An Arabic-English Lexicon

An Arabic-English Lexicon <foreign lang="ar">س</foreign> Edward William Lane The U.S. Department of Education The Max Planck Society Trustees of Tufts University Medford, MA Perseus Project

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You credit Perseus, as follows, whenever you use the document: Text provided by Perseus Digital Library, with funding from The U.S. Department of Education and The Max Planck Society. You leave this availability statement intact. You offer Perseus any modifications you make. Additional XML cleanup by Alpheios Technical Services, LLC. An Arabic-English Lexicon London Williams and Norgate 1863 English Arabic Transliterated Arabic Greek Latin s The twelfth letter of the alphabet; called siynN. It is one of the letters termed mahomuwsap [or non-vocal, i. e. pronounced with the breath only, without the voice]; and of the letters termed A^asaliy~ap, as also S and z, because proceeding from the tip of the tongue: its place of utterance is between that of S and that of z: and Az says hat it is never conjoined with either of these two letters in any Arabic word: (TA:) it is a sibilant letter; and is distinguished from S by the raising of the tongue to the palate [in the utterance of the latter], and from z by the suppression of the voice [in the utterance of the former]. (K in art. syn.) It is one of the letters of augmentation [occurring in the form AisotafoEala and its derivatives]. (S and L in art. syn.) [See also siynN in art. syn. It is sometimes substituted for S; as in saqorN, for SaqorN: and for $, as in siToranojN, for $iToranojN: (see De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., ii. 230-233: and iii. 530-532:)] and AZ says that some of the Arabs substitute for it t, (S and L and K * in art. syn,) as in the saying (S and L in art. syn) of 'Alyà Ibn-Arkam, (L ib.,) yaA qabaHa A@ll~`hu baniY Als~iEolaAti Eamoraw bona yarobuwEK $iraAra Aln~aAti layosuwA A^aEf~aA='a walaA A^akoyaAti [O, may God remove far from good, or from prosperity, the sons of the Sialáh, 'Amr Ibn-Yarbooa, the worst of mankind: they are not chaste, nor sharp in intellect]: he means Aln~aAsi and biA^akoyaAsi: (S and L ib.:) and in like manner one says TasotN for Tas~N. (TA in art. kyt.) ― -b2- y`s= in the Kur [commencing ch. xxxvi.] is like A=l=m= and H`m= at the commencement of chapters of the same; and is said by 'Ikrimeh to mean yaA A_inosaAnu [O man]; because it is followed by the words A_in~aka lamina Almurosaliyna: (S and L in art. syn:) or it means either thus, or yaA say~idu [O man of dignity]. (K in art. syn.) -A2- sa is a particle peculiarly prefixed to the aor., rendering it clearly denotative of the future, (Mughnee, and S * and L * in art. syn,) as in sayafoEalu [He will do such a thing], (S and L ib.,) and considered as forming a part thereof, for which reason it does not exercise any government upon it: it is not contracted from sawofa, contrary to what the Koofees hold: nor is the extent of the future with it shorter than it is with sawofa, contrary to what the Basrees hold: the analytical grammarians term it Harofu tanofiysK, by which is meant a particle of amplification; because it changes the aor. from the strait time, which is the present, to the ample time, which is the future: but plainer that their expression is the saying of Z and others, [that it is] a particle denoting the future. (Mughnee.) Kh asserts that it corresponds [as an affirmative] to [the negative] lano. (S and L in art. syn.) Some assert that it sometimes denotes continuance, not futurity: this is mentioned in relation to the saying in the Kur [iv. 93], satajiduwna A=xariyna [as though meaning Ye continually find others]; and they adduce as an evidence thereof the saying in the same [ii. 136], sayaquwlu A@ls~afahaA='u mina A@ln~aAsi maA wal~aAhumo Eano qibolatihimo [as meaning The light-witted of the people continually say, What hath turned them away, or back, from their kibleh?]; affirming that this was revealed after their saying maA wal~aAhumo: but this the grammarians know not; and that this verse was revealed after their saying mA wl~Ahm is not a fact agreed upon: moreover, if it be conceded, still continuance is inferred from the aor.; like as when you say, fulaAnN yaqoriY AlD~ayofa and yaSonaEu Aljamiyla, you mean that it is his custom to do thus. (Mughnee.) Z asserts that when it is prefixed to a verb signifying what is liked or disliked, it denotes that the event will inevitably happen: i. e., when it is prefixed to a verb signifying a promise or a threat, it corroborates and confirms its meaning. (Mughnee.) -A3- [As a numeral, s denotes Sixty.] sA i. q. sawofa, q. v. sA^b , (S, M, K,) aor. , (M, K,) inf. n. saA^obN, (S, M,) He throttled him, syn. xanaqahu; (S, M, IAth, K;) i. e., squeezed his throat: (IAth:) or, so that he died, (S,) or so that he killed him. (M, K.) ― -b2- And saA^abahu He widened it; namely, a siqaA=' [or skin for water or milk]. (S, K.) -A2- saA^aba mina Al$~araAbi, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (M;) and say^iba, (M, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. saA^abN; (M;) He was satisfied with drinking of wine or beverage. (M, K.) and ↓ misoA^abN A [skin such as is termed] ziq~, (S, M, K,) for wine: (M:) or such as is large: (M, K:) or a ziq~ of any kind: (M:) or a receptacle of skin, or leather, in which the ziq~ is put: (M, K:) the former also occurs in a verse in which it is read without ', for the sake of the rhyme: (M:) and its pl. is suw^uwbN: (S, M, K:) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or, ”) the latter (msA^b) signifies a skin for honey; (S, K;) and in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, (S, M, K,) cited voce xaAfapN, (S, M,) it is written misaAbN, (S, M, K,) without ': (S, M:) and it signifies also a skin in which clarified butter is put. (S and L voce misaAdN.) , in the following saying, (IJ, M,) A_in~ahu lasuw^obaAnu maAlK, meaning Verily he is one who pastures, or tends, the cattle, and takes care of them, and manages them, well, (IJ, M, K, *) is from saA^obN signifying “ a ziq~ ” because the ziq~ is made only for the preservation of its contents. (IJ, M.) : see saA^obN. ― -b2- Also, (K,) applied to a man, (TA), Who drinks much water. (K.) sA^d : see 1 in art. swd. signifies The hastening, or being quick, in journeying; (S, K;) and is mostly used in relation to journeying by night: (S:) or the journeying all the night; (M;) or the journeying in the night without alighting to rest; (Mbr, S, K;) and taA^owiybN signifies the “ journeying in the day without alighting to rest: ” (Mbr, S:) or the journeying of camels night and day (AA, S, M, K) together. (M, K.) And ↓ saA^adN occurs [as an inf. n. in the sense of A_isoA=dN]; but [ISd says] I know not any verb [properly] belonging to it. (M.) ― -b2- You say also, AsA^d Als~ayora He prosecuted the journey with energy, (M,) or persistently, or continually. (MA.) [See an ex. in a verse of Aboo-Duwád cited voce maroduwnN.] [an inf. n. of which the verb is not mentioned,] The act of walking, or going any pace on foot. (M.) : see 4, above. Somewhat remaining of youthfulness (S, K) and strength (S) in a woman. (S, K. * [See also suw^orapN.]) A skin for clarified butter, (S, K, [see badorapN,]) or for honey; as also misaAdN, without '; the former of the measure mifoEalN, and the latter of the measure fiEaAlN: or a [skin of the kind called] ziq~, smaller than the Hamiyt [which is similarly described as a skin, or small skin, of the kind called ziq~]: (El-Ahmar, L:) but Sh says, what we have heard is misoA^abN, meaning a large [skin of the kind called] ziq~. (L.) : see art. swd. sA*j (O, K, TA) and saA*ijN (TA) arabicized from [the Pers.] saAdaho: (O, K: [in some copies of the K saA*aho:]) this is the only explanation in some of the copies of the K: (TA:) Plain; i. e. without variegation, decoration, embellishment, or engraved or sculptured work: (O, TA:) or without any hair upon it: or of one unmixed colour: this last is [said to be] the correct meaning [in many instances]; but the sheykh Welee-ed-Deen El-'Irákee says, in the Expos. of the “ Sunan ” of Aboo-Dáwood, respecting a pair of boots of the Prophet, described as xuf~aAni A^asowadaAni saA*ajaAni or saA*ijaAni, that this phrase seems to mean A pair of black boots of one unmixed colour; the last word being used in this sense in the common conventional language; though he had not found it with this meaning in the lexicons, nor in the books of authors on the strange words occurring in traditions. (TA.) ― -b2- Also Free from self-constraint: and one who knows not badness, wickedness, deceit, or guile; in whom is no latent rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, nor cunning: (O:) or free in intellect; and easy [or simple or artless] in nature or disposition. (TA in art. sdj.) ― -b3- Huj~apN saA*ajapN, also written saA*ijapN, is used by authors on the scholastic theology of the Muslims as meaning An argument, a plea, an allegation, an evidence, or a testimony, that is undecisive: and sometimes the same epithet is used [in like manner] in other cases. (L.) -A2- In some copies of the K, it is said to be [the name of] Certain roots and shoots, that grow in waters, useful for such and such things; arabicized from sA*h [or saAdaho]: (TA:) or certain leaves and shoots, (O, CK,) used as a medicine, having a flower; one sort thereof called ruwmiY~N; and another, hinodiY~N; [the latter name, i. e. saA*ajN hinodiY~N, as well as saA*ajN alone, applied in the present day to malabathrum, or Indian spikenard;] growing in waters that collect and stagnate in black muddy lands, (O,) standing up on the surface of the water, (O, CK,) like the plant called Eadasu AlmaA='i, (O,) without attachment to a root; (O, CK;) beneficial for swellings of the eye. (CK.) sA^r : see 4, in two places. -A2- say^ira, aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. suw^orN, (Msb,) It remained; became left, as a residue. (Msb, K.) He left a remainder, or somewhat remaining; (IAar, M, K;) as also ↓ saA^ara, (IAar, K,) or saA^ara suw^orFA, (A,) inf. n. saA^orN: (TK:) or he left somewhat of the beverage in the bottom of the vessel from which he had drunk; (S, TA;) as also AsA^r fiY AlA_inaA='i suw^orFA: (A:) the doing of which is prescribed in a trad. (TA.) You say also AsA^rhu He left it remaining. (Msb.) And AsA^r suw^orFA and suw^orapF He left a remainder, or residue. (T, TA.) And AsA^r minohu $ayoy^FA He left somewhat of it remaining. (M.) And A^asoA^arati AlA_ibilu fiY AlHawoDi; and suw^orFA ↓ saA^arato; The camels left some water remaining in the trough, or tank. (A.) Also AsA^r mina AlT~aEaAmi suw^orapF (tropical:) He left somewhat remaining of the food. (A.) And AsA^r mino HisaAbihi (tropical:) He left somewhat of his calculation unreckoned. (M, * TA.) (so in the Tekmileh and M and CK, and in a MS. copy of the K; but in some copies of the K, and in a copy of the A, ↓ tasaA='ara;) He drank the remains: (A:) or the remainder of the nabiy*; (K;) or so tsA^~r Aln~abiy*a. (Lh, M.) see what next precedes. A remainder, or residue; (T, M, Msb, K;) of a thing, (M,) or of anything; (TA;) as also ↓ suw^orapN: (T:) or a remainder of beverage in the bottom of a vessel after one has drunk; (S, * A;) such as is left by a rat or mouse &c. after drinking: (S:) properly applied to a remainder of water left by the drinker in a vessel or wateringtrough: and tropically to (tropical:) a remainder of food, &c.: (Mgh:) and ↓ suw^orapN signifies likewise (tropical:) a remainder of food: (A:) pl. of the former A^asoA=rN, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) and, by transposition, A=saArN, like A=baArN and A=raAmN, pls. of biy^orN and riy^omN. (M.) [See also saAy^irN, below.] ― -b2- AlS~aqori ↓ suw^orapu means (tropical:) What remains of the portion of the flesh of the game that is given to the hawk which has captured it. (A.) ― -b3- And ↓ suw^orapN also signifies (tropical:) A remainder of youthful vigour in a man, (M, K,) or in a woman who has passed the prime of youth, (Lth,) or in a woman who has passed the period of youth but not been rendered decrepit by old age. (A.) [See also suw^odapN.] ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) What is good, or excellent, of property, or of camels or the like: pl. suw^arN. (L.) [App. because such is left when one has parted with the bad.] ― -b5- ↓ suw^orapN mina AlquroA=ni (tropical:) [means A chapter of the Kur-án;] so called because it is a portion, (A,) or a remainder: (TA:) or it may be from the signification immediately preceding: (L:) or it is a dial. var. of suwrapN: (K:) pl. suw^arN. (A, TA.) ― -b6- fulaAnN suw^oru $ar~K means Such a one is very evil or mischievous. (A.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in five places. One who leaves a remainder, or residue, (S, M, K,) of beverage in the bottom of the vessel from which he has drunk: (S, M:) [and (tropical:) of food in a dish; &c.:] deviating from rule, (S, M,) like jab~aArN from A^ajobara: (S:) [see dar~aAkN, which is said to be the only other instance of the kind:] by rule it should be ↓ musoy^irN; (S, K;) which is [said to be] also allowable: (K:) but MF denies this; (TA;) or it may be [regular] from saA^ara or [irregular] from A^asoA^ara. (T, TA.) The rest, or remainder, (T, and M in art. syr, and Msb and K,) of a thing, (Z, M, Msb,) whether little or much; (T, Msb;) and of men, or people: (Sgh; Msb:) not the whole, or all, as many imagine it to mean, (Sgh, Msb, K,) though people use it in this latter sense, (IAth,) which Sgh asserts to be a vulgar error: (Msb:) it occurs repeatedly in trads., and always in the former sense: (IAth:) or it is sometimes used [in chaste Arabic] in the latter sense: (K:) and is correctly so used accord. to AAF and J and IJ and ElJawáleekee and IB, the last of whom confirms this signification by many examples and evident proofs: but whether, in this sense, it is derived from Als~ayor, as AAF and J and others hold, or from suwrN the “ wall which surrounds a town or city, ” as others hold, is disputed: (TA:) and saAru Al$~aYo'i is a dial. var. of saAy^iruhu. (S in art. syr.) ― -b2- An Arab of the desert became the guest of a party, and they ordered the female slave to perfume him; whereupon he said, baToniY EaT~iriY wasaAy^iriY *ariY [My belly perfume thou, and the rest of me leave thou]: (K:) but in other lexicons than the K, we find A^aEoTiriY. (TA in art. ETr.) This saying is a well-known prov. (TA.) [In the TA it is added that sAy^ry here signifies the whole of me, or all of me: but this is an evident mistake.] You say this to a man who gives you what you do not want, and refuses you what you want. (Sgh, TA in art. ETr.) ― -b3- It is related, also, that a hostile attack was made upon a people, and they cried out for aid to the sons of their uncle; but these held back from them until they had been made captives and taken away; then they came inquiring respecting them; and the person asked replied, A^asaAy^ira Alyawomi waqado zaAla AlZ~uhoru [What, all the day, when the noon has passed?] (K:) i. e., Dost thou covet what is remote, (maA baEuda, (S, K, TA, in a copy of the S and in one of the K and in the CK maA baEodu,) when [reason for] despair hath become manifest to thee: for when one wants the whole day, and the noon has passed, he must despair like as he despairs of accomplishing his want at sunset. (S in art. syr, and K.) This saying is a prov.; (S, A;) and is used with reference to a thing which one hopes to attain when its time has passed. (A.) [ expl. by Golius as a pl. meaning “ Partes reliquæ ” is an evident mistake, app. caused by a misunderstanding of the latter prov. mentioned above.] : see saA^~=rN. sA^sm a dial. var. of saAsamN without '; A certain tree; [accord. to some,] i. q. $iyzaY. (TA.) [See art. ssm.] sA^l (S, M, K) with ka*aA following it, and saA^alahu Eano ka*aA and bika*aA, (S, * K,) aor. yasoA^alu, (M,) inf. n. suw^aAlN and masoA^alapN, (S, M, K,) which latter is also pronounced masalapN, without the hemzeh, (TA,) and tasoA=lN and saA=lapN, (M, K,) and saA^alapN or saA^olapN, (accord. to different copies of the K, the former of these two accord. to the TA, [and it appears from a statement that will be found below, voce suw^olN, that one of these is correct, but in an excel-lent copy of the M, in the place thereof, I find, and ↓ saA='alahu, as a verb, doubly trans., first thus by itself, and secondly by means of Eano, as shown by an ex. in a verse cited below, (see 3,) and this also is correct,]) all [sometimes] signify the same, (S, * K,) i. e. He asked him such a thing; or asked him, interrogated him, questioned him, or inquired of him, respecting such a thing: but En k*A is more common than bk*A: when saA^ala means the asking, or demanding, of property, it is trans. [only] by itself or by means of mino [so that you say saA^alahu ka*aA and saA^ala minohu ka*aA meaning he asked, or demanded, of him such a thing]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and one says also saAla, aor. yasaAlu, (Akh, S, M, Msb, K,) like xaAfa, aor. yaxaAfu; (Msb, K;) which is of the dial. of Hudheyl; the medial letter of this being originally w, as is shown by the phrase, mentioned by AZ, humaA yatasaAwalaAni: (TA:) [respecting this dial. var., see what follows:] the imperative (S, Msb, K, TA;) of saA^ala (S, Msb, TA) is AisoA^alo; (S, M, Msb, K, TA;) and (S, K, &c.) that of saAla, (S, Msb, TA,) salo, (S, Msb, K, TA,) dual. salaA, and pl. saluwA, [these two being] irregular; (Msb;) and AAF mentions that Aboo-'Othmán heard one say Aisalo, [a form omitted in some copies of the K, but mentioned in the CK,] meaning AisoA^alo, suppressing the ', and transferring its vowel to the preceding letter, like as some of the Arabs said laHomaru for AlA^aHomaru [as many do in the present day]: (M:) accord. to ISd, (TA,) the Arabs universally suppress the ' in the imperative except when they prefix to it fa or wa; (M, TA;) saying faA@soA^alo and waA@soA^alo: (TA:) or when wa [or fa] is prefixed, it is allowable to pronounce the ' and also to suppress it, as in saying waA@soA^aluwA and wasaluwA: (Msb:) and for the pass. suy^ila, one may say siyla, and suyila, in this instance making the kesreh to partake of the sound of dammeh, and suwla; and also suyila, in which the middle letter is pronounced with a sound between that of ' and that of Y, or resembling that of w. (IJ, TA.) As Er-Rághib says, suw^aAlN signifies The asking, or demanding, knowledge, or information, or what leads thereto: and the asking, or demanding, property, or what leads thereto. (TA.) saA^alotuhu Eani Al$~aYo'i means I asked of him information respecting the thing: (IB, TA: [and the like is said in the Msb:]) and saA^alotuhu Al$~aYo'a [is sometimes used in the same sense, as has been shown above, but generally] means I asked him to give me the thing: (IB, TA:) you say, saA^alahu maAlFA He asked, demanded, or begged, of him property, and in like manner, saA^ala minohu and saA^ala A_ilayohi [followed by maAlFA]: (MA:) and saA^alotu A@ll~`ha AlEaAfiyapa, inf. n. suw^aAlN and masoA^alapN, I begged, or sought, of God health, or freedom from disease, &c. (Msb.) The saying in the Kur [lxx. 1], saA^ala saAy^ilN biEa*aAbK waAqiEK means Eano Ea*aAbK [i. e. An asker asked respecting a falling punishment]: (S:) [for] one says, xarajonaA nasoA^alu Eano fulaAnK and bifulaAnK [meaning We went forth asking respecting such a one]: (Akh, S:) or the phrase in the Kur means a caller called [for a falling punishment]: (TA:) and some read saAla saAy^ilN bE*Ab wAqE, (Bd, TA,) [likewise] from Als~uw^aAlu: (Bd:) or this means saAla waAdK bE*Ab wAqE [i. e. a valley flowed with a falling punishment]; (Bd, TA;) so some say; (TA;) from Als~ayalaAnu. (Bd.) The saying, in a trad., nahaY Eano kavorapi Als~aw^aAli [He (Mohammad) forbade much questioning or inquiring] is said to relate to subtile questions or inquiries, that are needless; like another trad., mentioned below, voce, masoA^alapN: or to the begging, of men, their property needlessly. (TA.) , (M, TA,) inf. n. musaA='alapN: (TA:) see 1, first sentence. Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, A^asaA='alota rasoma Ald~aAri A^amo lamo tusaAy^ili Eani Als~akoni A^amo Eano Eahodihi biAlA^awaAy^ili [Didst thou ask the remains of the dwelling, or didst thou not ask, respecting the inhabitants, or respecting their knowledge of the former occupants?]. (M, TA.) ― -b2- In the saying of Bilál Ibn-Jereer, wajadota bihimo Eil~apF HaADiraho A_i*aA Difotahumo A^awo saA=yalotahumo [When thou becomest their guest, or askest of them, thou findest with them a ready excuse], saA=yalotahumo is a combination of two dial. vars.; the ' being in the original phrase saA='alotu zayodFA, and the Y being a substitute in the phrase saAyalotu zayodFA; the measure of saA=yalotahumo being faEaAyalotahumo: (M, K: *) so said Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà, [i. e. Th,] who had at first ignored the expression: (M:) and it is an instance of which we know not a parallel in the language. (M, K. *) ― -b3- [Accord. to analogy, saA='alaha also signifies He asked him, &c., being asked by him, &c. ― -b4- And Freytag states that Reiske has explained saA='ala as meaning He always demanded that another should express wishes for his health: but I know not any instance of its being used in this sense.] ↓ A^asoA^alahu suw^olahu, (K,) or ↓ suw^olatahu, (S,) and ↓ masoA^alatahu, (S, K,) He accomplished for him his want. (S, K.) , in the modern language, signifies He begged, or asked alms; as also tasaw~ala: both probably post-classical.] They asked, or begged, one another. (S, Msb, K.) You say, humaA yatasaA='alaAni, (M,) and also yatasaAwalaAni, (M, Msb, K,) and yatasaAyalaAni. (TA.) In the Kur [iv. 1], some read waA@t~aquwA A@ll~`ha A@l~a*iY tas~aA='aluwna bihi; and others, tasaA='aluwna bihi: in each case, originally tatasaA='aluwna: the meaning is, [And fear ye God,] by Whom ye demand [one of another] your rights, or dues: (M:) or by Whom ye ask, or demand, one of another; (Bd, Jel;) saying, I ask thee, or beg thee, by God; and I beseech thee, or adjure thee, by God. (Jel.) ― -b2- One says also tasaA='aluwA Alqawoma, meaning They [together] asked, or begged, the people. (Mgh in art. nqD.) , (S, M, K;) also pronounced suwlN, without ', (S, K,) [A petition; or a request; meaning] a thing that people ask or beg; (S;) or a thing that one has asked or begged; (M, K;) as also ↓ suw^olapN, (IJ, M, K,) which is likewise pronounced suwlapN, without '; (K;) and ↓ suw^uwlN; (Har p. 422; [or this is app. pl. of suw^olN, like as buruwjN is of burojN, and buruwdN of burodN, &c.;]) [and ↓ saA^olapN or saA^alapN, as will be shown by what follows;] and ↓ masow^uwlN; (Msb;) [and ↓ masoA^alapN:] see 4: the first of these said by Z to be of the measure fuEolN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN; like EurofN and nukorN. (TA.) Thus in the Kur [xx. 36], qado A^uwtiyta suw^olaka yaA muwsaY Thou hast been granted thy petition, or the thing that thou hast asked, O Moses. (S, M, TA.) In the saying ↓ Aall~`hum~a A^aEoTinaA saA^alaAtinaA [O God, grant Thou us our petitions], mentioned by Aboo- 'Alee on the authority of AZ, the inf. n. is used as a subst., properly so termed, and is therefore pluralized. (M.) or saA^alapN; pl. saA^alaAtN: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. : see 4: and see also sow^olN. , (S, K,) also pronounced suwalapN, (TA,) A man (S) who asks, or begs, much; (S, K;) as also ↓ saA^~=lN, and ↓ saw^uwlN: (TA:) such is improperly termed ↓ saAy^ilN. (Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Ar., p. 47 of the Ar. text.) an inf. n. of 1. (S, M, K, &c.) ― -b2- [It is often used as a subst. properly so called; like masoA^alapN; meaning A question; an interrogation; correlative of jawaAbN: and a demand, or petition: and as such has a pl., suw^aAlaAtN; perhaps postclassical.] : see suw^alapN. : see suw^olN [of which it is app. pl.]. : see suw^alapN. [i. e. Asking; meaning interrogating, questioning, or inquiring; and demanding, or begging;] has for its pl. saA^alapN and suw^~aAlN. (TA.) See suw^alapN. ― -b2- It also means [A beggar; i. e.] a poor man asking, or begging, a thing. (Er-Rághib, TA.) So it has been expl. as used in the Kur [xciii. 10], where it is said, waA^am~aA A@ls~aAy^ila falaA tanoharo [And as for the beggar, thou shalt not chide him, or address him with rough speech]: or, accord. to El-Hasan, it here means the seeker of knowledge. (TA.) , an inf. n. of 1, is tropically used in the sense of a pass. part. n. [with the noun qualified by it understood; meaning (tropical:) A thing asked; i. e. a question; a problem, or proposition; a matter, or an affair, proposed for decision or determination]: (TA:) and the pl. is masaAy^ilu. (Msb, TA.) So in the saying, taEal~amotu masoA^alapF (tropical:) [I learned a question, or problem, &c.]. (TA.) The saying, in a trad., kariha AlmasaAy^ila waEaAbahaA means (assumed tropical:) [He (Mohammad) disliked and discommended] subtile questions, such as are needless. (TA.) ― -b2- See also suw^olN: ― -b3- and see 4. [pass. part. n. of 1: and used as a subst.]: see suw^olN. sA^m , (S, M, Msb, K,) and say^imahu, (M, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. saA^amN (S, M, K) and saA^omN (K) and saA^amapN (S, M) and saA=mN and saA=mapN, (S, Msb, K,) He turned away with disgust from it; was averse from it; was disgusted at it or with it; loathed, or nauseated, it; (S, M, Msb, K;) namely, a thing; (S, M, K;) syn. mal~a, (S, M, Msb, K,) and Dajira: (Msb:) saA=mapN exceeds malaAlN. (Ham pp. 775-6.) It is said in the Kur [xli. 49], laA yasoA^=mu A@loA_inosaAnu mino duEaA='i A@loxayori [Man will not turn away with disgust from, or will not be weary of, praying for good, or wealth, or prosperity]. (Msb.) And in a trad., A_in~a A@ll~`ha laA yasoA^amu Hat~aY tasoA^amuwA Verily God will not turn away with disgust until ye turn away with disgust; like laA yamal~u Hat~aY tamal~uwA, and thus the trad. is commonly related. (TA.) And it is related in a trad. of 'Áïsheh that she used to say to the Jews, Ealayokumo Als~aA^omu waAl*~aA^omu waAll~aEonapu [Disgust, or loathing, and contempt, and cursing, rest upon you]: thus related with ', meaning ye shall turn away with disgust from your religion: but commonly related without ' [and with a different meaning], as will be stated hereafter [in art. swm]. (IAth, TA in this art. and in art. swm.) He, or it, made him to turn away with disgust, to be averse, to be disgusted, to loathe, or to nauseate. (M, K.) an [intensive] epithet from 1 [meaning Wont, or much disposed, to turn away with disgust, to be averse, to be disgusted, to loathe, or to nauseate]: (S, M, K:) or much affected with vexation, or disgust; having little patience. (Ham p. 532.) sA^w , (S, M, K,) like ramaAhu, [or rather like daEaAhu,] incorrectly [and differently] written in copies of the K, (TA,) i. q. saA='ahu, (S, M, K, TA,) formed from the latter by transposition; (S, M;) mentioned by Sb: you say, saA=hu AlA^amoru, like saA='ahu [The affair displeased, grieved, or vexed, him]: (M:) and saA^awotuhu, meaning suw^otuho [I displeased, grieved, or vexed, him]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And saA^aA bayonahumo, (K, TA,) inf. n. saA^owo, (TA,) He created, or excited, disorder, or discord, between them, or among them; made, or did, mischief between them, or among them: (K, TA:) mentioned by Az: app. a dial. var. of saEaY. (TA.) I made a siy^ap [q. v.] to the bow. (K, TA.) : see what next follows. : see what next follows. of a bow, and ↓ suw^apN, (Ibn-Málik, Az, ISd, K, TA,) and ↓ saA^apN, (Ibn-Málik, K, TA,) [in the CK erroneously written sA'ap, and it is there implied that the other vars. are siyoy^apN and suwo'apN,] dial. vars. of siyapN, (K, &c.,) i. e. The curved extremity thereof. (TA.) [See also art. syw.] , like masoEaApN, is a dial. var. of masaA='apN, [or] formed from the latter by transposition; and has for its pl. masaA='K: whence the saying, A^akorahu masaAy^iyaka [I dislike, or hate, thy vices, faults, or acts of disobedience]: (TA:) Sb mentions this saying; (M, TA;) and says, masaA='apN is pluralized, and then the pl. is transformed, so that it is as though it were pl. of masoA=pN, like masoEaApN. (M.) sb , (S, M, K,) [aor. ,] inf. n. sab~N, (M,) He cut him, or it. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- And i. q. Eaqarahu [i. e. He wounded him; or hocked, houghed, or hamstrung, him; &c.]. (S, * K.) ― -b3- And, (S, M, K,) aor. as above, (S, TA,) and so the inf. n., (M, TA,) (tropical:) He pierced him in the sab~apN, i. e. the Aisot. (S, M, K, TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. sr.] ― -b4- Also sab~ahu, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, M,) inf. n. sab~N (S, M, Msb, K) and sib~iybaY, (K,) [but the latter, accord. to analogy, has an intensive signification,] He reviled him, vilified him, upbraided him, reproached him, defamed him, or gave a bad name to him; (S, M, A, MA, K, Bd in vi. 108, &c.;) from the same verb in the first of the senses expl. in this art.; (M;) as also ↓ sb~bhu; (K;) or the latter signifies he reviled him, vilified him, &c., much; syn. A^akovara sab~ahu; (M;) or is more than sab~ahu (A^akovaru mino sab~ahu). (TA.) see what next precedes. -A2- sb~b liloA^amori, (MA,) inf. n. tasobiybN, (KL, PS,) (assumed tropical:) He made, or appointed, or prepared, a means, or cause, (MA, KL, PS,) of attaining, or accomplishing, the thing, or affair. (MA.) [And sb~b, alone, (assumed tropical:) He, or it, caused or, occasioned.] You say, sab~aba A@ll~`hu laka sababa xayorK (tropical:) [May God make, or appoint, or prepare, for thee a means of attaining good, or prosperity]. (A, TA.) And sb~b lilomaA='i majorFY (tropical:) He made, or prepared, a channel for the water. (A, TA.) , inf. n. sibaAbN (S, * M, A, Msb, K *) and musaAb~apN, (M, Msb, KL, TA,) He reviled him, vilified him, upbraided him, reproached him, defamed him, or gave a bad name to him, (M, A, KL, TA,) being reviled, &c., by him. (M, A, TA.) You say, bayonahumaA sibaAbN Between them two is mutual reviling, &c. (A.) And AlmizaAHu sibaAbu Aln~awokaY [Jesting is the mutual reviling, &c., of those that are foolish, or stupid]. (A, TA.) And it is said in a trad., sbaAbu Almusolimi fusuwqN (TA) The mutual reviling of the Muslim is a departure from obedience to God. (El-Munáwee in his Expos. of the Jámi' es-Sagheer of Es-Suyootee.) [as quasi-pass. of 2, (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, made, or appointed, or prepared, as a means, or cause, of attaining, or accomplishing a thing, or an affair; followed by liA^amorK. And It was, or became, caused, or occasioned]. You say, tsb~b maAlu AlfaYo'i (assumed tropical:) [The property of the spoil, or acquisition, or tribute, termed faYo' was caused, or occasioned, to accrue]: for that whereby the property is caused, or occasioned, [to be obtained, as the abandonment of their abodes by unbelievers, or their making peace with Muslim invaders on the condition of paying a poll-tax or the like,] is made a means, or cause, of the accruing of the property to those to whom it is due of the recipients of the faYo' (Az, TA.) [See also 10.] ― -b2- tsb~b bihi A_ilaY $aYo'K (assumed tropical:) He made use of it as a means, or cause, of attaining, or accomplishing, a thing. (M.) And A^atasab~abu bifulaAnK A_ilayoka (assumed tropical:) [I make use of such a one as a means of access to thee]. (TA in art. *rE.) ― -b3- [Hence, in the present day, tsb~b is used as meaning (assumed tropical:) He trafficked; because trafficking is a using means to procure subsistence.] , (K,) [or tsAb~wA,] inf. n. tasaAb~N, (S,) They two cut each other, (S, * K,) [or they (i. e. more than two persons) cut one another.] ― -b2- [Hence, (see 1, last sentence,)] tsAb~wA, (S, M, A, MA, K,) inf. n. as above; (S;) and ↓ Astb~wA; (A, MA;) They reviled, vilified, upbraided, reproached, defamed, or gave bad names to, one another. (S, M, A, MA.) And bayonahumo A^usobuwbapN yatasaAb~uwna bihaA (S, M, A, * TA) Between them is a thing [meaning reviling or vilifying speech] with which they revile, or vilify, &c., one another. (M, TA.) see the next preceding paragraph. [He invited, or attracted, reviling, or vilifying, to his two parents]. (A.) It is said in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, laA tamo$iyan~a A^amaAma A^abiyka walaA tajoliso qabolahu walaA tadaEohu biA@somihi walaA tasotasib~a lahu, i. e. [By no means walk thou before thy father, nor sit down before him, nor call him by his name,] nor expose him to reviling, or attract reviling to him, by reviling another's father, for in that case he may revile thy father in requital to thee. (TA.) -A2- Aisotasobaba lahu AlA^amoru (tropical:) (A, TA) [The thing, or affair, or event, became caused, or prepared, for him: thus expl. by IbrD: see also 5]. (assumed tropical:) He severed his tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred. (AA.) -A2- He went a gentle pace. (AA. [Freytag, on the authority of “ Hamak. Waked., ” assigns this meaning to ↓ tasabosaba.]) -A3- He smelt a foul smell. (AA.) -A4- He discharged his urine. (M, K.) He made water to flow. (K.) It (water) ran, or flowed. (K.) ― -b2- See also R. Q. 1. One who reviles, vilifies, upbraids, reproaches, or defames, much, being reviled, &c.; (A'Obeyd, S, M, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ misab~N. (S, K.) And [simply] One's mutual reviler or vilifier &c.; (A'Obeyd, S, M, K;) as also ↓ sabiybN (M, K.) A poet, (S,) namely, 'Abd-Er-Rahmán Ibn-Hassán, satirizing Miskeen Ed-Dárimee, (TA,) says, laA tasub~an~aniY falasota bisib~iY A_in~a sib~iY mina Alr~ijaAli Alkariymu [Thou shalt by no means revile me; for thou art not my mutual reviler: verily he, of men, who is my mutual reviler is the generous]. (S, TA.) [See also musotab~N: and sab~aAbN.] -A2- A veil, or the like; syn. sitorN. (M.) ― -b2- A woman's muffler, or head-covering; syn. ximaArN. (S, M, Msb, K.) ― -b3- A turban. (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K.) El-Mukhabbal Es-Saadee says, (S, M, Mgh,) using it in this sense, (M, Mgh,) waA^a$ohadu mino EawofK HuluwlFA kaviyrapF yaHuj~uwna sib~a Alz~iboriqaAni AlmuzaEofaraA [And I witness many persons of 'Owf, alighting during their journeys, going repeatedly to and fro to see Ez-Zibrikán's turban dyed with saffron]: (S, M, Mgh:) for it was a custom of the chiefs of the Arabs to dye their turbans with saffron: or, as some say, the meaning is his Aisot; [but this is correctly, or more commonly, termed sab~ap;] and Ktr asserts that he was suspected: (M:) he says that Ez-Zibrikán used to tinge his Ast yellow; but this is a strange saying. (TA in art. zbrq.) ― -b4- Also, and ↓ sabiybapN, An oblong piece (S, M, K) of cloth, (M,) or of thin cloth, (K,) or of thin linen cloth, (S,) or of white cloth: (M:) or a thin garment: (Aboo-'Omar, TA:) or so the latter word: (M:) or this signifies a linen stuff that is brought from the region of the Nile, of a kind commonly known among the merchants by [the name of] krx, some of which are made in Misr, and their length is eight by six [cubits: cubits being meant because the ns. of number here are fem., and *iraAE is fem.]: (Sh, TA:) or this same word signifies an oblong piece of cloth of any kind, or, as some say, of linen: (TA:) the pl. of the former is subuwbN; (S, K, TA;) and of the latter, sabaAy^ibN: (S, M, K, TA:) in a verse of 'Alkameh Ibn-'Abadeh, the phrase bisabaA Alkat~aAni is used for bisabaAy^ibi Alkt~An. (M.) ― -b5- See also sababa, first signification. i. q. AisotN (tropical:) [The podex, or the anus]: (S, M, A, K:) because it is discommended. (A.) [See also sib~N.] -A2- maDato sab~apN mina Ald~ahori (tropical:) A space, or long space, of time passed; (S, M, A;) [thus termed] because time is always complained of; (A;) and so sanobapN, in which the n is [said to be] a substitute for the [former] b of sab~apN, in like manner as it is substituted in the case of A_ij~aASN and A_inojaASN; because [it is asserted, though this is contradicted, that] there is no word of which the radical letters are snb. (M.) And maA raA^ayotuhu muno*u sab~apK (assumed tropical:) I have not seen him for, or during, a space, or long space, of time; (S, K; *) like as you say muno*u sanobapK. (S.) And Ei$onaA bihaA sab~apF and sanobapF (assumed tropical:) We lived in it a space, or long space, of time. (Ks, TA.) And A^aSaAbatonaA sab~apN mina AlHar~i, and Albarodi, and AlS~aHowi, (K, * TA,) and Alr~awoHi, (TA,) (tropical:) A period of some days' continuance [of heat, and of cold and of serene weather, and of gentle wind, betided us]. (K, TA.) [The pl. is sibaAbN.] One says, Ald~ahoru sibaAbN (assumed tropical:) Time consists of vicissitudes; one turn is thus, and one is thus. (ISh, TA.) A disgrace; a shame; a thing that occasions one's being reviled. (S, M, A, K.) One says, SaAra h`*aA AlA^amoru sub~apF Ealayohi This thing became a disgrace to him, occasioning his being reviled. (S.) And A^anota sub~apN EalaY qawomika [Thou art a disgrace to thy people]. (A.) [And ↓ masab~apN, in like manner, (a word of the class of maboxalapN and majobanapN, being originally masobabapN,) signifies A cause of reviling, or of being reviled; as is shown by the saying of Tufeyl El-Ghanawee, cited in the TA in art. Eqb, falamo yajidi AlA^aqowaAmu fiynaA masab~apF And the people did not find in us a cause of reviling, or of being reviled: pl. masaAb~u.] One says, ↓ A_iy~aAka waAlmasab~apa and AlmasaAb~a [Beware thou of, or avoid thou, the cause of reviling or of being reviled, and the causes thereof]. (A.) ― -b2- Also One whom people revile (S, K) much. (K.) See also subabapN. : see Als~ab~aAbapu. A rope, or cord; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ sib~N; (S, M, K;) the latter of the dial. of Hudheyl, (S,) and occurring in this sense in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb cited voce xayoTapN; (S, M;) accord. to some, as there meaning a wooden peg, [a meaning assigned to it in the K,] but the former is the correct meaning: (M:) the pl. of both words is A^asobaAbN, (M, TA, *) [and] the pl. of the latter word is subuwbN (S, TA) also: (TA:) or sababN signifies any rope let down, or made to descend, from above: (AO, TA:) or a strong and long rope, but no rope is so called except one by means of which one ascends and descends: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, TA:) or this appellation is only given to a rope of which one end is attached to a roof or ceiling or the like: (TA:) or one by means of which one ascends palm-trees: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [and] a rope by means of which one reaches, or gains access to, water. (TA.) faloyamodudo bisababK A_ilaY A@ls~amaA='i vum~a liyaqoTaEo, in the Kur [xxii. 15], means Let him stretch a rope to the roof, or ceiling, of his dwelling; then let him die strangled: i. e. let him die of rage: (M, TA:) or, as some say, let him stretch a rope to the lowest heaven; then let him traverse the intervening space until he reach the highest part thereof. (Bd.) The saying jab~ato nisaA='a AlEaAlamiyna biAls~ababo has been expl. in art. jb: in this instance, a rope or cord, may be meant; or a string, or thread. (M, TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (Msb,) (tropical:) A thing (S, M, Msb, K) of any kind (S, Msb, K) by means of which one attains, reaches, or gains access to another thing: (S, M, Msb, K:) pl. as above. (M.) One says, jaEalotu fulaAnFA liY sababFA A_ilaY fulaAnN fiY HaAjatiY, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [I made such a one] a means of access [to such a one in the case of my want]. (TA.) Hence, (M,) A^asobaAbu Als~amaA='i (assumed tropical:) The places of ascent of the heaven, or sky: (M, K:) or the tracts, or regions, thereof: (S, K:) or the gates thereof. (Ibn-Es-Seed, K. [See an ex. in a verse cited voce vamaAnuwna.]) And the saying, AirotaqaY fiY AlA^asobaAbi, meaning (assumed tropical:) He excelled [or attained to excellence] in religion. (M.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A road, or way. (A. [There mentioned among proper, not tropical, significations.]) So in the saying, in the Kur xviii. 88 and 91, vum~a A@t~abaEa sababFA (assumed tropical:) [Then he followed a road, or way]. (Bd.) [And] so in the saying, maA liY A_ilayohi sababN (assumed tropical:) [There is not for me any road, or way, to him, or it]. (A.) So too ↓ sabiybapN: pl. sabaAy^ibu. (Ham p. 347.) ― -b4- [(assumed tropical:) A mean, or means, used in order to any end: a means by which a thing is brought about: a cause; but more properly only a second cause: an occasion, or accidental cause: and a reason, or motive.] One says, h`*aA sababu h`*aA (assumed tropical:) [This is the cause, or occasion, of this]. (Msb.) And bisababihi kaAna ka*aA (assumed tropical:) [Because of him, or it, it was thus, or such a thing was]. (Msb in art Ajl.) And sab~aba A@ll~`hu laka sababa xayorK (tropical:) [May God appoint, or prepare, for thee a means, or cause, of good, or prosperity]. (A.) ― -b5- (tropical:) A connexion, or tie, (S, A, K, TA,) of relationship (S, K, TA) by marriage; distinguished from nasabN, which is by birth: from the same word as signifying “ a rope by means of which one reaches, or gains access to, water. ” (TA.) One says, AinoqaTaEa bayonahumu Als~ababu i. e. (tropical:) The connexion, or tie, [of affinity between them was severed,] and AlA^asobaAbu the connexions, or ties. (A) wataqaT~aEato bihimu AlA^asobaAbu [in the Kur ii. 161] means, accord. to I'Ab, (assumed tropical:) And their ties and affections [shall be dissundered]: or, accord. to AZ, (assumed tropical:) and their places of abode [shall be divided asunder]. (TA.) [But] qaTaEa A@ll~`hu bihi Als~ababa means (assumed tropical:) [God cut short, or may God cut short,] his life. (M, K.) ― -b6- Also, [from the same word as signifying the “ cord, or rope, of a bayot, ” properly meaning “ tent, ” and tropically “ verse, ”] (assumed tropical:) A portion, or division, of a foot of a verse, consisting of a movent letter and a quiescent letter; and also one consisting of two movent letters: pl. A^asobaAbN. (M, K. [In some of the copies of the K, the latter kind is not mentioned.]) sababN xafiyfN (assumed tropical:) [A light cord] means a movent letter followed by a quiescent letter; as qumo and mino: and sababN vaqiylN (assumed tropical:) [A heavy cord], two movent letters; as laka and lima. (KT.) sababaAni maqoruwnaAni (assumed tropical:) [Two conjoined cords] means two portions in which are three successive short vowels followed by a quiescent letter; as mutafaA in mutafaAEiluno, and Ealatuno in mufaAEalatuno: and sababaAni maforuwqaAni (assumed tropical:) [Two disjoined cords], two portions of which each consists of a movent letter and a quiescent letter, and which is followed by a movent letter; as musotafo in musotafoEiluno, and Eiyluno in mafaAEiyluno. (M, TA.) One who reviles people; (S, K;) as also ↓ masab~apN. (K.) One says, ↓ laA takuno subabapF walaA sub~apF [Be not thou a reviler of others, nor one whom others revile]. (A.) [ Causative.] [ Causality.] : see sib~N, second sentence. -A2- Also The hair of the forelock, (AO, S, M, A, K,) and of the tail, (S, M, A, K,) the latter meaning [only] assigned to it by Er-Riyáshee, (TA,) and of the mane, (S, M, K,) of a horse: (M, A, K:) pl. A^asaAbiybu and sabaAy^ibu. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) A lock (xuSolap) of hair; as also ↓ sabiybapN: (M, K:) pl. sabaAy^ibu: which is also expl. as (tropical:) syn. with *awaAy^ibu [app. as meaning pendent locks, or pendent plaits, of hair]: (TA:) thus in the phrase AimoraA^apN Tawiylapu Als~abaAy^ibi (tropical:) A woman having the *wAy^b long. (A, TA.) see sib~N: ― -b2- and sabiybN: ― -b3- and sababN. ― -b4- Ealayohi sabaAy^ibu Ald~ami means (tropical:) Upon him are, or were, streaks of blood: (A, TA:) the sing. of sbAy^b in this sense is sabiybapN. (Ham p. 347.) -A2- Also [Trees of the kind called] EDaAh abounding in a place. (M, K.) [That cuts much, or sharply]. sab~aAbu AlEaraAqiybi means The sword: (K, TA:) or is an epithet applied to the sword: (A:) because it cuts the ErAqyb [or hock-tendons]: (TA:) [but Z holds it to be tropical, from the signification following; for] it is added in the A, as though it were hostile to the ErAqyb, and reviled them. (TA.) ― -b2- [One who reviles much or frequently; or a great reviler: a meaning indicated in the Msb, and of frequent occurrence.] , an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, (M,) (tropical:) [The index, or fore finger;] the finger that is next to the thumb (S, M, A, * Msb, K, TA) and middle-finger; (M, TA;) between these two; (TA;) as also ↓ Als~ib~apu: (K:) so called because one [often] points with it in reviling: (Msb:) called by persons praying Almusab~iHapu and Als~ab~aAHapu [because it is raised in asserting the unity of God]. (TA in the present art. and in art. sbH.) A desert; or a desert in which is no water, or in which is neither water nor herbage; syn. mafaAzapN (S, K) and qaforN: (TA:) or a tract of land level and far-extending: (M, K:) or a [desert such as is termed] qafor that is far-extending, whether level or not level, rugged or not rugged, without water and without any one to cheer by his presence: (ISh, TA:) or a land affected with drought, barrenness, or dearth: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) and basobasN signifies the same: (TA:) pl. sabaAsibu: (M, TA:) A 'Obeyd explains sabaAsibu and basaAbisu as syn. with qifaArN, [pl. of qaforN]. (TA.) One says also baladN sabosabN, (S, (K,) [using the latter word as an epithet;] and baladN sabaAsibu, (Lh, S, M, K,) thus using the pl. as though he termed every part of the balad a sabosab; (Lh, M;) or the pl. is added to give intensiveness to the meaning: (IAth, TA voce baloqaEN, q. v.:) but some say ↓ subaAsibN, with damm; and this is more common, because it is a sing. epithet. (MF, TA.) -A2- Also i. q. saAsabN [or sayosabN (q. v. in art. ssb), if not a mistranscription for this last], i. e. A kind of tree, from which arrows, or, as in the book of AHn, camels' saddles (riHaAl), are made: Ru-beh says, [accord. to one reading, another being given in art. ssb, q. v.,] ↓ raAHato waraAHa kaEaSaA Als~abosaAbi [She went, and he went, like the rod of the sebsáb, meaning, the arrow]; in which the last word is a dial. var. of Als~abosab, or the A is inserted by poetic license. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, perhaps,] Als~abaAsibu, (M, K,) or yawomu Als~abaAsibi, (S, TA,) A certain festival of the Christians; (S, * TA;) i. q. A^ay~aAmu, Als~aEaAniyni, (Abu-l-'Alà, M, K,) or yawomu Als~aEaAniyni [Palm-Sunday; now commonly called A^aHadN Al$~aEaAniyn or Eiydu Al$~aEaAniyn, with $]. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see the next preceding paragraph. [like A^uhojuw~apN, contr. of A^umoduwHapN,] A thing [meaning reviling speech] with which persons revile one another: (M, TA:) pl. A^asaAbiybu. (A, TA.) Using it in this sense, (M, TA,) one says, bayonahumo A^usobuwbapN yatasaAb~uwna bihaA [Between them is reviling speech] (S, M, A, * K) with which they revile one another. (M, TA.) pl. of sabiybN: -A2- and also of A^usobuwbapN. -A3- A^asaAbiybu Alwajohi The beauties of the face. (TA in art. sr.) : see sib~N, first signification. : see sub~apN, in two places: ― -b2- and subabapN. [Much reviled: see its verb]. ― -b2- musab~abapN as an epithet applied to camels, (S, K, TA,) or to horses, (A,) and to wild asses, (TA,) means (tropical:) Goodly, or excellent: (S, A, * K, TA:) because (S, TA) they are such that one says of them, (S, A, TA,) when admiring them, (S, TA,) or when deeming them goodly, or excellent, (A,) May God curse them, (qaAtalahaA A@ll~`hu, S, A, TA,) and abase them: (A^axozaAhaA: A, TA:) how goodly, or excellent, are they! (TA.) -A2- [Also Made, appointed, or prepared, as a means, or cause, of attainment or accomplishment, liA^amorK for a thing, or an affair. And Caused, or occasioned: and a thing caused or occasioned; an effect.] One says, h`*aA musab~abN Eano h`*aA [This is caused, or occasioned, by that: this is an effect of, or arising from, that]. (Msb.) [Reviling much: see its verb. -A2- And Making, appointing, or preparing, a means, or cause: and causing, or occasioning: and a causer]. musab~ibu AlA^asobaAbi [The Appointer, or Preparer, of means or causes; or the Causer of causes;] is an epithet applied to God. (S.) [act. and pass. part. n. of 8]. It is said in a trad., Almusotab~aAni $ayoTaAnaAni (A, TA) The two mutual revilers are two devils. (El-Munáwee in his Expos. of the Jámi' es-Sagheer of EsSuyootee.) sbA^ , (S, M, K,) aor. , (M, K,) inf. n. sabo'N (S, M, K) and sibaA='N, (M, K, TA,) like kitaAbN, (TA, in the CK sabA',) [but see sibaA='N below,] and masobaA^N; (S, K;) and ↓ AstbA^hA; (S, M, K;) He bought wine, syn. $araAhaA, (M, K,) which mostly means “ he sold it, ” (TA,) or Ai$otaraAhaA, (S, O,) which is well known as meaning “ he bought it, ” wherefore it is here used in the S and O, (TA,) in order that he might drink it: (S, O:) accord. to Ks, (TA,) when you buy wine to carry it to a place, you say, sabayotu Alxamora, without '; (S, TA;) and so say the [other] celebrated lexicologists, except Fei, accord. to whom you say in this case [as in others], sabaA^otuhaA; and it is itself called sabiyoy^apN: (TA:) the verbs are only used, in the sense of buying, in relation to wine. (S, Msb, TA.) [See also art. sbY.] ― -b2- And sabaA^a Al$~araAba He collected the wine in vessels: occurring in this sense in a trad. (Aboo-Moosà, TA.) -A2- sabaA^atohu, (M,) or sabaA^ati Aljiloda, (K,) said of fire, (M, K,) and of whips, (M,) It, or they, burned, or hurt, (M, K,) or, as some say, (M, but in the K “ and, ”) altered, (M, K,) him, (M,) or the skin: (K:) and in like manner one says of the sun, and of fever, and of journeying. (M.) ― -b2- And sabaA^otuhu biAln~aAri I burned him with fire: (AZ, S:) or sabaA^a jilodahu, inf. n. sabo'N, He burned his skin; or, as some say, stripped it off: (M:) or sabaA^a Aljiloda he burned the skin: and sabaA^a signifies also he stripped off [skin], or he skinned. (K.) ― -b3- And sabaA^otu Alr~ajula, (inf. n. sabo'N, TA,) I flogged the man. (S, K. *) -A3- sabaA^a EalaY yamiynK kaA*ibapK, (S, M,) aor. , inf. n. sabo'N, (M,) He passed over a false oath [that he had sworn], not caring for it: (S): or he swore a false oath: and some say, sabaA^a EalaY yamiynK, aor. and inf. n. as above, meaning he passed over an oath [that he had sworn], lying. (M.) -A4- sabaA^a is also syn. with SaAfaHa [He took by the hand: &c.]: (O, K:) deemed by MF a strange meaning. (TA.) He (a man) was, or became, silent. (Sh, TA in art. rTm.) ― -b2- AsbA^ liA^amori A@ll~`hi He, (M, K,) or his heart, (L,) was, or became, submissive to the decree of God. (M, L, K.) ― -b3- And AsbA^ EalaY Al$~aYo'i His heart became in a bad state, or heavy, (xabuva, [so in the M and in a copy of the K, in the CK and TA xabata, and thus in my MS. copy of the K, but there altered from xabuva, app. on the authority of the TA, and I think it a mistranscription, although expl. in the TA as meaning AinoxaDaEa, which is a signification of A^axobata, the explanation of AsbA^ in the next preceding sentence,]) at the thing. (M, K.) It (the skin) was, or became, stripped. off. (S, M.) ― -b2- And It (a person's skin) peeled off, or became abraded. (TA.) see 1, first sentence. : see sabiyoy^apN -A2- tafar~aquwA A^ayodiY sabaA, and A^ayaAdiY sabaA, (M, K,) and with *ahabuwA in the place of tfr~qwA, (T, TA,) They became scattered, or dispersed, (K, TA,) and they went away in a state of dispersion, in the ways of Seba, (T, TA,) a people of El-Yemen, who were dispersed in consequence of the inundation of their lands by the bursting of their [famous] dam, (TA,) and who became proverbial on that account: (M, K, TA:) sabaA is here made indecl., (M, K, TA, [banuwhu in the CK being a mistranscription for banawohu, wherefore kmA tabad~ad has been there interpolated, immediately before banuwhu,]) with the last letter quiescent, and forms, with the preceding word, a compound like xamosapa Ea$ara [which implies that we should read A^ayodiY sabaA and A^ayaAdiYasabaA, but I have never found it thus written]: (TA:) it is not formed from sabaA^a by suppression of the ', but is a substitute for that word, (M, K, TA,) on account of the frequent use of this phrase. (M, TA.) [See also art. sbY.] A long, or far, journey, (IAar, T, M, K,) that alters one: (IAar, M, TA:) so termed because the sun alters him who makes a long journey. (T, TA. [See 1.]) You say, A_in~aka laturiydu suboA^apF Verily thou desirest a long journey, (IAar, M, K, *) that will alter thee. (IAar, M.) In the case of a short journey, you say, turiydu surobapF. (T, TA.) , (S, and so in a copy of the K,) or ↓ Als~abaAy^iy~apu; (so in another copy of the K and accord. to the CK;) MF says that the former is the correct term, but both are correct; (TA;) Certain of the gulaAp, (S, K, TA,) i. e. extravagant zealots of the class of innovators; a party of the gulaAp of the $iyEap [q. v.]; who are divided into eighteen sects: (TA:) they are so called in relation to Seba (sabaA^) the father of 'Abd-Allah, (K,) or in relation to 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Seba. (S.) [The purchase of wine;] a subst. from sabaA^a Alxamora; (S;) or an inf. n. (M, K, TA.) -A2- See also sabiyoy^apN, in two places. The skin, or slough, of a serpent; (K;) as also sabiY~N; for it is with, and without, '. (TA.) (S, M, K) and ↓ sibaA='N (M, K) and, accord. to Ks, ↓ sabaA^o, but the form commonly known is ↓ sibaA='N, with kesr to the s, and with medd, (IAmb, TA,) Wine, (S, M, K,) in an absolute sense; (TA;) or, [as is perhaps meant in the S,] wine that is bought to be drunk, not for merchandise. (Har p. 409, in explanation of the first word.) [See an ex. of the second in a verse of Lebeed cited in art. dkn: and see also sabiy~apN, in art. sbY.] : see Als~abay^iy~apu, above. A vintner, or seller of wine. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- [It is said in a marginal note in my MS. copy of the K that it signifies also A seller of graveclothes: but this is evidently a mistake, app. occasioned by a mistranscription, for say~aA=', with Y.] A road (S, K) in a mountain. (S.) sbt , (S, M, Msb,) aor. (S, Msb) only, (S,) or , (so written in a copy of the M,) [both of which are said by MF to be indicated, or implied, in the K, but this is not clearly the case,] inf. n. sabotN, (M, K, * TA,) He rested: (S, M, Msb, K: *) and ceased, or abstained, from works: (TA:) and was, or became, quiet, still, or motionless: (M, TA:) and ↓ Asbt signifies [the same, or] he was, or became, motionless: (S, TA:) Az says that sabata in the first of these senses is not known in the language of the Arabs: (TA:) [but J says that] the primary signification of subaAtN is “ rest: ” and hence the former of these verbs signifies he slept. (S.) ― -b2- And sabatati Alyahuwdu, (S, * A, K,) aor. (S, K) and , (K,) inf. n. sabotN, (S, K,) The Jews kept, or performed, the ordinances of their sabot [or sabbath]: (S, K: *) or sabatuwA, aor. (M, Msb) and , (M,) inf. n. sabotN; (Msb;) and ↓ AsbtwA; (S, M, Msb;) they entered upon the sabot [or sabbath]: (S, M:) or they (the Jews) ceased from seeking the means of subsistence, and the labouring to acquire gain. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 163], wayawoma laA yasobituwna And on the day when they were not keeping the ordinances of their sabot: (S:) where some read ↓ lA yusobituwna, from A^asobata; and some, ↓ lA yusobatuwna, in the pass. form, meaning when they were not made to enter upon [the observance of] the sabot. (Bd.) -A2- sabatato, aor. , inf. n. sabotN, She (a camel) went the pace termed sabotN meaning as expl. below. (M.) ― -b2- And sabotN signifies also The outstripping in running. (M.) -A3- And as inf. n. of sabata said of a man, (TK,) sabotN also signifies The being confounded, or perplexed, unable to see one's right course, (K, TA,) and being [therefore] silent, or lowering the eyes, looking towards the ground. (TA.) -A4- sabata Al$~aYo'a, (M, TA,) inf. n. sabotN, (M, A, Mgh, K,) i. q. qaTaEahu [meaning He cut the thing; or cut it off; severed it; and intercepted, or interrupted, it; put a stop, or an end, to it; or made it to cease; relating to ideal as well as real objects; for instance, to work, or action, as is shown in the TA]; (M, A, Mgh, K, TA;) as also ↓ sb~thu: expl. by Lh as relating particularly to necks. (M, TA.) [Hence,] sabata EilaAwatahu, (S, M,) inf. n. sabotN, (S, K,) He smote his neck [so as to decapitate him]: (S, M, K:) and subitato EilaAwatuhu, His head was cut off. (A. [This is there said to be tropical; but why, I do not see.]) ― -b2- And sabatati All~uqomapu HaloqiY, and ↓ sab~atatohu, i. q. qaTaEatohu [i. e. The morsel, or gobbet, obstructed, or stopped, my fauces]: but the verb without teshdeed is the more usual. (M, TA.) ― -b3- And sabata raA^osahu, (M, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. , (M, Msb, TA,) inf. n. sabotN, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) He shaved his head: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) and in like manner, sabata $aEarahu, he shaved off his hair; (TA;) as also ↓ sb~thu and ↓ Asbthu. (AA, TA in art. sbd.) ― -b4- And sabotN also signifies The letting down the hair, or letting it fall or hang down, after (lit. from, Ean,) [the twisting, or plaiting, termed] AlEaqoS. (S, K.) -A5- subita He (a man) was, or became, affected with [the kind, or degree, or semblance, of sleep termed] subaAt [q. v.]: (IAar, M, TA:) and (TA) he swooned: (Msb, TA:) and he became prostrated like him who is sleeping, generally closing his eyes; said of a sick man: (TA:) and also he died. (Msb, TA.) see 4: -A2- and see also 1, latter half, in three places. see 1, former half, in four places. ― -b2- Asbtt AlHay~apu, inf. n. A_isobaAtN The serpent was, or became, silent; or bent down its head, or lowered its eyes, looking towards the ground. (TA.) -A2- [Asbt It (a drug) produced the kind, or degree, or semblance, of sleep termed subaAt: and hence, it torpified, or benumbed: often used in this sense in medical works: and ↓ sb~t is also used in this sense in the present day.] -A3- See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. [It became cut off, interrupted, put a stop to, or put an end to, or it ceased: meanings indicated in this art. in the M and TA. ― -b2- ] It became extended: (K:) or long and extended, together with softness. (TA.) It is said in a description of the countenance of the Prophet, (TA,) kaAna fiY wajohihi A@nosibaAtN There was, in his face, length, and extension. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- It (a hide) became soft by the process of tanning. (IAar, TA.) ― -b4- Ansbtt Alr~uTabapu The date became wholly pervaded by ripeness: (M, TA:) and became soft. (TA.) And Ansbt Alr~uTabu The dates became all ripe, or ripe throughout. (M, TA.) Rest: (S, K:) and quiet, stillness, or freedom from motion. (TA.) [See 1, of which it is an inf. n.] See also subaAtN. ― -b2- Als~abotu, (M, K,) or yawomu Als~aboti, (S, Msb,) [The sabbath, or Saturday;] one of the days of the week; (M, K;) the seventh of those days: (M:) so called because the creation commenced on the first day of the week and continued to [the end of] Friday, and on the sbt there was no creation, the work having ceased thereon: or, as some say, because the Jews ceased thereon from work, and the management of affairs: (M, TA:) or because the days [of the week] end thereon: (S, TA:) Az says that he errs who asserts it to have been so called because God commanded the Children of Israel to rest thereon, and that God created the heavens and the earth in six days, whereof the last was Friday, then rested, and the work ceased, and therefore He named the seventh day ywm Alsbt: this, he says, is an error, because [he affirms that] sabata as meaning “ he rested ” is not known in the language of the Arabs, but signifies qaTaEa; and rest cannot be attributed to God, because He knows not fatigue, and rest is only after fatigue and work: (TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is A^asobutN and [of mult.] subuwtN: (S, M, Msb, K:) it has no dim. (Sb, S in art. Ams.) ― -b3- sabotN also means A week; from the sabot to the sabot [i. e. from the sabbath to the sabbath]: so in the saying, in a trad., famaA raA^ayonaA Al$~amosa sabotFA [And we saw not the sun for a week]: as when one says “ twenty autumns ” meaning “ twenty years: ” or it means in this instance a space of time, whether short or long. (TA.) ― -b4- I. q. burohapN [i. e. A space, or period, or a long space or period,] (M, K, TA) mina Ald~ahori [of time]: (TA:) so in the saying, A^aqamotu sabotFA [I remained, staid, dwelt, or abode, a space, or a long space, of time]; as also ↓ sabotapF and ↓ sanobatFA and ↓ sanobatatFA. (M, K.) ― -b5- And i. q. dahorN [meaning Time; or a long time; or a space, or period, of time, whether long or short; &c.]; as also ↓ subaAtN. (S, M, K.) And [hence] ↓ AibonaA subaAtK means (assumed tropical:) The night and the day: (S, M, K:) Ibn Ahmar says, wakun~aA wahumo kaA@bonaYo subaAtK tafar~aqaA siwFY vum~a kaAnaA munojidFA watahaAmiyaA [And we were, with them, like the night and the day that parted asunder alike, then became one going towards Nejd and one going towards Tihámeh]: (S, K:) such, they say, is the meaning: (S:) or, as IB says, on the authority of Aboo-Jaafar Mohammad Ibn-Habeeb, AbnA sbAt were two men, one of whom saw the other in a dream, and then one of them awoke in Nejd, and the other in Tihámeh: or they were two brothers, one of whom went to the east to see where the sun rose, and the other to the west to see where it set. (L, TA.) -A2- Also A certain pace (S, M, K) of camels: (S, K:) or a quick pace: (TA:) or i. q. EanaqN [q. v.]: (AA, S:) or a pace exceeding that termed AlEanaqu. (M.) -A3- A swift, or an excellent, horse; (K, TA;) that runs much. (TA.) ― -b2- A boy, or young man, of bad disposition, or illnatured, and bold, or daring. (K) ― -b3- A man cunning, i. e. possessing intelligence, or sagacity, or intelligence mixed with craft and forecast; and excellent in judgment; or very cunning &c.; (K, TA;) silent, or lowering his eyes, looking towards the ground; (TA;) and ↓ subaAtN signifies the same. (K, TA.) ― -b4- A man who sleeps much; (K;) i. e. kaviyru Als~ubaAti. (TA.) See also masobuwtN. -A4- See also what next follows. A certain plant, resembling the xiTomiY~ [or marsh-mallow]; (Kr, M, K;) as also ↓ sabotN, (K [there expressly said to be with fet-h],) or ↓ sibotN: (M [so written in a copy of that work]:) said to be a certain plant used for tanning. (MF.) See the next paragraph. The hides, or skins, of oxen; (M, K;) whether tanned or not tanned: so some say: (M:) or (so accord. to the M, in the K and TA “ and, ” but the w is omitted in the CK,) any tanned hide; (As, AA, M, K;) said to be so called [because the tanning removes the hair,] from Als~abotu, “ the act of shaving: ” (AA, TA:) or such. as is tanned with qaraZ [q. v.]: (M, K:) or only ox-hides tanned: so says AHn on the authority of As and AZ: (TA:) or ox-hides tanned with qaraZ, (S, Mgh,) whereof are made [the sandals called] ↓ niEaAlN siboty~apN: (S) these are hence thus called: (Mgh:) they are sandals having no hair upon them: (M, Msb:) or sandals tanned with qraZ: (AA, TA:) accord. to Az, they are thus called because their hair has been shaven off (subita, i. e. Huliqa,) and removed by a wellknown process in tanning, (Mgh, * TA,) so that they are soft; and they are of the sandals of people that lead a life of ease and softness: (Mgh:) IAar says that they are thus called because of their having become soft by the tanning: accord. to this, they should be called ↓ sabotiy~ap; and so accord. to a saying of EdDáwoodee, that they are called in relation to suwqu Als~aboti [“ the Market of the Sabbath ”]: it is also said that they are called in relation to the ↓ subot, with damm, which is a plant used for tanning therewith; so that they should be called ↓ subotiy~ap, unless the appellation be an instance of a rel. n. deviating from its source of derivation [or unless this plant be also termed sibotN, as it is accord. to a copy of the M]: (TA:) see subotN. It is related of the Prophet, that he saw a man walking among the graves wearing his sandals, and said, yaA SaAHiba Als~ibotayni AixolaEo sibotayoka [meaning (tropical:) O wearer of the pair of sandals of sibot, pull off thy pair of sandals of sibot]: (S, * TA:) and accord. to the A, they are thus termed tropically: it is like the saying “ Such a one wears wool, and cotton, and silk; ” meaning “ garments made thereof; ” as is said in the Nh: but, as some relate it, what he said was, ↓ yaA SaAHiba Als~ibotiy~ayoni, the last of these words being a rel. n.; and thus it is found in the handwriting of Az, in his book. (TA.) , (M, L, K,) like filiz~N, (TA,) [in a copy of the M erroneously written sibot,] A certain plant; [anethum graveolens, or dill, of the common garden-species;] an arabicized word, from [the Pers.] $ibit~ [or $ibito]: (AHn, M, L:) or i. q. $ibit~N; both words arabicized from $iwi*o [or $iwido]: (K:) asserted by some to be the same as san~uwtN [q. v.]: (M, L:) Az says that $ibit~N, the name of a well-known herb, or leguminous plant, is an arabicized word; that he had heard the people of El-Bahreyn call it sibit~N, with the unpointed s, and with t; that it is originally, in Pers., $iwi*o; and that it has another dial. var., namely, sbT [i. e. sibiT~N]. (El-Jawáleekee, TA.) : see sabotN, in the middle of the paragraph. -A2- Also Goats, collectively. (K.) A [desert such as is termed] SaHoraA=': (AZ, K:) or A^aroDN sabotaA='u is like SaHoraA='u: or a land in which are no trees: (M:) and i. q. ↓ masobuwtapN [i. e. a bare land; as though shorn of its herbage]: (TA:) pl. sabaAtiY~u. (M.) ― -b2- Also, [in like manner] a fem. epithet, Having spreading, or expanded, ears, whether long or short. (K.) One who fasts alone on the sabot [i. e. sabbath, or Saturday]: thus in the saying mentioned by Th, on the authority of IAar, laA taku sabotiy~FA [Be not thou one who fasts &c.]. (M.) , and sabotiy~apN, and subotiy~apN; and the dual. of sibotiY~N, applied to a pair of sandals: see sibotN, in four places. , with kesr, Foolish, stupid, or of little sense; (K, TA;) confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; without understanding. (TA.) primarily signifies Rest [like sabotN]: (S, Msb:) and hence, sleep: (S, K:) or heavy sleep: (Msb:) or sleep that is hardly perceptible (xafiY~, M, K, [in some copies of the K, as mentioned by Freytag, xafiyf, i. e. light,]), like a swoon: (M:) or the commencement of sleep in the head [and its continuance] until it reaches the heart: (Th, M, K:) or the sleep of one who is sick; i. e. light sleep: (TA:) and ↓ sabotN signifies the same as subaAtN. (T, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [lxxviii. 9, and in like manner the word is used in xxv. 49], wajaEalonaA nawomakumo subaAtFA; (S;) i. e. qaToEFA; as though a man, when he slept, were cut off from [the rest of] mankind: (IAar, TA:) or sbAt is when one is cut off, or ceases, from motion, while the soul still remains in the body; i. e., the text means, And we have made your sleep to be rest unto you: (Zj, TA:) or we have made your sleep to be a cutting off from sensation and motion, for rest to the animal forces, and for causing their weariness to cease: or, to be death: (Bd:) or, to be rest unto your bodies by the interruption of labour, or work. (Jel.) -A2- See also sabotN, latter half, in three places. A she-camel that goes the pace termed sabotN: or constantly going the pace termed EanaqN. (M.) , (S, M, K,) as also sabanodFY, (S,) Bold, or daring; (S, M, K;) as an epithet applied to anything [i. e. man or brute]: the Y is added to render it quasi-coordinate to the class of quinqueliteral-radical words, not to denote the fem. gender, for it receives p as a termination [to denote the fem.], becoming sabanotaApN; (S;) and has tenween. (TA.) A poet applies the fem. epithet to a she-camel. (S.) ― -b2- Also The leopard; (S, M, K;) so too with p; (AHeyth, L in art. sbd;) and so sabanodFY: probably thus called because of his boldness, or daringness: (S:) or, as some ay, the lion: fem. with p: or the fem, signifies a bold, or daring, lioness: or a she-camel of bold, or daring, breast; but this last is not of valid authority: (M:) and a beast of prey [absolutely]: (L in art. syd:) pl. sabaAnitu; (K, TA;) and some of the Arabs make sabaAtiY [or rather sabaAtK] to be its pl. (TA.) ― -b3- The fem. also, applied to a woman, signifies Sharp in tongue; or clamorous; or clamorous and foul-tongued; or long-tongued and vehemently clamorous. (TA.) : see sabotN, in the middle of the paragraph. : see sabotN, in the middle of the paragraph. Motionless; not moving. (S, K.) ― -b2- And, accord. to the L and K, Entering upon the day called Als~abotu [i. e. the sabbath]: but correctly, entering upon the observance of the sabot [or sabbath]. (TA.) Affected with [the kind, or degree, or semblance, of sleep termed] subaAt [q. v.]: (IAar, M:) or affected with a swoon: and, applied to a sick man, prostrated like him who is sleeping, generally closing his eyes: (S:) or confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: (Msb:) and ↓ sabotN signifies the same as masobuwtN; as in the saying, cited by As, yuSobiHu maxomuwrFA wayumosiY sabotaA [He is in the morning affected with the remains of intoxication, and he is in the evening affected with sleep, or heavy sleep, &c.]. (T, TA.) ― -b2- Also Dead. (S, K.) -A2- raA^osN masobuwtN [A head cut off.] (A.) ― -b2- A^aroDN masobuwtapN: see sabotaA='u. Dates that have become all ripe, or ripe throughout. (S, K.) And raTabapN munosabitapN [A date that is ripe throughout: and also] a soft date. (TA.) sbH , aor. , inf. n. saboHN (Msb, K) and sibaAHapN, (S, * K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) He swam, syn. EaAma, (S, * K,) biAln~ahori and fiyhi [in the river], (K,) or rather biAlmaA='i (MF, TA) or fY AlmaA='i (Msb) [i. e. in the water], for it is likewise in the sea, and in a pool, and also in any expanse: (MF, TA:) [or he swam upon the surface, without immersing himself; for,] accord. to Z, there is a difference between EawomN and sibaAHapN; the former signifying the “ coursing along in water with immersion of oneself; ” and the latter, the coursing along upon water without immersion of oneself. (MF, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Aln~ujuwmu tasobaHu fiY Alfalaki (A, TA) (tropical:) The stars [swim, or glide along, or] pass along, in the firmament, with a spreading forth. (TA.) It is said in the Kur xxi. 34 and xxxvi. 40, with reference to the sun and the moon, (Bd and Jel in xxi. 34,) with which the stars are meant to be included, (Jel ibid.,) kul~N fiY falakK yasobaHuwna, i. e. (assumed tropical:) All [glide or] travel along swiftly, [in a firmament,] like the swimmer (Bd and Jel ibid.) upon the surface of the water, (Bd ibid.,) or in the water; (Jel ibid.;) wherefore the form of the verb used is that which is appropriate to rational beings, (Bd and Jel ibid.,) swimming being the act of such beings. (Bd ibid.) ― -b3- And [hence] one says, sabaHa *ikoruka Al$~amosi wa Alqamari ↓ masaAbiHa (tropical:) [Thy fame has travelled as far as the sun and the moon; lit., swum along the tracts along which swim the sun and the moon]. (A, TA.) ― -b4- [Hence, likewise, as inf. n. of sabaHa, aor. as above,] saboHN also signifies (tropical:) The running of a horse (S, L, K, * TA) in which the fore legs are stretched forth well [like as are the arms of a man in swimming]. (L, K, * TA.) ― -b5- And (assumed tropical:) The being quick, or swift. (MF.) ― -b6- And (assumed tropical:) The being, or becoming, remote. (MF.) ― -b7- And (assumed tropical:) The travelling far. (K.) You say, sabaHa fiY AlA^aroDi (assumed tropical:) He went, or travelled, far, in, or into, the land, or country: (O, TA:) and sabaxa: both thus expl. by Abu-l-Jahm El-Jaafaree. (TA.) ― -b8- And (assumed tropical:) The journeying for the purpose of traffic (taqal~ub [q. v.]); and [a people's] becoming scattered, or dispersed, in the land, or earth. (K.) And (assumed tropical:) The busying oneself in going to and fro, or seeking gain, (IAar, TA,) and occupying oneself according to his own judgment or discretion, in the disposal or management of affairs, in respect of the means of subsistence. (IAar, S, K, TA.) You say, fulaAnN yasobaHu Aln~ahaAra kul~ahu fiY Talabi AlmaEaA$i (tropical:) [Such a one busies himself in going to and fro, or occupies himself according to his own judgment or discretion, in seeking the means of subsistence]. (A, TA.) And sabaHa fiY HawaAy^ijihi (assumed tropical:) He occupied himself according to his own judgment or discretion in the accomplishment of his needful affairs. (Msb.) ― -b9- As used in the Kur [lxxiii. 7], where it is said, A_in~a laka fiY Aln~ahaAri saboHFA TawiylFA, it is variously explained: (S, TA:) accord. to Katádeh (S) and El-Muärrij, (S, TA,) the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) [Verily thou hast in the day-time] long freedom from occupation; (S, K, * TA;) and in this sense, also, its verb is sabaHa, aor. : (JM:) [thus it has two contr. significations:] or, accord. to Lth, (assumed tropical:) leisure for sleep: (TA:) accord. to AO, the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) long-continued scope, or room, for free action; syn. mutaqal~abFA TawiylFA: and accord. to ElMuärrij, it means also (assumed tropical:) coming and going: (S, TA:) accord. to Fr, the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) thou hast in the day-time the accomplishment of thy needful affairs: (TA:) or the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) [long] occupation of thyself in thy affairs of business; not being free from occupation therein for the reciting of the Kur-án. (Jel.) Some read saboxFA, which has nearly the same meaning as saboHFA. (Zj, TA.) ― -b10- As inf. n. of sabaHa, (TK,) it signifies also (assumed tropical:) The state of sleeping. (K.) And as such also, (TK,) (assumed tropical:) The being still, quiet, or motionless. (K.) ― -b11- [Also (assumed tropical:) The glistening of the mirage.] You say, sabaHa Als~araAbu, or AlA=lu, meaning lamaEa [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The mirage glistened]. (O.) ― -b12- And (assumed tropical:) The digging, or burrowing, in the earth, or ground. (K, * TA.) You say of the jerboa, sabaHa fiY AlA^aroDi (assumed tropical:) He dug, or burrowed, in the earth, or ground. (O, TA.) ― -b13- And (assumed tropical:) The being profuse in speech. (K.) You say, sabaHa fiY AlkalaAmi (assumed tropical:) He was profuse in speech. (O, TA.) ― -b14- See also the next paragraph. in two places. signifies The declaring [God] to be far removed, or free, from every imperfection or impurity, or from everything derogatory from [his] glory; syn. tanoziyhN, (S, O, Msb, TA,) and taqodiysN: (Msb:) the magnifying, celebrating, lauding, or praising, and glorifying, God; and declaring Him to be far removed, or free, from everything evil. (TA.) You say, sab~aHa A@ll~`ha, (T, A, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and sb~H lil~`hi, (Kur lvii. 1 &c., and A,) in which the l is redundant, (Jel in lvii. 1 &c.,) inf. n. tasobiyHN, and suboHaAnN is a subst. that [sometimes] stands in the place of the inf. n., (T, TA,) or it is an inf. n. of which the verb is sabaHa, (K, TA,) He declared God to be far removed, or free, from every imperfection or impurity &c., (A, Mgh, TA,) or from what they say [of Him] who disacknowledge [his attributes]; (Msb;) [i. e. he declared, or celebrated, or extolled, the perfection or purity, or absolute glory, of God;] and he magnified, celebrated, lauded, or praised, God, by the mention of his names, saying suboHaAna A@ll~`hi and the like: (Msb:) and sb~H [alone], (Mgh, K,) inf. n. tasobiyHN, (K,) he said suboHaAna A@ll~`hi; (Mgh, K;) as also ↓ sabaHa, inf. n. suboHaAnN; (K, TA;) the latter, which is like $akara, inf. n. $ukoraAnN, a dial. var. mentioned by ISd; and no regard should be paid to the saying of Ibn-Ya'eesh and others, that sbHAn is an inf. n. of which the verb is obsolete: accord to El-Mufaddal, suboHaAnN is the inf. n. of ↓ sabaHa signifying he raised his voice with supplication, or prayer, and magnification or celebration or praise [of God, as when one says suboHaAna A@ll~`hi or the like]; and he cites as an ex., qabaHa A@loA_il`hu wajuwha tagoliba kul~amaA sabaHa AlHajiyju wa kab~aruwA A_iholaAlaA [May God remove far from good, or prosperity, or success, the persons (wujuwha here meaning nufuwsa) of the tribe of Teghlib, whenever the pilgrims raise their voices with supplication, &c., and say Aall~`hu A^akobaro, ejaculating lab~ayoka]. (MF, TA.) wanaHonu nusab~iHu biHamodika, in the Kur ii. 28, is a phrase denotative of state, (Ksh, Bd, Jel,) meaning While we declare thy remoteness from evil [of every kind], (Ksh, Bd,) or while we say suboHaAna A@ll~`hi, (Jel,) praising Thee, (Ksh,) [or with the praising of Thee, i. e.] making the praising of Thee to be an accompaniment, or adjunct, to our doing that: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) so that we are the more worthy to be appointed thy vice-agents. (Ksh, * Bd, * Jel.) fasab~iHo biA@somi rab~ika AlEaZiymi, in the Kur lvi. 73 and last verse, means Therefore declare thou the remoteness from what is unsuitable to his majesty by mentioning the name of thy Lord, or by mentioning the Lord, for the pronouncing of the name of a thing is the mentioning of it, [i. e., of the thing itself,] the great name, or the great Lord: (Bd:) or it means therefore pray thou commencing with, or uttering, the name of thy Lord [the great name or Lord]: (Kull p. 211:) [for] ― -b2- tasobiyHN also signfies The act of praying. (K, Msb.) You say, sab~aHa meaning He prayed. (A, Mgh.) And [particularly] He performed the [supererogatory] prayer of [the period termed] AlD~uHaY. (TA.) And fulaAnN yusab~iHu A@ll~`ha, i. e. ↓ yuSal~iY Als~aboHapa, meaning Such a one performs prayer to God, either obligatory or supererogatory: [but generally the latter: (see suboHapN:)] and yusab~iHu EalaY raAHilatihi performs supererogatory prayer [upon his camel that he is riding]. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [iii. 36], wasab~iHo biA@loEa$iY~i waA@loA_ibokaAra, i. e. And pray thou [in the evening, or the afternoon, and the early morning]. (TA.) And it is related of 'Omar, A^an~ahu jalada rajulayoni sab~aHaA baEoda AlEaSori, meaning [That he flogged two men] who prayed [after the prescribed time of the afternoon-prayer]. (S, TA.) You say also, biyadihi yusab~iHu bihaA ↓ suboHapN [i. e. In his hand is a string of beads by the help of which he repeats the praises of God: see suboHapN, below]. (A, Msb. *) ― -b3- Also The making an exception, by saying A_ino $aA='a A@ll~`hu [If God will]: because, by so saying, one magnifies God, and acknowledges that one should not will unless God will: and thus is expl. the saying in the Kur [lxviii. 28], A^alamo A^aqulo lakumo lawo laA tusab~iHuwna [Did I not say to you, Wherefore will ye not make an exception? addressed to the owners of a garden, who “ swore that they would certainly cut its fruit when they should be entering upon the time of morning, they not making an exception ”]. (TA.) , [inf. n. musaAbaHapN,] i. q. raAsaAhu, (T and K in art. rsw,) i. e. He swam with him. (TK in that art.) [And app. also He vied, or contended, with him in swimming.] He made him to swim (K, TA) fiY AlmaA='i [in the water] or fawoqa AlmaA='i [upon the water]. (TA.) Garments of skins: (K:) or, accord. to Sh, sibaAHN, which is the pl., signifies shirts of skins, for boys: AO corrupted the word, relating it as written subojapN, with j, and with damm to the s; whereas this signifies “ a black [garment of the kind called] kisaA=': ” and a verse cited by him as presenting an ex. of its pl., in its last word, is from a poem of which each verse has for its fundamental rhyme-letter the unpointed H: ISd, in art. sbj, mentions sibaAjN as signifying “ garments of skin, ” and having sbjp for its sing.; but says that the word with the unpointed H is of higher authority; though he also states it, in the same art., to have been corrupted by AO. (TA.) ― -b2- [A meaning belonging to suboHapN (q. v.) is assigned in some copies of the K to saboHapN.] -A2- Als~aboHapu, (K,) or saboHapu, from saAbiHN as an epithet applied to a horse, or mare, (IAth, TA,) is a proper name of A horse, or mare, belonging to the Prophet: (IAth, K, TA:) and of another belonging to Jaafar the son of Aboo- Tálib; (K;) or this was a mare named samoHapu: (O:) and of another belonging to another. (K.) Beads (S, Msb, K, TA) strung (Msb, TA) upon a string or thread, (TA,) [ninety-nine in number, and having a mark after each thirtythree,] with which (by counting them, K) one performs the act termed Alt~asobiyH [meaning the repetition of the praises of God, generally consisting in repeating the words suboHaAna A@ll~`ho thirtythree times, AlHamodu lil~`ho thirty-three times, and Aall~`hu A^akobaro thirty-three times, which is done by many persons after the ordinary prayers, as a supererogatory act]: (S, A, Msb, K:) its appellation implies that it is an Arabic word; but Az says that it is post-classical: its pl. is subaHN (Msb) and subuHaAtN also. (Har p. 133.) See 2, last sentence but one. ― -b2- Also Invocation of God; or supplication: (K:) and prayer, (A, Msb,) whether obligatory or supererogatory: (Msb:) or supererogatory praise; (S;) and supererogatory prayer; (S, A, Mgh, K;) because of the tasobiyHN therein. (Mgh.) You say, fulaAnN yuSal~iY Als~uboHapa, expl. above; see 2, in the latter part of the paragraph. (Msb.) And qaDaYsuboHatahu He performed, or finished, his prayer: (A:) or qaDayotu suboHatiY means I performed, or finished, my supererogatory praise and such prayer. (S.) And Sal~aY Als~uboHapa He performed the supererogatory prayer: (A:) and suboHapa AlD~uHaY [the supererogatory prayer of the period termed AlD~uHaY]. (Msb.) ― -b3- suboHapu A@ll~`hi, (IAth, K, TA,) with damm, (TA, [but in my MS. copy of the K written saboHap, and so in the CK,]) means (assumed tropical:) The greatness, or majesty, of God: (IAth, K, TA:) or [the pl.] Als~ubuHaAtu, occurring in a trad., means (assumed tropical:) the greatness, or majesty, and the light [or splendour], of God: (Msb:) or by the saying subuHaAtu wajohi rab~inaA, with damm to the s and b, is meant (assumed tropical:) the greatness, or majesty, of the face of our Lord: (S:) or subuHaAtu wajohi A@ll~`hi means (assumed tropical:) the lights [or splendours], (K,) or, accord. to ISh, the light [or splendour], (TA,) of the face of God: (ISh, K, TA:) some say that subuHaAtu Alwajohi means (assumed tropical:) the beauties of the face; because, when you see a person of beautiful face, you say, suboHaAna A@ll~`hi [to express your admiration]: and some, that [when it relates to God] it denotes a declaration of his being far removed from every imperfection; meaning suboHaAna wajohihi. (TA. [See suboHaAn.]) One says, [addressing God,] A^asoA^aluka bisubuHaAti wajohika Alkariymi, with two dammehs, meaning (tropical:) [I ask Thee] by the evidences of thy greatness, or majesty, [or of the greatness, or majesty, of thy glorious face,] by the acknowledgement whereof thy praise is celebrated. (A.) ― -b4- Als~ubuHaAtu also signifies (assumed tropical:) The places of prostration [probably meaning in the reciting of the Kur-án]. (K.) -A2- Also, i. e. [the sing.,] suboHapN, A piece of cotton. (TA.) is the inf. n. of sabaHa as syn. with sab~aHa [q. v.]; (K, TA;) and is a subst. that [sometimes] stands in the place of the inf. n. of the latter of these verbs, i. e. in the sense of tasobiyHN. (T, TA.) ― -b2- suboHaAna is a proper name in the sense of Alt~asobiyH, and [for this reason, and also because it ends with A and n,] it is imperfectly decl., and is also invariable; being put in the accus. case in the manner of an inf. n. (Mgh.) You say suboHaAna A@ll~`hi, meaning I declare [or celebrate or extol] the remoteness, or freedom, of God [from every imperfection or impurity, or from everything derogatory from his glory, i. e.] from the imputation of there being any equal to Him, or any companion, or anything like unto Him, or anything contrary to Him; or from everything that should not be imputed to Him: (L:) [I declare, or celebrate, or extol, his absolute perfection or glory or purity: or extolled be his absolute perfection &c.:] or I declare the remoteness of God, or his freedom (baraA='ap), from evil, (Zj, * S, K, TA,) or from every evil; (TA;) and [especially] from the imputation of his having a female companion, and offspring: (K:) or I declare God's being very far removed from all the foul imputations of those who assert a plurality of gods: (MF:) [it sometimes implies wonder, and may well be rendered how far is God from every imperfection! &c.:] in this case, sbHAn is a determinate noun; (K;) i. e., a generic proper name, for Alt~asobiyH, like as bar~apu is for Albir~u. (MF:) Zj says, (TA,) it is put in the accus. case in the manner of an inf. n.; (S, K;) i. e., as the absolute complement of a verb understood; the phrase with the verb supplied being A^usab~iHu A@ll~`ha suboHaAnahu; (MF;) meaning A^ubar~iy^u A@ll~`ha mina Als~uwo'i baraA='apF; (S, K, MF;) sbHAn thus supplying the place of the verb: accord. to Ibn-El-Hájib and others, when it is prefixed to another noun or pronoun, governing it in the gen. case, it is a quasi-inf. n.; and when not so prefixed, it is a proper name, imperfectly decl.: but to this it is objected that a proper name may be thus prefixed for the purpose of distinction, as in the instances of HaAtimu Tay~iy^K and zayodu AlfawaArisi: some say that it is an inf. n. of an obsolete verb; but this assertion is not to be regarded; for, as an inf. n., its verb is sabaHa, like $akara of which the inf. n. is $ukoraAnN: others say that it may be an inf. n. of sab~aHa, though far from being agreeable with analogy: and some derive it from Als~aboHu as signifying “ the act of swimming, ” or “ the being quick, or swift, ” or “ the being, or becoming, remote, ” &c.: (MF:) [hence F adds,] or the phrase above-mentioned denotes quickness in betaking oneself to God, and agility in serving, or obeying, Him; [and therefore may be rendered I betake myself quickly to the service of God, and am prompt in obeying Him;] (K;) so accord. to ISh, to whom a man presented himself in a dream, and indicated this explanation of the phrase, deriving it from sabaHa Alfarasu [“ the horse ran stretching forth his fore legs, as one does with his arms in swimming ”]. (L.) fasuboHaAna A@ll~`hi Hiyna tumosuwna waHiyna tuSobiHuwnu, [in which sbHAn is used in the place of the inf. n. of sab~aHa, and sab~iHuwA is understood before it,] in the Kur [xxx. 16], means Therefore perform ye prayer to God [or declare ye the remoteness of God from every imperfection &c.] when ye enter upon the time of evening and when ye enter upon the time of daybreak. (Fr, TA.) And suboHaAna A@ll~`hi Eam~aA yaSifowna, in the Kur xxiii. 93, means Far [or how far] is God from that by which they describe Him! (Jel.) One says also, suboHaAnaka A@ll~`hum~a wabiHamodika, meaning sab~aHotuka bijamiyEi A=laAy^ika wabiHamodika sab~aHotuka [i. e. I glorify Thee by enumerating all thy benefits, and by the praising of Thee I glorify Thee]. (Mgh. [See also the prep. bi.]) ― -b3- suboHaAna mino ka*aA, (Msb, K,) or suboHaAna A@ll~`hi mino ka*aA, (S,) and suboHaAna mino fulaAnK, (A,) are (tropical:) phrases expressive of wonder (S, A, Msb, K) at a thing (S, Msb, K) and a person; (A;) originating from God's being glorified (A^ano yusab~aHa A@ll~`hu) at the sight of what is wonderful of his works, and afterwards, by reason of its being frequently said, employed in relation to anything at which one wonders; (Er-Radee, TA;) meaning (assumed tropical:) [I wonder greatly (lit., with wondering) at such a thing and such a person; as is shown by what follows; or] how extraordinary, or strange, is such a thing [and such a person!]. (Msb.) El-Aashà says, A^aquwlu lam~aA jaA='aniY faxoruhu suboHaAna mino Ealoqamapa AlfaAxir (S, Msb *) (assumed tropical:) [I saying, when his boasting reached me, I wonder greatly at' Alkameh the boasting]; i. e. AlEajabu minohu, (S,) or [rather] EajabFA lahu [for A^aEojabu EaHabFA lahu], lit. I wonder with wondering at him; (Msb;) [or how extraordinary a person is 'Alkameh the boasting !:] sbHAn being without tenween because it is regarded by them as a determinate noun, and having a resemblance to a fem. noun: (S:) [though in what quality it resembles a fem. noun, except in its being of one of the measures of broken pls., I do not know:] or it is imperfectly decl. because it is a determinate noun, being a proper name for AlbaraA='ap (IJ, IB) and Alt~anoziyh, (IJ,) and because of the addition of the A and n: (IJ, IB:) this is the true reason: but some hold that it is rendered determinate by its being prefixed to a noun understood, governing it in the gen. case; the complete phrase being suboHaAna A@ll~`hi mino Ealoqamapa. (MF.) ― -b4- suboHaAnFA, thus with tenween, as an indeterminate noun, occurs in the phrase suboHaAnahu vum~a suboHaAnFA, in a poem of Umeiyeh. (IB.) -A2- suboHaAn is also used in the sense of nafos, in the saying A^anota A^aEolamu bimaA fiY suboHaAnika [Thou art possessed of more, or most, knowledge of that which is in thine own mind]. (K.) : see saAbiHN, in three places. an inf. n., (K,) or a simple subst., (Msb,) from sabaHa; (Msb, K;) Natation; or the act [or art] of swimming: (S, A, Msb, * K:) or the coursing along upon water without immersion of oneself. (MF, TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) : see saAbiHN, in two places. , also pronounced sab~uwHN, (T, S, Msb, K, &c.,) the latter the more agreeable with analogy, but the former the more common, (Th, T, S, Msb, *) one of the epithets applied to God, (T, S, A, Msb, * K,) because He is an object of tasobiyH, (K,) and [often] immediately followed by qud~uwsN, (A, Msb, K,) which is likewise also pronounced qad~uwsN, though the former pronunciation is the more common: (Th, T, S, Msb: *) it signifies [All-perfect, all-pure, or all-glorious; i. e.] far removed, or free, from everything evil, (Zj, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and from every imperfection [and the like]. (Msb. [See 2, and see also suboHaAna A@ll~`hi.]) It is said (S, Msb) by Th (S) that there is no word like the two epithets above, of the measure fE~uwl with damm as well as with fet-h to the first letter, except *r~wH: (S, Msb:) but the following similar instances have been pointed out: st~wq among epithets, and *r~wH and $b~wT and fr~wj and sf~wd and kl~wb among substs. (TA.) Sb says, layosa fiY AlkalaAmi fuE~awolN biwaAHidapK [expl. voce *ur~aAHN]: (S:) [or] accord. to AHei, Sb said that there is no epithet of the measure fuE~uwlN except sub~uwHN and qud~uwsN: Lh mentions sut~uwqN also, as an epithet applied to a diroham, as well as sat~uwqN. (TA.) : see Almusab~iHapu, in two places. and ↓ sab~aAHN (Msb, K) and ↓ sabuwHN (K) are part. ns., or epithets, from sabaHa in the first of the senses assigned to it above: (Msb, K:) [the first signifies Swimming, or a swimmer:] the second has an intensive signification [i. e. one who swims much, or a great swimmer; as also the third]: (Msb:) the pl. of the first, accord. to IAar, not of the first and last as it appears to be accord. to the K, is subaHaA='u: (MF:) that of the second is sab~aAHuwna: (K:) and that of the third is subuHN or sibaAHN, the former reg., and the latter irreg. (MF.) ― -b2- Als~aAbiHaAt, (K, &c.,) in the Kur [lxxix. 3], accord. to Az, (TA,) means The ships: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) the souls of the believers A^arowaAHu Almuw^ominiyna [for which Golius seems to have found in a copy of the K A^azowaAju Almuw^ominiyna, for he gives as an explanation piæ et fidelium uxores,,]) (K, TA) which go forth with ease: or (assumed tropical:) the angels that swim, or glide, (tasobaHu,) from (mn [app. a mistranscription for bayona between]) the heaven and the earth: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) the stars, (K,) which swim, or glide along, (tasobaHu,) in the firmament, like the saAbiH in water. (TA.) [The meanings fœminæ jejunantes and veloces equi and planetæ, assigned to this word by Golius as on the authority of the KL, are in that work assigned to saAy^iHaAt; the first of them as the meaning of this word in the Kur lxvi. 5.] And you say nujuwmN sawaAbiHu (tropical:) [Stars gliding along in the firmament: swAbH being a pl. of saAbiHN applied to an irrational thing, and of saAbiHapN]. (A.) ― -b3- saAbiHN is also applied as an epithet to a horse, (S, IAth, A, L,) meaning (tropical:) That stretches forth his fore legs well in running [like as one does the arms in swimming]; (S, * IAth, L;) and in like manner ↓ sabuwHN [but in an intensive sense]: (A, L:) the pl. [of the former] is sawaAbiHu and sub~aHN. (A.) And sawaAbiHu also signified (tropical:) Horses; (K, TA;) as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; (TA;) because they thus stretch forth their fore legs in running. (K, * TA.) Hence, (TA,) ↓ Als~abuwHu is the name of A horse of Rabeea Ibn-Jusham. (K, TA.) And in like manner, ↓ Als~ab~aAHu is the name of A celebrated courser: (TA:) and of A certain camel. (K, TA.) and tasaAbiyHu [pls. of tasobiyHapN A single act of tasobiyH: see 2]. (A.) [ A place of swimming, &c.: pl. masaAbiHu.] ― -b2- See an ex. of the pl. in the first paragraph of this art. , accord. to AA and the K, applied as an epithet to a [garment of the kind called] kisaA=', means Strong: and accord. to the former, musab~ajN, so applied, means “ made wide. ” (TA.) [act. part. n. of 2]. falawolaA A^an~ahu kaAna mina Almusab~iHiyna, in the Kur [xxxvii. 143], means And had he not been of the performers of prayer, (A, * Mgh, Msb, K, *) as some say. (Mgh.) (A, Msb, TA) and ↓ Als~ab~aAHapu (A, TA) (tropical:) [The index, or fore finger;] the finger that is next the thumb: (Msb, TA:) so called because it is like the glorifier when one makes a sign with it [by raising it] when declaring [the unity of] the divine essence. (Msb, TA. *) One says, A^a$aAra A_ilayohi biAlmusab~iHapi and ↓ biAls~ab~aAHapi (tropical:) [He pointed towards him, or it, with the fore finger]. (A, TA.) sbx , (JK, A, Msb,) aor. , inf. n. sabaxN; (Msb;) and ↓ Asbxt; (JK, A, Msb, K;) The land, or earth, exuded water and produced salt: (JK, K:) or was, or became, salt; had in it salt. (A, Msb.) And sabixa AlmakaAnu, inf. n. as above, The place produced salt, and was such that the feet sank in it. (TA.) -A2- See also 2. -A3- saboxN, an inf. n. of which the verb is sabaxa, aor. , (TK,) means also (assumed tropical:) The being in a state of sleep: (AA, S:) and ↓ tasobiyxN (assumed tropical:) The sleeping soundly: (S:) or both have this meaning: (K:) or the former signifies (assumed tropical:) the being in a state of rest, and easing the body by sleep: (IAar, L:) and ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) the sleeping every hour: (TA:) and the former signifies also (assumed tropical:) the being unoccupied, at leisure, or free from work or business; (AA, S, K;) and so ↓ the latter. (K.) In the Kur lxxiii. 7, some read saboxFA [instead of saboHFA, q. v.]; (S, K;) meaning (assumed tropical:) rest, and easing of the body by sleep; (IAar, L;) and said by Fr to be from tasobiyxN, in the first of the senses expl. in the next paragraph: (L:) or (assumed tropical:) freedom from occupation or work or business. (S.) Accord to Zj, Als~aboHu and Als~aboxu are nearly the same in meaning. (TA.) You say also saboxN mino nawomK and ma$oYK and Har~K [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) A ceasing from sleeping and from walking or journeying and of heat]. (JK.) ― -b2- And sabaxotu Aln~awoma, inf. n. saboxN, (assumed tropical:) [I slept long; or] I lengthened sleeping. (JK.) ― -b3- And sabaxotu fiY AlA^aroDi (assumed tropical:) I went, or travelled, far, in, or into, the land, or country; (JK, K, * TA;) like sabaHotu. (TA.) [inf. n. of sb~x] The separating, or plucking asunder, and loosening, of cotton, and making it [or spreading it out] wide. (Fr, L.) ― -b2- And The winding of cotton and the like, (K, TA,) such as wool, and soft hair (wabar), after the separating and loosening, for a woman to spin it; (TA;) [as also saboxN, inf. n. of ↓ sabaxa; see sabiyxN.] ― -b3- [Hence,] (tropical:) The act of lightening, or alleviating. (S, A, K.) It is related in a trad. that the Prophet said to 'Áïsheh, when she had cursed a thief, (S, A, TA,) who had stolen something from her, (S, A, TA,) who had stolen something from her, (S, TA,) laA tusab~ixiY Eanohu biduEaAy^iki Ealayohi, (S, A, * TA,) meaning (tropical:) Do not thou alleviate (S, A, TA) the merited punishment of his crime by thy cursing him. (S, * TA.) And a poet says, fasab~ixo Ealayoka Alham~a waA@Eolamo biA^an~ahu A_i*aA qad~ara Alr~aHom`nu $ayoy^FA fakaAy^inu [Then alleviate thou the disquietude of thy mind; and know that, when the Compassionate decreeth a thing, it happeneth]. (S.) One says also, sab~axa A@ll~`hu Eanoka AlHum~aY May God alleviate thy fever. (S.) And Aall~`hum~a sab~ixo Ean~aA AlA^a*aY O God, remove from us, or alleviate to us, that which harms, or hurts. (TA.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) The act of stilling, quieting, rendering motionless, appeasing, tranquillizing, calming, allaying, assuaging, or quelling. (K.) -A2- Also (assumed tropical:) The becoming [alleviated, or lightened,] still, quiet, motionless, appeased, tranquil, calm, allayed, assuaged, or quelled. (K, * TA.) One says of heat, (S, K,) and of anger, (TA,) sb~x, (S, K,) inf. n. as above; and ↓ tsb~x; (K;) (assumed tropical:) It became abated, or allayed, (S, K, TA,) and alleviated. (S.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The ceasing of veins from the throbbing occasioned by pain therein. (IAar, L, K. *) ― -b3- See also 1, in three places. expl. by Freytag as meaning He contended with another in swimming is a mistake for sAbH.] He reached salt earth in digging (S, K) a well. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 1, first sentence. see 2, near the end of the paragraph. [ is expl. by Freytag as applied in the Deewán of Jereer to A dense cloud that is seen suspended apart from other clouds.] ; and its fem., with p: see sabaxapN, in three places. : see the next paragraph, in three places. and ↓ saboxapN [A piece, or tract, of] land that exudes water and produces salt: (K:) pl. (of the former, S, or of the latter, Msb) sibaAxN: (S, A, Msb, K:) ↓ A^aroDN sabixapN [also] signifies as above; (JK;) or land containing sibaAx, (S, A,) i. e. [places that exude water and produce salt, or simply] salt; (A;) or salt land or earth, as also ↓ ArD saboxapN, in which the latter word is a contraction of sabixapN, and ArD sabaxapN also: (Msb:) and ↓ sabixN signifies a place producing salt, (Msb, * TA,) and in which the feet sink: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ sabixapN is sabixaAtN. (Msb.) The Prophet said to Anas, on his mentioning El-Basrah, A_ino mararota bihaA wadaxalotahaA faA_iy~aAka wasibaAxahaA, meaning [If thou pass by it and enter it, then beware thou of] its tracts of land overspread with saltness, that seldom, or never, give growth to anything but some trees, or shrubs. (L.) ― -b2- Also, (K,) or the latter, i. e. ↓ saboxapN, (JK,) A thing that overspreads water (JK, K, TA) in consequence of its having been long left, (TA,) resembling [the green substance called] TuHolub, (JK, K,) or such as THlb and the like. (TA.) Cotton, and wool, and soft hair (wabar), separated, or plucked asunder, and loosened; as also ↓ musab~axN: (TA:) [and ↓ sabiyxapN, in which the p is added to convert the epithet into a subst., signifies a portion, i. e. a loose flock, thereof; and its pl. is sabaAy^ixu, whence] one says, TaArato sabaAy^ixu AlquToni [The loose flocks of the cotton flew about]. (A.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) Feathers (riy$) that fall off (S, A, K) and become scattered: (K:) as also ↓ musab~axN: (TA:) the pl. of the former (K, TA) [used as a subst.], in this and in the following senses, (TA,) [or rather of ↓ sabiyxapN as a n. un. thus used,] is sabaAy^ixu. (K, TA.) One says, waradotu maA='F Hawolahu sabiyxu AlT~ayori, and ↓ sabaAy^ixuhu, i. e. (tropical:) [I came to water around which were] the feathers that had fallen off [and become scattered] of birds. (A.) ― -b3- Also Cotton made wide for a medicament to be put upon it (K, TA) and for it to be applied upon a wound: (TA:) and ↓ sabiyxapu signifies a portion of cotton thus prepared for this purpose. (JK, K. *) ― -b4- And Cotton, (S, K,) and wool, and soft hair (wabar), (S,) wound, after the separating and loosening, (S, K, in the former baEoda Aln~adofi ↓ yusobaxu i. e. yulaf~u,) to be spun (S, K) by a woman: (S:) and ↓ sabiyxapN signifies a portion thereof. (S.) ; and its pl., sabaAy^ixu: see the next preceding paragraph, in five places. : see sabiyxN, in two places. sbd see what next follows. , (AA, TA,) inf. n. tasobiydN, (K, TA,) He shaved off his hair; (AA, K, TA;) as also ↓ sabadahu, (AA, K,) inf. n. sabodN; (K, TA;) and ↓ Asbdhu, (AA, TA,) inf. n. A_isobaAdN: (K, TA:) or all signify he shaved off his hair and [so] removed it utterly: and sabata $aEarahu and sb~thu and Asbthu also have the former signification accord. to AA: (TA:) [and] tasobiydu Alr~aA^osi signifies the removing utterly the hair of the head [by shaving]: (S:) or sb~d $aEarahu signifies he shaved off his hair and then left it until it had grown a little: (A'Obeyd, L:) or he removed utterly his hair, making it to be [shaven] close to the skin; (A'Obeyd, M, L;) as also sm~dhu. (A'Obeyd, L.) ― -b2- And He let the whole of his hair grow ample and long: thus it has two contr. significations. (M.) ― -b3- And tasobiydN signifies also The combing, or combing down, or letting down and loosing, and then moistening, and leaving, the hair of the head. (Suleymán Ibn-El-Mugheyreh, L, K. *) ― -b4- And The rendering [one's hair] matted, or compacted, and dusty. (M, L.) ― -b5- And [hence, app., the objective complement being meant to be understood,] The leaving off, or neglecting, the anointing of oneself [or of one's hair], (A'Obeyd, S, K, TA,) and washing: and some say tasomiydN, which signifies the same. (A'Obeyd, TA.) -A2- tasobiydN is also used [intransitively,] as signifying The appearing of the hair of the head: (K:) or the growing after some days: (M:) or sb~d Al$~aEaru means The hair grew so that its blackness appeared after the shaving. (S, M.) ― -b2- And The coming forth of the down [of a young bird]: (M:) or the appearing of the feathers of a young bird. (K.) You say, sb~d Alfaroxu The young bird began to show its feathers, or to become fledged. (S.) ― -b3- And The growing of fresh shoots upon, or among, the old portions of the [plant called] naSiY~; as also ↓ A_isobaAdN: (K:) you say [of that plant], sb~d and ↓ Asbd: (TA:) or sb~d Aln~abaAtu The plant had heads coming forth, before the spreading thereof. (M.) see 2, in three places; first and last sentences. i. q. daAhiyapN [as meaning Cunning, or very cunning: and perhaps also as meaning a calamity: pl. A^asobaAdN]. (S, M, K.) You say, huwa sibodu A^asobaAdK He is cunning, or very cunning, (daAhK, S, M, or daAhiyapN, K,) in theft, or robbery. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- And [hence, perhaps, or the reverse may be the case,] A wolf: (K:) it occurs, in the accus. case, in a verse, in this sense, (TA,) or in the former sense; (S;) or, as some relate it, the word in this instance is siydFA [which has the latter meaning]. (S, TA.) Hair [of goats]; syn. $aEarN; (As, S, M;) as also ↓ sab~uwdN: (M:) or a small quantity thereof: (K:) or fur [of camels]; syn. wabarN. (M.) One says, maA lahu sabadN walaA labadN (As, S, M, K) He has neither goats' hair nor wool: (As, * S, * M:) or neither camels' fur nor wool: or neither camels' fur nor goats' hair: meaning (tropical:) he has neither goats nor sheep: or (tropical:) neither camels nor sheep: or (tropical:) neither camels nor goats: (M:) or (tropical:) neither little nor much; (As, S, K, TA;) i. e. he has not anything. (TA.) [See also labadN.] Hence sabadN is an appellation for (assumed tropical:) Cattle (maAlN). (TA.) Hence also the saying of' Átikeh Bint-Zeyd, lamo yadaEohu A@ll~`hu yamo$iY bisabado [i. e. (assumed tropical:) God let him not walk with goats, &c.]; meaning (assumed tropical:) God reduced him to poverty, so that He left not [to him] anything. (Ham p. 495.) ― -b2- Also sing. of A^asobaAdN (TA) which signifies Black garments or cloths [app. of goats' hair or of camels' fur]. (K, TA.) ― -b3- A^asobaAdN, (K, TA,) as pl. of sabadN, (TA,) signifies also The heads of the [plant called] naSiY~ when they first come forth: (K, TA:) or, as pl. of sabadN, the heads of plants coming forth, before spreading. (M.) ― -b4- And, likewise as pl. of sabadN, Remains of plants or herbage in a land. (TA.) [See also sabidN.] -A2- sabadN also signifies Unluckiness, ill luck, or evil fortune: (M:) or so ↓ subadN: (K, TA:) so says Lth, on the authority of ADk. (TA.) A remnant of herbage or pasturage. (K.) [See also sabadN, last sentence but one.] A certain bird, (S, M, K,) having plumage so soft, or smooth, that when two drops of water drop upon it, (S, M, * K,) upon its back, (S, M,) they run off from it; (S, * M, K, * TA;) or such that when a drop of water drops upon its back, it runs [off] (M:) the Arabs liken to it a horse when he sweats: (S:) or a certain bird like the eagle: (TA:) or the male eagle: (M, TA:) or the swallow of the desert (xuT~aAf bar~iY~): (As, TA:) or a bird like the xuT~aAf; when water falls upon it, it runs off from it quickly: so says Aboo-Nasr; and so Skr in his Expos. of the poetry of Hudheyl, on the authority of As: (TA:) said by As to be a certain black bird: (so in a marg. note in one of my copies of the S:) pl. sibodaAnN. (S, M.) ― -b2- Also A piece of cloth with which the watering-trough (K, TA) such as is termed marokuw~ [q. v.] (TA) is rendered close, or firm, [in its bottom and sides,] (yusad~u, [in the L yusobadu, but I know not any apposite meaning of this verb,]) in order that the water may not become turbid: (K:) it is spread therein; and the camels are made to drink [the water] above it. (L.) ― -b3- See also sibodapN. -A2- And see sabadN, last sentence. , (M, L,) or ↓ subadN, (K,) or both, (TA,) The pubes. (M, L, K.) : see sabadN, first sentence. Tall, or long; (K;) in the dial. of Hudheyl: (TA:) and also bold, or daring; (S, M, K;) applied to anything [i. e. to any creature]; (S, K;) of the dial. of Hudheyl: (M:) as also sabanotFY: (S, TA:) or, so applied, bold, or daring, to undertake anything: and the fem. [sabanodaApN, like sabanotaApN,] is said to signify a bold lioness: and a bold-breasted she-camel: and in like manner [the masc. signifies] a bold-breasted he-camel: (M, L:) and, (S, M, L, K,) as also sibinodFY, (M, L,) the leopard; (As, S, M, L, K;) and so sabanotFY, (As, S, L,) or sabanotaApN, which is also applied to a beast of prey [absolutely]: (A Heyth:) or the lion: (M, L:) pl. sabaAnidu and sabaAnidapN: or the meaning of this, or these, [i. e. of the latter pl. or of both, for the pronoun (hiYa) may relate to the latter or to both,] is idle, and sportful, and vain, or frivolous, persons; (K, TA;) like sabaAdirapN. (TA.) , like muEaZ~amN, (TA,) or ↓ musab~idN, (accord. to a copy of the M,) as meaning (assumed tropical:) Consummate, (M, * TA,) is applied as an epithet to a calamity, daAhiyap, (M, TA,) which a poet terms, for the sake of the measure, A^am~u faA^orK, because it is termed A^um~u A^adoraASK, and diroSN is applied to a young one of a bitch, and of a she-wolf, and of a she-cat, and of the [species of faA^or called] jura*, and of the jerboa. (M.) [act. part. n. of 2]. It is said of Ibn-'Abbás, qadima mak~apa musab~idFA raA^osuhu, meaning He came to Mekkeh having his head unanointed and unwashed. (A'Obeyd, S.) -A2- See also the next preceding paragraph. sbr , (S, M, A, &c.,) aor. (S, M, Msb) and , (M, TA,) inf. n. saborN; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ Astbrhu; (K;) He probed the wound; measured its depth with the misobaAr, i. e., with an iron or other instrument; (A, Mgh:) tried, (K,) or examined, (S,) or endeavoured to learn, (Msb,) its depth; (S, Msb, K;) examined its extent. (M.) ― -b2- sabarahu (assumed tropical:) He determined, or computed by conjecture or by the eye, its measure, quantity, size, or bulk. (M, K, * TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) He tried, proved, or tested, it; proved it by experiment or experience; (S, M, TA;) namely, anything; as also ↓ Astbrhu. (S.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) He elicited its true, or real, condition. (TA.) ― -b5- It is related in the trad. of the cave, that Aboo-Bekr said to Mohammad, laA tadoxulohu Hat~aY A^asoburahu qabolaka (assumed tropical:) Do not thou enter it until I explore it before thee, and see if there be in it any one, or anything that may hurt. (TA.) ― -b6- mafaAzapN laA tusobaru (tropical:) A desert of which the extent cannot be known. (A.) ― -b7- sabarotu fulaAnFA (tropical:) [I searched into such a one]. (A.) — fuyhi xayorN kaviyrN laA yusobaru (tropical:) [In him is much good, the extent of which cannot be known]. (A.) ― -b8- A^amorN EaZiymN laA yusobaru (tropical:) [A great affair, of which the uttermost cannot be known]. (A.) ― -b9- Ausoburo liY maA Einodahu (assumed tropical:) Learn thou for me what he has [in his mind, or in his possession]. (M.) ― -b10- sabarotu Alqawoma, aor. and , inf. n. saborN, (assumed tropical:) I observed the people attentively, with investigation, one after another, that I might know their number. (Msb.) see 1, in two places. : see siborN. -A2- Also The lion. (El-Mu- ärrij, K.) (S, M, K) and ↓ saborN (M, K) The source, or origin, [of a thing,] syn. A^aSolN: (M, K:) pl. of both A^asobaArN. (M.) ― -b2- (tropical:) Form, or appearance; figure, feature, or lineaments; external state or condition; state with regard to apparel and the like; (S, M, K;) or goodly form or appearance &c.; (K;) aspect; garb, or habit; (TA;) colour, or complexion; (M, K;) beauty; (K;) brightness of countenance: (M:) pl. of both as above. (M.) ― -b3- IAar says, I heard Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee say, I returned from Marw to the desert, and one of its people said to me, A^am~aA Als~iboru faHaDariY~N waA^am~aA All~isaAnu fabadawiY~N (tropical:) As to garb and appearance, [thou art like] an inhabitant of a town; but as to tongue, an inhabitant of the desert. (S, * TA.) ― -b4- You say, fulaAnN Hasanu AlHibori waAls~ibori (tropical:) Such a one is beautiful and of goodly appearance. (S.) [See also HiborN.] ― -b5- A woman of the desert said, A^aEojabaniY siboru fulaAnK (tropical:) The good condition, and flourishing state of body, of such a one pleased me: and raA^ayotuhu say~iy^a Als~ibori (tropical:) I saw him to have an altered and ill appearance of body: thus she assigned to sbr two significations. (TA.) ― -b6- One says also, A_in~ahu laHasanu Als~ibori (tropical:) Verily he is goodly in complexion and appearance. (TA.) ― -b7- siborN also signifies (tropical:) A characteristic by which one knows the generousness or ungenerousness of a beast. (AZ, M.) ― -b8- And (assumed tropical:) One's knowledge of the fruitfulness or unfruitfulness [or the good or bad condition] of a beast. (AZ, TA.) ― -b9- Also (assumed tropical:) Likeness; syn. $abahN. (K, TA. [In some copies of the K, sub~apN, which is an evident mistake.]) So in the phrase, occurring in a trad., galaba Ealayohimo siboru A^abiY bakorK (assumed tropical:) The likeness ($abah) of Aboo-Bekr predominated in them. (IAar, TA.) One says also, Earafahu bisibori A^abiyhi (assumed tropical:) He knew him by the appearance and likeness of his father. (TA.) ― -b10- Also the former (siborN), Enmity, (K,) accord. to El-Muärrij; but Az says that this is strange. (TA.) A cold morning, between daybreak and sunrise: (S, M, A, Mgh, K:) or from the time a little before daybreak to daybreak: or from daybreak to sunrise: (M:) or a cold morning during the period next after sunrise: (Msb:) pl. sabaraAtN: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) which latter is also expl. as signifying the intenseness of the cold of winter, and of the year. (TA.) and siboraAtN and suboruwtN and siboriytN: &c.: see art. sbrt. Poor; (K, TA;) possessing no property: like suboruwtN, in this sense, and in that following. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) Land in which is no herbage. (K, TA.) and ↓ misobaArN A probe; an instrument with which a wound is probed; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ misobarN: (Ham p. 818:) a twist like a wick, (T, Msb,) or a similar thing, (Msb,) which is put into a wound (T, Msb) to ascertain its depth; (Msb;) an iron or other instrument with which the depth of a wound is measured: (A, Mgh:) pl. of the first, suburN; and of ↓ the second, masaAbiyru. (Msb.) It is said in a prov., maA Eurifa ↓ lawo laA AlmisobaAru gaworu AljuroHi [Were it not for the probe, the depth of the wound would not be known]. (A.) And ↓ baEiydu AlmisobaAri is applied as an epithet to a woman's vulva [or vagina, in an obvious sense,] by Ibn-Habeeb: and accord. to the K, to a woman [in allusion to her vagina]. (TA in art. xjY.) an irreg. pl. of suboruwtN: see the latter in art. sbrt. A coat of mail made of slender rings, and strongly: (K:) so called in relation to the king Sáboor. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (TA,) or from Sáboor, a province of Persia, (Mgh, Msb,) A thin, or delicate, kind of garment or cloth, (IDrd, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) of excellent quality: (K:) and anything thin, or delicate. (M.) Whence the prov., EaroDN saAbiriy~N (S, M, * K *) A slight exhibition: (M:) [see variations of this phrase in art. ErD, under EaraDa Al$~aYo'a:] said to him to whom a thing is shown in a slight manner: (S:) because the garment or cloth called sAbrY~, (S, K,) being of the best of qualities, (S,) is desired when exhibited in the slightest manner. (S, K. [See the first paragraph in art. ErD; and see also EaraDa EalaY~a sawoma EaAl~apK in the first paragraph of art. swm.]) ― -b3- A certain sort of dates, (S, Msb, K,) of good quality. (Msb, K.) It is said that the best of the dates in El-Koofeh are the nirosiyaAn and the sAbrY~. (S.) ― -b4- naxolapN saAbiriy~apN A palmtree of which the unripe dates are yellow and somewhat long. (AHát, Msb.) (assumed tropical:) [The internal state or condition of a man]. You say, Hamadotu masobarahu and maxabarahu (assumed tropical:) [I praised his internal state or condition]: (S:) and ↓ masobarapN also signifies (assumed tropical:) The internal state or condition; an internal, or intrinsic, quality; or the intrinsic, or real, as opposed to the apparent, state, or aspect. (TA.) : see sibaArN. The utmost point of a wound. (M.) ― -b2- See also masobarN. : see sibaArN, in four places. ― -b2- It may also be applied to (assumed tropical:) A man who probes a wound. (Ham p. 818.) Goodly in form or appearance; in figure, feature, or lineaments; in external state or condition; in state of apparel or the like. (K, TA.) sbrt He begged; and became lowly, humble, or submissive; or affected to be like the masaAkiyn [or destitute, or needy, &c.]; syn. qanaEa; (K, TA; [omitted in the CK, and in my MS. copy of the K erroneously written qaniEa;]) and tamasokana. (TA.) : see suboruwtN. : see the next paragraph, in two places. A desert, syn. qaforN, (S, K,) or a plain, syn. qaAEN, (M,) in which is no herbage: (M, K:) or weak land: (TA:) and A^aroDN suboruwtN and ↓ siboriytN (As, Lh, M) and ↓ siboraAtN (M) Land in which is no herbage; (M;) or land in which is nothing: (As, Lh, M:) pl. sabaAriytu and sabaArK, the latter anomalous, mentioned by Lh: (M:) accord. to A'Obeyd, the pl. sabaAriytu signifies deserts, or waterless deserts, (falawaAtN,) in which is nothing: and accord. to As, land [or lands] in which nothing grows: (TA:) and one says also A^aroDN sabaAriytu, (M, K,) a phrase of the same class as vawobN A^axolaAqN, (K,) as though the sing. suboruwtN or siboriytN were applied to every portion thereof. (M.) ― -b2- Hence, (TA,) applied to a man, (AZ, S, TA,) Needy, in want, indigent, (AZ, As, S, M, K, TA,) poor, (AZ, As, K, TA,) possessing little, (M, TA,) or, as some say, possessing nothing; (S, * M, TA;) and ↓ siboriytN signifies the same, (AZ, S, M, K,) as also ↓ siboraAtN, and ↓ suborutN: (M, K:) also bankrupt, or insolvent; syn. mufolisN: (TA in explanation of the first [but equally applying to all]:) the epithet applied to a woman is suboruwtapN and ↓ siboriytapN; (AZ, S;) the latter of which is applied to a man [app. in intensive sense, agreeably with analogy,] as well as to a woman: (M:) and the pl. is sabaAriytu, applied to men and to women. (AZ, S.) ― -b3- [Hence, also,] applied to a youth, or young man, Beardless; or having no hair upon the sides of his face. (M, K, TA. [In the K, this signification is immediately followed by the mention of the pls. sabaAriytu and sabaArK.]) ― -b4- And Little, or small, in quantity or number; (S, M, K;) paltry, or inconsiderable: (K:) applied to a thing, (S, K,) and (S) to property, or cattle. (S, M.) ― -b5- Also Tall, or long. (M, TA.) ― -b6- And A skilful, or an expert, guide, well acquainted with the lands. (TA.) It is mentioned by Sb, who says that it is of measure fuEoluwlN, like zunobuwrN and EuSofuwrN; and most hold him to be right: but some of the authors on inflection assert that it is of the measure fuEoluwtN, from sabarotu Al$~aYo'a meaning “ I tried, proved, or tested, the thing, or proved it by experiment or experience; ” and that the t is added to give intensiveness to the signification; which several deny: (MF, TA:) suboruwrN, however, is mentioned in the K, in art. sbr, as meaning “ poor, ” and land “ in which is no herbage. ” (TA.) and siboriytapN: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places. A man (TA) of evil disposition or nature. (K, TA: but omitted in the CK.) Bald, or bare of hair. (K, TA: but omitted in the CK.) sbT , aor. ; (Sb, S, M, Msb, K;) and sabuTa, aor. ; (M, Msb, K;) inf. n. sabaTN, of the former verb, (S, Msb,) or saboTN, (so in the K, as is remarked in the TA,) and subuwTapN, (M, Msb, K,) which is of the latter verb, (M, Msb,) and sabaATapN and subuwTN, (M, K,) which are also of the latter verb; (M;) It (hair, S, Msb) was, or became, lank, not crisp: (S, M, * Msb, K: *) or the former verb is used in this sense, said of hair; and the latter is said of a man, signifying he was, or became, lank, not crisp, in his hair. (TA.) ― -b2- sabaATapN, relating to a man, also signifies The being tall: (M:) or the being long in the [bones called] A^alowaAH [pl. of lawoHN], and even therein. (TA.) ― -b3- Also sabuTa, inf. n. sabaATapN; (M, TA;) and sabiTa, inf. n. sabaTN; (M;) (tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, easy, or facile, biAlomaEoruwfi in beneficence. (M, TA.) And subuwTapN is likewise expl. as signifying (tropical:) The being liberal, bountiful, or munificent. (M, TA.) ― -b4- And sabaATapN, relating to rain, (tropical:) The being abundant and extensive. (Sh, K, TA.) [― -b5- See also the part. n. sabiTN.] -A2- sabaTa Ealayohi AlEaTaA='a (tropical:) He gave to him successive and large gifts. (Sgh, TA.) -A3- subiTa He was affected with fever. (Sgh, K.) [See sabaATi.] , (M, K, &c.,) inf. n. tasobiyTN, (S, K,) She (a camel, AZ, As, M, K, and a ewe, K) cast her young one, or fœtus, in an incomplete state: (M, K:) or before its form was apparent; (AZ, K;) like A^ajohaDato and rajaEato: (AZ:) or when its fur had grown, before completion; as also sab~agatN: (As, TA:) or sb~Tt biwaladihaA she (a camel) cast her young one when its hair had grown: and sb~Tt she (a ewe) cast her young one, or fœtus, abortively. (S.) The epithet applied to her in this case is ↓ musab~iTN [without p]. (M, K.) He (a man, S, M) extended himself, or became extended or stretched, (S, M, K, TA,) upon the ground, (S, TA), in consequence of being beaten, (M, K, TA,) &c.: (TA:) he fell (M, K, TA) upon the ground, (TA,) and was unable to move, (M, K, TA,) by reason of weakness, (M, TA,) or from drinking medicine, or some other cause; on the authority of AZ: (M:) he fell upon the ground, and became extended or stretched, in consequence of being beaten, or from disease, and in like manner from drinking medicine. (TA.) And AsbT biAlA^aroDi He clave to the ground. (Ibn-Jebeleh, M, K.) ― -b2- He was silent, by reason of fear, or fright: (M, L, K:) he was silent and still; or he lowered his eyes, looking towards the ground, and was still. (O.) ― -b3- AsbT fiY nawomihi He shut, or closed, his eyes, or eyelids, in his sleep. (Sgh, K.) ― -b4- AsbT Eani AlA^amori He feigned himself negligent of the thing or affair, inattentive to it, or heedless of it. (Sgh, K.) : see sabiTN, throughout. A grandchild; (S, Msb, K;) a son's child, and a daughter's child: (M, TA:) pl. A^asobaATN; (S, Msb, TA;) which is commonly used by the vulgar as signifying daughters' children; distinguished by them from A^aHofaAdN [which they apply to son's children, pl. of HafiydN]; but the leading lexicologists expressly declare that it includes sons' children and daughters' children, as it is said to do by ISd: IAar explained siboTN and siboTaAni and A^asobaATN as signifying the particularly distinguished, and choicest, of children. (TA.) It is said in a trad., (TA,) AlHasanu waAlHusayonu siboTaA rasuwli A@ll~`hi El-Hasan, and El-Hoseyn are the two grandsons of the Apostle of God. (M, TA. *) ― -b2- A tribe of the Jews: pl. A^asobaATN: (M, Msb, K:) siboTN (M) and A^asobaATN (S, Msb) in relation to the Jews, (M, Msb,) or [rather] the Children of Israel, (S,) being like qabiylapN (M) and qabaAy^ilu (S, Msb) in relation to the Arabs: (S, M, Msb:) and the former are thus called to distinguish them from the children of Ishmael. (M, TA.) In the phrase, waqaT~aEonaAhumu A@vonataYo Ea$orapa A^asobaATFA [And we divided them into twelve divisions, tribes], (S, M, K,) in the Kur [vii. 160], (S, M,) AsbATA is a substitute (S, M, K) for AvntY E$rp, (S, M,) not a specificative, (S, M, K,) because the specificative may only be a sing.; (S, M;) the meaning being wqT~EnAhm AvntY E$rp firoqapF AsbATFA, (Akh, Zj, S,) and therefore the numeral is fem.; (Akh, S;) or this is a mistake; for it should be firaqFA AvntY E$rp; and therefore the numeral is fem. (Abu-l-'Abbás, TA.) Accord. to Ktr, you say, h`*aA siboTN and h`*ihi siboTN, and h`w^ulaA='i siboTN and using sbT as a pl., meaning firoqapN. (TA.) The saying kaA^an~ahu siboTN mina AlA^asobaATi is [asserted to be] a mistake, inasmuch as its author imagined that siboTN meant a man: (M:) IDrd ascribes it to El-'Ajjáj or Ru-beh: it occurs in an A^urojuwzap by the latter. (Sgh, TA.) [But it is applied to a single man: for] it is said in a trad., (TA,) HusayonN siboTN mina AlA^asobaATi, i. e. Hoseyn is [as though he were] a nation of the nations (A^um~apN mina AlA^umami K) in goodness; so expl. by Aboo-Bekr: (TA:) or one of the fathers of tribes; because of the multitude of his descendants: or one of the sons of daughters. (So in a marginal note in a copy of the “ Jámi' es-Sagheer ” of Es-Suyootee.) ― -b3- Also A generation (qaron) that comes after another. (Zj, TA.) -A2- And siboTN riboEiy~apN, (TA in the present art. and in art. rbE,) or riboEiy~apN ↓ sabaTN, (so accord. to a copy of the M, in the present art.,) A palmtree of which the fruit ripens in the end of the summer, or hot-season. (M, TA.) : see the next paragraph, first sentence. -A2- Also Such as is fresh of the [plant called] HaliY~; one of the plants of the sands; (M;) [i. e.] the [plant called] naSiY~, while fresh; (A'Obeyd, S, O, K;) when it has dried up, called HaliY~; (A'Obeyd, S, O;) a plant like the viyl [q. v.], except that it becomes tall; growing in the sands: (Lth, TA:) n. un. with p: (Lth, S:) it is one of those that, when they dry up, become white, [as is said of the HaliY~,] resembling hoariness, like the vumaAm [or panic grass]: (AHn, O: in the TA, the nam~aAm:) it is asserted that the Arabs say, “ The Sil~iyaAn is the bread of the camels, and the sabaT is their xabiyS: ” (AHn, O:) its manner of growth is like [that of] duxon [q. v.]; and it is a good pasture: (K:) AHn says, a desert-Arab, of 'Anazeh, told me that its manner of growth is like that of large duxon, falling short of [so I render duwna, but this also signifies exceeding,] *urap [q. v.], and it has grain like the grain termed bazor [q. v.], which will not come forth from its envelopes but by bruising, or pounding, and men extract it and eat it, made into bread, and cooked: (M, O:) the n. un. is with p: and the pl. is A^asobaATN. (M.) Also The tree that has many branches and one A^aSol [meaning stem]: (K:) so says Az.; adding that hence is derived A^asobaATN [pl. of siboTN]; as though the father represented the tree and the children represented the branches: (TA: [but this is questionable:]) accord. to Abo-Ziyád, a certain tree, (AHn, M, O,) growing in the sands, (AHn, O,) tall, having slender branches, eaten by the camels and the sheep or goats, (AHn, M, O,) and collected by men, who sell it upon the roads (EalaY AlT~uruqi), (AHn, O,) or with the tamarisk (maEa AlT~arofaA='i); (so in the TA;) without blossom and without thorns, having thin leaves of the size of [those of] the kur~aAv [or leek] (AHn, M, O) when this first comes forth. (AHn, O.) ― -b2- See also the last sentence of the next preceding paragraph. and ↓ saboTN and ↓ sabaTN, (the first and third of these in one copy of the S, and the second alone in another copy of the S, and all in the M and Msb and K,) the first of the dial. of El- Hijáz, (TA,) from sabiTa, and the second from sabuTa, the last being an inf. n. used as an epithet, (Msb,) Lank, not crisp; (S, M, * Msb, K; *) applied to hair: (S, Msb:) pl. sibaATN, which is said by Sb to be of the measure most common for a pl. of an epithet of the measure faEalN, (M,) or faEolN. (TA.) ― -b2- sabiTu Al$~aEari, (S, M,) and ↓ saboTuhu, (M,) A man having lank hair: (S, M:) and in like manner sibaATN, alone, applied to a number of persons. (TA.) ↓ saboTN is also metonymically applied to (tropical:) A foreigner, like as [its contr.] jaEodN is to an Arab. (TA.) ― -b3- sabiTN also signifies Tall; (M, K;) applied to a man: (M:) or, as also ↓ saboTN, (TA,) or sabiTu Aljisomi, (M,) so applied, long in the [bones called] A^alowaAH [pl. of lawoH], (M, TA,] and even therein: (TA:) or sabiTu Aljisomi or ↓ saboTuhu, (accord. to different copies of the K,) or both, (S, TA,) goodly in stature, or person, or proportion, (S, K,) and evenness. (S.) Also Having extended limbs, and perfect in make. (TA.) And sabiTu AlqaSabi, and ↓ saboTuhaA, A man [long and even, or] extended, and without protuberances, in the bones of the fore arms and the shanks. (TA.) And sabiTu AlbanaAni and ↓ saboTuhaA, (tropical:) Long in the fingers. (TA.) And sabiTu Alxaloqi A man lank in make: (L in art. rd:) and sabiTapu Alxaloqi, and ↓ saboTatuhu, (tropical:) a woman lank, or soft, or tender, in make. (M, Z, TA.) And sabiTu Als~aAqayoni A man soft, or flaccid, or uncompact, in the shanks. (Ham p. 238.) ― -b4- Alyadayoni ↓ saboTu, (M, K, TA,) and sabiTuhumaA, (TA, and so in the CK,) and sabiTu Alkaf~ayoni, (TA,) (tropical:) A man who is liberal, bountiful, or munificent. (M, K, TA.) And sabiTN biAlomaEoruwfi (tropical:) A man easy, or facile, in beneficence. (M, TA.) ― -b5- maTarN sabiTN, (Sh, TA,) and ↓ saboTN, (Sh, K,) (tropical:) Rain pouring abundantly and extensively, (Sh, K,) and consecutively. (Sh, TA.) : see sibit~N. Fever: (M, O, K:) so called because the man attacked by it extends himself, and becomes relaxed: (Skr, O:) or fever attended with shivering, or trembling. (O.) (AA, S, M, K) and subaATu, being perfectly and imperfectly decl., (AA, K,) and also written with $, (TA, and K in art. $bT, ) The name of a month in Greek; (S;) a certain month, [next] before A=*aAru; (K;) the month that is between the winter and the spring; (M;) [the fifth month of the Syrian year, corresponding with February O. S.;] it is in the winter-quarters, and in it is the completion of the day whereof the fractions circulate in the years: when the said day is complete in that month, the people of Syria call that year EaAmu Alkabiysi; and when a child is born, or a person arrives from a country, in that year, they consider it fortunate. (Az, TA.) [See kabiysN.] Sweepings, syn. kunaAsapN, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) which are thrown every day in the courts of houses. (K.) ― -b2- Also A place in which sweepings (Mgh, TA) and dirt (TA) are thrown: occuring in a trad., (Mgh, TA,) and so expl. by El-Khattábee: (Mgh:) but some assign to it there the former meaning. (TA.) [It should be observed that kunaAsapN also is said to have both these meanings.] ― -b3- Also What falls from, or of, hair when it is combed. (M, TA.) -A2- A raceme of a palm-tree, with its fruit-stalks (EaraAjiyn) and its fresh ripe dates: of the dial. of Egypt. (TA.) A roof (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) between two walls, (S,) or between two houses, (M, K,) having beneath it a road, or way, or passage, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) which is a thoroughfare: (Mgh:) pl. sawaAbiyTu (S, Msb, K) and saAbaATaAtN. (S, K.) Wherefore do I see thee hanging down thy head like one in grief, or anxiety, lax in body? (S.) And tarakotuhu musobiTFA I left him (meaning a sick person) not moving nor speaking. (TA.) -A2- A^aroDN musobiTapN, (M, and so in some copies of the S,) or ↓ masobaTapN, (thus in other copies of the S, and in the O,) Land abounding with sabaT [q. v.]. (S, M, * O.) : see what next precedes. : see 2. sbTr He stretched himself: (M:) he lay upon his side, and stretched himself. (S, K.) ― -b2- He (a slaughtered beast) stretched himself to die. (TA.) ― -b3- AsbTr~t AlA_ibilu fiY sayorihaA The camels hastened, (M, * K, * TA,) and stretched themselves, in their march, or course. (TA.) ― -b4- AsbTr~t lahu AlbilaAdu The provinces became rightly disposed to him. (Fr, K. *) A lion stretching himself when about to spring or leap. (S, K.) ― -b2- A quick camel: pl. sibaToraAtN: it has no broken pl. (Sb, M.) ― -b3- Also, the pl. above mentioned, Camels long, upon the surface of the ground [or horizontally]. (S, K.) The t [says J] is not the denotative of the fem. gender: (S:) it is like that in rijaAlaAtN (S, K) and Ham~aAmaAtN, as masc. pls.: (S:) but IB says, the t in this word is the denotative of the fem. gender; for it is an epithet applied to jimaAlN, which is fem. as a [broken] pl.; as is shown by the saying AljimaAlu saArato, and raEato, &c.: and he adds, J's saying that it is like rjAlAt and Hm~AmAt is a mistake, inasmuch as he confounds rjAlAt with Hm~AmAt; for rijaAlN is a fem. pl., as is shown by one's saying Alr~ijaAlu xarajato, and saArato; but Ham~aAmN is masc., and should not regularly have a pl. with A and t, but, as Sb says, it has this pl. form, like some other masc. words, in lieu of a broken pl., and would not have it if it had a broken pl. (TA.) ― -b4- Also the sing., Penetrating; effective; (Lth, M, K;) [as though stretching far;] sharp in intellect; clever; acute: (K: [in the CK, AlmADiY Als~ahomi is put by mistake for AlmADY Al$~ahomu:]) or sharp in intellect, and very bold or daring or courageous. (TA.) ― -b5- Lank hair. (M.) ― -b6- A man (Sh) lank and tall. (Sh, K.) ― -b7- And with p, A corpulent woman. (M.) A proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side. (M, K.) : see what next follows. and ↓ subaATirN Tall, or long. (M, K.) ― -b2- Also the former, A certain bird having a very long neck, (S, K,) which one sees always in shallow water; surnamed A^abuw AlEayozaAri. (S.) [Freytag says, on the authority of Dmr, that it is also called mAlk AlHzyn. See art. mlk.] sbE , aor. (S, Msb, K) and (Yoo, Msb, K) and , (Yoo, Msb,) inf. n. saboEN, (Msb,) He was, or became, the seventh of them: (S, Msb, K:) or he made them, with himself, seven: (S in art. vlv:) or it signifies, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) or signifies also, (Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) he took the seventh part of their property, or possessions. (S, Msb, K.) And He made them, they being sixty-nine, to be seventy with himself. (A 'Obeyd, S in art. vlv.) And sabaEa also signifies He made sixteen to be seventeen. (T in art. vlv.) ― -b2- sabaEotu lahu AlA^ay~aAma, aor. , inf. n. as above, I completed to him the days by making them seven: and ↓ sab~aEotuhaA signifies the same in an emphatic manner. (Msb.) [See also 2.] ― -b3- sabaEa AlHabola, (K,) aor. , inf. n. as above, (TA,) He made the rope, or cord, of seven strands. (K, TA.) ― -b4- subiEa Almawoluwdu The infant had its head shaven, and an animal [generally a goat] sacrificed by way of expiation for it, on the seventh day [after its birth, (commonly called yawomu Als~ubuwEi,) agreeably with an ordinance of Mohammad; the sacrifice being for the expiation of original sin]. (IDrd.) -A2- sabaEa Alganama He (a wolf) seized the sheep, or goats, and broke their necks, or killed them, or made them his prey, (S, K, TA,) and ate them. (TA.) ― -b2- subiEati AlwaHo$iy~apN The female wild animal had her young, or young one, eaten by the sabuE [or beast, or bird, of prey]. (TA.) ― -b3- sabaEahu He stole it; [as though, like a sabuE, he made it his prey;] as also ↓ AstbEhu. (AA, K.) ― -b4- He shot him [with an arrow or the like], or hurled at him and struck him [with a lance, or a missile of any kind]; namely, a wolf: or he frightened him; namely, a wolf; (K;) and also, a man. (TA.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) He reviled, vilified, or vituperated, him; charged him with a vice or fault or the like; (S, K, TA;) assailed him with foul language, such as displeased him: (TA:) or he bit him (K, TA) with his teeth, like as does the sabuE. (TA.) , inf. n. tasobiyEN, He made it seven; or called it seven; (S, K;) as also ↓ AsbEhu. (TA.) See also 1. ― -b2- He made it to have seven angles, or corners; to be heptagonal. (K.) ― -b3- He (God) gave him his reward, or recompense, seven times, or seven fold. (K.) An Arab of the desert said to a man who had done a good act to him, (TA,) sab~aEa A@ll~`hu laka May God give thee thy reward, or recompense, seven times, or seven fold. (K, TA.) The Arabs also said, sab~aEa A@ll~`hu laka A^ajorahaA May God multiply to thee the reward, or recompense, for it; meaning, for this good act: (Aboo-Sa'eed:) [for] tasobiyEN is used by them to signify the act of multiplying, though it be more than seven fold. (TA.) And sab~aEa A@ll~`hu lifulaAnK is used as meaning May God make a thing to be followed by another thing to such a one; in relation to good and to evil; as also tab~aEa lahu. (TA.) And sab~aEa A@ll~`hu laka meaning May God bless thee with seven children. (TA.) ― -b4- He washed it (namely, a vessel,) seven times. (K.) Hence the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, kanaEoti A@l~atiY qaAmato tusab~iEu suw^orahaA [Like her who has arisen to wash out seven times her remains of beverage in the bottom of a vessel, left by a drinker; that drinker, as is said in a marginal note in my copy of the TA, being her dog]: or, accord. to Es-Sukkaree, the meaning is, to give as alms her suw^or [remains of beverage in the bottom of a vessel after one had drunk, or remains of food &c.,], thereby seeking to have her reward, or recompense, multiplied; suw^orahaA being used by the poet for bisuw^orihaA. (TA.) ― -b5- sb~E AlquroA=na [app. followed by lahu or Ealayohi] He appointed him the reading, or recitation, of the Kur-án [in seven portions so that he should complete the whole] in every seven nights. (O, L, K.) ― -b6- sb~E liA@moraA^atihi, (K, TA,) or EinodahaA and lahaA ↓ A^asobaEa, (TA,) He remained with his wife seven nights. (K, TA.) In like manner one says val~ava; and thus of every number from one to ten; in relation to any saying or action. (TA.) ― -b7- sb~Et She (a woman) brought forth at seven months. (TA.) ― -b8- sb~E daraAhimahu He made his dirhems to be seventy complete; but this is post-classical; (K;) and in like manner, drAhmh ↓ saboEana, meaning the same, and also post-classical, and not allowable; the proper phrase to express the meaning “ I made it to be seventy ” being kam~alotuhu saboEiyna. (TA.) ― -b9- sab~aEati Alqawomu The people, or company of men, completed the number of seven hundred men: (K, TA:) occurring in a trad, (TA.) (K,) inf. n. of sAbE, (TK,) The performing of the act of coïtus, (IAar, Th, K,) with a woman. (TK.) ― -b2- The vying with another in the endeavour to surpass him in obscene, or lewd, language, and in frequency of coïtus, and in speaking plainly of such subjects as should only be alluded to, in relation to women: (IAar, K: *) such seems to be its meaning in a trad. in which the doing this is forbidden. (IAar.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Mutual reviling, vilifying, or vituperating; (K, TA;) when each of two men assails the other with foul language, such as displeases him: (TA:) this is said by some to be its meaning in the trad. in which it is forbidden. (TA.) , said of a party of men, It became seven: (S, K:) also, it became seventy. (M and L in art. vlv.) ― -b2- Said of a man, it signifies He was, or became, one whose camels came to the water on the seventh day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (S, K.) ― -b3- AsbE liA@moraA^atihi: see 2. ― -b4- A^asobaEato She brought forth her seventh offspring. (TA in art. bkr.) ― -b5- AsbEhu: see 2, first signification. -A2- It (a road) abounded with sibaAE [or animals of prey]. (TA.) ― -b2- AsbE Alr~uEoyaAnu The pastors had their beasts fallen upon by the sabuE [or animal of prey]. (Yaakoob, S, K.) -A3- AsbEhu i. q. A^aToEamahu Als~abuEa [which may be rendered He gave him as food the animal of prey, or he gave him as food to the animal of prey; but it seems from what here follows that the former is meant]: (S, K:) in the “ Mufradát, ” [he gave him as food] the flesh of the sabuE. (TA.) -A4- He gave him, or delivered him, (namely, his son,) to the Zuw^uwrap [which means both nurse and nurses]. (S, K.) ― -b2- He left him to himself; or left him without work, or occupation; namely, his slave; syn. A^ahomalahu. (S, K.) [See musobaEN.] see 1. fem. of saboEapN, q. v. -A2- See also sabuEN in two places. -A3- Als~aboEu The place to which mankind shall be congregated (K, TA) on the day of resurrection. (TA.) Hence the trad., (K, TA,) which relates that while a pastor was among his sheep, or goats, the wolf rushed upon him, and took from them a sheep, or goat, and the pastor pursued him until he rescued it from him; whereupon the wolf looked aside towards him, and said to him, (TA,) mano lahaA yawoma Als~aboEi, meaning Who will be for it [namely, the sheep, or goat, as aider, or defender,] on the day of resurrection? (K, TA:) thus expl. by I Aar, and mentioned by Sgh and the author of the L: (TA:) but to this is contradictory, or repugnant, yaEokuru, [in the CK erroneously written yaEokaru,]) the saying of the wolf, (K, TA,) after the words mentioned above, (TA,) “ the day when it shall have no pastor but me; ” for the wolf will not be a pastor on the day of resurrection: or the meaning is, who shall be for it on the occasion of trials, when it shall be left to itself, without pastor, a spoil to the animals of prey: the animal of prey being thus made to be a pastor to it: (K, TA:) this is in the way of a trope: and accord. to this explanation, it may be [↓ yawoma Als~abuEi] with damm to the b: (TA:) or yawomu Als~aboEi was a festival of their's in the Time of Ignorance, on which they were diverted from everything by their sport: (AO, K, TA:) and accord. to one relation [of the trad.] it is with damm to the b. (L, K.) (S, Msb, K) and ↓ subuEN, (Mgh, Msb,) of which the former is a contraction, (Msb,) A seventh part; one of seven parts; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ sabiyEN; (S, Msb, K;) the last not heard by Sh on any authority beside that of AZ: (TA:) pl. of the first (Msb) and second (Mgh, Msb) A^asobaAEN. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) Hence, A^asobaAEN AlquroA=ni [The seven sections, or volumes, of the Kur-an,] in which one reads: said to be postclassical. (Mgh.) -A2- See also A^usobuwEN, in three places. A certain Zimo' of the A^aZomaA=' of camels; (T, S, K;) i. e. their coming to the water on the seventh day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]; (K;) or [in other words, which have virtually the same meaning,] their remaining in their places of pasturing five complete days, and coming to the water on the sixth day, not reckoning the day of the [next preceding] return from the water. (Az, TA.) You say, waradato A_iboluhu siboEFA His camels came to the water &c. (S, K.) ― -b2- Also The seventh young one, or offspring. (A in art. vlv.) : see what next follows. (S, Sgh, Msb, K) and ↓ saboEN, (Sgh, Msb, K,) a dial. var., (Sgh, Msb,) and the form in common use with the vulgar, (Msb,) adopted also by several readers of the Kur in v. 4, (Msb, TA,) and often occurring in the poems of the Arabs, (TA,) and ↓ sabaEN, (Sgh, K,) a form adopted by two readers of the Kur in the place above mentioned, and perhaps a dial. var., (Sgh, TA,) The animal of prey; the rapacious animal; (K;) [whether beast or bird; being sometimes applied to the latter, as, for instance, in the K, voce mixolabN; but generally to the former:] or whatsoever has a fang, or canine tooth, with which it makes hostile attacks, and seizes its prey; (Msb;) such as the lion, [to which it is particularly applied by most of the Arabs in the present day,] and also (TA) such as the wolf and the lynx and the leopard, (Msb, TA,) and the like of these, that has a fang, and attacks men and beasts and makes them its prey: (TA:) the fox, however, is not thus called, though having a fang, (Msb, TA,) because he does not attack with it nor take prey, (Msb,) or because he does not attack small beasts, nor seize with his fang any animal; (TA;) and in like manner the hyena (Msb, TA) is not reckoned among the hostile animals thus called, wherefore the Sunneh allows that its flesh may be eaten, and requires that a compensation be made for it [by the sacrifice of a ram] if it be smitten [and killed] in the sacred territory or by a person in the state of ihrám: but as to the jackal, it is a noxious sbE, and its flesh is unlawful, because it is of the same kind as wolves, except that it is smaller in size and weaker in body: thus says Az: but some others say that the sbE is any hostile beast having a mixolab [or tearing claw]: and it is said in the Mufradát to be thus called because of the perfectness of its strength; for Als~aboEu [seven] is one of the perfect numbers: (TA:) the pl. is sibaAEN, (Sb, S, Msb, K,) i. e., of sabuEN, which has no other pl.; (Sb, Msb;) A^asobuEN is also a pl., (Sgh, Msb, K,) but this is pl. of pauc. of ↓ saboEN, (Sgh, Msb,) which, not being a contraction [of sabuEN, but a dial. var. thereof], has also for its pls. [of mult.] subuwEN and subuwEapN, like SuquwrN and SuquwrapN, pls. of SaqorN. (TA.) See also saboEN: [and see sabuEapN.] You say of him who is very injurious, or mischievous, maA huwa A_il~aA sabuEN mina Als~ibaAEi (tropical:) [He is none other than one of the animals of prey]. (TA.) ― -b2- Als~abuEu is also the name of (assumed tropical:) The constellation [Lupus] behind [i. e. on the east of] Centaurus, containing nineteen stars in the figure. (Kzw.) : see suboEN. , (S, K,) sometimes pronounced ↓ sabaEapN but some disallow this latter, and say that it is pl. of saAbiEN, (K,) [Seven;] a well-known number; and called one of the perfect numbers: (TA:) fem. saboEN. (S, K.) You say, saboEapu rijaAlK [Seven men]: and saboEu nisowapK [seven women]. (S, K.) ― -b2- A^axa*ahu A^axo*a saboEapK: see sabuEapN. ― -b3- wazona saboEapK means Of the weight of seven mavaAqiyl: (S, K:) one says, A^axa*otu minohu miAy^apa dirohamK wazona saboEapK, meaning [I took, or received, from him a hundred dirhems] every ten whereof were of the weight of seven mithkáls. (TA.) [But see dirohamN.] ― -b4- A_iHodaY mino sboEK [lit. One of seven;] means (assumed tropical:) a great, momentous, or difficult, thing, or affair: (Sh, K: *) an affair difficult to decide: perhaps as being likened to one of the seven nights in which God sent the punishment upon [the tribe of] 'Ád: or, as some say, the seven years [of famine in the days] of Joseph. (Sh, TA.) ― -b5- Als~aboEu AlmavaAniY The Fátihah; [or first chapter of the Kur-án;] because it consists of seven verses: or the long chapters from Albaqarap to AlA^aEorAf [a mistake for AlA^anofaAl]; as in the Mufradát: or, as in the L, to Alt~awobap, reckoning Altwbp and AlAnfAl as one chapter, for which reason they are not separated by the basomalap. (TA.) [See also mavonFY.] ― -b6- El-Farezdak says, wakayofa A^axaAfu Aln~aAsa waA@ll~`hu qaAbiDN EalaY Aln~aAsi waAls~aboEayoni fiY raAHapi Alyadi meaning [And how should I fear men when God is comprehending mankind and] the seven heavens and seven earths [in the palm of the hand?]. (K.) ― -b7- See also A^usobuwEN; last sentence. ― -b8- [saboEapN is also used in a vague manner, as meaning Seven or more; or several; or many; as Bd says, in ix. 81, and as is indicated, though not plainly declared, in the TA. See 2: and see also saboEuwna. ― -b9- Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which saboEap is imperfectly decl., see valaAvapN. See also sit~apN.] ― -b10- saboEapa Ea$ara [indecl. in every case, meaning Seventeen,] is pronounced by some of the Arabs saboEapa Eo$ara: and [the fem.] saboEa Ea$orapa, thus in the dial. of El- Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced saboEa Ea$irapa in the dial. of Nejd. (S in art. E$r.) -A2- See also sabuEapN, in two places. : see saboEapN. and ↓ saboEapN, the latter a contraction of the former, The lioness. (ISk, S, Msb, K.) Hence the saying, ↓ A^axa*ahu A^axa*a saboEapK, (ISk, S, K,) or Als~aboEapi, (Msb,) He seized him with the seizing of a lioness, (ISk, S, K,) or of the lioness, (Msb,) which is more impetuous (A^anozaqu) than the lion, (ISk, S,) or more bold than the lion: (Msb:) or the saying is, A^axa*ahu A^axo*a saboEapa (S, K) he seized him with the seizing of Seb'ah, who was a certain strong man, (Ibn-El-Kelbee, S,) or a certain insolent and audacious rebel, (Ibn-El-Kelbee, Lth, K,) of the Arabs, (TA,) whom one of the kings of El-Yemen seized, and, after having cut off his hands and feet, or arms and legs, crucified; [so that the meaning is, he punished him with the punishment of Seb'ah;] and hence it was said, laA^uEa*~iban~aka Ea*aAba saboEapa [I will assuredly punish thee with the punishment of Seb'ah]; (El-Kelbee, Lth, K; *) and laA^aEomalan~a bika Eamala saboEapa I will assuredly do with thee as was done with Seb'ah: (O:) or the man's name was sabuEN, and it was contracted, and made fem. by way of contempt: or the meaning of the first saying is, he seized him with the seizing of seven men: (K:) and in like manner the last saying is expl. by some [who say saboEapK instead of saboEapa]. (TA.) The dim. is ↓ subayoEapN. (Msb.) [See also sabuEN.] [ Of, or relating to, an animal of prey.] [Seventy;] a well-known number; (K;) the round number that is between sit~uwna and vamaAnuwna. (TA.) ― -b2- The Arabs also use it as meaning [Seventy or more; or] many. (TA.) Thus it is used in the Kur [ix. 81], where it is said, A_ino tasotagofiro lahumo saboEiyna mar~apF falano yagofira A@ll~`hu lahumo, meaning If thou beg forgiveness for them many times, even then God will not forgive them; not that God would forgive them if forgiveness were begged more than seventy times: (Bd, * TA:) and saboEapN and saboEumiAy^apK and the like are used in the same manner. (Bd.) ― -b3- [Also Seventieth.] [ as meaning Seven and seven, or seven and seven together, or seven at a time and seven at a time, seems not to have been used; for] A'Obeyd says that more than A^uHaAda and vunaA='a and vulaAva and rubaAEa has not been heard, excepting Eu$aAra. (TA in art. E$r.) [app. Wont to frighten]: (TA: [in which the meaning here given seems to be indicated.]) : see A^usobuwEN, in four places. : see suboEN: ― -b2- and saAbEN. dim. of sabuEapN, q. v. A garment, or piece of cloth, seven cubits, or seven spans, in length. (TA.) ― -b2- A great and tall camel; (En-Nadr, K;) [as though seven cubits in height:] fem. with p. (K.). And subaAEiY~u Albadani, (S, K,) applied to a man, has the like meaning; (K;) complete, or full-grown, in body; (S, TA;) [or seven spans in height; for] when a boy has attained seven spans, he is a man. (S, voce xumaAsiY~N, q. v.) [act. part. n. of 1: generally meaning Seventh]: pl. sabaEapN. (K.) You say, kunotu saAbiEahumo [I was the seventh of them]. (S, K.) And h`*aA h`*aA ↓ sabiyEu, meaning saAbiEuhu [This is the seventh of this: not the seventh part; though the former has also this latter meaning]. (TA.) And huwa saAbiEu saboEapK [He is the seventh of seven]. (TA.) And huwa saAbiEN sit~apF [He is making six to become seven]. (TA.) ― -b2- A_ibilN sawaAbiEu [pl. of saAbiEapN] Camels coming to the water on the seventh day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) [See siboEN.] ― -b3- [saAbiEa Ea$ara and saAbiEapa Ea$orapa, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Seventeenth, are subject to the same rules as vaAliva Ea$ara and its fem., expl. in art. vlv, q. v.] A certain number of days; (S, * Msb, K; *) i. e. seven days; a week; (Msb;) also termed ↓ subuwEN, (Lth, Msb, K,) by some of the Arabs; (Lth, Msb;) [and ↓ suboEN, as shown by what follows:] pl. of the first A^asaAbiyEu. (Msb, TA.) One says, ↓ A^aqamotu Einodahu suboEayoni [in the sense of A^usobuwEayoni, which is more common,] i. e. I remained at his abode two weeks. (TA.) ― -b2- Also The seventh day; and so ↓ subuwEN; as in a trad., where it is said, A_i*aA kaAna yawoma subuwEihi, meaning When his seventh day after the celebration of his marriage is come. (TA.) [↓ yawomu Als~ubuwEi is used in this sense in the present day: and also as meaning The seventh day after childbirth; in which sense it is generally to be understood when used unrestrictedly; as this day is celebrated with more rejoicing than the former: also as meaning the seventh day after the return from pilgrimage.] ― -b3- And Seven circuitings [round the House of God, meaning the Kaabeh]: (Lth, Mgh, Msb:) pl. A^asaAbiyEu (S, Mgh, Msb) and A^usobuwEaAtN. (Lth, Mgh, Msb.) You say, TaAfa biAlbayoti A^usobuwEFA, (S, Mgh, * K,) and ↓ subuwEFA, (Lth, IDrd, K,) but A boo Sa'eed says, I know not any one who has said this except IDrd, and the former is the word commonly known, (TA,) and ↓ saboEFA, (K,) and ↓ suboEFA, (TA,) He circuited round the House [of God] seven times, (S, TA,) or seven circuitings; (Mgh;) and valaAvapa A^asaAbiyEa [thrice seven times, or thrice seven circuitings]. (S.) Given, or delivered, to the Zuw^uwrap [which means both nurse and nurses]: (Skr, S, TA:) this is the primary signification: (Skr:) or whose mother dies, and who is therefore suckled by another; (K; in which the next following signification may be regarded as implied, TA;) left to himself; or left without work, or occupation; applied to a slave; syn. muhomalN: (Skr, S:) or mutorafN, (Sgh, K,) [which has the same and other significations; or] which is [here] nearly the same as muhomalN, for he who is muhomal is usually mutoraf: (TA:) or one who is left to himself with the sibaAE [or animals of prey] so that he becomes like one of them in mischievousness, or noxiousness, or evilness: (AO, K:) or who is left to himself and not restrained from his daringness, so that he remains daring: and a slave left to himself, and daring; left until he has become like the sabuE: (TA:) or one whose origin is suspected; (K;) whose father is not known: (Er-Rághib, Sgh:) or a bastard: (K:) or one whose lineage is of slaves, (K, TA,) or ignoble, (TA,) up to seven male ancestors, (K, TA,) or, to seven female ancestors; (TA;) or, to four male ancestors; (En-Nadr, K;) or whose lineage is traced up to four female ancestors all of them slaves: (TA:) or born at seven months; (K, TA;) not matured by the womb, his months not being completed. (Az, IF, TA.) One whose camels come to the water on the seventh day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) -A2- A slave finding a sabuE [or rapacious animal] among his sheep, or goats. (Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer, S.) , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) with fet-h (S, Msb) to the first and third letters, (Msb,) like maroHalapN, (K) and ma*oA^abapN, with an inseparable p, (Sb,) A land containing, (S,) or abounding with, (Mgh, Msb, K,) sibaAE [or animals of prey]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) A verse consisting of seven feet. (TA.) ― -b2- A camel having, in the middle part of his back, between the withers and the rump, seven vertebrae redundant [app. meaning in size]. (TA.) ― -b3- [See also muval~avN.] A rope consisting of seven strands. (M, voce mavoluwvN.) -A2- With p, A cow, (S, TA,) [app. meaning a wild cow,] or [other] female wild animal, (TA,) whose offspring has been eaten by the sabuE [or beast, or bird, of prey]. (S, TA.) The place of a sabuE [or beast, or bird, of prey]. (TA.) sbg , (Msb, K, &c.,) aor. (MA, Msb) and , (MA,) inf. n. subuwgN, (Msb, K, &c.,) It (a garment [&c.]) was complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (MA, Msb:) it (a thing, Lth, Msb, of any kind, JK, Msb, such as a garment, TA, a coat of mail, JK, Msb, TA, and the like, TA, and hair, JK, TA) was long, (JK, Msb, K,) from above to below, (Msb,) or reaching to, or towards, the ground. (Lth, K.) [Hence,] *uw subuwgK [The ample, or long, &c.,] was the name of a coat of mail belonging to the Prophet. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence also] sabagato quSayoraY Alfarasi The qSyry [app. here meaning the rib next the flank] of the horse was of full length. (TA.) ― -b3- And sabaga AlmaTaru (tropical:) The rain approached the earth, and extended. (TA.) ― -b4- And sabagati Aln~iEomapu, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) The benefit, or boon, was, or became, ample. (S, Msb, K, TA.) One says, AlHamodu lil~`hi EalaY subuwgi Aln~iEomapi Praise be to God for the ampleness of the benefit, or boon. (TA.) ― -b5- And sabaga libaladihi (assumed tropical:) He tended towards, and reached, his town, or country; (AA, * K;) inf. n. as above. (TA.) , inf. n. tasobiygN, She (a camel, As, JK, S, or a pregnant female, K) cast her young one, or fœtus, (As, JK, S, K,) in an incomplete state, (TA,) or when its hair had grown, (As, S, K,) or when its fur had grown; (JK;) accord. to the T, (TA,) i. q. A^ajohaDat: (JK, TA:) or, accord. to AA, sab~agati AlA_ibilu biA^awolaAdihaA the camels cast their young abortively; and, in like manner, accord. to Lth, one says of all pregnant females: (TA:) [see also sab~aqat:] the epithet applied to her is ↓ musab~igN, without p. (As, K, TA.) He made it complete, full, ample, or without deficiency; (Msb;) he made it wide; namely, his garment [&c.]: and he made it long; namely, [his garment, and the like, and] his hair, (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Asbg A@ll~`hu Ealayohi Aln~iEomapa (S, Msb, * K *) (tropical:) God made the benefit, or boon, complete, full, or ample, to him. (S, * Msb, * K, * TA.) And Asbg lahu fiY Aln~afaqapi (assumed tropical:) He expended upon him what was completely sufficient for his wants; bestowed upon him amply. (TA.) ― -b3- And Asbg AlwuDuwo'a, (K,) inf. n. A_isobaAgN, (S,) (tropical:) He performed completely the [ablution termed] wDw', (S, K, TA,) making it to reach to the proper places thereof, and giving fully to every member its due. (K, TA.) -A2- And Asbg He put on a wide, or an ample, [or a long,] coat of mail. (KL.) : see musobigN. (tropical:) Plentifulness, and pleasantness or easiness, and softness or delicacy, of life. (K, TA.) One says, A_in~ahumo lafiY sabogapK mina AlEayo$i (tropical:) Verily they are in a state of plentifulness, &c., of life. (TA.) , applied to a thing (JK, S) of any kind, (JK,) Complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (S, TA:) [and] long. (JK.) You say, diroEN saAbigapN A coat of mail that is wide, or ample, (S, K, * TA,) and long: (K, TA:) or such that one drags it upon the ground, or [that falls] against one's ankles, by reason of length and ampleness: pl. sawaAbigu. (TA.) And *anabN saAbigN A complete, a full, or an ample, tail. (S.) And dalowN saAbigapN (tropical:) A long dlw [or leathern bucket]. (TA.) And naAqapN saAbigapu AlD~aroEi (tropical:) A she-camel full, or without lack or defect, in the udder: (Lth, and so in the K accord. to the TA:) or saAbigapu AlD~uluwEi without lack or defect, and long, in the ribs. (So in copies of the K.) And EajiyzapN saAbigapN and A^aloyapN saAbigapN (Msb, K) signify in like manner, (K,) [or] (tropical:) A long buttock. (Msb, TA. *) And rajulN saAbigu AlA^aloyatayoni (assumed tropical:) A man large in the buttocks. (TA.) And faHolN saAbigN (tropical:) A stallion long in the veretrum: (S, K, TA:) the contr. thereof is termed kami$N. (S, TA.) And livapN saAbigapN (tropical:) A foul, or an ugly, gum. (Lth, K, TA.) ― -b2- And maTorapN saAbigapN (tropical:) A compious rain. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- And niEomapN saAbigapN (tropical:) A complete, a full, or an ample, benefit, or boon. (K, * TA.) ― -b4- See also tasobigapN. More [and most] complete, full, ample, or free from deficiency [in breadth and in length]: occurring in this sense in a trad., relating to a coat of mail. (TA.) : see what next follows. (JK, S, K) and tasobagapN and ↓ tasobigN and tasobagN, (JK, K,) the first of which is the most chaste, (TA,) I. q. migofarN [q. v.]: (JK:) or a portion of the mail of the coat of mail, that is conjoined to the helmet, and protects the neck: (JK, S, K:) for the helmet becomes lengthened (tasobugu) thereby; and but for it, there would be between it and the opening at the neck of the coat of mail an intervening space: (S:) or the mail composing the raforaf of the helmet, at the bottom thereof, with which the man protects his neck, and which is also called the migofar: or, accord. to “ the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet, ” by AO, the raforaf of the helmet is other than its tasobigap; for he says that, of helmets, there is that which has a raforaf, [consisting of] rings [or mail] encompassing the bottom thereof, so as to surround the back and other parts of the neck, and the two cheeks, and to reach to the maHojiraAni [q. v.] of the two eyes; and he afterwards says, but when it [the helmet] is not of plate, or expanded metal, but is [a head-covering] of mail, it is called migofarN and gifaArapN and tasobigapN: (TA:) [the pl. is tasaAbigu:] and the helmet [that has a tasobigap attached to it, accord. to those who mean by this term the mail attached to the bottom thereof,] is called ↓ saAbigN: (JK:) or, accord. to As, one says bayoDapN lahaA saAbigN, (S,) or lahaA tasaAbigu. (K, TA: in the CK [erroneously] tasaAbugN.) , (S, A, L, TA,) in the O and K ↓ subugN, like EunuqN, which seems to be a mistranscription, copied by the author of the K, accord, to his usual practice, from the O, (TA,) A man having upon him a coat of mail such as is termed saAbigapN. (S, A, O, L, K.) is expl. by Kr as meaning The young that is cast by its mother after the soul has been blown into it. (TA. [But see its verb, 2.]) : see 2. A she-camel that usually casts her young abortively: but a term not well know, (IDrd, TA.) sbq , (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. (O, Msb, K) and , (O, K,) but the former is of higher authority, or more usual, (O, TA,) inf. n. saboqN, (S, Msb,) He preceded him; he was, or became, got, went, or came, before him, or ahead of him; he outwent, or outstripped, him; he had, got, or took, precedence of him; syn. taqad~amahu; (K, TA;) in running, and in everything. (TA.) Some read, in the Kur [xxi. 27], laA yasobuquwnahu biAlqawoli, thus, with damm, meaning They say not [anything] without his having taught them: (O, TA:) or they say not anything until He has said it: originally, laA yasobuiqu qawoluhumo qawolahu [their saying does not precede his saying]: this reading is from the phrase saAbaqotuhu fasabaqotuhu, [expl. below,] aor. of the latter A^asobuquhu. (Bd.) See 3. ― -b2- sabaqa Alfarasu fiY AlHalobapi The horse outstripped, or came in first, among those started together for a wager, or in the race-ground. (O, K.) Hence the trad. of 'Alee, sabaqa rasuwlu A@ll~`hi waSal~aY A^abuw bakorK waval~ava Eumaru (assumed tropical:) [The Apostle of God came in first in the race, and Aboo-Bekr came in next, and 'Omar came in third]. (O, TA.) [And sabaqa used in like manner with the objective complement understood means He preceded, &c., as above; and hence, he was, or became, first, foremost, or beforehand; he had, or got, the priority, or precedence. And He was, or became, one of the first or foremost: see saAbiqN. See also qaSabu Als~aboqi in art. qSb.] ― -b3- sabaqa Aln~aAsa A_ilaY AlA^amori [He preceded the other people; was, or became, before them; or had, got, or took, precedence of them; in betaking, or applying, himself to the affair]. (S, K.) And in like manner one says, lahu saboqN fiY h`*aA AlA^amori To him belongs priority, or precedence, in this affair; like saAbiqapN; syn. qudomapN. (A, TA.) ― -b4- [Hence,] sabaqa wahomuhu A_ilaY $aYo'K fagaliTa fiyhi (assumed tropical:) [He preconceived a thing, and therefore made a mistake, or erred, respecting it]. (Msb, in explanation of duxila Ealayohi.) [And sabaqa *ihonuhu A_ilaY Al$~aYo'i means in like manner (assumed tropical:) He preconceived the thing: or his mind adverted hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation, to the thing; from what next follows.] ― -b5- sabaqa A_ilayohimo He went, or passed, hastily, or quickly, to them. (TA.) ― -b6- [And hence,] sabaqa A_ilayohi min~iY qawolN (assumed tropical:) A saying proceeded hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation, to him from me; syn. faraTa: (S in art. frT:) and sabaqa minohu kalaAmN (assumed tropical:) speech proceeded hastily, &c., from him; syn. faraTa: (Msb in that art.:) [but this phrase also means, more agreeably with the primary signification of the verb, (assumed tropical:) speech proceeded previously from him; (see the Kur x. 20, &c.;) and in like manner the former phrase.] See also 8. And sabaqahu AlqaYo'u, (S, Msb, K, all in art. *rE,) i. e. sabaqahu fiY Alxuruwji A_ilaY fiyhi [meaning (assumed tropical:) The vomit came forth to his mouth before he was aware]. (TA in that art.) [And sabaqa Alqalamu (assumed tropical:) The pen anticipated, skipping over something, in transcribing.] ― -b7- One says also, sabaqotu EalayohK, meaning (tropical:) I overcame him. (TA.) And sabaqa EalaY qawomihi (assumed tropical:) He overcame his people in generosity. (TA.) And sabaqahu fiY Alkarami (assumed tropical:) He exceeded him in generosity. (TA.) , (inf. n. tasobiyqN, Mgh,) He took, or received, the sabaq [i. e. stake, or wager, laid at a race or a shooting-match, to be taken by the successful competitor]: (IAar, O, K:) or sab~aqotuhu I took, or received, the sabaq, from him. (Az, Mgh, Msb.) ― -b2- And He gave the sabaq: (IAar, O, K:) or sab~aqotuhu I gave him the sabaq. (Az, Mgh, Msb.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (IAar, Az, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) Hence, in the trad. of Rukáneh the wrestler, maA tusab~iquniY, i. e. What wilt thou give me [if I overcome] ? and he said, The third of my sheep, or goats. (Mgh.) And sab~aqa Albadorapa bayona Al$~uEaraA='i (tropical:) He made the [sum of money termed] bdrp to be a sabaq [i. e. stake, or wager,] among the poets, to be taken by him who should overcome. (Z, TA.) And it is said in a trad., A^amara biA_ijoraA='i Alxayoli wasb~aqahaA valaAvapa A^aEo*uqK mino valaAvi naxalaAtK, meaning [He ordered the making of the horse to run, and] gave them as a sabaq [three racemes of dates from three palm-trees]: or it may mean, he took, or received, as their sabaq: or it [i. e. sbqhA] may be without teshdeed, [as a subst. with its affixed pronoun,] meaning the property assigned [as their sabaq]. (L, TA.) ― -b3- One says also, sab~aqotu bayona Alxayoli [app. meaning I gave a sabaq among the horses]: (O:) or sab~aqotu Alxayola, and bayonahaA ↓ sAbqt, meaning I sent forth the horses with their riders upon them, to see which of them would outstrip. (TA.) ― -b4- And sb~qt Al$~aApu, inf. n. as above, The ewe, or she-goat, cast her young one, or fœtus, in an incomplete state: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) but sb~gt, with g, is better known. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) -A2- sab~aqotu AlT~aAy^ira (tropical:) I put the sibaAqaAni [or pair of jesses] upon the legs of the bird, and [so] shackled it. (TA.) , inf. n. musaAbaqapN and sibaAqN, [I strove, or contended, with him to precede him; to be, or become, get, go, or come, before him, or ahead of him; to outgo, or outstrip, him; to have, get, or take, precedence of him; in running (i. e. I raced, or ran a race, with him); and in everything.] (Msb, TA.) You say, ↓ saAbaqotuhu fasabaqotuhu [I strove, or contended, with him to precede him, &c., and I surpassed him, or overcame him, in doing so]: (S:) the aor. of the latter verb in this case is A^asobuquhu, (Bd in xxi. 27,) and the inf. n. is saboqN. (S.) ― -b2- See also 6. ― -b3- And see 2. [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ Astbq] The people, or party, hastened to the thing, or affair; or employed the fulness of their power, or force, to hasten to it; syn. baAdaruwA. (TA.) and ↓ AstbqA signify the same: (K, TA:) thus the saying [in the Kur xii. 25] AlbaAba ↓ waA@sotabaqaA means tasaAbaqaA A_ilayohi, i. e. And they strove, or contended, each with the other, to precede, or get before, to the door. (TA.) [And both are trans. by means of A_ilaY:] you say, tsAbqwA A_ilaY ka*aA and A_ilayohi ↓ AstbqwA [They strove, or contended, together, to precede, or be first, in attaining to such a thing: and so ↓ saAbaquwA: see the Kur lvii. 21, here saAbiquwA A_ilaY magofirapK is expl. by Bd as meaning saAriEuwA musaAraEapa AlmusaAbiqiyna fiY AlmiDomaAri i. e. Strive ye, one with another, in hastening, with the striving of those that contend to outstrip in the hippodrome, to obtain forgiveness]. (Msb.) And you say, fiY AlEadowi ↓ AisotabaqonaA, meaning tasaAbaqonaA [i. e. We strove, or contended, one with another, to precede, get before or ahead, or outstrip, in running: and in like manner each of these verbs is used in relation to any object of contention for precedence]. (S.) ― -b2- And tsAbqwA and ↓ AstbqwA (tropical:) They competed, or contended, together in shooting. (TA.) ↓ *ahabonaA nasotabiqu, in the Kur [xii. 17], means (assumed tropical:) We went to compete, or contend, together in shooting: (S, Bd:) or in running. (Bd.) ― -b3- And ↓ the latter of these verbs, as well as the former, signifies also They laid bets, wagers, or stakes, one with another. (TA.) [Astbqhu and Astbq A_ilayohi i. q. baAdara A_ilayohi. Thus] faA@sotabiquwA AlxayoraAti, in the Kur [ii. 143 and v. 53], means Therefore hasten ye to good acts, &c.; or employ the fulness of your power, or force, in hastening thereto; syn. baAdiruwA A_ilayohaA. (O.) See also 4. ― -b2- You say also, Astbq A_ilayohi AlA^amoru, (K in art. bdr,) or ↓ sabaqa, (M in that art.,) The thing, or event, came to him, or happened to him, hastily, quickly, or speedily; and beforehand [or before he expected it]; syn. badarahu, and badara A_ilayohi. (M and K in that art.) ― -b3- faA@sotabaquwA AlS~iraATa, in the Kur xxxvi. 66, in which AlSrAT is in the accus. case because of A_ilaY suppressed before it, or by making AlAisotibaAqu to imply the meaning of AlAibotidaAru, (Bd,) means And they would hasten, make haste, or strive to get first or beforehand, to the road that they were wont to travel: (Bd, Jel:) or (tropical:) they would go along the road and leave it behind them, (Bd, * O, K, TA,) so that they would wander from the right way. (O, K, TA.) ― -b4- See also 6, throughout. A competitor of another in striving to precede, to be before or ahead, to outgo or outstrip, or to have precedence: [pl. A^asobaAqN; and the sing. is also used as a pl.:] you say, humo siboqiY and A^asobaAqiY: (L:) and humaA siboqaAni They are two that compete &c. (El-Moheet, O, K.) A stake, or wager, that is laid between the persons concerned in a race, (T, S, O, Mgh, * Msb, * K,) and in a shooting-match; in the former case taken by [the owner of] the one that outstrips; (T, TA:) and ↓ suboqapN signifies the same: (K:) pl. of the former A^asobaAqN. (O, K.) It is said in a trad., laA sabaqa A_il~aA fiY xuf~K A^awo HaAfirK A^awo naSolK, meaning There shall be no stake, or wager, except in the case of the racing of camels, or of horses or mules or asses, or in the case of [the arrowhead or lance-head, i. e.] shooting or casting [the lance]: for all these affairs are preparations for engaging in fight with the enemy; and mules and asses are included because they carry the baggage of the army. (O, TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The lesson of a boy, that is learned each day in the school; also called A_imaAmN. (TA in art. Am.) : see the next preceding paragraph. an inf. n. of 3 [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [As a simple subst., A race, or contest in running. ― -b3- And The preceding part of a discourse &c. You say sibaAqu AlkalaAmi wasiyaAquhu The preceding and following parts of the discourse; the context, before and after.] ― -b4- sibaAqaA AlbaAziY The qayodaAni [or pair of shackles, i. e. jesses,] of the hawk or falcon, of leathern thongs or straps, or of other material. (S, O, K.) : see saAbiqN. (tropical:) He is one who [often] obtains the winning canes (qaSabaAt Als~aboq [see art. qSb]). (O, K, TA.) [act. part. n. of 1, Preceding, &c.: and sometimes it means one of the first or foremost: as is shown by what here follows]: sometimes what is thus termed has one coming up with it; as [sometimes happens] in the case of the sAbq of horses: and sometimes it is like him who obtains the winning-cane (qaSabap Als~aboq [see art. qSb]); for he outstrips to it and has none to share with him in it, there being none coming up with him. (Msb.) It is applied to a horse That outstrips; as also ↓ sabuwqN: (T, Msb, TA: *) and the pl. [masc., i. e. pl. of the former,] applied to horses is sub~aqN and [fem., i. e. pl. of saAbiqapN,] sawaAbiqu: (TA:) [or] sawaAbiqu may be pl. of saAbiqN regarded as a subst. like kaAhilN and gaAribN of which the pls. are kawaAhilu and gawaAribu. (Ham p. 46.) ― -b2- By the saAbiqaAt mentioned in the Kur lxxix. 4 are meant The angels that precede the devils with the revelation [that they convey] to the prophets: (TA:) or the angels that precede the jinn, or genii, in listening to the revelation: (T, K, TA:) or the angels that precede with the souls of the believers to Paradise (Bd, Jel) and with the souls of the unbelievers to Hell: (Bd:) or the horses [that precede in battle]: (Zj, TA:) or the souls of the believers, that go forth with ease: or the stars [that precede other stars]. (TA. [See more in the Expositions of Bd and others.]) ― -b3- [The pl.] sub~aqN, applied to palm-trees, means (assumed tropical:) That produce their fruit early. (TA.) [fem. of saAbiqN, q. v.: and also a subst. formed from the latter by the affix p, signifying Priority, or precedence]. One says, lahu saAbiqapN fiY h`*aA AlA^amori (tropical:) [To him belongs priority, or precedence, in this affair,] when he has preceded the [other] people [in betaking, or applying, himself] to the affair: (S, K, TA:) like as you say, lahu saboqN [mentioned above: see 1]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Also, as used by physicians, A predisposition to disease.] [The state, or condition, of preceding]. (De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Ar. p. 302.) [More, and most, preceding or prevenient; more, and most outgoing or outstripping; &c.]. A^asobaqu mina AlA^ajali and mina AlA^afokaAri are provs. [meaning More prevenient than the period of death and than the thoughts]. (Meyd.) A horse much, or often, outstripped. (Msb.) [The state, or conditon, of being preceded]. (De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Ar. p. 302.) sbk , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, K,) so says El-Fárábee, and so in the Jm, and in the handwriting of Aboo-Sahl El-Harawee, (TA,) or , (Msb,) thus in the handwriting of Az, (TA,) inf. n. sabokN, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He melted, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) and cleared of its dross, (Mgh,) and poured forth (K, TA) into a mould, (TA,) gold, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or silver, (S, Mgh, TA,) &c.; (S, TA;) and ↓ sb~k signifies the same, (K,) inf. n. tasobiykN; (TA;) this inf. n. and sabokN both signifying the melting of gold and silver, and pouring it forth into a misobakap [or mould] of iron, like the half of a cane divided lengthwise. (Lth, TA.) ― -b2- Hence, sabokN is metaphorically used in the sense of tajoribapN. (Har pp. 140 and 211.) One says, fulaAnN sabakatohu Alt~ajaAribu (tropical:) [Such a one, tryings tried, or have tried, him]. (TA.) And kalaAmN laA yavobutu EalaY Als~aboki is another tropical phrase [app. meaning (tropical:) Speech or language, that does not stand good, or is not sound, or valid, when tried, or tested; that will not stand trying, or testing]. (TA.) see the preceding paragraph. said of tibor [i. e. native, or unwrought, gold or silver or the like], It melted. (TA.) , applied to tibor [i. e. native, or unwrought gold or silver or the like, Melted and cleared of its dross, and poured forth into a mould], i. q. ↓ masobuwkN. (TA.) [a subst. formed from the epithet sabiykN by the affix p, An ingot, i. e.] a piece (Lth, Mgh, Msb, K) of gold, (Lth, Mgh, Msb, TA,) or of silver, (Lth, S, Mgh, TA,) &c., (Mgh,) [i. e.,] sometimes, of any metal, (Msb,) of an oblong form, (Mgh, Msb,) that has been melted, (Lth, S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) and cleared of its dross, (Mgh,) and poured forth (K, TA) into a mould, (TA,) [i. e.,] into a misobakap of iron like the half of a cane divided lengthwise: (Lth, TA:) pl. sabaAy^iku. (Lth, S, Msb.) An Arab of the desert likened to it a difficult mountain that he desired to ascend, because of its smoothness; saying, A^aY~u sabiykapK h`*ihi [What an ingot is this !]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- The pl. is also applied to wuqaAq [i. e. (assumed tropical:) Thin, flat, bread]; this being so called because it is made of choice, or pure, flour; and is as though it were prepared therefrom by being melted and poured into a mould (kaA^an~ahu subika minoha), and cleared from the bran. (TA.) [ A melter and purifier and caster, or one who makes sabaAy^ik, of gold, or silver, or the like. ― -b2- Hence,] huwa sab~aAkN lilokalaAmi a tropical phrase [app. meaning (tropical:) He is a trier, or tester, or a purifier, of speech, or language: see 1]. (TA.) : see art. snbk. A mould of iron like the half of a cane divided lengthwise, into which molten gold and silver (Lth, TA) and the like (TA) are poured: (Lth, TA:) pl. masaAbiku. (TA.) : see sabiykN. sbkr i. q. AisobaTar~a in its several significations: (K:) i. e. (TA) ― -b2- He stretched himself: (TA:) he lay upon his side, and stretched himself: (AA, S, TA:) [&c.] ― -b3- He (a youth, or young man,) became tall: (Lh:) and Asbkr~t She (a girl) became of erect and justly-proportioned stature. (S, K.) An ex. occurs in a verse of Imra-el-Keys, cited voce mijowalN. (S.) ― -b4- It (a plant) became tall and full-grown: (TA:) and it (anything) became extended, and long, or tall. (Lh.) ― -b5- He went at random, or heedlessly; without consideration, or certain aim. (Lh.) ― -b6- It (a river) flowed. (TA.) ― -b7- Asbkr~t Eayonuhu His eye shed tears. (Lh.) But ISd says that this is not known in classical Arabic. (TA.) [act. part. n. of the verb above]. ― -b2- A youth, or young man, of just proportion, and full grown. (Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee, S, K.) ― -b3- Hair that hangs down; lank; not crisp: (S, K:) or of just length: or full-grown, and standing out. (TA.) ― -b4- And Anything extended, and long, or tall. (Lh.) sbl , inf. n. tasobiylN, means jaEalahu fiY sabiyli A@ll~`hi [He assigned it, or the profit, or revenue, or usufruct, thereof, to be employed in the way, meaning cause, of God, or of religion; or in the doing of anything, or all, that God has commanded, or of the works whereby one pursues the way that leads to advancement in the favour of God; he dedicated it to pious, or charitable, uses or purposes]; (K, TA;) as though [meaning] he made it a trodden way [whereby to advance] to [the favour of] God. (TA.) You say, sb~l DayoEatahu, using the verb in this sense [i. e. He assigned the profit, or revenue, or usufruct, of his estate to be employed in the cause of God, or of religion]; (S;) to be given to the wayfarer, and the poor, and the warrior against unbelievers, and others. (TA voce sabiylN.) And sb~l Alt~amarapa He assigned the profit to be employed in the ways of good works (Mgh, Msb) and the various kinds of pious deeds: (Msb:) or he made the profit to be allowable, or free, to those for whose benefit the property itself was made unalienable in perpetuity. (TA. [See an ex. in the first paragraph of art. Hbs, relating to some palm-trees which 'Omar desired to give in charity.]) -A2- sb~l, [either sab~ala or, sub~ila both app. allowable, (see the part. ns., below,)] He (a man) was, or became, long in the sabalap [q. v.]; as though he had a long sabalap given to him. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 4. The road had many passengers following, or succeeding, one another, or going repeatedly to and fro, upon it. (M, K.) -A2- Asbl A_izaArahu, (S, M, K,) inf. n. A_isobaAlN, (TA,) He let loose, let down, or lowered, his waist-wrapper; (S, M, K;) and so Als~itora the veil, or curtain, (Msb,) or he let down, let fall, or made to hang down, the veil, or curtain: (Mgh:) the former act is forbidden in a trad. (TA.) And Asblt *ayolahaA [She made her skirt to hang down; or to hang down low, so that she dragged it on the ground]; said of a woman. (M.) And Asbl vawobahu He dragged his garment [on the ground]; (O;) and ↓ sb~lhu signifies the same, (O, TA,) inf. n. tasobiylN. (TA.) And Asbl *anabahu He made his tail to hang down; he hung down his tail; said of a horse. (M.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Asbl AlmaA='a (assumed tropical:) He (a man) poured forth the water. (Msb.) And Asbl damoEahu (M, K, TA) (tropical:) He shed, or let fall, his tears. (K, TA.) -A3- The verb is also similarly used intransitively. (TA.) You say, of a part of the beard, Asbl EalaY AlS~adori [It fell, or hung down, upon the breast]. (Az, O, TA.) ― -b2- And Asbl AlmaTaru (tropical:) The rain let fall a shower, and became dense; as though it let down a curtain: (A, TA: [but accord. to this explanation, the verb is app. trans.; and the phrase, elliptical:]) or the rain fell continuously, or in consecutive showers, and in large drops: and in like manner, Ald~amoEu the tears. (S, K,) ― -b3- And Asblt Als~amaA='u (AZ, S, M, K) (assumed tropical:) The sky let fall its rain issuing from the clouds and not as yet having reached the earth: (AZ, S, TA:) or [simply] the sky rained. (K.) And Asblt A^arowaAqu AlEayoni (tropical:) The sides of the eye shed tears. (O, K, * TA, all in art. rwq.) ― -b4- And Asbl Ealayohi (tropical:) He poured forth his speech against him abundantly, [or in torrents,] (A, K, * TA,) like as rain pours. (A. TA.) -A4- Asbl Alz~aroEu The seed-produce put forth its sunobul [or ears]; (S;) and so ↓ sanobala; (S, Mgh, Msb;) or put forth its sabal, (Msb in explanation of the former,) which is syn. with sunobul, (S, M, Msb, K,) or its sabuwlap: (K in explanation of the former:) [Mtr says,] ↓ tasanobala I have not found. (Mgh.) : see 4, last sentence: -A2- and art. snbl. : see 4, last sentence. A thing that one has let loose, let down, let fall, or made to hang down, and to drag [on the ground]; like as na$arN signifies “ a thing that one has spread ” &c.: whence the trad., mano jar~a sabalahu mina AlxuyalaA='i laA yanoZuru A@ll~`hu yawoma Alqiy`mapi [He who drags what he has made to hang down of his garment from pride, or self-conceit, God will not look towards him on the day of resurrection]: (O:) or sabalN means garments made to hang down [so as to drag]; and is pl. of ↓ sabalapN; [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which sabalapN is the n. un.;] whence jar~a sabalatahu, (TA,) which means [He dragged his garment; though said to mean,] his garments. (K, TA.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) Rain: (S, M, K:) or rain issuing from the clouds and not as yet having reached the earth: (AZ, S, TA:) or flowing rain: and likewise flowing blood. (Ham p. 359.) ― -b3- [Hence, app., as indicating swiftness,] sabalu is the name of (assumed tropical:) A certain mare, (S, K,) an excellent mare, said by As to have been the mother of A^aEowaju, and to have belonged to [the tribe of] Ghanee. (S, TA.) ― -b4- And sabalN [or sabalu as a fem. proper name] is a name for (assumed tropical:) A ewe, or she-goat: and such is called to be milked by saying sabalo sabalo. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) -A2- Also i. q. ↓ sunobulN, (S, M, Msb, K,) which signifies The ears of corn: (MA: [and in like manner both are expl. in the KL, but as singulars, app. because used as gen. ns.:]) n. un. of the former with ↓ p, and so of ↓ the latter: and the pl. of ↓ sunobulN, which is of the measure funoEulN, is sanaAbilu: (Msb:) or this is pl. of sunobulapN, (S,) as also sunobulaAtN: (Kur xii. 43 and 46:) or sunobulapN [in the CK (erroneously) subolap] signifies an ear of corn [so I render zaroEapN (in the CK zuroEap)] that is bending, or inclining, as also ↓ sabuwlapN [mentioned in one of my two copies of the S as syn. with sunobulapN but not in the other copy] and ↓ subuwlapN (M, K) and ↓ sabalapN; (K;) or, accord. to Lth, ↓ sabuwlapN signifies an ear (sunobulap) of millet (*urap), and of rice, and the like, when bending, or inclining: (O, TA:) and some say that sabalN signifies spreading, or expanding, awn of the sunobul [or ears of corn]; (M, TA;) or the extremities thereof; (TA;) and the pl. is subuwlN; (M;) or sbwl is syn. with sunobulN, in the dial. of bnw hmyAn [?]. (TA.) ↓ Als~unobulapu is also the name of A certain sign of the Zodiac [i. e. Virgo]: (S in the present art., and K in art. snbl:) [or Spica Virginis;] a star in Virgo; thus called by astrologers; also called Als~imaAku AlA^aEozalu. (Kzw. [See art. smk.]) AlT~iybi ↓ sunobulu is A well-known plant, [spikenard, which is called in the present day Als~unobulu AlhinodiY~u,] brought from India. (O. [See also art. snbl.]) ― -b2- Also sing. of A^asobaAlN, which signifies (assumed tropical:) The uppermost parts of a bucket, (O,) or the lips thereof: (S:) or ↓ sabalapN is the sing. of A^asobaAlN in these senses; and signifies (tropical:) the head of a vessel [like as it signifies the “ ear, ” which is the “ head, ” of a culm of wheat &c.]. (TA.) You say, malaA^ahaA A_ilaY A^asobaAlihaA (tropical:) He filled it (i. e. the winecup, AlkaA^osa, M, TA, or the bucket, Ald~alowa, O) to its edges, (M, K, TA,) and to its lips. (K.) And a poet says, (S,) namely Bá'ith Ibn- Sureym El-Yeshkuree, (TA,) A_i*o A^arosaluwniY maAtiHFA bidilaAy^ihimo famalaA^otuhuA EalaqFA A_ilaY A^asobaAlihaA [When they sent me drawing with their buckets, and I filled them with blood to their brims]: he says, they sent me seeking to execute their blood-revenges, and I slew many: AlEalaq meaning “ blood. ” (S, TA. [See also Ham p. 268, where some different readings are mentioned; and it is said that the AsbAl may mean the knots that are connected with the cross-pieces of wood of the bucket.]) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) A number of spears, few or many. (K. [Perhaps because their heads are likened to the heads of corn.]) -A3- Also The nose: (K:) pl. sibaAlN: so in the Moheet. (TA.) One says, A^arogama A@ll~`hu sabalahu [May God make his nose to cleave to the earth, or dust: or (assumed tropical:) abase, or humble, him]. (TA.) -A4- And Garments made of the hards, or hurds, of flax of the coarsest of qualities: and so ↓ sabalapN [if one of these words be not a mistranscription for the other]. (TA.) -A5- And A certain disease in the eye, [thus riyHu Als~abali is expl. in the M,] resembling a film, as though it were the web of a spider, with red veins: (S:) or a film of the eye, from the swelling, or inflation, of its external veins upon the surface of the mulotaHimap, (K,) which is one of the layers of the eye, (TA,) [namely, the tunica albuginea, or white of the eye, so called in the present day,] and the appearance of a web, or thing woven, between the two, [i. e. between those veins and the white tunic,] like smoke: (K:) or a film covering the eye; as though from A_isobaAlo meaning the “ letting down ” of a veil, or curtain. (Mgh.) -A6- Also A reviling, or vilifying. (K.) One says, bayoniY wa bayonahu sabalN Between me and him is a reviling, or vilifying: so in the Moheet. (TA.) [is app. a possessive epithet, meaning Having length and flaccidity]. xuSoyapN sabilapN means [A scrotum] that is long (M, K, TA) and flaccid. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A rain of wide extent. (IAar, O, K.) : see sabalN, in five places. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The $aArib [or mustache]: (S:) or the daAy^irap [or small protuberance termed Hivorimap, q. v.,] in the middle of the upper lip: or the hair that is upon [app. meaning of] the $aArib; (M, K;) whence the saying, TaAlato sabalatuka faquS~ahaA [thy hair of the mustache has become long, therefore clip it]; and it is tropical: (TA:) or the extremity of that hair: (M, K:) or the two mustaches together: (M, K: *) or what is upon the chin, to the extremity of the beard: or the fore part of the beard: (M, K:) or what hangs down, of, or from, the fore part of the beard: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or, accord. to Az, it signifies, with the Arabs, the fore part of the beard, and what hangs down thereof, or therefrom, upon the breast: or, accord. to IDrd, some of them apply it to the extremity of the beard; and some, to the hair of the mustache that hangs down on the beard: in a trad., in which it is said that he [Mohammad] was full in the sabalap, Az says that it means the hairs beneath the lower jaw: accord. to AZ, it is what appears, of the fore part of the beard, after [or exclusive of] the hair of the side of each cheek and the Euvonuwn [here app. meaning the portion of the beard next the front of the throat], and what is concealed [thereof]: (TA:) or, accord. to Th, the beard altogether: (M:) the pl. is sibaAlN, (S, K,) [to which p is sometimes added, agreeably with a common license, as appears from an ex. in what follows,] and sabalaAtN, occurring in the saying, A_in~ahu la*uw sabalaAtK, mentioned by Lh, in which the term sabalap is made to apply to every separate portion [so that the meaning is, Verily he has a sabalap]. (M.) One says, of enemies, humo Suhobu Als~ibaAli (assumed tropical:) [They are red, or reddish, in respect of the mustaches, &c.: see art. Shb]. (TA.) And of a man who has come threatening, one says, jaA='a fulaAnN wa qado na$ara sabalatahu (tropical:) [Such a one came having spread out his mustache, &c.]. (K, * TA.) And in a trad. respecting Dhu-th-Thudeiyeh, [see art. vdY,] it is said, Ealayohi $uEayoraAtN mivolu sibaAlapi Als~in~awori [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Having upon him small hairs like the whiskers of the cat]. TA.) ― -b3- sabalapu AlbaEiyri means (assumed tropical:) The part of the camel, in which he is stabbed, or stuck, in the uppermost part of the breast; (T, M;) called also the tariybap: (T:) or the fur that flows down upon that part of the camel. (M, K. [In the CK, manoxarih is erroneously put for manoHarihi.]) You say lataba fiY sabalapi Aln~aAqapi, meaning (assumed tropical:) He stabbed, or stuck, the she-camel in the part above mentioned: (M in art. ltb: [in the K, in the present art., kataba is erroneously put, in this phrase, in the place of lataba:]) Az heard an Arab of the desert say latama fiY sabalapi baEiyrihi, [which means the same as lataba,] and he supposes the sabalap to be hairs in the part above mentioned. (TA.) You say also, baEiyrN Hasanu Als~abalapi, meaning (assumed tropical:) [A camel goodly in respect of] the thinness of his skin (jilodihi): so in the O and K: but accord. to the T, of his cheek (xad~ihi); and this is probably the right explanation. (TA.) : see A^asobalu. A way, road, or path; (S, M, Msb, K;) and what is open, or conspicuous, thereof; (M, K;) and Er-Rághib adds, wherein is easiness: (TA:) and ↓ sabiylapN signifies the same: (Ibn- 'Abbád, K:) the former is masc. and fem.; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) like zuqaAqN; (Msb;) made fem. by the people of El-Hijáz, and masc. by Temeem; (Akh, S voce zuqaAqN;) but mostly fem.; (IAth, TA;) in the Kur it is made masc. in vii. 143, and fem. in xii. 108: (S, M, TA:) pl. subulN, (M, K,) or, accord. to ISk, it has this pl. when masc., and subuwlN, like EunuwqN when fem., (Msb, [but this distinction and the latter pl. are both strange,]) and it has also as a pl. [of pauc.] A^asobilapN. (TA.) In the saying, wa EalaY A@ll~`hi qaSodu Als~abiyli [And upon God it rests to show the right way (see art. qSd)], (M, K,) in the Kur [xvi. 9], (M,) it is used as a gen. n., because it is added, wa minohaA jaAy^irN. (M, K.) ― -b2- Aibonu Als~abiyli means (assumed tropical:) The son of the road; (M, K;) he whom the road has brought, or [as it were] brought forth; (IB;) the wayfarer, or traveller: (Mgh, Msb:) or he who travels much or often: (TA:) or the traveller who is far from his place of abode: (Er-Rághib:) as used in the verse of the Kur, (M, Mgh, Msb,) ix, 60, (M,) it means the person to whom the way has become cut short [so that he is unable to continue his journey]; (M, K;) to which has been added, who desires to return to his country, or town, and finds not what will suffice him: (TA:) or the traveller who is cut off from his property: (Mgh, Msb:) or the person who desires to go to a country, or town, other than his own, for a necessary affair: or, accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, the guest who has become disabled from proceeding in his journey, his means having failed him: to such should be given as much as will suffice him to his home. (TA.) ― -b3- taqoTaEuwna Als~abiyla, in the Kur [xxix. 28], means (assumed tropical:) [And ye cut off] the way of offspring [by your unnatural practices]: or and ye oppose yourselves to men in the roads [or road] for the purpose of that which is excessively, or enormously, foul or abominable. (TA.) ― -b4- [sabiylu A@ll~`hi means (assumed tropical:) The way, or cause, of God, or of religion; or the way whereby one seeks approach to God, or advancement in his favour.] It is said in the Kur [ii. 191], wa A^anofiquwA fiY sabiyli A@ll~`hi, meaning (assumed tropical:) And expend ye in warring against unbelievers and the like, and in every good work commanded by God; (M, K;) such being of the ways [that lead] to God: (M:) mostly used in relation to warring against unbelievers and the like. (M, K.) And in the same, iii. 163, A@l~a*iyna qutiluwA fiY sabiyli A@ll~`hi, meaning [Who have been slain in the cause of God, or of his religion, i. e.,] for the sake of the religion of God. (Jel.) And you say, jaEala DayoEatahu fiY sabiyli A@ll~`hi (assumed tropical:) [He made his estate to have its profit, or revenue, or usufruct, employed in the cause of God, or of religion]. (S.) ― -b5- sabiylN also signifies (assumed tropical:) A means of access; a connexion, or a tie: so in the saying, in the Kur [xxv. 29], yaA layotaniY A@t~axa*otu maEa A@lr~asuwli sabiylFA (assumed tropical:) [O would that I had obtained, with the Apostle, a means of access to Paradise]: (S, Msb, TA:) thus it has been explained: (TA:) or the meaning is, [O would that I had taken, with the Apostle,] a way to safety: or one way, the way of truth. (Bd.) ― -b6- [Also, in the present day, applied to A public drinking-fountain.] and subuwlapN: see sabalN, in three places. : see sabiylN, first sentence. Travelling upon a road: pl. sawaAbilu and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ saAbilapN; (TA:) this last signifies travellers, (S, M, *) or a company of people, (Mgh, K,) following, or succeeding, one another, or going repeatedly to and fro, (S, M, Mgh, K,) upon the roads, (S, Mgh,) or upon the road, (M, K,) for the accomplishment of their wants: it is made fem. as denoting a jamaAEap. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also, ↓ saAbilapN, (TA in art. $gr,) or sabiylN saAbilapN, (M, K, * TA,) A travelled road; (M, K, TA;) a beaten road. (TA in art. $gr.) -A2- gayovN saAbilN (assumed tropical:) Rain falling continuously, or in successive showers, and in large drops, and copiously. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. and sunobulapN: see sabalN, in five places: and see also art. snbl. the name of A certain fountain in Paradise: determinate; [without tenween;] but occurring at the end of a verse of the Kur [lxxvi. 18], (Akh, S, K,) and being with fet-h, (Akh, S,) A is added to it, (Akh, S, K,) for the sake of conformity [with the endings of other verses before and after it]. (K.) See also art. slsbl. (tropical:) A man long in the sabalap [q. v., here said in the TA to mean the beard, but this is questionable], as also ↓ sabalaAniY~N and ↓ musobilN and ↓ musobalN and ↓ musab~ilN and ↓ musab~alN. (M, K, TA.) ― -b2- And the fem., sabolaA='u, (assumed tropical:) A woman having hair in the place of the mustache. (TA.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) An eye having long lashes. (M, K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. A man lengthening his garment, and making it to hang down to the ground. (IAar, TA.) [And in like manner,] applied to a woman, [though without p,] Who has made her skirt to hang down [app. to the ground]. (M.) ― -b2- See also A^asobalu. ― -b3- And Almusobilu signifies (tropical:) The penis: (M, K, TA:) because of its pendulousness. (TA.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) The [lizard called] Dab~. (K.) ― -b5- And the fifth of the arrows used in the game called Almayosir: (M, K:) or the sixth of those arrows, (Lh, S, M, K,) also called AlmuSofaHu, (S,) in which are six notches, and to which are assigned six shares [of the slaughtered camel] if it win, and six fines if it do not win: (M:) pl. AlmasaAbilu. (TA.) ― -b6- And musobilN is one of the names of Dhul-Hijjeh; (M, K; *) of the time of 'Ád. (M.) : see A^asobalu. ― -b2- Also An ugly old man: (K:) app. because of the length of his beard. (TA.) : see A^asobalu. sbY , (S, M, Msb, K,) wa gayorahu, (M,) aor. yasobiY, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. saboYN (S, M, Msb, K) and sibaA='N, (S, M, K,) or ↓ the latter is a simple subst., as also ↓ sibFA or sibFY, (Msb,) He made captive, captived, or took prisoner, [the enemy, and other than an enemy;] (S, K;) as also ↓ AisotabaAhu. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] tasobiY qaloba Alr~ajuli (assumed tropical:) [She captivates the heart of the man], said of a woman. (S.) ― -b3- And sabayotu qalobahu and ↓ Aisotabayotuhu (assumed tropical:) I captivated his heart. (M.) And qaloba ↓ Aisotabato AlfataY, said of a girl, or young woman, i. q. sabatohu [i. e. (assumed tropical:) She captivated the heart of the youth, or young man.] (TA.) ― -b4- One says also, A_in~a All~ayola TawiylN wa laA A^usoba lahu and lA A^usobaY lh, the latter on the authority of Lh, who says that it means a prayer, (M, TA,) for which reason the verb [in the former instance] is in the mejzoom form, (TA,) i. e. [Verily the night is long, and] may I not be made as the captive [to it]. (M, TA.) ― -b5- sabaY Alxamora, (S, M, K,) aor. as above, (M,) inf. n. saboYN and sibaA='N, (T, M, K,) though J says only the latter, (K,) He conveyed wine from one town, or country, to another; (S, K;) or he brought wine from one land to another; as also ↓ AisotabaAhaA: (M:) [and] so sabaA^ahaA, with hemz: (Msb:) or sabaA^otu, with hemz, means “ I bought ” (S, M) wine, to drink it. (S. [See art. sbA^.]) ― -b6- sabaAhu A@ll~`hu, (ISk, S, M, K,) aor. as above, (S,) inf. n. saboYN, (S, M,) God estranged him; (ISk, S, M, K;) removed him far away; (S, K;) and cursed him: (M:) or it is like the saying laEanahu A@ll~`hu: (S:) [or may God estrange him; &c.:] one says, maA lahu sabaAhu A@ll~`hu [What ails him? May God estrange him; &c.]. (TA.) ― -b7- sabaY AlmaA='a, (M, K,) aor. as above, (M,) inf. n. saboYN, (TA,) He dug until he reached the water. (M, K.) (assumed tropical:) He manifested, or showed, love, or affection, to him; and became inclined to him. (TA.) They made one another captive. (Az, K.) see 1, in four places. i. q. ↓ masobiY~N [i. e. Made captive]; (M;) or Als~aboYu signifies maA yusobaY [i.e. what is made captive; but I rather think that the right explanation is mano yusobaY i. e the person who is made captive; agreeably with what follows]: pl. subiY~N: (M, K:) one says qawomN saboYN [a company, or party, of men made captive]; the latter word in this case being an inf. n. used as an epithet; [therefore, as such, it is applicable to a single person, male or female, as well as to a pl. number;] and accord. to As, one says not otherwise than thus in speaking of a company, or party, of men: (Msb, TA:) [but] ↓ sabiY~N is [also] applied to a single person, to the male and the female, (M, K,) i. e. to the latter, as to the former, without p, (M,) as meaning made captive: (K:) or sabiY~N is applied to a boy, or young man, or male slave, as also ↓ masobiY~N; and sabiy~apN to a girl, or young woman, or female slave, as also ↓ masobiy~apN; (Msb;) or to a woman, in this sense: (S:) and the pl. of ↓ sabiY~N, (M, K,) or of sabiy~apN, (Msb,) is sabaAyaA, (M, Msb, K,) applied to women. (M.) ― -b2- Also Women, (IAar, M, K,) universally; (IAar, M;) because they captivate the hearts; or because they are made captive, and possessed as property. (M, K.) : see sabiY~N. -A2- Also A tribe of El-Yemen; regarded as a HaY~, perfectly decl.; and regarded as a qabiylap, [and therefore a fem. proper name,] imperfectly decl. [and written sabaA]: (M, TA:) or, as is said in the Msb, it is the name of a town, or province, in El-Yemen; masc., and therefore perfectly decl.; and fem., and therefore imperfectly decl.; called by the name of its builder: (TA:) [hence,] one says, *ahabuwA A^ayodiY sabaA and A^ayaAdiY sabaA, [making the last word to be without tenween either as a fem. proper name or because of pausing after it,] i. e. They went away scattered, or dispersed: (S, M, K:) J says, (TA,) they are two nouns made one, like maEodiY kariba, perfectly decl. because not occurring otherwise than as a denotative of state, [and therefore indeterminate,] whether you make the former to be a prefixed noun governing the latter in the gen. case, or do not so. (S, TA. [See also art. sbA^.]) -A3- In a verse of 'Alkameh Ibn-'Abadeh, the phrase bisabaA Alkat~aAni is used for bisabaAy^ibi Alkat~aAni. (M in art. sb: see sib~N.) or sibFY: see 1, first sentence. : see sabiY~N. : see 1, first sentence. : see saboYN, in two places. ― -b2- Also, (K,) or EuwdN sabiY~N, (M,) A branch, or piece of stick or wood, brought by a torrent from one tract, or region, to another, (M, K,) or from a distant place; (M;) and ↓ sabaA='N and ↓ sabFA signify the same. (K.) ― -b3- sabiY~u AlHay~api The slough of the serpent; (M, * K;) as also sabiyw^uhaA. (K in art. sbA^. [Accord. to different copies of the K in the present art., sabo'N or sibo'N or saboYN, all of which are wrong.]) ― -b4- sabiy~apN [or dur~apN sabiy~apN] A pearl, or large pearl, brought out by the diver (K, TA,) from the sea. (TA.) ― -b5- Also, [or xamorN sabiy~apN,] Wine brought from one town, or country, to another: (S, M, K:) if bought to be drunk, it is termed sabiyoy^apN, with ': (S, M:) or, perhaps, the former may be an instance of the alleviation of '. (M. [See also sabiyoy^apN in art. sbA^.]) The ma$iymap [or membrane enclosing the fœtus in the womb], which come forth with the young: (S, K:) or a thin pellicle over the nose of the fœtus, which dies if it be not removed from it at the birth: (K:) or the water that comes forth upon the head of the fœtus, (T, M,) [i. e.] at the birth: (T:) pl. sawaAbiY [or sawaAbK]. (S.) ― -b2- Hence, as being likened thereto, because of its fineness, (M,) (assumed tropical:) The dust of the burrows, or holes, of the jerboa; (K;) or fine dust which the jerboa extracts from its burrow, or hole: said by Abu-l-'Abbás to be [one] of the burrows, or holes, of the jerboa; but this saying of his has been rebutted. (M.) ― -b3- Hence also, (M,) (tropical:) Increase or offspring [of camels or the like]; (S, M, K, TA;) called by the name of that from which they come: (M, TA:) or (so accord. to the M, but accord. to the K “ and ”) camels for breeding: and numerous cattle: (M, K:) or also sheep, or goats, having numerous offspring: (T, S, K:) and it is also applied to denote a large number [app. of animals &c.]. (TA.) One says, liA=li fulaAnK saAbiyaA='u, meaning (tropical:) [To such a one belong] numerous cattle. (TA.) A streak of blood; (AO, S, M, K;) as also ↓A^usobiy~apN: (M, TA:) pl. A^asaAbiY~u. (AO, S, M, K.) ― -b2- And An extended thread or string of [goats'] hair. (TA.) ― -b3- And [the pl.] A^asaAbiY~u signifies The conspicuous tracks of a road. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. ; and its fem., with p: see saboYN, in three places. st , [aor. , accord to rule, and inf. n. app. sat~N, q. v.,] He attributed or imputed to him, or charged him with, or accused him of, a fault, or defect, or the like; as also sad~ahu; syn. EaAbahu. (TA. [The sense in which EAbh is there used is indicated by the context.]) a dial. var. of AisotN: see the latter word in art. sth, in two places. Foul, or evil, speech or language. (IAar, K.) ― -b2- And also, [like sad~N,] A fault, or defect, or the like; syn. EayobN. (K.) : see sit~apN, of which it is the fem. ― -b2- sit~iY said to a woman means, (K, TA,) accord. to the explanation of IAmb, (TA,) yaA sit~a jihaAtiY [O thou who occupiest the six places in relation to me; or, who art above me, below me, before me, behind me, on my right, and on my left]: (K, TA:) as though alluding to her holding the speaker in her possession: (TA:) or it is an incorrect expression; (K;) or it is vulgar, and held in low estimation; (IAar, TA;) and is correctly say~idatiY [my lady, or my mistress]: (K:) it may be regarded as a contraction of say~idatiY, accord. to Esh-Shiháb El-Kásimee: (TA:) and Es-seyyid 'Eesà Es-Safawee says that it should not be restricted to the class of expression used as vocatives. (MF, TA.) (Lth, T, S, M) and ↓ sit~a, (Lth, T, S, M, K,) the former masc. and the latter fem., (S,) [signifying Six,] are originally sidosapN (Lth, T, M) and sidosN; (Lth, T, S, M, K;) the latter s is changed into t, and the d is incorporated into it; (Lth, T, S, M, K;) for the dim, of sit~apN is sudayosapN [and that of sit~N is sudayosN], and the pl. is A^asodaAsN. (Lth, T, S.) You say, EinodiY sit~apu rijaAlK wa nisowapK [I have with me, or at my abode, six men and women], i. e., three men and three women: and you may say, EinodiY sit~apu rijaAlK wa nisowapN, meaning, six men, and also women: and in like manner you do in the ease of any number that can be divided so as to apply to two plurals, as six and seven and the higher numbers: but in the case of a number that cannot be divided so as to apply to two plurals, as five and four and three, you put the latter noun in the nom. case only, saying, for ex., EinodiY xamosapu rijaAlK wa nisowapN. (ISk, S.) [Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which sit~ap is imperfectly decl., see valaAvapN and tisoEapF.] ― -b2- sit~apa Ea$ara [indecl. in every case, meaning Sixteen,] is pronounced by some of the Arabs sit~apa Eo$ara: and [the fem.] sit~a Ea$orapa, thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced sit~a Ea$irapa in the dial of Nejd. (S in art. E$r.) ― -b3- sit~umiAy^apK [meaning Six hundred] should be written thus, without separating the two words; because sit~N is originally sidosN and the union of the two words is to compensate for the incorporation of the d into the t. (El-Hareeree, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Ar., p. 72 of the Arabic text.) [Sixty,] one of the tenfold numbers, (M, TA,) namely, that between xamosuwna and saboEuwna, (TA,) is derived from sit~N. (M, TA.) ― -b2- [Also Sixtieth.] [Sixth]. You say, jaA='a fulaAnN saAdisFA and saAdiyFA and saAt~FA [Such a one came sixth]; sAdsA being formed from sidosN; and sAt~A, from sit~apN and sit~N: in sAdyA, the [latter] s [of sAdsA] is changed into Y; for certain letters in other cases are sometimes so changed; as in A^am~aA and A^ayomaA and tasan~ana and tasan~aY, and taqaD~aDa and taqaD~aY, and talaE~aEa and talaE~aY, and tasar~ara and tasar~aY. (ISk, S.) : see arts. Ast and sth: it is properly mentioned in the latter art., being originally satahN. (S, TA.) str , aor. (S, M) and , (M,) inf. n. satorN (S, M) and satarN, (M,) He, or it, veiled, concealed, or hid, a thing; (M;) covered it: (S:) and ↓ st~r signifies the same, (M,) [or has an intensive sense, or denotes frequency or repetition of the action, or its application to many objects: accord. to Golius, “ sub velo, obtenso eo [sic], ne quis vir intueretur eam, custodivit puellam: et clam asservavit habuitque eam: ” as on the authority of the KL: in which I find nothing of the kind but tasotiyrN expl. by the words dr Prdh dA$tn (to have or hold, within a curtain.] ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) He protected another. (The Lexicons passim.) -A2- saturato, inf. n. sataArapN, (tropical:) She (a woman) was, or became, satiyrap, (A,) i. e., modest, or bashful. (M.) ― -b2- And satura, inf. n. sitorN, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, intelligent. (M.) see the preceding paragraph. , inf. n. musaAtarapN, (tropical:) [He concealed enmity with him]. (A.) [See also the act. part. n., below.] and 7: see the next paragraph. and ↓ tst~r (S, M, K) and ↓ Anstr (IAar, M) It became veiled, concealed, or hidden; or it veiled, concealed, or hid, itself: (M:) it became covered; or it covered itself. (S, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] fulaAnN laA yasotatiru mina A@ll~`hi bisitorK (tropical:) [Such a one does not protect himself from the displeasure of God by piety; i. e.,] such a one does not fear God. (A, TA.) and ↓ sutorapN [which latter see also below] and ↓ sitaArapN (S, M, K) and ↓ sitaArN (K) and ↓ satarapN and ↓ A_isotaArN (TA) and ↓ A_isotaArapN, (M, K,) which last is only known to occur in one instance, in a trad., (M, TA,) and ↓ misotarN, (M, K,) Anything by which a person or thing is veiled, concealed, hidden, or covered; a veil; a curtain; a screen; a cover; a covering; a covert; (S, M, K:) [and the first and second, anything by which one is protected, or sheltered:] the pl. of sitorN is sutuwrN and A^asotaArN (S, M, K) [the latter a pl. of pauc.] and suturN; (M, TA;) which last is also pl. of ↓ sitaArN, (K,) like as kutubN is of kitaAbN; (TA;) and the pl. of ↓ sitaArapN is sataAy^iru. (S, K.) ↓ [Hence the phrase] hataka A@ll~`hu sitorahu [lit., God rent open, or may God rend open, his veil, or covering; meaning,] (tropical:) God manifested, or made known, or may God manifest, or make known, his vices, or faults: (A:) [or God disgraced, or dishonoured, him, or exposed him to disgrace, or dishonour, or may God disgrace or dishonour him &c.] And mad~a All~ayolu A^asotaArahu (tropical:) [Night spread its curtains]. (A.) And All~ayoli ↓ A^amud~u A_ilaY A@ll~`hi yadaY~a taHota sitaAri (tropical:) [I stretch forth my hands in supplication to God beneath the veil of night]. (A.) ― -b2- sitorN also signifies (tropical:) Fear. (K.) [Because by it one protects himself from the displeasure of God. See 8.] And (tropical:) Modesty, or bashfulness. (K.) One says, maA lifulaAnK sitorN wa laA HijorN (tropical:) Such a one has not modesty nor intelligence. (TA.) ― -b3- And Intelligence; syn. EaqolN. (M.) In the K it is explained by EamalN; but this appears to be a mistranscription, for EaqolN. (TA.) A shield. (M, K.) : see sitorN. ― -b2- Its predominant application is to A thing which a person praying sets up before him; [sticking it in the ground, or laying it down if the ground be hard, in order that no living being or image may be the object next before him;] such as a whip, and a staff having a pointed iron at its lower extremity. (Mgh.) [See EanazapN: and see my “ Modern Egyptians, ” 5th ed., p. 72.] ― -b3- Also A parapet, or surrounding wall, of a flat house-top. (Mgh.) ― -b4- And i. q. Zul~apN [q. v.]. (Mgh.) : see sitorN. : see satiyrN, in two places. : see sitorN, in three places. (S, M, K) and ↓ masotuwrN, (S, A, K,) applied to a man, (S, A, &c.,) and satiyrapN (S, M, A, K) and satiyrN and ↓ satirapN, (M,) applied to a girl (S) or female, (M, &c.,) [properly Veiled, concealed, or covered. ― -b2- And hence,] (tropical:) Modest; bashful; (M;) chaste: (S, K:) pl. of satiyrN, as masc., sutaraA='u; (M;) and of ↓ masotuwrN, [masotuwruwna and] masaAtiyru; (A;) and, app. of satiyrN [as fem.] and satiyrapN also, sataAy^iru; and the pl. of ↓ satirapN is satiraAtN only, accord. to a rule laid down by Sb. (M.) ― -b3- $ajarN satiyrN (tropical:) Trees having many boughs or branches. (A.) -A2- satiyrN applied to God is of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure faAEilN, meaning (assumed tropical:) Veiling, or protecting; a veiler, or protector. (TA.) : see sitorN, in two places. ― -b2- Also The piece of skin that is upon the nail. (K.) One who veils, or conceals, [much, or often; or who does so] well. (KL.) [Hence,] Aall~`hu sat~aAru AlEuyuwbi (tropical:) God is He who is wont to veil vices, or faults]. (A.) ― -b2- And The keeper of the curtain [that hangs over, and closes, the door of a chamber]. (MA.) : see sitorN. -A2- Also Four: (S, M, A, K:) said by Aboo-Sa'eed and Az to be arabicized, from the Pers. JahaAro: pl. A^asaAtiyru and A^asaAtiru. (TA.) It is applied to men: (S, M:) and you also say, A^akalotu A_isotaArFA mina Alxabozi meaning I have eaten four cakes of bread. (TA.) ― -b2- And The fourth of a party of people. (TA.) ― -b3- And The weight of four mithkáls (mavaAqiyl) and a half: (S, K: [see riTolN:]) likewise arabicized: (Az:) [app. from the Greek σατὴρ:] pl. A^asaAtiyru. (S.) : see sitorN. : see sitorN. : see satiyrN, in two places. ― -b2- HijaAbFA masotuwrFA, in the Kur xvii. 47, means A veil covered by another veil; implying the thickness of the veil: (S:) or mstwrA is here of the measure mafoEuwlN in the sense of the measure faAEilN, like maA^otiy~FA in the Kur xix. 62, (S, M,) which some say is the only other instance of the kind; (TA;) and Th explains it as signifying preventing, or hindering, or obstructing; and says that it is of the measure mafoEuwlo because the veil itself is hidden from man. (M.) A girl kept behind, or within, the curtain. (S.) (tropical:) [He is a wheedler, or cajoler, who conceals enmity]. (A.) stq (S, Mgh, K) and sut~uwqN, (S, K,) [said to be] the only instances of the kind except sb~wH and qd~ws and *r~wH, all of which are with damm and with fet-h, (S,) [but see sub~uwHN,] as also ↓ tusotuwqN, (K,) this last mentioned by Lh on the authority of a desert-Arab of Kelb, (TA,) applied to a dirhem, Such as is termed zayofN (S, K) and nabahorajN (S) or bahorajN (K) [i. e. bad, &c.]; worthless; (TA;) coated with silver: (K:) accord. to ElKarkhee, such as consists for the most part of brass or of copper: and it is said in the “ Risáleh Yoosufeeyeh ” that the ↓ sat~uwqap it is unlawful to take, as being fuluws [which means certain small coins of copper; whence it seems that st~wqp has a pl. meaning, though otherwise it would seem to be a sing. subst.]: it is said to be arabicized, from siho tuw, (Mgh, TA,) which is Pers., meaning “ three fold; ” as is [thought to be] indicated by its being said to be coated with silver. (TA.) : see the preceding paragraph. : see the preceding paragraph. (S, O, K) and musotuqapN, (O, K,) the latter allowed by Ibn-'Abbád, (O,) A fur-garment, (farowap, K,) or one of what are termed firaA=', (S, O,) with long sleeves: (S, O, K:) accord. to A'Obeyd, (S, O,) arabicized, from the Pers. mu$otaho: [or app., in the sense above expl., from the Pers. mu$otiY; and in the sense following, from the former Pers. word:] pl. masaAtiqu. (S, O.) ― -b2- Also An instrument with which the Sanoj [q. v.] and the like are beaten. (K.) sth , (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. satohN, (S,) He struck his Aisot; (S, K;) i. e. a man's. (S. [See Aisot below.]) ― -b2- And, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He followed him from behind, (K, TA,) not quitting him; because following his Aisot. (TA.) He (a man) was, or became, large in the buttocks. (TA.) and sutohN: see AisotN, below. : see AisotN, below, in two places. : see AisotN, below, in two places. -A2- Also Largeness of the Aisot. (S, K.) ; and its fem., with p: see A^asotahu, in two places: and see what next follows. Of, or relating to, the Aisot; and in the same sense, if you will, you may say ↓ AisotiY~N; and ↓ satihN also, with kesr to the t, like as they said HariHN. (S.) : see A^asotahu, in three places. dim. of AisotN, from the original of the latter, i. e. satahN. (TA.) : see A^asotahu, in two places. : see what next follows. , thus correctly, in the handwriting of Sgh, on the authority of Fr; in the K, ↓ sutayohiY~N; (TA;) One who always walks, or goes, at the rear of a people, or party, (IB, K, TA,) remaining behind them, and looking to their goods. (IB, TA.) (S, Mgh, K, written with the conjunctive hemzeh, Msb in art. Ast) and ↓ satahN (S Mgh, K) and ↓ satohN (K) and ↓ sitohN (CK [but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the TA, and of doubtful authority, as will be seen from what follows,]) signify the same, (S, * Mgh, * K,) i. e. The podex, buttock or buttocks, posteriors, rump, or croup; and sometimes the anus; (S;) ↓ satahN being the original form, as is shown by the pl., (S, Mgh,) which is A^asotaAhN; (S, Mgh, K;) like jamalN and A^ajomaAlN: it may not be [↓ sitohN and ↓ sutohN] like ji*oEN and qufolN, of which the pls. are also of the measure A^afoEaAlN, because, when you restore the ' which is the final radical, and reject the medial radical [which is t], you say sahN, with fet-h, (S, Mgh, *) which has both of the meanings expl. above, as also suhN, (K,) but [SM says,] this last, mentioned by the author of the K, is strange, and I have not seen it on the authority of any one [else]: (TA:) and some say satN, (IKh, S, Mgh, TA,) suppressing the final radical [of satahN], (S,) i. e., without h at the end and without hemzeh [or A] at the beginning. (TA.) [All are of the fem. gender.] It is said in a trad., AlEayonu wikaA='u Als~ahi, or, as some relate it, Als~ati, (S, Mgh, TA,) [The eye is the tie of the anus,] meaning that when one [closes the eye and] sleeps, the tie of the sah becomes loosed, and the excrement and wind issue. (TA.) And A^abuw AlA^asotaAhi means He who has large posteriors. (Az, TA.) biA@soti fulaAnK is a phrase of the Arabs significant of reviling; (S;) said when holding one in contempt; meaning laSiqa AlEaAru biA@soti fulaAnK (assumed tropical:) [May disgrace cleave to the Ast of such a one]. (Mgh.) And yaA A@bona A@sotihaA (tropical:) [O son of her Ast], (K, TA,) a prov. of the Arabs, (TA,) is an allusion to one's father's A_iHomaAD [see 2 in art. HmD] of the former's mother; (Z, TA;) and is said to mean A^an~ahu wulida mini A@sotihaA: (TA:) and the Arabs called the sons of the female slave banuw A@sotihaA. (Sh, TA.) And one says to a man who is deemed abject and weak, Aisotu A^um~ika A^aDoyaqu [lit. Thy mother's Ast is too contracted], and Aisotuka A^aDoyaqu mino A^ano tafoEala ka*aA wa ka*aA [Thine Ast is too contracted, meaning (assumed tropical:) thine ability is too small, for thy doing such and such things]: (TA: [see also Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 607:]) and A^anotumo A^aDoyaqu A^asotaAhFA mino A^ano tafoEaluwhu [in like manner] is an allusion to inability [meaning (assumed tropical:) Ye are unable to do it]. (K.) The saying of a poet, wa A^anota makaAnuka mino waAy^ilK makaAnu AlquraAdi mini A@soti Aljamalo (tropical:) [And thou, thy place in the tribe of Wáïl is like the place of the tick in the rump of the camel,] is tropical; for they do not [properly] say Aisotu Aljamali, but Eajuzu Aljamali. (S.) One says also to a man who is deemed low, or base, A^anota AlAisotu Als~ufolaY, (TA,) and Ant Alsb~ahu Als~ufolaY, meaning (assumed tropical:) Thou art among others in the condition of the Ast of mankind: (S, TA:) and of low, or base, men, one says, h`w^ulaA='i AlA^asotaAhu; and of such as are excellent, h`w^ulaA='i AlA^aEoyaAnu, and Alwujuwhu. (TA.) And one says, laqiytu minohu A@sota Alkalobapi, (A, K,) a prov., (TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) I experienced from him, or it, what I disliked, or hated. (A, K, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 445.]) And Aisotu AlbaAy^ini A^aEorafu, or A^aEolamu: see art. byn. And maA laka A@sotN maEi A@sotika (assumed tropical:) Thou hast no one [with thee] to assist thee: (A, K, TA:) another prov., related on the authority of AZ as said to one who has no large amount of property, nor number of men. (Sgh, TA.) And tarakotuhu biA@soti AlA^aroDi, another prov., (TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) I left him destitute, poor, (K, TA,) possessing nothing: (TA:) or tarakotuhu biA@soti Almatoni (assumed tropical:) I left him on the hard ground, alone. (Meyd.) And maA laka fiY h`*aA AlA^amori A@sotN wa laA famN (assumed tropical:) Thou hast not in this thing, or affair, root nor branch: Jereer says, famaA lakumu A@sotN fiY AlEalaA='i wa laA= famu [And ye have not any root in eminence, nor branch]. (TA.) And kaAna *`lika EalaY A@soti Ald~ahori (tropical:) That was in the beginning of time: (A, K, TA:) or in the olden time; (AO, S, TA;) as also EalaY A_is~i Ald~ahori. (AO, TA.) See also art. Ast. [And see other exs. in Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 355 and 378 (a variation of a prov. mentioned in the preceding page) and 607 and 622 and 729-730.] , applied to a man, (ISk, S, Mgh,) Large in the Aisot, (ISk, S, Mgh, K,) or Eajuz; (S;) as also ↓ sutaAhiY~N, (ISk, S, Mgh, K,) and ↓ sutohumN: (S:) and so, applied to a woman, satohaA='u [fem. of the first], and ↓ sutohumN, in which the m is augmentative, (ISk, S,) and ↓ satihapN: (TA:) pl. [of the first] sutuhN, like kutubN, and sutohaAnN: (K:) and ↓ musotahN, applied to a man, signifies large in the buttocks. (TA.) ― -b2- And, as also ↓ sutaAhiY~N and ↓ satihN and ↓ sutohumN, A seeker, or desirer, of the Aisot; (K;) or one addicted thereto; (TA;) i. q. luwTiY~N [one addicted to the crime of the people of Lot]. (TK.) : see satahiY~N, with which it is syn. : see [its syn.] A^asotahu. sthm Large in the posteriors: (K:) accord. to the S, syn. with A^asotahu; [see this latter, in art. sth, in three places;] and the m is augmentative: (TA:) some explain it as syn. with AisotN: the author of the K [a mistake for the S], in art. sth, as meaning large in the Aisot. (MF, TA.) stY , (K,) aor. yasotiY, said of a camel, (TA,) He hastened, made haste, or went quickly; (K, TA;) as also sadaY: mentioned by Az. (TA.) see 4, in two places. sAtAhu, (K,) inf. n. musaAtaApN, (TA,) He played with him the [game called] $afal~aqap [expl. in art. $flq in the K as consisting in one's striking with the hand, or with the fore part of the foot, the hinder part, or backside, of a man, from behind him, and so throwing him down prostrate: whence it seems that the verb is perhaps irregularly derived from the satahahu, q. v.]. (K.) (S, K) and ↓ st~Ahu (M, TA) are syn. with AsdAhu (S, K) and sd~Ahu, (M, TA,) [i. e. He set, or disposed, the warp of the garment, or piece of cloth,] said of a weaver; contr. of A^aloHamahu; except that ↓ st~Y means he did so for himself and for another, whereas sd~Y means he did so for another, tsd~Y meaning he did so for himself. (TA.) [accord. to the S and K]. AisotaAtato, inf. n. AisotiytaA='N, said of a she-camel, She became relaxed by reason of last: (S, K:) thus mentioned here by J and in the K; but its proper place, as is evident, is art. AtY, in which it has been explained. (TA: see 10 in art. AtY.) is syn. with sadFY, (S, M, K,) relating to a garment, or piece of cloth; (S, M;) as also ↓ A^usotiY~N; (K;) both signify [The warp thereof;] the contr. of luHomapN; like sadFY and A^usodiY~N: (M:) and ↓ sataApN is [the n. un. of the former, or] syn. with sadaApN, relating to a garment, or piece of cloth: (AZ, S:) [whence,] one says to him who neither harms nor profits, ↓ maA A^anota luHomapN wa laA sataApN [lit. Thou art neither a woof nor a warp: see also a similar saying voce niyrN]: (TA: [see also sadFY:]) and ↓ A^usotiY~N signifies also vawobN musodFY or musad~FY (accord. to different copies of the K) [lit. a garment, or piece of cloth, having its warp set or disposed; perhaps meaning having a good, or strong, warp; in art. Asd written, as from the L, masodiY~N, for which I find no other authority]; so expl. by AHeyth: but accord. to others, it is what the weavers term satFY, as mentioned above, i. e. the warp. (TA. [See also A^usotiY~N in art. Ast, and A^usodiY~N in art. Asd and in art. sdw and sdY.]) -A2- Also i. q. maEoruwfN [as meaning A favour, benefit, benefaction, or the like]; (K;) in this sense also a dial. var. of sadFY. (TA.) -A3- Also a dial. var. of sadFY signifying Dates while continuing green and small; syn. balaHN. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. : see satFY, above, in two places. sjH , aor. , inf. n. sajaHN, (so accord. to the L, and the text of the K followed in the TA,) or sajoHN, (so accord. to the CK and my MS. copy of the K,) and sajaAHapN, [which last suggests that sajuHa also may be used in the sense here following,] said of a cheek, It was even, and soft, and long, in moderation, with little flesh, (M, TA,) and wide: (TA:) or was smooth, and long, with little flesh, and wide. (L. [See sajaHN, below.]) ― -b2- sajuHa, inf. n. sajaAHapN, is said of a man's natural disposition, [meaning It was, or became, gentle, or easy: (see sajiyHN, voce sujuHN, below:)] and one says, fiY Eaqolihi rajaAHapN wa fiY xuluqipi sajaAHapN [In his intellect is gravity, and in his natural disposition is gentleness, or easiness]. (A.) -A2- sajaHati AlHamaAmapu i. q. sajaEat [i. e. The pigeon cooed; or reiterated its voice or cry; &c.]: (Lth, K:) but said by some to be a mispronunciation, and disallowed by IDrd. (MF.) -A3- sajaHa lahu bikalaAmK He expressed a meaning to him obliquely, indirectly, obscurely, or allusively, by speech; as also ↓ sj~H: (Az, K:) so in the “ Nawádir. ” (Az, TA.) see what next precedes. signifies The pardoning, or forgiving, with goodness. (S, O, K.) One says, malakota faA^asojiHo; (S, A, O, TA;) a prov., relating to pardoning, or forgiving, when having power [to punish or to take vengeance]; (TA;) meaning [Thou hast become possessed of power, then pardon, or forgive, with goodness; or] thou hast attained thine object, then act with goodness; (A, * TA;) and thou hast obtained power, then pardon, or forgive, in an easy and a good manner: (TA:) it was said by the Prophet to Ibn-ElAkwa', and by 'Áïsheh to 'Alee on the “ Day of the Camel. ” (O.) And one says also, A_i*aA saA^alota faA^asojiHo When thou askest, or beggest, then make thy words, or expressions, easy, and be gentle. (S.) i. q. AinosamaHa [app. syn. with A^asomaHa, or perhaps a mistranscription for this last word, meaning He was liberal, or generous, to me with such a thing; or he complied with my desire in such a thing]. (K.) : see sujuHN, in five places. Beauty, and justness of proportion, (T, S, L,) of the make, (T,) or of the face, (S,) or of a man. (L.) [See also 1, first sentence.] Soft, or gentle, and even, or easy; as also ↓ sajiyHN. (K.) You say mi$oyapN sujuHN An easy (S, A) and a direct, or right, (A,) gait, or manner of going. (S, A.) And ma$aY fulaAnN ma$oyFA sujuHFA and ↓ sajiyHFA, and mi$oyapF sujuHFA, Such a one walked, or went, with an easy gait or manner of going: (L:) or with an equable gait, without inclining the body from side to side in pride. (T.) And ↓ xuluqN sajiyHN A gentle, or an easy, natural disposition. (L.) And rajulN sujuHN A man easy and good in natural disposition: (Har p. 314:) and Alxuluqi ↓ sajiyHu [which means the same]. (A.) -A2- Also The middle of a road, (S, A, K,) or its main part, or beaten track; (A, K;) and so ↓ sujoHN: (S, A, K:) because of its evenness. (TA.) One says, ↓ xal~i lahu Eano sujoHi AlT~ariyqi or sujuHi AlTryq [Leave thou for him the middle of the road]. (S, accord. to different copies.) And ↓ mano Talaba biAlHaq~i wa ma$aY fiY sujoHihi A^awoSalahu A@ll~`hu A_ilaY nujoHihi [He who seeks, demands, or sues for, that which is a right, or due, and goes in the beaten track thereof, God will conduct him to the attainment of his object]. (A, TA.) -A3- And Measure, size, or proportion; (S, K;) as also ↓ sujoHN, (S,) and ↓ sajiyHapN: (S, A, K:) so in the saying, banaY Alqawomu buyuwtahumo EalaY sujuHK waAHidK (S, K *) and waAHidK ↓ sujoHK (S) and sajiyHapK waAHidapK (S, A) [The people, or party, constructed their tents, or houses, of one uniform measure &c.]. : see sajiyHapN. The air. (O, K.) [Perhaps a mistranscription for saHaAHN.] i. q. tujaAha: (Fr, O, K: *) so in the saying, qaEadotu sijaAHa wajobihi [I sat over against, or fronting, his face]. (Fr, O.) : see sujuHN, in four places. : see sujuHN, in two places. ― -b2- Also Natural disposition; (S, A, K;) and so ↓ sajoHapN (K, in the TA sjH,) and ↓ masojuwHapN and ↓ masojuwHN, (K,) the last an inf. n., though having no verb. (Abu-l-Hasan, TA.) You say, huwa kariymu Als~ajiyHapi He is generous in respect of the natural disposition. (A.) And rakiba fulaAnN sajiyHapa raA^osihi Such a one followed his own opinion. (AZ, TA.) Beautiful, and of just proportion; (T, S, L, K;) applied to the make, (T,) or to the face, (S,) or to a man: (L:) or a face equable in form. (A.) And rajulN A^asojaHu Alxad~ayoni (A, L, TA) A man even, and soft, and long, in moderation, with little flesh, and wide, in the cheeks: (TA:) or smooth, and long, with little flesh, and wide, in the cheeks. (L.) ― -b2- Also A camel thin in the lip. (Ham p. 283.) ― -b3- And the fem., sajoHaA='u, A she-camel perfect, or complete, (L, K,) in length, or tallness, and in largeness: (L:) and a she-camel long in the back. (K.) : see sajiyHapN. ― -b2- Also i. q. jihapN [The place, or point, towards which a person, or thing goes, tends, or is directed]. (O, K.) : see sajiyHapN. sjd , (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) [aor. ,] inf. n. sujuwdN, (Msb,) He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive; syn. xaDaEa, (S, A, K, TA,) or taTaAmana, and *al~a: (Msb:) or he bent him-self down towards the ground: (Aboo-Bekr, TA: [and such is often meant by xaDaEa and by taTaAmana:]) [or it has both of these significations combined; i. e. he was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive, bending himself down; for] the primary signification of Als~ujuwdu is ta*al~ulF together with taTaA^omunN [or taTaAmunN]. (Bd in ii. 32.) And ↓ Asjd He lowered his head, and bent himself; (AA, S, Mgh, K;) said of a man; (AA, S, Mgh;) and put his forehead on the ground: (Mgh:) and likewise said of a camel; (S, A;) in the latter case tropical; (A;) as also sajada; (A, Mgh, Msb;) meaning (tropical:) he lowered his head, (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) to be ridden, (S, Mgh,) or to his rider, (A,) or on the occasion of his being ridden, or mounted. (Msb.) ― -b2- The sujuwd of prayer is from sajada in the first of the senses expl. above; (S;) and means The [prostrating oneself;] putting the forehead on the ground: (S, Mgh:) sajada, (ISd, Msb, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (ISd, TA,) signifies he put his forehead on the ground: (ISd, Msb, TA:) but sujuwd to God denotes a particular manner [of doing this; i. e. the prostrating oneself in prayer by dropping gently upon the knees, placing the palms of the hands on the ground, a little before the place of the knees, and then putting the nose and forehead on the ground, the former first, between the two hands]. (Msb.) ― -b3- It is said of Kisrà, in a trad., kaAna yasojudo lilT~aAliE, i. e. He used to lower himself, or bend himself down, to the arrow passing beyond the butt, going over it; which they used to reckon like that which hit the butt; meaning that he used to concede to the shooter thereof: or, accord. to Az, it means that he used to lower his head when his arrow was elevated [too high] above the object shot at, in order that the arrow might be rightly directed, and might hit the circle. (TA.) ― -b4- And [as salutation is often accompanied with a bending of the body,] sujuwdN also signifies (assumed tropical:) The act of saluting. (L, TA.) [You say, sajada lahu (assumed tropical:) He saluted him. And also (assumed tropical:) He paid respect, or honour, to him; or magnified him; see Ham p. 294.] ― -b5- You say also, sajadati Aln~axolapu (tropical:) The palm-tree bent, or inclined, (AHn, Mgh, TA,) by reason of the abundance of its fruit. (Mgh.) And Als~afiynapu tasojudu lilr~iyHi (tropical:) The ship bends, or inclines, by the influence of the wind. (A, TA.) ― -b6- wa A@ln~ajomu wa A@l$~ajaru yasojudaAni, in the Kur [lv. 5], means, accord. to Fr, (assumed tropical:) [And the herbs and the trees] turn towards the sun and incline with it until the afternoon-shade becomes broken: (TA:) or the herbs and the trees humbly submit to his will. (Bd, Jel.) The sujuwd of inanimate things to God we understand, in the Kur, as denoting obedience to that whereto they are made subservient, and as a fact to be believed without inquiry into the manner thereof. (I'Ab, L.) -A2- Also He stood erect: (Lth, Msb, K:) so in the dial. of Teiyi. (Msb.) It is said in the K, immediately after the mention of the first signification and this last, that thus the verb has two contr. meanings: but it may be said that there is no [necessary, or absolute,] contrariety between AlxuDuwE and AlAinotiSaAb. (MF.) -A3- sajidato rijoluhu, aor. , (tropical:) His leg became inflated, or swollen. (K, TA.) : see 1, second sentence. ― -b2- Also, (K,) inf. n. A_isojaAd, (S,) (tropical:) He looked continuedly and tranquilly: (TA:) or he looked continuedly, (S, K,) and lowered the eyelids in a languid, or languishing, manner, (S, [the inf. n. being there expl. by A_idaAmapu Aln~aZari wa A_imoraADu AlA^ajofaAni,]) or lowering the eyelids [&c.], (K, * TK,) with a look indicative of [amorousness, and feigned coyness or opposition, or] confidence in one's love, and consequent presumptuousness: (TA:) or he had a languid, or languishing, eye. (L.) ― -b3- And Asjdt EayonahaA (tropical:) She lowered her eye. (A, TA.) A single act of sujuwd [as meaning prostrating oneself in prayer or the like: pl. sajadaAtN]: so in the phrase sajadotu sajodapF [I performed a prostration of myself]: (Msb:) and qaraA^otu suwrapa Als~ajodapi [I recited, or read, the chapter of the prostration; which is the thirty-second chapter of the Kur-án]. (S, * Msb.) a subst. from sajada; (S;) A species, or sort, [or kind,] of sujuwd [as meaning prostration of oneself in prayer or the like]: so in the phrase sajadotu sijodapF TawiylapF [I performed a long kind of prostration of myself]. (Msb.) [A man who prostrates himself much, or frequently, in prayer or the like]. (A, TA.) A [small mat, such as is termed] xumorap, (S, Mgh, L, TA,) [of an oblong shape, and a small oblong carpet,] upon which one prostrates himself [and stands and sits in prayer]; (L, TA;) also called ↓ suj~aAdapN, (A, TA,) and ↓ misojadapN. (A, L, TA.) You say, basaTa saj~aAdatahu &c. [He spread his prayer-mat, or prayer-carpet]. (A.) ― -b2- And The mark of sujuwd [or prostration in prayer] upon the forehead [when dust adheres to it]. (S, A, Mgh.) : see the next preceding paragraph. act. part. n. of sajada: (L:) [Being lowly, humble, or submissive: bending himself down towards the ground: &c.: and hence, prostrating himself in prayer; putting his forehead on the ground: &c.:] pl. suj~adN (S, A, L) and sujuwdN. (L.) ― -b2- wa A@doxuluwA A@lobaAba suj~adFA, in the Kur [ii. 55 and vii. 161], means And enter ye the gate bending down your heads: (I'Ab, K:) it was a narrow [or low] gate. (I'Ab.) ― -b3- And suj~adFA lil~`hi, in the Kur xvi. 50, means (tropical:) Humbling themselves to God, with subserviency. (TA.) ― -b4- You say also $ajarapN saAjidapN, and $ajarN saAjidN and sawaAjidu, [this last word being pl. of saAjidapN,] (tropical:) A tree, and trees, bending, or inclining: (A:) and naxolN sawaAjidu (assumed tropical:) palm-trees bending, or inclining: (AHn:) and najolapN saAjidapN (assumed tropical:) a palm-tree bent by its fruit. (K.) [But it is said that] EulobN sawaAjidu, occurring in a verse of Lebeed, means (assumed tropical:) Firmly-rooted [tall] palm-trees. (IAar.) ― -b5- And fulaAnN saAjidu Almanoxiri (tropical:) Such a one is object, low, humble, or submissive. (A, TA.) ― -b6- And EayonN saAjidapN (tropical:) A languid, or languishing, eye. (A, K.) (tropical:) Having his leg inflated, or swollen: (K, TA:) applied to a man. (TA.) , (O, K,) or AlA_isojaAd, (S, O, K,) thus some relate it, with kesr to the ', (O, K,) in the saying of El-Aswad Ibn-Yaafur. mino xayori *iY naTafK A^agan~a munaT~aqK waAfaY bihaA lidaraAhimi AlA_iA^asojaAdi [Of the wine of one with earrings, having a nasal twang, girded with a waist-belt, i. e., of a foreigner: he brought it for what are termed drAhm AlAsjAd], (S, * O, K, but in the copies of the K kadaraAhim, [which I think a mistranscription,]) means dirhems whereon were effigies to which people performed the act of sujuwd: (S, O, K:) it is said that upon them was the effigy of Kisrà, and he who beheld them lowered his head to them and showed humility [as the Persians in the present day do to the picture of their King]: (IAmb, TA:) or AlA^asojaAd means the tax called jizoyap: (O, K:) so says AO, (O,) or A 'Obeyd: (TA:) or the Jews and the Christians: (O, K:) some say the former and some say the latter: (O:) and it is read with kesr to the ', and expl. as meaning the Jews, (O, K,) by IAar. (O.) [Whatever be the signification of the last word, the verse plainly means, “ of wine of a foreigner, sold by him for foreign money. ”] The forehead, (S, K,) where is the mark made by the sujuwad [or prostration in prayer]. (S.) [Said in the TA to be tropical; but not so accord. to the A.] And sing. of masaAjidu which signifies The parts of a man that are the places of sujuwd; (Lth, Mgh, Msb, L;) AlmasaAjidu meaning the forehead, the nose, the hands, the knees, and the feet: (Mgh, L:) or the forehead, the hands, and the knees: (Mgh:) or the seven A=raAb; (S, K;) namely, the forehead, the hands, the knees, and the feet: (TA in art. Arb:) such, accord. to some, is its meaning in the Kur lxxii. 18. (L.) ― -b2- See also the next paragraph, in two places. [Any place in which one performs the act of sujuwd, or acts of worship or devotion; and particularly a mosque; a Muslim temple; an oratory;] a house in which one performs the act of sujuwd; (IB;) a house of prayer; (Mgh, Msb;) any place in which one performs acts of worship or devotion: (Zj:) a word of well-known meaning; (K;) sing. of masaAjidu; (S, Mgh, K;) and also pronounced ↓ masojadN: (S, K:) this latter word signifies, accord. to IAar, the miHoraAb [here meaning oratory, or place of private prayer,] of a house; and the place of prayer of the congregations; (TA;) or it signifies any of the parts of the ground, as well as of the body, that are the places of sujuwd: (Lth, L:) or the place of the forehead [on the ground in the act of prostration in prayer]. (IB.) Fr says, (S,) the mafoEl of every verb of the class of faEala having its aor. of the measure yafoEulu is with fet-h to the medial radical letter, whether it be a subst, or an inf. n., (S, K,) without any difference, so that you say, daxala madoxalFA, and h`*aA madoxaluhu; (S;) except some words (S, K) among substs., (S,) as masojidN and maToliEN (S, K) and magoribN (S) and ma$oriqN and masoqiTN and maforiqN and majozirN and masokinN and marofiqN (S, K) from rafaqa, aor. yarofuqu, (S,) and manobitN and manosikN (S, K) from nasaka, aor. yanosuku; (S;) these being with kesr (S, K) to the medial radical letter (K) as a sign of their being substs.; but sometimes some of the Arabs pronounce it with fet-h in the subst.: masokinN and masokanN have been transmitted; and we have heard Almasojidu and ↓ Almasojadu, and AlmaToliEu and AlmaTolaEu: and he further says, (S,) fet-h is allowable, (S, K,) in all of these, (S,) even if we have not heard it: but when the verb is of the class of faEala having its aor. of the measure yafoEilu, the n. of place [or time] is with kesr, and the inf. n. is with fet-h, to distinguish the one from the other; so that you say, nazala manozalFA, meaning nuzuwlFA, and h`*aA manozilupu, meaning daAruhu. (S, K. *) ― -b2- [Hence masojidN jaAmiEN A congregational mosque; i. e. a mosque in which a congregation assembles to perform the Friday-prayers.] Almasojidu AlHaraAmu [The sacred mosque of Mekkeh]. (Msb in art. Hrm.) Almasojidu AlA^aqoSaY The furthest mosque [which is in Jerusalem]. (Msb in art. qSw.) masojidu Alxayofi The mosque of the xayof [q. v.] in Minè. (S &c. in art. xyf.) And AlmasojidaAni The two mosques; that of Mekkeh and that of El-Medeeneh: (S, Mgh:) so in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. vrw. (S.) : see saj~aAdapN. sjr , (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. sajorN (Msb, TA) and sujuwrN; (TA;) and ↓ sj~rhu, inf. tasojiyrN; (TA;) He filled it; (S, A, Msb, K;) namely, a river, or channel for water; (S, A, K;) and a vessel; as also sakarahu; (TA;) with water. (S.) You say, sajara Als~ayolu AlA=baAra [The torrent filled the wells]. (A.) And sujirati Alv~imaAdu The vmAd [see its sing. vamadN] became filled by the rain. (S.) In the Kur [lxxxi. 6], wa A_i*aA A@lobiHaAru sujirato, some read thus; and others, ↓ suj~irato; (Zj;) and Th explains it, and so Zj the former reading, as signifying, And when the seas shall be filled: but ISd says that there is no way of understanding this unless it mean filled with fire: or it means and when the seas shall overflow: or shall meet together and become one sea: (TA:) or ↓ suj~irato signifies shall flow forth, one into another, and thus become one sea, (Zj, Bd,) and so be filled: (Bd:) and there are other explanations of the above-mentioned words of the Kur, which see below. ― -b2- sajara AlmaA='a fiY Haloqihi He poured the water into his throat. (K.) ― -b3- sajara Alt~an~uwra, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , inf. n. sajorN; (S;) and ↓ sj~rhu; (Bd in lxxxi. 6;) or the latter has an intensive signification; (Mgh;) He heated the oven; (S, A, K;) kindled fire in it: (Msb:) or filled it with firewood, to heat it: (Mgh Bd:) or he heated it fully with fuel. (TA.) The words of the Kur quoted above, w A*A AlbHAr sujirato, are said to signify And when the seas shall be set on fire: (El-Hasan El-Basree:) or shall become without water, (Katádeh,) or shall be dried up, by the kindling of fire therein: (B:) or shall be kindled, and become fire: (Jel:) or shall be mixed together, and dry up, and become fire; (El-Ubbee;) an explanation founded upon the license to employ a homonym in its several significations together: (MF:) or by “ sea ” is meant hell. (Kaab.) You say also, sajara Alwaquwda biA@lomisojarapi [He stirred the fuel with the msjrp]. (A.) -A2- sajarati Aln~aAqapu, (S, A, K,) aor. , (S,) inf. n. sajorN (S, A, K) and sujuwrN; (S, K;) and ↓ sj~rt, inf. n. tasojiyrN; (A;) (tropical:) The she-camel prolonged her yearning cry (Haniyn, S, A, K) after her young one, (As, A,) and filled her mouth with it. (A.) -A3- sajarahu, inf. n. sajorN; [and ↓ sj~rhu, and ↓ sawojarahu; (see the pass. part. ns., below;)] He made it [namely hair or the like] to hang down. (TA. [See also sarajato $aEorahaA.]) -A4- sajarahu; (A, K;) and ↓ sj~rhu, (A,) inf. n. tasojiyrN; (TA;) and ↓ sawojarahu; (IJ, A, K;) He put a saAjuwr upon, or around, his (a dog's) neck: (A:) or he bound him (a dog) with a sAjwr. (K.) , inf. n. tasojiyrN, He opened a way to the water; made it to flow forth, (Aboo-Sa'eed, K,) whithersoever he would. (Aboo-Sa'eed.) ― -b2- See also 1, throughout. , (A,) inf. n. musaAjarapN, (A, K,) (tropical:) He acted or associated with him as a friend, or as a true friend; (A, * K, * TA;) mixed, or held intercourse, with him: from sajarati Aln~aAqapu. (A.) It (a vessel) became full. (TA.) ― -b2- [It (hair) hung down. (See the part. n., voce masojuwrN.)] ― -b3- Ansjrt AlA_ibilu The camels followed one another in a continuous series, or uninterruptedly, in their march, or progress: (S, K: * [but in some copies of the K, for Ansjr fiY Als~ayori, is put A^asojara:]) or they advanced and hastened; as also An$jr. (TA.) : see 1, last two sentences. (T, S, M, K, &c.) and ↓ sujorapN (T, M, K) Turbidness, or dinginess: this is the primary signification: and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) an intermixture of redness in the white of the eye: (S, K:) or redness in the white of the eye: (T:) or redness inclining to whiteness: or redness inclining to blueness: or redness in the black of the eye: or an intermixture, or a tinge, of redness in the black of the eye: or a slight redness mixing with the blackness: or an inclining of the black to redness: or a slight whiteness in the black of the eye: or a dinginess in the interior of the eye, arising from neglecting, or leaving off, the use of collyrium. (TA.) : see sajarN. ― -b2- Also [A fall of] rainwater which fills what are called vimaAd [pl. of vamadN, q. v.]: pl. sujarN. (S.) A full well. (TA.) Fuel with which an oven (tan~uwr) is heated; (S, A, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ misojarN (K) and ↓ misojarapN. (TA). [See also misojarapN below.] (tropical:) A man's friend, or true or sincere friend: pl. sujaraA='u: (S, A, K:) from sajarati Aln~aAqapu; because each of two friends yearns towards the other. (A.) ― -b2- And hence, (assumed tropical:) A sword. (Ham p. 265.) A torrent that fills everything. (TA.) ― -b2- A place upon which a torrent comes and which it fills: (S, A, K:) a possessive epithet, or of the measure faAEilN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN. (TA.) -A2- See also masojuwrN. A wooden thing, or piece of wood, (S, K,) that is put, (S,) or hung, (K,) upon the neck of a dog: (S, K:) or a collar, (TA,) or ring or collar of iron, (A,) that is put upon the neck of a dog: (A, TA:) [pl. sawaAjiyru or sawaAjiru.] One says, fiY A^aEonaAqihimo sawaAjiru (tropical:) Upon their necks are iron collars. (A.) , applied to a pool of water left by a torrent (gadiyrN), (assumed tropical:) Having mud unmixed with sand; or having good mud: (S, K:) or (assumed tropical:) of which the water inclines to a red colour; which is the case when its rain-water is recent, before it has become clear: (TA:) and (tropical:) rain-water intermixed with turbidness and redness. (A.) ― -b2- (tropical:) A man having what is termed sajarN or sujorapN in the eye or eyes: fem. sajoraA='u (TA.) ― -b3- EayonN sajoraA='u (tropical:) An eye of which the white is intermixed with redness: (S, A, K:) an eye in which is what is termed sajarN [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b4- qaTorapN sajoraA='u (tropical:) A turbid drop: (A, * TA:) and in like manner nuTofapN. (TA.) : see sajuwrN: and also what here follows. : see sajuwrN. ― -b2- Also [and app. ↓ misojarN] A piece of wood, or stick, with which the fuel in an oven (tan~uwr) is stirred. (A, L, TA.) Filled: (AZ:) applied to the sea in this sense: (S:) or the sea [itself]: (K: [in the TA, by the omission of waA@ll~abanu after AlbaHoru, it is made to signify “ a sea of which the water is more than it is itself; ” a meaning which, as there remarked, is not found in other lexicons:]) and masojuwrN biAln~aAri filled with fire: ('Alee:) and EayonN masojuwrapN, and ↓ musaj~arapN, a full eye or source; syn. mufoEamapN. (A, TA.) ― -b2- Milk of which the water is more than it is itself. (Fr, S, K.) ― -b3- Made to flow forth. (TA.) ― -b4- Empty. (AZ, Aboo-'Alee.) Thus it bears two contr. significations. (TA.) ― -b5- Kindled. (K.) ― -b6- Still, or quiet; (K;) as also ↓ saAjirN: (TA:) or still, or quiet, and full at the same time. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) ― -b7- luw^oluw^N masojuwrN Pearls strung and hanging down: (A 'Obeyd, S, K:) or that have fallen and become scattered from their string: and luw^oluw^apN masojuwrapN is said to signify a pearl of much brilliancy. (TA.) ― -b8- $aEarN masojuwrN, (TA,) and ↓ musaj~arN, and ↓ musawojarN, (K,) and ↓ munosajirN, (S, K,) Hair made to hang down; (K;) hanging down. (S, K.) ― -b9- kalobN masojuwrN, (AZ, A,) and ↓ musaj~arN, (A,) and musawojarN, (S, A,) A dog having a saAjuwr (q. v.) upon his neck. (AZ, S, A.) : see masojuwrN, in three places. ― -b2- Also, Dried up; of which the water has sunk into the ground. (TA.) : see masojuwrN, in two places. : see masojuwrN. sjs , (S, A, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. sajasN, (TA,) It (water) became altered, changed in odour, or stinking; syn. tagay~ara: (IAar, A 'Obeyd, S, A, K:) it became turbid, thick, or muddy: (ISk, A, K:) or it became corrupted, and stirred up. (TA.) , inf. n. tasojiysN, He made it (namely, water,) turbid, thick, or muddy. (K, TA.) : see the next paragraph, in five places. : see the next paragraph, in five places. : see the next paragraph, in five places. Water that is altered, changed in odour, or stinking; syn. mutagay~irN: turbid, thick, or muddy: as also ↓ sajisN, (K, TA,) and ↓ sajosN: (TA:) or corrupted, and stirred up; as also ↓ musaj~asN: or the last signifies made turbid, thick, or muddy, and stirred up: the [only] form mentioned in the S is ↓ sajasN: but Aboo-Sahl says that ↓ sajisN is the form learned by him in reading under Aboo-Usámeh in the Musannaf; and as to ↓ sajasN, it is only an inf. n. (TA, from a note in the handwriting of Aboo-Zekereeyà.) ― -b2- Hence the saying, (TA,) laA A=tiyka sajiysa A@ll~ayaAliY I will not come to thee to the end of nights: (TA:) or ever; (S, K;) as also sajiysa All~ayaAliYi wa AlA^ay~aAmi, (TA,) and sjiysa AlA^awojasi, (S, K,) and sajiysa AlA^awojusi, (K,) and sajiysa EujayosK: (S, K:) or while time lasts; as also sajiysa Ald~ahori, and sajiysa AlA^awojasi: (A:) it is from sajiysN meaning “ turbid, ” because water thus termed is the last that remains: Eujayos is a corroborative; and Eajosu All~ayoli signifies “ the last part of the night: ” (TA:) or sajiysa All~ayaAliY means while the nights glide along continuously. (Ham p. 243.) A ram having much wool: fem. with p: (A:) or a ram having white wool, good for tupping, or covering, and of excellent breed. (K, * (TA.) And Certain sheep [i. e. a breed of sheep] belonging to the Benoo-Teghlib, (K, * TA,) in El-Jezeereh. (TA.) : see sajiysN. sjE , aor. , inf. n. sajoEN, He pursued an even, uniform course; he pursued an even course, following one order: this is the primary signification. (TA.) [It seems to be properly intrans.; but is sometimes used as a trans. verb, li or A_ilaY being perhaps understood; as in the following phrase;] sajaEa *`lika AlmasojaEa He pursued, or aimed at, that object of pursuit or aim; (K, TA;) occurring in a trad. (TA.) ― -b2- And It was even and uniform, one part thereof being like another. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence,] sajaEati AlHamaAmapu, (IDrd, S, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. sajoEN, (Mbr, TA,) and quasi-inf. n. ↓ sijoEN, (TA,) The pigeon continued its cry uninterruptedly in one uniform way or manner; or called, and prolonged its voice or cry, modulating it sweetly: (Mbr, in the “ Kámil; ” and TA:) or cooed: or reiterated its voice or cry: syn. hadarato: (S, Msb:) and Saw~atato: (Msb:) or rad~adato SawotahaA. (IDrd, K.) It is said in a prov., laA A=tayka maA sajaEa AlHamaAmu [I will not come to thee as long as the pigeon cooes;] meaning I will never come to thee. (Lh.) ― -b4- You say also, sajaEati Aln~aAqapu, (S, TA,) inf. n. sajoEN, (TA,) The she-camel prolonged her yearning cry in one uniform manner. (S, TA.) ― -b5- And sajaEati Alqawosu (tropical:) The bow prolonged its twang in one uniform manner, monotonously. (TA.) ― -b6- And hence by way of comparison to the sajoE of the pigeon, sajaEa kalaAmahu (tropical:) He (a man) made his speech, or language, [to be rhyming prose, i. e.,] to have fawaASil like the rhymes of verse, without its being measured. (Msb.) And sajaEa [alone], (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. sajoEN; (S, TA;) and ↓ sj~E, inf. n. tasojiyEN; (S, TA;) (tropical:) He (a man, S) spoke, or uttered, [or composed,] (S, * K, TA,) rhyming speech or language, (S,) [i. e., rhyming prose, i. e.,] speech, or language, having fawaASil (K, TA) like the fawaASil of verse, without measure: as is said in a description of Sijistán, watamoruhaA wa liS~uhaA baTalo maAw^uhaA wa$alo wa A_ino qal~uwA DaAEuwA A_ino kavura Aljayo$u bihaA jaAEuwA daqalo [Its water is such as scantily distils, in interrupted drops, from mountains or rocks, and its robber is a man of courage, and its dates are of the worst kind: if the army be numerous in it, they hunger; and if they be few, they perish]: so says Lth. (TA.) You say also, sajaEa biAl$~aYo'i, meaning (tropical:) He uttered the thing in the manner above described. (TA.) [See also sajoEN, below.] see the preceding paragraph. ; [originally inf. n. of sajaEa, q. v.;] (S, Msb, K, &c.;) or, as some say, ↓ sijoEN, but the former is that which commonly obtains, the latter being said to be a subst. like *iboHN meaning “ what is slaughtered, ” unknown, however, in the lexicons, and probably one of the instances of the elicitations of the foreigners, (MF, TA,) the object of him who says that it is sijoEN being app. to make a distinction between the simple subst. and the inf. n., as in the case of the simple subst. and the inf. n. of sajaEa said of the pigeon; [see sajaEati AlHamaAmapu;] (TA;) and ↓ A^usojuwEapN; (S, * K;) (tropical:) Rhyming speech or language; (S, K, TA;) [i. e. rhyming prose; i. e.] speech, or language, having fawaASil like the rhymes of verse, without being measured; so called as being likened to the sajoE of the pigeon; (Msb;) or because of its uniformity, (TA,) and the mutual resemblance and agreement of the words which end its clauses: (IJ, TA:) or a consecution [of clauses] of speech or language, with one rawiY~ [which is the principal, or only, rhyme-letter]: (Jm, K:*) or it consists in the agreement of the endings of words [or clauses], in a certain order, like the agreement of the rhymes (qawaAfK) [of verses]: (Mbr, in the “ Kámil; ” TA:) each clause ends with a quiescent letter; and consists of at least two words: (Kull p. 208:) [see an ex. in the first paragraph of this art.:] you say also ↓ kalaAmN musaj~aEN (S) and ↓ kalaAmN masojuwEN, meaning the same as sajoEN: (TA:) the pl. of sajoEN is A^asojaAEN (S, K) and , accord. to IJ, sujuwEN, but ISd says, I know not whether he have related this from another or coined it, (TA,) and A^asaAjiyEu, (S,) or this last is pl. of ↓ A^usojuwEapN (K) [and is also a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of A^asojaAEN, like as A^azaAhiyru is pl. of A^azohaArN which is pl. of zahorN, and many similar instances might be added, such instances being numerous app. because A^afoEaAlN is properly a measure of a pl. of paucity]. Als~ajoEu AlmuTar~afu is That [rhyming prose] in which the two words [that end two corresponding clauses] agree in the letter of the sajoE but not in measure; as Alr~imamo and AlA^umamo: and Als~ajoEu AlmutawaAziY is that in which the measure is observed in the two words as well as the letter of the sajoE; as Alqalamo and Alqasamo. (K T.) It is said in a trad., that Mohammad forbade sajoE in prayer: [but many of the forms of prayer which he himself prescribed, and many others commonly used by Muslims in every age to the present time, are sajoE, and the Kur-án is a composition of the same kind, though some do not allow this term to be applied to it, because sajoE is a highly artificial style of prose-language, characterized by a kind of rhythm as well as rhyme, and it is obviously not proper to ascribe such artificial language to God, nor is it proper to use it in prayer, wherefore] Az says that sajoE is disapproved in prayer because it resembles the language of the diviners, or soothsayers, but that other kinds of rhyming styles are allowable in xuTab and rasaAy^il. (TA.) He is also related to have said, A_iy~aAkumo wa sajoEa Alkuh~aAni (tropical:) [Avoid ye the rhyming prose of the diviners, or soothsayers]. (TA.) One says also, ↓ bayonahumo A^usojuwEapN [Between them is a discourse, or colloquy, oral or written, in rhyming prose]. (S.) : see sajaEati AlHamaAmapu: ― -b2- and see sajoEN. : see saAjiEN. : see saAjiEN. : see saAjiEN. Pursuing [an even, uniform, course, or] a direct, or right, course, (AZ, S, K, TA,) in going, or journeying, (AZ, S, TA,) [and] (tropical:) in speech, &c. (K, TA.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, qaTaEotu bihaA A^aroDFA taraY wajoha rakobihaA A_i*aA maA EalawohaA mukofaA^F gayora saAjiEi i. e. [I traversed, or have traversed, with her a land in which thou wouldst see the face of every one of the company of travellers riding over it, when they get upon it,] jaAy^irFA gayora qaASidK [turning aside from the right course, (or rather turned aside, unless, which is not improbable, the right reading be mukofiy^FA,) not direct], (AZ, S, TA,) or not direct towards one point: (TA:) but in the O we find, as on the authority of AZ, gayora saAjiEi gyr jaAy^irK Eani AlqaSodi [which is evidenily a mistranscription; the right reading being gayora saAjiEi A^aYo jaAy^irFA Eani AlqaSodi, or the like]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A face justly proportioned; [symmetrical;] well, or beautifully, formed. (K.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] HamaAmapN saAjiEapN, and ↓ sajuwEN, (K,) without p, (TA,) [A pigeon continuing its cry uninterruptedly in one uniform way or manner; or calling, and prolonging its voice or cry, modulating it sweetly: or cooing: (see 1:) or] reiterating its voice or cry: pl. [of the former or of both] suj~aEN and [of the former] sawaAjiEu. (K.) ― -b4- And naAqapN saAjiEN A she-camel prolonging her yearning cry in one uniform manner: (TA:) or quavering, and prolonging her voice, [in the copies of the K muToribap, but correctly muTar~ibap,] in her yearning cry: (K:) or tall; (AA, K;) but Az says, I have not heard this on any authority beside that of AA. (TA.) ― -b5- [And hence,] saAjiEN also signifies (tropical:) [A rhyming-proser, or rhyming-prosaist;] one who speaks, or utters, [or composes,] sajoE: and in like manner, [↓ saj~aAEN (mentioned by Golius, and by Freytag as on the authority of the K, in no copy of which do I find it,) meaning one who speaks, or utters, or composes, sajoE much: and] ↓ saj~aAEapN [meaning one who does so very much: the three epithets being similar to raAjizN and raj~aAzN and raj~aAzapN]. (K, TA.) : see sajoEN, in three places. A place, or an object, [to which latter it is applied in a phrase mentioned in the second sentence of this art.,] of pursuit or aim; syn. maqoSidN. (K.) : see sajoEN. : see sajoEN. sHf : see 2. -A2- sajifato, aor. , inf. n. sajafN, She (a woman) was, or became, slender in the waist: and lank in the belly. (TK.) [See also sajafN, below.] , (K,) inf. n. tasojiyfN, (TA,) He let down the curtain (Als~ajof) upon [the entrance of] the tent, or chamber; as also ↓ sajafahu, and ↓ Asjfh: (K, TA:) accord. to the T, Alt~asojiyf signifies the letting down of the sajofaAni [or two separate halves, that hang side by side, of a curtain]: accord. to the M, the letting down of the curtain. (TA. [See also what next follows.]) He let down the curtain. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Asjf All~ayolu (tropical:) i. q. A^asodafa, (S, K, TA,) i. e. The night became dark. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 2. : see the next paragraph. and ↓ sajofN [of which the former is the more common] A curtain; a veil; or a thing that veils, conceals, hides, covers, or protects; (S, K;) as also ↓ sijaAfN, and ↓ sijaAfapN: (TA:) or a pair of curtains having an opening between them: (IDrd, K:) or each half of a pair of curtains, (Lth, K, TA,) divided in the midst, (Lth, TA,) by which any door, or entrance, is veiled; (Lth, K, TA;) as also ↓ sijaAfN: (K, TA:) this last is not a pl. of sijofN: (TA:) thus Als~ijofaAni signifies the two separate halves [that hang side by side, so as to meet together,] of the curtain of a tent, (Lth, S, TA,) in the fore part thereof: (S:) so in a verse of En-Nábighah EdhDhubyánee cited in the second paragraph of art. rfE: (S, TA:) the pl. of sijofN and sajofN is A^asojaAfN and sujuwfN; and the pl. of ↓ sijaAfN is sujufN. (TA.) [Hence] one says, A^aroxaY All~ayolu sujuwfahu (tropical:) The night let down its curtains. (TA.) ― -b2- sijofN also signifies The part that is behind a door or an entrance. (O, TA.) Slenderness of the waist: and lankness of the belly. (K.) One says fiY xaSorihi sajafN In his waist is slenderness: and fiY baTonihi sajafN In his belly is lankness. (TA.) [See also sajifato, in the first paragraph.] A period (saAEapN) of the night; (K;) like sudofapN. (TA.) : see sijofN, in three places. ― -b2- Hence, The thing [i. e. edging, such as a fringe, &c., (thus applied in the present day,)] that is affixed to the borders of a garment, or piece of cloth. (TA.) : see sijofN. ― -b2- Hence the saying of Umm-Selemeh to ' Áïsheh, waj~ahoti sijaAfatahu i. e. hatakoti sitorahu and A^axa*oti wajohahaA (assumed tropical:) [i. e. wajoha sijaAfatihi (as in the JM in art. wjh in explanation of waj~ahoti sidaAfatahu) Thou hast rent open his veil, or covering; both of these explanations meaning the same, as is said in the O and K in art. sdf]: but it is also related otherwise, i. e. wj~ht sidaAfatahu, which has the same meaning. (TA. [See art. sdf.]) [A tent; or chamber,] having a pair of curtains (sijofaAni) upon its entrance, or door. (As, TA.) El-Farezdak applies this masc. sing. epithet to a pl. n., saying AlHijaAlu Almusaj~afu. (TA.) sjl , (S, K,) inf. n. sajolN, (TA,) He poured out, or forth, the water, (S, K, JM, TA,) continuously. (JM, TA.) ― -b2- Hence, sajala AlquroA=na He read, or recited, the Kur-án continuously. (JM. [See also saHala.]) ― -b3- See also 2: ― -b4- and 4. , inf. n. tasojiylN, (S, Msb, K,) said of a judge, (S,) or kádee, (Msb,) He wrote a sijil~ [q. v.]: (S, * K:) or he decided judicially, and recorded his sentence in the sijil~: (Msb:) and Mtr says that ↓ A_isojaAlN may be syn. with tasojiylN, signifying the writing of sijil~aAt [pl. of sijil~N], though not found by him in the lexicons: (Har p. 473:) [but I have found it, for Sgh says,] the A_isojaAl of the kádee and his tasojiyl are one [in meaning]. (O.) You say, sj~l bihi He decided it judicially, [and recorded it in the sijil~;] or he decreed it decisively; so expl. by the Shereef: or, as in the 'Ináyeh, he established it and recorded it [in the sijil~]. (TA.) And sj~l AlqaADiY lifulaAnK bimaAlihi The kádee secured to such a one his property [by a judicial decision recorded in the sijil~]. (TA.) And sj~l Ealayohi AlqaADiY [The kadee decided judicially against him, and recorded his sentence in the sijil~]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And sj~l Ealayohi bika*aA (assumed tropical:) He rendered him notorious by reason of such a thing, and stigmatized him with it. (Z, TA.) -A2- And sj~l bihi He threw it from above; as also ↓ sajala, inf. n. sajolN. (K.) -A3- And sj~l, inf. n. as above, He (a man, TA) became affected with carnal appetite. (K.) , (K,) inf. n. musaAjalapN, (S, IB, TA,) [and app. sijaAlN also, (see sajolN,)] He vied, competed, or contended for superiority, with him; emulated, or rivalled, him; or imitated him; (S, IB, * K;) doing like as he did; (S, IB;) originally in the drawing of water; (S, * IB;) each of them bringing forth in his sajol [or bucket] the like of what the other brought forth [or endeavouring to do so]; the one, of them, that desisted being overcome: (IB:) and also, (assumed tropical:) in running: or in watering. (S.) Hence, fulaAnN yusaAjilu fulaAnFA (tropical:) Such a one vies with such a one, each of them producing, [of the evidences] of nobility, the like of what the other produces; the one, of them, that desists being overcome. (IB.) El-Fadl Ibn- 'Abbás Ibn-'Otbeh Ibn-Abee-Lahab says, mano yusaAjiloniY yusaAjilo maAjidFA yamolaA^u Ald~alowa A_ilaY Eaqodi Alkarabo [He who contends for superiority with me contends for superiority with one possessing glory, who fills the bucket to the tying of the rope that is attacked to the middle of its cross-bars]: and hence the saying, AlHarobu sijaAlN. (S. [See sajolN.]) He gave him a bucketful (sajolFA) or two bucketfuls (sajolayoni): (K:) or, as some say, (assumed tropical:) he gave him much. (TA.) ― -b2- And Asjl AlHawoDa He filled the watering-trough, or tank; (S, K;) as also ↓sajalahu. (JM.) ― -b3- A^usojilati Albahiymapu maEa A^um~ihaA The beast was sent forth, or set loose or free, with its mother. (TA.) It is said in a trad., laA tusojiluwA A^anoEaAmakumo, meaning Set not loose your cattle in men's fields of seed-produce. (TA.) ― -b4- And you say, Asjl Aln~aAsa He left, or left alone, the people. (K.) ― -b5- And Asjl lahumu AlA^amora (assumed tropical:) He made the affair free, or allowable, to them. (K.) ― -b6- And A^asojalotu AlkalaAma (assumed tropical:) I made the speech, or language, to be unrestricted. (S.) -A2- Asjl He (a man, TA) abounded in goodness, (K, TA,) and beneficence, and gifts to men. (TA.) -A3- A^asojalotu lilr~ajuli, inf. n. A_isojaAlN, I wrote a writing for the man. (Msb.) ― -b2- See also 2. They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, one with another; emulated, or rivalled, one another; or imitated one another; [originally, in the drawing of water: and hence, (assumed tropical:) in other things: (see 3:)] (S, TA:) and humaA yatasaAjalaAni They two vie, &c., each with the other. (K.) It (water) poured out, or forth; or became poured out, or forth; (S, K;) [app., continuously: see 1.] A full bucket: so accord. to Az and ElFárábee and others: (MS:) or a bucket containing water, whether little or much: such as is empty is not called sajolN nor *anuwbN: (S:) or a great bucket: (Msb: [see also sajiylN:]) or a great bucket that is full (K, TA) of water: (TA:) and a bucketful; the quantity that fills a bucket: (K:) it is of the masc. gender [though dalowN (the most common word for “ a bucket ”) is generally fem.]: (S, K:) pl. sijaAlN. (S.) ― -b2- And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) A share, or portion; (Msb;) like dalaApN [which likewise originally signifies “ a bucket ”]. (S in art. dlw. [See also sajiylN.]) And hence is derived the saying, AlHarobu sijaAlN, [as though meaning (assumed tropical:) War is an affair of shares, or portions;] i. e. the victory in war is shared by turns among the people [engaged therein]: (Msb:) [but it is implied in the S that it is from AlmusaAjalapu, and that sijaAlN is here an inf. n. like musaAjalapN, agreeably with analogy; and if so, the saying may be rendered war is a contention for superiority: (see 3:)] or the saying AlHarobu bayonahumo sijaAlN means (assumed tropical:) [War between them consists of portions, in such a manner that] a sajol [or portion] thereof is against these, and another is against these: (K:) originating from the act of two men drawing water with two buckets from a well, each of them having [in his turn] a full bucket. (TA.) You say also, A^aEoTaAhu sajolahu mino ka*aA (tropical:) He gave him his share, or portion, of such a thing; like as one says, *anuwbahu. (Har p. 19.) The phrase sajolN ↓ sajiylN in the saying lahumo mina Almajodi sajolN sajiylN (K, * TA) has an intensive signification; (K, TA;) [the saying app. meaning (assumed tropical:) They have, of glory, a large share.] ― -b3- Hence likewise, metaphorically applied to signify (tropical:) A gift: one says jawaAdN EaZiymu Als~ajoli (tropical:) [A bountiful man who is large in gift]. (Har ibid. [The first word in this saying is there written jw~Ad.]) One says also, lahu bir~N faAy^iDu Als~ijaAli (assumed tropical:) [He has overflowing goodness or beneficence]. (TA.) ― -b4- Also (assumed tropical:) A bountiful man. (Abu-l-' Omeythil, K.) ― -b5- And (assumed tropical:) A great udder: pl. sijaAlN and sujuwlN. (K.) -A2- See also sijil~N, in two places. : see the next paragraph. A writing; or paper, or piece of skin, written upon; (K, * TA;) as also sujul~N (TA) and ↓ sijolN (K, TA) [and ↓ sajolN, as appears from what follows]: or a TuwmaAr [meaning a roll, or scroll, or the like,] for writing upon or written upon: (Bd in xxi. 104:) and a written statement of a contract and the like; (K, TA;) i. e. (TA) i. q. Sak~N: (S, TA: [but see this word, which has also other meanings, and among them that here following, which is the most common meaning of sijil~N:]) the record of a kádee, or judge, in which his sentence is written; (Msb;) a judicial record: (Mgh:) [see also maHoDarN:] pl. sijil~aAtN. (Msb, K.) kaTaY~i Als~ijil~i lilokitaAbi, in the Kur xxi. 104, means Like the folding of the TuwmaAr [expl. above] for the purpose of writing [thereon]: or for what is to be written: (Bd:) or upon what is written; (Bd, * Jel;) i. e., upon the written record [of the works] of the son of Adam at his death: (Jel:) or Als~ijil~ here has the third of the meanings here following: (Bd, Jel:] or the second thereof. (Bd.) ― -b2- And A writer, or scribe: (K:) and so some explain it in the verse above cited. (TA.) ― -b3- And Als~ijil~u A certain scribe of the Prophet. (K.) ― -b4- And A certain angel, (K,) who folds the written statements of [men's] works. (Bd ubi suprà.) ― -b5- And, without the article, A man, in the Abyssinian language. (K.) In the verse cited above, I' Ab read ↓ Als~ajoli, and explained it as meaning A certain man: but it is also said to mean a certain angel: and another reading is Als~ujul~i, a dial. var. mentioned above. (TA.) a name for The ewe. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) ― -b2- And sijaAl sijaAl [i. e. sijaAlo sijaAlo, so in my MS. copy of the K, but in the CK sijAli sijAli,] is A call to the ewe to be milked. (Ibn- 'Abbád, O, K.) A she-goat abounding in milk: thus correctly, as in the O: in the copies of the K, in the place of EanozN is put EayonN [making the meaning to be a spring abounding in water or an eye abounding in tears]. (TA.) , applied to a bucket (dalow), Large, or big; as also with p: (K:) or ↓ sajiylapN [alone, i. e. as a subst., rendered such by the affix p,] signifies a large, or big, bucket. (S.) ― -b2- And, applied to an udder (DaroE), Long: (S:) or pendent and wide; as also ↓ A^asojalu: (K:) or this latter, applied to an udder, but only of a sheep or goat, wide, flaccid, and tossing about; striking the animal's hind legs, from behind. (ISh, TA.) ― -b3- And, with p, applied to a testicle (xuSoyap), Flaccid and wide in the scrotum. (K.) ― -b4- See also sajolN. ― -b5- Also Hard, and strong. (K.) -A2- And A share, or portion: (K:) IAar says, it is of the measure faEiylN from sajolN meaning “ a full bucket ” [and likewise “ a share, or portion ”]; but, he adds, it does not please me. (TA.) , in a testicle, Flaccidity and wideness in the scrotum. (K.) : see sajiylN. Stones like lumps of dry, or tough, clay: arabicized from sanoG wa Gilo; (K, TA;) which are Pers. words, meaning “ stone and clay; ” the conjunction falling out in the arabicizing: (TA:) or baked clay: (Jel in xi. 84 and xv. 74 and cv. 4:) or stones (S, K) of clay (S) baked by the fire of Hell, whereon were inscribed the names of the people [for whom they were destined]: (S, K:) so in the Kur; as is indicated therein, in li. 33 and 34: (S:) or mino saj~iylK in the Kur means mino sijil~K, i. e. of what had been written [or decreed] for them, that they should be punished therewith; and sij~iyl means the same as sij~iyn, mentioned and expl. in the Kur lxxxiii. 8 and 9: (K:) AO says that mn sj~yl means many and hard; and that sij~iynN is syn. with sij~iylN in this sense: (TA:) it is also said to be from sij~iynN meaning Hell; the n being changed into l: (Bd in xi. 84:) also, to be from A^asojalotuhu meaning “ I sent forth him or it: ” or from A^asojalotu meaning “ I gave; ” and to be from Als~ajolu. (TA.) -A2- Also i. q. daAy^imN; and so sij~iyno [q. v.]. (L in art. sjn.) A mirror: (S, K:) or a Chinese mirror: (MA:) [said to be] a Greek word (ruwmiY~N), (S, K,) arabicized: (S:) and some say zajanojalN. (Az, TA.) [Pl., accord. to Freytag, sanaAjilu.] ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) Pieces such as are termed sabaAjilu, of silver; (K, * TA;) as being likened to the mirror. (TA.) ― -b3- And Gold. (K.) ― -b4- And Saffron. (K.) : see sajiylN. ― -b2- sajolaA='u, [the fem.,] applied to a she-camel, (S, K,) means (assumed tropical:) Long in the udder: (S:) or big in the udder: pl. sujolN. (K.) ― -b3- And, applied to a woman, (assumed tropical:) Big in the posteriors: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) Allowed, or made allowable, to every one; (S, K;) not denied to any one. (S.) ― -b2- Mohammad Ibn-El-Hanafeeyeh said, in explaining the words of the Kur [lv. 60], halo jazaA='u A@loA_iHosaAni A_il~aA A@loA_iHosaAnu [Shall the recompense of doing good be other than doing good?], hiYa musojalapN lilobar~i wa AlfaAjiri, meaning (assumed tropical:) It is unrestricted in its relation to the righteous and the unrighteous: a righteous person is not made to be conditionally intended thereby, exclusively of an unrighteous. (As, S, TA.) ― -b3- And one says, faEalonaAhu wa Ald~ahoru musojalN (assumed tropical:) [We did it when fortune was unrestricted], i. e., when no one feared any one. (K.) sjm , (S, K, JM,) aor. , (JM,) inf. n. sujuwmN and sijaAmN; (S, K;) and ↓ Ansjm; (S, JM;) The tears flowed: (JM:) or poured forth; (TA in explanation of the latter verb;) and so the latter verb said of water. (TA.) ― -b2- And sajama Eani AlA^amori (tropical:) He held back from the thing, or affair, delaying to do it; (A, K, TA;) and shrank from it. (A, TA.) -A2- sajamati AlEayonu damoEahaA, (S, K, *) aor. and inf. n. sajomN and sujuwmN and sajamaAnN, The eye shed its tears in drops: or shed its tears, little or much: (K:) or poured forth its tears. (TA.) And in like manner, sajamati Als~aHaAbapu AlmaA='a (tropical:) The cloud poured forth the water, (K, TA,) little or much: (K:) and AlsHAbp ↓ Asjmt (assumed tropical:) The cloud rained continually; as also Avjmt: (IAar, TA:) and Asjmt Als~amaA='u The sky poured forth [rain]; as also Avjmt. (S.) And sajamahu [He poured it forth, app. meaning either damoEahu or AlmaA='a]; and [so] ↓ Asjmhu; and [app. in an intensive sense] ↓ sj~mhu, inf. n. tasojiymN and tasojaAmN. (K: omitted in the TA.) see the last sentence above. see 1, last two sentences. see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- Ansjm AlkalaAmu (tropical:) The language was, or became, rightly, or regularly, ordered, arranged, or disposed. (TA.) and ↓ sijaAmN and ↓ sujuwmN (TA) [are instances of inf. ns. used as epithets, (as is said in the TA of the first and second, to which the third is obviously similar,) meaning Tears flowing, or pouring forth: or the first may be more correctly rendered tears shed in drops, or simply shed, or poured forth]. Tears: (K:) or flowing tears. (TA.) ― -b2- And Water: (so in copies of the K:) i. e. the water of the sky: (TA:) or water that is apparent, or manifest. (CK.) -A2- Also The leaves of the [tree called] xilaAf [q. v.]; (K;) to which broad and long arrow-heads are likened. (TA.) an inf. n. used as an epithet: see sajomN. (TA.) [An eye shedding many tears]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And saHaAbN sajuwmN (assumed tropical:) [Clouds pouring forth much rain; like saj~aAmN]. (TA.) ― -b3- And naAqapN sajuwmN (tropical:) A she-camel yielding much milk: (A, TA:) or that parts her hind legs on being milked, and raises her head: (K, TA: [in the CK, saEaTato is erroneously put for saTaEato:]) as also ↓ misojaAmN. (K.) ― -b4- rajulN sajuwmN Eani AlmakaArimi (tropical:) A man who shrinks from generous actions. (TA.) : see sajomN. [As it is originally an inf. n., used as an epithet,] you say also A^aEoyunN sujuwmN Eyes shedding tears in drops, or simply shedding tears, or pouring forth tears; i. q. sawaAjimN [pl. of ↓ saAjimapN fem. of ↓ saAjimN, of which last, accord. to Freytag, sujumN is a pl.]. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) Clouds pouring forth much rain. (TA. [See also sajuwmN.]) ; and its fem., with p: see sujuwmN. A certain dye. (K.) A camel that does not utter the grumbling cry termed rugaA=': (S, TA:) or that does not bray clearly: (TA:) i. q. A^azoyamu. (K.) : see sajuwmN. (tropical:) Land watered by rain. (S, TA.) sjn , (S, Msb, K,) aor. , inf. n. sajonN, (S, Msb,) He imprisoned him. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] it is said in a trad., maA $aYo'N A^aHaq~a biTuwli Als~ajoni mino lisaAnK (assumed tropical:) [There is not anything more deserving of long restraint than a tongue]. (L.) ― -b3- And sajana Alham~a (tropical:) He secreted anxiety; did not reveal it. (L, K.) A poet says, wa laA tasojunan~a Alham~a A_in~a lisajonihi EanaA='F wa Ham~ilohu AlmahaAraY Aln~awaAjiyaA (tropical:) [And by no means secrete thou anxiety: verily to the secreting thereof pertains embarrassment: but load with it fleet camels of Mahreh]. (L.) , inf. n. tasojiynN, i. q. $aq~aqahu [He cut it, or divided it, lengthwise; clave it; split it; &c.]. (K.) ― -b2- And sj~n Aln~axola He made the palmtrees to be such as are termed silotiyn [or sij~iyn; i. e. he dug at their feet trenches to conduct the water to them when it did not reach to them]. (K.) A prison; (S, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ sij~iynN: (L:) pl. of the former sujuwnN. (Mgh, Msb.) is syn. with ↓ masojuwnN [Imprisoned]; pl. sujanaA='u and sajonaY: and is applied to a female likewise, as also sajiynapN; pl. sajonaY and sajaAy^inu. (K.) The keeper of a prison. (K.) : see sijonN. ― -b2- [In the Kur lxxxiii. 7,] A certain place in which is the record [of the deeds] of the wicked; (S, L, K;) or, as I 'Ab says, in which are their registers: AO says, it is of the measure fiE~iylN from Als~ijonu, like Alfis~iyqu from Alfisoqu: (S, L:) or a certain valley in Hell: or a certain stone, [or rock,] (L, K,) beneath, (L,) or in, (K,) the seventh earth: (L, K:) [these explanations are given by those who hold that maA sij~iynN in the next verse is for maA kitaAbu sij~iynK:] or it there means a register comprising the deeds of the wicked, (Bd, Jel, *) of the jinn, or genii, and of mankind, (Bd,) or of the devils and the unbelievers: (Jel:) or mA sj~yn in the next verse is for mA ktAb sj~yn, and the meaning is the place, (Bd, Jel,) which is beneath the seventh earth, the abode of Iblees and his forces: (Jel:) IAth says, it occurs in a trad. with the article Al; and without that article it is a proper name for the fire [of Hell], and hence the mention of it in the Kur lxxxiii. 7. (L.) [See also sij~iylN.] -A2- Also Anything hard: (L:) and hard, vehement, or severe; (S, L, K;) applied to a beating. (S, L.) ― -b2- And Continuing, lasting, or everlasting; syn. daAy^imN; (L, K;) as also sij~iylN: so accord. to El-Muärrij. (L. [See, again, sij~iylN.]) -A3- And i. q. EalaAniyap: (L, K:) so in the saying, Eamila *`lika sij~iynFA [He did that openly, or publicly]. (L.) -A4- Also Palm-trees (naxol) such as are termed silotiyn (As, L, K) in the dial. of the people of El-Bahreyn; (As, L;) [app. meaning that the latter word is of that dial.; for it is said that] the Arabs [app. the Arabs in general] say sij~iyn in the place of silotiyn, which is not Arabic: (L:) the palm-trees thus termed are such as have trenches dug at their feet to conduct the water to them when it has not reached to them. (L, and K in art. sltn.) Iron such as is termed A^aniyv [i. e. female, meaning soft]. (L.) [ , accord. to Freytag, The act of imprisoning: but it seems rather to be a word of the class of maboxalapN and majobanapN &c., and to signify a cause of imprisonment.] : see sajiynN. sjw , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. yasojuw, (S, Msb,) inf. n. sujuw~N (S, K, TA) and sajowN, (TA,) said of the night, (Fr, IAar, Msb, TA,) &c., (TA,) It was, or became, silent, quiet, or still: (Fr, IAar, S, K, TA:) and dark: (Fr, TA:) or its darkness became extended: (IAar, TA:) or it covered, or concealed, by its darkness. (Msb, TA.) wa A@ll~ayoli A_i*aA sajaA, in the Kur [xciii. 2], means And the night when it becomes still, silent, or quiet: (IAar, Zj, S, Jel:) or when it covers with its darkness: (Jel:) or when its people become silent: or when its darkness becomes still: from sajaA AlbaHoru, inf. n. sujuw~N, The sea became calm. (Bd.) And one says, sajati Alr~iyHu The wind became still. (TA.) ― -b2- sajati Aln~aAqapu The she-camel prolonged her Haniyn [or cry of yearning towards her young one]. (K.) ― -b3- See also 2. He covered anything; as also ↓ AsjY, and ↓ sajaA. (IAar, TA.) You say, sj~Y Almay~ita, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. tasojaypN, (S, Mgh, K,) He covered the dead person (Mgh, Msb, K) with a garment, or piece of cloth, (Mgh, Msb,) and the like. (Msb.) , (K,) inf. n. musaAjaApN, (TA,) He touched it. (K.) One says, A^ataAnaA biTaEaAmK famaA saAjayonaAhu i. e. [He brought us food, and] we did not touch it. (AZ, TA.) ― -b2- And i. q. EaAlajahu [meaning He worked, or laboured, upon it, or at it; &c.]. (K.) One says, halo tusaAjiY DayoEapF i. e. tuEaAlijuhaA [meaning Dost thou work, or labour, upon a landed estate? or, probably, dost thou cultivate a landed estate by the work, or labour, of others?]. (Aboo-Málik, TA.) see 2. -A2- Asjt Aln~aAqapu The she-camel had much milk. (Sgh, K.) [ A sincere companion and friend. (Golius, from Meyd.)] A nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like; syn. xuluqN, and TabiyEapN, (S,) or gariyzapN: (Msb:) or a faculty, or quality, firmly rooted in the mind, not easy of removal: (MF:) pl. sajaAyaA. (Msb.) A she-camel still, or quiet, when being milked. (M, K.) ― -b2- And A she-camel whose fur is unruffled: and $aApN sajowaA='u a sheep whose wool is unruffled. (TA.) ― -b3- And riyHN sajowaA='u A gentle wind. (TA.) ― -b4- And AimoraA^apN sajowaA='u AlT~arofi i. e. ↓ saAjiyatuhu, (K,) meaning A woman languid, or languishing, in the eye. (TA.) Still, silent, or quiet: thus applied to the sea [as meaning calm, or unruffled]. (S, K.) And layolapN saAjiyapN A calm night, in which the wind is still, and such as is not dark: (T, TA:) or a night in which the cold has become allayed, and in which the wind and the clouds have become still, and which is not dark. (M, TA.) And TarofN saAjK A still, or motionless, eye: (S, K:) [or] EayonN saAjiyapN, accord. to IAar, means an eye that has a languid, or languishing, look; which is an accessory to beauty in women. (TA.) See also the next preceding paragraph. sH , (S, A, TA,) aor. , (S, TA,) inf. n. saH~N, (S, K, &c.,) He poured out, or forth, (S, A, K,) water, (S, A,) &c.: (S:) or, accord. to IDrd, saH~N signifies the pouring out, or forth, in consecutive quantities: or, accord. to the Msb, [but this art. is not in my copy of that work,] the pouring forth much, or abundantly; and the like is said in the Jámi' of Kz. (TA.) You say also, saH~ati Als~amaA='u maTarahaA [The sky poured forth its rain]. (A, TA.) See also an ex. of the inf. n. voce saH~aA='u, below. ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, Aisotano$adotuhu qaSiydapF fasaH~ahaA EalaY~a (tropical:) [I asked him to recite an ode, and he poured it forth to me; lit., upon me], inf. n. as above. (A.) ― -b3- [Hence likewise,] saH~N signifies also (assumed tropical:) The act of flogging. (K, TA.) One says, saH~ahu miAy^apa sawoTK, (S, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He inflicted upon him a hundred stripes of a whip. (S, TA.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) The act of beating, striking, or smiting. (K.) ― -b5- And (assumed tropical:) The act of thrusting or piercing [with a spear or the like]. (TA.) -A2- saH~a, (S, A,) aor. , (S,) so says Fei, or, accord. to some, , agreeably with analogy, (TA,) inf. n. saH~N (S, K) and suHuwHN, (K,) or the former is the inf. n. of the trans. verb, and the latter is that of the intrans., (MF,) It flowed from above; (S, K;) [i. e. it flowed down;] said of water, (S,) and of rain, and of tears; (S, A;) as also ↓ tasaHosaHa and ↓ tsH~H: (K:) or saH~a signifies, or signifies also, it poured out, or forth, vehemently: (TA:) and ↓ tsHsH, it flowed; said of water, (S, TA,) and of a thing. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] saH~ati Al$~aApu, (S, A, TA,) and Albaqarapu, (TA,) aor. tasiH~u, (S, TA,) or, accord. to Lh and Z, tasuH~u, (TA,) inf. n. saH~N, (K,) or suHuwHN, (S, A,) or both, (TA,) and suHuwHapN, (S, Ibn-Et-Teiyánee, TA,) (tropical:) The sheep or goat, and the animal of the ox-kind, became fat: (AZ, AHn, S, TA:) or became fat to the utmost degree: (K:) or became fat so as to flow with grease: (A:) or became fat, but not to the utmost degree. (TA.) see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. It (a camel's arm-pit) poured with sweat. (TA.) : see 1, latter half, in two places. Rain pouring abundantly and extensively: (K in art. sbT:) and ↓ saHosaAHN (S, K) and ↓ saHosaHN (K) rain pouring vehemently, (S, K, * TA,) paring the surface of the earth: (TA:) and ↓ saHuwHN, applied to rain that falls in large drops, pouring much, or abundantly; and also applied to a thundering cloud, (Han~aAnapN, i. e. saHaAbapN fiyhaA raEodN, [or, accord. to the S and A, to any cloud, saHaAbap,]) pouring forth much rain: (Ham p. 391: [in which it is said that in the latter case it may be proper; and in the former case, tropical:]) and ↓ EayonN saHosaAHapN, so in a copy of the K, [and thus in my MS. copy of it,] in other copies ↓ saH~aAHapN, but the former is the right, (TA,) an eye pouring forth tears abundantly, or much: (K, TA:) and ↓ TaEonapN musaHosiHapN (S, TA) [a spear-wound, or the like,] flowing [with blood]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] HalifN saH~N (assumed tropical:) A swearing in which oaths pour forth consecutively. (L.) -A2- Also (assumed tropical:) i. q. qasobN [i. e. Dry, or tough, dates, that crumble in the mouth and have hard stones]; (K:) Az relates his having heard the Bahránees thus term a certain kind of qasob: (TA:) or (tropical:) scattered dates: (A:) or (tropical:) dry, or tough, dates, (K, TA,) not sprinkled with water [in order that they may stick together, for thus they do for this purpose, or they sprinkle the palm-leaf-receptacle of the dates for this purpose], (TA,) scattered (K, TA) upon the ground, not collected in a receptacle, and not packed; (TA;) as also ↓ suH~N, (IDrd, K,) which is of the dial. of El-Yemen. (IDrd.) : see what next precedes. The air. (Fr, T, O, K.) [See also sujaAHN, which is perhaps a mistranscription.] : see saH~N. a fem. epithet, an instance of faEolaA='u having no A^afoEalu, [i. e. not having A^asaH~u for the masc. form], occurring in a trad., in which it is said, (TA,) yamiynu A@ll~`hi saH~aA='u laA yagiyDuhaA $aYo'N A@ll~ayola wa A@ln~ahaAra (A, TA) i. e. (tropical:) The right hand of God is continually pouring with gifts, nothing will render it deficient, night and day: or, as some relate it, the phrase is ↓ yamiynu A@ll~`hi maloA^aY saH~FA [the right hand of God is full, with pouring forth]; the last word being with tenween, as an inf. n.: it is thus likened to the abundant source that is not diminished by drawing from it, nor by descending into it and filling the bucket. (TA.) ― -b2- You say also gaArapN saH~aA='u (A, TA) (tropical:) [An incursion into the territory of an enemy] that pours calamity upon people with sudden impetuosity. (TA.) ― -b3- [Golius explains saH~aA='u, on the authority of Meyd, as signifying (assumed tropical:) A hot wind: it is probably a mistranscription for saxonaA='u.] : see saH~N. : see saH~N. ― -b2- Also, applied to land (A^aroDN), (assumed tropical:) Wide, or spacious: but IDrd says, I know not the truth of this. (TA.) -A2- Also, and ↓ saHosaHapN, A court, or a spacious portion in which is no building or that is vacant, of a house, (S, K, TA,) and of a place of alighting, or of a settlement, or of a collection of houses or tents: the former expl. by IAar as meaning a man's quarter, or tract, in which he alights. (TA.) : see what next precedes. ; and its fem., with p: see saH~N: ― -b2- and see also the fem. in what here follows. , (A, K,) after the manner of a possessive noun, (TA,) and saAH~apN, (K,) the latter occurring in a trad., or, as some relate it, ↓ saHosaAHapN, which means the same, (TA,) (tropical:) A sheep, or goat, that is fat: (S, TA: but in the former, only a pl., as applied to sheep or goats, is mentioned; namely, the first of the pls. below:) or that flows with grease by reason of its fatness: (A:) or full of fat: (TA:) or fat in the utmost degree: (K:) [or fat, but not in the utmost degree; for] one says mahozuwlN; then manoqK when it has become a little fat; then $anuwnN; then samiynN; then saAH~N; and then muvaroTimN, which means fat in the utmost degree: (Aboo-Ma'add El-Kilábee, TA:) pl. suH~aAHN, (Th, S, L,) thus in the handwriting of J, and mentioned by Aboo-Mis-hal, (TA,) or siHaAHN (IKtt, K) and suHaAHN, which is extr. [in form]. (K.) And laHomN saAH~N (assumed tropical:) Fat flesh-meant; as though, by reason of its fatness, it poured forth grease. (As, S, TA.) (tropical:) A swift horse; (Kz, K, TA;) as though it poured forth running; (S, Kz, TA;) likened to rain in swiftness. (TA.) : see saH~N. sHb , (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. saHobN, (Msb, TA,) He dragged it, or drew it along, (S, A, Msb, K,) namely, his *ayol [or skirt], (S,) or a thing, such as a garment &c., (TA,) upon the ground. (Msb, K, TA.) One says of a woman, tasoHabu *ayolahaA [She drags, or draws along, her skirt upon the ground]. (TA.) And saHabati AlriyHu Alt~uraAba [The wind drew along the dust upon the ground]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] saHabati Alr~iyaAHu A^a*oyaAlahaA (tropical:) [The winds dragged their skirts upon the ground; i. e., blew so as to efface the traces upon the ground]. (A: in the TA, Alr~iyHu.) And AisoHabo *ayolaka EalaY maA kaAna min~iY (tropical:) [Drag thy skirt over that which has proceeded from me; i. e. efface what has proceeded from me, as when a person dragging his skirt effaces the traces upon the sand or dust over which he walks]. (A, TA.) And maA A@sotaboqaY rajulN wud~a SaAHibihi bimivoli maA saHaba Al*~ayola EalaY maEaAyibihi (tropical:) [A man has not preserved, or kept alive, the love, or affection, of his companion with anything that is in its effect like his dragging the skirt over his vices, or faults]. (A, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence like wise, as will be shown by what next follows,] saHaba, aor. , (K, TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, TA,) means also (tropical:) He ate and drank vehemently. (S, K, TA.) (tropical:) I took, or ate and drank, much of the food and beverage; as also ↓ tasaH~abotu: because it is the habit of the glutton to draw and appropriate to himself the victuals [and beverages]. (A, TA.) see 4. ― -b2- tsH~b Ealayohi (assumed tropical:) He acted, or behaved, towards him with boldness, or presumptuousness; or did so confiding in his love, or affection: (Az, S, MA, TA:) or with coquettishness, and feigned opposition. (Az, * MA, TA. *) ― -b3- tasaH~abato fiY Haq~ihi, occurring in a trad. of Sa'eed and [a woman named] Arwà, means (assumed tropical:) She took his right, or rightful property, by force, and annexed it to her own, and to her land. (TA.) It was, or became, dragged, or drawn along, (S, A, Msb, K,) upon the ground: (Msb, K:) said of one's skirt, (S,) or of a thing, such as a garment &c. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] AinosaHabato fiyhaA *alaA*ilu Alr~iyHi (tropical:) [The skirts of the wind were, or became, dragged upon it, i. e., upon the ground (AlA^aroD), so as to efface the traces upon it]. (A, TA.) i. q. gi$aAwapN [app. as meaning particularly A covering, or film, upon the eye: expl. by Freytag, from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen, as meaning oculorum caligo]. (K.) ― -b2- And Remains of water in a pool left by a torrent; as also ↓ suHaAbapN: (K, TA:) dim. of the former ↓ suHayobapN. (TA.) A man who takes, or carries, or sweeps, away everything by which he passes. (K.) ― -b2- [Golius explains saHobaAnN, as on the authority of Meyd, as meaning A portion of water remaining in a skin or other thing: but I think that this is a mistranscription for suHobapN.] [termed in the S and K pl. of saHaAbapN, as also suHubN and saHaAy^ibu,] is, accord. to As, [correctly,] a coll. gen. n., used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl.; (MF, TA;) and saHaAbapN is its n. un.; (MF, Msb, * TA;) and suHubN is pl. of saHaAbN or of saHaAbapN; (L, Msb, * MF, TA;) it may be pl. of either of these; (L, MF, TA;) and saHaAy^ibu is pl. of saHaAbapN absolutely, and of saHaAbN when used as fem.: (MF, TA:) it signifies Clouds [or a collection of clouds]; (S, K, KL, TA, &c.;) and [clouds] from which the rain comes: (TA:) so called because drawn along in the air; (Msb, TA;) or because they draw along one another; or because the winds draw them along; (TA;) or because they draw along their fringes. (TA in art. Hbw.) One says, maTaratohumu Als~aHaAbapu [The cloud rained upon them]. (A.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A^aqamotu Einodahu saHaAbapa nahaAriY (tropical:) I remained at his abode the whole of my day: originally said in relation to a cloudy day; and then proverbially used in relation to any day. (A, TA.) And maA zilotu A^afoEaluhu saHaAbapa yawomiY (tropical:) I ceased not to do it the whole of my day. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- maA='u Als~aHaAbi [properly The water of the clouds] is a term for (assumed tropical:) wine. (TA in art. jfn.) ― -b4- Als~aHaAbu is a name of (assumed tropical:) The Prophet's turban; (Mgh, TA:) it was thus called as being likened to the sHAb of the rain because of its being drawn along in the air. (TA.) ― -b5- Also the name of A sword of Dirar Ibn-El-Khattáb. (K.) n. un. of saHaAbN [q. v.]. (As, Msb, &c.) : see suHobapN. dim. of suHobapN, q. v. (TA.) (tropical:) A man who eats and drinks much, (S, A,) or vehemently: (K:) Az says that the word known to him in the former sense is A^usoHuwtN, with t; but that perhaps AsHwb is allowable. (L, TA.) [ A place of dragging, or drawing along, of a skirt, or garment, &c., upon the ground: pl. masaAHibu: see Har p. 78.] sHt , [aor. , inf. n. saHotN,] He extirpated it, eradicated it, exterminated it, or destroyed it utterly; as also ↓ AsHthu: (S, K, TA:) both signify he, or it, made it to go, go away, pass away, or depart; made away with it, did away with it, made an end of it, or destroyed it; namely, a man's property: and the latter, he destroyed utterly what he (a man) possessed. (TA.) You say, saHata AlxitaAna, inf. n. as above; and ↓ AsHthu; He performed the circumcision so as to remove the prepuce utterly. (TA.) And saHata $aEarahu He removed his hair utterly in shaving and cutting: (A:) and saHata raA^osahu, inf. n. as above; and ↓ AsHthu; He shaved his head so as to remove the hair utterly. (Lh, TA.) And saHata Al$~aHoma Eani All~aHomi, (aor. as above, K,) He peeled off the fat from the flesh; (S, A, K;) as also saHafahu. (S.) And saHata $ayoy^FA, aor. and inf. n. as above, He peeled, or peeled off, a thing by little and little. (L, TA.) And saHata wajoha AlA^aroDi He, or it, effaced the traces, or the like, upon the surface of the earth. (A, TA.) fayasoHatakumo biEa*aAbK, in the Kur xx. 64, means Lest He destroy you [by a punishment], (Bd, Jel,) or utterly destroy you; (Bd;) and some read ↓ fayusoHitakumo, (S, Bd, Jel,) which means the same; (Bd, Jel;) this being of the dial. of Nejd and Temeem; and the former, of the dial. of El-Hijáz: (Bd:) or (tropical:) lest He harass, or distress, or afflict, you [by a punishment]: (A, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) lest He pare you [from the surface of the earth thereby]. (TA.) saHatonaAhumo and ↓ A^asoHatonaAhumo both signify (tropical:) We harassed, or distressed, or afflicted, them: and saHatahumo [and ↓ A^asoHatahumo], He slaughtered them. (TA.) -A2- See also the next paragraph, in two places. see above, in six places. ― -b2- [Hence,] A^usoHita, said of a man, (assumed tropical:) His property went away. (Lh, TA.) -A2- AsHt He gained, or earned, what is termed suHot [i.e. gain that was unlawful, &c.]; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ saHata: (K:) or he earned little. (Msb.) You say, AsHt fiY tijaAratihi He earned such gain in his traffic; (S, A;) as also fiyhaA ↓ saHata: (TA:) or he earned little therein; and so AsHt tijaAratahu. (Msb.) And AsHtt tijaAratuhu His traffic was, or became, disapproved, abominable, or foul, and unlawful. (K.) inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (L, TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) Vehemence of eating and drinking. (TA.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) Punishment, castigation, or chastisement. (TA.) ― -b4- barodN saHotN, (K,) [as also saxotN, q. v.,] and baHotN, and laHotN, (TA,) [and laxotN,] i. q. SaAdiqN [i. e. (assumed tropical:) Vehement, or intense, cold: see baHotN &c.]. (K.) ― -b5- See also suHotuwtN: ― -b6- and masoHuwtN: ― -b7- and see the paragraph here following, in two places. (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ suHutN, (S, Msb, K,) the former a contraction of the latter, (Msb,) A thing that is forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful; (S, A, K;) and (so in the A, but in the K “ or ”) what is disapproved, abominable, or foul, of gains, (A, K, TA,) that occasions disgrace (K, TA) and bad repute; as the price of a dog, and of wine, and of a pig; (TA;) any pro- perty that is forbidden, not lawful to be gained (Msb, TA) nor to be eaten; (Msb;) anything forbidden, or unlawful, and of bad repute: sometimes it means what is disapproved; and sometimes, what is unlawful; the context showing in which sense it is used: and it is also applied to signify a bribe that is given to a judge or the like: so called because it cuts off blessing: (TA:) in the Kur v. 46, some read lils~uHoti; and some, lils~uHuti; (Bd, TA;) and it has also been read as the inf. n., ↓ lils~aHoti: (Bd:) the pl. is A^asoHaAtN. (K.) ― -b2- Also Little, or small, in quantity or number; paltry, mean, or inconsiderable. (Msb.) ― -b3- maAluhu suHotN or ↓ saHotN (accord. to different copies of the K [the former the better known]) His property may be taken and destroyed with impunity: and in like manner, damuhu sHt His blood may be shed with impunity. (K, * TA.) ― -b4- See also masoHuwtN. : see the next preceding paragraph. : see what next follows. An old and worn-out garment or piece of cloth; as also ↓ saHotN and ↓ saHotiY~N. (K.) ― -b2- [A mess of] sawiyq [or meal of parched barley, &c.,] having little grease or gravy [mixed with it]; as also ↓ siHotiytN; (K;) the latter a dial. var. of sixotiytN [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b3- And A desert (mafaAzapN) of which the earth is soft. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see masoHuwtN, in two places. ― -b2- saHaAbapN saHiytapN A cloud that carries away, or sweeps away, that by which it passes. (TA.) , and A^aroDN saHotaA='u, (assumed tropical:) A year, and a land, in which is no pasture. (K.) : see the following paragraph. : see the following paragraph. (assumed tropical:) Property (maAlN) made to go away, or depart; made away with, made an end of, or destroyed; as also ↓ musoHatN, (S, K,) as in a verse cited voce mujal~afN, (S,) and ↓ suHotN and ↓ saHiytN. (K.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A man who eats and drinks vehemently; as also ↓ saHotN and ↓ saHiytN: (TA in the present art.:) and ↓ A^usoHuwtN signifies [the same, or] a man who eats and drinks much., (Az, TA voce A^usoHuwbN, q. v.) And masoHuwtu Aljawofi (assumed tropical:) A man (S) who does not become satiated: (S, K:) having a capacious belly, (K, TA,) and who does not become satiated with food: (TA:) and as some say, hungry: (TA:) and one who suffers much from indigestion. (K, TA.) And masoHuwtu AlmaEidapi (tropical:) A man having a greedy, or gluttonous, stomach. (A, TA.) sHj , (S, A, K, TA,) aor. , (K, TA,) inf. n. saHojN, (TA,) He abraded, or otherwise removed, its outer integument, or superficial part; (S, A, K, TA;) relating to one's skin: (S, A, TA:) and he scratched him; or wounded him in the outer skin: also he rubbed it, namely, a thing, with another thing, so as to abrade, or remove, its superficial part: and it, namely, a thing, hitting another thing, abraded from it a little of its superficial part; as when a thing hits the solid hoof previously to [that state of attenuation and abrasion which is termed] AlwajaY. (TA.) You say, saHajotu jilodahu I abraded, or removed, the outer integument [i. e. the cuticle] of his skin. (S.) And A^aSaAbahu $aYo'N fasaHaja wajohahu [A thing hit him, and abraded the cuticle of his face]. (S.) And saHaja AlEuwda biAlmiboradi He abraded the outer part of the wood, or piece of wood, or stick, with the file. (TA.) And yasoHaju AlA^aroDa bixuf~ihi, referring to a camel, (S, K, TA,) He pares the surface of the ground with his foot, so that he is not slow in becoming attenuated and abraded in the sole. (TA.) And saHajati Alr~iyaAHu AlA^aroDa [The winds pared the surface of the earth, removing the dust and pebbles: like sahajat]. (A.) ― -b2- Also He bit him so as to make a mark, or marks, upon him; [or so as to lacerate his skin;] used especially in relation to wild asses; and so ↓ sH~jhu, [but in an intensive sense, i. e. he so bit him much, or many times, (see musaH~ajN,)] inf. n. tasoHiyjN and musaH~ajN [of which latter see an ex. in the next paragraph]. (TA.) ― -b3- also signifies The combing gently upon the skin of the head: (K, TA:) [combing the hair with a gentle pressure upon the skin of the head:] one says, saHaja $aEarahu biAlmu$oTi, inf. n. saHojN, He combed his hair [pressing the comb] gently [upon the skin of his head]. (TA.) ― -b4- And The going quickly [as though paring the surface of the earth with the feet, or making marks upon it]. (O, K.) You say, mar~a yasoHaju He passed along going quickly: and [so] yasoHaju Als~ayora. (O, TA.) ― -b5- And A running of beasts falling short of such as is vehement. (K.) ― -b6- And [hence, app.,] saHaja AlA^ayomaAna, (TA,) aor. as above, (K, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He made the oaths to follow one another with little, or no, interruption. (K, * TA.) -A2- See also 7. , (S, K,) inf. n. tasoHiyjN and musaH~ajN, [of which latter, see an ex. in what follows,] (TA,) He abraded, or otherwise removed, its outer integument, or superficial part, much, or often. (S, K.) ― -b2- See also 1. An ex. of the latter inf. n. occurs in the following hemistich of the “ Jeemeeyeh ” of El-'Ajjáj: jaA^obaA taraY biliyitihi musaH~ajaA [A bulky, or strong, wild ass, in the side of whose neck thou seest much biting, or lacerating of the skin, that has made marks upon it]: thus heard by AHát from the mouth of AZ, and thus recited by the former to As, who disallowed it, and said, taliylahu [i. e. whose neck, or cheek, thou seest to be much bitten, &c., instead of biliyitihi], but abstained from objecting after AHát had adduced other exs. [of similar inf. ns.], and among them the saying in the Kur [xxxiv. 18], wa maz~aqonaAhumo kul~a mumaz~aqK: Az says that msH~jA is here made an inf. n., like tasoHiyjFA. (TA) It had its outer integument, or superficial part, abraded, or otherwise removed, much, or often: (S, K:) said of the skin [&c.]. (S.) It had its outer integument, or superficial part, abraded, or otherwise removed: (S, K:) said of the skin: (S:) [and it seems from the phrase saHaju Alfaxi*ayoni occurring in the O and K in art. b*H, that ↓ saHija, inf. n. saHajN, may signify the same: but saHaju may there be a mistranscription for saHoju.] One says, AinosaHaja jiloduhu mino $aYo'K mar~a bihi His skin had its cuticle abraded in consequence of a thing that passed by him. (TA.) inf. n. of saHaja. (TA.) ― -b2- And [hence, Dysentery, or the like; because attended by abrasion, or excoriation, of the colon;] a certain disease of the bowels; (PS;) an abrading disease in the belly. (TA.) You say, bihi saHojN (S) i. e. In him is the disease above mentioned. (PS.) : see saH~aAjN. Having its outer integument, or superficial part, abraded, or otherwise removed; as also ↓ masoHuwjN. (TA.) A camel that pares the surface of the ground with his foot, (S, * K, * TA,) so that he is not slow in becoming attenuated and abraded in the sole. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) A man who makes oaths to follow one another with little, or no, interruption: (TA:) and so ↓ misoHaAjN and ↓ saHuwjN applied to a woman. (K, * TA.) And HalifN saH~aAjN (assumed tropical:) A swearing in which the oaths are made so to follow one another. (TA.) [ act. part. n. of saHaja: fem. with p: pl. of the fem. sawaAHiju. Hence,] riyaAHN sawaAHiju [Winds paring, or that pare, the surface of the earth, removing the dust and pebbles]. (A, TA.) [ A place of abrasion, &c.: pl. masaAHiju. ― -b2- Hence,] one says, of an ass, (A,) i. e. a wild ass, (TA,) Ealayohi AlmasaAHiju Upon him are the marks, or scars, of the biting of other asses. (A, TA.) The [instrument called] miboraAp with which one pares, or shapes, wood. (O, K.) ― -b2- [And hence, app., A rain that is as though it pared the surface of the earth. Accord. to Freytag, masoHajN occurs in this sense in the Deewán of Jereer: pl. masaAHiju: but the correct word is evidently misoHajN.] ― -b3- Also, and ↓ misoHaAjN, (O, K, TA,) A wild ass that bites [other asses] much, or frequently: (TA:) [or each signifies, though not so expl. in the TA,] an ass [i. e. a wild ass] that runs a pace falling short of such as is vehement. (O. K.) An ass [i. e. a wild ass] much bitten. (S, A, K.) ― -b2- [See also 2.] : see misoHajN: ― -b2- and see also saH~aAjN. : see saHiyjN. sHr He, or it, hit, or hurt, his saHor [or lungs, &c.], (Mgh, TA,) or his suHorap [i. e. heart]. (TA.) ― -b2- And the same, aor. , inf. n. siHorN, (T, TA,) [said to be] the only instance of a pret. and aor. and inf. n. of these measures except the verb faEala, aor. yafoEalu, inf. n. fiEolN, (MF,) (tropical:) He turned it, (T,) or him, (TA,) Eano wajohihi [from its, or his, course, or way, or manner of being]: and hence other significations here following. (T, TA. [Accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical.]) In this sense the verb is used in the Kur xxiii. 91. (Fr.) The Arabs say to a man, maA saHaraka Eano wajohi ka*aA wa ka*aA (tropical:) What has turned thee from such and such a course? (Yoo.) A^ufika and suHira are syn. [as meaning (tropical:) He was turned from his course &c.]. (TA.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) He turned him from hatred to love. (TA.) ― -b4- Hence, (TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (T, S, TA,) and inf. n. also saHorN, (KL, TA,) (tropical:) He enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it; (S, * K, * KL, PS;) and so ↓ sH~rhu (MA, TA) [in an intensive or a frequentative sense, meaning he enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it, much, or (as shown by an explanation of its pass. part. n.) time after time]: and saHara Eayonahu He enchanted, or fascinated, his eye. (MA.) You say, saHara Al$~aYo'a Eano wajohihi, meaning (tropical:) He (an enchanter, saAHirN) apparently turned the thing from its proper manner of being, making what was false to appear in the form of the true, or real; causing the thing to be imagined different from what it really was. (T, TA. [See siHorN, below.]) And AlmaroA^apu tasoHaru Aln~aAsa biEayonihaA (tropical:) [The woman enchants, or fascinates, men by her eye]. (A.) And saHarahu bikalaAmihi (assumed tropical:) He caused him, or enticed him, to incline to him by his soft, or elegant, speech, and by the beauty of its composition. (Msb.) ― -b5- (tropical:) He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; (S, Mgh, K; *) as also ↓ sH~rhu, [but app. in an intensive or a frequentative sense,] (K, TA,) inf. n. tasoHiyrN. (TA. [Accord. to the Mgh, the former verb in this sense seems to be derived from the same verb in the first of the senses expl. in this art.]) ― -b6- And in like manner, (assumed tropical:) He diverted him [with a thing], as one diverts a child with food, that he may be contented, and not want milk; syn. Eal~alahu; as also ↓ sH~rhu, inf. n. tasoHiyrN. (S, TA.) One says, saHarahu biAlT~aEaAmi wa Al$~araAbi, and ↓ sH~rhu, (assumed tropical:) He fed him, and diverted him [from the feeling of want], with meat and drink. (TA.) ― -b7- And saHarotu AlfiD~apa (assumed tropical:) I gilded the silver. (Ham p. 601.) ― -b8- siHorN is also syn. with fasaAdN [as quasi-inf. n. of A^afosada, as is indicated in the TA; thus signifying The act of corrupting, marring, spoiling, &c.: see the pass. part. n. masoHuwrN]. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, saHara AlmaTaru AlT~iyna and Alt~uraAba, (assumed tropical:) The rain spoiled the clay, and the earth, or dust, so that it was not fit for use. (TA.) ― -b9- And one says of the adhesion of the lungs to the side by reason of thirst, yasoHaru A^alobaAna Alganami, meaning (assumed tropical:) It causes the milk of the sheep, or goats, to descend before bringing forth. (TA.) -A2- saHara also signifies He went, or removed, to a distance, or far away; syn. tabaAEada; (T, K;) said of a man. (T, TA.) -A3- saHira, aor. , (assumed tropical:) He went forth early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; syn. bak~ara. (O, K. [See also 4.]) , inf. n. tasoHiyrN: see 1, in four places. ― -b2- Also (tropical:) He fed another, or others, with the food, or meal, called the saHuwr: (M, Mgh, TA:) or saH~arahumo signifies he gave to them the meal so called. (Mgh.) (tropical:) He was, or became, in the time called the saHar; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ AstHr. (TA.) And (tropical:) He went, or journeyed, in the time so called: (S, K, TA:) or he rose to go, or journey, in that time; and so ↓ AstHr: (TA:) or this latter signifies he went forth in that time. (A. [See also 1, last sentence.]) (A, Mgh, Msb) and tsH~r Als~aHuwra (Az, TA) (tropical:) He ate the food, or meal, [or drank the draught of milk,] called the saHuwr. (Az, A, Mgh, Msb, TA.) ― -b2- And tsH~r bihi (tropical:) He ate it, (S, * K, * TA,) namely, food, or sawiyq [q. v.], [or drank it, namely, milk,] at the time called the saHar. (TA.) : see 4, in two places. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) He (a cock) crowed at the time called the saHar: (S, K:) and he (a bird) sang, warbled, or uttered his voice, at that time. (TA.) , and ↓ saHarN, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) sometimes thus because of the faucial letter, (S,) and ↓ suHorN, (S, Msb, K,) and, accord. to El-Khafájee, in the 'Ináyeh, ↓ siHorN, but this is not mentioned by any other, and therefore requires confirmation, (TA,) The lungs, or lights: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or what adheres to the gullet and the windpipe, of [the contents of] the upper part of the belly: or all that hangs to the gullet, consisting of the heart and liver and lungs: (Msb, TA:) and the part of the exterior of the body corresponding to the place of the lungs: (Mgh, TA: *) and saHorN signifies also the liver; and the core, or black or inner part, (sawaAd,) and sides, or regions, of the heart: (TA:) and ↓ suHorN, the heart; (ElJarmee, K;) as also ↓ suHorapN: (TA:) the pl. (of saHorN, S, Msb) is suHuwrN, and (of ↓ suHorN, S, Msb, and of ↓ saHarN, Msb) A^asoHaArN. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- Hence, Ainotafaxa saHoruhu, (S, A, K,) and Ainotafaxato ↓ masaAHiruhu, (A, K,) (tropical:) His lungs became inflated, or swollen, by reason of timidity and cowardice: (A:) said of a coward: (S:) and of one who has exceeded his due bounds: Lth says that, when repletion arises in a man, one says Antfx sHrh, and that the meaning is, [as given also in the K,] he exceeded his due bounds: but Az says that this is a mistake, and that this phrase is only said of a coward, whose inside is filled with fear, and whose lungs are inflated, or swollen, so that the heart is raised to the gullet: and of the same kind is the phrase in the Kur [xxxiii. 10] wabalagati Alquluwbu AlHanaAjira. (TA.) ― -b3- And AlmuqaT~aEapu AlA^asoHaAri, and Als~uHuwri, (assumed tropical:) [She that has her lungs burst asunder], an appellation given to the A^aronab [i. e. hare, or female hare], (S, K,) or to the swift Arnb, (TA in art. qTE,) by way of good omen, meaning that her lungs will burst asunder; like AlmuqaT~aEapu Aln~iyaATi: (S:) and some (of those of later times, S) say AlmuqaT~iEapu, with kesr to the T; (S, K;) as though, by her speed and vehemence of running, she would burst asunder her lungs; (S;) or because she bursts the lungs of the dogs by the vehemence of her running, and the lungs of him who purses her. (ISh, Sgh.) ― -b4- And AinoqaTaEa minohu saHoriY (tropical:) I despaired of him, or it. (A, K.) And A^anaA minohu gayoru Sariymi saHorK (tropical:) I am not in despair of him, or it. (A, B.) Sariymu saHorK is also expl. as signifying (tropical:) Having his hope cut off: and (tropical:) anything despaired of. (TA.) And Surima saHoruhu means (tropical:) His hope was cut off. (TA.) -A2- Also The scar of a gall on the back of a camel, (K, TA,) when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white. (TA.) -A3- And The upper, or highest, part of a valley. (TA.) -A4- See also saH~aArapN. -A5- And see saHarN, in two places. : see the next preceding paragraph, in three places. : see saHorN, first sentence. -A2- [Also] an inf. n. of saHarahu, meaning (tropical:) The turning a thing from its proper manner of being to another manner: (T, TA: [accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical:]) and hence, (T, TA,) (tropical:) enchantment, or fascination: (T, * S, * MA, KL, PS:) for when. the enchanter (Als~aAHiru) makes what is false to appear in the form of truth, and causes a thing to be imagined different from what it really is, it is as though he turned it from its proper manner of being: (T, TA:) the producing what is false in the form of truth: (IF, Msb:) or, in the common conventional language of the law, any event of which the cause is hidden, and which is imagined to be different from what it really is: and embellishment by falsification, and deceit: (Fakhred-Deen, Msb:) or a performance in which one allies himself to the devil, and which is effected by his aid: (TA:) i. q. A^axo*apN [meaning a kind of enchantment, or fascination, which captivates the eye and the like, and by which enchantresses withhold their husbands from other women]: (S:) and anything of which the way of proceeding or operation (maA^oxa*uhu) is subtile: (S, K:) accord. to Ibn-Abee-'Áïsheh, siHor is thus called by the Arabs because it changes health, or soundness, to disease: (Sh:) [and in like manner it is said to change hatred to love: (see 1:)] pl. A^asoHaArN and suHuwrN. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) Skilful eloquence: (TA:) or used absolutely, it is applied to that for which the agent is blamed: and when restricted, to that which is praiseworthy. (Msb.) Thus it is in the saying of Mohammad, A_in~a mina AlbayaAni lasiHorFA (tropical:) [Verily there is a kind of eloquence that is enchantment]: because the speaker propounds an obscure matter, and discloses its true meaning by the beauty of his eloquence, inclining the hearts [of his hearers] in like manner as they are inclined by siHor: or because there is in eloquence a novelty and strangeness of composition which attracts the hearer and brings him to such a pass as almost diverts him from other things; therefore it is likened to siHor properly so called: and it is said to be Als~iHoru AlHalaAlu [or lawful enchantment]. (Msb.) The saying of Mohammad mentioned above was uttered on the following occasion: Keys Ibn-'Ásim El-Minkaree and EzZibrikán Ibn-Bedr and 'Amr Ibn-El-Ahtam came to the Prophet, who asked 'Amr respecting EzZibrikán; whereupon he spoke well of him: but Ez-Zibrikán was not content with this, and said, “ By God, O apostle of God, he knows that I am more excellent than he has said; but he envies the place that I have in thine estimation: ” and thereupon 'Amr spoke ill of him; and then said, “ By God, I did not lie of him in the first saying nor in the other; but he pleased me, and I spoke as pleased; then he angered me, and I spoke as angered: ” then Mohammad uttered the above-mentioned words. (TA.) Their meaning is, but God knows best, he praises the man, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn the hearts of the hearers to him, (K,) or to what he says; (TA;) and he dispraises him, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn their hearts also to him, (K,) or to what he says after. (TA.) A' Obeyd says nearly the same. Or, as some say, the meaning is, that there is an eloquence that is sinful like siHor. (TA.) ― -b3- Also (tropical:) Skill; science: Mohammad said, mano taEal~ama baAbFA mina Aln~ujuwmi faqado taEal~ama baAbFA mina Als~iHori (tropical:) [He who learneth a process of the science of the stars (meaning astrology or astronomy) learneth a process of enchantment], which may mean that the science of the stars is forbidden to be learned, like the science of enchantment, and that the learning of it is an act of infidelity: or it may mean that it is skill, and science; referring to what is acquired thereof by way of calculation; as the knowledge of eclipses of the sun or moon, and the like. (ISd, TA.) ― -b4- Also (tropical:) Food; aliment; nutriment: so called because its effect is subtile. (TA.) ― -b5- gayovN *uw siHorK means (assumed tropical:) Superabundant rain. (TA.) : see saHorN, in two places. -A2- Also, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and ↓ saHorN, (TA,) and ↓ suHurN, (Msb,) and ↓ saHariY~N, and ↓ saHariy~apN, (K,) (tropical:) The time a little before daybreak: (S, K:) or [simply] before daybreak: (Msb:) or the last part of the night: (Lth, Mgh:) or the last sixth of the night: (Mgh:) the pl. of saHarN (Msb) and of ↓ saHorN (TA) and of ↓ suHurN, (Msb,) is A^asoHaArN: (Msb, K, TA:) the saHar is thus met. called because it is the time of the departure of the night and the coming of the day; so that it is the mutanaf~as [lit. the “ time of the breathing, ” by which is meant the “ shining forth, ”] of the dawn: (A:) there are two times of which each is thus called; one, which is [specially] called Als~aHaru AlA^aEolaY, [or the earlier saHar,] (A, Mgh,) is before daybreak; (Mgh;) or a little before daybreak: (A:) and the other, at daybreak: (A, Mgh:) like as one says “ the false dawn ” and “ the true: ” (A:) the earlier saHar is also called ↓ suHorapN: (S, K:) or the suHorap is the same as the saHar: or it is the last third of the night, to daybreak. (TA.) Using saHar indeterminately, you make it perfectly decl., and say, A^atayotuhu bisaHarK [I came to him a little before daybreak], agreeably with the phrase in the Kur liv. 34; (S;) and in like manner, ↓ bisuHorapK [in the earlier saHar]: (S, K:) you also say saHarFA, and ↓ suHorapF, (A,) and saHarFA mina AlA^asoHaAri: and maA zaAla EinodanaA muno*u Als~aHari [He ceased not to be with us, or at our abode, from a little before daybreak]: and laqiytuhu biAls~aHari AlA^aEolaY, and biA^aEolaY saHarayoni, and biA^aEolaY Als~aHarayoni, (TA,) and fiY A^aEolaY Als~aHarayoni, (A, TA,) [I met him in the earlier saHar;] but biA^aEolaY saHarK, a phrase used by El-'Ajjáj, is erroneous: (TA:) and h`*ihi All~ayolapi ↓ laqiytuhu saHariY~a and ↓ saHariy~atahaA [I met him in the time a little before daybreak of this last night]. (TA.) When, by saHar alone, you mean the saHar of the night immediately preceding, you say, laqiytuhu saHara yaA h`*aA [I met him a little before daybreak this last night, O thou man], (S, K,) making it imperfectly decl. because it is altered from Als~aHara, (S,) or because it is for biAls~aHari; (TA;) and it is thus determinate by itself, (S, K,) without its being prefixed to another noun and without Al: (S:) and in the same sense you say bisaHara: (TA:) and you say, siro EalaY farasika saHara yaA fataY [Go thou on thy horse a little before daybreak this night, O youth: so in the TA; but in two copies of the S, for siro I find siyra]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like qabolu and baEodu &c.,] because it is an adv. n. which, in a place where it is fitting to be such, may not be used otherwise than as such: (S:) and [in like manner] you say, ↓ laqiytuhu suHorapa yaA h`*aA [I met him in the earlier saHar of this last night, O thou man]. (TA.) If you make saHar the proper name of a man, it is perfectly decl.: and so is the dim.; for it is not of the measure of a noun made to deviate from its original from, like A^uxaru: you say, ↓ siro EalaY farasika suHayorFA [Go thou on thy horse a very little before daybreak: so in the TA; but here again, in two copies of the S, for siro I find siyra]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like qabolu &c.,] because its being made of the dim. form does not bring it into the class of adv. ns. which may also be used as nouns absolutely, though it does bring it into the class of nouns which are perfectly declinable. (S, TA.) ― -b2- saHarN also signifies (tropical:) Whiteness overspreading blackness; (K;) like SaHarN; except that the former is mostly used in relation to the time so called, of daybreak; and the latter, in relation to colours, as when one says HimaArN A^aSoHaru; (TA;) and ↓ suHorapN signifies the same; (TA;) i. q. SuHorapN. (K.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) The extremity (T, A, K) of a desert, (T,) and of the earth or a land, (A,) or of anything: (K:) from the time of night so called: (A:) pl. A^asoHaArN. (T, A, K.) : see saHiyrN. : see saHarN, first sentence, in two places. : see saHorN: -A2- and saHarN, in five places. and saHariy~apN: see saHarN; each in two places. A meal, or food, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or [particularly] sawiyq [generally meaning meal of parched barley], that is eaten at the time called the saHar; (S, * Mgh, Msb, K* TA;) or a draught of milk that is drunk at that time. (TA.) It is repeatedly mentioned in trads. [relating to Ramadán, when the Muslim is required to be exact in the time of this meal], and mostly as above; but some say that it is correctly [in these cases] with damm, [i. e. suHuwr, which see below,] because the blessing and recompense have respect to the action, and not to the food. (TA.) , an inf. n. [without a verb properly belonging to it, or rather a quasi-inf. n., for its verb is tasaH~ara], (TA,) The act of eating the meal, or food, [or drinking the draught of milk,] called the saHuwr [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.) : see masoHuwrN. ― -b2- Also A man having his lungs (saHoruhu) ruptured; and so ↓ saHirN. (TA.) ― -b3- And Having a complaint of the belly, (K, TA,) from pain of the lungs. (TA.) ― -b4- And A horse large in the belly, (K,) or in the jawof [which often means the chest]. (TA.) -A2- [And An arrow wounding the lungs: so accord. to Freytag in the “ Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen. ”] : see saHarN, in the latter half of the paragraph. The parts, of a sheep or goat, that the butcher plucks out (K, TA) and throws away, (TA,) consisting of the lungs, or lights, (saHor) and the windpipe, (K, TA,) and the appendages of these. (TA.) : see saAHirN, in two places. (tropical:) A certain plaything of children; (A, K, TA;) having a string attached to it; (A;) which, when extended in one direction, turns out to be of one colour; and when extended in another direction, turns out to be of another colour: (A, * TA:) it is also called ↓ saHorN: and whatever. resembles it is called by the former appellation: so says Lth. (TA.) (tropical:) [An enchanter;] a man who practices siHor; as also ↓ saH~aArN [in an intensive sense, or denoting habit or frequency]: pl. of the former saHarapN and suH~aArN; and of ↓ the latter, saH~aAruwna only, for it has no broken pl. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, lahaA EayonN saAHirapN (tropical:) [She has an enchanting, or a fascinating, eye], and EuyuwnN sawaAHiru [enchanting, or fascinating, eyes]. (A, TA.) And A^aroDN saAHirapu Als~araAbi (tropical:) [A land of delusive mirage].(A, TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) Knowing, skilful, or intelligent. (S, * TA.) , of which the pl. occurs in the Kur xxvi. 153 and 185, means Having suHor or saHor [i. e. lungs]; (Bd, TA;) or created with saHor [or lungs]; (S;) i. e. a human being: (Bd:) or diverted [from want] with food and drink: (S, * TA:) and this seems to be implied by the explanation in the K; which is hollow; from Fr: (TA:) or enchanted time after time, so that his intellect is disordered, or rendered unsound: (A, TA:) or enchanted much, so that his reason is overcome: (Bd, Jel:) [see also masoHuwrN:] or deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted. (TA.) Having his lungs (saHoruhu), or his heart (suHoratuhu), hit, or hurt; as also ↓ saHiyrN [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b2- [(tropical:) Enchanted, or fascinated.] ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Deprived of his reason or intellect; corrupted or disordered [in his intellect]. (IAar, Sh.) [See also musaH~arN.] ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) Food (TaEaAmN) marred, or spoilt, (K, TA,) in the making thereof. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) Herbage marred, or spoilt. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A place marred, or spoilt, by much rain, or by scantiness of herbage. (K.) The fem., with p, accord. to Az, signifies (assumed tropical:) Land (A^aroDN) marred, or spoilt, by superabundant rain, or by scantiness of herbage: accord. to ISh, (assumed tropical:) land in which is little milk; i. e. [because] without herbage: accord. to Z, [in the A,] (tropical:) land that produces no herbage. (TA.) ― -b5- And the fem., applied to a she-goat, (tropical:) Having little milk: (A, TA:) or large in her udder, but having little milk. (Ham p. 26.) : see saHorN, second sentence. sHf , (S, K, TA,) aor. , (K, TA,) inf. n. saHofN, (S, TA,) He pared it, or peeled it, off; (S, K, TA;) namely, a thing; (TA;) and [particularly] the fat from the back (S, K) of the sheep or goat, (S, TA,) not of the she-camel, as is indicated by the context in the K, (TA,) by reason of its abundance, after which he roasted it, (S, TA,) i. e., accord. to the S, the fat, but correctly the sheep or goat: (TA:) so says ISK. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And saHafahu, (Lth, TA,) inf. n. as above, (Lth, K, TA,) He removed it, or stripped it off, namely, hair from skin, so that none of it remained. (Lth, K, TA.) ― -b3- Hence, (TA,) saHafati AlA_ibilu (tropical:) The camels ate what they would. (K, TA.) ― -b4- And saHafati Alr~iyHu Als~aHaAba (assumed tropical:) The wind removed the clouds; (Lth, K;)as also ↓ A^asoHafatohu, (Zj, K, TA: in the CK AsotaHaf~atuhu.) ― -b5- saHafa raA^osahu, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He shaved his head (S, K, TA) so as to remove the hair utterly. (TA.) ― -b6- saHafa Al$~aYo'a, and Aln~axolapa wagayorahaA, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He burned the thing, and the palm-tree &c.; (K, TA;) in the case of the palm-tree, by kindling fire at the stumps of the branches, being unable to strip them off. (Aboo-Nasr, TA.) ― -b7- And saHafahu He (i. e. God) caused him to be affected with suHaAf, i. e. consumption, or ulceration of the lungs. (TA.) He sold the fat termed saHofap. (K.) -A2- See also 1. Fat, as a subst.: pl. siHaAfN. (TA.) An Arab of the desert said, A^atawonaA biSiHaAfK fiyhaA liHaAmN wasiHaAfN They brought us bowls in which were sorts of flesh-meat and of fat. (IAar K, * TA.) A piece, or portion, of fat; in a general sense: (TA:) or the portion of fat that is upon the back, (S, K, TA,) sticking to the skin, in the part between the two shoulder-blades, extending to the haunches: so says ISk: (S, TA:) or that is upon the two sides and the back: and it is never but from fatness: accord. to IKh, it is in all beasts except the camel: ISd says that, accord. to some, it is in the camel [also]. (TA.) ― -b2- And [the dual] saHofataAni The two sides of the tuft of hair that is between the lower lip and the chin: (Aboo-Sa'eed, K:) pl. saHafaAtN. (TA.) -A2- See also saHiyfN. -A3- [Freytag makes it to be also syn. with masoHafN, as on the authority of the K, in which I do not find it in this sense.] : see what next follows. (in which the n is augmentative, TA) A man having the head shaven; (IB, K, TA;) as also ↓ suHafapN. (IB, TA.) ― -b2- And with the article Al, What one has shaven off: thus it is sometimes a subst.; and sometimes, [i. e. in the former sense,] an epithet. (IB, TA.) -A2- Also A certain beast, or creeping thing: (Seer, TA:) [SM says,] I think it is the sulaHofiyap [or tortoise]. (TA.) Consumption; or ulceration of the lungs; syn. sil~N. (S, K.) A bucket (dalow) that takes, and bears away, the water that is in a well. (Seer, K.) -A2- Also, applied to a she-camel, Of which the fat has gone away. (ISd, TA.) ― -b2- And, applied to a sheep or goat, or to a ewe or she-goat, ($aAp,) Having a portion of fat such as is termed saHofap, or two such portions of fat; as also ↓ A^usoHuwfN: (TA:) or, so applied, (S,) and applied to a she-camel, (S, K,) and to a he-camel, (K,) having abundance of saHaAy^if, (S, * K, TA,) pl. of saHiyfapN [q. v.]; or having abundance of the fat termed saHofap. (TA.) ― -b3- Also A she-camel long in the teats. (IDrd, K.) ― -b4- And A she-camel narrow in the orifices of the teats. (IDrd, K.) ― -b5- And A she-camel that drags her feet, or the extremities of her feet, upon the ground, in going along; (K, TA;) so say some; i. e., by reason of fatigue: a dial. var. of zaHuwfN. (TA.) ― -b6- And A sheep, or ewe, thin in the wool of the belly. (K.) ― -b7- In the K, three other meanings are erroneously assigned to this word; one of them belonging to saHiyfapN, and each of the others to saHiyfN. (TA.) , (ISk, S, Sgh, TA,) accord. to the context in the K saHuwfN, which is wrong, in this and the next sense, (TA,) The sound of the mill when one grinds. (ISk, S, Sgh, K *) And The sound of the streaming of milk from the udder; (O, K, * TA;) as also ↓ saHofapN. (K, * TA.) The fat called saHofapN that one has pared off from the back of a sheep or goat. (ISk, S.) ― -b2- And sing. of saHaAy^ifu, (Lth, TA,) which signifirs The layers of fat between the layers [of flesh] of the flanks: and similar wide portions of fat that are seen adhering to the skin. (Lth, K, TA.) ― -b3- Also A rain (maTorapN) that sweeps away that along which it passes: (S, O, L, TA:) in the K, by the omission of kasafiynapK, this meaning is erroneously assigned to saHuwfN: accord. to As, a sharp rain, that sweeps away everything: and saHiyqapN, with q, a vehement rain, consisting of large drops, but of little width: pls. saHaAy^ifu and saHaAy^iqu. (TA.) : see saHuwfN. ― -b2- A^usoHuwfu AlA^aHaAliyli, (K,) mentioned by ISh, on the authority of Aboo-Aslam, (TA,) and A_isoHawofu AlAHAlyl, (K,) thus accord. to Sb, (TA,) A she-camel wide in the orifices of the teats: (Aboo-Aslam, K:) or having much milk, the streaming of which causes a sound to be heard. (Aboo-Málik, K, * TA.) The mark, or track, of a serpent, upon the ground; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also mazoHafN. (TA.) , with fet-h [to the H, or perhaps to the m and H], A land of which the herbage is thin [or scanty]: mentioned in the K in art. sxf, as being [written musoxifapN,] like maHosinapN. (TA.) A thing with which flesh, or flesh-meat, is pared. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A man affected with suHaAf, i. e. consumption, or ulceration of the lungs; (S;) syn. masoluwlN. (K.) sHq , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K) inf. n. saHoqN, (Msb,) He bruised, brayed, or pounded, it; syn. daq~ahu; (Mgh, K;) namely, a thing, (S, TA,) or medicine: (Mgh, Msb:) or i. q. sahakahu [app. as meaning he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it coarsely; but see this latter verb]: (S, K:) or it signifies [he did so in a degree] less than what is meant by daq~ahu: (Lth, K:) or [he powdered, or pulverized, it; i. e.] he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it finely: or he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it time after time. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] saHaqati Alr~iyHu AlA^aroDa, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) The wind effaced the traces of the ground, (K, TA,) and carried away the broken particles [that were upon it]: (M, TA:) or passed along as though it were bruising, or braying, or pounding, (kaA^an~ahaA tasoHaqu,) the dust: (O, K:) or pared, or abraded, the surface of the earth by its vehement blowing; as also sahakatohaA [q. v.]. (T, A, TA.) ― -b3- And saHaqahu, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He wore it out; namely, a garment. (K, TA.) And saHaqahu mar~u Alz~amaAni (assumed tropical:) The course of time rendered it (a garment) thin and worn out. (O, TA.) And saHaqahu AlbilaA (assumed tropical:) [Wear wasted it]; namely, a garment. (TA.) ― -b4- Also He, or it, rendered it soft, or smooth; namely, a hard thing. (K.) ― -b5- And (assumed tropical:) He destroyed it; and so ↓ AsHqhu. (Har p. 257-8.) ― -b6- saHaqa Alqamolapa He killed the louse. (K.) ― -b7- saHaqa raA^osahu He shaved his head. (K.) ― -b8- saHaqati AlEayonu damoEahaA The eye spent its tears; (K, TA;) shed them, or let them fall. (TA.) ― -b9- See also 4. -A2- saHuqa, aor. , inf. n. suHuwqapN, (assumed tropical:) It (a garment) was, or became, old, and worn out; (K;) [and so, app., saHiqa, inf. n., saHaqN, accord. to a usage of this noun, in the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen, mentioned by Freytag, and agreeably with the phrase vawobN saHiqN, mentioned below;] as also ↓ AsHq, (Yaakoob, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. A_isoHaAqN. (Msb.) -A3- saHuqa, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ; and saHiqa, aor. ; (K;) inf. n. suHoqN (S, * Msb, * K) [and app. suHuqN also]; It (a thing, S, or a place, Msb) was, or became, distant, or remote; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ AsHq, and ↓ AnsHq. (TA.) suHoqN and suHuqN are both syn. with buEodN. (S, K.) One says, suHoqFA lahu, (S, Msb,) a form of imprecation, (Msb,) meaning May God alienate him, or estrange him, from good, or prosperity! or curse him! i. e. may he not be pitied with respect to that which has befallen him! like buEodFA lahu: the most approved way is to put the noun thus in the accus. case as an inf. n.; but the tribe of Temeem say, buEodN lahu, and suHoqN. (TA in art. bEd.) ― -b2- saHuqati Aln~axolapu The palm-tree became tall: (K:) or tall with smoothness [of its trunk]. (TA.) -A4- saHaqati Ald~aAb~apu, [inf. n. saHoqN,] The beast ran vehemently: or ran a pace above that termed ma$oYN and below that termed HuDorN, (K, TA,) agreeably with what is said in explanation of Als~aHoqu in the S: or below that termed HuDorN and above that termed saHojN. (TA.) [meaning (tropical:) The mutual act, of women, indicated by the epithet saH~aAqapN (q. v.), as also ↓ tasaAHuqN,] is post-classical: (T, TA:) such it is said to be. (Mgh.) : see 1. ― -b2- Said of God, (S, TA,) He removed him far away, or alienated him, or estranged him, in a general sense, or from good, or prosperity; syn. A^aboEadahu; (S, O, K, TA; [accord. to the CK AnsHqhu, which is wrong;]) as also ↓ saHaqahu: or, from his mercy. (TA.) -A2- AsHq as intrans.: see 1, in two places. ― -b2- Also, [in the CK, erroneously, AnsHq,] said of a came's foot, It was, or became, smooth, with a degree of hardness; syn. marana. (ISk, S, O, K.) ― -b3- And said of an udder, It lost its milk, and became wasted, and clave to the belly: (ISk, S, O, K:) or it dried up: (As, TA:) or it went away; and wasted. (A'Obeyd, TA.) ― -b4- And AsHqt Ald~alowu The bucket became empty of what was in it. (TA.) The act of rubbing together. (KL.) See also 3. [It was, or became, bruised, brayed, or pounded: &c.:] quasi-pass. of saHaqahu as expl. in the first sentence of this art. (S, O, K.) ― -b2- Said of a garment, It was, or became, [worn out; or thin and worn out; (see 1;) or] threadbare, or napless, while new. (TA.) ― -b3- And [said of a place,] It was wide, or ample. (O, K.) ― -b4- See also 1. ― -b5- AnsHq Ald~amoEu The tears were shed. (TA.) An old and worn-out garment, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) that has become thin, (O,) and threadbare; (Ham p. 591;) also used as a prefixed noun, (Mgh, Msb,) so that you say saHoqu vawobK [meaning as above], (Mgh,) and saHoqu burodK [an old and worn-out burod], and saHoqu EimaAmapK [an old and worn-out turban]: (Mgh, Msb:) and one says vawobN saHoqN, [using it as an epithet,] (O, TA,) and ↓ vawobN saHiqN, (Har p. 258, [but for this I have found no other authority, and it may be a mistranscription,]) and ↓ vawobN munosaHiqN likewise signifies an old and worn-out garment: (TA:) saHoqN applied to a garment is an inf. n. used as a subst.: (O, TA:) the pl. is suHuwqN. (TA.) Hence one says saHoqu dirohamK, meaning (tropical:) A [bad] dirhem [or] such as is termed zaAy^ifN. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also A pastor's bag (kinofN): so in a verse cited voce xuf~N. (S in art. xf.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) Thin clouds: (K:) likened to an old and worn-out garment. (TA.) ― -b4- And The mark, or scar, of a gall, or sore, on the back of a camel, when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white: (TA:) [like saloqN and salaqN.] : see the next preceding paragraph. [ Baldness: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (Freytag, from IDrd.)] Tall; applied to a palm-tree; (S, Msb, K;) as also suyoHuwqN; (S;) and to a he-ass and to a she-ass; (S, K) and by some, metaphorically, to a woman; (TA;) and ↓ sawoHaqN signifies the same, (K,) applied to a man; (TA;) and Alr~ijolayoni ↓ sawoHaqu long in respect of the legs: (IB:) or saHuwqN applied to a palm-tree signifies tall so that its fruit is far above the gatherer; As says, I know not whether that be with a bending: or, accord. to Sh, so applied, smooth and tall, having no stumps of the branches remaining [upon the trunk]; and to such the neck of a horse is likened by a poet: and applied to a he-ass and to a she-ass, tall, and advanced in age: (TA:) pl. suHuqN, (S, O, Msb,) like rusulN, (Msb,) or suHoqN. (So in the K.) One says also jan~apN suHuqN, meaning A garden of tall palm-trees. (TA.) Bruised, brayed, or pounded: (Mgh:) [&c.: (see 1, first sentence:)] i. q. ↓ masoHuwqN: (O:) applied to musk; (Mgh, O;) and to saffron. (Mgh in art. wrs.) ― -b2- and Distant; remote; (S, Msb, K;) applied to a thing, (S,) or to a place; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ A^asoHaqu; (IB, TA;) and ↓ saAHiqN in the same sense, applied to a place, is allowed in poetry. (TA.) One says, A_in~ahu labaEiydN saHiyqN [app. meaning Verily he, or it, is very distant or remote]. (TA.) A great rain that sweeps away that along which it passes: (K:) or, accord. to As, saHiyfapN, with f, has this meaning; and the former word signifies a vehement rain, consisting of large drops, (TA in the present art.,) but of little width: pls.saHaAy^iqu and saHaAy^ifu. (TA in art. sHf.) [Fricatrix; quæ confrictu libidinem alterius explet: (Golius, from Meyd:)] an epithet of evil import, applied to a woman: (O, K:) pl. saH~aAqaAtN: of such it is said that they are cursed by God. (Mgh.) : see saHiyqN. ― -b2- You say also suHoqN saAHiqN, meaning Great distance or remoteness. (TA.) : see saHuwqN, in two places. : see saHiyqN. ― -b2- [Also Bald: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (Freytag, from IDrd.)] An instrument with which one bruises, brays, or pounds: &c.: (yusoHaqu bihi:) [see 1, first sentence.] (TA.) : see saHiyqN. : see saHoqN. ― -b2- Also Wide, or ample. (TA.) ― -b3- damoEN munosaHiqN Tears pouring forth; syn. munodafiqN: (Lth, Az, TA:) in the K, munodafiEN: (TA:) pl. masaAHiyqu, which is extr.; (K;) like makaAsiyru, pl. of munokasirN. (TA.) sHl , aor , (K,) inf. n. saHolN, (S, TA,) He pared it; peeled it; or stripped off, scraped off, rubbed off, abraded, or otherwise removed, its outer covering or integument, or superficial part: or he pared, peeled, or stripped, it off: (S, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (S:) and he filed it. (TA.) It is said in a trad., fajaEalato tasoHaluhaA lahu, i. e. And she betook herself to paring off from it the flesh that was upon it for him: or, as some relate it, tasoHaAhaA, which means the same. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Alr~iyaAHu tasoHalu AlA^aroDa (tropical:) The winds strip off what is upon the earth, (K, TA,) or the surface of the earth. (TA: and the like is said in the S.) ― -b3- And saHalahu miAy^apa sawoTK, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He struck him a hundred lashes, or strokes of a whip, (S, K, TA,) and pared off his skin, (TA,) or as though he pared off his skin. (S.) ― -b4- And saHala fulaAnN (assumed tropical:) Such a one reviled [another], and blamed [him: like as you say, qa$ara biAll~isaAni]. (K. [See misoHalN as meaning “ a tongue. ”]) One says, wajada Aln~aAsa yasoHaluwnahu (assumed tropical:) He found the people reviling him, (K, TA,) and blaming him, and speaking evil of him behind his back, or in his absence, or otherwise. (TA.) ― -b5- saHalotu Al$~aYo'a i. q. saHaqotuhu [I bruised, brayed, or pounded, the thing: or pulverized it: &c.]. (S.) ― -b6- saHala Alv~iyaAba He washed the clothes, [beating them in doing so,] and removed [or rubbed off] from them the soils. (TA.) ― -b7- saHalotu Ald~araAhima I made the pieces of money smooth. (S.) Accord. to ISk, I poured out, or forth, the pieces of money; as though I rubbed them, one against another. (S.) [Or] saHala Ald~araAhima, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) i. q. AinotaqadahaA [which signifies He picked the pieces of money, separating the good from the bad; or examined them to do so: and also he received the pieces of money]. (K.) And saHalotuhu miAy^apa dirohamK I paid him a hundred dirhems in ready money. (S.) [Or] saHala Algariyma miAy^apa dirohamK He paid the creditor a hundred dirhems in ready money. (K.) -A2- saHala Alv~awoba, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He wove the garment, or piece of cloth, of spun thread not formed of two twists: (K:) or he wove it without having twisted its warp [i. e. without having made its warp to consist of threads of two twists]. (TA.) ― -b2- And saHalotu AlHabola I formed the rope of a single twist; (S, TA;) and accord. to some, one says also ↓ A^asoHalotuhu, but the former is the chaste expression. (TA.) [Hence,] suHilato mariyrapu fulaAnK is said of one whose strength has become weakened; meaning (tropical:) His well-twisted rope, or rope of two twists, has become a rope of a single twist. (TA.) ― -b3- saHala AlqiraA='apa, inf. n. saHolN, He performed the reading, or recitation, in consecutive portions, continuously: and some relate it with j [i. e. sajala]: saHolN is syn. with sarodN, signifying the making [a thing] to be consecutive in its parts, or portions. (TA.) ― -b4- baAtati Als~amaA='u tasoHalu layolatahaA (tropical:) The sky continued pouring forth water that night: (As, S, TA:) inf. n. as above. (TA.) ― -b5- And saHalati AlEayonu, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. saHolN and suHuwlN, (tropical:) The eye wept; (K;) poured forth tears. (TA.) -A3- saHala, aor. (S, K) and , (K,) inf. n. saHiylN and suHaAlN, (S, * K, [the latter inf. n. erroneously written in the CK siHAl,]) He (an ass) made a rolling sound in his chest; whence the ass of the desert is called ↓ misoHalN: (S: [see also saHiylN below:]) he (a mule, K, and an ass, TA) brayed. (K, TA.) , (S, K,) inf. n. musaAHalapN, (TA,) (tropical:) They took, (S,) or came, (K,) to the saAHil [or shore, &c., of the sea]. (S, K, TA.) Hence, in a trad. respecting Bedr, fasaAHala biA@loEiyri And he brought the caravan to the saAHil of the sea. (TA.) -A2- huwa yusaAHiluhu, inf. n. saHaAlN and musaAHalapN, He contends, disputes, or litigates, with him. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) He found the people reviling such a one, (K, TA,) and blaming him, and speaking evil of him behind his back, or in his absence, or otherwise. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. It became pared, or peeled; or had its outer covering or integument, or its superficial part, stripped off, scraped off, rubbed off, abraded, or otherwise removed: or it became pared, peeled, or stripped, off. (K.) It is said, in this sense, of the surface of the earth [as meaning (assumed tropical:) It was stripped of what was upon it by the wind: see 1, third sentence]. (TA.) ― -b2- AnsHlt Ald~araAhimu The pieces of money became smooth. (S.) -A2- It poured out, or forth; or became poured out, or forth. (TA.) ― -b2- AnsHlt Aln~aAqapu (assumed tropical:) The she-camel was, or became, quick, or swift, in her going, or pace. (As, TA.) ― -b3- AnsHl biAlkalaAmi (tropical:) He (an orator, S, TA) ran on with speck: (S, K, TA:) or was fluent, and diffuse, or without pause, or hesitation, therein. (TA.) A white garment or piece of cloth: (Msb:) or a white, thin garment or piece of cloth: (TA:) or a white garment or piece o cloth, of cotton, (S, K,) of those of El-Yemen: (S:) pl [of mult.] suHuwlN and suHulN (S, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] A^asoHaAlN. (K. [See also viyaAbN saHuwliy~apN, below.]) ― -b2- And A garment, or piece of cloth, of which the spun thread is not composed of two twists; as also ↓ saHiylN: (K:) or, as some say, the latter is not applied to a garment, or piece of cloth; but to thread, in a sense expl. below: (TA:) or, accord. to Aboo-Nasr, it (the latter) is applied also to a garment, or piece of cloth, of which the spun thread is a single yarn: the muboram is that of which the spun thread is twisted of two yarns: and the mitoA=m is that of which the warp and the woof are each of two yarns. (S, TA.) ― -b3- Also, (K,) or ↓ saHiylN, (S,) or both, (TA,) A rope that is of a single strand; (K, TA;) or the latter, a rope that is twisted of one twist, like as the tailor twists his thread: the muboram is that which is composed of two twists twisted together into one: (Aboo-Nasr, S, TA:) such a rope is also termed ↓ masoHuwlN; but not ↓ musoHalN, for the sake of [analogy to] muboramN; (S, TA;) or the latter epithet is sometimes applied to it: (S, TA: [see also misoHalN:]) ↓ saHiylN likewise signifies thread not twisted; (Aboo-Nasr, S, TA;) or spun thread not composed of two twists. (TA.) -A2- Also Ready money: (S, TA:) an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly so termed]. (TA.) : see saHiylN. : see misoHalN. One who beats and washes and whitens clothes: hence, accord. to some, viyaAbN saHuwily~apN [q. v.]. (TA.) : see saHolN, in three places. -A2- Also, and ↓ suHaAlN, [both mentioned above as inf. ns., (see 1, last sentence,)] The rolling sound in the chest of the ass: (S, K:) or the former, [and probably the latter also,] the most vehement braying of the wild ass. (TA.) Filings of gold and of silver (S, K) and the like, (S,) or of anything. (TA.) ― -b2- The husks of wheat and of barley and the like (K, TA) when stripped off therefrom, and so of other grains, as rice and [the species of millet called] duxon: accord. to Az, the particles that fall off of rice and of millet (*urap) in the process of bruising, or braying, or pounding, like bran. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence,] (tropical:) The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of a people or party of men. (IaAr, K, TA.) Certain garments, or pieces of cloth, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) of cotton, (S, TA,) white, (Mgh, TA,) so called in relation to saHuwlN, (S, Mgh, Msb,) a place, (S, K,) or town, (Mgh, Msb,) of El-Yemen, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) where they are woven, (K,) or whence they are brought: (Msb:) some say suHuwliy~apN, with damm; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) so say Az and El-Kutabee; (Mgh;) a rel. n. from suHuwlN, pl. of saHolN, (Mgh, Msb, * TA,) meaning “ a white garment or piece of cloth (Mgh, TA) of cotton; ” (TA;) but this is [said to be] a mistake; (Msb;) or it is allowable because fuEuwlN sometimes occurs as the measure of a sing., to which this pl. is likened; as is said in the O: (TA:) or the former appellation is applied, as some say, to garments, or pieces of cloth, beaten and washed and whitened; so called in relation to saHuwlN meaning “ one who beats and washes and whitens clothes. ” (TA.) (tropical:) A shore of a sea or great river (S, Msb, K, TA) [and] of a river (nahor) like jud~N; (Mgh in art. jd;) [generally, a sea-shore, seacoast, or seaboard;] and a tract of cultivated land, with towns or villages, adjacent to a sea or great river: (K:) a reversed word, (IDrd, S, K,) by rule masoHuwlN, (IDrd, K,) of the measure faAEilN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN, (TA,) because the water abrades it, (IDrd, S, K, TA,) or comes upon it: (TA:) or [it is a possessive epithet, like laAbinN and taAmirN,] meaning having abrading water (*uw saAHilK mina AlmaA='i) when the tide flows and ebbs and so sweeps away what is upon it. (K.) And The side (siyf) of a valley. (K. in art. syf.) Pl. sawaAHilu. (Msb.) A kind of trees, (AHn, S, K,) resembling the [species of tamarisk called] A^avol, and growing in the places where the [trees called] A^araAk grow, in plain, or soft, tracts: (AHn, TA:) its twigs are used for cleaning the teeth: (AHn, K * TA:) and Imra-el-Keys likens the fingers of a woman to tooth-sticks (masaAwiyk) thereof. (S, TA. [See EM p. 30.]) It is [said to be] a word that has no parallel in form except A_i*oxirN and A_ijoridN and A_ibolimN and A_ivomidN. (TA.) [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Water-courses, or places in which water flows. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) : see saHolN. An implement for cutting, hewing, or paring, (Lth, K, TA,) of wood. (Lth, TA.) ― -b2- A file. (S, K.) ― -b3- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) The tongue, in an absolute sense: (K, TA:) [see miboradN: or as being an instrument of reviling,] from saHala “ he reviled. ” (TA.) J explains AlmisoHalu as meaning All~isaAnu AlxaTiybu, (K, TA,) and MF defends this as meaning The tongue that speaks well: (TA:) [and it is said in the Ham p. 683 to signify All~isaAnu Al~a*iY laA yataA^at~aY lilokalaAmi, app. meaning the tongue that does not prepare itself for speech; i. e, the ready tongue:] but [F says that] the right reading is All~isaAnu waAlxaTiybu (K) [i. e.] ― -b4- misoHalN also signifies i. q. xaTiybN (assumed tropical:) [A speaker, an orator, or a preacher; or a good speaker &c.]: and and eloquent xaTiyb; (K, TA;) one who scarcely, or never, stops short in his speech; excelling such as is termed miSoqaEN. (TA.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) One who is skilled in the reading, or reciting, of the Kur-án: (K:) from saHolN meaning the “ making ” [a thing] “ to be consecutive in its parts, or portions; ” and the “ pouring forth ” [water &c.]. (TA.) ― -b6- A copious rain: (K:) from saHolN meaning the act of “ pouring forth. ” (TA.) ― -b7- A water-spout (miyzaAb) of which the water is not to be withstood [so I render laA yuTaAqu maAw^uhu, app. meaning, that pours forth its water with such violence that no obstruction will resist it]. (O, K.) ― -b8- The mouth of a mazaAdap [or leathern water-bag]. (O, K.) ― -b9- A brisk, lively, sprightly, or active, waterer, or cup-bearer. (O, K.) ― -b10- Extreme (nihaAyapN) in bounty, or munificence. (O, K.) ― -b11- A courageous man, who acts, (yaEomalu, so in the M and K, TA,) or charges, or makes an assault or attack, (yaHomilu, so in the O, TA,) alone, or by himself. (M, O, K.) ― -b12- The flogger who inflicts the castigations appointed by the law (O, K) before, or in the presence of, the Sultán. (O.) -A2- I. q. lijaAmN [as meaning The bridle, or headstall and reins with the bit and other appertenances]; as also ↓ siHaAlN; (K;) like as you say minoTaqN and niTaAqN, and miy^ozarN and A_izaArN: (TA:) or its faA^os; (K;) which is the piece of iron that stands up in the mouth [from the middle of the bit-mouth]; as IDrd says in the “ Book of the Saddle and Bridle: ” (TA:) and two rings, (K, TA,) one of which is inserted into the other, (TA,) at the two extremities of the $akiym of the bridle, (K, TA,) which is [generally applied to the bit-mouth, but is here said by SM to be] the piece of iron that is beneath the lower lip: or, accord. to IDrd, the misoHal of the bridle is a piece of iron which is beneath the lower jaw; and the faA^os is the piece of iron that stands up in the $akiymap; and the $akiymap is the piece of iron that lies crosswise in the mouth: and the pl. is masaAHilu: (TA:) or the misoHalaAni are two rings at the two extremities of the $akiym [or bit-mouth] of the bridle, one of which is inserted into the other [so that they occupy the place of our curb-chain]: (S:) they are [also said to be] the xad~aAni [lit. two cheeks] of the bridle: (TA:) the misoHal is beneath the part in which is the bridle, and upon it flow the foam and blood of the horse. (Az, TA voce qayoqabN. [See also lijaAmN and faA^osN.]) One says of a horse when exerting himself, and being quick, in his going, and thrusting forward therein his head, rakiba misoHalahu [He bore upon his bridle, &c.]. (O, TA.) And hence, (TA,) this phrase means [also] (assumed tropical:) He (a man, TA) followed his error, not desisting from it: (K, TA:) misoHalN signifying (assumed tropical:) error: (K:) and [in like manner] TaEana fiY misoHali DalaAlatihi means (assumed tropical:) He hastened, and strove in his error. (TA.) Also, the former of these two phrases, (assumed tropical:) He resolved, or determined, upon the [or his] affair, and strove, or exerted himself therein: (O, TA:) [for] misoHalN signifies also (assumed tropical:) decisive resolution or determination. (O, K, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He went on with energy in his discourse, sermon, speech, oration, or harangue: (S, TA:) and so in his poetry. (A, TA.) ― -b2- Also, [from the same word as meaning the “ bridle, ” or “ headstall &c., ”] (tropical:) The side of the beard: [like as it is called Ei*aAr because it is in the place corresponding to that of the Ei*aAr of a horse or the like: (jAnibi in the CK is a mistake for jaAnibu:)] or the lower part of each Ei*aAr [or side of the beard], to the fore part of the beard; both together being called misoHalaAni: (K, TA: [Aasofala in the CK is a mistake for A^asofalu:]) or the place of the Ei*aAr: (Az, TA:) or the temple; misoHalaAni meaning the two temples: (TA:) and (K) the EaAriD [or side of the cheek] of a man. (Ibn- 'Abbád, O, K.) One says, $aAba misoHaluhu, meaning (tropical:) The side of his beard became white, or hoary. (TA.) -A3- A clean (O, K, TA) thin (TA) garment, or piece of cloth, of cotton. (O, K, TA. [See also saHolN.]) ― -b2- A rope, (K,) or string, or thread, (M, TA,) that is twisted alone: (K:) if with another, [i. e. with another strand,] it is termed muboramN, and mugaArN. (TA. [See, again, saHolN.]) ― -b3- A sieve. (O, K.) -A4- The wild ass: (S, TA:) [because of his braying:] see 1, last sentence: an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) ― -b2- A brisk, lively, sprightly, or active, ass. (O.) ― -b3- A low, vile, mean, or sordid, man. (O, TA.) ― -b4- A devil. (O, TA.) ― -b5- The name of The taAbiEap (S, O) or [familiar] jinnee or genie (K) of [the poet] El-Aashà. (S, O, K. [In the K it is implied that it is with the article Al: but accord. to the S and O and TA, it is without Al.]) A ball of spun thread. (AA, TA.) [Pared, peeled, &c.: see 1. ― -b2- And hence, because abraded by the feet of men and beasts,] A road. (TA in art. rfg.) ― -b3- And An even, wide place. (O, K.) -A2- See also saHolN. -A3- As an epithet applied to a man, Small and contemptible. (O, K.) ― -b2- And the name of A camel belonging to [the poet] El-' Ajjáj. (O, K.) sHm , aor. , inf. n. saHamN; and saHuma; He, or it, was, or became, black. (Msb.) They blackened his face; syn. Hay~ayuwhu; as also sax~amuwhu. (A, TA.) The sky poured forth its water: (K:) mentioned as on the authority of IAar: but it has been mentioned before, on his authority, as with j. (TA.) : see suHomapN. -A2- A sort of tree; (S, K;) like ↓ saHomaA='u: (S:) the latter also signifies a sort of tree: (K:) the former is said by ISk to be a certain plant: and by AHn, to be a plant that grows like the naSiY~ and Sil~iyaAn and Eanokav, except that it is taller; the saHamap [i. e. the single plant of this species] being sometimes as tall as a man, and larger. (TA.) -A3- Also Iron: (IAar, K:) n. un. with p; meaning a lump, or piece, of iron. (IAar, TA.) [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] The blacksmith's hammers. (IAar, K.) Blackness; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ saHamN, [mentioned above as inf. n. of saHima,] and ↓ suHaAmN; (K;) like [suxomapN and] saxamN: (TA in art. sxm:) a blackness like the colour of the crow to which the epithet ↓ A^asoHamu is applied. (Lth, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see the next following paragraph. Black; (S, Msb, K;) like A^asoxamu; (TA in art. sxm;) applied to the crow; see suHomapN: (Lth, TA:) fem. saHomaA='u; (Msb, TA;) applied to a plant of that colour; (ISk, TA;) and particularly to the naSiY~ when it is of that colour, and thus applied as an intensive epithet; and to a woman in the same sense: (TA:) and ↓ A_isoHimaAnN signifies anything black (ISd, K) accord. to some; but this is a mistake, for it is only A^asoHamu. (ISd, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] AlA^asoHamu is the name of A certain idol, (K, TA,) which was black. (TA.) ― -b3- And The night. (TA.) ― -b4- [Hence likewise,] A^asoHamu signifies also Clouds (saHaAbN): (S, K:) or, as some say, black clouds: and saHomaA='u signifies a black cloud. (TA.) ― -b5- Also Blood into which are dipped the hands of persons swearing, one to another; (K;) or blood into which the hand is dipped on the occasion of swearing with another or others: said to have this meaning in the saying of El-Aashà, raDiyEaYo libaAni vadoYi A^um~K taHaAlafaA biA^asoHama daAjK EawoDu laA tatafar~aqu [Two foster-brothers by the sucking of the breast of one mother swore together, by dark blood into which they dipped their hands, that you, or they, i. e. a tribe (qabiylap) or a company of men (jamaAEap), for, without the context, the meaning is doubtful, should not ever become separated]: or it has here one, or another, of three meanings here following. (S.) ― -b6- The womb. (S.) ― -b7- The nipple of a woman's breast: (K:) or the blackness of the nipple of a woman's breast. (S.) ― -b8- A skin such as is termed ziq~ for wine: (S, K:) because of its blackness: and ↓ suHayomN also signifies a ziq~ (TA.) ― -b9- Also A horn: (S, K:) thus in the saying of Zuheyr, wata*abiybuhaA Eanohu biA^asoHama mi*owadi [And the frequent repelling of her, or them, from him with a horn; so that m*wd is merely an explicative adjunct, for it also means a horn, or it may be rendered here an instrument for repel-ling]: (S, * TA:) or [AsHm is here an epithet, and] the meaning is, with a black horn. (TA.) Another poet uses the phrase ta*ub~u bisaHomaAwayoni. [so in the TA, app. a mistranscription for ta*ub~u,] i. e., [reading ta*ub~u, She repels] with a pair of horns; using the fem, as meaning biSiySyatayoni; as though he said biSiySiytayoni saHomaAwayoni [with two black horns]. (IAar, TA.) ― -b10- The fem., Als~aHomaA='u also signifies The dubur [here meaning anus]: (K:) because of its colour. (TA.) ― -b11- For another signification of the fem., see saHamN. Of the colour termed A^udomapN [here app. meaning tawniness] in an intense degree. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A sort of tree. (M, K.) A poet uses the phrase AlA^usoHumaAnu AlA^asoHamu [The black, or dark, AsHmAn]. (M, TA.) : see A^asoHamu, first sentence. sHn , (S, L, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. saHonN, (L,) He broke a stone. (S, L, K.) And He crushed, bruised, brayed, or pounded, a thing. (L.) ― -b2- Also He rubbed [in the CK *`lika is erroneously put for dalaka] a piece of wood so as to make it smooth, (L, K,) with an instrument called misoHan, without taking anything from it. (L.) : see 5. ― -b2- The inf. n. musaAHanapN signifies also The meeting [another] face to face. (L, K.) ― -b3- And you say, saAHanotuka, (L,) inf. n. musaAHanapN, (S, L, K,) I mixed with thee in familiar, or social, intercourse: (L:) and did so in a good manner. (S, L, K.) And saAHanahu Al$~aYo'a He joined, or took part, with him in the thing. (L.) He looked at the saHonaA=' [or aspect &c.] of the mAl [i. e. cattle, or other property]; as also ↓ sAHnhu. (L, K.) You say, tasaH~anotu AlmaAla faraA^ayotu saHonaA='ahu HasanapF [I looked at the aspect of the cattle, or other property, and saw the aspect thereof to be goodly]. (S, L.) A numerous congregation: so in the phrase yawomu saHonK [A day of a numerous congregation]. (K.) Quarter, shelter, or protection; syn. kanafN: so in the saying, huwa fiY siHonihi [He is in his quarter or shelter or protection]. (K.) and ↓ saHanapN, (L, K,) or the latter, and, as sometimes pronounced, saHonapN, (S,) and ↓ saHonaA='u and ↓ saHanaA='u, (S, L, K,) pronounced saHanaA='u by Fr, the only person heard by A'Obeyd to pronounce it thus, and said by Ibn-Keysán to be thus pronounced because of the faucial letter, (S, L,) but ↓ saHonaA='u is better, (L,) Aspect, appearance, or external state or condition: (S, L, K:) and simply state, or condition: (L:) and colour: and softness, or smoothness, of the external skin: and i. q. naEomapN [as meaning softness, or delicateness: in the CK. Aln~iEomapu is erroneously put for Aln~aEomapu]. (L, K.) You say, A_in~ahu laHasanu Als~aHonapi (L) and ↓ Als~aHonaA='i (S, L) [Verily he is goodly in aspect, &c.]: and ↓ h`w^ulaA='i qawomN HasanN saHanatuhumo [These are a people, or party, whose aspect, &c., is goodly]. (S, L.) And saHonapN is also expl. as signifying The beauty of the hair, and of the complexion, and of the external skin, of a man. (L.) And it occurs in a trad. as meaning The external skin of the face; and is sometimes pronounced ↓ siHonapN, and is also called the ↓ saHonaA='. (L.) : see what next precedes. : see saHonapN, in two places. and saHanaA='u: see saHonapN; the former in four places. A horse goodly in condition; as in the saying, jaA='a Alfarasu musoHinFA [The horse came goodly in condition]: fem, with p: (L, K:) you say farasN musoHinapN, (L,) or ↓ musaH~anapN, (S, [so in my copies,]) a mare goodly in condition and in aspect, (L,) or goodly in aspect. (S.) An instrument with which wood is rubbed so as to make it smooth without taking anything from it. (L.) A thing with which stones are broken. (S, L, K.) I. q. SalaA='apN [i. e. A stone such as fills the hand: or a stone with which, or on which, one brays, or powders, perfumes or other things]. (L, K. [In the CK, AlS~alAbapu is erroneously put for AlS~alaA='apu or its var. AlS~alaAyapu.]) A thing with which gold is rubbed so that it becomes smooth and glistening. (Skr pp. 154 and 155.) And its pl. masaAHinu is said to signify Stones with which are crushed, or brayed, the stones of [i. e. containing] silver. (Skr, L.) And Mill-stones with which one grinds. (Skr.) And Thin stones with which iron is made thin, (L, * K, [in the former of which yhb~Y is erroneously put for yumohaY,]) like [as is done with] the misan~. (L.) And Stones of [i. e. containing] gold and silver: (Skr, K:) so says Ibn-Habeeb. (Skr.) : see musoHinN. sHw and sHY , (K,) first pers. saHawotu (S, Msb) and saHayotu, (S,) aor. yasoHuw, (S, Msb, K,) and yasoHaY, and yasoHiY, (S, K,) inf. n. saHowN (Msb, TA) and saHoYN, (K, TA,) He scraped off, (S, K,) or cleared away, (Msb, K,) [the clay, soil, or mud,] Eano wajohi AlA^aroDi [from the surface of the earth], (S, Msb,) with the misoHaAp [q. v.]. (Msb.) ― -b2- saHaA Aljamora He cleared, or swept, away the live, or burning, coals: (K:) ISd says, I think that Lh has mentioned this; but the verb well known in this sense is with x (TA. [See saxaA.]) ― -b3- saHaA Al$~aHoma Eani AlA_ihaAbi, inf. n. saHowN, He scraped, or pared, off the fat from the skin, or hide. (TA.) It is said in a trad., as some relate it, fajaEalatN tasoHaAhaA, or, as others relate it, tasoHaluhaA, both meaning the same, i. e. And she betook herself to paring, or stripping, off from it the flesh that was upon it. (TA in art. sHl.) And All~aHoma ↓ AstHY signifies He pared, or stripped, off the flesh. (TA.) ― -b4- saHaA Al$~aEara, (K,) aor. yasoHuw and yasoHiY, inf. n. [app. saHowN and] saHoYN, (TA,) He shaved off the hair; as also ↓ AstHAhu. (K.) ― -b5- saHawotu AlqiroTaAsa, and saHayotuhu, aor. A^asoH~Y, I scraped off, or otherwise removed, the superficial part of the paper. (S.) [And] saHaA mina AlqiroTaAsi He took, a little from the paper. (K, * TA. [See siHaA='apN, second sentence.]) ― -b6- saHaA AlkitaAba, (K,) first pers. saHawotu and saHayotu, (S,) aor. yasoHuw and yasoHiY, (TA,) He bound the writing (S, K) with a siHaA='ap (K) or with the siHaA=' [q. v.]; (S;) and so ↓ sH~Ahu, (K,) inf. n. tasoHiyapN; (TA;) and ↓ AsHAhu; (K;) as in the M. (TA.) see the next preceding sentence. He (a man S) had many A^asoHiyap [pl. of siHaA='apN, (q. v.,) n. un. of siHaA='N]. (S, K.) -A2- See also 1, last sentence. It was, or became, pared; or pared off. (TA.) see 1, in two places. : see the next paragraph, in two places. The qi$or [or covering, integument, peel, or the like,] of anything: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ saHFA. (S.) See also siHaA='apN. -A2- A certain thorny tree; (K, TA;) the fruit thereof is white: it is a herb in the spring-season, as long as it remains green: when it dries up in the hot season, it is a tree. (TA.) -A3- A bat: (ISh, S, K:) pl. ↓ saHFA; (K;) or [rather] it is the n. un. of saHFA, which is syn. with xuf~aA$N [used as a gen. n.]: (ISh, S:) and ↓ siHaA='N is a dial. var. of saHFA used in this sense, accord. to Az. (TA.) -A4- I. q. saAHapN [i. e. The court, or open area, of a house]: (S, K:) formed from the latter word by transposition: (TA:) one says, laA A^arayan~aka bisaHosaHiY wasaHaAtiY [I will assuredly not see thee in my quarter, or tract, and my court]. (S.) And I. q. naAHiyapN [A side, region, quarter, or tract, &c.]. (K.) : see siHaA='apN, in two places. -A2- Also A certain plant, (S, K,) having thorns, (K,) and having a blossom of a red hue inclining to whiteness, called the bhrnp [app. a mistranscription for bahoramap]: (TA:) the bees feed upon it, (S, K,) and their honey in consequence thereof becomes sweet (S, K *) in the utmost degree. (K.) -A3- See also saHaApN. , of a writing, (S, K, TA, [in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K, written, saHaA'ap,]) and ↓ siHaA='N, (TA,) or [rather] the former is the n. un. of the latter, (S,) A certain thing with which a writing is bound; (S, K, TA;) called in Pers. muhor naAmah, (PS,) or banod naAmah; (Adillet el-Asmà of Meyd, cited by Golius;) and in Turkish naAmah baAgiY; (Mirkát el-Loghah, cited by the same;) [a sealed strip of paper with which a letter, or the like, is bound:] the letter of a kádee to another kádee is perforated for the siHaA='ap, and is then sealed [upon this strip:] (Mgh in art. xzm:) pl. A^asoHiyapN. (S.) [The same seems to be meant by what here follows:] siHaA='apu AlqiroTaAsi, (K, TA,) with ', (TA,) and ↓ siHaAw^uhu, (K, TA,) with w [and.], (TA,) or ↓ saHaAtuhu, (so in the CK,) or this last also, like HaSaAp, is a dial. var. of the first, (TA,) and ↓ siHaAyatuhu, (K, TA, [in the CK written with fet-h to the s, but it is]) like kitaAbap, with Y, (TA,) What is taken from paper; (K;) the small portion [or strip, app.,] that is taken from paper: (TA:) pl. A^asoHiyapN [as above]. (K.) ― -b2- Also, (S, M,) or ↓ siHaAyapN, (K,) A portion (K) of cloud. (S, K.) One says, maA fiY Als~amaA='i siHaA='apN mino saHaAbK [There is not in the sky a portion of cloud]. (S.) ― -b3- Als~iHaA='apu [in the CK Als~aHA'ap] also signifies A^um~u Alr~aA^osi [q. v.], (K, TA,) [app. here meaning The meninx; for SM adds,] in which is the brain; (TA;) as also ↓ Als~iHaAyapu, with kesr [to the s]. (K.) , (K, TA,) [in the CK saHaAyapN, but it is] with kesr, (TA,) Anything that is pared, or peeled, from a thing. (K, TA.) ― -b2- See also siHaA='apN, in three places. -A2- Also The art, or craft, of making the kind of implement called misoHaAp: (K, TA:) in this sense, likewise, with kesr, agreeably with analogy. (TA.) A maker of the kind of implement called misoHaAp. (T, K.) , applied to a [lizard of the species called] Dab~, That feeds upon the plant called siHaA='. (S.) , (S, K,) [from saAHK,] the p denoting intensiveness, (TA,) A torrent that carries away everything; (K;) that pares and sweeps away everything. (TA.) ― -b2- And A rain that falls with vehemence, (S, K,) paring the surface of the earth. (S.) (with damm, TA) Any integument of skin upon the portions of flesh that are on bones. (Az, K.) , with damm, (S, K,) A man (S) that eats much. (S, K.) ― -b2- And (K) Beautiful, or comely, (K,) so expl. by AO, (TA,) [and] tall, (K,) thus expl. by Fr, likewise applied to a man. (TA.) A shovel, or spade, of iron; (MA, PS;) an implement (S, Msb, K) like the mijorafap, except that it is of iron, (S, Msb,) with which clay, soil, or mud, is cleared away (Msb, K) from the surface of the earth: (Msb:) a misoHaAp [for digging, i. e. a spade,] has a cross piece of wood upon which the digger presses his foot: K, voce EitorN:) and there is a curved kind, [app. a sort of hoe,] such as is called in Pers. kananod: (S:) pl. masaAHK. (S, Msb.) Ru-beh likens the toes, or extremities of the fore parts of the hoofs, of horses, to masaAHK; because with them they pare the ground: so in the T: or, accord. to the M, he likens thereto the hoofs of asses. (TA.) ― -b2- misoHaApu Aln~aAri means [The fire-shovel;] a thing with which the fire is stirred. (TA voce miHoraAvo.) sxb [inf. n. of saxiba] i. q. SaxabN [inf. n. of Saxiba], (A, K,) signifying The raising a loud cry, or a clamour: (TA:) or it [is used as a subst., and] signifies a confusion of sounds. (Mgh, MF, TA.) The substitution of s for S is allowable in every word containing x: [for instance,] in a trad. [cited voce xa$abN, q. v., as some relate it], the hypocrites are described as xu$ubN biAll~ayoli suxubN biAln~ahaAri. (TA.) A necklace (qilaAdap) made of [the composition termed] suk~ and of other things, without any jewels: (S:) or a qilaAdap of cloves and suk~ and maHolab [q. v.], without jewels, (A, K, TA,) and without pearls: and likewise, of gold: and of silver: or, accord. to Az, it is, with the Arabs, any qilaAdap, whether with jewels or without: accord. to IAth, a string on which are strung beads, worn by boys and by girls: (TA:) it is thus called because of the sound of its beads when in motion: (MF, TA:) pl. suxubN. (S, K.) [Hence] one says, wajadotuka waAriva Als~ixaAbi [I have found thee to be the inheritor of the sxAb], meaning, (tropical:) like the boy that has no knowledge. (A, TA.) sxbr A certain kind of trees, (S, K,) the heads of which, when it grows tall, bend and hang down; [a coll. gen. n.;] n. un. with p: (TA:) it resembles the A_i*oxir; (K;) or it is like the vumaAm [or panic grass], and has a [root such as is termed] jurovuwmap; its branches, or twigs, are, in abundance, like the krAv [app. karaAv, a certain large tree, growing on the mountains]; and its fruits resemble brooms of reeds, or are more slender: (AHn:) serpents make their abodes at its roots. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr, that he said to Mo'áwiyeh, laA tuToriqo A_iToraAqa AlA^ufoEuwaAni fiY A^uSuwli Als~axobari [Do not thou look down upon the ground like as does the male viper at the roots of the sakhbar]; meaning (assumed tropical:) do not thou affect heedlessness of the state in which we are, or of the affair in which we are engaged. (TA.) One says also, rakiba fulaAnN Als~axobara, meaning, (assumed tropical:) Such a one acted perfidiously, treacherously, or unfaithfully. (S.) And a poet says, waAlgadoru yanobutu fiY A^uSuwli Als~axobari (assumed tropical:) [And perfidy grows at the roots of the sakhbar]: (S:) [because the viper lives there: or] the poet means, that the people of whom he speaks dwelt in places where the sakhbar grew; and they are thought to have been of the tribe of Hudheyl: IB says that he likens the perfidious to this tree because, when it is full-grown, its head hangs down, not remaining erect; and that he means, ye do not remain faithful, like as this tree does not remain in one state. (TA.) sxt , (S, K,) originally Pers., (TA,) Vehement, or intense; (S, K;) as also ↓ saxiytN (K) and ↓ sixotiytN. (S, K.) One says, h`*aA Har~N saxotN, (Lh, S,) or saxotN laxotN, (TA,) This is vehement, or intense, heat; a phrase well known in the language of the Arabs, who use certain Pers., or foreign, words, as, for instance, balaAs for misoH. (Lh, S, TA. [See also saHotN.]) And HalifN ↓ sixotiytN Vehement swearing. (S.) And ka*ibN ↓ sixotiytN A vehement lie: and a pure, or an unmixed, lie. (TA.) ― -b2- Also, from the Pers., Anything hard and thin or fine. (TA.) : see the preceding paragraph: ― -b2- and that here following. : see the first paragraph, in three places. ― -b2- Also Dust rising very high: (S, K:) and ↓ saxiytN likewise signifies [the same, or] dust rising high; (TA in art. $xt;) as also $ixotiytN and $axiytN and $ix~iytN; (K in that art.;) said to be arabicized words from the Pers. saxoto: (TA in that art.:) and the first (sxtyt [and app. the others also]), fine dust. (TA in the present art.) And Anything fine; as, for instance, flour, or meal. (AA, TA.) Fine sawiyq [or meal of parched barley, &c.]: (As, TA:) or swyq that is not moistened with any seasoning, or savoury admixture: (S:) or swyq having little grease or gravy [mixed with it]; as also siHotiytN and suHotuwtN. (K and TA in the present art. and in art. sHt.) And Fine Huw~aAraY [or white flour]. (As, K.) and saxotyAn (K, TA) and accord. to some suxotyAn; the second of which is asserted by the expositors of Bkh to be the most common and most chaste; but Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee], in the “ Sharh esh-Shifà, ” mentions only the form with kesr to the s and fet-h and kesr to the t; and Ibn-Et-Tilimsánee mentions only the form with damm to the s and fet-h and kesr to the t, adding that it is also written with j; MF, however, deems what this last says to be very strange, and more especially with respect to the word's being written with j, which he affirms to be unknown; (TA;) [Morocco-leather; so in the present day;] tanned goat's skin; an arabicized word, (K,) from the Pers.: expl. by IAth as jujube-coloured [or dark dull red] skins (juluwdN Eun~aAbiy~apN); not [such as from their red colour are termed] A^udomN. (TA.) A preparer and seller of sixotiyaAn. (K, * TA.) sxd [The matter contained in the secundines;] a yellow, thick water [or fluid], that comes forth with the fœtus; (S, M, K;) as also suxotN: (M, TA:) hence, in a trad., the appearance upon the face produced by excitement from remaining awake during the night is termed, by way of comparison, suxod upon the face: (S, * L:) or blood and water in the membrane that envelops the fœtus of a beast: or what comes forth with the membrane that envelops the fœtus: said to be peculiar to the human species: or common to the human species and beasts: (L:) or the water [or fluid] in that membrane; as also suxotN and nuxoTN and faqo'N: (IAar, TA in art. fqA^:) or [the placenta; i. e.] a thing like the liver, or like the spleen, compact, which is in the membrane that envelops the fœtus of a beast: sometimes children play with it: or that membrane itself: and i. q. rahalN [which is expl. as meaning yellow water in the suxodK, and it is also the inf. n. of rahila, q. v.]: and SuxodN is a dial. var. thereof in all its senses, those above mentioned and those following. (L.) ― -b2- Also The urine of a camel's fœtus (faSiyl) in its mother's belly. (L.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) Yellowness in the face [as in the trad. above mentioned]. (L.) (assumed tropical:) Having the stomach in a heaving state, agitated by a tendency to vomit, or disordered; (K;) yellow, (S, K,) heavy, (S,) and swollen, (S, K,) by disease or by some other cause. (TA.) sxr , (Fr, Akh, S, A, Msb, K,) and bihi, (AZ, Akh, S, Msb, K,) like as one says DaHika minohu and bihi, and haziy^a minohu and bihi, (Akh, S,) but the former is the more chaste, (En-Näwawee, TA,) and is that which occurs in the Kur ix. 80, and xi. 40, [&c.,] (TA,) and J says that the latter is the worse of the two, (S,) and Fr disallows it absolutely, (TA,) aor. , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. saxarN (S, Msb, K) and saxorN (K) and suxorN and suxurN (S, K) and suxorapN (K) and masoxarN, (S, K,) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, him; (S, * A, Msb, K, &c.;) as also ↓ Astsxr: (A, * K:) and ↓ yasotasoxiruwna, in the Kur xxxvii. 14, signifies, accord. to Ibn-Er-Rummánee, they invite one another to mock, scoff, deride, or ridicule. (TA.) ― -b2- It is said in a trad., A^atasoxaru min~iY waA^anaA Almaliku Dost thou mock at me, or deride me, when I am the king? or, as some say, it is tropical, and means, (tropical:) dost thou put me in a place which I do not regard as my right? so that it seems to denote a species of mockery. (TA.) ― -b3- And in another trad. it is said, A^anaA A^uquwlu ka*aA walaA A^asoxaru (tropical:) [I say so, and I do not jest]; meaning I say not aught but the truth. (A, * TA.) ― -b4- The words (of the Kur [xi. 40] TA) A_ino tasoxaruwA min~aA faA_in~aA nasoxaru minokumo kamaA tasoxaruwna are said to signify If ye deem us ignorant, we also deem you ignorant like as ye deem us ignorant. (K.) -A2- saxarahu: see 2. ― -b2- saxarati Als~afiynapu, aor. , (tropical:) The ship had a good wind and voyage; (K;) [as though it made the wind subservient, or submissive, to it; (see 2;)] it obeyed, and ran its course. (TA.) , inf. n. tasoxiyrN, He constrained him, or compelled him, (JK, S, K,) namely, a servant, or a beast, to do what he [the latter] did not desire, (JK, TA,) or to work, without recompense, or hire, or wages, (S, K,) and without price; (TA;) as also ↓ tsx~rhu: (S, Mgh, * K:) and [in like manner,] ↓ saxarahu, aor. , inf. n. sixoriY~N and suxoriY~N, he constrained him to do what he did not desire; compelled him: (K:) or sx~rhu, he made use of him without compensation, (A, Msb,) fiY AlEamali [in work]. (Msb.) You say, ↓ tasax~arotu daAb~apF lifulaAnK I rode a beast belonging to such a one without recompense. (TA.) ― -b2- He brought him under, or into subjection; rendered him subservient, submissive, tractable, or manageable. (S, K.) You say, sx~r A@ll~`hu AlA_ibila God hath made the camels subservient, or submissive, and manageable. (Msb.) And in the Kur [xiv. 37], it is said, wasax~ara lakumu A@l$~amosa waA@loqamara (assumed tropical:) And He hath made subservient to you, or submissive for you, the sun and the moon [to run their appointed courses]. (TA.) sux~ira lahu [as also lh ↓ tusux~ira] signifies (assumed tropical:) It (anything) was rendered submissive or manageable or practicable, to him, or prepared or disposed for him agreeably with his desire. (TA.) You say also, sx~r A@ll~`hu Als~afiynapa, inf. n. tasoxiyrN, (tropical:) God made the ship to obey and to run its course; to have a good wind and voyage. (TA.) sax~arahaA Ealayohimo, in the Kur lxix. 7, means (assumed tropical:) He sent it upon them by force; namely, the wind: (Jel:) or made it to prevail against them by his power. (Bd.) see 2, in three places. see 1, in two places. One who is mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed; a laughingstock; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ sixoriY~N and suxoriY~N; (Az, A;) which are used as sing., as in the phrase Ait~axa*uwhu suiHoriy~FA they made him a laughingstock; (A;) and as pl., as in humo laka suixoriY~N, and also ↓ suixoriy~apN, the former being masc. and the latter fem., they are to thee laughingstocks; the former occurring in the Kur [see xxiii. 112, and xxxviii. 63, and xliii. 31,] with damm and with kesr accord. to different readings. (Az, TA.) ― -b2- Also One who is constrained, or compelled, to do what he does not desire, or to work, without recompense, or hire, or wages; (JK, S, * Mgh, * Msb, * K, * TA;) applied to a servant, (JK, S, Msb,) and to a beast; (JK, Msb;) as also ↓ suxoriY~N (Msb, K) and sixoriY~N; (K) or the former of these, only, is used in this sense; and the latter, and sometimes the former also, in the sense immediately preceding: (TA:) and suxorapN is also used as a pl., (JK, A,) as in the phrase h`w^ulaA='i suxorapN lils~uloTaAni these are persons made use of without compensation for the Sultán: (JK, * A:) it also signifies one who employs any person, (K, TA,) or beast, (TA,) that he has subjected, or compelled to obey him, without recompense, or hire, or wages: (K, TA:) [or this is a mistake, and the correct signification is] one who is so employed by him who has subjected him. (L.) ― -b3- It is also syn. with tasoxiyrN [inf. n. of 2]. (TA in art. smE.) One who mocks at, scoffs at, laughs at, derides, or ridicules, others, (S, K,) much. (S.) [See also masoxarapN.] and sixoriY~N (T, S, Msb, K) and suixoriy~apN (T, S, K) Mockery; scoff; derision; ridicule. (T, S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- See also suxorapN, in three places. A certain herb, or leguminous plant, (Sgh, K,) in Khurásán; (K;) accord. to AHn, i. q. sayokuraAnN [q. v.]. (TA.) [pl. of safiynapN saAxirapN] (tropical:) Ships obeying, and having a good wind. (S.) [An occasion, or a cause, of mockery, scoffing, derision, or ridicule]: pl. masaAxiru. (A.) You say rub~a masaAxira yaEud~uhaA Aln~aAsu mafaAxira [Many occasions of mockery, &c., men reckon occasions of boasting, or glorying]. (A.) And huwa masoxarapN [He is a cause of mockery, &c.]. (A.) [See also maxosarapN.] ― -b2- Also One who mocks at, scoffs at, laughs at, derides, or ridicules, others. (A.) [See also suxarapN.] Any one that is constrained, or compelled, [brought into subjection, or made subservient or submissive,] and managed, unable to free himself from constraint. (TA.) ― -b2- waA@ln~ujuwmu musax~araAtN biA^amorihi [in the Kur xvi. 12 means And the stars are made subservient, or submissive,] running their courses. (Az, TA.) sxT , aor. , inf. n. saxaTN (S, * Msb, K *) [and masoxaTN, (see suxoTN, below,)] He was, or became, displeased, or discontented; (S, * K, TA;) as also ↓ tsx~T; (K, TA;) syns. kariha and takar~aha [the latter of which, app. referring particularly to ↓ tsx~T, properly and generally signifies, when intrans., he expressed, or showed, dislike, displeasure, disapprobation, discontent, or hatred]: (TA:) he was, or became, angry; (S, Msb, TA;) and ↓ tsx~T signifies the same; or he became angered; syn. tagaD~aba. (TA.) You say, saxiTa Ealayohi [He was, or became, displeased, or discontented, or angry, with him]. (Kur v. 83.) And saxiTahu He was, or became, displeased, or discontented, with him; as also ↓ tsx~Thu; both expl. by lamo yaroDa bihi; (Ham p. 502;) and the latter by takar~ahahu [which signifies as above, like karihahu, and also he expressed, or showed, dislike of it, displeasure with it, disapprobation of it, discontent with it, or hatred of it]; (K, TA;) and lamo yaroDahu; (TA;) as in the saying, ↓ kul~amaA Eamilotu lahu EamalFA tasax~aTahu [Every time that I did for him a deed, he expressed, or showed, dislike of it, &c.]; and in like manner, ↓ A^aEoTaAhu qaliylFA fatasax~aTahu [He gave him little and he expressed, or showed, dislike of it, &c.]: (TA:) and [hence,] EaTaA='ahu ↓ tasax~aTa He deemed his gift little, and it did not stand with him in any stead; expl. by Aisotaqal~ahu walamo yaqaEo minohu mawoqiEFA. (S, K.) You say also, Aall~`hu yasoxaTu lakumo ka*aA, meaning God forbiddeth you such a thing: or will punish you for such a thing: or it may refer to the desire of punishing for it. (TA.) [He displeased, or discontented, him:] he angered him; made him angry. (S, Msb, K.) see 1, in seven places. , (S, Msb, K,) a subst. from saxiTa, (Msb,) Dislike, displeasure, disapprobation, or discontent; (TA;) contr. of riDFY; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ suxuTN (Sgh, K) and ↓ saxaTN (S, K) and ↓ masoxaTN: (Sgh, K:) [the last two of which are inf. ns.:] anger; (Msb;) as also ↓ saxaTN. (TA.) : see suxoTN, in two places. : see suxoTN. [Displeased; discontented:] angry. (S.) : see suxoTN. [A cause, or means, or an occasion, of dislike, displeasure, disapprobation, or discontent: and, of anger: or a cause, &c., of procuring dislike, &c.: pl., app., masaAxiTu and masaAxiTapN. Hence the saying,] Albir~u maroDaApN lilr~ab~i masoxaTapN lil$~ayoTaAni [Piety is a cause of approbation to the Lord; a cause of disapprobation, or anger, to the devil]. (TA.) Disliked, disapproved, or hated: (A, K:) in this sense applied to a gift. (A, TA.) You say also, huwa masoxuwTN Ealayohi He is an object of anger. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Transformed, or metamorphosed, into a worse, or more foul, or more ugly, shape: [and hence applied by the Arabs in the present day to any idol or other image of ancient workmanship; such being regarded by them as metamorphosed in consequence of having incurred the wrath of God:] and short: but thus applied, it is a vulgar term. (TA.) sxf , [aor. ,] inf. n. saxaAfapN (Mgh, Msb, TA) and suxofN, or, accord. to Kh, the former only, (Msb,) said of a garment, or piece of cloth, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) It was, or became, thin, flimsy, or unsubstantial; (Msb;) scanty in the yarn; (Mgh, Msb;) or thin in texture. (TA.) And saxufa, (TA,) inf. n. saxaAfapN, said of anything, It was, or became, thin, slender, or unsubstantial. (Msb, * TA. [See saxaAfapN below, voce suxofN.]) And saxufa, inf. n. suxofN, (K,) or rather saxaAfapN, accord. to what is said below of a distinction between these two ns., (TA,) said of a skin for water or milk, It was, or became, unsound, (K, TA,) altered for the worse, old, and worn out. (TA.) ― -b2- saxufa, aor. saxaAfapN, [or suxofN, q. v. infrà,] is also said of a man, meaning He was, or became, slender, or shallow, or weak, in intellect. (S, K. *) And it is also said of the intellect, meaning It was, or became, slender, &c. (K, * TK.) , inf. n. tasoxiyfN, [It rendered him thin, lean, or emaciated,] said of hunger. (A, TA.) , (S, K,) inf. n. musaAxafapN, (TA,) i. q. HaAmaqahu [He aided him in his foolishness, or stupidity]. (S, K.) -A2- musaAxafapN signifies [also] The showing, or making a show of, foolishness or stupidity. (KL.) , inf. n. A_isoxaAfN, said of a man, His property became little, or scanty. (TA.) -A2- maA A^asoxafahu How [slender, shallow, weak,] deficient, or defective, is he in intellect! (Sb, TA.) He deemed him slender, shallow, or weak, in intellect: but this is perhaps postclassical.] Slenderness of the means of subsistence. (AA, K.) ― -b2- See also the next paragraph. (AA, JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ saxofN (JK, K) and ↓ suxofapN and ↓ saxaAfapN (K) Slenderness, shallowness, or weakness, of intellect, (AA, JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) &c.: (K:) or, as some say, a lightness [of body] incident to a man when he is hungry: [but it is not clearly shown whether this refer to all of the foregoing words or only to the last, or last two, of them: (see saxofap, below:)] and some say that ↓ suxofapN signifies weakness of intellect; or deficiency thereof: (TA:) or suxofN is in the intellect; and ↓ saxaAfapN is [thinness, &c., (see 1,)] in everything; (Kh, Msb, K, TA;) as, for instance, in clouds, and in a skin for water or milk, and in herbage, and in a garment, or piece of cloth, &c. (TA.) , (S, K,) and ↓ suxofatuhu, (JK, K,) The thinness, and leanness, or emaciation, consequent upon hunger. (JK, S, K.) One says, bihi saxofapN mina AljawEi In him is thinness, &c., consequent upon hunger. (S, TA.) : see suxofN, in two places: ― -b2- and see the paragraph here next preceding. , applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (JK, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) Thin, flimsy, or unsubstantial; (Msb;) scanty in the yarn; (Mgh, Msb;) or thin in texture. (JK, TA.) It is also applied to anything, as, for instance, clouds (saHaAb), and herbage, (JK,) in both of these cases meaning Thin; (TA;) and to a skin for water or milk [as meaning unsound, altered for the worse, old, and worn out; see 1]: (JK:) and to the iron head or blade of an arrow or a spear or the like as meaning long and broad [and app. thin]. (AHn, TA.) ― -b2- Also, applied to a man, Slender, or shallow, or weak, in intellect: (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K: *) and, thus applied, (K,) or saxiyfu AlEaqoli, (TA,) lightwitted; or light, or unsteady, in intellect: (K, TA:) from the same epithet applied to a garment, or piece of cloth. (Mgh, Msb.) : see suxofN, in two places. [And see also 1, of which it is an inf. n.] A land in which is little herbage: (ISh, K:) from saxiyfN as an epithet applied to a garment, or piece of cloth. (TA.) [See also ArD musoHafapN, in art. sHf.] sxl , aor. , (K,) inf. n. saxolN, (TA,) He drove away, repelled, or banished, them: (K, TA: [in the CK, naq~Ahumo is erroneously put for nafaAhumo:]) and xasialahumo signifies the same. (TA.) ― -b2- And saxala Al$~aYo'a He took the thing by deceit (K, TA) and by seizure: but not known to Az except on the authority of Lth; and its correctness is doubted by him, unless it be formed by transposition from xalasa, like as they said ja*aba and jaba*a, and baD~a and Dab~a. (TA.) , inf. n. tasoxiylN, The palmtree bore dates such as are termed [sux~al, i. e.] $iyS: (S, TA:) so in the dial. of El-Hijáz: (TA:) or it was weak in its date-stones and its dates: or it shook off its dates. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And sx~l, (K,) or sx~l Aln~axolapa, (TA,) said of a man, He shook the palm-tree in order that its dates might fall off. (K, TA.) -A2- And sx~lhu, (S,) or sx~lhumo, inf. n. as above, (K,) He attributed, or imputed, to him, or them, a vice, fault, or defect, (S, K, TA,) and reckoned him, or them, weak: of the dial. of Hudheyl. (S, TA.) It (an affair, or event, TA) kept him, or held him, back; delayed him, or retarded him. (K, TA.) : see saxolapN. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) An infant that is an object of love to his parents: (IAar, O, TA:) originally, the “ offspring of the sheep or goat ” [app. as a sing. as well as a coll. gen. n.]. (TA.) ― -b3- See also sux~alN, in two places. A lamb, or kid, in whatever state it be; (K;) male or female: (TA:) or a lamb, or kid, when just born; male or female: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, peculiarly applied to a lamb; and this is affirmed by 'Iyád and Er-Ráfi'ee: accord. to some, peculiarly to a kid; and so affirms IAth: (TA:) [see also bahomN, in three places:] pl. ↓ saxolN, (S, O, Msb, K,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.] like as tamorN is of tamorapN, (Msb,) [and is app. also used as a sing., (see the next preceding paragraph,)] and [the pl. properly so termed is] sixaAlN (S, O, Msb, K) and sixalapN, which is extr. [as a pl. form, so much so that Sb holds it to be a quasi-pl. measure, not a broken pl. measure, as is said in the TA voce jibaA^apN]. (K.) (Az, S, O, K) and ↓ sux~aAlN, (Az, O, K,) applied to men, Weak; (S, O, K;) bad, vile, or base; (K;) or low, ignoble, mean, or sordid: (Az, O:) a pl. having no sing.: (Az, S, O:) or its sing. is ↓ saxolN: (K, TA: in the CK sux~alN [like the former pl.]:) so says Khálid. (IJ, TA.) ― -b2- Also sux~alN, (CK,) or ↓ saxolN, (TK,) [in the TA without any syll. signs,] Anything not completed. (IJ, K.) ― -b3- Also the former, (S, O, K,) in the dial. of the people of El-Medeeneh, (S, O,) The sort of dates termed $iyS, (S, O, K,) i. e. of which the stones do not become hard: (TA:) or, accord. to 'Eesà Ibn-'Omar, dates of which two or three grow together in one place, intermingling. (O, TA.) Refuse; syn. nufaAyapN. (JK, O, K, TA: in the CK nuqAyap.) : see sux~alN. Pronounced to be low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible: (K:) like maxosuwlN. (TA.) ― -b2- Unknown: (S, O, K:) and so maxosuwlN. (O.) A poet says, turaY fiY Als~amaA='i walaA tuEolamu waA^anotumo kawaAkibu masoxuwlapN [And ye are stars unknown, that are seen in the sky but not known]: or, as some relate it, maxosuwlapN. (S, O.) sxm , [inf. n. tasoxiymN,] He blackened his face (S, Mgh, Msb, K) with suxaAm, i. e. crock of the cooking-pot, (Msb,) or it is from Als~uxaAmu; (Mgh;) like sH~mhu, (Z, TA,) which is from AlA^asoHamu. (Mgh.) 'Omar said of him who bears false witness, yusax~amu wajohuhu [His face shall be blackened]. (TA.) And one says, sax~ama A@ll~`hu wajohahu, i. e. May God blacken his face: (S:) [or (assumed tropical:) may God disgrace him:] or (tropical:) may God hate him, or hate him in the utmost degree; and be angry with him. (Msb.) ― -b2- sx~m AlmaA='a, He heated the water, (IAar, K, TA,) and made it to boil. (IAar, TA.) ― -b3- And sx~m biSadorihi, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He angered him. (K.) -A2- sx~m All~aHomu, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) The flesh-meat became stinking; (K, TA;) became altered [for the worse]. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) He became affected with rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, against him: (K:) or he became angered against him. (TA.) : see what next follows. , (S, TA, [so in both of my copies of the former, erroneously written by Golius and Freytag, in the first of the following senses, saxamapN,]) with damm, (TA,) Blackness; (S, TA;) as also ↓ saxamN, (K, TA,) and [suHomapN and] saHamN. (TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) Anger. (TA.) See also saxiymapN. Crock, or black matter, [that collects upon the outside] of a cooking-pot. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) ― -b2- And Charcoal: (K:) heard in this sense from a man of Himyer. (As, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence,] Black hair. (TA.) And layolN suxaAmN and ↓ suxaAmiY~N Black night. (Ham p. 38.) -A2- Also Soft feathers beneath the upper feathers of a bird: (K, * TA:) n. un. with p. (TA.) ― -b2- And Soft to the feel, (K, TA,) and goodly; (TA;) applied to a garment, or piece of cloth; such as [the kind of cloth called] xaz~; and cotton; and the like: (K, TA:) you say vawobN suxaAmu Almas~i a garment soft to the feel; such as xaz~: and riy$N suxaAmN feathers soft to the feel: and quTonN suxaAmN [cotton soft to the feel]: it is not from the signification of “ blackness. ” (S.) And hence, (S,) xamorN suxaAmN Wine that descends smoothly and easily [down the throat]; as also ↓ suxaAmiy~apN (S, K) and ↓ suxaAmiY~N, (K,) or, accord. to ' Alee Ibn- Hamzeh, only the former of these two: (TA:) and [in like manner] TaEaAmN suxaAmN food that is soft, or smooth, and easy in descent. (IAar.) , applied to water, Neither hot nor cold; as also saxiynN. (AA, L in art. sxn.) (S, K) and ↓ suxomapN (K) Rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite; (S, K;) and anger in the soul: (S, TA:) pl. of the former saxaAy^imu. (TA.) [See two exs. in the first paragraph of art. sl.] ― -b2- And the former, by a metonymy, is used as meaning (tropical:) Excrement, or dung: so in the trad., mano sak~a saxiymatahu fiY Tariyqi Almusolimiyna laEanahu A@ll~`hu (tropical:) [Whoso voids his excrement in the road, or path, of the Muslims, him God curses]. (TA.) , and suxaAmiy~apN: see suxaAmN, in three places. Black; (S, K;) like A^asoHamu. (TA.) ― -b2- [The fem.] saxomaA='u is said to be applied to wine (xamor) as meaning Inclining to blackness: but what has been said above [app. as to the word and the meaning] is more approved. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, applied to a [stony tract such as is termed] Har~ap, Of which what is smooth, or soft, or plain, thereof, is intermixed with what is rugged. (K.) One in whom is saxiymap, i. e. rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite. (K.) sxn , (JK, S, MA, L, Msb, K,) aor. ; (TA;) and saxana, (S, MA, L, Msb, K,) aor. ; (TK;) and saxina, (L, Msb, K,) which is of the dial. of Benoo-'Ámir, (L,) aor. ; (TK;) inf. n. suxuwnapN, (JK, S, MA, L, Msb, K,) which is of the first [agreeably with analogy] (JK, S, MA) and of the second also, (S,) and suxonapN, (JK, L, K,) which is of the first, (JK,) and suxonN, (MA, L, K, [accord. to some copies of the K, in which biDam~atayoni is put instead of biDam~ihin~a after these three inf. ns., suxunN,]) which is likewise of the first, (MA,) [or of the first and second,] and saxaAnapN, (L, Msb, K,) [also of the first accord. to general analogy,] and saxanN, (K,) [which is of the third verb;] It was, or became, hot, or warm; (JK, S, MA, L, K;) said of water, (JK, S, L, Msb,) &c. (S, MA, L, Msb.) And saxanati Aln~aAru, and Alqidoru, [and saxunat,] aor. , inf. n. suxonN and suxuwnapN, [The fire, and the cooking-pot, became hot.] (L.) And saxunati AlA^aroDu and saxanat and saxinat [The ground became hot]. (L.) And saxunato Ealayohi Al$~amosu [The sun became hot upon him]: in the dial. of Benoo-'Ámir saxinato. (L.) And saxuna Alyawomu, (L, Msb,) and saxana, aor. , and some say saxina, aor. , inf. n. suxonN and suxunN, [The day was, or became, hot, or warm.] (L.) And saxunati Ald~aAb~apu The beast, being made to run, became hot in its bones, and light, or agile, in its running; [or simply, became hot, or heated; (see EM pp. 172 and 173;)] as also saxanat. (L.) And saxinato Eayonuhu, with kesr, (JK, * S, MA, L, K,) and saxunato, (JK, L,) or the former only, (L,) inf. n. suxonapN (JK, S, * MA, L, K, [in the CK, erroneously, saxonap,]) and suxuwnN (JK, L, K) and saxanN, (L, K, [accord. to the CK saxonN, but this is a mistake,]) contr. of qar~ato (S, * L, K *) [i. e.] His eye was, or became, hot, [or heated, or inflamed, by weeping, or by grief or sorrow; or hot] in its tears. (MA.) see the next paragraph. ; (L, Msb, K;) inf. n. A_isoxaAnN, (S, L,) He heated it, or warmed it; made it hot, or warm; (S, * L, Msb, * K;) namely, water, (S, L, Msb,) &c.; (L, Msb;) as also ↓ sx~nhu, (L, Msb, K,) inf. n. tasoxiynN. (S, L.) And Asxn A@ll~`hu Eayonahu, (S, L, K,) and biEayonihi, (L, K,) [God made his eye to become hot, or heated, or inflamed, by weeping, or by grief or sorrow; or, simply,] made him to weep. (S, L, K.) : see suxonapN. ― -b2- [The signification of “ calor aquæ aliarumve rerum, ” assigned to it by Freytag as on the authority of J, is a mistake, probably occasioned by a fault in his copy of the S.] an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (MA, L, K.) ― -b2- Also Hot, or warm; (MA, PS;) i. q. HaAr~N; (S, MA, Mgh, L, K;) contr. of baAridN; (JK, L;) an epithet applied to water, (JK, MA, Mgh, L,) &c.; (Msb;) as is also (in the same sense, JK, MA, Mgh, L) ↓ saxiynN, (JK, S, MA, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ saAxinN, (Msb,) and ↓ musoxanN, syn. with saxiynN like as muboramN is with bariymN, &c., (IAar, S, L,) or ↓ musax~anN, [which is syn. with musoxanN as meaning heated, or warmed,] like muEaZ~amN [in measure], (K,) and ↓ six~iynN, (L, K,) and ↓ suxaAxiynN, which is the only instance of the measure, (S, L, K, [which measure is said in the S to be fuEaAEiylN, but in the K fuEaAliylN,]) and which is also applied to food; (L;) syn. HaAr~N: (L, K:) or, accord. to AA, ↓ saxiynN, applied to water, means neither hot nor cold; as also saxiymN. (L.) And yawomN suxonN and ↓ saAxinN (S, L, Msb, K) and ↓ saxonaAnN or ↓ saxanaAnN, (accord. to different copies of the S,) or both these, (K,) and ↓ suxonaAnN, (L, K, * [in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K written suxonaAnu, which is incorrect, and in like manner saxonaAnN is there written ↓ saxonaAnu, but this, as well as saxonaAnN, may be correct, for it appears that saxonaAn has saxonaA='u for its fem. as well as saxonaAnapN,]) and ↓ suxaAxiynN signifies the same, [i. e. A hot, or warm, day,] or, accord. to IAar, ↓ yawomN suxaAxiynN signifies a day that is [so hot as to be] hurtful, and painful: (L:) and layolapN suxonapN (S, L, Msb, K) and ↓ saAxinapN (L, Msb, K) and ↓ saxonaAnapN or ↓ saxanaAnapN, (S, accord. to different copies,) or both, (K,) and ↓ suxonaAnapN, (L, K,) [i. e. a hot, or warm, night,] or ↓ yawomN saxanaAnN signifies a day intensely hot, and ↓ layolapN saxonaA='u [the latter word being fem. of saxonaAnu] a sultry night, or intensely hot so that it takes away the breath: (JK:) and it is said in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh Ibn-Kurrah, ↓ $ar~u Al$~itaA='i Als~axiynu, meaning [The worst of winter is] the hot in which is no cold; in the “ Ghareeb ” of El- Harbee, ↓ Als~uxayoxiynu, expl. as meaning the same, but this is probably a mistranscription. (L.) an inf. n. of 1 [q. v., last sentence]. See also suxonapN. : see the next paragraph. an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (JK, S, * &c.) [Hence,] one says, A_in~iY laA^ajidu fiY nafosiY suxonapF, (L, K, *) as also ↓ saxanapF (S, L, K, the only form mentioned in the S in this case) and ↓ saxonapF (L, K) and ↓ sixonapF and ↓ saxonFA, (K,) or ↓ saxanFA, (JK,) and ↓ saxonaA='a (L) and ↓ suxuwnapF (L, K) [and ↓ A_isoxinapF (in the JK erroneously written A^soxinapF) contr. of A_iboridapF], meaning [Verily I find, or experience, in myself,] an excess of heat arising from pain: (S, L:) or [simply] heat: or fever. (L, K.) [Hence also,] suxonapu AlEayoni contr. of qur~atuhaA [i. e. it signifies A hot, or heated, or an inflamed, state of the eye, by reason of weeping, or of grief or sorrow; or heat in the tears of the eye: see 1, last sentence]. (S, L, K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. ― -b2- One says also, Ealayoka biAlA^amori Einoda sixonatihi, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Keep thou to the affair] while it is in its first state, before it become cold [i. e. unmanageable, like cold iron]. (L.) : see suxonapN. [as fem. of saxonaAnu]: see suxonN, latter part. ― -b2- See also suxonapN. and saxonaAnu and suxonaAnN, and saxanaAnN in two places, and the same with p: see suxonN. Broth heated, or made hot. (S, L, K.) : see suxonN, in three places. [See also a saying of ' Amr Ibn-Kulthoom cited in the first paragraph of art. sxw and sxY.] ― -b2- Also, (K,) or saxiynu AlEayoni, (S, MA, L,) A man whose eye is [hot, or heated, or inflamed, by weeping, or by grief or sorrow; or] hot in its tears. (S, * MA, L, * K. *) ― -b3- And DarobN saxiynN, (K,) or ↓ six~iynN, (L,) (assumed tropical:) A hot, [i. e.] painful, smiting. (L, K. [Both are probably correct: that the latter is so is shown by what here follows.]) Ibn-Mukbil says, ↓ DarobFA taraAmato bihi AlA^aboTaAlu six~iynaA [A smiting which the brave men cast, one at another, burning, or painful: the measure (basiyT) requires us to read the last word thus, with tesh-deed to the x]. (L.) : see saxiynapN. an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (JK, S, &c.) See also suxonapN. A certain thin food, made of flour; (K;) a kind of food made of flour, thinner than [the kind of gruel called] EaSiydap and thicker than [the soup called] HasaA='; like nafiytap, it is eaten only in a time of straitness, and dearth, and leanness of the cattle; and Kureysh were taunted on account of their eating it; (S, L;) for they ate it much; and were called saxiynap: accord. to Az, it is also called ↓ saxuwnapN: accord. to AHeyth, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, it is flour thrown upon water or upon milk, and cooked, and then eaten [with dates (see xaziyrN)], or supped; and this is what is called HasaA=': [it is said in the Mgh to be the same as HasaA=':] accord. to others, hot food: or food made of flour and clarified butter: or, of flour and dates, thicker than HasaA=' and thinner than EaSiydap. (L.) : see suxonN: and saxiynN, in two places. -A2- Also, (L, K,) in the S saxiynN, which is a mistake, (K,) A misoHaAp [or shovel, or spade]: or a curved misoHaAp: of the dial. of 'Abd-El-Keys: (S, L:) pl. saxaAxiynu. (L, K.) [And] The mar~ [or shovel, or spade,] with which one works in earth or mud: (JK:) or the handle of the [implement called] miHoraAv [q. v.]; (L, K;) i. e., (L,) its mar~, which is also called miEozaq. (IAar, L.) And A knife: or a butcher's knife: pl. as above. (IAar, L, K.) : see suxonN, in three places. Also Rain coming in the intense heat of summer. (JK.) : see suxonN, last sentence. ; and its fem., with p: see suxonN, in three places. contr. of A_iboridapN: (K:) [see the latter word: and] see suxonapN. and tasoxaAnN: see the next paragraph; the latter, in two places. , accord. to Th, (Mgh, L, Msb,) a pl. having no sing., (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) like taEaA$iybu; (S;) or its sing. is ↓ tasoxaAnN and ↓ tasoxanN, (Mgh, L, Msb, K,) Boots; syn. xifaAfN [pl. of xuf~N]: (JK, S, Mgh, L, Msb, K:) occurring in a trad., in which it is said, A^amarahumo A^ano yamosaHuwA EalaY Alma$aAwi*i waAlt~asaAxiyni, (S, L,) [expl. as] meaning [He ordered them to wipe] the turbans and the boots. (L.) [But see what here follows.] ― -b2- Also A kind of thing like the TayaAlis [pl. of TayolasaAnN, q. v.]: (K:) Hamzeh El-Isbahánee says, ↓ tasoxaAnN is an arabicized word from [the Pers.] ta$okn [?], the name of a certain kind of headcovering, which the learned men, and the lawyers of the Persians or the judges of the Magians, exclusively of other persons, used to put upon their heads; and by such as knew not its Pers. original, it has been expl. as meaning a boot. (IAth, L.) -A2- Also i. q. maraAjilu [i. e. Cookingpots, or copper cooking-pots, &c.; pl. of mirojalN, q. v.]. (L, K. [In the CK, AlmaraAHilu AlxifAfu is erroneously put for AlmaraAjilu waAlxifaAfu. See also misoxanapN.]) : see suxonN, second sentence. [A cause of heat or warmth]: see an ex. voce maboradapN [which signifies the contrary]. A cooking-pot (qidorN, JK, S, L) of the kind called biraAm [pl. of buromapN, q. v.], (L, K,) like the [vessel called] tawor [q. v.], (JK, S, L, K,) in which food is heated: or accord. to ISh, a small cooking-pot in which one cooks for a child. (L.) : see suxonN, second sentence. sxw and sxY , aor. yasoxuw; (S, Msb, K;) and saxaY, aor. yasoxaY; (K;) and saxiYa, aor. yasoxaY; and saxuwa, aor. yasoxuw; (S, Msb, K;) inf. n. saxaA='N, (S, * M, Msb, * K, TA,) of the first verb, (M, Msb, * TA,) and of the second, (TA,) and suxuw~N, (M, K, TA, [in the CK saxow,]) of the first verb, (M, TA,) or of the last, (TA,) and suxuw~apN, (M, K, TA,) of the first verb, (M, TA,) or of the third, (TA,) and saxFY, (Msb, K, TA,) of the third verb, (Msb, TA,) and saxaAwapN, of the last verb; (S, Msb, TA;) He was, or became, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; or he affected, or constrained himself, to be generous; (S, * Msb, * K, * TA;) syn. jaAda, and takar~ama; (TA;) the inf. ns. signifying juwdN (S, Msb) and karamN (Msb) [or takar~umN]. And saxato nafosuhu His mind was, or became, liberal, &c. (Msb.) [Accord. to J,] the saying of 'Amr Ibn-Kulthoom, [relating to wine,] A_i*aA maA AlmaA='u xaAlaTahaA saxiynaA means [When the water mixes with it, and we drink it,] we are, or become, liberal, or bountiful, with our riches; and the assertion that sxynA is from Als~uxuwnapu, in the accus. case as a denotative of state, is a mistake: (S:) the former is the saying of AA; and the latter, of As: but IB says, on the authority of IKtt, that the right explanation is that which J disallows; and Es- Safadee says the like. (TA.) [See also 5.] ― -b2- [Hence,] saxiyato nafosiY Eani Al$~aYo'i I left, or relinquished, the thing. (S.) And saxaA binafosihi Eanohu He left, or relinquished, it; (TA:) or he held himself far from it; or withdrew his heart from it; as also nafosahu Eanohu ↓ sax~aY and sx~Y binafosihi Eanohu: (MA:) or nafosiY Eano h`*aA Al$~aYo'i ↓ sax~ayotu and sx~yt binafosiY Eanohu I left, or relinquished, this thing, and my soul did not strive with me to incline me to it. (JK.) And saxaA qalobiY Ealayoka [perhaps a mistranscription for Eanoka] I endured with patience the being debarred from thee. (JK.) -A2- saxaA, (K,) aor. yasoxuw, inf. n. saxowN, (TA,) He (a man) rested from his state of motion: (K:) from ISd. (TA.) -A3- saxaA Aln~aAra, aor. yasoxuw, inf. n. saxowN; (AA, S, K;) and saxiyahaA, aor. yasoxaY, inf. n. saxoYN; (AA, S;) and saxaAhaA, aor. yasoxaY, inf. n. saxoYN; (Sgh, K;) He made an opening in the live and extinct coals of the fire which had become collected together after it had been kindled: (T, S:) or he made a way [or vent] for the fire, beneath the cooking-pot: (M, K:) or saxaA Aln~aAra signifies fataHa EayonahaA [i. e. he made an opening in the live coals of the fire, that had become collected together, (as expl. in the TK in art. Sxw,) i. e., that had become compacted; in order that it might burn up well]; as also SaxaAhaA: or, as some say, he cleared, or swept, away the live, or burning, coals of the fire; as also with H: (TA: [see saHaA:]) and Aln~aAra ↓ sax~ayotu, inf. n. tasoxiyapN, I opened the heart of the place where the fire was kindled, in order that it might burn up well. (JK.) And one says, Aisoxa naAraka meaning Make thou a place upon which to kindle thy fire. (S.) ― -b2- And saxaA Alqidora, (K,) aor. yasoxuw, inf. n. saxowN, (TA,) He made a way [or vent] for the fire beneath the cooking-pot; (K;) mentioned by ISd, who adds that one says also, saxaA Aljamora mino taHoti Alqidori: (TA:) or the former phrase, [and app. the latter also,] he put aside the live coals from beneath the cooking-pot; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ sax~aAhaA. (JK.) -A4- saxiYa, aor. yasoxaY, inf. n. saxFA, said of a camel, (S, K,) and of a young weaned camel, (S,) He became affected with a limping, or halting, (S, K,) having leaped with a heavy load, in consequence of which a flatus had intervened between the skin and the shoulderblade: (S:) the epithet applied to the animal in this case is ↓ saxK, (S, K,) mentioned by Yaakoob, (S,) and ↓ saxiY~N, (JK, K,) this latter mentioned by Sgh, and anomalous, being of a measure proper to an epithet from a verb of the measure faEula, with damm to the medial radical; (TA;) and the pl. of this latter epithet is saxaAyaA and saxaAwaY. (JK.) see above, in four places. He affected, or constrained himself, to be liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous, (S, K,) EalaY A^aSoHaAbihi [over and above his companions]. (S.) Somewhat of speech. (JK.) : see saxiY~N: -A2- and see also 1, last sentence. Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ saAxK and ↓ saxK: (Msb, TA:) fem. of the first with p: pl. masc. A^asoxiyaA='u and suxawaA='u: and pl. fem. saxiy~aAtN and saxaAyaA. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, A_in~ahu lasaxiY~u Aln~afosi Eanohu [Verily he is content to leave, or relinquish, it]. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, last sentence. A certain plant of the [season called] rabiyE: n. un. with p: (JK:) the latter, of which the former is [said to be] the pl., signifies a certain herb, or leguminous plant, (K, TA,) rising upon a stem, having what resembles in form an ear of wheat, in which are grains like those of the yanobuwt [which is variously explained], and a heart, or kernel, (lubaAb,) the grain of which is a remedy for wounds: it is also called SaxaA='apN; but the more approved pronunciation is with s. (TA in art. Sxw.) : see the next paragraph. applied to a place, and saxaAwiy~apN applied to a land (A^aroDN), Soft in the earth [thereof]; (S, TA;) to which is added in the S, wahiYa manosuwbapN [and it is rel. n.]; but in the handwriting of Aboo-Zekereeyà wahiYa musotawiyapN [i. e. and such as is even, or level]: (TA:) or the former is pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of the latter, which signifies land soft in the earth [thereof]: or wide, or ample: as also ↓ saxowaA='u: (K:) or this last signifies a soft, or plain, and wide, or ample, land: (S:) and its pl. is saxaAwaY and saxaAwiY [or rather saxaAwK, when indeterminate]: (S, K: [in the former, these two pls. are correctly written with the article Als~axaAwaY and Als~axaAwiY:]) or, accord. to AA, saxaAwiY~u signifies land, or lands, [for the explanation is ambiguous, app. meaning the latter,] in which is nothing; and in like manner saxaAwiy~apN [but app. as a n. un.]: accord. to As and A'Obeyd, land; but correctly lands: (TA:) or width, or wide extent, (JK, TA,) so some say, (TA,) of a desert, or waterless desert, and vehemence of heat thereof. (JK.) : see saxiY~N. [More, and most, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous]: see an ex. voce laAfiZN. The place that is widened [or hollowed], in the fire, beneath the cooking-pot, in order that it may be able to burn up well: and hence, some say, is derived AlsaxaA='u meaning Aljuwdu; because the bosom becomes expanded on the occasion of giving. (TA.) sd , (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. sad~N; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) and ↓ sd~d; (M;) [but the latter has an intensive signification, or relates to several objects;] He closed, or closed up, an interstice, or intervening space: (M:) and stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong, (S, A, K,) a breach, or gap, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and the like. (S, Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence one says,] sud~ato Ealayohi AlT~ariyqu (assumed tropical:) [The road, or way, became closed, or stopped, against him]. (K.) And sud~a Tariyquhu mino bayoni yadayohi wamano xalofihi (assumed tropical:) [His road, or way, became closed, or stopped, before him and behind him]. (Zj, M.) And sad~a AlA^ufuqa (tropical:) [It obstructed the horizon]; said of a multitudinous swarm of locusts. (S, A, * K.) And sad~a Ealayohimo, and ↓ A^asad~a, It closed, or obstructed, against them, the horizon; [AlA^ufuqa being understood;] said of a collection of clouds rising. (M.) And sad~a maA waraA='ahu [It barred, or excluded, what was behind it]. (M.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] sadadotu Ealayohi baAba AlkalaAmi (assumed tropical:) [I closed, or stopped, to him the door of speech; i. e.] I prevented him from speaking; as though I closed, or stopped, his mouth. (Msb.) And maA sadadotu EalaY lahawaAti xaSomK qaT~u (assumed tropical:) I never stopped the way of speech of an adversary, nor prevented his saying what was in his mind. (Shureyh, Mgh.) And maA sadadotu EalaY xaSomK qaT~u (assumed tropical:) I never stopped an adversary from speaking; (El-Fáïk, Mgh, L;) on the authority of Esh-Shaabee: (Mgh:) occurring in a trad. (L.) ― -b4- And A^abiyhi ↓ huwa yasud~u masad~a (tropical:) [He fills up, or supplies, the place of his father]: and A^asolaAfihimo ↓ yasud~uwna masad~a (tropical:) [They fill up, or supply, the place of their ancestors]. (A, TA.) And yusad~u bihi AlHaAjapu (tropical:) Want is supplied thereby: (M, * TA:) [whence the saying,] taSad~aquwA walawo bitamorapK faA_in~ahaA tasud~u mina AljaAy^iEi (assumed tropical:) [Give ye something as alms, though it be but a date, or a dried date; for it will supply somewhat of the want of the hungry]: a trad. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer.) And yasud~u Alr~amaqa (assumed tropical:) [It stays, or arrests, the remains of life; as though it stopped the passage of the last breath from the body; or] it maintains, and preserves, the strength. (Msb in art. rmq.) ― -b5- And sad~ahu (assumed tropical:) He attributed, or imputed, to him, or he charged him with, or accused him of, a fault; [as though he thereby stopped his mouth; (see sad~N;)] as also sat~ahu. (TA in art. st.) -A2- sad~a, aor. yasid~u, (S, L, K,) with kesr, (S,) inf. n. sadaAdN and suduwdN, (L, the former inf. n. expl. in the S and K as signifying AisotiqaAmapN,) said of a spear, and an arrow, (TA,) and a saying, (S,) and an action, (TA,) or a thing [absolutely]; (L;) or sad~a, [sec. pers. sadidota,] aor. yasad~u, with fet-h to the s, (A,) inf. n. sadadN, (TK, expl. in the S and K as signifying AisotiqaAmapN, like sadaAdN, of which it is said in the S to be a contraction,) said of a saying, and an affair; (A;) or sad~a, aor. yasid~u and yasad~u, inf. n. sadadN; (MA;) i. q. SaAra sadiydFA [i. e. It was, or became, right, direct, or in a right state; it had, or took, a right direction or tendency; it tended towards the right point or object]: (S, A, L, K, TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ Astd~ is syn. with AisotaqaAma [which signifies the same]; (S, K;) as also ↓ Asd~ and ↓ tsd~d: (TA:) ↓ Astd~ said of an affair signifies it was, or became, rightly ordered or disposed; in a right state. (Msb.) You say, lahu ↓ tsd~d and ↓ Astd~ It was, or became, rightly directed towards it. (M.) And saAEiduhu ↓ Astd~ and ↓ tsd~d His fore arm was, or became, in a right state, or rightly directed, EalaY Alr~amoYi [for shooting]; syn. AstqAm. (A.) A poet says, saAEiduhu ramaAniY ↓ falam~aA A@sotad~a A^uEal~imuhu Alr~imaAyapa kul~a yawomK [I teaching him the art of shooting every day; and when his fore arm became in a right state, he shot me]: As says that [the reading] A$td~, with $, is not to be regarded. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And sad~a, aor. yasid~u, with kesr to the s, (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. suduwdN (Msb) [and app. also, as above, sadaAdN, q. v. infrà], is said of a man, (A, Msb, TA,) in like manner meaning SaAra sadiydFA [i. e. He was, or became, in a right state; he had, or took, a right direction or tendency; he tended towards the right point or object]: (A, TA:) or, (Msb,) as also ↓ Asd~, (S, K, TA,) he hit the right thing (S, Msb, K, TA,) in his saying (S, Msb, TA) and in his action: (Msb:) or ↓ Asd~ signifies he said, or did, what was right: (Msb:) or he sought what was right; (L, K;) as also ↓ sd~d; (L;) or it has this last meaning also. (S, * L.) You say, fiY Alqawoli ↓ A_in~ahu layusid~u Verily he hits the right thing in the saying. (S, L.) And qado maA $iy^ota ↓ A^asodadota (S, * L) is said to a man when he seeks [or has sought] what is right, (S,) meaning Thou hast sought what is right; whether the person thus addressed have hit the right thing or not. (L.) One says also, sad~a Ealayoka Alr~ajulu, aor. yasid~u, inf. n. sd [app. a mistranscription for sadaAd or suduwd], The man said, or did, what was right [against thee]: so in the handwriting of Sh. (Az, TA.) see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- [Hence,] sd~d maloA^ahu [He filled it up]; namely, a vessel, and a water-ing-trough. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA in art. xnq.) ― -b3- And sd~d Ealayohimo kul~a $aYo'K qaAluwhu (assumed tropical:) He annulled, in opposing them, everything that they said. (Jábir, as related by Aboo-'Adnán.) -A2- sd~dhu, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. tasodiydN, (K,) He directed it, (A, * L, Msb, K,) namely, an arrow, (A, Msb,) naHowahu towards him or it, (A,) or A_ilaY AlS~ayodi towards the game; (Msb;) and $d~dhu, with $, is a dial. var. thereof: (Towsheeh, TA:) and [in like manner] his spear; contr. of EaraDahu, (S, Msb,) or Ear~aDahu. (L.) ― -b2- And He taught him the art of shooting. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, (M, A, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He directed, accommodated, adapted, or disposed, him (S, M, A, K) to that which was right, or words and of actions: (S, K: [and the like is implied in the M and A:]) said of God. (M, A.) And you say, sad~ido SaAHibaka Teach thou thy companion, and direct him to the right course. (Sh, TA.) ― -b4- And [hence,] sad~ido maAlaka Act thou well with thy property, or cattle. (L.) And sad~ada AlA_ibila, inf. n. as above, He gave the camels easy access to every pasturage, and to every place where the ground was soft and spacious. (L.) -A3- See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. see 1, near the beginning: -A2- and see also the latter half of the same paragraph, in five places. see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places. , said of an interstice, or intervening space, It became closed, or closed up; as also ↓ Astd~: (M:) and both, said of a breach, or gap, (M, A,) it became stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong. (A.) Euyuwnu Alxarozi ↓ Aisotad~ato and Ainosad~ato signify the same [i. e. The punctures made in the sewing of the skin became closed]; (S, K;) expressing a consequence of pouring water into-a skin. (S.) see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: -A2- and see also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in five places. and ↓ sud~N Any building, or construction, with which a place is closed or closed up, or stopped or stopped up: (M: [see also sidaAdN:]) a dam: (Msb:) a thing intervening, as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, a rampart, or an obstacle, or obstruction, between two other things; (S, Msb, K:) and a mountain: (S, M, K: [in the last it seems that this meaning is restricted to the former word; but if restricted to either, it should be to the latter:]) or, as some say, anything that faces one, or is over against one, and bars, or excludes, (yasud~u,) what is behind it: whence goats are said to be sad~N yuraY mino waraAy^ihi Alfaqoru (assumed tropical:) [a barrier behind which is seen poverty]; meaning that they are not of great utility: (M:) or sad~N signifies what is made by man; and sud~N, what is created by God, (Zj, M, Msb, K,) as a mountain: (Msb:) in the Kur xviii. 92 and 93, and xxxvi. 8, some read with fet-h, and some with damm: (M, TA:) the pl. is A^asodaAdN, [a pl. of pauc.,] (A, Msb,) or A^asid~apN, [also a pl. of pauc.,] and suduwdN, [a pl. of mult.,] the latter of these two agreeable with general analogy, and the former of them anomalous, or, [ISd says,] in my opinion, this (A^asid~apN) is pl. of sidaAdN. (M.) You say, Duriba bayonahumaA sad~N and sud~N [A barrier, or an obstacle, was set between them two]: and Duribato bayonahumaA AlA^asodaAdu [Barriers, or obstacles, were set between them two]. (A.) And Darabato Ealayohi AlA^aroDu biAlA^asodaAdi (tropical:) [The earth, or land, set barriers, or obstacles, against him]; meaning, the ways became closed, or stopped, against him, and the courses that he should pursue became obscure to him: (K: in the CK Duribato:) the sing. of A^asodaAdN [accord. to general analogy] is sud~N. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] the former (sad~N) also signifies, (Fr, S, M, L, K,) or ↓ sidaAdN, (A,) or the former and ↓ sadaAdapN, (L,) (tropical:) A fault, or defect, (Fr, S, M, A, &c.,) such as blindness and deafness and dumbness, (S,) or such as closes, or stops, one's mouth, so that he does not speak: (A:) pl. of the first, (S, M, K,) or of the second, (A,) A^asid~apN, [a pl. of pauc.,] (S, M, A, K,) accord. to analogy suduwdN, (S, M, K,) or A^asud~N [which is a pl. of pauc.]. (M.) You say, ↓ maA bihi sidaAdN (tropical:) There is not in him any fault &c.: and fulaAnN bariYo'N mina AlA^asid~api (tropical:) Such a one is free from faults &c. (A.) And tasud~u faAhu Eani AlkalaAmi ↓ maA bifulaAnK sadaAdapN (assumed tropical:) There is not in such a one a fault that stops his mouth from speaking. (Aboo-Sa'eed, L.) And laA tajoEalan~a bijanobika AlA^asid~apa (tropical:) By no means render thou thy bosom contracted so that thou shalt be unable to return an answer, like him who is deaf or dumb. (S, K.) ― -b3- See also sud~N. ― -b4- sd~ [so in the TA, i. e. either sad~N or sud~a,] also signifies (assumed tropical:) A she-camel by which the sportsman conceals himself from the game; also called dariyoy^apNnd dariyEapN whence the saying, ramaAhu fiY sd~i naAqatihi (assumed tropical:) [He shot him, or shot at him, by his she-camel whereby he was concealing himself]. (IAar, TA.) ― -b5- And sad~N, (M,) or sud~N, (O, K,) is also syn. with Zil~N [as meaning (tropical:) Shade, or shadow; or cover, or protection]. (IAar, M, O, K, TA.) A poet cited by IAar says, qaEadotu lahu fiY sad~i niqoDK muEaw~adK li*`lika fiY SaHoraA='a ji*omK dariynuhaA (tropical:) [I sat for him, i. e. lay in wait for him, in the shade, or cover, of a camel rendered lean by travel, accustomed to that, in a desert whereof the dry herbage was old]: i. e. I made him a cover, or screen, to me, in order that he might not see me: and by ji*om he means “ old, ” because Alji*omu signifies AlA^aSolu, and there is nothing older than the A^aSol; and he uses it as an epithet because it implies the meaning of an epithet. (M.) -A2- sad~N also signifies A thing, (S, K,) [i. e.] a [basket such as is called] sal~ap, (M, TA,) made of twigs, (S, M, K,) and having covers (A^aTobaAq): (S, K: [but this addition in the S and K seems properly to apply to the pl., as will be shown by what follows:]) pl. sidaAdN and suduwdN: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, suduwdN signifies [baskets such as are called] silaAl, [pl. of sal~apN,] made of twigs, and having covers (A^aTobaAq); one of which is called [not sad~N but] ↓ sad~apN: and it is said also on other authority that the sal~ap is called sad~apN and TabolN. (L, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, passim. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) A swarm of locusts obstructing the horizon: (M:) or so sud~N mino jaraAdK: (TA:) and jaraAdN sud~N (tropical:) locusts (S, M, A, K) that have obstructed, (S, K,) or obstructing, (M, A,) the horizon, (S, M, A, K,) by their multitude: (S, A, K:) in which case, sud~N is either a substitute for jaraAdN and therefore a substantive, or it is pl. of ↓ saduwdN signifying that which obstructs the horizon and therefore an epithet. (M.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) A black cloud, (AZ, S, K, TA,) that has risen in any tract of the sky: (TA:) or a collection of clouds rising, obstructing the horizon: (M:) pl. suduwdN: (S, M, K:) [or] ↓ sad~N and Sad~N, but the former is the more approved, signify (assumed tropical:) a cloud, or collection of clouds, rising high, and appearing like a mountain. (M and L in art. Sd.) ― -b4- And A valley: (K:) so called because it becomes closed, or stopped up. (TA.) ― -b5- And A valley containing stones and masses of rock, in which water remains for some time, or a long time: pl. sidadapN: (S, L, K:) or you say, A^aroDN bihaA sidadapN [a land in which are valleys containing stones and masses of rock, &c.]; and the sing. is ↓ sud~apN. (L.) ― -b6- And (assumed tropical:) The departure [or loss] of sight: (IAar, M:) from the same word in the first of the senses expl. in the next preceding paragraph. (M.) : see sadiydN. : see sad~N, last sentence. A certain disease in the nose, (S, M, L, K,) which stops it up, (M, L,) attacking the passage of the breath, (L,) and preventing respiration; (S, L;) as also ↓ sudaAdN. (S, M, L, K.) A thing that obstructs the passage of the humours, and of the food, in the body. (KL.) [And Any obstruction in the body: pl. sudadN.] ― -b2- See also sud~N. -A2- Also [A vestibule, or porch, for shade and shelter, before the door of a house: this is a common signification of the word, and is app. what is meant by its being said that] the sud~ap is what is before the door of a house: (M, A:) or, as some say, a saqiyfap [i. e. roof, or covering, such as projects over the door of a house &c.; or a place roofed over]; (M:) or a Zul~ap [i. e. roof, or cover- ing, for shade and shelter,] over a door: (Mgh:) or it is [a thing, or place,] like a Suf~ap [or saqiyfap] before a bayot [or house, or perhaps here meaning tent]: and a Zul~ap at the door of a house (daAr): (AA, TA:) or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, (TA,) in the language of the Arabs [of the desert] it signifies [a space such as is termed] a finaA=' pertaining to a tent of hair-cloth and the like; and those who make it to be like a Suf~ap, or like a saqiyfap, explain the word accord. to the way in which it is used by the people of the towns and villages: (Msb, TA:) or it signifies the door [itself]: (S, A, Mgh, K:) or it has this meaning also: (Msb:) some thus apply it to the door itself: (A'Obeyd, L:) and the surrounding portico [of the interior court] of the largest, or larger, mosque: (M, TA:) pl. sudadN. (S, L, Msb, K.) You say, raA^ayotuhu qaAEidFA bisud~api baAbihi [I saw him sitting in the vestibule of his door]: (S, TA:) and bisud~api daArihi [in the vestibule before the door, or at the door, of his house]. (TA.) Abu-d-Dardà said, mano yago$a sudada Als~uloTaAni yaqumo wayaqoEudo, (S, L,) or mano yaA^oti Alx, i. e. [He who comes to the vestibules, or gates, of the Sultán] experiences returns of recent and old griefs, disquieting him so that he is not able to remain at rest, but stands up and sits down: (Mgh in art. qdm:) this he said when he came to the gate of Mo'áwiyeh and did not receive permission to enter. (L.) And it is said in a trad., Al$~uEovu Alr~uw^uwsi Al~a*iyna laA tufotaHu lahumu Als~udadu, (S, A,) meaning AlA^abowaAbu [i. e. The shaggy, or dishevelled, and dusty, in the heads are those to whom the doors will not be opened]. (A.) ― -b2- Hence, Umm-Selemeh, addressing' Áïsheh, termed her a sud~ap, i. e. a baAb [meaning (assumed tropical:) A means of communication[, between the Prophet and his people. (L, from a trad.) -A3- Also Palm-sticks, i. e. palmbranches stripped of their leaves, bound together, [side by side,] upon which one sleeps. (M.) : see the next paragraph, in four places: ― -b2- and see also sadiydN. [an inf. n. of the intrans. verb sad~a; as also ↓ sadadN]. [Hence,] one says, A_in~ahu la*uw sadaAdK Verily he has a faculty of hitting the right thing, or his object or aim, in speaking, and in the managing or disposing of affairs, and in shooting. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence also, as a subst.,] A thing that is right, syn. SawaAbN, (S, A, Msb, K,) and qaSodN, (S,) of what is said and of what is done; (S, A, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ sadadN, (S, A,) which is a contraction of the former. (S.) One says, qaAla sadaAdFA mina Alqawoli He said a right thing [lit. of what is said, i. e., a right saying]; (S, A;) as also ↓ sadadFA. (A.) And yuSiybu Als~adaAda He hits the right thing in speech [or action]. (S.) And huwa EalaY sadaAdK mino A^amorihi and ↓ sadadK [He is following a right course of action in respect of his affair]. (A.) And A^amoru fulaAnK yajoriY EalaY Als~adaAdi The affair of such a one goes on according to that which is right. (S.) ― -b3- [And hence the saying,] A^atatonaA riyHN mino sadaAdi A^aroDihimo (tropical:) A wind came to us from the direction of their land. (A, TA.) ― -b4- It is also used as an epithet, syn. with sadiydN, q. v. (L.) ― -b5- And Als~adaAdu [as though meaning The right projecter] is a name that was given to a bow belonging to the Prophet, as ominating the hitting of the object aimed at by that which was shot from it. (TA.) -A2- See also sidaAdN, in three places. : see sud~apN, first sentence. A thing with which an interstice, or intervening space, is closed, or closed up: (AO, M, L: [see also sad~N:]) and a thing with which a breach, or gap, (M, A,) is stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong: (A:) pl. A^asid~apN. (M.) Primarily, accord. to ISh, (Meyd, in explanation of a prov. mentioned in what follows,) Somewhat of milk that dries up in the orifice of a she-camel's teat; (Meyd, K;) because it stops up the passage of the milk. (Meyd.) Also A stopper of a bottle (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K, * TA) &c.: (Msb:) in this sense [as well as in those before mentioned] with kesr (S, Mgh, Msb, K) only [to the s]: and so in the sense next following. (S, K.) A body of horse and foot serving as blockaders of the frontier of a hostile country. (S, K, * TA.) ― -b2- sidaAdN mino EawazK and ↓ sadaAdN, (ISk, S, M, Msb, K,) but the former is the more chaste, (S,) and it alone is mentioned by most authors in this saying, because it is from sdAd as meaning the “ stopper ” of a bottle; (Msb;) and some say that ↓ sadAd, with fet-h, is a corruption; (Msb, K;) expressly disallowed by As and ISh; (Msb;) a prov.; (Meyd;) meaning (tropical:) A thing by which want is supplied, (S, M, Msb, K,) and by which life is preserved; accord. to ISh, if incomplete; and accord. to As, a thing by which somewhat of the entire wants of one's case is supplied. (Msb.) One says also, A^aSabotu bihi sidaAdFA mina AlEayo$i and ↓ sadaAdFA (tropical:) I attained thereby a thing by which want was supplied; (S, K, * TA;) or a means of sustaining life. (AO, L.) ― -b3- See also sad~N, in two places. : see sud~N. , applied to a spear, Seldom missing; and [to the same, and] to an arrow, that hits the mark; (TA;) and to a saying, (S, M, L,) as also ↓ sadaAdN (M, L) and ↓ sadadN; (L;) and an action; (TA;) and an affair, as also ↓ A^asad~u; (S, A, L;) right, direct, or in a right state; having, or taking, a right direction or tendency; tending towards the right point or object: (S, M, A, L, TA:) and ↓ sid~N, applied to speech, signifies the same; (TA;) and true. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And applied to a man, meaning Who pursues a right course; as also ↓ A^asad~N; (M;) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ sad~aAdN: (TA:) or, (Msb,) as also ↓ musid~N, (S,) who hits the right thing in his saying (S, Msb) and in his action. (Msb.) : see sad~N, in two places. : see sadiydN. (tropical:) An eye (EayonN) of which the sight has gone; (A;) that has become white, and with which one does not see, but which has not yet burst: (Az, A, * L, K:) or that is open, but does not see strongly: (IAar, L, K:) pl. suduwdN, (IAar, L,) or sududN. (K.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, K.) : see sadiydN, in two places. [properly A place of closing, or stopping, &c.]: see 1, in two places. : see sadiydN. Directed; pointed in a right direction. (S TA.) ― -b2- And A man directed, accommodated, adapted, or disposed, to that which is right [of words and of actions]; (L;) who does that which is right, (yaEomalu biAls~adaAdi waAlqaSodi, S, L,) keeping to the right way; in which sense it is related by some with kesr, ↓ musad~idN. (L.) [Golius explains it as meaning, on the authority of the S, who executes his affairs with sure and good judgment, and with happy success: and Freytag thus explains ↓ musad~idN, as from the S.] : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. sdj , (O, K,) aor. , inf. n. sadojN, (TK,) He thought a thing to be in him; (O, K;) i. e. he suspected him of a thing: (TA:) or sadaja bi$aYo'K he imagined, or thought, a thing. (L.) ― -b2- See also what next follows, in two places. ; (S, L, K;) and ↓ sadaja, inf. n. sadojN; (L;) He lied, affected lying, or lied purposely; and forged, or fabricated: (S, L, K: [in the CK, taxal~afa is erroneously put for taxal~aqa:]) he forged and uttered false and vain tales: (L:) or ↓ sadaja, aor. , signifies [simply] he lied; (O, in the present art. and in art. srj;) like saraja. (O in art. srj.) [See also tsr~j.] He fell prostrate; fell upon his face; (O, K, TA;) like him who is prostrating himself in prayer: (TA:) [it may perhaps be a mistranscription for AnsdH; which seems to be better known in this sense: but it is said to be] formed by transposition from Ansjd and [so] Andsj. (TA.) , used by Ibn-El-Khateeb and others of the people of El-Andalus, [and by post-classical writers of other countries,] as meaning Easiness, and goodness of nature or disposition, [or rather simplicity, or plainness, of mind or manners,] is from saA*ajN, an arabicized word from [the Pers.] saAdaho, signifying, with them, “ free in intellect, ” and “ easy in nature or disposition: ” frequent usage occasioned the change of the * into d. (TA. [See De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., ii. 292.]) A great, or habitual, liar, (S, O, L, K,) who will not tell thee truly whence he comes, but will tell thee lyingly. (L.) [See also sar~aAjN.] sdr , aor. , inf. n. sadarN and sadaArapN, (S, K,) He became dazzled by a thing at which he looked, so that he turned away his face from it: or became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: syn. taHay~ara: (K:) and he (a camel) became dazzled by a thing at which he looked, so that he turned away his face from it, by reason of intense heat: (S, * K:) also, (TA,) or sadira baSaruhu, (M,) he [app. a man or any animal] was hardly able to see: (M, TA:) or sadira baSaruhu he was dazzled, or confounded or perplexed, and did not see well; as also ↓ Aisomadar~a. (A, TA.) [See also sadarN, below.] -A2- sadara, (M, K,) or sadarato, (S,) aor. , inf. n. sadorN, (M,) He, or she, let down, let fall, or made to hang down, his, or her, hair; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a curtain, or veil, (M,) and a garment; (Lh;) a dial. var. of sadala. (S, K. *) ― -b2- Also sadara, aor. , inf. n. sadorN and suduwrN, He rent his garment. (Yaa- koob, M.) [The sun dazzled his eye, and confused his sight]. (K in art. jhr.) He covered himself with his garment. (AA.) It (hair, S, M, K, and a curtain or veil, M) hung down; (S, M, K;) a dial. var. of Ansdl. (S, K. *) ― -b2- Ansdr yaEoduw He was somewhat quick, or made some haste, running: (S, M: *) or he went down, or downwards, and persevered (A 'Obeyd, K) in his running, going quickly. (A 'Obeyd.) [In the CK, for yEdw, is put by mistake baEuda.] His sight became weak, in the manner described below, voce samaAdiyru. (S in art. sdr, and M and K in art. smdr.) It is of the measure AifomaEal~a, from Als~adaru; (IKtt;) the m being augmentative. (S.) See also sadira. ― -b2- Asmdr~t Eayonuhu His eye shed tears; accord. to Lh; but this is not known in the classical language. (M in art. smdr.) [a coll. gen. n., The species of lote-tree called by Linnæus rhamnus spina Christi; and by Forskål, rhamnus nabeca;] the tree, or trees, of which the fruit is called nabiq and naboq: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) sing., (Msb,) or [rather] n. un., (S, M, K,) sidorapN: (S, M, Msb, K:) and sometimes sidorN is used as meaning the smallest or smaller of numbers [generally denoting from three to ten inclusively]: (Ibn-Es-Sarráj, Msb:) AHn says, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, the sidor is of the kind called EiDaAh, and is of two species, EuboriY~N and DaAlN: the EbrY is that which has no thorns except such as do not hurt: the DAl has thorns [which hurt]: the sdr has a broad round leaf: and sometimes people alight and rest beneath a tree of this kind; but the DAl is small: the best nbq that is known in the land of the Arabs is in Hejer (hajar), in a single piece of land which is appropriated to the Sultán alone: it is the sweetest of all in taste and odour: the mouth of him who eats it, and the garments of him who has it upon him, diffuse an odour like that of perfume: (M, TA:) it is [also] said that the sdr is of two species; whereof one grows in the cultivated lands, and its leaves are used in the ablution termed gusol, and its fruit is sweet; and the other grows in the desert, and its leaves are not so used, and its fruit is juicy: the zuEoruwr is so described that it may be supposed to be the wild nbq: (Msb:) when sidorN is used absolutely, with relation to the ablution termed gusol, it means the ground leaves of the tree so called: (Mgh, * Msb:) the pl. of sidorapN is sidoraAtN and sidiraAtN and sidaraAtN (S, K) and sidarN (S, M, K) and suduwrN, (M, K,) which last is extr. (M.) ― -b2- sidorapu AlmunotahaY is said to be The lote-tree in the Seventh Heaven; (Lth, K; *) beyond which neither angel nor prophet passes, and which shades the water and Paradise: (Lth:) in the Saheeh it is said to be in the Sixth Heaven: 'Iyád reconciles the two assertions by the supposition that its root is in the Sixth, and that it rises over the Seventh: accord. to IAth, it is in the furthest part of Paradise to which, as its furthest limit, extends the knowledge of ancients and moderns. (MF, TA.) [see 1]. You say, fiY baSarihi sadarN, and ↓ samaAdiyru, In his sight is a confusedness, so that he does not see well. (A.) ― -b2- Some say that it signifies An affection resembling vertigo, common to a voyager upon the sea: or [simply] vertigo. (TA in art. bql.) Having his eyes dazzled by a thing, so that he turns away his face from it: or in a state of confusion or perplexity, and unable to see his right course: syn. mutaHay~irN: (K:) as also ↓ saAdirN: (S, K:) and the former, a camel having his eyes dazzled by a thing, so that he turns away his face from it, by reason of intense heat: (S:) and also one having his eyes dazzled by snow; as well as by intense heat. (IAar.) ― -b2- Eayonuhu sadirapN His eye is confused in its vision, or dazzled, so that he cannot see well. (A.) ― -b3- And sadirapN means An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. sd.) ― -b4- Also sadirN The sea: (S, M, K:) one of the [proper] names thereof; (S;) occurring only in a poem of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt: (M:) he says, fakaA^an~a biroqiEa waAlmalaAy^iku Hawolahu sadirN tawaAkaluhu AlqawaAy^imu A^ajoradu [And as though the first heaven, with the angels around it, were the sea, the winds deserting it, and smooth]: (S, M, TA: [but in the M and TA, for Hawolahu, we find HawolahaA; and in the S, for A^ajoradu, we find A^ajorabu, which is inconsistent with the rhyme of the poem:]) by AlqwAy^m he means the winds; and by twAklh, [for tatawaAkaluhu,] tarakatohu [or rather tatorukuhu]: he likens the sky to the sea when calm: (TA:) Th quotes thus: wakaA^an~a biroqiEa waAlmalaAy^iku taHotahaA sadirN tawaAkaluhu qawaAy^imu A^arobaEu and says that the poet likens the angels, with respect to their fear of God, to a man affected with a vertigo [lit., turning round, though it would seem more appropriate had he said, the poet likens them to a camel so affected, whom his four legs failed: he prefaces this explanation with the words, sadirN yaduwru waqawaAy^imu A^arobaEu humu AlmalaAy^ikapu; to which he or ISd adds, laA yadoriY kayofa xaloquhum: but (using a common phrase of ISd) I can only say, laA A^adoriY kayofa h`*aA; unless there be some omission in the transcription]: (M, TA:) Sgh says that the correct reading is sidorN, meaning the kind of tree so called, not the sea; and the author of the Námoos adopts his opinion; but MF rejects it: (TA:) some read raqoEFA [in the place of brqE] and explain it as meaning the seventh heaven. (TA in art. rqE.) One who grinds and sells the leaves of the sidor. (TA.) [See also sad~aArN.] A thing resembling a [curtain of the kind called] xidor: (K:) or resembling a kil~ap, which is put across a [tent of the kind called] xibaA='. (M.) A seller of the leaves of the sidor. (TA.) [See also sidoriY~N.] : see sadirN. ― -b2- Also Losing his way: you say, A_in~ahu saAdirN fiY AlgaY~i Verily he is losing his way, in error. (A.) And A^ataY A^amorahu saAdirFA i. e. [He entered into, or did, his affair] in a wrong way. (Ham p. 432.) ― -b3- A man without firmness, or deliberation. (M.) You say, takal~ama saAdirFA He spoke without deliberation. (A.) ― -b4- A man who cares not for anything, nor minds what he does: (S, * M, K:) or one who occupies himself with vain or frivolous diversion. (TA.) A cloudiness of the eye; (K;) and weakness of sight: (TA:) and samaAdiyru [originally pl. of the preceding, app.,] weakness of sight, (S, M, K,) or something appearing to a man by reason of weakness of his sight, (M, K,) on the occasion of, (S, M,) or [arising] from, (K,) intoxication (S, M, K) by drink &c., (M,) and from [or if the reading in the CK be correct this prep. should be omitted] the insensibility arising from drowsiness and vertigo. (S, K.) The m is augmentative. (S: but the word is mentioned in the M and K in art. smdr.) See also sadarN. -A2- Also A king: because the eyes become weak, or dazzled, in consequence of looking at him. (K in art. smdr.) The shoulder-joints, (S, M, A, K,) and the sides: (S, K:) or (so in the M, but accord. to the K “ and ”) two veins (M, K) in the eye, (M,) or in the two eyes: (K:) or beneath the temples. (M.) Hence the saying jaA='a yaDoribu A^asodarayohi He came beating (with his hands, TA) his shoulder-joints (S, A, K) and his sides; (S, K;) meaning, (tropical:) he came empty, (S, A, K,) having nothing in his hand, (S,) or having no occupation, (M,) and without having accomplished the object of his desire: (S, K:) and in like manner, A^aSodarayohi: (S:) and jaA='a yanofuDu A^asodarayohi, (AZ,) and A^aSodarayohi, (TA,) and A^azodarayohi, (ISk,) he came shaking his shoulder-joints: (AZ:) or his sides: meaning as above. (TA.) Hair [let down, or made to hang down, or] hanging down; like masoduwlN. (TA.) A dazzled eye. (TA in art. smdr.) -A2- A long and direct road. (K ibid.) ― -b2- And hence, (TA ibid.,) (assumed tropical:) Right speech or language. (K and TA ibid.) sds , (S, M, Msb, K, *) aor. , (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. sadosN, (M, Msb, TA,) He took the sixth part of the possessions of the people. (M, Msb, K.) ― -b2- And sadasa Alqawoma, aor. , (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. sadosN, (Msb, TA,) He was, or became, the sixth of the people: (M, Msb, K:) or he made them, with himself, six. (S in art. vlv.) And He made the people, they being fifty-nine, to be sixty with himself. (A 'Obeyd, S in art. vlv.) And sadasa also signifies He made fifteen to be sixteen. (T in art. vlv.) , inf. n. tasodiysN, He made it six. (EshSheybánee, and K voce waH~adahu.) ― -b2- He made it to be six-cornered; six-angled; hexagonal: or sixribbed. (Sgh, TA.) ― -b3- sd~s liA@moraA^atihi, or EinodahaA, He remained six nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce sab~aEa.) The party of men became six: (S, M, Msb:) also the party of men became sixty. (M and L in art. vlv.) ― -b2- Asds AlbaEiyru The camel cast the tooth after the rabaAEiyap; (S, Msb, K;) cast the tooth called sadiys; (M, A;) which he does in his eighth year: (S, IF, A, Msb:) and in like manner one says of a sheep or goat. (M.) ― -b3- Asds Alr~ajulu The man was, or became, one whose camels came to water on the sixth day, counting the day of the next preceding drinking as the first. (S, * K, * TA.) [See sidosN.] : see sudusN. is the original form of sit~N, (M, K,) fem. of sit~apN, which is originally sidosapN, (M,) [meaning Six; for] the dim. [of sit~N is ↓ sudayosN, and that] of sit~apN is ↓ sudayosapN; and the pl. is A^asodaAsN. (S in art. st, q. v.) ― -b2- Also [The drinking of camels on the sixth day, counting the day of the next preceding drinking as the first; as will be seen from what here follows;] the period of the drinking of camels [next] after that called ximosN: or after six days and five nights: (M, TA:) or their being kept from the water five days, and coming to it on the sixth: (S:) but Sgh says that this is a mistake, and that the correct meaning of the term is, their being kept from the water four days, and coming to it on the fifth; and so it is explained in the [A and] K: (TA:) or their drinking one day, then being kept from the water four days, then coming to it on the fifth day; so [by the application of the term sidosN] they include in their reckoning the first day in which the camels drink: (Aboo-Sahl, TA:) or their remaining in the place of pasture four days [after drinking], then coming to the water on the fifth: (TA:) pl. A^asodaAsN. (M, Sgh, TA.) You say, waradato A_iboluhu sidosFA [His camels came to the water on the sixth day, counting the day of the next preceding drinking as the first]. (S, A, K.) [Hence the saying,] Daraba A^axomaAsFA liA^asodaAsK [which see expl. voce ximosN]. (A.) ― -b3- Also The sixth young one, or offspring. (A in art. vlv.) : see sadiysN, in three places: ― -b2- and, as an epithet applied to a calf, see EaDobN. (S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ sudosN (S, Msb, K) A sixth part; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ sadiysN, (S, Msb, K,) a form used by some, like as one says Eu$orN and Ea$iyrN: (S:) pl. A^asodaAsN. (M, Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, app., the saying, Daraba A^axomaAsahu fiY A^asodaAsihi, which see expl. voce xumusN.] [ as meaning Six and six together, or six at a time and six at a time, seems not to have been heard: see Eu$aAra. But Freytag mentions sudaAsN as used by El-Mutanebbee for sit~ap.] : see the next paragraph. (Sh, S, M, K) and ↓ saduwusN, (Sh, M, K,) As used to say the latter, (S,) A [garment of the kind called] TayolasaAn: (M:) or a TylsAn, (S, M, K,) or any garment, (Sh,) of the colour termed xuDorap [here app. meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour]. (Sh, S, M, K.) -A2- And the former, (K,) or the latter, (M,) Smoke-black of fat; or lamp-black; syn. niylanojN. (M, K.) : see sudusN: ― -b2- and see sudaAsiY~N. -A2- Also The tooth that is before that called the baAzil; (S, K;) after that called the rabaAEiyap; (M, L, TA;) as also ↓ sadisN; (S, K;) masc. and fem., because the fem. names of teeth are all with p, except sadasN and sadiysN and baAzilN: (S:) the pl. (of the former, S,) is sudusN and (of the latter, S) sudosN. (S, K.) You say, of a camel, A^aloqaY sadiysahu and ↓ sadasahu [He cast his tooth called the sdys and sds]. (A.) ― -b2- And hence, (Mgh,) A camel, (M, A, Mgh, Msb,) and a sheep or goat, (M, TA,) casting his sadiys, (M, A, TA,) or his tooth that is after the rabaAEiyap; (Msb;) i. e., in the eighth year; (A, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ sadasN: (A, Mgh, TA:) masc. and fem.: (M, TA:) or a sheep or goat six years old: (S, K:) pl. sudusN. (M.) A poet, (S,) namely, Mansoor Ibn-Misjáh, speaking of a fine for homicide, taken from among selected camels, (TA,) says, faTaAfa kamaA TaAfa AlmuSad~iqu wasoTahaA yuxiy~iru minohaA fiY AlbawaAzili waAls~udosi [And he went round about, as the collector of the poor-rate went round about, amid them, preferring certain of them, among the nine-year-old and the eight-year-old camels]. (S, TA.) -A3- Also A sort of measure, or a sort of mak~uwk, [in some copies of the K DarobN mina AlmakaAyiyli, and in others and in the O Drb mn AlmakaAkiyki,] (O, K,) with which dates are measured. (O.) -A4- sadiysa in the saying laA A=tiyka sadiysa EujayosK is a dial. var. of sajiysa, q. v. (S.) and sudayosapN: see sidosN. , applied to a garment of the kind called A_izaArN, (S, A, K,) Six cubits in length; (A, K;) as also ↓ sadiysN. (S, * A, Msb, K.) ― -b2- Also [as meaning Six spans in height, said to be] applied to a slave. (Msb in art. xms.) [But see xumaAsiY~N.] ― -b3- [Also A word composed of six letters, radical only, or radical and augmentative.] [Sixth]: fem. with p. (S, K, &c.) See also saAt~N, in art. st. ― -b2- [saAdisa Ea$ara, and the fem. saAdisapa Ea$orapa, meaning Sixteenth, are subject to the same rules as vaAliva Ea$ara and its fem., expl. in art. vlv, q. v.] : see art. snds. A thing composed of six layers or strata, or of six distinct fascicles or the like. (TA in art. vlv. [See also masoduwsN, below.]) ― -b2- [Hexagonal; a hexagon.] ― -b3- A verse composed of six feet. (M.) A rope composed of six strands. (M in art. vlv.) sdg a dial. var. of SudogN, (K,) which is the more common. (TA. [See the latter.]) : see what follows. a dial. var. of miSodagapN [q. v.]; (TA;) as also mizodagapN; (L and TA in art. zdg;) and ↓ misodagN and mizodagN signify the same [as dial. vars. of miSodagN]. (TA.) sdf , (M, TA,) inf. n. tasodiyfN, (TA,) He cut it in pieces; namely, a camel's hump. (M, TA.) It (the night) became dark; (S, M, K;) accord. to some, after the jinoH [app. as meaning the first part thereof; or about the half; or a great, or the greater, part]: (M:) or let down its curtains, and became dark: and Azdf and Asdf signify the same. (AO, TA.) ― -b2- And Asdf Alqawomu The people, or party, entered upon the [period of the night called] sudofap. (M.) ― -b3- And Asdf He slept; (AA, K, TA;) as also Azdf. (AA, TA.) ― -b4- And (tropical:) His eyes became dark by reason of hunger or age: (K, TA:) said of a man. (TA.) ― -b5- Also, said of the daybreak, or dawn, It shone: (S, K, TA:) [thus,] as AO says, it has two contr. significations. (TA.) ― -b6- And He lighted the lamp: (K:) or one says, in the dial. of Hawázin, A^asodifuwA, i. e. A^asorijuwA [Light ye a lamp, or with a lamp]; from Als~iraAju: (S, TA:) or one says in that dial., A^asodafuwA lanaA, i. e. A^asorajuwA [They lighted for us a lamp, or with a lamp]. (M.) ― -b7- Also He moved away or aside [in order that the light might enter a place]. (K.) When a man is standing at a door or an entrance, one says to him, A^asodifo, i. e. Move thou away or aside from the door, or entrance, in order that the chamber, or tent, may become light. (AA, TA. [See also the last sentence of this paragraph.]) ― -b8- [In all of these senses, perhaps excepting one, it is intrans.: in others, trans.] -A2- You say of a woman, Asdft AlqinaAEa, (S, TA,) and AlHijaAba, (TA,) She let down [the head-covering, and the veil, or curtain]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And Asdf Als~itora He raised [the veil, or curtain]. (K.) ― -b3- One says also, A^asodifi AlbaAba Open thou the door, or entrance, in order that the chamber, or tent, may become light. (S.) : see sudofapN, in three places. ― -b2- Also The night. (S, TA.) ― -b3- And The daybreak, or dawn: (AA, S, K:) and the advent thereof: (Fr, S, K:) and the whiteness of day. (TA.) -A2- Also A ewe: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) or such as has a blackness like that of night. (TA.) ― -b2- And sadafo sadafo is A call to the ewe to be milked. (K.) : see the next paragraph. and ↓ sadofapN i. q. ↓ sadafN, (As, S, M, K,) as meaning The darkness, (As, S, K,) in the dial. of Nejd, (As, S,) or of Temeem; (K;) or as meaning the darkness of night; or, as some say, after the jinoH [which here app. means the first part of the night; or about the half; or a great, or the greater, part]: (M:) and also as meaning the light, (As, S, K, and M in explanation of the first word,) in the dial. of others, (As, S,) or of Keys: (K:) thus having two contr. significations; (S, K;) or the darkness and the light are called by one and the same name because each of them comes upon the other: (K:) or the first, (S, M, K,) and second, (K,) the commingling of the light and the darkness, (S, M, K,) as in the time between the rising of the dawn, (S,) or as in the time between the prayer of the dawn, (M,) and that when the sun becomes white, (S, M,) accord. to some, as is said by A 'Obeyd; (S;) or, as 'Omárah says, the first signifies darkness in which is light, of the former part of the night and of the latter part thereof, between the redness after sunset and the darkness and between the dawn and the prayer [of the dawn]; And Az says that this is the correct explanation: (TA:) and the first and second, a portion of the night: (M, K:) or the first, a remaining portion of the night: (Ibn- Habeeb, TA:) or the first of five divisions of the night: (TA in art. xdr: see xudorapN, voce xadarN:) and the first, (K, TA,) i. e. with damm, (TA,) or the second, (CK,) as also ↓ sadafN, the blackness of night: (K:) the pl. of the first is sudafN; as in the saying of 'Alee, ka$afotu Eanohumo sudafa All~ayoli I removed from over them the darknesses of night: (TA:) and the pl. of ↓ sadafN is A^asodaAfN. (M, TA.) You say also, raA^ayotu sudofapa $axoSihi mino buEodK (tropical:) I saw the blackness of his body, or form, from a distance. (TA.) -A2- Also the first, A door, or an entrance: (M, K:) or its sud~ap [i. e. vestibule, or porch, &c.]: (K:) and a sort of covering over a door to protect it from the rain. (K, * TA.) [a pl. of which the sing. is app. sadafN, like $adafN,] The corporeal forms or figures or substances of men or other things which one sees from a distance: (K:) accord. to Sgh, (TA,) correctly with $: (K, TA:) but the truth is, that they are two dial. vars. (TA.) A camel's hump: (S:) or a camel's hump cut into pieces: (M, TA:) or pieces [or slices] of a camel's hump: (Ham p. 258:) or the fat of a camel's hump: (M, K, and Ham p. 257:) [or a very fat hump of a camel: (Freytag, from the Deewán of Jereer:)] pl. sadaAy^ifu and sidaAfN. (TA.) A veil, or covering; a thing that veils, conceals, covers, or protects: whence the saying of Umm-Selemeh to 'Áïsheh, (O, K, TA,) when she desired to go forth to El-Basrah, (TA,) qado waj~ahoti sidaAfatahu i. e. hatakoti Als~itora i. e. A^axa*oti wajohahaA [i. e. wajoha sidaAfatihi (JM in art. wjh) Thou hast rent open his veil, or covering, meaning the Prophet's, as is shown in the TA]: (O, K, TA:) or thou hast removed his veil, or covering: (O, TA:) or thou hast removed his veil, or covering, from its place, to which thou wast commanded to keep, and hast placed it before thee: (O, K, TA:) but the saying is also related otherwise, i. e. waj~ahoti sijaAfatahu, mentioned before [in art. sjf]. (TA.) One says also, waj~aha fulaAnN sidaAfatahu, meaning Such a one quitted his veil, or covering, and came forth from [behind] it. (TA.) , as an epithet applied to night, Dark, (M, [as also musodifN,]) or black. (K.) Dark: [like A^asodafu:] and also light: having two contr. significations. (M, TA.) ― -b2- And Entering upon the [period called] sudofap. (TA.). A camel's hump cut into pieces [or slices]. (M.) A veil, or curtain, let down. (TA.) sdl , aor. , (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and , (M, K,) inf. n. sadolN, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) He let it loose, let it down, lowered it, or let it fall; (S, M, K;) namely, his garment, (S, M,) and hair, (Fr, M, K,) and a veil, or curtain; (M;) and sadanahu signifies the same; (Fr, TA;) as also ↓ Asdlhu; (M, K;) or this latter is a mistake; (Mgh; [but this the author asserts because, he says, he had searched through books without finding it except in the “ Nahj-el-Balághah; ”]) not allowable; (Msb;) and the former signifies he let it down, or let it fall, namely, the garment, without drawing together its two sides: (Mgh, Msb:) or, as some say, he threw it upon his head, and let it loose, let it down, or let it fall, upon his shoulders: (Mgh:) and he let it down, or let it fall, namely, hair, not maEoquwf [i. e. made recurvate at the extremities], nor tied in knots: (Lth, TA:) and one says also, yazodulu vawobahu, changing the s into z. (Sb, M.) The sadol that is forbidden in prayer is The letting down one's garment without drawing together its two sides: or the enveloping oneself with his garment, and putting his arms within, and bowing the head and body, and prostrating oneself, in that state; as the Jews used to do; and this applies uniformly to the shirt and other garments: or the putting the middle of the A_izaAr [or waist-wrapper] upon the head, and letting fall its two ends upon one's right and left, without making it to be upon his two shoulder-blades. (TA.) sadala EimaAmatahu bayona katifayohi is said in a trad. [as meaning He made the end of his turban to hang down between his two shoulder-blades]. (Mgh.) And one says also, $aEarahu EalaY ↓ sd~l EaAtiqayohi waEunuqihi, [meaning He let his hair fall down abundant and long upon his shoulders and his neck,] inf. n. tasodiylN. (ISh, TA. [See its pass. part. n., voce munosadilN.]) ― -b2- Also, aor. , (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He slit it, or rent it; namely, his garment. (M, K.) ― -b3- And sadala fiY AlbilaAdi, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He went away into the countries, or provinces. (O, K.) see 1, last sentence but two. see 1, first sentence. see the next paragraph. [and accord. to Freytag ↓ tsd~l also, but he names no authority for this, and I have not found it in any MS. lexicon, but it is agreeable with analogy as quasi-pass. of 2,] It was let loose, let down, lowered, or let fall; said of hair [&c.]. (MA, KL.) ― -b2- And Ansdl yaEuduw He was somewhat quick, or made some haste, running; like Ansdr; the r and l being app. interchangeable. (Har p. 576.) He (a man) had long mustaches, (IAar, TA,) or he had a long mustache. (As, K.) and ↓ sidolN [the former written in a copy of the M sadol, but said in the K to be with damm,] A veil, or curtain: pl. [of mult.] suduwlN and [of pauc.] A^asodaAlN (M, K) and A^asodulN. (K.) In a verse of Homeyd Ibn-Thowr, as it is related by Yaakoob, Als~uduwl is used as a sing., because it is of a measure which is [in some instances] that of a sing., such as Als~uduws, meaning a sort of garment: but others relate it differently, saying Als~adiyl, which is correctly a sing. (M.) [See also sidonN.] A string of gems or jewels: (S:) or a string of pearls or large pearls, reaching to the breast: (M, K:) pl. suduwlN. (S.) ― -b2- See also sudolN. An inclining. (M, K.) [See A^asodalu.] , of the measure fiEil~aY, an arabicized word, originally, in Pers., siho dilaho [“ three-hearted ”], as though it were three chambers in one chamber (kaA^an~ahu valAavapu buyuwtK fiY bayotK), like the HaAriY~ bikum~ayoni [i. e., I suppose, “ like the garment of El-Heereh with two sleeves; ” app. meaning that it signifies An oblong chamber with a wide and deep recess on either hand at, or near, one extremity thereof; so that its ground-plan resembles an expanded garment with a pair of very wide sleeves: in the present day, it is commonly applied to a single recess of the kind above mentioned, the floor of which is elevated about half a foot or somewhat more or less above the floor of the main chamber, and which has a mattress and cushions laid against one or two or each of its three sides]. (S.) [Golius explains it, as on the authority of the S, (in which is nothing relating to it but what I have given above,) thus: Pers. siydalaho seu sidaraho, i. q. sud~arN.] The thing [or hanging] that is let down, or suspended, upon the [kind of camel-vehicle for women called] hawodaj: (S, O, K:) pl. [of mult.] suduwlN and sadaAy^ilu and [of pauc.] A^asodaAlN: (S, O:) the first of which pls. is expl. by As as meaning the pieces of cloth with which the hwdj is covered; as also suduwnN. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A thing [app. a hanging or curtain] that is extended across, or sideways, (yuEar~aDu,) in the space from side to side of the [tent called] xibaA=' (fiY saEapi AlxibaA='i): and (some say, M) the curtain of the Hajalap [or bridal canopy, &c.,] of a woman: (M, K:) pls. as above. (TA.) , or samanodalN, (accord. to different copies of the S,) A certain bird, that eats [the poisonous plant called] biy$ [generally applied to the common wolf's-bane, aconitum napellus]: on the authority of El-Jáhidh. (S.) [See also art. smndl.] The mustache. (S, IAar, K.) You say, TaAla sawodaluhu, (As, K,) or sawodalaAhu, (IAar,) His mustache, or mustaches, became long. (As, IAar, K.) An inclining penis: (M, K:) pl. [by rule sudolN, but it is said to be] sudulN, i. e. like kutubN. (K.) and musad~alN: see what follows. Hair let loose, let down, lowered, or let fall: (S:) or lank, or long, and pendent; (M, K;) as also ↓ musodalN: (TA:) or abundant and long, (Lth, TA,) and so ↓ musad~alN, (ISh, TA,) falling upon the back. (Lth, TA.) sdm , (S, M, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. sadamN, (S, M, K,) He repented and grieved: (S:) or he was, or became, affected with anxiety: or with anxiety together with repentance: or with wrath, or rage, together with grief. (M, K.) [Hence,] one says, maA lahu ham~N walaA sadamN A_il~aA *aAka [He has no object of anxiety nor of repentance and grief except that: or this saying may be from what next follows]. (S.) ― -b2- sadima biAl$~aYo'i, aor. and inf. n. as above, He desired the thing vehemently, eagerly, greedily, very greedily, or excessively; hankered after it, or coveted it; and he was, or became, devoted, addicted, or attached, to it: (TK:) [but these meanings of the verb are perhaps only inferred from the saying that] Als~adamu is syn. with AlHiroSu: and All~ahaju biAl$~aYo'i, (M, K, [in the CK All~ahoju,]) and AlwuluwEu. (TA.) Hence the trad., mano kaAnati Ald~unoyaA ham~ahu wasadamahu jaEala A@ll~`hu faqorahu bayona Eayonayohi [To whomsoever the present state of existence is the object of his anxiety and of his eager desire &c., God places his poverty before his eyes]. (TA.) -A2- And sdm, [i. e. sadima, as is indicated by the form of the part. n. sadimN, and by sadamN as an inf. n. used in the sense of that part. n.,] said of water, It became altered [for the worse] by reason of long standing, and overspread with [the green substance termed] TuHolub, and choked with dust and other things that had fallen into it. (A, TA.) -A3- [And sadima said of a stallion, He was withheld from covering: so in the Deewán of Jereer, accord. to Freytag: it is said of a stallion-camel: see sadimN.] -A4- sadama AlmaA='a Tuwlu AlEahodi biAl$~aAribapi [The length of time that had elapsed since the coming thereto of the drinkers] altered the water [for the worse]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And sadama AlbaAba He shut, or closed, the door; syn. rad~ahu; (IAar, M, TA;) in the K, erroneously, radamahu: and so saTamahu. (TA.) -A5- See also sadiymN. [inf. n. of sd~m] The binding, or closing, the mouth of a camel [with a muzzle; i. e. the muzzling of a camel: see the pass. part. n., below]. (KL.) , said of water, It was prevented from flowing by dust and wind: so in the Deewán of Jereer, accord. to Freytag.] The galls, or sores, on the back of the camel became healed. (K, TA.) , as a sing. epithet: see sadimN, last sentence. It is also a pl. of saduwmN. (M, TA.) inf. n. of sadima. (S, M, K. [See 1, first four sentences.]) ― -b2- See also sadimN, in two places. : see the latter half of the next paragraph. [is a part. n. of sadima: and is also app. used as an imitative sequent to nadimN]. You say [sadimN and] ↓ saAdimN and ↓ sadomaAnu (M, K, TA) meaning Repenting and grieving: (TA:) or affected with anxiety: or with anxiety together with repentance: or with wrath, or rage, together with grief: (M, K, TA:) and sadimN nadimN, in which one is used as an imitative sequent to the other; and naAdimN ↓ saAdimN, and nadomaAnu ↓ sadomaAnu, [app. in like manner,] Als~adamu being seldom used without Aln~adamu: (TA:) or [nadimN sadimN, and] ↓ naAdimN saAdimN, and ↓ nadomaAnu sadomaAnu; in which one is said to be an imitative sequent to the other: (S:) or, accord. to IAmb, ↓saAdimN in the phrase rajulN saAdimN naAdimN means, as some say, altered [for the worse] in intellect in consequence of grief; from maA='N sudumN, i. e. “ water that has become altered [for the worse]: ” or, as others say, grieving, not able to go nor to come. (TA.) You say also rajulN sadimN A man affected with wrath, or rage. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And EaA$iqN sadimN Affected with amorous, or passionate, desire, in a vehement degree. (AO, K.) ― -b3- And in like manner, (TA,) faHolN sadimN (S, M, K) and ↓ sadamN [which is an inf. n. used as an epithet] and ↓ masoduwmN and ↓ musad~amN (M, K) A stallion [camel] excited by lust for the female: (S, M, K:) or one that is sent among the she-camels, and that brays amidst them, and, when they have become excited by lust, is taken forth from them, because what he begets is disesteemed; (M, K, TA;) therefore, when he is excited by lust, he is shackled, and pastures around the dwelling; and if he attacks the she-camels, he is muzzled: (TA:) or one that is in any manner debarred from covering; (K;) or the last two epithets have this last signification. (M.) ― -b4- And naAqapN sadimapN An old and weak she-camel. (AO, (TA.) -A2- maA='N sadimN and ↓ sadamN and ↓ sudumN (M, K) and ↓ sadumN (K) and ↓ saduwmN (M, TA) and ↓ suduwmN and ↓ sadiymN (TA) i. q. munodafinN [i. e. Water filled up, stopped up, or choked up, with earth or dust; or into which the dust has been swept by the wind]: (M: [in the K and TA, erroneously, munodafiqN:]) pl. A^asodaAmN [a pl. of pauc.] and sidaAmN [a pl. of mult.]; or the sing. and pl. are alike; (M, K;) [i. e.] you say maA='N A^asodaAmN and sidaAmN, applying pl. epithets to a sing. noun; (Z, TA;) as well as miyaAhN A^asodaAmN (IAmb, TA, and Ham p. 102) and sidaAmN (IAmb, TA) meaning waters altered [for the worse] (IAmb, TA, and Ham ubi suprà) in consequence of long standing, and so sudumN: (Ham:) this last is pl. of ↓ saduwmN, as also sudomN: (M, TA:) [and each of these two is also used as a sing.; i. e.] you say also ↓ rakiy~apN sudomN and ↓ sudumN meaning a well filled up, stopped up, or choked up, with earth or dust; or into which the dust has been swept by the wind: (S, K, TA: [in the CK, munodafiqapN is erroneously put for munodafinapN:]) or into which varieties of small rubbish, and dust, or small pebbles, whirled round by the wind, have fallen, so that it is nearly choked up: (Lth, TA:) and ↓ maA='N sudumN is expl. as meaning water that has become altered [for the worse]: (IAmb, TA:) ↓ musad~amN, also, applied to water, signifies the same as sadimN; (M, K;) and so does ↓ masoduwmN: (TA:) [or ↓ the former of these, so applied, prevented from flowing by dust and wind. (Freytag, from the Deewán of Jereer.)] , as a sing. epithet: see the latter half of the next preceding paragraph, in three places. It is also a pl. of saduwmN. (M, TA.) : see sadimN, second sentence, in three places. and suduwmN: see sadimN, in the latter half of the paragraph; the former word, in two places. : see sadimN, in the latter half of the para- graph. -A2- Also Mist; syn. DabaAbN: or such as is thin. (M, K.) -A3- And i. q. kaviyru Al*~ikori (K) [app. as meaning Remembering God, or celebrating Him, much, or frequently: for SM adds], hence the saying, laA ya*okuruwna A@ll~`ha A_il~aA sadomaA [app. They remember not, or celebrate not, God, otherwise than doing so much, or frequently: from which it seems that one says, A@ll~`ha ↓ sadama, inf. n. sadomN, meaning He remembered, or celebrated, God, &c.]. (TA.) -A4- And i. q. taEabN [Fatigue: but I incline to think that this explanation is a mistranscription]. (TA.) : see sadimN, second sentence, in four places. : see sadimN, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b2- Also A camel left to pasture by itself (K, TA) around the dwelling. (TA.) ― -b3- And A [camel of generous race, such as is termed] faniyq having a muzzle put upon his mouth. (S.) ― -b4- And A camel having galls, or sores, upon his back, and therefore exempted from the saddle until his galls, or sores, have become healed. (K.) -A2- See also sadimN, last sentence, in two places. : see sadimN, in the former half of the paragraph: -A2- and again in the last sentence. ― -b2- Also A door shut, or closed. (TA.) sdn , (S, L, K,) aor. , (S, L,) inf. n. sadonN and sidaAnapN, [or the latter, accord. to the Msb, seems to be a simple subst.,] He acted as minister, or servant, of the Kaabeh, and [so in the S and L, but in the K “ or ”] of the temple of idols; (S, L, K;) and performed the office of doorkeeper, or chamberlain. (K.) [And] sadana AlkaEobapa. aor. , inf. n. sadonN, has the former meaning. (Msb.) A 'Obeyd says, (L,) sidaAnapu AlkaEobapi signifies The ministry, or service, of the Kaabeh, (Mgh, L,) and the superintendence thereof, and the opening and locking of its door. (L.) The sidaAnap and the liwaA=' [q. v.] belonged to [the family named] Benoo-'Abd-ed-Dár in the Time of Ignorance, and the Prophet confirmed it to them in El-Islám: (S, L:) [in the first age of ElIslám,] the sdAnp of the Kaabeh belonged to the sons of 'Othmán Ibn-Talhah [of the family of Benoo-'Abd-ed-Dár]. (Mgh.) Als~idaAnapu signifies [also (L)] AlHijaAbapu [which seems to be properly a subst., meaning The office of door-keeper, or chamberlain, but here seems, from the context, to be used as an inf. n., meaning the performing that office]: you say, sadanahu, aor. as above, [app. meaning He acted as door-keeper, or chamberlain, to it, namely a temple, or for him:] (M, L:) or sadanahu, inf. n. sidaAnapN, signifies he served it, or him. (MA.) -A2- sadana vawobahu, (S, L, K,) and Als~itora, (S, L,) aor. and , (K,) He (a man, S, L) let down, or lowered, his garment, (S, L, K,) and the curtain, or veil, (S, L,) and Al$~aEarD the hair; like sadalahu [which is held by some to be the original, the n being held by them to be a substitute for l: see sidonN]. (Fr, TA in art. sdl.) : see what next follows, in two places. , (L, Msb,) or ↓ sadonN, (so in a copy of the M,) or ↓ sadanN, and ↓ sadaAnN, (K,) as also ↓ sadiynN, (AA, L, K,) A curtain, or veil: (AA, M, L, Msb, K:) [like sidolN and sudolN:] pl. of the first (L) or second (M) [and app. of the last also, like as A^asodaAlN is pl. of sidolN or sudolN and also of sadiylN,] A^asodaAnN; in which the n is said by some to be a substitute for l: (M, L:) or A^asodaAnN is a dial. var. of A^asodaAlN signifying the suduwl of the [kind of camel-vehicles for women called] hawaAdij; (S, L;) [i. e.,] accord. to ISk, it signifies the pieces of cloth with which the hawodaj is covered; (L;) as also suduwnN; (As, TA voce sadiylN;) and its sing. is [sadiynN, like sadiylN, or] ↓ sadonN. (L. [The last word is there thus written, in this instance, with fet-h.]) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see the next preceding paragraph. : see sidonN. ― -b2- Also Fat, as a subst. (AA, L, K.) ― -b3- And Blood. (K.) ― -b4- And Wool. (K.) Ministry, or service. (Msb.) [And particularly The ministry, or service, and superintendence, of a temple of idols; and afterwards, of the Kaabeh: see 1.] A minister, or servant, of the Kaabeh, (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) and [so in the S and L, but in the K “ or ”] of the temple of idols; (S, L, K;) and one who performs the office of doorkeeper, or chamberlain: (K:) pl. sadanapN: (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K:) or sadanapN signifies the doorkeepers, or chamberlains, (Huj~aAb, [pl. of HaAjib,]) of the House [of God, i. e. the Kaabeh]; and the intendants of the idols in the Time of Ignorance; the latter being the primary application: (M, L:) but IB says that there is this difference between the saAdin and the HaAjib; that the latter precludes, and his license to do so belongs to another; whereas the sAdn precludes, and his license to do so belongs to himself. (L.) sdw and sdY , (M,) or biyadihi, (K,) [aor. yasoduw,] inf. n. sadowN, (S, M, K,) He stretched forth (S, M, K) his arms or hands, or, as when said of a camel, his fore legs, (M,) or his arm or hand, or his fore leg, (S, K, TA,) A_ilayohi [towards him or it], (CK,) or naHowa Al$~aYo'i [towards the thing], like as do camels (kamaA tasoduw AlA_ibilu) in their going along; (TA;) as also ↓ AstdY, (M, K, TA,) in [some of] the copies of the K AsdY, but the former is the right. (TA.) You say of a man, sadaA, aor. yasoduw, He stretched forth his arm, or hand, towards a thing: and of a camel, sadaA, inf. n. sadowN, he stretched forth his fore leg in going along: (Msb:) or of a she-camel, sadato, (S, K,) aor. tasoduw, inf. n. sadowN, (S,) she went with wide steps; (K;) or she stretched forth her arms in going along, and went with wide steps: and maA A^aHosana sadowa rijolayohaA waA^atowa yadayohaA [How good, or beautiful, is her stretching forth of her hind legs, and her returning of her fore legs in her going!]. (S.) See also sataY. ― -b2- sadaA, (M,) or yasoduw, (S,) ka*aA ↓ sadowa, (S, M,) He went, (M,) or he goes, (S,) towards, or in the direction of, such a thing; (S, M;) said of a man. (S.) ― -b3- sadowN also signifies The going at random, heedlessly, or in a headlong manner, without consideration, or without any certain aim, or object, not obeying a guide to the right course, in journeying; (S, M;) said in relation to camels and horses. (M.) ― -b4- Hence, (M,) sadaA biAljawoz, (K,) aor. yasoduw, (TA,) inf. n. sadowN, (M, TA,) He (a boy, or child,) played with walnuts, (M, K, TA,) throwing them into a hole; (TA;) a dial. var. of zadaA; (K;) or, accord. to the T, the latter is of the dial. of children; (TA;) as also ↓ AstdY, (M, K, TA,) in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, AsdY. (TA.) See also midoHaApN, in art. dHw. -A2- See also 5. -A3- sadiyati AalA^aroDu The land was, or became, moistened by much dew, (S, Msb,) either from the sky or from the ground. (S.) And sadiyati All~ayolapu The night was, or became, moist with much dew. (M, * TA.) ― -b2- sadiYa Albusoru, (S, K,) or AlbalaHu, (M,) inf. n. sadFY; (TA;) and ↓ A^asodaY; (M;) The dates in the state in which they are termed blH, or blH, [see these words,] were, or became, lax in their vafaAriyq [or bases, so as to be easily detached therefrom], (S, M, K,) and moist. (M.) see 4, first three sentences, in four places. ― -b2- [Hence,] one says of honey, yusad~iyhi Aln~aHolu (assumed tropical:) [The bees make, prepare, or produce, it]. (M.) ― -b3- See 4, again, in two places. -A2- See also 5. , (S, Msb, K,) and AstAhu; (S;) as also ↓ sd~Ahu, (K,) inf. n. tasodiyapN; (TA;) and ↓ tsd~Ahu; (K;) He set, or disposed, the warp (Als~adaY) of the garment, or piece of cloth; (S, * Msb, K, * TA;) he made a warp (sadFY) in the garment, or piece of cloth: (Har p. 241:) or ↓ sd~Ahu means he did so for another; and ↓ tsd~Ahu, he did so for himself. (M, TA.) [Golius explains ↓ sd~Y as signifying also “ Oblivit telam viscosiore aquâ, ut cui mistus fuerit panis, quod fit roboris conciliandi ergo; ” as on the authority of the KL; in my copy of which I find only its inf. n., tasodiyapN, expl. as meaning the weaver's making a warp in a garment, or piece of cloth (tAr drjAmh krdn jwlAh): and Freytag adds, as a signification assigned to the same verb by Jac. Schultens, “ Cirris s. fimbriis ornavit vestem. ”] ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, AlA^umuwra wayuniyruhaA ↓ huwa yusad~iY (A in art. nyr) or yusodiY (TA in that art.) [meaning (assumed tropical:) He commences things, or affairs, and completes them]. And A^aloHimo maA A^asodayota (assumed tropical:) Complete what thou hast commenced (S and K in art. lHm) of beneficence. (S in that art.) ― -b3- Hence also, AsdY bayonahumo HadiyvFA i. q. nasajahu [i. e. (tropical:) He wove, or composed, or he forged, a discourse between them]. (M, TA.) ― -b4- And AsdY bayonahumaA i. q. A^aSolaHa [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He effected a rectification of affairs, an agreement, a harmony, or a reconciliation, between them two]. (AA, Az, K.) ― -b5- And AsdY A_ilayohi (assumed tropical:) He did a benefit to him; as also ↓ sd~Y, inf. n. tasodiyapN: (K:) or AsdY A_ilayohi sadFY, and Ealayohi ↓ sd~Ahu, (M, TA, [thus in the latter case, Elyh, not Alyh,]) or AsdY A_ilayohi maEozuwfFA, (Msb,) he did to him, or conferred upon him, a benefit, benefaction, favour, or the like: (M, * Msb, TA:) [app. from AsdY Alv~awoba, and sd~Ahu; and accordingly mentioned in the M in art. sdY: or] it is from sdY [or rather sadaA, inf. n. sadowN,] as meaning “ he (a camel) put forward his fore legs in going along; ” for he of whom one says A^asodaAka xayorFA [he did to thee good, like A^asodaY A_ilayoka xayorFA,] is as though he stretched forth to the his arm, or hand, therewith, advancing: (Ham p. 696:) you say, AsdY niEomapF, meaning AiSoTanoE [i. e. he did a benefit, &c.]. (Idem p. 759.) ― -b6- You say also, Talabotu A^amorFA faA^asodayotuhu i. e. (assumed tropical:) [I sought a thing, and] I attained it, or obtained it: [as though meaning I stretched forth my hand to it and reached it:] if you do not attain it, or obtain it, you say, A^aEomasotuhu: (S:) or A_isodaA='N signifies the attaining quickly. (KL. [There expl. by the words zwd dryAftn: for which Golius seems to have found in his copy zwd rftn; for he has assigned to AsdY, as on the authority of the KL, the meaning of cito incessit.]) -A2- AsdAhu also signifies He left, let alone, or neglected, him, or it: (K:) he left him to himself, uncontrolled, (M, Msb,) neither commanded nor forbidden. (M.) And you say, A^asodayotu A_ibiliY, (AZ, T, S,) inf. n. A_isodaA='N, (AZ, T,) I left my camels to pasture by themselves. (AZ, T, S.) -A3- AsdY AlbalaHu: see 1, last sentence. ― -b2- AsdY Aln~axolu The palm-trees had dates such as are termed sadK. (As, T, S, K.) : see 4, first sentence, in two places. -A2- Also He mounted it, or mounted upon it; (M, K;) he was, or became, or got, upon it; (S, M, K;) syn. rakibahu, (M, K,) and EalaAhu; (S, M, K;) namely, a thing. (M.) A poet says, (S, TA,) namely, Imra-el-Keys, (TA,) favawobFA nasiytu wavawobFA A^ajuro falam~aA danawotu tasad~ayotuhaA [And when I drew near, I got upon her, and a garment I forgot, or neglected, and a garment I was dragging upon the ground: A^ajuro being for A^ajur~u]. (S, TA.) And sdY jaAriyatahu [or ↓ sadaA (for tsd~Ahu meaning as expl. above is mentioned in the M in art. sdw), or it may be ↓ sd~Y] signifies [in like manner] EalaAhaA. (TA.) ― -b2- And He followed him, (K, TA,) and overtook him. (TA.) ― -b3- And He overcame, or overpowered, him; namely, a man. (TA.) And He conquered, or mastered, it; namely, an affair. (TA.) : see 1, in two places. -A2- Also, said of a horse, He sweated. (K.) inf. n. of sadaA. (S, M, K.) Hence, sadaA sadowa ka*A or yasoduw sadowa ka*aA: see 1. And xaTaba AlA^amiyru famaA zaAla EalaY sadowK waAHidK i. e. [The prince, or commander, recited an oration, or a harangue, &c., and ceased not to keep to] one proserhyme. (M.) of a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, M, K, &c.,) The warp; (MA, KL;) contr. of luHomapN; (S, M, Msb;) i. e. (Msb [in the M “ and it is said to mean ”]) the portion [or threads] thereof extended longitudinally (M, * Msb, K *) in the weaving: (Msb:) and it is said to mean the lower, or lowest, part thereof: (M: [but this is a strange explanation, which I do not find elsewhere:]) it is [said to be] from Als~adowu [inf. n. of sadaA] signifying “ the stretching forth the arm, or hand, or the fore leg, towards a thing: ” (Har p. 241: [but it is mentioned in the M as belonging to art. sdY; and its dual, mentioned below, requires its being so:]) and ↓ A^asodiY~N, (M, K,) also [and more commonly] written ↓ A^usodiY~N, (K,) signifies the same; (M, K;) as also ↓ sadaApN; (S, K;) or this last is the n. un. of sadFY, (M, TA,) having a more special signification, (Msb, TA,) [as though meaning a warp, or a sort of warp; or the luHomapN may be affixed for the purpose of assimilating the word to its contr. sadFY, with which it is often coupled:] the dual [of sadFY] is sadayaAni: (S, Msb, TA:) and the pl. is A^asodiyapN (accord. to the S) or A^asodaA='N. (Msb.) ↓ maA A^anota biluHomapK walaA sadaApK [lit. Thou art neither a woof nor a warp] is said to him who neither harms nor profits. (TA. [See also satFY.]) ― -b2- Hence, as being likened thereto, (M, [see 2, second sentence,]) (tropical:) Honey in its comb; syn. $uhodN or $ahodN. (M, K, TA.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) A benefit, benefaction, favour, or the like. (S, M, K, TA. [See also the next two sentences.]) ― -b4- The nightdew; (S, M, Msb, K;) by means of which seedproduce lives: (S, * Msb:) or, as some say, sadFY and nadFY are syn. [and both applied to dew in an absolute sense]: and the pl. is A^asodaA='N. (M.) ― -b5- And (tropical:) Liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity; as being likened thereto; and so nadFY. (S in art. ndw and ndY.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce riqobapN.] -A2- Green dates, (M, K,) with their $amaAriyx [or fruit-stalks]; (M;) as also ↓ sadaA='N; (M, K;) of the dial of El-Yemen: n. un. ↓ sadaApN and ↓ sadaA='apN, (M, TA,) on the authority of AA, and of Sh also, who says that they are of the dial. of El-Medeeneh. (TA.) [See also the last sentence of the next paragraph: and see sayaAbN.] -A3- Also sometimes used in the sense of sudFY. (S, K.) See this latter word. [originally sadiYN] Moist; applied in this sense to anything. (AHn, M.) ― -b2- And [particularly] Moist with dew, [or with night-dew, or with much thereof,] applied to a place. (M.) And you say A^aroDN sadiyapN A land moist with much night-dew. (S, Msb.) And layolapN sadiyapN A night moist with much dew: (M, * TA:) the epithet [sadK] is seldom applied to a day. (M, TA.) ― -b3- And balaHN sadK Dates in the state in which they are termed balaH, (S, M, K,) accord. to As, when they have fallen, (T, TA,) that have become lax in their vafaAriyq [or bases, so as to be easily detached therefrom], (As, T, S, M, K,) and moist: (As, T, M:) one thereof [i. e. a balaHap] is termed sadiyapN: (As, T, TA:) the vuforuwq is the qimaE of the busorap [or balaHap]. (TA.) You say also basorN sadK; and busorapN sadiyapN, which is the same as ↓ sadaApN [expl. above, voce sadFY]. (S.) and ↓ sadFY, (S, M, K,) the former the more common, (S, K,) used alike as sing. and pl., (S, * M, K,) Left, let alone, or neglected; or left to pasture by itself or by themselves; (S, M, K;) applied to a camel, (K, TA,) and to camels: (S, K, TA:) you say naAqapN sudFY (TA) and A_ibilN sudFY: (S, TA:) and ↓ saAdK signifies the same [as a sing. epithet]. (M, K.) A^ayaHosabu A@loA_inosaAnu A^ano yutoraka sudFY, in the Kur [lxxv. 36], means Doth man think that he is to be left to himself, uncontrolled, neither commanded nor forbidden? (M.) : see sadFY, in three places: and see also sadK. : see sadFY, last sentence but two. : see sadFY, last sentence but two. A she-camel that stretches forth, and flings out, her fore legs in going along. (M.) [See also saAdK.] The pomegranate of Als~uday~aA, a town near Zebeed. (K.) Stretching forth the arms, or fore legs, in going along, (M, * TA,) and wide in step; (TA;) applied to a camel: (M, TA:) and so sawaAdK, [pl. of the fem. saAdiyapN,] applied to she-camels: (S, K, * TA:) [see also saduw~N:] or, accord. to the T, the Arabs apply the term sawaAdK as a name for the fore legs of camels, because of their stretching them forth in going along; and then as a name for the camels themselves. (TA.) And saAdK signifies also Good in pace or going; applied to a camel; and so zaAdK. (TA.) ― -b2- See also sudFY. -A2- Als~aAdiY is also used for Als~aAdisu; (S, K, TA;) the s being changed into Y. (TA.) One says, jaA='a fulaAnN saAdisFA and saAdiyFA [Such a one came sixth]. (ISk, S voce saAt~N, q. v.) and A^asodiY~N: see sadFY ― -b2- The former also signifies vawobN musad~FY [like A^usotiY~N: see this last word, voce satFY]. (AHeyth, K.) [ A weaver's yarn-beam, or roller; i. e., as expl. by Golius, on the authority of Meyd, the implement on which the weaver rolls the warp.] : see midoHaApN, in art. dHw. s*b A bag, or other receptacle, for travellingprovisions or for goods or utensils &c.; syn. wiEaA='N. (K.) , said to be an arabicized word, because [it is asserted that] s and * are not combined in any Arabic word; [and if so, su*obapN also, men- tioned above, is arabicized;] but in some of the books on plants it is written with the unpointed d; (TA;) i. q. fayojanN, (K,) which is an ancient Greek word, (TA,) [i. e. πήγανο, meaning Rue;] a well-known baqol [or kind of herb], (K,) having properties described in the medical books. (TA.) A seller of sa*aAb [or rue]. (K, * TA.) s*j and saA*ijN, mentioned under this head in the O and K: see art. sA*j. sr , accord. to the TA, has two contr. significations: for it is there stated that “ one says sararotuhu meaning katamotuhu and sararotuhu meaning A^aEolanotuhu: ” and it is added that “ it will occur again soon: ” but it does not again occur in that work, nor have I found it in any other lexicon: I therefore think that it is a mistranscription, for A^asorarotuhu, first pers. of A^asar~ahu, q. v.] -A2- sar~ahu, (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. , (MS,) inf. n. masar~apN (S, O, K) and suruwrN [which latter, from the explanations of it which will be found below, seems to be generally, if not only, as an inf. n., that of sur~a,] and sur~N [which is also syn. with suruwrN in the senses assigned to the latter below] and sur~aY and tasir~apN [which last may be also an inf. n. of ↓ sr~rhu expl. by Freytag as syn. with sar~ahu in the sense here following, but without an indication of any authority], (O, K,) He, or it, rejoiced him; gladdened him; or made him happy; syn. A^aforaHahu: (Msb, K:) [or made him to experience a pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, of which there was no external sign: see suruwrN, below.] And sur~a, [inf. n. suruwrN, (see above,)] He rejoiced; was joyful, or glad; or was happy: (S, * A, * K:) [or he experienced a pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, of which there was no external sign; accord. to an explanation of suruwrN:] you say, sur~a bihi and ↓ Aisotasar~a [He rejoiced, was joyful or glad, or was happy, by reason of him, or it]. (A.) ― -b2- sar~ahu, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) also signifies He saluted him with [the offering of what are termed] Almasar~ap, i. e. the extremities of sweet-smelling plants. (K.) -A3- Also sar~ahu, (S, M,) aor. as above, inf. n. sar~N, (S,) or sir~N, (so in a copy of the M,) He cut his (a child's) sirar, or sur~, i. e. navel-string. (S, M.) And sur~a He (a child) had his navel-string cut. (K.) ― -b2- And sar~ahu, aor. as above, He pierced him, or thrust him, [with a spear or the like,] in his sur~ap [or navel]: a poet says, waA_ino A^adobaruwA fahumu mano yusabo nasur~uhumu A_ino humu A^aqobaluwA [We pierce them in the navel if they advance; and if they retreat, they are those who are pierced in the podex; yusabo being for yusab~u]. (S.) -A4- sar~a Alz~anoda, aor. as above, inf. n. sar~N, He put a piece of wood, (M, K,) or a little piece of wood, (S,) in the interior of the znd [or piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire], (M,) or in its extremity, (S, K,) inserting it in its interior, (S,) in order that he might produce fire with it. (S, M, K.) One says, sur~a zanodaka faA_in~ahu A^asar~u Fill up the interior of thy znd, that it may produce fire, (AHn, M,) for it is [worn] hollow. (S, K.) -A5- sar~a, [sec. pers. sarirota,] aor. yasar~u, (IAar, Sgh, L, K,) inf. n. sararN, remarked upon by MF as extr., [though it is agreeable with a general rule,] said of a man, (TA,) He had a complaint of the sur~ap [or navel]. (IAar, Sgh, L, K.) ― -b2- Also, aor. and inf. n. as in the next preceding case, said of a camel, He had the pain, or disorder, termed sararN [q. v.]. (IAar, M.) see 1, second sentence. -A2- sar~arotuhu in the phrase sar~arotuhu sur~iy~apF I gave him, or caused him to take, a concubine slave, doubly trans., is [said to be] changed to sar~ayotuhu for alleviation of the pronunciation. (Msb.) -A3- sr~rhu, inf. n. tasoriyrN, said of water, It reached his sur~ap [or navel]. (K.) , inf. n. musaAr~apN and siraArN, (S, M,) [He spoke, or discoursed, secretly to him or with him;] he acquainted him with a secret. (M.) You say, sAr~hu fiY A^u*unihi He spoke secretly to him in his ear. (S, * K, * TK.) And kaAna yuHad~ivuhu kaA^axiY Als~iraAri occurs in a trad., meaning He (Mohammad) used to talk to him ('Omar) in a low voice, like him who is telling a secret. (TA.) ― -b2- bayoEu Als~iraAri is The selling in which one says, “ I will put forth my hand and thou shalt put forth thy hand, and if I produce my signet-ring before thee, it is a sale for such a price; and if thou produce thy signet-ring before me, for such a price: ” if they produce together, or do not both produce, they do thus again. (Mgh.) , (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. A_isoraArN; (Msb;) [and accord. to the TA sar~ahu; but see the first sentence of this art.;] He concealed it; suppressed it; kept it secret; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) namely, a story, or the like: (A, Mgh, Msb:) and, contr., he manifested it; revealed it; published it; made it known. (S, M, Msb, K.) Both of these significations have been assigned to the verb in the phrase waA^asar~uwA A@ln~adaAmapa, in the Kur [x. 55 and xxxiv. 32]: (S:) some say, that the meaning is They will manifest repentance: Th says, they will conceal it from their chiefs: the former [says ISd] is the more correct: (M:) the former meaning is also given on the authority of AO; but Sh says, I have not heard it on the authority of any other; and Az says that the lexicologists most strongly disapprove of the saying of AO; and it is said that the meaning is, they, the chiefs of the polytheists, will conceal repentance from the lower class of their people, whom they shall have caused to err; and in like manner say Zj and the [other] expositors. (TA.) In like manner also the two contr. significations are assigned to the verb in the saying of Imra-el- Keys, [in his Mo'allakah,] lawo yusir~uwna maqotaliY, which As used to quote with $, thus, lawo yu$ir~uwna maqotaliY, meaning that they might publish, or make known, my slaughter. (S.) You say also, A^asar~a A_ilayohi HadiyvFA He revealed unto him a story (S, K) secretly. (TA.) An ex. occurs in the Kur lxvi. 3. (TA.) And A^asorarotu A_ilayohi Almawad~apa, and biAlmawad~api, I showed, or manifested, to him love, or affection. (S.) It is said in the Kur [lx. 1], tusir~uwna A_ilayohimo biA@lomawad~api, meaning, Ye reveal to them the news of the Prophet by reason of the love that is between you and them; the objective complement of the verb being suppressed: or Almwd~p may be an objective complement, the b being a redundant corroborative, as in A^axa*a AlxiTaAma and A^axa*a bihi: (Msb:) and this interpretation is correct; for A_isoraArN to a person necessarily implies revealing a secret to him and at the same time concealing it from another. (B.) ― -b2- waA^asar~uwhu biDaAEapF, in the Kur xii. 19, signifies And they concealed, or kept secret, his case, making him as an article of merchandise: (Jel:) or they conjectured in their minds that they should obtain, by selling him, merchandise. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce AirotagaY, in art. rgw.] ― -b3- Asr~ AlfaAtiHapa, and biAlfaAtiHapi, He recited the Fátihah [or First Chapter of the Kur-án] secretly, or inaudibly: (Msb:) or the latter form of expression is a mistake. (Mgh.) ― -b4- A^asorarotuhu also signifies nasabotuhu A_ilaY Als~ir~i [which may mean either I attributed it to secrecy, or, like many phrases of this kind, by inversion, I attributed to him secrecy, or mystery]. (Msb.) , (M, K,) and ↓ Astsr~, (K,) He took to himself a concubine-slave. (M, * K, * TA.) And tasar~arotu jaAriyapF, and tasar~ayotuhaA, (S,) and ↓ Aisotasar~ayotuhaA, (TA,) I took to myself a girl, or young woman, as a concubine-slave. (S, * TA.) tasar~arotuhaA is [said to be] thus changed to tasar~ayotuhaA, (T, S, Msb,) for alleviation of the pronunciation, (Msb,) on account of the three r s following one another, (T,) being like taZan~anotu and taZan~ayotu. (T, * S.) Lth says that tsr~yt is a mistake; but Az says that it is correct. (TA.) ↓ Aisotasar~aniY occurs in a trad. as signifying He took me to himself as a concubine-slave; but by rule one should say tasar~araniY, or tasar~aAniY: as to ↓ Astsr~nY, it [more properly] signifies “ He revealed to me his secret. ” (TA.) ― -b2- tasar~ara fulaAnN binota fulaAnK [as though signifying Such a one took to himself the daughter of such a one as a concubine-slave] is said when a man of low birth takes as his wife a woman or girl of high birth because of the abundance of his property and the littleness of hers. (M.) They spoke, or discoursed, secretly together; acquainted one another with secrets. (S, K.) [See also 3.] -A2- tsAr~A_ilaY *`lika (tropical:) He experienced pleasure, or delight, at that: as, for instance, at his scratching a part of his body, or pressing, or kneading, it; and at a thing disliked by another person. (A, TA.) [But I am in some doubt as to the correctness of this, and incline to think that it is a mistake for ↓ Astsr~.] He, or it, became concealed; or he, or it, concealed himself or itself: (K:) it (a thing, or an affair,) became hidden or concealed or secret: (A, Msb:) it (the moon) became concealed (S, M, A, TA) by the light of the sun, (TA,) [i. e. by its proximity to the sun,] for one night, or for two nights. (AO, S.) -A2- Astsr~hu He took extraordinary pains in concealing it, or keeping it secret. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 5, in four places. ― -b3- Aisotasar~aniY He revealed to me his secret. (TA.) -A3- See also 1; and see 6, last sentence. A man who rejoices, or gladdens, another; or makes him happy; (S, K;) [and so ↓ saAr~N:] fem. sar~apN; with which ↓ saAr~apN is syn. (Lh, M, K.) You say rajulN bar~N sar~N A man who treats with goodness and affection and gentleness, and rejoices &c., (S, K, TA,) his brethren: (TA:) pl. bar~uwna sar~uwna. (S, K.) : see suruwrN: -A2- and sir~N, last sentence but one. -A3- It is also a contraction of sururN, pl. of sariyrN. (Sb, M.) -A4- Also, and ↓ sirarN, (S, M, K,) and ↓ sararN, (S, K, in the CK surar,) The navel-string of a child; i. e. the thing that the midwife cuts off from the navel (sur~ap) of a child; (S, K;) the thing that hangs from the navel (sur~ap) of a newborn child, and that is cut off: or ↓ sirarN signifies the part that is cut off thereof, and that goes away: (M:) pl. (of sirarN, S, [or of sur~N or sararN,]) A^asir~apN, (Yaakoob, S, M, K,) which is extr. (M.) One says, Earafotu *`lika qabola A^ano yuqoTaEa sur~uka [I knew that before thy navel-string was cut]: one should not say sur~atuka; for the sur~ap is not cut. (S.) And waAHidi ↓ waladato valaAvapF fiY sararK She brought forth three [boys] consecutively, or one at the heels of another. (M.) [See also sir~N, last sentence.] A secret; a thing that is concealed, or suppressed, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) in the mind; (TA;) as also ↓ sariyrapN: (S, M, A, K:) or the former has the above-mentioned signification, and the latter signifies a secret action, whether good or evil: (Lth:) [and the former, also, a mystery:] pl. of the former, A^asoraArN; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and of the latter, saraAy^iru. (S, A, K.) It is said in a prov., maA yawomu Haliymapa bisir~K [The day of Haleemeh is not a secret]: applied to anything commonly known: alluding to Haleemeh the daughter of El-Hárith the son of Aboo-Shemir El-Ghassánee; for, when her father sent an army to El-Mundhir the son of Má-es-Semà, she took forth for the soldiers some perfume in a vessel (mirokan), and perfumed them with it. (S.) [You say also, huwa mawoDiEu sir~iY He is the depositary of my secret, or secrets.] The words of the Kur [lxxxvi. 9] ↓ yawoma tubolaY Als~araAy^iru signify In the day wherein the secret tenets and intentions shall be tried and revealed: (Jel:) or by AlsrAy^r is here meant fasting, and prayer, and alms-giving, and ablution on account of the pollution termed janaAbap. (TA.) [See also a verse cited in the third paragraph of art. ErD.] ― -b2- A thing that is revealed, appears, or is made manifest: thus it has two contrary significations. (MF.) ― -b3- Als~ir~u [for maHal~u Als~ir~i, (assumed tropical:) The heart; the mind; the recesses of the mind; the secret thoughts; the soul;] is a syn. of AlD~amiyru. (K in art. Dmr. [See also sariyrapN.]) [laA tutoEibo sir~aka (assumed tropical:) Weary not thy heart, or mind, is a common modern phrase. And one says, of a deceased holy man, qad~asa A@ll~`hu sir~ahu (assumed tropical:) May God sanctify his soul.] ― -b4- sir~N also signifies Secrecy; privacy; contr. of EalaAniyapN. (S in art. Eln.) You say sir~FA waEalaAniyapF [Secretly and openly; or privately and publickly]. (Kur ii. 275, &c.) ― -b5- Concealment. (S.) ― -b6- Suppression; contr. of A_iEolaAnN. (Msb.) [So in the phrase takal~ama sir~FA He spoke with a suppressed, or low, voice; softly.] ― -b7- [One having private knowledge of a thing. You say,] fulaAnN sir~u h`*aA AlA^amori (assumed tropical:) Such a one has [private] knowledge of this thing. (TA.) ― -b8- (tropical:) The penis (T, S, M, K) of a man: (T:) and (tropical:) the vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, of a woman. (K.) One says, AilotaqaY Als~ir~aAni (tropical:) The two pudenda met. (A.) ― -b9- (tropical:) Concubitus. (AHeyth, S, Mgh, K.) ― -b10- (tropical:) Marriage: (M, A, Msb, K:) pl. A^asoraArN. (TA.) You say, waAEadahaA sir~FA (tropical:) He promised her marriage, she promising him the same. (A.) So, accord. to some, in the Kur ii. 235. (TA.) ― -b11- (tropical:) Plain declaration of marriage: (K:) i. e., a man's offering himself in marriage to a woman during her Eid~ap: so expl. as occurring in the Kur ubi suprà: (TA:) or a man's demanding a woman in marriage during her Eid~ap. (Mujáhid.) ― -b12- (tropical:) Adultery, or fornication: (AHeyth, (K:) so, accord. to Aboo-Mijlez and El-Hasan, in the Kur ubi suprà. (TA.) Hence the saying, laA yurojaY mino waladi Als~ir~i bir~N (tropical:) One does not hope for filial piety from the offspring of adultery, or fornication. (TK.) ― -b13- (assumed tropical:) Origin; syn. A^aSolN; (M, K;) as in the phrase huwa kariymu Als~ir~i kaviyru Albir~i He is of generous origin, of much filial piety. (TK.) ― -b14- (assumed tropical:) The commencement, or first night, of a lunar month: (K, TA:) or its middle; (K;) app. meaning what are called AlA^ay~aAmu AlbiyDu: (TA:) but Az says, I know it not in this sense. (IAth.) ― -b15- (assumed tropical:) The interior of anything; its heart. (K.) Whence sir~u Al$~ahori and All~ayoli (assumed tropical:) [The middle of the lunar month and of the night]. (TA.) ― -b16- The marrow of anything. (TA.) ― -b17- (tropical:) The pure, or choice, or best, part of anything. (Fr, M, K.) You say, A^aEoTayotuka sir~ahu (tropical:) I gave thee the pure, or choice, or best, part of it. (A.) ― -b18- (tropical:) The pure, or genuine, quality of race, or lineage: (S, A, K:) its best quality: (S, K:) and the middle sort thereof; (S;) and of rank, or quality, or the like: (M:) as also ↓ saraArN and ↓ saraArapN. (M, K.) One says, huwa fiY sir~i qawomihi (tropical:) He is of the best [in race or family] of his people: (TA:) or of the middle sort of them. (S.) ― -b19- (tropical:) The low, or depressed, part of a valley: (K:) the best, (S, K,) or most fruitful, (As, M, TA,) part thereof: (As, S, M, K:) as also ↓ saraArN (M, K) and ↓ saraArapN (As, S, M, K) and ↓ sur~apN: (M, K:) or the last signifies the middle of a valley: (S:) the pl. of sir~N is sirarN and suruwrN (M) and A^asir~apN, like as A^aqin~apN is of qin~N, (S,) or the last is pl. of ↓ saraArN, like as A^aqo*ilapN is of qa*aAlN; (M;) and that of ↓ saraArapN is ↓ saraArN, (S,) or [this is a coll. gen. n., and the pl. is] saraAy^iru: (M:) also ↓ sur~apN (assumed tropical:) the middle of a city: and A^asir~apN the middles of meadows. (TA.) And A^aroDN sir~N (assumed tropical:) Fruitful, good, land; (M, K;) as also ↓ sar~aA='u. (K, * TA.) ― -b20- Also (assumed tropical:) Goodness; excellence. (Msb.) ― -b21- Also, and ↓ sur~N, (M, K,) and ↓ sirarN, (S, M, K,) and ↓ sururN, (K,) and ↓ siraArN, (S, M, K,) A line of the palm of the hand, (M, K, *) and of the face, (M,) and of the forehead: (S, M, Mgh:) pl. (of sir~N, TA, or of ↓ siraArN, S) A^asir~apN, (M, TA,) and (of the same, K, or of ↓ sirarN, S, Mgh) A^asoraArN; (S, M, Mgh, K;) and pl. pl., [i. e. pl. of A^asoraArN,] A^asaAriyru: (S, M, (Mgh, K:) this last, accord. to AA, signifies the lines in the forehead, from the shrivelling of the skin; and its sing. is ↓ sararN: (TA:) some also apply the pl. A^asir~apN to (tropical:) lines, or streaks, of herbage; as being likened to the lines of the hand and of the face, but this is not of valid authority: (M:) and A^asaAriyru (as pl. of A^asoraArN, which is pl. of sirarN, TA) also signifies the beauties of the face, and of the cheeks, and of the elevated parts of the cheeks. (K, TA.) ― -b22- wulida lahu valaAvapN EalaY sir~K, (K,) and EalaY waAHidK ↓ sirarK, (K, * TA,) means Three children were born to him, whose navel-strings were cut in a similar manner, without any female among them. (K. [See also sur~N.]) The navel; i. e. the place from which the navel-string (sur~) has been cut off; (S;) the small cavity, or hollow, of the belly, (M, TA,) in the middle thereof; (TA;) what remains of the sirar: (M:) [see sur~N:] pl. surarN [in the CK erroneously sirarN] and sur~aAtN. (S, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] sur~apu Alfarasi (assumed tropical:) [The navel of the horse,] the star, of Pegasus, that is in the head of Andromeda. (Kzw.) ― -b3- [Hence likewise] sur~apN also signifies (assumed tropical:) A perforation in the middle of a jar such as is termed muzam~alap [q. v.], in which is fixed a tube of silver or lead, whence one drinks. (Har p. 548.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) The place where the water rests, in the furthest part, of a watering-trough, or tank. (K, TA.) ― -b5- See also sir~N, in two places, in the latter part of the paragraph. a subst. from saAr~ahu [like its syn. najowaY from naAjaAhu, signifying Secret discourse, or a secret communication, between two persons or parties]. (M.) -A2- See also saraAru Al$~ahori: -A3- and sir~N, last sentence but one: -A4- and sur~N, in two places. -A5- Also A pain which a camel suffers in his kirokirap [or callous projection upon the breast], arising from a gall, or sore: (S, * K:) or sores in the hinder part of the krkrp of a camel, nearly penetrating into his inside, but not mortal: or a disease that attacks the horse: (M:) it is said by Lth to be a pain in the navel; but Az and others say that this is a mistake. (TA.) ― -b2- Also Hollowness of a spear-shaft [&c.]. (S, K.) [See A^asar~u.] : see sir~N, last sentence but one: -A2- and suruwrN. -A3- It is also a pl. of sariyrN [q. v.]. (S, M, Msb, K.) : see saraAru Al$~ahori: -A2- and sir~N, last two sentences, in three places: -A3- and sur~N, in two places. -A4- Also The coats, or coverings, and earth, that are upon truffles; (S, K;) and ↓ sariyrN signifies the same, (TA,) or the sand (K, TA) and earth and coats or coverings (TA) upon truffles: (K, TA:) here, and in some copies of the Tekmileh, for kamoA^ap, is put A^akamap: (TA:) or both signify the earth that is upon truffles: (M:) or the former signifies the round clod of earth in which a truffle grows: (ISh, TA:) pl. of the former, (ISh, S,) and of ↓ the latter, (TA,) A^asoraArN. (ISh, S, TA.) and ↓ siraAruhu, (S, M, K,) but the latter is not approved by the lexicologists [in general], (Az,) and ↓ sararuhu (S, M, K) and ↓ siraruhu, (M,) and ↓ layolapu Als~iraAri (S) [or Als~araAri &c.], The last night of the lunar month: (S, K:) or when the month is twenty-nine, it is the twenty-eighth night; and when the month is thirty, it is the twenty-ninth night: (Fr:) or the night in which the moon becomes concealed by the light of the sun: (M:) sometimes this is the case one night, and sometimes it is two nights. (AO, S.) [See also Ald~aEojaA='u, voce A^adoEaju.] -A2- saraArN is also syn. with sir~N, in two senses: see sir~N, in the latter part of the paragraph, in four places. -A3- It signifies also [Dates in the unripe state in which they are termed] sayaAbN [q. v.]. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: -A2- and sir~N, last sentence but one, in two places: -A3- and masar~apN. : see what next follows. , (S, M, A, Msb,) or ↓ saruwrN, when used as a simple subst., (IAar, Sgh, K,) but this is strange, and, accord. to MF, unknown, whether as a simple subst. or as an inf. n., (TA,) and ↓ sur~N (M, Msb) and ↓ sar~aA='u and ↓ tasur~apN, (M,) Happiness, or joy, or gladness; syn. faraHN; (M, K; *) contr. of HuzonN: (S:) or dilatation of the bosom with delight, or pleasure, wherein is quiet or tranquillity or rest of mind, of short or of long continuance; whereas faraHN is dilatation of the bosom with delight, or pleasure, of short continuance, transitory, or fleeting, not lasting, as is the case in bodily and worldly pleasures; but faraH is sometimes called suruwr, and vice versâ: (Er-Rághib, TA in art. frH:) or suruwrN signifies pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, of which there is no external sign; distinguished from HubuwrN, which is cheerfulness, i. e., pleasure, or delight, or dilatation of the heart, which has a visible effect in the aspect. (TA.) -A2- Also sing. of ↓ sururN, (TA,) which signifies The upper extremities of the stems of plants. (K, TA.) See also masar~apN. [A couch-frame; a bedstead: a raised couch, or couch upon a frame: a throne:] a thing upon which one lies; syn. muDoTajaEN: (M, K:) or a thing upon which one sits: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^asir~apN and [of mult.] sururN, (S, M, Msb, K,) and some, for the latter, say surarN, as more easy of pronunciation, (S, Msb,) and make the same change in other similar pls., (S,) and he who says SiyodN [for SuyudN, pl. of SayuwdN,] says sur~N for sururN. (Sb, M.) It is said to be derived from suruwrN, because it generally belongs to persons of ease and affluence and of authority, and to kings. (MF.) ― -b2- Hence, and as an appellation of good omen, (Er-Rághib,) A bier, before the corpse is carried upon it: (K:) when the corpse is carried upon it, it is called [niEo$N and] jianaAzapN. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence,] sariyru banaAti naEo$K (assumed tropical:) [The bier of BenátNaash;] the seven stars that are upon the neck and breast and two knees of the Greater Bear, resembling a semicircle; [app. τ, η, υ, ø, θ, e, and f; (as in Freytag's Lex.;)] also called AlHawoDu. (Kzw.) ― -b4- [Hence likewise] sariyrN also signifies (tropical:) Dominion, sovereignty, rule, or authority: and ease, comfort, or affluence: (S, * K: [in some copies of each of which, we find Aln~iEomapu in the place of Aln~aEomapu:]) and settled means of subsistence. (M, TA.) You say, zaAla Eano sariyrihi (tropical:) He ceased to enjoy authority, or power, and ease, comfort, or affluence. (A.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited in art. dgfl.] ― -b5- And (tropical:) The part where the head rests upon the neck: (S, M, K, TA:) pl. A^asir~apN and saraAy^iru. (TA.) -A2- See also sirarN, in two places: -A3- and masar~apN. : see sir~N, in the latter part of the paragraph, in three places. It signifies also (assumed tropical:) The best of the productive parts of a meadow. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) Pureness, choiceness, or excellence, of anything: (M, K:) pureness, and excellence, of race, or lineage. (S.) It has no verb. (M.) You say, huwa fiY saraArapK mino Eiy$apK (tropical:) [He is in the best condition, or mode, of life]. (A.) And lahaA EalayohaA saraArapN (assumed tropical:) She possesses superiority over her. (Fr.) ; and its pl. saraAy^iru: see sir~N, first and fourth sentences, in three places. ― -b2- Also The heart, or mind. (KL. [And so sir~N, q. v.]) And One's inner man; syn. jaw~aAniY~N: opposed to EalaAniyapN and bar~aAniY~N [q. v.]. (T in art. br.) Ampleness, or freedom from straitness, of the means, or circumstances, of life; syn. raxaA='N; [or a happy state or condition;] contr. of Dar~aA='u; (S;) i. q. ↓ masar~apN and ↓ saAruwraA='u [contr. of maDar~apN and DaAruwraA='u]. (K.) ― -b2- See also suruwrN: ― -b3- and see sir~N, near the end of the paragraph. ― -b4- Also i. q. baToHaA='u [q. v.]. (TA.) [rel. n. from sir~N; Of, or relating to, anything secret: a secret, or mysterious, thing. ― -b2- And] A man who does things secretly: pl. sir~iy~uwna. (M.) A concubine-slave; a female slave whom one takes as a possession and for concubitus; (M;) a female slave to whom one assigns a house, or chamber, in which he lodges her, (S, K,) and whom he takes as a possession and for concubitus: (TA:) of the measure fuEoliy~apN, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) from sir~N as signifying “ concubitus, ” (S, M, * Mgh, Msb, K,) or as signifying “ concealment, ” because a man often conceals and protects her from his wife; (S;) altered from the regular form of a rel. n., (S, M, Msb, K,) by its having damm [in the place of kesr]; (S, Msb;) for the rel. n. is sometimes thus altered, as in the instances of duhoriY~N from Ald~ahoru and suholiY~N from AlA^aroDu Als~aholapu: (S:) or it is with damm to distinguish it from sir~iy~apN, which is applied to “ a free woman with whom one has sexual intercourse secretly, ” (Msb,) or “ one who prostitutes herself: ” (TA:) or it is from sur~N in the sense of suruwrN; because her owner rejoices in her; (Akh, * S, * Msb;) and if so, it is agreeable with analogy: (Msb:) so says A Heyth; and this is the best that has been said respecting it: (TA:) or it is of the measure fuE~uwlapN, from sarowN, (M, Mgh,) the latter w being changed into Y for euphony, and then the [other] w being incorporated into it and thus becoming Y like it, after which the dammeh is changed into a kesreh because the Y is next to it: (M:) the pl. is saraAriY~u (ISk, S, TA) and saraArK; (ISk, TA;) the latter, by poetic license. (Ham p. 304.) A free woman with whom one has sexual intercourse secretly, (Msb, TA, *) or who prostitutes herself: (TA:) distinguished from sur~iy~apN [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.) Intelligent; knowing; skilful; (S, M, K;) entering much into affairs, (S, K,) by means of his good artifices or artful contrivances. (TA.) You say, huwa surosuwru maAlK He is one who manages well, or takes good care of, property, or cattle, (AA, M, * K, * TA,) knowing what is conducive to the good thereof. (AA, TA.) And huwa A@bonu surosuwrihaA He is the knowing with respect to it. (T in art. bnY.) ― -b2- A person beloved, or a friend; a special, or choice, companion; (K;) as also ↓ surosuwrapN. (TA.) -A2- Also The naSol [or spun thread, that has come forth,] of the spindle. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. ; and its fem., with p: see sar~N. : see sar~aA='u. An adventive; one abiding among a people to whom he is not related; syn. daxiylN. (S, K.) Lebeed says, wajad~iY faArisu Alr~aEo$aA='i minohumo ray^iysN laA A^asar~u walaA saniydu [And my grandfather, the rider of Er-Raashà, was of them; a chief, not an adventive, nor of suspected origin]. (S.) -A2- Also a camel having a gall, or sore, in the kirokirap [or callous projection upon the breast]: (S:) or having a pain therein, arising from a gall, or sore: (K:) or having sores in the hinder part thereof, nearly penetrating into his inside, but not mortal: or having the disorder termed Dab~N, which is a tumour in the breast: (M:) fem. sar~aA='u. (M, K.) [See sararN.] ― -b2- zanodN A^asar~u A znd [or piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire,] that has become hollow [by wear]. (AHn, S, M, K. [See 1, near the end of the paragraph.]) And qanaApN sar~aA='u A hollow spearshaft. (S, M, K.) : see suruwrN. an inf. n. of sar~ahu [q. v.] (S, O, K.) ― -b2- [And A cause of suruwr, i. e. happiness, or joy, or gladness;] a thing whereby one is made happy, or joyful, or glad: pl. masaAr~u. (Msb.) ― -b3- See also sar~aA='u. ― -b4- Also, [perhaps as being a cause of pleasure,] The extremities of sweet-smelling plants; (M, O, K;) and so ↓ suruwrN: (O, K:) or the latter, the upper halves of the stems of plants; (Lth, M, O; [but see suruwrN;]) properly, the parts of a lotus-plant that are concealed [by the water] and are consequently succulent and soft and beautiful: and ↓ sariyrN, the root, or lower part, of a lotusplant, whereon it rests: (O:) or this last, the pith of the lotus-plant; (M, K;) and so ↓ siraArN: (TA:) [accord. to Az,] Aibonu Almasar~api signifies the branch [or sprig] of rayoHaAn [or of a sweetsmelling plant]. (T in art bnY.) An instrument in which one speaks secretly, like a TuwmaAr [i. e. a roll, or scroll] (S, K) &c. (TA.) Happy, or joyful, or glad; or affected with suruwr [q. v.]. (S, TA.) -A2- Having the navel-string cut. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b2- And with p, applied to the kind of jar termed muzam~alap, Having a sur~ap, meaning a perforation in the middle, in which is fixed a tube of silver or lead, whence one drinks. (Har p. 548.) I became acquainted with his hidden, or secret, affair. (A, * TA.) srA^ , (S, K,) aor. , inf. n. saro'N; (S, TA;) and ↓ sr~A^t, inf. n. tasoriy^apN; (K;) said of the female locust, (S, K,) and of the female of the [lizard called] Dab~, (TA,) [and of a fish, and the like, (see saro'N,)] She laid eggs: (S, K, TA:) and sarato, inf. n. sarowN, is a dial. var. thereof. (TA in art. srw.) [And accord. to El-Kanánee, as cited in the TA, it seems that one says also, of locusts (jaraAd), saraA^a AlbayoDa and saraA^a bihi.] ― -b2- Also, each of these two verbs, (K,) the former mentioned by IDrd, and ↓ the latter by Fr, (TA,) said of a woman, She bore many children. (K.) see above, in two places. , said of a female locust, [and app. of a female of the lizard called Dab~, and a fish, and the like, (see saro'N,)] She attained the period of laying eggs. (S, K.) and ↓ saroA^apN (M, K) and ↓ siroA^apN (K [for wyuksr in the CK should be watukosaru, referring to the second form,]) and ↓ siro'N, (TA, [accord. to which wtksr refers to the s in the first and second, but this I think improbable,]) or srA^p is with kesr [only, i. e. ↓ siroA^apN], (S, K, [supposing that in the latter the pronoun hiYa refers to srA^p, but accord. to the TA it means Alkalimapu, so as to refer to sr' also,]) and most hold this to be correct, (TA,) The egg, (S, K,) or eggs, (M,) of the locust, (S, M, K,) and of the [lizard called] Dab~, (M, TA,) and of fish (M, K, TA) and the like; (M, TA;) and sirowapN signifies the same, but is originally with ': (S:) accord. to 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh El-Isbahánee, ↓ siroA^apN and sirowapN signify the eggs of the locust; but some say, only when laid: accord. to Lth, sr' [app. saro'N] signifies the eggs of the fish and the like, as also suruwo'N; [the former as a coll. gen. n., and the latter as its pl., agreeably with analogy;] and one is called srA^p [app. ↓ saroA^apN as a n. un., agreeably with analogy; or it may be ↓ siroA^apN]. (TA. [See also sirowapN in art. srw: and see dabFY.]) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see saro'N, in two places. : see saro'N, in four places. , originally siroA^apN [q. v., voce saro'N]. ― -b2- Also A dust-coloured arrow: in this sense like wise originally with ': thus expl. by 'Alee Ibn- Hamzeh. (TA.) [See also art. srw.] A species of tree, of which bows are made: n. un. with p. (TA.) [See art. srY.] , applied to a female locust, (El-Isbahánee, K,) and to the female of the [lizard called] Dab~, (Lth, TA,) [and to a fish and the like, (see saro'N,)] Laying eggs: (El-Isbahánee, K, * TA:) or having eggs in her belly; not yet laid: (Lth, K, * TA:) pl. suruw^N (Lth, El-Isbahánee, K) and sur~aA^o, which latter is extr. in form as pl. of a sing. of the measure faEuwlN, (K,) and suruwo'N [which is also extr., like hujuwdN as pl. accord. to some of hajuwdN]. (MF.) , (S, K,) or masoruwo'apN, (TA,) A land containing sirowap [meaning locusts' eggs]: (ElIsbahánee, S:) or abounding with locusts (K, * TA) [or with locusts' eggs: for the explanation in the K is ambiguous]. Quasi srA^l and srA^n a surname of [the patriarch] Jacob; (Ksh and Bd * and Jel * in ii. 38;) also pronounced A_isoraAy^ilu, (Ksh and Bd ibid.,) and A_isoraAy^il~u, (Ksh ibid.,) and A_isoraAlu, and A_isoraAyiylu. (Bd ibid.) ― -b2- And the name of A certain angel; also pronounced A_isoraAy^iynu; in which the n is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for the l. (TA.) ― -b3- [But the ! is more properly to be regarded as a radical letter.] srb aor. , inf. n. suruwbN, He went forth: and he went away. (M.) You say, saraba fiY AlA^aroDi, (M, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (M, Msb,) and so the inf. n., (M, A, Msb,) He went away [into the country, or in the land]. (M, A, Mgh, Msb.) And saraba fiY HaAjatihi He went, or went away, (A'Obeyd, M,) or, as some say, during the day, (M,) for the accomplishment of his want. (A'Obeyd, M.) And huwa yasorubu Aln~ahaAra kul~ahu fiY HawaAy^ijihi [He goes, or goes away, all the day, accomplishing his wants]. (A.) ― -b2- saraba [or rather saraba fiY AlA^aroDi] also signifies He (a man) went away at random into the country, or in the land. (Har pp. 448 and 511.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Keys Ibn-El-Khateem, (TA,) ↓ A^an~aY saraboti wakunoti gayora saruwbi [i. e. Whence hast thou gone away at random? for thou wast not one wont to go away at random:] (S, TA:) thus, srbt, as related by IDrd: accord. to others, [sarayoti,] with Y. (TA.) ― -b3- sarabati AlA_ibilu, aor. and inf. n. as above, The camels went away into the country, or in the land, going forth whithersoever they would: and in like manner saraba is said of a stallion [camel]': (Az, TA:) or saraba, (S, K,) said of a stallion [camel], aor. as above, (S,) and so the inf. n., signifies he repaired, or betook himself, to the place of pasture: (S, A, K:) and saraba AlmaAlu, aor. , inf. n. sarobN, the camels, or cattle, pastured during the day without a pastor. (Msb.) ― -b4- saraba AlmaA='u, (A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) inf. n. suruwbN; (Mgh, Msb;) or sariba, [aor. ,] inf. n. sarabN; (M;) The water ran (A, Mgh) upon the surface of the ground: (A:) or flowed; as also ↓ Ansrb: (M:) [or the latter signifies it ran swiftly: (see Har p. 586:)] and in like manner one says of the saraAb [or mirage], yasorabu, inf. n. sarabN, it runs. (AHeyth, TA.) And saribati AlEayonu, inf. n. sarabN; and sarabato, aor. , inf. n. suruwbN; The Eyn [or source, or perhaps (assumed tropical:) eye, (see masorabN,)] flowed; as also ↓ tsr~bt: so says Lh. (M.) And saribati AlmazaAdapu, aor. , (S, K,) inf. n. sarabN, (S,) The mzAdp [or leathern water-bag] flowed. (S, K.) And xaraja AlmaA='u sarabFA The water came forth from the punctures made in sewing the skin. (TA.) [Or] saribato said of a new [water-skin such as is termed] qirobap, or of a mazaAdap, signifies It had water poured into it in order that the thong [with which it was sewed] might become moistened, so as to swell, and fill up the holes made in the sewing. (M.) ― -b5- See also sarabN, below. ― -b6- [Golius explains saraba, inf. n. sarabaAnN, as on the authority of the KL, as signifying “ Ingressus fuit in rem, totum subivit implevitve locum: ” but this is a mistake, evidently occasioned by his finding sarabaAnN, explained in this sense, instead of sarayaAn, the reading in my copy of the KL.] -A2- sarobN [as an inf. n.] is [also] syn. with xarozN [signifying The sewing of a skin or the like]. (Kr, K, TA. [In a copy of the M, I find Als~arabu Alxarazu erroneously written for Als~arobu Alxarozu.]) You say, sarabotu Alqirobapa, inf. n. sarobN, I sewed the qrbp [i. e. water-skin, or milk-skin]. (TK.) -A3- suriba, (M, K,) like EuniYa, [i. e. pass. in form but neuter in signification,] (K,) said of a man, (TA,) He became affected with suppression of the feces, or constipation of the bowels, (A^axa*ahu HuSorN or HaSarN accord. to different copies of the K,) by the entrance of the fume of [molten] silver [see A^usorub~N] into the innermost parts of his nose, and other passages, (K,) or into his mouth, and the innermost parts of his nose, and his anus, (M, * TA,) and other passages: (TA:) the epithet applied to a man thus affected is ↓ masoruwbN: (K:) sometimes he recovers, and sometimes he dies. (TA.) [sr~b app. signifies, primarily, He sent camels in a herd or drove, together, to pasture. And hence, ― -b2- ] sr~b EalaY~a AlA_ibila (tropical:) He sent [against me] the camels [app. with armed riders], one detached number after another: (As, S, A, K, TA:) and in like manner, Alxayola (tropical:) [the horsemen]. (S, A, Mgh, TA.) It is said in a trad. of ' Áïsheh, [referring to girls who were her playmates,] kaAna yusar~ibuhun~a A_ilaY~a fayaloEabona maEiY (assumed tropical:) He used to send them to me [app. party after party, and they would play with me]. (TA.) And one says, sar~abotu A_ilayohi Al$~aYo'a (assumed tropical:) I sent to him the thing, one by one; or rather, portion by portion. (L, TA.) And sar~abotu A_ilayohi AlA^a$oyaA='a (tropical:) I gave him the things, one after another. (A, TA.) And sar~abahu He sent him back in his srb [i. e. sarob], meaning way [by which he had come]. (Har p. 20.) ― -b3- See also 4. -A2- sr~b sarabFA He made a subterranean excavation. (M, A.) ― -b2- sr~b AlHaAfiru, (As, TA,) inf. n. tasoriybN, (S, K,) The digger [of a well], in digging, took [i. e. dug] towards the right and left: (As, S, * K, * TA:) in some copies of the K, [and in the S,] right or left: but the former is the correct explanation. (TA.) -A3- sr~b Alqirobapa, (S, M, A,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He poured water into the qrbp [i. e. water-skin, or milk-skin], in order that the holes made in the sewing might become filled up (S, M, A, K) by their being moistened, (S, K,) or by the moistening, and consequent swelling, of the thong [with which it was sewed]; the qrbp being new. (M.) He made water to flow; as also ↓ sr~b. (M.) see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] tsr~bwA fiyhi (assumed tropical:) They followed one another continuously in it; namely, a road. (M.) ― -b3- See also 7. -A2- tsr~b mina AlmaA='i He became full of water. (TA.) see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. ― -b2- Ansrb fiyhi He entered into it; (S, M, K;) i. e., a wild animal, into his sarab, (S, M, Msb,) meaning his subterranean habitation, (S, Msb,) or his place of abode; (M;) and a fox, (S,) into his burrow; as also ↓ tsr~b. (S, K.) Pasturing maAl, (M, A, TA,) i. e. camels: (M, TA:) or camels, and maAl [here meaning cattle in general], that pasture: (S:) or maAl [i. e. camels or cattle] pasturing during the day without a pastor; an inf. n. used as a subst. in this sense; and ↓ saAribN [meaning maAlN saAribN] signifies the same: (Msb:) or, accord. to IAar, (M,) any maA$iyap [i. e. camels and other cattle]; (M, K;) thus say IJ and Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee: and accord. to Kz, ↓ sirobN also, [q. v.,] with kesr, signifies maAlN [syn. with maA$iyapN]; and IO says the like: (TA:) pl. of the former suruwbN, (M, TA,) and some say A^asoraAbN [which is a pl. of pauc.]. (TA.) Hence the saying, Ai*ohabo falaA A^anodahu sarobaka, i. e. Go thou away, for I will not drive back thy [pasturing] camels; (S, Msb; *) they shall go, (S,) or I will leave them to pasture, (Msb,) where they will; (S, Msb;) meaning, I have no need of thee: (S:) in the Time of Ignorance, they used to divorce by saying thus, (S, M, Msb,) Ai*ohabiY falaA A^anodahu sarobaki. (S, M, A.) ― -b2- [Freytag also explains it, from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen, as meaning A sheep-fold.] -A2- Also A way, or road; (AZ, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and so ↓ sirobN with kesr; (M, K;) the latter accord. to Aboo-' Omar and Th, but' disallowed by Mbr, who knew only the former in this sense; said by Ibn-Es-Seed to have been pronounced by AZ with fet-h, and by Aboo-' Omar with kesr: (TA:) and one's way, or course; (M, K, * TA;) the way by which one goes. (T, TA. [See also surobapN, and masorabN.]) One says, xal~i sarobahu Leave thou free, or unobstructed, his way (T, M, Mgh, Msb, TA) by which he goes, (T, TA,) and his course; (M, TA;) and so ↓ sirobahu, with kesr; (M, TA;) accord. to Aboo-' Omar: (TA:) or xal~i lahu sarobahu leave thou free, or unobstructed, to him his way. (S, A.) And A^aTolaqa AlA^asiyra waxal~aY sarobahu [He loosed the captive and left free to him his way]. (A.) Hence, in a trad., mano A^aSobaHa A=minFA fiY sarobihi, meaning fiY mutaqal~abihi and mutaSar~afihi [i. e. He who has become secure in his scope, or room, for free action]: or, accord. to one reading, the last words are fiY ↓ sirobihi, meaning, (tropical:) in respect of his wives, or women under covert, and his household, or family; a metaphorical sense, from the sirob of gazelles &c. (A, and so in the Fáïk. [See also sirobN.]) Hence also the saying, A_i*aA kaAn muxal~aY Als~arobi, meaning When he is made to be in ample circumstances; not straitened. (Mgh.) And you say waAsiEu Als~arobi, instead of Als~irobi; meaning Whose way that he pursues is ample. (TA. [But see what follows.]) -A3- Also The bosom, or breast; or the mind; syn. SadorN. (Mbr, M, K.) A_in~ahu lawaAsiEu Als~arobi means Verily he is of ample bosom, or mind; and judgment; and love: (M, TA:) or, as some say, ample of bosom, or mind; slow of anger. (M. [The latter meaning is assigned in the Msb and TA to waAsiEu Alsirobi: see the next paragraph.]) : see saAribN. ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] A qaTiyE, (S, M, K,) or jamaAEap, (Mgh, Msb,) [i. e. herd,] of gazelles, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and of oxen, (M, Mgh, Msb,) [app. meaning wild oxen,] and of [wild] asses, (M,) and of wild animals [in general], (S, Msb,) and [a flock or herd] of sheep or goats, (M,) and [a flock] of the birds called qaTFA, (S, Msb,) and of birds [in general], (M,) and [a party, or bevy,] of women, (S, M, Msb, K,) &c.; (K;) and, as used by El-' Ajjáj, it is of men also: (Sh, TA:) and a poet of the Jinn, as they assert, used it metaphorically in speaking of a sirob of the [lizards called] EaZaA=': (M:) it signifies also (assumed tropical:) a collection of palm-trees; (M, K; in some copies of the latter of which Aln~aHol is erroneously put for Aln~axol; TA;) so says AHn; and Abu-l-Hasan thinks it to be by way of comparison: and ↓ surobapN is like it [in its meanings]: (M: [particularly mentioned in the K as used in the last of the senses above mentioned:]) each of these words is said to be applied to a qTyE of the birds called qaTFA, and of gazelles, and of sheep or goats, on the authority of As; and the latter [or each] of them is applied to a qTyE of women as being likened to gazelles: (TA:) the pl. of the former is A^asoraAbN; (Sh, M, Msb, TA;) and of ↓ the latter, surubN, (K, accord. to the TA,) with two dammehs, (TA,) [in the CK suruwbN,] or surobN, (so in my MS. copy of the K, [either a contraction of the former pl. or a coll. gen. n. of which surobapN is the n. un.,]) or both. (TA. [See also surobapN below, where the pl. is said to be surabN.]) ― -b3- [Hence, as some explain them, two phrases mentioned below in this paragraph.] ― -b4- See also sarobN, first sentence. -A2- It is also syn. with sarobN as meaning A way, or road: and a course: see sarobN in two places. ― -b2- Also i. q. baAlN [app. as syn. with HaAlN, i. e. State, or condition]. (S, Msb, K.) One says, fulaAnN waAsiEu Als~irobi, meaning raxiY~u AlbaAli [i. e. Such a one is in an ample, or unstraitened, state or condition: or the meaning may be, such a one is easy, or unstraitened, in mind: see what follows, and see also baAlN]: (S, Msb:) or, as some say, ample of bosom, or mind; slow of anger: (Msb, TA:) [see also waAsiEu Als~arobi, in two places near the end of the next preceding paragraph:] MF thinks that for baAl we should read maAl, agreeably with an explanation of a phrase in what here follows. (TA.) ― -b3- Also The qalob [meaning heart, or mind]: (M, K:) and the nafos [meaning self]. (IAar, M, Msb, K.) One says, huwa A=minN fiY sirobihi He is secure in, or in respect of, his heart, or mind: or, himself: (M:) but IDrd disallows this latter explanation; and says that the meaning is, his family, and his maAl [or camels, or cattle, or other property], and his, children; as though the phrase A=mn fY srbh were originally used in relation to the pastor, and the stallion [camel], and then extended in its relation to others, metaphorically: (TA:) or the meaning is [simply], his maAl: or, his people, or party: (M, TA:) or as expl. above, voce sarobN, q. v.: or, accord. to Kz, his way. (TA.) The pl. is siraAbN. (El-Hejeree, M, TA.) -A3- See also masorubapN. A subterranean excavation: (M, K:) or a habitation (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) of a wild animal, (S, * Msb,) in, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or beneath, (TA,) the earth, or ground, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) having no passage through it; also called wakorN: (Msb:) such as has a passage through it is termed nafaqN: (Mgh, Msb:) the burrow, or hole, (M, K,) of a wild animal, (K,) or of a fox, and likewise [the den] of a lion, and of a hyena, and of a wolf; and the place into which a wild animal enters: (M:) pl. A^asoraAbN. (M, A, Msb.) In the saying in the Kur [xviii. 60], faA@t~axa*a sabiylahu fiY A@lobaHori sarabFA [And it (the fish) took its way into the sea &c.], Fr says that when the fish was restored to life by the water that came upon it from the fountain [of life], and fell into the sea, its way became congealed, and like a sarab [or subterranean excavation, &c.]: Zj says that srbA may be considered as put in the accus. case in two ways; either as a second objective complement of the verb, or as an inf. n. [of ↓ sariba, q. v.]: and AHát thinks that it here means *ahaAbFA [going away]: or, accord. to IAth, sarabN signifies a secret, or hidden, place of passage: or, as used by El-Moatarid Edh-Dhafaree, it means [simply] a road, or way. (TA.) It signifies also A subterranean channel or conduit, by which water enters a HaAy^iT [or garden, or walled garden of palm-trees]. (M, K.) And TariyqN sarabN means A way, or road, in which people follow one another continuously. (M.) ― -b2- Also Flowing water: (M, K: [see also saribN:]) or water flowing from a mazaAdap [or leathern water-bag] and the like: (S:) or water dropping from the punctures made in the sewing of a water-skin. (A.) ― -b3- And Water that is poured into a qirobap [or skin for water or milk], (M, K,) when it is new, or into a mazaAdap [or leathern water-bag], (M,) in order that the thong [with which it is sewed] may become moistened, (M, K,) so as to swell, and fill up the holes made in the sewing. (M.) Flowing water. (S, * M. [See also sarabN.]) You say also mazaAdapN saribapN, i. e. [A leathern-water-bag] flowing. (S, K.) : see the next paragraph. -A2- I. q. xarozapN [A single puncture, or stitch-hole, made in sewing a skin or the like]. (K. [There expressly said to be, in this sense, with fet-h; but I think that we should read surobapN, and xurozapN: see, again, the next paragraph.]) A short journey; (IAar, M;) or so ↓ sarobapN. (K. [But I think that the former is the right.]) You say, A_in~aka laturiydu surobapF Verily thou desirest a short journey. (IAar, M.) A long journey is termed suboA^apN. (TA.) ― -b2- And i. q. ma*ohabN (S, M, A, K) and TariyqapN (A, K) [i. e. A way by which one goes or goes away, a proper meaning of the former word; and a way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like, which is a meaning of both of these words]. One says, fulaAnN baEiydu Als~urobapi, (S, A, TA,) meaning [Such a one is] one who takes a distant way into the country, or land: (TA:) or meaning baEiydu Alma*ohabi (S, A) and AlT~ariyqapi (A) [i. e., who follows a distant, or remote, way in journeying, and a long way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like. See also sarobN, and masorabN]. Esh-Shenfarà says, EadawonaA mina AlwaAdiY Al~a*iY bayona mi$oEalK wabayona AlHa$aA hayohaAta A^anosaA^otu surobatiY [We passed from the valley that is between Mish' al and El-Hashà: distant was it: I made my way to lead me far off]; meaning, how distant was the place from which I commenced my journey! (TA.) And one says also, A_in~ahu laqariybu Als~urobapi, meaning qariybu Alma*ohabi [i. e. Verily he is one who pursues a near way]; who hastens, or is quick, in accomplishing his want. (Th, M.) -A2- Also A portion, or detached number, (S, Mgh, Msb,) of what compose a sirob, (Mgh, Msb,) i. e., of a collection [or herd] of gazelles, and of [wild] oxen, (Mgh,) or [of a flock] of the birds called qaTFA, and of horses, and asses, and gazelles: (S:) pl. surabN, like gurafN pl. of gurofapN. (Msb.) See also sirobN, in two places; in the latter of which the pl. is said to be surubN and surobN. ― -b2- A collection of xayol [i. e. horses, or horsemen], from twenty to thirty, (M, K,) or from ten to twenty. (M.) ― -b3- A company of men who steal away from an army, and make a hostile incursion into the territory of a people, and return. (IAar, TA.) ― -b4- A row of grape-vines: (M, K:) and any Tariyqap [meaning row or line]. (M.) ― -b5- See also masorubapN. ― -b6- Also i. q. xurozapN [i. e. A seam, or a stitch, or a puncture, or stitch-hole, of a skin or the like]. (M. [See also sarobapN.]) [The mirage;] i. q. A=lN: (As, M, TA:) or the semblance of water, (S, M, A, K,) of running water, (M,) at midday, (S, M, A, K,) cleaving to the ground, (M,) and [in appearance] lowering everything so that it becomes [as though it were] cleaving to the ground, having no $axoS; (TA;) whereas the A=l is that which is in the DuHaY [or early part of the day when the sun is yet low], raising figures seen from a distance, and making them to quiver: (M:) [several other distinctions between the srAb and the A=l, mentioned here in the TA, see voce A=lN:] saraAbN has no pl. (S and K voce nahaArN.) One says A^axodaEu mino saraAbK [More deceitful than a middaymirage]. (A.) -A2- saraAbi, like qaTaAmi, (A, K, TA,) i. e. indecl., with kesr for its termination, as also saraAbu, imperfectly decl., (TA,) determinate, (K, TA,) as a proper name, not having the article Al prefixed to it, (TA,) is the name of The she-camel of El-Basoos (Albasuws), (K,) or the she-camel El-Basoos, (A, TA,) for El-Basoos was her surname: (TA:) whence the saying A^a$oA^amu mino saraAbi [More inauspicious than Sarábi]: (A, K, TA:) a celebrated prov.: for she was the cause of a famous war. (TA.) [Wont to go away at random]: see 1, near the beginning of the paragraph. A sheep, or goat, ($aApN,) which one drives back, or brings back, from the water, when the sheep, or goats, are satisfied with drinking, and which they follow. (M, TA. [See also $ariybapN.]) Going forth: and going away; as also ↓ sirobN; the latter expl. by IAar as syn. with *aAhibN and maADK: (M: [in one place in the TA the latter is erroneously written syrb:]) or going away at random into the country, or in the land. (S, K.) See also sarobN, first sentence. You say maAlN saAribN, (A,) and faHolN saAribN, (TA,) i. e. [Camels, or cattle, and a stallion-camel,] repairing to the place of pasture: (A, TA:) and ZayobapN saAribN (M) or saAribapN (TA) [a she-gazelle] going away in her place of pasture. (M, TA.) A poet says, (S, M,) namely, El-Akhnas Ibn-Shiháb ElTeghlibee, (TA,) wakul~u A^unaAsK qaArabuwA qayoda faHolihimo wanaHonu xalaEonaA qayodahu fahuwa saAribu [And all other men have contracted the shackles of their stallion-camel; but we have pulled off his shackles, and he is going away whithersoever he will in his place of pasture]: (S, M, TA: but in the last, HalalonaA is put in the place of xalaEonaA: [in the Ham (p. 347) it begins thus: A^araY kul~a qawomK:]) this, says As, is a prov.; meaning [other] men have abode in one place, not daring to remove to another, and have contracted the shackles of their stallion, that is, confined him, that he may not advance, and be followed by their [other] camels; fearing a hostile attack upon them: but we are people of might, wandering about the land, and going whithersoever we will; and we have pulled off the shackles of our stallion, that he may go whither he will; and whithersoever he hastes away to herbage produced by the rain, thither we follow him: (IB, TA:) or it may be that by the fHl he means the chief, whom, Abu-l-'Alà says, he likens to the stallion-camel. (Ham p. 347.) And hence the saying in the Kur [xiii. 11], musotaxofK biA@ll~ayoli wasaAribN biA@ln~ahaAri, (S, M, TA,) i. e. [Hiding himself by night, and] appearing by day: (S:) or appearing by day in his way, or road, or in the roads: or, as is related on the authority of Akh, appearing by night, and hiding himself by day; and Ktr says the same of sArb. (TA.) , (M, K,) and A^usorub~N, (M, Msb, K,) the former mentioned by Sh, (TA,) [the latter the more common,] a Pers. word, (M, TA,) arabicized, (Msb, TA,) originally A^usorubo, (M,) [or A^usoruPo,] or A^usorufo, (Msb, MF, TA,) [and in the TA strb,] i. q. raSaASN [i. e. Lead], (M, Msb,) or A=nukN [which signifies the same, or black lead, or tin, or pewter]. (K.) ― -b2- And the latter, The fume of [molten] silver. (M. [See 1, last sentence.]) A way by which one goes; [like sarobN and surobapN;] syn. ma*ohabN: (Har p. 448:) a place in which the maAl [i. e. camels, or cattle,] go to pasture (tasorubu); (Ham p. 99;) and ↓ masorabapN signifies [the same, or] a place of pasture: (S, K:) pl. of the former masaAribu, (Ham ubi suprà,) and so of the latter. (S, K.) ― -b2- And A channel of water. (A, and Har ubi suprà.) [Hence,] one says, AixoDal~ato masaAribu Eayonayohi i. e. (tropical:) The channels of the tears [of his eyes became moist so as to scatter drops]. (A.) : see the next preceding paragraph. ― -b2- Also The passage, and place of exit, of the dung; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) in this sense with fet-h (Mgh, Msb) only [i. e. to the r]; or so and likewise ↓ masorubapN: and both signify the upper part of the anus. (TA.) ― -b3- See also the next following paragraph. ― -b4- Also [A sitting-place] like a Suf~ap [q. v.], before a [chamber such as is called] gurofap: not m$rbp; for this is a gurofap [itself]. (TA.) , (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) with damm to the r, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and ↓ masorabapN, (M, Msb,) with fet-h, (Msb,) i. e. to the r, (TA,) and ↓ surobapN, (M, K,) The narrow hair that extends from the breast to the navel: (S:) or the hair growing in the middle of the breast, extending to the belly: (M, K:) or the hair extending from the breast to the pubes: (A, Mgh:) or the hair of the breast, extending to the pubes: (Msb:) and ↓ sirobN, also, signifies the hair of the breast. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce ji*omN.] ― -b2- The masaArib of beasts are The soft parts of their bellies: (M, TA:) or the msrbp of any beast means the upper parts, from the part next the neck to the root of the tail: and the soft parts of the belly, and the groins, or any similar parts. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) ― -b3- See also masorabapN. : see 1, last sentence. Very tall; (K, TA;) applied to a man: and very long; applied to hair. (TA.) srbx , inf. n. sarobaxapN, I walked, or marched, an hour, or a while: (JK:) [or in the middle of the day: and gently, or in a leisurely manner: for] ― -b2- sarobaxapN signifies The walking, or marching, in the middle of the day. (K.) And The walking, or marching, gently, or in a leisurely manner. (JK, K.) ― -b3- And The being light, or agile, or active; light in any work or action, or unsteady or lightwitted, or so on an occasion of anger, or hasty, with foolishness or ignorance; syn. xif~apN and nazaqN. (K.) A wide, or spacious, land: (S, K:) or one far extending: (TA:) and a land in which one cannot find his way. (K, * TA.) A desert, or waterless desert, wide, or spacious, (K, TA,) in the sides: (TA:) and ↓ mahomahN musarobaxN a desert, or waterless desert, far extending, (K, * TA,) wide, or spacious: so in a verse of Aboo-Duwád cited voce maroduwnN, q. v. (TA.) : see what next precedes. srbl , (S, K,) or sarobalahu sirobaAlFA, (M, Msb,) inf. n. sarobalapN, (KL,) He clad him with a sirobaAl. (S, Msb, K.) , (S,) or tasarobala sirobaAlFA (Msb) or bisirobaAlK, (M, K,) He clad himself, or became clad, with a sirobaAl: (S, M, Msb, K:) and so tasarobana, in which, accord. to Yaakoob, the n is a substitute for the l of the former. (M.) Broken, or crumbled, bread, (variydN, M, K,) or a mess of broken, or crumbled, bread, (variydapN, AA, TA,) having, (K,) or moistened with, (AA,) grease, or dripping, or gravy, (AA, K,) or having much thereof. (M.) A shirt: (S, M, Msb, K:) and [so in the M, and in the Ham p. 65, but in the Msb and K “ or ”] a coat of mail: (M, Msb, K:) the former is the primary signification: (Ham p. 349:) or anything that is worn: (M, K:) pl. saraAbiylu, (Msb, TA,) which occurs in the Kur xvi. 83 [in the first and also in the second of the senses mentioned above]: (TA:) and sirobaAnN signifies the same as sirobaAlN, the n being, accord. to Yaakoob, a substitute for the l. (M.) ― -b2- In the following words of a trad. of 'Othmán, laA A^axolaEu sirobaAlFA sarobalaniyhi A@ll~`hu [I will not pull off a garment with which God has invested me], it is metonymically applied to the office of Khaleefeh. (TA.) srbn : see tasarobala. : see sirobaAlN. srj , (O, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. sarojN, (TK,) (assumed tropical:) He lied; as also sarija, (O, K,) aor. ; (K;) but the latter is outweighed [in authority]; (TA;) like sadaja: (O:) and so ↓ sr~j: (TA:) and $araja. (O and K * in art. $rj.) You say, ↓ takal~ama fulaAnN bikalimapK fasaraja EalayohaA biA^usoruwjapK (assumed tropical:) [Such a one spoke a word, or sentence, and followed it with a lie]. (O.) ― -b2- And saraja Alka*iba, aor. , inf. n. sarojN, (assumed tropical:) He forged the lie. (TA.) [See also 2.] -A2- sarajN, as an inf. n., signifies The being bright, or shining. (KL.) ― -b2- [And hence,] sarija, (O, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. sarajN, (TK,) said of one's face, (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, beautiful: (O:) or, said of a man, (TA,) (tropical:) he was or became, beautiful in his face: (K, TA:) but said by some, to be post-classical; and by some, to be strange. (TA.) -A3- sarajato $aEorahaA, (O, K, TA, but not in the CK,) and ↓ sr~jt, (K, TA, but not in the O,) [thought by SM to be a mistranscription for sr~Ht, with the unpointed H,] She (a woman, O) plaited her hair; (O, K;) like sajaratohu. (O.) -A4- [saraja, aor. , expl. as signifying “ Ephippio instruxit instravitve equum ” by Golius and Freytag, by the latter as on the authority of the S and K, I do not find in either of those lexicons, nor in any other. The verb having this meaning is Asrj only.] , (A, K,) inf. n. tasoriyjN, (K,) (tropical:) He rendered it beautiful; (A, K;) namely, a person's face; said of God: (A:) (assumed tropical:) he adorned, ornamented, decorated, or embellished, it; namely, a thing. (L.) The meaning given in the K [and A] has the authority of El-Beyhakee and IKtt and Es-Sarakustee and IKoot; but Aboo-' AbdAllah Mohammad Ibn-Esh-Shádhilee thought it to be not of established authority as belonging to the ancient language. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, sar~ijo A_ilayohi A^amoraka (assumed tropical:) Embellish and elucidate thou to him thy affair, or case. (Ham p. 326.) ― -b2- And i. q. waf~aqahu (assumed tropical:) [He accommodated, adapted, or disposed, him, or it, to a right course, or issue]. (TA.) ― -b3- One says also, ↓ sr~j EalaY~a A^usoruwjapF (tropical:) [He forged against me a lie]. (A, TA.) And EalaY~a ↓ tsr~j (tropical:) He lied, or lied purposely, against me. (A, TA. [See also tsd~j.]) And A_in~ahu yusar~iju AlA^aHaAdiyva (tropical:) [Verily he forges traditions, or stories]. (A, TA.) ― -b4- See also 1, first sentence. -A2- sr~jt $aEorahaA: see 1. (O, Msb, TA) I lighted the lamp, or wick. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [And Asrj signifies also He lighted himself or another with a lamp &c.; and so ↓ Astsrj: or each of these, with bihi following it, he employed it (i. e. a lamp, or oil, &c.,) as a means of light: see AiSoTabaHa, in art. SbH.] -A2- A^asorajotu Ald~aAb~apa, (S, K, *) or Alfarasa, (Msb,) I bound the saddle, or his saddle, upon the beast, or horse: (Msb, K:) or I made a saddle for the [beast, or] horse. (Msb.) see 2. see 4. He manured the land with sirojiyn. (L in art. srjn.) A certain appertenance of a horse or similar beast, (Msb, K, *) well known; (S, Msb;) i. e., his raHol [or saddle]: (TA:) an Arabic word; or, accord. to the Shifá el-Ghaleel, arabicized from srk [which is written by Freytag $rk, and said by him to be Pers., but I know not either of these two words in Pers. with an apposite meaning]: (TA:) dim. ↓ surayojN: (Msb:) and pl. suruwjN. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) [Hence,] maAla sarojuka (assumed tropical:) Thy affair, or case, was or has become, in a disordered, or an unsound, state: a proverbial saying. (Ham p. 242.) Continuing, or lasting; or continuing, or lasting, long; or, for ever. (O, K.) Foolish, or stupid. (O, K.) i. q. zibolN [i. e. dung of horses or other solid-hoofed animals, or fresh dung of camels, sheep and goats, wild oxen, and the like; used for manure]: (Msb, and K in art. srjn:) a foreign, or Pers., word, (Msb,) originally sarokiyn, [meaning saroGiyno,] (Msb, K,) arabicized, (Msb, and S and K in art. srjn,) by the conversion of the k [or G] into j, and also into q, so that one says also siroqiynN [q. v.]: As is related to have said, I know not how to say it, and I only say rawovN: it is with kesr to the first letter in order to agree with Arabic words; fet-h not being allowable, because there is no instance of the measure faEoliylN; though it is said in the M to be sirojiynN and sarojiynN: (Msb:) [the word being arabicized, all its letters should be regarded as radical; but] many assert the n to be augmentative [and therefore mention the word, or the two words, in the present art., as does the author of the Msb]. (TA.) (S, O, K) and ↓ sirjiyjapN (O, K) Nature; or natural, native, or innate, disposition, or temper, or the like: (S, O, K, TA:) and a way, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like. (S, O, TA.) One says, humo EalaY surojuwjapK waAHidapK They are of one uniform nature or disposition. (As, S, O.) And Alkaramu mino sirojiyjatihi and surojuwjatihi Generosity is a quality of his nature or disposition. (Lh, TA.) And A_in~ahu lakariymu Als~urojuwjapi and Als~irojiyjapi Verily he is generous of nature or disposition. (AZ, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. a word of well-known meaning; (S, O, K;) i. q. miSobaAHN [i. e. A lamp, or its lighted wick, (the latter of which meanings is assigned to both of these words by Jel in xxiv. 35,)] (L, Msb, TA) that gives light by night: (L, TA:) or, properly, a lighted wick; its employment to signify the place thereof [i. e. a lamp, generally a vessel of glass having in its bottom a small glass tube into which the lower part of the wick is inserted,] being a well-known tropical application: (MF, TA:) pl. surujN. (O, Msb, TA.) [See also masorajapN.] ― -b2- [Hence,] the sun is called a siraAj [in the Kur lxxi. 15, and also xxv. 62, and lxxviii. 13], (S, O,) and Als~iraAju, (K,) and siraAju Aln~ahaAri (tropical:) [The lamp of day]. (A, TA.) So too is the Prophet. (Kur xxxiii. 45.) 'Omar, also, is called in a trad. siraAju A^aholi Aljan~api (assumed tropical:) [The lamp of the people of Paradise]. (TA.) And one says, AlhudiY siraAjN Almuw^ominiyna (tropical:) [The Kur-án is the lamp of the believers], (A,) or siraAju Almuw^omini [the lamp of the believer]. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, metaphorically, (tropical:) The eye; because of its being often likened to a siraAj. (Har p. 554.) dim. of sarojN, q. v. (Msb.) The craft, or occupation, of the sar~aAj [or saddler]. (O, K, TA.) , (O, K,) or surayojiy~aAtN, (As, S,) Certain swords so called in relation to a blacksmith named surayojN: (As, S, O, K:) or they may be so called because having much water, and [glistening] wavy marks or streaks or grain. (Ham p. 326.) [See also musar~ajN.] A saddler; i. e. a maker of suruwj [or saddles]: (O, K, * TA:) or a seller thereof. (TA.) -A2- Also (tropical:) A great, or habitual, liar, (K, TA,) who will not tell thee truly whence he comes, but will tell thee lyingly. (TA.) One says, A_in~ahu sar~aAjN mar~aAjN (tropical:) Verily he is a lying person, (A,) or a great, or habitual, liar, (TA,) who adds, or exaggerates, (yaziydu,) in his narration, or talk, or discourse. (A, TA.) And it is used alone, [without mar~aAjN,] so that one says, rajulN sar~aAjN (tropical:) [A man who lies much, or habitually, &c.]. (TA.) [See also sad~aAjN.] (assumed tropical:) [A side of a forehead, or a forehead itself,] clear, or white, [and bright,] like the siraAj [or lamp]. (Th, TA.) i. q. $ayorajN; (TA in the present art. and in art. $rj; [but in the present art., gyr Al$~ayoraji is erroneously put for Eayonu Al$~ayoraji, meaning the same as Al$yrj;]) but vulgar; (TA in art. $rj;) i. e. Oil of sesame, or sesamum: an arabicized word, from [the Pers.] $iyrahN. (TA in the present art.) (tropical:) A lie. (TA.) See 1 and 2. , applied to a horse, (A,) or beast (daAb~apN), [or app., when applied to the latter, with p,] Saddled; i. e. having the saroj bound upon it. (TA.) , with fet-h (S, Mgh, O, Msb) to the m and r, (Msb,) [A lamp; i. e.] the thing in which is the wick and the oil: (S, Mgh, O, TA:) and also the thing upon which the siraAj [app. here meaning lamp] is put: (O:) or the thing upon which the ↓ misorajap is placed: (Msb:) or ↓ misorajapN, with kesr, has the last of these meanings: masorajapN, with fet-h, having the first thereof: or, as some say, the reverse is the case; (Mgh;) [i. e.] ↓ misorajapN, with kesr, signifies the thing in which is the wick [and the oil]: and masorajapN, with fet-h, the thing upon which that is put: (A, TA:) the pl. (of either, Mgh) is masaAriju. (Mgh, Msb.) [See also siraAjN.] : see the next preceding paragraph, in three places. (tropical:) A face rendered beautiful by God. (A.) ― -b2- A nose beautiful in thinness and evenness: used in this sense by El-'Ajjáj: likened by him to the kind of sword called surayojiY~. (S, O.) srjn : see art. srj. : see art. srj. srH , (TA,) or saraHati AlmaA$iyapu, (S, TA,) or AlA_ibilu, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. , (Msb, TA,) inf. n. suruwHN (S, A, Msb, K) and saroHN, (Mgh, Msb, K,) The cattle, or camels, pastured, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) or pastured where they pleased, (S, K, TA,) by themselves; (S, * Msb, K, * TA; *) [or in the morning; for] you say, saraHato biAlgadaApi and raAHato biAlEa$iY~i: (S:) or pastured in the morning until the DuHaY [or period of bright morning-sunshine]. (AHeyth, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] huwa yasoraHu fiY A^aEoraADi Aln~aAsi [as though meaning He feeds upon the reputations of men;] i. e. (tropical:) he defames men; or defames men in their absence. (A, TA.) ― -b3- And saraHotu A^anaA, inf. n. suruwHN, I went, or went away, in the morning. (AHeyth, TA.) And A^asoraHu A_ilayoka I go, or walk, to thee. (Har p. 44.) ― -b4- And saraHa Als~ayolu, (A, TA,) aor. , inf. n. saroHN and suruwHN, (TA,) The torrent ran, or flowed, easily: (A, TA:) on the authority of Aboo-Sa'eed. (TA.) ― -b5- And saraHa Albawolu, (A, K,) aor. , inf. n. saroHN (K) and sariyHN, (TA,) The urine had vent, poured out or forth, flowed, or streamed, (A, K, TA,) after its having been suppressed. (A, TA.) -A2- saraHa AlmaA$iyapa, (AHeyth, S, A, * TA,) or AlA_ibila, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. saroHN; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, TA;) and ↓ sr~HhA, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. tasoriyHN, (Mgh, K,) but the teshdeed in this verb denotes intensiveness, or muchness, or frequency, of the action, or its application to many objects; (Msb;) He sent forth, or set free, [or drove,] the cattle, or camels, to pasture, (S, * Mgh, Msb, * K, *) or to pasture where they pleased, (S, K, TA,) by themselves: (S, * Msb K, * TA:) [or he did so in the morning, as is indicated in the S; i. e.] he made them to go forth in the morning to the pasturage. (AHeyth, TA.) You say, A^araHotu AlmaA$iyapa and A^anofa$otuhaA and A^asamotuhaA and A^ahomalutuhaA and saraHotuhaA; this last alone without A. (S. [Yet Golius mentions the last also with A, though without assigning any authority for it.]) And hence, in the Kur [xvi. 6], Hiyna turiyHuwna waHiyna tasoraHawna [When ye bring, or drive, them back in the evening, and when ye send, or drive, them forth in the morning]. (AHeyth, S.) ― -b2- [Hence also,] saraHa, aor. , inf. n. saroHN; (K;) and ↓ sr~H, (S, A, L,) inf. n. tasoriyHN; (L;) He sent (S, L, K) a messenger to another person, (A, TA,) or such a one to such a place, (S, L,) or to accomplish some needful affair. (L.) ― -b3- [And hence, app.,] saraHahu A@ll~`hu, and ↓ sr~Hhu, (tropical:) God disposed him [to what was right or good], or adapted him [thereto]: mentioned by Az, on the authority of El-Iyádee, but as being strange. (TA.) One says, A@ll~`hu liloxayori ↓ sar~aHaka (tropical:) May God dispose thee, or adapt thee, to that which is good. (A.) ― -b4- And saraHa, aor. , inf. n. saroHN, He voided his excrement, or ordure; or, in a thin state; [the objective complement being understood;] syn. salaHa. (K.) ― -b5- And saraHotu maA fiY SadoriY, (K, * TA,) aor. , inf. n. saroHN, (K,) (assumed tropical:) I manifested, or gave forth, (A^axorajotu,) what was in my bosom. (K, * TA.) -A3- sariHa, aor. , He set out easily in his affairs. (K.) see above, in four places. ― -b2- tasoriyHN also signifies The dismissing a wife by divorcement. (S, K.) You say, sar~aHahaA He dismissed her by divorcement: (A, Msb:) from sar~aHa AlA_ibila [expl. above]. (Msb.) And He sent her forth from his abode; (Bd in xxxiii. 48;) or let her go free; (Jel ibid.;) meaning one to whom he had not gone in. (Bd and Jel ibid.) [See also saraAHN, below; a subst. used as a quasi-inf. n. of this verb.] ― -b3- [Also The putting, or sending, another away, far away, or far off; removing him far away; or alienating, or estranging, him: see Har p. 44.] ― -b4- And The act of removing, or clearing away: you say, sr~H Eanohu He removed, or cleared away, from him [grief or sorrow]; syn. far~aja. (L, TA.) ― -b5- [And The causing water to flow; or letting it flow.] You say, sar~aHuwA AlmaA='a fiY Alxanodaqi [They caused the water to flow, or let it flow, into the moat]; from sar~aHa AlA_ibila. (Mgh.) ― -b6- And The letting down, and loosing, the hair, (S, K,) before the combing: (S:) or the disentangling the hair: or the separating it with the comb: or the combing it: (Mgh:) or the combing down the hair; and disentangling it with the comb. (Az, TA.) You say, sar~aHato $aEorahaA (A) or Al$~aEora, inf. n. as above, (Msb,) She combed [&c.] her hair (A) [or the hair]. ― -b7- [And it is used also in relation to poetry, or verses.] You say also, sr~H Al$~aAEiru Al$~iEora [app. meaning The poet trimmed the poetry, or verses; as seems to be indicated by the context; for it is mentioned by Z immediately after what here precedes it]. (A.) ― -b8- And The act of facilitating, or rendering easy. (S, K.) He (a man) went away, and went forth, from a place. (TA.) ― -b2- See also the next paragraph. The act of running, or going along [quickly and easily]. (KL.) You say of a she-camel, AinosaraHato fiY sayorihaA She was, or became, quick and easy in her pace. (A.) ― -b2- And AnsrH He lay upon his back, or lay as though thrown down or extended, and parted his legs. (S.) ― -b3- And He was, or became, naked, bare, or without clothing. (KL. [See also its part. n., munosariHN.]) ― -b4- And It (grief or sorrow) became removed, or cleared away; [syn. Ainofaraja;] as also ↓ tsr~H; quasi-pass. of sar~aHa signifying far~aja. (L, TA.) Cattle, or camels &c., pasturing, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) or pasturing where they please, by themselves: (S, A, K:) or only such as are sent, or driven, forth [to pasture] in the morning, and brought, or driven, back in the evening to their nightly resting-place: (L:) an inf. n. used as a subst. (Mgh, Msb.) A'Obeyd says that saroHN and ↓ saAriHN and ↓ saAriHapN signify Cattle, or camels &c.: and Khálid Ibn-Jembeh says that ↓ saAriHapN means camels and sheep or goats: and a single beast; as well as a collection [of beasts]. (TA.) -A2- Also A certain kind of trees, of great size, (S, K, TA,) and tall, (S, TA,) not depastured, or seldom eaten by the camels &c., but used for their shade: they grow in Nejd, in plain, or soft, and in rugged ground, but not in sand nor upon a mountain; and have a yellow fruit: (TA:) n. un. with p: and it is said to be the same as the A=': (S:) but this is a mistake; the fact being that it bears a kind of berry termed A=', (K, TA,) resembling the olive: (TA:) or any trees without thorns: (K:) n. un. in this sense with p: (Fr, Ham p. 603, TA:) or any tall trees: (K:) or [trees] of the kind called EiDaAh, great, with spreading branches, beneath which men alight in the Sayof [or summer]: (Ham ubi suprà:) accord. to AHn, the saroHap is a great tree with spreading branches, beneath which people often alight, widely extending; men alight beneath it in the Sayof [or summer], and pitch tents, or build houses, beneath it; and its shade is good: accord. to information given to Az by an Arab of the desert not known by him to have uttered a lie, it has a dusty colour, is not so tall as the A^avol [a species of tamarisk], has small leaves, and lank branches, or twigs, and always grows slanting, its inclination among all the trees being towards the south (Alyamiyn): Lth says that the saroH are a kind of trees that have a fruit, and they are the A^alaA=' (AlAlA=' [app. a mistranscription for AlA=', i. e. the A=',]); but Az says that this is a mistake: Lth cites the saying of' Antarah, baTalN kaA^an~a viyaAbahu fiY saroHapK tuHo*aY niEaAlu Als~iboti layosa bitawo'ami (L,) i. e. He is a man of valour, tall of stature, as though his clothes were upon a great tree such as is called srHp; sandals of sbt [q. v.] are cut and made for him, such as are worn by the kings; and he is not a twin; so that he has been well suckled: (EM p. 245:) thus he describes this person as tall of stature, showing that the srHp is a large tree: but the AlA=' [or A='] has no trunk nor tallness: IAar says that the saroH are *akowaAn that have become large; and the *kwAn are certain trees having beautiful [shoots such as are termed] EasaAliyj: the pl. is siraAHN. (L.) ― -b2- The n. un., saroHapN, is applied to signify (tropical:) A man's wife, (S, A,) by a metonymy. (S.) The Arabs are said by Az to term a woman, or wife, a saroHp growing over water, because in this case it is in the most beautiful condition. (TA.) ― -b3- [Accord. to Forskål, (Flora Aegypt. Arab. pp. cvi. and 68,) the name of srH is applied to a plant of the class pentandria, which he terms Cadaba farinosa, (described by him in p. 68,) growing in the lower region of the mountains of Wádee-Surdud, in Tihámeh.] -A3- Also The exterior court or yard of a house, (K,) or, as in the L, of a gate, or door. (TA.) Easy; as also ↓ sariyHN. (L.) You say, waladatohu suruHFA She brought him forth with ease. (TA.) And taxoruju suruHFA It passes forth easily and quickly: occurring in a trad., describing a draught of water that satisfies thirst ($urobapu maA='K). (TA.) And naAqapN suruHN and ↓ munosariHapN A quick, or swift, she-camel; (S;) as also ↓ saruwHN: (L:) or a she-camel quick and easy in pace. (A, MA, and Har p. 481.) And farasN suruHN and ↓ munosariHN (K) and ↓ siroyaAHN, (TA,) or xayolN suruHN, (S,) A horse, or horses, quick, or swift. (S, K.) [See also saraAHi, and sar~aAHN.] And milaATN suruHu Aljanobi A shoulderblade, (TA,) or an upper arm-bone, of a camel, (ISh, T, TA,) quick to go and come [or move forwards and backwards]. (As, S, TA.) And mi$oyapN suruHN An easy gait, or manner of going; (S, K;) like sujuHN. (TA.) And EaTaA='N suruHN (assumed tropical:) A gift promptly given, without deferring: (K:) or (tropical:) a gift that is easy and quick; a metaphorical phrase from naAqapN suruHN expl. above. (Har p. 481.) -A2- [See also sariyHapN, of which, in two senses, it is a pl.] A single tree of the kind called saroHN [q. v.]. (Fr, S, TA.) -A2- Also A she-ass that has attained to maturity but has not become pregnant. (O, K.) -A3- And saroHapu, (O,) or Als~aroHapu, (K,) is the name of A certain dog. (O, K.) , of the measure fiEolaAnN, the n being an augmentative letter, (Sb, S,) from the verb saraHa, (TA,) The wolf; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also siroHaAlN; (Yaakoob, K;) fem. siroHaAnapN (Ks, S) and siroHaAlahN; (TA;) and the lion, (S, O, Msb, K,) in the dial. of Hudheyl: (S, O:) pl. saraAHiynu (S, A, O, Msb, K) and saraAHK and siraAHN, (O, L, K,) but the last not remembered to have been heard by Az. (L.) It is said in a prov., saqaTa AlEa$aA='u bihi EalaY siroHaAni [The evening-meal, or supper, (i. e. the seeking for it,) made him to fall, or light, upon a wolf]: (S, Meyd:) accord. to A'Obeyd, it originated from a man's going forth to seek the eveningmeal, and falling upon a wolf, which devoured him: accord. to As, from the like accident to a beast: accord. to IAar, from a man's being slain by another man, named siroHaAn: it is applied to the seeking an object of want that leads one to destruction. (Meyd. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 599: but the name there written “ Hasahah ” is huzolap; accord. to Meyd, the father, but accord. to the O, the brother, of Sirhán.]) ― -b2- Hence, (Mgh, Msb,) i. e. from Als~iroHaAnu as meaning “ the wolf, ” or, as some say, “ the lion, ” (TA,) *anabu Als~iroHaAni The false dawn; (Mgh, O, K, TA;) i. e. the first [dawn]. (TA. [A term nearly agreeing with the Greek λυκόφως]) ― -b3- Als~iroHaAnu, (O, K,) or siroHaAnN, (TA,) is also the name of A certain dog: and of a certain horse: and of another horse. (O, K.) -A2- Also The middle of a wateringtrough or tank: (O, K:) pl. as above. (K.) a subst. from tasoriyHu AlmaroA^api; (S, Msb, K;) [i. e., a subst.] signifying The dismissal of a wife by divorcement: (Bd in xxxiii. 28 [where it is used as a quasi-inf. n., as it is also in verse 48 of the same chap.]:) like TalaAqN and firaAqN, it signifies divorcement explicitly. (L.) ― -b2- [And Dismissal in a general sense. Hence,] it is said in a prov., Als~araAHu mina Aln~ajaAHi (tropical:) [i. e. Dismissal is a part of the accomplishment of one's want]; (S, A, L;) meaning, when thou canst not accomplish a man's want, make him to despair; for thy doing so will be in his estimation an act that will stand him in lieu of thy helping him to accomplish it: (S, L: [in some copies of the former, for faA^ayoy^isohu, we find faA=yasotahu:]) or it is applied to a man who does not desire to accomplish the want [of another]; and means, it behooves thee to make him to despair if thou accomplish not his want. (Meyd. [See a similar prov. voce $araAHN.]) ― -b3- Also Haste, ex- pedition, or promptness. (TA.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) Ease: so in the saying, AifoEalo *`lika fiY saraAHK warawaAHK (TA) i. e. (tropical:) Do thou that in a state of ease (S and A and K in art. rwH) and rest. (A in that art.) -A2- saraAHi [indecl.] like qaTaAmi, [app. as meaning The quick, or quick and easy in pace, like Als~uruHu,] the name of a certain horse. (K.) : see suruHN. : see suruHN. ― -b2- A^amorN sariyHN An affair done quickly, expeditiously, or promptly; (TA;) in which is no deferring. (A.) You say also, laA yakuwnu *`lika A_il~aA fiY sariyHK That will not be save with quickness, expedition, or promptness. (TA.) And A_in~a xayoraka lafiY sariyHK and An~ xyrk lasariyHN, Verily thy bounty is quick, expeditious, or prompt. (TA.) ― -b3- farasN sariyHN A horse without a saddle. (S, K.) -A2- See also the next paragraph, in five places. A thong with which one sews soles or sandals or the like: (S, O, K:) pl. saraAy^iHu (S, O, K *) and suruHN (TA) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ sariyHN: (S, TA:) or, as some say, the thong wherewith is fastened, or tied, the xadamap which is a [thick plaited] thong that is fastened upon the pastern [of a camel, encircling it like a ring, for the attachment of a leathern shoe, or sandal]: (TA:) the pl. suruHN is also expl. as signifying the niEaAl [or leathern shoes, or sandals,] of camels: or, as some say, the thongs, or straps, of their niEaAl; each thong, or strap, being called sariyHapN: (L, TA:) Suh says, in the R, that ↓ sariyHN signifies a kind of thing like the naEol with which camels' feet are clad. (TA.) The saraAy^ix of an arrow are The sinews that are wound around it; sing. sariyHapN: and also certain marks upon it, like those of fire. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A piece of a garment (K, TA) that has been much torn: (TA:) pl. saraAy^iHu (K, TA) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ sariyHN. (TA.) ― -b3- And A conspicuous elongated strip of ground, (O, K,) even, (O,) narrow, and having more trees, or shrubs, (O, K,) or, as Az says, having more plants, or herbage, and trees, or shrubs, (TA,) than what is around it, (O, K, TA,) and rising above what surrounds it; (TA;) so that one sees it to be oblong, abounding with trees, or shrubs, what is around it having few trees, or shrubs: and sometimes it is what is termed EaqabapN [app. as meaning a long mountain lying across the way, and over which one passes]: (O, TA:) pl. saraAy^iHu (O, K, * TA) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ sariyHN. (TA.) ― -b4- And An oblong, or enlongated, tract of blood, (K, TA,) when flowing: (TA:) pl. saraAy^iHu (K, * TA) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ sariyHN. (TA.) : see suruHN. ― -b2- Also Tall; (S, K;) as an epithet applied to a man. (TA.) -A2- And Locusts, or the locust. (S, O, K, TA. [In the CK, and in my MS. copy of the K, AljawAdu is erroneously put for AljaraAdu.]) And A^um~u siroyaAHK The female locust: (Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, IB.) and the name of A certain woman, (S, K,) in one instance only. (Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, IB.) ― -b2- Als~iroyaAHu, (K,) or siroyaAHN, (O,) is the name of A certain dog. (O, K.) [probably meaning Quick, or quick and easy in pace, like suruHN,] the name of a horse of El-Mohallak Ibn-Hantam. (O, K.) and saAriHapN: see saroHN, second sentence, in three places. maA lahu saAriHapN walaA raAy^iHapN [lit. He has not any camels, &c., that go away to pasture, nor any that return from pasture,] means (assumed tropical:) he has not anything: (S, TA:) and sometimes it means (assumed tropical:) he has not any people, or party. (Lh, TA.) ― -b2- sayolN saAriHN A torrent running, or flowing, easily. (Aboo-Sa'eed, A, TA.) -A2- saAriHN is also used as a subst., signifying A pastor who sends forth, or sets free, camels, or cattle, to pasture, or to pasture where they please, by themselves, or who sends them forth in the morning to the pasturage: and a people, or party, having camels, or cattle, pasturing, or pasturing where they please, by themselves, or sent forth in the morning to the pasturage. (TA.) A place of pasturage: (K:) or a place into which beasts are sent forth, or sent forth in the morning, to pasture: (O:) pl. masaAriHu. (TA.) lahu A_ibilN qaliylaAtu AlmasaAriHi occurs in a trad., of UmmZara, meaning [He has camels whose places of pasturage are few; i. e.] his camels do not go forth into distant pasturage, but lie down in his outer court, or yard, in order that they may be near by to supply the guests with their milk and their flesh. (TA.) A comb. (O, K.) ― -b2- And [the dual] misoraHaAni Two wooden things, or two pieces of wood, [composing a yoke,] that are bound upon the neck of the bull with which one ploughs. (AHn, TA.) An instrument with which hair and flax or the like are separated and combed. (TA.) The saraAb [or mirage]: (K: [in some copies of which, Al$~araAbu is put in the place of Als~araAbu:]) mentioned on the authority of Th; but he was not sure of its correctness: (TA:) a dial. var. of ma$oruwHN in this sense. (TA in art. $rH.) ; and its fem., with p: see suruHN, in two places. ― -b2- Also the former, (K, TA,) applied to a man, (TA,) Lying upon his back, or lying as though thrown down or extended, and parting his legs. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And Denuded, or divested, of his clothes; or making himself to be so: or having few clothes; lightly clad: (TA:) or coming, or going, forth from his clothes; (S, O, K;) or so munosariHN mino viyaAbihi. (A.) [Hence,] one says, huwa munosariHN mino A^avowaAbi Alkarami (tropical:) He is divested, or divesting himself, of the apparel of generosity. (A.) ― -b4- And [applied to a camel as meaning] Divested of his wabar [i. e. fur, or soft hair]. (TA.) ― -b5- AlmunosariHu is also the name of A kind of verse; (S, O, K;) [namely, the tenth;] the [full] measure of which is musotafoEiluno mafoEuwlaAtu musotafoEiluno twice. (O.) srHb , applied to a mare, Long-bodied; (S, K; *) [said to be] applied only to a female: (S:) or, as some say, a mare that moves the fore legs quickly in running: and a horse of generous race, or excellent, and light, or active: said by Az to be mostly applied to the horse-kind, but restricted by some to the female. (TA.) And A she-camel swift, and long [in the body]. (TA.) It is also applied to a man, (K,) meaning Tall, and beautiful in body: and with p, to a woman: but not known to the Kilábees as applied to a human being. (TA.) ― -b2- Als~uroHuwbu The jackal; syn. Aibonu A=waY. (K.) ― -b3- And A certain blind devil, dwelling in the sea. (K.) -A2- suroHuwbo suroHuwbo, (K, TA,) with the b quiescent, (TA,) [in the CK with bu,] A cry by which the ewe is called on the occasion of milking. (K.) srHl ; fem with p: see siroHaAnN, in art. srH. srd sarada, aor. , inf. n. sarodN, He carried on a thing, or put it forward from one stage to another, in regular order, consecutively, or one part immediately after another, uninterruptedly; he made it consecutive, successive, or uninterrupted, in its progressions, or gradations, or the like: (M, L:) [and so ↓ sr~d, inf. n. tasoriydN; or this may have an intensive signification.] ― -b2- You say, sarada Ald~iroEa, (A,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He fabricated the coat of mail (S, A, K) by inserting the rings one into another: (S, A:) [and so (as appears from an explanation of its pass. part. n.) ↓ sr~dhA; or this may have an intensive signification:] and zaradahaA signifies the same. (K in art. zrd.) [See also sarodN below.] ― -b3- And sarada Al$~aYo'a (M,) inf. n. as above; (M, K;) and ↓ sr~dhu, (M,) inf. n. tasoriydN; (K;) and ↓ Asrdhu, (M,) inf. n. A_isoraAdN; (TA;) He perforated the thing [as one does in fabricating a coat of mail, (see, again, sarodN, below,) and in sewing leather]: (M, K:) some say that sarodN signifies the act of perforating. (S.) ― -b4- And sarada Aln~aEola wagayorahaA, [inf. n. as above and siraAdN,] He sewed the sandal &c.; (A;) [as also ↓ sr~d, for] sarodN (S, K) and siraAdN (K.;) and ↓ tasoriydN (S, K) signify the sewing of leather. (S, K.) ― -b5- And sarada xuf~a AlbaEiyri, inf. n. sarodN, i. q. xaSafahu biAlqid~i [app. meaning He covered the camel's foot with thongs interwoven]. (M.) ― -b6- And sarada AlHadiyva (M, A, Msb) wanaHowahu, (M,) aor. , (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. sarodN; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ sr~dhu; (TA;) (tropical:) He carried on, or continued, uninterruptedly, (S, * M, A, Msb, K, *) and well, (S, K,) the narrative, or tradition, or discourse, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and the like; (M;) and in like manner,AlqiraA='apa the recitation, or reading: (A:) from sarada Ald~iroEa and Aln~iEaAla [or Aln~aEola, expl. above]: (Har p. 307:) and sarada AlquroA=na He carried on, or continued, uninterruptedly and with rapidity the recitation, or reading, of the Kur-án. (M, L.) And sarada AlS~awoma (Sudot;, K *) or AlS~iyaAma, (TA,) and Sawomahu, aor. , inf. n. sarodN, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He continued uninterruptedly the fast, (S, K,) and his fast. (K. [See also what next follows.]) -A2- sarida, aor. , (K,) inf. n. saradN, (TK,) He (a man, TA) fasted uninterruptedly. (K.) see the preceding paragraph, in six places. see 1. -A2- Asrd Aln~axolu The palm-trees had hard green dates, which are termed saraAd. (K.) (tropical:) The pearls, or large pearls, followed one another, or did so uninterruptedly, upon the string. (A.) And tsr~d damoEuhu kamaA yatasar~adu All~uw^oluw^u (tropical:) His tears followed one another, or did so uninterruptedly, like as do pearls. (A.) And tsr~d AlHadiyvu, and, AlqiraA='apu, (tropical:) The narrative, or tradition, and the recitation, or reading, was carried on, or continued, uninterruptedly [and well: see 1]. (A.) , (S, M, K,) inf. n. AisorinodaA='N, (S,) It (a thing, M) prevailed against him, or overcame him; (S, * M, K; *) like AigoranodaAhu: (S, * K:) these two are said to be the only verbs of this measure: (TA:) [but several others should be added; as AiEolanodaY and AikolanodaY and AigolanotaY:] the Y in AsrndY [and the like] is to render it quasi-coordinate to [quadriliteral-radical verbs of the measure] AifoEanolala. (S.) A rájiz says, qado jaEala Aln~uEaAsu yagoranodiyniY A^aToruduhu Ean~iY wayasoranodiyniY [Drowsiness was beginning to prevail against me; I driving it from me, and it overcoming me]. (S, M; but in the latter, with A^adofaEuhu in the place of A^aToruduhu.) inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) [Hence,] waqad~iro fiY A@ls~arodi, in the Kur xxxiv. 10, means And do thou make a due adaptation of the rings in the fabrication of the coats of mail: (Bd, Jel:) or and do thou properly adapt the nails, or pins, and the holes of the rings, [in the fabrication,] not making the former thick and the latter small, nor the reverse: (M, Bd, * L:) or Als~arod means Als~amor [i. e. the nailing, or the making firm, or fast, with nails], (Zj, M, L,) in this instance. (Zj, L.) -A2- Also (assumed tropical:) Coats of mail; (S, M, L, K;) a gen. n. in this sense: (S, K:) [and a single coat of mail; like zarodN and zaradN:] and (tropical:) any other Halaq [properly signifying rings, but here meaning mail]; (S, A, K;) [i. e.] it signifies also the like of coats of mail, made of Halaq: (M, L:) [said to be] so called because the two extremities of each ring are perforated by the nail, or pin; and these rings are [termed] ↓ Almusoradu: (L:) [if so, the word is an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n.,] see masoruwdN, [and then as a subst.; and, being originally an inf. n., it is used alike as sing. and pl.; or, as Z says,] it is an inf. n. used as a subst.: (A:) or Als~arodu, as some say, means Als~amoru, [as mentioned above,] and ↓ Als~aradu means AlHalaqu [like Alz~aradu]. (M.) -A3- Also (tropical:) Consecutive, or following one another: so in the phrase nujuwmN sarodN (tropical:) [Stars that are consecutive: the epithet retaining the masc. sing. form, though applied to a pl. subst., because originally an inf. n.; like EadolN in the phrase rijaAlN EadolN]. (A.) So too as an epithet applied to three of the sacred months, in the saying, valaAvapN sarodN wawaAHidN farodN [Three are consecutive and one is separate]: (A:) thus an Arab of the desert answered when asked if he knew the sacred months: (S, M, Msb:) the srd are Dhu-l-Kaadeh and Dhu-l-Hijjeh and El-Moharram, and the frd is Rejeb. (S, M.) : see Als~aradu in the next preceding paragraph. Hard green dates: (K:) and dates that are injured by want of water, (K, TA,) and consequently dry up before ripening: (TA:) or unripe dates that drop before attaining to maturity, while green: n. un. with p: (AHn, M, TA:) or the latter signifies a date that becomes sweet before it becomes coloured, being such as is termed a balaHap. (M, TA.) [See busorN.] -A2- See also misoradN. -A3- [saraAdN and suruwdN said by Golius, and by Freytag after him, to signify the same as the “ Pers. ramiydano Pavidum fugacemque esse, ” as on the authority of the KL, are mistranscriptions for $iraAdN and $uruwdN, which I find thus expl. in the KL.] : see misoradN : see misoradN in two places. The art of fabricating coats of mail; as also ziraAdapN. (TA in art. zrd.) A fabricator of coats of mail; (TA in art. zrd;) i. q. zar~aAdN. (M and TA in art. zrd.) ― -b2- And A sewer of leather; (TA;) as also ↓ saAridN. (AA, L, TA.) : and saromadiY~N: see art. srmd. Strong: (S, M, K:) or bold, daring, brave, or courageous: (M:) and quick in his affairs: (K:) or a man who goes on, or advances, boldly; derived from Als~arodu: (Sb, TA:) [accord. to Sb, therefore, this is its proper art; but accord. to the K, its proper art. is srnd, in which F mentions it again: it is perfectly decl., i. e., with tenween, for] the fem, is saranodaApN. (S, TA.) ― -b2- Also A sword that penetrates the thing that it strikes. (L.) : see sar~aAdN. : see sarodN. (S, M, A, L, Msb) and ↓ siraAdN (S, M, A, L) An instrument for perforating: (M, L, Msb:) and, (M,) or as some say, (Msb,) an instrument with which leather is sewed; (S;) syn. mixorazN; (M, L, Msb;) or A_i$ofFY; which is [said to be] the same thing as the mixoraz; (L;) as also ↓ sariydN: (K:) or an [instrument of the kind called] A_i$ofFY that has a hole at its extremity; (A;) and so ↓ sariydN and ↓ saraAdN. (TA: [but the last I think a mistake for siraAd.]) ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, huwa A@bonu misoradK, (K,) or huwa A@bonu A^um~i misoradK, (A,) (tropical:) He is the son of a female slave: (A, K:) because she is a sewer of skins, or leather: (A:) an expression of vituperation. (K.) ― -b3- [Hence, likewise,] misoradN also signifies (tropical:) The tongue. (M, A.) So in the saying, fulaAnN yaxoriqu AlA^aEoraADa bimisoradihi (tropical:) [Such a one wounds reputations with his tongue]. (A.) -A2- Also A sandal having its lisaAn [or tongue, i. e. the thing projecting in its fore part,] faced with another piece sewed on. (M, L.) ; and its fem., with p: see the next paragraph, in three places. and ↓ musar~adN [app. A sewing of leather or skin carried on in regular and uninterrupted order]. (S. [In one of my copies of the S, I find xaraz in the place of xaroz; and so in the L; but the latter appears from the context to be the right reading.]) ― -b2- And likewise diroEN masoruwdapN and ↓ musar~adapN, (S,) or diroEN masoruwdN, and ↓ labuwsN musar~adN, [though diroEN and labuwsN are both generally fem.,] and ↓ laA^omapN sarodN, [in which the epithet retains the masc. form because originally an inf. n., like EadolN in the phrase AimoraA^apN EadolN,] A coat of mail fabricated by inserting the rings one into another. (A.) And masoruwdapN signifies A coat of mail (diroEN) perforated [in its rings]. (S.) (tropical:) Pearls following one another, or doing so uninterruptedly. (A.) And maA$K mutasar~idN (tropical:) One walking, or going, with consecutive, or uninterrupted, steps. (A.) [A thing] that overcomes one. (S.) srdAb , an arabicized word, (K,) from [the Pers.] sarodN [i. e. “ cold ”] and A=bo [“ water ”], (TA,) A subterranean structure, for the summer: (El-Ahmar, K:) or a narrow place into which one enters: (Msb:) [applied in the present day to a cellar, or subterranean vault, in which anything is put to be kept cool:] pl. saraAdibu (Msb) [or saraAdiybu]. A people of those who compose the extravagant zealots of the [sect called] raAfiDap [q. v.], who expect El-Mahdee's coming forth from the sirodaAb that is in Rei, wherefore they bring a saddled and bridled horse every Friday, after the prayer [of the congregations at noon], saying, “ O Imám: in the name of God: ” three times. (TA.) srdq [Q. 1. sarodaqa, inf. n. sarodaqapN, He covered a house with an awning over its interior court, as a protection from the heat of the sun: so accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL: and the same is indicated by the explanation of the pass. part. n. in the PS: but in the KL, I find only the inf. n. expl. by saraAParodaho karodano: the verb may, however, be better expl. as signifying he furnished with a suraAdiq, q. v.] , said by El-Jawáleekee to be an arabicized word from [the Pers.] saraAdaro or saraATaAqo, (MF,) An awning extended over the interior court of a house: (S, O, Msb, K:) [and the cover of a tent:] and any tent of cotton: (S, O, K, and mentioned in the Msb as on the authority of J:) or a [ tent of the kind called] fusoTaAT; (Bd in xviii. 28;) so says AO: (Msb:) also (Msb) an enclosure around a xayomap [or tent], consisting of pieces of cloth, without a roof: (Mgh, Msb:) or an enclosure (Hujorap) around a fusoTaAT: (Ksh and Bd ubi suprá:) or what surrounds the [tent called] xayomap and the [tent called] qub~ap: (Ham p. 772:) or any wall or enclosure, or [tent such as is called] miDorab or [such as is called] xibaA=' that surrounds a thing: (IAth, TA:) pl. suraAdiqaAtN: (S O, K:) it has this pl., though it is masc., because. it has no broken pl. (Sb, TA.) ElKedhdháb El-Hirmázee says, not Ru-beh as in the “ Book ” of Sb [and in the S], addressing Hakam Ibn-El-Mundhir Ibn-El-Járood, suraAdiqu Almajodi Ealayoka mamoduwdo (assumed tropical:) [The canopy of glory is extended over thee]. (O, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Dust rising; or spreading, or diffusing itself. (Az, O, K.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) Smoke rising high, and surrounding a thing. (Az, O, K.) ― -b4- In the Kur xviii. 28, it is applied to what will surround the unbelievers, of the fire of Hell, (Ksh, Bd,) as being likened to a fusoTaAT, (Bd,) or to an enclosure around a fsTAT; or as meaning the smoke of the fire; or a wall thereof. (Ksh, Bd.) (Lth, S, &c.) [A house, or tent,] having a suraAdiq: (Ksh in xviii. 28, and PS:) or having the whole of its upper part, and of its lower part, ma$oduwd [accord. to the TK here meaning curtained, which seems to be the only apposite rendering, but I know not any authority for it], (Lth, JK, O, K, TA,) or masoduwd [i. e. closed, &c.]. (So in the CK.) srT , aor. , inf. n. saraTN (S, M, Msb, K) and saraTaAnN; (M, K;) and saraTahu; (Sgh, K;) but the former is the more chaste, and is the form commonly known, and the latter is by some disallowed; (TA;) He swallowed it: (S, M, Msb, K:) or, as in some of the copies of the S, without chewing: or, accord. to the A, by little and little: (TA:) and ↓ AstrThu signifies the same; (S, M, Msb, K;) and so ↓ tsr~Thu: (As, K:) and in like manner, zaridahu and Azdrdhu (TA) [and tzr~dhu]. It is said in a prov., laA takuno HulowFA fatusoraTa walaA mur~FA fatuEoqaY Be not thou sweet, so that thou shouldest be swallowed; nor bitter, so that thou shouldest be put out of the mouth because of thy bitterness: (S, TA:) or, accord. to one relation, fatuEoqiYa, i. e., so that thou shouldest be disliked for being very bitter: used in enjoining the taking of a middle course of conduct: so in the O. (TA.) I put my fore arm upon his throat [from behind him], to strangle him, or throttle him. (TA in art. *rE.) see 1. It (a thing, M) passed easily in his throat. (M, K.) see 1. : see art. srTm. A man that swallows quickly; (Ibn- 'Abbád, O;) as also ↓ suraTapN (Ibn-'Abbád, O) and ↓ suraToriTN: (O:) or ↓ saraToraTN (so accord. to the TA) and ↓ misoraTN and ↓ sar~aATN a man that eats quickly: (TA:) or the first, and ↓ saraTaAnN and ↓ siroTiyTN, (M, K,) a man (M) that swallows well, (M,) or largely. (K.) [See also suraATiY~N.] ― -b2- Also, and ↓ saraTaAnN, (M, K,) (tropical:) A horse (M, TA) that runs vehemently. (M, * K, TA.) [See again suraATiY~N.] : see the next preceding paragraph. and saroTamN: see suraATiY~N, in three places. ― -b2- Hence, (M,) the former also signifies (assumed tropical:) An eloquent speaker; (M, K;) as also ↓ saraTaAnN. (TA.) [See also art. srTm.] : see suraTN, in two places: and sur~ayoTaY: and siroTimN. -A2- Also [The crab;] a certain aquatic creature; (S) a certain animal of the sea; (Msb;) a certain creeping thing (daAb~ap), of aquatic creatures; (M;) a certain fluvial creeping thing (dAb~p); and also a marine kind, which is an animal that becomes hard like stone: the former kind is of much utility; the quantity of three mavaAqiyl of its ashes, when burnt in a cooking-pot of copper (nuHaAsK A^aHomara [for the latter of which words we find in the CK xum~ira]), with water or wine, or with half its weight of gentian (jinoTiyaAnaA), is very good against the bite of the mad dog; if its eye be hung upon a person affected with a tertian fever, he is cured; and if its leg be hung upon a tree, its fruit falls spontaneously: (K:) this is [said of] the srTAn that is bred in rivers: (TA:) of the marine kind, what is burnt is an ingredient in collyriums, (K,) for removing whiteness, (TA,) and in dentifrices (sanuwnaAt, so in copies of the K and in the TA [but in the CK, erroneously, sufuwfaAt]), and strengthens the gum: (TA:) pl. saraTaAnaAtN. (Msb.) ― -b2- Als~araTaAnu is also the name of (assumed tropical:) A certain sign of the Zodiac; (S, M, K;) [Cancer;] the fourth sign; so called because resembling the creature above mentioned in form. (TA.) ― -b3- [The disease called cancer;] a black-biliary tumour, which begins like an almond, and smaller, and when it becomes large, there appear upon it veins, red and green, resembling the legs of the saraTaAn: there is no hope for its cure; and it is treated medicinally only in order that it may not increase: (K:) a certain disease that attacks men and beasts: (M:) it is also (K) a certain disease in the pastern of a beast, rendering it hard, or rigid, so that the animal inverts his hoof: (S, K:) a certain disease that appears in the legs of beasts: (T, TA:) some say that it is a disease which affects a man in his fauces, having relation to the blood, and resembling the dubayolap [which is explained by ISh, in describing the disease termed *aAtu Aljanobi, as an ulcer that perforates the belly]: and some say, that it is [the disease called] daA='u Alfiyli. (TA.) : see suraTo. or saraToraTN: see suraTN. (Lth, Lh, S, M, K) and saraToraATN, (Lth, M, K,) the former said by Az to be a good form, like jilib~aAbN and sijil~aATN, but the latter to be the only instance of its form known to him, (TA,) and ↓ surayoTN, like zubayorN, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ sur~ayoTN, (as in the M,) like qub~ayoTN, (TA, [in which this is said to be the right form,]) [The kind of sweet food called] faAluw*N, [Lh, S, M, K,) or faAluw*ajN; (as in some copies of the K and in the TA;) so called because very delicious to eat and swallow, from saraTN signifying the “ act of swallowing; ” (Az, TA;) of the dial. of Syria: (Lh, M:) or [the kind of sweet food called] xabiySN. (M, K.) : see suraATiY~N. A road, or way: (Msb:) or a conspicuous road or way; (M, K;) so called because he who goes away on it disappears like food that is swallowed; (K) i. q. SiraATN, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is of the dial. of the early Kureysh, (Fr,) and is the more approved, on account of the mutual resemblance [of the S and T], (M, K,) though the former is the original; (M, Msb, K;) and ziraATN; for the saying that the pronunciation with the pure z is a mistake, is [itself] a mistake: (K:) [ISd says,] As mentions the reading Alz~iraAT, with the pure z; but this is a mistake; for he only heard the resemblance, and imagined it to be z; and As was not a grammarian, that he should be trusted in this matter: (M:) this is [itself, however,] a mistake; for AA is related to have read Alz~rAT, and the same is related of Hamzeh, by Ks. (TA.) One says also, huwa fiY diynihi EalaY siraATK musotaqiymK (tropical:) [He is, in respect of his religion, on, or in, a right way]. (TA.) [It is fem. as well as masc.: see zuqaAqN.] : see suraATiY~N. : see siriToraATN: ― -b2- and sur~ayoTaY. : see surayoTaA='u: ― -b2- and sur~ayoTaY. A great eater; (K;) as also ↓ sirowaATN (Seer, M, K,) and ↓ siroTimN: (K:) or one who swallows everything; as also ↓ sirowaATN (M) and ↓ siroTimN and ↓ saroTamN; (Lh, M;) from AlAisotiraATu; the m, accord. to IJ, being augmentative; (M;) and so ↓ sirowaTN. (TA.) [See also suraTN.] ― -b2- Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ suraATN, (M, K,) (tropical:) A sword that cuts (S, K, TA) much, or well; (K, TA;) that passes into the object that is struck with it; (M, TA;) that goes quickly into the flesh. (Ibn- Habeeb, O, in explanation of the former word.) ― -b3- suraATiY~u AljaroYi (tropical:) A horse that runs vehemently. (K, TA.) [See again suraTN.] , (Jm, M, K, TA,) or ↓ surayoTaY, (L,) A kind of soup, or food that is supped, (Jm, M, K, TA,) like xaziyrap [q. v.]; (Jm, M, TA;) in the K, erroneously, like Hariyrap: (TA:) or resembling xaziyrap. (L in explanation of the latter word.) ― -b2- See also sur~ayoTaY. : see suraATiY~N, in two places. : see suraTN. : see siriToraATN: ― -b2- and see also the paragraph here following. a word occurring in the following prov.: AlA^axo*u sur~ayoTaY waAlqaDaA='u Dur~ayoTaY, (S, K,) or ↓ surayoTaY and DurayoTaY, (so in a copy of the M, without teshdeed,) and one says also ↓ sir~iyTaY and Dir~iyTaY, (O, K,) and ↓ surayoTaA='u and DurayoTaA='u, (O, K, TA, in the CK surayoTA and Dur~ayoTN,) and ↓ surayoTN and DurayoTN, (K, and so in a copy of the S,) each like zubayurN, (TA,) or ↓ sur~ayoTN and Dur~ayoTN, (so in another copy of the S,) or both, (M,) [Taking, or receiving, is a swallowing, and paying is a making with the mouth a sound like that of the emission of wind from the anus; i. e.] one takes, or receives, a loan, or the like, (S, M, O, K,) and swallows it, (M, O, K,) and when payment is demanded of him he makes with his mouth a sound like that of the emission of wind from the anus: (S, M, O, K, TA:) meaning that taking, or receiving, is liked, and paying is disliked: (TA:) and ↓ AlA^axo*u saraTaAnN, (O, K,) or, as some relate it, salajaAnN, (O,) waAlqaDaA='u lay~aAnN. (O, K. [See 1 in art. slj.]) : see the next preceding paragraph. and ↓ misoraTN The gullet: (M, K:) also written with S. (M.) : see what next precedes: ― -b2- and see also suraTN. srTm He (a man) was, or became, silent. (Sh, TA in art. rTm.) ― -b2- [From what follows, it would seem to signify also He was perspicuous in speech, or eloquent.] Long, or tall; (S, K;) as also ↓ siroTimN: (K:) in the latter sense, the former epithet is applied to a man; as also ↓ siroTuwmN and ↓ suraATimN: (M:) and a poet (namely 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, TA) uses the phrase saroTamu All~aHoyayoni [long in the two jaw-bones]. (S.) ― -b2- And The gullet; because of its width. (M.) ― -b3- And, as also ↓ siroTimN, Wide in the fauces, quick in swallowing, (M, K,) or that swallows much, (TA,) with [largeness of] body and make: (M, K:) or that swallows everything: held by Kh to be of the triliteral-radical class; (M, TA;) and mentioned in art. srT. (TA. [See suraATiY~N.]) ― -b4- And hence ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) An eloquent speaker: (M in art. srT and in the present art., and K * in the former:) or perspicuous in speech; (M and K in the present art.;) as also saroTamN. (K.) ― -b5- saroTamN is also expl. as meaning Al*Y ystwEb AlzmAm [which may be rendered That takes the whole of the nose-rein, or leading-rope; but the exact meaning must be determined from the context]; and so ↓ suroTumaAnN. (Freytag, from the Deewán of Jereer.) : see saroTamN, in three places. : see saroTamN, last sentence. : see saroTamN, first sentence. : see saroTamN, first sentence. srE , aor. , inf. n. siraEN (S, Msb, K) and saraEN (TA [and mentioned in the K, but app. as a simple subst.,]) and siroEN and saroEN and saraAEapN (TA) and suroEapN, (K,) or this last is a simple subst. from A^asoraEa, (Msb,) [but it is also generally used as syn. with the inf. ns. before mentioned when they are employed as simple substs., and is more common than any of them,] He, or it, was quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet: [in course, tendency, action, speech, &c.:] (S, K:) or, said of a man, i. q. A^asoraEa [which may mean as above, or he hastened, made haste, or sped,] in his speech and in his actions: (IAar, TA:) but Sb makes a difference between saruEa and A^asoraEa: see the latter below: (TA:) one says also sariEa, aor. ; a dial. var. of saruEa: and ↓ tsr~E, said of an affair, or event, signifies the same as saruEa. (TA.) One says, Als~iraEa Als~iraEa like AlwaHaA='a AlwaHaA='a, (S, K,) i. e. [Make thou] haste; or haste to be first, or before, or beforehand: haste; or haste to be first, &c. (S and TA in art. wHY.) And saruEa maA faEalota *aAka, (S, * TA,) and saroEa, which is a contraction of the former; for the Arabs contract by the suppression of dammeh and kesreh because they are difficult of pronunciation, saying faxo*N for faxi*N and EaDodN for EaDodN, but one should not say HajorN for HajarN, (S, TA,) or the like, accord. to the Basrees, though the Koofees allow the contraction in the case of fet-hah also, as in salofa for salafa; (M in art. slf;) and one says also suroEa, as a contraction of saruEa; all meaning saroEaAna [i. e. Quick was thy doing that: or how quick was thy doing that! or, which is nearly the same, excellently quick was thy doing that; for saruEa is similar to qaDuwa and ramuwa, denoting excellence]. (TA.) see 4. signifies The hastening with another; or vying, or striving, with another, in hastening; or hastening to be, or get, before another or others; (S, K;) A_ilaY $aYo'K to a thing; (S;) as also ↓ tasaAruEN; syn. mubaAdarapN; (S, K;) with which, also, [not, however, as it is expl. above, but in the sense of buduwrN, i. e. simply the hastening to a thing,] ↓ A_isoraAEN is syn. (TA.) One says, saAraEuwA A_ilaY ka*aA and A_ilayohi ↓ tsArEwA, [They hastened, one with another, &c., to such a thing,] both signifying the same. (S.) And [of a single person,] sArE A_ilaY Al$~aYo'i He hastened to the thing; syn. bAdr. (Msb.) And it is said in the Kur [iii. 127], wasaAriEuwA A_ilaY magofirapK mino rab~ikumo [And vie ye, one with another, in hastening to obtain forgiveness from your Lord]. (TA.) And again, [iii. 170,] A@l~a*iyna yusaAriEuwna fiY Alkufori Who fall into unbelief hastily, or quickly, (Bd, Jel,) and eagerly. (Bd.) is originally trans.; (S, K;) [signifying He quickened, or hastened, himself, or his going, &c.;] and hence the saying, in a trad., A_i*aA mar~a A^aHadukumo biTirobaAlK maAy^ilK faloyusoriEi Alma$oYa [When any one of you passes by a high wall, or the like, that is inclining, let him quicken, or hasten, the pace, or going]. (K, * TA.) But [it is used also elliptically, as meaning He hastened, in an intrans. sense; he made haste; he sped; he went quickly; and hence] you say, AsrE fiY Als~ayori, (S, K,) like saruEa [He was quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet, in going, journeying, or pace]: (K:) or [rather he hastened, made haste, or sped, therein; for] AsrE signifies he endeavoured, or sought, and affected, to be quick, &c., as though he hastened the pace, or going; but ↓ saruEa denotes what is as it were an innate quality: (Sb:) the verb being originally trans., when you say of one AsrE fY Alsyr it is as though [meaning] he urged himself forward with haste; or he quickened, or hastened, the pace, or going; and it is only because the meaning is understood by the persons addressing one another, that the objective complement is not expressed: (Lth, K:) or the verb may be trans. by means of a particle and without a particle: or when made immediately trans., the phrase may be meant to be understood as elliptical. (TA.) [Accord. to Fei,] AsrE fiY ma$oyihi, &c., inf. n. A_isoraAEN, is originally AsrE ma$oyahu [He quickened, or hastened, his pace, or going]; fY being redundant; or AsrE AlHarakapa fiY ma$oyihi [he quickened, or hastened, the motion in his going]: and AsrE A_ilayohi means AsrE AlmuDiY~a A_ilayohi [he quickened, or hastened, the going to him]. (Msb.) ↓ sr~E is syn. with AsrE. (TA.) And you say, A_ilaY Al$~ar~i ↓ tsr~E, (S, K,) meaning He hastened, or made haste, to [do] evil, or mischief; (K;) as also tzr~E. (Sgh and K in art. zrE.) And ↓ tsr~E biAlA^amori He hastened to do the thing, or affair; syn. baAdara bihi. (TA.) See also 3. ― -b2- AsrE A_ilayohi occurs in a trad. as meaning He was quick, or hasty, in being angry with him, or in blaming him, or in reviling him. (Mgh.) ― -b3- AsrE bihi: see [its contr.] baT~aA^a bihi. ― -b4- A^asoraEuwA signifies also, Their beasts on which they rode were, or became, quick, swift, or fleet. (AZ, S, K.) -A2- maA A^asoraEa maA SanaEota ka*aA [How quick was thy doing that!]. (S, K.) see 1 and 4; the latter in two places. see 3, in two places. [originally an inf. n. of saruEa, like siroEN and saraEN accord. to the TA]: see sariyEN, in two places. : see [1 and] suroEapN. : see sariyEN. Quickness, expedition, haste, speed, rapidity, swiftness, or fleetness; [of course, tendency, action, speech, &c.;] (S, K;) as also ↓ saraEN; (K;) [the former said in the K, and the latter in the TA, to be an inf. n. of saruEa:] and a hastening, making haste, or speeding; i. q. A_isoraAEN [inf. n. of 4]; (TA;) or a subst. therefrom. (Msb.) You say, Eajibotu mino suroEapi *aAka [I wondered at the quickness, &c., of that]. (S.) and suroEaAna and siroEaAna (S, K) and ↓ saruEaAna, the last with damm to the r (IAar,) occurring in the phrase srEAna *aA xuruwjFA, (IAar, S, K,) meaning saruEa *aA xuruwjFA [Quick is this in coming forth: or how quick is this in coming forth! or, which is nearly the same, excellently quick &c.], (S, K,) are dial. vars., changed from the original form, which is saruEa, and, for this reason, (S,) made indecl., with the final vowel of saruEa for their termination. (S, K.) The word srEAn is used as a simple enunciative [placed before its inchoative], and also as an enunciative denoting wonder: [see buToA=na:] and hence the saying, (K,) lasaroEaAna maA SanaEota ka*aA How quick was thy doing that! (S, K.) The saying saraEaAna *aA A_ihaAlapN originated from the fact that a man had a lean ewe, her snivel running from her nostrils by reason of her leanness, and it being said to him “ What is this? ” he answered, “ Her grease: ” whereupon the asker said as above: the last word is in the accus. case as a denotative of state; and the meaning is, Quick, or how quick, is this snivel [coming forth] in the state of melted grease! or the last word is a specificative, under the supposition that the action is transferred [from its proper agent, which thus becomes a specificative], as in the phrase taSab~aba zayodN EaraqFA; and the meaning to be understood is, Quick, or how quick, is the melted grease of this! the saying is applied to him who tells of a thing's coming to pass before its time: (O, K:) it is a prov. (TA.) -A2- saroEaAnu; and its fem., saroEaY: see sariyEN, in two places: see also the paragraph here next following, in two places, , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ saroEaAnu AlnAs, (IAar, K,) The first, or foremost, of the men, or people, (IAar, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) striving, one with another, to be the first to do a thing; (K;) so says As, with reference to soldiers hastening: (TA:) the former word in this phrase is [distinguished from saroEaAna in being] declinable in every case: (S:) in two trads. in which the phrase occurs, we find it differently related, saraEaAn and suroEaAn; the latter being pl. of sariyEN. (TA.) saraEaAnu Alxayoli, also, signifies The first or foremost, of the horsemen, and sometimes they said Alxyl ↓ saroEaAnu. (K.) Abu-l-'Abbás says that when srEAn is an epithet applied to men, it has both of the above-mentioned forms; but when applied to others, the former is the more chaste, though the latter is allowable. (TA.) : see saroEaAna. ; and its fem., with p: see what next follows, in three places. Quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet; [in course, tendency, action, speech, &c.;] (S, Msb, * TA;) as also ↓ sariEN [and ↓ saroEN] and ↓ suraAEN, of which the fem. is with p, and ↓ saroEaAnu, of which the fem. is saroEaY; (TA;) i. q. ↓ musoriEN, (K,) which signifies as above; (TA;) [and which also signifies hastening, making haste, or speeding;] and ↓ misoraEN, also, signifies quick, &c., (sariyE,) to [do] good or evil: (K:) the pl. of sryE is suroEaAnN, (K,) and siraAEN is [also a pl. of the same,] syn. with musoriEuwna. (Msb.) You say, farasN sariyEN and ↓ suraAEN [A quick, swift, or fleet, horse]: (IB:) and ↓ HijorN suraAEapN meaning sariyEapN [a quick, swift, or fleet, mare]. (K.) And ↓ AisoEa EalaY rijolika Als~aroEaY [Go thou quickly; lit. go thou, or walk thou, or run thou, upon thy quick, or swift, leg]. (Fr.) And ↓ jaA='a saroEFA meaning sariyEFA [He, or it, came quickly, hastily, speedily, &c.]. (TA.) And God is said [in the Kur ii. 198, &c.] to be sariyEu AlHisaAbi [Quick in reckoning], meaning that his reckoning will inevitably come to pass; or that one reckoning will not divert Him from another reckoning, nor one thing from another thing; or that his actions are quick, none of them being later than He desireth, because it is done without manual operation and without effort, so that He will reckon with mankind, after raising them from death and congregating them, in the twinkling of an eye, without numbering, or calculating: (K:) and [in like manner He is said in the same, chap. vi., last verse, to be] sariyEu AlEiqaAbi [quick in punishing]. (El-Mufradát, B.) ― -b2- Also A certain kind of going, or pace; coupled with sunobukN, which signifies another kind thereof. (Ibn-Habeeb, TA.) ― -b3- [Als~ariyEu The ninth metre (baHor) in prosody, in which each hemistich originally consisted of musotafoEiluno musotafoEiluno mafoEuwlaAtu.] ― -b4- And A^abuw sariyEK The [shrub called] Earofaj: or the fire that is therein. (K. [See zaHofapN.]) -A2- Also A shoot, or twig, that falls from the ba$aAm [or tree of the balsam of Mekkeh]: pl. siroEaAnN and suroEaAnN. (K.) [More, and most, quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet, of course, tendency, action, speech, &c.]. [It is said, of God, in the Kur vi. 62,] wahuwa A^asoraEu AlHaAsibiyna [And He is the quickest of the reckoners]. (K.) [The fem.] suroEaY is applied to a she-camel by Honeyf El-Hanátim [as meaning Surpassingly quick or fleet]. (IAar, TA in art. bhY.) : see sariyEN. : see sariyEN. Very quick, or hasty, (K, TA,) to [do] good or evil, (K,) or in affairs. (TA.) srf , aor. , inf. n. sarafN, He was ignorant: or he was unmindful, negligent, or heedless. (Msb.) [In these senses it is trans.: you say,] sarifahu, (S, M, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. sarafN, (S, * M, K, *) He was unmindful, negligent, or heedless, of it; (S, M, K;) namely, a thing: (S, M:) and he was ignorant of it: (S, K:) and he missed it; (S, * M, K; * [in the first and third of which, only the inf. n. of the verb in this sense in mentioned, and expl. as syn. with xaTaA^N;]) syn. A^axoTaA^ahu. (M.) And Talabotuhumo fasarifotuhumo I sought them and missed them: or was ignorant of them. (Msb.) And sarifa Alqawoma He passed by the people, or party, and left them behind him. (M.) As relates, of an Arab of the desert, with whom some companions of his made an appointment to meet him in a certain place of the mosque, and to whom he broke his promise, that, being asked respecting that, he said, mararotu bikumo fasarifotukumo, meaning [I passed by you and] I was unmindful of you. (S.) And hence the saying of Jereer, (S, TA,) praising the Benoo-Umeiyeh, (TA,) A^aEoTawoA hunayodapa yaHoduwhaA vamaAniyapN maA fiY EaTaAy^ihimu min~N walaA sarafu meaning [They gave a hundred camels, eight persons driving them, or urging them by singing to them: there was not in their gift reproach for a benefit conferred, nor] unmindfulness: or the meaning is, nor missing (xaTaA^N); that is, they did not miss the proper place of the gift by their giving it to such as did not deserve it and refusing it to the deserving. (S, TA.) You say also, sarifotu yamiynahu I was unacquainted with, or knew not, his oath. (TA.) ― -b2- [sarafN is also, as expl. below, syn. with A_isoraAfN, but as a subst., having no verb properly belonging to it.] -A2- sarafati Al$~ajarapa, (ISk, S, K,) aor. , inf. n. sarofN, (ISk, S,) said of the surofap [q. v.], It ate the leaves of the tree: (ISk, S, K:) and sarafati Alxa$aba is likewise said of the surofap [as meaning it ate the wood]. (Z, TA.) And surifati Al$~ajarapu, (ISk, S, M, TA,) inf. n. sarofN, (ISk,) The tree had its leaves eaten by the surofap: (S:) or was smitten, or lighted on, by the surofap: (ISk, M, TA:) and sarifa Alxa$abu [the wood was eaten by the surofap], the verb in this phrase being quasi-pass. of the verb in the phrase sarafati Als~urofapu Alxa$ab~, like as HaTima and SaEiqa are quasi-passives of the verbs in the phrases HaTamatohu Als~in~u and SaEaqatohu Als~amaA='u: (Z, TA:) and [hence] one says also, sarifa AlT~aEaAmu (tropical:) The wheat, or food, was, or became, cankered, or eaten away; as though smitten, or lighted on, by the surofap. (M, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence also,] surifato A^u*unu Al$~aApi (tropical:) The ear of the sheep, or goat, was entirely cut off. (A, TA.) ― -b3- And sarafato waladahaA (tropical:) She (a mother) injured her child by too much milk. (A, K, * TA.) , (Msb,) inf. n. A_isoraAfN, (M, Msb,) He exceeded, or transgressed, the just, or right, bound, or limit, or measure; acted extravagantly, exorbitantly, or immoderately: (M, Msb:) or A_isoraAfN signifies the being extravagant in expenditure, syn. tabo*iyrN; (K) or so A_isoraAfN fiY Aln~afaqapi: (S, TA:) or, as some say, tb*yr means the “ exceeding in respect of the right objects of expenditure, ” which is ignorance of the [right] manner, and of things that should prevent it; and AsrAf means the exceeding with respect to quantity [in expenditure], and is ignorance of the values of the right objects: (MF in art. b*r:) or the latter signifies the expending otherwise than in obedience of God, (Sufyán, K, * TA,) whether little or much; (TA;) as also ↓ sarafN: (M, TA:) it is also said to mean the eating that which it is not lawful to eat; and this is said to be meant in the Kur vi. 142 or vii. 29: and the putting a thing in a wrong place [as when one expends his money upon a wrong object]: and accord. to Iyás Ibn-Mo'áwiyeh, AlA_isoraAfu is that [action] whereby one falls short of what is due to God. (TA.) You say also, Asrf fiY maAlihi, meaning He was hasty in respect of his property, [i. e. in expending it,] without pursuing the just course, or keeping within due bounds. (M.) And Asrf fiY AlkalaAmi and fiY Alqatoli He exceeded the due bounds, or just limits, in speech, and in slaying. (M.) AlA_isoraAfu fiY Alqatoli, which is forbidden in the Kur xvii. 35, is said to mean The slaying of another than the slayer of one's companion: (Zj, M, Mgh: *) or the slaying the slayer without the authority of the Sultán: or the not being content with slaying one, but slaying a number of persons, because of the high rank of the slain and the low condition of the slayer: or the slaying one higher in rank than the slayer: (Zj, M:) or the slaying two when the slayer is one: or the maining or mutilating [before slaughter]. (Mgh.) A_isoraAfN also signifies The committing of many faults, offences, or crimes, and sins. (TA.) And you say, A^akalahu A_isoraAfFA (TA) and ↓ sarafFA, (M, TA,) meaning He ate it hastily. (M, TA.) He sucked: and ate, gnawed, or devoured. (KL. [App. from surofapN, q. v. See also sarafati Al$~ajarapa, &c., in the latter half of the first paragraph.]) inf. n. of sarifa [q. v.]. (S, * M, Msb, K. *) ― -b2- And also a subst. from A^asorafa; (Msb;) i. q. A_isoraAfN; (M;) signifying Excess, or transgression, of the just, or right, bound, or limit, or measure; extravagant, exorbitant, or immoderate, action or conduct; (M, Msb, TA;) contr. of qaSodN. (S, K.) See also 4, in two places. ― -b3- [Hence,] (tropical:) The overflowing of water from the sides of a watering-trough, or tank; as in the saying, *ahaba maA='u AlHawoDi sarafFA (tropical:) The water of the watering-trough, or tank, [went away running to waste, or] overflowed from its sides: (K, TA:) or sarafu AlmaA='i means (assumed tropical:) what goes, of water, without irrigating and without profit: [or rather its going for nought:] you say, A^arowati Albiy^oru Aln~axiyla wa*ahaba baqiy~apu AlmaA='i sarafFA (assumed tropical:) [The well irrigated the palmtrees, and the rest of the water went for nought, in waste]. (Sh, TA.) ― -b4- And Addictedness (DaraAwapN, S, K, or lahajN M) to a thing, (M,) or in respect of wine. (K, TA.) It is said in a trad. (S, M) of 'Áïsheh, (TA,) A_in~a lil~aHomi sarafFA kasarafi Alxamori [Verily there is an addictedness to flesh-meat like the addictedness to wine]: (S, M, TA:) i. e. he who is accustomed to it is addicted to the eating thereof, like as he who is constantly drinking wine is addicted thereto, having little selfrestraint therefrom: or the meaning here is unmindfulness [of consequences with respect to flesh-meat &c.]: or corruptness of conduct, arising from hardness of heart, and daringness to disobey, and self-impulsion to the gratification of appetite: (TA:) or it may be [that the meaning is, there is an extravagance with respect to flesh-meat &c.,] from AlA_isoraAfu (S, TA) in expenditure for that which is not needed, or otherwise than in obedience [to the law of God]. (TA.) ― -b5- It is also said in a trad., laA yanotahibu Alr~ajulu nuhobapF *aAta sarafK wahuwa muw^ominN, meaning, *aAta $arafK waqadorK kabiyrK [i. e. The man shall not take a thing as spoil that is of high and great estimation, he being a believer]: (K, TA:) [for] people disapprove of that: (TA:) and it is also related with $ [i. e. *At $arafK]. (K.) Ignorant; (IAar, M, Msb, TA;) as also ↓ musorifN: (IAar, TA:) or unmindful, negligent, or heedless. (Msb.) And rajulN sarifN Alfuw^aAdi (tropical:) A man missing, or mistaking, in heart, or mind; negligent, or heedless, therein. (S, K, TA.) And rajulN sarifu AlEaqoli (assumed tropical:) A man having little intellect, or intelligence: or (tropical:) corrupt in intellect; accord. to Z, from sarafati Als~urofapu Alxa$aba, of which the quasipass. is sarifa [q. v.; meaning that it is from sarifN as a part. n. of this latter verb]. (TA.) ― -b2- A^aroDN sarifapN, (S, M, K,) and waAdK sarifN, (M, TA,) A land, and a valley, abounding with the [worm, or caterpillar, or small creeping thing, called] surofap. (S, M, * K, TA.) A certain white thing [or substance] resembling the web of the silkworm. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) [A certain worm, or caterpillar, or small creeping thing;] a small creeping thing that makes for itself a habitation, (S, K,) four-sided, or square, (S,) of fragments of wood, (S, K,) joining them together by means of its spittle, in the form of a naAw^uws [here meaning coffin], (S,) which it then enters, and [therein it] dies: (S, K:) or the silkworm: or a certain small creeping thing, dust-coloured, that constructs a beautiful habitation in which it is: or a very small creeping thing, like the half of a lentil, that bores a tree, and then constructs therein a habitation of pieces of wood, which it conjoins by means of what resembles the web of the spider: or a very small dust-coloured creeping thing, that comes to a piece of wood and excavates it, and then brings a bit of wood and puts it therein, then another, then another, and then weaves what resembles the web of the spider: or, accord. to AHn, a certain small creeping thing, like the worm, inclining in some degree to blackness, found upon the [plants called] HamoD, that constructs a four-sided, or square, habitation, of pieces of wood, joining the extremities of these together by means of a thing [or substance] resembling the web of the spider: or the worm [or caterpillar] that weaves [a web] upon certain trees, and eats their leaves, and destroys the rest thereof by that weaving: or a certain worm [or caterpillar] like the finger, hairy, speckled with black or white, that eats the leaves of trees so as to make them bare: or a certain worm [or caterpillar] that weaves upon itself, of the size of the finger in length, a thing like the qiroTaAs [or roll, or scroll, of paper], which it enters, so becoming unattainable: or a certain light, small creeping thing, like a spider: (M:) pl. surafN. (TA.) Hence the prov., A^aSonaEu mino surofapK [More skilled in fabricating than a surofap ]. (S, M, K.) And one says also, A^axaf~u mino surofapK [Lighter than a surofap]. (M.) [ , accord. to Freytag, (but he has not named his authority,) The erosion of a tree by wood-fretters (“ teredines, ” by which he means suraf, pl. of surofapN).] Hard, severe, or difficult; great, momentous, or formidable: (O, K, TA:) an epithet applied to a day. (O, TA.) A row of grape-vines. (O, K.) : see A_isoraAfiylu, below. i. q. A=nukN [i. e. Lead, or black lead, or tin, or pewter]; (O, K;) of Pers. origin, (O,) arabicized, from surubo, (O, L, K,) or A^usorubo. (CK.) [See also A^usorubN.] , (S, M, O, K,) and El-Kanánee used to say ↓ saraAfiylu, the name of A certain angel; (M; [in which it is mentioned among quadriliteral-radical words; but it is there said that the A_ may be radical;]) the angel who is to blow the horn on the day of resurrection: (Jel in vi. 73, &c.:) [see ruwHaAniY~N:] a foreign word (S, O, K) prefixed, (K,) or as though prefixed, (S, O,) to A_iylu: (S, O, K:) and A_isoraAfiynu is a dial. var. of the same; (Kh, S, M, O, K;) like as they said jaboriynu and A_isomaAEiynu and A_isoraAy^iynu. (Akh, S, O.) [Exceeding, or transgressing, the just, or right, bound, or limit, or measure; acting extravagantly, &c.: see its verb (4)]. ― -b2- See also sarifN. ― -b3- [Also] Denying, or disacknowledging, the favours, or benefits, or the unity, and the prophets and law, of God; a disbeliever, an unbeliever, or an infidel: it is said to be used in this sense in the Kur xl. 36. (TA.) Eaten by the surofap [q. v.]. (TA.) And $ajarapN masoruwfapN A tree of which the leaves have been eaten by the surofap; (S;) or smitten, or lighted on, by the surofap. (ISk, TA.) ― -b2- $aApN masoruwfapN (tropical:) A sheep, or goat, that has had its ear entirely cut off. (M, A.) srfl and srfn and A_isoraAfiylu and A_isoraAfiynu: see the next preceding art. srq , (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) or Al$~aYo'a, (K,) and saraqahu maAlFA, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) thus also they sometimes said, (S, O,) the prep. being suppressed for the sake of alleviation, but meant to be understood, (Ham p. 155,) aor. inf. n. saraqN (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and sariqN and saraqapN (Mgh, K) and sariqapN and saroqN, (K,) He stole from him property, [or the thing,] i. e. he took it [from him] secretly, and by artifice; (Mgh;) or he came clandestinely to a place of custody, and took what belonged to him, namely, another person; (O, K;) as also ↓ Astrqhu [followed by minohu]. (IAar, K.) And saraqahumo [alone, He stole from them; or robbed them]. (JK and K in art. bwq.) It is said in a prov., suriqa Als~aAriqu faA@notaHara (S, O) The thief was robbed, and in consequence slew himself: applied to him who has a thing not belonging to him taken from him, and whose impatience consequently becomes excessive. (Meyd, * O.) And ↓ sr~qhu, inf. n. tasoriyqN signifies the same as saraqahu: El-Farezdak says, laA taHosiban~a daraAhimFA sar~aqotahaA tamoHuw maxaAziyka Al~atiY biEumaAni [By no means reckon thou that dirhems which thou stolest will efface thy disgraceful practices that were committed in 'Omán]. (IB, TA.) And you say in selling a slave, bariy^otu A_ilayoka mina AlA_ibaAqi waAls~araqi [I am irresponsible to thee for running away and stealing]. (TA.) ― -b2- One says also, saraqa Als~amoEa, meaning Astrqhu . (Msb. See 3.) ― -b3- And suriqa Sawotuhu [lit. His voice was stolen], meaning (tropical:) he became hoarse. (Z, TA.) ― -b4- And srqt yA qwm [app. suriqotu yaA qawomi, expl. as meaning srqt ErDY, which I think a mistranscription for suriqotu EiroDiY, i. e. (assumed tropical:) I have been robbed of my honour, or reputation, O my people]. (TA.) ― -b5- And saraqonaA layolapF mina Al$~ahori (assumed tropical:) We passed pleasantly, or with enjoyment, a night of the month. (TA.) ― -b6- And saraqatoniY EayoniY (tropical:) My eye overcame me. (TA.) -A2- sariqa, aor. , (Yoo, IDrd, K,) inf. n. saraqN, (TK,) said of a thing, (Yoo, IDrd,) i. q. xafiYa [It was, or became, unperceived, or imperceptible, or hardly perceived or perceptible, &c.]. (Yoo, IDrd, K.) ― -b2- And sariqato mafaASiluhu, aor. as above, (IDrd, K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) His joints became weak, or feeble; (IDrd, K;) as also ↓ Ansrqt. (K.) : see 1. ― -b2- Also, (S,) inf. n. tasoriyqN, (K,) He attributed to him [or accused him of] theft. (S.) It is said in the Kur [xii. 81], accord. to one reading, A_in~a A@bonaka sur~iqa [Verily thy son has been accused of theft]. (S.) (tropical:) He avails himself of, (S, O,) or seeks, (K,) his inadvertence, to look at him: (S, O, K:) [he takes an opportunity of looking at him by stealth:] and in like manner one uses the phrases Aln~aZari ↓ AisotarAqu and ↓ tasar~uquhu [as meaning (tropical:) the taking an opportunity of looking by stealth]: and ↓ Alt~asar~uqu [alone] signifies (assumed tropical:) the taking an opportunity of looking and of hearing: (TA:) [and the hearing discourse by stealth; as is indicated in the TA:] and Als~amoEa ↓ Astrq [and Astrq alone, as appears from an explanation of the part. n. musotariqN, below,] (tropical:) He listened, (S, O,) or heard, (Msb,) by stealth; (S, O, Msb;) as also Als~amoEa ↓ saraqa. (Msb.) He stole [by degrees, or] one thing and then another. (O, K.) So in the phrase tsr~q $iEoriY [He stole my poetry, bit by bit], used by Ru-beh. (O, TA.) ― -b2- See also 3, in two places. He went, drew, or shrank, back, in order to go away, Eanohumo from them. (K, TA. [In this and the following sense, the verb is erroneously written in the CK Aasoraqa.]) ― -b2- And He was, or became, languid, and weak, or feeble. (O, K, TA.) See also 1, last sentence. : see 1, first sentence: ― -b2- and see 3, in two places. [See also kabiysN.] ― -b3- Also (tropical:) He deceived, or circumvented, secretly, [or by stealth,] like him who [so] listens. (TA.) ― -b4- And you say, Astrq AlkaAtibu baEoDa AlmuHaAsabaAti (tropical:) The writer suppressed some of the items of the reckoning. (TA.) He manured the land with siroqiyn. (L in art. srqn.) Oblong pieces (S, O, Msb, * K) of silk; (S, O, Msb;) accord. to A'Obeyd, (S, O,) of white silk: (S, O, K:) or silk in general: (K:) said by A'Obeyd to be arabicized from the Pers. saraho, meaning “ good: ” (S, O:) n. un. with p; (S, O, Msb;) which is expl. as meaning a piece of good silk. (TA.) and ↓ sariqapN [the former of which is said in the Mgh and K, and the latter in the K, to be an inf. n., are also said to be] substs. from saraqa, [as such signifying Theft,] as also ↓ saroqapN, (O, K,) or ↓ siroqapN. (Msb.) : see what next precedes. : see what next precedes. : see sariqN. ― -b2- Also, (Msb,) A thing stolen; (Mgh, Msb;) and so ↓ suraAqapN; [pl. of the latter suraAqaAtN;] whence the saying Einodahu suraAqaAtu Al$~iEori [He has stolen things of poetry or verse]. (TA.) , (K, and S and Msb in art. srj,) sometimes written saroqiynN, (K,) as also sarojiyn, (Msb, TA,) Dung of horses or other solid-hoofed animals, syn. rawovN, and zibolN, (Msb,) or fresh dung of camels, sheep and goats, wild oxen, and the like; (TA in art. *A^r;) a manure for land: (L:) arabicized from srkyn [or saroGiyno], (Msb, K,) a Pers. word. (Msb.) [See sirojiynN, in art. srj.] [Thievish; a great thief]; an epithet applied to a man, and to a dog: pl. suruqN. (TA.) : see sariqapN. ― -b2- Also A stealer of poetry or verses. (TA.) [Very thievish; a very great thief]: it has no pl. (TA.) [Stealing; a thief; or] one who comes clandestinely to a place of custody, and takes what does not belong to him: (O:) pl. saraqapN and sur~aAqN (TA) and sur~aqN. (Mgh.) A certain disease in the members, or limbs. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) sing. of sawaAriqu, which signifies [Collars by means of which the two hands are confined together to the neck, called also] jawaAmiEu, (O, K, TA,) of iron, attached to fetters or shackles. (TA.) ― -b2- And the pl., sawaAriqu, signifies also The adjuncts (zawaAy^id) in the catches (faraA$ [q. v.]) of a lock. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) [lit. Having the voice stolen,] means (tropical:) hoarse in voice. (Z, TA.) And hence, masoruwqu AlbugaAmi (tropical:) [A young gazelle] having a nasal sound, or twang, in its cry; as though its voice were stolen: a phrase used by El-Aashà. (TA.) (tropical:) Listening by stealth, (K, TA,) like the thief. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Defective, weak in make. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) ― -b3- musotariqu Alqawoli (tropical:) Weak in speech or saying. (A, TA.) ― -b4- musotariqu AlEunuqi (tropical:) Short in the neck; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA;) applied to a man; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA;) contracted therein. (A, TA.) [In the CK, Almusoriqu is erroneously put for Almusotariqu.] srqn : see the next preceding art. : see the next preceding art. srm The anus; (IAar, T;) the place of egress of the feces; i. e. the extremity of the rectum; (S, K;) a post-classical word: (S:) or the interior of the extremity of the rectum: (Lth, TA:) or the edge, or margin, of the rectum: accord. to some, peculiarly in beasts of prey that have claws: pl. A^asoraAmN. (M.) Hence the phrase rajulN waAsiEu Als~uromi Daxomu AlbuloEuwmi, occurring in a trad., meaning (assumed tropical:) A man strong, or vehement, and violent, or wrongful or unjust or tyrannical in conduct: or a man prodigal of wealth and of blood: and therefore described as wide in the places of egress and ingress. (TA in art. blEm and in the present art.) Pain of the anus. (K, TA.) srmd [signifies, or implies,] Continuance, or incessant continuance, (dawaAm, Kh, M, L, and Ait~iSaAl, Kh, L,) of time, (Kh, M, L,) either of night or of day. (Kh, L.) [I have said “ or implies ” because I have not found it used otherwise than as an epithet, in the following senses.] ― -b2- Continuing; or continuing incessantly, or endlessly; syn. daAy^imN; (Zj, S, L, K;) or daAy^imN laA yanoqaTiEu. (Nh, L.) It is applied in this sense to night (Nh, L) [and also to day: to each in the Kur xxviii. 71 and 72]: and to night as meaning Long. (L, K.) ― -b3- Accord. to El-Fakhr Er-Rázee, it is derived from Als~arodu, which denotes consecutiveness and uninterruptedness, and the m is added to give intensiveness to the signification: if so, its proper place is in art. srd; its measure being faEomalN: (MF:) [thus] its m is augmentative like the m in dulaAmiSN. (Bd in xxviii. 71.) ― -b4- One says also, huwa laka saromadFA He, or it, is thine ever, or for ever. (Mgh in art. smd.) Having neither beginning nor end. (KT.) srnd : and saranodFY: and musoranodK: see art. srd. srhd , (S, K,) inf. n. sarohadapN, (S,) He fed, or nourished, a child well. (S, L, K.) -A2- And He cut a camel's hump [in pieces: see the pass. part. n., below]. (K.) a term sometimes applied to The fat of a camel's hump. (S, L.) -A2- And Much water. (L.) A fat camel's hump: (S, L, K:) or a camel's hump cut in pieces. (L.) ― -b2- Supplied with the comforts and conveniences of life, and well fed: and, with p, a woman fat, and well fed. (L.) [Applied also to a young camel: see an ex. in a hemistich cited in the first paragraph of art. rjl.] srw , (S, M, Mgh, K,) aor. yasoruw; (S, K;) and saraA, (S, M, K,) aor. as above; (S, K;) and sariYa, (S, M, K,) aor. yasoraY; (S, K;) inf. n. saraAwapN, (S, M, K,) of the first verb, (S, M,) and sarowN, (Sb, Lh, S, M, Mgh, K,) of the same verb, (M, Mgh,) and of the second, (S, M,) and of the third, (S,) and sarFA and saraA='N, (M, K,) both of the third, but saraA='N, and this only, is mentioned by Lh as inf. n. of the second verb; (M;) He was, or became, possessed of liberality, bountifulness, munificence, or generosity, combined with manliness, or manly virtue: (S, Mgh:) or manliness, or manly virtue, (M, K,) and (M,) or combined with, (K,) high or elevated rank or condition, nobility, dignity, honour, or glory. (M, K.) -A2- sarowu AlmasaAqiY means The cleaning out of what are termed masaAqK [pl. of masoqaApN or misoqaApN, which see in art. sqY]. (TA.) -A3- sarowN also signifies, like tasoriyapN [inf. n. of ↓ sr~Y], and A_isoraA='N [inf. n. of ↓ AsrY], The throwing off a thing from oneself [or from another]; (K, TA;) and the pulling off a thing. (TA.) You say, sarawotu Alv~awoba Ean~iY, (ISk, S,) or Eanohu, aor. A^asoruw, (Mgh,) inf. n. sarowN, I threw off the garment from me, (ISk, S,) or I removed the garment from over him; (Mgh;) and sarayotu is a dial. var. thereof; (S;) or saraA vawobahu Eanohu, inf. n. sarowN; and ↓ sr~Ahu; he pulled off his garment from him: (M:) and sarawotu Aljul~a Eani Alfarasi, (TA,) or Eano Zahori Alfarasi, (M,) and ↓ sar~ayotuhu, and ↓ A^asorayotuhu, I threw off [the horse-cloth from the horse, or from the back of the horse]. (TA.) And sarawotu Ean~iY diroEiY [I threw off from me my coat of mail]: in this case the verb is only with w. (S.) [Hence,] Eanohu ↓ sur~iYa, (M,) or sur~iYa Eanohu Alham~u, (S, K, *) inf. n. tasoriyapN, (TA,) (tropical:) Anxiety became removed from him; as also Eanohu ↓ AnsrY Alham~u: (S, K, * TA:) or his anxiety became removed, or cleared away. (M, in explanation of the first of these phrases.) And Eanohu Alxawofu ↓ sur~iYa (assumed tropical:) Fear was made to quit him: the teshdeed denotes intensiveness. (TA.) And hence the phrase in a trad., Eanohu buraHaA='u AlwaHoYi ↓ falam~aA sur~iYa (assumed tropical:) [And when the vehement distress of mind arising from the oppression caused by inspiration was made to quit him]; referring to the Prophet. (Mgh.) -A4- sarato, (K,) inf. n. sarowN, (TA,) said of the female locust, She laid eggs: (K:) a dial. var. of saraA^ato. (TA.) , said by the Prophet on the occasion of the expedition of Ohod, means Today ye shall have your sariY~ [or that person, among you, who is distinguished by liberality and manliness, &c.,] slain: and [accordingly] Hamzeh was then slain. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, in six places. , inf. n. musaAraApN, i. q. faAxarahu [i. e. He vied with him, or contended with him for superiority, in glory, or rather in liberality and manliness, &c.: see 1, first sentence]. (TA.) He became in, or upon, land, or ground, such as is termed saraAp: belonging to the present art., accord. to Er-Rághib: (TA:) or he betook himself to the saraAp [app. meaning the mountainous tract so called]: (K and TA in art. srY:) it is like A^anojada and A^atohama. (TA in that art.) -A2- See also 1, in two places. signifies takal~afa Als~arowa, (S, K, * TA,) i. e. [He affected, or constrained himself, to possess liberality and manliness, &c., (see 1, first sentence,) or] high or elevated rank or condition, nobility, dignity, honour, or glory, and manliness, or manly virtue: (TA:) or it signifies A^axa*a sur~iy~apF [he took a concubine-slave]: (K:) or -A2- one says also, tsr~Y AljaAriyapa [He took the girl, or young woman, as a concubine-slave], from Als~ur~iy~apu; said by Yaakoob to be originally tasar~ara, [which see in art. sr,] from Als~uruwru. (S.) ― -b2- And tsr~Ahu signifies ↓ A^axa*a A^asoraAhu [i. e. He took the best thereof]. (M, TA. [See also 8.]) see 1, in the latter part of the paragraph. He chose, or selected, as being the best, (S, M, K,) a thing, (M,) or men, (S, K,) and camels, and sheep or goats. (S.) And Aisotarayotuhu I took the best of it. (T, TA. [See also 5, last sentence.]) And AisotaAra signifies the same as AstrY, being formed from the latter by transposition. (TA.) One says, AstrY Almawotu baniY fulaAnK, (S,) or AlHaY~a, (K,) i. e. Death chose [or took] the best of the sons of such a one, or of the tribe. (S, * K, * TA.) an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, M, K, &c.) [Used as a simple subst., Liberality, bountifulness, munificence, or generosity, combined with manliness, or manly virtue; &c.] ― -b2- Hence, A^abuw Als~arowi (assumed tropical:) Aloes-wood, or the like, that is used for fumigation; syn. Albaxuwru. (Har p. 228.) -A2- Also A part that rises from [the bottom of] a valley, and slopes down from the rugged portion of a mountain: (M, K:) or that rises from the channel in which the water flows, and slopes down from the rugged portion of a mountain: (M:) it is like a xayof. (S.) Als~arowu, (S, K,) or sarowu Himoyara, occurring in a trad., is said to mean maHal~apu Himoyara [The settlement of Himyer]. (S, M, K.) -A3- And A certain kind of tree, (S, M, K,) well-known; (K;) [the common, or evergreen, cypress; cupressus sempervirens of Linn.: applied thereto in the present day: (Delile's Floræ Aegypt. Illustr., no. 900:)] n. un. with p. (S, M, K.) -A4- And Certain worms that light upon plants, (M, K, TA,) and eat them: (M:) Alv~iyaAb, in [some of] the copies of the K, is a mistranscription for Aln~abaAt: (TA:) sing. [or rather n. un.] with p. (M.) The back (S, M, K) of anything: (S:) pl. sarawaAtN: (S, M, K:) it has no broken pl. (M.) And The higher, or highest, part of anything: (M in the present art., and K in art. srY:) so [for instance] of a mountain. (TA in art. srY.) [Hence,] saraApu Alyamani, (M,) or Als~araApu [by way of preeminence, for saraAp is prefixed to the names of a number of places and of tribes, as is said in the TA in art. srY], A certain mountain [or mountainous tract] commencing near 'Arafát and extending to Nejrán of El-Yemen: (Msb:) pl. as above. (M.) ― -b2- The highest [or most advanced state] of the day: (TA:) [or] the state of advancement, when the sun has become somewhat high, (syn. AirotifaAE,) of the day, (M, K, TA,) and so of other things; by some said to mean the middle thereof; (M;) so in the S, in relation to the day; but this is [said to be] a mistake: (TA:) in a verse of El-Bureyk El-Hudhalee, of the night: pl. as above: and the sing. also occurs used as a pl. (M.) ― -b3- The middle of anything: pl. as above. (S.) The middle and main part of a road; (Mgh, Msb;) the hard and elevated part thereof. (K.) It is said in a trad., layosa lilon~isaA='i sarawaAtu AlT~ariyqi (S, Mgh) The back and middle of the road, (S,) or the middle and main parts thereof, (Mgh,) are not for the women; meaning that they should walk upon the side parts. (S.) ― -b4- Accord. to Er-Rághib, A wide tract of land. (TA in art. srY.) -A2- It is also a pl., of a rare form, (S, Msb,) or a quasi-pl. n., (M, K,) of sariY~N [which see in several places]. (S, M, Msb, K.) n. un. of sarowN [q. v.] in two senses. -A2- See also sirowapN. : see what next follows. (Th, AHn, T, S, M, K) and ↓ surowapN (Th, M, IAth, K) and ↓ sarowapN (Kr, M, K) A small arrow: (S:) or a small and short arrow: or an arrow broad and long in the head; (M, K, TA;) but therewithal slender and short; with which one shoots at the butt: (TA:) or such as is round and smooth, not broad; the broad and long being termed miEobalapN: (M:) or the very slenderest of arrow-heads, that penetrates into the coats of mail: (Th, M:) or it [is an arrow that] penetrates into the coats of mail, for which reason it is called Ald~iroEiy~apu, its head entering like the needle: (T, TA:) or an arrow-head resembling an ordinary needle or a large needle: it is mentioned also in art. srY, [as being a small, short, round and smooth arrow-head, having no breadth, and as being called sirowapN and siroyapF,] because the word belongs to that art. and to this: (M:) [see also miromaApN; and see sirowapN in art. srA^:] the pl. is surFY [or sirFY?] accord. to the T, or siraA='N accord. to the S. (TA.) -A2- The first (sirowapN) also signifies The locust in its first state, when it is a larva; (S;) or in its first state of growth, when it comes forth from its egg: (M:) originally with hemz: (S:) [see saro'N, in two places:] and siroyapN is a dial. var. thereof. (S.) [See also jaraAdN.] , as an epithet applied to a man, (S, M, K, &c.,) may be from Aisotarayotu Al$~aYo'a “ I chose, or selected, the thing, ” or from Als~araApu “ the higher, or highest, part ” of a thing, (Ham p. 337,) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, from sarawotu Alv~awoba Ean~iY “ I pulled off the garment from me, ” (TA, [in which this derivation is said to be good, but I think it far-fetched,]) Possessing liberality, bountifulness, munificence, or generosity, combined with manliness, or manly virtue: (S, Mgh:) or possessing manliness, or manly virtue, (M, K,) and, (M,) or combined with, (K,) high or elevated rank or condition, nobility, dignity, honour, or glory: (M, K:) or i. q. ray^iysN [meaning a chief, or person high in rank or condition]: (Msb:) [or a generous and manly or noble person:] fem. with p: (M, K:) and ↓ masorawaAnN signifies the same, applied to a man; and ↓ masorawaAnapN applied to a woman: (M:) the pl. of sariY~N is A^asoriyaA='u and surawaA='u (Lh, M, K) and surFY, (Az, K,) which is anomalous, (TA,) and saraApN, (T, S, Mgh, * Msb,) [originally sarawapN,] which is [also] anomalous, (T, TA,) the only instance of faEalapN as the measure of a pl. of a word of the measure faEiylN, (S, Msb,) or it is a quasi-pl. n., (Sb, M, K,) and its pl. is sarawaAtN; (S, M, Mgh, * K;) meaning saAdaAtN [or chiefs, &c.]; (Mgh); and suraApN, with damm, [originally surawapN,] is a dial. var. of saraApN, as pl. [or quasi-pl. n.] of sariY~N: (IAth, TA:) the pl. of sariy~apN is sariy~aAtN and saraAyaA. (M, K.) Also Chosen, or choice, or select: (M:) what is good of anything; pl. [or quasi-pl. n.] saraApN: (Ham p. 337:) the best, (Msb, TA, and Har p. 56,) and in like manner saraApN [as a pl.]; (M, Msb, TA, and Ham p. 57, and Har ubi suprà;) the former, of men, (Har ubi suprà,) and of camels; (S;) and the latter, of men, (S, TA, and Ham ubi suprà, and Har,) and of cattle or camels and the like, (S, M, TA,) as also the former. (TA.) -A2- See also art. srY. , said by some to be originally of the measure fuE~uwlapN, from sarowN: see art. sr. is of the measure A^afoEalu [denoting the comparative and superlative degrees] from Als~arowu signifying “ liberality, bountifulness, munificence, or generosity, combined with manliness, or manly virtue: ” [&c.:] whence the phrase A^asoraAhumo suwdadFA, meaning The best of them in respect of chiefdom or the like: or it may be from Als~uraY; meaning in this instance that the fame of the chiefdom, or the like, of him to whom it relates has pervaded the countries and spread among mankind; and this is more worthy of regard in respect of the method of grammatical analysis; from Mtr: (Har p. 363: [see art. srY:]) [ISd, however, assigns the word to the present art.:] see 5, last sentence. A land containing the sirowap, or locust in its first state, when it is a larva. (S.) [In a copy of the M, it is said to be from Als~arowapu; and the context there indicates the meaning to be A land infested by a worm of the kind termed sarowN, of which sarowapN is the n. un.: but probably Als~arowapu, in this instance, is a mistranscription for Als~irowapu, which is mentioned immediately after as meaning “ the locust in its first state of growth, when it comes forth from its egg. ”] ; and its fem., with p: see sariY~N. srwl , (inf. n. sarowalapN, TA,) He clad him with saraAwiyl. (S, M, K.) He clad himself, or became clad, with saraAwiyl. (S, M, K.) : see saraAwiyl, latter half, in two places. : see saraAwiyl, in the latter half. : see the next paragraph, latter half, in two places. a Pers. word, (S, * M, Msb, * K,) originally $alowaAr, (MA, KL, [in the former loosely expl. by the word A_izaArN, and so in the PS,]) of well-known meaning, (S,) [Drawers, trousers, or breeches; originally applied to such as are worn under other clothing;] a certain under-garment; (MA;) [but now applied also to such as are worn externally;] is masc. [and perfectly decl., i. e. with tenween], and fem. [and imperfectly decl., i. e. without tenween]; (S, M, Msb, K; *) sometimes masc., (Msb, K,) but not known to As otherwise than as fem.; (M;) accord. to the usage most commonly obtaining, it is imperfectly decl. and fem.: (MF:) Sb says that it is a sing., and is a foreign, or Pers., word, arabicized; resembling, in their [the Arabs'] language, what is imperfectly decl. [as a pl. of the measure faEaAliylu] when determinate and when indeterminate; but is perfectly decl. when indeterminate; and imperfectly decl. if applied as a proper name to a man, and so is its dim. if so applied, because it is fem. and of more than three letters: (S:) or it is imperfectly decl. as a proper name because it is also originally a foreign word; and its dim., ↓ surayoyiyl, [for surayowiyl, the w being changed into Y, as in say~idN for sayowidN,] is perfectly decl. unless used as a proper name, in which latter case it is imperfectly decl. [for the reason above mentioned or] because it is fem. and determinate: (IB, TA:) it (i. e. saraAwiyl) is made, as a pl., imperfectly decl. when indeterminate by some of the grammarians; (S;) and it occurs in poetry imperfectly decl. [when indeterminate]: (S, M, * IB, TA:) [but this may be by poetic license:] thus in the saying of Ibn-Mukbil, A^ataY duwnahaA *ab~u Alr~iyaAdi kaA^an~ahu fatFY faArisiY~N saraAwiyla raAmiHu [The came as an obstacle intervening in the way to her, or them, the wild bull, as though he were a Persian youth in drawers; one with a pair of horns]: (S, * IB, TA:) the former [however] is the usual way, [contrary to what has been said on the authority of MF,] though the latter is more valid: (S:) the pl. is saraAwiylaAtN: (S, M, Msb, K:) Sb says that it has no broken pl., because, if it had, it would be the same as the sing.: (M:) or, (K,) some say, (S, M, Msb,) namely those grammarians who make it imperfectly decl. when indeterminate, (S,) holding it to be [originally] an Arabic word, (Msb,) it is a pl. of which the sing. is ↓ sirowaAlapN (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ sirowaAlN (S, K) and ↓ sirowiylN, which is [said to be] the only instance of a word of the measure faEowiylN: (K:) [this, therefore, confirms the opinion that I hold, that the measure of this word is fiEoliylN, and that all the words of the present art. are quadriliteral-radical, agreeably with an assertion in the TA that srl is not genuine Arabic: though it seems that all the lexicographers regard the w in the words of this art. as augmentative:] a poet says, falayosa yariq~u limusotaEoTifi * ↓ Ealayohi mina All~uw^omi sirowaAlapN [Upon him is an under-garment of ignobleness, (i. e. ignobleness cleaves to him like a pair of drawers,) so that he does not become tenderhearted to one who endeavours to conciliate him]: (S, * M:) in the “ Mujarrad, ” saraAwiylu is made fem., and ↓ sirowaAlN masc.: (Msb:) saraAwiyn is a dial. var.; (K;) or syn. with saraAwiyl; the n in the former being asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for the l [in the latter]: (M:) and $irowaAlN, with $, is likewise a dial. var. [of sirowaAlN], (K,) mentioned by Es-Sijistánee, on the authority of some one or more of the Arabs: (TA:) [the common modern pronunciation is $arowaAl: pl. $araAwiyl.] : dim. of saraAwiyl, q. v. (IB, TA.) Clad with saraAwiyl; as also ↓ mutasarowilN. (A, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] TaAy^irN musarowalN (tropical:) A bird whose plumage clothes its legs. (M, L, TA.) And HamaAmapN musarowalapN (tropical:) A pigeon having feathers upon its legs. (S, K, TA.) And farasN musarowalN, (K,) or farasN A^abolaqu musarowalN, (A'Obeyd, S, TA,) (tropical:) [A horse, or a black and white horse,] whose whiteness of the legs extends (A'Obeyd, S, K) beyond, (A'Obeyd, K, TA,) or to, (S,) the arms and thighs: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) or musarowalN applied to a horse means white in the hinder part, [and black, or of some other colour, in the hind legs,] the whiteness descending to the thighs. (A, voce A=zaru.) ― -b3- And Almusarowalu signifies (assumed tropical:) The wild bull: because of the blackness that is in his legs. (Az, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. srwn : see saraAwiyl, in art. srwl. srY , (S, M, K,) or saraY All~ayola (Msb) and biAll~ayoli, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. yasoriY, (K,) inf. n. surFY (S, M, Mgh, K) and masorFY (S, K) and saroyapN and suroyapN (M, K) and siraAyapN; (S, * and TA as from the K, but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K;) the first of a form rare among inf. ns., because it is one of the forms of pls., as is shown by the fact that some of the Arabs make it and hudFY fem., namely, Benoo-Asad, supposing them to be pls. of suroyapN and hudoyapN, (S,) and Lh knew not surFY but as a fem. noun; (M;) or the inf. n. is saroYN, and suroyapN and saroyapN are more special [in meaning, as will be shown below, voce saroyapN], and surFY is pl. of suroyapN; (Msb;) or saroyapN is an inf. n. un., and suroyapN is a simple subst., and so is surFY, (S, TA,) and so is siraAyapN (Msb, TA) also, as some say; (TA;) He journeyed, or travelled, by night, or in the night, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) in a general sense; (M, K;) accord. to AZ, in the first part part of the night, and in the middle thereof, and in the last part thereof; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ AsrY signifies the same (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) in the dial. of El-Hijáz, (S, Msb,) inf. n. A_isoraA='N; (M;) as also ↓ AstrY; (M, K;) and perhaps ↓ tsr~Y likewise. (Mgh.) [See also surFY and saroyapN below.] It is said in a prov., qunofu*K ↓ *ahabuwA A_isoraA='a [They went away in the manner of a hedge-hog's night-travelling; meaning they went away by night]; because the qnf* goes all the night, not sleeping. (M.) ― -b2- [Hence, as denoting unseen progress,] it is said also of the root of a tree, meaning It crept along beneath the ground; (Az, M, K;) aor. as above, (M,) inf. n. saroYN. (TA.) ― -b3- And it is said of ideal things, as being likened to corporeal things; tropically, and by extension of the signification; (Msb, TA;) or metaphorically; [as, for instance,] of calamities, and wars, and anxieties: (M, TA:) and the predominant inf. ns. [in these cases] are siraAyapN and sarayaAnN. (TA.) One says, saraY Eiroqu Als~uwo'i fiY AlA_inosaAni (tropical:) [The root, or strain, of evil crept in the man]. (Es-Sarakustee, Msb, TA.) And saraY fiyhi Als~am~u (tropical:) [The poison crept in him, or pervaded him]; and similarly one says of wine; and of the like of these two things. (El-Fárábee, Msb, TA. [See also dab~a.]) And the lawyers say, saraY AljuroHu A_ilaY Aln~afosi (tropical:) [The wound extended to the soul], meaning that the pain of the wound continued until death ensued in consequence thereof: (Mgh, * Msb, TA:) and quTiEa kaf~uhu fasaraY A_ilaY saAEidihi (tropical:) [His hand was cut off, and it extended to his upper arm], meaning that the effect of the wound passed by transmission: and saraY Alt~aHoriymu, and AlEitoqu, (tropical:) The prohibition, and the emancipation, [extended, or] passed by transmission: phrases current among the lawyers, but not mentioned in books of repute, though agreeable with others here preceding and following. (Msb, TA.) One says also, saraY Ealayohi Alham~u (tropical:) Anxiety came to him [or upon him] by night: and saraY ham~uhu (tropical:) His anxiety went away. (Msb, TA.) And similar to these is the phrase in the Kur [lxxxix. 3], waA@ll~ayoli A_i*aA yasori (tropical:) And by the night when it goes away: (Msb, TA:) or, as some say, when one journeys in it; like as one says layolN naAy^imN meaning “ night in which one sleeps: ” the [final] Y [of the verb] is elided because it terminates a verse. (TA.) ― -b4- It is made trans. by means of b: (Msb:) one says, saraY bihi [He made him to journey, or travel, or he transported him, by night, or in the night; or it may be rendered he journeyed, or travelled, with him, by night, or in the night]; (M, Msb, K;) and in like manner, [and more commonly,] bihi ↓ A^asoraY; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ A^asoraAhu; (S, M, K;) like as one says, A^axa*a biAlxiTaAmi as well as Ax* AlxiTaAma. (S.) As to the saying in the Kur [xvii. 1], suboHaAna A@l~a*iY biEabodihi layolFA ↓ A^asoraY [Extolled be the glory of Him who transported his servant by night!], it is an instance of corroboration, (S, K, * TA,) like the saying, sirotu A^amosi nahaArFA and AlbaAriHapa layolFA: (S, TA:) or the meaning is [simply] say~arahu: (K, TA:) accord. to 'Alam-ed-Deen Es-Sakháwee, layolFA is added, although AlA_isoraA=' is not otherwise than by night, because the space over which he was transported is not to be traversed in less than forty days, but was traversed by him in one night; as though the meaning [intended] were, fiY layolK waAHidK; and it denotes wonder: layolFA is here used instead of layolapF because when they say saraY layolapF the meaning generally is he occupied the whole of the night in journeying: Er-Rághib holds the verb in this instance to be from saraApN signifying “ a wide tract of land, ” to belong to art. srw, and to be like A^ajobala and A^atohama; the meaning being, who transported his servant over a wide tract of land: but this is strange. (TA.) -A2- saraY mataAEahu, (M, K,) aor. yasoriY, (M, TA,) inf. n. saroYN, (TA,) He threw his goods, or utensils and furniture, upon the back of his beast. (M, K.) ― -b2- And saraY Ean~iY Alv~awoba, inf. n. saroYN, He removed from over me the garment: but w is more approved [as the final radical: see 1 in art, srw]. (M, TA.) You say, sarayotu Alv~awoba and ↓ sar~ayotuhu I pulled off the garment: and Eanohu ↓ sur~iYa It was removed from over him, and removed from its place: the teshdeed denotes intensiveness. (TA.) , (K,) or sr~Y sariy~apF, (TA,) inf. n. tasoriyapN, He (the leader of an army, TA) detached a sariy~ap [q. v.] (K, TA) to the enemy by night. (TA.) ― -b2- sr~Y AlEaraqa Eano badanihi, inf. n. as above, He exuded the sweat from his body. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 1, last sentence, in two places. see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places: ― -b2- and again, in the latter half, in three places. ― -b3- See also 4 in art. srw. see 1, first sentence. see 1, first sentence. , [said by some to be an inf. n., by some to be a simple subst., and by some to be pl. of suroyapN, or supposed to be so, and therefore made fem., as mentioned in the first sentence of this art.,] meaning A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense, is masc. and fem., (M, K,) by some of the Arabs made fem., (S,) and not known to Lh but as a fem. noun. (M.) It is said in a prov., Einoda AlS~abaAHi yaHomadu Alqawomu Als~uraY [At daybreak, the party commend night-journeying]: applied to the man who endures difficulty, or distress, or fatigue, hoping for rest, or ease: (Meyd:) and in inciting to labour for the accomplishment of an affair with patience, and to dispose and subject the mind, until one commends the result thereof. (Har p. 555, q. v.) : see art. srw. and ↓ suroyapN are inf. ns. of saraY: (M, K:) or have a more special signification than the inf. n. of that verb, which is saroYN: one says, sarayonaA saroyapF mina All~ayoli and ↓ suroyapF [We journeyed by night a journey of the night]: and the pl. of ↓ suroyapN is [said to be] surFY: (Msb:) or one says, sarayonaA saroyapF waAHidapF [We journeyed by night a single night-journey]: and the subst. [signifying a journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night,] is ↓ suroyapN, and surFY. (S, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in four places. meaning An arrow-head, (As, M, TA,) such as is small, short, round and smooth, having no breadth, (M, TA,) is a dial. var. of sirowapN [q. v.], (As, TA,) or formed from the latter word by the substitution of Y for w because of the kesreh: (M, TA:) accord. to the K, ↓ sariy~apN signifies a small round arrow-head; but this is a mistake; the correct word being siroyapN, with kesr, and without teshdeed to the Y. (TA.) -A2- It is also a dial. var. of sirowapN signifying The locust in its first state, when it is a larva. (S in art. srw.) A certain tree, (AHn, S, M, K,) from which bows are made, (AHn, S, M,) the wood whereof is of the best of woods, and which is of the trees of the mountains: (AHn, M:) ElGhanawee El-Aarábee says, the naboE and $awoHaT [q. v.] and saraA=' are one: (TA in art. $HT:) [it is also mentioned in the TA in art. srA^:] n. un. saraA='apN. (M, K.) i. q. nahorN [A river, &c.]: (Th, M:) or a rivulet, or streamlet: (S, M, Msb:) or a rivulet running to palm-trees: (M, K:) pl. [of pauc.] A^asoriyapN (S, M, K) and [of mult.] suroyaAnN: (Sb, S, M, Msb, K:) A^asoriyaA='u as its pl. has not been heard. (S.) Thus it has been expl. as occurring in the Kur xix. 24. (M, TA.) -A2- See also art. srw. A portion of an army: (S, Msb:) of the measure faEiylapN in the sense of the measure faAEilapN; because marching by night, privily; (Mgh, Msb;) thus originally, and afterwards applied also to such as march by day: (Ham p. 45:) or it may be from AlAisotiraA='u “ the act of choosing, or selecting; ” because a company chosen from the army: (Mgh: [but if so, belonging to art. srw:]) from five persons to three hundred: (M, K:) or four hundred: (K:) or, of horsemen, about four hundred: (M:) or the best thereof, (S,) or the utmost, (Nh,) consists of four hundred: (S, Nh:) or, accord. to the “ Fet-h el-Bári, ” from a hundred to five hundred: (TA:) or nine, and more than this; three, and four, and the like being termed TaliyEapN, not sariy~apN: but it is related of the Prophet that he sent a single person as a sariy~ap: (Mgh:) the pl. is saraAyaA (S, Msb) and sariy~aAtN. (Msb.) -A2- See also siroyapN. A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night: (S, Msb, TA:) an inf. n.; (TA as from the K; [see 1, first sentence;]) or a simple subst. (Msb, TA.) [ , from the inf. n. sarayaAnN, Pervasive: occurring in philosophical works, and probably post-classical.] [ The Syriac language.] One who journeys much, or often, by night. (K.) Journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense: (M, TA: *) pl. suraApN. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, because of his going [about] by night, (TA,) Als~aAriY signifies The lion; as also ↓ AlmusaAriY and ↓ AlmusotariY. (K, TA.) A party, or company of men, journeying by night. (Er-Rághib, TA.) ― -b2- And A cloud that comes by night: (S, Msb:) or clouds that travel by night: (K:) or a cloud that is between that which comes in the early morning and that which comes in the evening: [perhaps thus termed as having previously travelled in the night:] or, accord. to Lh, a rain that comes in the night: (M, TA:) pl. sawaAriY [app. a mistranscription for sawaArK, being indeterminate]. (K, TA.) ― -b3- One says, jaA='a SabiyHapa saAriyapK He came in the morning of a night in which was rain. (TA.) ― -b4- And the pl. Als~aAriyaAtu signifies The asses: (M:) or the wild asses: (TA:) because they rest not by night: (M:) or because they pasture by night. (TA.) -A2- Also A column, syn. A^usoTuwaAnapN, (S, M, Msb, K,) of stone, or of baked bricks; so in the “ Bári': ” (TA:) pl. sawaArK. (Mgh.) ― -b2- [And A mast: see Han~a and Sar~a: and see also SaAriyapN.] [More, and most, used to night-journeying]. A^asoraY mino qunofu*K [More used to go about by night than a hedge-hog] is a prov. of the Arabs. (TA.) [See also the same word in art. srw.] may be a n. of place and a n. of time, [signifying A place, and a time, of night-journeying,] as well as an inf. n. (Ham p. 23.) It is [used also in a larger sense, as] syn. with ma*ohabN [A place, and a time, of going &c.: a way by which one goes &c.]. (Har p. 540.) : see saArK, above. : see saArK, above. He who goes forth in, or among, the [company termed] sariy~ap. (IAth, TA.) ssb and ↓ sayosabN, (M, K,) i. q. sabosabN, with two b s, (L, TA,) the second of which is commonly pronounced siysb, and by some sysm, (TA,) A kind of tree, (M, K,) a kind of lofty tree, (TA,) of which arrows are made, (M, K, TA,) and bows. (TA.) In the saying of Rubeh, ↓ raAHato waraAHa kaEiSiY~i Als~ayosaAbN [She went, and he went, like the rods of the seysáb, (of which see another reading voce sabosabN, in art. sb,) meaning, like arrows], it may be that AlsysAb is a dial. var. of Als~ayosab, or it may be that the A is added for the sake of the rhyme like as it is in AlEaqoraAb in a verse cited in art. Eqrb. (M. [Accord. to the K and TA, ↓ Als~ayosaAb is used by Ru-beh for Als~ayosabaAn: but this is evidently a mistake.]) : see the preceding paragraph: ― -b2- and see also sayosabaAnN. , and sayosabaY, and sayosabFY, and sayosabaA='u: see the paragraph that next follows. and ↓ sayosabaY, (K,) or the former and ↓ sayosabaA='u, which is mentioned by Th, (M,) A kind of tree; (M, K;) accord. to AHn, it grows from its seeds, and becomes tall, but does not endure the winter; it has leaves like those of the difolaY [q. v.], beautiful; people sow it in the gardens, desiring its beauty; and it has a produce like the oblong pericarps (xaraAy^iT) of sesame, but thinner: (M, TA:) AHn adds that, when its pericarps dry, it makes a rustling sound (a sound such as is termed xa$oxa$ap) [in the wind], like the [species of cassia called] Ei$oriq: (TA:) [the sesbania Aegytiaca of Persoon; æschynomene sesban of Linn.; (Delile, Flor. Aegypt. Illustr., no. 682;) dolichos sesban of Forskål (in his Flora Aegypt. Arab, p. lxx., no. 362):] AHn further says, waHakaY Alfar~aA='u fiyhi sayosabFA: (M, TA:) [this may perhaps mean that Fr has mentioned, as a var. of this word, ↓ sayosabN, as it is in the accus. case: but I think that the right reading is ↓ sayosabFY, and also sayosabaY, (which last has been mentioned above on the authority of the K,) for it is immediately added in the TA, “ it is masc. and fem., ” app. indicating that it is with, and without, tenween: then it is there further and strangely added, “ it is brought from India: ”] a rájiz uses the form ↓ Als~ayosabaA, at the end of a verse, for Als~ayosabaAna, necessarily eliding [the n for the sake of the rhyme]. (M, TA.) : see the first paragraph, in two places. ssm , without ', (AHát, TA,) A kind of tree, of which arrows are made: (AHát, M:) a kind of black tree: (S, K:) or a kind of tree (AHn, M, K) of the mountains, of the [sort termed] Eutuq, (AHn, M,) of which bows are made: (AHn, M, K:) or, (K,) as some assert, (AHn, M,) the [tree called] A=binuws [i. e. ebony]: (AHn, M, K:) or, (K,) as others assert, (AHn, M,) the [tree called] $iyz: (AHn, M, K: [in some copies of the K $iyzaY, which means the same:]) but neither of these two is suitable for bows. (AHn, M.) sTb [an arabicized word, app. from the Greek σύππη σύπη,] Tow; i. e. what falls from flax in the process of combing. (K. [See also art. STb.]) and misoTabapN are sings. of masaATibu, which signifies The [wide benches, of stone or brick &c., generally built against a wall, called] dakaAkiyn, upon which people sit: (AZ, K:) [and particularly such as surround the court of a mosque: for] one says, raA^ayotuhumo qaAEidiyna EalaY AlmasaATibi, mean- ing [I saw them sitting upon] the dakaAkiyn around the court of the mosque. (A. [See also art. STb.]) ― -b2- The pl. also signifies Blacksmiths' anvils. (IAar, K. [See, again, art. STb.]) ― -b3- And Waters stopped up, or choked up, with earth or dust; or altered for the worse by long standing; syn. miyaAhN sudumN [q. v.]. (IAar, K.) sTH , (A, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. saToHN, (Msb,) He spread it, spread it out or forth, or expanded it: (A, Msb, K:) this is the primary signification. (Msb.) You say, saTaHa A@ll~`hu AlA^aroDa, inf. n. as above, God spread, or expanded, the earth. (S.) And saTaHa Alt~amora, aor. and inf. n. as above, He spread the dates [to dry]. (Msb.) And saTaHa Alv~ariyda fiY AlS~aHofapi [He spread evenly the crumbled, or broken, bread in the bowl]. (A.) And saTaHa suTuwHahu He made even his suTuwH [or flat roofs]; as also ↓ saT~aHahaA, (K,) inf. n. tasoTiyHN. (TA.) And saTaHa Albayota, aor. and inf. n. as above; [He made a flat roof to the house, or chamber;] as also ↓ sT~Hhu. (TA.) And Alqabora ↓ saT~aHotu, inf. n. as above, I made the top [or roof] of the grave [flat] like the saToH [of a house]: (Msb:) tasoTiyHu Alqabori is the contr. of tasoniymuhu. (S, A.) ― -b2- He threw him down (A, L, K) [so that he lay] extended on the back of his neck, (A,) or spread upon the ground. (L.) And He threw him down on his side. (K.) And saTaHa Aln~aAqapa He made the she-camel to lie down on her breast. (TA.) ― -b3- And He sent him with his mother; namely, a lamb or kid, or a new-born lamb or kid. (O, K.) see above, in three places. see what next follows. It was, or became, spread, spread out or forth, or expanded; as also ↓ tsT~H. (TA.) ― -b2- Said of a man, He became extended [lying] on the back of his neck, (S, Msb,) affected by a disease of long continuance, or crippled, (Msb,) and moved not: (S, Msb:) or he became thrown down [so that he lay] extended on the back of his neck. (A.) a word of well-known meaning; (S;) The upper, or uppermost, part [or surface] of a house or chamber &c.; (Msb;) [the flat top or roof of a house &c.;] the back (Zahor) of a house or chamber (K, TA) when it is flat, level, or even; because of its expansion: (TA:) and the upper, or uppermost, part [or surface] of anything: (K:) or it has this last meaning [primarily]: and hence the saToH of a house or chamber: (A:) pl. suTuwHN. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [In geometry, A plane; i. e.] the saToH is that which is divisible in length and breadth and is terminated by a line [or lines]. (KT.) Spread, spread out or forth, or expanded; as also ↓ masoTuwHN. (TA.) ― -b2- Extended, (Msb,) or thrown down [so as to be lying] extended, (A,) or lying as though thrown down or extended, (S,) on the back of his neck, (S, A, Msb,) in consequence of disease of long continuance, or crippleness; (S, Msb;) and ↓ munosaTiHN signifies the same: (A:) or spread [upon the ground], slow in rising, by reason of weakness, (L, K,) or And One born weak, unable to stand and to sit, so that he is always spread [upon the ground]. (TA.) And Slain, spread [upon the ground]; as also ↓ masoTuwHN. (K.) ― -b3- See also the next paragraph. One of the vessels for water; (TA;) a [leathern water-bag of the kind called] mazaAdap, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) made of two skins (Mgh, TA) placed opposite to each other; it is small, and large; but the mzAdp [properly so called] is larger than it; (TA;) and ↓ saTiyHN signifies the same. (S, K, TA.) A certain kind of plant, (As, AHn, S, O, K,) of the plants that grow in plain, or soft, ground: (AHn, O:) n. un. with p: (As, AHn, S, O:) accord. to Az, the suT~aAHap is a certain herb, or leguminous plant, upon which cattle pasture, and with the leaves of which the heads are washed: (TA:) or it is a certain plant growing in plain, or soft, tracts, and spreading upon the ground: or a certain tree, or shrub, that grows in the places where cattle recline around the waters, spreading, but scanty, and of no use. (L.) And Any kind of plant that spreads (AHn, O, K) upon the ground, and does not grow tall: such as run and extend, as the melon or water-melon (biT~iyx), and the cucumber (qiv~aA='), and the colocynth, are all called $aroYN: and such especially as are eaten [by men], like the gourd, and the cucumber (qiv~aA=' and xiyaAr), and the melon or water-melon (biT~iyx), are called yaqoTiynN. (AHn, O.) , (Msb,) or ↓ misoTaHN, (K,) or both, (S, O,) the former because it means a place, (O,) A place (S, R, O, Msb) that is even, or level, (R,) in which, (S, O, Msb,) or upon which, (R,) dates are spread (S, R, O, Msb) and dried; (S, R, O;) i. q. jariynN; (K;) of the dial. of El-Yemen: (TA:) [pl. masaATiHu.] ― -b2- raA^ayotu AlA^aroDa masaATiHa means I saw the land [bare, or] destitute of pasturage; likened to buyuwt masoTuwHap [i. e. flat-topped houses]. (TA.) A rolling-pin; i. e. the implement with which bread [or dough] is expanded. (O, K.) ― -b2- The pole, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb,) or a pole, (K,) of a [tent such as is called] xibaA=', (S, A, O, Msb, K,) or of a [tent such as is called] fusoTaAT. (Mgh.) ― -b3- The transverse piece of wood upon the two props of the grape-vine, with the hoops [that are affixed upon it]. (K.) ISh says that when a grape-vine had a raised support made for its branches to lie thereon, recourse was had to props, for [the feet of] which holes were dug in the ground, each prop having two forking portions [at the head]; then a piece of wood (xa$abapN, so in the O, in the TA [erroneously] $Ebp,) is taken, and laid across two props, and this transverse piece of wood is called the misoTaH, [pl. masaATiHu,] and upon the masaATiH are placed hoops, from the nearest part thereof to the furthest; (O, TA;) and the msATH with the hoops are called msATH. (O.) ― -b4- A smooth piece of rock or hard stone, surrounded with stones, in which water collects: (S, O, K:) or a wide slab of rock or hard stone, bordered round, for the rain-water [to collect therein]: and sometimes God creates, at the mouth of the well, a smooth, even, piece of rock or hard stone, [thus called,] which is surrounded with stones, and from which the camels are watered, like the HawoD. (T, TA.) [See also Hawiy~apN.] ― -b5- Also i. q. masoTaHN, q. v. (S, O.) ― -b6- And A mat (S, O, K) woven (O) of xuwS (A, K) or TufoY (O) [i. e. leaves] of the dawom [or Theban palm]; (O, K;) as also ↓ misoTaAHN. (A.) ― -b7- A large roasting-pan (miqolFY) for wheat, (K, TA,) which is roasted therein. (TA.) ― -b8- And A mug (kuwz) that is used in travelling, having one janob [app. here meaning flat side]; (O, K, TA;) as also ↓ misoTaHapN: it is like the miToharap; not foursided. (TA.) : see what next precedes. [Plane, or flat; opposed to kuriY~N &c.]. ― -b2- A flat roof (saToHN) made even. (A, TA.) ― -b3- A nose spreading very widely. (S, K.) : see misoTaHN, last sentence but two. : see saTiyHN, in two places. ― -b2- bayotN masoTuwHN [A house, or chamber, having a flat roof made to it]. (TA.) : see saTiyHN. sTr , (S, M, Msb, &c.,) aor. , (S, M, Msb;) inf. n. saTorN; (S, M, Msb, K; *) and ↓ sT~r; (M;) and ↓ AstTr; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) He wrote (S, M, * A, Msb, K) a writing or book. (M, Msb.) ― -b2- [And saTara He ruled a book. (See misoTarapN.)] ― -b3- Also saTara, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) (tropical:) He cut another man with a sword. (K, * TA.) ― -b4- And saTarahu He prostrated him; threw him down prostrate. (S.) : see 1. ― -b2- Also, inf. n. tasoTiyrN, He composed (M, K) lies, falsehoods, (TA,) or A^asaATiyr, i. e. stories having no foundation, &c. (M.) ― -b3- Also, [not tsT~r as in Gol.,] He said what was false: and he pretended a false thing. (KL.) And sT~r EalayonaA He told us A^asaATiyr, i. e. stories having no foundation; or no right tendency or tenour: (M, K:) or he told us stories resembling falsehoods: (Lth:) or he embellished stories to us with lies: (TA:) or he related to us wonderful stories of the ancients. (A.) And sT~r fulaAnN fulaAnFA Such a one told falsehoods to such a one. (Msb.) ― -b4- And sT~rhu He made him to form wishes, or desires. (Sgh, TA.) He passed over the line in which was my name. (Az, K.) ― -b2- And AsTr (tropical:) He committed a mistake, or an error, (Ibn-Buzurj, K, TA,) in his reading, or recitation. (K.) see 1, first sentence. , aor. yasoTaAr~u, [app. signifies It (beverage, or wine,) became what is termed muisoTaAr or musoTaAr~, q. v.] (TA.) , (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. sayoTarapN; (A;) and sawoTara; (K;) or suwTira; (so in a copy of the M; [but see what is said below respecting the pass. form of sayoTara;]) and ↓ tasayoTara; (A, K;) He had, or exercised, absolute authority over us: (M, A, K:) or he was set in absolute authority over us, to oversee us, and to pay frequent attention to our various states or conditions, and to write down our manner of action: (S:) or he acted as a watcher and guardian over us, (M, K, TA,) paying frequent attention to us: (TA:) also written with S in the place of s; but originally it is with s, from Als~aToru: and every s immediately followed by T may be changed into S: (TA:) the pass. form of sayoTara is not used. (T.) : see the next preceding paragraph. , (S, M, A, Msb, K,) originally an inf. n., [see 1,] (S,) and ↓ saTarN, (S, M, Msb, K,) A line (S, M, K) of a book or writing: (M, A, K:) and a writing: (S, K:) and (tropical:) a line or row (S, M, A, Msb, K) of buildings, (S, A,) and of trees, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) &c., (Msb, K,) and [particularly] of palm-trees, and the like, (M,) [and so, app., ↓ musoTaArN, q. v.:] pl. (of the former, S, Msb) A^asoTurN (S, M, A, Msb, K) and (of the latter, S) A^asoTaArN (S, M, A, K) [both pls. of pauc.] and (of the former, S, Msb) suTuwrN, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and A^asaATiyru (Lh, S, M, K) is a pl. pl., (S, K,) i. e. pl. of A^asoTaArN. (S.) You say, kataba saTorFA mino kitaAbapK [He wrote a line of writing]: (A:) and banaY saTorFA (tropical:) He built a row (S, A) mino binaAy^ihi [of his building]: (A:) and garasa saTorFA (tropical:) He planted a row (S, A) mino wadiy~ihi [of his palm-shoots, or young palm-trees]. (A.) ― -b2- [Hence the saying,] AijoEali AlA^amora saTorFA waAHidFA (assumed tropical:) Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. bA^j.) -A2- Also the former, (saTorN,) A yearling (EatuwdN, T, M, K) of goats, (M,) or of sheep or goats: (T, K:) and SaTorN is a dial. var. thereof. (IDrd, M.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see A^usoTuwrapN. (tropical:) An object of wish or desire. (K, TA.) You say, raAjaEotu fulaAnFA walamo yusaAEido suToratiY (tropical:) [I consulted such a one, and he did not aid in the accomplishment of the object of my wish or desire]. (TK.) : see what next follows. (tropical:) A butcher; (Fr, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ saT~aArN. (Fr, O, TA.) A butcher's cleaver; (MA, O, K; *) i. e. the great knife with which the butcher cuts [the slaughtered beast: pl. sawaATiyru]. (O.) [resembling the Greek ἱστορία] (S, M, A, Msb, K) and A^usoTuwrN (M, Msb, K) and A_isoTaArapN (S, M, Msb, K) and A_isoTaArN and A_isoTiyrapN and A_isoTiyrN (M, K) sings. of A^asaATiyru, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) which signifies Lies; or falsehoods; or fictions: (S, Msb, TA:) or stories having no foundation, or no right tendency or tenour: (laA niZaAma lahaA:) [such as we commonly term legends:] (M, K:) or wonderful stories of the ancients: (A:) or their written stories: (Bd in viii. 31:) or their written tales: (Jel in lxxxiii. 13:) or their written lies: (Bd in xxiii. 85, and Jel in xxvii. 70:) or stories embellished with lies; as also ↓ suTurN: (TA:) or, accord. to some, A^asaATiyru is pl. of A^asoTaArN which is pl. of saTorN: or, accord. to AO, AsATyr is pl. of A^asoTurN which is pl. of saTorN: or, accord. to Abu-l-Hasan, AsATyr has no sing.: (M:) or the pl. of A^asoTurN, accord. to AO, is A^asaATiru, i. e., without Y: or, as some say, AsATyr is an irreg. pl. of saTorN. (TA.) An instrument with which a book is ruled (yusoTaru) [made of a piece of pasteboard with strings strained and glued across it, which is laid under the paper; the latter being ruled by being slightly pressed over each string]. (TA.) Written. (S, M.) : see musayoTirN. : see saTorN. ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Dust rising into the sky; (K, TA;) as being likened to a row of palm-trees or other things. (TA.) -A2- Also, (thus in some copies of the K, and so correctly written accord. to Sgh, with damm, TA,) or misoTaArN, (thus in the S, and in some copies of the K,) with kesr to the m, (S,) or with teshdeed, [musoTaAr~N,] as written by Ks, and this also shows it to be with damm, being in this case from A_isoTaAr~a, aor. yasoTaAr~u, (Sgh, TA,) A kind of wine in which is acidity; (S;) an acid kind of wine: (A'Obeyd, K:) or a kind of wine which prostrates its drinker: (K:) or new, or recently-made, wine, (K,) of which the taste and odour are altered: (TA:) or wine made of the earliest of grapes, recently: (T, TA:) or a wine in which is a taste between sweet and sour; also termed ↓ musoTaArapN: (Har p. 618:) Az says, it is of the dial. of the people of Syria; and I think that it is Greek, [or perhaps it is from the Latin “ mustarius, ” which is from “ mustum, ”] because it does not resemble an Arabic form: it is with S, or, as some say, with s; and [app. a mistake for “ or ”] I think it to be of the measure mufotaEalN from SaAra, with the t changed into T. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, (S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ musaT~irN, (S, K,) as also muSayoTirN, (S, A,) One who has, or exercises, absolute authority (M, A, K) over others: (M:) one who is set in absolute authority over a thing [or people], to oversee it, and to pay frequent attention to its various states or conditions, and to write down its manner of action: from Als~aToru: (S:) or a watcher and guardian; (M, K;) one who pays frequent attention to a thing. (Msb, * TA.) sTrnj [commonly pronounced saToranoj] a dial. var. of $iToranojN. (K in art. $Trnj, q. v.) sTE , aor. , (S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) inf. n. suTuwEN (S, K) and saToEN (TA) and saTiyEN, which last is rare, (K,) It rose: (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) or it spread, or diffused itself: (Mgh, TA:) said of duct, and of the dawn, (S, Msb, K,) [meaning as above, and it radiated, gleamed, or shone, (see saATiEN,)] and of light, (TA,) and of lightning, and of the rays of the sun, (K,) and (tropical:) of odour, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) in relation to which last it is tropical, and signifies it diffused itself, and rose: or it was originally said only of light; and was then used absolutely, as meaning it appeared, or became apparent. (TA.) You say also saTaEa Als~ahomu The arrow, being shot, rose into the sky, glistening. (TA.) And yasoTaEu, the aor. of saTaEa, is used by Dhu-r-Rummeh, in describing an ostrich, as meaning He raises his head, and stretches his neck. (TA.) And you say, saTaEa liY A^amoruka (assumed tropical:) Thine affair became, or has become, apparent, or manifest, to me. (Lh.) ― -b2- saTaEatoniY raAy^iHapu Almisoki (tropical:) The odour of the musk rose to my nose. (K, TA.) -A2- saTaEotu Al$~aYo'a I laid hold of the thing with the palm of the hand, or with the hand, striking [the thing]. (Msb.) And saTaEa biyadayohi, inf. n. saToEN, He clapped with his hands: whence the subst. saTaEN [q. v.]. (IDrd, K.) -A3- saTiEa, aor. , (K,) inf. n. saTaEN, (TK,) He was long-necked; he had a long neck. (K.) [See A^asoTaEu.] , inf. n. tasoTiyEN, He marked him (namely a camel) with the mark called siTaAE. (K.) (for AisotaTaEotuhu), aor. A^asoTiyEuhu (for A^asotaTiyEuhu); or A^asoTaEotuhu (for A^aTaEotuhu), aor. A^usoTyEuhu (for A^uTiyEuhu): see in art. TwE. (TA.) Length of neck. (S.) It is said of Mo- hammad, fiY Eunuqihi saTaEN In his neck was length. (TA.) [See A^asoTaEu.] -A2- A clapping with the hands, or striking with one hand upon the other, or upon the hand of another: (K:) or a striking a thing with the palm of the hand, or with the fingers. (TA.) And The sound of a striking or throwing: as in the saying, samiEotu liwaqoEihi saTaEFA $adiydFA [I heard, in consequence of its falling, a loud sound of a striking or throwing]. (K.) It is with fet-h to the medial radical because it is an onomatopœia, not an epithet nor an inf. n., for onomatopœias are sometimes made to differ [in form] from epithets. (Lth, K.) The pole of the [tent called] bayot: (S, K:) and the longest of the poles of the [tent called] xibaA=': (K:) from saATiEN applied to the dawn: (Az, TA:) and a pole that is set up in the middle of the xbA' and of the [tent called] riwaAq: pl. [of pauc.] A^asoTiEapN and [of mult.] suTuEN. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, as being likened thereto, (tropical:) The neck. (TA.) ― -b3- Hence also, (Az, TA,) (tropical:) A tall, bulky, camel. (Az, Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) A mark made with a hot iron upon the neck of a camel, (Az, S, K,) or upon his side, (TA,) lengthwise: (Az, S, K, TA:) in the R, it is said to be upon the limbs, or members. (TA.) Tall, or long. (K.) ― -b2- See also saATiEN. Rising: or spreading, or diffusing itself: [and radiating, gleaming, or shining:] applied [to dust, (see 1,) and] to the dawn, and to light, and to fire [&c.]: applied to the dawn, it denotes that extending lengthwise into the sky, and called *anabu Als~iroHaAni [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b2- Also The dawn [itself]; (TA;) and so ↓ saTiyEN; (S, TA;) because of its shining, and spreading; when it first breaks, extending lengthwise. (TA.) ― -b3- naAqapN saATiEapN A she-camel having the front of the neck, and the [whole] neck, extended. (TA.) Long-necked; (K;) applied to a camel, and an ostrich: (TA:) fem. saToEaA='u; applied to a she-camel, (TA,) and a she-ostrich. (S.) ― -b2- EunuqN A^asoTaEu A long, erect, neck: (TA:) and EunuqN siToEaA='u a neck that is long, and erect in its sinews. (AO, in describing horses; and TA.) Chaste in speech; or eloquent; (Lh, K, TA;) fluent in speech. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A camel marked with the mark called siTaAE; (S, TA;) fem. with p. and ↓ masoTuwEapN signifies the same, applied to a she-camel. (TA.) ― -b2- And A_ibilN musaT~aEapN (assumed tropical:) Camels tall as the tent-poles called suTuEN, pl. of siTaAEN. (TA.) : see musaT~aEN. sTl , inf. n. saTolN, said of a medicine, It intoxicated him: but it is a vulgar word. (TA.) ― -b2- [And hence, (assumed tropical:) He, or it, charmed, or fascinated, or delighted, him.] A state of intoxication produced by the Ha$iy$ [or herb, or perhaps species of hemp,] known by the name of zyh; as also ↓ AisotiTaAlN. (De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., i. 282; from the book entitled ktAb AlkwAkb AlsAy^rp fY AxbAr mSr wAlqAhrp.) [Both app. post-classical: see 1, of which each is quasi-pass.] : see what next precedes. He came alone, having nothing with him. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A Tusayosap [or small vessel of the kind called Tas~, or Tasot, q. v.], (M, K,) like the tawor [q. v.], (M,) having a loop-shaped handle, (M, K,) like that of the mirojal; (TA;) well known: (S, Msb:) a genuine Arabic word: (M:) or an arabicized word: [said by Golius to be in Pers. saTalN:] and SaTolN is a dial. var. thereof: (Msb:) a vessel of copper, a large [vessel of the kind called] TaAs [q. v.], for the hot bath; (MA;) the thing [i. e. vessel] in which water is drawn from the hot bath: (KL:) [in the present day applied to a kind of pail, of tinned copper, which the women take with them to the hot bath, containing the water that they require for washing after the other operations of the bath; and also used for various other purposes; as also ↓ saTolapN:] and ↓ sayoTalN signifies the same: (S, M, K, KL:) or this last signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (M,) a [vessel of the kind called] Tasot; (M, K;) not the well-known [vessel called] saTol: (K:) the pl. [of mult.] of saTolN is suTuwlN (M, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] A^asoTaAlN. (Msb.) : see the next preceding paragraph. Dust rising, or rising high; as also TaAsilN. (K.) : see saTolN. -A2- Also A tall man: (K:) or sayoTalN nayoTalN a man tall, or long, in body. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) A ship of war, prepared for fighting with. the unbelievers on the sea: mentioned by El-Makreezee in the “ Khitat; ” and he says, “ I do not think this word to be [genuine] Arabic: ” (TA:) [it is evidently from the Greek στόλος:] several writers mention it among arabicized words. (MF, TA.) sTn a verb of which only the pass. part. n. (q. v. infrà) is mentioned: if used, app. signifying He supported upon A^asaATiyn, i. e. columns: ― -b2- and hence, upon long legs: ― -b3- and he made firm.] i. q. xabiyvN [Bad, corrupt, &c.; like $aATinN]. (M, L, K.) [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Vessels of Sufor [or brass]. (L, K.) , an arabicized word, (Az, L,) [app. from the Pers. A^usotuwno, like the word next following,] A man long in the legs and back. (M, L.) And A camel long in the neck, (M, L, K,) or (K) high. (S, M, L, K.) ― -b2- What is termed A^usotuwaAnu Albayoti is well known [app. meaning The pole of the tent: (see what next follows:) and this seems to be the primary signification]. (M, L.) a word of well-known meaning, (S, L,) arabicized from [the Pers.] A^usotuwino [which signifies the same], (K,) i. q. saAriyapN [meaning A column, of stone or of baked bricks]: (S, M, L, Msb, K:) pl. A^asaATiynu (S, M, * L, Msb, K *) and A^usoTuwaAnaAtN: (Msb:) it is of the measure A^ufoEuwaAlapN, (S, L, Msb, K,) because its pl. is A^asaATaynu, the n being radical, (L, Msb,) accord. to Kh (Msb) and Fr, who says that it is the only instance of this measure; (L;) or of the measure fuEoluwaAnapN, (S, L, K,) accord. to Akh, but, (J says, L,) if so, the w is augmentative and has next to it two augmentative letters, and this is scarcely ever, or never, the case; (S, L;) IB, however, says that this is the true measure, as is shown by its pl., A^asaATiynu, and its dim., ↓ A^usayoTiynapN: (L:) accord. to some, it is of the measure A^ufoEulaAnapN, (S, L, Msb,) but, if it were so, it would not have for its pl. A^asaATiynu, as there is no instance of the measure A^afaAEiynu. (S, L.) ― -b2- [Also A portico. Hence, A^aholu AlA^usoTuwaAnapi The Stoics. ― -b3- And A cylinder.] ― -b4- And The legs of a beast: (K:) [or rather the pl.] A^asaATiynu has this meaning. (L.) ― -b5- And The penis. (K.) dim. of A^usoTuwaAnapN, q. v. (IB, L.) [app. Supported upon A^asaATiyn, i. e. columns. ― -b2- And hence,] A man, and a beast, having long legs. (L.) ― -b3- And A^asaATiynu musaT~anapN (S, M, L, K,) [Columns] made firm. (K.) sTw (S, M, Msb, K, &c.) and Ealayohi (M, Msb, K,) aor. yasoTuw, (Msb,) inf. n. saTowN (S, M, Msb, K) and saTowapN, (M, Msb, K,) or the latter is an inf. n. un., (S,) He sprang, or rushed, upon him; made an assault, or attack, upon him; syn. SaAla: (M, K:) he sprang upon him and seized him violently or laid violent hands upon him: (Bd in xxii. 71:) he seized him violently with uplifted hand: (Er-Rághib, TA:) he overbore him, overpowered him, or subdued him, (qaharahu, Lth, S, Msb, K, or taTaAwala Ealayohi, T, TA,) by seizing him violently, or laying violent hands upon him, (Lth, S, K,) and abased him; or he seized him with great violence: (Msb:) or he stretched forth his hand to him [to seize him]. (Th, M, TA.) And in like manner, (M,) one says of a stallion [camel], yasoTuw EalaY Taruwqatihi [He springs, or rushes, upon, or he overbears, the she-camel that he covers]. (S, M. *) ― -b2- saTaA EalaY Aln~aAqapi, (S, M, K,) and Alfarasi, inf. n. saTowN and suTuw~N, (M,) He (the pastor) put his hand into the raHim [or vulva] of the she-camel, (S, M, K,) and of the mare, (M,) to extract, (S, K,) or and extracted, (M,) the sperma of the stallion: (S, M, K:) when this is not extracted, the she-camel does not conceive: (S:) or this is done when she has been leaped by a stallion of low race; or when the sperma is bad, and she has not conceived in consequence of it. (M.) And He extracted from her (i. e. a she-camel, TA) the fœtus, dead: (M, TA:) and masaTa signifies “ he extracted the sperma of the stallion: ” thus Az distinguishes between the two verbs. (TA.) Accord. to IAar, one says, saTaA EalaY AlHaAmili, and saATa, which is formed by transposition, meaning He extracted the fœtus, or young one, of the pregnant female. (TA.) And A'Obeyd mentions Als~aTowu as used in relation to a woman: it is said in a trad. of El-Hasan, laA baA^osa A^ano yasoTuwa Alr~ajulu EalaY AlmaroA^api [There is, or will be, no harm in the man's extracting the fœtus of the woman]; (M, TA;) which Lth explains by saying, when her child sticks fast in her belly, dead, it may be extracted [by him] when fear is entertained for her and a woman is not found to do this. (TA.) ― -b3- saTaA said of a horse, (M, K,) inf. n. saTowN, (M,) He went at random, heedlessly, or in a headlong manner, not obeying guidance. (M, K.) ― -b4- Also, said of a horse, He went with wide step: (S, M, K:) or raised his tail in running; the doing of which is approved. (M.) ― -b5- Also (tropical:) It was, or became, abundant, or copious; said of water. (S, M, Msb, K, TA.) ― -b6- And (tropical:) He tasted food; (K, TA;) and took it with the hand, or with the extended hand. (TA.) ― -b7- And i. q. EaAqaba [app. as meaning He punished: see saTowapN, below]. (M, TA.) ― -b8- And saTaAhaA He compressed her; [and so saTaA^ahaA and $aTaA^ahaA;] on the authority of Aboo-Sa'eed. (TA.) , (K,) inf. n. musaATaApN, (TA,) He treated him with hardness, severity, or rigour: (K, TA:) so says Az, on the authority of IAar. (TA.) ― -b2- And He treated him with gentleness, or tenderness. (IAar, T, TA.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (TA.) [as a simple subst., or] as an inf. n. un., has for its pl. saTawaAtN. (S.) It signifies [A spring, or rush; or an assault, or attack: &c.: (see 1, first sentence:) impetuosity in war or battle:] a reviling: a beating: and punishment, or chastisement; as in the saying, Ait~aqi saTowatahu [Guard thyself against his punishment, or chastisement; or it may mean in this phrase, his violence, or impetuosity]. (TA.) [act. part. n. of 1, Springing, or rushing; making an assault, or attack: &c. ― -b2- Hence,] applied to a horse, That springs, or rushes, upon other horses, and stands upon his hind legs and attacks with his fore legs: (T, TA: [in the Ham p. 383, and raises his fore legs:]) or a horse wide in step: (As, S, M, K:) or that attacks other horses: (S:) or that raises his tail in his running; (S, M, K;) the doing of which is approved. (M.) ― -b3- And A stallion-camel excited by lust, and going forth from camels to other camels (S, K) in consequence thereof. (S.) ― -b4- And What is tall, or long, (K, TA,) of camels &c. (TA.) ― -b5- AlA^ayodiY Als~awaATiY The hands that reach, or take, or take hold of, a thing. (TA.) sEb It (a thing, TA, [such as saliva, and any thick liquid,]) roped; i. e. drew out, with a viscous, glutinous, cohesive, sticky, ropy, or slimy, continuity of parts; or was, or became, viscous, glutinous, cohesive, sticky, ropy, or slimy; syn. tamaT~aTa. (K.) It (water [&c.]) flowed; (K;) [or flowed in a continuous stream;] like AnvEb (TA) [and An*Eb]. Any kind of wine, or beverage, &c., that ropes; i. e. that draws out, with a viscous, glutinous, cohesive, sticky, ropy, or slimy, continuity of parts; or that is viscous, glutinous, &c. (K.) and suEobuwbapN: see the next paragraph. What extend like threads, or strings, from honey (A, * K) and marsh-mallows, (K,) and the like: (A, K:) pl. of ↓ suEobuwbN. (TA.) You say, saAla famuhu saEaAbiyba His slaver extended, or stretched out, like threads, or strings. (A, K.) And fuwhu yajoriY saEaAbiyba His mouth runs with clear water, having an extended [or a ropy] flow; like yjrY vaEaAbiyba. (S.) ― -b2- And What follow the hand in milking, [stretching out] like phlegm: pl. of ↓ suEobuwbapN. (ISh, TA.) To him are allowed, or permitted, such and such things: (K:) like musag~abN and murag~abN. (TA.) sEtr A certain plant, (S, Msb, K,) of the kind called buquwl, (Mgh,) well known; (Msb, K;) and applied also to the grain, or seed, thereof: (Mgh:) [a species of origanum, or majoram: so in the present day; and so says Golius, as on the authority of Ibn-Beytár, “ origani species, sc. consonante voce, satureia, Hisp. axedrea: ” accord. to Forskål, (Flora Aeg. Arab. p. cxiv.,) “ thymus serpyllum: ”] some write the word in books of medicine with S, in order that [when written without the diacritical points] it may not be confounded with $aEiyrN: (S, Mgh:) in the T, it is with S, on the authority of AA, only; and thus in the book of Lth: in the Jámi' of ElGhooree, with s and S: (Mgh:) or the s is changed into S in the dial. of Bel'ambar [or Benu-l-'Ambar]; and some pronounced it only with S: (Msb:) accord. to Abu-l-'Alà, the vulgar pronounce it with s, and the approved word is with S. (Ham p. 462.) [In the present day, it is also written with z.] i. q. $aATirN [q. v.], (K,) in the dial. of the people of El-'Irák. (TA.) ― -b2- And Generous, noble, or high-born, and courageous, brave, or strong-hearted. (K.) The pronunciation with S is of higher authority. (K. [This remark is probably there meant to relate to both of the words of this art.]) sEd , (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ; (Msb, K;) and suEida; (S, A, Msb, K;) inf. n. of the former, (Msb,) or of the latter, (MA,) or of both, (TA,) saEodN, (MA, Msb, TA,) and of the former, (MA,) or of both, (TA,) saEaAdapN, (MA, TA,) or this latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) He (a man, S, A, Msb) was, or became, prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (S, MA, Msb, TA;) contr. of $aqiYa; (S, * Msb, K *) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things. (Msb.) You say, saEidotu bihi and suEidotu [I was, or became, prosperous, &c., by means of him, or it]. (A.) In the Kur xi. 110, Ks read suEiduwA [instead of the common reading saEiduwA]. (S.) [See also saEaAdapN, below.] ― -b2- And saEada yawomunaA, aor. , inf. n. suEuwdN (S, K) and saEodN, (K,) Our day was, or became, prosperous, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky; (S, K;) [contr. of naHisa; and in like manner the verb is used in relation to a star or an asterism &c.; and] suEida, inf. n. saEodN, signifies [likewise] the contr. of nuHisa. (Mgh.) [See also suEuwdapN, below.] ― -b3- saEada AlmaA='u fiYAlA^aroDi means The water came upon the land unsought; i. e., came flowing [naturally] upon the surface of the land, not requiring a machine to raise it for the purpose of irrigation. (TA, from a trad.) -A2- See also 4, in three places. , (A, L, Msb,) inf. n. musaAEadapN (S, L, Msb) and siEaAdN; (L;) and ↓ AsEdhu, (K,) inf. n. A_isoEaAdN; (S;) He aided, assisted, or helped, him; syn. of the former EaAwanahu, (S, * L, Msb,) and of the latter A^aEaAnahu: (S, * K:) [like as is said of EaAwanahu and A^aEaAnahu,] both signify the same: or musaAEadapN signifies the aiding, or assisting, or helping, in any manner or case; and is said to be from a man's putting his arm, or hand, upon the saAEid [or fore arm] of his companion when they walk together to accomplish some object of want, and aid each other to do a thing: [so that saAEadahu more properly signifies he aided him, being aided by him: but see saAEidN:] whereas ↓ A_isoEaAdN signifies specially a woman's aiding, assisting, or helping, another to wail for a dead person: so says El-Khattábee: and this is what is meant in a trad. in which AsEAd is forbidden. (L.) One says, sAEdhu Ealayohi [He aided, assisted, or helped him against him, or it, or to do it]: and Aln~aAy^iHapu Alv~akolaY ↓ A^asoEadati The wailing-woman assisted the woman bereft of her child to weep and wail. (A.) Accord. to Fr, [but this is questionable,] the primary signification of musaAEadapN and ↓ A_isoEaAdN is A man's performing diligently the command and good pleasure of God. (L.) , [inf. n. A_isoEaAdN,] God rendered him prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ saEadahu, aor. ; (T, Msb, TA;) but the former is the more common. (Msb.) And AsEd A@ll~`hu jad~ahu, (A, L,) God made his good fortune to increase; as also ↓ saEada jad~ahu. (L.) And accord. to Az, AsEdhu A@ll~`hu and ↓ saEadahu signify God aided, assisted, or helped, him; and accommodated, adapted, or disposed, him to the right course. (L, TA.) See also 3, in four places. He sought after the plant called saEodaAn. (K.) He deemed it, or reckoned it, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky. (K.) You say, AstsEd biruw^oyapi fulaAnK He deemed, or reckoned, the sight of such a one fortunate, auspicious, or lucky. (S.) ― -b2- He became fortunate by means of him, or it. (MA.) ― -b3- He sought good fortune by means of him, or it. (MA.) ― -b4- [And AstsEdhu He desired, or demanded, his aid or assistance: for] AisotisoEaAdN also signifies the desiring, or demanding, aid or assistance [of another]. (KL.) an inf. n. of saEida, (Msb,) or of suEida, (MA,) or of both: (TA:) and of saEada: (K, TA:) [and also used as a simple subst.:] see saEaAdapN [with which it is syn.]: and see also suEuwdapN [with which it is likewise syn.]; i. q. yumonN. (S, A.) ― -b2- It is also an inf. n. used as an epithet, i. e. Prosperous, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky, applied to a day, and to a star or an asterism [&c.: so that it may be used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl.: but it is also used as originally an epithet, forming its fem. with p; and in this case it has for pl. of mult. suEuwdN and pl. of pauc. A^asoEudN]: you say yawomN saEodN, as well as yawomu saEodK [in which it is used as a subst.]; and kawokabN saEodN: and IJ mentions layolapN saEodapN, in which saEodapN is like jaEodapN as fem. of jaEodN. (L.) ― -b3- [Hence,] Als~aEodaAni is an appellation of The two planets Venus and Mercury: like as [the contr.] Aln~aHosaAni is applied to Saturn and Mars. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA in art. nHs.) ― -b4- And [hence, also,] saEodN is an appellation given to Each of ten asterisms, (S, L, K,) four of which are in the signs of Capricornus and Aquarius, (S, L,) and are Mansions of the Moon: pl. [of mult.] suEuwdN (S, L, K) and suEudN; but the former is the more known, and more agreeable with analogy; and pl. of pauc. A^asoEudN: (L:) they are distinguished by the following names: — saEodu Al*~aAbiHi, (S, L, K,) [or saEodN Al*~aAbiHu, see art. *bH,] Two stars near together, one of which is called Al*AbH because with it is a small obscure star, almost close to it, and it seems as though the former were about to slaughter it; and Al*AbH is a little brighter that it; (Ibn-Kunáseh;) they are the two stars [ α and β ] which are in one of the horns of Capricornus; so called because of the small adjacent star, which is said to be the sheep ($Ap) of Al*AbH, which he is about to slaughter; the Twenty-second Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw:) [see also art. *bH:] ― -b5- saEodu bulaEa (S, L, K) Two obscure stars, lying obliquely, of which Aboo-Yahyà says, the Arabs assert that they rose [at dawn] when God said, yaA A^aroDu A@bolaEiY maA='aki [Kur xi. 46]; and said to be thus called because one of them seems as though about to swallow the other, on account of its nearness to it: (Ibn-Kunáseh:) or three stars [app. ε and μ with the star of the same magnitude next to them on the north] on [or rather near] the left hand of Aquarius; [the Twenty-third Mansion of the Moon:] (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius:) [See also art. blE:] ― -b6- saEodu Als~uEuwdi (S, L, K) Two stars, the most approved of the suEuwd, and therefore thus named, resembling sEd Al*AbH [app. a mistake for saEodu AlbaAriEi, or some other sEd, not of the Mansions of the Moon,] in the time of their [auroral] rising; (Ibn-Kunáseh;) the star [ β] which is on the left shoulder-joint of Aquarius, together with the star [ δ] in the tail of Capricornus; [the Twentyfourth Mansion of the Moon:] (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius:) or a certain solitary bright star: (S:) ― -b7- saEodu AlA^axobiyapi (S, L, K) [also called AlA^axobiyapu and AlxibaA='u (see xibaA='N in art. xbY)] Three stars, not in the track of the other suEuwd, but declining from it [a little], in, or respecting, which there is a discordance; they are neither very obscure nor very bright; and are thus called because, when they rise [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles of the earth, such as scorpions and serpents, come forth from their holes; (Ibn-Kuná- seh;) [and this observation is just; for this asterism, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, on the 24th of February, O. S., after the end of the cold season: see manaAzilu Alqamari, in art. nzl:] or it consists of three stars, like the three stones upon which the cooking-pot is placed, with a fourth below one of them; (S;) the star [γ] that is on the right arm, together with the three stars [ ζ, η, and π,] on the right hand of Aquarius: so called because, when it rises [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles that have hidden themselves beneath the ground by reason of the cold appear: (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius; [in some copies, incorrectly, for “ that have hidden themselves, ” &c., “ hide themselves beneath the ground by reason of the cold: ”]) it is said that the sEd is one star, the brightest of four, the other three of which are obscure; and it is [correctly] said to be called thus because, when it rises [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles that are hidden beneath the ground come forth: it is the Twenty-fifth Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw, descr. of the Mansions of the Moon:) ― -b8- the following are the other sEwd, which are not Mansions of the Moon: (S, L, K:) ― -b9- saEodu naA$irapa (S, L, K) [Two stars, situate, accord. to Ideler, as is said in Freytag's Lex., in the tail of Capricornus]: ― -b10- saEodu Almaliki (S, L, K) The two stars [a and o?] on the right shoulder of Aquarius: (Kzw:) ― -b11- saEodu AlbihaAmi (S, L, K) The two stars [ ε and θ?] on the head of Pegasus: (Kzw: [but ii. the copies of his work the name is written saEodu AlbahaAy^imi:]) ― -b12- saEodu AlhumaAmi (S, L, K) The two stars [ ζ and 31 ?] on the neck of Pegasus: (Kzw:) saEodu AlbaAriEi (S, L, K) The two stars near together [ μ and and λ?] in the breast of Pegasus: (Kzw:) ― -b13- saEodu maTarK (S, L, K) The two stars [ η and ο ?] on the right [or left ?] knee of Pegasus: (Kzw: but there called saEodu AlmaTari:) ― -b14- each sEd of these six consists of two stars: between every two stars, as viewed by the eye, is [said to be] a distance of a cubit, (*iraAE,) (S, L,) or about a cubit; (K;) [but this is not correct;] and they are disposed in regular order. (S, L.) ― -b15- It is also the name of A certain object of idolatrous worship that belonged to the sons of Milkán (S, K) the son of Kináneh, (S,) in a place on the shore of the sea, adjacent to Juddeh. (TA.) A poet says, wahalo saEodu A_il~aA SaxorapN bitanuwfapK mina AlA^aroDi laA tadoEuw ligaY~K walaA ru$odi [And is Saad aught but a mass of rock in a desert tract of the earth, not inviting to error nor to a right course?]. (S, TA.) Hudheyl is said to have worshipped it in the Time of Ignorance. (TA.) ― -b16- binotu saEodK is metonymically used as meaning (tropical:) The virginity, or hymen, of a girl or woman. (TA.) ― -b17- ↓ A^asaEodN A^amo suEayodN, meaning (tropical:) Is it a thing liked or a thing disliked? (S, A, K,) is a prov., (S, A,) which [is said to have] originated from the fact that Saad and So'eyd, [the latter name erroneously written in some copies of the S and K saEiyd,] the two sons of Dabbeh the son of Udd, went forth (S, K, TA) to seek some camels belonging to them, (TA,) and Saad returned, but So'eyd was lost, and his name became regarded as unlucky: (S, K, TA:) Dabbeh used to say this when he saw a dark object in the night: and hence it is said in allusion to care for one's relation; and in inquiring whether a good or an evil event have happened. (TA.) [The saying may also be rendered, Is it a fortunate thing or a little fortunate thing?] ― -b18- saEodayoka, in the saying lab~ayoka wasaEodayoka, signifies Aiding Thee after aiding [i. e. time after time]; syn. A_isoEaAdFA laka baEoda A_isoEaAdK: (ISk, T, S, L, K:) or aiding Thee and then aiding: (Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà, L:) or aiding thy cause after aiding [i. e. time after time]: (T, L:) and hence it is in the dual number: (IAth, L:) El-Jarmee says that it has no sing.; and Fr says the same of it, and also of lab~ayoka: it is in the accus. case as an inf. n. governed by a verb understood. (L.) It occurs in the form of words preceding the recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án in prayer, lab~ayoka wasaEodayoka waAlxayoru bayona yadayoka waAls~ar~u layosa A_ilayoka [meaning I wait intent upon thy service, or upon obedience to Thee, time after time, and upon aiding thy cause time after time; and good is before Thee, and evil is not imputable to Thee]. (L, TA.) -A2- Also The third part of the labinap [or gore] (K, TA) of a shirt: (TA:) [the dim.] ↓ suEayodN signifies the fourth part thereof. (K, TA.) and ↓ suEaAdaY A certain kind of perfume, (S, K,) well known: (K:) or the former is pl. of ↓ suEodapN, [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which suEodapN is the n. un.,] and this last is [the name of] a certain kind of sweet-smelling root; it is a rhizoma (A^aruwmap), round, black, hard, like a knot; which forms an ingredient in perfumes and medicines: (AHn:) and ↓ suEaAdaY is the name of its plant; (Lth, AHn;) and its pl. is suEaAdayaAtN: (AHn:) or the suEod is a certain plant having a root (A^aSol) beneath the ground, black, and of sweet odour: and the ↓ suEaAdaY is another plant: (Az:) [in the present day, the former of these two names (suEod) is applied to a species of cyperus: a species thereof is termed by Forskål (in his Flora Aegypt. Arab, pp. lx. and 14,) cyperus complanatus; and he writes its Arabic name “ sæad ” and “ sææd: ”] it has a wonderful efficacy applied to ulcers, or sores, that heal with difficulty. (K.) A certain sort of dates. (K, TA.) : see suEodN [of which it is the n. un.]. Coats of mail of the fabric of a town called Als~aEodu. (TA.) , in which the n is an augmentative letter, because there is not in the language any word of the measure faEolaAlN except xazoEaAlN and qahoqaArN unless it is of the reduplicative class, (S,) A certain plant, (S, K,) growing in the plain, or soft, tracts, (TA,) one of the best kinds of the pastures of camels, (S, K,) as long as it continues fresh; (TA;) having [a head of] prickles, (T, S, K,) called Hasakapu Als~aEodaAni, (T, S,) to which the nipple [or the areola] of a woman's breast is likened: (S, K: [see saEodaAnapN, below:]) the Arabs say that the camels that yield the sweetest milk are those that eat this plant: (TA:) and they fatten upon it: (Az, TA:) it is of the kind of plants called A^aHoraAr [pl. of Hur~N, meaning slender, and succulent or soft or sweet], dust-coloured, and sweet, and eaten by everything that is not large, [as well as by camels,] and it is one of the most wholesome kinds of pasture: (AHn, TA:) it is a herb, or leguminous plant, having a round fruit with a prickly face, which, when it dries, falls upon the ground on its back, and when a person walking treads upon it, the prickles wound his foot: it is one of the best of their pastures in the days of the ribyE, and sweetens the milk of the camels that feed upon it; for it is sweet as long as it continues fresh; and in this state men such it and eat it: (Az, L:) the n. un. is with p. (TA.) Hence the prov., maroEFY walaA kaAls~aEodaAni [Pasture, but not like the sEdAn]: (S, K:) said of a thing possessing excellence, but surpassed in excellence by another thing; or of a thing that excels other things of the like kind. (TA.) ― -b2- Also The prickles of the palm-tree. (AHn, TA.) , like suboHaAna, is a name for AlA_isoEaAd [inf. n. of 4, and, like sbHAn, invariable, being put in the accus. case in the manner of an inf. n.]: one says, suboHaAnahu wasuEodaAnahu, meaning A^usab~iHuhu waA^uTiyEuhu [i. e. I declare, or celebrate, or extol, his (i. e. God's) remoteness, or freedom, from every imperfection, or impurity, &c., (see art. sbH,) and I render Him obedience, or aid his cause]. (K, TA.) n. un. of saEodaAnN. (TA.) ― -b2- saEodaAnapu Alv~anoduwapi The nipple of a woman's breast; as being likened to the [head of] prickles of the plant called saEodaAn, as mentioned above: (S, K:) or saEodaAnapu Alv~adoYi, i. e. the blackness [or areola] around the nipple: (A:) or the part surrounding the vadoY [here meaning nipple], like the whirl of a spindle. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence likewise,] saEodaAnapN signifies also The knot of the $isoE [or appertenance that passes between two of the toes and through the sole] of the sandal, (S, A, K,) beneath, (A, K,) next the ground; (S;) also called rugobaAnapN. (K in art. rgb.) ― -b4- And The knot beneath the scale of a balance: (K, * TA:) the knots beneath the scale of a balance (S, A) are called its saEodaAnaAt. (A.) ― -b5- And the pl., saEodaAnaAtN, Things in the lower parts of the [tendons, or sinews, called] EujaAyap, resembling nails (A^aZofaAr). (S, K.) ― -b6- Also the sing., The callous protuberance upon the breast of the camel, (S, A, K,) upon which he rests when he lies down: (A, TA:) so called because of its roundness. (TA.) ― -b7- And The anus: (K:) or the sphincter thereof. (TA.) ― -b8- And The part of the vulva of a mare where the veretrum enters. (TA.) -A2- Also A pigeon: or Als~aEodaAnapu is the name of a certain pigeon. (K, *, TA.) , applied to a man, (S, Msb,) Prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (T, S, A, Msb, K;) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things; (Msb;) as also ↓ masoEuwdN: (A, * K:) or the latter signifies, (T, S, Msb,) or signifies also, (K,) and so may the former signify, (T, TA,) rendered prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity, by God; (T, S, Msb, K;) irregularly derived from A^asoEadahu, (S, * K * MF,) or regularly from saEadahu: (T, Msb:) one should not say musoEadN: (S, K:) fem. of the former [and latter] with p: (TA:) pl. of the former suEadaA='u, (A, Msb, TA,) and, accord. to Lh, saEiyduwna and A^asaAEidu; but ISd says, I know not whether he mean [of] the [proper] name or of the epithet; but A^asaAEidu as pl. of saEiydN is anomalous: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ masoEuwdN is [masoEuwduwna and] masaAEiydu. (A, TA.) -A2- Also A nahor [i. e. river, or rivulet, or canal of running water,] (K, TA) that irrigates the land in the parts adjacent to it, when it is appropriated thereto: or a small nahor: the nahor for irrigation of a tract of seed-produce: pl. suEudN. (TA.) : see saEodN, [of which it is the dim.,] in the last quarter of the paragraph, in two places. an inf. n. of saEida (MA, TA) and of suEida, (TA,) or a simple subst., (Msb,) Prosperity, good fortune, happiness, or felicity, of a man; (S, Msb, K;) contr. of $aqaAwapN; (S, Msb, * K;) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things: (Msb:) [and so ↓ saEodN used as a simple subst.:] it is of two kinds; A^uxoraAwiy~apN [relation to the world to come] and dunoyaAwiy~apN [relating to the present world]: and the latter is of three kinds; nafosiy~apN [relating to the soul] and badaniy~apN [relating to the body] and xaArijiy~apN [relating to external circumstances]. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. $qw.) [See also what next follows.] Prosperousness, fortunateness, auspiciousness, or luckiness, (S, L,) of a day, and of a star or an asterism [&c.]; (L;) [as also ↓ saEodN used as a simple subst.;] contr. of nuHuwsapN. (S, L.) A temple to which the Arabs (K, TA) of the tribe of Rabeea (TA) used to perform pilgrimage, (K, TA,) at [Mount] Ohod, in the Time of Ignorance. (TA.) : see suEodN, in three places. A sort of garments of the kind called buruwd, of the fabric of El-Yemen: (S, K:) app. so called in relation to the mountains of BenooSa'eed. (TA.) ― -b2- And Hul~apN saEiydiy~apN [A certain kind of dress]: so called in relation to Sa'eed Ibn-El-'Ás, whom, when a boy, or young man, the Prophet clad with a Hul~ap, the kind of which was thence thus named. (Har. p. 596.) The fore arm (*iraAE) of a man; (K;) the part of the arm from the wrist to the elbow; (T, L;) or from elbow to the hand: (Mgh, Msb:) so called because it aids the hand in seizing a thing (T, Msb) or taking it (T) and in work: (Msb:) or it signifies, (S,) or signifies also, (Msb,) the upper arm, or upper half of the arm, from the elbow to the shoulder-blade, syn. EaDudN, [q. v.,] (S, Msb,) of a man: (S:) [and in like manner, of a beast, both the fore shank and the arm:] in some one or more of the dialects, the upper of the zanodaAni [which may mean either the upper arm or the radius]; the *iraAE being the lower of them [which may mean either the “ fore arm ” or the “ ulna ”]: (L, TA:) of the masc. gender: (Msb:) pl. sawaAEidu. (T, Mgh, Msb, TA.) One says, $ad~a A@ll~`hu EalaY saAEidika and sawaAEidikumo [May God strengthen thy fore arm and aid thee, and your fore arms and aid you]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And hence, [A kind of armlet;] a thing that is worn upon the fore arm, of iron or brass or gold. (Mgh.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] saAEidaA AlT~aAy^iri (assumed tropical:) The two wings of the bird. (S, K.) ― -b4- And Als~awaAEidu (tropical:) The anterior, or primary, feathers of the wing: so in the phrase, TaAy^irN $adiydu Als~awaAEidi (tropical:) [A bird strong in the anterior, or primary, feathers of the wing]. (A, TA.) ― -b5- Also the sing., (assumed tropical:) A chief, upon whom people rely. (TA.) ― -b6- And the pl., sawaAEidu, (tropical:) The channels in which water runs to a river or small river (nahor), (S, A, K,) or to a sea or large river (baHor); (AA, S, K;) the sing. said by AA to be saAEidN, without p: or this latter signifies a channel in which water runs to a valley, and to a sea or large river (baHor): or the channel in which a large river (baHor) runs to small rivers (A^anohaAr). (L.) And (tropical:) The places from which issues the water of a well: the channels of the springs thereof. (L.) ― -b7- Also (assumed tropical:) The medullary cavities; the ducts through which runs the marrow in a bone. (S, K.) ― -b8- And (tropical:) The ducts (AA, A, TA) in the udder (A, TA) from which the milk comes (AA, A, TA) to the orifice of the teat; as being likened to the swAEd of the baHor: (AA, TA:) the qaSab of the udder: (As, TA:) or saAEidN signifies the orifice of a she-camel's teat, from which the milk issues: and saAEidu Ald~ar~i, a duct by which the milk descends to the she-camel's udder: and in like manner saAEidN signifies a duct that conveys the milk to a woman's breast or nipple. (TA.) ― -b9- A^amorN *uw sawaAEida means (tropical:) An affair having several modes, or manners, [in which it may be per- formed,] and several ways of egress therefrom. (A, TA.) The bone of the shank. (TA.) ― -b2- And A piece of wood, (K, TA,) set up, (TA,) that holds the pulley. (K, TA.) -A2- saAEidapu is a name of The lion: (S, K:) imperfectly decl., like A^usaAmapu. (TA.) [More, and most, prosperous or fortunate or happy; an epithet applied to a man:] masc. of suEodaY: (S, K:) but IJ says that suEodaY as an epithet has not been heard. (TA.) -A2- Also A [cracking of the skin, such as is termed] $uqaAq, resembling mange, or scab, that happens to a camel, and in consequence of which he becomes decrepit, (K, TA,) and weak. (TA.) : see saEiydN, in two places. sEr , (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. saEorN; (Msb;) and ↓ AsErhA, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. A_isoEaArN; (Msb;) and ↓ sE~rhA, (A, K,) inf. n. tasoEiyrN; (TA;) or the last has an intensive signification; (S;) He lighted, or kindled, the fire; or made it to burn, to burn up, to burn brightly or fiercely, to blaze, or to flame; syn. A^awoqadahaA, (Msb, K,) or hay~ajahaA and A^alohabahaA. (S, A.) In the Kur lxxxi. 12, some read suEirato; and others, ↓ suE~irato, which latter has an intensive signification. (S.) And saEara Aln~aAra He stirred the fire with a misoEar. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] saEara AlHaroba, (S, K,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n.; (TA;) and ↓ AsErhA, and ↓ sE~rhA; (K;) (tropical:) He kindled war; (K, TA;) excited, or provoked, it. (S, TA.) And saEaruwA naAra AlHarobi (tropical:) [They kindled, or excited, the fire of war]. (A.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] saEarahumo $ar~N (tropical:) [Evil, or mischief, excited them, or inflamed them]. (A.) And saEara EalaY qawomihi (tropical:) [He excited, or inflamed, against his people]. (A.) ― -b4- And saEarahumo $ar~FA (tropical:) He did extensive evil, or mischief, to them: (ISk, S, TA: *) or he did evil, or mischief, to them generally, or in common; as also ↓ AsErhm, and ↓ sE~rhm; (TA;) or one should not say ↓ AsErhm. (ISk, S, TA.) ― -b5- And saEaronaAhumo biAln~aboli (assumed tropical:) We burned and pained them [or inflicted upon them burning pain] with arrows. (S.) ― -b6- And saEara AlA_ibila, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) (tropical:) He (a camel, TK) communicated to the [other] camels his mange, or scab. (K, TA.) ― -b7- And suEira, (S, A,) inf. n. suEaArN, (TA,) (tropical:) He (a man) was smitten by the [hot wind called] samuwm. (S, A.) And (tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, vehemently hungry and thirsty. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, mad, insane, or a demoniac. (MA.) ― -b8- You say also, saEarotu Alyawoma fiY HaAjatiY saEorapF (assumed tropical:) I made a circuit during the day, or to-day, for the accomplishment of my want. (S.) And laA^asoEaran~a saEorahu, i. e. laA^aTuwfan~u Tawofahu (assumed tropical:) [app. meaning I will assuredly practise circumvention like his practising thereof]. (Fr, O, K.) ― -b9- And saEara All~ayola biAlmaTiY~, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He journeyed throughout the night with the camels, or beasts, used for riding. (ISk, TA.) ― -b10- And saEarati Aln~aAqapu (assumed tropical:) The she-camel was quick, or swift, in her going. (TA.) [See also saEaraAnN, below.] see 1, in four places. -A2- sE~rhu [from siEorN], (Sgh, Msb,) inf. n. tasoEiyrN; (Msb;) and ↓ AsErhu; (Sgh, Msb;) He assigned to it a known and fixed price: (Msb:) or he declared its current price, or the rate at which it should be sold. (Sgh.) And sE~r lahumo, (A, TA,) inf. n. as above; (S;) and lhm ↓ AsEr; (A;) He (a governor, A) fixed the amount of the prices of provisions &c. for them; (S, TA;) the doing of which is not allowable. (TA.) ― -b2- And sE~rwA, inf. n. as above; and ↓ AsErwA; They agreed as to a price, or rate at which a thing should be sold. (K.) app. signifies (assumed tropical:) He acted with him, or it, like one mad, or like a mad dog; for, accord. to Et-Tebreezee, (Ham p. 785,) it is from misoEarN as an epithet applied to a dog, meaning “ mad. ”] see 1, in four places. ― -b2- A^asoEaranaA qafozFA, said of a wild animal, means (assumed tropical:) He excited and annoyed us by leaping, or bounding. (TA, from a trad.) -A2- See also 2, in three places. see the next paragraph. , (S, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ tsE~rt, (S, A, K,) [but the latter, app., has an intensive signification,] The fire burned or burned up, burned brightly or fiercely, blazed, or flamed. (S, A, Msb, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] AstErt AlHarobu (tropical:) The war [raged like fire, or] spread. (K, TA.) And in like manner, (TA,) AstEr Al$~ar~u (tropical:) The evil, or mischief, [raged, or] spread. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And AstEr All~uSuwSu, (S, A, K,) or AstErt, (TA,) (tropical:) The thieves, or robbers, put themselves in motion, (K, TA,) for mischief, (TA,) as though they were set on fire. (S, K, TA.) ― -b4- And AstEr Aljarabu fiY AlbaEiyri (tropical:) The mange, or scab, began in the armpits and the groins or similar parts (AA, S, A, * K) and the lips (S) of the camels. (AA, S, A, K.) ― -b5- And AstEr Aln~aAsu fiY kul~i wajohK (assumed tropical:) The people ate the fresh ripe dates in every direction, and obtained them; like AisotanojawoA. (Aboo-Yoosuf, TA.) (tropical:) A vehement shooting or throwing: (A:) [or a burning, painful shooting; as is indicated in the S:] one says DarobN haborN wa TaEonN natorN waramoYN saEorN (assumed tropical:) [a smiting that cleaves off a piece of flesh, and a piercing inflicted with extraordinary force, and a burning, painful shooting]. (S.) It is said in a trad. of 'Alee, AiDoribuwA haborFA waA@romuwA saEorFA (assumed tropical:) [Smite ye so as to cleave off a piece of flesh, and] shoot ye quickly: the shooting being thus likened to the burning of fire. (TA.) : see suEaArN. ― -b2- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Madness, insanity, or demoniacal possession; (K;) as also ↓ suEurN: (S, K:) so ↓ the latter is expl. by AAF as used in the Kur liv. 47: and so it is expl. as used in verse 24 of the same chap.: (TA:) or it signifies in the former, (S,) or in the latter, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) fatigue, or weariness, or distress, or affliction, and punishment: (Fr, S, TA:) or, accord. to Az, A_in~aA A_i*aA lafiY DalaAlK wasuEurK, in verse 24, may mean (assumed tropical:) verily we should in that case be in error, and in punishment arising from what would necessarily befall us: or, accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, it means, in a state that would inflame and excite us. (TA.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) Hunger; and so ↓ suEaArN: (Fr, K, TA:) or the former signifies vehemence of desire for flesh-meat: (K, TA:) and ↓ the latter, vehemence of hunger: (S:) or the burning of hunger: (TA:) and the burning of thirst. (A.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) A disease, such as the mange, or scab, that is transitive from one to another; or the transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from one to another; syn. EadowaY. (K. [See 1.]) The current price, or rate, at which a thing is to be sold: (MA, K:) pl. A^asoEaArN. (S, A, Msb, K.) One says, lahu siEorN, meaning It is exceedingly valuable: and layosa lahu siEorN It is exceedingly cheap. (Msb.) : see suEorapN. (assumed tropical:) Mad, insane, or possessed by a demon: (K:) and so ↓masoEuwrapN applied to a she-camel: (S:) or the latter, so applied, that will not remain still; from suEurN meaning “ madness, or insanity, or demoniacal possession: ” (Ham p. 785:) [See also misoEarN:] the pl. of saEirN is saEoraY. (K.) : see suEorN, in two places. (assumed tropical:) A cough: (O, K:) or a sharp cough; as also ↓ saEiyrapN. (IAar, TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) The beginning of an affair or a case; and the newness thereof: (K, TA:) in some copies of the K, Hid~atuhu is erroneously put for jid~atuhu. (TA.) A colour inclining to blackness, (S, TA,) a little above what is termed A^udomapN; as also ↓ saEarN. (TA.) [an inf. n.] Vehemence of running. (O, K.) [See 1, last signification.] (S, K) and ↓suEoruwrapN (K) (assumed tropical:) Daybreak. (K.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) The rays of the sun entering an aperture of a house or chamber: (K, * TA:) or the motes that are seen in the rays of the sun (Az, S, TA) when they fall into a chamber, moving to and fro. (Az, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. The heat (S, K) of fire; (S;) as also ↓ suEorN: (K:) and (tropical:) of night. (A.) ― -b2- See also suEorN, in two places. ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) Evil, or mischief: so in the saying, laA yanaAmu Aln~aAsu mino suEaArihi [Men will not sleep by reason of his evil, or mischief], occurring in a trad. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A she-camel quick, or swift, in her going. (TA.) [See 1, last signification.] Lighted, or kindled; or made to burn, burn up, burn brightly or fiercely, blaze, or flame: (K, TA:) of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN: (TA:) [and thus] similar to dahiynN and SariyEN; for you say naArN ↓ masoEuwrapN: (Akh, S:) or naArN saEiyrN signifies fire kindled, or made to burn &c., with other fire. (Lh, TA.) ― -b2- Also Fire (S, K) itself; (S;) and so ↓ saAEuwrapN and ↓ saAEuwrN: (K:) or [so in the TA, but in the K “ and, ”] its flame; (K;) as also ↓ saAEuwrapN and ↓ saAEuwrN. (TA.) -A2- Als~aEiyru: see what next follows. , (O, K,) and ↓ Als~aEiyru, (S,) or the latter is a mistake, (O, TA,) A certain idol, (S, K,) belonging peculiarly to [the tribe of] 'Anazeh. (Ibn-El-Kelbee, S.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in art. mwr.] : see saEorapN. : see saEiyrN, in two places. ― -b2- Also A sort of fire-place, or oven, (tan~uwrN, K, TA,) dug in the ground, in which bread is baked. (TA.) -A2- And The chief of the Christians in the knowledge of medicine (K, TA) and of the instruments thereof: [said to be] originally saAEuwraA=', a Syriac word, meaning the investigator of the cases of the diseased. (TA.) : see saEiyrN, in two places. , applied to a man, Of the colour termed suEorapN: fem. saEoraA='u. (TA.) ― -b2- And, so applied, (TA,) Having little flesh, (K, TA,) lean, or lank in the belly, (TA,) having the sinews apparent, altered in colour or complexion, or emaciated, (K, TA,) and slender. (TA.) The slender part of the tail of a camel. (K.) ― -b2- See also masaAEiru. and ↓ misoEaArN (S, K) The thing, (K,) or wood, (S,) or instrument of iron or of wood, (TA,) with which a fire is stirred [or made to burn or burn up &c.]: (S, * K, * TA:) pl. (of the former, A) masaAEiru (A, TA) and [of the latter] masaAEiyru. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence one says of a man, A_in~ahu lamisoEaru HarobK (tropical:) Verily he is one who makes the fire of war to rage; (S, A, * K, * TA;) a stirrer of the fire of war. (TA.) ― -b3- Also the former, (misoEarN), (assumed tropical:) Long; (AA, S, K;) applied to a neck (K) or some other thing: (TA:) or strong. (As, K.) ― -b4- And, applied to a dog, (assumed tropical:) Mad. (Ham p. 785.) [See also saEirN.] ― -b5- AlmisoEaru as an epithet applied to a horse means Aal~a*iY yuTiyHu qawaAy^imahu mutafar~iqapN walaA Dabora lahu [i. e., app., That makes his legs to fall spread apart, and that has no leaping with his legs put together]: (K:) or, in the words of AO, [and so in the O,] Al*Y tuTiyHu qawaAy^imahu [app. whose legs thow makest to fall &c.]: (TA:) [in the CK, wlA Sabora lahu, which is, I doubt not, a mistake: and in the TA is added, wqyl wavobN mujotamiEu AlqawaAy^imi, in which wqyl is evidently a mistranscription for wahuwa, referring to Dabor, which is well known as meaning wavobN mujotamiEu AlqawaAy^imi:] and ↓ musaAEirN signifies the same. (AO.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see its syn. saEiyrN. ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) A man smitten by the [hot wind called] samuwm. (S, A.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) Vehemently hungry and thirsty: (TA:) eager for food, even though his belly be full; (K;) and, it is said, for drink also. (TA.) ― -b4- See also saEirN. [a pl. of which the sing., if it have one, is probably ↓ masoEarN,] (assumed tropical:) The armpits, and the groins or similar parts, (S, A, * K,) and the lips, (S,) of camels. (S, A, K.) : see misoEarN, last sentence. sET see what next follows. , (S,) or AsETh dawaA='F, (AA, IDrd, Mgh, Msb, K,) He poured, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or introduced, (K,) medicine into his (a man's, S) nose; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ saEaTahu, aor. and , (K,) the former of which, namely , is the more approved, inf. n. saEoTN. (TA.) Both are also written with S. (K and TA in art. SET.) ― -b2- [Hence,] AsEThu Alr~umoHa (tropical:) He pierced him in his nose with the spear: ('Eyn, K:) or it is like A^awojarahu, meaning he pierced him in his breast, or chest, with the spear. (S.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] AsEThu EilomFA (tropical:) He took extraordinary pains in making him to understand science, (K, TA,) and in repeating to him what he taught him. (TA.) He (a man, S) poured medicine into his (i. e. his own) nose; or had it poured therein; (S, Mgh;) or introduced it, or had it introduced, therein: (K:) the pass. form, AusotuEiTa, is not allowable. (Mgh.) (assumed tropical:) He (a camel, TA) smelled the urine of the she-camel, (K,) or somewhat thereof, (TA,) and it, (K,) or some of it, (TA,) entered into his nose; (K;) then he covered her, and failed not to impregnate. (TA.) A single introduction of medicine into the nose; as also wAHdp ↓ A_isoEaATapN. (Lth, K.) : see saEiyTN, in four places. Medicine that is poured, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or introduced, (K,) into the nose; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) [an errhine;] as also SaEuwTN; (Lh, K;) which is thought, by ISd, to be an instance of assimilation [like SiraATN for siraATN] such as Sb mentions. (TA.) ― -b2- Also Sweat. (TA.) : see the next paragraph, in two places. Sweet, or pleasant, odour, of wine and the like, or of anything: (A'Obeyd, K:) and sharpness, or pungency, of odour; as also ↓ suEaATN; (K;) the former, [for instance,] of mustard, (ISk,) and so ↓ suEuwTN: (TA:) and Almisoki ↓ suEaATu signifies the odour of musk. (Fr.) A rájiz says, describing camels and their milk, HamoDy~apN Tay~ibapu Als~uEaATi [That eat the plants called HamoD, sweet in odour]. (AHn.) And you say, ↓ huwa Tay~ibu Als~uEuwTi and ↓ AlA_isoEaATi [He, or it, is sweet in odour: but the latter is perhaps a mistranscription, for Als~uEaATi]. (TA.) ― -b2- The dregs, lees, or sediment, of wine. (S, K.) ― -b3- The baAn [or ben]: (K:) the oil thereof: (IB, K:) the oil of mustard: (K:) and the oil of the zanobaq [or jasmine]. (TA.) -A2- I. q. musoEaTN [pass. part. n. of 4, q. v.]. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see saEoTapN. , (S, Msb, K,) and misoEaTN, (Lth, K,) the former an instance of the instr. n. with damm, (S, Msb, TA,) which is extr., (Msb, TA,) like munoxulN &c., (TA,) The thing, (K,) or vessel, or receptacle, (S, Msb,) into which saEuwT is put, (S, Msb, K,) and from which it is poured into the nose. (K.) sEf : see 4. -A2- saEifato yaduhu, (S, TA,) inf. n. saEafN, (S, K,) His hand became cracked around the nails; (S, K, * TA;) as also say^ifato. (S, TA.) ― -b2- saEifati Aln~aAqapu, in the K, erroneously, suEifat, with damm, (TA,) or saEifa AlbaEiyru, (ISk, S,) The she-camel, (K, TA,) or he-camel, (ISk, S,) became affected with what is termed ↓ saEafN, meaning a disease in the mouth, like mange, or scab, in consequence of which the hair of the xuroTuwm [i. e. nose, or fore part of the nose,] falls off, (ISk, S, K,) and the hair of the eyes: (ISk, S:) the like thereof in sheep or goats is termed garabN: (S:) accord. to IAar, it is not used in relation to he-camels; and A'Obeyd says the like: accord. to some, as AZ says, it is allowable to use it in relation to he-camels; (TA;) but it is rarely thus used. (K, TA.) ― -b3- suEifa, (S, K,) like EuniYa, (K,) said of a boy, He became affected with the pustules termed saEofapN [q. v.]. (S, K.) The mixing of musk and the like with aromatic perfumes (K, TA) and sweetscented oils. (TA.) One says, saE~ifo liY duhoniY [Mix thou for me my oil with aromatic perfumes]. (ISh, TA.) , (K, TA,) inf. n. musaAEafapN, (S, TA,) He aided, assisted, or helped, him; [like A^asoEafahu;] or [so accord. to the K, but accord. to the S “ and, ”] agreed, or complied, with him, (S, * K, TA,) to perform an affair, (TA,) acting towards him with reciprocal purity, or sincerity, of love, or affection, and aiding, assisting, or helping, with him, (K, TA,) well. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] sAEfhu jad~uhu (tropical:) His fortune aided him: and in like manner, sAEfthu Ald~unoyaA (tropical:) [Worldly prosperity aided him]. (A, TA.) , (K,) inf. n. A_isoEaAfN, (TA,) It (a thing, TA) drew near, or approached: (K, TA:) and AsEf bihi it drew near, or approached, to him, or it. (TA.) ― -b2- AsEf lahu It (an object of the chase) became within his power, or reach. (K.) ― -b3- AsEf A_ilayohi He tended, repaired, or betook himself, to, or towards, him, or it. (TA.) ― -b4- AsEf biA^aholihi He came to his family; syn. A^alam~a. (K.) [And in a similar sense the verb is trans. without a particle, as will be shown by the last sentence of this paragraph.] -A2- A^asoEafotuhu I aided, assisted, or helped, him to perform his affair. (Msb. [See also 3.]) ― -b2- And AsEfhu biHaAjatihi, (S, Msb, K, *) inf. n. A_isoEaAfN, (Msb,) He performed, or accomplished, for him the object of his want; (S, Msb, K;) as also bihaA ↓ saEafahu, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, * TA,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. saEofN. (TA.) ― -b3- It is said in a trad., thus related, faATimapu baDoEapN min~iY yusoEifuniY maA yusoEifuhaA, meaning [Fátimeh is a part of me:] that betides, or happens to, [or affects,] me which betides, or happens to, [or affects,] her. (TA. [See another reading in art. bDE.]) A commodity; an article of merchandise. (O, K, TA.) One says, A_in~ahu saEofu sawo'K Verily it is a bad commodity. (O, TA.) ― -b2- And A man vile, or mean, and despised in all his circumstances. (AHeyth, O, K.) Palm-branches, (Az, * S, Msb, K,) as long as they have the leaves upon them: when these are removed from them, called jariydN: (Msb:) or the part [or parts] of palm-branches upon which leaves have grown: (S voce EasiybN:) or the leaves of palm-branches, (Mgh, K, TA,) of which are woven [baskets of the kind called] zubul (Mgh) or zubolaAn (TA) [pls. of zabiylN], and [the similar receptacles called] jilaAl [pl. of jul~apN], (TA,) and fans [which are made in the form of small flags], (Mgh, TA,) and the like: (TA:) and sometimes palm-branches themselves are thus called: (Mgh:) accord. to Lth, (Mgh, TA,) such as have become dry [of palm-branches] are mostly thus called; the fresh [palm-branch] being called $aTobapN: (Mgh, K, TA:) sing., (S,) or [rather] n. un., (Mgh, Msb,) with p: (S, Mgh, Msb:) which also signifies a palm-tree itself; and its pl. is saEafaAtN. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, as being likened to palm-leaves,] The forelock of a horse: so in the saying of Imrael-Keys, waA^arokabu fiY Alr~awoEi xayofaAnapF kasaA wajohahaA saEafN munota$iro [And I ride, in war, or battle, a brisk, or an agile, leaving mare, whose face a spreading forelock has clad]: which shows that saEafN [properly] signifies the leaves [of a palm-branch]. (Az, TA.) [Jac. Schultens, as mentioned by Freytag, explains it as meaning A whiteness upon the forehead of a horse: but this explanation is perhaps conjectural, from the verse cited above.] -A2- The paraphernalia (jahaAz) of a bride: pl. suEuwfN. (IAar, K.) ― -b2- Anything good, goodly, or excel-lent, and consummate, such as a slave, or any precious thing, or a house that one possesses. (IAar, K.) -A3- A species of fly: mentioned by a poet as smiting a lion. (IB, TA.) -A4- See also 1. A certain disease, (Kr, TA,) or pustules, (S, K, TA,) coming forth upon the head (Kr, S, K, TA) of a child, (S, K, TA,) and upon his face: (K, TA:) said by AHát to be daA='u Alv~aEolabi [i. e. alopecia], which occasions baldness; and ↓ saEafapN is a dial. var. thereof in this last sense. (TA.) n. un. of saEafN [q. v.]. (S, * Mgh, Msb.) -A2- See also the next preceding paragraph. A cracking, and scaling off, around the nail: (TA:) or a cracking at the root of the nail. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) [See 1.] Large [drinking-cups or bowls such as are called] A^aqodaAH. (IAar, K.) ― -b2- And The goods, or furniture and utensils, of a tent or house, (S, TA,) and its carpets or the like: or, as some say, particularly such as are held in little estimation, as the [drinking-vessel called] tawor, and the bucket, and the rope, and the like. (TA.) ― -b3- [See also saEafN, of which it is pl.] -A2- Also The natural dispositions, (AA, IAar, K, TA,) generous and other, of men: (IAar, K, TA:) AA says, I have not heard any sing. thereof. (TA.) A camel having the disease termed saEafN (see 1): fem. saEofaA='u, applied to a she-camel: (ISk, S, K:) A'Obeyd mentions only the fem. epithet. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A horse white, (S, * K,) or hoary, (S,) in the forelock, (S, K,) when there is some other colour in it, different from the white: (TA:) when the whole of it is white, he is termed A^aSobagu: (S, TA:) so in the “ Book of Horses ” by AO. (TA.) A boy affected with the pustules termed saEofapN [q. v.]. (S, K.) A place, (K,) and a place of alighting, (TA,) near. (K, TA.) sEl , aor. , (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. suEaAlN (S, O, K) and suEolapN, (K,) or the latter of these is the inf. n., and the former is a simple subst., (Msb,) [He coughed:] suEolapN signifies [the having] a motion whereby nature expels somewhat hurtful from the lungs and the organs connected therewith: (Ibn-Seenà, K, TA:) wherefore the ducts of the lungs are called qaSabu Als~uEaAli [the tubes of coughing, meaning the bronchial tubes,] because it [i. e. what is hurtful in the lungs] has its exit by them. (TA.) One says, A_in~ahu yasoEulu suEolapF munokarapF [Verily he coughs with an abominable coughing]. (TA.) And bihi suEolapN [In him is a coughing; i. e. he has a coughing, or cough]. (TA.) And A^agoS~aka Als~uw^aAlu faA^axa*aka Als~uEaAlu [The question, or petition, has choked thee, and consequently coughing has seized thee]. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence the saying, ramaAhu fasaEala Ald~ama [He shot him, and he consequently coughed up blood]; i. e., he threw [up] blood from his chest. (TA.) -A2- saEila, aor. , inf. n. saEalN; accord. to the K, app., saEala, aor. , inf. n. saEolN; [and thus the pret. and inf. n. are written in the copies of the K;] but the former is the right; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, brisk, lively, or sprightly; (K, TA;) like zaEila, inf. n. zaEalN. (TA. [See the part. n., saEilN, below.]) It [made him to cough, or] occasioned him a coughing. (TA.) -A2- And (assumed tropical:) He, or it, made him, or pronounced him, to be like the siEolaAp [q. v.]. (O, TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) He. (a man, K, TA,) and it, (pasture, or herbage, O, TA,) rendered him (a horse, TA) brisk, lively, or sprightly; (O, K, TA;) as also A^azoEalahu. (O, TA.) (tropical:) She (a woman) became a siEolaAp, i. e., very clamorous, and foul-tongued; (S, O;) or like a siEolaAp, (K, TA,) in badness, wickedness, or guile, and clamorousness, and foulness of tongue: (TA:) similar to Astklbt, and to AstA^sd said of a man, &c. (AZ, TA.) Dry [dates of the bad sort termed] $iyS. (IAar, O, K.) , applied to a horse, (assumed tropical:) Brisk, lively, or sprightly; like zaEilN. (AO, O, TA.) : see the next paragraph. and ↓ siEolaA='u (S, O, K [app. thus, without tenween, as a fem. noun, though fiEolaA' without tenween is unusual,]) and ↓ siEolaY (S, O, TA) The [kind of goblin, demon, devil, or jinnee, called] guwl: (K:) or the female of the guwl: (Abu-l-Wefee El-Aarábee, TA in art. gwl; and Har p. 76:) or the worst, most wicked, or most guileful, of the giylaAn [pl. of guwl]: (S, O:) or an enchantress of the jinn, or genii: (K:) pl. [of the first] saEaAlK [written with the article Als~aEaAliY] (S, O, K) [and of the second saEaAliY~u] and of the third siEolayaAtN, which is said to signify the females of the giylaAn. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] siEolaApN signifies (tropical:) A very clamorous, foul-tongued, woman: (S, O, TA:) accord. to Aboo-'Adnán, a woman foul in face, evil in disposition, is likened to the siEolaAp: but some of the Arabs say that the Arabs do not apply the epithet siEolaApN to any but an old woman. (TA.) ― -b3- And [the pl.] Als~aEaAliY signifies (tropical:) Horses; as being likened to what are [properly] so termed. (TA.) ― -b4- And [the same pl.] Als~aEaAliY, (K, TA,) with kesr to the l, (TA,) [in the TK Als~aEaAliY~u, and in the CK ↓ Als~uEAl`Y,] signifies (assumed tropical:) A certain plant, the leaves of which make [the ulcers termed] dubayolaAt to discharge their contents, and dissolves them; and the fresh thereof remove the mange, or scab: it is a most excellent remedy for the cough; [wherefore it is also called Ha$iy$apu Als~uEaAli; (TK;)] and causes the erection of the *akar to subside (wayafu$~u AlAinotiSaAba, K, TA, for which we find in some copies of the K wanafosi AlAinotiSaAbi); even the fumigating of oneself therewith. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. an inf. n. of saEala [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or a simple subst. [meaning A cough]. (Msb.) : see siEolaApN. [Coughing]. You say naAqapN saAEilN, (O, K,) without p, (O,) meaning A she-camel having a cough. (O, K.) ― -b2- And A_in~ahu la*uw suEaAlK saAEilK [Verily he has a violent cough]: (O, K: *) a phrase having an intensive meaning: (K:) by rule one should say suEaAl musoEil; but thus the Arabs said, like as they said $ugolN $aAgilN and $iEorN $aAEirN: and [in like manner] a poet cited by Lth says *uw saAEilK. (O.) ― -b3- See also what follows. The part of the fauces, or throat, which is the place of coughing: (S, Msb:) or [simply] the fauces, or throat; as also ↓ saAEilN; (K) which latter is expl. by Az as meaning The mouth; because with it one coughs. (TA.) sEw and sEY , aor. yasoEaY, inf. n. saEoYN (S, Msb, K, &c.) [and masoEFY, agreeably with general analogy], He walked, went, or went along, (Er-Rághib, Msb, K, TA,) quickly: (Er-Rághib, Mgh, TA:) this, accord. to Er-Rághib, is the primary signification: and hence, Als~aEoYu bayona AlS~afaA waAlmarowapi [The tripping to and fro between Es-Safà and ElMarweh]: (TA:) and saEaY fiY ma$oyihi [app. meaning He tripped along, or he trudged along, in his walking]: (Msb:) [or] Als~aEoYu signifies the going along with vigorousness, and with lightness, activity, or quickness. (Ham p. 665.) ― -b2- He (a man, S) ran; syn. EadaA; (IAar, S, K, TA;) or jaraY: by the former of which is meant [he went] a pace below what is termed Al$~ad~u and above what is termed Alma$oYu. (IAar, TA.) ― -b3- I. q. qaSada [as meaning He repaired, or betook himself]. (K.) The saying, in the Kur [lxii. 9], faA^osoEawoA A_ilaY *ikori A@oll~`hi is expl. as meaning faAqoSiduwA [Then repair ye to prayer to God]: (TA:) or then go ye (faA^omoDuwA) to prayer [to God]: (Jel:) and Ibn-Mes'ood read faA^omoDuwA. (TA.) Or saEaY A_ilaY AlS~alaApi means He went to prayer, in any manner [i. e. whether quickly or not]. (Msb.) ― -b4- He was active, or busy and bustling, in procuring the means of subsistence: (TA:) he strove, laboured, or exerted himself; employed himself vigorously, strenuously, or with energy; in any affair, whether good or evil; but mostly used in relation to what is praiseworthy, or praised: (Er-Rághib, TA:) he occupied himself according to his own judgment or discretion or free will, in any work, or deed: (Msb:) he worked, or wrought, or did, (S, Msb, K, TA,) any work, or deed, good or evil: (TA:) he earned, or gained. (S, K, TA.) One says, huwa yasoEaY EalaY qawomihi He manages, conducts, orders, regulates, or superintends, the affairs of his people, or party. (Ham p. 771, Msb. *) And saEaY lahumo and Ealayohimo He worked, or wrought, and earned, or gained, for them. (TA.) And Almaro'u yasoEaY ligaArayohi, a prove., meaning The man earns for his belly and his pudendum. (TA.) And saEaY AlmukaAtibu fiY Eitoqi raqabatihi, (S,) or fiY faki raqabatihi, i. e. [The slave who had made a contract with his master to pay him a certain sum for his emancipation] laboured to earn the means of releasing himself: (Msb:) the inf. n. of the verb thus used is sEaAyapN: (S, Msb:) and this term is employed when a slave emancipated in part, and in part retained in slavery, labours and earns for the completion of his release. (IAth, TA.) The saying, in the Kur [liii. 40], layosa liloA_inosaAni A_il~aA maA saEaY means [There is nothing imputable to the man] but what he hath wrought, or done. (Msb.) And falam~aA balaga maEahu A^ols~aEoYa, in the same [xxxvii. 100], means And when he attained to working with him: or and when he was able to assist him in his working. (TA.) ― -b5- Also He superintended, managed, or conducted, in his own person, the collection of the poor-rates; (K, TA;) he went to exact them, and received them; (TA;) and the inf. n. in this case also is siEaAyapN: (K, TA:) or saEaY EalaY AlS~adaqapi, (S, Msb,) aor. yasoEaY, inf. n. saEoYN, (Msb,) he officiated in the exacting, or receiving, or collecting, of the poor-rate. (S, * Msb.) [And saEaY is trans. without a prep. as meaning He exacted the poor-rate:] a poet says, (namely, 'Amr Ibn-'Addà, TA,) saEaY EiqaAlFA falamo yatoruko lanaA sabadFA fakayofa lawo qado saEaY EamorNw EiqaAlayoni [He exacted the poor-rate of a year, and left not to us camels' fur, or goats' hair: then how would be the case if 'Amr had exacted the poor-rate of two years?]. (S.) ― -b6- saEayotu fiY A^amori fulaAnK is said when one rectifies, redresses, or reforms, the affair of such a one, or mars, vitiates, or perverts it, by his saEoY [or striving, or labouring; and may be rendered I strove, or laboured, in respect of the affair of such a one, either to rectify, redress, or reform, it, or to mar, vitiate, or pervert, it]: and waA@l~a*iyna saEawoA fiY A=yaAtinaA, in the Kur xxii. 50 [and xxxiv. 5], means And they who strive, or labour, in respect of our signs, to mar, or vitiate, or pervert, their meaning, by impugning their character; seeing that they called them enchantment, and poetry, and tales, or legends, or fictions: (Ksh in xxii. 50:) or these words of the Kur mean and they who strive, or labour, to falsify, or nullify, our signs; i. e. the Kur-án. (Jel.) ― -b7- saEaY bayonahumo means He created, or excited, disorder, or discord, between them, or among them; made, or did, mischief between them, or among them; as also saA^aA, which is app., in this case, a dial. var. of saEaY. (TA in art. sA^w.) [Hence,] saEaY bayona Aln~aAsi biAln~amaAy^imi [He created, or excited, disorder, &c., among the people by calumnies, or slanders: or it may be well rendered he busied himself among the people with propagating calumnies, or slanders]. (S and O in art. Akl; &c.) ― -b8- And saEaY (tropical:) He calumniated him, or slandered him, (S, Msb, K, * TA,) A_ilaY AlwaAliY [to the ruler, or magistrate]; (S, Msb, K;) inf. n. saEiAyapN. (TA.) ― -b9- saEato, said of a female slave, (K, TA,) aor. tasoEaY, inf. n. saEoYN, (TA,) She committed fornication, or prostituted herself. (K, TA.) [See also 3.] -A2- saAEaAniY fulaAnN fasaEayotuhu: see 3. ↓ saAEaAniY fulaAnN fasaEayotuhu, aor. of the latter A^asoEiyhi, means [Such a one strove with me in walking, or going along, quickly, &c.,] and I overcame him [therein]. (S, TA.) The inf. n. musaAEaApN signifies The walking, or going, quickly [&c., or rather the striving, or contending, in doing so,] with any one. (KL.) Hence the trad. of 'Alee, in discommendation of worldly enjoyments, mano saAEaAhaA faAtatohu, meaning mano saAbaqahaA [i. e. He who runs a race with them, they evade him, or escape his pursuit]. (TA.) ― -b2- musaAEaApN also signifies One's committing fornication with a female slave: and a female slave's committing fornication with any one: (KL:) you say, of a man, zanaY and Eahara, and this is with a free woman and with a female slave; but one says in the case of a female slave, peculiarly, qado saAEaAhaA [He has committed fornication with her]; musaAEaApN not being with any but with female slaves: thus in a trad., A_imaA='N saAEayona fiY AljaAhiliy~api [Female slaves that committed fornication in the Time of Ignorance]: and A^utiYa Eumara birajulK saAEaY A^amapF [There was brought to 'Omar a man who committed fornication with a female slave]: (S, TA: *) [and hence, waladu AlmusaAEaApi (occurring in the L, in art. bhv, as mentioned by IAar on the authority of Abu-l-Mekárim), meaning The offspring of fornication, begotten on a slave:] or sAEAhA, (K, TA,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) signifies [or rather signifies also] He sought her for the purpose of fornication: (K, [in which the context seems to indicate that it relates to a female slave,] and TA:) accord. to Th, relating to the free woman and the female slave: it is also said that musaAEaApu AlmaroA^api signifies The imposing upon the woman, by her owner, an impost which she is to pay by means of [the gain of] prostitution: and it is said in a trad. that there shall be no musaAEaAp in El-Islám. (TA.) -A2- [It is said in the TA in art. rbE, that musaAEaApN from Als~aAEapu is like mua$aAharapN from Al$~ahoru and muraAbaEapN from Alr~abiyEu &c.; but I think that msAEAp in this instance is a mistranscription for musaAwaEapN: see art. swE.] signifies jaEalahu yasoEaY, (K, TA,) i. e. He made him to earn, or gain. (TA.) ― -b2- And AsEY EalaY SadaqaAtihimo He employed a collector of their poor-rates. (TA.) [See also 10.] ― -b3- And A^asoEawoA bihi They gave him, or performed or accomplished for him, what he desired, or sought, or needed. (Sgh, K, TA.) (S, Msb, K) fiY qiymatihi (S, Msb) He required of the slave that he should labour to earn the means of releasing himself: (Msb:) or he imposed upon the slave work by means of which he should pay for himself, when he had been emancipated in part, in order to his completing his emancipation: and ↓ siEaAyapN signifies the work so imposed. (K.) ― -b2- And AstsEAhu He employed him as collector of the poor-rate. (JM; and the like is said in the TA, from a trad.) [See also 4.] : see the next paragraph, in two places: -A2- and see also saEowapN. , with kesr, (T, S, TA,) [and ↓ saEowN, with fet-h, as shown by what follows,] or ↓ siEowapN, with kesr, (K,) or ↓ saEowapN, thus written in the M, with fet-h, (TA,) and ↓ siEowaA='N, (T, S, ISd, K, [Freytag found this last written in a copy of the S saEowaA', and in one of my copies of the S it is written siEaAwaY,]) which is said to be masc., (TA,) [and therefore with tenween, accord. to a general rule applying to ns. of the measure fiEolaA=',] and ↓ suEowaA='N, (IAar, Sgh, K,) A [portion, or short portion, such as is termed] saAEap, (S, M, K, &c.,) of the night: (S, M, TA:) [like sihowaA='N, q. v.:] one says, maDaY mina All~ayoli siEowN, (S, TA,) and ↓ saEowN, with fet-h as well as with kesr, (TA, and thus in the Ham p. 708,) and ↓ saEowapN, with fet-h, (TA,) [or ↓ siEowapN,] and ↓ siEowaA='N, (S,) [and ↓ suEowaA='N,] A portion (qiToEapN) of the night passed; (TA;) [or a short portion:] and sihowN mina All~ayoli signifies the same: (Ham p. 708:) or, as some say, ↓ sEwA=' signifies more than a sAEp, of the night, and likewise of the day; and one says, kun~aA Einodahu fiY siEowaAwaAtK mina All~ayoli and Aln~ahaAri [app. meaning We were with him, or at his abode, during some considerable portions of the night and of the day]: so in the T. (TA.) inf. n. of 1 [in most of its senses]. (S, Msb, K, &c.) -A2- See also saEoyapu. The occupation of oneself according to his own judgment or discretion or free will (K, TA) in procuring the means of subsistence, and in earning, or gain. (TA.) Hence the prov., $agalato saEaAtiY jadowaAYa [My occupation of myself in procuring the means of subsistence has diverted me from giving]: El-Mundhiree says that $iEaAbiY, with $, is a mistranscription: it is applied to him whose disposition is generous but who is in want. (TA. [See also art. $Eb.]) : see siEowN, in two places. -A2- Also i. q. $amoEapN or $amaEapN [i. e. A piece of wax, or a candle]: (IAar, TA:) in the K, AlsmEp is erroneously put for Al$mEp: [so in the TA; but it is omitted in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K:] pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ saEowN. (TA.) : see siEowN, in two places. -A2- Also, [accord. to the K, siEowapN, for it is there written with the article Al, but] accord. to IAar without the article Al, [app. siEowapu, as a proper name,] (TA,) A woman foul, unseemly, or obscene, in tongue; having little, or no, shame or modesty: (IAar, K, * TA:) AlxaAliEapu in the K is a mistranscription for AljaAliEapu, with jiym. (TA.) a proper name for The she-goat. (K.) And she is called to be milked by the cry ↓ saEoY saEoyah. (TA.) and suEowaA='N: see siEowN, in five places. an inf. n. of saEaY, in three of its senses. ― -b2- See also 10. One who patiently endures sleeplessness and travel: (K:) very laborious, active, and bustling. (TA.) act. part. n. of 1. (Msb.) A messenger; a courier, or messenger that journeys with haste; or a messenger on a beast of the post; syn. bariydN. (TA.) [See an ex. at the end of the first paragraph of art. rym.] ― -b2- Any manager, conductor, orderer, regulator, or superintendent, (S, K,) of a thing, over a people, or party, (S,) or of an affair, and of a people, or party, whatever it be: (K:) pl. suEaApN. (S, * TA.) Mostly, (S, TA,) or when used without restriction, (Msb,) applied to The intendant, or collector, of the poor-rate: pl. as above. (S, Msb, TA. [See rakiybN.]) And particularly The headman of the Jews and Christians, (K, TA,) from whose opinion, or judgment, they do not deviate, and without whom they do not decide an affair. (TA.) And [the pl.] suEaApN signifies Persons who take upon themselves responsibility for the prevention of the shedding of blood, and for the stilling of sedition, or discord, or the like; because they labour in the reforming, or amending, of the circumstances subsisting between parties. (TA.) ― -b3- Also A calumniator, or slanderer; [and especially] to the ruler, or magistrate: whence the saying, in a trad., Als~aAEiY ligayori ri$odapK The calumniator is not trueborn: and in another trad., Als~aAEiY muvalitN [The calumniator of another to the ruler is a trebler of evil]; meaning that he destroys, by his calumny, himself, and the calumniated, and the ruler. (TA.) , syn. with saEoYN, [an inf. n. of saEaY,] signifying The act of running, and working, and earning or gaining, [&c., when used as a simple subst.,] has for its pl. masaAEK. (Har p. 384.) A means of attaining honour and eminence or elevation, in the various kinds of glory; (K;) a good, or laudable, act or endeavour; generosity: pl. masaAEK. (MA.) [See an ex. voce madoEaApN, and another voce A^aqoEada.] J says, [in the S,] AlmasoEaApu waAHidapu AlmasaAEiY fiY AlkalaAmi waAljuwdi: and the author of the K, following Sgh, says that he has committed a mistake in saying fiY AlkalaAmi instead of fiY Alkarami: in some copies of the S is found fiY Alkarami; but this is an emendation: the original reading is fiY AlkalaAmi: which, however, should be termed a slip of the pen [rather than a mistake, for it cannot be that J was ignorant of the meaning of so common a word as masoEaApN]. (TA.) Calumniated, or slandered, [and especially] to a ruler, or magistrate. (TA.) sgb , aor. ; (S A, Msb, K;) and sagaba, aor. ; (A, K;) inf. n. sagabN, (S, A, * Msb, K,) which is of the former, (Sudot;, Msb, TA,) and sagobN, (K,) which is of the latter, (TA,) and suguwbN (K) and sagaAbapN and masogabapN, (A, * K,) the last syn. with majaAEapN; (S, Msb;) He was, or became, hungry: (S, A, Msb, K:) or suffered hunger together with fatigue. (A, Msb, K.) You say, bihi sagabN and masogabapN and sagaAbapN, [using these ns. as simple substs.,] In him is hunger: or hunger together with fatigue. (A.) And yatiymN *uw masogabapK [An orphan] having hunger. (S.) And fiY yawomK *iY masogabapK, in the Kur [xc. 14], means In a day of hunger. (TA.) [See also sagobapN and sagabN below.] He (a man, TA) entered upon a state of hunger. (K.) an inf. n. of sagiba [q. v.]. (S, &c.) ― -b2- It also signifies Thirst: but is unused: (K:) [or] thirst is sometimes thus termed. (Msb.) : see saAgibN. Hunger: or hunger combined with fatigue. (TA.) [See also 1.] ; and its fem., sagobaY: see the next paragraph, in three places. and ↓ sagobaAnu (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ sagibN (K) Hungry: (S, A, Msb, K, TA:) or suffering hunger together with fatigue: (A, Msb, K:) or thirsty: (TA:) fem. [of the second] ↓ sagobaY, (S, K,) pl. sigaAbN. (K.) You say also, huwa saAgibN laAgibN (A, TA) and lagobaAnu ↓ sagobaAnu (TA) [He is hungry and fatigued, or fatigued in the utmost degree]. And it is said in a trad., daxala xayobara wahumo ↓ musogibuwna, expl. as meaning [He entered Kheyber] they being hungry. (TA.) : see its pl. in what next precedes. and masaE~abN [the latter written in the CK musogabN] To him is allowed, or permitted, such a thing. (K, TA.) sf , (A'Obeyd, Az, S, M, K,) aor. , inf. n. saf~u; (S, TA;) and ↓ Asf~, (A'Obeyd, S, M, K,) inf. n. A_isofaAfN; (TA;) He wove (A'Obeyd, Az, S, M, Z, K) with his fingers (Z, TA) [or plaited] a mat, (A'Obeyd, TA,) or palm-leaves, (Az, S, M, K,) and any other thing that may be woven with the fingers; (TA;) like ramala and A^aromala. (A'Obeyd, TA.) -A2- saf~a (Lth, O, K) EalaY wajohi AlA^roDi, (Lth, O,) [aor. accord. to the TK, but more probably , agreeably with a general rule relating to intrans. verbs of this class,] inf. n. safiyfN, He (a bird) went along upon the surface of the earth. (Lth, O, K.) [See also 4.] -A3- safifotu, (S, M, Mgh, * Msb, K,) third pers. saf~a, (Mgh,) aor. A^asaf~u, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. saf~N; (M, Msb, K;) and ↓ Aisotafafotu; (S, M, Msb, K; [in one of my copies of the S, erroneously, A^asofafotu;]) I took [into my mouth], (S, K,) or ate, (Mgh, Msb,) medicine, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and meal of parched barley or wheat, (S, M, Mgh,) and the like of either of these, (M,) or anything dry, (Mgh, Msb,) not moistened, (S, Msb, K,) and not kneaded [with water &c.]; (S;) or i. q. qamiHotu, (M, K, TA,) which signifies as above, (TA,) or I took it in the palm of my hand, (A and L in art. qmH,) and conveyed it to my mouth, (A in that art.,) or licked it up: (L in that art.:) and ↓ saf~apN signifies the doing thus once. (TA.) And [hence,] saf~N signifies also Camels' eating dry herbage. (K.) Hence the saying of 'Amr Ibn-Kulthoom, tasaf~u Aljil~apu Alxuwru Ald~ariynaA The she-camels advanced in age, abounding with milk, eating the [dry and] old and wasted herbage. (Mgh. [See EM p. 208: and the same, p. 224.]) Hence also the phrase, laA^ano A^asaf~a Alt~uraAba Assuredly that I should eat the dust. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And safifotu AlmaA='a, (M, K,) aor. A^asaf~u, inf. n. saf~N, (TA,) I drank much of the water without satisfying my thirst: (M, K:) and so safit~uhu, aor. A^asofatuhu, inf. n. safotN. (TA.) ― -b3- suf~a Alr~amaAdu fiY wajohihi: see 4. : see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- [Hence,] A^asofafotu Al$~aYo'a, inf. n. A_isofaAfN, I stuck one part of the thing to another. (Yz, TA.) ― -b3- [And from the same signification, as is indicated in the O and TA,] As~f Aln~aZara (tropical:) He looked sharply, (S, M, A, O, K,) and hardly, (S, O,) and minutely, (A,) towards, or at, (A_ilaY,) a person, (S, A, O,) and an affair, (A,) and AAF adds, and inclined towards the ground. (M.) -A2- Also He fed a camel with dry herbage. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Asf~ Alfarasa AllijaAma (assumed tropical:) He put the bit into the mouth of the horse. (Moheet, L, K.) ― -b3- And Asf~ Ald~awaA='a (assumed tropical:) He stuffed the wound with the medicament: (M:) or Asf~ AljuroHa dawaA='F (tropical:) he put a medicament into the wound; (K, TA;) as though he put safuwf to it. (TA.) ― -b4- And Asf~ Alwa$oma naw^uwrFA (assumed tropical:) He filled in the tattoo with nw^wr [i. e. smoke-black of fat]. (M.) ― -b5- And A^usif~a wajohuhu Aln~aw^uwra (assumed tropical:) His face was sprinkled with nw^wr. (S.) It is said in a trad., fakaA^an~amaA A^usif~a wajohuhu, meaning (assumed tropical:) His face was altered, (S, K, *) as though something that altered it had been sprinkled upon it. (S.) You say also, kaA^an~a wajohahu A^usif~a ramaAdFA, meaning (assumed tropical:) His face became of a blackish, or an ashy, hue, altered, as though ashes had been sprinkled upon it: and ↓ suf~a Alr~amaAdu fiY wajohihi (assumed tropical:) [Ashes were sprinkled upon his face], meaning his face became altered. (Har p. 626.) -A3- Also It approached the earth, or ground; (S, M, K;) said of a bird in its flight; (S, K;) or of a bird &c.: (M:) or it (a bird) flew over the ground so near that its feet almost reached it. (A.) And Asf~t Als~aHaAbapu The cloud approached the earth. (S, K.) ― -b2- Said of a stallion, He stooped his head to bite. (M, K.) And one says of man, Asf~ mina AlA^aroDi [and A_ilaY AlArD He stooped towards the ground]. (O in art. $b.) ― -b3- And, said of a man, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He pursued small, or little, things: (S, K:) and (assumed tropical:) he followed after low, or mean, things: (K:) [(assumed tropical:) he stooped to such things:] or Asf~ A_ilaY madaAqi AlA^umuwri wa A^alaAy^imihaA (assumed tropical:) He approached [or pursued] small, or little, things, and the meanest, or most ignoble, thereof; or became mean, or ignoble: (M, * TA:) and Asf~ liloA^amori Ald~aniY~, [or correctly Ald~aniYo'i,] and A_ilayohi, (assumed tropical:) He approached [the thing that was near, or that was low, or mean]; from Asf~ said of a bird in its flight, meaning It approached the ground so that its feet almost touched it. (Har p. 206.) [Hence the saying,] taHaf~aZo mino Algamali Als~afosaAfi walaAtusif~a lahu baEoDa lA_isofaAfi (tropical:) [Guard thyself from the bad action, and approach it not with any degree of approaching]. (TA.) ― -b4- You say also, maAA^asaf~a minohu bitaAfihK He obtained not [from him, or of it, a paltry acquisition], (K, TA,) [or] anything. (TA.) ― -b5- And Asf~ He fled from his companion, (K, TA,) running most vehemently. (TA.) see 1. , (K,) inf. n. safosafapN, (S, M,) He cleared, or sifted, (Ainotaxala,) flour, (S, M, K,) and the like, (S, K,) with the munoxul [or sieve], and the like. (L, TA.) One says, samiEotu safosafapa Almunoxuli [I heard the sifting of the sieve]. (TA.) ― -b2- And safosafa Eamalahu (tropical:) He did his deed imperfectly, or not soundly. (IDrd, M, K, TA.) ― -b3- And safosafati AlriyHu The wind raised the fine dust, blowing a little above the surface of the earth. (TA.) a phrase mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád as meaning Thou wilt not cease to destroy, or bring to nought, this thing, or affair. (O, TA.) , with the f quiescent, i. q. sawofa; as in the phrase safo tafoEalu [Thou wilt do such a thing]: mentioned by Th. (M. [See art. swf; and see also the letter s.]) , accord. to the K, or ↓ sif~N, with kesr, accord. to Sgh, [in the O,] (TA,) A spadix, or a spathe, (TaloEap) of a male palm-tree. (AA, O, K) ― -b2- See also sif~u. : see what next follows. and ↓ suf~N, (O, K,) or the former and ↓ saf~N, (so in a copy of the M,) The serpent called A^aroqam: (AA, O, K:) or the serpent that flies (M, O, K) in the air: (M, O:) and sometimes peculiarly applied to the A^aroqam: (M:) or the male serpent. (O.) And the Hudhalee poet EdDákhil Ibn-Harám uses the first of these words as meaning (assumed tropical:) A man like a sif~. (M.) ― -b2- See also saf~N. [an inf. n. un.]: see 1. A plait of palm-leaves, (M, K, TA,) i. e. a ↓ safiyfap, (TA,) made according to the measure of the zabiyl or the jul~ap [of which it is to form a part]. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And A thing of the kind termed qaraAmilu [pl. of qiromilN], (K, TA,) [i. e. a plait] of [goat's] hair, or of wool, (TA,) which a woman attaches to her [plaits of] hair: it was not disapproved by Ibráheem En-Nakha'ee; (K, TA;) though he disapproved of other things attached to the hair: IAth explains it as a thing that a woman puts upon her head, and attaches to her hair in order that it may be lengthened [thereby]. (TA.) -A2- A small portion, (Hab~apN,) and (S) a handful, (S, K,) of meal of parched barley or wheat, (S,) or of wheat, and the like. (K.) ― -b2- See also what next follows. Medicine, (S, M, Msb, K,) and meal of parched barley or wheat, (S, M,) and the like of either of these, (M,) or anything dry, (Msb,) taken [into the mouth], (S, M, * K,) or eaten, (Msb,) not moistened, (S, M, * Msb, K,) or not kneaded [with water &c.]; (S;) and ↓ suf~apN signifies the same; (M, K;) each a subst. from safifotu Als~awiyqa and Ald~awaA='a &c. (M.) -A2- Also Blackness of the gum. (M, TA.) Woven [with the fingers, or plaited,] of palm-leaves. (KL.) ― -b2- [And hence,] The girth of the raHol [or camel's saddle], (S, M, K,) and of the [women's vehicle called] hawodaj: (M:) the fore-girth of the raHol; because made broad, like the safiyf of palm-leaves. (T, TA.) [See also the next paragraph.] -A2- A certain plant. (IDrd, K.) -A3- The sharpness of the ears of the wolf. (M, TA.) -A4- And Als~afiyfu is A name of Iblees: (O, K:) so says AA: (O:) in one or more of the copies of the “ Nawádir, ” ↓ Als~afosafu. (TA.) A thing woven [with the fingers, or plaited,] of palm-leaves: (S, O:) a piece of woven [or plaited] work of palm-leaves (K voce EaraqN) &c.: (TA ibid.:) pl. safaAy^ifu. (TA.) See suf~apN, first sentence. ― -b2- A wide belly-girth with which a raHol [or camel's saddle] is bound, or fastened. (M.) [See also safiyfN.] ― -b3- The appertenance [or suspensory] of a water-skin (qirobap), which the carrier of the qrbp puts over his chest [when carrying the qrbp on his back]. (K voce EaraqN.) ― -b4- See also jumaAnN. ― -b5- A [receptacle for dates, such as is called] dawoxal~ap, [made of palmleaves,] before it is woven. (M, TA.) ― -b6- And [the pl.] safaAy^ifu signifies Wide ribs: or, as some say, all the ribs. (M.) A certain plant; (M, TA;) said by IDrd to be of the dial. of El-Yemen; that which the people of Nejd call the Eanoqaz, which is the marozanojuw$ [or marjoram]. (TA.) -A2- See also safiyfN. The dust of flour, that rises, (K,) or flies and rises, (TA,) at the sifting. (K, TA.) ― -b2- The fine particles or dust: (S, Mgh, K:) or such as rises, or spreads, of dust. (M.) ― -b3- Hence, (Mgh,) safosaAfu Al$iEori (Mgh, K) (assumed tropical:) What is bad of poetry, (K, TA,) imperfectly, or unsoundly, done. (TA. [In the CK, Al$~aEari is erroneously put for Al$iEori; and Freytag appears to have read Al$~aEiyri.]) safosaAfN signifies (assumed tropical:) Bad poetry: and (assumed tropical:) anything imperfectly, or unsoundly, done. (M.) Anything bad. (S, K. [Compare the Hebr. אֲסַפְסֻף occurring with the article, and with the quiescent, in Numbers xi. 4.]) (assumed tropical:) Such as is bad of natural dispositions. (M.) And (assumed tropical:) A contemptible, or despicable, thing or affair. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., A_in~a A@ll~`ha yuHib~u maEaAliYa AlA^amuwri wa yubogiDu safosaAfahaA, (S, M, Mgh, TA,) or yakorahu safosaAfahaA, (S, TA,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Verily God loves lofty things, or things whereby one acquires eminence or nobility, and] hates paltry, and mean, things. (Mgh, Sgh, TA.) signifies [also] (assumed tropical:) An action, and a saying, in which is no good. (Ham p. 232; where the foregoing trad. is cited as an ex.) And (assumed tropical:) Any bad wind: (TA:) [or] safosaAfapN signifies a wind running a little above the ground; and so ↓ musafosifapN: (M:) or the latter, a wind that raises the fine dust, and runs a little above the ground. (S, K.) ― -b2- HalifN safosaAfN (tropical:) A false, or lying, swearing, in which is no ratification. (TA.) Vehement hunger. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.]. ― -b2- Anything cleaving, or sticking, to another thing. (A'Obeyd, TA.) ― -b3- mar~a musif~FA He passed by fleeing from his companion, running most vehemently. (Ibn- 'Abbád, TA.) : see safosaAfN, last sentence but one. -A2- Also, without the p, (tropical:) Ungenerous, or mean, in giving. (S, M.) sfH , (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. safoHN, (Msb,) [and app. sufuwHN also, mentioned in what follows,] He poured out, or forth, water: (S, A:) and he shed blood, (S, A, Msb, K,) the blood of another; (S, A;) and tears; (Msb, K;) inf. n. as above, and sufuwHN: (K:) or safaHati AlEayonu damoEahaA [the eye shed its tears]. (A.) The saying, in a trad., faqatala EalaYraA^osi AlmaA='i Hat~aY safaHa Ald~amu AlmaA='a has been explained as meaning [And he slew at the head of the water so that] the blood covered the water: but IAth says that this is not consistent with the language; for safoHN signifies the act of “ pouring out, or forth; ” and that the meaning may therefore be, that the blood made the water to pour forth; like as when, into a full vessel, something heavier than what is in it is poured; for in this case there comes forth from it as much as has been poured into it. (TA.) ― -b2- sufiHa fiY AlA^arDi (assumed tropical:) [He was stretched, or extended, upon the ground], said of a camel. (K.) -A2- The verb is also used intransitively; you say, safaHa AlmaA='u, (Msb,) and Ald~amoEu, inf. n. sufuwHN and safaHaAnN (O, K) and safoHN, (K,) The water, (Msb,) and the tears, (O, K,) poured out, or forth. (O, Msb, K.) , inf. n. tasofiyHN, (assumed tropical:) He did a deed that profited him not; (K;) likened to the arrow called Als~afiH. (TA.) [sAfHhu, inf. n. sifaAHN, and perhaps musaAfaHapN also, He contended with him in the shedding of blood.] You say, bayonahumo sifaAHN Between them is a shedding of blood. (TA.) ― -b2- And [hence,] bayonahumaA sifaAHN (tropical:) Between them two is a contending in fight: or, in hocking [of camels] (muEaAqarap). (A, TA.) ― -b3- And sifaAHN and musaAfaHapN also signify (tropical:) The committing fornication with another; (S, A, Msb, K;) liA^an~a AlmaA='a yuSab~u DaAy^iEFA; (Msb;) as also ↓ tasaAfuHN [which is said of more than one pair]. (K.) You say, saAfaHahaA (tropical:) He committed fornication with her. (A, Msb.) And saAfaHatopu (tropical:) She committed fornication with him: (L:) or she abode with him in the practice of fornication. (TA.) [In all the copies of the S that I have been able to consult, three in number, I find saAfaHahu.] And fiY AlnikaAHi gunoyapN Eani AlsifaAHi (tropical:) [In marriage is that which renders one in no need of fornication]. (A, Msb.) In the Time of Ignorance, when a man demanded a woman in marriage, he said, AinokiHiyniY; and when he desired fornication, he said, saAfiHiyniY. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) They made [horses] to run without a wager. (K.) [App., like 2, from Als~afiyHu, the arrow thus called.] [ tsf~Haccord. to Freytag, signifies It was, or became, poured out, or forth: but he names no authority for this.] [They mutually shed blood; lit., bloods]. (A.) ― -b2- See also 3. The base, foot, bottom, or lowest or lower part, (A^aSol, K, or A^asofal, S, A, K,) of a mountain, (S, A, K,) which is the part whereinto is poured (yusofaHu) the water [from the parts above]; i. e. the part where the side thereof rests upon the ground: (S: [as also SafoHN:]) or the [part called] EaroD thereof, [see this word,] that rests its side upon the ground: or the HaDiyD [app. as meaning the low ground at, or by, the base, or foot,] thereof: (K:) or the spreading part thereof: (A: [there said to be in this sense tropical; but why, I see not:]) or the face thereof: (Msb:) or the lowest, or lower, part thereof, where it is rugged: (Ham p. 80:) pl. sufuwHN. (K.) ― -b2- [The pl.] sufuwHN also signifies Rocks that are soft, or smooth, (K, TA,) and slippery. (TA.) : see saAfiHN. You say jafonN safuwHN [An eyelid shedding copious tears]. (A.) A sack; syn. juwaAliqN: (K:) safiyHaAni signifies a pair of sacks which are placed (S, L) upon a camel, (L,) like the xuroj. (S, L.) ― -b2- And A thick, or coarse, [garment of the kind called] kisaA='. (O, K.) ― -b3- Als~afiyHu [incorrectly written by Freytag safiyHp, as on the authority of the S,] is the name of An arrow used in the game called Almayosir, to which no portion pertains: (S, A, * K:) it is the fourth of the arrows to which the term gufol is applied, which have no notches, and to which is assigned no portion and no fine; these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from fear of occasioning suspicion [of foul play]: the first of them is called AlmuSad~aru; the next, AlmuDaE~afu; the next, AlmaniyHu; and the next, Als~afiyHu. (Lh, TA.) ― -b4- See also musaAfiHN. A shedder of much blood. (A.) [Hence,] Als~af~aAHu is the name of A sword of Homeyd Ibn-Bahdal. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) A giver of many gifts; or one who gives much. (K.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) Chaste [or rather fluent or eloquent] in speech; syn. faSiyHN: (K:) or possessing ability for speech. (S.) Pouring out, or forth; (O, L, Msb, K;) applied to water, (A, Msb,) [and blood,] and tears (damoEN): (O, L, K:) [accord. to some, unacquainted with the intrans. verb safaHa, a possessive epithet, i. e.] meaning *uw safoHK: (Ham p. 709:) syn. with ↓ safuwHN, [or rather this is an intensive epithet,] and ↓ masofuwHN also is syn. with safuwHN; (TA;) or [rather] signifies poured out, or forth; (A, * L, Msb;) and is applied to water, (A, Msb,) and tears (damoEN). (L.) (assumed tropical:) Bald in the fore part of the head; (K;) as also A^asoqaHu (TA) [and A^aSoqaHu]. [ A place where water is poured out, or forth; and where blood, and tears, are shed: pl. masaAfiHu.] One says, lilowaAdiY masaAfiHu The valley has places where it pours out, or forth. (A, TA.) (assumed tropical:) One who does a deed that profits him not. (K. [See 2.]) : see saAfiHN. ― -b2- [Hence,] applied to a camel, it means qado sufiHa fiY AlA^aroDi wamud~a (assumed tropical:) [Stretched, or extended, upon the ground; wamud~a being an explicative adjunct]. (K.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Wide. (K.) You say naAqapN masofuwHapu AlA_iboTi (tropical:) A she-camel wide in the arm-pit. (A, K.) And jamalN masofuwHu AlD~uluwEi (tropical:) A camel [wide i. e.] not contracted in the ribs. (A, TA.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) Thick, coarse, or big. (K.) ― -b5- You say also, A_in~ahu lamasofuwHu AlEunuqi, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is long, and thick, coarse, or big, in the neck. (TA.) ― -b6- And AlmasofuwHu is the name of (assumed tropical:) A horse of Sakhr Ibn-'Amr Ibn-El-Hárith. (K.) (assumed tropical:) A fornicator. (TA.) And musaAfiHapN (assumed tropical:) A fornicatress; (TA;) a woman who does not abstain from fornication. (Aboo-Is-hák, TA.) Aibonu musaAfiHapK means (assumed tropical:) A son of a fornicatress; (TA;) and [in like manner] ↓ safiyHN a son who is the offspring of fornication. (Sgh, TA in art. ErD.) sfd , (S,) or safida EalaY AlA^unovaY and [EalayohaA] safada, (K,) or safidahaA (M, Msb) and safadahaA, (M, A,) aor. of the former , (S, M, Msb, K,) and of the latter , (M, K,) inf. n. sifaAdN (S, M, Msb) and safodN, which are of both the verbs; (M;) and ↓ saAfadahaA, inf. n. sifaAdN; (A;) He leaped the female: (S, K:) said of a bird, (A, Msb,) &c.; (Msb;) or of any beast or bird of prey; (As, TA;) or of a quadruped and of a bird; (M, TA;) or of a goat (S, TA) and of a camel (As, S, TA) and of a bull and of a beast of prey and of a bird; (S, TA;) and, in poetry, of a swimmer [app. meaning a fish]: (M, TA:) sometimes, also, it is used to convey an allusion to AljimaAE [relating to human beings]. (A.) (assumed tropical:) The arranging of the flesh- meat upon the saf~uwd, to roast: (K:) Z [app.] makes it tropical, by his derivation of saf~uwdN [q. v.]. (TA.) see 1: ― -b2- and see also 6. He made him to leap [the female]. (S, * K, * PS, TK.) ― -b2- A^asofidoniY tayosaka, mentioned by Lh, means Lend me thy he-goat in order that he may leap my she-goat: and Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt uses its pass. part. n. metaphorically in relation to the zanod [or piece of stick used for producing fire]; saying, waAlA^aroDu Say~arahaA AlA_il`hu TaruwqapF ↓ lilomaA='i Hat~aY kul~u zanodK musofadu [And the land, God made it to be soaked by the water, so that every znd was lent; no man being able to go far enough to cut one for himself]. (M, TA.) He mounted his mare from behind; (M;) as also ↓ AstsfdhA: (AAF, M:) or baEiyrahu ↓ Astsfd he came to his camel from behind, and mounted him: (IAar, K:) and [in like manner] tsf~dahu i. q. taEaroqabahu, (K,) i. e. he mounted him from behind. (TA.) (S) and AlT~uyuwru, (A,) or tsAfd AlsibaAEu (K) and AlT~uyuwru, (TA,) and Al$iyaAhu ↓ sAfdt, (Msb, [perhaps a mistranscription for tsAfdt,]) The beasts of prey [and the birds and the sheep or goats] leaped one another. (TK.) see 5, in two places. A certain game, in which boys arrange themselves one behind another, every one laying hold upon the Hujozap [or uppermost part of the waist-wrapper] of his fellow, from behind him. (T in art. jEr, and TA.) A mare that is not allowed to be leaped [by the stallion] until she has completed her munoyap, which is a period of twenty days. (Kr, M.) (S, M, Msb, K) and suf~uwdN (M, TA) (assumed tropical:) An iron instrument, (S, M, K,) with curved prongs, (M, TA,) with which flesh-meat is roasted: (S, K:) Z makes is to be tropical, saying [in the A] that it is so called because of its adhering to that which is roasted upon it: (TA:) pl. safaAfiydu. (Msb, TA.) [For instances of substs. similar to saf~uwdN and suf~uwdN, see sub~uwHN.] and A_isofinodN Wine: (K:) the etymologists assert that its d is a substitute for the T in A_isofanoTN, which is one of the names of wine. (TA.) pass. part. n. of 4, q. v. sfr , (S, M, A, K,) aor. , inf. n. saforN, (M, K,) He swept a house, or chamber, (S, M, A, K,) &c. (M.) ― -b2- And He, or it, [swept away; or took away, or carried off, in every direction: and] dispersed: (M, K:) and removed, took off, or stripped off, a thing from a thing which it covered. (M * A, * K.) You say, safarati Alr~iyHu Alt~uraAba, and Alwaraqa, (assumed tropical:) The wind swept away the dust, and the leaves: or too them away, or carried them off, in every direction. (M.) And safarat i Alr~iyHu Algayoma (assumed tropical:) The wind dispersed the clouds: (M, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) removed the clouds from the face of the sky. (A, * TA.) And you say of a woman, safarato, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) aor. , (M,) inf. n. sufuwrN, (M, Mgh,) meaning She removed her veil (M, A, Mgh) Eano wajohihaA from her face: (A, M:) and [elliptically] (M) she uncovered her face: (S, M, K:) [for] safarotu Al$~aYo'a, [being for sfrt Eani Al$~aYo'i,] aor. , inf. n. saforN [or sufuwrN?], signifies I uncovered the thing; made it apparent, or manifest: (Mgh:) [but accord. to Mtr,] the phrase tasofiru wajohahaA [meaning she uncovers her face] is of weak authority. (Mgh.) ― -b3- Hence, i. e. from safarato meaning “ she uncovered her face, ” (M,) safarotu bayona Alqawomi, (S, M, Mgh, * Msb, K,) aor. (S, Msb, K) and , (K,) inf. n. sifaArapN (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and safaArapN and saforN, (K,) (assumed tropical:) I made peace, effected a reconciliation, or adjusted a difference, between the people; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because he who does so exposes what is in the mind of each party: (TA:) or I exposed what was in the mind of this and the mind of this in order to make peace, &c., between the people. (M.) [See also sifaArapN, below.] ― -b4- [And likewise, perhaps, from safarato meaning “ she uncovered her face, ”] safarati Al$~amosu, aor. , inf. n. saforN, (assumed tropical:) The sun rose. (Msb.) ― -b5- See also 4, in two places. ― -b6- safara, (S,) Msb,) aor. , (S,) or , (Msb,) inf. n. sufuwrN, (S,) or safarN, (Msb,) [the former of which inf. ns. perhaps indicates a radical relation to safarato said of a woman, and of the sun, expl. above,] He went forth to journey: (S, Msb:) this verb, however, in this sense, [which appears to have been unknown, or not acknowledged, by the authors of the M and K, (see musaAfirN,)] is obsolete; but its inf. n. safarN is used as a simple subst. (Msb. [See 3, the verb commonly used in this sense.]) ― -b7- [Hence, app,] safara $aHomuhu (tropical:) His fat went away. (A, TA.) ― -b8- and safarati AlHarobu (tropical:) The war declined; syn. wal~at. (A, K.) -A2- safara AlkitaAba, (S, A,) aor. , inf. n. saforN, (S,) He wrote the book, or writing. (A. [See siforN.]) -A3- safara AlbaEiyra, (S, K,) or safarahu biAls~ifaAri, (M,) aor. , (M, K,) inf. n. saforN; (M;) and ↓ Asfrhu, (AZ, M, K,) inf. n. A_isofaArN; (TA;) and ↓ sf~rhu, (Kr, M, K,) inf. n. tasofiyrN; (TA;) He put the sifaAr [q. v.] upon the nose of the camel. (S, M, K.) -A4- safara Ailganama He sold the best of the sheep, or goats. (K.) , inf. n. tasofiyrN, He sent him to go a journey. (K, TA.) ― -b2- sf~r AlA_ibila, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He pastured the camels between sunset and nightfall, and in the safiyr, (K, TA,) i. e., the whiteness [of the sky] before night: (TA:) or he fed the camels with safiyr [q. v.]: (so in the O:) and sf~r farasahu, inf. n. tasofiyru, He fed his horse with safiyr: or he kept him continually going, and trained him, in order that he might become strong to journey. (JM.) ― -b3- sf~r Aln~aAra, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He made the fire to flame, or blaze; (K, TA;) kindled it; or made it to burn, burn up, or burn brightly or fiercely, (TA.) -A2- See also 1, last sentence but one. [sAfr is trans. and intrans.] You say, Alr~iyaAHu yusaAfiru baEoDuhaA baEoDFA [The winds vie, one with another, in sweeping the ground, effacing one another's traces]: for the east wind removes and disperses the longitudinal traces made by the west wind, and the south wind makes traces across them. (S, * K, * TA.) -A2- And sAfr, inf. n. musaAfarapN (S, Msb, K) and sifaArN, (S, K,) He journeyed, or went, (K,) or went forth to journey, (S, Msb,) A_ilaY baladi ka*aA [to such a country, or town]. (S, K.) And saAfara safarFA baEiydFA [He journeyed, or went, a far journey]. (A, Mgh.) [See also 1.] ― -b2- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He died. (K.) ― -b3- And saAfarati Al$~amosu Eano kabidi Als~amaA='i (tropical:) [The sun declined from the middle of the sky]. (A.) ― -b4- And saAfarato Eanohu AlHum~aY (tropical:) [The fever departed from him]. (A.) The tree had its leaves blown off [and swept away] by the wind; (K, * TA;) they having become changed in colour, and white. (TA.) ― -b2- And Asfr, (inf. n. A_isofaArN, Mgh, Msb,) It (the dawn, or daybreak,) shone, (T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) so that there was no doubt respecting it; (T, TA;) as also ↓ safara, (M, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. saforN: (TA:) it has a special relation to colour; meaning it shone in colour. (B, TA.) ― -b3- It (the moon) caused a shining [in the sky] before its rising. (M.) ― -b4- (tropical:) It (a man's face) shone (S, M) [with happiness (see musofirN)]; or with beauty; for you say, Asfr HusonFA; (S;) as also ↓ safara: (M:) or became overspread with beauty. (Msb.) ― -b5- And He entered upon the time of dawn, or daybreak; (M;) or the time when the dawn became white. (K.) The Prophet said, A^asofiruwA biAlfajori, meaning Perform ye the prayer of daybreak when ye enter upon the time in which the dawn shines, or becomes white: (S, * Msb:) or when the dawn has become manifest, so that there is no doubt respecting it, every one knowing it to be the true dawn when he sees it; accord. to EshSháfi'ee and Ibn-Hambal and others: (T, TA:) or prolong ye the prayer of daybreak until ye enter upon the time when the dawn becomes white: (S, TA:) some say that it relates especially to nights in [the end of] which the moon shines, because in such the commencement of daybreak is not manifest: (TA:) or A^asofara biAlS~alaApi means he performed prayer in the shining of the dawn: and the b is for the purpose of making the verb transitive. (Mgh.) ― -b6- Asfrt AlHarobu (tropical:) The war became vehement. (A, K.) -A2- See also 1, last sentence but one. means A^ataY bisafarK, (O, K,) i. e. He came in [the time of] the whiteness of day [either before sunrise or after sunset]. (TA.) ― -b2- And tsf~rt AlA_ibilu The camels pastured between sunset and nightfall, (O, K,) and in the safiyr, (K, TA,) i. e. the whiteness [of the sky] before night. (TA. [But see 2, second sentence.]) -A2- tsf~r AlnisaA='a (O, K, TA) Eano wujuwhihin~a (O, TA) i. q. ↓ Aisotasofarahun~a, (O, K, TA,) i. e. He sought the brightest of the women in face and in beauty (TA, TK *) for marriage. (TK.) ― -b2- And tsf~r $ayoy^AF mino HaAjatihi (tropical:) He attained, or obtained, somewhat of the object of his want (O, K, TA) before its becoming beyond his reach. (TA.) ― -b3- And tsf~r fulaAnFA (assumed tropical:) He sought to obtain of such a one the half (Aln~iSofa, O, K, TA [in the CK. Aln~aSafa, by which, if it be correct, may perhaps be meant what was equitable, and Aln~iSofa may bear the same interpretation,]) of a claim (tabiEap) that he had upon him. (O, K, TA.) -A3- tsf~r Aljilodu The skin received, or had, a mark, or an impression: (O, K:) from saforN meaning A^avarN. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) The clouds became dispersed: (M, TA:) [or] became removed from the face of the sky. (TA.) ― -b2- Ansfr muqad~amu raA^osihi mina Al$~aEari (assumed tropical:) The fore part of his head became divested of the hair. (S, K. *) ― -b3- Ansfrt AlA_bilu fiY AlA^aroDi (assumed tropical:) The camels went away into the country, or land. (M, K. *) [Aisofar~iti Al$~amosu, inf. n. AisofiraArN, app. means The sun became white, previously to setting.] See safarN. : see 5. -A2- Astsfrhu He sent him as a safiyr [q. v.]. (JM.) : see musaAfirN, in two places. -A2- Also A mark, an impression, a trace, or a vestige, (A^avarN, K, TA,) remaining: (TA:) pl. sufuwrN. (K.) [Accord. to Freytag, it occurs in the Deewán El-Hudhaleeyeen as meaning The track, or trace, of a surge, or torrent.] A book, or writing: (S, M:) or a great, or large, book: or a section of the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: (M, K:) or a book that discovers, or reveals, truths: (TA:) or a book is thus called because it discovers things, and makes them evident: (M:) pl. A^asofaArN. (S, M.) ― -b2- With respect to the saying of Aboo-Sakhr El-Hudhalee, zlilayolaY bi*aAti Albayoni daArNEarafotuhaA waA^uxoraY bi*aAti Aljayo$i A=yaAtuhaAsiforu Skr says, [the poet means,] the marks, or traces, thereof had become effaced: [accordingly, the verse may be rendered, To Leylà there was in Dhát-el-Beyn an abode that I knew, and another in Dhát-el-Jeysh whereof the marks, or traces, are effaced:] IJ says, [app. holding the meaning to be, the marks, or traces, whereof are (like those of) an ancient book, such as a portion of the Mosaic Law,] the last word should be from the phrase safarotu Albayota, i. e. “ I swept the house, or chamber; ” as though the writing were swept off from the Tiros [or “ written paper ” or the like, to which the poet seems to compare the site of the abode in Dhát-el-Jeysh]. (M, TA.) Journey, or travel; the act of journeying or travelling; (S, A, K;) contr. of HaDarN: (M, K:) thus called because of the going and coming in it, like the going and coming of the wind sweeping away fallen leaves: (M:) or the act of going forth to journey; an inf. n. used as a simple subst.: (Msb:) [therefore] the pl. is A^sofaArN: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) [and therefore it is often used as a n. un.; but, properly speaking, the n. un. is ↓ saforapN:] you say, kaAnato saforatuhu qariybapF [His journey was near]: and the pl. of saforapN, accord. to rule, is safaraAtN. (Msb.) In law, [as relating to the obligation of fasting &c.,] The going forth with the intention of performing a journey of three days and nights, or more. (KT.) -A2- Also The whiteness of dawn or daybreak: (A:) or the whiteness of the day: (S, M:) and i. q. SabaAHN [dawn, or morning, or forenoon; but app. here used in the first of these senses]: (M:) and ↓ safiyrN, the whiteness [of the sky] before night: (A, TA:) or the former, the remains of the whiteness of day after sunset. (K.) You say safarFA i. e. SabaAHFA [app. as meaning In the dawn]. (A.) And the prose-rhymer says, A_i*aA TalaEati Al$~iEoraY safarFA lamo tarafiyhaA maTarFA (S, * TA) i. e. When Sirius rises in the whiteness of day [meaning in the clear twilight of morning, thou seest not then rain: for Sirius rises aurorally, in Arabia, in the middle and the latter half of July, when rain scarcely ever falls there]. (S. [Accord. to the TA, the meaning, app. taken without consideration from one of the foregoing explanations of safarN, is, when Sirius rises at nightfall: but this is during the usual winter-rains.]) You say also, laqiytuhu safarFA, and fiY safarK, meaning ↓ EinodaA@sofiraAri Al$~amosi lilguruwbi, thus related, with s [in the word AsfrAr (not with S), and app. meaning I met him when the sun was becoming white, previously to the setting]. (M.) And baqiYa safarN mino nahaArK [There remained a white gleam of daylight]. (A.) : see the next preceding paragraph. The food of the traveller; (M, K;) the food that is prepared for the traveller, (S, Msb,) or for a journey: (TA:) pl. asufarN. (Msb.) This is the primary signification. (TA.) You say, A^akaluwA Als~uforapa They ate the food for the journey. (A.) ― -b2- Hence, (tropical:) The receptacle thereof; (TA;) the piece of skin in which it is put. (S, * M, * Msb, K, * TA.) [This is commonly of a round form, with a running string; so that it is converted into a bag to contain the food, at one time, and at another time is spread flat upon the ground, when persons want to eat upon it.] ― -b3- And hence, (tropical:) The thing [whatever it be] upon which one eats: (TA:) [in the desert, it is generally a round piece of skin, such as I have described above: in the towns, in the houses of the middle classes, a round tray of tinned copper, which is usually placed on a low stool; and in the dwellings of some of the highest classes, and the lowest, respectively, of silver and wood:] accord. to the T, suforapN has the last of the significations given before this, and the thing which it denotes is thus called because it is spread when one eats upon it. (TA.) (Lh, S, M, K) and ↓ sifaArapN (Lh, M) A piece of iron, (S, M, K,) or a cord, (M,) or a piece of skin, (K,) that is put over the nose [and jaws] of a camel, in the place of the Hakamap [q. v.] (Lh, S, M, K) of the horse: (S, K:) or a cord that is attached to the xiTaAm [q. v.] of a camel, a part being twisted round it, and the rest being made a rein: and sometimes it is of iron: (Lth:) pl. [of pauc., of the former,] A^asofirapN (M, K) and [of mult.] sufurN (S, M, K) and [of either] safaAy^iru. (M, K.) Leaves which the wind sweeps away; (M;) leaves which fall from trees (S, A, K) and which the wind sweeps away, (A,) or because the wind sweeps them away: (S:) or leaves of herbs; because the wind sweeps them away: (T, TA:) or what have fallen of the leaves of trees and of the lower portions of seed-produce. (JM.) -A2- Also A messenger: (S:) and (assumed tropical:) a mediator; or a man who makes peace, effects a reconciliation, or adjusts a difference, between a people; (S, M, Msb;) as also ↓ saAfirN: (Msb:) or a messenger who makes peace, &c.: (T, Mgh, TA:) [see 1:] pl. of the former sufaraA='u, (S, M, Mgh,) and of the latter safarapN. (Har p. 255. [See also sifaArapN, below.]) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) A commissioned agent, a factor, or a deputy; and the like: pl. as above: app. so called because he discovers, and makes manifest, the affair in which he acts as a substitute for another person. (Msb.) -A3- See also safarN. Sweepings. (S, M, K.) an inf. n. of safara in the phrase safara bayona Alqawomi [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) [And hence, The office of the safiyr (q. v.). See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 126 and 172: and Quatremère's Hist. des Sultans Mamlouks, i. 193.] -A2- Also The falling of one's hair from [above] his forehead. (Sgh, TA.) -A3- See also sifaArN. [act. part. n. of 1:] A woman having her face uncovered: (S, M, Mgh, K:) pl. sawaAfiru. (TA.) ― -b2- And a horse (assumed tropical:) having little flesh: (K:) or so saAfiru All~aHomi, a phrase used by Ibn-Mukbil. (TA.) ― -b3- See also safiyrN. ― -b4- And see musaAfirN, in two places. -A2- Also A writer; a scribe: (Akh, S, M, K:) in the Nabathæan language saAfiraA: (M:) pl. safarapN: (Akh, S, M, K:) which is also applied to the angels who register actions. (M, K.) : see misofarapN. sing. of masaAfiru, (A,) which signifies The part that appears [or parts that appear] of the face. (S, A, * K.) ― -b2- [Also, or masofirN, A place of journeying or travelling: in which sense, likewise, its pl. is masaAfiru.] One says, bayoniY wabayonahu masaAfiru baEiydapN [Between me and him, or it, are farextending tracts to be travelled]. (A.) [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.:] (tropical:) A face shining (A, TA) with happiness. (A.) ― -b2- Aln~aAqapu Almusofirapu AlHumorapi [in the CK (erroneously) AlHumorapu] means (assumed tropical:) [The she-camel] that is somewhat above such as is termed SahobaA=' [in respect of redness]. (O, K, TA.) : see misofarapN. ― -b2- Also A man (TA) that journeys, or travels, much; (K;) and so ↓ misofaArN: (A:) or that journeys, or travels, much, and is strong for journeying: (M:) and, applied to a camel, (S, M, A,) strong for journeying; (S, M, A, K;) fem. with p, (S, M, K,) applied to a she-camel, (S, M,) as also ↓ misofaArN, thus applied. (M.) A broom; a thing with which one sweeps; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ misofarN, and ↓ tasofiyrapN, of which last, (expl. by maA yusofaru bihi,) the pl. is tasaAfiyru. (TA.) i. q. mujal~idN [i. e. One who binds books (A^asofaAr, pl. of siforN), or covers them with leather]. (A, TA.) : see misofarN, in two places. Distressed, or fatigued, by journeying or travel. (TA.) A man journeying, or travelling; a traveller; a wayfarer; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ saAfirN; (M, * K;) which latter is [said to be] not a part. n., but [a possessive epithet] meaning *uw safarK, (M,) having no verb belonging to it (M, K) that we have seen; (M;) or it is from safara, and signifies going forth on a journey: (S, Msb:) pl. of the former musaAfiruwna, (S,) and of the latter suf~aArN (S, M, A, Msb, K) and A^asofaArN (M, K) and suf~arN; (TA;) and you also say ↓ qawomN saAfirapN [fem. of saAfirN], (S, * M, Msb, K,) and ↓ qawomN saforN, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) [saforN being a quasi-pl. n.,] like SaHobN in relation to SaAHibo: (S, Mgh, Msb:) and ↓ saforN is also used as a sing., (M, K,) being originally an inf. n. (TA.) ― -b2- musaAfirapN is used by Zuheyr as a name for A [wild] cow. (M, TA.) safaro jalN [The quince; pyrus cydonia of Linn.;] a certain fruit, (K,) well known; (S, K;) abundant in the land of the Arabs: (AHn, TA:) it is astringent, or constipating; strengthening; diuretic; exites the appetite (K, TA) for food and venery; (TA;) allays thirst; and when eaten upon [other] food, loosens [the bowels]; and the most beneficial thereof is that which has been scooped out, and had its pips extracted, and honey put in the place thereof, and been plastered over with clay, and baked (K, TA) in the oven: (TA:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with p: (K:) and pl. safaAriju: (S, K:) the dim. is sufayorij and sufayojilN, mentioned by Az. (TA.) ― -b2- [safarojalN hinod iY~u Annona glabra; a species of custard-apple; mentioned by Forskål, Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxiv.] -A2- The saying of Sb, that there is not in the language the like of sfr jAl does not mean that this word is applied to anything: and in like manner his saying that there is not in the language the like of Asfrjlt does not mean that this word is used. (TA.) sfT , aor. , (M, K,) inf. n. safaATapN, (M, TA,) He was, or became, cheerful, happy, or free from straitness, in mind: liberal, bountiful, or munificent. (M, K, TA.) How pleased, or content, is his mind to give thee up, or relinquish thee! syn. maA A^aToyabahaA. (IAar, K.) It (a jar) drank up, or absorbed, the greater part of the wine. (K.) The drinking up entirely [what is in a vessel]; syn. Ai$otifaAfN. (K.) A thing (M, Mgh, Msb, K) like a juwaAliq [or sack], (M, K,) or like a quf~ap [or basket woven of palm-leaves], (K,) in which are stowed perfume and similar things, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) of the apparatus of women: (Mgh, TA:) an Arabic word, well known: (TA:) pl. A^asofaATN. (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K.) ― -b2- And hence, (tropical:) A casket, or small chest. (Mgh.) It is related that an Arab of the desert, passing by at the burial of Mo- hammad, asked why they had not placed the Apostle of God in a safaT of brown aloes-wood encased with gold. (TA.) Cheerful, happy, or free from straitness, in mind: liberal, bountiful, or munificent. (S, M, K.) You say, huwasafiTu Aln~afosi He is cheerful, happy, or free from straitness, and liberal, in mind: (TA:) or cheerful, or brisk, to do what is kind or beneficent. (As.) And nafosuhu safiyTapN bika*aA [His mind is pleased, or content, with such a thing]. (TA.) -A2- Vile, or mean, and despised in all his circumstances: (M, K:) a man, (IAar, M, K,) or thing, (IAar, M,) of no estimation. (IAar, M, K.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (K.) ― -b2- What drop from the tree, of green unripe dates. (M, L, K.[AlmutasAfiTu in the CK is a mistake for AlmutasaA qiTu.]) -A3- A^amowAluhumo safiyTapN bayonahumo Their possessions are mixed among them. (AZ, S.) The goods, or utensils and furniture, of a house or tent. (IDrd, S, [but wanting in one copy,] M, K.) A maker of what is called safaT. (TA.) , (S, M, K,) so in the handwriting of J, (TA,) and A_isofinoTN, (M, K,) also written with S, (As, and K in art. SfT,) Perfumed juice of grapes: (M, L, K:) or wine in which are aromatics: (TA:) or the upper part of wine; (AO, M, K;) the clear part thereof; (AO, TA;) so called because the jars (dinaAn) have drunk up, or absorbed, the greater portion of it, (K, TA,) the clear part remaining; (TA;) or from safiyTN in the first of the senses assigned to it above: (IAar, K:) or various wines mixed together: (TA:) or it signifies a certain sort of beverage or wine: and is a Persian word, [originally A_isofanodN,] arabicized: (S, K:) or, accord. to As, a Greek word, (S, M,) signifying wine: (TA:) if not Arabic, all its letters are radicals: and Sb says that it is a quinqueliteral-radical word, like A_iSoTabolN. (TA.) A man having a head like a safaT. (IAar, K.) sfE , (S,) or safaEa Als~amuwmu wajohahu, (K,) and Aln~aAru, (S,) and Al$~amosu, (TA,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. safoEN, (TK,) The hot wind, (S, K,) and the fire, (S,) and the sun, (TA,) smote, or burned, (S, K,) him, (S,) or his face, (K,) slightly, (S, K,) so that it altered the colour of the external skin, (S,) and, as some add, blackened it; (TA;) as also ↓ sf~Ehu, (K,) inf. n. tasofiyEN. (TA.) [It is app. from sufoEapN signifying “ blackness tinged with redness. ”] ― -b2- [And hence,] safaEahu, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) He made a mark upon it: and he made a mark upon it with a hot iron, or with fire. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- Also, aor. as above, (L, K,) and so the inf. n., (L,) (assumed tropical:) He slapped (L, K) it, a man's face, (L,) or him, a man, (K,) with his hand. (L.) And (assumed tropical:) He struck it (a man's neck) with his expanded hand: in which sense it is also written with S. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He struck him, or beat him, (K,) with a staff, or stick. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He (a bird) slapped it, (S, [in which only the inf. n. is mentioned,] and K,) namely, the object struck by him, (K,) with his wing, (S,) or with his wings. (K: and so [as is implied in the TA] in some copies of the S.) ― -b4- safaEa binaASiyathi, (Lth, S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He laid hold upon, or seized, (Lth, S, K,) and dragged, (Lth, K,) his nASyp, (Lth, S, K,) i. e. the fore part of his head (TA) [or his forelock or the hair over his forehead]: or safoEN signifies the laying hold upon, or seizing, the sufoEap of the head, i. e. the black part of its nASyp. (ElMufradát, TA.) You say, safaEa binaASiyapi Alfarasi liyarokabahu [He laid hold upon, or seized, the forelock of the horse, to mount him]. (TA.) And safaEa birijolihi He laid hold upon, or seized, and dragged, his foot. (TA.) And safaEa biyadihi He laid hold upon his hand: (IAar:) or he laid hold upon his hand and raised him: often used in this sense by 'Obeyd-Allah Ibn-Al-Hasan, Kádee of El-Bas- rah. (Sgh.) It is said in the Kur [xcvi. 15], lanasofaEFA biAln~aASiyapi; (S, K, &c.;) [or lanasofaEaA; (see A^alifu Aln~uwni Alxafiyfapi in art. A;)] the Arabs [sometimes] substituting A for the quiescent n [in a case of this kind]; (Sgh;) i. e. We will assuredly take by the nASyp (Az, S, TA) to the fire [of hell]: (Az, TA:) or we will assuredly lay hold upon his nASyp and drag him thereby with violence to the fire: (Bd:) or we will assuredly drag him thereby to the fire: (O, K:) or we will assuredly blacken his face; the nASyp being put for the face because it is the fore part thereof: (Fr, Az, K:) or we will assuredly mark him with the mark of the people of the fire, (O, K,) making his face black, and his eyes blue: (O:) or we will assuredly abase him: or, render him despicable: (O, K:) or we will assuredly abase him and make him to stand: so in the L and other lexicons; for these, instead of A^wlanuqomiy^an~ahu in the O and K, have walanuqiyman~ahu, and this is shown to be the right reading by the last explanation in the sentence next preceding. (TA.) -A2- safiEa, aor. , inf. n. safaEN, It (a thing) was, or became, of the colour termed sufoEap, i. e. black tinged, or intermixed, with red. (Msb.) see 1; first sentence. , inf. n. musaAfaEapN, (S, TA,) (tropical:) He slapped him, being slapped by him: he struck him, or beat him, being struck, or beaten, by him: and he fought with him; namely his adversary: (TA:) [or he charged upon, or assaulted, or attacked, him, the latter doing the same; for] musaAfaEapN is like muTaAradapN. (S.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) He embraced him, being embraced by him. (TA.) He warmed himself, (K, TA,) biAln~aAri with the fire. (TA.) His colour became altered by reason of fear, or the like, (K, TA,) as, for instance, disease. (TA.) ― -b2- [AisotafaEa He, or it, became swollen, or affected with a tumour; for] AisotifaAEN is like tahab~ujN, (K, TA,) with b before the j. (TA: [in the CK tahay~uj.]) -A2- AisotafaEa [from safoEN] He (a man) put on, or clad himself with, his garment: and AisotafaEato She (a woman) put on her garments. (TA.) A mark, from fire, altering the colour of a man. (TA.) -A2- safoEN also signifies A garment of any kind: (K:) but mostly such as is dyed: pl. sufuwEN. (TA.) ― -b2- [And hence, perhaps,] The spathe, or spadix, (TaloE,) of a tree called ZimoxN. (AA, T in art. Zmx.) : see A^asofaEu, of which it is pl., though sometimes used as a subst. : see sufoEapN. (assumed tropical:) A stroke from a devil: (TA:) or a touch of madness or diabolical possession, in a person, as though a devil had laid hold upon his naASiyap: (S, TA:) [see safaEa banaASiyatihi:] or a stroke with the evil eye: (TA:) or a stroke of an [evil] eye by which one is affected from the jinn's looking at him; as also naZorapN: (T in art. nZr:) or an evil eye. (K, TA: [in the CK, for safoEapNA^Yo EayonN, is put safoEapN A^awo EayonN.]) One says, bahi safoEapN In him is a touch of madness, &c. (S.) And A^aSaAbatohu safoEapN An evil eye smote him. (K, TA.) Blackness tinged, or intermixed, with redness: (Lth, S, Msb, K:) or blackness that is not much: or blackness with another colour: or blackness with blueness; or, with yellowness; accord. to the Towsheeh: but Lth says that, as meaning a colour, it has the first of all these meanings only: (TA:) or [simply] blackness. (Mgh.) In the face, it is A blackness in the cheeks of a wan, or haggard, woman: (S:) and ↓ safaEN [which is properly the inf. n. of safiEa, q. v.,] a blackness tinged with redness in the cheeks of a wan, or haggard, woman, (O, K,) and of a sheep, or goat. (O.) One says also, A^araYfiY wajohihi sufoEapF mino gaDabK (tropical:) I see in his face a change to blackness in consequence of anger. (TA.) The sufoEap of the head is The blackness of its naASiyap [i. e. fore part, or forelock, or hair over the forehead]. (El-Mufradát, TA.) And sufaEN [which is the pl.] signifies Black spots, or specks, on the face of a bull. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A spot of ground, in the traces of a house, differing, in its blackness, from the rest of the colour of the ground: (S, TA:) [i. e. a black, or dark, patch of ground where a house has stood:] or dung of beasts, (K, TA,) or sand, (TA,) or ashes, or sweepings commingled and compacted together, in the traces left by the inhabitants of a house, differing in colour from the ground [around]; (K, TA;) so says Lth. (TA.) [act. part. n. of safaEa,] A man laying hold upon, or seizing, the naASiyap [or forelock] of his horse [to mount him]. (S, * and Ham p. 7.) -A2- sawaAfiEu [pl. of saAfiEapN,] Burning blasts of the [wind called] samuwm. (S, K.) Of a black colour tinged, or intermixed, with redness: (S, Msb:) or black: (Mgh:) applied to a man: (S:) fem safoEaA='u: (Mgh, Msb:) and sufoEN [is the pl., and] signifies blacks inclining to redness. (K.) Applied to an ostrich, i. q. A^arobadu [which is variously explained, as signifying Of a colour inclining to blackness, or of the colour of dust, &c.]. (TA.) And the fem., applied to a ewe, Having black cheeks, the rest of her being white. (TA.) The masc. also signifies A wild bull: (K:) or, applied to a wild bull, it signifies having in his cheeks a blackness inclining a little to redness. (TA.) And The hawk; (K;) because it has spots of black: (Er-Rághib:) all hawks are sufoEN: (S:) and the fem., A pigeon (HamaAmapN); because of the sufoEap upon its neck: (S:) or, applied to a pigeon, it signifies of which the sufoEap is upon its neck, (K, TA,) exclusively of the head, (TA,) in the part on each side of the neck above the ring. (K, * TA.) It is also a name for Sheep, or goats; used when they are called to be milked: (K:) so in the O: but in some copies, and in the TS, for the she-goat: (TA:) thus in the phrase, A^a$oli A_ilayoka AlA^asofaEa [Call thou to thee the sheep, or goats, or the she-goat, to be milked]: (O, TS, K:) mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) ― -b2- Applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, Black. (K.) ― -b3- ↓ The pl. is also applied to The A^avaAfiY~, (Lth, S, K,) or three stones upon which the cooking-pot is set up; (TA;) because of their blackness: (Lth, Er-Rághib:) [see HaADinN:] and a single one thereof is called safoEaA='u: (K:) or an iron A^uvofiy~ap [meaning trivet], (K, TA,) upon which the cooking-pot is set up; and this is said to be the primary application. (TA.) ― -b4- sufoEN also signifies The seeds, or grain, of the colocynth; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) because of their blackness: (TA:) n. un. with p. (K.) applied to a man clad in armour, Black from the rust of the iron. (TA.) Applied to a bull, Having black spots, or specks, on his face. (TA.) A man (I'Ab) smitten by an evil eye. (I 'Ab, K.) ― -b2- masofuwEu AlEayoni A man whose eye is sunk, or depressed, in his head. (I 'Ab, K.) ― -b3- [See also ma$ofuwEN.] (assumed tropical:) Striking, or beating, another, being struck, or beaten, by him. (K.) (assumed tropical:) Charging upon, or assaulting, or attacking, another who is doing the same. (K.) ― -b2- [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) The lion (K, TA) that prostrates his prey. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Embracing. (K.) ― -b4- (tropical:) I. q. musaAfiHN; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) i. e. having sexual intercourse without marriage. (TA.) sfq , (T, S, Msb, K,) aor. , inf. n. safoqN; (Msb;) and ↓ Asfqhu; (T, S, Msb, K;) He shut, or closed, the door; (T, S, Msb, K;) or locked it: (Msb:) and in like manner with S [in the place of the s]. (TA.) ― -b2- safaqa wajohahu, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He slapped his face. (IDrd, Msb, K.) [See also Safaqa.] ― -b3- Als~afoqu fiY AlA^asowAqa, occurring in a trad., means The striking of the hands [of the contracting parties] on the occasion of selling and buying [in token of the ratification thereof in the markets]: and so with S. (TA.) ― -b4- safaqa A^omoraA^atahu, inf. n. as above, i. q. A^aSaAbahaA [app. meaning He compressed his wife; like ASAb minohaA]. (TA.) -A2- safuqa, (S, Msb, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. safaAqapN, (S, Msb,) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) was thick, substantial, close, or compact, in texture; (T, S, Msb, K;) not saxiyf; (T;) contr. of saxufa: (Msb:) [and so Safuqa.] see above, first sentence. ― -b2- Asfq Alganama He milked the sheep, or goats, but once in the day: and so with S. (TA.) ― -b3- Asfq Alv~awoba He (a weaver) made the garment, or piece of cloth, thick, substantial, close, or compact, in texture. (TA.) It (a door) became shut, or closed: (S, TA:) and so with S. (TA.) i. q. baAyaEahu [He sold and bought with him: he made a covenant, a compact, an engagement, or the like, with him: or he promised, or swore, allegiance to him]: (O, K:) occurring in a trad., related thus and with S. (TA.) ― -b2- And Ai$otarayotu Al$~ayy^ayoni safoqapF waAHidapF, (O,) or fiY safoqapK waAHidapF, (K,) I purchased the two things by a single act of purchasing. (O, K.) , applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, Thick, substantial, close, or compact, in texture. (T, S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- And [hence,] safiyqu Alwajohi (assumed tropical:) A man (S, O, TA) having little shame. (S, O, K, TA.) A broad, thin, long piece of wood, which is put, or laid down, and upon which are then wound the [mats of reeds called] bawaAriY~, (Lth, O, K,) above the house-tops of the people of ElBasrah. (Lth, O. [See also saqiyfapN.]) ― -b2- And Any piece of gold, and of silver, or other metal, that is beaten thin and long. (Lth, O, K. * [See, again, saqiyfapN.]) sfk , aor. (S, M, O, Msb, K) and , (O, Msb, TA, &c.,) inf. n. safokN, (S, O, Msb,) He shed, poured forth, or caused to run or flow, blood, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) and tears, (S, O, Msb, TA,) and water, and any fluid or liquid, but app. most especially blood. (TA.) ― -b2- And [hence,] safaka AlkalaAma, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He poured forth speech profusely, (K, TA,) with haste, or quickly. (TA.) ,inf. n. tasofiykN, He fed him (i. e. his guest) with something whereby to content, or satisfy, him, [so as to allay the craving of his stomach,] before the morning-meal; i. q. lam~ajahu (O, TA.) [They contended together in the mutual shedding of blood]. (TA in art. njz) , said of blood, (K, TA,) and tears, and water, and any fluid or liquid, (TA,) It was, or became, shed, poured forth, or caused to run or flow; or it poured forth, or flowed. (K, TA.) A portion of food that is presented to a guest, to content, or satisfy, him, [so as to allay the craving of his stomach,] before the morningmeal; like lumojapN. (IAar, O, K. *) : see saf~aAkN, in two places. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The soul: (K:) [like ka*uwbN: app. because of its proneness to lying.] Blood, (K, TA,) and tears, and water, and any fluid or liquid, (TA,) Shed, poured forth, or caused to run or flow; as also ↓ masofuwkN (K, TA.) One who sheds blood, and tears, much; (Msb;) [as also ↓ safuwkN.] You say saf~aAkN lild~imaA='i A great shedder of blood. (TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) Eloquent; (Kr, K;) an able speaker. (S, K.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) Mendacious; a great, or habitual, liar; (TA;) as also ↓ safuwkN, (K,) or safuwkN baAlkalaAmi (TA.) Shedding, or pouring forth, blood and tears [&c.]. (Msb.) You say EuyuwnN sawaAfiku Eyes shedding, or pouring forth, tears. (TA.) ― -b2- And dumuwEN sawaAfiku [Tears pouring forth; properly] meaning *awaAtu safokK [having a shedding or pouring forth], the latter word being pl. of saAfikapN: so as used in a verse of Mutemmim Ibn-Nuweyreh: but the obviously-right expression is ↓ masofuwkapN (Ham p. 370.) (assumed tropical:) Loquacious; garrulous. (K, * TA.) : See safiykN and saAfikN. sfl , aor. ; (M, MA, Mgh, O, * Msb, K;) and safula, aor. ; (M, Msb, K;) and safila, (O, K,) aor. ; (K;) inf. n. (of the first, Mgh, Msb, TA, and of the last, TA) sufuwlN (M, MA, Mgh, Msb, K) and safaAlN (M, MA, K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] sifAl,) and of the second safaAlapN (TA;) and ↓ tsf~l; (M, K;) He, or it, was, or became, low; (M, * Mgh, O, K; *) the first contr. of EalaA (Mgh, O;) and the third, of EaliYa; and (assumed tropical:) both are said of a man; (O;) sufuwlN and safaAlN being the contr. of Euluw~N and EalA='N: (S, K:) or became lower than another: (Msb:) [and] the first signifies it descended, subsided, or sank downwards. (MA.) Hence the phrase binotu binoti binotK waA_ino safalato (assumed tropical:) [A daughter of a daughter of a daughter, and if she be lower in descent]: safulato i. e. with damm to the f, in this case, is a mistake. (Mgh.) And safalato manozilatuhu Einoda AlA^amiyri (assumed tropical:) [His station with, or in the estimation of, the commander, governor, or prince, was, or became, low, or lower]. (TA.) And A^amoruhumo fiYsafaAlK (assumed tropical:) [Their case is in a low state]. (TA.) And safala fiYAl$~Yo'i, (K, * TA, [in the former of which the context implies that it is safula, but it is]) like naSara, [aor. ,] (TA,) inf. n. sufuwlN, [It subsided in the thing;] it descended from the upper, or uppermost, part of the thing, to the lower, or lowest, part thereof. (K.) ― -b2- And safula, [aor. ,] inf. n. safaAlapN (Fr, S, MA, Mgh, O, K *) and safaAliyapN (MA) and sufolN, (Fr, O,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid; (Fr, S, MA, Mgh, O, K; *) as also safala, with fet-h, (Fr, O,) or safila. (MA.) You say, safala, like qatala, (Msb,) or safula, like karuma, (K,) fiY xuluqihi, and Eamalihi, (Msb, K,) and nasabihi, (TA,) [aor. in either case ,] inf. n. safolN (Msb, K) and sufolN (K) and sifaAlN, (Msb, * K, [in the former without any indication of the syll. signs,]) the last like kitaAbN; (K;) [and app. safila also accord. to the MA, as shown above;] and ↓ tsf~l, and ↓ Astfl; (TA;) (tropical:) He was low, base, vile, ignoble, or mean, in his lot, [or, as seems to be indicated in the Msb, inferior to others,] in respect of his disposition, and his deed, and his lineage: (TA:) ↓ tsf~l is the contr. of jaAda. (Msb.) The act of lowering, or depressing; syn. taSowiybN. Sudot;, O.) (assumed tropical:) He vies with, or imitates, such a one in his low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, actions. (TA.) [quasi-pass. of 2,] The being lowered, or depressed; syn. taSaw~ubN (S, O;) contr. of taEal~. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 1, first sentence: ― -b3- and the same, last sentence, in two places. see 1, last sentence. and ↓ sifolN (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K) [but it is strangely added in the Msb that IKt disallowed the pronunciation with damm] and ↓ sifolapN (M, K) and ↓ sufaAlahN (S, O, K) The lowest, or lower, part [of a thing]; contr. of EulowN (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and EilowN (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and EilowapN (K) and EulaAwapN; (S, O, K;) [and so ↓ saAflapN, contr. of EaAlyapN:] kul~ $aYo'K ↓ sufaAlahu signifies, (K,) or is said to signify, (M,) the lowest, or lower, part of anything; i. e. ↓ A^asofaluhu (M, K;) and EulaAwatuhu [The contr., i. e.] A^aEolaAhu. (M.) : see the next preceding paragraph. from safila, and ↓ safiylN from safula, (assumed tropical:) A low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, man: (MA:) or ↓ safylN signifies low (↓ saAfilN) [in condition], deficient in lot, or fortune: (TA:) and ↓ safilapN, (S, M, MA, Mgh, Msb, K,) said by some to be from this word as signifying the “ legs ” (Mgh, Msb) of a camel (Mgh) or of a beast, or quadruped, (Msb,) and ↓ sifolapN, (S, M, MA, Mgh Msb, K,) a contraction of safilapN, (S, Mgh, Msb, or it may be pl. of ↓ safiylN, like as EiloyapN is of EaliY~N, (Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, persons; (S, * MA, Mgh, Msb;) or the lowest, or lower, basest, or baser, vilest, or viler, &c., of mankind, or of people; the refuse, or rabble, thereof: (S, * M, K:) and ↓ sifilapN, with two kesrehs, is a dial. var. of safilapN and sifolapN, mentioned by Sgh and IB on the authority of Yoo and IKh, and is said to mean the lowest, basest, &c., of the low, base, &c.: the pl. of ↓ sifolapN is sifalN; (TA;) one should not say, ↓ huwa safilapN because this is [used only as] a pl.: (S:) the vulgar say rajulN mino qawomK sifalK ↓ sifolapN; (S, Mgh; *) but this has been disallowed: (Mgh:) a man is related to have said to his wife, (Mgh, TA,) who had called him sifolapN, (TA,) A_ino kunotu sifolapF faA^anoti TaAliqN, (Mgh, TA,) meaning If I be low, base, &c., in my intellect and my religion [thou art divorced]; (Mgh;) whence it seems that sifolapN may be applied to a single person; but this requires consideration. (TA.) ↓ A^ayomaAnu Als~afilapi means (assumed tropical:) [The oaths] of the ignorant: or accord. to Aboo- Haneefeh, of the heretics, or schismatics: such [oaths] are said to be wawajohi A@ll~`hi and waA^maAnapi A@ll~`h. (Mgh.) see sufolN: ― -b2- and see also safilN, in three places. The legs (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) of a camel (S, M, Mgh, K) or of a beast, or quadruped: (Msb:) because they are lowest. (M.) ― -b2- See also saAfilapN: ― -b3- and see safilN, in three places. see safilN. [Of, or relating to, the lowest, or lower, part or place;] a rel. n. from sufolN. (TA.) [Hence, the pl.] sufoly~uwna means Persons alighting, or abiding, in the lowest, or lower, parts of a country: opposed to Ealy~uwna (TA in art. Elw.) ― -b2- It is also opposed to EaliY~N [in relation to condition]: whence the saying, mano yaroHami Als~ufoliY~a yaroHamohu AlEaliY~u (assumed tropical:) He who has mercy on the low in condition, on him will the high in condition have mercy]. (TA.) sufoliy~uwna, meaning (assumed tropical:) Persons low in condition, is opposed to Ealiy~uwna, meaning “ opulent persons. ” (TA in art. Elw.) : see safilN, in three places. see sufolN, in two places. ― -b2- One says, qaEada sufaAlapa Alr~iyHi, and fiY sufaAlapi Alr~iyHi, (M, K, * TA,) or bisufaAlapiAlr~iyH, (S,) [He sat in, or on, the leeward side; like as one says in French, sous le vent;] in, or on, the side, or quarter, towards which the wind blew; (S, M, K, * TA;) and particularly with respect to the object or objects of the chase [in order that his smell might not be perceived thereby]: (TA in the present art. and in art. Elw:) opposed to EulaAwatahaA, and fiY EulaAwatihaA, (M, K, * TA,) or biEulaAwatihaA. (S.) Low; contr. of EaAlK. (S, Msb, * TA.) See also safilN: and see an ex. voce A^asofalu : see sufolN. ― -b2- [Hence,] saAfilapu Alr~umoHi half that is next to the zuj~ [or pointed iron shoe, or foot,] of the spear: (M, K:) [opposed to EaAliyatuhu.] ― -b3- And Als~aAfilapu The bottom, podex, posteriors, or buttocks; and the anus; syn. AlmaqoEadapu, (S,) and Ald~uburu; (TA;) as also ↓ Als~afilapu; syn. Ald~uburu. (L in art. xjr.) Lower, and lowest; contr. of A^aEolaY (M, Msb, K:) fem. sufolaY: (TA:) and pl. A^asaAfilu. (M, TA.) One says, SaAraA^asofala mino gayorihi [He, or it, became lower than another]. (Msb.) And it is said in the Kur [viii. 43], wA@lr~akobu A^asofala minokumo The caravan being in a place lower than ye; Asfl being here an adv. n.: or, as some read, A^asofalu minokumo, i. e. being lower than ye. (M.) ― -b2- ↓ vum~a radadonaAhu A^asofala saAfiliyna, in the Kur [xcv. 5], means (assumed tropical:) [Then we rendered him the lowest of low: or] we reduced him to extreme old age, or decrepitude: or to a state of perishing, or passing away: or to a state of error; relating to him who has disbelieved; (M, K;) for every infant is born of the natural constitution with which he is created in his mother's womb, and he who disbelieves and errs is reduced to this state: (M:) or the meaning is, we have made him to be of the people of the fire [of Hell]: or [we have made him to go down] to the fire [of Hell]. (Bd.) ― -b3- sufolay muDara [The lower of Mudar] is said to denote those of Mudar with the exception of Kureysh and Keys: opposed to EuloyaAmuDara. (TA in art. Elw.) ― -b4- See also sufolN. ― -b5- The pl. A^asaAfilu means The lower, or lowest, parts of valleys [&c.]. (TA.) The phrase kilaAbu AlA^asaAfili occurs in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb as meaning [The dogs] of the lower, or lowest, parts of the valleys. (M.) ― -b6- And (assumed tropical:) The young ones of camels. (As, S, * TA.) sfn , (S, M, L, K,) aor. , (M, L, K,) inf. n. safonN, (S, M, L,) i. q. qa$arahu [i. e. He divested or stripped it of, or he stripped off, scraped off, rubbed off, abraded, or otherwise removed, its outer covering or integument, or superficial part; he pared it, peeled it, &c.: and he, or it, pared, peeled, stripped, or rubbed, it off; namely, anything superficial and generally a thing adhering to the surface of another thing]. (S, M, L, K.) Imra-el-Keys says, fajaA'a xafiy~FA yasofinu AlA^aroDa baTonuhu taraYAlt~uroba minohu laASiqFA kul~a maloSaqi [And he came clandestinely, his belly paring the ground, thou seeing the dust sticking to him with the utmost sticking]; (S, M, L; but in the S, laAziqFA and malozaqi;) meaning that he came cleaving to the ground in order that the objects of the chase might not see him and flee from him. (S, L.) ― -b2- And He pared and smoothed it; as also ↓ sf~nhu [but app. in an intensive sense, or used in relation to several objects]. (M, L.) ― -b3- And safanati AlriyHu Alt~uraAba, (M, L,) aor. as above, (L,) and so the inf. n., (M, L,) The wind reduced the dust to a fine powder: (M, L:) or safanat iAlriyHu Alt~uraAba Eano wajohi AlA^roDi [The wind pared off the dust from the surface of the earth]. (S, L.) ― -b4- And safanati Alr~iyHu, aor. , (Lh, M, L, K,) inf. n. sufuwnN, (Lh, M, L,) The wind blew upon the surface of the earth [app. removing the dust]; as also safinati, (Lh, M, L, K,) aor. . (K.) ― -b5- And Als~afiynapu tasofinu EalaY wajohi AlA^aroDi The ship, or boat, sticks upon the ground. (L.) see the preceding paragraph. A carpenter's adz, or axe, (L,) or a large adz or axe, (M, L,) or a thing (S, L, K) of any kind, (K,) with which one hews, or shapes out, or pares, a thing; as also ↓ misofanN: (S, L, K:) or an adz with which palm-trunks are pared; as also safarN and $afarN. (ISk, L.) ― -b2- Also Rough skin, (S, M, L, K,) thick, or coarse, (M,) such as the skins of crocodiles, (S, L,) which is put upon the hilts of swords: (S, M, L:) or the skin of the fish called A^aTuwm, which is a rough skin, wherewith whips and arrows are rubbed [to smooth them], and which is upon the hilts of swords: (Mgh, L: *) accord. to AHn, (M, L,) a rough piece of the skin of the [lizard called] Dab~, or of the skin of a fish, with which the arrow is rubbed so as to remove from it the marks of the paring-knife: (M, L, K:) or, as some say, (M, L,) a stone with which one shapes out, or pares, and smooths: (M, L, K:) sometimes, accord. to Lth, an iron implement with which one rubs wood so as to smooth it: (L:) accord. to AHeyth, a cane which is hollowed, and has some notches cut in it, through which an arrow is put and repeatedly drawn [to smooth it]; also called TariydapN. (L in art. Trd.) See an ex. in a verse cited in art. xwf, conj. 5. A wind that blows upon the surface of the earth [app. removing the dust]; (M, K;) as also ↓ saAfinapN: (K:) or the former, a wind always blowing: (L:) and ↓ the latter signifies a wind as though wiping the surface of the earth; (A 'Obeyd, L;) or paring it; (L;) or [simply] a wind; (S;) and its pl. is sawaAfinu. (A 'Obeyd, S, L, K.) : see safiynapN, in two places. The craft, or occupation, of constructing, (M, L, K,) and of navigating, (M, L,) ships or boats. (M, L, K.) A ship, or boat; (M, L;) of the measure faEylapN in the sense of the measure faAEilapN; (IDrd, S, M, L, Msb;) as though it pared the surface of the water; (IDrd, S, L, Msb;) or so called because it pares [meaning skims] the surface of the water; (M, L;) or because it pares the sands [by running aground] when the water is little [in depth]; or because [in that case] it sticks upon the ground; or it may be from safanN meaning “ a carpenter's adz or axe with which he hews &c., ” and, if so, having the meaning of the measure mafoEuwlapN: (L:) the pl. is safaAy^inu and sufunN (M, L, Msb, K) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ safiynN: (S, M, L, Msb, K:) the first of these is a regular pl.: (Sb, M, L:) the second is pl. of the third, (Msb,) or it is as though it were pl. of the third: (Sb, M, L:) ↓ the third is anomalous, being of a class proper to created things, as in the instances of tamorapN and tamorN, and naxolapN and naxolN, and only heard in a few instances in the cases of things made by art; and some say that it is a dial. var. of safiynapN. (Msb.) [Hence,] Als~afiynapu (assumed tropical:) [The constellation Argo;] one of the southern constellations, of which the stars are five and forty, the bright great star upon the southern oar being sohayolN [i. e. Canopus], accord. to Ptolemy, and it is the most remote star from the sfynp, in the south, and is marked on the astrolabe; but some of the Arabs say that the bright star at the extremity of the second oar [but what star is meant thereby I know not] is called suhayolN, without restriction. (Kzw.) ― -b2- [Also An oblong book: and a commonplace book: app. post-classical.] A constructor, or builder, of ships or boats: (M, L, K:) and a navigator, (M, L,) or a master, (S, Msb,) of a ship or boat. (S, M, L, Msb.) A pearl. (K.) ; pl. sawaAfinu: see safuwnN, in two places. A certain vein in the inner side of the spine, extending lengthwise, with which is united the niyaAT [q. v.] of the heart. (K.) [Golius and Freytag explain it as meaning the “ Saphæna: ” but this is called AlS~aAfinu.] A certain bird [found] in Egypt, that does not alight upon a tree without eating all the leaves thereof. (K.) : see safanN. sfnd and sfnT and A_isofanoTN: see arts. sfd and sfT. sfh , (S, MA, Msb,) aor. ; (Msb;) and safuha, [aor. ;] (S, Msb;) inf. n. safahN and safaAhapN (S, MA, Msb, K *) and safaAhN, (S, MA, K, *) [all mentioned in the MA as of the former verb, and so in the TA when that verb is trans., but properly] the first is of the former verb, and the second is of the latter verb, (S, Msb,) and so is the third; (S;) He (a man, S) was, or became, such as is termed safiyh; (S, TA;) [i. e.] he was, or became, unwise, witless, or destitute of wisdom or understanding, or [rather] lightwitted. (MA.) ― -b2- The phrase safiha nafosapu, [of which an instance occurs in the Kur ii. 124, and] to which gabina raA^oyahu and baTira Eayo$ahu and A^alima baTonahu and wafiqa A^amorahu and ra$ida A^amorahu are similar, was originally safihato nafosu zayodK [or rather safihato nafosuhu i. e. Himself, or his mind, was, or became, lightwitted, &c.]; but when [the dependence of] the verb became transferred [from the nfs] to the man, what followed the verb was put in the accus. case by being its objective complement, for the phrase became identical in meaning with nafosahu ↓ saf~aha [he made himself, or his mind, lightwitted, &c.]: so say the Basrees and Ks; and it is allowable with them to make this accus. to precede [the verb]; like as it is allowable to say, gulaAmahu Darab zayodN: (S, TA:) accord. to the K, the verb thus used has three forms; (TA;) you say safiha nafosahu and raA^oyahu, (K, TA,) and Hilomahu, (TA,) and safuha, and safaha, meaning Hamalahu EalaYAls~afahi [which is virtually the same as saf~ahahu i. e. he made himself, or his mind, lightwitted, or unwise, &c., and in like manner his judgment, or opinion, and he made his gravity, or forbearance, or the like, to become levity, or hastiness, &c.]: or he attributed safah [i. e. lightwittedness, &c., to himself, or his mind, and to his judgment, or opinion]: or he destroyed it; (K, TA;) agreeably with the meaning assigned to safiha nafosahu by AO: (TA:) or this means he held himself in mean, or light, estimation; (MA, and Ksh and Bd in ii. 124;) and rendered himself low, base, or contemptible: (Bd ibid.:) but Lh says that safiha nafosahu, with kesr [to the f], inf. n. safahN and safaAhapN and safaAhN, means Hamalahu EalaY Als~afahi [or HamalahaA], and is the approved form, and that some say safuha, which is rare: and accord. to J and others, (TA,) when they say sfh nafosahu, and raA^oyahu, they do not say it otherwise than with kesr [to the f], because faEula is not trans.: (S, TA:) so that the three forms of the verb mentioned in the K require consideration: (TA:) accord. to Fr, when [the dependence of] the verb in the phrase safiha nafosahu became transferred from the nfs to the possessor thereof, what followed the verb became an explicative, to indicate that the safah [or lightwittedness, &c.,] was therein; and by rule it should be safiha zayodN nafosFA, for the explicative should not be otherwise than indeterminate; but it was left in its state of a prefixed noun, and put in the accus. case in the manner of an indeterminate noun as being likened thereto; [the meaning, therefore, accord. to him, is he was, or became, lightwitted, &c., as to his mind;] it is not allowable, however, in his opinion, to make this accus. to precede [the verb], because the explicative may not precede; and similar to this is the phrase Diqotu bihi *aroEFA, and Tibotu bihi nafosFA, meaning DaAqa *aroEiYbihi and TaAbato nafosiY bihi: (S, TA:) but this saying [of Fr] is disallowed by the grammarians; for they say that explicatives are indeterminate, and that determinate nouns may not be used as indeterminate: some of the grammarians say that A_il~aAmano safiha nafosahu in the Kur [ii. 124] means Al~A mn safiha fiYnafosihi [but he who is lightwitted, &c., in his mind], i. e., who becomes safiyh; [the prep.] fY being suppressed [and the noun therefore put in the accus. case agreeably with a general rule]: Zj holds that the approvable saying is, that it means A_il~aA mano jahila nafosahu, i. e., but he who is [ignorant or silly or foolish or] unreflecting in his mind: and in like manner, safiha raA^oyahu means jahilahu [i. e. he was ignorant, &c., in his judgment, or opinion]; and his judgment, or opinion, was unsound, without rectitude: and safiha nafosahu signifies also he lost himself, or his own soul. (TA.) safiha AlHaq~a is likewise expl. as meaning AlHaq~a ↓ saf~aha [He made the truth, or right, to be foolishness, or the like]; and Yoo held the one to be a dial. var. of the other, and the measure of the former verb to denote intensiveness; and accord. to this explanation one may say, safihotu zayodFA meaning zayodFA ↓ saf~ahotu [I pronounced Zeyd lightwitted, &c.]: or the meaning is jahila AlHaq~a [he ignored the truth, or right], and he did not see it to be the truth, or right: (TA:) or he regarded the truth, or right, as foolishness, or ignorance. (S and TA in art. gmT.) See also 2. ― -b3- safiha Ealayohi signifies jahila [i. e., when thus trans. by means of EalaY, He feigned ignorance to him]; as also safuha, (K, TA,) and ↓ tsAfh. (K.) ― -b4- And safihotu naSiybiY [and it is implied in the K that one says safahotu nSybY also, but only the former is authorized by the TA,] I forgot my share, or portion. (Th, K, TA.) ― -b5- And safaha SaAHibahu, aor. , He overcame his companion in what is termed musaAfahap [inf. n. of 3, q. v.]. (K.) You say, ↓ saAfahahu fasafahahu. (TA.) ― -b6- safihati AlT~aEonapu, (JK, K, TA,) inf. n. safahN, (TA,) (tropical:) The spear-wound, or the like, emitted blood which came from it quickly (JK, K, TA) and dried up (wajaf~a [in the TK wixf]): (K, TA:) so in the A. (TA.) ― -b7- safiha Al$~araAba, (S, K,) inf. n. safahN, (TA,) He drank much of the beverage, or wine, without having his thirst satisfied thereby. (S, K, TA.) See also 3. And safiha AlmaA='a (tropical:) He drank the water immoderately. (TA.) ― -b8- And safihotu and safahotu signify $ugilotu, (so in the CK,) in [some of] the copies of the K $agalotu, but the right reading is $ugilotu [i. e. I was occupied, or busied, or diverted from a thing]: or, accord. to the copies of the K, ta$ag~alotu; but correctly, or $agalotu [i. e. I occupied, or busied, or diverted from a thing]. (TA.) see 5. ― -b2- [Hence,] sifihihu, inf. n. tasofiyhN, (S, Msb, K,) signifies jaEalahu safiyhFA [i. e. He, or it, made him to be, or he pronounced him to be, lightwitted, &c.]; as also ↓ safihahu; (K, TA;) on the authority of Akh and Yoo: (TA:) or he attributed to him what is termed safah [i. e. lightwittedness, &c.]: (S, Msb:) or he said to him that he was such as is termed safiyh. Msb.) And sf~h Aljaholu Hilomahu Ignorance made him light, inconstant, unsteady, irresolute, or fickle; syn. A^aTaA$ahu and A^axaf~ahu. (TA.) See also 1, in three places. , (S, MA, K,) inf. n. musaAfahapN, (S, KL,) He acted [in a lightwitted manner,] foolishly, or ignorantly, with him; (MA, KL;) showed lightness, levity, weakness of mind, and lack of Hilom [or gravity, &c.], with him. (KL.) You say, saAfahahu fasafahahu: see 1, near the end of the paragraph. [sAfhh in this instance may mean as above, or may have the meaning here next following.] ― -b2- He reviled him; or he reviled him, being reviled by him; syn. $aAtamahu: whence the prov., safiyhN lamo ↓ yajido musaAfihFA [A lightwitted person found not a reviler, or mutual reviler]; (K, TA;) mentioned in the S. (TA.) [See also 5.] ― -b3- sAfh Ald~an~a, (S, K,) or AlwaToba, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He sat with (qaAEada) the dn~ [or wine-jar], (S, K,) or the wTb [or milk-skin], (S,) and drank from it while after while. (S, K.) And sAfh Al$~araAba (tropical:) He exceeded the due bounds in respect of the beverage, or wine, drinking it without measure; (K, TA;) as also ↓ safihahu. (K.) And saAfahotu AlmaA='a (tropical:) I drank the water immoderately, (Lh, TA,) or without measure. (A, TA.) [See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.] ― -b4- And saAfahati Aln~aAqapu AlT~ariyqa (tropical:) The she-camel kept to the road, or way, (A, K, TA,) or took to it, (A, TA,) with a vehement pace: (A, K, TA:) or was light, or agile, in her pace, or going. (TA.) I found him to be safiyh [i. e. lightwitted, &c.]. (TA. [There said to be tropical; but I see not why.]) ― -b2- A^asofahaka A@ll~`h Al$~araAba (assumed tropical:) May God make thee to drink of the beverage, or wine, without having thy thirst satisfied thereby: or A^asofahahu A@ll~`hu God made him, or may God make him, to drink without having his thirst satisfied: (S, accord. to different copies:) or Asfh A@ll~`hu fulaAn~aA AlmaA='a God made, or may God make, such a one to drink much water. (TA.) The winds became in a state of commotion. (TA.) ― -b2- tsf~ht Alr~iyHu Al$~ajara, (S,) or AlguSuwna, (K, TA,) and Alr~iyHu ↓ saf~ahati AlguSuwna, (Ham p. 359,) The wind made the trees, (S,) or the branches, (K,) to bend, or incline: (S, K:) and put the branches in motion: (K, and Ham ubi suprà:) or ruffled, and put in motion, the branches. (TA. [There said to be tropical: but see what is said of the primary signification of safahN, below.]) ― -b3- [Hence,] it is said in a prov., furaArapN tasaf~ahato qaraArapF A lamb, or kid, made a sheep, or goat, to incline [to silly behaviour]: applied to the old whom the young incites to lightwittedness (Als~afah) and levity. (Meyd. [See also a similar prov. in Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 253.]) ― -b4- tsf~hhu Eano maAlihi He deluded him, or beguiled him, of his property. (S, K.) ― -b5- tsf~h Ealayohi He acted with safaAhap [i. e. lightwittedness, &c.], or foolishly, towards him. (MA.) ― -b6- And tasaf~ahotu Ealayohi signifies A^asomaEotuhu [as meaning I reviled him]. (S.) [See also 3.] : see 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph. ― -b2- [And tsAfhwA They behaved in a lightwitted, foolish, or ignorant, manner, one with another. See also 3, which has a similar meaning. ― -b3- And They reviled one another: as seems to be indicated in the TA. See also Har p. 522: and see, again, 3.] ― -b4- tasaAfahu A^a$odaAquhaA, in a verse of Khalaf Ibn-Is-hák El-Bahránee, [describing swift camels,] means Their sides of the mouth casting forth their foam, one at another: like the saying of El-Jarmee, tasaAfahu A^a$odaAquhaA biAll~ugaAmi [Their sides of the mouth casting forth the foam, one at another]. (TA. [tsAfh, there written without any syll. signs, is app. thus, (for tatasaAfahu,) not tusaAfihu.]) , (S, TA,) as also ↓ safaAhapN and ↓ safaAhN, (TA,) [all mentioned as inf. ns. in the first paragraph of this art.,] primarily signifies xif~apN [in its proper sense of Lightness], and motion, commotion, or agitation. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And hence (S, TA) the first, (S, K, TA,) like each of the others, (K, TA,) signifies [generally Lightwittedness, or the like;] the contr. of HilomN; (S, K, TA;) [i. e.] xif~apN [as meaning lightness or levity, inconstancy, unsteadiness, irresoluteness; or lightness or levity, &c., and hastiness; for, as is said in the TA in art. rjH, the contr. of HilomN is described by the terms xif~apN and EajalN, like as HilomN is described by the term viqalN]; and slenderness, shallowness, or weakness, of judgment; qualities which deficiency of intellect, or understanding, necessarily involves: (Bd in ii. 12, in explanation of safahN:) or xif~apu HilomK [i. e. slightness of gravity or staidness or sedateness or calmness &c.]: or jaholN [i. e. ignorance, or silliness or foolishness]: (K, TA:) all of which explanations are nearly alike: (TA:) or safahN is a deficiency in intellect or understanding: (Msb:) or a lightness, or levity, accidental to a man, arising from joy or anger, inducing him to act unreasonably and unlawfully. (KT.) : see the next preceding paragraph. [Having the quality termed safahN; i. e., accord. to the explanation of the primary signification of the latter, above, Light; and in a state of motion, commotion, or agitation:] applied to a camel's nose-rein, (S, K,) light: (S:) or quivering; (K, TA;) because of the she-camel's shaking it, and contending in pulling it. (TA: but there said to be, when thus applied, tropical.) Dhu-rRummeh says, EalaY Zahori miqolaAtK safiyhK jadiyluhaA i. e. [Upon the back of a she-camel that had brought forth but once and not conceived after,] whose nose-rein was light. (S. In the TA, zimaAmuhaA is here put in the place of jadiyluhaA.) And one says also naAqapN safiyhapu AlzimaAmi, (K, TA,) meaning [A she-camel whose nose-rein is light, or quivering: or] light, or agile, in pace or going. (TA: in which this, also, is said to be tropical.) ― -b2- Also Lightwitted; light of intellect or understanding; (TA;) deficient in intellect or understanding; (Msb;) ignorant; (Mujáhid, K, TA;) weak; foolish, stupid, unsound in intellect or understanding, dull therein, or having little, or no, intellect, or understanding; (Mujáhid, TA;) and ↓ saAfihN, also, [which is syn. with safiyhN in all the senses mentioned above,] is expl. by IAar as having this last meaning of foolish, stupid, &c.: (TA:) the fem. is safiyhapN: (Msb, K:) and the pl. of the masc., (K,) or of the masc. and fem., (Msb, TA,) is sufahaA='u, (Msb, K, TA,) and of both, sifaAhN, and of the fem., safiyhaAtN also and safaAy^ihu and suf~ahN. (K, TA.) In the Kur ii. 282, safiyhFA means, accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, Ignorant of the ordinances, or statutes; one who does not dictate well, and knows not what dictation is; for he who is ignorant in all his circumstances may not deal with another upon credit: accord. to ISd, ignorant or Sagiyr [meaning under the age of puberty]; not ignorant of dictating, as Lh asserts it to mean, because it is added, “ or not able to dictate, himself: ” this, says Er-Rághib, denotes safah in respect of worldly matters: in the Kur lxxii. 4, safiyhunaA denotes safah in religion. (TA.) In the Kur iv. 4, the pl. Als~ufahaA=' is said to mean Women, and young children; because they are ignorant of the proper object of expense: and I'Ab is related to have said that women are termed Als~uf~ahu and Als~ufahaA='u: (Lh, TA:) Az, also, says that a woman is termed safiyhapN because of the weakness of her intellect, and because she does not manage well her property; and in like manner are termed children as long as they are not known to be characterized by maturity of intellect, and rectitude of actions, and good management of affairs. (TA.) ― -b3- vawobN safiyhN (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, badly woven; thin, flimsy, unsubstantial, or scanty in the yarn. (K, * TA.) : see safahN. : see safyhN. ― -b2- Also, applied to a man, (assumed tropical:) Vehemently thirsty: and so saAhifN. (Az, TA.) (tropical:) A valley filled [with water]: (K, TA:) as though it exceeded the due bounds, and became such as is termed safiyh: imagined to be from A^sofahotuhu signifying “ I found him to be safiyh. ” (TA.) , (K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] musofihN,) as also masohafapN, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) Food that incites [in the CK yutoEibu is erroneously put for yaboEatu] to the drinking of much water. (IAar, * K, TA.) act. part. n. of 3, q. v. sfw and sfY , (S, M,) aor. yasofuw, inf. n. sufuw~u, (S, TA,) like Euluw~u, (TA,) or safowN, (so accord. to a copy of the M,) He was quick, or swift, in walking, or going, and in flying. (S, M.) -A2- safati Alr~iyHu Alt~urAba, (S, M, Mgh, K,) aor. tasofiy, (S, K,) inf. n. safoyN, (S, M,) The wind raised the dust, or made it to fly, and carried it away, or dispersed it; (S, Mgh, K;) and cast it: (Mgh:) or bore it, carried it, or carried it away; (M, K;) as also ↓ A^asofatohu, (K,) a dial. var. of weak authority, mentioned by Sgh on the authority of Fr; (TA;) [or it may be thus expl. by a mistake originating from the fact that] IAar mentions safati Alr~iyHu and A^sofato, [as syn.,] but [in a sense to be expl. hereafter,] not making either of them trans.: (M:) [and ↓ saAfati Alr~iyHu Alt~uraAba occurs in the M and L in art. snf:] and tasofiy bihi, relating to the wind and the dust, also occurs; the b being redundant, or added because the verb implies the meaning of ramat [which is trans. by means of bi]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And safati AlriyHu The wind blew; as also ↓ A^sofat. (IAar, TA.) And safato Ealayohi AlriyaAHu [The winds blew upon him, or it]. (Z, TA.) ― -b3- And safaY Alt~uraAbu, aor. yasofiY, [The dust, or earth, poured down,] the verb being intrans. as well as trans. (Ham p. 454. [It is there indicated that the meaning is AinohaAla.]) -A3- safiYa: see safFA, below. -A4- safiyato yaduhu His hand became much cracked, or chapped, (K, TA,) in consequence of. work. (TA.) -A5- And safiYa, [aor. yasofaY,] inf. n. safFA and safaA='N, He was, or became, lightwitted; or unwise, witless, or destitute of wisdom or understanding; i. q. safiha, inf. n. safahN and safaAhN; (M, K;) as also ↓ AsfY. (Az, K.) : see 1. -A2- sAfAhu, (S, K,) inf. n. musaAfaApN and sifaA='N, i. q. saAfahahu [He acted in a lightwitted manner, foolishly, or ignorantly, with him]. (S, K.) -A3- And He treated him medically, or curatively: (K:) from safaA='N. (TA. [But see sifaA='N, below.]) He took for himself a mule such as is termed safowaA=', i. e. quick [&c.]. (K.) -A2- A^sofato said of the wind, intrans. and trans.: see 1, in two places. -A3- AsfY said of corn, It became rough, or coarse, in the extremities [or awn] of its ears. (S, K.) ― -b2- Asft said of buhomaY [or barley-grass], It let fall its safaA [or prickles, or awn, or extremities]. (M, K.) ― -b3- And AsfY said of a man, He took the prickles [or awn or extremities] of the buhomaY [or barley-grass]. (TA.) -A4- Also, said of a man, He removed dust, or earth, (safFA, TA) from one place to another. (Az, K.) -A5- And Asft said of a she-camel, (tropical:) She became lean, or emaciated, (K,) so that she was like the safA [or prickles of barley-grass]. (TA.) -A6- See also 1, last sentence. -A7- AsfAhu It (an affair, or event, M) incited him (a man, K) to unsteadiness, and levity. (M, K.) ― -b2- And hence, perhaps, (M,) AsfY bihi He did evil or ill, or acted ill, to him, or with him, (M, K,) i. e., his companion. (M.) i. q. AiSoTarafahu, (Sgh, K,) i. e. He turned away his face. (TK.) Lightness, thinness, or scantiness, in the hair of the forelock, (S, M, Mgh, K,) of the horse, in which it is discommended, (S, * Z, Mgh,) and of the mule and ass, in both of which it is commended: (Z, Mgh:) or shortness, and scantiness, of the forelock: accord. to Th, it is ↓ safaA='N, with medd: which is metaphorically used by a poet as meaning scantiness in milk. (M.) [Accord. to the TK, the former is an inf. n., of which the verb is ↓ safiYa, said of a horse, as meaning He was, or became, light, thin, or scanty, in the forelock.] ― -b2- And, accord. to IAar, A whiteness [or a tinge thereof] in the hair [of a horse]: particularly said by him in one place to be such as is termed A^adoham, and such as is A^a$oqar. (M, in art. sfw.) -A2- Also, [but more properly written safFY, the last radical in this case being Yi,] Dust, or earth; (S, M, K;) and so ↓ saAfK: (TA:) or this is applied to earth, or dust, [as meaning pouring down,] from safaY Alt~uraAbu [expl. above]: (Ham p. 454:) the former signifies dust, or earth, though not raised and carried away, or dispersed, by the wind: or, accord. to the T, whatever is raised and carried away, or dispersed, by the wind: (TA:) accord. to IAar, dust, or earth, taken forth from a grave or a well: (M:) safaApN is a more special term, (S,) the n. un., (M,) safaApN mino turaAbK signifying a collection (kub~apN) of dust, or earth. (Ham p. 810.) -A3- Also Any kind of tree having prickles, or thorns: (K: [but this seems to have been erroneously taken from what here follows:]) the prickles [or awn or beard] of buhomaY [or barley-grass], (S, M,) and of the ears of corn, [of wheat or barley, (TA in art. xd$,)] and of anything having prickles: accord. to Th, the extremities of buhomaY: n. un. safaApN, as above. (M.) -A4- Also Leanness, or emaciation, (K, TA,) in consequence of disease. (TA.) -A5- It is also an inf. n. of safiYa as syn. with safiha, expl. above. (M, K.) : see the first sentence of the next preceding paragraph: it is expl. in the K [and also in the M] as signifying A stopping, stopping short, or ceasing, of the she-camel's milk: and ISd cites [in the M, after Th], from a poet, the phrase faY A^alobaAnihin~a safaA='u [ending a verse,] referring to [she-camels such as are termed] qalaAy^iS: but Az relates it differently, fiY A^alobAbihin~a with b [in the place of n]; saying that safaA='N means lightness, or levity, in anything; and ignorance; and that the phrase, as he cites it, means in whose faculties of understanding is lightness. (TA.) [See 1, last sentence: and] see also what next follows. , accord. to the K, signifies A medicine, or remedy: [see 3, last signification:] but this requires consideration; for it is said in the M, [↓ Als~afaA='u signifies unsteadiness, and levity; and IAar says,] Als~afaA='u from Als~afiY~u is like Al$~aqaA='u from Al$~aqiY~u. (TA.) Dust raised, or made to fly, and carried away, or dispersed, by the wind; (S, K;) and (K) so ↓ saAfK, (M, K,) i. q. ↓ masofiY~N; a possessive epithet, or of the measure faAEilN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN. (M. [See another explanation of saAf voce safFA, from the Hamáseh. Freytag explains both safiY~N and saAfK, as on the authority of the K, as epithets applied to the wind, not to the dust.]) ― -b2- Also Clouds; [app. as being driven by the wind;] syn. saHaAbN. (S.) -A2- And i. q. safiyhN [Lightwitted, &c.: see 1, last sentence]. (M, K.) [And it seems to be indicated in the S that ↓ saAfK is syn. with saAfihN, which is syn. with safiyhN.] : see musofK. : fem. saAfiyapN, pl. sawaAfK: see this last in the next paragraph: ― -b2- and for the first, see safFA: and safiY~N, first sentence. -A2- See also safiY~N again, last sentence. Dust, syn. gubaArN: (M, K:) or dust (turaAbN) and dry herbage or the like: (Ham p. 445:) or dust (turaAbN) with the wind: (M:) or wind that bears, or carries, or carries away, dust, (M, K, TA,) much, upon the surface of the earth, impelling it against men: (TA, and in like manner in the Ham ubi suprà:) and ↓ riyaAHN sawaAfK, (TA,) pl. of riyHN saAfiyapN, (Ham ubi suprà,) winds that raise the dust, or make it to fly, and carry it away, or disperse it: you say, laEibato bihi Als~awaAfaY [The winds raising the dust, &c., made sport with him, or it]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Also Tracks, or streaks, upon a pool put in motion by the wind: so says Freytag; but he names not any authority for this.] applied to a horse, (As, S, M, Mgh,) Light, thin, or scanty, in the hair of the forelock: (As, S, M, Mgh, K:) or short and scanty therein: fem. safowaA='u: (M:) [and accord. to some, it seems to be in like manner applied to a mule and an ass: (see safFA:)] one says farasN A^asofaY and bagolapN safowaA='u: (Mgh:) [or,] accord. to As, A^asofaY in the sense first expl. above is not applied to anything but a horse: applied to a mule, it means (assumed tropical:) quick, or swift: (S:) or bagolapN safowaA='u signifies (tropical:) a she-mule that is quick, or swift, (S, M, A, K, TA,) like the wind, (A, TA,) active, or light, (S,) of middling make, compact and strong in the back; (M, TA;) and in like manner safowaA='u is applied to a wild she-ass. (M.) ― -b2- Accord. to IAar, AlA^asofaY applied to the horse signifies Aal~a*iy tanoziEuhu $aEarapN bayoDaA='u [app. meaning Distinguished by some white hairs, though I find no authority for thus rendering the verb here used] whether he be bay or of some other colour: or having that whiteness of the hair which is termed safFA [expl. above], which is particularly said by him in one place to be in such as is termed A^adoham, and such as is A^a$oqar: and the fem. in this sense also is as above. (M.) ― -b3- One says also riyHN hawojaA='u, meaning (tropical:) A swift wind; like as one says musofK. (TA.) [and, accord. to Golius, ↓ saf~aA='N, mentioned by him as on the authority of the K, in which, however, I do not find it, nor did Freytag,] A calumniator, or slanderer. (K.) : see safiY~N. sqb , aor. , inf. n. saqabN, He, or it, was, or became, near. (Msb.) saqabN is syn. with qurobN. (S, A, K.) You say, saqibato daAruhu, (S, and so in the K accord. to the TA,) with kesr [to the q], (S,) [inf. n. as above;] or saqabat, (so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K and in my copy of the Mgh,) inf. n. saqobN, (so in my copy of the Mgh,) or suquwbN; (K;) [but I believe the verb to be correctly saqibat, like its syn. Saqibat, and the inf. n. to be correctly saqabN, and perhaps suquwbN also;] His house was near; (S, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ A^asoqabat. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., AljaAru A^aHaq~u bisaqabihi, meaning [The neighbour has a better, or the best, claim to pre-emption] by reason of his being near: (S, * A, Msb:) or the b is a connective of AHq~ with its complement, (Mgh, Msb,) not to denote a cause, (Mgh,) and bisaqabihi is expl. as meaning biAl$~ufoEapi; (Mgh, Msb;) i. e. the neighbour has a better, or the best, claim to Al$~ufoEap [or pre-emption], when his house is contiguous: (Mgh:) IAth says that it is adduced as an evidence that Al$~ufoEap belongs to the neighbour though not a sharer; i. e., that he has a better claim thereto than one who is not a neighbour: but some explain AljAr as meaning the partner, or sharer: or the meaning of the trad. may be, the neighbour has a better, or the best, claim to kindness and assistance because of his being near. (L, TA. [See also another reading (biSaqabihi), and explanations thereof, in art. Sqb.]) He made him, or it, to be near: (K:) or Asqb daArahu he made his house to be near. (S.) [And so with S.] -A2- See also the paragraph above. -A3- A^asoqabato is also said of a she-camel, meaning She brought forth mostly males. (A, * TA.) [And Asqb He got, or got mostly, male offspring.] In the following saying, (S, TA,) of Ru-beh, describing the two parents of a man eulogized [by him], (TA,) wakaAnati AlEirosu Al~~atiY tanax~abaA lifaHolK A^asoqabaA ↓ gar~aA='a misoqaAbFA [And the wife whom he chose was generous, or noble, or fair, one that brought forth, or brought forth mostly, male offspring, to a male that begot, or begot mostly, such offspring,] the last word is a verb, in the pret. tense, not an epithet applied to fHl. (S, * TA. [In the former, only the second hemistich is cited.]) was probably used as meaning Their tents, or houses, were near together: see the part. n. of this verb below.] The young one of a camel: or, when just brought forth: (K:) or only the male young one of a camel: (S, K:) [see also SaqobN:] when a she-camel has brought forth her young one, the latter, when just born, is called saliylN, before it is known whether it is a male or a female; but when it is known, if it is a male, it is called saqobN: (As, TA:) the female is not called saqobapN, (S, K,) but HaAy^ilN: (S:) or it is [sometimes] called by the former of these appellations: (K:) [see De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., ii. 358: and see saqobapN below:] the pl. is A^asoqubN [a pl. of pauc.] and siqaAbN and suquwbN and suqobaAnN. (K.) A^a*al~u mina Als~uqobaAni bayona AlHalaAy^ibi [More vile than the male young ones of camels among the milch camels] is a prov. [from a verse of Keys Ibn-El-Khateem]. (TA.) ― -b2- Tall: (K: [see also sakobN:]) or anything tall, together with plumpness; or fatness, softness, thinness of the skin, and plumpness. (S. [See also SaqobN.]) Applied to a branch, Juicy, thick, and long: (Az, TA: [and so SaqobN:]) or anything of the like kind full and complete. (ADk, TA.) In the following verse, cited by Sb, wasaAqiyayoni mivola zayodK wajuEalo saqobaAni mamo$uwqaAni makonuwzaA AlEaDalo saqobaAni signifies TawiylaAni [tall], and is also written SaqobaAni: (Sh, TA:) [so that the meaning may be, And two waterers, or givers of drink, like Zeyd and Jo'al: they being two tall persons, light of flesh, compact in the muscles: I suppose humaA to be understood before the latter hemistich; because of the ns. in the nom. case: and I have substituted makonuwzaA for manokuwzaA, the reading in the TA, doubtless a mistranscription:] or it is for mivola saqobayoni [meaning like two male young ones of camels]. (L, TA.) ― -b3- And The pole of a [tent such as is called] xibaA='; (S, K;) as also ↓ saqiybahN: and so SaqabN: (S:) pl. of the first siqobaAnN. (K.) inf. n. of saqiba [q. v.]. (Msb.) -A2- See also saAqibN, in three places. The female foal of a wild ass. (S, K, * TA.) ― -b2- [See also saqobN, of which, in the first of the senses assigned to it above, it is said by some to be the fem.] A bit of cotton which a woman afflicted (K, TA) by the death of her husband, in the Time of Ignorance, after shaving her head, and scratching her face, (TA,) used to make red with her blood, (K, TA,) i. e. her own blood, (TA,) and put upon her head, making its extremity to protrude from a hole, or rent, of her qinaAEi [or head-covering], in order that people might know her to be so afflicted. (K, * TA.) a pl. of saqobN [q. v.]. (K.) ― -b2- Also The hind legs of camels: (IAar, K:) pronounced also with S. (IAar, TA in art. Sqb.) : see saAqibN. : see saqobN, last sentence. ― -b2- Also A baker's kneading-board: or his rolling-pin. (MA.) [in the CK vAqb] Near; (A, Msb, K;) and likewise with S; (A;) as also ↓ saqytN (Msb) and ↓ saqabN, [likewise pronounced with S,] (Mgh, K, * TA,) for *uw saqabK, or it may be an inf. n. used as a subst. or an epithet, (Mgh,) and ↓ musoqibN. (K, * TA.) You say makaAnN saAqibN A near place: (A:) and ↓ manozilN saqabN and ↓ musoqibN a near place of alighting or abode: (K, * TA:) and mino daArihi ↓ daAriYsaqabN My house is near his house. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also Distant: (Msb, K:) this meaning is mentioned by some, as well as the former: (Msb:) thus it has two contr. meanings: (K:) the latter of these is mentioned in the Mj; and the following verse is cited as a proof thereof; tarakota A^abaAka biA^aroDi AlHijaAzi waruHota A_ilaY baladK saAqibi [Thou leftest thy father in the land of El-Hijáz, and wentest to a distant country]. (MF, TA.) A man tall and slender. (Suh, TA.) or A^aSoqabu, occurring in a trad., accord. to different relaters, Nearer [and nearest]. (TA in art. Sqb.) : see saAqibN, in two places. The dam of a saqob [q. v.]; as also ↓ masoqaAbN: (K:) [or] the latter signifies a she-camel that usually brings forth males. (S.) : see what next precedes: and see a verse cited above, conj. 4. Their tents, or houses, are near together. (K.) sqr , (S,) aor. , inf. n. saqorN, (TA,) The sun scorched, or burned, him, altering the colour of his complexion and shin, (S, * TA,) and pained him, or pained his brain by its heat: (TA:) melted and heated him, or it. (TA.) And saqaratohu Aln~aAru The fire altered the colour of his skin; or scorched his skin, and altered its colour; as also Saqaratohu. (Bd in liv. 48.) The heat, and hurtful action, of the sun. (K.) Hell: (S, K:) one of the [proper] names thereof: (S:) Aboo-Bekr says, There are two opinions respecting this word: some say, that the fire of the world to come is thus called, and that the derivation of the word is unknown, and that it is imperfectly decl. because it is determinate and a foreign word: others say that it is from saqaratohu Al$~amosu, because it melts the bodies and souls, and that it is an Arabic word; and he who holds it to be such says that it is imperfectly decl. because it is determinate and of the fem. gender. (TA.) The vehemence of the stroke of the sun. (S.) A day vehemently hot. (S in this art., and K in art. smqr.) This is its proper place. (TA.) sqrqE , an arabicized word from sukurokah, (S, K,) [or sukuroGaho, so written in Persian,] A certain beverage, (O, K,) the wine of the Abyssinians, (S,) made from *urap [or millet]: (S, K:) or a certain beverage of the people of El-Hijáz, from barley and [other] grains; to which they have become addicted: (Lth, K:) Lth says, (TA,) it is an Abyssinian word, (K, TA,) not of the language of the Arabs, because (TA) there is not in the language a quinqueliteral-radical word having damm to the first syllable and fet-h to the last, (K, TA,) except such as is reduplicative, like *uraHoraHN. (TA.) [See also sukurokapN, and mizorN, and gubayoraA='u.] sqT , (S, M, &c.,) aor. , (M, MS,) inf. n. suquwTN (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and masoqaTN, (S, K,) It fell; fell down; dropped; dropped down; tumbled down; (M, Mgh, Msb, K;) upon the ground; (Mgh;) or from a higher to a lower place; (Msb;) namely, a thing from the hand; (S;) or from a high place, as a roof of a house; and from a low place, as when said of a person in an erect posture; (B;) also said of a building; (TA in art. hwr;) and of a jurof [q. v.]: (Msb and TA in that art.:) [and often used by anatomists and physicians, as meaning it delapsed; it slipped, or fell, down:] and ↓ Ais~aAqaTa [originally tasaAqaTa] signifies the same; (K;) as in the phrase in the Kur [xix. 25], tas~aAqaTo Ealayoki ruTabFA janiy~FA, or yas~aAqaTo, accord. to different readings, It, namely the palm-tree (naxolap) accord. to the former reading, and the trunk (ji*oE) accord. to the latter reading, shall drop upon thee with fresh ripe dates, plucked; rTbA jny~A being transferred from its proper place, and used as a specificative; the meaning being, yas~aAqaTo ruTabu Alji*oEi: so says Fr. (Az, TA.) [This phrase of the Kur, with the above-mentioned explanation, but less fully given, occurs in a copy of the S which, throughout this art., differs much from other copies.] You say also, saqaTa fulaAnN mago$iy~FA Ealayohi [Such a one fell down in a swoon]. (TA.) And mano naAzaEa A^aTowala minohu saqaTa Al$~agozabiy~apa [He who contends with one taller than himself falls by the trick which consists in one's twisting his leg with the leg of the other]. (TA.) ― -b2- saqaTa Alwaladu mino baToni A^umihi, (Kh, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. suquwTN, (Msb,) The child, or fœtus, came forth [or fell] from the belly of its mother (Msb, K) abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (Msb,) or dead, (A,) but having the form developed, or manifest: (Msb:) you do not say waqaEa (Kh, S, Msb, K) unless the child is born alive. (A, TA.) ― -b3- suqiTa fiYyadihi, and fY ↓ A^usoqiTa ydh, (Fr, Zj, S, M, K,) but the former is more common, and better, (Fr,) the latter allowed by Akh, but disallowed by AA and by Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà [i. e. Th], (S,) [lit. There was a falling, and there was a making to fall, upon his hand; i. e., of his hand upon his hand, or of his teeth upon his hand, by reason of repentance, and grief, or regret; meaning] (tropical:) he repented, (Fr, Zj, S, M, K,) of what he had done; and grieved for, or regretted, an act of inadvertence; (Zj, M;) or, and became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: (O, K:) or both signify, (TA,) or signify also, (K,) or the former signifies also, (M,) he slipped; fell into an error, or a fault; committed a mistake. (M, K.) Hence the saying in the Kur [vii. 148], walam~aA suqiTa fiY A^ayodiyhimo (tropical:) And when they repented: (S:) or struck their hands upon their hands, by reason of repentance; accord. to AAF: (M:) or repented greatly; because he who repents, and grieves, or regrets, bites his hand in sorrow, so that his hand is fallen upon [by his teeth]: (Bd:) the phrase was not known to the Arabs before the time of the Kur-án: (O:) it has also been read saqaTa fY Aydyhm, (Akh, S, M,) as though Aln~adamu were understood; (Akh, S;) i. e. saqaTa Aln~adamu; like as you say, qado HaSala fiY yadihi mino h`*aA makoruwhN, likening what comes into the heart, and into the mind, to what comes into the hand, and is seen with the eye: (M, TA:) and this, as well as the former, is tropical. (TA.) ― -b4- saqaTa Alqamaru (tropical:) The moon set: and in like manner Aln~ajomu [the star, or asterism; generally meaning the Pleiades; and when this is the case, the phrase in most instances means the Pleiades set at dawn: see masoqTN]. (Mgh, TA.) ― -b5- saqaTa Alr~ajulu (tropical:) The man died. (TA.) ― -b6- [And (assumed tropical:) The man tottered by reason of age.] You say of an old man, saqaTa mina Alkibari (assumed tropical:) [He tottered by reason of age]. (S in art. drhm.) ― -b7- saqaTa A_ilaY~a Alqawomu, (M, K,) inf. n. suquwTN, (TA,) (tropical:) The people, or company of men, alighted at my abode: (M, K, TA:) they came to me. (TA.) saqaTa A_ilaY jiyraAnK lahu, occurring in a trad., means (tropical:) He came to some neighbours of his, and they gave him refuge, and protected him. (M, TA.) And it is said in a postclassical prov., HayovumaA saqaTa laqaTa [Wherever he alights he picks up something]: applied to him who practises evasions, shifts, artifices, or the like. (Meyd, and Har p. 660.) ― -b8- saqaTa EalaY DaAl~atihi (tropical:) He stumbled upon, lighted on, or became acquainted with, the place of his stray, or lost, beast; he lighted on his stray, or lost, beast. (TA.) Mohammad said to El-Hárith Ibn-Hassán, on the latter's asking him respecting a thing, EalaY Alxabiyri saqaTota (tropical:) On the possessor of knowledge thou hast lighted: and this is a prov. current among the Arabs. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., saqaTa AlEa$aA='u bihi EalaY siroHaAni (assumed tropical:) [The evening-meal, or supper, (i. e. the seeking for it,) made him to fall, or light, upon a wolf: or srHAn, as is said in a copy of the S, is here the name of a certain man: see also art. srH]: applied to him who seeks an object of desire, and falls into a thing that destroys him. (TA.) ― -b9- saqaTa also signifies He descended [from the place which he occupied], and his place became vacant. (TA.) And you say, saqaTa fulaAnN mino manozilatihi (tropical:) [Such a one fell from his honourable station]. (TA.) And saqaTa fulaAnN mino EayoniY (tropical:) [Such a one fell from the place which he held in my regard]. (TA.) saqaATapN, as an inf. n., meaning (assumed tropical:) The being ignoble in respect of the deeds or qualities of one's ancestors, and of oneself, [as though its verb were saquTa,] is a mistake, although it has been used, for the purpose of assimilation, coupled with waqaAHapN. (Mgh.) ― -b10- [Also, (assumed tropical:) He dropped off; fell behind: he, or it, remained behind, or in the rear. See saAqiTN.] ― -b11- saqaTa Eani AlT~ariyqi (assumed tropical:) [He deviated from the road]. (IAar, TA in art. fjr.) ― -b12- saqaTa fiY kalaAmihi, (M, K,) and bikalaAmihi, (TA,) inf. n. suquwTN; (M, TA;) and fY klAmh ↓ A^asoqaTa; (S, TA;) (tropical:) He committed a mistake in his speech. (M, K, TA.) And takal~ama famaA saqaTa bikalimapK, (M, TA,) and kalimapF ↓ maA A^asoqaTa, and fiY kalimapK ↓ maAA^asoqaTa, (M, K,) (tropical:) He spoke, and did not commit a mistake in a word. (M, K, TA.) And takal~ama bikalaAmK famaA saqaTa biHarofK, and HarofFA ↓ maA A^asoqaTa, [held by him on whose authority it is mentioned to mean (assumed tropical:) He spoke speech, and did not drop a letter, or a word; for this is] said by Yaakoob to be like daxalotu bihi and A^adoxalotuha, &c. (S.) ― -b13- saqaTa *ikoruhu (assumed tropical:) [The mention of him, or it, was, or became, dropped, left out, or omitted]. (TA, passim.) And saqaTa Alr~ajulu (tropical:) The man's name fell out, or became dropped, from the register of soldiers or pensioners. (TA.) ― -b14- saqaTato quw~atuhu duwna buluwgi AlA^mori [His power fell short of the attainment or accomplishment, of the affair.] (TA in art. *rE.) ― -b15- [saqaTa, inf. n. suquwTN, likewise signifies (assumed tropical:) It (a claim or demand, a due, an argument or a plea, a condition, a law, a command or prohibition, a gift, a reward, a punishment, a good action, a sin, &c.,) became null, annulled, void, of no force, or of no account; as though it fell to the ground, or became dropped; whence saqaTa Hukomuhu, by which phrase baTala, q. v., is expl. in the Msb.] You say, saqaTa AlfaroDu (assumed tropical:) [The assigned, or appointed, gift, or soldier's stipend or pay, became annulled], meaning saqaTa Talabuhu waAlA^amoru bihi (assumed tropical:) [the demand for it and the order for it became dropped]. (Msb.) And A_i*aASaH~ati Almawad~apu saqaTatN $uruwTu AlA^adabi wa Alt~akoliyfi (assumed tropical:) [When love, or affection, is free from imperfection, the conditions of politeness and constraint become annulled]. (TA.) And saqaTato xaTaAyaAhu (assumed tropical:) His sins fell [from him]; went away; or departed. (TA in art. xr.) ― -b16- saqaTa AlHar~u, (M, K,) aor. , inf. n. suquwTN, (M,) (tropical:) The heat fell [like as one says of rain]; (M, K;) it befell; (TA;) it came. (K.) But saqaTa Ean~aA AlHar~a (assumed tropical:) The heat left us or quitted us: (IAar, M, K:) as though the verb had two contr. significations. (M, K. *) ― -b17- saqaTa AlHadiyvu minoka A_ilayohi waminohu A_ilayoka (tropical:) [Discourse fell from thee to him, and from him to thee]: (M:) or saqaTa mino kulK EalaY AlA~xari (tropical:) [it fell from each to the other]. (K.) , (S, M, K,) inf. n. musaAqaTapN and siqaATN, (M, K,) i. q. ↓ A^asoqaTahu [q. v.]: (K:) or he made it to fall, fall down, drop, drop down, or tumble down, in consecutive portions or quantities; syn. taAbaEa A_isoqaATahu [in the CK AasoqATahu]: (M, K:) or it has both of these significations. (So in the L, and in some copies of the S; but in one copy of the S, the former only is mentioned.) A poet says, (S, M,) namely Dábi Ibn-El-Hárith ElBurjumee, (TA,) describing a [wild] bull and the dogs, (S,) yusaAqiTu Eanohu rawoquhu DaAri yaAtihaA siqaATa Hadiydi Alqayoni A^axowala A^axowalaA [His horn makes to fall consecutively from him those of them that were trained for hunting, as the iron of the blacksmith makes sparks to fall consecutively, scattered about]. (S, M.) ― -b2- sAqT Alxayola (tropical:) He (a horse) outstripped the [other] horses: (TA:) [as though he made them to drop behind him, one after another.] ― -b3- sAqThu AlHadiyva, (M, K,) inf. n. siqaATN (S, M, A) and musaAqaTapN, (TA,) (tropical:) [He discoursed with him alternately;] discourse fell (saqaTa) from each of them to the other, (M, K,) so as that one discoursed, and the other listened to him, and when he became silent, he who had been silent discoursed: (S, K:) or he discoursed to him telling him thing after thing. (A, TA.) ― -b4- kaAna yusaAqiTu *`lika Eano rasuwli A@ll~`hi (assumed tropical:) He used to relate that from the Apostle of God amid his discourse; as though he mixed his discourse therewith. (TA, from a trad.) -A2- sAqT Alfarasu AlEadowa, (M, K,) inf. n. siqaATN, (S, M, K,) (tropical:) The horse came [running] in a slack, or languid, manner: (S, * M, K, TA:) or siqaATN in a horse is the incessantly having the foot wounded and made to bleed by stones, or hurt thereby. (A, TA.) You say also farasN ray~vu AlsiqaATi (assumed tropical:) A horse slow in running. (TA.) ― -b2- sAqT Alr~ajulu, inf. n. siqaATN, (tropical:) The man failed of attaining to the condition of the generous, or noble. (TA.) He made it to fall, fall down, drop, drop down, or tumble down; threw it down; dropped it; let it fall; (S, * M, Mgh, Msb;) upon the ground; (Mgh;) or from a higher to a lower place. (Msb.) See also 3, first sentence. ― -b2- A^asoqaTatN, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) or AsqTt waladahaA, (M, K,) or the latter is wrong, (MF,) for the Arabs disused, as some say, the objective complement after this verb, scarcely, or never, saying A^asoqaTato siqoTFA, nor do they say, A^usoqiTa Alwaladu, (Msb, MF,) or the lawyers use these last two phrases, but they are not Arabic, (Mgh,) or a phrase like the last, i. e. A^usoqiTati AlA^ajin~apu, occurs in an Arabic verse, (TA,) She (a pregnant female, Mgh, Msb, or a woman, M, B, and so in a copy of the S, or a camel or other animal, as in some copies of the S and in the O, or, accord. to El- Kálee, only said of a woman, like as AjhDt is only said of a she-camel, TA,) cast her young one, or fœtus or her young; brought forth her young one, or fœtus, or her young, abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (S, * M, Msb, K, B,) or dead, (Mgh,) but having the form developed, or manifest. (Mgh, Msb.) ― -b3- A^usoqiTi fiY yadihi: see 1. ― -b4- AsqThu Als~uloTaAnu (tropical:) [The Sultán made him to fall, or degraded him, mino manozilatihi from his honourable station]. (TA.) ― -b5- [AsqT also signifies (assumed tropical:) He dropped, left out, or omitted, a letter of a word, a word of a phrase, &c.] You say, AsqT HarofFA, and kalimapK, and fiY kalimapK, and fiYkalaAmihi: see 1. And AsqT AlfaAriDu A@somahu (tropical:) The appointer, or registrar, of the stipends of soldiers or pensioners dropped, left out, or omitted, his name. (TA.) ― -b6- [Also (assumed tropical:) He, or it, annulled; made, or rendered, null, void, of no force, or of no account; he rejected; said in relation to a claim or demand, a due, an argument or a plea, a condition, a law, a command or prohibition, a gift, a reward, a punishment, a good action, a sin, &c.; of any of these you say, AsqThu, and AsqT Hukomahu: see an ex. voce hadara: and see 1, near the end of the paragraph. Hence,] AsqT mina Alv~amani ka*aA (assumed tropical:) He abated of the price so much; syn. HaT~a. (Mgh and Msb in art. HT.) ― -b7- AsqThu is erroneously put in the K, in one instance, for AstsqThu. (TA.) See 5. -A2- A^asoqaTuwA lahu biAlkalaAmi (tropical:) They reviled him with evil speech. (TA.) (tropical:) He sought his mistake, or error: (S, K, TA:) (tropical:) he strove, or laboured, to make him commit a mistake, or an error; or to make him lie; or to make him reveal what he had to tell; (M, K, TA;) as also ↓ AstsqThu; (M, TA;) in the copies of the K, ↓ A^asoqaTahu, which is a mistake. (TA.) ― -b2- tsq~T Alxabara (tropical:) He took, or received, the news, or information, by little and little; (K, TA;) thing after thing: mentioned by Aboo-Turáb, on the authority of Abu-l-Mikdám EsSulamee. (TA.) : see its variation Ais~aAqaTa in 1; first sentence. ― -b2- It fell in consecutive portions or quantities [like the leaves of a tree, &c.; by degrees; gradually]. (M, K.) A poet says, kanajomi Alv~uray~aA waA^amoTaArihaA wayawomK tasaAqaTu la*~aAtuhu i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Many a day] of which the pleasures come one thing after another; [such a day being like the asterism of the Pleiades, and the pleasures thereof like its rains;] meaning the abounding of its pleasures. (TA.) And you say, tasaAqaTa A_ilaY~a xayoru fulaAnK (tropical:) [The wealth of such a one fell, or came, to me, one thing after another]. (TA.) ― -b3- tsAqT EalaY Al$~aYN'i He threw himself upon the thing. (S.) You say, tsAqT EalaY Alr~ajuli yaqiyh binafosihi [He threw himself upon the man, protecting him with his own person]. (TA.) see 5. : see siqoTN, in three places: -A2- and saqiyTN, in two places: ― -b2- and saAqiTN: ― -b3- and saqoTapN. : see siqoTN, in three places. and ↓ suqoTN and ↓ saqoTN A child, or young one, or fœtus, that falls from the belly of the mother abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (S, M, Msb, K,) or dead, (Mgh,) but having the form developed, or manifest; (Mgh, Msb;) for otherwise it is not so called; (Mgh;) whether male or female: (Msb, TA:) the first of these three forms is the most common: and the pl. is A^asoqaATN. (TA.) The reward which a father will receive for such offspring is [held to be] more than that for adult offspring. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (M, B, TA,) the same three words, (K,) or siqoTu Aln~aAri and ↓ suqoTuhaA and ↓ saqoTuhaA, (S, M, Msb,) (tropical:) What falls, (S, M, Msb, K,) of fire, (S,) from the zanod, (Msb,) or between the zanodaAni, (M, K,) when one produces fire, (S,) or before the emission of the fire is thoroughly effected: (M, K:) masc. and fem. (Fr, S, K.) ― -b3- Also siqoTu ramolK and ↓ suqoTuhu and ↓ saqoTuhu (S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ masoqaTuhu (M, K) and ↓ masoqiTuhu (M, TA) [The fall, or slope, of a tract, or quantity, of sand;] the place where sand [falls, or slopes, and] ends: (S:) or the place to which the extremity of sand extends: (Msb:) or the place where the main portion of sand ends, and where it [falls, or slopes, and] becomes thin; (M, K;) for it is [derived] from suquwTN [inf. n. of 1]. (M.) ― -b4- Also siqoTN (tropical:) The edge, or extremity, of a cloud: (M, K:) or the part of a cloud where the edge, or extremity, is seen as though it were falling upon the earth, in the horizon. (S.) ― -b5- And hence, or from the same word as used in relation to sand, (TA,) (tropical:) The similar part of a [tent of the kind called] xibaA=': (S:) or the lowest strip of cloth, that is next the ground, on either side of a xbA=': (A, TA:) or the side of a xbA=': (K:) or [each of] the two sides thereof. (M.) ― -b6- Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ siqaATN and ↓ masoqaTN, (M, K,) (tropical:) The wing; (K;) each of the two wings; (S, M;) of a bird; (M, K;) or of a male ostrich. (S.) And siqoTu janaAHi AlT~aAy^iri (tropical:) The part of the wing of the bird which it drags upon the ground. (S, TA.) ― -b7- [And hence,] siqoTaA All~ayoli (tropical:) The two sides of the darkness of night; (TA;) the beginning and end thereof; (S, TA;) as also ↓ siqaATaAhu: (TA:) whence the saying of the poet, (S, TA,) namely Er-Rá'ee, (TA,) Hat~aY A_i*aAmaA A^aDaA='aAlS~uboHu wa A^anobaEavato Eanohu naEaAmapu *iY siqoTayoni muEotakiri (tropical:) [Until, when the dawn shone, and the blackness of confused night became dispelled from it]: he means by nEAmp the “ blackness ” of night: he says that the night, having its beginning and end, passed, and the dawn shone clearly. (S, TA.) What is made to fall, thrown down, or dropped, of, or from, a thing, (M, K,) and held in mean estimation: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ suqaATapN the refuse of anything; (IDrd;) or what falls, of, or from, a thing, (M, K,) and is held in mean estimation; (TA;) as also ↓ suqaATN; (K;) or, accord. to some, this last is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], and ↓ suqaATahN is its sing. [or n. un.]; and suqaATaAtN is also a pl. of this last. (TA.) [Hence,] saqaTu AlT~aEaAmi (tropical:) What is worthless, of food: (M, K: *) or what falls from, or of, food: (M:) and [in like manner] ↓ suqaATapN and ↓ suqaATN refuse that falls, and is held in mean estimation, of, or from, food and beverage and the like: (TA:) the pl. of saqaTN is A^asoqaATN. (K.) And saqaTu AlmataAEi (tropical:) What is worthless, paltry, mean, vile, or held in little account, of the furniture or utensils of a house or tent, or of household goods: (S, Msb, K:) or the refuse thereof; (Mgh;) and so AlmataAEi ↓ suqaATapu: (TA:) and saqaTu Albayoti signifies the same; (M;) or such articles of the tent or house as the needle and the axe and the cookingpot and the like: (Lth:) pl. as above. (M.) And hence, A=asoqaATu Aln~aAsi (q. v. infrà, as also saqaTu Aln~aAsi, voce saAqiTN). (Lh, M.) saqaTN also signifies (assumed tropical:) Things of which the sale is held in mean estimation; such as the seeds that are used in cooking, for seasoning food; and the like; (M, TA;) or such as sugar and raisins. (A, TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) The parts of a slaughtered beast that are held in mean estimation; such as the legs and the stomach and the liver, and the like of these: pl. as above. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) A mistake, or an error, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) in speech, (M, Msb, K,) in reckoning, (S, M, K,) in writing, (S, M, Mgh, K,) and in action; (Msb;) as also ↓ siqaATN. (M, K.) [See also ↓ saqoTapN.] ― -b3- (tropical:) A disgraceful; or shameful, thing; a vice, or fault, or the like. (M, K, TA.) ― -b4- saqaTu AlkalaAmi (tropical:) Evil speech. (TA.) [A fall: or] a violent fall. (M, TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) A slip, lapse, fault, or wrong action; as also ↓ siqaATN; (S, K;) and ↓ saqoTN; which last is also used in a pl. sense: (TA:) or the second (sqAT) is pl. of saqoTapN: (Msb, K:) as sing., it is an inf. n. of saAqaTa: (TA:) and saqoTapN also signifies a bad word or saying, that swerves from rectitude: (TA in art. Ewr:) its pl., or one of its pls., is saqaTaAtN. (TA.) You say, laAyaxoluw A^aHadN mino saqoTapK (tropical:) [No one will be free from a slip]. (TA.) And AlkaAmilu mano Eud~ato saqaTaAtuhu (tropical:) [The perfect is he whose slips are so few that they may be counted]. (TA.) (Mgh, K) and ↓ saq~aATN, (S, Mgh, K,) the latter disallowed by some, (Mgh, TA,) but occurring in a trad., (S, Mgh, TA,) A seller of what is worthless, or mean, or vile, of the furniture or utensils of a house or tent, or of household goods; (S, K;) or of the refuse thereof; (Mgh;) of what are termed saqaTu AlmataAEi: (S, Mgh, K:) those who disallow the latter epithet term such a person SaAHibu saqaTi: (TA:) or ↓ the latter epithet signifies a seller of things of which the sale is held in mean estimation; such as the seeds that are used in cooking, for seasoning food; and the like; which are termed saqaTN. (M.) [See also A^asoqaATiY~N.] : see saq~aATN. : see saqaTN, in two places. What falls from palm-trees, of unripe dates: (K:) or such are termed siqaATu Aln~axoli: (M:) sqAT, thus used, may be a sing., or pl. of saAqiTN [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) Dates that are brought from El-Yemámeh by those who journey thither to procure them. (M, K.) ― -b3- See also saqoTapN: and saqaTN, near the end of the paragraph: ― -b4- and see siqoTN, in two places, near the end of the paragraph. : see saAqiTN. Hoar-frost, or rime; i. e. dew that falls and congeals upon the ground; (S, M, K;) also called jaliydN and DariybN; (S in art. jld;) of the dial. of Teiyi. (M.) ― -b2- Snow; (S, TA;) as also ↓ saqoTN. (K, TA.) ― -b3- Hail: (K:) or this is called saqiyTu Als~aHaAbi. (M, TA.) ― -b4- What falls, or has fallen, of dew, (M, K, TA,) upon the ground; (M, TA;) as also ↓ saqoTN. (K, TA.) ― -b5- dur~NsaqiyTN Scattered pearls. (TA.) And waraqN siqaATN [Scattered leaves]: the latter word is pl. of saqiyTN, like as TiwaAlN is pl. of TawiylN. (TA.) ― -b6- See also saAqiTN. -A2- A whelp; syn. jirowN. (TA.) -A3- It is also said by some to signify Baked pottery; but the correct word in this sense is with $. (TA.) : see saqaTN, in four places. : see saAqiTN, in two places. (S, Sgh, L, K) and ↓ saqaATN, (K,) or saq~aATN waraA='a AlD~ariybapi, (M,) A sword that falls behind the object struck therewith, cutting it so as to pass to the ground: (S, K:) or that cuts the object struck therewith, and then reaches to what is after it: (M, K:) or that cleaves so as to reach to the ground after cutting: (IAar, M:) or that passes through the object struck therewith, and then falls. (Expos. of the Deewán of the Hudhalees.) -A2- See saqaTiY~N, in two places. i. q. Hab~u AlEaziyzi [The small tubercles that compose the root of the cyperus esculentus: or that plant itself]. (TA.) [A door-latch;] a thing that is put over the upper part of a door, and that falls upon it, so that it becomes fastened. (TA.) Falling; falling down; dropping; dropping down; tumbling down; as also ↓ saquwTN; (M, K;) which latter is both masc. and fem. (M, TA.) ― -b2- ↓ saAqiTapN [its fem., as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] A fruit that falls before maturity: pl. sawaAqiTu: which also signifies what falls from palm-trees: or branches that fall; not fruits. (Mgh.) ― -b3- huwa saAqiTN fiY yadihi: see masoquwTN. ― -b4- laAqiTapN ↓ likul~i saAqiTapK (tropical:) For every saying that falls from one, there is a person who will take it up: (Msb:) or for every word that falls from the mouth of the speaker, there is a person who will hear it and pick it up and publish it: a prov., relating to the guarding of the tongue: (TA:) the p in lAqTp is either to give intensiveness to the meaning or for the purpose of assimilation. (Msb.) ― -b5- mino HarK ↓ sawaAqiTu (tropical:) Fallings of heat. (M, TA.) [See 1, near the end of the paragraph.] ― -b6- saAqiTN also signifies Hanging down; pendent; pendulous: and the pl. is suq~aATN. (TA.) ― -b7- [And Tottering by reason of age.] You say $ayoxN saAqiTN kibarFA [An old man tottering by reason of age]. (K in art. drhm.) ― -b8- Also (assumed tropical:) Low, ignoble, base, vile, or mean, in respect of the deeds or qualities of his ancestors, and of himself; (S, Mgh;) and so ↓ saAqiTapN: (S:) or, (assumed tropical:) in respect of the deeds or qualities of his ancestors, and of his race; and so ↓ saAqiTapN: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) one who is not reckoned among the better, or best, class of young men; as also ↓ saqoTN: (K:) (tropical:) one who is, or remains, behind, or in the rear of, other men: (M, K:) [obscure, unnoted, reputeless, or of no reputation:] pl. suq~aATN (S, Mgh, TA) and saqoTaY (S, TA) and siqaATN, which last is like niyaAmN as pl. of naAy^imN, and suqaTaA='u, [by rule a pl. of saqiyTN, which see in what follows,] and ↓ sawaAqiTu [is pl. of saAqiTapN]. (TA.) The epithets saAqiTN maAqiTN laAqiTN are used together, as signifying (assumed tropical:) Low, ignoble, base, vile, or mean; applied to a man; as is said in the L: or, accord. to the O, [and the S in art. mqT,] the Arabs say, in reviling, fulaAnN saAqiTu bonu maAqiTi boni laAqiTK, meaning Such a one is a slave of a slave of a slave of a freedman, son of a slave of a slave of a freedman, son of a slave of a freedman; the sAqT being the slave of the mAqT, and the mAqT being the slave of the lAqT, and the lAqT being the slave of the freedman. (TA.) suq~aATu Aln~aAsi signifies, accord. to IAar, (assumed tropical:) The refuse, rabble, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of mankind, or of people; (TA in art. x$r;) as also Aln~aAsi ↓ saqaTu, (TA,) and Aln~aAsi ↓ A^asoqaATu, as being likened to those articles of a tent or house which are termed saqaTN, q. v.: (Lh, M:) and suq~aATu Aljunodi (assumed tropical:) Soldiers of whom no account is made. (TA.) ↓ saAqiTapN, (M, L, TA,) in the K ↓ saqiyTapN, but this is a mistake, (TA,) or, applied to a man, only used when immediately followed by laqiyTapN, (TA in art. lqT,) also signifies (assumed tropical:) Deficient in intellect, or intelligence, or understanding; (M, L, K;) as also ↓ saqiyTN; (Ez-Zejjájee, M, L, K;) and ↓ saqiyTap is the fem. of the latter; (M, L, TA;) and signifies also, applied to a woman, (assumed tropical:) Low, ignoble, base, vile, or mean, (S, TA,) and stupid. (So in some copies of the S, and in the TA.) You say also, AlfiEoli ↓ huwa saAqiTapu (assumed tropical:) [He is mean in conduct: or one of whose actions no account is made]. (TA.) ― -b9- Also, [as signifying (assumed tropical:) Vile, mean, or paltry,] applied to a thing: (TA in art. lqT:) [a thing] (assumed tropical:) falling short of the due, or just, mean. (M in art. wsT.) ― -b10- saAqiTu Al$~adi (assumed tropical:) A horse that runs interruptedly. (A, TA.) ― -b11- ↓ sawaAqiTu (tropical:) Persons who come to El-Yemámeh to bring thence for themselves provisions of dates. (M, K, TA.) ― -b12- And ↓ this last word, (assumed tropical:) Small, low mountains, [as though] cleaving to the ground. (TA.) , and its pl. sawaAqiTu: see saAqiTN, throughout. (assumed tropical:) One who sells the parts of a slaughtered beast that are called saqaTN [q. v.]. (TA.) [See also saqaTiY~~N.] (S, M, K) and masoqaTN, (M, K,) the former extr. [with respect to rule, though the contr. with respect to usage], (M,) and the latter an inf. n. as well as a noun of place [and of time], (S, K,) A place [and a time] of falling, falling down, dropping, dropping down, or tumbling down, (S, M, K,) of a thing; (M, TA;) as, for instance, of a whip, and of rain: pl. masaAqiTu. (TA.) ― -b2- masoqiTu Alr~aA^osi, (K,) and masoqaTuhu, (As,) and AlmsqT alone, (A, TA,) (tropical:) The place of birth. (K, TA.) You say, h`*aAmasoqiTu raA^osiY (tropical:) This is my birthplace. (S.) And AlbaSorapu masoqaTu raA^osiY (tropical:) [El-Basrah is my birth-place]. (M.) And huwa yaHin~u A_ilaYmasoqiTihi (tropical:) He yearns towards his birth-place. (A, TA.) ― -b3- A@taAnaA fiY masoqiTi Aln~ajomi (tropical:) He came to us at the time of the setting of the star, or asterism; (S, TA;) [meaning, at the time of the auroral setting of the Pleiades: see manaAzilu Alqamari, in art. nzl.] ― -b4- masoqiTN also signifies The place of the ending of anything. (TA.) See siqoTN, in three places. Casting her young one or fœtus; bringing it forth abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (M, K,) [or dead, but having the form developed, or manifest: see 4.] (tropical:) [This deed is a cause of a man's falling from the place which he holds in the regard of people]: (S, K: *) said when one does a thing that is not proper for him to do. (TA.) Accustomed to cast her young; to bring them forth abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (K,) [or dead, but having the form developed, or manifest: see 4.] [A fallen date]: some say that this means saAqiTapN: others, *aAtu suquwTK [having a falling]: it may be from A^asoqaTihu; like maHomuwmN from A^aHam~ahu A@ll~`hu. (TA.) ― -b2- huwa masoquwTN fiY yadihi (tropical:) He is repenting, and abject; as also fiY ↓ saAqiTN yadihi (TA.) (tropical:) [He walked, or went, in a slack, or languid, manner; as though repeatedly stumbling; or as though throwing himself down: see 3, near the end; and see also 6]. (A in art. TrH.) sqf , (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, O, Msb,) or , (K, [but this is app. a mistake, being anomalous,]) inf. n. saqofN, (S, O, Mgh,) He made a saqof [i. e. ceiling, or roof,] to the house or chamber or tent; [he ceiled it, or roofed it;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ Asqfhu; (Msb;) and ↓ sq~fhu, inf. n. tasoqiyfN; (O, K;) or this last has an intensive signification. (Msb.) -A2- saqifa, [aor. ,] inf. n. saqafN, He was, or became, tall, and bent, or bowed; said of a man, and of an ostrich, &c. (TA.) -A3- See also 5. see 1. -A2- suqifa, inf. n. tasoqiyfN, He was made an A^usoquf~ [i. e. a bishop]. (O, K.) see 1. He became an A^usoquf~ [i. e. a bishop]; (O, K;) as also ↓ sqf [app. saqafa], inf. n. siq~iyfaY [like xiliyfaY inf. n. of xalafa]. (TK.) The ceiling, roof, or covering, (JK, MA, PS,) of a house or chamber or tent; (JK, S, MA, K, PS;) as also ↓ saqifN; (K;) so called because of its height, and the tallness of its wall [or walls]: (TA:) pl. of the former suquwfN and suqufN, (S, Msb, K,) the latter pl. on the authority of Akh, (S,) extr., (Msb,) or, accord. to Fr, this is pl. of ↓ saqiyfN, (S, Msb, TA,) or, accord. to Fr, it may be a pl. pl., i. e. you may say saqofN and suquwfN and [then] suqufN [as pl. of suquwfN], (TA,) and suqofN [also] is a pl. of saqofN. (Ham p. 227.) [In the Kur xliii. 32,] Aboo-Jaafar read saqofFA mino fiD~apK; with fet-h: (TA:) others read suqufFA: (S, TA:) in the former reading, it is a sing. denoting a pl. meaning; i. e., “ we would have made to the house of every one of them a saqof of silver. ” (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] The sky, or heaven: (S, K:) this is called saqofu AlA^aroDi [the ceiling, or roof, of the earth]: of the masc. gender: occurring in the Kur xxi. 33 and lii. 5. (TA.) -A2- Also, applied to the laHoY [or part on which the beard grows] Long, and flaccid, or pendulous; syn. TawiylN musotaroxK. (S, K.) -A3- See also A^usoquf~N. : see A^usoquf~N. -A2- Also a pl. of saqofN [q. v.: perhaps a contraction of suqufN]. (Ham p. 227.) Tallness, with a bending, or bowing: (S, K:) it is in a man, (S,) [and] in an ostrich &c. (K.) [See 1, second sentence.] in the saying of El-Hajjáj, A_iy~aAYawah`*ihi A^ls~uqafaA='a [Beware ye of me with respect to these sqfA'], (S, K, * TA,) is [said to be] a word of which the meaning is unknown: (S:) Kt says, “ I have asked often respecting it, and no one knew it: ” but accord. to Z, as is related by IAth, (TA,) it is said to be a mistranscription for Al$~ufaEaA=', (K, * TA,) pl. of $afiyEN; (TA;) for they used to assemble in the presence of the Sultán and intercede for him who was suspected, (K, TA,) and for criminals; and he [i. e. El-Hajjáj] forbade their doing that. (TA.) : see saqofN, in two places: ― -b2- and see also the paragraph here following, in two places. A Suf~ap, (S, Msb, K, TA,) or the like, (TA,) [i. e. a roof, or covering,] such as projects [over the door of a house], (TA,) [or of which the ends of the beams rest upon opposite houses; i. e.] a Zul~ap; [often applied in the present day to a roofed, or covered, portion of a street or the like;] and any wing or porch or other thing [of a building] that is roofed over: (Msb:) of the measure faEiylapN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlapN: (TA:) pl. saqaAy^ifu (Msb) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ saqiyfN. (MA.) ― -b2- Any broad piece of wood, such as a plank, or a broad piece of stone, with which one may form a roof (O, K, TA) to the lurking-place of a hunter &c. (O, TA.) And [the pl.] saqaAy^ifu signifies The TwAyq [app. a mistranscription for TawaAbiq, and, if so, meaning, agreeably with a modern usage, flat stones covering a hollow such as that] of the lurking-place of the hunter. (TA.) [And The pieces of wood which form the roof of the kind of vehicle called maHomil: see EaAriDapN: and see also xu*oruwfN.] ― -b3- (tropical:) A plank [app. of the deck] of a ship or boat: (S, K, TA:) pl. as above. (S, TA.) ― -b4- (tropical:) A single cranial bone of the head of the camel: (Ibn- 'Abbád, K, TA:) the cranial bones being termed saqaAy^ifu Alr~aA^osi. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) ― -b5- And (tropical:) A single rib of a camel: (K, TA:) its ribs being termed saqaAy^ifu (Az, Z, O, TA) and ↓ saqiyfN. (O, TA.) One says, hadama Als~afaru saqaAy^ifa AlbaEiyri [Travel disjointed, or luxated,] the ribs of the camel. (Az, Z, TA.) ― -b6- Also (tropical:) A splint; i. e. a piece of wood with which a bone is set, or reduced from a fractured state: (O, K, TA:) pl. as above. (O, TA.) ― -b7- And A broad and long piece of wood, which is put, or laid down, and upon which are wound the mats of reeds (AlbawaAriY~) above the house-tops of the people of El-Basrah. (TA. [See also safiyqapN.]) ― -b8- And (assumed tropical:) Any piece of gold, and of silver, that is beaten thin and long. (TA. [See, again, safiyqapN.]) One whose occupation is the construction of ceilings or roofs (suquwf). (TA.) [and ↓ A^usoqufiy~apNi or A^usoqufiy~apN] The office of an A^usoquf~ [i. e. of a bishop]. (K, * O, TA.) [See also 5.] Tall, and bent, or bowed; (S, K;) applied to a man, (S, TA,) and to an ostrich, &c.; (K, TA;) as also with damm, (K,) i. e. ↓ AusoqufN: (TA:) fem. saqofaA='u, (K,) mentioned by IB as an epithet applied to a female ostrich: (TA:) and hence the ↓ A^usoquf~ of the Christians, (S, K,) accord. to ISk [and others ignorant of its true derivation], because he affects lowliness. (S.) And, applied to a man, [simply,] Tall; (K;) likened to the saqof [or ceiling, or roof,] in height; (TA;) and so ↓ musaq~afN: (O, K:) or thick and big in the bones: (K:) and [simply] bent, or bowed: (TA:) and, applied to an ostrich, crooked in the neck (K, TA) and the legs: (TA:) fem. as above; (K;) which is applied to a female ostrich as meaning long and crooked in the legs: (O:) or to a she-camel as meaning long in the hind legs, and in like manner applied to a she-ostrich. (JK.) ― -b2- And, applied to a camel, Having no fur upon him. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph: ― -b2- and the next following also. and ↓ A^usoqufN, (S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ saqofN (K) and ↓ saqofN, (TA,) [each a variation of] a foreign word used by the Arabs, (TA,) [from the Greek ἐπίσκοπος, A bishop; i. e.] a headman of the Christians (S, Msb, K) in religion; (S, K;) or [more exactly] one who is above the qisiys [i. e. presbyter, or priest], and below the maToraAn [or metropolitan]: (K:) or one who is learned (K, TA) in their religion: (TA:) or a king who affects lowliness in his gait: (K: [a very strange explanation:]) pl. A^asaAqifapN (Msb, K) and A^asaAqifu. (K.) See also A^asoqafu. or A^usoqufiy~apN: see siqiyfaY. Wide in the bone [or bones] of the body. (JK.) ― -b2- See also A^asoqafu. , (K accord. to the TA,) or ↓ musotaqif~N, (so in several copies of the K,) or both, (TK,) Hair that is raised, and shaggy, or dishe-velled, or disordered. (K.) : see what next precedes. sqm , aor. ; (S, Msb, K;) and saquma, aor. ; (Msb, K;) inf. n. saqamN, (S, Msb, TA,) of the former verb; (S, Msb;) and suqomN, of the latter verb, (Msb,) and saqaAmapN and saqaAmN, (TA,) [also of the latter verb, the last like jamaAlN of jamula, &c.,] or the last is a simple subst.; (Msb;) He was, or became, diseased, disordered, distempered, sick, or ill; syn. mariDa: (S, K, TA:) or he was long diseased &c. (Msb.) [See also suqomN below.] see what next follows. , (S, Msb, TA,) inf. n. A_isoqaAmN; (TA;) and ↓ sq~mhu, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. tasoqiymN; (TA;) He (God) [or it] caused him to be, or become, diseased, disordered, distempered, sick, or ill: (S, TA:) or caused him to be long diseased &c. (Msb.) -A2- And A^asoqama Alr~ajulu The man had his family affected with diseases, and the diseases came afterwards upon him. (TA.) and ↓ saqamN and ↓ saqaAmN [are all inf. ns.; or the last, accord. to the Msb, is a simple subst.; and all are used as substs., signifying] A disease, disorder, distemper, malady, sickness, or an illness; syn. maraDN: (S, K, TA:) suqomN and maraDN are both said to be in the body, and also (assumed tropical:) in religion [&c., as is implied by phrases mentioned below, voce saqiymN]: (Aboo-Is-hák, TA in art. mrD:) pl. [of the first] A^asoqaAmN. (TA.) ↓ saqamu Aljufuwni means (assumed tropical:) Languidness, and slowness in motion, of the eyelids. (Har p. 113.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. : see saqiymN. : see suqomN. Diseased, disordered, distempered, sick, or ill; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ saqimN: (TA:) or long diseased &c.: (Msb:) pl. of the former siqaAmN, (Msb, K,) like kiraAmN pl. of kariymN. (Msb.) See also misoqaAmN, and musoqimN. The phrase A_iniy saqiymN, occurring in the Kur [xxxvii. 87], as a saying of Abraham, is expl. by some as meaning [Verily I am] smitten with the TaAEuwn [or pestilence]: or the meaning is, I shall be diseased at a future time, when the period shall have come; and it is said that he inferred, from looking at the stars, the time of a fever's coming to him: or it means (assumed tropical:) verily I am sick of your worshipping what is not God: IAth says that, in truth, it is one of his three lies; all of which were for the sake of God and his religion. (TA.) You say also qalobN saqiymN (tropical:) [A diseased, a sickly, or an unsound, heart]: and fahomN saqiymN (tropical:) [Diseased, unsound, faulty, or weak, understanding]: and kalaAmN saqiymN (tropical:) [Unsound, faulty, or weak, language]. (TA.) And huwa saqiymu AlS~adori Ealayohi (tropical:) He is affected with rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, against him. (TA.) A kind of tree resembling the xilaAf [q. v.], but not the same as this latter: (TA:) or a kind of large tree, (AHn, K, TA,) exactly like the A^avoA^ab, (AHn, TA,) which is a tree of the figkind, (TA in art. vA^b,) except that it is taller than the latter, and less broad, having a fruit like the fig (Altiyn), which, when green, is [like] stone in hardness, but when it ripens it becomes somewhat yellow, and soft, and very sweet, and of a pleasant odour, and people send it, one to another, as a present. (AHn, TA.) [Forskål, in his Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxxiv., mentions sqm, which is evidently a mistranscription for swqm, and which he writes in Italic letters “ sokam, ” as one of the names of the ficus sycomorus; and app. of another species or variety of fig which he terms ficus sycomoroides.] ↓ rajulN saqiymN A man who is diseased and whose family are diseased. (TA.) [A cause of disease: a word of the same class as majobanapN and many others of the measure mafoEalapN]: see an ex. voce kiZ~apN. i. q. ↓ saqiymN [Diseased, disordered, &c.]: (TA:) or [rather, agreeably with analogy,] much, or often, diseased &c.: (S, TA:) and accord. to Lh it is also applied as an epithet to a female. (TA.) sqmwnyA , (so in copies of the K,) or saqamuwniyaA='u, (Mgh, Msb,) said to be an ancient Greek word, [Σκαμμωηία] or, as some say, (Msb,) Syriac, (Mgh, Msb,) [Seammony;] a certain plant, from the hollows of which is extracted a mucilage, which is dried, and is called by the name of its plant: it is more repugnant to the stomach and the bowels than all the laxatives; but it is rendered good by aromatic substances, such as pepper and ginger and aniseed: the weight of six barleycorns thereof to twenty eases the yellow bile, and noxious viscosities, from the most remote parts of the body; and a portion thereof with a portion of turobud, or tirbad, [so in different copies of the K, or turoba*, or tiroba*, i. e. turpeth,] in fresh milk, taken fasting, will not leave a single worm in the belly: it is wonderful in that effect, and proved by experiment. (K.) sqY , aor. yasoqiyhi, (K,) inf. n. saqoYN; (TA; [see also siqaAyapN, which is likewise said to be an inf. n. of the same verb;]) and ↓ sq~Ahu, (K,) with teshdeed; (TA;) and ↓ AsqAhu; (K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, AsotaqAhu;]) all have one meaning; (TA;) [i. e. He gave him to drink, generally water, often milk, and sometimes poison or some other thing: and the first often signifies he watered him, namely, a beast; and in like manner seed produce &c., i. e. irrigated it; as will be shown by what follows:] or saqaAhu [is said when you mean he gave him drink] li$afatihi [to his lip], (S,) or biAl$~afapi [by means of the lip], as also ↓ sq~Ahu; and ↓ AsqAhu means he directed him to water, (K,) or he watered (saqaY) his cattle or his land: (S, * K:) or both of them, (K, TA,) i. e. saqaAhu and ↓ AsqAhu, (TA,) signify he assigned to him, or gave to him, (jaEala lahu,) water, (K, TA,) or drink, or water for irrigation; so that saqaAhu is like kasaAhu, and ↓ AsqY is like A=alobasa, as Sb says: (TA:) or, as some say, saqayotuhu I gave him water to his mouth; and ↓ A^asoqayotuhu, I assigned to him, or gave to him, (jaEalotu lahu,) drink, or water for irrigation, that he might do as he would; and like them are kasawotuhu and A^akosayotuhu: (Ham p. 45:) Er-Rághib says that Als~aqoYu signifies the giving one drink; and ↓ AlA_isoqaA='u, the giving one drink so that he may take it howsoever he will; so that the latter is more ample in meaning than the former. (TA.) Both saqaY and ↓ AsqY are sometimes used in relation to what is in the bellies of camels or other cattle; [meaning their milk;] as in the Kur [xxiii. 21], where it is said, mim~aA fiY buTuwnihaA ↓ nusoqiykumo, or nasoqiykumo, [i. e. We give you to drink of what is in their bellies,] accord. to different readings. (TA.) One says, saqaAhu AlmaA='a, [He gave him to drink water, or the water,] inf. n. as above: (Mgh:) and AlmaA='a ↓ saq~ayotuhu [I gave him to drink water, or the water, much, or often]: the teshdeed denotes muchness, or frequency. (S.) [See also a tropical usage of the former verb in a verse cited in p. 85, col. 3: and another, from Tarafeh, in p. 134, col. 3. One says also, saqaY AlmaA='a, without a second objective complement, He supplied, or gave, water, or the water.] And saqayotu Alz~aroEa, [I watered, or irrigated, the seed-produce,] inf. n. as above; as also ↓ A^asoqayotuhu, (Msb.) And saqayotu fiY Alqiroyapi and fiyhaA ↓ A^asoqayotu [I poured water into the water-skin]: a poet says, [in one of my copies of the S, Dhu-r-Rummeh,] wamaA$an~ataA xaroqaA='a waAhK kilaAhumaA saqaY fiyhimaA musotaEojilN lamo tabal~alaA biA^anobaEa mino Eayonayoka lild~amoEi kul~amaA taEar~afota daArFA A^awo tawah~amota manozilaA [And two old and worn-out skins of an unskilful woman who has not sewed them well, each of them unsound, into which a person in haste has poured water, they not having been previously moistened, (tabal~alaA being for tatabal~alaA,) are not more liable to the shedding of their water than are thine eyes to the shedding of tears whenever thou investigatest a dwelling or imaginest a place of alighting, or abode]. (S.) [And hence, app.,] saqaY fulaAnN fiY *akarihi (assumed tropical:) Such a one became vehemently affected by sexual appetite. (JK.) One says also, saqaAhu A@ll~`hu Algayova and ↓ AsqAhu (S, Msb, * K) God sent down rain to him, or may God send &c.: (K:) both of these verbs being used by Lebeed in his saying, saqaY qawomiY baniY majodK waA^asoqaY numayorFA waAlqabaAy^ila mino hilaAli [May He send down rain to my people, the sons of Mejd, and may He send down rain to Numeyr, and the tribes of Hilál]. (S.) [Hence,] one says, saqaY A@ll~`hu EaSora Al$~abiybapi (assumed tropical:) [May God freshen as with rain the times, or mornings, or afternoons, of youth, or young manhood]. (A and TA in art. $b.) And saqayotu fulaAnFA, (S,) and ↓ A^asoqayotuhu, and ↓ saq~ayotuhu, (S, K, *) which last is the form in most repute as expressive of a prayer, (Ham p. 45,) and of which the inf. n. is tasoqiyapN, (K,) I said to such a one saqaAka A@ll~`hu [May God send down rain to thee], (S and K in explanation of the second and third,) or saqoyFA [which virtually means the same, for saqaAka A@ll~`hu saqoyFA]: (S in explanation of the first and second, and K in explanation of the second and third:) [or,] accord, to some, one says saqayotuhu when it [which he gives, i. e. water or the like,] is in his hand; [agreeably with the first explanation in this art.;] and ↓ A^asoqayonuhu signifies I prayed for him, saying saqoyFA laka. (Msb.) ― -b2- saqaY baTonuhu, (JK, S, MA, K,) inf. n. saqiYN; (JK, S;) and suqiYa, (JK, IAth, TA,) or saqiY, aor. yasoqaY, inf. n. siqFY or saqFY; (MA;) and ↓ AstsqY; (JK, S, K; [in my copy of the Msb AstqY, which I doubt not to be a mistranscription, as the verb most commonly known in the sense here following is AstsqY, and as this is not there mentioned;]) His belly [was, or became, diseased with dropsy, i. e.] had yellow water [meaning serum] (JK, S, Msb, K, * TA) apparent in it, (JK,) or collected in it; (S, K, TA;) for which there is scarcely, or never, any cure; (Msb, TA;) his belly became swollen [with dropsy]. MA.) ― -b3- [In the phrase written in the CK suqiYa qulobuhu EadaAwapFu, the verb is correctly suqiYa: see 2.] ― -b4- saqaYAlEaraqu The sweat flowed without stopping. (TA.) ― -b5- saqaY Alt~awoba, and ↓ sq~Ahu, He made the garment, or piece of cloth, to imbibe a dye. (TA.) ― -b6- [saqaY also signifies He tempered steel; and is used in this sense in the present day: and accord. to a reading in one of my copies of the S, in art. $rx, ↓ sq~Y also has this meaning.] ― -b7- See also 4, last sentence. see 1, in six places. ― -b2- suqiYa qalobuhu EadaAwapF, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, suqiYa,]) and biAlEadaAwapi, (TA, and thus, and thus only, in the JK,) inf. n. tasoqiyapN, (JK, TA,) (tropical:) His heart was made to imbibe enmity, (K, TA,) is said of a man to whom a thing that he dislikes, or hates, has been repeatedly done. (TA.) [The giving to drink, one with another. See a tropical usage of its verb in an ex. cited in art. $f, conj. 8. ― -b2- ] The drawing of water together. (KL.) ― -b3- And a man's employing a man to take upon himself, or manage, the culture [or watering & c.] of palm-trees or grape-vines [or the like] on the condition of his having a certain share of their produce: (S, TA:) Az says that the people of El-'Irák term it muEaAmalapN. (TA.) see 1, in thirteen places. ― -b2- One says also, A^asoqayotuhu rakiy~atiY I assigned to him my well [to draw water therefrom]: and A^asoqayotuhu jadowalFA mino nahoriY I assigned to him [a streamlet as] a place, or source, of irrigation, from my river, or rivulet; and A^asoqayotu lahu minohu [which means the same]. (TA.) ― -b3- And AsqAhu It produced in him [dropsy, or] yellow water. (JK. [See 1, near the end of the paragraph.]) ― -b4- And He gave him a made [shin such as is termed] siqaA=': (Az, K, TA: [it is said in the TA that wahaba minohu in the K should be wahaba lahu, as in the explanation by Az: but see art. whb, in which it is said that whb mnh is allowable, and occurs in several trads.:]) or he gave him a hide to make of it a siqaA=': (K:) or AsqAhu A_ihaAbFA has the latter meaning: (JK, TA:) and A^asoqi A_ihaAbahaA occurs in a trad. as meaning Give thou its hide to him who will make of it a siqaA=', (TA,) or make thou its hide to be a siqaA=' for thee. (JK.) ― -b5- Also, (JK, S, K, TA,) and ↓ saqaAhu, (K,) the latter mentioned as on the authority of IAar, but disallowed by Sh, (TA,) i. q. AigotaAbahu (tropical:) [He spoke evil of him, or traduced him, in his absence or otherwise], (JK, S, K, TA,) in a foul manner; (TA;) and imputed to him a vice, fault, or the like: (S, TA:) and J cites [in the S] a verse of Ibn-Ahmar ending with the phrase A^asoqaY ↓ siqaAy^iyaA [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) Who has spoken evil of me, & c.]. (TA.) It (a thing) received, or admitted, moisture, (M, TA,) or irrigation; or became plentifully irrigated, or succulent, or sappy. (M, K, TA.) The Hudhalee (El-Mutanakhkhil, TA) says. mujad~alN yatasaq~aY jiloduhu damahu kamaA taqaT~ara ji*oEu Ald~awomapi AlquTulu meaning [Thrown down upon the ground, his skin] becomes drenched with his blood (yata$ar~abuhu) [like as drips the severed trunk of the Theban palm-tree]: or, as some relate the verse, yatakas~aY [becomes overspread, here meaning suffused], from Alkisowapu. (S, TA.) ― -b2- tasaq~ati AlA_ibilu AlHawo*aAna (assumed tropical:) The camels ate the Hw*An (a certain plant, TA) in its fresh and moist state, and became fat upon it. (K.) They gave to drink, one to another, (S, MA, TA,) with the full measure of the vessel in which they were given to drink. (S, TA.) [See also 3.] He drew water (TA) min Albiy^ori [from the well], (S, TA,) and mina Aln~ahori [from the river, or rivulet]. (TA. [Golius and Freytag make the verb in this sense, erroneously, AstsqY; but the former mentions AstqiYi also in the same sense.]) [And AstqY EalaY baEiyrK He drew water upon a camel in a manner expl. voce saAniyapN, q. v.: often occurring in the Lexicons.] ― -b2- And (tropical:) He was, or became, fat, (K, TA,) and satisfied with drinking of water. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 10, in two places. He sought, or demanded, drink (siqoyFA, K, TA, [in the CK saqoyFA,] i. e. maA yu$orabu, TA); mnohu [from him]; as also ↓ AstqY. (K, TA. [In the CK is immediately added after this explanation, wsaqiy~FA: but this is a mistranscription for wataqay~aA^a; expressing another signification of these two verbs, which will be expl. below.]) And He asked, begged, or prayed, for rain; (Msb, * TA;) i. q. AisotamoTara (S in art. mTr, and Msb. *) [Hence, SalaApu AlAisotisoqaA='i The prayer of the petitioning for rain. And AstsqY lahaA He said saqaAhaAA@ll~`hu May God send down rain upon it, namely, a land: see Har p. 300.] ― -b2- And He constrained himself to vomit; or vomited intentionally; syn. taqay~aA^a; [see a statement above, in this paragraph, respecting a mistranscription in the CK;] as also ↓ AstqY; (K, TA;) mentioned by ISd. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph. in the phrase saqoYu AlfuraAti, which means The towns, or villages, [or lands,] watered by the Euphrates, is said by Mtr to be an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly so termed, and, being originally an inf. n., it may be used alike as sing. and pl.]; or, in this phrase, a noun that should be prefixed to it [such as *aAt], is suppressed: or, accord. to some, it is siqoY [q. v.], an instance of the measure fiEolN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN; and thus it is in the handwriting of EI- Hareeree in his 22nd Makámeh. (Har p. 246.) ― -b2- See also the next paragraph. Drink; or what is drunk; (TA;) or what is given to drink; (K, TA;) a subst. from saqaAhu and A^asoqaAhu; (S, TA; [in the former of which, this meaning is indicated, and also the meaning of water given to drink to cattle; and water with which land is irrigated;]) in the M, drink given to camels: (TA:) pl. A^asoqiyapN. (S, TA.) And [particularly] A share, or portion, of water [for irrigation]: one says, kamo siqoYu A^aroDika [How many bucketfuls or skinfuls, (the specificative being suppressed,) virtually meaning how much, is the share, or portion, of water for the irrigation of thy land?]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And Water, (K, TA, [in the CK mA, a mistranscription for maA='N,]) i. e. yellow water [meaning serum, effused in dropsy], incidental in the belly, (K, TA,) scarcely, or never, curable; (TA;) as also ↓ saqoYN: (K: [wayufotaHu being there added: and the word as meaning “ yellow water ” is written only with fet-h in the JK: but in the TA, wyftH forms part of the addition here following:]) or it is in white nafaAfiyx [meaning cells] in the fat of the belly; [in which sense, also, the word is written only with fet-h in the JK;] and it [app. meaning the belly] is opened (wayufotaHu) on the occasion of its issuing: so says ISd: (TA:) a subst. from saqaY baTonuhu [q. v.]. (S, TA.) And A skin [or membrane] containing yellow water, which cleaves asunder from over the head of the young one [at the birth]: (K, TA:) or, as in the T, the water that is in the [membrane called] ma$iymap, that comes forth EalaY raA^osi Alwaladi [meaning at the birth]. (TA.) -A2- Also Land that is irrigated; having the meaning of the measure mafoEuwlN, like niqoDN [in the sense of manoquwDN]: (Er-Rághib, TA: [see also saqoY:]) or it signifies, (K,) or so ↓ saqiY~N, of the same measure as $aqiY~N and SabiY~N, (Mgh,) and ↓ masoqawiY~N, (S, Mgh, K,) app. a rel. n. from masoqFY, not from masoqiY~N, for if it were from the latter it would be masoqiY~N, (M, TA,) [or, accord. to some, if from masoqiY~N, it may be either masoqiY~N or masoqawiY~N, (see Lumsden's Arab. Gr. p. 630,)] seed-produce irrigated (S, Mgh, K) by water running upon the surface of the earth; (S, Mgh;) [i. e., not by rain only;] ↓ saqiY~N being the contr. of baxosiY~N; (Mgh;) and ↓ masoqawiY~N, contr. of maZomay^iY~N, (Mgh, TA,) which signifies “ watered [only] by the rain; ” and the vulgar say ↓ misoqaAwiY. (TA.) A belly swollen [with dropsy]. (MA.) A giving of drink; [or a giving to drink;] like [the inf. n.] saqoYN. (Er-Rághib, TA.) ― -b2- And A sending down of rain upon mankind and the lands: (TA:) a subst. from saqaAhu A@ll~`h Algayova. (S, K, * TA. *) One says, daEawotu lahu biAls~uqoyaA [I prayed for him for the sending down of rain]. (JK.) And it is said in a form of prayer, suqoyaA raHomapK walaA suqoyaA Ea*aAbK [We ask of Thee a sending down of a rain of mercy, and not a sending down of a rain of punishment]; meaning, send Thou down upon us a rain in which shall be benefit, without injury, and without laying waste. (Msb.) One says also A^aroDN xaAfiDapu Als~uqoyaA Land easy of irrigation [either by the rain or otherwise]: (K in art. xfD:) and the contr. is termed raAfiEapu Als~uqoyaA. (TA in that art.) ― -b3- Also i. q. $rb [i. e. $irobN, meaning A beast's share, or portion, of water]: so in the Kur xci. 13. (Jel.) A skin, (KL,) or a qirobap, (JK,) [i. e.] a skin of a young goat or sheep when it has entered its second year, (M, K,) used for water and for milk, (ISk, JK, S, Msb, K, KL,) or, accord. to ISd, only for water: (TA:) it is termed Aibonu A^adiymK [made of one hide; but there are larger sorts]; and if larger, it is termed Aibonu A^adiymayoni [made of two hides], and Aibonu valaAvapi A=dimapK [made of three hides]: (T and TA in art. bnY:) accord. to ISk, the waTob is peculiarly for milk; and the niHoY, for clarified butter; and the qirobap, for water: (S:) the pl. (of pauc., S) is A^asoqiyapN and A^asoqiyaAtN and (of mult., S) A^asaAqK, (S, K,) or this last is a pl. pl. (T, TA.) ― -b2- See also 4, last sentence. ― -b3- [And see a phrase voce Hi*aA='N, in art. H*w, where it is applied to (assumed tropical:) The stomach of a camel, in which water is stored.] : see siqoYN, last sentence, in two places. ― -b2- Also A cloud having large drops [of rain], (S, K,) vehement in the falling [thereof]: (S:) [like ramiY~N and rawiY~N:] pl. A^asoqiyapN. (S, K.) ― -b3- And The papyrus (barodiY~): (JK, S, K:) or tender papyrus: so called because of its growing in, or near to, water: (TA:) occurring in a verse of Imra-el- Keys, cited voce mu*al~alN: (S, TA: [but see what is said under this word, m*l~l: and see Ham p. 555:]) n. un. saqiy~apN. (S.) ― -b4- And Palm-trees; (S, K;) and saqiy~apN signifies [the same, or] palmtrees that are irrigated by means of water-wheels (dawaAlK, [pl. of daAliyapN, q. v.]). (TA.) : see what next follows. and ↓ suqaAyapN and ↓ masoqaApN and ↓ misoqaApN A place for giving to drink or for watering: (K, * TA:) what is termed siqaAyapu AlmaA='i is well known: (S:) i. e. siqaAyapN signifies a place made, or prepared, for the giving to drink to people: (Msb:) a construction for water: (Mgh:) or a place in which beverage is made, or prepared, at the fairs, or festivals, &c.: (JK, T, TA:) [and particularly a place in which a beverage made of raisins steeped in water was given at the general assembly of the pilgrims:] and ↓ masoqaApN signifies a drinkingplace [in a general sense]: and he who pronounces it with kesr to the m [↓ misoqaApN] makes it to be like the utensil called misoqaApu Ald~iyki [the drinking-vessel of the cock]: (S:) [see turofapN:] and the pl. is masaAqK. (TA.) ― -b2- siqaAyapN also signifies A vessel in which one is given to drink: (K:) in the Kur [xii. 70], it means the king's drinking-cup; (Mgh;) his SuwaAE, in [or from] which he drank, (JK, S, TA,) and with which they measured corn; and it was a vessel of silver. (TA.) ― -b3- And siqaAyapu AlHaAji means The beverage made of raisins steeped in water which [the tribe of] Kureysh used to give to the pilgrims to drink: it was under the superintendence of El-'Abbás in the Time of Ignorance and in El-Islám: (TA:) or siqaAyap in this phrase is an inf. n.; so in the Kur ix. 19; (Mgh;) where it is said, A^ajaEalotumo siqaAyapa A@loHaAji waEimaArapaA@lomasojidi A@loHaraAmi kamano A=mana biA=ll~`hi waA@lyawomi A@loA=xiri; the two words sqAyp and EmArp being inf. ns. of saqaY and Eamara; (Bd;) the meaning being A^ajaEalotumo A^ahola siqaAyapi AlHaAji wa EimaArapi Almasojidi AlHaraAmi [i. e. Have ye made, or pronounced, the authors of the giving to drink to the pilgrims, and of the keeping in repair of the sacred mosque, to be like him who has believed in God and the last day?]; and this is confirmed by another reading, which is, suqaApa AlHaAji waEamarapa Almasojidi: (Ksh, Bd:) or the meaning is, A^ajaEalotumo siqaAyapa AlHaAji kaA_iymaAni mano A=mana [&c., i. e. have ye made, or pronounced, the giving to drink to the pilgrims, &c., to be like the belief of him who has believed &c.?]. (Bd.) [See also rifaAdapN.] ; and the fem. saq~aA='apN and saq~aAyapN: see saAqK, in six places. ― -b2- Als~aq~aA='u is also the appellation of A certain intelligent bird, that draws water for itself. (JK.) [It is applied in the present day, by some, to The pelican: and by some, to the aquiline vulture; commonly called the raxam.] and ↓ saq~aA='N Giving to drink; or one who gives to drink: (K, TA:) the former signifies [generally as above, or a cup-bearer: and also] watering seed-produce; or a waterer of seedproduce: (Msb:) [and ↓ the latter generally signifies a water-carrier:] the pl. of the former is suq~FY, (K, TA,) with damm and then teshdeed, (TA,) [accord. to the CK suqiY~N, which is app. a mistranscription,] and suq~aA='N, (K, TA,) like rum~aAnN, (TA,) or suqaApN: (CK: [this last is a well-known pl. of saAqK, and as such has occurred above, voce siqaAyapN:]) the pl. of ↓ saq~aA='N is saq~aAw^uwna: (K:) and a woman is termed ↓ saq~aA='apN and ↓ saq~aAyapN. (S, K.) It is said in a prov., ↓ Aisoqi raqaA$i A_in~ahaA saq~aAyapN [Give thou to drink to Rakáshi: verily she is one who gives to drink: raqaA$i being a woman's name]: it is applied to him who does good: meaning do thou good to him, because of his doing good. (A'Obeyd, S.) ― -b2- [Hence,] saAqiY AlEayoni A certain vein [app. the central artery of the retina] which passes from the interior of the head to the eye, and the severing of which occasions the loss of the sight. (JK.) [See also the next paragraph.] [a subst. from sAqK, made so by the affix p,] A rivulet, or streamlet, (T, K, TA,) for the irrigation of seed-produce; (T, TA;) a small channel for the irrigation of land; (Msb;) it is larger than a jadowal, and than a nahor: (Mgh:) pl. sawaAqK. (Mgh, TA.) It is now vulgarly applied to designate The [kind of water-wheel for irrigation termed] duwlaAb [q. v.]. (TA in art. dlb.) ― -b2- And [the pl.] Als~awaAqiY signifies Certain veins which discharge into the A^aboharaAni [dual of A^aboharu, q. v.]. (JK.) A time [and a place] of giving to drink. (JK, TA.) : see siqaAyapN in tow places. One says when the Sultán has dealt gently with his subjects in his government of them, A^abolaga Als~uloTaAnu Alr~aAtiEa masoqaAtahu (assumed tropical:) [The Sultán has caused the beast pasturing at pleasure amid abundant herbage to come to his drinking-place]. (TA.) [See also $arabapN.] : see siqaAyapN, in two places. ― -b2- Also A thing which is made for the jiraAr [or water-jars], and upon which the mugs are hung. (JK, TA.) [Given to drink: and] watered seedproduce [&c.]. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A_in~ahu lamasoqiY~u Ald~ami Verily he is tinged with redness. (JK.) and misoqaAwiY: see siqoYN, last sentence, in three places. sk , aor. , (TA,) inf. n. sak~N, (K, TA,) i. q. sad~ahu [i. e. He closed or closed up, or he stopped or stopped up, or repaired, and made firm or strong, the thing]. (K, * TA.) [In the place of sad~uAl$~aYo'i, the explanation of the inf. n. accord. to the reading in the TA, we find in the CK $ad~u Al$~aYo'i: and it seems that $ad~ahu is a correct meaning of sak~ahu; for it is said that] from masokuwkN as signifying ma$oduwdN is the post-classical phrase sak~u AlA^abowaAbi [i. e. The making fast of doors]. (TA.) [In the present day, sak~a AlbaAba, aor. and inf. n. as above, means He locked, and he bolted, the door.] ― -b2- And sak~ahu, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, K, TA,) He clamped it (Dab~abahu) with iron; namely, a door, (S, K, TA,) and wood. (TA.) -A2- Also sak~ahu, aor. as above, (S, TA,) and so the inf. n., (K, TA,) He cut off his ears. (S, K, * TA.) -A3- sak~a bimaA fiY baTonihi, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) He cast forth what was in his belly; (K, * TA;) muted, or dunged; (TA;) said of an ostrich: (K, TA:) and so saj~a. (TA.) And sak~a bisaloHihi, (AA, TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) He cast forth his excrement, or ordure, (AA, K, TA,) in a thin state; (AA, * K, TA;) as also zak~a, (AA, TA,) and hak~a. (TA.) And huwa yasuk~u, inf. n. as above, He voids thin excrement or ordure; (As, S, TA;) as also yasuj~u, inf. n. saj~N. (As, TA.) And A^axa*ahu sak~u [He was taken with a looseness of the bowels;] he had thin evacuations of the bowels; expl. by qaEada maqaAEida riqaAqFA: and A^axa*ahu sak~N fiY baTonihi [signifies the same; or] his bowels became loose; as also saj~N; so says Yaakoob; and he asserts it to be formed by substitution; but which of the two is so formed is unknown. (TA.) ― -b2- sak~a fiY AlA^aroDi He went at random in the land, or country, not knowing whither to go, and was perplexed. (Ibn-'Abbád, O. [See also 7.]) ― -b3- One says also, A^ayona tasuk~u Whither goest thou? (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) ― -b4- maA sak~a samoEiY mivolu *`lika AlkalaAmi The like of that speech has not entered my ear, or ears: and fiY masaAmiEiY mivoluhu ↓ maAA@sotak~a The like of it has not entered my ears. (TA.) -A4- sak~a, [sec. pers., app., sakukota,] aor. , (TA,) inf. n. suk~N, (K, TA,) It (one's nature, or disposition,) was, or became, base, ignoble, mean, or sordid. (K, * TA.) -A5- sak~a, (Msb, TA,) sec. pers. sakikota, (Msb, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, sakikota,]) inf. n. sakakN, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) said of a man, &c., (K,) (assumed tropical:) He was small in the ear, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) with a sticking thereof to the head, and small projection thereof: (K, TA:) or he was short in the ear, with a sticking thereof to the part behind it: (TA:) or he was small in the quwf [here meaning either the upper part or the helix (in the CK quwb)] of the ear, and narrow in the ear-hole. (K, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, deaf. (K, TA.) The camels went at random. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA. [See also sak~a fiY AlA^arDa, above.]) AinosikaAkN in the case of the birds called qaTFA means Their going at random, and depressing their breasts, after soaring in their flight and circling in the air. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) It (a thing) was, or became, closed or closed up, or stopped or stopped up, or repaired, and made firm or strong; quasi pass. of 1 in the first of the senses assigned to it above; syn. Ainosad~a. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Astk~t masaAmiEuhu (tropical:) His ears became stopped up, or deaf, (S, Msb, K, *) and narrow [in the aperture]. (S, K.) ― -b3- And Astk~ Aln~abotu (assumed tropical:) The herbage became luxuriant and dense, (S, K,) its interstices becoming closed up. (S.) And Astk~t Alr~iyaADu (assumed tropical:) The meadows became luxuriant and dense [in their herbage]. (As, TA.) -A2- See also 1. A nail; a pin, or peg, of iron; as also ↓ sakiY~N; (S, K;) like as one says daw~N and dawiY~N: (S:) pl. sikaAkN (S, K) and sukuwkN. (K.) [A verse of Aboo-Dahbal El-Jumahee is cited as an ex. in the TA as follows: diroEiY dilaASN sak~uhaA sak~N Eajabo wajawobuhaA AlqaAtiru mino sayri Alyalabo but see yalabN.] -A2- A straight, or an even, building, and excavation, (O, K,) like a wall, without curvity, or bending. (O.) ― -b2- A coat of mail narrow in the rings; (S, K;) as also ↓ suk~N, and ↓ sak~aA='u: (K:) or, accord. to the O, soft in the rings. (TA.) ― -b3- See also the next paragraph. A well narrow (Lth, AZ, As, S, O, K) in its cavity, or interior, (Lth, O,) or from its top to its bottom, (AZ, S, O,) or in its aperture; as also ↓ sak~N, and ↓ sakuwkN: (K:) or a well even in its cavity, or interior, and in its casing: or, accord. to Fr, one well, or strongly, or compactly, cased, and narrow; the pl. of suk~N is sikaAkN; and the pl. of ↓ sakuwkN is suk~N, so that the latter is both a sing. and a pl. (TA.) ― -b2- And A narrow road: (I'Abbád, O:) or a road stopped up: (K:) or a road narrow and stopped up. (Lh, TA.) ― -b3- See also sak~N. ― -b4- Also The hole of the scorpion, (Ibn- 'Abbád, S, O, K,) in the dial. of the BenooAsad; (Ibn-'Abbád, O;) and of the spider, (O, K,) likewise, because of its narrowness. (TA.) -A2- Also A sort of perfume, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) prepared from raAmak [q. v.], (K,) or from musk and raAmak, (O,) the former being bruised, or pounded, sifted, kneaded with water, and wrung hard, and wiped over with oil of the xiyriY~ [q. v.] in order that it may not stick to the vessel, and left for a night; then musk is pounded, or powdered, (yusoHaqu,) and put into it by degrees, and it is [again] wrung hard, and cut into small, round, flat pieces, and left for two days, after which it is perforated with a large needle, and strung upon a hempen string, and left for a year; and as it becomes old, its odour becomes the more sweet. (K.) -A3- Also pl. of A^asak~u. (K.) A ploughshare; i. e. the iron thing with which the ground is ploughed; (S, TA;) the iron appertenance of the plough. (K.) Hence the trad., maA daxalati Als~ik~apu daAra qawomi A_il~aA *al~uwA [The ploughshare enters not the abode of a people, or party, but they become abased]; meaning, in consequence of the violence and the demands that the agriculturists experience from the ruling power. (TA.) ― -b2- And A die, i. e. an engraved piece of iron, (S, * Msb, K, TA,) having an inscription upon it, (TA,) with which dirhems and deenárs are stamped, (S, * Msb,) or upon which pieces of money (daraAhim) are struck: (K:) pl. sikakN. (Msb.) ― -b3- And, because stamped therewith, A coined dirhem, and deenár; (TA;) which latter is called [also] ↓ sikiY~N, (O, K, TA,) [in the CK sakiY~, but it is] with kesr. (TA.) -A2- Also A row (TariyqapN muSoTaf~apN, S, O, Msb, or saTorN, K, or saTorN maSoTaf~N, TA) of palm-trees. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) Hence their saying, (S,) or the saying of the Prophet, (O,) xayoru AlmaAli muhorapN maA^omuwrapN A^awo sik~apN maA^obuwrapN, (S, in the O sk~p mA^bwrp Aw mhrp mA^mwrp,) meaning [The best of property is] a prolific filly (TA) or a row of palm-trees fecundated: (S, TA:) or, accord. to As, sk~p mA^bwrp here signifies a ploughshare properly prepared [for ploughing]; and, he says, the meaning is, that the best of property is a brood [of a mare] or seed-produce. (S.) [It has been suggested to me that, if Tryqp in the explanation above have the signification here assigned to it, the epithet mSTf~p is redundant; and therefore that Tryqp alone may be the proper explanation, and may mean in this case, as it does in many others, a tall palm-tree, or the tallest of palm-trees, or a smooth palm-tree, or a palm-tree the head of which is reached by the hand; and that mSTf~p may have been added in consequence of misunderstanding, and sTr substituted for Tryqp for the same reason: but I think it much more probable that the epithet has been added because Tryqp is ambiguous; and this is confirmed by what here follows.] ― -b2- Also A zuqaAq [meaning street]: (S, O, * Msb:) or [rather] a wide zuqaAq: (Msb:) or an even road, (K, TA,) [or street,] of such as are termed A^aziq~ap [pl. of zuqaAq]: (TA:) so called because the houses therein form a row or rows [on either side]; (O, TA;) being likened to a sik~ap of palm-trees: (TA:) [in the present day, often applied to a highway, and to any road:] pl. sikakN [as above]: (O:) and ↓ sakaAy^iku is syn. with [sikakN as meaning] A^aziq~apN. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also, app., one says,] AijoEali AlA^amora sik~apF waAHidapF (assumed tropical:) Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. bA^j.) ― -b4- And A^axa*a AlA^amora bisik~atihi, (K,) and A^adorakahu bisik~atihi, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) [He took the thing, and he attained it, in its proper way, or] when it was possible. (K, TA.) ― -b5- And fulaAnN SaEobu Alsik~api (tropical:) Such a one will not remain quiet, or still, or steady, by reason of hastiness of temper. (Ibn- 'Abbád, Z, O, TA.) -A3- Also The house [or station] of the bariyd [or messenger that journeys on a beast of the post, or messengers on beasts of the post: it is likewise called sik~apu Albariydi: see bariydN]: and A^aSoHaAbu Als~ikaki, occurring in a letter of 'Omar Ibn-'Abd-El-'Azeez, means the burud [or messengers on beasts of the post] who are stationed there to be sent on affairs of importance. (Mgh.) sik~apu Albariydi is well known [as having the meaning assigned to it above: and also as meaning The space, or distance, between each station of the messengers above mentioned and the station next to it: see, again, bariydN]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) inf. n. of sak~a, sec. pers. sakikota. (Msb, TA. [See 1, last sentence but one.]) [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] Bustards; syn. HubaArayaAtN. (TA.) The air that is next to the clouds, or to the higher part, (EanaAn,) of the sky; as also ↓ sukaAkapN: (S, K:) or both signify the air, or atmosphere, between heaven and earth: like luwHN: the pl. of the second is sakaAy^iku. (TA.) Hence the saying, laA A^afoEalu *`lika walaw nazawoata fiYAls~ukaAki, meaning [I will not do that even if thou leap] into the sky. (S.) ― -b2- Also The part, of an arrow, which is the place of the feathers. (Ibn- 'Abbád, O, K.) : see suk~N, in two places. [They pitched their tents] in one row: (Th, K:) and said with $, [i. e. $ikaAkFA,] accord. to IAar: (TA:) but Th says that it is only with s, deriving it from sik~apN signifying “a wide zuqaAq.” (TA in art. $k.) Small in the ear, (M, K,) or in the ears. (IAar, TA.) [See also A^asak~u.] ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) One who is alone in his opinion, having none to share with him in it, (AZ, K, TA,) who acts without caring how his opinion happens to be: pl. sukaAkaAtN: it has no broken pl. (AZ, TA.) -A2- See also sukaAkN. pl. of sukaAkapN as syn. with sukaAkN [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b2- See also sik~apN, in the latter half of the paragraph. : see sak~N : see sik~apN, in the former half of the paragraph. -A2- Also i. q. bariydN [meaning either A beast of the post or a messenger who journeys on a beast of the post]: a rel. n. from sik~apN. (Ibn- 'Abbád, O, TA.) [A stamper of money;] one who strikes the sik~ap. (TA.) ― -b2- [And said by Golius, as on the authority of Meyd, to signify A maker of knives; like sak~aAnu.] [as a coll. gen. n., app. derived from sik~apN signifying “a road,”] Wayfarers. (TA.) , mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád in this art., and said in the Mgh to be of the measure fiEoliynN from Als~ak~u, or fiE~iylN from Als~ukuwnu: see art. skn. Small in the ear, (Mgh, K,) with a sticking thereof to the head, and small projection thereof: (K:) or short in the ear, with a sticking thereof to the part behind it: (TA:) or small in the qwf [meaning either the upper part or the helix] of the ear, and narrow in the ear-hole: (K:) applied to a man, (Mgh, K,) &c.: (K:) fem. sak~aA='u: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) applied [to a woman, as is implied in the K, and to a female bird, and particularly to a female ostrich, and] to a single bird of the species called qaTFA, because having no ear [apparent or projecting], (TA,) and to a she-goat, meaning, with the lawyers, having no ear except the ear-hole, or, accord. to El-Kudooree, naturally earless: (Mgh:) and applied to an ear, as meaning small: (S, Msb:) pl. suk~N: applied [to human beings, &c., more commonly to birds, and particularly] to ostriches, (K,) and to birds of the species called qaTFA: (TA:) it is said that every sak~aA=' is oviparous, and every $arofaA=' is viviparous; the former meaning a female that has no ear (S, O) apparent, or external; (O;) and the latter, “a female that has an ear (S, O) apparent, or external, (O,) though it be slit.” (S.) A rájiz says, layolapu Hak~ Klayosa fiyhiA $ak~u A^aHuk~u Hat~aY saAEidiY munofak~u A^asoharaniY AlA^usayowidu AlA^asak~u [A night of scratching: there is no doubt respecting it: I scratch so that my fore arm, or my upper arm, (for sAEd is used in both of these senses,) is dislocated: the little black thing without ears having rendered me sleepless]: he means the fleas, using the sing. as a gen. n. (TA.) ― -b2- Also Having the ears cut off. (TA.) [This seems to be the primary, though not a usual, signification.] ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) [Having the ears stopped up: (see 8:) or] deaf. (K.) It is applied in this sense to the ostrich, because [they say that] he does not hear. (Lth, TA.) ― -b4- And AlA^asak~u was the name of A certain horse. (O, K.) ― -b5- See also sak~N. [A pulpit] nailed with nails of iron: but also said to be with $, [i. e. ma$okuwkN,] meaning ma$oduwdN [made firm or strong, &c.]. (TA.) skb , (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (A, TA,) inf. n. sukuwbN (S, A, Msb, K) and sakobN (Msb) and tasokaAbN, (S, [this last assigned in the K to the trans. verb,]) said of water, (S, A, Msb, K,) and a flow of tears (damoE), (A, TA,) and the like, (TA,) It poured out or forth; or was, or became, poured out or forth; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ Anskb. (S, K.) -A2- And sakabahu, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (A, TA,) inf. n. sakobN (S, Mgh, K) and tasokaAbN, (K, [the latter assigned in the S to the intrans. verb,]) He poured it out or forth; namely, water, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and a flow of tears, (A, TA,) and the like; (TA;) as also ↓ Askbhu. (A.) The people of El-Medeeneh say, Ausokubo EalaY yad aY~a Pour thou out, or forth, upon my hands. (A.) And it is said in a trad., haAhunaA tusokabu AlEabaraAtu [Here tears are to be poured forth], meaning this is the place in which one should weep, seeking forgiveness. (Mgh.) see the next preceding paragraph. see the next preceding paragraph. and ↓ saAkibN and ↓ sakuwbN and ↓ sayokabN (K) and ↓ sakiybN (CK [omitted in the TA and in my MS. copy of the K]) and ↓ A^usokuwbN (K) Water poured out or forth, or being poured out or forth: or poured out or forth, (K, TA,) running upon the surface of the earth without any excavation: (TA:) or the first signifies water poured out or forth; and is an inf. n. used as an epithet, like Sab~N and gaworN applied as epithets to water: and ↓ sakuwbN, water running upon the surface of the earth without any excavation: and ↓ A^usokuwbN, water pouring out or forth, or being poured out or forth; (S;) or, as some say, pouring much: (Har pp. 469 et seq.:) and also this last, running water: (TA:) or this signifies daAy^imu AlhaTalaAni [i. e. continually pouring, or continually pouring dispersedly and in large drops; as also sakobN; for hence it appears evident that AlhaTalaAnu Ald~aAy^imu as an explanation of Als~akobu and AlA^usokuwbu in the K is a mistake for Ald~aAy^imu AlhaTalaAni]; and is applied as an epithet to water and to blood; (A;) and also [probably in this sense] to clouds (saHaAbN); and to a wound made with a spear or the like (TaEonapN): and ↓saAkibN is applied as an epithet to tears (damoEN). (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence] sakobN applied to a horse means (tropical:) Wide in step: (S, A, K:) or fleet, or swift, or excellent in running; (A, K;) that runs much: (Mgh, TA:) or light, or active: and ↓ A^usokuwbN, so applied, has one or another of these meanings: (A:) or the former, thus applied, that runs vehemently; as also fayoDN; likened to water pouring forth: (EthThaalebee, TA:) also, (K, TA,) applied to a horse and a man and a boy, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) light of spirit; and brisk, lively, or sprightly, (K, TA,) in work, or action. (TA.) Als~akobu was the name of the first horse possessed by the Prophet; (Mgh, * K;) as also ↓ Als~akabu: and the name of a horse of Shebeeb Ibn-Mo'áwiyeh. (K.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) A certain sort of clothes, or garments, (T, S, K,) thin so as to resemble dust, and as though resembling pouring water by reason of its thinness; and so, accord. to IAar, ↓sakabN. (T, TA.) ― -b4- Applied to a man, (assumed tropical:) Tall; (K;) a dial. var. of saqobN [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b5- And (tropical:) A necessary thing or affair: (A, K, TA:) and (tropical:) a disgrace (sub~apN) that is necessary, or unavoidable. (A, TA.) Lakeet Ibn-Zurárah said to his brother Maabad, when he required him to ransom him with two hundred camels, he being a captive, numiyTu Eanoka $ayoy^FA yakuwnu EalaY A^aholi bayotika sub~apF sakobFA, meaning (tropical:) [We will put away from thee a thing that would be to the people of thy house] a necessary, or an unavoidable, disgrace. (TA.) -A2- Also Copper, or brass; syn. nuHaAsN: or lead: (IAar, K:) and so ↓ sakabN, (K,) in the latter sense, or in both senses, or in all the senses. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, latter half, in three places. -A2- Also A certain kind of tree, (S, K,) of sweet odour, (S,) as though its odour were that of [the perfume called] xaluwq [q. v.], growing apart from others, upon a single root, having a downy substance, and leaves like those of the SaEotar [a species of origanum, or marjoram], except in being more green: it grows in the plains and the valleys; and what has dried up thereof is of no use to any one: it has a fruit which is eaten, and the people of El-Hijáz make of it a [beverage such as is termed] nabiy*: its fruit does not grow forth in one year, but only in several years: AHn says that the sakab is a herb that rises to the height of a cubit, having dustcoloured leaves like those of the hinodabaA=' [or endive], and a blossom intensely white, of the form of that of the firosik [i. e. peach, or a species or variety thereof]: (TA:) n. un. with p: (S, TA:) As mentions the sakab as one of the plants of the plain, or soft, tracts. (TA.) ― -b2- It is also said to be The [plant called] ryH [app. ray~iH or riyH which seem to be coll. gen. ns. of each of which the n. un. is with p (see ray~iHapN)], having a yellow blossom. (TA.) ― -b3- And The anemone ($aqaAy^iqu Aln~uEomaAni). (K.) ― -b4- And One of the trees of the hot season. (TA.) and sakaAbi, the latter [indecl., with kesr for its termination,] like qaTaAmi, and ↓ sak~aAbN, [all app. meaning The fleet, or swift, like Als~akobu and AlA^usokuwbu,] are names of certain horses. (K: the second only mentioned in the S.) : see sakobN, in two places. : see sakobN. : see sakaAbN. : see sakobN, in two places. -A2- [And act. part. n. of sakabahu. Hence,] saAkibu AlmaA='i (assumed tropical:) [The sign of Aquarius;] the eleventh of the signs of the Zodiac; also called Ald~alowu. (Kzw.) : see sakobN The A^usokuf~ap [i. e. threshold] of a door. (K.) : see the next paragraph. : see sakobN, in three places. ― -b2- Also Lightning extending towards the earth. (K.) So in the saying of Zuheyr El-Mázinee, baroqN yuDiYo'u A^amaAma Albayoti A^usokuwbu [Lightning shining, or shining brightly, before the tent, or house, extending towards the earth]; as though it were pouring forth rain. (TA.) ― -b3- And A row of palm-trees; (IAar, K;) as also A^usoluwbN: if of other than palm-trees, it is termed A^unobuwbN, and midaAdN. (IAar, TA.) -A2- Also i. q. A_isokaAfN [A maker of shoes or boots, or a sewer of leather, &c.]; like ↓ A_isokaAbN: or a blacksmith. (K.) [altered in a copy of the A from Almasokabapu, which may perhaps be the right word,] The higher, or highest, rivulet, or small channel for irrigation, from which the other rivulets, or small channels, are supplied with water. (A.) ― -b2- [In a copy of the A (in art. sTb), AlmasoTabap, which I believe to be in that instance a mistranscription for Almskbp, occurs expl. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The Milky Way.] skbj He prepared sikobaAj. (TA.) an arabicized word, (O, Msb, K,) with kesr (Msb, K) to the s, not with fet-h, because there is no word of the measure faEolaAlN except of the reduplicate class [like zalozaAlN &c.], (Msb,) from siko, meaning “vinegar,” in Pers., and baAj, [arabicized from the Pers. baAhaA,] i. e. lawonN [as meaning “a sort,” or “species,” of food or viands]; (O; [in which it is erroneously said that baAj is in Pers. baAwaA;]) or from [the Pers.] sirokaho PaAJaho; [sirokaho meaning “vinegar;” and PaAJaho “sheeps' feet,” or “trotters;”] (TA;) [but the former derivation is evidently the more probable;] A well-known kind of food; (Msb;) flesh-meat cooked with vinegar: this is the best that is said [in explanation of the word]: (TA:) [in the present day, applied to a sort of food composed of flesh-meat, wheat-flour, and vinegar; and sometimes to other varieties of food, but vinegar, I believe, enters into the composition of them all: also called sikobaA; from the Pers. siko “vinegar,” and baA “spoon-meat:” accord. to Golius, on the authority of the Loghat NiametAllah Khaleel Soofee, a sort of food composed of flesh-meat cut in pieces, (to which are afterwards added raisins, a few figs, and some vetches,) with vinegar and honey, or acid syrop: and sikobaAju Albaqari is a name given to such food prepared with beef:] sikobaAjN A^aSofaru is a well-known sort of broth [or soup] in which is saffron, wherefore it is termed ASfr. (Mgh.) skbynj an arabicized word [from the Pers. sakobiynahN]; (O;) [Sagapenum;] a certain medicine, (O, K,) well-known; (K;) the gum of a certain tree (O, TA) in Persia, (TA,) [supposed to be the ferula Persica,] in which is no useful property, but only in its gum: some say that there is a sort of qin~ap [or galbanum] that changes from its original state and becomes skbynj. (O.) skt , (S, Msb, TA,) aor. , (Lth, TA,) inf. n. sukuwtN and sakotN (S, A, Msb, K) and sukaAtN (S, K) and saAkuwtapN, (K,) [all these ns. said in the K to signify the same, but this is not exactly the case, for the last is of an intensive form,] He was, or became, silent, mute, or speechless; contr. of naTaqa; (TA;) i. q. Samata: (Lth, Msb, TA:) or sakata is said of him who has the power, or faculty, of speech, but abstains from making use of it; whereas Samata is sometimes said of that which has not the power, or faculty, of speech: (Er-Rághib, MF, TA:) or sakata, aor. , inf. n. sukuwtN and sakotN, signifies he (a man) ceased, or stopped, speaking; and sakata, aor. , inf. n. sakotN, (assumed tropical:) he (a man) was, or became, still, or quiet; syn. sakana: (Zj, TA:) [it is said that] ↓ Askt, also, is syn. with Samata, like sakata; (Msb;) accord. to AZ, one says of a man, Samata and A^aSamata and sakata and ↓ A^asokata: (TA:) or, as some say, ↓ Askt signifies he was, or became, silent, or he spoke not; and he ceased [from speech], or broke off [therefrom], or became cut short [therein]: (Msb:) or sakata signifies he was, or became, silent intentionally; and ↓ Askt, he was, or became, silent by reason of thought or disease or fear: (TA:) or you say takal~ama vum~a sakata without A [when you mean he spoke and then became silent, i. e., intentionally]; (S) but you say ↓ Askt when you mean his speech became broken off, or cut short, and so he spoke not. (S, K.) It is said in a prov., sakata A^alofFA wnaTaqa xalofFA He held his tongue from a thousand words (sakata Eano A^alofi kalimapK), and then uttered what was wrong. (ISk, S and Msb in art. xlf.) And you say [of the quiescent h that is sometimes added at the end of a word, after a vowel or a letter of prolongation, as in lamo yaroDaho and waA zayodaAho], h`*ihi haA='u Als~akoti [This is the hA' of pausation]. (A, TA.) One says also, of a she-camel, sakatato, inf. n. sukuwtN, meaning She uttered not the [grumbling] cry termed rugaA=' when the saddle was put upon her. (ISd, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence sakata, aor. as above, inf. n. sakotN, as syn. with sakana, meaning as expl. above; and also (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, still, quiet, motionless, at rest, stilled, quieted, appeased, tranquillized, calm, allayed, assuaged, or quelled; it remitted; it subsided; and so ↓ Askt.] You say, Darabahu Hat~aY sakatato Harakatuhu (A) or Hrkth ↓ A^asokatato (TA) (tropical:) [He beat him until his motion became stilled]; and ↓ Ht~Y A^asokata (assumed tropical:) [until he became still]. (TA.) And sakata AlgaDabu i. q. sakana, (S, Msb, TA,) meaning fatara [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The anger remitted; or became stilled, appeased, or allayed]; (TA:) as also ↓ Askt: (Msb:) and sakata Eanohu AlgaDabu (tropical:) [Anger, or the anger, became stilled so that it departed from him]. (A.) Hence, in the Kur [vii. 153], walam~aA sakata Eano muwsaY AlgaDabu, (S,) meaning, accord. to Zj, sakana [i. e. (assumed tropical:) And when the anger became stilled so that it departed from Moses]: or, as some say, the phrase is inverted, the meaning being walam~aA sakata muwsaY Eani AlgaDabi [And when Moses was silent, ceasing from anger]: but the former is the explanation of those skilled in the Arabic language. (TA. [See also 4.]) You say also, sakata AlHar~u, meaning (assumed tropical:) The heat became vehement, or intense, the wind being still. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) He died: (K:) occurring in this sense in a trad. (TA.) ― -b4- saAkataniY fasakat~u: see 3. -A2- sakata said of a horse, [from Als~ukayotu,] He came in tenth in a race. (TA.) see 4, in two places. ↓ saAkataniY fasakat~u [may mean He kept silence with me and I was silent: or he vied with me in keeping silence and I surpassed therein: or it may have both of these meanings; both being agreeable with analogy]. (S, TA; in neither of which it is explained.) as an intrans. verb: see 1, in nine places. ― -b2- He turned away, and spoke not; occurring in this sense in a trad.: and Askt Eani Al$~aYo'i He turned away from the thing. (TA.) -A2- Askthu and ↓ sk~thu (S, A, Msb) both signify the same, said of God (S) [and of a man]; He made him, or rendered him, silent, mute, or speechless; (Msb;) [he silenced, or hushed, him;] namely, a person speaking. (A.) And Askthu EaniY [He made him to abstain from speaking of, or to, me]. (As, TA in art. nSt.) And Askt AlS~abiY~a bisukotapK [He silenced, or hushed, the child with a sukotap]. (Lh, S, A, K.) And A^usokita means He was silenced in a dispute or the like. (A, TA.) ― -b2- [And hence, (assumed tropical:) He stilled, quieted, appeased, tranquillized, calmed, allayed, assuaged, or quelled, it.] In the Kur vii. 153, some read, ↓ walam~aA sukita Eano muwsaY AlgaDabu and A^usokita [i. e. (assumed tropical:) And when the anger was stilled so that it was made to depart from Moses]. (Bd. [For the usual reading see 1, latter part.]) an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, &c.) ― -b2- And [hence,] A division [or pause] between two musical sounds, or notes, without breathing; (T, K, TA;) as also ↓ sakotapN. (TA.) -A2- See also sik~iytN, in two places. A single state of silence, muteness, or speechlessness. (Msb.) One says, lilojubolaY SaroxapN vum~a sakotapN [To the pregnant woman is attributable a vehement cry, then a silence]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- In prayer, A silence [or pause] after the commencement; [i. e. after what precedes the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án;] which is approved: and, in like manner, after the ending of the recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án. (T, TA.) ― -b3- See also sakotN. ― -b4- Also A certain disease [by which a person loses his powers of speech and motion], (S, K, TA,) well known among the physicians; (TA;) [i. e. apoplexy; thus called in the present day:] accord. to some, the word in this sense should be written ↓ sikotapN, because it denotes a mode [of silence or stillness]; but this is incorrect, being at variance with the authority of transmission. (TA.) ― -b5- See also the next paragraph: -A2- and see sik~iytN. : see sikotapN. ― -b2- Also A thing (S, A, Msb, K) of any kind (S) with which one silences, or hushes, or quiets, a child, (S, A, Msb, K,) or other person; (S, K;) [generally meaning a lullaby of any kind for a child:] and somewhat remaining in a bag or other receptacle, (K, TA,) i. e. of food. (TA.) One says, maA lahu sukotapN liEiyaAlihi, and ↓ sakotapN, meaning He has not any food with which to silence, or quiet his family, or household. (Lh, TA.) is a subst. from sakata; [signifying Silence, &c.; like sukuwtN used as a subst.;] as also ↓ sukotapN. (Lh, TA.) ― -b2- See also sakotapN. Constant, or continual, silence. (Msb.) Hence, by way of comparison, one says, AlA_ifoHaAmu sukaAtN [as though meaning The state of being silenced in a dispute, &c., is a state of constant, or continual, silence: but it seems to mean, more probably, AlAfHAm (as an act. inf. n.) is an act that silences; agreeably with what here follows]. (Msb.) ― -b2- ramaAhu bisukaAtK (AZ, M, K) and ↓ sukaAtapK, (AZ, S, M, A, K,) to which latter is generally added waSumaAtapK, (M, TA,) He (a man, S, M, and God, TA) smote him, or afflicted him, with a thing that silenced him; (S, A, K;) thought by ISd to mean, with anxiety, or grief, that silenced him, or a thing in consequence of which he became silent: not expl. by AZ. (TA.) ― -b3- [In like manner] one says also, ↓ ramaAhu biAlmusokitaAti [He smote him, or afflicted him, with the words, or acts, that silenced him]. (T in art. rm, from Aboo-Málik.) And bihi sukaAtN [He has in him that which makes him silent]: said of one long silent in consequence of disease (A, TA) or of some evil in him. (TA.) And A^aSaAba sukaAtFA He met with, or experienced, a disease that prevented him from speaking. (TA.) ― -b4- huwaEalaY sukaAti AlA^amori He is at the point of accomplishing the affair. (K.) And kunotu EalaY sukaAti h`*ihi AlHaAjapi I was at the point of attaining this want, or needful affair. (S.) ― -b5- Hay~apN sukaAtN (tropical:) A serpent that bites before one has knowledge of it; (S, A, K, TA;) as also ↓ sakuwtN. (TA.) : see sik~iytN. ― -b2- Applied to a she-camel, That does not utter the [grumbling] cry termed rugaA=' when the saddle is put upon her. (M, TA.) ― -b3- See also sukaAtN, last sentence. : see sik~iytN. ― -b2- Als~ukayotu and ↓ Als~uk~ayotu, (S, Msb, K,) sometimes pronounced thus with teshdeed, (S,) the former being the more common, (Msb,) The tenth horse in a race; i. e. the last of them; (Msb;) the last horse among those that start together in a race, (S, K,) of the ten that are reckoned; (S;) also called Alfisokil~u (S, Msb) and AlqaA$uwru; those that come in after this one not being reckoned. (S.) The other nine are thus called, beginning with the first of these: Almujal~iY, AlmuSal~iY, Almusal~iY, Alt~aAliY, AlmurotaAHu, AlEaATifu, AlHaZiY~u, Almuw^am~alu, and All~aTiymu. (TA.) Sb says that sukayotN is a contracted dim. of suk~ayotN; the uncontracted dim. of which is sukayokiytN. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence,] one says, fulaAnN sukayotu AlHalobapi [lit. Such a one is the tenth horse of those that are started together for a wager], meaning (tropical:) such a one is scrupulously nice and exact, or neat, [and therefore deliberate,] in his handicraft. (A, TA.) : see sukaAtN. : see sik~iytN. ― -b2- Als~uk~ayotu: see Als~ukayotu. (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ saAkuwtN (S, A, K) and ↓ sakuwtN (A, TA) and ↓ sukayotN and ↓ suk~ayotN and ↓ sikotiytN and ↓ saAkuwtapN, (K,) [all intensive epithets, and the last doubly intensive,] A man constantly, or continually, silent: (S in explanation of the first and second:) or much, or often, silent, (Msb in explanation of the first, and K in explanation of all above-cited therefrom,) restraining himself from speech; (Msb;) and ↓ sakotN signifies the same: (K:) and ↓ this last, [which is originally an inf. n., and therefore used as an intensive epithet, like EadolN &c.,] (AZ, K,) and ↓ saAkuwtN and ↓ saAkuwtapN and ↓ sakotapN, (TA,) [but the last, which is written in the TA without any syll. signs, is doubly intensive, as is also that next preceding it,] a man who speaks little, (AZ, K, TA,) without inability to express his mind, or to express what he would say, (AZ, TA,) and, when he speaks, does so well. (AZ, K, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. [part. n. of 1; Silent, &c.: pl. sukuwtN]. (TA.) : see sik~iytN; each in two places. : see sik~iytN; each in two places. The temperate days in the latter, or last, part of the Sayof [app. here meaning summer]. (K.) ― -b2- Remains of anything: (K:) as though pl. of sukotapN, before mentioned. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, (K,) or A^asokaAtN mina Aln~aAsi, (IAar, Lh,) Sundry, or scattered, parties, or classes, of people: (IAar:) or i. q. A^awobaA$N [i. e. a medley, or mixed multitude; or the lowest or basest or meanest sort, or refuse, or riffraff]: (Lh, K:) IAar does not assign to it a sing.: some say that its sing. is skt [app. sakotN]; but this demands consideration. (TA.) , of the measure A_ifoEaAlapN from Als~ukuwtu; A silence [or pause] of short duration, requiring something to be said or read or recited after it: or an abstaining from elevating the voice in speech; not an absolute silence, in which one ceases, or abstains, from reading or reciting or speaking; for it occurs in a trad. in the words, maA taquwlu fiY A_isokaAtatika [What dost thou say in thy AskAtp?]. (IAth, TA.) : see sukaAtN. The last of the qidaAH [or arrows used in the game called Almayosir]. (K.) This is omitted in some of the copies of the K. (MF.) The secrets of the science of the Divine Essence. (TA in art. Hkm, q. v.) skr , aor. , inf. n. sakarN (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and sukorN, (A, Mgh, K,) or this is a simple subst., (S, Msb,) and sukurN and sakorN (K) and sikarN (Msb) and sakaraAnN, (K,) He was, or became, intoxicated, inebriated, or drunken; (MA, KL, &c.;) contr. of SaHaA. (S, A, K.) [See also sukorN, below.] ― -b2- [Hence,] sakira EalaY~afulaAnN, (A,) inf. n. sakarN, (K,) (tropical:) Such a one was, or became, violently angry with me: (A:) or angry; or enraged. (K.) And lahu EalaY~a sakarN (tropical:) He has violent anger against me. (A.) ― -b3- And sakirato A^aboSaArunaA; and sakirat A^aboSaAru Alqawomi; and sakirato Eayonuhu: see 2. ― -b4- Also sakira, aor. , (TK,) inf. n. sakarN, (IAar, K,) It (a wateringtrough, or tank, TK) was, or became, full. (IAar, K, TK.) ― -b5- And sakirati Alr~iyHu, (A, and so in my MS. copy of the K,) or sakarat, (S, O, and so in the CK,) aor. , (S, O,) or, as some relate a verse of Jendel Ibn-El-Muthennà Et- Tuhawee, in which it occurs, , (O,) [indicating that the pret. is sakirat or that the aor. is irreg.,] inf. n. sukuwrN (S, O, K) and sakaraAnN, (K,) (tropical:) The wind became still, (S, A, O, K,) after blowing. (S.) And sakara, [or sakira,] inf. n. sukuwrN, (tropical:) It (water) became still, ceasing to run: so says AZ: and (tropical:) it (the sea) became calm, or motionless: so says IAar. (TA.) And sakira, (A,) or sakara, aor. , (TA,) (tropical:) It (food [in a cooking-pot], or hot water, A, or a hot thing, TA) ceased to boil, or estuate, (A, TA,) or to burn, or be hot: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) it (heat) became allayed, or it subsided. (TA.) -A2- sakarahu: see 4. ― -b2- Also, (IAar, TA,) aor. , (TK,) inf. n. sakorN, (K,) He filled it. (IAar, K, * TA.) ― -b3- Also, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (S, Msb,) and so the inf. n.; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and ↓ sk~rhu, inf. n. tasokiyrN; (MF;) He stopped it up, or dammed it; namely, a river, or rivulet. (S, Mgh, Msb, K, MF.) And hence, sakara AlbaAba, and ↓ sk~rhu, (assumed tropical:) He closed, or stopped up, the door. (TA.) ― -b4- sukirato A^aboSaArunaA: see 2. : see 4. ― -b2- And see also 1, last two explanations. ― -b3- sukirato A^aboSaArunaA, in the Kur [xv. 15], means (tropical:) Our eyes have been prevented from seeing, and dazzled: (S, K:) or have been covered over: (Aboo-' Amr Ibn-El-' Alà, S, K:) and ↓ sukirato, without teshdeed, have been prevented from seeing: (Fr, K: *) or this latter, which is the reading of El-Hasan, means, accord. to him, have been enchanted: (S:) or both mean, have been covered and closed by enchantment, so that we imagined ourselves to behold things which we did not really see: (T, TA:) Mujáhid explains the latter reading as meaning, have been stopped up; i. e., have been covered by that which prevented their seeing, like as water is prevented from flowing by a sikor [or dam]: (A 'Obeyd:) and another reading is ↓ sakirato, meaning, have become dazzled, like those of the intoxicated: (Ksh, Bd: *) AO says that A^aboSaAru Alqawomi ↓ sakirato means (tropical:) The people became affected by a giddiness; and an affection like cloudiness of the eye, or weakness of the sight, came over them, so that they did not see; and Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà says that this signification is derived from sukorN; as though their eyes were intoxicated: Zj says that Eayonuhu ↓ sakirato means (assumed tropical:) his eye became dazzled, and ceased to see. (TA.) ― -b4- suk~ira liloHaAjapi, meaning (assumed tropical:) His judgment, or opinion, was confused respecting the object of want, is said of a man only before he has determined upon the thing alluded to. (TA.) ― -b5- sk~rhu, inf. n. tasokiyrN, also signifies He squeezed his throat, or throttled him. (S, K.) One says, AlbaEiyru yusak~iru A=xara bi*iraAEihi Hat~aY yakaAdu yaqotuluhu [The camel throttles another with his arm so that he almost kills him]. (S.) It (wine, or beverage,) intoxicated, or inebriated, him; (S, A;) or deprived him of his reason; (Msb;) as also, accord. to some, ↓ sakarahu; (MF, TA;) but the former is that which commonly obtains; (TA;) [and ↓ sk~rhu has the same signification; or its inf. n.] tasokiyrN signifies the causing, or making, to be affected with the remains of intoxication. (KL. [See the pass. part. n. of this last, below.]) The first is also said of qryD [app. a mistranscription for qryS, which may be syn. with qaAriSN, meaning “ sour milk, ” for this has an effect like intoxication when too much of it has been drunk]; and thus applied it is tropical. (TA.) He feigned intoxication, or a state of drunkenness. (S, A. *) The udder became full of milk. (MA.) ― -b2- And Astkrt Als~amaA='u The sky rained vehemently. (MA.) : see sakoraAnu: -A2- and sikorN. -A3- Also A certain herb, or leguminous plant, (baqolapN,) of such as are termed A^aHoraAr [pl. of Hur~N], (Aboo-Nasr, K,) which is of the best of buquwl: (TA as from the K: [but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the CK:]) AHn says that no description of its general attributes or qualities had come to his knowledge. (TA.) an inf. n., (A, Mgh, K,) or a simple subst., signifying Intoxication, inebriation, or drunkenness; i. e. the state thereof; (S, Msb;) a state that intervenes as an obstruction between a man and his intellect; mostly used in relation to intoxicating drinks: but sometimes as meaning (assumed tropical:) such a state arising from anger, or from the passion of love: a poet says, sukoraAni sukoru hawFY wasukoru mudaAmapK A^an~aY yufiyqu fatFY bihi sukoraAni [Two intoxications, the intoxication of love and the intoxication of wine: how shall a youth recover his senses in whom are two intoxications?]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) a subst. from Als~akoru (Mgh, K) as meaning “ the stopping up, or damming, ” of the river, or rivulet; (K;) i. e. A dam; a thing with which a river, or rivulet, is stopped up; (S, * Msb, K, TA;) and ↓ sakorN, originally an inf. n., occurs in the same sense: (Mgh:) the pl. of the former is sukuwrN. (K.) Wine: (K:) so, accord. to Fr and others in the Kur [xvi. 69], tat~axi*uwna minohu sakarFA warizoqFA HasanFA, meaning, ye obtain therefrom wine, and raisins and dried dates and the like; this being said before wine was prohibited: (TA:) and the [beverage called] nabiy* (S, A) prepared from dried dates: (S:) so in the Kur, ubi suprà: (S:) or the expressed juice of fresh ripe dates when it has become strong; (Mgh, Msb;) originally an inf. n.: (Mgh:) or an infusion of dried dates, untouched by fire: (A 'Obeyd:) a beverage, (A,) or nabiy*, (K,) made from dried dates and from ka$uwv [a species of cuscuta, or dodder] (A, K) and myrtle, A=s, (A,) which is the most bitter beverage in the world, (A,) and forbidden like wine; (TA;) or made from dried dates and k$wv, disposed layer upon layer, upon which water is poured; and some assert that sometimes myrtle (A=s) is mixed with it, and this increases its strength: (AHn:) also anything that intoxicates: (K:) and what is forbidden [that is obtained] from fruit (I'Ab, T, K) [of the palm-tree and grape vine], meaning wine, before its being forbidden; and Alr~izoqu AlHasanu is what is lawful [that is obtained] from grapes and dates: (I 'Ab, T, TA:) and vinegar; (K;) accord. to some of the expositors of the Kur, ubi suprà; but this is a meaning unknown to the leading lexicologists: (B, TA:) and food: (K:) so accord. to AO alone; as in the following saying of a poet; jaEalota A^aEoraADa AlkiraAmi sakaraA [Thou hast made the reputations of the generous to be food: or] thou hast made the vituperation of the generous to be food to thee: but the leading lexicologists disallow this; and Zj says that the more probable meaning here is wine. (TA.) : see sakoraAnu: ― -b2- and sikiyrN. A fit of intoxication: (A, Mgh:) pl. sakaraAtN. (Mgh.) You say, *ahaba bayona AlS~aHowapi waAls~akorapi He went away in state between that of sensibility and insensibility, or mental perception and inability thereof. (TA.) ― -b2- And (tropical:) A fit of anger. (TA.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) An overpowering sensation of delight, affecting youth. (TA.) ― -b4- sakorapu Almawoti (tropical:) [The intoxication of death; meaning] the confusion of the intellect by reason of the severity of the agony of death: (B, TA:) the oppressive sensation attendant upon death, which deprives the sufferer of reason: (Bd in 1. 18:) the oppressive sensation, (S, A, * Mgh, K,) and disturbance of the mind, and insensibility, (K,) attendant upon death. (S, * A, Mgh, K.) And in like manner, sakorapu Alhami, (K,) and Aln~awomi, (TA,) (tropical:) The oppressive sensation, &c., attendant upon anxiety, (K,) and upon sleep. (TA.) I. q. $ayolamN; (K;) [or resembling the $ayolam; (see zuw^aAnN;) a certain plant, app. called by the former name because a decoction thereof is used as an anæsthetic; said to be] the same that is called murayoraA='u, that is [often found] in wheat. (TA.) (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and sakoraAnN, (TA,) which latter is seldom used, and is of the dial. of the Benoo-Asad, as is said in the S and Msb of its fem., (TA,) and ↓ sakorN; (K; [in the TA ↓ sakirN, but this is afterwards mentioned in the K as an intensive epithet;]) fem. [of the first,] sakoraY; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and [of the second,] sakoraAnapN; (S, Msb, K;) and [of the third,] sakorapN; (K; [in the TA sakirahN;]) Intoxicated; inebriated; drunken: (S, Msb, K:) [see sukorN:] pl. sukaAraY [which is said in the TA to be also pl. of sakirN] and sakaAraY, (S, Msb, K:) of which the former is the more common, or, as some say, the latter, and the former of which is said to be the only instance of the kind, except kusaAlaY and EujaAlaY and guyaAraY, (TA,) [to which should be added HuyaAraY, and probably some other instances,] and sakoraY; (S, K;) or this is a fem. sing. applied as an epithet to a pl. n.; (Fr;) and in the Kur iv. 46, ElAamash read sukoraY, with damm, which is very strange, since no pl. of the measure fuEolaY is known. (TA.) Th says that the words of the Kur [iv. 46] laA taqorabuwAA@lS~alaApa waA^anotumo sukaAraY [Engage ye not in prayer when ye are intoxicated] was said before the prohibition of wine was revealed: others say that the meaning is, when ye are intoxicated with sleep. (TA.) , written by Sh sukorukapN: see art. skrk. (TA.) : see sikiyrN. [Sugar;] a certain sweet substance, (TA,) well known: (Msb, TA:) a Pers. word, (S,) arabicized, (S, K,) from $akaro: (K:) n. un. with p [signifying a piece of sugar]: (S, K:) it is hot and moist, accord. to the most correct opinion; but some say, cold: and the best sort of it is the transparent, called Tabaroza*N; and the old is more delicate than the new: it is injurious to the stomach, engendering yellow bile; but the juice of the layomuwn and naAranoj counteract its noxiousness: it is said to be a word recently introduced; but some say that it occurs in one trad. (TA.) ― -b2- Also Like suk~ar [or sugar] in sweetness: so used by Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee. (TA.) ― -b3- Also A certain kind of sweet fresh ripe dates; (K;) a sort of fresh ripe dates, likened to sugar in sweetness: (Mgh:) or a kind of very sweet dates; (AHát, T, Msb;) known to the people of ElBahreyn, (T,) and in Sijilmáseh and Dar'ah, and, as some say, in El-Medeeneh, where, how- ever, they require to be dried artificially. (MF.) ― -b4- A kind of grapes, which, being affected by what is termed maraq, fall off, (K,) for the most part: their bunches are of middling size; and they are white, juicy, and very sweet, (TA,) of the best kinds of grapes; (K;) and are made into raisins. (TA.) [Sugary; saccharine. ― -b2- And] Cake containing sugar, or barley-sugar, with almonds, or pistachio-nuts. (MA.) One who makes, or sells, the beverage called nabiy*; syn. nab~aA*N. (S, K.) One who intoxicates himself much, or often; a drunkard; a tippler; (K;) as also ↓ misokiyrN (S, K) and ↓ sakuwrN (IAar, K) and ↓ sakirN: (K:) or constantly intoxicated: (S:) the pl. of sakirN is sukaAraY, which is also pl. of sakoraAnu. (TA.) (tropical:) Wind becoming still. (A.) And layolapN saAkirapN (tropical:) A still night; a night in which the wind is still; (S, * A;) a night in which there is no wind. (TA.) And maA='N saAkirN (tropical:) Still, not running, water. (AZ, TA.) A certain plant, always green, the grain whereof is eaten: (K: [but this description seems to be an incorrect abstract of what here follows:]) Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn] says, it is of the plants that continue green throughout the whole of the summer: I asked a sheykh of the Arabs of Syria, and he said, it is the suxar, [correctly sux~ar,] and we eat it in its fresh state, with what an eating! and, he said, it has green grains, like the grain of the raAziyaAnaj [or fennel], except that they are round: (O:) [in the present day, it is applied to henbane, or a species thereof: accord. to Forskål, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. lxiii.,) hyoscyamus datora. See also $ayokuraAnN.] Affected with the remains of intoxication. (S, K.) : see sikiyrN. skrj , or sukur~ajapN, accord. to different authorities, (TA,) or both, (MF,) not an Arabic word, but occurring in a trad.; [arabicized from the Pers. sukoraJahN, meaning A saucer;] a sort of small bowl-shaped vessel, in [or out of] which one eats: it is of two sizes; the larger holding six ounces; and the smaller, three ounces, or four mithkáls, or between two thirds of an ounce [and some other quantity more or less (for there is an omission in this place in my original)]: in such vessels, placed upon the tables, around the meats, the Arabs used to put sauces and the like to excite the appetite and to aid digestion: expl. by Ed-Dáwoodee as a small, varnished, bowlshaped vessel. (TA.) skrk , (Mgh, and so in some copies of the K,) thus written by IAth, (TA,) [and thus in copies of the S and A voce mizorN, and of the S and K voce suquroqaEN, and of the Mgh and Msb and K voce gubayoraA='u, &c.,] or sukorukapN, thus written by Sh, (TA in art. skr, and thus in a copy of the K,) an Abyssinian word, (TA,) arabicized, (Mgh, TA,) A certain beverage, (Mgh, K, TA,) of the Abyssinians, (Mgh,) prepared from *urap [or millet], (Mgh, K, TA,) which intoxicates; the wine of the Abyssinians; also called suquroqaEN [q. v.], (TA,) and gubayoraA='u, (Mgh and Msb and K in art. gbr, and TA in the present art.,) and mizorN [q. v.]. (A in art. mzr.) skf , (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA,) and baAbahu, (TA in art, Etb,) aor. , (K,) I did not tread, or have not trodden, upon the threshold of the door, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA,) and of his door; (TA;) as also ↓ mA tasak~afotuhu: (K:) and lahu baAbFA ↓ laA A^atasak~afu [I will not tread upon the threshold of a door of his; or] I will not enter a house, or chamber, of his. (Z, TA.) , (inf. n. A_isokaAfN, Msb,) He was, or became, an A_isokaAf [q. v. infrà]. (IAar, T, Msb, K.) see 1, in two places. The craft, or handicraft, of the A_isokaAf [q. v.]: (K:) termed by Lth an inf. n., the source of AlA_isokaAfu, having no [unaugmented] verb. (TA.) : see A_isokaAfN. The lintel of a door, in which turns the SaAy^ir, (O, K, TA,) this latter word meaning [the upper and] the lower extremity of the door, the upper of which turns [in a socket in the lintel, and the lower in a socket in the threshold]: so says En-Nadr. (O, TA. [The explanation of SaAy^irN in the O seems to have been mutilated by a copyist, and requires the additions which I have made, according to modern usage.]) : see A_isokaAfN. : see A_isokaAfN, in two places. The parts on which grow the eyelashes of the two eyes: (IAar, K:) or the lower eyelids. (Z, K.) The threshold of a door, (S, O, K,) upon which one treads; (O, K;) as also ↓ A^usokuwfapN: (TA:) or the lintel of a door: and sometimes [or rather almost universally] used in the former sense, which is the only meaning mentioned in the T [and] in the Abridgment of the 'Eyn [and in most other lexicons]: pl, AskAf [app. A^asokaAfN, and, if so, anomalous]. (Msb.) -A2- Also The xrqp [i. e. xiroqap, or rag, or ragged garment, or perhaps it is a mistranscription for Hirofap, i. e. craft, or handicraft, like sikaAfapN,] of the A_isokaAf: extr.: on the authority of Fr. (TA.) (Sh, S, M, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ A^usokuwfN (Sh, S, M, K) and ↓ A^asokafN and ↓ sak~aAfN and ↓ sayokafN (K) A maker of boots, (Sh, Msb, K,) or of shoes or sandals; (MA;) or a sewer of boots &c.: (Msb;) or the first word, (Msb, K, TA,) as used by the Arabs [of the desert], (Msb, TA,) any artificer, or artisan, (Msb, K, TA,) thus expl. in the M, and so its three [perhaps a mistake for four] dial. vars., but said by J [in the S] to be a meaning not known, (TA,) except the maker of boots, for he is called ↓ A^asokafN, (K, TA,) i. e. when they mean such as is called A_isokaAfN in the cities or towns or villages: (TA:) or a carpenter; (K;) in which sense it is used by Esh-Shemmákh, but J says, [in the S,] only on the ground of supposition; (TA;) and any handicraftsman who works with an iron tool: (AA, K, * TA:) pl. A^asaAkifapN (S, Msb, TA) [and A^asaAkiyfu]. ― -b2- Also the first word, Skilful with an affair. (O, K.) Sh says, I heard El-Fak'asee say, A_in~aka lA_isokaAfN bih`*aA AlA^amori, meaning Verily thou art skilful with this affair. (O.) -A2- Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, AlA_isokaAfu is also used (O, K) by Ibn-Mukbil (O) as meaning The redness of wine: but this is a mistranscription, (O, K,) and a perversion of the meaning: (O:) the right word is AlA_isokaAb. (O, K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see A^usokuf~apN. skn , (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) aor. , (L,) inf. n. sukuwnN, (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) said of a thing, (S, L,) of a thing that moves, (Mgh, Msb,) It was, or became, still, motionless, stationary, in a state of rest, quiet, calm, or unruffled, (hadaA^a, Abu-l-'Abbás, L, or qar~a, K,) after motion; (Abu-l-'Abbás, L;) its motion [ceased, or] went away; (L, Msb;) and in like manner said of a man, and of a beast: (Abu-l-'Abbás, L:) and said of anything such as wind and heat and cold and the like; of rain; [and of pain;] and of anger; [&c.;] it was, or became, still, calm, tranquillized, appeased, allayed, assuaged, or quelled; [it died away, passed away, or ceased to be: and it remitted, or subsided; became alleviated, light, slight, or gentle:] and said of a man [or beast or the like, and of a voice or sound], he [or it] was, or became, still, or silent. (L.) [Hence,] one says, sakana Ald~amoEu, and Ald~amu, meaning raqaA^a [The tears, and the blood, stopped, or ceased to flow]. (S and Mgh in art. rqAN.) [And one says of heat, and cold, and pain, &c., sakana Eanohu It passed away from him; quitted him. And sakanati Aln~aAru The fire became extinguished; or became allayed or assuaged; subsided; or ceased to flame or blaze or burn fiercely,] ― -b2- [Hence also, It (a letter) was or became, quiescent; i. e., without a vowel immediately following it; contr. of taHar~aka.] ― -b3- And sakana A_ilayohi, (Msb, [where the aor. is said to be , but this is either a mistake or rare, for the aor. accord. to common usage is , as in the Kur vii.] 189 and xxx. 20,]) inf. n. sukuwnN (Mgh, Msb) and sakanN, (Msb,) He trusted to it, or relied upon it, so as to be, or become, easy, or quiet, in mind; i. q. rakana A_ilayohi; (S and K &c. in art. rkn;) and AiTomaA^an~a A_ilayohi; (TA in art. Tmn;) [and AiEotamada Ealayohi; and waviqa bihi; &c.; and he inclined to it; syn. maAla A_ilayohi; and became familiar with it; syn. AisutaA^onasa bihi, and A^alifa; agreeably with explanations here following;] namely, a thing: (Msb:) and sakana A_ilayohaA, aor. , he trusted to her, or relied upon her, so as to be, or become, easy, or quiet, in mind; &c., as above; syn. AiTomaA^an~a A_ilayohaA; (Ksh and Bd in vii. 189, and Ksh in xxx. 20;) and maAla A_ilayohaA; (Ksh in vii. 189, and the same and Bd in xxx. 20;) and AisotaA^onasa bihaA, and A^alifa; (Bd in the same two places;) namely, his wife. (Ksh and Bd.) ― -b4- And sakana Al~adAra, (S, MA, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) and fiY Ald~aAri, (Mgh, Msb,) and biAlmakaAni, (L,) aor. , (L, Msb, JM,) inf. n. sukonaY (MA, Mgh, L, JM) and sukuwnN (MA, L) and sukonN, (MA,) or ↓ sukonaY is a simple subst., and the inf. n. is skn, (Msb, [accord. to which the latter is app. sakanN, for it is there said that the verb in this case is like Talaba, the unaugmented inf. n. of which is TalabN, but this inf. n. sakanu I have not found elsewhere, and what is generally used as the inf. n. or quasi-inf. n. of the verb in this case is ↓ sukonaY,]) or ↓ sukonaY is a subst. in the sense of A_isokaAnN, as expl. below, (Mgh,) [or rather it is also a subst. in this sense,] He inhabited, or dwelt or abode in, the house [and the place]. (MA, Mgh.) walahu maA sakana fiY A@ll~ayoli waA@ln~ahaAri, in the Kur [vi. 13], is from Als~ukonaY (Ksh, Bd) or from Als~ukuwnu: (Bd:) if from the former, (Ksh, Bd,) it signifies To Him belongeth what taketh up its abode in the night and the day; (IAar, Ksh, * Bd, * L, Jel;) meaning, what the night and the day include within their limits: (Ksh, * Bd:) or, if from Als~ukuwnu, (Bd,) what is still, or motionless, (Abu-l-'Abbás, Bd, L,) and what moves; one of the two contraries being mentioned as sufficient [to show what is intended] without the other; (Bd;) app. meaning the creation, collectively, or all created beings. (Abu-l-'Abbás, L.) ― -b5- And sakana, (L, K,) aor. , (K,) He became such as is termed misokiyn [q. v.]; (L, K;) as also sakuna, (K,) and ↓ Askn, and ↓ tsk~n, and ↓ tamasokana: (L, K:) and [thus it means particularly] he was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive; and low, abject, abased, and weak; as also ↓ Askn, (L,) and ↓ tsk~n, and ↓ tamasokana; (S, * L;) the former of these being the regular form, (S, L,) and the more common and more chaste; (L;) the latter of them anomalous, [from Almisokiynu,] like tamanodala from Alminodiylu, and tamadoraEa from AlmidoraEapu; (S, L;) and ↓ Astkn, (L, Msb,) and ↓ AisotakaAna, of the measure AifotaEala (L, Msb, K) from Almasokanapu (L, K) or from Als~ukuwnu, (Msb,) with A added, (L, Msb,) the vowel of the medial radical letter being thus rendered full in sound, (L, Msb, K,) or it is of the measure AisotafoEala from Alkiynapu, signifying “ evil state or condition, ” (Msb,) or from Alkayonu signifying “ the [piece of] flesh in the interior of the vulva, ” because he who is lowly and abject is the most obscure of mankind. (L. [See also arts. kwn and kyn.]) , (S, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. tasokiynN, (S, L, K,) He, or it, caused it to be, or become, still, motionless, stationary, in a state of rest, quiet, calm, or unruffled; (S, * L, Msb, K;) namely, a thing: (S, L, Msb:) [and caused it, namely, anything such as wind, and heat, and cold, and the like, as rain, and pain, and anger, to be, or become, still, or calm; stilled, calmed, tranquillized, appeased, allayed, assuaged, or quelled, it; caused it to die away, pass away, or cease to be: and caused it to remit, or subside; to become alleviated, light, slight, or gentle: and caused him, and it, namely, a man or beast or the like, and a voice or sound, to become still, or silent: (see 1, first sentence:)] and ↓ Asknhu signifies the same. (L.) [Hence,] one says of God, sk~n damoEahu, meaning A^aroqaA^ahu [He caused his tears to stop, or cease flowing]. (S and TA in art. rqA^.) ― -b2- [And hence, He made it (a letter) quiescent; i. e., made it to be without a vowel immediately following it; contr. of Har~akahu.] -A2- tasokiynN also signifies The straightening a cane, or spear, (SaEodap,) with fire [which is termed Als~akan]. (IAar, L, K.) -A3- And The constantly riding a light and swift ass which is termed sukayon. (IAar, L, K.) , inf. n. musaAkanapN, i. q. jaAwarahu [meaning He lived in his neighbourhood, or near to him]. (TA in art. jwr.) : see 1, near the end, in two places. -A2- Asknhu: see 2, first sentence. ― -b2- [Hence,] said of poverty, It made him to be little, or seldom, in motion. (Aboo-Is-hák, L, K.) ― -b3- And, said of God, He made him to be such as is termed misokiyn [q. v.]. (L, K.) ― -b4- And Asknhu Ald~aAra, (S, L, Msb, K,) or Almanozila, (MA,) He made him [or gave him] to inhabit the house, or abode; (S, * MA, L, * Msb, * K; *) he lodged him therein. (MA.) , said of a man, is from Als~akiynapu [i. e. He had, or possessed, or affected, the quality thus termed; meaning he was, or became, or affected to be, calm, tranquil, grave, staid, steady, or sedate; &c.]. (L.) See also Q. Q. 2, below: and see 1, above, near the end, in two places. , and its var. or syn. AisotakaAna: see 1, near the end. He affected to be like, or he imitated, such as are termed masaAkiyn [pl. of misokiynN, q. v.]. (IAth, L.) ― -b2- See also 1, near the end, in two places. You say, tamasokana lirabihi He humbled, or abased, himself to his Lord; or addressed himself with earnest, or energetic, supplication to Him: and ↓ tsk~n is like tamasokana. (Lh, L.) , a quasi-pl. n. of ↓ saAkinN, like as $arobN is of $aAribN, called by Akh a pl., (L,) The inhabitants, people, or family, of a house or tent; (S, L, K;) a household. (L.) ― -b2- And The collective body of the people of a tribe: one says, taHam~ala Als~akonu fa*ahabuwA [The collective body of the people of the tribe bound the loads, or burdens, upon their beasts, and went away]. (Lh, L.) ― -b3- See also sakanN. ― -b4- And see the paragraph here next following. : see sukonaY. ― -b2- And see also masokanN, in three places. ― -b3- Also, (L, JM, [thus written in both, and expressly said in the latter to be “ with damm, ”]) or ↓ sakanN, (thus in copies of the K,) or ↓ sakonN, (thus in the CK,) [but the first is app. the right,] Food, aliment, or victuals, syn. quwtN; (L, K, JM;) like nuzolN meaning “ food (TaEaAm, L, JM) of a party alighting to partake of it, ” and said to be called sukonN because by means of it a place is inhabited, like as the nuzol of an army means the “ appointed rations of an army alighting at a place. ” (L.) A thing, (S, L, Msb, K,) of any kind, (S, L,) to which one trusts, or upon which one relies, so as to be, or become, easy, or quiet, in mind; (S, L, Msb, K;) and in like manner, a person, or persons, to whom one trusts, &c.: applied in this sense to a family, or wife, (L, Msb,) as well as to property, (Msb,) &c.: (L, Msb:) and hence [particularly] signifying a wife. (L.) One says, [app. using it in this sense, as seems to be indicated by the context in the S,] fulaAnN A^obonu Als~akani [Such a one is the son of the sakan]; and As used to say ↓ Als~akoni: (S, L:) accord. to Ibn-Habeeb, one says sakan and sakon. (L.) And it is said in the Kur [vi. 96], jaEala A^oll~ayola sakanFA He hath made, or appointed, the night to be a resource for ease, or quiet. (L.) And in the same [ix. 104], A_in~a SalawaAtika sakanN lahumo, i. e. [Verily thy prayers for forgiveness are] a cause of ease, or quiet, to them. (Zj, L.) [And ↓ sukonapN seems to have a similar meaning: for] ISh says, tagoTiyapu Alwajohi Einoda Aln~awomi sukonapN, app. [The covering of the face on the occasion of sleep is a cause of ease, or quiet,] in the case of loneliness, or of fear arising therefrom. (L.) And it is said in a trad., Aall~`hum~a A^anozilo EalayonaA fiY A^aroDinA sakanahaA, meaning O God, send down upon us, in our land, the succour, or relief, of its inhabitants, [app. alluding to rain,] to which they may trust so as to be easy, or quiet, in mind. (L.) ― -b2- Also i. q. masokinN. (Lh, L, and Ham p. 400.) See the latter word, in three places. ― -b3- And Fire; [app. first applied thereto as being a cause of ease, or comfort;] (S, L, K;) as in the saying [of a rájiz], wasakanK tuwqadu fiYmiZal~aho [And a fire kindled in a large tent of hair-cloth, or in a booth, or shed], (S, L,) describing himself as driven to have recourse thereto by the night, and by a moist wind, or a wind cold with moisture; and [afterwards used without any allusion to its being a cause of ease, or comfort,] as in the saying of another, describing a cane, A^aqaAmahaA bisakanK waA^adohaAno meaning He straightened it with fire and oils. (L.) ― -b4- And Mercy, pity, or compassion. (K, [See also sakiynapN.]) ― -b5- And i. q. barakapN [A blessing; prosperity, or good fortune; increase; &c.]. (K.) -A2- See also sukonN: -A3- and sukonaY: -A4- and see saA=kinN. [ A quiescence of a letter; its having no vowel immediately following; opposed to HarakapN: pl. sakanaAtN.] ― -b2- tarakotuhumo EalaY sakanaAtihimo: see sakinapN. : see sakanN. A place; [properly] a place of habitation or abode: pl. sakinaAtN. (L.) It is said in a trad., Aisotaqir~uwA EalaY sakinaAtikumo faqadi A@noqaTaEati Alhijorapu, (S, L, K, *) i. e. Rest ye, or remain ye, at your places, (S, L,) or in your places of habitation or abode, (S, L, K,) for emigration has [ended, having] become no longer needful. (L.) And one says, Aln~aAsu EalaY sakinaAtihimo, [virtually] meaning, accord. to Fr, The people are in their right state: (S, L:) and in like manner is expl. the saying, tarakotuhumo EalaY sakinaAtihimo and ↓ sakanaAtihimo and nazalaAtihimo; but the approved explanation is, [I left them] at their places of habitation, which is that of Th; or, as in the M, their places of alighting, or abode. (L.) ― -b2- Also The part, of the neck, which is the resting-place of the head. (S, L, K.) So in the saying, (S, L,) attributed to several poets, (L,) biDarobi yuziylu AlhaAma Eano sakinaAtihi [With a smiting that removes the heads from their resting-places on the necks]. (S, L.) is an inf. n. of sakana in the phrase sakana Ald~aAra: (MA, Mgh, L, JM:) or a simple subst. therefrom: (Msb:) or a subst. in the sense of A_isokaAnN, like ruqobaY in the sense of A_iroqaAbN: (Mgh:) see 1, in three places: or it is a subst. (S, L, K) also (L) from A^asokanahu Ald~aAra, (S, L, K,) like as EutobaY is from A_iEotaAbN, (S, L,) and so is ↓ sakanN, (Lh, L, K,) [which is app. mentioned in the Msb as an inf. n. of the former verb,] signifying, as also ↓ sukonN, [so in one place, as on the authority of Lth, in the L, and said in the MA to be, like sukonaY, an inf. n. of the verb first mentioned above,] The making [or giving] a man a place, or an abode, to inhabit, without rent; (L, and Ham p. 400 in explanation of the first of these words;) the term sukonaY being similar to EumoraY. (L.) ― -b2- See also masokanN, in five places. An ass light, or active, and quick, or swift: and sukayonapN is applied to a she-ass (L, K) in the same sense. (L.) ― -b2- Hence the latter is used as a name for (assumed tropical:) A girl, or young woman, or a female slave, that is of a light, or an active, spirit. (L.) ― -b3- The former also signifies A wild ass. (L.) ― -b4- And Als~ukayonapu is the name of The gnat that entered into the nose of Numrood [or Nimrod]. (L, K.) (S, L, Msb, K) and ↓ sik~iynapN (Ks, L, K) and ↓ sak~iynapN, (L, Msb,) mentioned in the “ Nawádir, ” (Msb,) on the authority of AZ, (L,) but of a measure of which there is no [other] known instance, (L, Msb,) Calmness, or tranquillity; (S, L, Msb, K;) gravity, staidness, steadiness, or sedateness; (S, L, Msb;) and a quality inspiring reverence or veneration: (Msb:) and, as some say, mercy, pity, or compassion: [see also sakanN:] and aid or assistance; or victory or conquest: and a thing whereby a man is calmed, or tranquillized: (L:) pl. of the first word sakaAy^inu. (Har p. 62.) One says of a man who is calm or tranquil, or grave &c., Ealayohi Als~akiynapu [Upon him is resting, or abiding, calmness &c.]. (L.) And it is said in a trad., respecting the Prophet, on the occasion of the coming down of revelation, faga$iyatohu Als~akiynapu, meaning And calmness, or tranquillity, and gayobap [i. e., as here used, absence of mind from self and others by its being exclusively occupied by the contemplation of divine things], came upon him. (L.) And in the Kur [ii. 249], it is said, [with reference to the coming of the ark of the covenant,] fiyhi sakiynapN mino rab~ikumo, meaning [In which shall be] a cause of your becoming tranquil, [or easy in your minds,] when it cometh to you [from your Lord]: (Zj, L, K:) or, as some say, there was in it a head like that of the cat; when it uttered a cry, victory betided the Children of Israel: (L:) or a thing having a head like that of the cat [and a tail like that of the cat (Bd)], of chrysolite and sapphire, and a pair of wings: (L, K:) or an image like the cat, that was with them among their forces, on the appearance of which their enemies were routed: or an animal having a face like that of a human being, compact [in substance], the rest thereof being unsubstantial like the wind and the air: or the images of the Prophets, from Adam to Mohammad: (Bd:) or the signs, or miracles, with the performance of which Moses was endowed, and to which they trusted so as to be easy, or quiet, in their minds: (L:) or by the taAbuwt to which these words refer is meant the heart, [or rather the chest, i. e. bosom,] and the skynp is the knowledge, and purity, or sincerity, in the heart [or bosom]. (Bd.) In a trad. of' Alee, respecting the building. of the Kaabeh, it is said, faA^arosala A@ll~`h A_ilayohi Als~akiynapa, meaning [And God sent to him] the wind swift in its passage. (L.) fem. of sukayonN [q. v.]. (L, K. *) [The hair over the forehead (of a girl or woman) that is cut with a straight, or even, edge, or with two such edges one above the other, so as to form a kind of border, after the fashion of Sukeyneh,] is so called in relation to Sukeyneh the daughter of El-Hoseyn. (S, L, K.) A maker of sakaAkiyn [or knives], (ISd, L, K, *) pl. of sikiynN; (ISd, L;) as also ↓ sakaAkiyniY~N, (ISd, L, K,) which latter is held by ISd to be post-classical, being formed from the pl., whereas by rule it should be formed from the sing. (L.) The *anab, (Lth, S, MA, Mgh, L,) [i. e.] the rudder, (MA, KL, PS,) of a ship or boat, (Lth, S, MA, Mgh, L,) by means of which it is rightly directed, (Lth, Mgh, * L,) and made still, or steady; (Mgh, L;) its xadof; (AA, L;) i. q. xayozuraAnN and kawovalN [meaning the same, or its tiller]: (A 'Obeyd, L:) it is an Arabic word. (L.) Hence the saying of Tarafeh, (L,) likening to it the elevated neck of a she-camel, as being long, and quick in motion, (EM p. 73,) [and thus app. applying it to the upper and narrow part of a rudder,] kasuk~aAni buwSiYK bidijolapa muSoEidi (L, EM,) i. e. Like the suk~aAn of a vessel of the sort called buwSiY~ [ascending the Tigris]. (EM.) -A2- Also pl. of saAkinN [q. v.]. (L, Msb.) a word of well-known meaning; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. A knife; (MA, PS;) i. q. mudoyapN; (L;) as also ↓ sik~iynapN, (ISd, L, K,) a dial. var., (ISd, L,) occurring in a trad., but the former is that which is commonly known: (L:) so called because it stills the animals slaughtered with it: (Az, L, Msb:) of the measure fiE~iylN: (IDrd, L, Msb:) or, accord. to some, its n is augmentative, so that it is of the measure fiEoliynN: (Msb:) it is masc., and sometimes fem.: (Zj, IAmb, * L, Msb, K: *) not heard as fem. by IAar: (L:) held to be only masc. by AZ and As and some others: (Msb:) but sometimes it occurs in poetry as fem. on the ground of meaning [as being syn. with mudoyapN or $aforahN], (Msb,) and as such it occurs in a trad.: (L:) the pl. is sakaAkiynu. (ISd, MA, L.) [See an ex. in a prov. cited voce salFY.] : see sakiynapN. : see sakiynapN: ― -b2- and see also sik~iynN. : see sak~aAnN. Still, motionless, stationary, in a state of rest, quiet, calm, or unruffled: [applied to a letter, quiescent; i. e. without a vowel immediately following it:] still, calm, tranquil, becoming appeased or allayed or assuaged or quelled; [dying away, passing away, or ceasing to be: remitting, or subsiding; becoming alleviated, light, slight, or gentle:] still, or silent. (L. [See its verb, sakana, first sentence.]) ― -b2- Inhabiting, dwel-ling, or abiding; an inhabitant, or a lodger: (L, Msb:) and ↓ sakanN signifies the same as saAkinN [app. thus used]: (L:) the pl. of saAkinN is suk~aAnN. (L, Msb.) You say, humo suk~aAnu fulaAnK [They are the lodgers of such a one]. (S, L.) And suk~aAnu Ald~aAri signifies The Jinn, or Genii, inhabiting the house. (L. [Respecting the custom of sacrificing an animal to the Jinn on the occasion of buying a house, in order to prevent any injury from the Jinn thereof, see *ibojN. The belief that houses are inhabited by Jinn obtains among the Arabs in the present day.]) See also sakonN. ― -b3- [Other meanings are indicated by explanations of its verb.] [ More, and most, still, &c.] and masokinN; (S, L, Msb, K;) the people of El-Hijáz say the former, (S, L,) and the latter is anomalous; (L;) [A place of habitation;] a place of alighting, abiding, sojourning, or lodging; an abode, or a dwelling; (S, L, K;) a house, or a tent; (S, L, Msb;) pl. masaAkinu: (Msb:) and ↓ sakanu signifies the same as masokinN, [thus in the Kur xvi. 82,] (Lh, L, and Ham p. 400,) as also ↓ sukonaY, (Lh, L,) and ↓ sukonN: you say, daArN fiyhaA ↓ sakanN and ↓ sukonN, i. e. ↓ sukonaY [or masokanN, meaning A house in which is a place of habitation, or a lodging]: (L: [↓ sakanN and ↓ sukonN are there mentioned as syn., each of them, with masokanN and sukonaY, but in different places; and I incline to think that sukonN thus mentioned may be a mistranscription for sakanN: I have not found it elsewhere in this sense:]) and ↓ daAriY laka sukonaY, in which the last word is [said to be] virtually in the accus. case, as a denotative of state, meaning [My house is for thee,] as made [or given] to be inhabited, or as being inhabited: (Mgh:) or ↓ laka daAriY h`*ihi sukonaY, meaning To thee this my house is a lent dwelling-place: and AlmaroA^api ↓ sukonaY means The wife's dwelling-place in which the husband lodges her. (L.) Abundant pasturage, [that causes people to abide in it,] not requiring to go away; like murobiEN and munorilN. (L.) ― -b2- A^aSobaHuwA musokiniyna They became in the state termed masokanapN. (L, K.) (L, Msb, K) The state of him who is termed misokiynN: primarily, lowliness, humility, or submissiveness: and meaning also lowness, abjectness, ignominiousness, abasement, or humiliation; and paucity of property; and an evil state or condition; also poverty of mind; and weakness; (IAth, L:) it is from Als~ukuwnu [an inf. n. of sakana meaning as expl. in the first sentence of this art.]. (L.) , meaning “ an earnest, ” or “ earnest money, ” and of which [as well as of misokiynN] the pl. is masaAkiynu, belongs to art. msk. (TA.) (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K, &c.) and masokiynN, (L, Msb, K,) the latter anomalous, for there is no [other] instance of the measure mafoEiylN, (L,) of the dial. of Benoo-Asad, (L, Msb,) mentioned by Ks as heard by him from some one or more of that tribe, (L,) others saying misokiynN, (Msb,) of the measure mifoEiylN (L) from Als~ukuwnu, because the person to whom it is applied trusts to, or relies upon, others, so as to be, or become, easy, or quiet, in mind: (Mgh, L, Msb:) primarily, (L,) it signifies Lowly, humble, or submissive; (IAth, Mgh, L;) and therefore the Prophet said, Aall~`hum~a A^aHoyiniY misokiynFA waA^amitoniY misokiynFA waAoHo$uroniY fiY zumorapi AlmasaAkiyni [O God, make me to live lowly, and make me to die lowly, and gather me among the congregation of the lowly]: (Mgh, * L:) and hence it sometimes applies to him who possesses little and [sometimes] to him who possesses much: (L:) sometimes, (S,) it signifies (S, IAth, L, Msb, K) also (IAth, L) low, abject, ignominious, or in a state of abasement or humiliation; (S, IAth, L, Msb, K;) and weak; (S, L, K;) and subdued, or oppressed; though possessing riches or competence: (Msb:) [therefore] Sb says, it is one of the words expressive of pity, or compassion; [and as such may be rendered poor;] you say, mararot bihi Almisokiyna [I passed by him, I mean the poor man], putting it in the accus. case by the implication of A^aEoniY, though it may be in the genitive case as a substitute [for the pronoun], and in the nom. case by the suppression of huwa meant to be understood: (L:) in other cases, (S,) it is syn. with faqiyrN, (S, L, Msb,) meaning (Msb) destitute, i. e. possessing nothing: (L, Msb, K:) or accord. to ISk, mskyn means thus; but the fqyr is he who possesses a sufficiency of the means of subsistence: (Msb:) or the former means possessing somewhat; (L;) or [rather] needy, i. e. possessing what is not sufficient (L, K) for him (K) or for his family: (L:) or caused by poverty to have little power of motion; (L, K;) thus expl. by Aboo-Is-hák; but this is improbable; for mskyn has the meaning of an active part. n., and his explanation [like one of the others mentioned above] makes it to have that of a pass. part. n.: (L:) Yoo says the like of ISk: (Msb:) he used to say that the mskyn is in a harder condition than the fqyr: (S, L, * Msb: *) he says, I asked an Arab of the desert, Art thou fqyr? and he answered, No, by God, but rather mskyn; (S, L, * Msb;) but 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh says that this man may have meant that he was low, or abject, by reason of his distance from his people and his home; and that he does not think he meant anything but that: (L:) [J also adds,] it is said in a trad. that the mskyn is not he whom a mouthful or two mouthfuls will turn back, or away, but is only he who does not beg, and who is not known so that he may be given [anything]; (S;) but Ziyádet-Allah Ibn-Ahmad says that the fqyr is he who sits in his house, not begging, and the mskyn is he who begs and is given; and hence it is argued that the latter is in a better condition than the former; though it indicates that the former is more highminded than the latter: (L:) accord. to As, the mskyn is better in condition than the fqyr; and this is [said to be] the right assertion, (Mgh, L, Msb,) for the pl. of the former is applied in the Kur xviii. 78 to men possessing a ship, or boat, which is worth a considerable sum; (L, Msb;) but they may have been thus termed because they were humbled and abased by the tyranny of the king who took every ship, or boat, that he found upon the sea, by force; (L;) and it is said that these men were hirers, not owners, of the vessel: (TA voce faqiyrN, q. v.:) 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh says, that the mskyn is better in condition than the fqyr is shown by a passage in the Kur [ix. 60], where it is said that the poor-rates are for the fuqaraA=' and the masaAkiyn; for you will find the classes to be there mentioned in such an order that the second is better in condition than the first, and the third than the second, and in like manner the fourth and the fifth and the sixth and the seventh and the eighth: and he says that the same is shown by the fact that the Arabs sometimes used mskyn as a proper name, but not fqyr: (L:) or when these two words are used together, they differ in signification; and when used separately, they [sometimes] signify the same: (El-Bedr El-Karáfee, TA in art. fqr:) [see more voce faqiyrN:] a woman is termed misokiynapN (Sb, S, L, Msb, K) and misokiynN also; (S, L, K;) the former by way of assimilation to faqiyrapN; (Sb, S, L;) the latter being accord. to rule, for an epithet of the measure mifoEiylN is regularly applied alike to a male and a female; (S, Msb;) or, as Abu-l-Hasan says, this is only when it is an intensive epithet, which misokiynapN is not: (L:) the pl. is masaAkiynu and misokiynuwna, (S, L, K,) applied to men, (K,) or to a company of people, (S, L,) and misokiynaAtN applied to female. (S, L, K.) sl , (S, M, Mgh,) aor. , (S, M,) inf. n. sal~N; (S, M, Mgh, K;) and ↓ Astl~hu, (M,) inf. n. AisotilaAlN; (K; [in the CK, AliAsolAl is put in the place of AliAsotilaAl;]) He drew the thing out or forth from another thing: (Jel in xxiii. 12:) or he pulled out the thing, or drew it forth, gently: (M, K: *) or he drew, or pulled, the thing out, or forth, as a sword from its scabbard, and a hair from dough. (Mgh.) You say, sal~a Als~ayofa, (S, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (Msb;) and ↓ Astl~hu, both signifying the same; (S;) [i. e. He drew the sword;] as also ↓ Asl~hu, inf. n. A_isolaAlN. (TA.) In the saying of El-Farezdak, gadaApa tawal~ayotumo kaAn~a suyuwfakumo ↓ *aA=niynu fiY A^aEonaAqikumo lamo tusalosali [In the morning when ye turned back, as though your swords were *A=nyn (pl. of *uw^onuwnN a species of fungus) upon your necks, (for the sword was hung upon the shoulder, not by a waist-belt,) not drawn forth], he has separated the doubled letter: thus the verse is related by IAar: but by Th, ↓ lamo tasal~ali [for tatanasal~ali]. (M.) It is said in a trad., laA^asul~an~aka minohumo kamaA tusal~u Al$~aEorapu mina AlEajiyni [I will assuredly draw thee forth from them like as the single hair is drawn forth from dough]. (TA.) And in another trad., Aall~`hum~a A^osolulo saxiymapa qalobiY (tropical:) [O God, draw forth the rancour of my heart]: and hence the saying AlhadaAyaA tasul~u Als~axaAy^ima wataHul~u Al$~akaAy^ima (tropical:) [Presents draw away feelings of rancour, and loose, or melt, resistances, or incompliances]. (TA.) And sul~a, said of a colt, means He was drawn forth a saliyl [q. v.]. (M, TA.) ― -b2- Also He took the thing. (Msb.) Hence one says, tusal~u Almay~itu mino qibali raA^osihi A_ilaY Alqabori, i. e. [The dead body] is taken [head-foremost to the grave]: (Msb:) [or is drawn forth &c.: for] it is said of the Apostle of God, sul~a mino qibal raA^osihi, meaning He was drawn forth [&c.] from the bier. (Mgh.) ― -b3- Also, aor. and inf. n. as above, He stole the thing: (Msb, TA:) or he stole it covertly, secretly, or clandestinely; (TA;) and so ↓ Asl~hu. (TK. [But see 4, below, where Asl~ meaning “ he stole ” is mentioned only as intrans.]) You say, sal~a AlbaEiyra jawofi All~ayoli He drew away the camel from among the other camels in the middle of the night: and in like manner you say of other things. (TA.) -A2- sal~a, aor. , (K,) inf. n. sal~N, (TK,) said of a man; (TA;) or sal~ato, aor. , [whence it would seem that the sec. pers. of the pret. is salilota, and the inf. n. salalN,] said of a sheep or goat, $Ap; (M;) He, or it, lost his, or its, teeth: (M, K:) on the authority of Lh. (M.) -A3- sul~a, (M, Msb, K,) in the pass. form, (Msb,) with damm, (K,) He was, or became, affected with the disease termed sil~ [q. v.]. (M, Msb, K.) see 1, second sentence. ― -b2- Asl~, (ISk, S, M, Mgh,) inf. n. A_isolaAlN, (ISk, S, K,) also signifies He stole: (ISk, S, Mgh:) or he stole covertly, secretly, or clandestinely. (M, K.) See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. You say, Asl~ mina Almagonami He stole of the spoil. (Mgh.) ― -b3- A_isolaAlN signifies also An open raid or predatory incursion. (TA.) ― -b4- And Asl~ He aided another to steal, or to steal covertly, secretly, or clandestinely. (TA.) ― -b5- [See also A_isolaAlN below. Accord. to Freytag, Asl~ signifies He received a bribe: but this requires consideration: he gives no authority but the K, which does not justify this explanation.] -A2- Asl~hu He (God) caused him to be affected with the disease termed sil~ [q. v.]. (S, M, Msb, K.) : see 7: and see also 1, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b2- Also i. q. AiDoTaraba [It was, or became, in a state of commotion, agitation, &c.]; said of a thing; as though it were imagined to be repeatedly drawn forth. (Er-Rághib, TA.) It (a thing) became pulled out, or drawn forth, gently; (M;) it became drawn, or pulled out or forth, as a sword from its scabbard, and a hair from dough. (Mgh.) You say, Ansl~ Als~ayofu mina Algamodi The sword [became drawn from the scabbard: or] slipped out from the scabbard. (TA.) And Ansl~ qiyaAduAlfarasi mino yadihi [The leading-rope of the horse slipped out or] came forth [from his hand]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And [hence], as also ↓ tsl~l, (S, M, K,) He slipped away, or stole away; i. e., went away covertly, secretly, or clandestinely: (M, K:) or he went forth, mino bayonihimo [from among them]. (S.) And Ainosalalotu mino bayoni yadayohi I went away, and went forth, deliberately, or leisurely, and by degrees, from before him. (TA.) Sb says that Ainosalalotu [used in this or a similar sense] is not a quasi-pass. verb; but is only like [a verb of the measure] faEalotu; like as Aifotaqara is like DaEufa. (M.) It is said in a prov., ramatoniY bidaAy^ihaAwaA@nosal~ato [She reproached me with her own fault, and slipped away]: (S, Meyd, TA:) [originally] said by one of the fellow-wives of Ruhm, daughter of El-Khazraj, wife of Saad Ibn-Zeyd-Menáh, on Ruhm's reproaching her with a fault that was in herself. (Meyd, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. cap. x. no. 2; and another prov. there referred to in cap. ii. no. 78.]) And one says also, bika*aA ↓ Astl~, meaning He went away with such a thing covertly, secretly, or clandestinely. (TA.) see 1, first and second sentences: -A2- and see also 7, last sentence. (tropical:) The river had a rivulet or streamlet, branching off from it. (TA.) [as inf. n. of sulosila (see musalosalN below)] signifies A thing's being connected with another thing. (M, K.) [It is also inf. n. of salosala, as such signifying The connecting a thing with another thing.] ― -b2- [Hence, or the reverse may be the case,] salosalotuhu I bound him with the silosilap [or chain]. (O. TA.) ― -b3- And salosalotu AlmaA='a fiY AlHaloqi I poured the water into the throat, or fauces, [app. in a continuous stream.] (S, * O.) ― -b4- And maAsalosala TaEaAmFA He did not eat food: (K:) as though he did not pour it into his throat, or fauces. (TA.) -A2- Accord. to IAar, salosala signifies He ate a salosalap, i. e., a long piece of a camel's hump. (O.) -A3- See also 1, third sentence. , said of water, It ran into the throat, or fauces: (S, O:) or it ran down a declivity, or declivous place: (M, K:) or (assumed tropical:) it became [fretted with a succession of ripples] like a chain, in running [in a shallow and rugged bed], or when smitten by the wind. (S.) ― -b2- And, said of lightning, (assumed tropical:) It assumed the form of salaAsil, [i. e. chains, meaning elongated streams,] pl. of silosilapN [q. v.], in the clouds. (M.) ― -b3- And tasalosulN signifies (assumed tropical:) The glistening, and [apparent] creeping, of the diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain, [resembling a chain, (see musalosalN,) and also likened to the creeping of ants, (see firino*N, and rubadN,)] of a sword. (TA. [See also A^avorN.]) ― -b4- And tasalosala said of a garment, (assumed tropical:) It was worn until it became thin; (O, K;) like taxaloxala. (O.) , (M, K,) applied to a man, (M,) Whose teeth are falling out; (M;) losing his teeth: (K:) fem. with p: (M, K:) likewise applied to a sheep or goat ($aAopN); on the authority of Lh; (M;) and to a she-camel whose teeth have fallen out from extreme old age; or one extremely aged, having no tooth remaining; on the authority of IAar. (TA.) -A2- See also sal~apN, in two places. : see what next follows. (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ sulaAlN, (S, M, K,) the former [the more common, and] often occurring in the verses of chaste poets, though El-Hareeree says in the “ Durrat el-Ghowwás ” that it is an erroneous term of the vulgar, and that the latter is the right term, (TA,) signify the same, (S, M, K,) as also ↓ sul~N and ↓ sal~apN, (K,) [Consumption: or phthisis:] an emaciating, oppressive, and fatal malady: (T, TA:) a certain disease, well known; said in the medical books to be one of the diseases of girls, because of the abundance of blood in them: (Msb:) accord. to the physicians, (TA,) an ulcer, (K, TA,) or ulcers, (Msb,) [or ulceration,] in the lungs; (Msb, K, TA;) succeeding (tuEaq~ibu [grammatically referring to sal~ap]) either *aAt Alr~iy^ap [i. e. inflammation of the lungs] or *aAt Aljanob [i. e. pleurisy]: (in the CK, biEaqabi *At Alr~iy~pi Aw*Ati Aljanobi is [erroneously] put in the place of tuEaq~ibu *aAta Alr~iy^api A^awo *aAta Aljanobi: and in what here follows, the gen. case is put in the place of the nom. in four instances:) or a rheum (zukaAmN), and defluxions (nawaAzilu), or a long cough, and attended with constant fever. (K, TA.) ― -b2- Hence the saying, in a trad., gubaAru*ayoli AlmaroA^api AlfaAjirapi yuwrvu Als~il~a (assumed tropical:) [The dust of the skirt of the vitious woman occasions the loss of property]; meaning that he who follows vitious women and acts vitiously, loses his property, and becomes poor: the diminution and departure of property being likened to the diminution and wasting away of the body when one has the disorder termed sil~. (TA.) The drawing of swords; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ sil~apN. (K.) So in the saying, A^atayonaAhumo Einoda Als~al~api [We came to them on the occasion of the drawing of swords]. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- And Theft: (S, Msb:) or covert, secret, or clandestine, theft; (M, K;) like A_isolaAlN [except that the former is a simple subst., and the latter is an inf. n., i. e. of 4]: (K:) one says, fiY baniY fulaAnK sal~apN [Among the sons of such a one is theft, or covert theft]: (S:) and Alxal~apu tadoEuw A_ilaY Als~al~api [Want invites to theft, or covert theft]. (TA.) -A2- Also (tropical:) The rush (dufoEap) of a horse among other horses, in running: (TA:) or the rush (dufoEap) of a horse in striving to outstrip: (S, TA: [I read fiY sibaAqihi, as in a copy of the S; instead of fY siyaAqihi, as in other copies of the S and in the TA:]) so in the saying, farasN $adiydu Als~al~api (tropical:) [A horse of which the rush &c. is vehement]: (S, TA:) and xarajato sal~atuhu EalaY Alxayoli (S) or EalaY saAy^iri Alxayoli (TA) (tropical:) [His rush in striving to outstrip proceeded against the other horses]. ― -b2- And A revulsion of shortness of breathing (AirotidaAdu rabowK) in the chest of a horse, in consequence of his suppressing such shortness of breathing [so I render mino kabowapK yakobuwhaA, but this phrase admits of other renderings, as will be seen in art. kbw]: (M, K:) when he is inflated thereby, one says, A^axoraja sal~atahu [app. meaning he has manifested his revulsion of shortness of breathing]; and thereupon he is urged to run with vehemence, and made to sweat, and coverings are thrown upon him, and that shortness of breathing (*`lika Alr~abowu) passes forth. (M.) ― -b3- [In a sheep or goat, or a ewe or she-goat, it seems to mean Power, or force, of long continuance: see masoluwlapN, voce masoluwlN.] -A3- See also sil~N. -A4- Also A [basket of the kind called] juwnap: (K:) or a thing like the juwnap, (M,) or like the covered juwnap, which is also called saba*apN; so says Az: (TA:) a receptacle in which fruit is carried: (Msb:) [sometimes covered with red skin: (see HawarN:) in the present day commonly applied to a basket made of twigs, oblong and deep, generally between a foot and a foot and a half in length:] and ↓ sal~N signifies the same: (M, K:) what is termed sal~apu Alxubozi [the bread-basket] is well known: (S:) sal~apN meaning as expl. above is not thought by IDrd to be an Arabic word: (M:) [the dim. ↓ sulayolapN occurs in the K voce juwnapN, and in the Mgh voce raboEapN, &c.:] the pl. is silaAlN (M, K) and sal~aAtN (Msb) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ sal~N, of which Abu-l-Hasan says that it is in his opinion a rare kind of pl. [or coll. gen. n.] because it denotes what is made by art, not created, and it should more properly be regarded as of the class of kawokabN and kawokabapN [which are syn.] because this is more common than the class of safiynapN and safiynN. (M.) -A5- Also A fault, or defect, in a water-ing-trough or tank, or in a [jar of the kind called] xaAbiyap: (M, K:) or a breach between the A^anoSaAbi, (K,) or [more properly] between the naSaAy^ib, [i. e. the stones set up, and cemented together with kneaded clay, around the interior,] (M,) of a watering-trough or tank. (M, K.) ― -b2- And Fissures in the ground, that steal [i. e. imbibe] the water. (TA.) -A6- Also One's sewing [a skin, or hide, with] two thongs in a single puncture, or stitch-hole. (M, K.) : see sal~apN, first sentence. i. q. sil~N, q. v. (S, M, K.) A drawn sword; i. q. ↓ masoluwlN. (M, K.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A child, or male offspring; [because drawn forth;] (S, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ sulaAlapN; (M, Mgh, Msb, K;) metonymically so termed: (Mgh:) or, when it comes forth from the belly of its mother; as also ↓ the latter; the former so called because created from the [sperma genitalis, which is termed] sulaAlap: (Akh, TA:) fem. of the former ↓ saliylapN, (S, M, Msb, K,) applied to a daughter. (AA, K.) ― -b3- A colt; (M, K;) and with p a filly; (S, * M, TA;) the p being affixed, though slyl is of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN, because the word is made a subst.: (Ham p. 102:) or, as some say, (M, in the K “ and ”) the former signifies a colt that is born not in a [membrane such as is called] maAsikap nor [in one such as is called] salFY: if in either of these, it is termed baqiyrN [not buqayorN as in the CK]. (M, K.) [See also duEomuwSN.] ― -b4- And A young camel when just born, before it is known whether it is a male or a female. (As, S, TA.) -A2- Clear, or pure, beverage or wine; (K, TA;) as though gently drawn away from dust or motes or particles of rubbish or the like: such is said to be the beverage, or wine, of Paradise: or cool beverage or wine: or such as is clear from dust or motes or particles of rubbish or the like, and from turbidness; of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN: or such as is easy [in its descent] in the throat, or fauces. (TA.) [See also sulaAlapN, and salosaAlN.] -A3- The channel of the water, or place in which the water flows, in a valley: or the middle of a valley, (M, K, *) where flows the main body of water. (M.) And A wide (S, M, K) and deep (M, K) valley, (S, M, K,) that gives growth to the [trees called] salam and samur, (S, K,) or that gives growth to the salam and DaEap and yanamap and Halamap; (M;) and ↓ saAl~N signifies the same: (M, K:) or this latter, a place in which are trees: (TA:) or a narrow channel of a torrent in a valley: (As, S, TA:) or a low place surrounded by what is elevated, in which the water collects: (En-Nadr, TA:) pl. of both sul~aAnN, (M, K,) or of the former accord. to Kr, (M, TA,) and of the latter accord. to As [and the S], (TA,) or that of the latter is sawaAl~u. (En-Nadr, K, TA.) One says saliylN mino samurK like as one says gaAl~N mino salamK. (S.) The phrase saAla Als~aliylu bihimo [lit. The wide, or wide and deep, valley, &c., flowed with them] is used by the poet Zuheyr (S, IB) as meaning (assumed tropical:) they journeyed swiftly. (IB, TA.) -A4- The brain of the horse. (M, K.) ― -b2- The hump of the camel. (M, K.) ― -b3- The nuxaAE [or spinal cord]. (M, K.) ― -b4- And saliylu All~aHomi The [portions that are termed] xaSiyl [q. v. voce xaSiylapN] of flesh: [the former word in this case being app. a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is ↓ saliylapN (q. v.); the more probably as it is added that] the pl. is salaAy^ilu. (TA.) What is, or becomes, drawn forth, or drawn forth gently, from, or of, a thing: (M, K:) or so sulaAlapu $aYo'K: (S:) [an extract of a thing: and hence,] the clear, or pure, part, or the choice, best, or most excellent, part [of a thing]; (Mgh; and Ksh and Bd and Jel in xxiii. 12;) because drawn from the thick, or turbid, part. (Mgh.) It is said in the Kur [xxiii. 12], walaqado xalaqonaA A@loA_inosaAna mino sulaAlapK mino TiynK, meaning [And verily we created man from] what was drawn forth from every kind of dust, or earth: (Fr, TA:) or from a pure, or choice, or most excellent, sort of earth or clay. (Ksh, Bd, Jel.) ― -b2- And [hence,] The sperma genitalis of a man, or human being; (S, TA;) what is drawn from the Sulob [app. here meaning loins] of the man and from the taraAy^ib [pl. of tariybap, q. v.,] of the woman: (AHeyth, TA:) the water (maA=') that is drawn from the back. ('Ikrimeh, TA.) ― -b3- See also salylN, second sentence, in two places. : see saliylN, second sentence. ― -b2- Also A sinew, (EaSabapN, (M, K, or EaqabapN, K,) or a portion of flesh having streaks, or strips, (M, K,) that separate, one from another. (TA.) And The oblong portion of flesh of the part on either side of the backbone: (K:) or this is called saliylapu Almatoni: (M:) [or] accord. to As, [the pl.] salaAy^ilu signifies the long streaks, or strips, of flesh extending with the backbone. (TA.) See also saliylN, last sentence. [Also] A small thin thing [or substance] resembling flesh: pl. salaAy^ilu. (TA in art. x$m.) And salaAy^ilu Als~anaAmi Long slices cut from the camel's hump. (TA.) ― -b3- And the pl., Oblong nagafaAt [or portions of dry mucus or the like] in the nose. (M.) ― -b4- Also [Goats'] hair separated, or plucked asunder, with the fingers, then folded, and tied; then the woman draws from it one portion after another, which she spins: (M:) or saliylapN mino $aEarK signifies what is drawn forth from a Dariybap of [goats'] hair, which is a portion thereof separated, or plucked asunder, with the fingers, then folded, and rolled up into long portions, the length of each being about a cubit, and the thickness that of the half of the fore arm next the hand: this is tied, then the woman draws from it one portion after another, and spins it. (S.) [See also EamiytapN.] -A2- Also A certain long fish, (K, TA,) having a long minoqaAr [app. meaning beak-like snout, or nose]. (TA.) : see sal~apN (of which it is the dim.), in the latter half of the paragraph. ; n. un. with p; mentioned in the M and K in this art. as well as in art. slA^: see the latter art. : see saAl~N. -A2- [And it seems to be somewhere mentioned in the S, though not in the present art., as meaning A maker of the sort of baskets called silaAl (pl. of sal~apN): for Golius explains it, as on the authority of J, as signifying qui sportas qualosque contexit.] and ↓ salosaAlN and ↓ sulaAsilN (S, M, K) Sweet water, (M, K,) that descends easily in the throat, or fauces; (M;) water that enters easily into the throat, or fauces, by reason of its sweetness and clearness: (S:) or cold, or cool, water: (M, K:) or water that has fluctuated to and fro, in the place where it has continued, until it has become limpid, or clear. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And the first and ↓ second, Mellow wine: (M, K:) the former is expl. by Lth as meaning sweet and clear, that runs [easily] into the throat, or fauces, when drunk. (TA.) ― -b2- And gadiyrN salosalN [A pool of water left by a torrent] which, being smitten [or blown upon] by the wind, becomes [rippled so as to be] like the silosilap [or chain]. (TA.) A boy, or young man, light, or active, in spirit; as also lusolusN. (IAar, O.) : see silosilapN, in two places. [as an inf. n.: see R. Q. 1. -A2- Also] A long piece of a camel's hump: (IAar, O, K:) accord. to AA, it is called lasolasapN: accord. to As, lisolisapN. (O.) A chain, i. q. zinojiyro in Pers.; (KL;) rings (daAy^irN [app. used as a coll. gen. n., though I do not know any authority for such usage of it,] K [in the M daAy^irapN]) of iron (S, M, K) or the like (M, K) of metals: derived from Als~alosalapu signifying “ the being connected ” with another thing: (M: [see R. Q. 1:]) pl. salaAsilu. (S, Mgh, TA.) It was a custom to extend a silosilap over a river or a road, the ships or beats or the passengers being arrested thereby, for the purpose of the taking of the tithes from them by an officer set over it. (Mgh.) ― -b2- [Hence,] silosilapu baroqK (tropical:) An elongated stream of lightning [like a chain] in the midst of the clouds: (S, TA: *) or salaAsilu Albaroqi means what have assumed the form of chains (maAtasalosala), of lightning, (M, K,) in the clouds; (M;) and Als~aHaAbi [i. e., of the clouds in like manner]: (K: [but I think that waAls~aHaAbi in the K is evidently a mistranscription for fiY Als~aHaAbi the reading in the M:]) sing. silosilapN (M, K) and ↓ silosilN, (K,) thus in the copies of the K, but in the L ↓ silosiylN, which is [said to be] the correct word. (TA. [See, however, what follows.]) And in like manner, salaAsilu Alr~amoli (assumed tropical:) What have assumed the form of chains (maA tasalosala) of sands: (M:) or salaAsilu signifies (tropical:) sands that become accumulated, or congested, (yanoEaqidu,) one upon another, and extended along: (A'Obeyd, S, O, K, TA:) you say ramolN *uwsalaAsila (tropical:) [sands having portions accumulated, or congested, &c.]: and *aAtu salaAsila, which has been expl. as meaning (assumed tropical:) elongated sands: (TA:) sing. silosilapN (M, TA) and ↓ siloslN, (M,) or ↓ silosiylN; and Alr~amoli ↓ salosuwlu, with fet-h [to the first letter], is a dial. var. of silosiyluhu. (TA.) ― -b3- And salaAsilu kitaAbK (tropical:) The lines of a book or writing. (O, K, TA.) ― -b4- And biro*awonN *uw salaAsila (assumed tropical:) [A hackney] upon whose legs one sees what resemble salaAsil [or chains]. (M.) -A2- Also The waHarap, (O, K,) which is a small reptile, [a species of lizard, the same that is called Alsilosilapu Alr~aqoTaA='u, (see A^aroqaTu,)] spotted, black and white, having a slender tail, which it moves about when running. (TA.) : see salosalN, in two places. : see silosilapN. : see silosilapN, in two places. : see salosalN. [act. part. n. of sal~a, Drawing out, or forth: &c. ― -b2- Stealing: or stealing covertly, secretly, or clandestinely:] a thief; as also ↓ sal~aAlN [which is commonly applied in the present day to a horse-stealer and the like] and ↓ A^asal~u. (TA.) -A2- See also saliylN. : see the next preceding paragraph. A bribe. (S, M, K.) It is said in a trad., laA A_igolaAla walaA A_isolaAla There shall be no treachery, or perfidy, and no [giving or receiving of a] bribe: or, and no stealing. (S in this art. and in art. gl. [See 4.]) in the phrase maDojaEuhu kamasal~i $aTobapK, in the trad. of Umm-Zara, meaning [His sleepingplace is] like a green palm-stick drawn forth from its skin [by reason of his slenderness], or, as some say, a sword drawn forth [from its scabbard], is [originally] an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n. (TA. [See also art. $Tb.]) A large needle: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) [a packing-needle:] pl. masaAl~u. (S, Mgh, Msb.) Subtle of machination in stealing. (TA.) : see saliylN. ― -b2- [Hence, elliptically,] A man (Msb) whose testicles have been extracted. (Mgh, Msb.) -A2- Also Affected with the disease termed sil~: (S, M, Msb, K:) [regularly derived from sul~a, but] anomalous [as derived from A^asal~ahu]: (S, M, Msb:) Sb says, as though the sil~ were put into him. (M.) -A3- AA says that the masoluwlap of ganam [meaning sheep or goats, i. e., applied to a $aAp, meaning a sheep or goat, or a ewe or she-goat,] is One whose powers, or forces, are of long continuance (Aal~atiY yaTuwlu quwaAhaA): and that one says [of such] fiY fiyhaA sal~apN [in which phrase fY seems evidently to have been preposed by mistake: see sal~apN]. (O, TA.) A thing having its parts, or portions, connected, one with another. (S, O.) ― -b2- And [hence, (see silosilapN,)] Chained; bound with the silosilap. (TA.) [AlmaroA^apu Almusalosalapu is the name of The constellation Andromeda; described by Kzw and others.] ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Lightning that assumes the form of chains (yatasalosalu) in its upper portions, and seldom, or never, breaks its promise [of being followed by rain]. (IAar, TA.) ― -b4- Applied to hair, [as also ↓ mutasalosilN, (K in art. Hjn,) (assumed tropical:) Forming a succession of rimples, like water running in a shallow and rugged bed, or rippled by the wind; (see R. Q. 2;) or] crisp, or curly, or twisted, and contracted; syn. jaEodN. (Mgh.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) A sword having in it, or upon it, diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain, resembling the silosilap [or chain]. (TA.) [See also musal~asN.] ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with stripes, or lines; (K;) as also mulasolasN: as though formed by tranposition. (TA.) Also, and ↓ mutasalosilN, (assumed tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, woven badly (M, K) and thinly. (M.) ― -b7- HadiyvN musalosalN (assumed tropical:) A tradition [related by an uninterrupted chain of transmitters,] such as when one says, I met face to face such a one who said, I met face to face such a one, and so on, to the Apostle of God. (O, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) A garment worn until it has become thin, (TA.) slA^ , (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. salo'N; (M, Msb;) and ↓ AstlA^hu; (S, K;) He cooked the samon [here meaning butter], (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and worked it together, (S, Mgh, K,) and melted its zubod [or fresh, unclarified, portion], (M,) until it became clear (Mgh, Msb) from the milk remaining in it; (Msb;) he cleared the smn [or butter] from the zubod [or fresh, unclarified, portion]; (Ham p. 2, in explanation of the former phrase; [i. e. he clarified the butter:] and suliy^a samonFA, said of fresh butter, it was made into samon [or clarified butter; i. e., was clarified]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And salaA^a Alsimosima, (M, K,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (M,) He pressed the sesame, or sesamum, (M, K,) and extracted its oil. (M.) -A2- salaA^a Aln~axola, (AZ, S,) or Aln~axolapa, (AHn, M,) or Alji*oEa, (M, K,) and AlEasiyba, [aor, and] inf. n. as above, (AZ, AHn, S, M,) He plucked off the prickles, (AZ, S, M, K,) i. e. (K) what are called the sul~aA=', (AHn, M, K,) of the palm-trees, (AZ, S,) or of the palm-tree, (AHn, M,) or of the palm-trunk, (M, K,) and of the [part called] Easiyb [of a palm-branch]. (AZ, AHn, S, M.) -A3- salaA^ahu miAy^apa sawoTK, (As, S, M, K, *) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (M,) He inflicted upon him a hundred lashes of the whip. (M, K. *) ― -b2- And salaA^ahu miAy^apa dirohamK, (As, S, M, K, *) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (M,) He payed him, or payed him in ready money, a hundred dirhems, (As, S, M, K, *) promptly, or quickly. (K.) see above, first sentence. [See also 8 in art. slY]. [Clarified butter;] the subst. from salaA^a Als~amona: pl A^asoliy^apN. (S, M, K.) El-Farezdak says, kaAnuwA kasaAliy^apK HamoqaA='a A_i*o Haqanato silaA='ahaA fiY A^adiymK gayori marobuwbi [They were like a stupid female clarifying butter, when she collected her clarified butter in a skin not seasoned with rob]. (S.) -A2- See also what follows. The prickles of the palm-tree: [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with p. (S, M, Msb, K.) ― -b2- Also, (K,) or [correctly the n. un.] sul~aA='apN, (M,) A sort of arrow-head, or spear-head, (M, K, *) in shape like the prickle of the palm-tree: (M, K:) and slA'p, app. [silaA='apN] without teshdeed [and with kesr], occurs in a trad. in this sense; for it is said that its pl. is ↓ silaA='N, of the same measure as HimaArN. (TA.) -A2- Also A certain bird, (M, K,) dust-coloured, and long-legged. (M.) slb , (S, A, K,) aor. , (TA,) inf. n. salobN (S, K) and salabN, (K,) from the former of which the pl. suluwbN has been formed, on the authority of hearsay, (El-Jurjánee, Msb in art. qSd,) He seized it, or carried it off, by force; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ Astlbhu. (S, K.) You say, salabahu Al$~aYo'a, aor. , inf. n. salobN and salabN; and A_iy~aAhu ↓ Astlbhu; (M, TA;) He seized, or carried off, by force [from him the thing; or he spoiled him, despoiled him, plundered him, or deprived him, of the thing]. (TA.) And salabotuhu vawobahu, (Mgh, * Msb,) aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. salobN, (Mgh, Msb,) I took away from him his garment; (Mgh, * Msb;) as also ↓ Aslbthu [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ Astlbthu, but another instance of the former of these two verbs, in a similar sense, occurs in what follows]: originally, salabotu vawoba zyadoK [I took away the garment of Zeyd]; but the verb has been made to have zyd for its object, and the vwb is postponed, and put in the accus. case as a specificative [though by rule the specificative should be indeterminate]; and it may be suppressed, [so that you may say simply, salabotuhu, meaning I took away from him what was upon him or with him, spoiled him, or plundered him,] the meaning being understood. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence] one says also, salabahu fuw^aAdahu waEaqolahu (tropical:) [He, or it, despoiled him, or deprived him, of his heart and his reason], and ↓ Aslbhu. (A, TA.) [The latter one might think to be a mistranscription for ↓ Astlbhu were it not for an instance of the same verb before men- tioned, and for the fact that it is immediately followed in the A by wahuwa musolabu AlEaqoli: perhaps, however, musolab may be here a mistake for musolib.] ― -b3- And Ausolubo h`*ihi AlqaSabapa (assumed tropical:) Peel thou this cane, or reed. (TA.) ― -b4- [In grammar and logic, salobN is used to signify (assumed tropical:) Privation, or deprivation, in a general sense; and (assumed tropical:) negation; opposed to A_ivobaAtN and A_iyjaAbN.] -A2- salobN [as an inf. n. of which the verb (app. salaba) is not mentioned] (assumed tropical:) The going, or journeying, lightly and quickly. (M, K.) Ru-beh says, qado qad~aHato mino salobihin~a salobaA qaAruwrapu AlEayoni faSaArato waqobaA (assumed tropical:) [The black of the eye became depressed so that it became a hollow in consequence of their going with much lightness and quickness: salobaA, for salobFA, being an absolute complement to the inf. n. in salobihin~a]. (M. [See also 7.]) -A3- saliba [or salibato, as appears from what follows], aor. , (assumed tropical:) He [or she] put on black garments (K, TA) which women wear at assemblies for the purpose of mourning. (TA. [See also 5.]) see 5, in three places. , if used, means He contended with him in a mutual endeavour to seize, or carry off, the thing by force. See 6.] , said of a she-camel, (S, M, K,) (tropical:) She became deprived of her young one by death (M, K, TA) or by some other means: (M, TA:) or she cast her young one in an imperfect state. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- Aslb Al$~ajaru (tropical:) The trees became bare of their fruit, and dropped their leaves. (K, TA.) ― -b3- Aslb Alv~umaAmu (S, TA) (assumed tropical:) The vmAm [or panic grass] put forth its xuwS [or leaves, so that it became fit to be cut: see salabN]. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, in two places. , (S, K,) said of a woman, (S,) i. q. A^aHad~ato [i. e. (assumed tropical:) She abstained from the wearing of ornaments, and the use of perfumes, and dye for the hands &c., and put on the garments of mourning,] EalaY zawojihaA [for her husband]: (K:) or, as some say, A_iHodaAdN is for the husband; (S, A;) but tasal~ubN is sometimes for another than the husband: (S, TA:) [therefore] tsl~bt signifies (assumed tropical:) she put on the black garments of mourning; (M, TA;) as also ↓ sl~ibt: (M, A:) you say, EalaY ↓ tusal~ibu zawojihaA or HamiymihaA (Lh, M) (assumed tropical:) She puts on the black garments of mourning [for her husband or her loved and loving relation or friend]: (M:) and EalaY may~itihaA ↓ sal~abato (assumed tropical:) She put on the black garments of mourning for her dead one: tasoliybN having a general application. (A.) They both contended together, each endeavouring to seize, or carry off, the thing by force. The inf. n. occurs in the S and K in art. xls, as a syn. of taxaAlusN.] (assumed tropical:) He went a very quick pace: (K:) or he went well; said of a horse and of a camel: (KL:) but mostly (TA) one says, Anslbt Aln~aAqapu (assumed tropical:) The she-camel went so quick a pace that she was as though she went forth from her skin: (S, TA:) [or she outstripped: see an ex. voce EaAsijN.] see 1, in four places. The longest [thing] of the apparatus of the plough: (AHn, M, K:) or a piece of wood that is joined to the base of the luw^omap [here meaning ploughshare], its end being [inserted] in the hole, or perforation, of the latter. (M, K.) : see saliybN. ― -b2- Spoil, plunder, or booty; (TA;) what is seized, or carried off, by force, (M, Msb, K, TA,) from a man, of spoils, whatever it be; (TA;) comprising all the clothing that is upon the man; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) accord. to Lth and Az (Mgh) and the Bári'; (Msb;) or whatever one of two antagonists in war takes from the other, of the things upon him and with him, i. e. of clothes and weapons, and his beast: of the measure faEalN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN, i. e., (TA,) i. q. masoluwbN [used in the manner of a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant]: (Mgh, TA:) pl. A^asolaAbN. (M, A, Msb, K.) You say, A^axa*a salaba Alqatiyli [He took the spoil of the slain man], and A^asolaAba AlqatolaY [the spoils of the slain men]. (A.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) The hide and shanks and paunch of a slaughtered animal. (K. [App. so called because given to the slaughterer, as though they were his spoil; or, in the case of an animal of the chase, to the dog or dogs: see the verses cited voce badanN.]) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) The peel, or rind, [or skin,] of a cane, or reed, (K, TA,) and of a tree. (TA.) And [particularly] The bark, or rind, of a kind of tree (S, K) well known (S) in El-Yemen, of which ropes are made, (S, K,) and which is coarser and harder than the fibres of the Theban palm-tree: (S:) hence it is that a well-known kind of [thick] rope [made of the fibres of the common palm-tree] is called by the vulgar ↓ salabapN: (TA:) or the bark of a kind of tree of which are made [baskets of the kind called] silaAl: (Sh, TA:) there is a market called ↓ suwqu Als~al~aAbiyna in El-Medeeneh, (Sh, S, K, TA,) and in Mekkeh also, as being the market [of the sellers, or manufacturers, of what are made] of salab: (Sh, TA:) it is also [said to be] (K) a certain kind of tall tree, (M, K,) growing symmetrically, which is taken and laid beneath hot ashes (yumal~u) and then split asunder, whereupon there comes forth form it a white mu$aAqap [or coarse fibrous substance] like [the fibres of the palm-tree, called] liyf; and it is one of the best of the materials of which ropes are made: the n. un. is with p: (M:) and (M, K) AHn says, (M,) it is a certain plant (M, K) which grows in form like candles, except that it is larger and longer, and of which are made ropes of every sort: (M:) and (M, K) some say, (M,) it is the fibrous substance (lyf) of the Theban palm-tree, (M, K,) this Lth asserts it to be, (TA,) which is brought from Mekkeh, (M,) and Lth adds, and it is white; but Az says that Lth has erred respecting it: A'Obeyd says, I asked respecting it, and was told, it is not the fibrous substance of the Theban palm-tree, but is a kind of tree well known in El-Yemen, of which ropes are made: and some say that it is the xuwS [or leaves] of the vamaAm [or panic grass]: and this [says SM] is what is commonly known among us in El-Yemen: (TA:) [accord. to Forskål, (Flor. Aegypt. Arab., p. cx.) this name is applied in El-Yemen to a species of hyacinth, which he terms hyacinthus aporus.] A poet says, (S,) namely, [Murrah] Ibn-Mahkán [El-Temeemee], (M,) fana$ona$a Aljiloda EanohaAwahoYa baArikapN kamaA tuna$oni$u kaf~aA faAtilK salabaA (S, M, *) i. e. And he stripped off quickly the skin [from her, while she was lying upon her breast, like as the two hands of the twister of ropes strips off quickly the seleb]: (S in art. n$:) some read qaAtilK, meaning [by the word following it] “ what is seized, or carried off by force, from one slain: ” (M:) As read faAtilK, with f; IAar, with q: Th says that the right reading is that of As. (S in the present art.) Light, or active, (K, TA,) and quick. (TA.) You say, rajulN salibu Alyadayoni biAlT~aEoni A man light, or active, in the arms, or hands, in thrusting, or piercing: and vaworN salibu AlT~aEoni biAlqaroni A bull light, or active, in thrusting, or piercing, with the horn. (S, TA.) And farasN salibu AlqawaAy^imi A horse light, or active, (S, M, K,) in the legs, (M, K,) [i. e.,] in the shifting of the legs: (S:) or, accord. to Az, the right meaning is, long in the legs: (TA:) [for] ― -b2- salibN signifies also Long or tall; (S, M, K;) applied to a spear, and to a man [&c.]: pl. sulubN. (M.) , as a sing., see saliybN, in three places. ― -b2- It is also a pl. of salibN [q. v., last sentence]: (M:) and of silaAbN, as a subst.: (S, K:) and of saluwbN as an epithet applied to a spear: (Ham p. 171:) and of the same, (S, M,) or of silaAbN, (M,) as an epithet applied to a she-camel (S, M) and to a woman: (M:) and of saliybN as an epithet applied to a tree. (S.) i. q. jurodapN [i. e. The denuded, or unclad, part, or parts, of the body]: (IAar, K:) or a state of nudity. (TA.) One says, maA A^aHosana sulobatahaA [How goodly is what is unclad of her person! or, her state of nudity!]. (K.) : see salabN, in the former half of the paragraph: ― -b2- and see also silaAbN. -A2- Also A string, or cord, that is tied to the xaTom [i. e. muzzle, or nose,] of the camel, exclusive of the xiTaAm [q. v.]. (M.) ― -b2- And A sinew that is bound upon an arrow: accord. to AHn, the sinew that is wound upon the liyT [or skin of the reed, or cane,] of the arrow. (M.) sing. of sulubN, which signifies The black garments of women at their assemblies for mourning: (S:) MF says that the former is expl. in the K as meaning black garments, which necessarily implies that it is a pl.; and the latter is there said to be its pl., which necessarily implies that it is a sing.: (TA:) [but it may be replied that the author of the K regarded the former as a pl. without a sing.; and the latter, as a pl. pl.:] or both signify black garments worn by women; and the sing. is ↓ salabapN: (M:) accord. to the T, silaAbN signifies a black garment with which a woman mourning for the death of her husband covers her head: accord. to the R, a black xiroqap [or piece torn off from a garment or cloth] that is worn by a woman bereft of her child, or of a person beloved, by death. (TA.) -A2- See also saliybN. : see saliybN, in four places. -A2- Also A spear that takes away life: pl. sulubN. (Ham p. 171.) i. q. ↓ masoluwbN [as meaning Seized, or carried off, by force: ― -b2- and more commonly spoiled, despoiled, plundered, or deprived of what was upon one or with one]: (S, A, * Msb:) as also ↓ salabN [but app. in the former sense only]. (S.) [Hence] one says $ajarapN saliybN (tropical:) A tree despoiled, or deprived, of its leaves and its branches: (M, K, TA:) or of which the leaves and fruit have been taken: (A:) pl. sulubN, as in the phrases naxolN sulubN palm-trees upon which is no fruit, and $ajarN sulubN trees upon which are no leaves; the sing. being of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN: (S:) and one says also ↓ $ajarapN sulubN, [using sulubN as a sing., like other words of the same measure mentioned in what follows,] meaning a tree of which the leaves have become scattered, or strewn. (Az, TA.) And saliybN is applied to a woman as meaning (assumed tropical:) Whose husband has died, or her loved and loving relation or friend, and who puts on the black garments of mourning for him; as also ↓ musal~ibN and ↓ saluwbN: (Lh, M:) or ↓ musal~ibN, so applied, signifies [simply] (assumed tropical:) putting on, or wearing, the black garments of mourning. (M. [See an ex. of this last word with the affix p, used as a pl., in a verse cited voce xaTobN; and an ex. of its pl., musal~ibaAt, in a verse cited voce vadoYu.]) Also, applied, to a she-camel, and so ↓ saAlibN and ↓ saluwbN and ↓ musolibN, (K,) the last in one instance in the copies of the K erroneously written musal~ibN, (TA,) and ↓ sulubN, (K, TA,) with damm to the first and second letters, (TA,) [in the CK sulobN, and said to be with damm,] or ↓ saluwbN thus applied, (S, M,) and ↓ silaAbN, (M,) (assumed tropical:) Whose young has died: (M, K:) or that has cast her young one in an imperfect state: (S, M, K: and in this latter sense, as applied to a she-camel, ↓ musolibN is particularly mentioned in the M:) and in like manner applied to a woman: (M, K:) the pl. (of saluwbN, S, M, or silaAbN, M) is sulubN (S, M, K, TA, in the last expressly stated to be like kutubN, but in the CK sulobN,) and salaAy^ibu: (M, K:) and sometimes they said ↓ AimoraA^apN sulubN, like naAqapN EuluTN and farasN furuTN, and numerous other instances that have been enumerated by A'Obeyd, in which words of the measure fuEulN, without p, are used as fem. epithets: (M:) or ↓ saluwbN signifies (tropical:) a she-camel whose young one has been taken; and its pl. is salaAy^ibu; (A:) and, applied to a she-camel, it signifies also Aal~atiY yuromaY waladuhaA (tropical:) [which may mean whose young one is cast abortively; or cast away because abortive; or cast at, or shot at, and killed]: (L, TA:) and is also applied to a she-gazelle, as meaning despoiled, or deprived, of her young one: and so ↓ saAlibN. (M.) Applied to a man, (M,) it signifies also AlEaqoli ↓ musotalabu (assumed tropical:) [Despoiled, or deprived, of reason]; (M, K;) and you say [also] AlEaqoli ↓ musolabu, [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ musolib, see 1,] a tropical expression: (A:) pl. salobaY. (M, K.) , (Lh, M, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, salabuwbN,]) of the measure faEaluwtN, from salabahu Al$~aYo'a, (M,) and ↓ sal~aAbapN, are [doubly intensive] epithets of which each is applied to a man and to a woman; (Lh, M, K;) meaning Wont to spoil, or plunder, people [very often, or] constantly. (TK.) [One who spoils, or plunders, people much or often. -A2- And A seller, or manufacturer, of ropes, or baskets, made of salab]: see its pl., voce salabN. : see salabuwtN. : see saliybN, in two places. A row of palm-trees; as also A^usokuwbN. (IAar, TA in the present art. and in art. skb. [This is app. the primary signification; as seems to be indicated, by its occupying the first place, in the TA.]) ― -b2- A road, or way, (M, Msb, K, TA,) that one takes: (M, TA:) any extended road or way: a way or direction [in which one goes]: (TA:) a way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: (A, TA:) a mode, manner, sort, or species; syn. fan~N: (S, M, * Msb, TA:) pl. A^asaAliybu. (S, M, A, Msb.) You say, huwa EalaY A^usoluwbK mino A^asaAliybi Alqawomi, i. e. [He is following] a way of the ways of the people, or party. (Msb.) And humo fiY A^usoluwbi sawo'K [They are in a bad, or an evil, way]. (TA.) And salaka A^usoluwbahu He pursued his way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like. (A, TA.) And A^axa*a fiY A^asaAliyba mina Alqawoli He began, or entered upon, modes, manners, sorts, or species, [meaning varieties, or diversities,] of speech; syn. funuwnK, (S,) or A^afaAniyna. (M.) And kalaAmuhu EalaY A^asaAliyba HasanapK [His speech, or language, is according to good, or beautiful, modes, manners, sorts, or species]. (A, TA.) And one says of him who is proud, A^anofuhu fiY A^usoluwbK (M, A) [His nose is kept in one direction], meaning (tropical:) he looks not to the right nor to the left. (A.) [Hence it is said that] A^usoluwbN signifies also (tropical:) Elevation in the nose, from pride. (K, TA.) ― -b3- Also The aperture of a watering-trough, or tank, through which the water flows. (IAar, TA in art. byb.) ― -b4- And The neck of the lion. (K.) A certain game of the Arabs of the desert: or some action that they perform among them: one says, bayonahumo A^usoluwbapN [Among them is a performance of what is termed Aslwbp]. (Lh, M.) : see saliybN, last sentence. : see saliybN, in three places. : see saliybN, in two places. ― -b2- maAliY A^araAka musal~ibFA i. e. [What hath happened to me that I see thee] unfamiliar, not inclining to any one? is a saying whereby a man is likened to a wild animal: one says also, A_in~ahu lawaHo$Y~N musal~ibN, meaning Verily he is unsociable and ungentle. (AZ, L, TA.) : see saliybN, first sentence. : see saliybN, last sentence. the name of A sword of 'Amr Ibn Kulthoom: and of another, belonging to Aboo-Dahbal. (K.) slt , aor. , (M, K) and , (K,) inf. n. salotN, (M, TA,) He extracted, or made to come forth, [the contents of] the gut [by compressing it] with his hand. (M, K. [In both it is expl. by A^axorajahu biyadihi: but it seems that a fault has been accidentally committed by a copyist in the former or in its original, and thence passed into the latter; and that the words which I have supplied are necessary to explain the true meaning. That such is the case, appears from what here follows.]) It is said in the L that Als~alotu signifies The griping, with the hand, a thing that is contaminated by dirt, or filth, so that what is in it comes forth; and thus is done with a gut. (TA.) It is also said to signify The extracting, or causing to come forth, what is fluid, or moist, adhering to another thing. (MF, TA.) [Hence,] salata xamo$ahu i. e. muxaATahu Eano A^anofihi [He cleansed his nose of the mucus that was in it by compressing it with his fingers]: occurring in two trads.; in one of which, the Prophet is related to have been in the habit of doing this to El-Hoseyn when he used to carry him upon his shoulder. (TA.) [Hence, likewise,] it is said in a trad., fayanofu*u AljaHiymu A_ilaY jawofihi fayasolutu maAfiyhi, i. e. [And the fire of Hell shall penetrate to his inside, and] shall exscind and extirpate what is in it. (TA.) ― -b2- You say also, salata AlqaSoEapa, (S, A, K,) aor. , inf. n. salotN; (S;) and ↓ AstlthA; (K;) He cleansed the bowl by taking off with his finger what remained upon its sides; (S;) he wiped the bowl (A, K) with his fingers (A) or with his finger. (K.) And salatato xiDaAbahaA Eano yadihaA, (S, Msb, K,) aor. , inf. n. salotN, (Msb,) She cast from her, or from her hand, the remains of her stuff for dyeing the hands or hair: (S, K:) or she put away, or removed, that stuff from her hand: (Msb:) or she wiped off, and cast away, that stuff from her hand: (TA:) or salata AlxiDaAba, aor. , he took away, and wiped off, the material for dyeing the hands or hair; and in like manner. a similar thing; and sweat; and blood. (Mgh.) salata Ald~ama EanohaA occurs in a trad. as meaning He removed the blood [from her or it]. (TA.) ― -b3- salata dama Albadanapi (M, K) means, accord. to Lh, He scraped off the blood of the bdnp [or beast brought to Mekkeh for sacrifice, or there sacrificed,] with the knife: but [ISd says, (and in like manner halata dama Albadanapi is expl. in the L as on the authority of Lh,)] in my opinion the meaning is, he scraped off the skin of the bdnp with the knife so that he made its blood to appear. (M. [The explanation in the K is made up from the two different explanations in the M, being as follows: qa$arahu Hat~aY A^aZohara damahaA, as though meaning he scraped off the dried blood of the bdnp so that he made its fresh blood to appear: but in the copy of the K followed in the TA, Aln~adabap (i. e. the scar) is put in the place of Albadanap, and the former of these two (i. e. Alndbp) I regard as the right word.]) ― -b4- salata also signifies (assumed tropical:) He cut off a thing. (K. [This is said in the TA to be the primary meaning: but accord. to the A, the phrase here following, in which it has this meaning, is tropical.]) You say, salata A^anofahu, (S, M, A, K,) aor. and , inf. n. salotN, (M,) (tropical:) He cut off his nose (S, M, A, K) entirely (TA) with a sword. (S, A.) And salata yadahu biAls~ayofi (assumed tropical:) He cut off his hand, or arm, with the sword. (M.) And salata $aEarahu (assumed tropical:) He shaved off his hair. (M, K.) And salata raA^osahu (tropical:) He shaved his head. (As, S, L.) ― -b5- salatahu (assumed tropical:) He beat, struck, or smote, him: (K, TA:) and flogged him. (TA.) You say, salat~uhu miAy^apa sawoTK (assumed tropical:) I inflicted upon him a hundred strokes of the whip. (S, TA.) ― -b6- And salata bisaloHihi (assumed tropical:) He cast forth his excrement, or ordure. (K.) He stole, or slipped, away from us without his being known to do so. (M, K.) see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. A species of $aEiyr [or barley], (Lth, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) having no hush, (Lth, S, Mgh, Msb,) A^ajoradu [which may mean either beardless or smooth], (Lth,) [in appearance] as though it were wheat, (S,) growing in El-Ghowr and El- Hijáz; (Mgh, Msb;) the sawiyq [or meal of the parched grain] whereof is employed as a cooling diet in the Sayof [or summer]: (TA:) or i. q. $aEiyr [i. e. the common barley]; (M, K;) as some say: (M:) or the sour (HaAmiD) sort of $Eyr: (M, K:) or a white $Eyr, without husk: or, as some say, a species of wheat; but the explanation next preceding this last is the more correct, for AlbayoDaA='u and Als~ulotu are mentioned in a trad. as distinct, each from the other, and by the former is meant wheat: (TA:) or a species of $Eyr with a thin husk and small grain: (IF, Msb:) or a grain between wheat and barley ($Eyr), not having a husk like that of the latter, and thus being like wheat in smoothness, and like barley ($Eyr) in its nature, or quality, and in its coolness: (Az, Msb:) accord. to Es-Seydelánee, like barley ($Eyr) in its form, and like wheat in its nature, or quality; but this is a mistake: (Ibn-Es-Saláh, Msb:) [gymnocrithon (i. e. hordeum nudym) of Galen: tragus of Diosc. (Golius.)] It (a thing, or an affair, TA) escaped me: (K, TA:) accord. to some, sltp is here an imitative sequent. (TA.) A woman who does not make frequent use of Hin~aA=' [for tinging, or dyeing, her hands]; (S;) a woman who does not frequently tinge her hands with xiDaAb: (M:) or a woman who does not make use of xiDaAb for herself (M, A, K) at all: so some say. (M.) It is related of the Prophet, in a trad., that he cursed such a woman. (TA.) What is extracted, or made to come forth, (M, K, *) from a gut [by compressing it] with the hand. (M.) ― -b2- What is taken off with the finger from the sides of a bowl, to clean it. (S, K. *) A man (S) whose nose has been cut off (S, M, K) entirely. (S, K.) [app. An instrument with which Hn~A=' is scraped off, or removed, from the hand]. One says, A^aEoTiniY misolaAta Hin~aAy^ika [Give thou to me &c.]. (A.) That whereof the flesh that was upon it has been taken off or away, or removed. (K.) ― -b2- And A shaven head. (As, S, L.) sltm A calamity, or misfortune. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- A hard, or severe, year. (S, M, K.) ― -b3- A [goblin, or demon, such as is termed] guwl. (S, M, K.) ― -b4- A she-camel having no tooth remaining, and whose lower lip has fallen and she is unable to raise it. (K, TA. [The explanation in the CK is faulty: the last words should be laA tasotaTiyEu rafoEahu.]) Some say that the m is augmentative. (TA.) ― -b5- One says also maA A^aSaAba silotimFA, [in the CK salotamFA,] meaning He got not anything. (K, TA.) slj , aor. , inf. n. salajaAnN (S, O, Msb, K) and salojN, (S, O, K,) He swallowed (S, O, Msb, K) a morsel, or mouthful, or gobbet, (S, O, K,) and food, (TA,) or a thing; (Msb;) as also salaja, aor. ; (Msb;) and ↓ tsl~j: (O, K: *) or salajaAnN signifies the eating quickly. (TA.) Hence the saying, AlA^akolu salajaAnN waAlqaDaA='u lay~aAnN [Eating is a swallowing, and paying is a putting off], (S, Meyd, O,) or AlA^axo*u salajaAnN Alx [Taking, or receiving, is a swallowing, &c.]: (Meyd, TA:) i. e., when a man receives a loan, or the like, he devours it [greedily]; but when he from whom he has received it demands his due, he puts him off by promising to pay it: (S, O:) a prov., (Meyd, O, TA,) applied to him who takes the property of others and to whom it is easy to do so; but when he is sued for payment, puts off, and it is difficult to him: (Meyd:) meaning that one loves to take, and hates to return, or restore. (L. [See also sur~ayoTaY.]) ― -b2- salaja Aln~aAqapa, said of a young camel, He sucked the she-camel; (O, K;) as also malajahaA. (L, TA.) -A2- salajati AlA_ibilu, aor. , (S, K, TA,) inf. n. suluwjN; (TA;) and salijat, aor. ; (K, TA;) or the latter only accord. to AHn; (TA;) or the latter is better than the former accord. to Sh; (O, TA;) The camels had a looseness (S, K) of their bellies (S) from eating the plant called sul~aj. (S, K.) : see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- Also He persevered, or persisted, in drinking (Lh, O, K) the beverage called nabiy*, (Lh,) or wine; (O, K;) like tazal~aja; (Lh;) meaning he made it to enter his sil~ijaAn; (O;) or as though he filled with it his sil~ijaAn, (K,) i. e. his Huloquwm: (TA:) and so ↓ Astlj. (O, K.) see what next precedes. : see salajolajN, below. A saAjap, (O, K,) i. e. an oblong and squared piece of wood of the tree called saAj, as brought from India, (TA in art. swj,) from which a door is cloven, or divided off, lengthwise: (O, K:) so says AHn. (TA.) -A2- See also what next follows. A certain plant, (S, K,) upon which the camels pasture, (S,) soft, flaccid, or fragile, of the shrub-kind; (TA;) also called ↓ sul~ujaAnN, (K, TA,) or ↓ sul~ajaAnN, (CK,) like qm~HAn; (K;) and ↓ saliyjapN: (TA:) or the ↓ sl~jAn, (O, TA,) i. e. sul~ajaAn, with damm to the s, and teshdeed and fet-h to the l, (O,) is a species of the sul~aj; (O, TA;) and this last is one of the largest of the kind of trees called HamoD: (O:) accord. to AHn, (TA,) or as is said by some one or more of the Arabs of the desert, (O,) the sul~aj is a large kind of trees, like the tails of the [lizards called] DibaAb [pl. of Dab~N], green, and having thorns, and [of the kind termed] HamoD: (O, TA:) in the T it is said to be a sort of HamoD that ceases not to be green in the summer, or hot season, and in the rabiyE [app. here meaning autumn], and is weak, or weak and soft: Az also says that it grows in the plains, or level tracts, has a fruit, or produce, with a sharpness in the extremities thereof, and is green in the [season called] rabiyE, and then dries up, and becomes yellow: and he adds, [contr. to what has been said above, from his work, the T,] it is not reckoned among the trees called HamoD. (L, TA.) or sul~uHaAnN: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places. The Huloquwm [properly the windpipe, but here app. meaning the gullet: see 5]. (O, K.) One says, ramaAhu A@ll~`hu fiY sil~ijaAnihi [May God smite him, or afflict him, in his sl~jAn]. (O.) and sulajolajN and ↓ saliyjN Good, or pleasant, food, (O, K, TA,) that is swallowed (K, TA) with ease. (TA.) Bald in the fore part of the head; like A^asolaxu; but the former is the more common. (TA in art. slx.) saljm and ↓ sulaAjimN Tall, or long; (S, K;) as epithets applied to a horse, and to a man, and to the iron head or blade of an arrow &c.: (K:) or, applied to this last, the former word signifies long and broad: (AHn, TA:) or slender; as also salomajN: and the pls. of these two words are salaAjimu and salaAmiju: which, applied to such iron heads or blades, signify [also] sharpened, or pointed, or sharp-pointed: (TA:) and salaAjimu applied to arrows signifies long in the iron heads. (S.) salojamN and ↓ sulaAjimN are also applied as epithets to a camel: (S, K: [in the former it is implied that in this case they have the first of the significations above; but see what follows:]) thus applied, they signify Advanced in age, and strong: (K:) or the former, so applied, signifies strong: (S voce SaloxadN:) the pl. of each is salaAjimu, with fet-h [to the s]. (S, K.) ― -b2- Also the former, applied to the laHoY [or jaw-bone], Strong, (K, TA,) full-sized, (TA,) and thick, or compact. (K, TA.) And, applied to a head, Long in the laHoyaAni [or jaw-bones]. (K, TA.) ― -b3- Also A well ancient (EaAdiy~apN) and having much water. (K.) -A2- salojamN is also the name of A certain well-known plant; (K, TA;) of those termed buquwl; which is eaten; (TA;) [namely, colza; or brassica napus oleifera: so in the present day:] it is an arabicized word, [from the Pers. $alogamo,] originally with $, but pronounced by the Arabs with s: (AHn, TA:) one should not say valojamN, nor $alojamN, or this is a word of weak authority: (T, K, TA:) Az says that some pronounce it with $, but that it is correctly with s. (TA.) : see the preceding paragraph, in two places. Arrows made long and broad [in their iron heads]. (TA.) slH , (S, Mgh, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. saloH, (S, Mgh, Msb,) said of a man, (TA,) He voided his excrement, or ordure; (S, K;) [or thin excrement: see saloHN: and] said of a bird, it muted, or dunged; (Msb;) like tagaw~aTa (Mgh, * Msb) said of a man: (Msb:) and said also [of other animals, as, for instance,] of a camel, (S, K, TA,) and of a bull. (K in art. vlT.) He armed him with a weapon or weapons. (A.) And sl~Hhu Als~ayofa, (K, TA,) and Alqawosa, (TA,) He armed him with the sword, (K, TA,) and the bow. (TA.) -A2- sl~H AlA_ibila, (A, TA,) inf. n. tasoiyHN, (TA,) It caused the camels to void sulaAH [or thin excrement; i. e. it purged them]; said of a herb. (A, TA.) [See also 4.] -A3- sl~H niHoyahu, inf. n. as above, He rubbed over his niHoY [or skin for holding clarified butter] with suloH, i. e. rob, or inspissated juice. (K, TA.) He made him to void sulaAH [or thin excrement]. (S, K.) [See also 2.] He wore, or put on, [or armed himself with,] a weapon, or weapons. (S, A, L, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] tasal~aHati AlA_ibilu biA^asoliHatihaA: see silaAHN. Excrement, ordure, or dung: (L, TA: [and evidently so accord. to the Msb; in my copy of which, and so, app., in the copy used by SM, immediately after the mention and explanation of the verb salaHa, is added, whw slHp tsmyp bAlmSdr; plainly showing, by what follows slHp, that this word is a mistranscription for saloHuhu; and that the meaning is, “ and it is its saloH, an instance of the inf. n. used as a subst. properly so called; ” i. e., the dung of a bird is called its saloH; for the verb is there said to relate to a bird; though in truth it has a general application:]) or such as is thin, of any dung: (L, TA: [and this is the sense in which it is commonly known:]) and ↓ sulaAHN signifies [the same: i. e.] excrement, ordure, or dung, (S, A, MA, L, K, KL,) of a human being, (KL,) or of a bird (MA) [and of any animal]: or thin excrement or dung: (MA:) this latter is said to be the correct meaning in a marginal note in a copy of the S: (TA:) the pl. of the former is suluwHN and suloHaAnN. (L, TA.) [ramaY bisaloHihi frequently occurs in the Lexicons &c., meaning He cast forth his excrement, or ordure; or properly, in a thin state.] yaA saloHa AlguraAbi [lit. O dung of the crow], an expression used by 'Omar, means yaA xabiyvu (assumed tropical:) [O foul, or filthy, man]. (Mgh.) signifies rub~ [i. e. Rob, or inspissated juice, generally of dates,] with which a skin for clarified butter is rubbed over, (K, TA,) for the purpose of seasoning it. (TA.) : see silaAHN. Rain-water in pools left by torrents: (K:) so says ISh: but not heard by Az from the Arabs. (TA.) The young of the Hajal [or partridge]; (S, K;) like sulakN and sulafN: (S:) [a coll. gen. n.: n. un. with p: for] it is said in the T that sulaHapN and sulakapN signify the young one of the Hajal: (TA:) pl. siloHaAnN, (T, S, K,) like silokaAnN. (T, TA.) : see silaAHN. : see silaAHN. : see saloHN. ― -b2- [Also A looseness, or flux of thin excrement from the bowels: diarrhœa.] , (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) as also ↓ saliHN (accord. to the K) or ↓ siloHN (accord. to the Msb) and ↓ suloHaAnN, (K,) [the last mentioned in the L as a pl.,] A weapon, or weapons; i. e. an instrument, or instruments, of war; (A, K;) the thing [or things] with which one fights in war, and repels, or defends oneself; (Msb;) anything with which one repels the enemy, as a sword and spear &c.: (Ham p. 73:) or a weapon, or weapons, of iron: (Lth, Mgh, K:) it is of the masc. gender, (S, Msb, TA,) accord. to the more approved usage, (TA,) or that which most prevails, (Msb,) because in the pl. it takes the form of A^asoliHapN, which is a pl. form of a masc. n., (S, Msb, *) as in the instances of A^aHomirapN, pl. of HimaArN, and A^arodiyapN, pl. of ridaA='N, (S,) but it is also fem., (S, Msb, K,) and has also for pls. suluHN and suloHaAnN, (L,) and the pl. fem. is silaAHaAtN. (Msb.) You say rajulN *uw silaAHK [A man having a weapon or weapons]. (K.) And qawomN *awuw silaAHK [A people, or party, having weapons, or arms]. (S, A, K.) And labisa Als~ilaAHa [He wore, or put on, the weapon, or the weapons, or arms]. (S, A, K.) And A^axa*a Alqawomu A^asoliHatahumo The people, or party, took their weapons, or arms, each taking his. (Msb.) ― -b2- A sword (Az, Mgh, K) alone is sometimes termed silaAHN. (Az, Mgh.) ― -b3- And A bow without a string (K) is likewise thus termed. (TA.) ― -b4- And A staff, or stick. (K.) ― -b5- silaAHu lv~awori means (assumed tropical:) The horns of the bull. (S, * TA.) ― -b6- *uw Als~ilaAHi is (tropical:) an appel-lation of Als~amaAku Alr~aAmiHu [i. e. The star Arcturus]. (A, TA.) ― -b7- And A^axa*ati AlA_ibilu silaAHahaA and biA^asoliHatihaA mean (tropical:) The camels became fat, and of goodly appearance; (A, L, TA;) i. e. their fat became as though it were weapons with which they prevented their being slaughtered: (L, TA:) and the like has been mentioned before, [voce rumoHN,] in art. rmH. (TA.) A man having, (K,) or having with him, (S,) a weapon, or weapons: (S, K:) an epithet [of the possessive kind, having no verb,] similar to taAmirN and laAbinN. (TA.) -A2- And A she-camel that has voided excrement, [or thin excrement,] in consequence [of the eating] of herbs, or leguminous plants. (S, K.) [More wont to mute than a bustard] (Meyd, A, Mgh) and mino dajaAjapK [than a domestic hen]: the former mutes in the time of fear; and the latter, in the time of security: (Meyd:) a prov. (Meyd, Mgh.) A certain plant, the pasturing upon which causes the milk (S, K) of the camels (S) to become abundant: (S, K:) or a certain kind of tree, or shrub, that has this effect: (L:) [see also A_isoliyxN:] it was said to an Arab woman of the desert, “ What is thy father's tree? ” and she answered, $ajarapu A^abiY AlA_isoliyHo rugowapN waSariyHN wasanaAmN A_iToriyHo [The tree of my father is the isleeh: froth upon the milk, and milk free from froth; and a long, or tall, hump: these are the consequences of pasturing upon it]: (S, * L:) or it is a certain herb, or leguminous plant, of those that are slender and soft (mino A^aHoraAri Albuquwli), growing in the winter, that causes the camels to void sulaAH [or thin excrement] when they eat much of it: or a certain herb (Eu$obap), resembling the jirojiyr [or rocket], growing upon tracts of sand such as are termed Huquwf: or a certain kind of plant, growing conspicuously in plain, or soft, tracts, having a thin and delicate leaf, and a pericarp (sinofap) stuffed with grains, or seeds, like those of the poppy; which is one of the plants of the rain of the Sayof [here meaning spring (see zamanN)], and which causes the cattle to void sulaAH: n. un. with p: Aboo-Ziyád says that the places in which the AslyH grows are sands. (L.) A vagor [or frontier of a hostile country]: (K:) or a place of arms or weapons, (Mgh,) like a vagor and a maroqab [which is an elevated place of observation], (S, Mgh, TA,) wherein are parties that watch the enemy, lest they should make an invasion at unawares, and , when they see them, inform their companions, in order that they may prepare themselves for them: (Nh, TA:) pl. masaAliHu. (S, Mgh.) ― -b2- Also, [in one of my copies of the S erroneously written musal~aHap,] A people, or party, having arms, or weapons; an armed people or party; (S, A, K, TA;) composing a numerous body, in a place of observation, with the keeping of which they are entrusted, at the frontier of an enemy's country; a single person of whom is termed ↓ masolaHiY~N; (A, * L;) and masolaHapN [also] is thus applied to a single person in a saying of 'Omar: (Mgh:) they are thus called because of their having weapons, or because of their occupying the place called masolaHapN: (Nh:) or the mslHp of the army are a party of capturers that go before the army, exploring for them the way, and searching as spies to learn news of the enemy, lest the enemy should make a sudden assault upon them; not suffering any one of the enemy to enter the territory of the Muslims, and warning the Muslims of the approach of an army. (ISh.) : see the next preceding paragraph. slHb It was, or became, right, direct, rightly directed, straight, or even. (S, K.) ― -b2- It (a road) was extended: (S:) or conspicuous and extended. (K.) ― -b3- [And app. It was, or became, spread out, or expanded: see the part n., below.] A woman who cares not for what she does nor for what is said to her. (AA, TA.) Right, direct, rightly directed, straight, or even: (S, K:) like mutolay^ib~N. (TA.) ― -b2- Extended: (S:) or conspicuous and extended: (K:) applied to a road: (S, K:) like muTolaHib~N. (L.) ― -b3- I. q. munobaTiHN [app. as meaning Spread out, or expanded]. (TA.) ― -b4- Zal~a yawomanaA musoaHib~FA means Our day was, or became, one of protracted journeying. (L, TA.) slHf (AZ, Msb, K) and suloHafaY, (Fr, K,) pronounced by the vulgar siloHafaY, (TA,) and sulaHofaApN [which is the most common of the dial. vars.] (S, Msb, K) and siaHofaApN (Fr, K) and suloHafaApN, (Msb,) and sulaHofaA='u, (AZ, Msb, K,) and sulaHofiyapN, (S, K,) [The tortoise, commonly so called; and also the turtle, or sea-tortoise; applied to both in the present day;] a certain wellknown beast; (K;) [and] a certain aquatic animal; (Msb;) called in Pers. baAxaho and ka$afo (MA, PS) and sanoGo Pu$oto; (MA;) applied to the male and the female: (Msb:) pl. salaAHifu: (S, Msb:) or, accord. to Fr, the male of the salaAHif is called gayolamN; and the female is called slHfAp in the dial. of Benoo-Asad: (Msb:) [it is said to be derived from the Pers. swlAx PAY; because there is a hole in the body, into which the foot enters: (Freytag's Lex.:)] its blood and its gall-bladder are [asserted to be] beneficial to him who is affected with epilepsy; and the smearing with its blood, to the joints; (K, TA;) which thereby become strong: (TA:) and it is said that when the cold has become intense in a place, (K, TA,) and one fears for the seedproduce from it, (TA,) and this beast is placed upside-down, so that its fore and hind legs are towards the air, the cold will not alight upon that place. (K, TA.) ― -b2- [Als~ulaHofaApu or Als~uloHafaApu is also a name of (tropical:) The constellation Lyra; commonly called Al$~aloyaAqu.] slx , (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. , (S, K, [as in the Kur xxxvi. 37,]) or , (Msb, [but this I find in no other lexicon,]) and , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. saloxN, (S, Msb,) He stripped off (S, K) the hide, or skin, of a sheep or goat: (S:) or he skinned a sheep or goat. (A, Msb.) And sulixa jiloduhaA [Its skin was stripped off]. (A.) One does not say of a camel, salaxotu jilodahu; but ka$aTotuhu, and najawotuhu, and A^anojayotuhu. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He pulled off or stripped off [a garment]. (K, TA.) You say of a woman, salaxato diroEahaA, (S, TA,) and salaxato EanohaA diroEahaA, (A, TA,) (tropical:) She pulled off her shift; stripped it off. (S, TA.) ― -b3- And [hence,] salaxa Al$~ahora, (S, A, Msb,) or $ahorahu, (K,) aor. (L, Msb) and , (L,) inf. n. saloxN and suluwxN, (L, Msb,) (tropical:) He passed the month, or his month; (S, K, TA;) came to the end of it. (S, A, Msb, K.) salaxonaA Al$~ahora means (tropical:) We passed forth from the month; having pulled off from ourselves every night one thirtieth part until the nights were complete, when we pulled off from ourselves all of it: and A^aholalonaA hilaAla $ahori ka*aA means “ We entered upon [the period of the new moon of] such a month; clothing ourselves with it and increasing the clothing of ourselves therewith until the passing of the half of it: ” then we pull off from ourselves [by degrees] the whole of it: hence a verse cited voce jumaAdaY. (T, TA.) And one says of God, salaxa Aln~ahaAra mina All~ayoli (tropical:) He drew forth gently the day from the night: (K, TA:) or He separated the day from the night. (Jel in xxxvi. 37.) ― -b4- See also 7, in three places. ― -b5- salaxa AlHar~u jiloda AlA_inosaAni and [in an intensive sense] ↓ sl~xhu (assumed tropical:) [The heat made the skin of the man to peel off; or excoriated the man]. (TA.) And salaxa Aljarabu jilodahu (tropical:) [The mange, or scab, excoriated him, i. e., a camel]: (A, TA:) [and so salaxahu without the mention of the skin:] see saAlixN. And sulixa AlZ~aliymu (assumed tropical:) The ostrich had a disease in his feathers [app. such as caused many of them to fall off]. (TA.) ― -b6- salaxa Aln~abaAtu (assumed tropical:) [The plant shed its foliage, and then became altogether green again: (see saAlixN:) or] the plant became green again after having dried up. (M, K.) ― -b7- fasalaxuwA mawoDiEa AlmaA='i kamaA yusolaxu AlA_ihaAbu faxaraja AlmaA='u, in a trad. respecting Solomon and the hudohud [or hoopoe, i. e. (assumed tropical:) And they stripped off the surface of the place of the water, like as the hide is stripped off, and thereupon the water came forth], means that they dug until they found the water. (TA.) ― -b8- sulixa mino baToni A^um~ihi, said of a child, means (assumed tropical:) He was drawn out from the belly of his mother. (TA.) ― -b9- saloxu Al$iEori is (assumed tropical:) The substituting throughout the poetry, for the original words, other words synonymous therewith: what falls short of this is termed masoxN. (TA. [See Har p. 263.]) see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. see the next paragraph, first sentence. and [in an intensive sense] ↓ tsl~x [His skin became stripped off: ― -b2- and (assumed tropical:) he became excoriated by heat]. (A, TA. [The latter meaning is indicated in the TA.]) ― -b3- Anslxt AlHay~apu mino qi$orihaA [The serpent cast off, or divested itself of, its slough]: (S:) and ↓ salaxat AlHay~apu, (L, K,) aor. , inf. n. saloxN, (L,) [signifies the same, or] the serpent withdrew itself from its slough: (L, K:) and in like manner one says of any creeping thing: (L:) and one says of the serpent termed Als~aAlixu [q. v.], jilodahu ↓ yasolaxu [He casts off his slough]. (S.) ― -b4- One says also of a man, Anslx mino viyaAbihi (assumed tropical:) [He became stripped, or divested, or he divested himself, of his clothes]. (S.) ― -b5- And Anslx Al$~ahoru (S, A, Msb, K) mino sanatihi (S) (tropical:) The month passed, or passed away [from its year]; (Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ salaxa. (K.) And Anslx Aln~ahaAru mina All~ayoli (S, A, K) (tropical:) The day became drawn forth gently from the night; (K, TA;) came forth from the night so as not to leave with it aught of its light. (TA.) [As used in this phrase and in others,] Anslx minohu means (assumed tropical:) It became altogether separated from it; quitted it entirely. (MF.) , inf. n. AisolixaAxN He lay upon his side. (K.) : see misolaAxN in two places. ― -b2- saloxu Al$~ahori (assumed tropical:) The last, or end, of the month; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ munosalaxahu: (K:) or the last day thereof. (MA.) : see misolaAxN, in two places. The spun thread that is upon the spindle. (K.) : see misolaAxN. A skinned sheep or goat; (L;) as also ↓ masoluwxN (S, K) and ↓ masoluwxapF: (TA:) or this last is an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a skinned sheep or goat, without head and without legs and without belly: (Mgh:) and the first is an epithet applied to a sheep or goat until some part of it has been eaten; after which, what remains is called $ilowN, whether much or little. (L.) -A2- saliyxN maliyxN A thing, (JK,) accord. to the K a person, but this is not in the other lexicons, (TA,) insipid; without taste. (JK, K, TA.) ― -b2- And A man (TA) vehement in jimaA', without impregnating. (K, TA.) In it (accord. to the K in him, but see saliyxN, TA) is insipidity, or tastelessness. (K, * TA.) [app. A piece of skin, or hide, stripped off]. (K voce jar~N.) -A2- The urine of the mountaingoat. (KL.) [In Pers. salaAHahN: thus, with H, and with fet-h to the first letter, accord. to Johnson's Pers. Ar. and Engl. Dict. Golius adds, on the authority of Ibn-Beytár, that it is black and viscous like pitch, and is collected from the rocks.] (assumed tropical:) A certain perfume, or odoriferous substance, resembling bark stripped off, (JK, K, TA,) and having $uEab [or forking projections]. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Of the [plants called] rimov (JK, S, K) and Earofaj, (JK, S,) [Such as has been stripped of what was good for pasture;] the portion that has in it nothing for pasture (JK, S, K, TA) remaining; (TA;) consisting only of dry wood: (S, TA:) and of the Erfj, such as is thick, of what has become dried up. (TA.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) The oil of the fruit, or produce, of the baAn [or bentree] before it has been seasoned (K, TA) with aromatics: when it has been seasoned with musk and [other] perfume, and then expressed, it is termed mano$uw$N; and one says of it, nu$~a. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) Offspring: (JK, K, TA:) because it has been drawn out (sulixa i. e. nuziEa) from the belly of its mother. (TA.) an extr. pl. [or quasi-pl. n.] of saAlixN, q. v. (TA.) A skinner, or flayer. (KL.) Skinning, or flaying. (KL.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Mange, or scab, in consequence of which the camel is excoriated (↓ yusolaxu). (K.) ― -b3- [A serpent casting off its slough. And hence,] A black serpent, (JK, S, K,) intensely black: (JK, TA:) you say, A^asowadu saAlixN, (S, K,) not prefixing the former word so as to govern the latter in the gen. case: [so called] because it casts off its slough (yasolaxN jilodahu) every year: (S:) the female is called A^asowadapN, and is not qualified by the epithet saAlixapN: (S, K:) and you say A^asowadaAni saAlixN, (K,) not giving to the epithet the dual form, accord. to AZ and As; but IDrd authorizes its being in the dual form, though the former mode is the better known: (TA:) and A^asaAwidu saAlixapN and sawaAlixu and sul~axu and ↓ sul~axapN, (K,) which last is extr. [i. e. anomalous]. (TA.) ― -b4- Also (assumed tropical:) A plant of the kinds termed HamoD &c. that has shed its foliage (salaxa) and then become altogether green again. (TA.) , applied to a man, (JK,) (assumed tropical:) Very red [as though skinned]. (JK, K.) ― -b2- And [its pl.] saloxaY, applied to camels, (assumed tropical:) Having mange, or scab, by which they are excoriated. (JK.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) Bald in the fore part of the head: (K:) but A^asolaju is more common in this sense. (TA.) A certain plant. (K.) [Perhaps a dial. var. of A_isoliyHN, or a mistranscription for this latter.] A place in which sheep or goats are skinned. (Msb.) A skin, or hide; (JK, S, K;) as also ↓ saloxN: (TA:) or, of a sheep or goat; (A;) as also ↓ siloxN, i. e. its skin, or hide, that is stripped off. (K, TA.) [Hence,] one says, fulaAnN HimaArN fiY misolaAxi A_inosaAnK (tropical:) [Such a one is an ass in the skin of a man]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And The slough of a serpent; (JK, S, A, L, K;) as also ↓ siloxN, (MA, KL, and so in the CK,) or ↓ saloxN, (TA,) and ↓ saloxapN. (L, and so in copies of the K and in the TA.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) A palm-tree of which the unripe dates fall and become scattered about in a green state. (S, K.) ; and with p: see saliyxN. : see saloxN. sls , [aor. ,] inf. n. salasN and salaAsapN and suluwsapN, [It was, or became, loose, not tight; as meaning slack; the only signification indicated by ISd; (see salisN, below;) and also as meaning unsteady:] (M:) [in the K, salasN and salaAsapN are said to be simply substs.: see the former of these two words below.] ― -b2- salisa, (Msb, TA,) aor. , inf. n. salasN (Msb) [and app. salaAsapN also, (see salasN below,)] said of a colt, (TA,) [and of a horse, and, tropically, of a man, (see salisN,)] He was, or became, tractable, submissive, compliant, obsequious, (TA;) or easy, (Msb, TA,) and gentle. (Msb.) You say, salisa liY biHaq~iY (tropical:) (He was easy to me in giving me my due, or right]. (A, TA.) And salisa bawoluhu, (TA,) inf. n. salasN, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) His urine flowed involuntarily; he was unable to retain his urine; (Msb, TA;) by reason of disease. (Msb.) [The explanations of salasN and salisN &c. below will serve to give further illustrations of this verb.] ― -b3- salisati Aln~axolapu, aor. , The palm-tree lost the stumps, or lower ends, of its branches; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also ↓ A^asolasat: and the epithet applied to the palm-tree in this case is ↓ misolaAsN; (K;) or, accord. to the Tekmileh and O and L, ↓ musolisN; but it seems that ↓ naxolapN musolisN means a palm-tree that lets fall and strews its unripe dates; and ↓ misolaAsN, that usually does thus: (TA:) and ↓ salasN means what falls from the palm-tree. (Ibn-Abbád, TA.) ― -b4- salisati Alxa$abapu, (inf. n. salasN, TA,) The piece of wood became old and crumbling and wasted. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) -A2- sulisa, (S, M, K,) inf. n. salosN and salasN, (IAar, M,) He became bereft of reason. (S, M, K.) , (Ibn-'Abbád,) inf. n. tasoliysN, (K,) He set, fixed, or put together, a composite ornament, of the ornaments worn by women, not consisting of xazar [or beads]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, * TA.) She (a camel) produced her young one before the completion of the days: (T, K:) the epithet applied to her in this case is ↓ musolisN; and to the young one, ↓ musolasN, (TA,) and ↓ salasN. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) ― -b2- See also 1. A string upon which beads, (M,) or white beads worn by female slaves, (S, K,) are strung: (S, M, K:) pl. suluwsN: (S, M:) or [a woman's ear-drop; i. e.] the woman's ornament called qurT. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) ― -b2- And [the pl.] suluwsN signifies also Women's mufflers, or headcoverings; syn. xumrN [pl. of ximaArN]: so says IAar; and he cites as an ex., qado malaA^ato marokuw~ahaA ruw^uwsaA kaA^an~a fiyhi EujuzFA juluwsFA $umoTa Alr~uw^uwsi A^aloqati Als~uluwsaA [They (referring to camels) had filled their watering-trough with heads, as though there were in it old women sitting, with grizzled heads, having thrown off the mufflers]: they having eaten of [the kind of plants, or trees, called] HamoD, so that their faces and heads had become white, he likens them to old women that had thrown off the mufflers. (M.) and ↓ salAsapN [said in the M to be inf. ns. of salisa, (q. v.,) and in the K to be simply substs., signify, as substs., Looseness; as meaning slackness; and as meaning unsteadiness: ― -b2- and also] Easiness, gentleness, tractableness, submissiveness; compliance, or obsequiousness. (S, K.) [Hence,] one says, ↓ fiY kalaAmihi salaAsapN (tropical:) [In his speech is easiness]. (A.) -A2- For the former, see also 1: ― -b2- and 4. part. n. of salisa; as also ↓ saAlisN: (M:) Loose, not tight; meaning [slack; (see 1, first sentence;) and also] unsteady; applied to a nail, (A, TA,) and to any other thing. (TA.) A rájiz says, ↓ mamokuwrapN garovaY Alwi$aAHi Als~aAlisi taDoHaku Eano *iY A^u$ur K guDaArisi [A female of slender make, whose loose wi$aAH (q. v.) required more than it had within it to fill it, laughing so as to discover cool and sweet serrated and sharp teeth]. (M, TA.) ― -b2- Easy; applied to a thing: (S:) easy, (Msb, K,) gentle; (S, Msb, K;) tractable; submissive; compliant; obsequious; (S, K;) applied [to a horse and the like, and, tropically,] to a man. (S.) You say, farasN salisu AlqiyaAdi [A horse easy to be led; tractable]. (A.) And fulaAnN salisu AlqiyaAdi and AlqiyaAdi ↓ misolaAsu (tropical:) [Such a one is easy to be led, or persuaded; tractable, submissive, or compliant]. (A.) ― -b3- (tropical:) A man easy in private conference; expl. by saholu Alxalowapi. (Msb.) ― -b4- Beverage, or wine, that descends gently or easily [down the throat]. (TA.) ― -b5- salisu Albawoli A man whose urine flows involuntarily; who is unable to retain his urine; (S, A, Msb, K;) by reason of disease. (Msb.) A certain herb, bearing a near resemblance to the naSiY~, (AHn, M, K, * TA,) except that it has a grain like that of the [species of barley called] sulot; (AHn, TA;) and when it dries up, it has an awn that flies about, when it is put in motion, like arrows, sticking into the eyes and the nostrils, and often blinding the pasturing beasts: (AHn, M, TA:) the places of its growth are the plain, or soft, tracts. (AHn, TA.) Loss, or departure, of reason or intellect. (S, M, K.) : see salasN, in two places. : see salisN, in two places. : see 4. : see 1, in two places: ― -b2- and see also 4. A sword having wavy marks resembling a chain: occurring in a verse of Ibn-Kilábeh ElHudhalee, as some relate it; but accord. to others, mulasolas, formed by transposition from musalosal. (TA.) : see salisN: ― -b2- and see also 1, latter part, in two places. Bereft of reason, or intellect; (S, M;) and [of bulk] of body, (M, TA,) as some say; but accord. to the T, one says rajulN masoluwsN in respect of his reason, or intellect, but maholuwsN in respect of his body: (TA:) possessed, or insane. (K.) slsbl , a quinqueliteral-radical word, (M,) Easy [as a beverage] in the utmost degree: (TA:) [applied as an epithet to milk, (laban, so in a copy of the M, and so in the CK,) or signifying smooth, (lay~in, so in copies of the K,)] in which is no roughness: (M, K:) and sometimes applied as an epithet to water, (M, TA,) or beverage, meaning easy of entrance into the throat, or fauces. (TA.) ― -b2- And Wine: (K:) so accord. to some, as in the saying of 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Rawáhah, in which it is [said to be] used as a syn. adjunct to the preceding word: A_in~ahumo Einoda rab~ihimo fiY jinaAnK ya$orabuwna Alr~aHiyqa waAls~alosabiylaA [as though meaning Verily they are with their Lord, in gardens, drinking wine and fermented juice of the grape: but the meaning may be, the choicest of wine, or the sweetest thereof, &c., (see raHiyqN,) and wine easy to swallow, or the like]. (TA.) ― -b3- And A certain fountain in Paradise [mentioned in art. sbl, q. v.]: (M, K:) Aboo-Bekr says that it may be a proper name of the fountain, and properly imperfectly decl. [i. e. without tenween] as being determinate and of the fem. gender, but made to be with tenween at the end of a verse in the Kur [lxxvi. 18] in order that it may be conformable with other endings of verses; or it may be an epithet applied to the fountain, and therefore perfectly decl.: (TA:) Sb mentions it as an ex. of an epithet: IAar says that he had not heard it except in the Kur-án: (M, TA:) I'Ab says that salosabiylFA [in the Kur] means that slips, or steals, (yanosal~u,) into the throats, or fauces: [as though the radical letters were only s and l, which some assert to be the case:] accord. to Aboo-Jaafar El-Bákir, it means soft in the part between the Hanojarap [or head of the windpipe] and the Haloq [or fauces]: the explanation as meaning [salo sabiylFA i. e.] salo rab~aka sabiylFA A_ilaY h`*ihi AlEayoni [Ask of thy Lord a way of access to this fountain] is a mistake, not allowable. (TA.) ― -b4- The pl. is salaAsibu and salaAsiybu: and the pl. of [the fem.] salosabiylapN is salosabiylaAtN. (TA.) ― -b5- [In the present day it is applied to An artificial fountain that throws up water.] slT , aor. , (M,) inf. n. salaATapN, (S, M, B,) He, or it, overcame, prevailed, or predominated: (S, TA:) or was, or became, firm, or established, in superior power or force: (B, TA:) he possessed power of dominion or sovereignty or rule. (M.) ― -b2- It (anything, as, for instance, a solid hoof, and a camel's foot,) was, or became, strong, or hard. (M.) ― -b3- He was, or became, sharp. (TA.) And the same verb, (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above (S, M, Msb, K) and suluwTapN, (S, M, K,) He was, or became, chaste, or perspicuous, in speech, or eloquent, and sharp in tongue: (S:) or long-tongued;; (M, K;) as also saliTa, aor. , (K,) inf. n. salaTN: (TS, TA:) or clamorous and foultongued: (Msb:) [or this verb, said of a man, has the first of these three significations; but] saluTato, inf. n. salaATapN, signifies she (a woman) was, or became, long-tongued, and vehemently clamorous. (Lth.) [See saliyTN, below.] , (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. tasoliyTN, (M, K,) also written with S, (Ibn-'Abbád, and K in art. SlT,) He (God, S) made him to overcome him; to prevail, or predominate, over him; or to have, or exercise, superior power or force over him: (S, K:) he made him to have mastery, dominion, or authority, and power, over him: (Msb:) he made him to have, or exercise, absolute dominion or sovereignty or rule, over him; (M;) or absolute superiority of power or force: (K:) he gave him power over him, and superior power or force. (TA.) [You say also, sl~T Ealayohi AlkilaAba He set the dogs upon him.] He overcame them; prevailed or predominated, over them; or was made to do so; he had, or exercised, or was made to have or exercise, superior power or force over them: (S:) he had, or was made to have, mastery, dominion, or authority, and power, or absolute dominion or authority and power, over them: (Msb:) he had, or received, power over them; and superior power or force; quasi-pass. of sal~aTahu Ealayohimo. (TA.) : see saliyTN; for the former, in four places; and for the latter, in seven. : see saliyTN; for the former, in four places; and for the latter, in seven. : see suloTaAnN; for the latter, in three places. : see suloTaAnN; for the latter, in three places. Strength, might, force, or power; (TA;) as also ↓ saloTanapN: (Bd in iii. 144:) predominance; the possession, or exercise, of superior power or force, or of dominion, or authority, and power, or of absolute dominion or authority and power; (Mgh;) as also ↓ suloTapN; (S;) the former being syn. with tasal~uTN [used as a subst.]; (Mgh;) and the latter being the subst. from tasal~aTa: (S:) power of dominion; sovereign, or ruling, power; (M;) [in this sense, as well as in the first,] i. q. ↓ saloTanapN; (Msb;) power of a king; (Lth, Mgh, K;) and of a governor; (Mgh, Msb;) [i. e.] delegated power, or power given to one who is not a king; (TA;) also written suloTaAnN; (M, Msb, K;) which is the only instance of this form: (Msb:) it is masc. and fem.; (M, TA;) generally masc., in the opinion of the skilful; but sometimes fem.; so say IAmb and Zj and others: (Msb:) but ISk says that it is fem. (TA.) One says, (ISk,) or some say, (Msb,) qaDato bihi Als~uloTaAnu (ISk, Msb) The sovereign, or ruling, power (↓ Als~aloTanapu) decreed it. (Msb.) And Aboo-Zuheyr says, I heard one, in whose chasteness of speech I have confidence, say, A^atatonaA suloTaAnN jaAy^irapN [A tyrannical sovereign, or ruling, power, came to us]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., A_il~aA A^ano tasoA^ala *aA suloTaAnK, meaning Unless thou ask the ruler, or governor, or the king, for thy due from the public treasury. (Mgh.) And you say, qado jaEalotu laka suloTaAnFA EalaY A^axo*i Haq~iY mino fulaAnK I have given thee power, or authority, to take, or receive, my due from such a one. (TA.) And laA yaw^um~u Alr~ajulu Alr~ajula fiY suloTaAnihi [A man shall not take precedence of a man in his authority]; meaning, in his house, and where he has predominance, or superior power, or authority; nor shall he sit upon his cushion; for in doing so he would show him contempt. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Strength, or hardness, of anything: (M, K:) sharpness of anything: force, or violence, of anything. (TA.) The vehemence of winter. (TK.) An excited and predominant state of the blood; or inflammation thereof. (IDrd, M, K.) The flaming, or blazing, of fire. (IDrd.) ― -b3- A proof; an evidence; an argument; a plea; an allegation; syn. Huj~apN, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and burohaAnN: (S, Msb:) a Huj~ap being thus called because of the force with which truth attacks the mind: (B:) or, accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed, from saliyTN, (M, TA,) signifying “ oil of olives, ” because it enlightens: (TA:) and in these senses it has no pl., because it is used in the place of an inf. n. (S, TA.) Accord. to I'Ab, it signifies Huj~ap wherever it occurs in the Kur. (TA.) But in the words of the Kur [xvii. 35], faqado jaEalonaA liwal~iyihi suloTaAnFA, the meaning may be either [We have given to his executor, or heir,] authority, and power, or absolute authority and power, or the like; or a plea, or the like. (Mgh.) And again, in the Kur [lxix. 29], halaka Ean~iY suloTaAniyaho, the meaning may be My dominion, and my authority and power over men, has perished from me; or my plea. (Bd, B.) And sometimes it means A miracle; as in the words of the Kur [li. 38], A_i*o A^arosalonaAhu A_ilaY firoEawona bisuloTaAn K mubiynK [When we sent him to Pharaoh with a manifest miracle]. (TA.) Az says that it is sometimes masc. because it has a masc. form; and thus it is in the last of the instances above. (TA.) ― -b4- Also A ruler, or governor, or the like; a king; a sovereign; (S, K, TA;) a khaleefeh: (TA:) these are its most common applications [in the writings of post-classical times]: (TA:) thus applied because the person so called is made to predominate; to have, or exercise, superior power or force; to have dominion, or the like: or because he is one of the evidences of God: (Aboo-Bekr, TA:) or because he possesses proof or evidence [of his right]: or because by him pleas and rights are established: (TA:) or because he enlightens the earth, (Msb, * B,) and is of great usefulness; (B;) the word being derived from saliyTN [signifying “ olive-oil ”]: (Msb:) it is of the measure fuEolaAnN: (S:) and when [thus] applied to a person, it is masc.: (Msb:) or it is masc. and fem.: (S, TA:) accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed, (TA,) fem. because it is [originally] pl. of saliyTN applied to “ oil; ” as though the kingdom shone by him; or because it has the signification of Huj~apN: and sometimes masc., because regarded as meaning a man; (K, TA;) or because regarded as a sing.: so says Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed; but Az observes that none beside him says this: Fr says that he who makes it masc. regards it as meaning rajulN; and he who makes it fem. regards it as meaning Huj~apN: (TA:) the pl. is salaATiynu. (S, Msb.) It is also, itself, sometimes used as a pl.; as in the phrase say~idu Als~uloTaAni, used by a poet, meaning say~idu Als~alaATiyna [The lord of kings]; i. e. the khaleefeh: [but this may be rendered the lord of sovereign power, &c.:] or, as some say, the latter word is here pl. of saliyTN, like as rugofaAnN is pl. of ragiyfN. (Msb.) , and siliTaAnapN, or siliT~aAnapN: see saliyTN. Strong, or hard; (M, K;) as also ↓ saliTN, (M,) or ↓ saloTN. (K.) You say, ↓ HaAfirN saliTN, (M,) or ↓ saloTN, (TA,) and saliyTN, (M, TA,) A strong, or hard, solid hoof. (M, TA.) And AlHaAfiri ↓ daAb~apN saliTapu A beast having a strong, or hard, hoof. (M.) And Alxuf~i ↓ baEiyrN saliTu A camel having a strong, or hard, foot. (M.) ― -b2- Sharp; applied to anything. (K.) You say also ↓ sanaAbiku saliTaAtN Sharp edges of the fore parts of hoofs. (S, TA.) ― -b3- Chaste in speech, or eloquent, (S, K,) and sharp in tongue: (S:) an epithet of praise when applied to the male, and of dispraise when [with p] applied to the female: (IDrd, K:) also, (K,) long-tongued; (M, K;) and so ↓ saliTN, (M,) or ↓ saloTN; (K;) fem. saliyTapN, and ↓ salaTaAnapN, (M, K,) and ↓ siliTaAnapN, (K,) or ↓ siliT~aAnapN; (M;) the last written [thus] with tesh-deed to the T in the Jm., and there explained as signifying long-tongued and clamorous: (TA:) or saliyTN signifies clamorous and foul-tongued; and so saliyTapN applied to a woman: (Msb:) or the latter, applied to a woman, clamorous: (S:) or long-tongued and vehemently clamorous: (Lth:) or saliyTapu All~isaAni is applied to a woman in two senses; signifying sharp-tongued; and long-tongued. (Az, TA.) You say also, lisaAnN saliyTN, (M, K,) and ↓ saliTN, (M,) or ↓ saloTN, (K,) A long tongue. (M, K.) -A2- Oil of olives; (S, M, Msb, K;) so applied by the generality of the Arabs: but by the people of El-Yemen applied to oil of sesame, or sesamum: (S, M:) IDrd, in the Jm, says the reverse; and IF has followed him; but what J says is right, as Sgh, has observed in the O: (TA:) also, (K,) or as some say, (M,) any oil expressed from grains or berries: (M, K:) pl. suloTaAnN. (Msb, K.) More, and most, overcoming, prevailing, predominating, or superior in power or force. (Har p. 661.) ― -b2- huwa A^asolaTuhumo lisaAnFA He is the most chaste, or eloquent, and the sharpest, [&c., (see an ex. voce siloqN,)] of them in tongue. (S.) slTH It (a thing) was, or became, long and wide. (AA, O and L in this art.: mentioned in the S in art. sTH.) ― -b2- It (a valley) became wide: (K:) accord. to IF, both the l and n are added to give intensiveness to the signification. (O.) ― -b3- He (a man) extended himself or became extended [app. on the ground]; syn. AinobasaTa: (L:) or he became thrown down upon his face: or he lay, or lay as though thrown down or extended: or he stretched himself; or lay, and stretched himself; upon his face, extended upon the ground: syn. AinoTabaHa: (O:) or he lay as though thrown down or extended, upon the back of his neck: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) or he (a man, L) fell upon his face: (L, K:) and upon his back. (L.) , (K,) or ↓ suloTuwHN, (O,) A smooth mountain: (O, K:) so says Ibn-'Abbád. (O.) , applied to a girl, or young woman. Broad. (K.) : see suloTuHN. wide. (Lth, T, O, K.) It is said of rain [as meaning Wide-spreading]. (O.) A wide open tract; (IDrd, O, K;) as also ↓ musolanoTiHN. (K.) : see what next precedes. slE , aor. , (S, Msb,) inf. n. saloEN, (S, TA,) He clave, or split, his head, [i. e., the skin thereof, (see saloEapN,)] (S, Msb, TA,) by striking it, with a staff, or stick. (TA.) -A2- saliEato, qadamahu, (S, K, *) aor. , inf. n. salaEN, (S, K,) His foot became chapped, or cracked, (S, K,) in its upper part and in its under, like zaliEato. (S, TA.) [See also 5.] ― -b2- salaEa jiloduhu biAln~aAri, [so in the L and TA, app. a mistranscription for saliEa,] inf. n. salaEN, His skin became burned by fire so that the mark thereof was seen upon it. (L, TA.) ― -b3- saliEa, aor. , inf. n. salaEN, He was, or became, affected with baraS [i. e. leprosy, particularly the white, malignant kind thereof]. (IDrd, K.) [inf. n. of sal~aEa as used in the phrase sl~E Albaqara, or viyraAna AlwaHo$i, (see musal~aEapN,)] signifies a practice which was observed in the Time of Ignorance, when the people were afflicted with drought, or barrenness of the earth; which was The hanging the [kind of tree, or plant, called] salaE, with the [species of swallow-wort called] Eu$ar, to wild bulls, and sending them down from the mountains, having kindled fire in the slE and E$r; seeking thereby to obtain rain: (K, TA:) or the loading the backs of those animals with the fire-wood of the slE and E$r, then kindling fire therein; seeking to obtain rain by the flame of the fire, which was likened to the gleaming of lightning. (TA.) [See also salaEN, where a meaning somewhat different from those above is indicated.]) He (a man, TA) had a [wound in the head, such as is termed] $aj~ap, (K, TA,) i. e., a saloEap: (TA:) or he had a [kind of ulcer in the belly, called] dubayolap. (TA.) His heel became chapped, or cracked. (Sgh, K.) [See also 1; and see 7.] It clave, or split, or slit, in an intrans. sense. (S, K.) [See also 1, and 5.] A chap, or crack, in the human foot: pl. suluwEN. (S, K.) ― -b2- See also the next paragraph, in two places. A cleft, or fissure, in a mountain, (Lh, IAar, Yaakoob, S, K,) having the form of a crack; (TA;) as also ↓ saloEN, (S, K,) accord. to some: (S, TA:) pl. [of either] A^asolaAEN (Yaakoob, S, K) and (of the latter, TA) suluwEN. (K.) -A2- Also A like, or fellow; (AA, L, K;) and so ↓ saloEN: (L, TA:) pl. A^asolaAEN. (IAar, L, K.) You say, h`*aA siloEu h`*aA This is the like of this. (TA.) And gulaAmaAni siloEaAni Two boys, or young men, that are fellows, or equals in age: and gilomaAnN A^asolaAEN. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) And A^aEoTaAhu A^asolaAEa A_ibilihi He gave him the likes, or fellows, of his camels. (L.) -A3- And the pl. A^asolaAEN signifies also The portions of flesh that cling to the nasayaAni [or two sciatic veins] of a mare when she is fat. (Sgh, K.) [originally inf. n. of saliEa, q. v.,] Marks left by fire upon the skin. (TA.) -A2- A certain kind of bitter tree; (S, K;) which, in the Time of Ignorance, was used in one or the other of the manners described above in the explanations of tasoliyEN; (K, TA;) or they used, in the case of drought, or barrenness of the earth, to hang somewhat of this tree and of the Eu$ar to the tails *unaAbaY [a sing. used as a pl.]) of [wild] bulls or cows, then to kindle fire therein, and make them to ascend upon the mountain; and thus, they assert, they used to obtain rain: (S, TA:) the author of the K says that J has made a mistake in saying *nAbY, in the above-cited passage; that he should have said A^a*onaAb; but others had made this remark before the author of the K; and 'Abd-El-Kádir Ibn-'Omar El-Baghdádee says that the mistake is to be imputed to these, and not to J, who has only used a sing. in the sense of a pl., like as Ald~ubura is used in the Kur [liv. 45], for AlA^adobaAra: (MF, TA:) AHn cites an Arab of the desert, of the saraAp, as saying that the slE grows near to a tree, and then clings to it, and climbs it, with long, green, leafless shoots, twining upon the branches and interweaving themselves, and having a fruit like bunches of grapes, which is small, and, when ripe, becomes black, and is eaten only by the monkeys, or apes, not by men, nor by the beasts that are left to pasture at their pleasure; and adding, I have not tasted it, but I think that it is bitter; and when it is broken, there flows from it a viscous fluid, clear, and having strings: such is the description of the man of the srAp: (TA:) or it is a certain poisonous plant, (K, TA,) not to be tasted, like zaroE [here meaning wheat or barley] when it first comes forth, scantily scattered in the ground, and having a small, yellow, prickly leaf, its prickles being downy; it is a herb, or leguminous plant, which spreads itself upon the surface of the ground, like [the plant called] raAHapu Alkalobi, having no root, and it is not improbable that the ostrich may feed upon it, notwithstanding its bitterness, for it sometimes feeds upon the colocynth: (Aboo-Ziyád, TA:) or it is a species of aloes: (K:) or a herb, or leguminous plant, (K, TA,) of those termed *ukuwr [that are hard and thick, or thick, and inclining to bitterness, or thick and rough], (TA,) of bad, or nauseous, or disgusting, taste: (K, TA:) so says Aboo-Nasr: (TA:) [Forskål found this name applied in El-Yemen to the sælanthus quadragonus: (Flora Ægypt. Arab., pp. cv. and 33:) and the cacalia sonchifolia: (Ibid., p. cxix.:) and the name of saE A^aboyaD, or salaE Albaqar, to the senecio hadiensis. (Ibid., pp. cxix. and 149.)] A wound by which the head is broken, syn. $aj~apN, (S, L, Mgh, Msb, K,) of whatever kind it be; as also ↓ salaEapN: or that [only] cleaves the skin: (K:) pl. salaEaAtN (Msb, K, [in the CK, erroneously, saloEaAtN,]) and silaAEN, and quasi-pl. n. [or coll. gen. n.] salaEN. (K.) ― -b2- See also what next follows. [A ganglion;] a thing like the gud~ap, that comes forth upon the body, or person; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ saloEapN, (K,) which is the form of the word now commonly known, (TA,) and ↓ salaEapN, (K,) and ↓ silaEapN: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) or an excrescence (S, Mgh, K) of flesh, (Mgh,) that arises in the body, (S, Mgh, K,) or a [kind of spontaneous swelling that comes forth upon the body, such as is termed] xuraAj, (Msb,) like the gud~ap, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) that moves about when moved, (S, Msb, K,) or moves to and fro between the skin and the flesh, (Mgh,) and varies from [the size of] a chick-pea to [that of] a melon; (S, K;) also termed DawaApN: (S:) the physicians say that it is a thick tumour, not adhering to the flesh, moving about when moved, having a cyst, or case which encloses it, and capable of increase, because it is extrinsic to the flesh, wherefore the doctors of practical law allow its being cut off, when it is safe to do so: (Msb:) or a xuraAj [vide suprà] in the neck: (K:) or a gud~ap in the neck: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) pl. silaEN. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A thing [i. e. a knob] that comes forth in a tree. (AHn, TA in art. blT.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] A leech; (K;) because it attaches itself to the body like the gud~ap: (TA:) pl. silaEN. (K.) -A2- A commodity; an article of merchandise; (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K; *) a thing with which one trafficks: (K:) pl. silaEN. (Msb, K.) : see saloEapN: ― -b2- and siloEapN. : see siloEapN. Nature, or disposition: so in the phrase A_in~ahu lakariymu Als~aliyEapi [Verily he is generous in respect of nature, or disposition]. (TA.) [But perhaps this may have originated from a mistranscription for saliyqapN.] The bitter aloe. (IAar, Sgh, K.) A man having the foot chapped, or cracked: pl. suloEN. (K.) ― -b2- A man having his skin burned by fire so that the mark thereof is seen upon it. (TA.) ― -b3- A man affected with baraS [i. e. leprosy, particularly the white, malignant kind thereof]. (Mgh, K.) ― -b4- And Humpbacked. (TA.) [A man having a wound in the head, such as is termed saloEap: (see 4; and see also masoluwEN:) or] having a [kind of ulcer in the belly, called] dubayolap. (TA.) A guide that directs aright: (Lth, K:) so called because he cleaves the desert. (TA.) A number of [wild] bulls or cows having some firewood of the salaE hung to their tails, [with Eu$ar, and then set on fire,] (S, * TA,) or having their backs laden therewith. (TA.) [See 2, and see also salaEN.] A man having [the skin of] his head cleft, or split; (Msb;) a man having [a saloEap, i. e.] a $aj~ap; as also ↓ munosaliEN. (TA.) [See also musoliEN.] ― -b2- Having a siloEap, i. e. [ganglion, or] thing like the gud~ap, &c. (K.) ― -b3- masoluwEapN The main part, or middle, of a road; the part of a road along which one travels; syn. maHaj~apN: (Ibn-'Abbád, L, K:) because it is cleft, or furrowed. (L.) : see masoluwEN. slg , and Al$~aApu, aor. , inf. n. suluwgN, The bovine animal, and the sheep or goat, shed the tooth [next] behind that called the sadiys; (S, K;) as also Salagat: (S:) this is in the sixth year; (S, K;) and suluwgN in cloven-hoofed animals is like buzuwlN in camels: for it is the furthest of their teeth [that they then shed]: (S:) or bred its [tooth called the] naAb: (K:) or attained its full fatness: (TA: [or more probably, I think, its full age; for I think that smnhA in the TA is a mistranscription for sn~hA: see A^asan~a:]) the epithet is ↓ saAligN and SaAligN, applied [to the male and] likewise to the female, without p: (S:) you say baqarapN saAligN and naEojapN saAligN: (Lth, K:) the young one of the baqarap in the first year being termed EijolN, then tabiyEo, (S, Sgh, K,) or, correctly, accord. to IB, in the first year EijolN and tabiyEN, (TA,) then ja*aEN, then vaniY~N, then rabaAEK, then sadiysN, then saAilgu sanapK and saAligu sanatayon i, and so on; and the young one of the $aAp in the first year being termed HamalN or jadoYN, then ja*aEN, then vaniY~N, then rabaAEK, then sadiysN, then saAligN: (S, Sgh, K:) and sul~agN is [the pl.,] applied to [bovine animals and] sheep or goats, like Sul~agN. (TA.) ― -b2- You say also, salaga AlHimaAru, meaning qariHa [i. e. The ass finished teething]. (TA.) : see the preceding paragraph. slf , (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, M, Msb,) or, accord. to some, , and accord. to IKtt, salafN and , (MF,) inf. n. safN, (S, K,) or suluwfN, (Msb,) [both app. correct,] It (a thing, K) [and also he (a man)] passed; passed away; (S, Msb, K;) came to an end, or to nought; or became cut off: (Msb:) and, (K,) inf. n. salofN, (M, MF, and so in copies of the K,) or safN, (so in the CK,) and suluwfN, (M, K,) he (a man, K) [and also it (a thing)] went before, or preceded; (M, K;) and so ↓ sAlf, said of a camel. (K.) In a verse cited voce salofa radaAdN is used by poetic license for salafa: but this kind of contraction is allowed by the Basrees only in verbs of which the medial radical letter is with kesr or damm, as in Ealoma for Ealima, and karoma for karuma. (M. [See saruEa.]) ― -b2- You say also, salafa lahu EamalN SaAliHN, meaning A good, or righteous, deed of his preceded [so as to prepare for him a future reward]. (TA.) ― -b3- And salafati Aln~aAqapu, inf. n. suluwfN, The she-camel was, or became, among the foremost of the camels in arriving at the water. (TA.) ― -b4- [Golius and Freytag mention also salafa as a trans. verb; the former explaining it as signifying “ Præteriit, præcessit, rem; ” and the latter adding “ tempore, ” and assigning to it the inf. ns. salofN and suluwfN; as on the authority of the K; in which I find no indication of such a usage of this verb.] -A2- salafa AlA^aroDa, (S, M, K;) aor. , inf. n. salofN; (S, M;) and ↓ AslfhA; (M, K;) He turned over the land for sowing: (M, K:) or (so in the K, but in the M “ and ”) he made it even with the misolafap [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- salafa AlmazaAdapa, inf. n. salofN, [in some copies of the K salaf,] He oiled, or greased, the mzAdp [or leathern water-bag]. (K.) signifies The making [a thing] to go before, or precede. (S, K.) ― -b2- And I. q. A_isolaAfN. (K.) See 4, in six places. ― -b3- And The giving to another the portion of food termed sulfap [q. v.]. (S.) You say, sl~f Alr~ajula, (S,) or Alqawoma, (M,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He gave to the man, (S,) or to the people or party, (M,) the portion of food so called; (S, M;) as also [sl~f lahu, or] sl~f lahumo. (M.) ― -b4- And The eating of the [portion of food termed] sulofap. (K.) [See also 5.] : see 1, first sentence. -A2- sAlfhu fiY AlA^aroDi, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) inf. n. musaAlafapN, (Ibn- 'Abbád, TA,) i. q. saAyarahu [i. e. He went, or kept pace, or ran, with him, or he vied, contended, or competed, with him in going or running, in the land; as though striving to be before him]. (Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) ― -b2- And sAlfhu He equalled him in an affair. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) He did it previously, or beforehand. (O and TA in art. zlf.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Aslf fiY, ka*aA, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. A_isolaAfN; (TA;) and fiyhi ↓ sl~f, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. tasoliyfN; (Msb, TA;) He paid in advance, or beforehand, for such a thing, (S, Mgh, TA,) i. e. a commodity described to him, (S,) or wheat or the like, for which the seller became responsible, [with something additional to the equivalent of the current price at the time of the payment, (see salafN,)] (TA,) to be delivered at a certain period: (S:) and A^asolama signifies the same. (TA.) You say, A^asolafotu A_ilayohi fiY ka*aA and A_ilayohi ↓ sal~afotu [I paid in advance to him for such a thing, &c.]. (Msb.) Hence the saying in a trad., fayusal~ifo ↓ mano sal~afa fiY kayolK maEoluwmK wawazonK maEoluwmK A_ilaY A^ajalK maEoluwmK i. e. He who pays in advance for a commodity for which the seller is responsible, let him pay in advance for a certain measure, and a certain weight, to be delivered at a certain period. (TA.) ― -b3- And Aslfhu maAlFA, (S, M, Mgh, TA,) and ↓ sl~fhu, (M, Mgh, TA,) He lent him property [to be repaid, or returned, without any profit]. (M, Mgh, TA. [See, again, salafN.]) [Whence one says, Aslfhu A_iHosaAnFA and sl~fhu, and ↓ sl~fhu, meaning (assumed tropical:) He did to him, to be requited it, a good action and an evil action; as is shown by the words maA A^asolafota mino A_isaA='apK A^awo A_iHosaAnK wamaA tuEoTiyhi lituqoDaAhu in art. qrD in the K, and by the corresponding words maA sal~afota mino A_iHosaAnK wamino A_isaA='apK in the same art. in the S: see also Bd in xxxvi. 11: and see zal~afahu. And hence,] a poet says, AljaAra $irobFA wahoYa HaAy^imapN ↓ tusal~ifu waAlmaA='u lazonN bakiYo'u AlEayoni muqotasamu (assumed tropical:) [They (referring to camels) yield promptly to the neighbour a draught of milk, while they are thirsty, and going round about the water, when the water is crowded upon, scanty in the source, divided by lot]. (TA. [See also some verses of El-Akra' Ibn-Mo'ádh, in which the former hemistich occurs with a different latter hemistich, in the Ham p. 753.]) -A2- See also 1, last sentence but one. He received payment in advance: and ↓ Astslf [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ Astlf] signifies [the same; or] he took, or received, what is termed salaf. (Msb.) ― -b2- [And hence,] tsl~f minohu He received from him a loan; syn. AiqotaraDa; as also ↓ Astlf. (A in art. qrD.) And tsl~f minohu ka*aA He received as a loan from him such a thing. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 10. ― -b4- And tsl~f He ate the [portion of food termed] sulofap. (MA.) [See also 2.] They two took as their wives two sisters. (M, K.) see 5, in two places. I sought, or demanded, of him money as a loan; as also ↓ tasal~afotu. (S, * TA.) Hence, Astslf mino A^aEoraAbiY~K bakorFA He sought, or demanded, as a loan, from an Arab of the desert, a [youthful he-camel such as is termed] bakor. (TA.) ― -b2- And Astslf vamanahu He sought, or demanded, its price in advance; syn. AisotaqoraDahu. (Har p. 530.) ― -b3- See also 5. -A2- [And Astslf He took as his wife the wife of his deceased brother: so in a version of the Bible, in Deut. xxv. 5: mentioned by Golius.] A [bag for travelling-provisions &c., such as is termed] jiraAb, (M, K,) of any sort: (M:) or a large jiraAb: (S, M, K:) [and the contr., i. e. a small one: (Freytag, from the Kitáb el-Addád:)] or a hide not well, or not thoroughly, tanned: (M, K, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^asolufN and [of mult.] suluwfN. (M, K.) [perhaps a mistranscription for sulafN, q. v.,] A certain species of bird, not particularized. (TA.) ― -b2- See also misolafN. ; and its fem., with p; and their duals: see salifN, in five places: -A2- and see salafN, last sentence. Such as have gone before, or preceded; (M, Msb; *) [i. e. the preceding generations;] as also ↓ saliyfN and ↓ sulofapN and ↓ saluwfN; all quasipl. ns.; (M;) of which the sing. is ↓ saAlifN: (M, Msb: *) or such as have gone before, or preceded, of a man's ancestors (S, K) and of his relations, (K,) that are above him in age and in excellence; [but this addition is not always agreeable with usage;] one of whom is termed ↓ saAlifN: (TA:) the pl. of salafN is A^asolaAfN and sul~aAfN, (S, K,) [the former a pl. of pauc. and the latter of mult.,] or the latter is pl. of ↓ saAlifN, and so is salafN [said to be, though this is more properly termed, as it is in the M, a quasi-pl. n.]: (IB, Msb, TA:) and, accord. to Zj, sulufN is pl. of ↓ saliyfN, and sulafN is pl. of ↓ sulofapN, which means a company (EuSobapN) that has passed away: (M:) or ↓ saAlifN and ↓ saliyfN signify the same; going before; preceding; syn. mutaqad~imN. (S.) [Accord. to Abu-lMahásin, Als~alafu is particularly applied to 'Áïsheh the wife of Mohammad, the three Khaleefehs Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar and 'Othmán, Talhah and Ez-Zubeyr, the Khaleefeh Mo'áwiyeh, and 'Amr Ibn-El-Ás. (De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 156.)] And Als~alafu AlS~aAliHu is applied to the first chief persons of the Tábi'ees. (TA.) And Als~alafu Almuqad~amu is an appellation of the prophet Mohammad. (Ham p. 780.) [Hence, ma*aAhibu Als~alafi The tenets of the early Muslims.] ― -b2- Also A people, or party, going before, or preceding, in journeying. (TA.) ― -b3- And [simply] A company of men; as in the saying, jaA='aniY salafN mina Aln~aAsi [A company of men came to me]. (M.) ― -b4- And Any good, or righteous, deed, that one has done beforehand [by way of preparing a future reward]: or any faraT [i. e. cause of reward, or recompense, in the world to come, such as a child dying in infancy], that [as it were] goes before one. (A 'Obeyd, O, K.) ― -b5- And i. q. salamN; (T, Hr, Mgh, O, K, TA;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T, TA:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment; and salamN also has this meaning: (TA:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S, O:) it is a subst. from AlA_isolaAfu. (Msb, * K, TA.) ― -b6- And A loan (qaroDN) in which is no profit (Hr, O, Mgh, K, TA) to the lender (Hr, O, K, TA) except recompense [in the world to come] and thanks, (TA,) and which it is incumbent on the recipient thereof to return as he received it: (Hr, O, K, TA:) thus the Arabs term it: (Hr, O, TA:) and in this sense also the word is a subst. from AlA_isolaAfu. (TA.) -A2- Also A stallion-camel. (IAar, M, TA.) -A3- Also, (M,) or ↓ sulofapN, (O, TA,) The prepuce of a boy; (M, O, TA;) so says Lth; (O, TA;) and ↓ salifN and ↓ silofN signify the same; for this is meant by Aljilodu as an explanation of Als~alifu and Als~ilofu in the K, in some copies of which Alxulodu is erroneously put for Aljilodu. (TA.) and ↓ silofN The husband of the sister of the wife of a man: (S, K:) and [the duals] salifaAni (M, TA) and ↓ silofaAni (M, K) signify the two husbands of two sisters: (M, K:) accord. to IAar, the epithet salifapN [or ↓ silofapN] is not applied to a woman; (M;) one only uses the term salifaAni applied to two men: (M:) or, (M, K,) accord. to Kr, salifataAni, (M,) or ↓ silofataAni, (K,) is applied to the two wives of two brothers: (M, K:) [in the present day, ↓ silofapN is used as meaning a woman's husband's sister, and her brother's wife:] the pl. applied to men is A^asolaAfN, (M, K, TA,) and that applied to women is salafN. (TA.) -A2- See also salaAy^ifu, last sentence. The young one of the Hajal [or partridge]: (S, M, K:) or, accord. to Kr, of the qaTaAp [n. un. of qaTFA, q. v.]: (M:) AA says that he had not heard sulafapN, applied to the female; but if one said sulafapN, like as one says sulakapN as meaning a single female of what are termed silokaAni, it would be approvable: (S:) the pl. is silofaAni (S, M, K) and sulofaAnN: (M, K:) some say that silofaAnN signifies a species of bird, not particularized. (M.) [See also sulaHN and sulakN.] : see salafN, first sentence, in two places. [Hence,] one says, jaAw^uwA sulofapF sulofapF, meaning They came [one before another; or, which is virtually the same,] one after, or near after, or at the heels of, another. (AZ, K.) ― -b2- Also A portion of food (S, M, TA) which a man takes betimes, (S,) or with which one contents, or satisfies, himself [so as to allay the craving of his stomach], (M,) before the [morning-meal called] gadaA='; (S, M, TA;) i. q. lumojapN (K, TA) and luhonapN: (TA:) or a luhonap that is supplied betimes for a guest, before the gadaA='. (TA.) ― -b3- And Als~ulofap also signifies That which a woman reposits, or prepares, or provides, [app. of food,] to present to her visiter. (M.) -A2- Also A piece, or portion, of land of seed-produce made even [with the misolafap, q. v.]: pl. sulafN. (Az, O, K.) -A3- And Thin skin (M, O, K) which is put as a lining to boots, (O, K,) sometimes red, and [sometimes] yellow. (O.) ― -b2- See also salafN, last sentence. ; and its dual: see salifN, in three places. Land in which are few trees. (AA, K.) -A2- [See also salafN.] (T, S, M, Mgh) and ↓ sulaAfapN (T, M, Mgh) The portion that flows before its being expressed, (S, Mgh,) of the juice of the grape; (S;) and this is the most excellent of wine: (Mgh:) or the first that is expressed, of wine: or the portion that flows without its being expressed: or the first that descends, thereof: (M:) or the clearest, or purest, and most excellent, of wine, such as flow from the grapes without their being pressed, and without steeping, or maceration; (T, TA;) and in like manner, such as flows from dates, (T, TA,) and from raisins, before water has been added to it (T, M, * TA) after the exuding of the first thereof; (T, TA:) or the latter signifies the first that is expressed, of anything: (M:) or it has this meaning also: and the former is a name for wine [absolutely]: (S:) or each has this meaning: (K:) or each signifies the clear, or pure, of wine, and of anything. (M.) ― -b2- sulaAfu AlEasokari: see saAlifN. : see salafN, first sentence. ― -b2- Also, applied to a she-camel, (S, M, K,) That is among the foremost of the camels when they come to the water: (S, K:) or that precedes the [other] camels to the watering-trough or tank: (M:) or that precedes, or leads, the other camels; opposed to EanuwdN. (El-Keysee, TA in art. End.) ― -b3- And A swift, or fleet, horse: (M, K:) pl. sulofN. (K.) ― -b4- And An arrow having a long head: (M:) or a long arrow-head. (K.) : see salafN, first sentence, in three places. -A2- Also A road, or way. (TA.) : see sulaAfN. Passing; passing away; coming to an end, or to nought; becoming cut off: (Msb:) and going before; preceding: (S:) pl. sul~aAfN and [quasi-pl. n.] salafN: (IB, Msb, TA:) see salafN, first sentence, in four places. [Hence,] AlA^umamu Als~aAlifapu The peoples going before, or preceding, [or that have gone, or passed away, before,] those remaining, or continuing: (K, * TA:) pl. sawaAlifu. (TA.) One says, kaAna *`lika fiY AlA^umami Als~aAlifapi waAlquruwni Als~awaAlifi [That was in the time of the preceding peoples, and the preceding generations]: the pl. in this instance being used because every portion of the qrwn is termed saAlifapN. (TA.) [Hence also,] AlEasokari sul~aAfN, in the K, by implication, AlEskr ↓ sulaAfu, the former word like guraAb, whereas it is correctly like rum~aAn, The van of the army, as expl. in the K. (TA.) [fem. of saAlifN, q. v. ― -b2- And hence, as a subst.,] The side of the fore part of the neck, from the place of suspension of the ear-ring to the hollow (qalot [in the CK erroneously qalob]) of the collar-bone: (S, K:) or the upper, or uppermost, part of the neck: (M:) or the side of the neck, (M, Mgh, TA,) from the place of suspension of the ear-ring to the HaAqinap [here meaning the pit of the collar-bone]: pl. sawaAlifu. (M.) In the saying A_in~ahaA lawaD~aAHapu Als~awaAlifi [Verily she is fair in respect of the saAlifap], mentioned by Lh, the term sAlfp is made applicable to every part thereof, and then the pl. is used accordingly. (M.) It is said in a trad. respecting [the covenant at] El-Hodeybiyeh, laA^uqaAtilan~ahumo Hat~aY tanofarida saAlifatiY i. e. [I will assuredly fight with them, or combat them,] until the side of my neck shall become separate from what is next to it: an allusion to death. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence, i. e.] by the application of the name of the place to that which occupies the place, (assumed tropical:) The locks of hair that are made to hang down upon the cheek [or rather upon the side of the fore part of the neck]: said by MF to be metonymical, or tropical. (TA.) ― -b4- Also The fore part of the neck of a horse (K, TA) &c.: so in the O and L. (TA.) Between them two is SihorN [i. e. affinity, app. by their having married to sisters: see salifN]. (O, K.) , (S, M, O, L,) thus in some copies of the K, as in the S &c., but in other copies of the K, erroneously, ↓ sulofN, (TA,) A woman that has attained the age of five and forty years, (S, M, O, K,) and the like: (S, M, O:) or i. q. naSafN [i. e. middle-aged, or forty-five years old, or fifty years old]: (M:) an epithet specially applied to a female. (S, O.) A poet says, wakaAEibN wamusolifu fiyhi valaAvN kaAld~umaY [Among them three females like the images of ivory, or of marble, &c., and one with swelling breasts, and one of middle age, &c.]. (S, M: in the O with A_ilaY in the place of fiyhaA.) An instrument with which land is made even, (S, M, O, K, TA,) of stone: A 'Obeyd says, I think it is a stone made round [or cylindrical, i. e. a stone roller,] which is rolled upon the land to make it even. (TA.) [In the present day, applied to A harrow.] , occurring in a trad., The ground of Paradise is made even: (As, T, S, O, TA:) said by As to be of the dial. of El-Yemen and Et-Táïf: accord. to IAth, smooth and soft. (TA.) slq , (S, K,) [aor. ,] inf. n. saloqN, (TK,) He prostrated him on the back of his neck; (K;) or threw him down on his back; (S;) as also ↓ saloqaAhu, inf. n. siloqaA='N. (S, K.) You say, TaEanotuhu fasalaqotuhu and ↓ saloqayotuhu, i. e. [I thrust him, or pierced him, and] threw him down on his back. (S.) And salaqaniY liHulaAwapi AlqafaA and EalaY qafaAYa ↓ saloqaAniY He threw me down on my back: and so with S; but more commonly with s. (TA, from a trad.) And salaqahu AlT~abiybu EalaY Zahorihi The physician extended him on his back. (TA.) And salaqahaA, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He threw her down on the back of her neck [or on her back] for the purpose of compressing her; namely, his wife: (Msb:) or he spread her, and then compressed her; (S, K;) as also ↓ saloqaAhaA; (S;) namely, a girl, or young woman. (K.) ― -b2- He thrust him, or pierced him, (K, TA,) with a spear; (TK;) and pushed him, or repelled him; and dashed himself, or his body, against him; (TA;) and ↓ saloqaAhu signifies the same; (K, TA;) inf. n. siloqaA='N: (TA:) [and he struck him, or smote him; for the inf. n.] saloqN signifies the act of striking, or smiting. (TA.) [Hence,] salaqahu biAlkalaAmi, (S, K,) aor. , (TA,) inf. n. saloqN, (S, TA,) (tropical:) He hurt him, or displeased him, with speech; (S, K, TA;) spoke strongly, or severely, to him; (S, TA;) made him to hear that which he disliked, or hated, and did so much: (TA:) and salaqahu bilisaAnihi (assumed tropical:) he said to him that which he dislike, or hated. (Msb.) saquwkumo biA^alosinapK HidaAdK, in the Kur xxxiii. 19, means (tropical:) They hurt you, or displease you, (Fr, Jel, TA,) by what they say, or bite you, (Fr, TA,) or are extravagant, or vehement, in speech to you, (AO, S, TA,) or smite you, (Bd, Jel,) with sharp tongues: (Fr, Bd, TA:) saloqN signifying the act of assaulting, and smiting, with force, with the hand, or arm, or (assumed tropical:) with the tongue: (Bd:) and the verb is also with S; but this is not allowable in the reading [of the Kur]. (TA.) ― -b3- You say also, salaqati AlA^aqodaAmu waAlHawaAfiru AlT~ariyqa, (TK,) inf. n. saloqN, (K,) The feet of men, and the hoofs of horses or the like, marked, or made marks upon, the road. (K, TK.) ― -b4- And salaqahu He flayed him with a whip. (K.) ― -b5- He galled it; namely, the back of his camel. (TA.) ― -b6- He (a beast) abraded the inner side of his (the rider's) thigh. (TA.) ― -b7- He peeled it off; namely, the flesh from the bone (Eani AlEaZomi); syn. AilotaHaAhu; (O, K, TA;) he removed it therefrom. (TA.) ― -b8- He removed its hair, (Msb, K,) and its fur, (K,) with hot water, (Msb, K,) leaving the traces thereof remaining; (K;) aor. , inf. n. saloqN. (Msb.) ― -b9- He boiled it with fire: (K:) or he boiled it slightly: inf. n. as above. (TA.) You say, salaqotu Albaqolu I boiled the herbs, or leguminous plants, with fire, slightly: (S:) or I boiled them with water merely: thus heard by Az from the Arabs: (Msb:) and in like manner, eggs, (S, Msb,) in their shells: so says Az. (Msb.) You say also, salaqotu $ayoy^FA biAlmaA='i AlHaAr~i [I cooked a thing with hot water]. (Lth, TA.) And suliqa is said of anything as meaning It was [boiled, i. e.] cooked with hot water (TA.) ― -b10- salaqa Albarodu Aln~abaAta The cold nipped, shrunk, shrivelled, or blasted, the herbage, or plants; syn. A^aHoraqahu [q. v.]. (K.) ― -b11- salaqa AlmazaAdapa, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He oiled, or greased, the leathern water-bag: (S, K:) and in like manner, AlA^adiyma [the hide, or tanned hide]. (TA.) And salaqa AlbaEiyra (K, TA) biAlhinaA='i (TA) He smeared the camel all over with tar: (K, TA:) from Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) -A2- salaqa AljuwaAliqa, aor. , (TA,) inf. n. saloqN, (S, TA,) He inserted one of the two loops of the [sack called] jwAlq into the other: (S, TA:) or salaqa AlEuwda fiY AlEurowapi he inserted the stick into the loop [of the jwAlq]; as also ↓ Aslqhu: (K:) accord. to AHeyth, saloqN signifies the inserting the [stick called] $iZaAZ at once into the two loops of the [two sacks called] juwaAliqaAni when they are put and bound upon the camel. (TA. [See also qaTaba AljuwaAliqa.]) -A3- salaqa AlHaAy^iTa: see 5. -A4- suliqato A^afowaAhunaA mino A^akoli waraqi Al$~ajari Our mouths broke out with pimples, or small pustules, from the eating of the leaves of trees. (TA. [See sulaAqN.]) -A5- Alit~aY suliqa EalayohaA ↓ h`*ihi saliyqatuhu and suiqahaA [This is his nature, to which he was constitutionally adapted or disposed]: said by Sb. (TA.) -A6- salaqa, [intrans., aor. ,] (S, K,) inf. n. saloqN, (TA,) He called out, cried out, or shouted; or did so vehemently; or with his utmost force: (S, K:) a dial. var. of Salaqa: (S:) he raised the voice: (Ibn-El-Mubárak, TA:) or he raised his voice on the occasion of the death of a man, or on the occasion of a calamity: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) accord. to IDrd, the meaning [of the inf. n.] is a woman's slapping and scratching her face: but the first explanation is more correct. (TA.) ― -b2- Also He ran. (K.) You say salaqa saloqapF He ran a run. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) , said of a man, His camel's back became white after the healing of galls. (TA.) -A2- And He hunted, snared, or trapped, a she-wolf, (IAar. K,) which is called siloqap. (IAar.) -A3- See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. see Q. Q. 3. ― -b2- tsl~q EalaY firaA$ihi (IAar, K, TA) ZahorFA libaTonK (IAar, TA) He was, or became, restless, agitated, or in a state of commotion, upon his bed, by reason of anxiety or pain: (IAar, K, TA:) but Az says that the verb known in this sense is with S. (TA.) -A2- tsl~q AljidaAra, (S, K,) or AlHaAy^iTa; and ↓ salaqahu, inf. n. saloqN; (TA; [comp. the Chald. 165;]) He ascended, climbed, or scaled, the wall: (S, K, TA:) or tasal~uqN signifies the ascending a smooth wall: or it is like the tasal~uq of the Messiah to Heaven. (TA.) [app. signifies It was, or became, affected with what is termed sulaAq; said of the tongue: and in like manner said of the eye: or,] said of the tongue, it was, or became, affected with an excoriation: and AinosilaAqN in the eye is a redness incident thereto. (TA.) &c.: see 1, in five places. , of the measure AifoEanolaY, (S,) He lay, or slept, (naAma,) on his back; (Seer, S, O, K;) like AisotaloqaY [which belongs to art. lqY]; (O, K;) as also ↓ tsl~q. (TA.) The mark, or scar, of a gall, or sore, on the back of a camel, when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white; (K;) [like saHoqN;] as also ↓ salaqN. (S, K.) ― -b2- And The mark made by the [plaited thong called] nisoE upon the side of the camel, (K, TA,) or upon his belly, from which the fur becomes worn off; (TA;) and so ↓ saliyqapN: (S, K: *) salaAy^iqu [is pl. of ↓ the latter word, and] signifies the marks made by the feet of men and by the hoofs of horses or the like upon the road: (K, TA:) and to these the marks made by the [plaited thongs called] A^anosaAE upon the belly of the camel are likened. (TA.) [Bete; and particularly red garden-bete: so called in the present day; and also called $awanodar and sawanodar and banojar:] a certain plant, (S, Msb,) or herb (baqolapN), (K,) that is eaten, (S,) well known; (Msb, K;) i. q. jgndr [or Jugunoduro, whence the vulgar name $awanodar, and hence sawanodar]; so says ISh; i. e. in Pers.; in some of the MSS. jlndr [a mistranscription for JuGunoduro]; a plant having long leaves, and a root penetrating [deeply] into the earth, the leaves of which are tender, and are cooked: (TA:) it clears [the skin], acts as a dissolvent, and as a lenitive, and as an aperient, or a deobstruent; exhilarates, and is good for the niqoris [i. e. gout, or podagra,] and the joints: its expressed juice, when poured upon wine, converts it into vinegar after two hours; and when poured upon vinegar, converts it into wine after four hours; and the expressed juice of its root, used as an errhine, is an antidote to toothache and earache and hemicrania. (K.) [See also Hum~aADN, and kuronubN.] siloqu AlmaA='i and siloqu Albar~i, also, are the names of Two plants. (K.) -A2- Also The he-wolf: (S, Msb, K:) and ↓ siloqapN the she-wolf: (S, K:) or the latter signifies thus; but siloqN is not applied to the he-wolf: (K:) the pl. of siloqapN is suloqaAnN and siloqaAnN: (JM, TA;) or these are pls. of siloqN; and the pl. of siloqapN is silaqN and siloqN, (K,) or [rather] this last is a coll. gen. n. of which siloqapN is the n. un. (Sb.) Hence the prov., ↓ A^asolaTu mino siloqapK (JK, Meyd) i. e. More clamorous than a she-wolf: or it may mean more overpowering. (Meyd.) ― -b2- And hence, (TA,) ↓ siloqapN is applied to a woman as meaning (tropical:) Clamorous; or long-tongued and vehemently clamorous, (S, K, TA,) foul, evil, or lewd; (K, TA;) likened to the she-wolf in respect of her bad qualities: (TA:) pl. suloqaAnN and siloqaAnN. (K.) ― -b3- ↓ siloqapN also signifies A female lizard of the kind called Dab~, (JK,) or a female locust, (TA,) when she has laid her eggs. (JK, TA.) -A3- Also A water-course, or channel in which water flows, (K, TA,) between two tracts of elevated, or elevated and rugged, ground: or, accord. to As, an even, depressed tract of ground: (TA:) pl. suloqaAnN (K) and A^asolaAqN and A^asaAliqu, which (i. e. the second and third of these pls.) are also said to be pls. of salaqN [q. v.]. (TA.) An even plain: (S:) or a smooth, even, tract, of good soil: (O, K: [a meaning erroneously assigned in the CK to saloqapN:] or a depressed, even, plain, in which are no trees: (ISh:) or a low tract, or portion, of land, that produces herbage: (JK:) pl. [of mult.] suloqaAnN (S, O, K) and siloqaAnN (K) and [of pauc.] A^asolaAqN, (JK, O, K,) and A^asaAliqu is also a pl. of salaqN, or of its pl. A^asolaAqN, as is likewise A^asaAliyqu: (TA:) ↓ samolaqN, also, with an augmentative m, signifies the same, and its pl. is samaAliqu: (S:) or the pl. suloqaAnN signifies meadows (riyaAD) in the higher parts of [tracts such as are termed] biraAq [pl. of buroqapN] and qifaAf [pl. of quf~N]. (Az, TA in art. rwD.) ― -b2- See also saloqN. : see siloqN, in four places. A certain mode of compressing, upon the back. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) [See 1.] Pimples, or small pustules, that comes forth upon the root of the tongue: or a scaling in the roots of the teeth: (S, K:) sometimes it is in beasts (dawaAb~). (TA.) ― -b2- And A thickness, or roughness, in the eyelids, by reason of a corrosive matter which causes them to become red and occasions the falling off of the eyelashes and then the ulceration of the edges of the eyelids: (K:) thus slAq of the eye is expl. in the “ Kánoon. ” (TA.) What fall off [app. of the leaves] (S, K) from trees, (S,) or from shrubs, or small trees; (K;) or from trees which the cold has nipped, or blasted: or, accord. to As, trees which heat, or cold, has nipped, or blasted: (TA:) pl. suloqN. (K.) ― -b2- And What has dried up of [the plant called] $iboriq, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) and become parched by the sun. (Ibn-'Abbád.) -A2- Also Honey which the bees build up (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) along the length of their hive, or habitation: (K:) or, accord. to the T, ↓ saliyqapN signifies a certain thing which the bees fabricate in their hive, or habitation, lengthwise: (TA:) pl. suloqN. (K.) -A3- Also The side of a road. (K.) The two sides of the road are called saliyqaA AlT~ariyqi. (Ibn- 'Abbád, O.) What is cooked with hot water (maA suliqa), of herbs, or leguminous plants, and the like: (K:) or, accord. to Az, what is cooked (maA Tubixa) with water, of the herbs, or leguminous plants, of the [season called] rabiyE, and eaten in times of famine: pl. salaAy^iqu, which occurs in a trad., and, as some relate it, with S. (TA.) ― -b2- And Millet (*urapN) bruised, (IAar, IDrd, Z, K,) and dressed, (IAar, IDrd, K,) by being cooked with milk: (IAar:) or A^aqiT [a preparation of dried curd] with which are mixed [plants called] TaraAvyv. (K.) -A2- Accord. to Lth, (TA,) The place where the [plaited thong called] nisoE comes forth [from the ropes that form the breast-girth], (O, K, TA,) in the side of the camel: said by him to be derived from the phrase salaqotu $ayoy^FA biAlmaA='i AlHaAr~i; because it is [as though it were] burnt by the ropes: or, accord. to another explanation, its pl., salaAy^iqu, signifies the strips of flesh between the two sides. (TA.) ― -b2- See also saloqN, in two places. -A3- And see saliyqN. -A4- And The nature, or natural disposition or constitution, (AZ, IAar, S, K,) of a man. (IAar, S.) See 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph. One says, A_in~ahu lakariymu Als~aliyqapi Verily he is generous in respect of nature. (AZ.) [See also saliyqiy~apN.] [applied in the present day to A greyhound, and any hunting-dog;] a sort of dog: (MA:) and a sort of coat of mail: (TA:) ↓ saluwqiy~apN [as a coll. n.] is applied to certain coats of mail: (S, K: *) and to certain dogs: so called in relation to saluwqu, [said by Freytag to be written in the K saluwqp, but it is there said to be like Sabuwr,] a town in El-Yemen; (S, MA, K; *) or a town, or district, in the border of Armenia, (K,) called All~aAn [or laAn]: (TA:) or the coats of mail are so called in relation to the former slwq; (so in a copy of the S;) and the dogs, in relation to saluwq which is the city of All~aAn [or laAn]: (S, TA: *) or both are so called in relation to salaqiy~apu, a town in the Greek Empire, (IDrd as on the authority of As, and K,) said by ElMes'oodee to have been on the shore of [the province of] Antioch, remains of which still exist; (TA;) and if so, it is a rel. n. altered from its proper form. (K, TA.) ― -b2- [It is also said in the TA to signify A sword: but a verse there cited, after Th, as an ex. of it in this sense, is mistranscribed, and casts doubt upon the orthography of the word, and upon this explanation.] [Natural, or untaught, speech;] speech whereof the desinential syntax is not much attended to, but which is chaste and eloquent in respect of what has been heard, though often tripping, or stumbling, in respect of grammar: (Lth, L, TA:) or the speech which the dweller in the desert utters according to his nature and his proper dialect, though his other speech be nobler and better. (L, TA.) And ↓ saliyqiy~apN [in like manner, the p being affixed to the epithet saliyqiY~N to convert it into a subst.,] signifies The dialect in which the speaker thereof proceeds loosely, or freely, according to his nature, without paying much attention to desinential syntax, and without avoiding incorrectness. (O, TA.) You say, ↓ fulaAnN yatakal~amu biAls~aliyqiy~api, meaning Such a one speaks according to his nature, not from having learned. (S, K.) And ↓ fulaAnN yaqoraA^u biAls~aliyqiy~api Such a one reads, or recites, according to the natural condition in which he has grown up, not as having been taught. (TA.) : see saluwqiY~N. -A2- Also The sitting-place of the rub~aAn [or captain] of a ship. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) : see saliyqiY~N, in three places. : see misolaqN, in two places. A certain festival of the Christians; (K;) that of the Ascension of Jesus into Heaven: (TK:) derived from salaqa AlHaAy^iTa [expl. above (see 5)]: said by IDrd to be a foreign word (A^aEojamaY~N), and in one place said by him to be Syriac, arabicized. (TA.) A woman raising her voice, on the occasion of a calamity, (K, TA,) or on the occasion of the death of any one: (TA:) or slapping her face: (K, TA:) thus says Ibn-El-Mubárak: but the former explanation is the more correct: it occurs in a trad., in which such is said to have been cursed by the Prophet; and, as some relate it, with S. (TA.) : see salaqN: and see also art. smlq. Quick, or swift; a fem. epithet; (Ibn- 'Abbád, O, K;) applied to a she-camel: (Ibn- 'Abbád, O:) in the Tekmileh, saliyqN, which is a mistake: in the L, a she-camel having a penetrative energy in her pace. (TA.) What is next to the lahawAt [app. here a pl. used as a sing., meaning the uvula] of the mouth, internally: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or the upper parts of the interior of the mouth: (TA:) or the upper parts of the mouth, (M, TA,) those to which the tongue rises: thus applied, it is a pl. having no sing. (TA.) and ↓ misolaAqN and ↓ sal~aAqN (tropical:) An eloquent speaker or orator or preacher: (S, K, TA:) because of the vehemence of his voice and his speech. (S, TA.) And lisaAnN misolaqN and ↓ sal~aAqN (tropical:) A sharp, cutting, or eloquent, tongue. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. , meaning A skinned fowl cooked [i. e. boiled] with water, by itself, [and also any boiled meat, is agreeable with a classical usage of the verb from which it is derived, but] is [said to be a vulgar term. (TA.) slk , (IAar, MA, Msb,) or AlmakaAna, (K,) aor. , (Msb, TA,) inf. n. suluwkN (MA, Msb, K) and salokN, (K, [but I doubt this latter's being correctly used as an inf. n. of the verb in the sense here immediately following,]) He travelled, (MA,) or went along in, (Msb,) the road, (IAar, MA, Msb,) or the place: (K:) or salaka AlmakaAna he entered into the place. (TK.) [In these and similar instances, it seems that the prep. fiY is suppressed, and the noun therefore put in the accus. case, as in daxala Albayota &c.: for it is said that] salaka as meaning He entered (daxala) is intrans.: (Kull p. 206:) ↓ Anslk [likewise] has this meaning: (S:) ↓ Aslk as an intrans. verb [in the sense of salaka] is extr. (Msb.) [salaka TariyqFA is also often used tropically, as meaning (tropical:) He pursued a course of conduct or the like.] -A2- And salakahu AlT~ariyqa, (IAar, Msb,) or AlmakaAna, and fiyhi, (K,) [inf. n. salokN;] and A_iy~aAhu ↓ Aslkhu, (Msb, K,) this also is allowable, (IAar, TA,) and fiyhi, and Ealayohi; (K;) He made him [to travel or] to go along in [or to enter] the road, (IAar, * Msb,) or the place: (K:) and so salaka bihi AlT~ariyqa: (Msb:) and ↓ sl~khu, inf. n. tasoliykN, signifies the same as [salakahu thus used, and] Aslkhu. (TA.) And slakatu Al$~aYo'a fiY Al$~aYo'i, (S, Msb,) inf. n. salokN, (S,) I made the thing to enter, or I inserted it, or introduced it, into the thing: (S:) or I made the thing to go, or pass, through the thing: (Msb:) and ↓ A^asolakotuhu signifies the same. (S. [See an ex. of the latter verb in a verse of 'Abd-Menáf Ibn-Riba El-Hudhalee, voce A_i*aA; cited there and here also in the S.]) You say, salaka AlxayoTa fiY AlA_iborapi He inserted the thread into the needle. (MA.) And salaka yadahu fiY Aljayobi He inserted [his hand, or arm, into the opening at the neck and bosom of the shirt]; as also ↓ A^asolakahaA: (K:) and so into the skin for milk or water, and the like. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [xxvi. 200], ka*`lika salakonaAhu fiY quluwbi Almujorimiyna Thus we have caused it to enter [into the hearts of the sinners]. (S.) And in the same [xxxix. 22], fasalakahu yanaAbiyEa fiY AlA^aroDi [And hath caused it to enter into springs in the earth]. (TA.) see 1. ― -b2- [In the present day, sl~k signifies He cleared a passage or way. And He cleaned out a pipe for smoking. -A2- And, from silokN, He wound thread upon a reel or into a skein.] see 1, in four places. see 1, second sentence. Thread, or string, (S, Mgh, K,) with which one sews: (K:) or upon which beads are strung; (Ham p. 42;) [but] not having beads upon it; for if it have, it is termed simoTN: (S and Mgh in art. smT:) [in the present day it signifies wire:] a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.] of which the sing. [or n. un.] is ↓ silokapN: the pl. [of pauc.] of silokN is A^asolaAkN and [of mult.] suluwkN. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, h`*aA kalaAmN raqiyqu Als~iloki (tropical:) This is speech, or language, [subtile; or] abstruse in its course, or tenour; i. e. ↓ xafiY~u Almasolaki. (TA.) ― -b3- And maA A^anota bimunojaridi Als~iloki, (AZ, TA in art. jrd,) or bimutajar~idi Als~iloki, (so in a copy of the A in that art.,) said to one who is shy, or bashful, (assumed tropical:) meaning [Thou art] not free from shyness in appearing [before others]: (AZ, TA in that art.:) or (tropical:) thou art not celebrated, or well-known. (A and TA in that art.) -A2- Also The first of what is emitted by the she-camel [from her udder], before the libaA^ [or biestings]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) The young one of the Hajal [or partridge]; (S, K;) like sulaHN: (S in art. slH:) or of the bird called qaTFA: (K:) fem. sulakapN, (S, K,) and ↓ silokaAnapN, but the latter is rare: (K:) pl. silokaAnN, (S, K,) like SirodaAnN pl. of SuradN (S) [and siloHaAnN pl. of sulaHN]. : see silokN. [A thrust, or piercing thrust,] directed right towards the face. (S, K.) And A^arN sulokaY [An affair] rightly directed; (K, TA;) and so raA^oYN [an opinion]: (TA:) or the former, [an affair] following one uniform course. (ISk, TA.) ― -b2- In the saying of Keys Ibn-'Eyzárah, gadaApa tanaAdawoA vum~a qaAmuwA faA^ajomaEuwA biqatoliYa sulokaY layosa fiyhaA tanaAzuEu he means [In the morning when they congregated, then arose and determined upon my slaughter] with a strong resolution in respect of which there was no contention. (TA.) , like jabaruwtN [in measure], A certain bird. (K.) : see sulakN. [A place of passage of a man or beast and of anything;] a way, road, or path: pl. masaAliku. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] masolakaA AlmaroA^api [The vagina and rectum of the woman]. (M in art. fyD. [See A^afaADa AlmaroA^apa in that art.]) ― -b3- [Hence, also,] one says, xu*o fiY masaAliki AlHaq~i (tropical:) [Enter thou upon the ways of truth]. (TA.) ― -b4- See also silokN. A border (Tur~ap) slit from the side of a garment, or piece of cloth: (K:) so called because extended, like the silok. (TA.) Slender, or lean, (IDrd, K, TA,) in body; applied to a man and to a horse. (IDrd, TA.) And musal~akN Al*~akari Sharp in the head of the penis: and so musamolakN Al*~akari. (AA, TA.) slm , [aor. ,] inf. n. salaAmapN (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and salaAmN (A, TA) and salamN and salomN and silomN, (Bd in xxxix. 30,) He was, or became, safe, or secure; or he escaped; (M, TA;) or he was, or became, free; (TA;) mina AlA=faAti [from evils of any kind], (S, Mgh,) or mina AlA=fapi [from evil of any kind], (K,) or mina AlbalaA='i [from trial, or affliction], (A, TA,) or mina AlA^amori [from the affair]: (M:) he (a traveller) was, or became, safe, secure, or free, from evils of any kind: (Msb:) and salima mina AlEayobi he was, or became, free from fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; syn. bariy^a. (Msb in art. brA^.) [Hence,] one says, laA bi*iY tasolamu maA kaAna Ga*aA waka*aA, (ISk, S, K, *) meaning No, by God [or Him] who maketh thee to be in safety, (ISk, S, K,) [such and such things were not;] and to two persons lA b*Y tasolamaAni, and to a pl. number lA b*Y tasolamuwna, and to a female lA b*Y tasolamiyna, and to a pl. number [of females] lA b*Y tasolamona. (ISk, S, K. *) And laA A^afoEalu *`lika bi*iY tasolamu, meaning, bi*iY salaAmatiki [i. e. I will not do that, by the Author (lit. Lord or Master) of thy safety]; and in like manner, b*Y tasolamaAni, and b*Y tasolamuwna. (Sb, M. [See also *w.]) And Ai*ohabo bi*iY tasolamu, i. e. Ai*ohabo bisalaAmatika [Go thou with thy safety; or, with the Author of thy safety to protect thee; meaning go thou in safety]; and [to two persons] Ai*ohabaA bi*iY tasolamaAni. (S, K.) *Y is thus prefixed to a verb [as virtually governing it in the gen. case] like as A=yap is in an instance mentioned under this latter word; but these are two extr. instances; for only a noun significant of time is [regularly] prefixed to a verb, as in the phrase h`*aA yawomu yufoEalu, meaning yufoEalu fiyhi: (Akh, S:) it is not prefixed to any but this verb tasolamu [and its variations as above mentioned]. (Sb, M, K.) ― -b2- And hence, (Mgh,) one says also, salimato lahu AlD~ayoEapu, meaning [The landed estate] was, or became, free from participation to him; syn. xalaSat. (Mgh, TA.) -A2- slmhu, [app. salamahu, or perhaps salimahu, for some verbs of this measure are trans., as Hasiba and wariva,] inf. n. slm, [app. salamN, q. v. infrà,] He made him a captive. (TA.) -A3- salamatohu AlHay~apu, (TA,) inf. n. salomN, (M, K, TA,) The serpent bit him: (M, * K, * TA:) mentioned by Az, but he adds that no one but Lth has said this. (TA.) -A4- salama Aljiloda, aor. , (S, K,) inf. n. salomN, (TA,) He tanned the skin with [qaraZ, i. e. leaves of] the salam [or mimosa flava]. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- salama Ald~alowa, (M, K,) aor. , inf. n. salomN, (M,) He finished making the leathern bucket; and made it firm, strong, or sound, or made it firmly, strongly, or soundly. (M, K.) , (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. tasoliymN, (K,) He (God) made him to be safe, secure, or free; saved, secured, or freed, him; (M, Msb, TA;) mina AlA=faAti [from evils of any kind], (S, Msb,) or mina AlA=fapi [from evil of any kind], (K,) or mina AlA^amori [from the affair]. (M.) [Freytag assigns the same meaning to ↓ Aslmhu also, as on the authority of the Ham; in which I find no explanation of this verb except one which will be found later in this paragraph.] ― -b2- [Hence,] Alt~asoliymu is also syn. with Als~alaAmu, (S, K, TA,) as meaning The saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his safety, or security, or freedom, from evils of any kind in his religion and in his person; and the interpretation thereof is [the expressing a desire for] Alt~axoliySN; (Mbr, TA;) or the saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his life; or, by saying salaAmN Ealayoka [q. v. infrà, voce salaAmN]; syn. Alt~aHiy~apu. (TA.) You say, sal~ama Ealayohi [meaning He so saluted, or greeted, him]. (M, Msb.) [This, when said of God, virtually means sal~amahu, i. e. He saved him; and should be rendered agreeably with this explanation in the phrase commonly used after the mention of the Prophet, Sal~aY A@ll~`hu Ealayohi wasal~ama May God bless and save him. You say also, sal~ama Ealayohi biAlxilaAfapi He saluted him with the acknowledgment of his being Khaleefeh; saying, salaAmN Ealayoka yaA A^amiyra Almuw^ominiyna Salutation to thee, or peace be on thee, &c., O Prince of the Faithful.] Alt~asoliymapu signifies The salutation that is pronounced on finishing every two rek'ahs in prayer: (Har p. 180:) [and also that which is pronounced after the last rek'ah of each of the prayers (i. e. after the sunneh prayers and the fard alike), addressed to the two guardian and recording angels: (see my “ Modern Egyptians, ” ch. iii., p. 78 of the 5th ed.:) and sal~ama means He pronounced either of those salutations.] ― -b3- [Hence also,] sl~m A_ilayohi Al$~aYo'a, (S, K, *) inf. n. as above; (K;) and ↓ Aslm Alyh Al$Y'a; (M;) He gave to him the thing; (S, * M, K;) or delivered it to him: (M:) [he resigned it to him:] and sl~m A_ilayohi AlwadiyEapa, (Mgh,) or sl~m AlwadiyEapa liSaAHibihaA, He delivered the deposit [to him, or] to its owner: (Msb:) and ↓ Aslm Alv~awoba A_ilaY Alxay~aATi (Mgh) signifies the same as sl~mhu A_ilayohi [i. e. He delivered the garment, or piece of cloth, to the tailor]. (Har p. 166.) ― -b4- See also 4, in two places. ― -b5- You say also, sl~m AlA^ajiyru nafosahu lilomusotaA^ojiri The hired man gave himself up, or gave authority over himself, to the hirer. (Msb.) And ↓ A^asolamotuhu and sal~amotuhu I left him in the power of him who desired to kill him or to wound him. (Ham p. 115.) And lilohalakapi ↓ Aslmhu [He gave him up to destruction]: in this case with [the prep.] l only. (Har p. 166.) And Alr~ajula ↓ Aslm, (S, * M, Msb, *) or AlEaduw~a, (K,) He left, forsook, or deserted, (M, K,) the man, (S, * M, Msb, *) or the enemy; (K;) or abstained from aiding, or assisting, him; (S, M, Msb, K;) and threw him into destruction. (IAth, TA.) And limaA bihi ↓ Aslmhu He left him [to that bane which was in him: app. referring to the bite of a serpent, or any evil affection: see saliymN, third sentence]. (S, * M.) ― -b6- And sl~m A^amorahu A_ilaY A@ll~`hi and ↓ Aslmhu, both meaning the same, (S, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. He committed his case to God. (TA.) ― -b7- And sl~m Ald~aEowaY He acknowledged the truth [or justice] of the claim, demand, or suit; [he conceded its truth or justice;] from sl~m AlwadiyEapa liSaAHibihaA, expl. above; denoting an ideal delivering [or yielding of a thing to another person]. (Msb.) [Hence one says, sl~m A^an~ahu ka*aA He conceded that it was thus.] ― -b8- And Alt~asoliymu signifies also [The assenting, or] the giving [one's] approval (S, K, TA) unreservedly, (S,) to that which is ordained, or decreed, (S, K, TA,) by God; and the submitting to his commands; and the abstaining from offering opposition in the case in which it is not becoming [to do so]. (TA.) You say, sl~m liA^amori A@ll~`hi He assented to the command of God: [or he gave his approval to it:] or he submitted to it; as also ↓ Aslm. (MA.) , (M, Msb,) inf. n. musaAlamapN (S, M, Msb) and silaAmN, (M, Msb,) He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: [implying mutual concession, or a compromise:] (S, * M, Msb:) and saAlamaA They made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, or they reconciled themselves, each with the other. (K.) see 2, in nine places. [The first of the meanings there assigned to this verb is, in my opinion, more than doubtful. In all its senses, it seems to be properly trans.: when it is used as an intrans. verb, an objective complement is app. understood. Thus,] A^asolama is syn. with A^asolafa [as meaning He paid in advance, or beforehand]; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) Alv~amana [the price] being suppressed, though sometimes it is expressed; (Mgh;) as also ↓ sl~m; (M;) and ↓ tsl~m, as occurring in a trad., where it is said, mano tasal~ama fiY $aYo'K falaA yaSorifuhu A_ilaY gayorihi [Whoso pays in advance for a thing, he shall not turn it over, or transfer it, to another than him]; but Kt says that he had not heard this verb thus used except in this instance. (TA.) So the first of these verbs signifies in the saying, Aslm fiY AlT~aEaAmi (S) or fY Albur~i (Mgh) [He paid in advance for the wheat], and fY Al$~aYo'i [for the thing], as also ↓ sl~m. (M.) And hence the saying, A_i*aA A^asolama SuwfFA fiY libodK A^awo $aEarFA fiY misoHK lamo yajuzo [If he give in advance wool for felt, or goats' hair for a garment, or piece, of haircloth, it will not be allowable]. (Mgh.) And so in the phrase, A^asolamotu A_ilayohi [I paid in advance to him]. (Msb.) ― -b2- Also [He resigned, or submitted, himself; nafosahu being understood: or] he was, or became, resigned, or submissive; (M, K;) and so ↓ Astslm: (S, M, Msb, K:) you say, Aslm lil~`hi [He resigned, or submitted, himself, or he was, or became, resigned, or submissive, to God: see also an ex. (before referred to) in the last sentence of the second paragraph: or he was, or became, sincere in his religion, or without hypocrisy, towards God: see musolimN]: (Msb:) [or] Aslm signifies he entered into Als~ilom, (S, Msb,) which here means AlAisotisolaAm [i. e. the state of resignation, or submission]. (S.) ― -b3- And He became a Muslim; as also ↓ tsl~m; (M, * K;) as in the saying, kaAna kaAfirFA vum~a tasal~ama, i. e. A^asolama [He was an unbeliever, or a denier of the unity of God, &c.; then he became a Muslim]: (M:) or he entered [the pale, or communion, of] the religion of AlA_isolaAm. (S, * Msb.) AlA_isolaAmu as a principle of the law of God is The manifesting of humility or submission, and outward conforming with the law of God, and the taking upon oneself to do or to say as the Prophet has done or said: for this, the blood is to be spared, and one may demand the repelling of evil: (T, * M:) and if there is therewith firm belief with the heart, it is A_iymaAnN: (T:) this is the doctrine of Esh-Sháfi'ee; but the doctrine of Aboo-Haneefeh makes no difference between these two terms: (KT:) [agreeably with the former doctrine,] Th well and briefly says, AlAslAm is with the tongue, and AlAymAn is with the heart: and he says, in explaining verse 48 of ch. v. of the Kur, that every prophet has been sent with AlAslAm, though the ordinances differ. (M.) ― -b4- One says also, A^asolamotu Eanohu, meaning I left it [app. an affair, as in an explanation in the TK,] after I had been [engaged] in it. (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) And Aslm occurs intransitively in the saying, kaAna raAEiYa ganamK vum~a A^asolama, meaning [He was a pastor of sheep, or goats; then] he left them. (M.) ― -b5- [Freytag assigns to Aslm another signification “ Adscendere fecit (vid. a sul~am), ” as from the Ham, p. 39: but this is app. a mistake, into which he has been led by a saying, there cited, of Zuheyr, which I read thus: hawiY~a Ald~alowi A^asolamahaA Alr~i$aA='u (meaning, The descent, or as the descent, of the bucket that the well-rope has let go): and by its being there said that “ you should not prefer any reading of hwY to that with damm, though it has been said otherwise: ” whereas the correct reading is, in my opinion, hawiY~, agreeably with what here follows:] Er-Riyáshee says, on the authority of AZ, that AlhawiY~u, with fet-h, is downwards; and with damm, upwards; and he cites the saying above as an ex. of the word as meaning downwards. (TA in art. hwY.) He asserted, or declared, himself to be free from, or clear of, or quit of, it, or him. (M.) ― -b2- tsl~m is also syn. with A^usolama, in two senses: see the latter, in two places. -A2- And tsl~mhu signifies He took it, or received it; namely, a thing given, or delivered. (S, M, Msb, K.) , (M,) and tsAlmA, (K,) inf. n. tasaAlumN, (S,) They, (M,) or they two, (K,) made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, (S, * M, K,) one with another, (S, M,) or each with the other. (S, K.) [See also 8.] ― -b2- One says of a man, (M,) of a great, or frequent, liar, (TA,) laA tasaAlamu xayolaAhu, [for tatasaAlamu,] (M,) or laA yatasaAlamu xayolaAhu, (K, TA,) [(assumed tropical:) His two troops of horses will not agree in pace, each with the other;] meaning (tropical:) [his assertions will not be found to agree together; or] he will not say what is true, so that it may be accepted from him: for tasaAlamato, said of horses, means (assumed tropical:) they kept pace, one with another; (tasaAyarato [q. v.];) not exciting one another. (M, K, TA.) He became at peace, or reconciled. (TA.) Hence the saying, (TA,) huwa laA yasotalamu EalaY saxaTihi He will not become at peace, or reconciled, during his displeasure at a thing. (K, TA.) [See also 6.] ― -b2- Astlm Alz~aroEu The seed-produce put forth its ears. (K.) -A2- Astlm AlHajara He touched, (S, K,) or reached, (Mgh,) the stone, [meaning the Black Stone of the Kaabeh,] by kissing, or with the hand: (S, Mgh, K:) or he wiped it, or stroked it, with the hand: (Mgh:) or he kissed the stone: or he embraced it: (M:) and AisotaloA^amahu signifies the same; (M, K;) but is not the original: (M:) accord. to ISk, the Arabs pronounced it with hemz, contr. to analogy; (Msb;) or it should not be pronounced with hemz, though some thus pronounce it, (S,) the original being Astlm, (ISk, Msb,) because it is from silaAmN [pl. of salimapN] signifying “ stones, ” (ISk, S, * M, Msb, * [in the Mgh, from salimapN signifying “ a stone, ” and in the Msb the pl. of salimapN is said to be salaAmN, like kalaAmN,]) accord. to Sb, who says that it does not denote the act of taking; (M;) or, accord. to Sb, it is from Als~alaAmu, with fet-h, meaning “ salutation, ” and it means the touching with the hand by way of salutation in order to obtain a blessing thereby: (TA:) but accord. to IAar, the original is with hemz, from AlmulaA='amapu, meaning AlAijotimaAEu [“ the coming together, ” &c., because denoting contact]. (Msb.) Abu-t-Tufeyl is related to have said, raA^ayotu rasuwla A@ll~`hi Sal~aY A@ll~`hu Ealayohi wasal~ama yaTuwfu EalaY raAHilatihi yasotalimu bimiHojanihi wayuqab~ilu AlmiHojana [i. e. I saw the Apostle of God (may God bless and save him) circuiting around the Kaabeh, upon his camel, touching the Black Stone with his hooked staff, and kissing the hooked staff]. (TA.) The primary signification of AlAisotilaAmu is [said to be] The wiping, or stroking, the salimap, i. e. the stone: afterwards it was used in relation to other things, and one said Aisotalamotu yadahaA, meaning I stroked, or kissed, her hand. (Har pp. 30 and 31.) ― -b2- Astlm Alxuf~u qadamayohi means The boot rendered his feet soft [after he had been accustomed to walking barefoot]. (TA.) see 4, in the former half of the paragraph. -A2- Astslm vakama AlT~ariyqi He went upon the middle of the road, not missing it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, after wAsotasolama AnqAda, for wvakama AlT~ariyqi, meaning wAstslm vakama AlT~ariyqi, is erroneously put wtasal~ama AlT~ariyqa, assigning to tsl~m a meaning belonging to Astslm.]) [from musolimN] He named, or called, himself a Muslim; or he named himself Muslim; his name having before been Mohammad: (M, K:) mentioned by Er-Ru-ásee. (M.) : see the next paragraph, in six places. -A2- Also A leathern bucket (dalowN) having one Eurowap [or loop-shaped handle], (T, S, M, K,) with which the waterer walks, like the buckets (dilaA=') of the attendants of the camels or other beasts upon which water is drawn or which carry water, (T, TA,) or like the dalow of the water-carriers: (S, K:) expl. in the S as above as on the authority of AA; but IB says that the correct explanation is, having one Earoquwap [or stick fixed across from one part of the brim to the to the opposite part, serving as a handle as well as to keep it from collapsing]: (TA:) of the masc. gender [whereas dalowN is fem.]: (M:) pl. [of pauc.] A^asolumN and [of mult.] silaAmN, (M, K,) and Lh mentions as its pl. A^asaAlimu, which is extr. [unless as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of A^asolumN]. (M.) Peace, or reconciliation; as also ↓ salomN; (S, M, Msb, K;) masc. and fem.; (S, Msb, K; *) and ↓ salamN and ↓ salaAmN are like silomN [in signification]: (M: [the context there shows that the signification mentioned above is what is meant in this instance:]) or silomN signifies the making peace, or becoming at peace or reconciled, with another or others; (Ham p. 80;) as also ↓ salomN; and both are sometimes fem. as being syn. with muSaAlaHapN. (L voce janaHa, q. v.) In the saying of El-Aashà, A^a*aAqatohumu AlHarobu A^anofaAsahaA ↓ waqado tukorahu AlHarobu baEoda Als~ilimo [War made them, or has made them, to taste its draughts, and verily war is disliked after peace], he has transferred the vowel of the m to the l, in pausing; or it may be that he has inserted a kesreh in imitation of the preceding kesreh: it is not an instance like A_ibil, in the opinion of Sb; for in his opinion the latter is the only instance of its kind. (M.) It is said in a trad., respecting El-Hodeybiyeh, A^axa*a vamaAniyna mino A^aholi mak~apa silomFA, or ↓ salomFA, or ↓ salamFA, accord. to different relations, meaning [He took forty of the people of Mekkeh] peaceably: thus expl. by El-Homeydee, in his “ Ghareeb. ” (TA. [See also salamN below.]) ― -b2- Also i. q. ↓ salaAmN, (S, K, TA,) as signifying Selfresignation, or submission; (TA; [and thus the latter is expl. in one place in the S;]) which is also a signification of ↓ salamN: (S, M, K, TA:) and this is meant in the Kur [iv. 96], where it is said, lasota muw^ominFA ↓ walaA taquwluwA limano A^aloqaY A_ilayokumu A@ls~alaAma, (Bd, TA,) or ↓ Als~alama, as some read, (Bd,) [i. e. And say not ye to him who offers to you submission, Thou art not a believer:] or ↓ Als~alaAma here means the salutation of AlA_isolaAm [by saying salaAmN Ealayokumo]: (Bd, TA: *) or salutation, and submission by uttering the profession of AlA_isolaAm; and so ↓ Als~alama: (Jel:) [or the latter here means, simply, salutation; and this is app. what is meant by its being said that] Als~alamu is the subst. from Alt~asoliymu; (K;) [but accord. to SM,] this means the unreserved approval of what is decreed; and this is said to be meant by the reading Als~alama mentioned above. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence] Als~ilomu signifies also AlA_isolaAmu [as meaning The religion of the Muslims; because it is a religion of self-resignation, or submission]: (S, K:) this is meant in the Kur [ii. 204], where it is said, AudoxuluwA fiY Als~ilomi kaAf~apF [Enter ye into the religion of El-Islám wholly]; (S, Bd, Jel;) and so ↓ Als~alomi, as some there read; (Bd, Jel;) or both there mean submission and obedience to God: (Bd:) [and] ↓ Als~alamu [also] has the former meaning. (M.) -A2- Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ salomN, (M,) A man, (S, K, TA,) [and] a woman, (M,) who makes peace, or is at peace, with another; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a company of men (qawomN). (M.) This is said to be meant in the Kur [xxxix. 30], where it is said, warajolFA silomFA lirajulK, as some read, i. e. And a man who is at peace with respect to a man: (TA:) or silomFA and ↓ salomFA and ↓ salamFA, three different readings, in the place of [the more common reading] saAlimFA, are all inf. ns. of salima, used as epithets [syn. with saAlimFA], or *aA is suppressed before them. (Bd.) You say, A^anaA silomN limano saAlamaniY [I am one who is at peace with respect to him who is at peace with me]. (S, TA.) And a poet says, [using this word in two different senses, the latter of which has been mentioned above,] liA^aholiki faA@qobaliY silomiY A^anaAy^ilu A_in~aniY silomN [O Náïleh, (naAy^ilu being for naAy^ilapN, a woman's name, apocopated,) verily I am one who is at peace with respect to thy family, therefore accept thou my submission]. (TA. [It seems to be there indicated by the context that slmY here means my peace, or reconciliation; which is less appropriate than the meaning that I have assigned to it.]) : see salaAmN: and see also silomN, in seven places. ― -b2- Also, in buying or selling, (Msb,) the subst. from A^asolama fiY Al$~aYo'i and sal~ama signifying A^asolafa, (M,) i. q. salafN; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T and TA in art. slf:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment: (TA in that art.:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S and O in that art., in explanation of salafN:) but it is said in a trad. that the term salamN as meaning salafN was disliked; app. because the former is applied to obedience, and self-resignation, or submission, to God. (TA.) -A2- And The making [one] captive. (K. [See 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.]) -A3- And A captive; (K;) because he submits himself. (TA.) One says, A^axa*ahu salamFA, (M, TA, [in the TK biAls~alami,]) He took him [a captive], (TA,) or made him captive, (M,) without war: (M, TA:) or he brought him in a state of submission, not resisting; and so, if wounded: (IAar, M, TA:) and thus El-Khattábee has expl. the phrase in the trad. respecting El-Hodeybiyeh cited above, voce silomN. (TA.) -A4- Also A sort of tree, (S, M, Msb, K,) [the mimosa flava of Forskål, who writes its Arabic name in Italic characters syllæm, and in Arabic characters slym, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxxiii.,)] a species (M) of the [kind of thorny trees called] EiDaAh, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, TA, [not gaDaAp, as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,]) the leaves whereof are the qaraZ, with which skin is tanned: (TA:) AHn says, its branches are long, like rods; and it has no wood such as is used in carpentry, even if it grows large: it has slender, long thorns, grievous when they wound the foot of a man; and a yellow [fruit such as is termed] baramap [n. un. of baramN, see this word, and see also HubolapN,] which is the sweetest of the baram in odour; and they tan with its leaves: and it is said, on the authority of the Arabs of the desert, that it has a yellow flower, containing a green grain (Hab~ap xaDoraA=' [or this may mean a grain of a dark, or an ashy, dustcolour]), of sweet odour, in which is somewhat of bitterness, and of which the gazelles are very fond: (M:) the n. un. is with p: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and pl. A^asolaAmN, (M,) and silaAmN is said by IB to be pl. of the n. un., like as A_ikaAmN is of A^akamapN. (TA.) [Hence,] *aAtu A^asolaAmK A land (A^aroD) that gives growth to the [trees called] salam. (K.) See also slamaAn. Stones; (S, M;) as also ↓ silaAmN: (M:) and ↓ salimapN [as n. un. of the former and sing. of the latter, (incorrectly written by Freytag, in one place, salamapN, and incorrectly said by him to be of the dial. of the people of Himyer,)] signifies a stone: (S, M, Mgh, Msb:) [or] the pl. [or quasipl. n.] of salimapN in this sense is ↓ salaAmN, like kalaAmN in measure: (Msb:) or ↓ salimapN signifies stones; (K;) or hard stones; (TA;) and ↓ silaAmN is its pl.: (K:) [said to be] so called because of their freedom (slaAmap) from softness: (TA:) or this last signifies stones, the small thereof and the large; and they assign to it no sing.: (ISh, TA:) or slAm [probably meaning ↓ salaAmN] is a quasi-pl. n.: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) and it is also said to be a name for any broad stone. (TA.) See also salamaAn. A poet says, (namely, Bujeyr Ibn- 'Anameh, IB, TA,) yaromiY waraAy^iY biA@mosahoki waA@mosahomi waA@mosalimaho [He casts from behind me (i. e. defends me) with the arrow and the stone]: this [usage of Am for Al] is of the dial. of [Teiyi and] Himyer. (S, TA.) for Als~ilomo: see silomN, second sentence. : see salimN, in two places: and salamaAn. -A2- Also A woman soft, or tender, in the A^aToraAf [or fingers, or other extremities]. (K.) ― -b2- And An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. sd.) A certain plant (K, TA) which becomes green in the [season called] Sayof [app. here meaning spring]. (TA.) ― -b2- A^abuw salomaY The [species of lizard called] wazag: (K:) or, some say, [as is said in the M,] ↓ A^abuw salomaAna. (TA.) ― -b3- See also the next paragraph. ― -b4- [In the CK, by a mistranscription, a meaning belonging to sulaAmaY is assigned to salomaY.] , accord. to Aboo-Mis-hal, as meaning The earth, occurs in the prov., A^anofN qiY AlmaA='i waA@sotN fiY Als~alomaA='i [A nose in the water and a rump on the earth]: and if this be correct, it may be derived from slAm [i. e. silaAmN] meaning “ stones: ” and it may be originally ↓ Als~alomaY, and lengthened for the sake of the rhyme. (Ham p. 214.) [But the reading commonly known is, A^anofN fiY Als~alomaA='i waA@sotN fiY AlmaA='i.] He is the special, or particular, friend of his [another's] house; one who mixes with him much: from the saying of the Prophet, salomaAnu min~aA A^aholi Albayoti [Selmán is of us, the people of the house]; referring to Selmán El-Fárisee. (Har p. 472.) ― -b2- A^abuw salomaAna: see salomaY. ― -b3- Also A species of the [black beetles called] jiEolaAn [pl. of juEalN, q. v.]: (M:) or i. q. juEalN, (IAar, K,) or A^abuw jaEoraAn, with fet-h [app. a mistake for kesr] to the j: (Kr, TA:) or the largest of the jiEolaAn: or a certain insect like the juEal, having a pair of wings: (TA:) or the male of the [black beetles called] xanaAfis [pl. of xunofasaA='u, q. v.]. (IAar, TA in art. frD.) or salimaAn, accord. to different readings, occurs in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar, in which it is said, kaAna yuSal~iY Einoda salamaAnK fiY Tariyqi mak~apa [He used to pray at certain selem-trees, or certain stones, in the road of Mekkeh]: each may be a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.]; the former, of ↓ salamapN, the “ tree so called; ” the latter, of ↓ salimapN, “ stones ” [or a “ stone: ” but both of these explanations are strange]. (TA.) , (S, K, TA,) in its primary acceptation, (TA,) is syn. with ↓ salaAmapN, (S, K, TA,) as is also ↓ salamN, (S, [so in one of my copies, but omitted in the other copy,]) and signifies Safety, security, immunity, or freedom, from faults, defects, imperfections, blemishes, or vices, (S, * [mentioned in one only of my two copies, and there as relating peculiarly to the third word,] K, [in which it ostensibly relates peculiarly to the first word, but in the CK, by the omission of a w before it, it is made to relate only to the second word,] and TA, [accord. to which it relates to the first and second words, as it is well known to do,]) and from evils of any kind: (TA:) or [simply] safety, security, immunity, or freedom; as also ↓ salaAmapN: (Sb, M:) IKt says that these two words may be dial. vars. [syn. each with the other]; or the former may be pl. of the latter [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un.]: (M, TA:) and Suh says, in the R, that most of the lexicologists hold them to have one [and the same] meaning: but that if they considered the language of the Arabs, and the distinction, or limitation, denoted by the p, they would see that between them is a great difference [inasmuch as the former has a large range of meaning which the latter has not, as will be seen from what follows]. (TA.) salaAmN Ealayokumo is an announcement of the continuance of salaAmap [or safety, &c.]: (Bd in xiii. 24:) [it may therefore be rendered Safety, &c., be, or light and abide, on you; or, generally, peace be, or light and abide, on you; for] it means nothing disliked, or evil, shall befall you henceforth: (Bd in xvi. 34:) and salaAmN Ealayoka [may be rendered in like manner; for it virtually] means I will not do to thee anything that is disliked, or evil; (Bd and Jel in xix. 48;) nor say to thee henceforward what would annoy thee, or be disagreeable, or evil, to thee. (Bd ibid.) It may also be [rendered May safety, &c., or peace, be, or light and abide, on you; as] a prayer for salaAmap, to those to whom it is addressed, from the state in which they are at the time. (Bd in xxviii. 55.) [It is generally held that this salutation may not be used by, nor to, any but a Muslim.] In the beginning of an epistle, the approved practice is to write salaAmN Ealayoka, without the article Al; and in repeating it, at the end, to write it with that article. (Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 72 of the Arabic text. [In the latter case, the general practice in the present day is to write simply waAls~alaAm, suppressing Ealayoka.]) In saluting the dead, one puts Ealayoka first, saying, Ealayoka salaAmu A@ll~`hi. (Ham p. 367.) You also say, maA kaAna ka*aA waka*aA ↓ laA bisalaAmatika [No, by thy safety, such and such things were not]. (S.) Als~ulaAmu is also a name of God, (S, M, Msb, K,) [applied to Him in the Kur lix. 23, accord. to some for *uw Als~alaAmi, i. e. *uw Als~alaAmapi,] because of his safety, or freedom, from defect, and imperfection, and cessation of existence; (IKt, M, TA;) or from variations, and as being the everlasting, who brings the creation to nought and will not come to nought; or, accord. to Suh in the R, He is so named [as being the Author of Safety, Security, &c.; i. e.] because He has rendered all his creatures safe, or free, from defectiveness, or unsoundness, and mankind and the jinn, or genii, from the betiding of injustice, or wrong, to them, from Him; and the expositors who assert that He is thus named because of his safety, or freedom, from imperfections, and evils of any kind, utter an unseemly saying, making salaAmN to be syn. with ↓ saAlimN, which latter applies only to him who is liable to evil of any kind, and who expects it, and then becomes safe, or free, from it. (TA.) daAru Als~alaAmi is an appellation of Paradise, (M, K,) [applied thereto in the Kur vi. 127 and x. 26,] as being the abode of everlasting safety, or security; (Zj, M, TA;) the abode of safety, or security, from evils of any kind, from death and decrepitude and diseases [&c.]: (TA:) or as being the abode of God. (M, TA.) ― -b2- See also silomN, in four places. ― -b3- [As is there stated,] it signifies also Salutation, or greeting; (M, TA;) particularly the salutation of AlA_isolaAm [by saying salaAmN Ealayoka or salaAmN Ealayokumo, expl. above]; (Bd in iv. 96;) a subst. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) from sal~ama Ealayohi, (Msb,) [i. e.] from Alt~usoliymu, (S, Mgh, TA,) like kalaAmN from Alt~akoliymu. (Mgh. [See 2, third sentence.]) ― -b4- In the saying in the Kur [xxv. 64], waA_i*aA xaATabahumu A@lojaAhiluwna qaAluwA salaAmFA [And when the ignorant speak to them, they say, salaAmFA], this last word signifies tasal~umFA, (Sb, M,) or tasal~umFA minokumo [for natasal~amu minokumo tasal~umFA We declare ourselves to be clear, or quit, of you], and mutaArakahF lalumo [for nutaArikukumo mutaArakapF we relinquish you], (Bd,) [and means] there shall be neither good nor evil between us (Sb, M, Bd) and you: it is not the slAm that is used in salutation; for the verse was revealed at Mekkeh, and the Muslims had not then been commanded to salute the believers in a plurality of gods: (Sb, M:) [in iv. 88 of the Kur, which was promulgated afterwards, at ElMedeeneh, is a general command to return a salutation with a better or with the same; but the Sunneh prescribes that the salutation of salaAmN Ealayoka or salaAmN Ealayokumo when addressed to a Muslim by one not a Muslim is to be returned only by saying waEalayoka or waEalayokumo:] or the meaning in xxv. 64 is, they say a right saying, in which they are secure from harming and sinning. (Bd.) Sb asserts that Aboo-Rabee'ah used to say, A_i*aA laqiyta fulaAnFA faqulo salaAmFA, meaning tasal~umFA [for A^atasal~amu minoka tasal~umFA, i. e. When thou meetest such a one, say, I declare myself to be clear, or quit, of thee]: and he says that some of them said salaAmN, meaning The case of me and thee is the [case of] being clear, or quit, each of the other; and the [case of] mutual relinquishing. (M.) [It is usual, in the present day, to say, AifoEalo ka*aA waAls~alaAm, meaning Do thou such a thing, and there will be an end of altercation between us.] -A2- See also saliymN. -A3- Also A kind of trees; (S, M, Msb, K;) they assert that they are evergreen; nothing eats them; but the gazelles keep to them, and protect themselves by their shade, but do not hide among them; and they are not great trees, nor of the kind called EiDaAh: (AHn, M:) they are also called ↓ silaAmN; (K;) or this is pl. of salamapN [n. un. of salamN], which is of another kind; like as A_ikaAmN is pl. of A^akamapN: (IB, TA:) n. un. with p. (S, M.) Als~alaAmu Ealayoka was said to an Arab of the desert; and he replied, AljavojaAvu Ealayoka: and being asked, “ What is this reply? ” he answered, “ They are two bitter trees: thou hast put upon me one, so I have put upon thee the other. ” (K.) -A4- See also salimN, in two places. : see salimN, in two places: -A2- and the paragraph here next preceding, last sentence but two. i. q. ↓ saAlimN, (S, M, K,) which means Safe, secure, or free, (Msb,) from evils of any kind; (K, Msb, TA;) applied to a man: (M:) pl. sulamaA='u; (M, K, TA;) in some copies of the K salomaY, like jaroHaY pl. of jariyHN; (TA;) [but this is probably its pl. only when it is used in the sense of jariyHN or the like, as seems to be the case from what follows.] Also, (M,) applied to a heart: (S, M:) biqalobK saliymK, in the Kur xxvi. 89, means With a heart free from unbelief: (M, TA:) or, divested of corruptness, or unsoundness: (Er-Rághib, TA:) in the Kur xxxvii. 82, some say that it means with a grieving, or sorrowful, heart; from saliymN in the sense here next following. (Bd.) ― -b2- Also i. q. ladiygN [meaning Bitten by a serpent]; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ salaAmN (S, K) and ↓ masoluwmN: (K:) app., (S,) as implying a good omen, of safety; (S, M;) or because the person is left (musolamN) to that [bane] which is in him: (IAar, S, * M:) and sometimes it is metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:) wounded: (M:) or it means wounded, at the point of death, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) pl. salomaY. (M, and Ham p. 214.) -A2- Also, (M, K,) of a horse, (M,) The part, of the hoof, that is between the A^a$oEar [or hair, or extremity of the skin, next the hoof], (M, TA,) or that is between the A^amoEar [q. v.], (K,) but the former is the right, (TA,) and the interior of the hoof. (M, K, TA.) [the most usual inf. n. of salima]: see salaAmN, in three places. -A2- Also n. un. of salaAmN applied to a kind of trees [described above]. (S, K.) , a noun of the fem. gender, (Msb,) A certain bone that is in the firosin [q. v., here meaning foot] of the camel: (S, K:) this is said by A'Obeyd to be the primary signification: (S:) or the sulaAmaY of the camel are the bones of the furosin [or foot]: (M:) [for] sulaAmaY is used alike as sing. and pl., and sometimes it has also a pl., (S,) which is sulaAmayaAtN: (S, M, K:) or it is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], of which the sing. [or n. un.] is sulaAmayapN, signifying the A^anomalap [q. v.] of [any of] the fingers: (IAth, TA:) [but this is a strange explanation:] it is said that the last parts in which mux~ [here meaning marrow or pulp and the like] remains in a camel when he has become emaciated are the sulaAmaY and eye; and when it has gone from these, he has none remaining: (S:) the pl. sulaAmayaAtN, (S, TA,) or sulaAmaY, (M, Msb,) also signifies the bones of the A^aSaAbiE, (S, M,) so says Kh, and Zj adds that they are also called the qaSab, (Msb,) of the hand and of the foot; (M;) [i. e., of the fingers and of the toes; and this seems to be the most common meaning, in relation to a human being; namely, the phalanges of the fingers and of the toes;] that are between every two joints [and what are beyond the extreme joints] of the A^aSaAbiE: accord. to Lth, the slAmY are the bones of the A^aSaAbiE [or fingers and toes] and the A^a$aAjiE and the A^akaAriE, and are hard and compact bones like kiEaAb [pl. of kaEobN]: (TA: [see the words that I have here left untranslated, for the senses in which they are here used are doubtful:]) accord. to IAar, (M,) certain small bones, of the length of the A_iSobaE [or finger], (M, K,) or nearly so, (M,) or less, (K,) of which there are four, or three, (M,) [or app., five, for the meaning here seems to be the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, to which the terms sulaAmaY and sulaAmayaAtN are sometimes applied, (see A^a$ojaEu and mu$oZN,)] in the hand and in the foot, (K,) [i. e.] in each hand and foot: (M:) Ktr says that the slAmyAt are the Euruwq [app. a mistake for EiZaAm i. e. bones] of the outer side of the hand and foot: (Msb:) slAmY is also said to signify any small hollow bone: and any bone of a human being: and ISh says that in every horse are six slAmyAt [app. in the fore legs and the same in the hind legs; for he seems to mean that the term slAmY is applied to each of the pasternbones and to the coffin-bone; these three corresponding to the phalanges of a human being: see faS~N]: (TA:) it is not allowable to write slAmY otherwise than with what is termed the short alif. (MF, TA.) -A2- sulaAmaY, (M, K,) like suk~aAraY, (K, TA, [in the CK like sakor`Y, which is shown to be wrong by a verse cited in the M and TA,]) signifies also The [south, or southerly, wind called] januwb. (M, K.) A kind of tree, (S, M, K,) growing in soft, or plain, tracts: (M:) AZ says, it is like the A^alaA=', which is a tree resembling the myrtle, which changes not in the midst of summer, and which has a produce resembling the head [or ear] of millet (*urap), except that it is smaller than the AlA='; tooth-sticks (masaAwiyk) are made from it; and its produce is like that of the AlA='; and it grows in the sands and the deserts: (TA in art. AlA^:) n. un. with p. (M.) Red ants [lit. the ants of Solomon]. (TA voce A^aHowaY, in art. Hw.) A ladder, or a series of stairs or steps, syn. miroqaApN, (M, K,) and darajapN, (M,) or miEoraAjN, (Msb,) upon which one ascends; (S, Mgh;) either of wood or of clay [&c.]: (Mgh:) said by Zj to be so called because it delivers thee (yusal~imuka) to the place to which thou desirest to go, (Mgh, TA,) i. e., to some high place, and thou hopest for safety (Als~alaAmap) by means of it: (Er-Rághib, TA:) masc. and fem.; (Lth, M, Mgh;) [app., accord. to Lth and F, generally fem.; for] accord. to Lth, one says, hiYa Als~ul~amu and huwa Als~ul~amu; (Mgh;) [and F says,] it is sometimes made masc.: (K:) pl. salaAliymu (S, Mgh, K) and salaAlimu, (K,) [which latter is the original, for] the Y in salaAliymu is added by poetic license. (M, TA.) [Hence,] Als~ul~amu (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, below [those called] AlEaAnapu, on the right of them; (K;) as being likened to the sul~am [above-mentioned]. (TA.) ― -b2- And The garoz [or stirrup of the camel's saddle] (S, K) is sometimes thus called [as being a means of mounting]. (S.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) A means to a thing; (K, TA;) because it leads to another thing like as does the sul~am upon which one ascends. (TA.) ― -b4- And Als~ul~amu is the name of The horse of Zebbán (in the CK Zeiyán) Ibn-Seiyár. (K.) : see saliymN; and see salaAmN, near the middle of the paragraph. [See also an ex. voce $aAjibN.] ― -b2- [Hence,] kalimapN saAlimapu AlEayonayoni (tropical:) A good word or expression or sentence. (TA.) -A2- The saying of J [in the S], (K,) in which he has followed his maternal uncle El-Fárábee, (TA,) that it signifies The portion of skin between the eye and the nose, is a mistake; (IB, K;) and his citation, as an authority, of the verse of 'AbdAllah Ibn-'Omar (K) in which he says, wajilodapu bayona AlEayoni waAlA^anofi saAlimu (TA,) is futile: (K:) for, as IB says, Sálim was the son of Ibn-'Omar, who, by reason of his love of him, thus makes him to be as the skin between his eyes and his nose: or, as MF says, the truth is, that the said verse is by Zuheyr, and Ibn-'Omar used it as a proverb: and [SM says], if this be correct, it strengthens the saying of J. (TA.) [More, and most, safe or secure or free from evils of any kind]. You say, h`*aA A^asolamu mino h`*aA [This is more safe &c. than this]: and h`*aA AlA^asolamu [This is the most safe &c.]; and h`*ihi Als~ulomaY. (Ham p. 214.) -A2- And AlAslm [app. AlA^asolamu] signifies, like AlTfY [i. e. AlT~afoYu]; The leaves (xuwS) of the dawom [or Theban palm]. (Ibn-Beytár, app. from AHn, cited by De Sacy in his Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., iii. 480.) [inf. n. of 4, q. v. ― -b2- It is the general term for The religion of Mohammad: differing from AlA_iymaAnu, as shown above: see 4. ― -b3- And hence, for A^aholu AlA_isolaAmi, or the like,] The Muslims, collectively. (M in art. byD, &c.) [Of, or relating to, AlA^isolaAm as meaning the religion of Mohammad. ― -b2- And particularly] A poet of the class next after the muxaDoramuwn and next before the muwal~aduwn. (Mz 49th nwE.) [See the Preface to the present work, p. ix.] The most celebrated of the poets of this class, it seems, were Jereer, El-Farezdak, El-Akhtal, and Dhu-rRummeh, who were contemporaries, and flourished in the first and second centuries of the Flight. (Mz ubi suprà, and Ibn-Khillikán in art. jariyr.) ― -b3- lafoZN A_isolaAmiY~N A word, or phrase, introduced, or used in a new sense, on the occasion of the promulgation and establishment of the religion of AlA_isolaAm, by means of the Kur-án &c. (Mz 20th nwE.) [The vena salvatella;] a certain vein (S, M, K) in the hand, (M,) between the little finger and the finger next to this: (S, K:) it occurs only [thus] in the dim. form. (M.) act. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Msb.) waA@joEalonaA musolimiyna laka, in the Kur ii. 122, means And make both of us self-resigned, or submissive, to Thee: (Bd, Jel:) or, sincere in religion, or without hypocrisy, towards Thee; syn. muxoliSayoni: (M, Bd:) and therefore mslmyn is made trans. by means of l. (M.) ― -b2- [It commonly means One who holds, or professes, the religion of AlA_isolaAm.] And one says, ↓ kaA^ana kaAfirFA vum~a huwaAlyawoma musolamapN [He was an unbeliever: then, to day, he has become a Muslim]. (M.) : see what next precedes. Almusal~am is said to be used in the sense of ↓ Almusotalam in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, bayona AlS~afaA waAlkaEobapi Almusal~ammi [Between Es-Safà and the Kaabeh of which the Black Stone is touched with the hand, or kissed: see 8]. (M.) : see saliymN. ― -b2- ― -b3- Also A hide, or skin, tanned with [qaraZ, or leaves of] the salam. (S, M.) A land abounding with the trees called salam. (M, K.) ― -b2- Suh says, on the authority of AHn, that masoluwmaA='u is a name for A collection of salam; like ma$oyuwxaA='u applied to “ many elders, or men advanced in age. ” (TA.) : see Almusal~am. ― -b2- musotalamu Alqadamayoni means A man soft, or tender, in the feet. (TA.) slhb , said of a horse running, He stretched himself forth; or extended, or elongated, himself: (S: [the meaning is there indicated, and it is expressed by an interlinear explanation in one of my copies of that work:]) or he pressed onward with a penetrative energy or force, or with sharpness of spirit. (TA.) Some hold that the h in the words of this art. is augmentative: others, [app. the greater number,] that it is radical. (MF.) , sometimes pronounced with S, (S, TA,) Long, or tall; (K, TA;) as an epithet of general application: (TA:) or a tall man: pl. salaAhibapN. (K.) ― -b2- Applied to a horse, Long-bodied: (S:) or, so applied, large, (K, TA,) and long, or tall, (TA,) and long in the bones; as also ↓ salohabapN, (K, TA,) which is applied to the male: (TA:) and the former, likewise applied to a horse, that presses onward with a penetrative energy or force, or with sharpness of spirit: (TA:) or, so applied, large and long or tall: and likewise applied to a spear: and tropically, [but in what sense is not explained,] to a wind (riyHN). (A.) ― -b3- The fem. ↓ salohabapN signifies Corpulent, or large in body; (K, TA;) not an epithet of commendation: (TA:) or, applied to a woman, it signifies tall or beautiful. (JK.) ― -b4- And salohabN is the name of A certain dog. (K, * TA.) : see salohabN, in two places. : see what follows. and ↓ silohaAbN, each as a fem. epithet, (K, TA,) and each with kesr [to the s], (TA,) [but each in the CK is with fet-h,] Bold, daring, brave, or courageous. (K.) slw , (S, M, Msb, K,) first pers. salawotu, (S, Msb,) aor. yasoluw, (Msb, K,) and yasolaA also, [or yasolaY,] though neither the second nor the third radical is a faucial letter; (Ham p. 568;) and salaAhu, (M, K,) aor. yasoluwhu; (K;) and saliYa Eanohu, first pers. salytu, (S, Msb,) aor. yasolaY; (Msb;) or saliyahu, (M, K,) aor. yasolaAhu; (K;) and salaAhu, first pers. salayotuhu, aor. yasoliyhi; (TA in art. slY, on the authority of Esh-Shereeshee;) inf. n. suluw~N, (S, M, Msb, K,) of the first, (S, Msb, TA,) and salowN, (M, K,) [app. of the second,] and sulowaAnN, (M, MA, K,) of the first, as also salowapN, (MA,) or this last is a simple subst., (M, * Msb, K,) and suliY~N, (S, M, MA, K,) of the third, (S,) or of the first, (MA,) and siliY~N [with kesr substituted for damm because of the kesr of the medial radical]; (M, TA;) He was, or became, forgetful, unmindful, or neglectful, (M, K, TA,) or diverted from the remembrance, (TA,) of him, or it: (M, K, TA:) he endured with patience the loss, or want, of him, or it: (Msb:) he was, or became, content, or happy, without him, or it: (PS:) [or he experienced comfort, or consolation, for the loss, or want, of him, or it:] accord to AZ, Als~uluw~u [or rather suluw~u AlA_ilofi Eani AlA^ilafi] signifies the familiar's being content, or happy, without the familiar: (Msb:) or Als~uluw~u [or Als~uluw~u Eano $aYo'K] signifies the being content, or happy, without a thing. (Ham p. 403.) One says also, salaA Eani AlHub~i, meaning He was or became, free from love, or affection. (MA.) [And salaA Eani Alham~i He was, or became, free from anxiety. See also 5.] ― -b2- Also maA saliytu A^ano A^aquwla *aAka, meaning I did not forget, but neglected, to say that: and one does not say saliytu A^ano A^aquwlahu except as meaning maA saliytu A^ano A^aquwlahu. (AZ, TA.) , (M, TA, *) inf. n. tasoliyapN; (TA;) and Eanohu ↓ AslAhu; (M, K;) He, or it, made him, or rendered him, forgetful, unmindful, or neglectful, (M, K, TA,) or made him to be diverted from the remembrance, (TA,) of him, or it: (M, K, TA:) [made him to endure with patience the loss, or want, of him, or it: made him to be content, or happy, without him, or it: or comforted him, or consoled him, for the loss, or want, of him or it: see 1, first sentence:] and the former verb occurs, in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, followed by an accus. as a second objective complement, in the place of a gen. preceded by Eano. (M, TA.) And one says also, sal~aAniY mino ham~iY, inf.n. as above; and ↓ A^asolaAniY; meaning [He freed me from my anxiety; or] he removed from me my anxiety. (S.) And sl~Ahu [alone] He, or it, [made him to be content, or happy; comforted, or consoled, him; or] freed him from grief [or anxiety]. (MA.) see 2, in two places. -A2- Also AslY Alqawomu The people, or party, were, or became, secure, or safe, from the beast of prey. (K.) quasi-pass. of sal~aAhu Eanohu (M) or of A^asolaAhu Eanohu (M, K) [and therefore signifying He was made, or rendered, forgetful, unmindful, or neglectful, or was made to be diverted from the remembrance, of him, or it: was made to endure with patience the loss, or want, of him, or it: was made to be content, or happy, without him, or it: or was comforted, or consoled, for the loss, or want, of him, or it]: or tsl~Y signifies takal~afa Als~ulowaAna [he affected the being forgetful, &c., of a person, or thing]: (Ham p. 403:) [he made himself content, or happy: comforted, or consoled, himself: diverted, or amused, himself: and, like salaA, (with which it is said in the Ham p. 572 to be syn.,) or nearly so,] he became free from, or he relinquished, anxiety. (MA.) See also what next follows. Anxiety became removed, or cleared away, from him; as also ↓ tsl~Y. (S.) see art. slY. or salFY: see art. slY. , (M, Msb, K,) as also ↓ sulowapN, (M, K,) a subst. from salaA Eanohu (M, Msb, K) [as such signifying A state of forgetfulness, unmindfulness, or neglectfulness, or of diversion from remembrance, of a person or thing: patient endurance of a loss or want: content, or happiness, in a case of privation: or comfort, or consolation, for a loss or want: accord. to the MA, the former is an inf. n.]. One says, saqayotaniY minoka salowapF and ↓ sulowaAnFA Thou hast made me content, or happy, [or hast infused into me content, or happiness,] without thee [or in thine absence]. (As, S.) And huwa fiY salowapK mina AlEayo$i He is in a state of life ample in its means or circumstances, unstraitened, or plentiful, and pleasant. (AZ, S.) : see the next preceding paragraph. [accord. to those who make the alif to be a sign of the fem. gender] or salowFY [accord. to those who make that letter to be one of quasicoordination] A certain bird, (S, M, Msb, K,) [in the present day applied to the quail,] i. q. sumaAnaY [which is also applied in the present day to the quail], (Ksh and Bd and Jel in ii. 54,) [or] white [?], resembling the sumaAnaY, (M,) or like the pigeon, but longer in the shank and neck than the latter, and of a colour resembling that of the sumaAnaY, quick in motion: accord. to Akh, the word is used as sing. and pl.: (Msb:) [or] Akh says, I have not heard any sing. thereof, and it seems that the single one is thus called like the pl. number, in like manner as dfolaY is [said to be] applied to one and to the pl. number: (S:) or the n. un. is salowaApN; (M, K;) of which Lth cites as an ex. this saying, [in which bal~alahu should be bal~alahaA,] kamaA A@notafaDa Als~alowaApu bal~alahu AlqaToru [Like as shakes the selwáh which the rain has much wetted]. (TA.) -A2- Also Honey; (S, M, K;) and so ↓ sulowaAnapN, with damm: (K:) the former is used in this sense by a poet, (S, M,) namely, Khálid Ibn-Zuheyr; and Zj says that Khálid has made a mistake, the word slwY signifying only a certain bird; but, accord. to AAF, (M,) ― -b2- Als~alowaY signifies [also] Whatever renders thee forgetful, or content, or happy, in a case of privation; (kul~u maA sal~aAka, M, K;) and honey is thus called because it renders thee thus by its sweetness. (M.) A water which is drunk and which renders one forgetful, or content, or happy, in a case of privation; or comforts, or consoles, for a loss or want: (Lh, M, K:) or a thing that is given to drink to the passionate lover in order that he may be forgetful, or content, or happy, without the woman: (Lh, M:) or it consists in one's taking some of the dust, or earth, of a grave, and sprinkling it upon water, and giving it to drink to the passionate lover, (M, K, *) whereupon his love dies: (K:) or rain-water poured upon a certain bead (xarazapN) called ↓ sulowaAnapN, of which they used to say that when the passionate lover drank this water he became forgetful, or content, or happy, in his privation: (S:) or a certain medicine which is given to drink to him who is in grief and in consequence of which he becomes happy; (S, K;) called by the physicians mufar~iHN: (S:) or a certain bead (xarazapN) for captivating, or fascinating, also called ↓ sulowaAnapN, (Lh, M, K,) and ↓ salowaAnapN, (Sgh, K,) with which women captivate, or fascinate, men, restraining them from other women: (Lh, M:) or ↓ sulowaAnapN signifies [or, accord. to the K, signifies also] a certain bead (xarazapN, M, K,) transparent, (M,) which, when one has buried it in the sand and then scraped the sand up from over it, is seen to be black, and is given [in water] to drink to a man, and renders him forgetful, or content, or happy, in a case of privation: (M, K: *) or a pebble upon which water is poured and given to drink to a man, who thereupon becomes forgetful, or content, or happy, in a case of privation: (M:) Ru-beh says, lawo A^a$orabu Als~ulowaAna maA saliytu maAbiY ginFY Eanoki waA_ino ganiytu (S, M, *) and Nuseyr Ibn-Abee-Nuseyr, in answer to a question of As respecting the meaning of AlslwAn, said that it is a bead (xarazapN) which is bruised, or pulverized, [and upon which water is then poured,] the water of which occasions in the drinker thereof forgetfulness, or content, or happiness, in a case of privation: but As disallowed this, and said that it is an inf. n. of salawotu, and that the meaning is lawo A^a$orabu Als~uluw~a [i. e. (assumed tropical:) Were I made to drink forgetfulness, &c., I should not become forgetful, &c.: there is not in me freedom from want of thee, though I be free from want of others]. (TA.) See also salowapN. : see the next preceding paragraph. : see salowaY: ― -b2- and see also sulowaAnN, in three places. , [said to be] like rub~aY, [but it may be sul~FY, as there is no apparent cause for its being imperfectly decl.,] A quality that renders forgetful of the objects of love or affection, or that renders content, or happy, without them. (TA in art. slY.) [act. part. n. of 1: as such often signifying] Having his heart free from love, or affection. (Har p. 41.) [a noun of the class of muboxalapN and majobanapN &c., originally masolawapN]. One says, fiyhi masolaApN Eani Alkurabi [In him is a cause of forgetfulness of, or freedom from, anxieties]: like muEolaApN [in form]. (TA.) The third [in arriving at the goal] of the ten horses that are started together for a race: so called because he renders his owner content, or happy (yusal~iyhi). (Ham p. 46.) [a noun of place from 5]. One says, maAEanohu mutasal~FY [There is not any place in which one may be rendered forgetful, &c., of him, or it; or in which one may be rendered content, or happy, without him, or it]. (TA.) slY , (M, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. salFY, said of a ewe, or she-goat, [and of a she-camel,] Her secundine (salaAhaA) became disrupted [in her belly]. (M, K.) -A2- salaAhaA, inf. n. saloYN; (M;) or ↓ sl~AhA, inf. n. tasoliyapN; (S, K;) He pulled out or off, or removed from its place, her secundine (salaAhaA), namely, a ewe's, or she-goat's, (S, M, K,) or a she-camel's. (So in one of my copies of the S.) And salayotu Aln~aAqapa I drew [forth] the she-camel's secundine (salaAhaA) after the bringing forth without letting it fall (baEoda Alr~aHami or Alr~aHomi). (Lh, M.) -A3- salayotuhu a dial. var. of salawotuhu, mentioned by Esh-Shereeshee. (TA.) See 1 in art. slw, first sentence. see the preceding paragraph. She (a camel, TA, [or a ewe or goat,]) cast forth her secundine (salaAhaA). (K, TA.) ― -b2- She (a ewe, or goat,) became fat. (K in art. slw, and TA in the present art.) -A2- Astlt smnFA [i. e. samonFA] She collected smn [or clarified butter]. (TA. [See also 8 in art. slA^.]) or salFA [thus differently written, the former the more correct, unless the word be derived from Als~alowapu, as it is said to be in the Ham p. 656, but this is improbable,] The secundine; i. e. the skin, [or membrane,] (M, K,) or thin skin, (S,) in which is the fœtus, or young, [in the womb,] (S, M, Msb, K,) of human beings, and of horses and camels, (M,) or of human beings and of cattle, (K,) or [peculiarly] of cattle, (T, S,) that of human beings being termed ma$iymapN: (TA:) it is pulled off from the face of the young camel at the time of the birth, or else it kills it, like as it does when it becomes disrupted in the belly: when it comes forth, the she-camel is safe, and so is the young one; but if it becomes disrupted in the belly, she perishes, and so does the young one: (S:) pl. A^asolaA='N. (M, Msb, K.) [Hence,] one says, AinoqaTaEa Als~alaY fiY AlbaToni (assumed tropical:) [The secundine became disrupted in the belly]; (S, Meyd, K;) i. e. artifice departed [or came to an end]; (S;) a prov. applied in the case of an affair's becoming beyond one's power of accomplishment, and coming to an end; (Meyd;) like the saying, balaga Als~ik~iynu AlEaZoma [The knife reached to the bone]. (S, K.) And huwa A=kilu AlA^asolaA='i (assumed tropical:) [He is the eater of secundines]; meaning he is low, base, vile, or sordid. (TA.) And waqaEa Alqawomu fiY salaY jamalK (assumed tropical:) [The people, or party, fell into the like of the secundine of a hecamel]; meaning they fell into a difficult affair or case; (S, K *) or they fell into an unparalleled evil; (Meyd;) for the he-camel has no slY. (S, Meyd.) A ewe, or she-goat, (S, K,) and a she-camel, (S,) whose secundine (salaAhaA) has become disrupted [in her belly]. (S, K.) ― -b2- And A ewe, or she-goat, [or she-camel,] whose secundine (salaAhaA) has been pulled out or off, or removed from its place. (TA.) , [or sul~FY,] mentioned in this art. in the TA: see art. slw. sm , (S, Msb, K,) aor. , inf. n. sam~N, (Msb,) He put poison into it; [poisoned it; infected it with poison;] namely, food. (S, Msb, K.) And He gave him to drink poison. (S, K.) And sam~atohu AlhaAm~apu The hAm~p [or venomous reptile or the like] smote him with its poison. (M.) ― -b2- [Hence, perhaps, He suggested it, A_ilayohi to him: a signification mentioned by Freytag, but without any indication of the authority.] ― -b3- [And, app., It perforated it; transpierced it; or pierced, or passed, through it: for it is said that] masam~N may be an inf. n. of the verb [signifying nafa*a], and may also signify a place of nufuw*. (Msb.) ― -b4- And, (K,) aor. , (S, TA,) inf. n. sam~N, (TA,) (tropical:) He probed it; namely a case, or an affair; and examined, or endeavoured to learn, its depth. (S, K, TA.) ― -b5- Also, inf. n. sam~N i. q. $ad~ahu [He made it firm, fast, or strong; &c.]: (M:) [or this may be a mistranscription for sad~ahu; for] you say, samamotu AlqaAruwrapawanaHowahaA, (S, K, *) inf. n. as above, (TA,) meaning sadadotu [i. e. I closed, stopped, or stopped up, the flask, or bottle, and the like]. (S, K. *) ― -b6- Also, (M, K,) aor. , inf. n. sam~N, (TA,) i. q. A^aSolaHahu [He rectified it; or put it into a good, sound, right, or proper, state; &c.]; namely, a thing. (M, K.) And sam~a bayona Alqawomi, (S, M,) or sam~a bayonahumaA, (K,) aor. , [for the verb is trans., AlA^amora being understood, or bayona meaning *aAta Albayoni,] (M,) inf. n. sam~N, (S, M,) i. q. A^aSolaHa [He rectified, or reformed, or amended, the circumstances subsisting between the people, or between them two; or he effected a rectification of affairs, or an agreement, a harmony, or a reconciliation, between the people, or between them two]. (S. M, K.) ― -b7- And sam~N AlwadaEa He strung the wadaE [or cowries]; which, when strung, are termed sum~apN and sum~N (M.) ― -b8- sam~ahu, inf. n. sam~N, signifies also He appropriated it to a particular, peculiar, or special, object. (M.) You say, sam~a Aln~iEomapa He so appropriated the benefit, or bounty. (K.) And sam~ati Aln~iEomapu The benefit, or bounty, was, or became, particular, peculiar, or special, as to its object: (S, K:) the verb being intrans. as well as trans. (K.) El-'Ajjáj says, huwa Al~a*iY A^anoEama nuEomaY Eam~ato EalaY Al~a*iyna A^asolamuwA wasam~ato (S,) or the latter hemistich is EalaY AlbilaAdi rab~unaA wasam~ato (M,) [He is the Being who has bestowed bounty that has been general and that has been particular upon those who have become Muslims, or upon the countries, namely, our Lord]: he means that it has reached all. (S.) ― -b9- [And i. q. qaSadahu:] you say, samamotu sam~aka, i. e. qaSadotu qaSodaka [which means I tended, repaired, betook myself, or directed my course, towards thee; or I have tended, &c.: and also I pursued, or have pursued, thy way, or course, doing like thee]. (S.) -A2- [sum~a It was smitten by the wind called sumuwm; applied to a plant; and in like manner to a man: see its part. n., masomuwmN. And] sum~a yawomunaA, with damm [to the s], Our day was, or became, attended with the wind called samuwm. (S, K.) signifies The making loops to the [girth called] waDiyn. (TA.) [You say, sm~m AlwaDiyna He made loops to the waDiyn: see the pass. part. n., below. And also He adorned the waDiyn with sumuwm, i. e. strung cowries: see, again, the pass. part. n.] He (a man) walked, or went along, gently. (IAar, TA.) And He (a fox) ran; [or ran in a certain manner;] inf. n. samosamapN: (TK:) the latter signifies the running, (K,) or a sort of running, (M,) of the fox. (M, K.) Poison, or vemom; (PS, TK;) or deadly poison or venom; (KL;) or the poison, or venom, of the serpent; (MA;) a certain deadly thing, (S, M, Msb, K,) well known; (K;) as also ↓ sum~N, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is of the dial. of the people of El-'Áliyeh, (Yoo, Msb, TA,) and is said to be the most chaste; (MF, TA;) and ↓ sim~N, (Msb, K,) which is [said to be] of the dial. of Temeem, (Msb,) [but is thought by SM to be vulgar, and] accord. to Yoo, the first is of the dial. of Temeem, (TA,) and this is the most common of the three: (Msb:) pl. simaAmN (S, M, Msb, K) and sumuwmN: (S, Msb, K:) and ↓ samosamN signifies the same, in the sing. sense. (ISk, K, TA.) [In some copies of the K, by a mistranscription (waAls~am~i or waAls~um~i for wAls~am~u or waAls~um~u) sam~N or sum~N is made to be syn. with samosamN as signifying “ a fox. ” That the right reading is that which I have followed is shown in the TA by an ex., in which samosam is spoken of as drunk.] ― -b2- [Hence,] sam~u AlfaA^ori Arsenic; [in like manner called by us ratsbane;] syn. Al$~ak~u, (K, TA,) i. e. Alr~ahaju [which is a modern word for arsenic]. (TA.) [Also applied in the present day to The hyoscyamus muticus of Linn. (Delile's Floræ Aegypt. Illustr., in the Descr. de l'Égypte, no. 242.)] ― -b3- And sam~u AlHimaAri The [tree called] difolaY [q. v.]. (K.) ― -b4- And sam~u Als~amaki The tree called maAhiyzahoraho [or maAhiY zahoraho], (K,) which latter appellation is Pers., meaning the same, [i. e. “ fish-poison, ”] (TA,) and also known by the name of AlbuwSiyru: it is beneficial for pains of the joints, and pain of the hip and the back, and the niqoris [i. e. gout, or specially gout in the foot or feet]; but the only part of its tree that is beneficial is its liHaA=' [or bark]: (K, TA:) when somewhat thereof, (K, * TA,) kneaded mith leaven, (TA,) is put into a pool of water, it intoxicates the fish thereof, (K, TA,) so that they float upon the surface of the water: (TA:) and its leaves burn in lamps in lieu of wicks, (K, TA,) by reason of their oleaginous property. (TA.) ― -b5- sam~u A^aboraSa: see saAm~N. -A2- Also, and ↓ sum~N, (S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ sim~N, (Msb, K,) [but the last is thought by SM to be vulgar, in this sense as well as in the first,] A perforation, bore, or hole, (S, M, Msb, K,) of anything; (M;) or such as is narrow; (TA;) for instance, (S, TA,) [the eye] of a needle; (S, Msb, TA;) as in the Kur vii. 38; [see jum~alN;] and the hole of the nose, and of the ear: (TA:) pl. sumuwmN, (M,) or simaAmN, (Msb,) or both. (S, K.) The sumuwm and simaAm of a human being are His mouth and his nostril and his ear, (S,) or his mouth and his nostrils and his ears; (K;) and the sing. is sam~N and ↓ sum~N: (S:) or the sumuwm of a human being, and of a horse or the like, are the clefts (ma$aAq~) of the skin thereof. (M.) And the sumuwm of the horse are The thin portions of the hard bone, [extending] from the two sides of the nasal bone to the channels of the tears: sing. sam~N: (M:) or, as some say, (M,) the sam~aAni, (S, M,) or the sam~, (K, [but this seems evidently to be a mistake for the dual,]) means two veins in the nose (A^anof, M, or xayo$uwm, S, K, [which latter often means the same as the former,]) of the horse: (S, M, K:) accord. to Lth, sumuwmN, as pl. of sam~N, signifies the channels of the tears of the horse: AO says that in the face of the horse are sumuwm; and the bareness of his sumuwm is approved, and is regarded as indicative of generous breed. (TA.) By the sumuwm of the horse are also meant Any bone [or rather bones] in which is marrow. (TA.) And the sumuwm of a sword are Notches therein, whether new or old. (TA.) ― -b2- A^aSaAba sam~a HaAjatihi [is app. from sam~N as signifying the “ eye ” of a needle, or the like, and] means (assumed tropical:) He hit, or attained, the object of his aim or pursuit: (M, K:) and in like manner, huwa baSiyrN bisam~i HaAjatihi [He is knowing, or skilful, in respect of the object of his aim or pursuit]. (M.) ― -b3- [And hence, perhaps, though another derivation is asserted in what follows,] one says also, maAlahu sam~N walaA Ham~N gayoruka and walaA Hum~N ↓ sum~N, (S, M,) meaning (assumed tropical:) He has no object in his mind except thee; syn. ham~N: (M:) and in like manner, maAlahu sam~N walaA Ham~N and walaA ↓ sum~N Hum~N [alone]: or, accord. to Fr, it means he has not any who hopes for him: this is from [samamotu sam~aka and] Hamamotu Ham~aka and hamamotu ham~aka meaning qaSadotu qaSodaka; sam~N and Ham~N being the inf. ns., and ↓ sum~N and Hum~N the simple substs.; and the meaning is, he has not any who seeks after him; i. e. he has no good in him for which he is to be sought after: (Meyd:) or it means he has neither little nor much. (K and TA in art. Hm.) ― -b4- sam~N also signifies The loop (Eurowap) of the [girth called] waDiyn: pl. sumuwmN. (TA. [See musam~amN.]) ― -b5- And Anything like wadaE [or cowries] brought forth from the sea, (S, K, TA,) and strung for ornament. (TA.) And also, (TA,) or ↓ sum~N and ↓ sum~apN, (M,) Strung wadaE [or cowries]: (M, TA:) pl. sumuwmN. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in seven places. : see sam~N, in two places. The meatus of the vagina of a woman; (As, TA;) as also ↓ simaAmN, [which is shown to be thus used as a sing., by a citation from a trad., though said to be] from simaAmN as signifying the “ eyes ” (vuqab) of the needle [or of needles]: or the rima of a woman, with the parts that are next to it of the haunch and of the borders of the vulva, i. e. of the labia majora. (TA.) ― -b2- See also sim~apN. -A2- Also Als~am~apu, (AA, TA,) or sam~apu Alqalobi, (TA,) The heart, or cerebrum, of the palm-tree: pl. smm [app. simamN, or sumamN]. (TA.) : see sam~N, last sentence. -A2- Also A mat, (AHn, M,) or a suforap [q. v.], (K,) or a thing like a wide suforap, (T, TA,) made, (AHn, M,) [i. e.] woven, (T, TA,) of xuwS [or leaves] (AHn, T, M, K) of the gaDaf [a tree resembling a dwarfpalm-tree]: (AHn, M:) it is spread beneath the palm-tree (T, K, TA) when the dates are cut off, (T, TA,) and upon it fall what become scattered (T, K, TA) of the dates: (T, TA:) pl. simaAmN, (AHn, M, TA,) or sumamN, (K,) or, as in the T, sumuwmN. (TA.) -A3- See also saAm~N, latter part, in two places. The Aisot [here app. meaning anus]; as also ↓ sam~apN [q. v.]. (K.) A sort of bird, (T, S, M,) less than the species called qaTFA, in make, (T, TA,) like the sumaAnaY [or quail]: (M, TA:) [accord. to explanations of samaAmapN in the MA, mountain-swallows: or, accord. to the same and Meyd, birds like swallows: accord. to Dmr, as stated by Golius, i. q. Tyr AbAbyl: but this is app. said in relation to an assertion of 'Áïsheh, mentioned in art. Abl in the Msb, that the birds termed A^abaAbiyl in the Kur cv. 3 were most like to swallows:] the word is a pl., (S,) [or rather a coll. gen. n.,] and the sing. [or n. un.] is with ↓ p, (S, M,) pl. samaAy^imu: (Meyd:) see samaAsimu. ― -b2- And hence, as being likened thereto, A banner, an ensign, or a standard; syn. liwaA='N: (M:) or so ↓ samaAmapN. (K.) ― -b3- And [hence, also, perhaps, without p, as in a verse cited by IB and in the TA, for the coll. gen. n. may be used as a sing.,] A swift she-camel: (S, IB, TA:) [pl. samaAy^imu, mentioned by Freytag, from Reiske, as signifying swift she-camels.] ― -b4- Also, and ↓ samosaAmN and ↓ sumaAsimN and ↓ sumosumaAnN and ↓ sumosumaAniY~N, applied to anything, [of men and of beasts &c.,] Light, active, or agile, and slender, and swift; (M, K;) and so ↓ samosamapN: (M: [thus there written; not samaAmapN nor samosaAmapN, though both of these are app. correct:]) or ↓ samosaAmN and ↓ sumosumaAniY~N, applied to a man, signify light, or active, or agile, and swift, or quick; (S;) and ↓ sumosumN so applied, and ↓ sumosumapN and ↓ samaAmapN, applied to a woman, signify light, or active, or agile, and slender: (TA:) or ↓ sumosumN, applied to a man, signifies [simply] light, or active, or agile. (K.) a pl. of sam~N or sum~N: (S, M, Msb, K:) ― -b2- and also used as a sing.: see sam~apN. ― -b3- [In one place, in the CK, erroneously put for samosaAm as syn. with samosam, q. v.] , of the fem. gender, (S,) A hot wind, (S, M, Msb, K,) or, as some say, a cold wind, (M, [perhaps a mistake occasioned by a misunderstanding of the phrase samuwmN baAridN, expl. below,]) in the night or in the day, (M,) or generally (K) in the day, (Msb, K,) but authorities differ respecting it, as has been shown voce HaruwrN; (Msb;) accord. to AO, it is in the day, and sometimes in the night; and the Haruwr is in the night, and sometimes in the day: (S:) but some say that the former is in the night, and the latter in the day: (Ibn-Es-Seed in the “ Fark, ” TA:) [in the present day it is commonly applied to a violent and intensely-hot wind, generally occurring in the spring or summer, in Egypt and the Egyptian deserts usually proceeding from the south-east or south-south-east, gradually darkening the air to a deep purple hue, whether or not (according to the nature of the tract over which it blows) accompanied by clouds of dust or sand, and at length entirely concealing the sun; but seldom lasting more than about a quarter of an hour or twenty minutes:] the word is used as a subst. [i. e. alone], and also as an epithet [qualifying the subst. riyHN]: (M:) pl. samaAy^imN. (S, M, K.) One says also samuwmN baAridN, meaning A samuwm that is constant, continual, permanent, settled, or incessant. (S and L in art. brd.) [See also baAriHN.] : see samaAmN, in three places: -A2- and see sumosumN. -A3- Also A certain feather, (daAy^irap, M, K, TA,) which is approved (K, TA) by the Arabs, (TA,) in the neck of the horse, (K,) in the middle of the neck of the horse, (M,) or in the side of his neck. (TA.) -A4- And The $axoS [or corporeal form or figure, or person,] (M, K,) of a man: (K:) or, as some say, (M, but accord. to the K “ and ”) the aspect; (M, K;) as in the saying, huwa bahiY~u Als~amaAmapi [He is beautiful, or pleasing, in aspect]. (TA.) ― -b2- And A portion standing up of ruined dwellings. (K.) A seller of simosim [q. v.]; like laA^~=lN signifying a seller of luw^oluw^. (IKh, TA.) A certain plant. (K.) -A2- [See sam~aAnN in art. smn.] The decorations, or embellishments, (tazaAwiyq,) of a ceiling: so says IAar; and in like manner, Lh; and he says, I have not heard a sing. of it. (TA.) [See also sam~aAnN, in art. smn.] : see sam~N, first sentence. -A2- It is also an epithet, of which only the fem., with p, is mentioned: see samaAmN. ― -b2- [Hence,] samosamN and ↓ samosaAmN, (M,) or Als~amosamu and ↓ Als~amosaAmu, (K, TA,) [the latter erroneously written in the CK Als~imAm,]) The wolf; (M, K;) because of his lightness, or activity, or agility: (M:) or Als~amosamu signifies the wolf that is small in the body. (M, K.) ― -b3- And Als~amosamu The fox; (S, M, K;) as also samosamN [without Al], (M,) and ↓ Als~umaAsimu. (K.) ; and its fem., with p: see samaAmN, last sentence, in three places. -A2- Also, the former, and ↓ simosimN, or the latter is a mistake, [ascribed in the K to J,] Red ants: n. un. with p: (K:) or sumosumapN (M) and simosimapN (S, M) signify a certain insect, (M,) a red ant; (S, M;) as also ↓ samaAmapN: (M:) accord. to Lth, an insect of the form of the Aklp [app. a mistranscription for namolap, i. e. ant], of a red colour: Az says, I have seen it in the desert, and it bites, or stings, painfully: (TA:) pl. samaAsimu, (S, TA,) said by Aboo-Kheyreh to be certain things found in El-Basrah, that bite vehemently, having longish heads, and the colours of which incline to redness. (TA.) See samaAsimu below. [Sesame; sesamum orientale of Linn.; applied in the present day to the plant and its grain;] a well-known grain; (Msb;) it is called in Pers. kunojudo; (MA, KL;) i. q. julojulaAnN, (M, K,) said by AHn to be abundant in the Saráh (Als~araAp), and El-Yemen, and to be white; (M;) [by this is evidently here meant sesame, or the grain thereof, or both; though it also signifies the “ fruit of the coriander; ” for otherwise, the most commonly-known meaning of simosimN would be unmentioned in the M;] the grain of the Hal~; [i. e. the grain from which the oil called Hal~ is expressed;] (S, K; [by the author of the latter of which, this was evidently understood to be different from the julojulaAn, which is mentioned by him after the description of properties here following;]) it is glutinous, corruptive to the stomach and the mouth; but is rendered good by honey; and when it is digested, it fattens; and the washing of the hair with the water in which its leaves have been cooked lengthens and improves it: the wild sort thereof is known by the name of jalobahanok, (K, TA,) thus, with fet-h to the j and b and h, and sukoon to the l and n, [but written in the CK jalobahanako,] a Pers. word, [originally jlobahanoG,] arabicized; (TA;) its action is nearly like that of the xarobaq [or hellebore]; and sometimes from half a drachm to a drachm is administered to him who is affected with palsy, and he is cured thereby, (K, TA,) speedily; (TA;) but a drachm thereof is dangerous, (K, TA,) in a great degree. (TA.) ― -b2- Als~imosimu AlhinodiY~u: see xirowaEN, in art. xrE. -A2- Also The serpent: (K, TA:) or a certain creeping thing resembling it. (TA.) ― -b2- See also the next preceding paragraph, where it and its n. un. with p are mentioned. : see samaAmN. : see samaAmN, in two places. : see samaAmN, in two places: ― -b2- and see also samasamN, likewise in two places. A species of bird, (M, K,) resembling the swallow; [but see what follows;] thus expl. by Th, who has not mentioned any sing. thereof; (M;) and Lh adds that its eggs are unattainable: (TA:) so in the prov., kal~afotaniY bayoDa Als~amaAsimi [Thou hast imposed upon me the task of procuring the eggs of the samaAsim]; (M;) applied in the case of a man's being asked for that which he will not find, and which will not be: (TA:) or Als~amaAsim is here pl. of ↓ Alsmsmp [i. e. Als~umosumapu or Als~imosimapu], and means the red ants: thus some relate the prov.: but others say, ↓ Als~amaAy^imi, pl. of samaAmapN, [n. un. of samaAmN,] which means a species of bird like the swallow, the eggs of which are unattainable. (Meyd. [By Freytag, samaAy^imu is erroneously said, as on the authority of Meyd, to be pl. of saAm~apN in this sense.]) In [some of] the copies of the K, Als~umaAsimu is here erroneously put for Als~amaAsimu. (TA.) : see samaAmN: ― -b2- and see also samosamN. [act. part. n. of sam~a; as such signifying Poisoning, or infecting with poison]. saAm~apN, as an act. part. n. [in the fem. form because applied to things of the fem. gender (such as the Eaqorab &c.), and to such as are denoted by gen. ns., which are used in a pl. sense], (Msb,) Such as is, or are, venomous (S, Msb, K) of animals, (K,) or of creeping things, [and insects,] but of which the venom does not kill; as the scorpion, and the hornet: (Msb:) and such things (Sh, Msb) and the like thereof (Sh) are termed sawaAm~u, (Sh, Msb,) which is the pl. of saAm~apN. (Msb.) ― -b2- [And hence,] saAm~u A^aboraSa (S, M, Mgh, K) and saAm~a A^aboraSa, as one word, (S and Msb in art. brS, and the latter in the present art. also,) and A^aboraSa ↓ sam~u, (K,) A species of the [lizard called] wazag: (M:) or such as are large, of the wazag: (A in art. brS, and Msb:) or [one] of the large [sorts] of the wazag: (S, Mgh, K:) also called Als~aAm~u: (TA, from a trad.:) [see more in art. brS:] applied to the male and the female: (Zj, Msb:) dual saAm~aA A^aboraSa; (TA;) and pl. sawaAm~u A^aboraSa. (M, Mgh, TA.) ― -b3- And yawomN saAm~N [as though meaning “ a poisoning day ”] (M, K) and ↓ musim~N, (IAar, M, K,) the latter rare, (M,) [and anomalous, being from sum~a,] and ↓ masomuwmN, (S, M, K,) A day attended with the wind called samuwm. (S, M, K.) -A2- [saAm~apN is also fem. of saAm~N as part. n. of the intrans. verb sam~a signifying “ it was, or became, particular, peculiar, or special. ” And hence,] Als~aAm~apu signifies also (tropical:) The xaAS~ap [or distinguished people, or people of distinction; and the particular, peculiar, or special, friends, intimates, familiars, or the like] (S, M, IAth, K, TA) of a man; (IAth, TA;) and ↓ Alsum~apu, pl. sumamN, signifies the same; (M;) and so ↓ Almasam~apu, like as AlmaEam~apu signifies AlEam~apu: (IAar, TA:) or ↓ Als~um~apu signifies the relations, syn. AlqaraAbapu; (K;) or the particular, or choice, relations: (TA:) and ↓ A^aholu Almasam~api signifies the relations; syn. AlA^aqaAribu; (M;) or the xaAS~ap [expl. above], (El-Umawee, S, K,) and the relations. (K.) One says, kayofa Als~aAm~apu waAlEaAm~apu (assumed tropical:) [How are the people of distinction, &c., and the common people, or people in general?]. (S.) And Earafahu AlEam~apu waAls~aAm~apu (tropical:) [The people in general, or the vulgar, and the people of distinction, &c., knew it, or him]. (TA.) [fem. of saAm~N: see the latter in several places]. -A2- Als~aAm~apu also signifies Death: (M, K:) but this is extr.: (M, TA:) the word commonly known, (M,) or the correct word in this sense, (TA,) is Als~aAmu, [belonging to art. swm,] without teshdeed (M, TA) to the m, and without p. (TA.) A nose narrow (K, TA.) and fat (TA) in the nostrils. (K, TA.) A place of perforation, of transpiercing, or of passing through: pl. masaAm~u. (Msb.) [Hence,] masaAm~u Aljasadi (S, K) or Albadani (Msb) The perforations [or pores] of the body (S, Msb, K) through which the sweat and the exhalation of the interior thereof pass forth: (Msb:) AlmasaAm~u [thus] applied to the manaAfi* [of the body] is a term of the physicians. (Mgh.) : see saAm~N. One who eats what he is able to eat. (K.) and A^aholu Almasam~api: see saAm~N. , applied to a [girth such as is called] waDiyn, Having three sumuwm, i. e. loops (EurFY) [attached to it]. (TA.) And also, thus applied, Adorned with sumuwm, i. e. strung cowries. (TA.) [Poisoned; infected with poison;] having had poison put into it; applied to food. (TA.) And A man having had poison given him to drink. (TA.) ― -b2- Also Smitten by the wind called samuwm; applied to a plant; and in like manner to a man. (TA.) See also saAm~N. smt [as an inf. n.] is syn. with qaSodN [in an intrans. sense], (S, * Msb,) and hudFY [in the sense of ra$aAdN], and AisotiqaAmapN: (Msb:) or Husonu naHowK: (M, K:) you say, samata, aor. , (S, M, K,) and , (K,) or in this case the former only, (TA,) inf. n. samotN, (M, TA,) He pursued a right course; syn. qaSada: (S, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) he followed a good direction (M, K, * TA *) in the way of religion [&c.]. (TA.) Accord. to Khálid Ibn- Dabbeh, it signifies (assumed tropical:) The following the truth and the right way or direction, and being a good neighbour, and doing little harm. (TA.) [But more commonly, or primarily, it relates to the course that one pursues in journeying.] An Arab of the desert, of [the tribe of] Keys, says, sawofa tajuwbiyna bigayori naEoti taEas~ufFA A^awo h`ka*aA biAls~amoti i. e. [Thou shalt traverse (addressing a woman), or, more probably, ye shall traverse (addressing camels or other beasts), a land without a description], journeying without any sign of the way and without any track [for guidance], such being the meaning of tEs~fA, or thus, pursuing a right course, Als~amotu meaning AlqaSodu. (TA.) Accord. to Sh, Als~amotu signifies The seeking, searching, or inquiring, for, or after, the right way or direction. (TA.) ― -b2- Als~amotu also signifies qaSdu AlT~ariyqi [i. e. samotu AlT~ariyqi signifies The road's having a right, or direct, tendency]: (M:) or [samotu Al$~aYo'i] signifies qaSodu Al$~aYo'i [i. e. The thing's having a right, or direct, tendency]. (K.) [This last explanation has been misunderstood by the Turkish translator of the K; who has hence been led to assert that one says, samata Al$~aYo'a as well as samata naHowahu, meaning qaSadahu: it is tasam~atahu that (like samata naHowahu) signifies qaSadahu; not samatahu, for samata is always intrans.] ― -b3- Also The journeying (S, M, K) upon the road (M, K) [guided only] by opinion (S, M, K) and conjecture: (S:) or, as some say, the journeying by conjecture and opinion, not upon a [known] road. (TA.) A poet says, ↓ layosa bihaA riyEN lisamoti Als~aAmiti [There is not, or was not, in it, a road of any kind (see riyEN) for the journeying by opinion and conjecture of him who so journeys]. (S, TA.) ― -b4- And The pursuing a course, or direction, [of any kind,] and [particularly] (assumed tropical:) in religion and in worldly affairs. (TA.) You say, huwa yasomutu samotahu (assumed tropical:) He pursues his [another's] way, or course, doing as he [the latter] does. (TA.) [samotahu is here an absolute (not an objective) complement of yasomutu; like sayorahu in the phrase huwayasiyru sayorahu. See also samotN below.] ― -b5- Also samata, aor. , inf. n. samotN, (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, grave, staid, steady, sedate, or calm. (Msb.) ― -b6- And samata lahumo, aor. , (Fr, K,) inf. n. samotN, (Fr, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He prepared, arranged, or disposed, for them, the mode, or manner, of speech, and of judging, or forming an opinion, (Fr, K, TA,) and of work, or action. (Fr, TA.) The keeping to the samot [i. e. road, &c.]. (K.) It is said in a trad., faA@noTalaqotu laA A^adoriY A^ayona A^a*ohabu A_il~aA A^an~aniY A^usam~itu, meaning [And I departed, not knowing whither I should go, but] I kept to the course, or direction, of the road: or as some say, I prayed to God. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The mentioning of God, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or, as in some copies of the S, the mentioning of the name of God, [like tasomiyapN, inf. n. of sam~aY,] (TA,) upon, or over, a thing, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or in any case. (TA.) One says, sam~ata EalaY AlT~aEaAmi (assumed tropical:) He mentioned the name of God upon, or over, the food. (TK.) ― -b3- And sm~t lahu and Ealayohi, inf. n. tasomiytN, (assumed tropical:) He prayed for what was good for him; prayed for a blessing upon him; as also $m~t. (L and TA in art. $mt, q. v.) In a trad. respecting eating, it is said, sam~uwA A@ll~`ha wadan~uwA wasam~ituwA, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Pronounce ye the name of God, and take what is next you of the food, or make your words to be near together, (see 2 in arts. dnw and smw,) and,] when ye have ended, invoke a blessing upon him at whose abode or table ye have eaten. (TA.) ― -b4- Alt~asoniytu also signifies, (M, K,) or tasomiytu AlEaATisi, (S, Msb,) (assumed tropical:) The praying for the sneezer; (M, Msb, K;) saying, hadaAka A@ll~`hu A_ilaY Als~amoti [May God guide thee to the right, or good, course]; because the person sneezing is disturbed and disquieted: so says AAF: (M, TA:) or the saying to him, yaroHamuka A@ll~`hu [May God have mercy on thee]: (Th, S, M:) or Alt~asomiytu signifies the saying baAraka A@ll~`hu fiyka [May God bless thee]: (ISh, TA:) it is with s and with $: (S, M, Msb:) one says sam~atahu, (T, M, Msb,) i. e. sam~ata AlEaATisa, meaning He prayed for the sneezer, [saying as above,] (A,) and $am~atahu: (T, M, Msb:) Th says that the former is preferred, (S,) or is the original, (Msb,) being from Als~amotu signifying AlqaSodu, (S, M, Msb,) and AlhudaY, and AlAisotiqaAmapu, (Msb,) and AlmaHaj~apu, (S,) or AlT~ariyqu; (M;) as though one made a person his object by this prayer; (M;) and that the s is changed [by some] into $: (TA:) but A 'Obeyd says that the pronunciation with $ is of higher authority, and more common. (S, Msb.) The Prophet said, When any of you sneezes, let him say, AlHamodu lil~`hi [Praise be to God]; and he who prays for him (Al~a*iY yu$an~ituhu [or yusam~ituhu]), yaroHamuka A@ll~`hu; and let him [i. e. the sneezer] say [in reply], yahodiykumu A@ll~`hu wayuSoliHu baAlakumo [May God direct you aright, and render good your state, or condition, or case]. (Har p. 250.) , inf. n. musaAmatapN, He, or it, faced, or fronted, or was opposite to or over against, him, or it. (Msb, TA.) , (As, S, A, TA,) [and] tsm~t lahu, (M,) He directed himself, or his course, or aim, to, or towards, him, or it; syn. qaSadahu, (S, M,) or taEam~adahu, and qaSada naHowahu. (As, A, TA.) inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (M, TA.) ― -b2- Also A road, or way; syn. TariyqN, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and maHaj~apN, (Th, S,) and naHowN: (A:) [pl. sumuwtN.] One says, Ailozamo h`*aA Als~amota Keep thou to this road, or way. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) The way, or course, that one pursues in his religion and his worldly affairs: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) a way, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: (S, TA:) (tropical:) the mode, or manner, [of life,] syn. hayoy^ap, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) of good people, (S, A, Mgh, K, TA,) in respect of religion, not in respect of goodliness of person: (TA:) a metaphorical meaning, from the same word as signifying “ a road, ” or “ way. ” (Mgh.) One says, A_in~ahu laHasanu Als~amoti (assumed tropical:) Verily he is good in respect of the way, or course, that he pursues in his religion and his worldly affairs: (TA:) or huwaHasanu Als~amoti means (assumed tropical:) he is good in his hayoy^ap [i. e., as here used, mode, or manner, of life]. (Msb.) And maA A^aHosana samotahu (tropical:) How good is his way, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like! (S, A, * Mgh, * TA.) ― -b4- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Gravity, staidness, steadiness, sedateness, or calmness. (Msb.) ― -b5- Als~amotu also signifies The region, or quarter, to which, or towards which, the course, or aim, is directed. (M.) ― -b6- [And hence, The bearing, or direction, of an object by the compass. And more particularly, The azimuth. ― -b7- And samotu Alr~aA^osi The zenith; or vertical point in the heavens. (“ Zenit ” appears to have been, as Golius observes, a mistranscription for “ zemt, ” or “ semt. ”) ― -b8- samotu Al$~amosi The path of the sun; the ecliptic: from samotN signifying “ a road, ” or “ way. ” ― -b9- samotu AlAiEotidaAli The equinoctial colure. And samotu AlAinoqilaAbi The solstitial colure.] [part. n. of 1]: see an ex. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. (assumed tropical:) Any one praying, or who prays, for what is good, (S and TA in art. $mt,) liA^aHadK [for any one]; (TA in that art.;) as also mu$am~itN: (S and TA in that art.:) any one praying, or who prays, for a return to the right, or good, way, and continuance therein. (Msb.) The part of the sandal that is below its muxaS~ar [or narrow part, more commonly called its xaSor, extending thence] to its extremity. (K.) smj , [aor. ,] inf. n. samaAjapN (S, O, Msb, K) and sumuwjapN; (L, TA;) and samija, [aor. ,] (Lh, TA, and so in a copy of the A,) inf. n. samaAjapN; (A;) It (a thing, S, O, Msb) was, or became, foul, unseemly, or ugly; (S, A, O, Msb, * K;) or devoid of beauty. (A, L, Msb.) , (A, O, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. tasomiyjN, (O, K,) He, or it, rendered it foul, unseemly, or ugly; (O, Msb, * K;) or devoid of beauty. (L, Msb.) One says, maA sam~ajahu EinodiY A_il~aA ka*aA [Nothing rendered it foul, unseemly, &c., in my estimation, but such a thing]. (A.) [How foul, or unseemly, is his deed!]. (A.) He reckoned it, or esteemed it, foul, unseemly, or ugly; (S, O;) or devoid of beauty. (L.) One says, A^anaA A^asotasomiju fiEolaka [I reckon, or esteem, thy deed foul, or unseemly]. (A, TA.) , (S, O, K,) like DaxomN from Daxuma, (S, O,) and ↓ samijN, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) like xa$inN (S, A, O, Msb) from xa$una, (S, O,) and ↓ samiyjN, (S, A, O, K,) like qabiyHN (S, A, O) from qabuHa, (S, O,) Foul, unseemly, or ugly; (S, A, O, Msb, * K;) or devoid of beauty: (A, L, Msb:) pl. simaAjN, (S, O, K,) [of samojN,] like DixaAmN [pl. of DaxomN, or of samiyjN, like qibaAHN pl. of qabiyHN], applied to a number of men, (S, O,) and, so applied, samaAjaY, [of samijN, like Ha*aAraY pl. of Ha*irN, or of samiyjN, like qabaAHaY pl. of qabiyHN,] (IF, O, L,) and sumajaA='u, [of samiyjN,] and samijuwna: (L:) ↓ samiyjN is of the dial. of Hudheyl; and is said by some to signify possessing no good, or no good things. (L.) One says also samojN lamojN and lamijN ↓ samijN and lamiyjN ↓ samiyjN, using the latter word in each case as an imitative sequent [for the purpose of corroboration]. (AO, S and K in art. lmj, q. v.) ― -b2- samojN applied to milk signifies Greasy, and bad, or foul, in flavour; as also ↓ samiyjN; (S, O, K;) and so samohajN and samolajN: (S:) or having no flavour; (L;) or so ↓ samijN: (Msb:) and bad, or foul, in odour. (L.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in three places. : see samojN, in four places. smH , (S, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. samaAHN and samaAHapN and sumuwHN and sumuwHapN and samoHN and simaAHN, (K,) He was, or became, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, * Msb, * K;) as also ↓ AsmH: (Msb, K:) but the unaugmented verb commonly known, but faultily omitted in the K, is samaHa, aor. ; and this is the only one mentioned by IKtt and IKoot and a number of other authors: samuHa, like karuma, means he became of the people of Als~amaAHap [i. e. liberality, &c.]: (MF:) [but] samaHa and ↓ AsmH both signify as above; he was, or became, liberal, &c.; and he gave from a motive of generosity and liberality: this is the correct explanation of both; though some say that the former only is used in this sense; and the latter, in relation to compliance and submissiveness. (L.) You say, samaHa bihi, (S, A, Msb,) aor. , inf. n. samaAHN and samaAHapN (S, * A, * Msb) and sumuwHN, (Msb,) He was liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous, with it; (S, A, Msb;) and gave it; and complied therein with that which was desired of him; as also ↓ AsmH. (Msb.) [And samaHa lahu He was liberal, &c., to him; as also ↓ AsmH; whence,] God is represented, in a trad., as saying, liEabodiY ↓ A^asomiHuwA kaA_isomaAHihi A_ilaY EibaAdiY Be ye liberal, &c., to my servant, [meaning Mohammad,] like as he is liberal, &c., to my servants. (L.) And samaHa liY, (S,) or lahu, (A,) He gave (S, A) to me, (S,) or to him: (A:) and bika*aA ↓ saAmaHahu he gave him such a thing. (Msb.) And samaHa liY bi*`lika, and ↓ AsmH, and ↓ sAmH, He complied with my desire in that thing. (L: see also a similar phrase below.) ― -b2- samaHato, said of a she-camel, means She became submissive, and went quickly: (L:) and ↓ AsmHt said of a beast (daAb~ap), it became gentle and submissive after being refractory: (L, K: *) and in like manner ↓ AsmH; (A;) and ↓ sm~H, inf. n. tasomiyHN; (L;) said of a camel: (A, L:) or tasomiyHN signifies the going an easy pace: (S, L, K:) and the going quickly: (L, K:) or (so in the L, but in the K “ and ”) the act of fleeing. (L, K.) And ↓ AsmH It became easy and submissive. (L.) You say, qaruwnatuhu ↓ A^asomaHato, (S, A, K,) and qariynatuhu, as also ↓ saAmaHato, (L,) His mind became submissive, (S, A, L, K,) li*`lika AlA^amori to that thing. (L.) ― -b3- samaHa, inf. n. samaAHN; (L;) and ↓ sm~H, (Mgh, L,) inf. n. tasomiyHN; (L, K;) and ↓ sAmH, (Mgh, L,) inf. n. musaAmaHapN; (S, A, L, K;) and ↓ AsmH, (Mgh,) and ↓ tsm~H; (L;) also signify He acted in an easy, or a gentle, manner; (S, A, Mgh, L, K;) and he made easy, or facilitated; (L;) fiY A^amorK in an affair: (Mgh, L:) and ↓ musaAmaHapN signifies the acting in an easy, or a gentle, manner in a contest in thrusting, or piercing, with spears or the like, and smiting with swords, and running. (L.) It is said in a well-known trad., Als~amaAHu rabaAHN The acting in an easy, or a gentle, manner, in affairs, is a means of gain, or profit, to the performer thereof. (L.) And you say, fiY AlA^amori ↓ sAmHhu He acted in an easy, or a gentle, manner with him. (TK.) And samaHa lahu and bihi, and ↓ AsmH, He made [a thing] easy to him. (L.) And AisomaHo yusomaHo laka (Meyd, Mgh, L) and bika, (L,) and yusomaHo laka ↓ A^asomiHo (Meyd, L) and bika, (L,) a trad., (Mgh, L,) meaning Facilitate thou, and facilitation shall be rendered to thee: (As, Sh, L:) or act thou in an easy, or a gentle, manner, and easy, or gentle, treatment, shall be rendered to thee: (Mgh:) or be thou compliant, and compliance shall be rendered to thee. (Meyd.) And samaHa lahu biHaAjatihi, and ↓ AsmH, He made easy to him the object of his want. (IAar, L: see also a similar phrase above.) ― -b4- samaAHapN (A, TA) and sumuwHapN, (TA,) [app. inf. ns. of which the verb is samuHa,] in a branch, or rod, signify (tropical:) The being even and smooth, without any knots [or inequality of thickness: see samoHN]. (A, TA.) see 1, in two places. ― -b2- tasomiyHu Alr~umoHi means (assumed tropical:) The straightening, or making even, of the spear, (S, K, TA,) so as to render it smooth. (TA. [See 1, last sentence.]) see 1, in six places. see 1, in all but four sentences. see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph: ― -b2- and see also the paragraph here following, in two places. They acted in an easy, or a gentle, manner, one with another. (S, A, K.) ― -b2- [Hence] tasaAmuHN [as a conventional term in lexicology, or in relation to language,] is [A careless, or defective, manner of expression,] when the meaning of a sentence is not known, and, in order to its being understood, requires another word or phrase to be supplied: (KT:) [or the using a careless mode of expression, relying upon the understanding of the reader or hearer; as also ↓ tasam~uHN: or] a deficiency in what a speaker says, relying upon [the knowledge of] the person addressed. (Marginal note in a copy of the KT, subsigned smE [app. to denote that the authority is Isma'eel Hakkee].) [See also tasaAhulN, which is often used as though it were syn. with tasaAmuHN.] ― -b3- The primary meaning of tasaAmuHN and ↓ tasam~uHN is [said to be] The being wide, or ample: whence the phrase fiY AlHaq~i masomaHN [expl. below]. (Msb.) [app. syn. with A^asomaHa, or perhaps a mistranscription for the latter word]: see AinosajaHa. (T, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ samiHN, of which the former is a contraction, (Msb,) [but which is seldom used,] as also ↓ samiyHN and [in an intensive sense] ↓ misomaHN (T, M, TA) and ↓ misomaAHN (T, S, * M, A, * K, * TA) [and ↓ samuwHN, occurring in the K voce naEuwsN, the last three fem. as well as masc.], Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) fem. samoHapN: (T, S, M, A, K:) pl. simaAHN, (Th, T, S, M, A, Msb, K,) applied to women (Th, S, Msb, K) only, (Th, S, K,) or to men and to women, (T, M, TA,) and sumaHaA='u, (T, S, M, A, Msb, K,) applied to a party of people, (S, A,) [i. e.] to men and to women, (T, M, TA,) as though pl. of samiyHN, (S, K,) and masaAmiyHu, (T, S, M, A, K,) applied to men and to women, (T, M, A, *) pl. of misomaAHN, (A,) or as though pl. of misomaAHN. (S, K.) The dim. of samoHN is ↓ sumayoHN and ↓ sumay~iHN; (K;) but the latter is by some disallowed. (TA.) You say also, fulaAnN samoHN lamoHN and lamiyHN ↓ samiyHN [app. meaning Such a one is very liberal, &c.; for in each case the latter epithet is probably an imitative sequent, and therefore a corroborative]. (L.) ― -b2- daAb~apN samoHapN [A beast that is submissive, or easy, or gentle: and probably also quick: see 1]. (A, voce jamoHapN, q. v.) ― -b3- [Hence, app.,] samoHapu is the name of A mare of Jaafar the son of Aboo-Tálib. (K. [See also saboHap.]) ― -b4- And A^um~u samoHapa The she-goat. (T in art. Am.) ― -b5- And qawosN samoHapN (assumed tropical:) A pliant bow. (K, * TA.) ― -b6- And EuwdN samoHN (tropical:) A branch, or rod, that is even and smooth, (A, * Msb, * TA,) without any knot: (A, K, TA:) or of even growth, so that what is between its two extremities is not more slender than its two extremities or than one of them. (AHn, TA.) One says also saAjapN samoHapN (tropical:) [An oblong squared piece, or a board or tablet, of the wood of the sAj (q. v.), that is even and smooth]. (TA.) ― -b7- And mil~apN samoHapN (assumed tropical:) A religion in which is no straitness (K, TA) nor difficulty. (TA.) ― -b8- The saying of 'Omar Ibn-'AbdEl-'Azeez A^a*~ino A^a*aAnFA samoHFA means (assumed tropical:) [Recite thou a call to prayer] without a prolonging of the voice, and trilling, and without modulation. (Mgh.) : see the next preceding paragraph. Tents (buyuwt) made of skins. (Ibn-ElFaraj, K.) : see samoHN, first sentence. : see samoHN, in two places. and sumay~iHN dims of samoHN, q. v. (K.) [More, and most, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous]. See an ex. voce laAfiZo. , (A, Msb, * K, *) Keep thou to the truth, for verily in it is ample scope for avoiding falsity; expl. by mat~asaEFA, (A, Msb, K,) and manoduwHapF Eani AlbaATili. (A, Msb.) : see samoHN, first sentence. : see samoHN, first sentence. smHj , applied to a she-ass and to a mare, (S, O, K,) but not to a male, (AO, S, O,) and sometimes to a she-camel, (TA,) Long in the back; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ simoHaAjN (O, K) and ↓ samoHuwjN: (O:) [see an ex. in a verse cited voce $agaba:] pl. of the last but one, or of the last, not of the first as it is asserted to be by A'Obeyd and by Kr, samaAHiyju: (TA:) and the first, a mare slender in the body, or lean in the belly, but thick in the part between the shoulder and shoulder-blade, (O, K, TA,) having thick and strong flesh: (TA:) applied only to females. (K.) ― -b2- Also, applied to a bow, Long. (O, K.) Length in anything. (T, O, K.) : see samoHajN. : see samoHajN. ― -b2- Also Tall and hateful or hated; (O, K;) applied in this sense to a man. (O.) smHq [The pericranium; i. e.] the thin skin, (T, Mgh, Msb,) or thin integument, (S, Mgh, K,) above the skull: (T, S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and any thin skin resembling that; (Msb;) or [the periosteum of any bone; i. e.] the skin that is between the bone and the flesh, above the bone and beneath the flesh; every bone having what is thus termed: (TA:) [pl. samaAHiyqu. ― -b2- Hence,] one says, EalaY varobi Al$~aApi samaAHiyqu mino $aHomK, (S, K, TA,) i. e. (tropical:) [Upon the fat that covers the stomach and bowels of the sheep or goat is or are] a thin integument [or thin integuments of fat]. (TA.) ― -b3- And samaAHiyqu Als~amaA='i (tropical:) The [strata or] thin portions of cloud. (S, K, TA.) ― -b4- simoHaAqN also signifies [The cicatrix which is] the mark of circumcision. (TA.) ― -b5- And A wound by which the head is broken ($aj~apN [q. v.]) reaching to the thin skin, or integument, thus called. (T, S, Msb, K.) Tall; applied to a palm-tree; (S, O, K;) as also saHuwqN: (S:) or tall and thin: (Lth, TA:) not known to Az on any other authority than that of Lth. (TA.) [J held the m in each of these words, as he says, to be augmentative; and has therefore mentioned them in art. sHq.] smd , (S, M, &c.,) aor. , (M, L,) inf. n. sumuwdN, He (a man, IAar) was, or became, high, or elevated. (IAar, S, M, L, K. [EalA'F in the CK is a mistake for EalA.]) ― -b2- He raised his head; (L; [and the same is implied in the S; see saAmidN;]) and so samida: (M, L:) [and] he raised his head in pride. (S, L, K.) And in the former sense it is said of a camel, in his going along. (Bd in liii. 61.) ― -b3- Also He (a man) stood, raising his head, and with his breast erect; like as the stallion [camel] does when excited by lust: (A:) [for] it is said of a stallion [camel] when thus excited. (L.) ― -b4- And hence, (A,) (tropical:) He sang: (M, A, L:) because the singer raises his head and erects his breast: (A:) but Th says that this is rare: (M:) accord. to I'Ab, sumuwdN signifies the act of singing in the dial. of Himyer. (L.) ― -b5- Also, (M, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) and so the inf. n., (S, M,) (assumed tropical:) He diverted himself, sported, or played. (S, M, K, TA. [For lahiYa in the CK, I read lahaA, as in the M, and in MS. copies of the K, and in the TA; and agreeably with the S, in which the inf. n. is expl. as syn. with lahowN.]) ― -b6- He was, or became, negligent, inattentive, inadvertent, inconsiderate, or heedless; and went away from, or relinquished, or left, a thing. (L.) ― -b7- He was, or became, confounded, perplexed, or amazed, and unable to see his right course; or affected with wonder; or cut short, or silent, being confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. buhita: inf. n. as above: (M:) [or] he stood confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. qaAma mutaHay~irFA. (K. [After this explanation and lahaA immediately following it, it is said in the K, wAls~umuwdu yakuwnu HuzonFA wasurwrFA: meaning that it is by reason of grieving, or mourning, as signifying the “ standing confounded ” &c.; and by reason of rejoicing, or being happy, as signifying the “ diverting oneself ” &c. See as an ex. of its usage in a case of grief the verses which I have cited at the close of the first paragraph of art. rd, and which are cited in the present art. in the L and TA.]) ― -b8- Also He kept constantly, or continually, (M, L,) to an affair, (M,) or upon the ground, or in the land. (L.) ― -b9- He strove laboured, or exerted himself, or he wearied himself, in work, (K, TA,) and in journeying. (TA.) And samadati AlA_ibilu (S, M, K) fiY sayorihaA, (S,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) The camels strove, laboured, or exerted themselves, in their journeying: (S, K:) or knew not fatigue, or weariness. (M.) [See also samodN, (which is likewise, perhaps, an inf. n. of the same verb,) below.] -A2- samadahu, inf. n. samodN, i. q. qaSadahu [He tended, repaired, betook himself, or directed himself or his course or aim, to, or towards, him, or it; or endeavoured to reach, or attain, or obtain, him, or it; &c.]; like Samadahu. (M.) -A3- And samada AlA^aroDa, inf. n. samodN, He made the land, or ground, plain, or smooth, or soft. (M.) , (M, TA,) inf. n. tasomiydN, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He diverted him: (M, TA:) [and in like manner, ↓ Asmdhu; for] one says to a slave-songstress, A^asomidiynaA, [in one of my copies of the S, erroneously, AsomudiynaA,] meaning Divert thou us by singing. (S, O, L, TA.) -A2- sm~d AlA^aroDa, (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, Msb, K,) He manured the land with samaAd [q. v.]: (S, Msb, K:) he dunged, or manured, the land; syn. zab~alahaA. (M. [So in a copy of the M: in the TA zblhA, without teshdeed; and thus only, I believe, correctly; though it is commonly pronounced with teshdeed in the present day.]) -A3- smd $aEarahu, (M,) or Al$~aEara, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He removed utterly his hair, or the hair; (M, K, TA;) taking the whole of it [in shaving]: a dial. var. of sb~d. (TA.) tasomiydu Alr~aA^osi is The removing utterly the hair of the head [by shaving]: a dial. var. of tasobiyd. (S.) ― -b2- And tasomiydN is also used [alone, the objective complement being app. meant to be understood,] as meaning The leaving off, or neglecting, the anointing of oneself [or of one's hair], and washing: and so tasobiydN. (A 'Obeyd, TA in art. sbd.) see 2, first sentence. see Q. Q. 4, in two places. see what next follows. , (S, M, L,) inf. n. Aisomiy^odaAdN, (S,) He, or it, became swollen: (M, L:) or became much swollen: (AZ, M, L:) or he (a man) became swollen with anger; (S, L;) or so ↓ AisomaAd~a, inf. n. AismiydaAdN; and ↓ Aisomad~a, inf. n. AisomidaAdN. (K.) One says, AsmA^d~t yadahu His arm, or hand, became swollen: and AsmA^d~t rijoluhaA Her leg, or foot, became inflated and swollen. (L, TA.) ― -b2- Also, said of anything, It went, or passed, away: or perished; and so ↓ Asmd~. (L, TA.) And AsmA^d~ mina AlgaDabi He perished by reason of anger. (L.) Continuing, or unceasing, journeying. (M, L.) [Perhaps an inf. n.: see samadati AlA_ibilu, and what next precedes it, in the latter part of the first paragraph.] ― -b2- huwa laka samodFA, (K, TA,) or ↓ samadFA, (M,) [in my copy of the Mgh smdFA, and in the O samdFA,] He, or it, is thine ever, or for ever; syn. saromadFA, (Th, M, Mgh, O, K,) and A^abadFA. (Th, M, Mgh.) And laA A^afoEalu *`lika samodFA or ↓ samadFA, (M,) I will not do that ever. (M, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. A compost, or manure, consisting of sirojiyn, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or siroqiyn, (K,) [both meaning dung of beasts, such as horses, camels, sheep and goats, wild oxen, and the like,] with ashes, (S, K,) or with earth or dust: (Mgh, Msb:) or a manure consisting of strong earth. (M.) i. q. Huw~aAraY (A, K) [app. as meaning White, or whitened, flour: but said in the TK to mean fine bread]: accord. to Kr, i. q. TaEaAmN [app. as meaning wheat]; and said by him to be with the unpointed d: (K:) but more chastely, (K,) and better known, (TA,) with *. (K, TA.) [In the present day, applied to Semoulia; a kind of paste made of very fine wheat-flour, reduced to small grains. See also A_isomiydN, below.] Any [man or animal] raising his head [in pride or otherwise]. (S, M, L.) ― -b2- A man standing: (IAar; and so in a copy of the S:) or standing, raising his head, and with his breast erect; (A, IAth;) as the stallion [camel] does when excited by lust. (A.) ― -b3- [And hence, as is indicated in the A, (see 1,)] (assumed tropical:) A singer; or singing. (M, L; and so in two copies of the S.) And the latter is said to be the meaning of the pl. in the Kur liii. 61. (M, L.) ― -b4- [Hence also,] Behaving proudly. (I 'Ab in explanation of the pl. in the Kur liii. 61; and IAar.) ― -b5- Diverting himself; playing; or sporting. (IAar, S, M; and Bd in liii. 61,) ― -b6- Negligent, inattentive, inadvertent, inconsiderate, or heedless. (Lth, IAar A.) Thus the pl. is said by Lth to mean in the Kur liii. 61. (TA.) ― -b7- Standing in a state of confusion, perplexity, or amazement: (Mgh:) and so the pl. is said to mean in the Kur liii. 61: (TA:) or confounded, perplexed, or amazed, by reason of inordinate exultation. (IAar.) ― -b8- And Silent. (So in a copy of the S.) ― -b9- And Grieving, or mourning, and lowly, humble, or submissive. (So, too, in a copy of the S.) ― -b10- In the saying of Ru-beh, (K,) describing camels, (TA,) sawaAmidu All~ayoli xifaAfu AlA^azowaAdo the meaning is, Continuing journeying, (K,) or striving, labouring, or exerting themselves, or wearying themselves, [during the night,] having no fodder in their bellies: (L:) F says that J has erred in saying that the meaning is, “ having no fodder in their bellies: ” but this is the explanation of the words xfAf AlAzwAd, as IM and others have expressly stated; and this necessarily indicates that swAmd has the meaning assigned to it in the K; so that no error is attributable to J in this case: or, as some say, xfAf AlAzwAd means not having upon their backs [much] provision for the riders. (TA.) ― -b11- saAmidN as an epithet applied to a waTob [or skin in which milk is put] means (tropical:) Full, [so as to be] standing upright. (A, TA.) What is called in Persian simidN [app. a mistranscription for $ama*o, i. e. white bread]; an arabicized word: [so says ISd; and he adds,] I know not whether it be the same as samiydN expl. by Kr as signifying TaEaAmN, or not. (M.) i. q. zabiylN [i. e. A basket of palm-leaves; probably one used for carrying samaAd, or manure]: so says Lh; adding that one should not say misomadapN. (M.) smdr accord. to the M and K, Aisomadar~a: and and samaAdiyrN: and : see art. sdr. smdE , (S, K, &c.,) of the measure faEayolalN, (Sb, TA,) so accord. to the grammarians, but Aboo-Usámeh Junádeh El-Azdee says that it is of the measure famayoEalN, from sadoEN as syn. with *aboHN and basoTN, (Sgh, TA,) pronounced by the vulgar sumayodaE, with damm to the s, (IDrst, TA,) which is a mistake, (Th, IDrst, S, K, &c.,) for there is not in the language of the Arabs a noun of the measure fuEayolalN, (IDrst, TA,) A lord, master, chief, prince, or man of rank or quality; ('Eyn, S, O, K;) to which Et-Teiyánee adds, from As, on the authority of Munteji' Ibn-Nebhán, (TA,) of easy nature or disposition, generous, and very hospitable, or in whose vicinity his companion has power or authority or dignity, not being harmed nor inconvenienced; (S, K, TA;) and thus expl. by AHát also; (TA;) generous; noble, or elevated in rank; liberal, bountiful, or munificent: (O, K:) and also (K) courageous: (Lth, K:) and goodly, and stout, bulky, or corpulent: (AZ, EtTeiyánee:) pl. samaAdiEu. (IJ.) ― -b2- The lion. (Ibn-Ed-Dahhán, T, S, O.) ― -b3- And hence, [accord. to SM, but the reverse I think more probable,] (tropical:) A chief, or person of authority. (TA.) ― -b4- The wolf; (En-Nadr, K;) because of his swiftness. (En-Nadr.) ― -b5- And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) A man active, agile, or prompt, in accomplishing his wants. (K, TA.) ― -b6- And A sword. (K.) sm* i. q. samiydN [q. v.]; (K:) [said to be] more chaste than the latter: (K in art. smd:) [but] accord. to Kr, it is with the unpointed d. (M in that art.) smr , (S, M, K,) aor. , (S, M,) inf. n. samorN and sumuwrN, (M, K,) He held a conversation, or discourse, by night: (S:) or he waked; continued awake; did not sleep: (M, K:) and ↓ Asmr may signify the same; or may be of the same class as A^ahozala and A^asomana, and thus signify he had, or came to have, a samar [or conversation, or discourse, by night]. (M.) [See also 3.] ― -b2- samarati AlmaA$iyapu, aor. , inf. n. sumuwrN, (assumed tropical:) The cattle pastured by night without a pastor; or dispersed themselves by night: (M, TA:) [or simply pastured by night; for] one says, A_in~a A_ibilanaA tasomuru, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily our camels pasture by night: (TA:) and samarati AlA_ibilu layolatahaA kul~ahaA (tropical:) The camels pastured during their night, the whole of it. (A.) And samarati AlmaA$iyapu Aln~abaAta (assumed tropical:) The cattle pastured upon the herbage; (M, K;) aor. as above: (M:) [or pastured upon the herbage by night: like as one says,] samara Alxamora (assumed tropical:) He drank mine, or the mine, (K, TA,) by night: (TA:) and baAtuwA yasomuruwna Alxamora (tropical:) They passed, or spent, their night drinking wine, or the wine. (A.) ― -b3- See also samiyrN, in three places. -A2- samura, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ; (K;) and samira, (S, K, in a copy of the M samara,) aor. ; inf. n. of each sumorapN; (K;) and ↓ AsmAr~, (S, M, K,) inf. n. AisomiyraArN; (S;) He, or it, was, or became, [tawny, brownish, dusky, or dark in complexion or colour; i. e.,] of the colour termed sumorap [expl. below]. (S, M, Msb, K.) -A3- smarahu: see 2, first signification. ― -b2- [Hence,] smara Eayonahu i. q. samalahaA, (M, K,) which signifies He put out, or blinded, (faqaA^a,) his eye with a heated iron instrument: (S and Msb in art. sml:) or he put out, or blinded, (kaHala,) his eye with a misomaAr [or nail] (Mgh, Msb, TA) of iron (TA) made hot (Mgh, Msb, TA) in fire: (Msb:) or [simply] he put out, or blinded, his eye; syn. faqaA^ahaA. (K.) -A4- samara All~abana: -A5- and samara somahu: see 2. , (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. tasomiyrN; (S;) and ↓ samarahu, (S, M, Mgh, &c.,) aor. (M, Msb, K) and , (M, K,) inf. n. samorN; (M, Msb;) or the former has an intensive signification; (Msb;) [He nailed it; i. e.] he made it fast, firm, or strong, (M, Mgh, K,) with a nail [or nails]; (S, * M, * Mgh, Msb, K; *) namely, a door [&c.]. (Mgh, Msb.) [See also sarodN.] -A2- sm~r All~abana, (M, TA,) inf. n. tasomiyrN; (S;) and ↓ samarahu, (K, TA,) aor. ; (TA;) He made the milk thin with water; (S;) made it to be what is termed samaAr [q. v.]. (M, K.) -A3- sm~r, inf. n. as above, is also syn. with $am~ara (S, M, K) and A^arosala. (M, K.) You say, sm~r sahomahu He discharged, or shot, his arrow; (M, TA;) as also ↓ samarahu: (K, TA:) or the former, he discharged it, or shot it, hastily; (K;) opposed to xaroqala; for one says, sam~iro faqado A^axoTabaka AlS~ayodu [Discharge, or shoot, thine arrow quickly, for the game has become within thy power], and xaroqilo Hat~aY yuxoTibaka [Discharge, or shoot, deliberately, in order that it may become within thy power]. (IAar, TA.) One says also, sm~r jaAriyatahu He dismissed his female slave, or let her go free. (S and M, from a trad.) A 'Obeyd says that this is the only instance in which sm~r, with s, has been heard [in this sense: but several other instances have been mentioned]. (TA.) You also say, sm~r AlA_ibila He let the camels go, or left them: and he hastened them; syn. kam~a$ahaA; as also ↓ A^asomarahaA; originally with $: (TA:) or he sent them, or left them, to pasture by themselves, without a pastor, by night [which is perhaps the more proper meaning (see 1)] or by day; syn. A^ahomalahaA. (M, TA.) And sm~r Als~afiynapa He sent off, or launched forth, the ship; let it go; or let it take its course. (M, TA.) , (M,) inf. n. musaAmarapN, (S, A,) He held a conversation, or discourse, with him by night. (S, M.) [See also 1, first sentence.] see 1: ― -b2- and samiyrN, in four places: -A2- and see also 2. : see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. Conversation, or discourse, by night; (S, M, K;) as also musaAmarapN. (S, A. *) It is said in a trad., Als~amaru baEoda AlEi$aA='i, or, accord. to one relation, Als~amoru, Conversation or discourse by night is after nightfall. (TA.) And you say, laA A^afoEaluhu Als~amara waAlqamara I will not do it as long as men hold conversation or discourse in a night when the moon shines: (S:) or as long as men hold conversation or discourse by night, and as long as the moon rises: (Lh, M:) or ever. (M.) [See also below. The pl., A^asomaArN, is often used as meaning Tales related in the night, for amusement: but this usage is probably post-classical.] ― -b2- (tropical:) Conversation, or discourse, by day. (TA.) ― -b3- A place in which people hold conversation or discourse by night; or in which they make, or remain awake; (M, K;) as also ↓ sAmirN; (S, * M, K;) which latter is expl. by Lth as signifying a place in which people assemble for conversation or discourse by night. (TA.) ― -b4- A people's assembling and holding conversation or discourse in the dark. (TA.) ― -b5- And hence, (TA,) The dark; or darkness. (As, M, K, TA.) So in the saying Halafa biAls~amari waAlqamari He swore by the darkness and the moon. (As.) ― -b6- Night: (M, K:) you say, A^atayotuhu samarFA I came to him in the night. (A.) ― -b7- A night in which there is no moon: hence the saying laA A^afoEalu *`lika Als~amara waAlqamara I will not do that when the moon does not rise nor when it does rise. (Fr.) [See also above.] ― -b8- The shade of the moon. (M, K.) ― -b9- The light of the moon; moonlight; accord. to some, the primary signification; because they used to converse, or discourse, in it. (TA.) ― -b10- The time of daybreak: you say, Turiqa Alqawomu samarFA The people were come to at daybreak. (AHn, M.) ― -b11- See also samiyrN. A certain kind of tree, (M, K,) well known; (K;) i. q. TaloHN [the gum-acacia-tree; acacia, or mimosa, gummifera]; (Msb;) or [a species] of the TaloH, (S,) of the kind called EiDaAh, (Mgh, Msb,) having small leaves, short thorns, and a yellow fruit (baramap) which men eat: there is no kind of EDAh better in wood: it is transported to the towns and villages, and houses are covered with it: (M:) its produce is [a pod] termed HubolapN [q. v.]: (TA in art. Hbl:) [the mimosa unguis cati of Forskål (Flora Aegypt. Arab., pp. cxxiii. and 176:)] n. un. samurapN: (M, Mgh, Msb, K:) [in the S, samurN is said to be pl. of samurapN: but it is a coll. gen. n.:] the pl. of samurapN is samuraAtN, and A^asomurN, a pl. of pauc., of which the dim. is ↓ A^usayomirN. (S.) It is said in a prov., A^a$obaha $arojN ↓ $arojFA lawo A^an~a A^usayomirFA [Sharj would resemble Sharj if a few gum-acacia-trees were found there: Sharj is a certain valley of El-Yemen: for the origin of this prov., see Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 662]. (S.) yaA A^aSoHaAba Als~amurapi [O people of the gumacacia-tree], in a saying of the Prophet, was addressed to the persons meant in the Kur xlviii. 18. (Mgh.) [A tawny, or brownish, colour, of various shades, like the various hues of wheat; (see A^asomaru;) duskiness; darkness of complexion or colour;] a certain colour, (S, Msb,) well known, (Msb,) between white and black, (M, K,) in men and in camels and in other things that admit of having it, but in camels the term A^udomapN is more common, and accord. to IAar it is in water also; (M;) in men, the same as wuroqapN [in camels]; (IAar, TA;) a colour inclining to a faint blackness; (T, TA;) the colour of what is exposed to the sun, of a person of whom what is concealed by the clothes is white: (IAth:) from samarN signifying the “ shade of the moon. ” (TA.) : see Als~aAmirapu. Camels that eat the tree called samur. (AHn, M, K.) The [demon called] guwl. (Sgh, K.) Thin milk: (S:) milk containing much water: (Th, M, K:) or [diluted] milk of which water composes two thirds: n. un. with p, signifying some thereof. (M.) ― -b2- [See also a tropical usage of this word in a prov. cited voce rabaDN.] -A2- [In the present day it is also applied to A species of rush, growing in the deserts of Lower and Upper Egypt, of which mats are made for covering the floors of rooms; the juncus spinosus of Forskål, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. 75,) who writes its Arabic name “ sammar; ” the juncus acutus β of Linn.] , applied to a she-camel, (K, TA,) Swift: (K:) or generous, excellent, or strong and light, and swift. (TA.) i. q. ↓ musaAmirN; (M, A, K;) i. e. A partner in conversation, or discourse, by night. (TA.) You say, A^anaA samiyruhu and ↓ musaAmiruhu [I am his partner &c.]. (A.) ― -b2- Afterwards used unrestrictedly [as signifying (assumed tropical:) A partner in conversation, or discourse, at any time]. (TA.) ― -b3- [Golius and Freytag add the meaning of A place of nocturnal confabulation; as from the K; a sense in which this word is not there found.] ― -b4- Aibonu samiyrK The night in which is no moon: [contr. of Aibonu vamiyrK:] a poet uses the phrase A@bonu samiyrK ↓ maA A^asomara, meaning As long as the moonless night allows the holding conversation, or discourse, in it. (M. [See also another explanation of this phrase in what follows.]) ― -b5- samiyrN is also syn. with dahorN [as meaning Unlimited time, or time without end]; (Lh, S, M, K;) as also ↓ samarN, (Fr, M, K,) whence the saying fulaAnN Einoda fulaAnK Als~amara Such a one is with, or at the abode of, such a one ever, or always. (M.) Hence, or because people hold conversation, or discourse, in them, (S,) AibonaA samiyrK means The night and the day. (S, M, K.) You say, A@bonaA samiyrK ↓ laA A^afoEaluhu maA samara, (S, K,) and laA A=tiyka Alx, (M,) and A@bonu samiyrK ↓ maA samara, and Als~amiyru ↓ maA samara, (M, K,) and A@bonaA samiyrK ↓ maA A^asomara, and A@bonu ↓ maA A^asomara samiyrK, (Lh, M, K,) and Als~amiyru ↓ maA A^asomara, (K,) i. e. [I will not do it, and I will not come to thee,] ever, (S,) or in all time, (M,) or while night and day alternate. (K.) And laA A^afoEaluhu samiyra All~ayaAliY (S, M) [I will not do it] to the end of the nights. (M.) ― -b6- AibonaA jaAlisK wasamiyrK is expl. by AHeyth, in his handwriting, as meaning Two roads that differ, each from the other. (Az, TA.) A certain kind of ships. (S.) [sumayoriY~N signifies the same, (Golius on the authority of Meyd.,) applied to A single ship of that kind.] ― -b2- IAar mentions the saying, A^aEoTayotuhu sumayoriy~apF mino daraAhima kaA^an~a Ald~uxaAna yaxoruju minohaA, without explaining it: [ISd says,] I think he meant, [I gave him] daraAhim sumor, i. e. dusky dirhems, as though smoke were issuing from them by reason of their duskiness: or dirhems of which the whiteness was fresh. (M.) [The sable; mustela zibellina, or viverra zibellina;] a certain beast, (Mgh, K,) or animal, (Msb,) well known, (Mgh,) found in Russia, beyond the country of the Turks, resembling the ichneumon; in some instances of a glossy black; and in some, of the [reddish] colour termed $uqorap: (Msb, TA:) costly furred garments are made of its skin: (K, TA:) pl. samaAmiyru. (Msb.) ― -b2- Also A jub~ap [or any garment] made with its fur. (TA.) A companion of [or one who habitually indulges in] conversation, or discourse, by night. (M, K.) A man holding, or who holds, a conversation, or discourse, by night: (S:) pl. sum~aArN (S, M, K) and sum~arN. (TA.) It is also a quasi-pl. n., (M, K,) [as such occurring in a verse cited voce murim~N, in art. rm,] and is syn. [as such] with sum~aArN, signifying persons holding, or who hold, conversation, or discourse, by night: (S, M:) or persons waking, continuing awake, not sleeping; as also ↓ saAmirapN [a fem. sing., and therefore applicable as an epithet to a broken pl. and to a quasi-pl. n. and to a coll. gen. n.]: (M, K:) saAmirN is a pl. [or rather quasi-pl. n.] applicable to males and to females: (T, TA:) or it is a sing., and, like other sings., is used as a qualificative of a pl. only when the latter is determinate; as in the phrase tarakotuhumo saAmirFA [I left them holding a conversation & c.]. (Lh, M.) ― -b2- Also A camel pasturing by night. (TA.) ― -b3- See also samarN. : see saAmirN. -A2- Als~aAmirapu (M, Msb, K) and ↓ Als~amarapu (TA) [The Samaritans; a people said to be] one of the tribes of the Children of Israel; (M;) or a sect, (Msb,) or people, (K,) of the Jews, differing from them (Msb, K) in most, (Msb,) or in some, (K,) of their institutes: (Msb, K:) Zj says, they remain to this time in Syria, and are known by the appellation of ↓ Als~aAmiriy~uwna: (M:) most of them are in the mountain of n-Nábulus: (TA:) ↓ saAmiriY~N is the rel. n. of Als~aAmirapu. (M, Msb, K.) , and its pl.: see the next preceding paragraph. [Tawny, or brownish; dusky; dark-complexioned or dark-coloured;] of the colour termed sumorapN [q. v.]: (S, M, K, & c.:) fem samoraA='u: (Msb, & c.:) and pl. sumorN. (A.) You say baEiyrN A^asomaru A camel of a white colour inclining to $uhobap [which is a hue wherein whiteness predominates over blackness]. (M.) And qanaApN samoraA='u [A tawny spearshaft]. (M.) And HinoTapN samoraA='u [Tawny wheat]. (M.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Als~amoraA='u Wheat: (S, Msb, K:) because of its colour. (Msb.) And AlA^asomaraAni Wheat and water: (AO, S, K:) or water and the spear. (S, K.) ― -b3- AlA^asomaru, also, signifies Milk: (M:) or milk of the gazelle: (IAar, M, K:) app. because of its colour. (M.) ― -b4- And [for the same reason] Als~amoraA='u signifies also Coarse flour, or flour of the third quality, full of bran; syn. xu$okaArN. (K.) You say Als~amoraA='u Bread made of such flour. (L in art. xubozu Als~amoraA='i.) ― -b5- And The [kind of milking-vessel called] xrj. (Sgh, K.) ― -b6- And EaAmN A^asomaru (assumed tropical:) A year of drought, in which is no rain. (M.) dim. of A^asomurN: see samurN, in two places. A nail; a pin, or peg, of iron; (Mgh;) a certain thing of iron; (S, K) a thing with which one makes fast, firm, or strong: (M, K:) pl. masaAmiyru. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- Also, (K, TA,) or misoamAruA_ibilK, (A, O,) (tropical:) A good manager of camels; (A, O, K, TA;) a skilful, good pastor thereof. (A.) Nailed; made fast, firm, or strong, with a nail [or nails]. (S, * Mgh.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A man, (TA,) having little flesh, strongly knit in the bones and sinews. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And, with p, (tropical:) A woman, (M,) or girl, or young woman, (A, O, K,) compact, or firm, in body, (M, A, O, K,) not flabby in flesh. (M, O, K.) -A2- Eayo$N masomuwrN (tropical:) A turbid life: (M, O, * K, * TA:) from samaArN applied to milk. (M, TA.) : see samiyrN, in two places. syrj [inf. n. of samoraja] The collecting of the [tax called] xaraAj: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) [and the giving, or paying, thereof: for] one says, samorijo lahu, meaning Give thou to him [the tax so called]. (ISh, O, K. [It seems to be intentionally indicated in the O and K, by what immediately precedes the explanation of this phrase, which explanation is A^aEoTihi, that AlxaraAja is to be understood after it.]) [written without any syll. signs, and therefore probably samorajo,] sing. of samaAriju, (TA,) which signifies Even, or plain, places [or tracts] of land. (T, * Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA. *) and ↓ samar~ajapN, (S, O, K,) each a Pers. word arabicized, (S, O,) [or rather a compound of the Pers. siho “ three ” and the Arabic mar~aho for mar~ap “ a time, ”] The levying of the [tax called] xaraAj at three several times [or instalments]: (S, O, K:) or the name of the day on which payment of the xaraAj is received; (K;) thus the former word is expl. by ISh; (O;) the day of the collecting of the xrAj; (Ibn-'Abbád, ISd, O, TA;) a day when the foreigners, or Persians, (AlEajam) levy the xrAj at three several times [or instalments]: also mentioned as written with $. (TA.) : see the next preceding parapraph. sms : see art. sm. smsr , inf. n. samosarapN, He acted as a simosaAr [q. v.]. (K.) A broker; or one who acts as an intermediary between the seller and the buyer, (Lth, Mgh, K,) for effecting the sale; whom people call dal~aAlN, because he directs the purchaser to the merchandise, and the seller to the price: (TA:) pl. samaAsirapN: (Mgh, K:) a Pers. word, arabicized: (Lth, Mgh:) or one who sells wheat to the people: (M, TA:) or (TA, in the K “ and ”) the possessor of a thing: (K:) or (TA, in the K “ and ”) one who has the care of a thing. (K.) ― -b2- (tropical:) A messenger, or mediator, (safiyrN,) between two lovers or friends. (K.) ― -b3- simosaAru AlA^aroDi (tropical:) He who is acquainted with the land, or country; (K;) an acute scrutinizer of its circumstances: (TA:) fem. with p. (K.) ― -b4- huwa A@bonu simosaArihaA [app. means (assumed tropical:) He is the careful and skilful manager of it]. (Fr, TA voce HilsN.) smT , and , and , (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. samoTN, (S, M, Msb,) namely, a kid, (S, M, Msb, K,) and a lamb, (M,) He removed its hair, (Msb,) or wool, (K,) or cleansed it of the hair, [or wool,] (S,) by means of hot water; (S, Msb, K;) in order to roast it; (S;) or it is generally done for this purpose: (TA:) or he plucked from it the [hair, or] wool, after putting it into hot water. (A.) ― -b2- [And It scalded it: for] you say, of boiling water, yasomuTu Al$~aYo'a [it scalds the thing]. (TA.) -A2- samaTahu, (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (M,) also signifies He hung it; suspended it; namely, a thing; (M, K;) as also ↓ sm~Thu, inf. n. tasomiyTN: (TA:) or the latter, he hung it, or suspended it, upon, (S, K,) or by means of, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) sumuwT, (S, K,) meaning thongs, or straps. (TA.) And Al*~iroEa ↓ sm~T, (M,) inf. n. tasomiyTN, (TA,) He hung the coat of mail upon the hinder part of his horse. (M.) see 1, in two places. ― -b2- sam~aTotu Al$~aYo'a, inf. n. tasomiytN, also signifies I kept, or clave, to the thing: hence a verse cited voce dariynN. (TA in art. drn.) It (a thing, TA) was, or became, hung, or suspended. (K.) A thread, or string, having upon it beads (S, Mgh) or pearls; (Mgh;) otherwise it is called silokN: (S, Mgh:) a string of beads or the like; (M, K;) so called because it is hung, or suspended; (M;) a single string thereof; like yako rasano [in Persian]; a necklace of two strings thereof being called *aAtu simoTayoni: (IDrd:) or it signifies, (M,) or signifies also, (K,) a necklace longer than the mixonaqap: (IDrd, M, K:) or [simply] a necklace: (Msb:) pl. sumuwTN: (M, K:) which also signifies the things that are suspended (maEaAliyqu) from necklaces. (TA.) ― -b2- A thong, or strap, that is suspended from the horse's saddle; (S, K;) sing. of sumuwTN. (S.) ― -b3- The redundant part of the turban, which is left hanging down upon the breast and the shoulder-blades: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) ― -b4- A coat of mail which the horseman hangs upon the hinder part of his horse. (M, K.) ― -b5- (tropical:) A trail, or long and elevated tract, (Habol,) of sand, (K, TA,) regularly disposed, as though it were a necklace. (TA.) -A2- See also sumuTN, in two places. , (M, K,) and ↓ samiyTN, (S, M, K,) and ↓ A^asomaATN, (M, K,) which last is pl. of samiyTN, (TA,) A sandal, or sole, that is of a single piece [of leather, not of two or more pieces sewed together, one upon another], (TaAqN waAHidN, S, TA,) in which is no patch: (S, M, K:) or the last, (S,) or all, (M,) not having a second piece sewed on to it; (AZ, S, M;) as also ↓ simoTN. (So in the K, voce farodN.) ― -b2- [vawobN sumuTN (the latter word occurring twice in art. ljf in the TA, and there opposed to mubaT~anN, and said to be masc. and fem.,) i. q.] ↓ vawobN simoTN A garment having no lining; [either] a TayolasaAn, or such as is of cotton: (ISh, K:) but one does not say kisaA='N simoTN nor miloHafapN simoTN, because such are not [ever] lined: (ISh:) or [accord. to some] simoTN signifies a garment that is lined below; expl. by saying, A^awi Als~imoTu mina Alv~iyaAbi maA Zuh~ira mino taHotu, (K, TA, [in the CK, and in a MS. copy of the K, for Zuh~ira, we find Zahara,]) i. e. juEila lahu ZahorN: (TA:) [but I think that Zahara is undoubtedly the right reading; and that simoTN means any portion that appears of a garment worn beneath a shorter garment:] see sanadN, last sentence. ― -b3- ↓ saraAwiylu A^asomaATN Trousers, or drawers, not stuffed: (M, K:) i. e., (K,) or, as Th says, (M,) of single cloth, TaAqN waAHidN. (M, K.) ― -b4- naAqapN sumuTN, (Kr, M, K,) and ↓ A^asomaATN, (K,) A she-camel without any brand, or mark made by a hot iron. (Kr, M, K.) -A2- sumuTN is also a pl. of simaATN [q. v.]. (K.) A rank of people: (M, K:) or a side, or lateral part or portion: (Msb:) each of the two sides, or lateral portions, of men, and of palmtrees. (S, Msb.) You say, qaAma bayona Als~imaATayoni He stood between the two ranks. (TA.) And qaAma Alqawoma Hawolahu simaATayoni The people stood around him in two ranks. (TA.) And humo EalaY simaATK waAHidK They are according to one order. (K.) And ma$aY bayona Als~imaATayoni He walked between the two sides. (S, Msb.) And xu*uwA simaATaYi AlT~ariY~i Take ye the two sides of the fresh, or moist. (TA.) And AijoEali AlA^amora simaATFA waAHidFA Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. bA^j.) ― -b2- The part of a valley which is between the upper extremity and the lower: (M, K:) pl. sumuTN. (K) ― -b3- simaATu AlT~aEaAmi The thing upon which food is spread: (K:) pronounced by the vulgar sumaAT: [and applied by them to such as is long, prepared for a large company of people:] pl. A^asomiTapN [a pl. of pauc.] and simaATaAtN. (TA.) and ↓ masomuwTN, applied to a kid, (S, M, Msb, K,) and to a lamb, (M,) Of which the hair, (Msb,) or wool, (K,) has been removed, (Msb, K,) or cleansed of its hair [or wool], (S,) by means of hot water; (S, Msb, K;) in order to its being roasted: (S:) or of which the [hair or] wool has been plucked off from it, after its having been put into hot water: (M:) or the former, plucked of its [hair or] wool, and then roasted with its skin: (Lth:) and a roasted sheep or goat: the former word of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN. (TA.) -A2- See also samiyTN, and its pl. A^asomaATN, voce sumuTN; the pl. in three places. Boiling water, that scalds (yasomuTu) a thing. (TA.) -A2- Hanging a thing by a rope behind him; from Als~umuwTu [pl. of Als~imoTu]. (TA.) : see samiyTN. smE , (S, Msb, K, *) aor. , (K,) inf. n. samoEN (S Msb, K) and simoEN, or this latter is a simple subst., (Lh, K,) and samaAEN, (S, K,) or this last [also] is a simple subst., (Msb,) and samaAEapN and samaAEiyapN (K) and masomaEN, (TA,) [He heard it, (namely, a thing, as in the S,) or (tropical:) him;] and ↓ tsm~E, (Msb, K,) also written and pronounced Ais~am~aEa; (K, TA;) and ↓ AstmE; (Msb;) are syn. with samiEa (Msb,K) as trans. By itself; (Msb;) and AstmE [also] in sys. With samiEa [ as trans. by itself]: (Ham p. 694, where occurs a usage of its act. part. n. showing the verb to be trans. by itself:) or ↓ AstmE denotes what is intentional, signifying only he gave ear, hearkened, or listened: but samiEa, [as also ↓ tmsm~E and ↓ AstsmE,] what is unintentional, as well as what is intentional. (Msb.) You say, samiEa Al$~aYo'a [He heard or listened to, the thing] (S.) And AlS~awota ↓ tsm~E [He listened to, or heard, the sound]. (TA.) [And samiEotu lahu SawotFA I heard him, or it, utter, or produce, a sound; lit. I heard a sound attributable to him, or it. And samiEahu minohu He heard it form him. And samiEahu Eanohu He heard it as related from him; he heard it on his authority. And samiEahu yaquwlu ka*aA He heard him say such a thing.] And samiEa bihi [He heard of it; for samiEa Alt~akal~uma bihi, or the like]. (Kur xii. 31 and xxviii. 36 and xxxviii. 6, S, K, TA.) [When trans. by means of li alone, or A_ilaY, it denotes what is intentional.] You say, samiEotu lahu, (S, Msb, TA,) and A_ilayohi, (S, TA,) meaning I gave ear, hearkened, or listened, to him, or it; (S, Msb, * TA;) and lh ↓ tsm~Et (Msb,) or Alyh, and Ais~am~aEotu, (S, TA,) signify the same; (S, Msb, TA;) and so lh ↓ AstmEt, (S, Msb, K,) and Alyh. (K.) It is said in the Kur [xxxvii. 8], accord. to different readings, laA yasomaEuwna A_ilaY AlmalaA_i AlA^aEolaY, and ↓ laA yas~am~aEuwna, They shall not listen [to the archangels]: (S:) or the former has this signification, they shall not listen to the angels (Bd, Jel) in heaven, (Jel,) or the exalted angels: (Bd:) and ↓ the latter, they shall not seek, or endeavour, to listen &c. (Bd.) And in the same [xvii. 50], ↓ naHonu A^aEolamu bimaA yasotamiEuwna bihi A_i*o yasotamiEuwna A_ilayoka [We are cognizant of that on account of which they hearken when they hearken to thee]; bh meaning bisababihi, (Bd, Jel,) and liA^ajolihi, (Bd,) alluding to scoffing, or derision. (Bd, Jel.) [For various usages of samoEN and other inf. ns., whether employed as inf. ns. or as simple substs., see those words below.] ― -b2- It also signifies He understood it; (TA;) he understood its meaning; i. e., the meaning of a person's speech. (Msb.) You say, lamo tasomaEo maA qulotu laka Thou didst not understand what I said to thee. (TA.) And such is the most obvious meaning of the verb in the saying, A_ino kaAna yasomaEu AlxaTiyba [If he understand the words of the preacher]; for this is the proper meaning in this case: but it may be rendered tropically, (tropical:) if he hear the voice of the preacher. (Msb.) ― -b3- Also He knew it: as in the saying, samiEa A@ll~`hu qawolaka [God knew thy saying]. (Msb.) ― -b4- Also (assumed tropical:) He accepted it; namely, evidence, and praise: or, said of the latter, (assumed tropical:) he recompensed it by acceptance: (Msb:) (tropical:) he paid regard to it, and answered it; namely, prayer: (tropical:) he answered, or assented to, or complied with, it; namely, a person's speech. (TA.) The saying samiEa A@ll~`hu limano Hamidahu means May God accept the praise of him who praiseth Him: or, accord. to IAmb, may God recompense by acceptance the praise of him who praiseth Him: (Msb:) or may God answer the prayer of him who praiseth Him. (TA, as on the authority of IAmb.) ― -b5- Also (assumed tropical:) He obeyed him: as in the saying in the Kur [xxxvi. 24], A_in~iY A=manotu birab~ikumo faA@somaEuwni (assumed tropical:) [Verily I believe in your Lord, and do ye obey me]. (TA.) ― -b6- Lth says that the phrase samiEato A^u*uniY zayodFA yafoEalu ka*aA waka*aA means (assumed tropical:) My eye saw Zeyd doing such and such things: but Az says, I know not whence Lth brought this; for it is not of the way of the Arabs to say smEt A*nY as meaning my eye saw: it is in my judgment corrupt language, and I am not sure but that it may have been originated by those addicted to innovations and erroneous opinions. (TA.) [inf. n of sm~E, as also tasomiEapN, q. v. infrà, voce sumoEapN,] is syn. with ↓ A_isomaAEN [The making one to hear]. (K.) You say, sm~Ehu AlS~awota and ↓ AsmEhu [He made him to hear the sound]. (S.) And sm~Ehu AlHadiyva (TA) and ↓ AsmEhu (S, TA) [He made him to hear the narra- tive]; both signifying the same. (TA.) [And sm~E bihi He made to hear of it, or him.] It is said in a trad., mano sam~aEa Aln~aAsa biEamalihi sam~aEa A@ll~`hu bihi A^asaAmiEa xaloqihi waHaq~arahu waSag~arahu (S, * Mgh, TA) [Whoso maketh men to hear of his deed,] God will make the ears of his creatures to hear of him on the day of resurrection; (TA;) or whoso maketh his deed notorious, that men may see it and hear of it, God will make notorious his hypocrisy, and fill with it the ears of his creatures, and they shall be generally acquainted with it, [and He will render him contemptible, and small in estimation,] so that he will become disgraced; (Mgh;) or the meaning may be, God will manifest to men his internal state, and fill their ears with the evilness of his secret intentions, in requital of his deed: or, as some relate it, [for A^asaAmiEa xaloqihi] we should say, saAmiEu xaloqihi, which is an epithet applied to God; so that the meaning is, Go [the Hearer of his creatures] will disgrace him: (TA:) [for] ― -b2- sm~E bh, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. tasomiyEN, (S, Mgh, K,) signifies [also] He rendered him, or it, notorious, and infamous: (S, Mgh, K: *) or he spread it abroad, for men to speak of it. (Msb.) ― -b3- Also He raised him from obscurity to fame. (S, K. *) ― -b4- And He made him to hear what was bad, evil, abominable, or foul, and he reviled him: (AZ, T and L in art. nd:) and ↓ AsmEhu [also] has the latter of these two significations. (S, K.) , inf. n. A_isomaAEN: see 2, in four places. ― -b2- He told him [a thing]. (Msb) ― -b3- He made him to understand: the verb being used in this sense in the Kur [viii. 23], lawoEalima A@ll~`hu fiyhimo xayorFA laA^asomaEahumo [Had God known any good in them, He had made them to understand]. (TA.) ― -b4- A^asomaEaka A@ll~`hu May God not make thee to be deaf. (TA.) ― -b5- A^asomaEato She sang. (TA.) One says to a female singer, A^asomiEiynaA Sing thou to us: thus used in a verse of Tarafeh. (TA.) ― -b6- A^asomaEota Thou hast said a saying that ought to be heard and followed. (Har p. 398.) -A2- AsmE Ald~alowa (tropical:) He made, or put, a misomaE [q. v.] to the bucket. (S, K, TA.) And in like manner, AsmE Alz~inobiyla (K) (tropical:) He made, or put, what are termed misomaEaAni to the basket. (TA.) -A3- A^asomiEo bihimo waA^aboSiro; and A^aboSiro bihi waA^asomiEo; see art. bSr. , also written and pronounced Ais~am~aEa: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in six places. (S, K) The people heard of it, [or him,] one from another: (PS, TK:) [or the people heard one another talk of it, or him:] or it, or he, became notorious among the people. (TA.) ― -b2- tsAmE also signifies He feigned himself hearing. (KL.) see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in four places. see 1, in the first sentence, in two places. inf. n. of samiEa, (S, Msb, K,) like ↓ samaAEN, (S, K,) [&c.,] or the latter is a simple subst. [used in the abstract sense of the former]. (Msb.) You say, samoEFA waTaAEapF, [for A^asomaEu samoEFA waA^uTiyEu TaAEapF, an emphatic mode of expression, meaning I hear and I obey, or for samiEotu samoEFA waA^aTaEotu TaAEapF, which means the same, but more emphatically; TaAEapF being a quasi-inf. n. for A_iTaAEapF;] the verb [of each] being understood: and samoEN waTaAEapN, meaning A^amoriY *`lika [i. e. A^amoriY samoEN waTaAEapN My affair is hearing and obeying]. (K.) You say also, [in like manner,] Aall~`hum~a samoEFA laA balogFA, (K,) and samoEN laA balogN: (TA:) see simoEN. And samoEu A^u*uniY fulaAnFA yaquwla *`lika, (K,) [said to be] the only instance of the kind among inf. ns. of trans. verbs except raA^oYu EayoniY, (TA in art. rA^Y,) [in a copy of the M, in art. rA^Y, written samoEa A*nY and raA^oYa EynY,] and A*nY ↓ simoEu, and A*nY ↓ samoEapu, and A*nY ↓ simoEapu [My ear heard (lit. my ear's hearing) such a one say that]. (K) ― -b2- [As a simple subst., it signifies] The sense of the ear; (K;) [i. e., of hearing;] the faculty in the ear whereby it perceives sounds. (TA.) Thus in the Kur [1. 36], A^awo A^aloqaY Als~amoEu, (TA,) meaning, Or who hearkeneth. (Bd, Jel.) [And hence,] A^um~u Als~amoEi The brain; (Z, O, K;) as also ↓ A^um~u Als~amiyEi. (O, K.) One says, Darabahu EalaY A^um~i Als~amoEi [He struck him upon the brain]. (TA.) ― -b3- [It is also used for the inf. n. of A^asomaEa. Hence] one says, qaAluwA *`lika samoEa A^u*uniY, and in like manner, A*nY ↓ simoEa, and A*nY ↓ samaAEa, and A*nY ↓ samaAEapa, i. e. A_isomaAEahaA [They said that making my ear to hear]: (K:) and one may say, samoEFA [making to hear]: this latter one says when he does not particularize himself. (Sb, K.) And ↓ kal~amahu simoEahumo, with kesr, meaning, [He spoke to him making them to hear, or] so that they heard. (TA.) And a poet says, A@ll~`hi waAlEulamaA='i A^an~iY ↓ samaAEa A^aEuw*u bixayori xaAlika yaAA@bona Eamoriw [Making God and the learned men to hear that I seek protection by the goodness of thy maternal uncle, O son of 'Amr; or A^aEuw*u biHaqowi xaAlika, i. e. I have recourse for protection to thy maternal uncle; thus in the TA in art. Hqw;] using the subst. in the place of the inf. n., as though he said A_isomaAEFA Ean~iY. (TA.) One says also, A^axa*otu *`lika Eanohu samoEFA, and in like manner, ↓ samaAEFA, [i. e. I received that from him by being made to hear, which virtually means, by hearsay, or hearing it from him,] making the inf. n. [in each case] to be of a different form from that of the verb to which it belongs [in respect of signification; i. e., using an inf. n. of samiEa for that of A^asomaEa]. (K, * TA.) [See also sumoEapN.] ― -b4- It also signifies The ear; (S, * Mgh, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ misomaEN, (S, Msb, K, TA,) because it is the instrument of hearing, (TA,) and ↓ masomaEN, [because it is the place thereof,] (Aboo-Jebeleh, TA,) and ↓ saAmiEapN; (S, K;) or ↓ misomaEN signifies the ear-hole; (TA;) and so ↓ masomaEN, and ↓ musotamaEN: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and samoEN is also used as a pl., (S, K,) being originally an inf. n.; but sometimes (S) it has for its pl. A^asomaAEN (S, Msb, K) and A^asomuEN, (Mgh, O, K,) a pl. of pauc., (TA,) [as is also the former,] and A^asaAmiEu is a pl. pl., (S, Mgh, O, K,) i. e. pl. of A^asomaAEN, (S,) or of A^asomuEN: (Mgh, O:) [for an ex. of the pl. pl., see 2:] the pl. of ↓ misomaEN is masaAmiEu; (Msb, K;) or this may be an irreg. pl. of samoEN, like as ma$aAbihu is of $abahN. (Sgh, TA.) You say, samoEuka A_ilaY~a i. e. [Incline thine ear to me; or] hear thou from me. (S, K.) And Taraqa AlkalaAmu Als~amoEu [The speech struck the ear]. (Msb.) samoEN is used as a pl. in the Kur [ii. 6], where it is said, xatama A@ll~`hu EalaY quluwbihimo waEalaY samiEohimo [God hath set a seal upon their hearts and upon their ears]. (S.) One also says, ↓ fulaAnN EaZiymu AlmisomaEayoni Such a one is great in the ears. (S.) The phrase huwa bayona samoEi AlA^aroDi wabaSarihaA means (assumed tropical:) It is not known whither he has repaired: (AZ, K:) or he is between the ears of the people of the land and their eyes, [so that they neither hear him nor see him,] the prefixed noun A^ahol being suppressed: (AO, K, * TA:) or (assumed tropical:) in a void land, wherein is no one; (ISk, K;) i. e., none hears his speech, nor does any see him, except [the wild animals of] the desert land: (K:) or (tropical:) between the length and breadth of the land. (K, TA.) You say also, A^aloqaY nafosahu bayona samoEi AlA^aroDi wabaSarihaA (assumed tropical:) He exposed himself to perdition, or imperilled himself, and cast himself no one knew where: (IAar, Th:) or (assumed tropical:) he cast himself where no voice of man was heard, nor eye of man seen. (K, * TA.) ― -b5- Also What rests in the ear, of a thing which one hears. (L, K.) ― -b6- See also simoEN, in three places, beside the two places before referred to. i. q. samoEN, either as an inf. n. or as a a simple subst. (Lh, K.) You say, Aall~`hum~a simoEFA laA bilogFA, (S, K,) and laA balogFA ↓ samoEFA, (K,) and simoEN laA bilogN, and laA balogN ↓ samoEN, (TA,) a form of prayer, (K,) meaning O God, may it be heard of but not fulfilled: (S, K:) or may it be heard but not come to: or may it be heard but not need to be come to: or it is said by him who hears tidings not pleasing to him: (K:) Ks says that it means I hear of calamities but may they not come to me. (TA.) You say also, simoEu A^u*uniY fulaAnFA yaquwlu *`lika: see samoEN. ― -b2- Also i. q. A_isomaAEN: so in the phrase qaAluwA *`lika simoEa A^u*uniY: (K:) and in the phrase kal~amahu simoEahumo: (TA:) both explained above: see samoEN. ― -b3- Also Mention, fame, report, that is heard; as also ↓ samoEN, and ↓ samaAEN: (K:) fame, or good report; (S, Msb, K, TA;) and so ↓ samoEN and ↓ samaAEN. (TA.) You say, *ahaba simoEuhu fiY Aln~aAsi His fame, or good report, went among mankind. (S.) And the Arabs say, A@ll~`hi ↓ laA wasamoEi [or wasimoEi All~`h,] meaning laA wa *ikori A@ll~`hi [No, by the glory of God]. (TA.) ― -b4- [It is also used as an epithet: thus,] rajulN simoEN means yusam~iEu [A man who makes others to hear of him]: or one says, h`*aA A@moruw^N *uw simoEK, and ↓ *uwsamaAEK, [This is a man of fame, or notoriety], (K,) whether good or bad. (Lh, TA.) -A2- Also A certain mongrel beast of prey, (S,) the offspring of the wolf, begotten from the hyena: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) fem. with p: they assert that it does not die a natural death, like the serpent, (K, TA,) but by some accident that befalls it, not knowing diseases and maladies; and that it is unequalled by any other animal in running, (TA,) its running being quicker than [the flight of] the bird; and its leap exceeding thirty cubits, (K, TA,) or twenty. (TA.) It is said in a prov., mina Als~imoEi AlA^azal~i ↓ A^asomaEu [More quick of hearing than the smE that is lean in the buttocks and thighs; or than the light, or active, smE]: and sometimes they said A^asomaEu mino simoEK [more quick of hearing than a smE]. (S.) A single hearing, or hearkening, or listening. (K.) ― -b2- samoEapu A^u*uniY fulaAnFA yaquwlu *`lika: see samoEN. ― -b3- See also sumoEapN. -A2- A^u*unN samoEapN: see saAmiEN. is syn. with tasomiyEN, like as suxorapN is with tasoxiyrN. (TA.) You say, faEalahu riy^aA='F wasumoEapF He did it [to make men to see it and hear of it, or] in order that men might see it and hear of it. (S.) And maAfaEalahu riy^aA='F walaAsumoEapF, and ↓ samoEapF, and ↓ samaEapF, He did it not making it notorious so as to make [men] to see and to hear [it]. (K.) And faEalotuhu ↓ tasomiEataka, and tasomiEapF laka, I did it in order that thou mightest hear it. (AZ, K.) [See also samoEN, where similar phrases are mentioned and explained.] ― -b2- Als~umoEapu, also, signifies What is heard, of fame, or report, &c.: (Har p. 34:) and [particularly] good report. (Id. p. 196.) A mode, or manner, of hearing, hearkening, or listening. (K.) You say, samiEotuhu simoEapF HasanapF [I heard it with a good manner of hearing]. (TA.) ― -b2- simoEapu A^u*uniY fulaAnFA yaquwlu *`lika: see samoEN. : see sumoEapN. -A2- A^u*unN samaEapN: see saAmiEN. : see saAmiEN. , and simoEan~apN niZoran~apN, (S, K,) the former accord. to AZ, the latter accord. to ElAh, (S,) and simoEin~apN niZorin~apN, (K,) or the second and third are without teshdeed, and mentioned by Yaakoob also, (TA in art. nZr, [but this, I think, is a mistake,]) applied to a woman, Who listens, or hearkens, and endeavours to see, and, not seeing nor hearing anything, thinks it, or opines it: (S, * K, * [the latter in art. nZr,] and TA:) and one also applies to her the epithet simoEanapN, meaning who listens, or hearkens, and does so much, or habitually. (K.) (of the measure faEaloEalN, S) Small in the head, (S, K,) and in the body; for Aw All~iHoyapi in the K is a mistranscription for waAljuv~api: (TA:) cunning, or very cunning: (K, TA:) light of flesh, quick in work, wicked, and clever: (TA:) or [simply] light and quick: and applied as an epithet to a wolf. (K.) ― -b2- Also A woman that grins and frowns in thy face when thou enterest, and wails after thee when thou goest forth. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- And A tall and slender man: (K, TA:) fem. in this sense with p. (TA.) ― -b4- And A wicked, deceitful, or crafty, devil. (TA.) [an imperative verbal n.] Hear thou: (S, K:) like daraAki and manaAEi, meaning A^adoriko and AimonaEo. (S.) : see its syn. samoEN; first sentence. ― -b2- Also syn. with A_isomaAEN, as in three exs. expl. above; see samoEN, in the middle portion of the paragraph. ― -b3- Also [an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n., meaning What has been heard, or heard of:] a thing that one has heard of, and that has become current, and talked of. (TA.) [Hence, used in lexicology and grammar as meaning What has been received by hearsay; i. e. what is established by received usage: as in the phrase, maqoSuwrN EalaY Als~amaAEi restricted to what has been received by hearsay; &c.: and in the phrase $aA*~N fiY Als~amaAEi deviating from the constant course of speech with respect to what has been receeived by hearsay; &c.; which virtually means deviating from what is established by received usage: “ what has been received by hearsay ” always meaning “ what has been heard, either immediately or mediately, from one or more of the Arabs of the classical times. ”] ― -b4- [Also What is heard, or being heard, of discourse, or narration, and of matters of science. See an ex. voce muri*~N, in art. r*.] ― -b5- And [hence,] Singing, or song; and any [musical performance whether vocal or instrumental or both combined, or any other] pleasant sound in which the ears take delight: as in the saying, baAta fiY lahowK wasamaAEK [He passed the night in the enjoyment of diversion and singing, &c.]. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce mu$aArN, in art. $wr.] ― -b6- See also simoEN, in three places. : see saAmiEN, in two places. : see saAmiEN, in six places. ― -b2- It is also syn. with musomiEN [Making to hear; &c.]. (S, K.) Az remarks its being wonderful that persons should explain it as having this meaning in order to avoid the assigning to God the attribute of hearing, since that attribute is assigned to Him in more than one place in the Kur-án, though his hearing is not like the hearing of his creatures: he, however, adds, I do not deny that, in the language of the Arabs, smyE may be syn. with saAmiEN or musomiEN; but it is mostly syn. with saAmiEN, like as EaliymN is with EaAlimN, and qadiyrN with qaAdirN. (TA.) ― -b3- Also [Made to hear; or] told; applied to a man. (Msb.) ― -b4- A^um~u Als~amiyEi: see samoEN. -A2- Als~amiyEaAni Two long pieces of wood [fixed] in the yoke with which the bull is yoked for ploughing the land. (Lth, TA.) an inf. n. of samEa. (K.) ― -b2- And i. q. A_isomaAEN, whence a phrase expl. above: see samoEN. [ , in lexicology and grammar, applied to a word &c., means Relating, or belonging, to what has been received by hearsay; i. e., to what is established by received usage. See samaAEN.] Light, active, or agile: and applied as an epithet to a guwl. (K.) One who hearkens, or listens, much to what is said, and utters it. (TA.) [Its primary signification is simply One who hears, hearkens, or listens, much, or habitually: and it signifies also quick of hearing.] See also saAmiEN. ― -b2- A spy, who searches for information, and brings it. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Obedient. (TA.) and ↓ samiyEN are syn.; [signifying Hearing; and hearkening, or listening;] (Az, S, Msb, K;) like EaAlimN and EaliymN, and qaAdirN and qadiyrN. (Az, TA.) [↓ Als~amiyEu, applied to God, signifies He whose hearing comprehends everything; who hears everything. (TA.) And [hence, also,] ↓ this same epithet is applied to The lion that hears the faint sound (K, TA) of man and of the prey (TA) from afar. (K, TA.) You say also, A^u*unN saAmiEapN, and ↓ samiyEapN, and ↓ samiyEN, and ↓ samoEapN, and ↓ samaEapN, and ↓ samiEapN, and ↓ sam~aAEapN, and ↓ samuwEN: [the first signifying A hearing, or a hearkening or listening, ear: and the last two, and app. all but the first, an ear that hears, or hearkens or listens, much; or that is quick of hearing:] the pl. of ↓ the last is sumuEN. (K.) fem. of saAmiEN [q. v.]. ― -b2- [It is also used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant]: see samoEN, in the latter half of the paragraph. [More, and most, quick of hearing]: see simoEN; last sentence. [an inf. n. of 2]: see sumoEapN. A place whence [and where] one hears, or hearkens, or listens. (IDrd, K.) You say, huwa min~iY bimaroA^FY wamasomaEK He is where I see him and hear his speech; (IDrd, K;) and in like manner, huwa min~i maroA^FY wamasomaEN; (TA;) and maroA^FY wamasomaEFA, (M and K in art. rA^Y, q. v.,) and sometimes they said marFY. (TA.) And fulaAnN fiY manoZarK wamasomaEK Such a one is in a state in which he likes to be looked at and listened to. (T, A, TA, in art. nZr.) ― -b2- See also samoEN, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places. ― -b3- It is also an inf. n. of samiEa. (TA.) [pass. part. n. of 4, q. v.]. waA@somaEo gayora musomaEK, in the Kur [iv. 48], means [And hear thou without being made to hear; i. e.] mayest thou not be made to hear: (Ibn-'Arafeh, K:) or mayest thou not hear, (Akh, S, Bd, Jel,) by reason of deafness, or of death; (Bd;) said by way of imprecation: (Az, Er-Rághib:) or hear thou without being made to hear speech which thou wouldest approve: or not being made to hear what is disliked; accord. to which explanation, it is said hypocritically: or hear thou speech which thou wilt not be made [really] to hear; because thine ear will be averse from it; accord. to which explanation, what follows the verb is an objective complement: or hear thou without having thine invitation assented to: (Bd:) or without having what thou sayest accepted. (Mujáhid, K.) [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.] ― -b2- [Hence,] musomiEapN A female singer. (S, K.) [See an ex. of the pl. in a verse cited voce $aAribN.] ― -b3- And hence, (TA in art. zmr,) the former is applied to (tropical:) A shackle. (K, and TA in art. zmr.) An instrument of hearing. (TA.) ― -b2- See samoEN, in the latter half of the paragraph, in four places. -A2- (assumed tropical:) A loop which is in the middle of the [large bucket called] garob, and into which is put a rope in order that the bucket may be even; (S, K;) so called as being likened to an ear: (ElMufradát, TA:) or the part of the [leathern water-bag called] mazaAdap which is the place of the loop: or what goes beyond, or through, the hole of the loop. (TA.) ― -b2- Also, (K,) or misomaEaAni, (El-Ahmar, TA,) (tropical:) The two pieces of wood that are put into the two loops of the [basket called] zinobiyl when earth is taken forth with it from a well. (El-Ahmar, K, TA.) ― -b3- And the latter, (i. e. the dual,) A pair of socks, or stockings, worn by the sportsman when he is pursuing the gazelles during midday, or during midday in summer when the heat is vehement. (TA.) (tropical:) Shackled: the explanation in the K, shackled and collared, applies to musam~aEN musawojarN together; not to the former of these two words alone. (TA.) [See musomiEN.] [Things heard]. See 4 in art. jwz. is pl. of misomaEN (Msb, K) [and of masomaEN]. ― -b2- As a pl. without a sing., it is applied to All the holes of a human being; such as are [the holes of] the eyes, and such as the nostrils, and the anus. (TA.) : see samoEN, in the latter half of the paragraph. smg The two sides of the mouth, beneath the two extremities of the mustache, on the right and left; a dial. var. of AlS~aAmigaAni [q. v.]. (IDrd, K.) smq , (S, O, L, K,) aor. , (O, L,) inf. n. sumuwqN (S, O, L, K) and samoqN, (L,) It was, or became, high, or tall: (S, O, L, K:) or tall in the highest degree: (JK:) said of a plant, or herbage, (JK, L,) of a tree, and [particularly] of a palmtree. (L.) ― -b2- See also sumaAqN. Tall; applied to a man. (Kr, TA.) [See also saAmiqN.] Pure; sheer; unmixed. (S, O, K.) You say ka*ibN sumaAqN A sheer, unmixed, lie; (S, O;) and Hub~N sumaAqN pure, unmixed, love; meaning such as have overtopped (↓ samaqaA) every lie and love. (O.) : see sum~aAqN. : see saAmiqN. -A2- The dual, samiyqaAni, signifies The [yokes or] two pieces of wood that belong to the niyr, surrounding the necks of the two bulls, (S, Z, O, K,) like the neck-ring, (S, O,) the two extremities of each being made to meet together beneath the bull's dewlap, and bound with a cord: (Z, TA:) pl. A^asomiqapN. (TA.) ― -b2- And [its pl.,] A^asomiqapN, Certain pieces of wood in the utensil upon which bricks, or crude bricks, (labin,) are conveyed. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, L, K.) (S, O, K) and ↓ samuwqN, (O, K,) in the Tekmileh with teshdeed, [i. e. ↓ sam~uwqN,] (TA,) [Sumach; the rhus coriaria of Linn.; or its berry:] a certain fruit, (K,) well known; (S, K;) a certain acid thing, with which one cooks; (O;) the fruit of certain trees of the [high grounds termed] qifaAf and of the mountains, acid, consisting of bunches of small berries, which are cooked; (AHn, TA;) not known to AHn as growing in any part of the land of the Arabs except in Syria; and he says that it is intensely red: in the T, said to be the acid berry called Eaborab: n. un. with p: (TA:) it excites appetence; stops chronic diarrhœa; and the application of water in which it has been steeped, or macerated, as a collyrium, is beneficial for the [disorder termed] sulaAq and for ophthalmia. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see Earaborabiy~apN, in art Erb and ↓ samiyqN High, or tall; applied to a plant, or herbage, and to a tree, and [particularly] to a palm-tree. (L.) [See also simiyqN.] smEr : see art. sqr. smk , [aor. ,] inf. n. sumuwkN, It (a thing) rose, or became high or elevated or lofty. (S, K.) ― -b2- And, aor. and inf. n. as above, He ascended. (TA.) One says, Ausomuko fiY Alr~ayomi Ascend thou the stairs. (S, TA. [See rayomN.]) -A2- And samakahu, (S, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. samokN, He raised, elevated, upraised, or uplifted, it. (S, K.) So in the phrase, samaka A@ll~`hu Als~amaA='a [God raised the heaven]. (S.) The roof of a house, or chamber: (S, Mgh, * K: *) or the interior uppermost part [i. e. the ceiling] of a house, or chamber; the exterior uppermost part thereof being called SahowapN: (Ham p. 725:) or [the height] from the top to the bottom of a house or chamber. (K.) [And hence, The canopy of the heaven or sky: or] the measure of the height of the heaven from the earth: or the thickness thereof, upwards. (Bd in lxxix. 28.) And The stature, or height in a standing posture, or anything: (K:) thus expl. by Lth: one says biEiyrN Tawiylu Als~amoki [A camel tall of stature]. (TA.) [In the present day, it signifies The extent of anything from top to bottom; its height, depth, and thickness: and is vulgarly pronounced sumok.] Fish; syn. HuwtN; (K;) a kind of aquatic creatures: [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with p: pl. of the former simaAkN and sumuwkN. (S, TA.) $awaY fiY AlHariyqi samakatahu [He broiled his fish in the fire of a burning house] is a post-classical prov. of the people of Baghdád, relating to the concealing, disguising, or cloaking, of a fault, for the purpose of seizing an opportunity; orginating from the fact that the thief used, when he saw the fire of a burning house in a place, to go thither for the purpose of theft; and if it were in his power, he did what he desired; and if he were lighted on, he said, I came to broil a fish. (Mtr, in Har pp. 481-2.) ― -b2- Als~amakapu [is a name of (tropical:) The constellation Pisces; also called Als~amakataAni;] a certain sign of the Zodiac; (K, TA;) thought by ISd to be so called because it is a watery sign; and also called AlHuwtu. (TA.) A thing with which a thing is raised, elevated, upraised, or uplifted; (K, TA;) whether a wall or a roof: (TA:) pl. sumukN. (K.) -A2- Als~imaAkaAni is the name of Two bright stars; Als~imaAku AlA^aEozalu and Als~imaAku Alr~aAmiHu: (S, O, K:) the former is a star [namely a] in Virgo, called by astrologers Als~unobulapu [or Spica Virginis]; (Kzw;) and is one of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, O, and Kzw in his descr. of the Mansions of the Moon,) the Fourteenth thereof; (Kzw ibid.;) it is one of the A^anowaA=' [pl. of nawo'N, q. v.], and rises aurorally in ti$oriynu AlA^aw~alu [October, O. S.; its auroral rising, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, began on the 4th of that month]; it is called AlA Ezl because it has no star [near] before it, like the AEzl that has with him no spear; or, as some say, because, when it rises [aurorally], it is not accompanied by wind nor by cold: (TA:) the latter simaAk, i. e. Alr~aAmiHu, [thus called for a reason expl. in art. rmH, q. v., is the star Arcturus, and] is not of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, O, TA,) and has not any nawo' [here meaning supposed influence in bringing rain &c.]; it is towards the north; the former being towards the south; (TA;) and is also called Als~imaAku Almirozamu: (AZ, TA in art. rmH:) [it is erroneously said that] the smAkAn are in the sign of Libra: (TA:) and it is said that they are the two kind legs of Leo (rijolaA AlA^asadi): (S, O, K: *) [for it appears, as I have before observed, (voce *iraAEN,) that the ancient Arabs, or many of them, extended the figure of Leo (as they did also that of Scorpio) far beyond the limits which we assign to it: and hence,] AlsmAk AlA Ezl was also called saAqu AlA^asadi [the thigh, or the hind shank, of Leo]. (Kzw in his descr. of Virgo.) The rhyming-proser says, A_i*aA TalaEa Als~imaAko *ahaba AlEikaAko faA^aSoliHo finaAko waA^ajid~a Hi*aAko faA_in~a Al$~itaA='a qado A^ataAko [When AlsmAk rises aurorally, (i. e. AlsmAk AlA Ezl,) the sultriness has gone, therefore do thou put thy court, or yard, in good condition, and renew thy sandal, for the winter has come to thee: finaAk and Hi*aAk being contractions of finaA='ak and Hi*aA='ak, for the sake of the rhyme]. (O, TA.) The nawo' [here app. meaning the rain consequent upon the auroral setting] of AlsmAk AlAEzl [about the 4th of April, O. S. in Central Arabia] is abundant, but disapproved, because it gives growth to the na$or [q. v.], which diseases the camels that pasture upon it. (Kzw in his descr. of the Mansions of the Moon.) [The epithet ↓ simaAkiY~N is applied to the rain above mentioned.] ― -b2- Als~imaAku also signifies, (K,) or simaAku Alt~aroquwapi, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) The upper part of the chest, next to the collar-bone. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. i. q. HusaAsN; (S, O, K;) i. e. Certain small fish, which are dried; also called hif~N. (O, TA.) A fishmonger. (MA.) A high, (S, TA,) or long and high, and plump, (TA,) camel's hump. (S, TA.) ― -b2- $arafuka taAmikN waA_iqobaAluka saAmikN (tropical:) [Thy nobility is lofty, and thy good fortune is high]. (A and Ta in art. tmk.) The heavens; (K;) which are seven in number: (TA:) or so ↓ AlmasomuwkaAtu: (S:) or this is wrong; or it is a dial. var.: (K:) the latter word is used by the vulgar, but is correct. (TA.) A pole of a [tent such as is called] xibaA=', (S, K,) which latter is raised thereby. (S.) Tall; (IDrd, O, K;) applied to a man. (IDrd, O.) ― -b2- And, applied to a horse, [mn AlHaboli in the CK being a mistake for mina Alxayoli,] (tropical:) Firm (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, O, K, TA) in the [ribs called] jawaAniH. (Z, TA.) ― -b3- AlmasomuwkaAtu: see AlmusomakaAtu. and ↓ munosamikN A tall house or tent. (TA.) : see what next precedes. sml , (S, * M, Mgh, * Msb, K,) aor. , (M, Msb,) inf. n. samolN, (S, M, Msb,) He put out, or blinded, (faqaA^a,) his eye (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) with an iron instrument (S, Msb, TA) made hot; (S, Msb;) or with some other thing; sometimes with a thorn; (TA;) like samarahaA: (M and K in art. smr:) and he pulled it out: (Mgh:) and ↓ AstmlhA signifies the same. (Fr, K.) ― -b2- samala AlHawoDa, (S, M, K,) inf. n. as above; (M;) and ↓ sm~lhu, (M, K,) inf. n. tasomiylN; (TA;) He cleansed, or cleared, the watering-trough, or tank, (S, M, K,) from the samalap, (M, K,) [i. e.] from the black mud, or black fetid mud, [that was in it,] and from the mud, or clay. (S.) And samalotu Albiy^ora I cleansed, or cleared out, the well. (Msb.) ― -b3- samala bayonahumo, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S, M,) He effected a rectification of affairs, or an adjustment, or a reconciliation, between them; as also ↓ Asml: (S, M, K:) or he strove, laboured, or exerted himself, in effecting a rectification between them; and so fiY AlmaEiy$api [in respect of the means of subsistence]. (Msb.) -A2- samala, (S, M, K,) aor. , (M,) inf. n. sumuwlN (S, M, K) and sumuwlapN, [or this is probably the inf. n. of the latter of the next two following syn. verbs,] (K,) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) was, or became, old, and worn out; as also ↓ Asml; (S, M, K;) and so samula, like karuma; (K;) and ↓ AisomaA^al~a, inf. n. Aisomiy^olaAlN. (TA.) ― -b2- See also the next paragraph. : see 1. -A2- sm~l AlHawoDu, (M, K,) inf. n. tasomiylN, (K,) The watering-trough, or tank, yielded but little water. (Lh, M, K.) And in like manner, (K,) sm~lt Ald~alowu, (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) The bucket yielded, (M,) or produced [from the well], only what is termed Als~amalap, (K,) i. e., (TA,) little water; (M, TA;) as also ↓ samalat, (K,) inf. n. samolN; but the former verb is said by Fr to be preferable. (TA.) -A3- sm~l fulaAnFA biAlqawoli He was soft, or tender, or easy and sweet, or elegant, graceful, or ornate, to such a one, (raq~aqa lahu, in the CK raf~aqa lh,) in speech. (K.) -A4- And accord. to IDrd, tasomiylN signifies A laxness of the *akar on the occasion of jimaAE. (TA.) see 1, in two places. , (K,) or tsm~l samalFA, (M,) He drank, or took, remains in a vessel, (M, K,) of wine, or beverage, &c. (M.) ― -b2- And tsm~l Aln~abiy*a He persevered, or persisted, in the drinking of the [beverage called] nby*. (Lh, M, K.) see 1, first sentence. , (S, O, K,) inf. n. Aisomiy^laAlN, (S,) He (a man, O) was, or became, slender, lean, or lank, (S, O, K,) in the belly. (S, * O, * K.) ― -b2- Said of the shade, It contracted; or went away; syn. qalaSa, (O,) or AirotafaEa. (TA.) The phrase A_i*aA A@somaA^al~a Alt~ub~aEu, in a verse which is here cited in the S and O and TA, [and which I have cited in art. tbE,] means [accord. to J,] A_i*aA rajaEa AlZ~il~u A_ilaY A^aSoli AlEuwdi [app. When the shade cast by the leaves of a tree returns to the lower part of the branch; i. e. when the sun becomes high: virtually the same as when the shade contracts]: (S, TA:) or, as some say, by Alt~ub~aEu is meant [the star, or asterism, called] Ald~abaraAn, and the phrase means when AldbrAn rises. (TA. [See art. tbE.]) ― -b3- Said of a person's face, It became altered in consequence of emaciation. (TA.) ― -b4- See also 1, last sentence but one. : see samalapN, in three places. -A2- Applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, Old, and worn out; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ samalapN and ↓ samiylN and ↓ samuwlN (M, K) and ↓ samilN and ↓ musomay^il~N: (K:) the pl. of samalN is A^FsomaAlN: (A'Obeyd, TA:) and one says also vawobN A^asomaAlN, (S, M, K,) like rumoHu A^aqoSaAdN and buromapN A^aEo$aArN. (S.) The phrase samalu qaTiyfapK occurs in a trad. [as meaning An old and worn-out garment of the kind called qTyfp]: and in another trad., A^asomaAlu mul~y~atayoni [meaning two old and wornout small garments of the kind called mulaA='ap]; mulay~apN being a dim. of mulaA='apN. (TA.) And ↓ sawomalN signifies [in like manner] An old and worn-out [garment of the kind called] kisaA=', on the authority of Ez-Zejjájee. (M.) ― -b2- Also, (i. e. samalN,) applied to a ewe, Having ragged wool: ― -b3- and samalo samalo is A cry by which a ewe is called to be milked. (O, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. Tears poured forth (AZ, K) by the eyes affected with pain in consequence of hunger, (AZ,) or on an occasion of vehement hunger, (K,) as though putting out the eye. (AZ, K.) ― -b2- See also the next following paragraph. A small quantity of water (S, M, K) remaining in the bottom of a vessel &c.; like vamiylapN: (S:) as also ↓ sumolapN: (S, M, * K: [app., accord. to the M, the latter is syn. with the former absolutely:]) pl. ↓ samalN, (S, M, K,) which is used of wine, or beverage, &c., (M,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the pl. properly so termed is] sumuwlN (As, S) and A^asomaAlN [a pl. of pauc.]: (AA, S:) and ↓ sumolaAnN [app. pl. of ↓ samalN, agreeably with analogy,] signifies remains of [the beverage called] nabiy*, (M, K,) and of water also. (TA.) Also A remaining portion of water in a watering-trough, or tank: (M, K:) and, (K,) as some say, (M,) black mud, or black fetid mud, (M, K,) therein: (M:) pl. ↓ samalN [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., as observed above,] and simaAlN; (M, K;) and samaAy^ilu is pl. of the latter of these pls. (TA.) -A2- See also samalN. : see the next preceding paragraph. : see samalN. : see samalN. [One who puts out the eyes of others]. A certain tribe were called banuw Als~am~aAli, (M, K, *) or banuw sam~aAlK, (S, TA,) because their founder had put out the eye of a man. (S, M, K.) One who strives, labours, or exerts himself, (S, M, K,) in, (S,) or for, (M, K,) the right management of affairs for procuring the means of subsistence. (S, M, K.) : see samalN. A small [cup of the kind called] finojaAnap, (S, M, K, TA,) which latter is a post-classical word, originally filojaAnap: or the swmlp, as some say, is a small fiyaAlajap, an arabicized word from the Pers. PiyaAlaho; which is also called TarojahaArapN; (TA;) and this is the same as the filojaAn. (TA voce TrjhArp.) Slender, lean, or lank, in the belly; (M, K;) applied to a man. (TA.) ― -b2- See also samalN. -A2- Also A certain bird. (K.) smlq An even plain; (K, TA;) like salaqN; mentioned by J in art. slq; or a desert in which is no herbage: or an even tract of land destitute of herbage: and [the pl.] samaAliqu signifies [deserts such as are termed] SaHaAraY: or, accord. to ElWáhidee, far-extending, long land. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce A^aroqala: and another voce riyaAgN, in art. ryg.] ― -b2- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A woman that bears no offspring: likened to land that does not give growth to anything. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A woman bad in sexual intercourse; as also with p. (TA.) And the latter, (assumed tropical:) A woman that has no A_isokataAni [or labia majora of the vulva]: (TA:) [or] a woman having no buttocks. (ISk, TA in art. rqE.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) A clamorous old woman: or, accord. to AA, one of evil disposition. (TA.) [like sumaAqN] A sheer, unmixed, lie. (TA.) smn , (S, M, L, Msb, K,) aor. ; (L, Msb, K;) and samuna, aor. ; (Msb;) inf. n. of the former simanN (S, M, L, K) and samaAnapN, (M, L, K,) or the former is a simple subst. (Msb) [and the latter by rule inf. n. of the latter verb]; He was, or became, fat, or plump; (S, M, L;) or in the condition of having much flesh and fat: (Msb:) and ↓ tsm~n has a like meaning [i. e. he was, or became, fattened, rendered plump, or made to have much flesh and fat]. (S, L. *) A poet says, rakibonaAhaA samaAnatahaA falam~aA badato minohaA Als~anaAsinu waAlD~uluwEu (IAar, M, L,) meaning We rode her during her state of fatness, or plumpness, [but when the edges of her vertebræ, and the ribs, became apparent, ...] (M, L.) ― -b2- [Hence,] samina Albur~u, inf. n. simanN, (assumed tropical:) The wheat became full in the grain. (A in art. Sfr.) -A2- samanahu, (S, M, L, K,) aor. , inf. n. samonN, (S, M, L,) He made it, [or prepared it,] namely, food, with samon [q. v. infrà]; (M, L, K;) as also ↓ sm~nh, and ↓ Asmnhu: (K:) or the first signifies, (S,) or signifies also, and so ↓ the second and ↓ third, (M, L,) he moistened it, and stirred it about, (S, M, L,) namely, food, (S, L,) or bread, (M, L,) with samon, (S, M, L,) lahumo for them. (S.) ― -b2- Also, and ↓ Asmnhu, (L,) or samana Alqawoma, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) He fed him, or the people, or party, with samon. (M, L, K.) ― -b3- And samanotu lahu I seasoned his bread for him with samon. (L.) , (S, M, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. tasomiynN; (K;) He, or it, rendered him fat, or plump; (S, M, L, K; *) or caused him to have much flesh and fat: (Msb:) and ↓ Asmnhu signifies the same. (M, L, Msb.) It is said in a prov., sam~ino kalobaka yaA^okuloka [Fatten thy dog, and he will eat thee]. (S, L, Msb. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 609.]) ― -b2- sam~anahumo, (S, M, L,) inf. n. as above, (S, L,) He furnished them with samon for travelling-provision, &c. (S, M, L.) ― -b3- See also 1, in two places. -A2- tasomiynN also signifies The act of cooling, (S, M, L, K,) in the dial. of Et-Táïf (S, M, L) and ElYemen. (S.) A fish was brought to El-Hajjáj, (S, M, L,) broiled, (L,) and he said to the cook, (S,) or to the man who brought it, (M, L,) sam~inohaA, (S, M, L,) meaning Cool it: (S:) the man who brought it knew not what he meant; so 'Ambeseh Ibn-Sa'eed said to him, He says to thee Cool it (M, L) a little. (L.) He (a man, M, L) was fat, or plump, by nature. (M, L, K.) ― -b2- He (a man, S, M, L) possessed a thing that was fat, or plump: (S, M, L, K:) or bought such: (M, L, K:) or gave such (S, M, L, K) to another. (S.) And Asmn Alqawomu The people, or party, became in the state of those whose cattle had become fat, or plump. (M, L, K. *) ― -b3- Also He bought samon. (L.) ― -b4- And AsmnwA They became in the condition of having much samon. (M, L, K.) -A2- Asmnhu: see 2: ― -b2- and see also 1, in three places. see 1. ― -b2- [Hence,] tsm~n also signifies (assumed tropical:) He prided himself in the abundance of his wealth, and collected it but did not expend it: (TA in art. hnA^:) or he made a boast of abundance of goodness, or goods, which he did not possess; and laid claim to nobility that was not in him: or collected wealth for the purpose of attaining to the condition of the noble: or loved to indulge himself largely in eatables and drinkables that are the causes of fatness, or plumpness. (L.) He deemed, or reckoned, (S, L, Msb, K,) or he found, (M, L, K,) it, or him, (namely, a thing, M, L, and flesh-meat, L, or a man, K,) to be fat, or plump, (S, M, L, K,) or to have much flesh and fat: (Msb:) or he sought it, or demanded it, fat, or plump. (M, L.) -A2- And jaAw^uwA yasotasominuwna They came seeking, or demanding, that samon [in the CK Als~amiyn i. e. that which was fat or plump] should be given to them. (S, M, L, K. *) Clarified butter; ghee; i. e. silaA=' of fresh butter, (M, L, K,) or of milk; (L;) it is of the cow, and sometimes of the goat: (S, L:) what comes forth, (Mgh,) or is made, (Msb,) [or clarified, by cooking it, or boiling it, sometimes with an admixture of sawiyq (or meal of parched barley or wheat), or dates, or globules of gazelles' dung, (see xulaASapN, and qi$odapN, and qilodapN,)] from the milk of cows, and of goats, (Mgh, Msb,) or sheep: (Msb:) [n. un. with p:] pl. [of mult.] sumonaAnN (S, M, L, Msb, K, in the CK [erroneously] simonaAnN) and sumuwnN and [of pauc.] A^asomunN: (M, L, K:) it counteracts all poisons, clears away the filth from foul ulcers, matures all tumours, and removes the [discoloration and spots termed] kalaf and nama$ from the face, applied as a liniment. (K.) ― -b2- samonu Alhabiydi [Decocted juice of the colocynth, or of its pulp, or seed]. (TA voce xawolaEN, q. v.) Fatness, or plumpness; contr. of huzaAlN; (M, L;) or the condition of having much flesh and fat. (Msb.) [See 1, first sentence.] , (M, L,) or ↓ sumonapN, with damm, (K,) A certain herb, (M, L, K,) having leaves, and slender twigs, and a white flower: said by AHn to be of the [kind called] janobap, (M, L,) which grows forth binujuwmi AlS~ayofi [which may mean either by the influence of the stars of the season called AlSyf, i. e., of its rains, or with the herbs of that season, in either case in spring or summer,] and is evergreen. (M, L, K.) A medicine for fattening, or rendering plump: (M, L, K:) or a medicine by which women are fattened, or rendered plump. (T, S, L.) ― -b2- See also samonapN. A certain sect of idolaters, who assert the doctrine of metempsychosis, and deny that knowledge comes from informations; (S, Msb;) a certain people, of the Indians, who hold that the duration of the present world is from eternity, or that it is everlasting, (M, L, K,) and assert the doctrine of metempsychosis: (K:) the word is said to be an irregular rel. n. from suwmanaAt, a town of India. (Msb.) Fat, or plump; (S, M, L, K; *) contr. of muhozuwlN; (S, L;) or having much flesh and fat; (Msb;) and ↓ saAminN signifies the same: (M, L, K:) fem. with p: (M, L, Msb:) [see saAH~q:] pl. (of the first, and of its fem., Msb) simaAnN, (Sb, M, L, Msb, K,) used instead of sumanaA='u, which they did not say: (Sb, M, L:) accord. to Lh, (M, L,) ↓ musominN signifies fat, or plump, by nature; (M, L, K;) applied to a man: and some say AimoraA^apN ↓ musminapN meaning a woman fat, or plump, syn. samiynapN, (M, L,) or ↓ AmrA^p musomanapN, like mukoramapN [in measure], meaning [a woman rendered fat, or plump,] by nature; (K;) and biAlA^adowiyapi ↓ musam~anapN [rendered fat, or plump, by medicines]; (M, L, K;) and woe, on the day of resurrection, by reason of languor in the bones, is denounced in a trad. against women who make use of medicine to render themselves thus. (L.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A^aroDN samiynapN (assumed tropical:) [Fat land; i. e.] land of good soil, with few stones, strong to foster plants or herbage: (M, L:) or land consisting of soil in which is no stone. (K.) ― -b3- And kalaAmN samiynN (assumed tropical:) Chaste, eloquent, or excellent, language. (L in art. qSd.) ― -b4- See also masomuwnN. [accord. to those who make the alif to be a sign of the fem. gender] or sumaAnFY [accord. to those who make that letter to be one of quasicoordination] A certain bird, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) well known; (Msb;) [the quail; tetrao coturnix: so called in the present day: and also called salowaY:] used as a pl. and as a sing.; (M, L, K;) sometimes as a sing.: (M, L:) [or] the n. un. is sumaAnaApN: (S, M, L, K:) pl. sumaAnayaAtN: (S:) one should not say sum~aAnY, with teshdeed. (S, L.) A seller of samon. (S, M, L.) -A2- Also Certain dyes [or pigments] with which one decorates, or embellishes. (M, L, K.) [See also sim~aAnN, in art. sm.] -A3- sam~aAnu, the name of A certain plant, see in art. sm. : see samiynN. ― -b2- Also A possessor of samon: (M, L, K:) like laAbinN and taAmirN as meaning “ a possessor of milk ” and “ of dates. ” (L.) Waist-wrappers; syn. A^uzurN [pl. of A_izaArN]: and old and worn-out garments or pieces of cloth: (L:) or old and worn-out A^uzur. (K.) : see its fem., with p, voce samiynN. ; and its fem., with p: see samiynN. ― -b2- qawomN musominuwna A people, or party, whose cattle have become fat, or plump. (L.) [Food that is a cause of fattening to the body]. (M, L, K: * in the CK [erroneously] musominapN.) [See also an ex. voce kiZ~apN.] : see its fem., with p, voce samiynN. Food made [or prepared] with samon: (L:) or moistened, and stirred about, therewith: (S:) [and ↓ samiynN signifies the same; for] a rájiz says, laHomu jazuwrK gav~apK samiynapo fabaA karatonaA jafonapN baTiynahN [And a capacious bowl came to us early in the morning, flesh of a slaughtered camel, lean, prepared with clarified butter]: i. e. fabaAkaratonaA jafonapN baTiynapo, from Als~amonu, not from Als~imanu. (S, L.) smndl [The phenix;] a certain bird that is in India; that enters into the fire without having its plumage burned: (Kr, M, K: * [mentioned in the M as a quadriliteral-radical word; the n being regarded by ISd as augmentative:]) also called sabanodalN, with b [in the place of m]: it is said that when it becomes extremely aged, and is without offspring, it casts itself into burning coals, and returns to its youthful state. (TA.) [See also sanodalN, in art. sdl.] smhdr Fat, as an epithet, (S, K,) applied to a boy, in praise of his fleshiness; (Fr, S;) a boy fat and fleshy. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) The penis, (K,) as likened to a fat, or fat and fleshy, boy. (TA.) ― -b3- Applied to a country, or region, (baladN,) Ample, (S, K,) wide, or far-extending, in its limits: or in which the sight is perplexed by its levelness. (TA.) ― -b4- A land far-extending; that causes one to lose his way in it. (K, TA.) smhr , said of seed-produce, It did not multiply; as though every grain [of the seed] had its [single] head. (T, K.) It (a spear, TA) was, or became, hard. (S, K.) ― -b2- It (a thorn) was, or became, dry, or tough, and hard. (S.) ― -b3- It was, or became, strong; (said of a rope; TA;) or pressing, or severe, or difficult; (said of an affair; TA;) or intense; (S, K;) said of darkness: (S, TA:) and, said of darkness, it became disagreeable, and intense. (K.) ― -b4- He (a man) became vehement in fight. (S.) ― -b5- It (a penis) became straight and erect. (K, TA.) , (S, K,) and qanaApN samohariy~apN, (S,) A hard spear, (S, K,) and a hard spear-shaft: (S:) or so called in relation to a man named samoharN, (S, K,) husband of rudayonapu, (K,) who (as well as his wife, K) used to straighten spears: (S, K:) or in relation to a town or village of Abyssinia, (K,) called samoharN: so says Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-Bekkár, but Sgh distrusts this; and the former opinion is the more common. (TA.) You say also rimaAHN samohariy~apN [Hard spears; &c.]. (S.) ― -b2- wataro samohariY~N A strong bow-string. (TA.) ― -b3- qad~N samohariY~N A straight stature. (TA.) A tough thorn. (TA.) ― -b2- A penis hard and strong; or distended and erect and hard: (L, TA: [but in both, Ewd, as an epithet applied to *akarN, is put by mistake for EardN]:) or the penis [itself]. (K.) ― -b3- Straight. (AZ.) smw , (S, M, Msb, K,) first pers. samawotu, like Ealawotu, (S,) aor. yasomuw, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. sumuw~N; (S, M, K;) and samiYa, first pers. samiytu, (Th, S, TA,) like Ealiytu; (S;) He, (a man, Th, S,) or it, (a thing, M,) was, or became, high, lofty, raised, upraised, uplifted, upreared, exalted, or elevated; it rose, or rose high: (S, M, Msb, K:) and ↓ tsAmY signifies the same. (MA. [See also 5.]) ― -b2- samaAliYa Al$~aYo'u The thing became raised from afar so that I plainly distinguished it: (K:) or, as in the S, samaA liYa Al$~axoSu the form, or figure, seen from a distance, rose, or became raised, to me [i. e. to my view] so that I plainly distinguished it. (TA.) ― -b3- samaA AlhilaAlu The moon near the change rose murotafiEFA [app. meaning upreared, not decumbent: see A^adofaqu]. (TA.) ― -b4- [samaA lahu or naHowahu He rose, and betook himself, to, or towards, him, or it. Hence,] maAsamawotu lakumo I will not [or (unless the phrase be an apodosis) I did not] rise and hasten to fight you. (TA.) ― -b5- samaA baSarahu His sight, or eye, rose, or became raised. (S, TA.) [And samaATarofuhu lit. signifies the same; but means (assumed tropical:) His look was lofty; or he was proud: see saAmK, below.] ― -b6- samaA is also said of him who is termed HasiybN and $ariyfN [i. e. it signifies He was, or became, noble; or high, or exalted, in rank]. (TA.) ― -b7- samatp him~atuhu A_ilaY maEaAliY AlA^umowri [His ambition soared, or aspired, to high things, or the means of attaining eminence;] he sought glory, or might, and eminence. (Msb, TA.) ― -b8- samaAbiY $awoqa baEoda A^ano kaAna A^aqoSara [A yearning, or longing, of the soul arose in me after it had ceased]. (TA.) ― -b9- humo yasomuwna EalaY AlmiAy^api They exceed [or are above] the number of a hundred. (TA.) ― -b10- samawoA, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ AstmwA, (S,) They went forth to pursue the animals of the chase (S, K, TA) in their deserts: (TA:) [or] one says of the hunter, or sportsman, yasomuw AlwaHo$a, and ↓ yasotamiyhaA, meaning he sees, or looks to see, (yataEay~anu,) the coming forth of the wild animals, and pursues them. (M. [See also 8 below.]) ― -b11- samaA AlfaHolu, inf. n. samaAwapN, The stallion sprang, or rushed, upon, (S,) or he overbore, (S, * M, K,) his she-camels that had passed seven or eight months since the period of their bringing forth. (S, M, K.) -A2- samaAbihi: see 4. -A3- See also 2. , (S, M, Msb, K,) accord. to Sb originally with b, but Lh says that the former is that which is usual, (M,) [inf. n. tasomiyapN,] and in like manner ↓ AsmAhu, (S,) i. e. AsmAhu fulaAnFA and bifulaAnK, (M, K,) and accord. to Th, fulaAnFA ↓ samaAhu and bifulaAnK, (K, [in the correct copies of which the form of the verb first mentioned is without teshdeed, while in the CK the first and last are both alike with teshdeed, or, as is said in the M, Th has mentioned samawotuhu, but none other has mentioned it,]) He named him, or called him, Such a one; (S, M, Msb, K;) as Zeyd; i. e., he made Zeyd to be his name, his proper name. (Msb.) ― -b2- [One says also, sm~Y A@ll~`ha EalaY $aYo'K, or simply sm~Y Ealayohi, which is the more common, meaning He pronounced the name of God, saying bisomi A@ll~`hi (In the name of God), upon, or over, a thing; such as food, and an animal about to be slaughtered.] The Prophet said, sam~uwA wasam~ituwA wadan~uwA, [cited, with some variations, and expl., in arts. dnw and smt,] meaning sam~uwA A@ll~`ha [Pronounce ye the name of God, &c.]; i. e. whenever ye eat, [before ye begin to do so, accord. to the general custom, or] between two mouthfuls. (M.) , (S, M, K, TA,) inf. n. musaAmaApN, (TA,) He vied, competed, or contended for superiority, in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excellence, [or in an absolute sense,] with him; syn. EaAlaAhu, (M,) or faAxarahu, and baAraAhu. (K.) It is said in the trad. respecting the lie [against 'Áïsheh], lamo takuni A@moraA^apN tusaAmiyhaA gayoru zayonaba, meaning There was not any woman that vied with her in eminence (tufaAxiruhaA and tuEaAliyhaA) except Zeyneb; AlmusaAmaApu meaning AlmuTaAwalapu fiY AlHuiZowapi. (TA.) And one says, fulaAnN laA yusaAmaY waqado EalaA mano saAmaAhu [Such a one will not be vied with in highness, &c.: and he has overcome him who vied with him, &c.]. (S.) And A_in~a A^amaAmiY maA laA A^usaAmiY, said when one fears an affair, or event, before him; on the authority of IAar; meaning [Verily before me is an affair, or event,] with which I cannot vie. (M.) A poet cited by Th says, baAta A@bonu A^adomaA='a yusaAmiY AlA^anodaraA saAmaY TaEaAma AlHaY~i Hat~aY naw~araA and he says that saAmaY means AirotafaEa, and SaEida; but [it seems that the verse should be rendered, Ibn-Admà passed the night aspiring to reach the heap of reaped wheat: he aspired to attain the wheat of the tribe until it attained to maturity: for ISd says,] in my opinion he means, as the seed-produce rose by growth, he rose to it, until it attained to maturity, when he reaped it and stole it: and he cites also the saying, faA@rofaEo yadayoka vum~a saAmi AlHanojaraA [And raise thy hands, then endeavour to reach the windpipe]; explaining saAmi AlHanojara as meaning raise thy hands to his Haloq [or throat, properly, fauces]. (M.) He raised, upraised, uplifted, upreared, exalted, or elevated, him, or it; as also bihi ↓ samaA [lit. he rose, &c., with him, or it]. (M, K.) ― -b2- A^asomayotuhu mino baladK I made him to go up, or away, from a town, or country. (TA.) ― -b3- AsmAnA, (TA,) or ↓ AisotamaAnaA, (M,) He, or it, incited us to hunt, or chase: so says Th. (M, TA.) -A2- Also He looked at, or towards, his, or its samaAwap [expl. immediately before the mention of this phrase in the M as meaning the form, or figure, seen from a distance, and the aspect, of anything]. (M, TA.) -A3- And AsmY He (a man) took the direction of, (S,) or came to, (M,) Es-Semáweh (Als~amaAwap, S, M) a certain water in the desert (AlbaAdiyap, M) or a place between El-Koofeh and Syria, (K,) a well-known desert. (TA.) -A4- See also 2. [expl. by Golius, first, as meaning Altus fuit, eminuit; like samaA; but for this he names no authority, and I find none for it. -A2- ] He named himself. (KL.) ― -b2- tsm~Y bizayodK He was named Zeyd: (S, * M, * Msb, K: *) tsm~Y bika*aA means Such a thing became his name: it is quasi-pass. of sam~aAhu and A^asomaAhu. (TA.) ― -b3- And tsm~Y bibaniY fulaAnK, (M,) or biAlqawomi, (K,) and A_ilayohimo, (M, K,) He asserted his relationship to the sons of such a one [by the assumption of a name of relationship to them], or to the people. (M, K.) see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- tasaAmawoA EalaY Alxayoli They mounted upon the horses. (TA.) ― -b3- And tsAmwA They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, [in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excellence, or in an absolute sense, (see 3,)] one with another. (S, K.) -A2- And tsAmwA signifies also They called one another by their names. (TA.) He (a hunter, or sportsman, [AlS~AEidu in the CK being a mistranscription for AlS~aAy^idu,]) attired himself with the socks, or stockings, called misomaAp, (M, K, TA,) to protect himself from the heat of the burning ground, (TA,) for the hunting of gazelles, in the time of heat. (M.) And (M, in the K “ or ”) AstmAhu He asked of him the loan of the socks, or stockings, above named, for that purpose, (M, K, *) i. e. for the hunting of gazelles at midday. (TA.) And AstmY, (M, CK,) or AstmY AlZ~ibaA='a, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) He sought, or pursued, the gazelles in their caves, or hiding-places, (faY giyraAnihaA, M, and so in copies of the K, by the giyraAn being meant the kunus, M,) or in what was not their time, or season, (fiY gayori A@nihaA, thus in some copies of the K,) at the auroral rising of Canopus (suhayol [which rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. S.]): (M, K:) so says IAar. (M.) [Freytag says, on the authority of scholia to the Deewán of Jereer, as follows: In the time of the greatest heat, they drive out a wild animal repeatedly from its hiding-place, permitting it to return thither at night, when, thus disturbed, it does not issue from its place; in order that they may be able to strike it.] ― -b2- And He hunted, or chased, wild animals. (M.) ― -b3- See also 1, latter part, in two places. ― -b4- And see 4. -A2- Aisotamayotuhu also signifies I made him the object of a visit: or I perceived in him good, or goodness, by a right opinion formed from its outward signs. (K.) ― -b2- And AstmAhu He chose it, took it in preference, or selected it. (IAar, L voce AiqotaraHa.) ― -b3- And IAar mentions the saying, Albakorapu mina AlA_ibili tusotamaY baEoda A^arobaEa Ea$orapa layolapF A^awobaEoda A_iHodaY waEi$oriyna, as meaning [The youthful she-camel] is tested for the purpose of discovering whether or not she be pregnant [after fourteen nights or after one and twenty]: but Th disallows this, and says that the word is tusotamonaY, from Almunoyapu, which means “ the period by the end of which one knows whether or not the she-camel is pregnant. ” (M.) [or AstsmY fulaAnFA, the word flAnA having app. been inadvertently omitted by a copyist,] He asked, or demanded, his [or such a one's] name. (TA.) and sumN and samN: see AisomN, in three places, near the beginning of the paragraph; and in four places near the end of the same. : see samaA='N: -A2- and see also AisomN, near the beginning of the paragraph. and simFA: see AisomN, in two places, near the beginning of the paragraph; and in the last sentence but one of the same. The higher, or upper, or highest, or uppermost, part of anything: [in this sense] masc. (M.) ― -b2- [In its predominant acceptation,] a word of well-known meaning; (K, TA;) i. e. (TA) [The sky, or heaven;] the canopy of the earth: (M, Msb, TA:) in this sense (M, Msb) masc. and fem.; (IAmb, S, M, Msb, K; *) sometimes fem.; (M;) rarely so, and thus as having the next but one of the significations here following: (Fr, Msb:) Az says that it is fem. because it is pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of samaA='apN: (TA:) or it is as though it were pl. of ↓ samaAwapN, [or rather its coll. gen. n.,] like as saHaAbN is of saHaAbapN: (Msb, TA:) Er-Rághib says that the samaA=' as opposed to the A^aroD is fem., and sometimes masc.; and is used as a sing. and as a pl.; as the latter in the Kur ii. 27 [where it is shown to apply to seven heavens]; and that it is like naxolN and $ajarN and other [coll.] gen. ns.: (TA:) in this sense (M) the pl. is A^asomiyapN [a pl. of pauc.] (S, M, K) and sumiY~N, (M, K,) the latter [originally sumuwYN] of the measure fuEuwlN, and both [also] pls. of samaA='N in another sense, mentioned in what follows, (TA,) and samaAwaAtN or sam`waAtN, (S, M, Msb, K,) and accord. to the K, [in which all of these are mentioned as though pls. of samaA='N in all its senses,] ↓ samFA, [in the CK sumFA,] but in the M samaA='N [like the sing., as mentioned above], where it is said that it must be a pl. in the Kur ii. 27 for the reason already stated, as though pl. of samaA='apN or samaAwapN; (TA;) and a poet assigns to samaA='N the anomalous pl. samaA='K, by his saying, samaA='u A@loA_il`hi fawoqa saboEi samaA=y^iyaA [The heaven of God, above seven heavens]: (S, M:) the dim. is ↓ sum~y~apN. (Ham p. 452.) ― -b3- And Any canopy, or covering over-head, of a person. (S, Msb, * TA.) ― -b4- And hence, (S, TA,) The ceiling, or roof, (S, Msb, K, TA,) of a house, or chamber, or tent, (S, K, TA,) and of anything; (K, TA;) in this sense masc.; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ samaAwapN also has this meaning. (S.) ― -b5- And The riwaAq, (M, K,) i. e. the $uq~ap [or oblong piece of cloth] that is beneath the upper, or uppermost, $uq~apN, (M,) of a bayot [or tent]; (M, K;) in which sense it is fem., and sometimes masc.; (M;) as also ↓ samaAwapN; (M, K;) [and so, app., ↓ simaAyapN; for] one says, A^aSolaHa simaAyatahu, with kesr, [He repaired his smAyp,] meaning, his samaAwap. (TA.) ― -b6- And The clouds; (Zj, K;) because of their height: (Zj, TA:) or a cloud. (Msb.) ― -b7- And Rain; (S, M, Msb, K;) because it comes forth from the samaA=' [i. e. sky or clouds]: (TA:) or a good rain (maTorapN jay~idapN): (K, TA:) or a new rain (maTorapN jadiydapN): (T, TA:) or, as some say, rain that has not fallen upon the earth; so called in consideration of what has been said above [of its meaning the “ clouds ” &c.]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [but] one says, maA zilonaA naTaA^u Als~amaA='a Hat~aY A^atayonaAkumo [We ceased not to tread upon the rain until we came to you]: (S, TA:) applied to rain, it is masc., and fem. also because of its connexion with the samaA=' that canopies the earth; (M;) or it is fem., as meaning saHaAbapN: (Msb:) the pl. [of mult.] is sumiY~N (S, M, Msb, TA) and [of pauc.] A^asomiyapN. (S, TA.) banuw maA='i Als~amaA='i is an appellation of The Arabs; [signifying the sons of the water of the heaven;] because of their keeping much to the deserts which are the places of the falling of rain [by means of which they subsist]: or by maA=' AlsmA=' is meant Zemzem, which God made to well forth for the Arabs, who are therefore like the sons thereof. (TA.) ― -b8- [Hence, app., as being likened to rain by reason of the swiftness of his running,] a certain horse, (M, K,) belonging to Sakhr the brother of El-Khansà, (M,) was named Als~amaA='u. (M, K.) ― -b9- [Hence, likewise, as being likened to rain, (assumed tropical:) Bounty.] One says, A^aSaAbaniY bira$oHapK mino samaAy^ihi (assumed tropical:) [He gave me a gift from his store of bounty]. (A in art. r$H.) ― -b10- Also (assumed tropical:) Herbage; because produced by the rain, which is thus called. (TA.) ― -b11- And The back of a horse; (S, Msb, K;) because of its height: coupled with [its opposite] A^aroDN [q. v.]. (S, TA.) ― -b12- And of a sandal, [in like manner opposed to A^aroDN,] The upper part [of the sole, i. e. the upper surface thereof], upon which the foot is placed. (M.) -A2- See also samaAwapN. : see samaAwapN. : see saAmK, in two places. ― -b2- [Also] A competitor, or contender for superiority, in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excel-lence; i. q. ↓ musaAmK, (S, TA,) and muTaAwilN: (TA:) thus the word, in the accus. case, is said to signify in the Kur xix. 66: (S, TA:) or it there has the meaning here next following. (S, M, TA.) ― -b3- A like, or an equal: (S, M, K TA:) and this meaning the word, in the accus. case, is said by some to have in the Kur xix. 8: or in this instance it has the meaning here following. (M, TA.) ― -b4- A namesake of another. (S, M, K, TA.) ― -b5- The fem. is samiy~apN. (M, TA.) dim. of AisomN, q. v. dim. of samaA='N, q. v. and sumawiY~N: see AisomiY~u. : see samaA='N, in three places. ― -b2- Also The form, or figure, seen from a distance, (S, M, K, TA,) [or] such as is high, or elevated, (TA,) of anything; (S, M, K, TA;) and the aspect thereof: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ samaA='N and ↓ samaAwN; the latter mentioned by Ks. (M, TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, samaA=wapu AlhilaAli Hat~aY A@HoqawoqafaA [The form, &c., of the moon when near the change, until it became curved]. (S.) : see samaA='N, in the middle of the paragraph. and samaAwiY~N [Of, or relating to, the sky or heaven; heavenly; celestial;] rel. ns. from samaA='N. (Msb, TA.) [High, or lofty; as also ↓ samiY~N: pl. of the former sawaAmK; applied to women as pl. of saAmiyapN, whence the phrase sawaAmiY AlT~arofi in a verse cited voce buDoEN; and to irrational animals, as in an instance here following]. One says Alquruwmu Als~awaAmiY The stallions [meaning the stallion-camels high in their heads, or] raising their heads high. (S, TA.) And saAmiyaAtN, [pl. of saAmiyapN,] applied to camels, That raise, or raise high, their eyes and their heads. (Ham p. 791.) And radadotu mino saAmiY Tarofihi [app. an elliptical phrase, naxowatahu (which is expressed in the explanation) or a similar word being understood; i. e. (assumed tropical:) I repelled the pride, or haughtiness, of him who was lofty in look;] meaning I contracted to him [or to the lofty in look] his soul, and annulled his pride, or haughtiness. (S, TA.) And AlA^anofi ↓ samiY~u [lit. Highnosed] means (assumed tropical:) disdainful, or scornful. (T and K in art. Anf.) ― -b2- [Also act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses. ― -b3- And hence,] sumaApN, (S, M, K,) of which it is the sing., (M,) signifies Hunters (S, M, K) going forth to the chase: (K:) an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: or, as some say, hunters in the day-time, peculiarly: or hunters wearing the socks, or stockings, called misomaAp. (M.) , (S, M, Msb, K,) with the conjunctive A, [i. e. written A@somN,] but this is made disjunctive by poetic license [as well as when the word commences a sentence], (S,) usually with kesr [when the | is disjunctive], (Lh, M, TA,) and AusomN, (S, M, K,) of the dial. of Benoo-'Amr-Ibn-Temeem and of Kudá'ah, (M, TA,) mentioned by IAar, (TA,) and ↓ simN and ↓ sumN (S, M, K) and ↓ samN, (K,) and ↓ sumFA (M, K) and ↓ simFA and ↓ samFA, (K,) [The name of a thing; i. e.] a sign [such as may be uttered or written] conveying knowledge of a thing; syn. EalaAmapN: and a word applied to denote a substance or an accident or attribute, for the purpose of distinction: (M, K:) [or a substantive in the proper sense of this term, i. e. a real substantive; and a substance in a tropical sense of this term, i. e. an ideal substantive:] as expl. by El-Munáwee, in the “ Towkeef, ” the Asm is that which denotes a meaning in itself unconnected with any of the three times [past and present and future]: if denoting what subsists by itself, it is termed Aisomu EayonK; and if denoting what does not subsist by itself, [i. e. an accident or attribute,] whether existent, as AlEilomu [i. e. knowledge], or non-existent, as Aljaholu [i. e. ignorance], it is termed Aisomu maEonFY: (TA:) the pl. is A^asomaA='N [a pl. of pauc.] and A^asomaAwaAtN, (S, M, K,) the latter said by Lh to be a pl. of AisomN, but it is rather a pl. of A^asomaA='N, for otherwise there is no way of accounting for it, (M,) and A^asaAmK (S, M, K) and A^asaAmiY~u (M, K) are [likewise] pls. of A^asomaA='N: (K, * TA:) the word A@somN [i. e. AisomN or AusomN] is derived from samawotu, (S, TA,) or from Als~umuw~u, (Msb, Er-Rághib, TA,) because the Asm is a means of raising into notice the thing denoted thereby, and making it known: (S, * Er-Rághib, TA:) it is of the measure AifoEN [or AufoEN, accord. to different dialects], the last radical, w, being wanting in it, (S, Msb, TA,) and the hemzeh [or rather |] being prefixed by way of compensation for it, accord to a general rule; (Msb, TA;) for it is originally simowN (S, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA) or sumowN, (S, Msb, TA,) its pl. being A^asomaA='N, and its dim. being ↓ sumaY~N [originally samayowN]: (S, Msb, Er-Rághib, * TA:) some of the Koofees hold that it is from Alwasomu, meaning AlEalaAmapu, the w, which is the primal radical, being rejected, and the hemzeh [or |] being substituted for it, so that its measure is AiEolN [or AuEolN]; but this is a weak opinion, for, were it so, the dim. would be wasayomN and the pl. would be A^awosaAmN. (Msb, TA.) One says, Aisomu h`*aA ka*aA [The name of this is thus, or such a word]; and if you will you may say, Ausomu h`*A k*A; and in like manner, ↓ simuhu and ↓ sumuhu: Lh says that Aisomuhu fulaAnN [His name is Such a one] is the [common] phrase of the Arabs; and he mentions Ausomuhu fulaAnN as heard from [the tribe of] Benoo-'Amr-Ibn-Temeem: and Ks cites, as heard from some of [the tribe of] Benoo-Kudá'ah, the saying, ↓ biA@somi A@l~a*iY fiY kul~i suwrapK sumuho [In the name of Him whose name is in every chapter of the Kur-án], and ↓ simuho as heard from others, not of Kudá'ah. (M.) siro EalaY A@somi A@ll~`hi is an elliptical phrase [for siro muEotamidFA EalaY *ikori A@somi A@ll~`hi Journey thou relying upon the mention of the name of God]. (IJ, M in art. dl: see daliylN.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A@somN signifies also (assumed tropical:) Fame, renown, report, or reputation, of a person: (TA:) and so ↓ sumFA, in relation to good, (K, TA,) not to evil; mentioned by Az. (TA.) One says, *ahaba A@somuhu fiY Aln~aAsi, i. e. His fame &c. [went, or spread, among mankind, or the people]. (TA.) [Of, or relating to, a name or noun or substantive;] rel. n. from AisomN; as also ↓ simawiY~N and ↓ sumawiY~N. (S, TA.) [Hence, jumolapN A@somiy~apN A nominal proposition or phrase; as distinguished from fiEoly~apN, or verbal.] [ The quality of a name or noun or substantive.] The socks, or stockings, worn by a hunter, (M, K, TA,) to protect him from the heat of the burning ground. (TA.) [Named]. ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, huwa mino musam~aY qawomihi and musam~aAtihimo, meaning (assumed tropical:) He is of the best of his people or party. (TA.) : see samiY~N. sn , (M, L, K,) [aor. ,] inf. n. san~N, (M,) He (a man, M, L) bit him (another man, M, L) with his A^asonaAn [or teeth]. (M, L, K: but in the K, with the A^asonaAn.) [Hence, app.,] sun~ati AlA^aroDu The herbage of the land was eaten. (L, K.) ― -b2- And, (M, L, in the K “ or, ”) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L,) He broke his (a man's, M, L) A^asonaAn [or teeth]. (M, L, K.) ― -b3- sun~ati Albadanapu: and san~ahaA A@ll~`hu: see 4. ― -b4- Also, (accord. to the M and L, but accord. to the K “ or, ”) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L,) He pierced him, or thrust him, with the sinaAn [or spear-head]. (M, L, K.) And san~ahu biAlr~umoHi He pierced him, or thrust him, with the spear. (L.) ― -b5- And He fixed, or mounted, upon it (i. e. the spear) the sinaAn [or iron head]; (M, L, K;) and ↓ A^asan~ahu he put to it a sinaAn. (L.) ― -b6- Also, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L, Msb,) He sharpened it, whetted it, or made it sharp-pointed, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) and polished it, (M, L, K,) namely, a thing, (M, L,) or a knife; (S, L, Msb, K;) and so ↓ sn~nhu: (M, L, K:) and san~a he sharpened, whetted, or made sharp-pointed, a spear-head upon the misan~: (L:) and he rubbed, or grated, a stone upon a stone. (Fr, L.) ― -b7- [Hence,] san~aniY h`*aA Al$~aYo'u (assumed tropical:) This thing [sharpened my appetite;] made me desirous of food. (K.) The Arabs say [also] AlHamoDu tasun~u AlA_ibila EalaY Alxul~api (assumed tropical:) The [plants, or trees, called] HmD strengthen the camels [or sharpen their appetites] for the [plants, or trees, called] xl~p, like as the whetstone strengthens [or sharpens] the edge of the knife. (L.) ― -b8- [Hence also,] san~a A^aDoraAsahu, (M, L, K, *) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (M, L,) He rubbed and cleaned his teeth with the stick used for that purpose; (M, L, K;) as though he polished them. (M, L.) ― -b9- And san~a AlA_ibila, (ISk, S, M, L,) or AlmaAla, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L,) He tended well, (K,) or pastured and tended well, (ISk, S, L,) or pastured, and rendered fat, or plump, (M, L,) the camels, (ISk, S, M, L,) or the cattle; (K;) [so that they became in good condition, free from mange or the like;] as though he polished them. (ISk, S, M, L, K.) ― -b10- And san~uwA AlmaAla They sent the cattle into the pasturage. (El-Muärrij, S, L, K. *) ― -b11- And san~a AlA_ibila, (M, L, K,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (M, L,) He drove the camels quickly: (M, L, K:) or, as some say, Als~an~u signifies Als~ayoru Al$~adiydu [i. e. the making to go vehemently; Als~ayoru being here syn. with Alt~asoyiyru]: (M, L:) you say, sananotu Aln~aAqapa I made the she-camel to go (sirotuhaA, S, or say~arotuhaA, L) vehemently. (S, L.) ― -b12- A_Kn~amaA A_unas~aY liA^asun~a, occurring in a trad., meaning I am made to forget only that I may drive men by directing to the right way, and show them what is needful for them to do when forgetfulness occurs to them, may be from san~a [expl. above as] meaning “ he pastured and tended well ” the camels. (L.) ― -b13- san~a Ealayohi AlmaA='a, [aor. and inf. n. as above,] He poured forth the water upon him, or it; (M, L, K;) as also ↓ Asn~hu: (Ham p. 611:) or he discharged the water gently upon him, or it. (M, L.) You say, sananotu AlmaA='a EalaY wajohiY, (S, L,) or EalaY Alwajohi, (Msb,) or san~a AlmaA='a EalaY wajohihi, (L,) or fiY wajohihi, (Mgh,) aor. as above, (Mgh, L,) and so the inf. n., (L,) I [or he] discharged the water without scattering upon his face: if scattering it in pouring, you say, $ananotu: (S, L:) or I, or he, poured the water gently (Mgh, L, Msb) upon the face, (Msb,) or upon his face. (Mgh, L.) And san~a Alt~uraAba He poured the dust, or earth, gently upon the ground: (S, L:) and he put it gently upon a corpse. (L.) And san~ati AlEayonu Ald~amoEa, aor. and inf. n. as above, The eye poured forth tears. (M, L.) And Ausonuno quruwna farasika Make the [issues of] sweat to flow from thy horse by plying him hard, in order that he may become lean, or light of flesh: and sun~a lahu qaronN, and quruwnN, An issue, and issues, of his sweat, was, and were, made to flow. (L.) san~a Ealayohi Ald~iroEa, (S, M, L, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S, M, L,) He put (lit. poured) upon him the coat of mail. (S, M, L, K.) ― -b14- san~a AlfaHolu Aln~aAqapa The stallion threw down the she-camel (kab~ahaA, in copies of the K [erroneously] rakibahaA,) upon her face. (L, K. * [See also 3.]) ― -b15- san~a AlT~iyna He plastered pottery with the clay: (M, L:) or he made the clay into pottery. (M, L, K.) ― -b16- san~ahu, (S, L, K,) aor. as above, (S,) and so the inf. n., (S, L,) also signifies He formed it, fashioned it, or shaped it; (S, L, K;) namely, a thing: (K:) and some say, he made it long. (L.) ― -b17- And [from the former of these two meanings, app.,] He instituted, established, or prescribed, it, i. e. a custom, practice, usage, or the like, whether good or bad; set the example of it; originated it as a custom &c. to be followed by others after him. (L.) You say, sananotu lakumo sun~apF faA@t~abiEuwhaA [I have instituted &c., for you an institute, a custom, a practice, a usage, or the like, to be followed, therefore follow ye it]. (L.) And san~a fulaAnN TariyqFA mina Alxayori, aor. and inf. n. as above, Such a one originated [or instituted] an act of goodness, or piety, [or a good, or pious, way of acting,] which his people knew not, and which they afterwards followed, or pursued. (L.) And san~a A@ll~`hu sun~atahu liln~aAsi God manifested, or made known, his statutes, or ordinances, and commands and prohibitions, [i. e. his laws,] to men: (M, L:) and san~a A@ll~`hu sun~apF God manifested, or made known, a right way [of acting &c.]: (L:) [and in like manner one says of any one,] san~a AlA^amora He manifested, or made known, the thing, affair, or case. (K.) ― -b18- And san~a sun~apF, (M, L,) or TariyqapF, (K,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (M, L,) He pursued [a way, course, rule, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or life or the like]; as also ↓ Astn~hA; (M, L;) or ↓ Astsn~hA; (so in the K;) and bihaA ↓ Astn~: (K in art. syr:) and biTariyqK mina Alxayori ↓ Astsn~wA [They followed, or pursued, a good, or pious, way of acting]. (L.) It is said in a trad. respecting the Magians, A^aholi AlkitaAbi ↓ sun~uwA bihimo sun~apa, i. e. Pursue ye with them the way of the People of the Scripture, or Bible; act with them as ye act with these; granting them security on the condition of receiving [from them] the [tax called] jizoyap. (Mgh, L. *) -A2- sun~a is also expl. as meaning He, or it, became altered for the worse, or stinking: so in a trad. of Barwaa the daughter of Wáshik, where it is said, kaAna zawojuhaA sun~a fiY biy^orK [Her husband had become altered for the worse, or stinking, having died, in a well which he had descended]: from the saying in the Kur mino HamaA^ masonuwnK: [see masonuwnN:] but some say that he [who used this phrase] meant [to say, or meant thereby,] A^asina, i. e. his head became affected with vertigo by reason of a foul odour that he smelt, and he swooned. (L.) : see 1, near the beginning. ― -b2- [Hence,] sn~n AlmanoTiqa (assumed tropical:) He made the speech good, or beautiful; (M, L, K;) as though he polished it. (M, L.) ― -b3- And sn~n A_ilayohi Alr~umoHa, (M, L, K,) inf. n. tasoniynN, (M, L,) He directed, or pointed, the spear towards him, or it. (M, L, K.) , inf. n. musaAn~apN and sinaAnN, (S, M, L, K,) He (the stallion-camel) bit the she-camel with the fore part of the mouth: (L:) or he opposed himself to her, (M, L,) or drove her, (S, L,) or bit her with the fore part of the mouth, and drove her, (K,) to make her lie down, (S, M, L, K,) in order that he might cover her: (S, M, * L, K:) or he covered her without her desiring it, or before she desired it, by force. (IB, L.) , (S, M, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. A_isonaAnN, (Mgh, L, Msb,) said of a man, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) and of other than man, (Msb,) i. q. kabira [meaning He became advanced in age, or fullgrown], (S, L, Msb,) or kabirato sin~uhu [which means the same]; (M, L, K;) as also ↓ Astsn~: (K:) but Az says that AlA_isonaAnu in the case of an animal of the ox-kind and of the sheep or goat, is not the same as in that of a man: for in such animals it means [the attaining to the age of] the coming forth of the [permanent] vaniy~ap [or central incisor]: (Msb:) or in such animals it means at least [the attaining to the age of] the shedding of the [tooth called] vny~p [which is generally said to be in the third year]; and at the utmost in such animals, [the attaining to the age of] what is termed AlS~uluwg or Als~uluwg [which is in the sixth year]; and at the utmost in camels, [the attaining to the age of] what is termed Albuzuwl [which is generally in the ninth year]. (Mgh, L.) [It is also expl. in the K as meaning His tooth grew forth: but the right explanation is one given in the Mgh and L; i. e. his tooth whereby he became masin~ grew forth.] lamo yusonano, occurring in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar, as some relate it, is a mistake for lamo yusonino. (Mgh, L.) And Albadanapu ↓ sun~ati, a phrase mentioned by Kt, as meaning The teeth of the bdnp grew forth, is also a mistake [for A^asan~at]. (L.) ― -b2- You say also, Asn~ sadiysu Aln~aAqapi The [tooth called] sdys of the she-camel grew forth, i. e. in the eighth year. (S, L.) -A2- Also, said of God, He made a tooth to grow forth. (S, L, K.) A@ll~`hu ↓ san~ahaA, [referring to the teeth of a badanap,] a phrase mentioned by Kt, is a mistake [for A^asan~ahaA]. (L.) ― -b2- See also 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places. [He took him, or it, as an exemplar, example, or object to be imitated]. (K voce qudowapN.) ― -b2- tsn~n fiY Eadowihi He (a man) went at random, heedlessly, or in a headlong manner, in his running; as also ↓ Astn~. (M, L.) -A2- See also 5 in art. snh, last signification. i. q. takaAdamat [meaning The stallion-camels bit one another with the fore part of the mouth]. (L, K.) He rubbed and cleaned his teeth with the siwaAk [or piece of stick used for that purpose]; (S, M, L, K;) he made use of the siwaAk, passing it over his teeth. (L.) ― -b2- And He took, or seized, with the teeth. (KL.) -A2- Astn~t AlEayonu The eye poured forth its tears. (M, L.) ― -b2- Astn~ said of the blood of a wound made with a spear or the like, It issued in a gush. (AZ, L.) ― -b3- Said of the saraAb [or mirage], It was, or became, in a state of commotion, went to and fro, or quivered. (M, L, K.) ― -b4- Said of a horse, i. q. qamaSa [app. as meaning He pranced, leaped, sprang, or bounded]: (S, K:) he frisked; or was brisk, lively, or sprightly: he ran, in his friskiness, briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness, in one direction: he ran, by reason of his friskiness, briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness, a heat, or two heats, without a rider upon him: (L:) he ran to and fro, by reason of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: from san~a as signifying “ he poured forth ” water, and as signifying “ he sharpened ” iron upon a whetstone. (Har p. 47.) It is said in a prov., Aisotan~ati AlfiSaAlu Hat~aY AlqaroEaY, (S, Meyd, L,) or AlfuSolaAnu, (Meyd,) i. e. The young weaned camels leaped, sprang, or bounded; (S * L;) even those affected with the small pustules called qaraE; (Meyd, L;) which are small white pustules, the remedy for which is salt, and the butter (jubaAb) of camels' milk: (Meyd:) when the healthy young weaned camels do thus, those affected with such pustules do the like in imitation, but become disabled from doing it by weakness: the prov. is applied to the man who introduces himself among a people, or party, to whom he does not belong: (L:) or to him who speaks with one before whom he should not speak by reason of the greatness of his rank: and some related it differently, saying, AlqurayoEaY [which is the dim. of AlqaroEaY]; (Meyd;) and AlquroEu [which is pl. of AlA^aqoraEu, q. v.]: and some say that Astn~t AlfiSaAlu signifies the young weaned camels became fat, or plump, and their skins became [sleek] like masaAn~ [or whetstones]. (L.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, raA^ayotu A^abaAhu yasotan~u bisayofihi kamaA yasotan~u Aljamalu, meaning [I saw his father] exulting with briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness, and brandishing his sword, [like as the camel exults with briskness, and lashes with his tail.] (L.) See also 5. ― -b5- [Also He took, held, or followed, the sanan, i. e., road, or way, or main and middle part thereof: and he, or it, was, or lay, in the way. Hence,] one says, xu*o maA A@sotan~a, meaning [Take thou what lies in the way;] what is easily attainable; what offers itself without difficulty. (AA, TA voce Ainotadaba.) ― -b6- See also 1, near the end of the paragragh, in two places. see 4: -A2- and see also 1, near the end of the paragraph, in two places. ― -b2- Aisotasan~ati AlT~ariyqu The road was travelled. (K.) The wind blew coldly, or coolly; as also nasonasat: so in the Nawádir. (L.) i. q. DirosN [as meaning A tooth; in which sense this latter word is often used; though it is frequently restricted to a molar tooth, or to any of the teeth except the central incisors]: (M, L, K:) [or, accord. to some, a single tooth; i. e. one that is not of the double, or molar, kind; as shown by a description in what follows:] of the fem. gender: (S, M, L, Msb:) pl. A^asonaAnN (S, M, L, Msb, K) and A^asin~apN and A^asun~N, (M, L, K,) the last of these mentioned by Lh, and this and the second anomalous; (M, L;) or the second is allowable as pl. of the first of these pls.; (S;) or it is pl. of the sinaAn of the spear; but may also be pl. of A^asonaAnN as pl. of sin~N applied to herbage upon which camels pasture, in an instance to be cited in what follows: (A'Obeyd, T, L:) the vulgar say A_isonaAn and A^usonaAn, which are wrong: (Msb:) the A^asonaAn of a human being consist of four vanaAyaA, and four rabaAEiyaAt, and four A^anoyaAb, and four nawaAji*, and sixteen A^aDoraAs: or, as some say, four vnAyA, and four rbAEyAt, and four AnyAb, and four nwAj*, and four DawaAHik, and twelve A^aroHaA=': (Msb:) or the A^asonaAn and A^aDoraAs together make up the number of thirty-two; the vnAbA are four, two above and two below [in the middle]; next are the rbAEyAt, which are four, two above and two below; next are the AnyAb, which are four [likewise, two above and two below]; and next are the ADrAs, which are twenty, on each side five above and five below; and of these [last] the four that are next to the AnyAb are the DwAHk; next to each nAb, above and below, is a DaAHik; next to the DwAHk are the TawaAHin, also called the A^aroHaA=', which are twelve, on each side [above and below] three; and next to these are the nwAj*, which are the last of the teeth in growth, and the last of the ADrAs, on each side of the mouth one above and one below: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) the dim. of sin~N is ↓ sunayonapN, because it is fem. (S.) One says, laA A=tiyka sin~a AlHisoli, (S, M, L,) i. e. I will not come to thee as long as remains the tooth of the young one of the [kind of lizard called] Dab~; (M, L;) meaning, ever; (S, M, * L;) because the Hsl never sheds a tooth: (S, L:) or, as Lh relates it, on the authority of ElMufaddal, sin~aYo HisolK; [using the dual form of sin~N;] and [it may be rendered, accord. to the former reading, (assumed tropical:) during the life of the young one of the D~b, for] he says, they assert that the Db~ lives three hundred years, and that it is the longest-lived creeping thing upon the earth. (M, L.) A poet (Aboo-Jarwal El-Jushamee, whose name was Hind, L) says, describing camels taken as a bloodwit, fajaA='ato kasin~i AlZ~aboYi lamo A^ara mivolahaA bawaA='a qatiylK A^awo Haluwbapa jaAy^iEi [And they came; (assumed tropical:) like the age of the gazelle was the age of every one of them: I have not seen the like of them for an equivalent of a slain person, or a milch camel of one hungry: (I have given a reading of this verse that I have found in the M and TA in art. ZbY, instead of that in the present art. in the S and L, in which snA='a and sanaA='a are put in the place of bawaA='a app. for sinaA='a, an inf. n. of saAnaAhu, and as such here meaning a soothing, or the like:)] he means that they were vunoyaAn, [pl. of vaniY~N], because the vaniY~ is one shedding [or that has shed] his vaniy~ap, and the gazelle has no vaniy~ap [in the upper jaw], so that he is always [one that may be termed] a vaniY~. (S, L.) It is said in a trad., A_i*aA saAfarotumo fiY AlxiSobi faA^aEoTuwA Alr~ukuba A^asin~atahaA, [expl. as] meaning When ye journey in the land abounding with herbage, enable ye the ridden beasts to take of the pasturage: (S, L:) but Az states that A'Obeyd says, I know not A^asin~ap except as pl. of the sinaAn of the spear; and if the trad. be [correctly] preserved in memory, it seems to be pl. of A^asonaAn; for sin~N [sometimes] signifies the [portion of] herbage upon which camels pasture; and its pl. is A^asonaAnN; one says, A^asonaAnN mina AlmaroEaY; and the pl. of A^asonaAnN is A^asin~apN: Aboo-Sa'eed says that this last is pl. of sinaAnN, not of A^asonaAnN, and ↓ sinaAnN is applied to the [plants, or trees, called] HamoD, as meaning (assumed tropical:) a strengthener [i. e. a sharpener of the appetite] of the camels for the [plants, or trees, called] xul~ap: [see a phrase in the earlier part of the first paragraph:] in like manner, also, [he says,] when they light upon what is termed sin~N mina AlmaroEaY [a portion of pasturage], this is termed EalaY Als~ayori ↓ sinaAnN [a strengthener, or sharpener, for journeying]: this explanation is approved by Az, and likewise that of A'Obeyd: it is also related, on the authority of Fr, that Als~in~u signifies the eating vehemently: [a signification mentioned in the K as well as in the L:] and Az says, I have heard more than one of the Arabs say, A^aSaAbati AlA_ibilu Alyawoma sin~FA mina AlmaroEaY [The camels have obtained to-day a good portion of pasturage] when they have eaten well of the best of the pasturage: Z says that ↓ A^aEoTuwA Alr~ukuba A^asin~atahaA means (assumed tropical:) Give ye to the ridden beasts what will prevent their being slaughtered; for when their owner pastures them well, they become fat, and goodly in his eye, and therefore he withholds himself, with niggardliness, from slaughtering them, and this [condition of them] is likened to A^asin~ap [as meaning “ spear-heads ”] pl. of sinaAnN: [see also A^axa*ato rimaAHahaA, said of camels, voce rumoHN:] or if the pl. of sin~N be intended by it, the meaning is, enable ye them [i. e. the ridden beasts] to take of the pasturage; and hence the trad., A^aEoTuwA Als~in~a HaZ~ahaA mina Als~in~i, i. e. Give ye the possessors of the sin~ [meaning tooth] their share of the sin~ which is the pasture. (L.) Als~in~u is also used for *awaAtu Als~in~i [The possessors of the tooth] as meaning the slave and horses and the like and other animals, [collectively, in like manner as xuf~N and HaAfirN are used,] in a trad. of 'Omar. (L.) And it is said in a trad. of Ibn-Dhee-Yezen, laA^uwTiy^an~a A^asonaAna AlEarabi kaEobahu, for *awiY A^asonaAni AlEarabi, meaning [I will assuredly make] the great men and the nobles [of the Arabs to tread upon his ankle]. (L.) [But AsnAn in this instance may be pl. of sin~N in the sense here next following; so that *wY AsnAn may be rendered the advanced in age.]) ― -b2- Hence, (L,) (tropical:) Life; (S, M, L, Msb;) metaphorically used in this sense as indicative of its length and its shortness; (L;) [for the teeth vary with the length of life;] the measure, (K,) or extent, of life; (Msb, K;) [the age attained;] used in relation to human beings and others: (M, L, K:) of the fem. gender in this sense also, (M, L, Msb,) because meaning mud~apN: (Msb:) pl. A^asonaAnN, (M, L, K,) only. (M, L.) You say rajulN Hadiyvu Als~in~i, meaning (assumed tropical:) A young man. (S, Msb, K, all in art. Hdv.) And jaAwazotu A^asonaAna A^aholi bayotiY (assumed tropical:) [I have exceeded] the lives of the people of my house. (L.) And SadaqaniY sin~a bakorihi [and sin~u bakorihi, expl. in art. bkr]. (L.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) A like, an equal, or a match, in age, of another; (M, L, K;) like tin~N; (M, L;) as also ↓ saniynN, (M, L, K,) and ↓ siniynN, (L,) or ↓ sanynapN: (M, K:) in this sense also fem.; and [therefore] the dim. is ↓ sunayonapN; (L;) one says, AiboniY sunayonapu A@bonika [My son is the equal in age of thy son]: (El-Kanánee, L:) and the pl. is A^asun~N and A^asonaAnN. (L.) ― -b4- Also (assumed tropical:) A tooth of a minojal [or reaping-hook]: (M, L, K: *) pl. A^asonaAnN, signifying its A^u$ur. (L and K in art. A$r.) ― -b5- [And (assumed tropical:) A tooth of a comb.] The Arabs say kaA^asonaAni Almu$oTi meaning (assumed tropical:) [Like the teeth of the comb] in equality, in respect of any state, or condition: but if they mean equality in respect of evil, they say sawaAsiyapN kaA^asonaAni AlHimaAri [Equals like the teeth of the ass]; swAsyp being an anomalous pl. of sawaA='N. (Har p. 39.) ― -b6- And (assumed tropical:) The nib, i. e. the place of paring, of a writingreed: (S, L, K:) [and each lateral half of that part; for] the writing-reed has a right sin~ and a left sin~: (TA in art. Hrf:) [and ↓ sin~apN occurs in the K voce jilofapN as meaning the point of a writing-reed.] One says, A^aTilo sin~a qalamika wasam~inohaA waHar~ifo qiT~ataka waA^ayominohaA [Make long the nib, or pared portion, of thy writing-reed, and make it thick (lit. fat), and make thy mode of cutting the extremity of the nib oblique, and make it to incline towards the right]. (S, L. *) ― -b7- A tooth [or pin] of a key [app. of the kind of wooden lock called Dab~ap, q. v.]. (MA.) ― -b8- See also sinosinN. ― -b9- Also, (M, K, and A and K in art. fS,) or ↓ sin~apN, (S, JM,) A clove, (faS~N, S and A as syn. with sin~N in art. fS, and JM in explanation of sin~apN in the present art., or faS~apN, S and L in explanation of sin~apN,) or a Hab~ap [app. here meaning small distinct portion] of the head [app. here meaning bulb], (M and L and K in explanation of sin~N,) of garlic. (S, M, A, L, K, JM.) -A2- [Accord. to some,] one says, waqaEa fulaAnN fiY sin~i raA^osihi, meaning Such a one fell into [what equalled] the number of his hairs, of good, (M, * L, K, *) and of evil: (L:) or, as some say, into what he willed, or wished, and had authority to decide: (L, K:) but this is a mistranscription: (Meyd:) the correct saying is fiY siY~i raA^osihi, (Az, Meyd, L,) and sawaA='i raA^osihi, meaning he fell into a state of enjoyment, or welfare; (Meyd;) the former sometimes expl. as meaning, [he lighted upon, or came upon, what equalled] the number of the hairs of his head, of wealth, or good: (A'Obeyd, Meyd:) or what equalled [the hairs of] his head, of abundance of herbage, or of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life: (Az, L, and Meyd * on the authority of IAar:) the saying is a prov. (Meyd.) -A3- Als~in~u also signifies The wild bull. (L, K.) , (K,) or ↓ sin~apN, (so in the L,) A she-bear; syn. dub~apN. (K: in the L dib~ap.) And A she-lynx: syn. fahodapN. (L, K.) A way, course, rule, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or life or the like; syn. TariyqapN, (Mgh, L, Msb,) as also ↓ sananN, (S, L,) and siyrapN; (S, M, L, Msb, K;) whence the saying, sun~uwA bihimo sun~apa A^aholi AlkitaAbi, expl. in the first paragraph of this art., last sentence but one, (Mgh,) and the saying of the Hudhalee [Khálid Ibn-Zuheyr] cited in the first paragraph of art. syr; (S;) and this is [said to be] the primary signification; (L;) whether good, or bad; (M, L;) approved or disapproved: (Msb:) or, accord. to Sh, a way [of acting &c.] that has been instituted, or pursued, by former people, and has become one pursued by those after them; and this, he says, is the primary signification: (L:) it signifies also [particularly] a way of acting &c. that is commended, or approved, and right; wherefore one says, fulaAnN mino A^aholi Als~un~api [Such a one is of the people of the commended and right way of acting &c.; generally meaning, of those who follow the institutes, or ways, of the Prophet]; and is from ↓ sananN signifying “ a way, ” or “ road; ” (T, L;) and is also syn. with sananN: (L:) and [the laws, i. e] the statutes, or ordinances, and commands and prohibitions, of God: (Lh, M, L, K:) [also a practice or saying, or the practices and sayings collectively, of Mohammad, or any other person who is an authority in matters of religion, namely, any prophet, or a Companion of Mohammad, (see Kull p. 203,) as handed down by tradition:] when used unrestrictedly in matters of the law, Als~un~apu means only what the Prophet [Mohammad] has commanded, and what has been handed down from him by tradition, [or, as in the JM, and what he forbade,] and what he has invited to do, by word or deed, of such things as are not mentioned in the Kur-án; wherefore one says, in speaking of the directions, or evidences, of the law, AlkitaAbu waAls~un~apu meaning the Kur-án and the Traditions: (L:) [thus used, it may be rendered the institutes of the Prophet; or his rule or usage:] or in the law it signifies the way of acting &c. that is pursued in religion without being made obligatory, or necessary; it is what the Prophet persevered in doing, or observing, with omitting, or neglecting, [it] sometimes; and if the said persevering is in the way of religious service, it constitutes [what are termed] sunanu AlhudaY; if in the way of custom, sunanu Alz~awaAy^idi: so that sun~apu AlhudaY [the sun~ap of right direction] is that of which the observance is a completion of religion, and it is that to the omission, or neglect, whereof attach blame and misdemeanour; and sun~apu Alz~awaAy^idi [the sun~ap of supererogatory acts] is that of which the observance is good, but to the omission, or neglect, whereof neither blame nor misdemeanour attaches, such as the ways of the Prophet in his standing and sitting and clothing and eating: (KT:) sunanN is the pl. (Msb.) sun~apu AlA^aw~aliyna, in the Kur xviii. 53, i. e. sun~atunaA fiY AlA^aw~aliyna [The way pursued by us in respect of the former, or preceding peoples], means the destruction decreed to befall them; (Jel;) or extirpation; (Bd;) or, as Zj says, their beholding punishment; (A^an~ahumo EaAyanuwA AlEa*aAba; [or, as expl. in the K, muEaAyanapu AlEa*aAbi;]) for the believers in a plurality of gods said, [as is related in the Kur viii. 32,] O God, if this be the truth from Thee, then do Thou rain down upon us stones from heaven. (M, L.) ― -b2- Also Nature; natural, or native, disposition, temper, or other quality or property: (M, L, K:) pl. sunanN. (M, L.) ― -b3- And The face; (M, L, K;) because of its polish and smoothness: (M, L:) or the ball of the cheek (Hur~u Alwajohi): or the circuit (daAy^irap) of the face: or the form: (M, L, K:) or the form of the face: (S:) or the forehead and two sides thereof: (M, L, K:) all from the meaning of polish and smoothness and evenness: (M, L:) or the principal part of the face; the part thereof in which beauty is generally known to lie: (M in art. Am:) or the side of the cheek: pl. sunanN. (L.) You say, rajulN qabiayHu Als~un~api A man foul, or ugly, in respect of the form, and of what confronts one, of the face. (L.) And huwa A^a$obahu $aYo'K sun~apF waA^um~apF He is the most like thing in form, and face, and in stature. (L.) ― -b4- And The black line, or streak, on the back of the ass. (L.) -A2- Also, (S, K,) or ↓ sin~apN, (so in the L,) A sort of dates, of ElMedeeneh, (S, L, K,) well known. (L.) : see sin~N, in the last quarter of the paragraph, in two places. ― -b2- Also i. q. sik~apN, meaning A ploughshare; i. e. the iron thing with which the ground is ploughed up: (AA, IAar, S, L: [see also luw^amapN:]) pl. sinanN. (L.) ― -b3- [And] A twoheaded faA^osK [i. e. hoe or adz or axe]: (K:) or [its pl.] sinanN signifies [simply] i. q. fuw^uwsN [pl. of faA^osN]. (L.) -A2- See also san~apN: -A3- and see sun~apN, last sentence. A way, or road: (T, L:) the main and middle part thereof; (A'Obeyd, Mgh, L;) the beaten track, or part along which one travels, thereof; as also ↓ sunanN: (A'Obeyd, L:) the nahoj [i. e. plain, or open, track] of the road; and so ↓ sunanN and ↓ sununN (M, L, K) and ↓ sinanN: (K:) and, all of these, the course, or direction, of the road: (M, L, K:) but ISd says, [in the M,] I know not ↓ sinanN on any other authority than that of Lh. (L.) One says, tanaH~a Eano sanani AlT~ariyqi (S, L, Msb) and ↓ sunanihi and ↓ sununihi [Go thou away, or aside, from the main and middle part of the road, or from the beaten track thereof; &c.]: (S, L:) and Eano sanani Alxayoli (S, Msb) from the way of the horses, (Msb,) or from the course, or direction, thereof. (S.) And taraka fulaAnN laka sanana AlT~ariyqi and ↓ suanahu (Lh, M, L) and ↓ sununahu (L) and ↓ sinanahu (Lh, M, L) [respecting which last see what precedes] Such a one left, or has left, to thee the course, or direction, of the road. (Lh, M, L.) And AimoDi EalY sananika and ↓ sunanika (L) or ↓ sununika (M) Go along on thy course. (M, L.) sananN also signifies A way of acting or the like; syn. TariyqapN; (S, L;) as also sun~apN: (Mgh, L, Msb: see the latter word, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places:) you say, AisotaqaAma fulaAnN EalaY sananK waAHidK [Such a one went on undeviatingly in one way]: (S, L, Msb: *) and [in like manner] ↓ jaA='ati Alr~iyHu sanaAy^ina The wind came in one way, (S, K,) in one course, or direction, and one way, (M, L,) not varying: (S, L:) and [similar to the former of these two phrases is the saying] banaY Alqawomu buyuwtahumo EalaY sananK waAHidK i. e. [The people, or party, built their houses, or constructed their tents,] in one mode, or manner. (M, L.) Also The aim, or intention, of a man. (ISh, M, * L.) [Accord. to Fei,] Als~ananu also signifies Alwajohu mina AlA^aroDi [by which may be meant The place, or tract, or quarter, of the land, towards which one goes; or it may mean the face, or surface, of the ground]: and so ↓ sununN and ↓ sunanN. (Msb.) -A2- Als~ananu also signifies AlA_ibilu tasotan~u fiY EadowihaA [app. meaning The camels that leap, spring, or bound, in their running; (see 8;) or rather Als~ananu mina AlA_ibili has this meaning, as appears from what here follows]: (K:) or [a horse, or camel,] that perseveres in his running and advancing and retiring: and one says, jaA='a sananN mina Alxayoli, i. e. $awoTN [app. meaning There came a number of horses running a heat; for $wT in this explanation seems, from the phrase to which it relates and from what immediately precedes the mention of that phrase, to be an inf. n. used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, and therefore, agreeably with a common rule, applied to a pl. number as well as to a single individual]: (M, L:) and jaA='a mina Alxayolu sananN laA yurad~u wajohuhu [app. meaning, in like manner, There came, of the horses, a number running a heat, the course of which was not to be turned away]; (S, L; not expl. in either;) and so, mina AlA_ibili [of the camels]. (L.) ― -b2- And Sh explains sananN as applied in a verse of El-Aashà to People, or a party, hastening to fight, or slay. (L.) -A3- Also, [as a quasi-inf. n.,] The leaping, springing, or bounding, [so I here render AisotinaAn, inf. n. of 8, which see for other, similar, meanings,] of camels and of horses. (L. [It is there mentioned in another place, and in the M, as a subst., meaning a quasi-inf.n., from Aisotan~a.]) : see the next preceding paragraph, in six places. ― -b2- It is also pl. of sun~apN [q. v.]. (Msb, &c.) : see sananN, in five places. : see sananN, in three places. , also pronounced san~aAn: see sanaA, in art. snw and snY, last sentence. , (K,) or sinaAnu rumoHK, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) A spear-head; (K;) the iron [head] of a spear: so called because of its polish: (M, L:) pl. A^asin~apN. (T, S, Msb, K.) One says, huwa A^aTowaEu Als~inaAni He is one to whom the spear-head is subservient, howsoever he will. (K.) ― -b2- See also an ex. of its pl. voce sin~N, in the middle of the paragraph. -A2- And sinaAnN is syn. with misan~N, q.v. (S, M, L.) ― -b2- See also sin~N, near the middle of the paragraph, in two places. -A3- Also Flies; syn. *ib~aAnN [pl. of *ubaAbN]. (El-Muärrij, L.) A dentifrice; (S, M, L, K;) a medicament with which the teeth are rubbed and cleansed, compounded for the purpose of strengthening and freshening them: (L:) pl. sanuwnaAtN. (K in art. srT [where, in the CK, sufuwfaAtN is erroneously put in its place].) -A2- See also saniynapN. and sunuwna pls. of sanapN: see this last in art. snh. : see masonuwnN, in two places. ― -b2- Also What flows [upon, or from, the whetstone] on the occasion of sharpening iron [or a knife or the like], and which is always stinking. (Fr, L.) And What falls from a stone when one rubs, or grates, it (Fr, S, L, K) upon another stone. (Fr, L.) -A2- See also sin~N, in the latter half of the paragraph. : see sin~N, in the latter half of the paragraph. -A2- See also sanapN (of which it is a pl.) in art. snh. Elevated sands extending lengthwise upon the ground: or sands having the form of HibaAl [pl. of HabolN, q. v.]: and ↓ sanuwnN is syn. therewith in the former or latter of these senses: (M, L:) or sanAy^inu has the former of these meanings, and saniynapN is its sing. (S, K.) -A2- Also Wind: (M, L, K:) [or a gentle wind: (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees:)] pl. sanaAy^inu. (L.) ― -b2- See also the pl., in relation to wind, voce sananN, near the middle of the paragraph. -A3- See also sin~N, in the latter half of the paragraph. : see sin~N, of which it is the dim., in the former half of the paragraph: -A2- and again, in the latter half of the same. -A3- See also sanapN (of which it is an irreg. dim.) in art. snh. The edge (S, M, L, K) of a vertebra (S, M, L) or of the vertebræ (K) of the back; (S, M, L, K;) as also ↓ sinosinapN and ↓ sin~N: (M, L, K:) pl. sanaAsinu: (S, L:) and the head [of any] of the bones of the breast: and the extremity of the rib in the breast: (K:) or, as some say, sanaAsinu signifies the heads of the extremities of the bones of the breast, which are the soft heads of the bones of the zawor: or the extremities of the ribs in the breast: or, of a horse, the prominent [ribs, or anterior parts of the ribs, called] jawaAniH, resembling the DuluwE, but stopping short of the DuluwE: (M, L:) or the upper part of the hump of a camel: (Ham p. 689:) [or the middle of the lower part of the hump; for,] accord. to Az, laHomu sanaAsini AlbaEiyri signifies the flesh that is between the two sides, or halves, of the hump of the camel; which is the best of the sorts of flesh, and is marbled with fat: (L:) or sanaAsinu signifies bones [in general]; as also $anaA$inu: (IAar, L:) and (S) accord. to Ibn-'Amr [or Aboo-'Amr?] and others, (L,) it signifies the heads of the maHaAlap [app. here meaning vertebræ]; (S, L;) and [it is also said that the sing.] sinosinN signifies the head of the maHaAlap [which signifies a vertebra as well as vertebræ, or is more correctly without p when applied to the latter]. (K.) -A2- Also Thirst. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. [app. A blast of smoke]. One says nasonaAsN mino duxaAnK and sanosaAnN, meaning [of] the smoke of fire. (L in the present art. and TA in art. ns.) A cold, or cool, wind; as also nasonaAsapN. (L.) More [and most] advanced in age: (M, L, K:) a correct Arabic word. (M, L.) You say, h`*aA A^asan~u mino h`*aA This is more advanced in age than this: (M, L, K: *) and Th says, speaking of Moosà Ibn-'Eesà-Leythee, A^adorakotuhu A^asan~a A^aholi Albaladi [meaning I lived in his time, he being the most advanced in age of the people of the town, or country]. (M, L.) Advanced in age, or full-grown; (L, Msb;) applied to a beast, contr. of fatiY~N: (S and Mgh and Msb in art. ftw:) or, applied to an animal of the ox-kind and to the sheep or goat, [at the least,] in the third year: (L: [see the verb, 4:]) fem. with p: (Msb:) pl. masaAn~N, (L, Msb,) which, applied to camels, is [said to be] syn. with kibaArN [as meaning advanced in age, or full-grown], (K,) contr. of A^afotaA='u [pl. of fatiY~N] so applied. (S, L.) A whetstone; i. e. a stone, (S, M, L, Msb,) or anything, (K,) with which, (S, K,) or upon which, (M, L, Msb, K,) one sharpens, or whets, or makes sharp-pointed, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) and polishes, (M, L, K,) a knife and the like; (Msb;) and ↓ sinaAnN signifies the same. (S, M, L.) [Bitten with the teeth: whence, app., what next follows]. You say A^aroDN masonuwnapN and ↓ saniynN meaning Land of which the herbage has been eaten. (L, K.) ― -b2- Sharpened, or whetted, or made sharp-pointed, and polished; as also ↓ saniynN; (M, L, K;) applied to a knife (K) or thing [of any kind]. (M, L.) Made smooth. (S, L.) Formed, fashioned, or shaped. (S, M, L.) Made long. (L.) You say wajohN masonuwnN (assumed tropical:) A face in which is length, without breadth; (maxorwuTN;) smooth and even; or smooth and long; or long, and not high in the ball; or soft, tender, thin, and even; as though the flesh were ground (sun~a [like as a thing is ground in sharpening and polishing]) from it. (M, L.) And rajulN masonuwnu Alwajohi (assumed tropical:) A man beautiful and smooth in the face: (Lh, M, L, K:) or a man in whose nose and face is length: (S, L, K:) or beautiful and long in the face. (L.) mino HamaA^ masonuwnK, in the Kur [xv. 26 and 28 and 33], (L,) means (assumed tropical:) [Of black mud] altered [for the worse in odour]; (AA, S, L;) in which sense masonuwn is also applied to water; (AHeyth, L;) [or] stinking: (AA, S, M, L, K:) from sananotu AlHajara EalaY AlHajari “ I rubbed, or grated, the stone upon the stone; ” what flows between them, termed saniyn, being always stinking: (Ksh and Bd in xv. 26: [and the like is said in the L, on the authority of Fr:]) or, accord. to I'Ab, it means moist: accord to AO, poured forth: or, as some say, poured forth in a form, or shape: (L:) or formed, fashioned, or shaped: (Ksh, Bd:) or poured forth in order to its drying [or hardening], and becoming formed, fashioned, or shaped, like as molten, or liquified, substances are poured forth into moulds. (Ksh, * Bd.) is said to mean The place of the running of the saraAb [or mirage, app. in consequence of the hot wind]: or the place of the vehement heat of the hot wind; as though it were running to and fro therein (kaA^an~ahaA tasotan~u fiyhi EadowFA): or it may mean the place whence issues the [hot] wind: but the first is the explanation given by the preceding authorities. (M, L.) -A2- Almusotan~u [an epithet used as meaning] The lion. (K. [Thus applied, act. part. n. of Aisotan~a.]) and musotasin~u: see what follows. A travelled road; (T, M, L, and so in the CK; in some copies of the K ↓ musotasin~N;) as also ↓ musotasan~N. (K.) snbq A small zaworaq [or skiff], (Sgh, K, TA,) made on the coasts of the sea: a word of the dial. of the people of all the coasts of the Sea of El-Yemen: (Sgh, TA:) whether the n be radical requires consideration: Sgh says, in the Tekmileh, that the word is of the measure funoEuwlN, from Als~aboqu. (TA.) snbk [mentioned in the S and Msb in art. sbk, and said in the latter to be of the measure funoEulN, The toe of a horse or mule or ass; i. e.] the extremity of the fore part of the solid hoof; (S, Msb;) or the extremity of the solid hoof (Lth, O, K) and its two sides anteriorly: (Lth, O:) pl. sanaAbiku. (S, O, Msb.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) The extremity (T, O, K, TA) of the naEol [or iron shoe at the lower end of the scabbard], (T, TA,) or of the Hiloyap [or gold or silver ornament], (O, K,) of a sword. (T, O, K, TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) The qawonas [or tapering top] of an iron helmet. (O, K,) ― -b4- Of a buroqaE (assumed tropical:) The $ibaAm [meaning each, or either, of the two threads, or strings, of the face-veil called brqE, by which the woman draws and binds the two upper corners to the back of her head]: (K, TA: [in the CK, $iyAm is erroneously put for $ibaAm:]) the sanaAbik of the brqE are its $ubum. (O.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) A rugged region or tract of the earth or land, in which is little, or no, good: (S, O, Msb, K:) likened to the snbk of the solid hoof. (S, O.) And sanaAbiku AlA^aroDi (assumed tropical:) The extremities of the earth or land. (TA.) ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) The first of rain: (O, K:) and, (TA,) as some say, (Msb,) of anything. (Msb, TA.) One says, A^aSaAbatonaA sunobukN Als~amaA='i (assumed tropical:) [The first of the rain fell upon us]. (TA.) And one says also, sunobukN mino ka*aA (assumed tropical:) Preceding such a thing. (O, K.) And kaAna *`lika EalaY sunobukihi (assumed tropical:) That was in the time thereof, (O, K, TA,) and in the first thereof. (TA.) -A2- It is also said to signify The [tax called] xaraAj: (O:) so says IAar. (TA.) -A3- And A sort of run. (K.) snbl The seed-produce put forth its sunobul [or ears]; (M, K;) as also A^asobala [q. v.]: the former of the dial. of Temeem, and the latter of that of El-Hijáz. (TA.) -A2- sanobala vawobahu, (K,) inf. n. sanobalapN, (TA,) He (a man) dragged a shirt of his garment behind him; so says Khálid Ibn-Jembeh: (TA:) or he dragged his garment behind him or before him. (K.) [Ears of corn: n. un. with p: pl. sanaAbilu and sunobulaAtN, the latter pl. occurring in the Kur xii. 43 and 46: it is said in the M, in art. snbl, that sunobulapN signifies one of the sunobul of zaroE; in the K, in this art., that it signifies one of the sanaAbil of zaroE: see sabalN]. Als~unobulapu is also the name of A certain sign of the Zodiac [i.e. Virgo]; (K, TA;) the sixth sign; the third of the summer signs: (TA:) [or Spica Virginis;] a certain star in Virgo. (Kzw.) [See, again, sabalN.] ― -b2- Also A certain perfume; (M;) a certain plant of sweet odour, also called sunobulu AlEaSaAfiyri, (K,) and Alr~yoHaAnu AlhinodiY~u; (TA;) [spikenard, called in the present day Als~unobulu AlhinodiY~u;] the best whereof is the suwriY~, (K,) what is brought from suwr [or suwraY?], a town, or district, of El-'Irák; (TA;) and the weakest is the hinodiY~: it is an aperient; a discutient of flatulences; (K, * TA;) strengthening to the brain and the spleen and the kidneys and the bowels; and diuretic; and has the property of arresting the excessive flow of blood from the womb. (K, TA. [Mentioned also voce sabalN, as called sunobulu AlT~iybi.]) Als~unobulu Alr~umiY~u [also signifies Spikenard, or perhaps a variety thereof;] i. q. Aln~aAridiynu.(K.) The [kind of trees called] EiDaAh [q. v.]. (Fr, K.) [It is said in the TA that the n in this word is augmentative: but the same is held by some to be the case in other words mentioned in this art.] A shirt ample in length, or reaching to, or towards, the ground: or so called in relation to a town, or district, in the Greek Empire. ('Abd-El-Wahháb El-Ghana wee, K, TA.) snt , inf. n. tasoniytN, He put san~uwt, (S, K,) meaning kam~uwn [i. e. cumin, or cuminseed], (S,) into the cooking-pot. (S, K.) They sought after the herbage of the land, doing so diligently, or with labour or perseverance, or time after time. (M, K.) They experienced drought, or barrenness: (S, M, A, K:) derived from sanapN; the w being changed into t, [for sanapN is originally sanowapN, or, accord. to one dial. sanohapN,] to distinguish between this verb and A^asonaY as signifying “ he remained in a place a year: ” or, as Fr says, they imagined the h [meaning p, in sanapN,] to be a radical letter, finding it to be the third letter, and therefore changed it into t: (S:) accord. to Sb, the t [in A^asonata] is substituted for the Y [in A^asonaY]; and there is no instance of the like except vinotaAni [in which the t is substituted for the final radical, Y], (M in the present art.,) and in words of the measure AifotaEala [as Ait~asara for Aiytasara]. (M in art. vnY.) [He married her, or took her as his wife, he being an ignoble, or a low-born, but rich, man, and she being a noble, or high-born, but poor, woman; or] he, an ignoble, or a low-born, man, married her, a noble, or high-born woman, because of the paucity of her property and the abundance of his property. (S) And tsn~t kariymapa A=li fulaAnK He married the noble or highborn, woman of the family of such a one in the year of drought, dearth, or scarcity. (TA.) , for sanapN, Drought, or barrenness, afflicted them, or befell them. (S, TA.) , (S, A, * K, *) or rajulN sanitu Alxayori, (M,) A man possessing little, or no, good; possessing few, or no, good things; or poor: (S, M, A, * K: *) pl. sanituwna: (M, K:) it has no broken pl. (M.) And the former, A man afflicted with drought, or barrenness; (TA in art. bqE;) as also ↓ musonitN: (TA in the present art.:) and ↓ rajulN musonitN a man indigent and desolate, possessing nothing: probably from A^aroDN musonitapN, or EaAmN musonitN, [both expl. below,] or from A^asonatuwA meaning as expl. above. (MF.) ― -b2- And A^aroDN sanitapN and ↓ musonitapN Land that has not given growth to anything, (AHn, M, K,) in consequence of its not having been rained upon: but if containing any of the dry herbage of the preceding year, it is not termed msntp: it is not thus termed unless having in it nothing. (AHn, M.) [See also saniytN.] A man evil in disposition. (M, L.) [See also masonuwtN.] and ↓ musonitN A year of drought, or barrenness. (AHn, M, K.) [See also sanitN.] , also pronounced sin~awotN, (S, M, K,) the latter a dial. var. mentioned by Kr, (M,) and sun~uwtN, a form mentioned by IAth and others, but the first is that which is commonly known, and the most chaste; (TA;) a word of which the meaning is differently explained, as follows: (M, TA:) Honey: (S, M, A, K:) i. q. rub~N [i. e. rob, or inspissated juice, &c.]: (M, K:) a species of dates: fresh butter; syn. zubodN: cheese: (K:) i. q. kam~uwnN [i. e. cumin, or cumin-seed]; (Yaakoob, S, M, K;) so in the dial. of El-Yemen: (M:) or a certain plant resembling the kam~uwn: (IAar, M:) i. q. sibit~N [i. e. anethum graveolens, or dill, of the common garden-species; in the CK $ibit~]: and i. q. raAziyaAnajN; (M, K;) which last is what is called in the Egyptian dial. $amarN [a name given in Egypt to the anethum graveolens, above mentioned, and to its seed; and also to the anethum fæniculum, or fennel]. (TA.) ; and its fem., with p: see sanitN, in three places: and see also saniytN. One who associates with another and is angry without cause, (K, TA,) by reason of his evil disposition. (TA.) [See also sanuwtN.] snj He smeared anything with a colour different from its own colour. (O, K.) The Eun~aAb [or jujube]. (IAar, K.) , as also SanojapN, but the former is the more chaste, (T, O, Msb, K,) accord to Fr, (O,) because S and j do not both occur in any [genuine] Arabic word, (Msb,) or the former only is allowable accord. to Fr, (T, Msb,) or, accord. to ISk, (T, O, Msb, and S in art. Snj,) and IKt, (T, Msb,) the latter only is allowable; (T, O, Msb, and S and O in art. Snj;) an arabicized word, (O, Msb, and S and A and K in art. Snj,) from [the Pers.] snk [or sanoGo, as meaning “ a weight ”]; (O;) [or rather from the Pers. sanojaho meaning “ a balance ” and “ a weight; ”] i. q. miyzaAnN [A balance]: (A in art. Snj:) [in the present day, applied to a steel-yard: and also, more commonly, (agreeably with the explanation of SanojapN in the MA,) to a weight of a balance; which last seems to be intended in the S and O and Msb and K &c. by the expressions sanojapu AlmiyzaAni and Sanojatuhu, unless these expressions be instances of what is termed A_iDaAfapu Al$~aYo'i A_ilaY nafosihi (i. e. the prefixing a noun, governing the gen. case, to another noun signifying the same thing), which I think unlikely:] pl. sinajN (A, Msb) and sanajaAtN. (Msb.) One says, Ait~azana mn~Y biAls~anojap Alr~aAjiHapi [He received by weight from me with the inclining balance, or with the preponderating weight], and biAls~inaji AlwaAfiyapi [with the full weights]. (A.) And a rájiz says, kaA^an~ahaA sanojapu A^alofK raAjiHaho [As though it, or she, were the weight of a thousand, preponderating]: or, as some relate it, SanojapN. (O.) i. q. ruqoTapN [i. e. Blackness mixed with speckles of white: or the reverse: or speckles of white, and of black, and of red, and of yellow, in an animal]: (AA, O, K:) pl. sunajN, (O, K, TA, in the CK sunojN,) like HujarN (K, TA, in the CK like HujorN,) as pl. of HujorapN. (TA.) The mark, or effect, of the siraAj [i. e. lamp, or its lighted wick], (A, O, K,) upon the wall. (O, K, TA.) One says, laAbud~a lils~iraAji mina Als~inaAji [The lamp, or its lighted wick, cannot but have the mark, or effect, thereof upon the wall]. (A.) ― -b2- Also The siraAj [itself; i. e. a lamp, or its lighted wick]: (ISd, K:) as also ↓ saniyjN. (K.) : see what next precedes. A [garment of the kind called] burod striped. (O, K.) [SM thinks that it may be a mistranscription for musab~ajN, meaning “ wide, ” applied to a kisaA=': but this I think improbable.] snjAb [a Pers. word, arabicized; in the pre sent day applied to The squirrel; and particularly the gray squirrel: and the minever:] a certain animal, of the length of the jerboa, larger than the faA^or [or rat], the fur of which is of the utmost softness: furred garments are made with its skin; and the best skins of this animal are the smooth and gray. (Dmr, TA.) [ Gray; of the colour of the sinojaAb.] snH is syn. with EaraDa [signifying It showed, or presented, its side: and hence, it presented itself; it occurred]. (A, O, L.) One says of a gazelle, (S, K,) or of a bird, (S, * A, Msb,) or some other thing, (IF, S, Msb, as implied by explanations of the part. n. saAniHN,) sanaHa (S, A, Msb, K) liY, (S,) or lahu, (A,) and Ealayohi, (L,) and sanaHahu, (A,) aor. , (S, L,) inf. n. sunuwHN (S, L, K) and sunoHN and sunuHN; (L;) and ↓ sAnH, inf. n. sinaAHN; (S, TA;) [It presented to me, or to him, its right side, or its left side, in its passage;] it passed along from the direction of my [or his] left hand to the direction of my [or his] right hand: (S:) or it passed along from the direction of [my or] his right hand (A, L, Msb) to the direction of [my or] his left hand: (L, Msb: *) contr. of baraHa (K. [See saAniHN, below.]) And sanaHa liY fiY AlmanaAmi He presented himself to me in sleep; syn. EaraDa: occurring in a saying of 'Alee, referring to the Prophet. (O.) And sanaHa liY raA^oYN (S, A, Msb, K) fiY ka*aA, (S, Msb,) aor. , inf. n. sunuwHN and sunoHN and sunuHN, (K, TA,) the second with damm and sukoon and the third with two dammehs, (TA, [but written in the CK sanoH and sunoH,]) (tropical:) An idea, or an opinion, presented itself, or occurred, syn. EaraDa, (S, A, K,) or appeared, syn. Zahara, (Msb,) to me, (S, A, * Msb, K,) respect ing such a thing. (S, Msb.) sanaHa is also said of poetry, (L, K,) meaning (assumed tropical:) It presented itself, or occurred, syn. EaraDa, to me (liY): (L:) or it became easy; (L, K;) and in this last sense, said of a thing, aor. , inf. n. sunuwHN (Msb.) And it is related in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, that she said, [referring to the Prophet,] A^akorahu A^ano A^asonaHahu, mean ing I dislike that I should confront him with my hands [engaged] in prayer; from sanaHa as signify ing EaraDa. (L.) ― -b2- sanaHa bika*aA (assumed tropical:) He mentioned such a thing obliquely, or indirectly, (S, K,) in terms understood by the person addressed but uninteligible to others, (S,) not speaking explicitly. (K.) ― -b3- sanaHa AlxaATiru bihi i. q. jaAda (assumed tropical:) [The mind granted it liberally]. (Msb.) -A2- sanaHahu He turned him away, or back, (O, K,) Eam~aA A^araAda [from that which he desired, or meant], (O,) or Eano raA^oyihi [from his opinion]. (K.) ― -b2- And sanaHa bihi and Ealayohi He caused him to fall into straitness, or difficulty; or into sin, or crime; syn. A^aHorajahu; (K, TA; in the CK, [erroneously,] A^axorajahu;) [i. e. A^awoqaEahu fiY AlHaraji;] and did evil to him. (K.) see 1, second sentence. see 10. -A2- tasan~ajo mina Alr~iyHi means Aisota*oriminohaA [i. e. Shelter thyself from the wind]: so says Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee. (O [and so, probably, in correct copies of the K: in my MS. copy of the K, Aisotadori mnhA: in the CK, Aisotadiro mnhA: in the TA, strangely, Astd~ar mnhA, and expl. as meaning AuTolubo mnhA Ald~ar~a: in the TK, Astdbr mnhA, and expl. as meaning wl~hA Zhrk: Freytag, app. having to choose only between the reading in the CK and that in the TK, has followed the latter, without mentioning their disagreement; though, if the meaning were “ turn thy back towards the wind, ” the explanation should be AisotadobirohaA, not AsotadobirominohaA].) , and ↓ tasan~aHotuhu, i. q. AisotafoSaHotuhu [meaning I asked him, or desired him, to explain such a thing]: (O, K:) and so AisotanoHasotuhu En k*A, and tanaH~asotuhu. (TA.) Prosperity, good fortune, good luck, or auspiciousness; blessing, increase, or plenty: syn. yumonN, and barakapN. (O, K.) ― -b2- Also, (K,) or ↓ sunuHN, with two dammehs, (O,) The middle of a road: (O, K:) like [sujuHN or] sujuHN. (O.) [Both are also inf. ns. of 1, q. v.] i. q. A^aSolN [i. e. Origin, &c.]; like sinoxN [q. v.]. (O, TA.) ― -b2- And i. q. hayoy^apN and saHonaA='u [i. e. Form, aspect, appearance, &c.]. (O.) : see sunoHN. [app. as meaning An incursion into the territory of an enemy taking by surprise], accord. to one reading of a trad., is from sanaHa Alr~aA^oYu [expl. above]: but the reading commonly known is saH~aA=' [q. v.]. (IAth, TA.) : see saAniHN. -A2- Also Pearls; or large pearls; syn. dur~N: (O, K:) or (K, but accord. to the O, “ also ”) the string upon which they are to be strung, before they are strung thereon: (O, K:) when they have been strung, it is termed EiqodN: (O:) pl. sunuHN. (TA.) ― -b2- And [Ornaments such as are termed] HuliY~. (O, K.) i. q. sutorapN [i. e. Anything by which a person or thing is veiled, concealed, hidden, or covered; &c.]. (O.) A man who sleeps not during night: (K:) or sanaHonaHu All~ayoli a man who is vigilant; who sleeps not; who journeys during the night. (O.) (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ saniyHN (S, A, K) both signify the same, (S, A, K,) applied to a gazelle, (S, K, *) or to a bird, (S, A, Msb,) &c., (S, Msb,) Turning its right side towards the spectator; thus expl. by Ru-beh to Yoo, in the presence of AO; i. e. passing from the direction of the left hand of the spectator towards the direction of his right hand: (S:) or coming from the direction of the right side of the spectator (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, A, L, Msb) towards the direction of his left hand; turning towards him its left side, which is that termed AlA_inosiY~u: contr. of baAriHN [q. v.]: (Aboo- 'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, L:) the pl. [of the former] is sawaAniHu and saAniHaAtN and [of either] sunuHN: and this last is also employed to signify auspicious and inauspicious gazelles [&c.], accord. to the different opinions of the Arabs. (L.) The Arabs [who apply the epithet in the latter of the two senses first explained] regard the saAniH as a good omen, and the baAriH as an evil omen; (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, S, L;) because one cannot shoot at the latter without turning himself: (S in art. brH:) but some of them hold the reverse of this: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, L:) the people of Nejd hold the sAnH to be a good omen; but sometimes a Nejdee adopts the [contr.] opinion of the Hijázee. (IB, TA,) It is said in a prov., mano liY biAls~aAniHi baEoda AlbaAriHi [expl. in art. brH]. (S, K.) ― -b2- [It is said in Har p. 671 that Als~aAniHu also signifies AlmtTy~r AlmtfA~l, as though meaning The person auguring, or who augurs, evil or good, from birds: but I think that the right reading is AlmutaTay~aru bihi waAlmutafaA^~alu bihi mina AlT~uyuwri, i. e. what is regarded as an evil omen and as a good omen, of birds.] snx , (JK, A, TA,) [aor. ,] inf. n. sanaxN, (A,) His teeth became eroded at the roots. (JK, A, TA.) ― -b2- And sanixa, said of a man, He had his teeth eroded at the roots. (A, TA.) ― -b3- And said of the mouth, It lost the roots (A^asonaAx) of its teeth. (Msb.) ― -b4- Also, (JK,) inf. n. as above, (K,) i. q. tgy~r [meaning (assumed tropical:) It became altered for the worse in odour or otherwise, stinking, rancid, bad, or corrupt]. (JK, K.) It is said [in this sense] of oil, (S, K,) or food, (A, L,) &c., (L,) as a dial. var. of zanixa, (S, K, *) or from sanaxu AlA^asonaAni, and therefore tropical; as also ↓ tsn~x; (A;) its odour became bad. (S, * TA.) And sanixa mina AlT~aEaAmi He ate much food; syn. A^akovara. (L, K.) -A2- sanaxa, aor. , inf. n. sunuwxN, (L, K,) He, or it, was, or became, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established; syn. rasaxa. (L, K *) So in the phrase sanaxa fiY AlEilomi, (S, L, Msb,) aor. , (L,) or , (Msb,) inf. n. sunuwxN, (S, L, Msb,) [He was, or became, firmly rooted or established, in knowledge, or science;] and this means also he attained to eminence therein. (L.) The seeking, desiring, or demanding, a thing. (K.) You say, san~axa minohu Al$~aYo'a He sought, desired, or demanded, from him the thing. (TK.) see 1. The A^aSol [i. e. origin, source, root, foundation, &c.,] (JK, S, Msb, K) of anything: (JK, Msb, TA:) as also sinoHN: (L:) pl. [of pauc.] A^asonaAxN (L, Msb) and [of mult.] sunuwxN. (L.) One says, rajaEa fulaAnN A_ilaY sinoxi Alkarami [app. meaning Such a one traced back his lineage to an ancestor who was the origin, or source, of generosity or nobility: or such a one returned, or reverted, to the original state, or condition, of generosity: the latter I think the more probable, as it is immediately added], and A_ilaY sinoxihi Alxabiyvi [which seems to mean, to his bad original state]. (L.) And it is said in a trad., A^aSolu AljihaAdi wasinoxuhu Alr~ibaATu fiY sabiyli A@ll~`hi i. e. AlmuraAbaTapu Ealayohi [meaning The very essence of fighting against unbelievers, and the first principle thereof, is constancy, or perseverance, or assiduity, in the way, or cause, of God]. (L.) ― -b2- Also The place of growth (manobit) [i. e. the socket] of a tooth: (K:) or the part of a tooth that enters into the flesh [of the gum]; (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán; ”) [i. e.] the A^asonaAx of the teeth, (S,) or of the central incisors, (Msb,) are the roots thereof (A^uSuwluhaA). (S, Msb.) ― -b3- And [The tongue, or tang, of a blade;] the part of a knife, and of a sword, that enters into, or is inserted in, the handle: and the part of an arrow-head that enters into, or is inserted in, the head of the shaft. (L.) ― -b4- And The paroxysm of a fever. (K.) ― -b5- A^asonaAxu Aln~ujuwmi, accord. to IAar, as is related by Th, means The stars that do not make their [temporary] abode in the Mansions of the Moon, which [latter] are called nujuwmu AlA^axo*i: ISd says, I am not sure whether he mean the A^uSuwl [a term applied to the seven, or five, planets], or others: some say, [and so IAar is stated in the TA in art. $yx to have said,] that they are called only A^a$oyaAxu Aln~ujuwmi [q. v.]. (L, TA. *) (tropical:) [Food altered for the worse in odour or otherwise, stinking, rancid, bad, or corrupt: see 1]. (A.) ― -b2- And baladN sanixN (assumed tropical:) A town, or country, in which is fever, or much fever. (K.) and ↓ sanaAxapN A fetid odour: and the latter, [and app. the former also,] dirt; and remains of matter used for tanning. (K, TA.) One says bayotN lahu sanoxapN (S, TA) and ↓ sanaAxapN (TA) or ↓ sinaAxapN (so in three copies of the S) [A tent, or house, or chamber, that has a fetid odour; as is indicated in the S and TA]. And Aboo-Kebeer says, ↓ faA^atayotu bayotFA gayora bayoti sinaA=xapK (so in three copies of the S,) or ↓ fadaxalotu bayotFA gayora bayoti sanaA=xapK (so in the TA,) i. e. [And I came to, or and I entered,] a tent, or house, or chamber, not one of tanning-matter nor of clarified butter. (S.) The measure of two statures of a man. (K.) or sinaAxap: see sanoxapN, in five places. means [The house of such a one is a house of unstableness; or] is not one of stableness. (JK.) [ , as stated by Freytag, is expl. by Reiske, in his additions to the Lex. of Golius, as meaning Pulled out from the root (snx): but no authority for this is named by him.] snd , (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. sunuwdN; (S, M, Msb, K;) and sanida, aor. ; (Msb;) and ↓ Astnd, [which is the most common,] (S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ tsAnd, (S, M, A, K,) and ↓ Asnd; (M, TA;) signify the same; (S, M, * Msb, K *;) i. e. He (a man, S, Msb, [and in like manner it is said of a thing,]) leaned, rested, or stayed himself, against it, or upon it; syn. AiEotamada; (TK;) [or AEtmd Ealayohi;] namely, a thing, (S, M, Msb,) or a wall, (A, Msb,) &c. (Msb.) ― -b2- sanadafiY Aljabali, (M, K,) aor. , inf. n. sunuwdN, (M,) He ascended the mountain; as also ↓ Asnd. (M, K.) And [hence,] A_ilaY fulaAnK ↓ A^asonadotu (tropical:) I ascended to such a one. (A.) ― -b3- And sanada fiY Alxamosiyna, (M, and so in some copies of the K,) or liloxamosiyna, (so in other copies of the K,) (tropical:) He approached, or drew near to, [the age of] fifty: (K, TA:) [likewise] from sanada fiY Aljabali. (M, TA. *) ― -b4- sanada *anabu Aln~aAqapi, (K,) or ↓ A^asonada, (so in the O,) The tail of the she-camel tossed about, and lashed her croup, or rump, on the right and left. (O, K.) , inf. n. tasoniydN, He set up [pieces of] wood [as stays, or props,] against a wall. (KL. [See the pass. part. n., below. And see also 3 and 4.]) -A2- Also, inf. n. as above, He (a man) wore, or clad himself with, the kind of burod called sanad. (IAar, K.) : see 4. [Hence,] suwnida AlmariyDu [The sick man was stayed, or propped up, against a pillow or the like]: and qaAla saAniduwniY [He (the sick man) said, Stay ye me, or prop ye me up]. (A, TA.) And yusaAnidu baEoDuhu baEoDFA [One part of it stays, or supports, and so renders firm or strong, another part]. (Sh, O, K. [See musaAnadapN.]) ― -b2- [And hence,] suwnida xaloquhaA, referring to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) Her frame, or make, was symmetrical; or conformable in its several parts. (Ham p. 783.) ― -b3- And sAndhu, (S, K,) inf. n. musaAnadapN, (S,) He aided, or assisted, him; namely, another man. (S, K.) ― -b4- And (tropical:) He requited, compensated, or recompensed, him, (A, K, TA,) EalaY AlEamali [for work, or for the work or deed]. (K.) (AZ, S, * M, * Msb, K * TA) I made him, or it, to lean, rest, or stay himself or itself, against, or upon, the thing; (TK;) and A_ilayohi ↓ saAnadotuhu signifies the same. (AZ, TA.) You say, Asnd Zahorahu A_ilaY AlHaAy^iTi He leaned his back against the wall. (MA.) And Asndhu He stayed, propped, or supported, it; namely, a thing leaning; syn. daEamahu. (TA in art. dEm.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A^asonadotu A_ilayohi A^amoriY (tropical:) [I rested, or stayed, upon him my affair]. (A.) ― -b3- And Asnd AlHadiyva A_ilaY qaAy^ilihi (T, M, * L, Msb,) inf. n. A_isonaAdN [q. v. infrà], (S, &c.,) (tropical:) He traced up, or ascribed, or attributed, the tradition to the author thereof, [resting it upon his authority,] (T, S, M, L, Msb, TA,) by mentioning him, (Msb,) or by mentioning, uninterruptedly, in ascending order, the persons by whom it had been transmitted, up to the Prophet; (T, L, KT;) [or by mentioning the person who had related it to him from the Prophet if only one person intervened;] saying, “ Such a one told me, from such a one, ” [and so on, if more than one intervened between him and the Prophet,] “ from the Apostle of God; ” (KT;) [or it may be with an interruption in the mention of the person by whom it had been transmitted: see musonadN, below.] ― -b4- A_isonaAdu A^amorK A_ilaY A=xara A_iyjaAbFA A^awo salobFA [is a conventional phrase, used in logic, meaning (assumed tropical:) The judging a thing to stand to another thing in the relation of an attribute to its subject, affirmatively or negatively]. (Kull p. 157, in explanation of AlHukomu as a logical term [meaning “ judgment ”].) ― -b5- [A_isonaAdN majaAziY~N is another conventional term, used in lexicology and rhetoric, meaning (assumed tropical:) A tropical attribution of an act or a quality or a meaning; as in Eiy$apN raADiyapN for maroDiy~apN, and in zabuwnN (q. v.) in one of its senses: see Har p. 432 ― -b6- A^usonida AlfiEolu A_ilaY zayodK, another conventional phrase, is said of the verb in the phrases qaAma zayodN and Duziba zayodN and zayodN qaAma meaning The verb is made an attributive to Zeyd: and, in an unusual manner, it is said (in the Msb in art. slb) of the verb in the saying salabotu zayodFA vawobahu; so that it means in this instance The verb is made to have Zeyd for its object. And A^usonida A_ilayohi faAEilaAni faSaAEidFA is said (in the TA in art. swY) of the verb in the phrase AisotawaY zayodN waEamorNw waxaAlidN fiY h`*aA; so that it means Two and more agents are assigned to it.] ― -b7- Asndhu fiY Aljabali He made him to ascend the mountain. (K.) -A2- Asnd as an intrans. verb: see 1, in four places. ― -b2- You say also, Asnd fiY AlEadowi, (M, L,) inf. n. A_isonaAdN (L,) He was vehement in running; he strove, laboured, or exerted himself, therein. (M, L.) ― -b3- And He (a camel) went a pace between that called *amiylN and that called hamolajapN. (L.) see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- tsAnd Alqawomu means The people went forth, every commander of them with a [separate] corps. (Ham p. 783.) [See also the act. part. n. below.] see 1, first sentence. , (S, L,) or Als~inodu, (M, L, K,) A certain country, (S, L, K,) well known, (K,) said in the “ Marásid ” to be a country between India (Alhinod) and Karmán and Sijistán: (TA:) or a people; (K;) [the people of that country;] a well-known nation; (M, L;) a nation bordering upon India, whose colours incline to yellowness, and who are generally slender: (Mgh:) or one of these meanings is the original of the other: (TA:) ↓ sinodiY~N signifies a single person thereof: (S, K:) and sinodN is the pl., (K,) or [rather] is applied to the people collectively; (S;) these two words being like zinojiY~u and zinojN: (TA:) the pl. of sinodN is sunuwdN and A^asonaAdN. (M, L.) Als~inodu is also the name of A great river of Alhinod [or India; i. e. the Indus]: and of a district in El-Andalus: and of a town in Western Africa (Almagorib). (K.) The part that faces one, of a mountain, and rises from (Ean) the safoH [i. e. base, or foot]; (S, K;) the acclivity, or rising part, in the face, or front, [or side,] of a mountain or a valley: (T, M, A:) or a rising, or an elevated, portion of ground: (Mgh:) pl. A^asonaAdN, (M, A,) [properly a pl. of pauc., but] the only pl. form. (M.) ― -b2- A thing, such as a wall &c., against, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself: (Mgh, Msb:) and ↓ misonadN and ↓ musonadN [the latter in the TA said to be with fet-h, but this is evidently a mistake, occasioned by a copyist's writing wyftH for wyDm~,] signify [the same,] a thing against, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself; [and the former of these two particularly signifies a cushion, or pillow, and more particularly a large cushion or pillow, against which one leans; as expl. by Golius on the authority of Meyd;] pl. masaAnidu. (L, Msb.) ― -b3- Applied to a man, i. q. muEotamadN [meaning (tropical:) A person upon whom one leans, rests, stays himself, or relies]; (S;) a man's muEotamad [i. e. (tropical:) stay, support, or object of reliance]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ musotanadN. (TA.) You say say~idN sanadN (tropical:) [A lord, or chief, upon whom people lean, &c.]. (A, TA.) And huwasanadiY and ↓ musotanadiY (tropical:) [He is my stay, support, or object of reliance]. (A.) And HadiyvN qawiY~u Als~anadi (tropical:) [A tradition valid in respect of the authority upon which it rests, or to which it is traced up or ascribed]. (A, TA. [See also A_isonaAdN, below.]) ― -b4- See also musonadN. -A2- Also A sort of garment of the kind called buruwd, (IAar, K,) of the fabric of ElYemen: (IAar:) pl. A^asonaAdN: (K:) or the pl. is like the sing.: (IAar, K:) one says A^avowaAbN sanadN [meaning garments of the kind called sanad]: (TA, from a trad.:) Ibn-Buzurj says that Als~anadu means AlA^asonaAdu mina Alv~iyaAbi, i. e. garments of those called buruwd: and he cites, from a poet, the phrase jub~apu A^asonaAdK, which, he says, means a red jubbeh of those [made] of what are called buruwd. (TA.) Accord. to Lth, it signifies A sort of clothing, [consisting of] a shirt with a shirt over it: and in like manner, short shirts made of pieces of cloth, one whereof is concealed beneath another: whatever appears (kul~u maA Zahara) thereof is termed simoTN [q. v.]: (O:) [this app. explains the meaning of what here follows:] Als~anadu is [a term used in the case of] thy wearing a long shirt beneath a shirt shorter than it. (M.) : see sinodN [of which it is the n. un.]. , with fet-h, (Mgh, Msb, K,) or ↓ sinodaAnN, (thus in a copy of the M, [and thus I have generally found it written, agreeably with the common modern pronunciation,]) The EalaAp, (M,) or zuborap, (Msb,) [both meaning anvil,] of the blacksmith. (Msb, K.) Great and strong; applied to a man and to a wolf. (K.) -A2- See also the next preceding paragraph. A she-ass [either domestic or wild: probably the latter, because of her strength]. (K.) [The ilex, or evergreen oak; so called in the present day;] a kind of tree. (TA.) [See A_isonaAdN.] applied to a she-camel, (S, M, &c.,) Strong: (K:) or strong in make: (AA, S:) or tall in the hump: (M:) or long in the legs, (A, L,) and elevated [so I render msndp, conjecturally, as though meaning propped up,] in the hump: (L:) or lean, and lank in the belly; (AO, M, L;) but Sh disapproves of this last explanation. (L.) : see musonadN. [a comparative and superlative epithet from A^asonada AlHadiyva, q. v., though (like A^asowadu and A^aboyaDu when used as epithets of this kind) deviating from a general rule, which requires that such an epithet be formed from an unaugmented triliteralradical verb]. You say A^asonadu liloHadiyvi, meaning A^anaS~u lahu, q. v. (TA in art. nS.) inf. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (S, &c.) ― -b2- [Used as a simple subst., signifying (tropical:) The ascription of a tradition to an authority in the manner expl. voce A^asonada it has a pl., namely, A^asaAniydu; as in the saying,] AlA^asaAniydu qawaAy^imu AlA^aHaAdiyvi (tropical:) [The ascrip- tions to authorities, whereon they rest, &c., are the foundations of traditions]. (A, TA. [See also sanadN.]) ― -b3- Also used in the sense sf riwaAyapN [q. v., as a simple subst.]: pl. as above. (Har p. 32.) -A2- Also A certain kind of tree. (M.) [In the TA, it is said that the name commonly known is sinodiyaAn: but I think that this is a mistake: see the latter word.] A place in, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself: [and hence applied to a couch, and a throne:] pl. masaAnidu. (KL. [See also musonadN, voce sanadN.]) [pass. part. n. of 4, Made to lean, rest, &c., against, or upon, a thing: and stayed, propped, or supported; or set up. ― -b2- Hence used in the sense of misonadN, as being a thing set up]: see sanadN. ― -b3- Also (tropical:) A tradition (HadiyvN) traced up, or ascribed, or attributed, to the author thereof, (T, L, K, TA,) [rested on his authority by the mention of him, (see 4,) or] by the mention, uninterruptedly, in ascending order, of the persons by whom it has been transmitted, up to the Prophet; (T, L, KT;) [or by the mention of him who has related it from the Prophet when only one has intervened;] opposed to murosalN and munoqiTiEN; (T, L;) or it may be mnqTE, i. e. interrupted in the mention of the persons by whom it has been transmitted: (KT:) pl. masaAnidu, (K,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and masaAniydu, (Esh-Sháfi'ee, K,) which latter has Y added to render the sound of the kesreh more full; or, accord. to some, it is a dial. var.; and accord. to some, agreeable with analogy. (TA.) ― -b4- And i. q. daEiY~N [as meaning (assumed tropical:) One who claims as his father a person who is not his father; or an adopted son; or one whose origin, or lineage, or parentage, is suspected]; (S, M, L, K;) as also ↓ saniydN; (M, L, K; [see an ex. in a verse cited voce A^asar~u;]) opposed to kariymN. (L.) ― -b5- Almusonadu, accord. to Sb, signifies (assumed tropical:) The first portion [i. e. the subject] of a proposition; and Almusonadu A_ilayohi, (assumed tropical:) the second portion [i. e. the attribute, or predicate,] thereof: (M, L:) of, accord. to Kh, a proposition consists of a ↓ sanad and a musonad A_ilayoh; and in the phrase Eabodu A@ll~`hi rajulN SaAliHN, [for ex.,] Ebd All~`h is a snd, and rjl SAlH is a msnd Alyh: (O, L:) [but accord. to other authors, and general modern usage, and agreeably with the proper meanings of the terms, Almusonadu (meaning the attributed) signifies the attribute, or predicate; and Almusonadu A_ilayohi, (meaning that to which a thing or an accident is attributed) signifies the subject.] ― -b6- Also The Himyeree, or Himyeritic, character of writing; the character of Himyer; (S, M, A, O, K;) differing from the modern Arabic character: (S, O:) they used to write it commonly in the days of their rule; and AHát says that it continued in use among them in El-Yemen in his day [i. e. in the latter half of the second century of the Flight and the former half of the third century]: (M, TA:) Abu-l-'Abbás says, Almusonadu was the language of the sons of Seth; (O, TA;) [i. e. the language written in the character so called;] and the like is said in the “ Sirr es-Siná'ah ” of IJ. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., vol. ii., p. 122 of the Ar. text, and 311 of the transl.] ― -b7- And i. q. Ald~ahoru [i. e. Time, from the beginning of the world to its end; or time absolutely; or a long time; or a long unlimited time; or time without end; &c.]. (S, M, A, K.) So in the saying, laA A^afoEaluhu A=xira Almusonadi [I will not do it to the end of time]. (A, TA.) One says also, laA A=tiyhi yada Almusonadi, meaning [I will not do it, or I will not come to him or it,] ever. (IAar, TA.) : see sanadN, second sentence. [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v.]. In the phrase , [in the Kur lxiii. 4, meaning Pieces of wood made to lean, or incline, against a wall, (Jel,)] the latter word is with teshdeed because of its relation to many objects (lilokavorapi). (S.) -A2- musan~adapN also signifies A certain sort of cloths, or garments; and so ↓ masonadiy~apN. (M, TA.) : see what next precedes. (O, K, and Ham p. 783, in the CK and TK [erroneously] musaAnidapN) (assumed tropical:) A she-camel having the breast and fore part prominent: (As, O, K:) or whereof one part of her frame stays, or supports, (yusaAnidu,) [and so renders firm or strong,] another part: (Sh, O, K:) or having prominent withers: (Ibn-Buzurj, L:) or strong in the back: or whose frame, or make, is symmetrical, or conformable in its several parts: or, as some say, whose frame, or make, is dissimilar, or unconformable, in its several parts; because the hump differs from the other parts; so that it is from the phrase tasaAnada Alqawomu meaning as expl. above [see 6]: (Ham p. 783:) and musaAnadapu AlqaraA (tropical:) a she-camel hard, firmly compacted, in the back. (M, L, TA.) : see sanadN, in two places. (tropical:) They two went forth aiding, or assisting, each other; (A, * L, TA;) as though each of them leaned, or stayed himself, upon the other, and aided himself by him. (L, TA.) The latter word is used, in this sense, of two men going on a hostile, or hostile and plundering, expedition: and of two wolves attacking a person. (A.) And one says, xarajuwA mutasaAnidiyna, meaning (tropical:) They went forth under sundry, or different, banners, or standards, (S, A, M, L, K, *) every party by itself, (A, L,) the sons of one father under one [separate] banner, (L,) not all under the banner of one commander. (S, L. K.) sndr (M, K) inf. n. of sanodara, which signifies He (a man) went quickly: (TK:) [or was quick or expeditious:] syn. of the former suroEapN: (M, K:) Sgh mentions it in art. sdr, regarding the n as augmentative. (TA.) Hence, accord. to some, the saying of 'Alee, A^anaA Al~a*iY sam~atoni A^um~iY Hayodaraho kalayovi gaAbaAtK galiyZi AlqaSaraho A^akiylukumo bAls~ayofi kayola Als~anodaraho [I am he whom my mother named Heydereh, like a lion of forests, thick in the neck: I will measure you with the sword with a quick measuring:] meaning, I will slay you quickly, before flight. (TA. [But see what follows.]) ― -b2- A large, or an ample, sort of kayol [or measuring]: (M, K:) so expl. by some in the saying of 'Alee above quoted: or in that saying it is from sanodarapu as the name of a certain woman, who used to sell wheat and give full measure, or of a man who did so. (TA.) [See also sanodarapN as a subst., below.] ― -b3- Also The being bold, or daring: or boldness, or daringness. (TA.) ― -b4- And The being sharp in affairs, and acting with penetrative energy: or sharpness in affairs, and penetrative energy. (TA.) : see the next paragraph but one. A man bold, or daring, in his affair, not frightened at anything. (TA.) , [said in the TK to be the inf. n. of Q. 1, q. v.,] (S in art. sdr,) or ↓ sanodarN, (so in a copy of the M,) or ↓ sanodariY~N, (IAar, K, TA,) A mikoyaAl [or measure, for measuring corn, &c.], (S, M, K,) well known, (M,) of large size, (S, K,) like the qanoqal and the juraAf: this is said in explanation of the first of these words as used in the saying of 'Alee quoted above: (S, TA:) i. e., the saying has hence been expl. as meaning, I will make a wide and quick slaughter of you: (TA:) or it may be a measure (mkyAl) made of the tree called sanodarapN: (Kt, TA:) [for] ― -b2- it is also the name of A certain tree, (S, M, K,) of which bows and arrows are made. (M, K.) A man quick, or expeditious, (K, TA,) in his affairs; who strives, exerts himself, or is diligent, therein. (TA.) ― -b2- And the pl. sanaAdirapN signifies [the contr., or] Persons without occupation; people of sport and idleness; as also sabaAdirapN. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, the sing., Bold, or daring; (O, K, TA;) who makes a boast of more than he possesses. (TA.) ― -b4- The lion; (K;) because of his boldness, or daringness. (TA.) ― -b5- Strong, or vehement; (O, K;) thus applied to anything. (TA.) ― -b6- Tall, or long; (O, K;) thus in the dial. of Hudheyl. (O.) ― -b7- Large in the eyes. (K.) ― -b8- Good: and the contr., i. e. bad. (M, K.) ― -b9- A certain sort of arrows, and of arrow-heads or the like: (M:) or the white of these, (M, K,) i. e. of the latter: (K:) and a spear-head very clear or bright, (K, TA,) and sharp: (TA:) or, applied to an arrow, it means made of the tree called sanodarap: (S * in art. sdr, and M, and TA:) and qawosN sanodariy~apN means a bow made of that tree: (TA:) or a bow having its string braced, and strongly, or skilfully, or well, made. (K, TA.) ― -b10- Also A species of bird. (K.) ― -b11- See also the next preceding paragraph. snds Thin, or fine, diybaAj [or silk brocade]: (Th, M, Bd and Jel in xviii. 30, Jel in xliv. 53, Msb, K, TA:) or thin, or fine, Hariyr [q. v.]: (Bd in xliv.:) opposed to A_isotaboraqN: (TA:) or i. q. bizoyawonN [expl. by IB as meaning thin, or fine, dybAj: so in the TA in art. bzn]: (S:) or a kind of bzywn; (Lth, K, TA;) made of [the kind of down called] miroEiz~aY: (Lth, TA:) or a kind of buruwd [pl. of burodN, q. v.]: (M, K:) [accord. to Golius, præstans et subtile panni serici genus; as on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof: and Attalicus pannus, aurum argentumve intextum habens; as on the authority of J, who, however, explains it only by the word bizoyawonN: it is mentioned in the S and Msb in art. sds; and in the latter, is said to be of the measure funoEulN; but accord. to the K, the n is a radical letter:] it is [said to be] an arabicized word, without contradiction, (Lth, K,) as well as A_isotaboraqN: (Lth:) but both these words occur in the Kur-án, and Esh-Sháfi'ee and others deny that any arabicized word occurs therein: [though they are opposed by Bd (xvii. 37) and others:] some say that they are instances of the agreement of different languages. (MF.) sndq a dial. var. of SunoduwqN, q. v.; (Fr, L, K;) like zunoduwqN: (TA:) pl. sanaA=diyqu. (L.) sndl : see art. sdl. snr , aor. , (TK,) inf. n. sanarN, (M, K,) He (a man, TK) was, or became, illnatured, or very perverse or cross: (K, TK:) or narrow in disposition. (M.) Hence is derived sin~aworN, in the first of the senses expl. below. (M.) [Or perhaps the reverse may be the case.] , or sun~aArN: see the last paragraph. A coat made of thongs, (S, M, K,) worn in war, (M,) like a coat of mail: (S, K:) [and] any weapon of iron: (A:) and weapons, or arms, collectively: (M, K:) or, accord. to some, coats of mail: (M:) so As means in explaining Als~anaw~aru as signifying what consists of rings: (TA:) or, as some say, a coat of mail: (Ham p. 352:) or all iron. (AO.) The cat; of the masc. gender; syn. hir~N; (M, A, Msb;) as also ↓ sun~aArN, (K,) or ↓ sunaArN: (as in a copy of the M:) fem. with p: (Msb:) pl. sanaAniyru: (S, Msb, K:) but sn~wr is rare in the language of the Arabs: hir~N and DayowanN are more common. (IAmb, Msb.) And Aibonu Als~in~awori The dariS [or daroS, i. e. kitten, or the like]. (T in art. bny.) ― -b2- A lord, master, or chief; (M, K;) in some copies of the K, siyd is erroneously put for say~id; (TA;) a chief of a tribe: (Sgh:) pl. as above. (Sgh, K.) ― -b3- A vertebra (M, K) of the upper part (TA) of the neck (M, K) of a camel: (M, TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) ― -b4- The root of the tail: (Er-Riyáshee, K:) pl. as above. (K.) snT , aor. ; (M, K;) or saniTa, aor. , inf. n. sanaTN; (Msb;) or both; (TA;) He was, or became, such as is termed sinaATN [q. v.]. (M, Msb, K.) [The mimosa Nilotica; also called acacia Nilotica;] a qaraZ, [or this is properly the name of its fruit,] (M, K,) which grows in the SaEiyd [or Upper Egypt], (M,) or [rather] in Egypt; [for it grows in Lower, as well as Upper, Egypt;] (K;) it is the best kind of firewood of the people of that country, who assert that it has most of fire, and least of ashes; so says AHn, on the authority of a person well informed; and he adds that they tan with it [or rather with its pods]: the word is foreign: (M:) and is also written SanoTN: Sgh says that is an arabicized word, from the Indian Hb*. [So in the TA, doubtless a mistranscription. In the CK, Als~naTu is erroneously put for Als~anoTu.] (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and sunaATN (M, O, L, CK) and ↓ sanuwTN (S, M, K) and ↓ sanuwTiY~N (S, K) A man (Msb) having no beard: (M, Mgh, Msb:) or having no hair at all upon his face: (M:) or having no hair upon the sides of his face [so I render kawosaj], and no beard at all: (S, K:) or having little hair upon the sides of the face, (Mgh, Msb,) or upon the side of the face, but not reaching to the state of the kawosaj: (IAar, K:) or i. q. kawosajN: (Mgh:) or whose beard is on his chin [only], having nothing on the sides of the face: (As, K:) or this last signification, accord. to As, applies to sanuwTN: (TA:) the pl. (of sanuwTN accord. to some copies of the K and the TA) is sunuTN (IAar, K) and A^asonaATN [which is a pl. of pauc.]: (K:) snAT is used as a sing. and pl. epithet: it is used as a pl. by Dhu-r-Rummeh. (IB, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. -A2- Also A well-known medicine. (K.) : see sinaATN. snf , aor. and , (S, M, K,) inf. n. sanofN; (M, K;) and ↓ Asnqhu; (S, * M, K;) or, accord. to As, the latter only; (S;) He bound the sinaAf [q. v.] upon the camel: (S, M, K:) and the latter, he put to him (i. e. the camel), or made for him, a sinaAf; (K, TA;) thus expl. by El-'Ozeyzee. (TA.) [Hence, accord. to some,] one says, in a prov., of a person confounded or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, in his affair, ↓ EaY~a biAlA_isonaAfi, (S, Meyd,) meaning He was confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of fright, like him who knows not where to bind the sinaAf: (Z, TA:) it originated from the fact of a man's being thus confounded, or perplexed: (Meyd:) a poet says, (namely, Ibn-Kulthoom, TA,) A_i*aA maA EaY~a biAlA_isonaAfi qawomN mina AlA^amori Almu$ab~ahi A^ano yakuwnaA [as though meaning When a people are unable to find the right way to bind the snAf, in consequence of the affair that is uncertain to be: (thus related by Meyd; but in the TA with HaY~N in the place of qwm, and EalaY in the place of mn:)] Az, however, says that this is not the meaning: that AlAsnAf here signifies the advancing, or preceding; and that the meaning is, are unable to find the right way of advancing, or preceding; (Meyd, TA;) from A^asonafa said of a horse, expl. below. (TA.) -A2- See also the next paragraph. , inf. n. A_isonaAfN: see above, in two places. ― -b2- Hence, i. e. from this verb in the sense expl. in the first sentence, (S, TA,) Asnf A^amorahu (tropical:) He performed his affair skilfully, soundly, or thoroughly. (S, M, K, TA.) -A2- Also He (a horse) preceded the other horses: (S, TA:) and Asnft she (a camel) preceded the other camels (K, TA) in going, or journeying, or pace; (TA;) as also ↓ sanafato. (K, TA.) [See the verse cited in the preceding paragraph, and the explanation of it by Az.] Said of a camel, it means also He put forward his neck, to go on: (K, TA:) or he advanced, or preceded. (TA.) ― -b2- Said of lightning, It appeared, or was seen, near; and so said of the clouds (Als~aHaAb). (K.) ― -b3- And Asnft Alr ~iyHu The wind blew violently, and raised the dust. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) : see the next paragraph. A leaf; (M, and so in copies of the K, and in the TA;) or leaves: (so in other copies of the K:) pl. sinofN; thus in the copies of the K, [like the sing.,] but this requires consideration; and it seems that it is sunuwfN, a pl. assigned to sinofN in a sense that will be mentioned in what follows: (TA:) [or the pl. is sinafapN, likewise mentioned, as a pl. of sinofN, in what follows, in three places:] also (K) the leaf of the [tree called] marox: (AA, S, O, K:) or the pericarp of the marox: (S, M, O, K:) this, says IB, is the correct meaning, as those acquainted with the mrx affirm; for, as 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh says, the mrx has not leaves, nor thorns, but consists of slender twigs; it grows in [water-courses such as are termed] $uEab: (TA:) a poet likens thereto the ears of horses: (S:) the pl. is sinafapN: (M:) or the pericarps of any tree having a produce consisting of grains in a long pod, (AHn, O, K,) that become scattered, when they dry, from that pod, the shale thereof remaining; (AHn, O;) one such pod is termed ↓ sinofapN; (AHn, O, K;) and the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is sinofN; (K;) and this last has for its pl. sinafapN: (AHn, O, K:) Aboo-Ziyád says that it is like [the pod of] the baAqil~aY [or bean], except that it is wider, and pointed at the extremity; wherefore a poet likens thereto the ear of a horse: (O:) or, accord. to AHn, ↓ sinofapN signifies any pericarp, whether oblong or not oblong; and the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is sinofN; and the pl. of sinofN is sinafapN: (M:) [see also HubolapN:] and the shale of the [bean called] baAqil~aA=', and of the [species of kidney-bean called] luwbiyaA=', and of the lentil, and the like; (IAar, TA;) or the shale of the first of these three when what was in it has been eaten; (K;) and the pl. is sunuwfN. (IAar, TA.) ― -b2- Also, (K,) or ↓ sanofN, with fet-h, (IAar, O, L,) A branch, or twig, (EuwdN,) stripped of its leaves. (IAar, O, L, K.) ― -b3- And the former, The [grain called] dawosar [i. e. zuw^aAn, q. v.,] which is sometimes in wheat and barley, (O, K,) and which vitiates them, and lowers their prices. (O.) -A2- Also i. q. SinofN [A sort, or species]. (K.) One says, h`*aA TaEaAmN sinofaAni [This is food, or wheat,] of two sorts, good and bad. (AA, O.) ― -b2- And A company of men. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) One says, jaA='aniY sinofN mina Aln~aAsi A company of men came to me. (Ibn- 'Abbád, O.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. and sanofataAni Two pieces of wood set upright, between which is put the [pulley called] maHaAlap [by means whereof water is drawn.] (K.) The [breast-girth called] labab: (K:) or the appertenance of the camel that is as the labab to the horse or similar beast: (Kh, S:) or a cord which you tie to the taSodiyr [or breast-girth of the camel], then you bring it forward so as to put it behind the callous protuberance upon the breast, [and there, app., make it fast in some manner,] and it keeps the tSdyr in its place: (As, S, O, K:) this is done only when the belly of the camel has become lank, and his tSdyr has [consequently] become unsteady: (S, O, K: *) or a cord that is tied from the hind girth of the camel to his breast-girth and is then tied to his neck, when he has become lank: (M:) pl. [of mult.] sunufN (M, K) and sunofN (K) and [of pauc.] A^asonifapN: (TA:) and a leathern strap or thong, or some other thing, that is put behind the [breast-girth called] labab, in order that it may not slip [from its place]. (M.) A horse that shifts the saddle forwards. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) [See also misonaAfN.] A cloth that is put, (AA, O, K,) or tied, (M,) upon the shoulders of the camel: pl. sunufN (AA, M, O, K) and sunofN: (K:) the cloths that are similarly placed upon the hinder parts of camels are called A^a$il~apN [pl. of $aliylN]. (AA, O.) ― -b2- Also The HaA$iyap [properly meaning selvage, or selvedge,] of a carpet; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) i. e., its xamol [which generally means nap; but this addition I think doubtful]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) A she-camel having the sinaAf [q. v.] tied upon her. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And xayolN musonafaAtN Horses having the [withers, or parts called] manaAsij high, or elevated: denoting a quality approved in them; for it is only in the best, and the generous, thereof: and when they are thus, the saddles recede upon their backs; wherefore the sinaAf is put to them, to keep the saddles in their places. (M.) A mare, (S, M, K,) and a she-camel, (M,) preceding others in going, or journeying, or pace; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ misonaAfN: (M:) and masaAniyfN [being pl. of the latter] signifies the same; and is applied to camels: (Th, TA:) or [so in the K, but more properly “ and ”] musonafapN, with fet-h to the n is specially applied to the she-camel, (K, TA,) in the sense first assigned to it above: (TA:) or musonifapN, (K, TA,) with kesr to the n, (TA,) signifies a [youthful she-camel such as is termed] bakorap that has completed the tenth month of her pregnancy, and whose udder has become swollen. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA,) ― -b2- Also, (El-'Ozeyzee, O, K,) or musonifN and ↓ misonaAfN, (AA, M,) applied to a she-camel, Lean, or light of flesh, (AA, El-'Ozeyzee, M, O, K,) or lank in the belly. (AA, M.) ― -b3- And musonifapN signifies also Land affected with drought, barrenness, or dearth: (El-'Ozeyzee, O, K:) or a year of drought, barrenness, or dearth: [thus expl. as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant:] pl. masaAnifu. (AHn, M.) (tropical:) A camel that makes the saddle to shift backwards; (S, M, K, TA;) wherefore a sinaAf is put to him: (S, TA:) and, (K,) or as some say, (S,) that makes it to shift forwards: (S, K, TA:) so says Lth: but ISh disallows his explanation, saying that it means a she-camel that makes the load to shift forwards; and that mijonaA^apN [a word which I have not found anywhere except in this instance] signifies the contrary: (TA:) or that makes her fore girth to slip forward; contr. of mudorijN and midoraAjN. (TA in art. drj.) ― -b2- See also musonifapN, in two places. snq , (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. sanaqN, (S,) He (a young camel) suffered indigestion (S, K) mina All~abani [from the milk]. (K.) One says, of a young camel, $ariba Hat~aY saniqa He drank until, or so that, he suffered indigestion. (S.) And one says, of an ass, and of any beast, saniqa, inf. n. as above, meaning, He was affected with what resembled indigestion from eating fresh herbage. (TA.) i. q. tar~afahu [i. e. Ease and plenty caused him to exult, or to exult greatly, or excessively, and to behave insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully: or wealth made him to enjoy, or lead, a plentiful, and a pleasant or an easy, and a soft or delicate, life; or a life of ease and plenty]. (O, K.) Satiated, or sated, like him who is suffering indigestion: (A'Obeyd, TA:) applied by Lebeed as an epithet to a horse. (TA.) A house, or chamber, plastered with gypsum: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) pl. sun~ayoqaAtN and sanaAniyqu: (K:) or, accord. to Sh, these are pls. of the word in the sense next following. (TA.) ― -b2- Any [hill of the kind termed] A^akamap: pl. as above: so accord. to Sh: (T, O, TA:) or it is the name of a particular A^akamap, (T, O, K, * TA,) well known; occurring, without Al, in a poem of Imra-el-Keys. (T, O, TA.) ― -b3- And Als~un~ayoqu, A certain white star. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) snm , (M, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. sanamN; (M, Msb;) so some say; others saying sunima, in the pass. form; and ↓ A^asonama, as some say; others saying ↓ A^usonima; (Msb;) He (a camel) was, or became, large in the sanaAm [or hump]. (M, Msb, K.) , (M, K,) inf. n. tasoniymN, (K,) It (herbage, or pasture,) made him (a camel) large in the sanaAm [or hump]; as also ↓ Asnmhu: (M, K:) or both signify it made him fat. (TA.) ― -b2- And He made it gibbous, namely, a grave; i. e. he raised it from the ground like the sanaAm: (Msb:) tasoniym (S, K) of a grave (S) is the contr. of tasoTiyH. (S, K.) He raised it, [app. so as to make it gibbous,] namely a thing. (M.) ― -b3- And He filled it, namely, a vessel, (AZ, M, Msb, K,) and then put upon it what was like a sanaAm of wheat or some other thing, (AZ, Msb,) or so that there was above it what was like the sanaAm. (M.) ― -b4- See also 5. ― -b5- [And see tasoniymN, below.] see 1, in two places: ― -b2- and 2, first sentence. ― -b3- Asnm Ald~uxaAnu, (S, K,) inf. n. A_isonaAmN, (S,) The smoke rose, or rose high. (S, K.) And Asanmt Aln~aAru The fire became large in its flame: (M, K:) or the fire had a high flame. (TA.) He mounted, or rode upon, the sanaAm [or hump] of the she-camel. (Har pp. 332, and 390.) ― -b2- He (the stallion) mounted the she-camel; (M, TA;) he leaped the she-camel. (TA.) ― -b3- And tsn~mhu He, or it, mounted, ascended, got, was, or became, upon it, (S, M, Msb, K,) namely, a thing; (M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ sn~mhu, (M, K,) inf. n. tasoniymN. (TA. [Freytag adds Astnmhu in this sense, as on the authority of J, whom I do not find to have mentioned it.]) And He mounted, or ascended, upon it from its side, namely, a wall. (TA.) And He rode upon it, namely, anything, [meaning any animal,] advancing, or retiring. (TA.) ― -b4- Also It became abundant upon him, and spread; said of hoariness; as also ta$ay~amahu; (IAar, M, TA;) like A^awo$ama fiyhi. (TA.) ― -b5- And tsn~m Als~aHaAbu AlA^aroDa The clouds rained copiously, or abundantly, upon the land. (TA.) ― -b6- Alt~asan~umu also signifies The taking, or seizing, suddenly, unexpectedly, or by surprise. (M, K.) [a coll. gen. n.]: see sanamapN [its n. un.]. A camel having a large sanaAm [or hump]: (Lth, S, M, K:) fem. with p. (Lth, TA.) ― -b2- Also A tall plant, of which the sanamap, (S, K,) i. e. the head, resembling the ear of corn, (S,) or the blossom, (K,) has come forth. (S, K.) [And] sanimapN signifies Any tree ($ajarap) that does not bear; its extremities having dried up, and become altered. (M. [In the TA, the word in this sense is said to be sanamapN: but the former is app. the right reading.]) ― -b3- Also, (TA,) or sanimN EalaY wajohi AlA^aroDi, (S, in which it is only mentioned as said of water,) Water rising, or rising high, and appearing upon the surface of the earth. (TA.) The blossom (M, K) of a plant; (K;) i. e. (TA) the head thereof, resembling the ear of corn, (S, TA,) [or] it is of the Tariyfap [q. v.], not of the [herbs called] baqol: (M:) and signifies also the extremities [or an extremity] of the Sil~iyaAn, which are [or is] shed thereby: (M, TA:) and the head of a tree [or plant] of the kind termed diq~ [q. v.], in form like what is upon the head of the reed, or cane, except that it is soft, and the camels eat it in the manner termed xaDomN [inf. n. of xaDama, q. v.]: (TA:) [it is the n. un. of ↓ sanamN, the latter being a coll. gen. n., as is shown by what follows:] AHn says, some assert that the sanamap is such of the produce of herbs as resembles the produce of the A_i*oxir [q. v.] and the like; and such as the produce of the reed, or cane; and that the most excellent of the sanam are the sanam of a herb called the ↓ A_isonaAmap [n. un. of A_isonaAmN]; and the camels eat it in the manner termed xaDomN, because of its softness; or, as in some of the copies [of his work], the camels do not eat it. (M.) of the camel, (S,) of the he-camel and of the she-camel, [The hump; i. e.] the highest part of the back: (M, TA:) [in substance,] it is to the camel like the A^aloyap [here meaning the fat of the tail] to the sheep: (Msb:) pl. A^asonimapN (S, M, Msb, K) [and app. A^asonaAmN also, as seems to be indicated by an explanation of this latter pl. in what follows]. Hence, in a trad., nisaA='N EalaY ruw^uwsihin~a kaA^asonimapi Albuxoti [Women upon whose heads are the like of the humps of the Bactrian camels]; meaning such as wind the head-coverings as turbans upon their heads so as to enlarge them [in appearance] thereby. (TA.) [Hence, also, sanaAmu Aln~aAqapi (assumed tropical:) The name of a star in the constellation of Cassiopea: mentioned by Freytag, with a reference to Ideler Untersuch. p. 84.] ― -b2- Also The highest, or highest part, of anything: (TA:) and the best, or choice part, (M, TA,) of anything; (TA;) because the sanaAm is the best, or the choice part, of what is in the camel. (M.) [Hence,] A^asonimapu Alr~imaAli The protuberant, or elevated, parts of the sands; as being likened to the hump of the she-camel: (M, TA:) and A^asonimapu Alr~amoli the backs of the sands, that rise from the main portions thereof. (TA.) And sanaAmu AlA^aroDi The baHor [q. v.] (S, TA [in some copies of the S naHor, perhaps correctly najod, i. e. high, or elevated, part]) of the land: (S, TA:) and the middle of the land. (S, K.) And sanaAmu Aln~aEoli The rising part of the middle of the upper side of the sandal, which is in the place of the hollow of the foot. (Har p. 559.) And A^asonaAmu naArK The highest parts of a fire: (EM p. 156, and TA:) A^asonaAm being pl. of sanaAmN, which signifies the highest part of a thing. (EM ubi suprà.) And sanaAmu Almajodi (assumed tropical:) The highest [of a people] in respect of glory. (TA.) The ox, or cow; syn. Albaqarapu: (M, K:) or, as some say, the wild baqarap. (TA.) The fruit, or produce, of the HaliY~ [q. v.]; (M, K, TA; [in the CK, of the Hulay~A;]) mentioned by Seer on the authority of Aboo-Málik: (M:) n. un. with p. (K.) And the latter signifies A certain herb: (see sanamapN:) or a species of tree: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] A_isonaAmN. (M.) [originally inf. n. of 2, q. v.,] A certain water in Paradise; so called because running above the elevated chambers (S, K *) and the pavilions: mentioned in the Kur lxxxiii. 27: (S:) or a certain fountain, or source, (EayonN,) in Paradise: so they assert; and this requires its being determinate, imperfectly decl.: or, accord. to Zj, a water coming upon them from above, from the elevated chambers: (M:) or a certain fountain, or source, coming upon them from above. (K [and in like manner Az explains it].) A land that gives growth to the A_isonaAmap, n. un. of A_isonaAmN. (K, TA.) A camel left unridden [so that he is made to have a large hump]. (K, * TA.) ― -b2- And qaborN musan~amN An elevated [or a gibbous] grave: from Als~anaAmu. (Mgh.) ― -b3- And majodN musan~amN (assumed tropical:) Great glory. (M, TA.) snh see 5, in two places. , inf. n. musaAnahapN and sinaAhN; and saAnAhu, inf. n. musaAnaApN; (K;) or EaAmalahu musuAnahapF, and musaAnaApF; (Msb;) He made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like, by the year: (K:) and AisotaA^ojarotuhu musaAnahapF, and musaAnaApF, [I hired him by the year:] (S:) musaAnahapN and musaAnaApN from Als~anapu are like muEaAwamapN from AlEaAmu, and mu$aAharapN from Al$~ahoru, and muraAbaEapN from Alr~abiyEu, &c. (TA in art. rbE.) ― -b2- sAnht Aln~axolapu The palm-tree bore one year and not another; (As, K;) as also EaAwamat. (As, TA.) In this form of the verb, the final radical letter is changed into t, so that they say A^asonatuwA, meaning They experienced drought, or barrenness. (TA. [See also art. snt.]) , (S,) and tasan~ayotu Endh, (S, Msb,) I remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, with him, or at his abode, a year: (Msb:) both signify the same. (TA.) [See also 5 in art. snw and snY.] ― -b2- tsn~ht Aln~axolapu (assumed tropical:) The palm-tree underwent the lapse of years; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ sanihat: (S:) and in like manner one says of other things. (Msb.) ― -b3- tsn~h said of food and of beverage, (Fr, S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) It became altered [for the worse]; as also ↓ saniha, aor. , inf. n. sanahN: (TA:) or it became altered [for the worse] by the lapse of years: (Fr, S, TA:) and Alt~asan~uhu in relation to bread and beverage &c. means the becoming mouldy, or musty, or spoiled. (S: and so in some copies of the K and in the TA: in other copies of the K, Als~anihu, like katif, is put in the place of Alt~asan~uhu; and Almutakar~iju in the place of the explanation Alt~akar~uju.) faA@noZuro A_ilaY TaEaAmika wa$araAbika lamo yatasan~aho, in the Kur [ii. 261], means (assumed tropical:) [But look at thy food and thy beverage,] it has not become altered [for the worse] by the lapse of years: (Fr, S, TA:) Az says that this is the right way of reading, by pronouncing the h in ytsn~h in pausing after it and in continuing without pausing: Ks used to suppress the h in the latter case and to pronounce it in the former: and Aboo-'Amr EshSheybánee says that the original form [of yatasan~a] is yatasan~ano; the like change being made in it as is made in taZan~ayotu [for taZan~anotu] and in qaS~ayatu A^aZofaAriY [for qaS~aSotu AZfArY]. (TA. [See also 5 in art. snw and snY, last sentence.]) a word of which the final radical letter is rejected, (S, Msb,) and of which there are two dial. vars., (Msb,) being, accord. to some, originally sanohapN, (S, Msb,) like jabohapN (S) or sajodapN, (Msb,) and accord to others, sanowpN, (S, * Msb,) like $ahowapN, and upon each of these originals are founded modifications of the word, (Msb,) therefore it is mentioned in the K [and S and other lexicons] in the present art. and again in art. snw, (TA,) A year; syn. HawolN; (Msb;) or EaAmN: (M, K:) or, as Suh says, in the R, the sanap is longer than the EaAm; the latter word being applied to the [twelve] Arabian months [collectively], and thus differing from the former word: (TA:) with the Arabs it consists of four seasons, mentioned before [in art. zmn, voce zamanN]: but sometimes it is tropically applied to (tropical:) a single faSol [or quarter]; as in the saying, daAma AlmaTaru Als~anapa kul~ahaA, meaning [The rain continued] during the faSol [or quarter, all of it]: (Msb:) [see more in art. snw and snY:] the dim. is ↓ sunayohapu (S, Msb) accord. to those who make the original of sanapN to be sanohapN, (Msb,) and ↓ sunay~apN (S, Msb) accord. to those who make the original of sanapN to be sanowapN; (Msb;) and some say sunayonapN, but this is rare: (TA:) the pl. is sanahaAtN (Msb, K) accord. to those who make the original of sanapN to be sanohpN, (Msb,) and sanawaAtN (Msb, K) accord. to those who make the original of sanapN to be sanowapN; (Msb;) and sinuwna also, (S, Msb, K,) like the masc. perfect pl., (Msb,) [agreeably with a rule applying to other cases of this kind,] with kesr, to the s, (S, TA,) and siniyna [in the accus. and gen. cases], (Msb, TA,) so that one says, h`*ihi sinuwna [These are years], and raA^ayotu siniyna [I saw years], (TA,) and the n is elided when it is prefixed to another noun, governing the latter in the gen. case, (Msb,) and some say sunuwna, with damm to the s; (S, TA;) and in one dial., the Y is retained in all the cases, and the n is made a letter of declinability, with tenween when the word is indeterminate, [so that one says siniynN,] and is not elided when the word is prefixed to another noun, governing the latter in the gen. case, because it is [regarded as] one of the radical letters of the word; and of this dial. is the saying of the Prophet, Aall~`hum~a A@joEalohaA Ealayohimo siniynFA kasiniyni yuwsufa [O God, make them to be to them years like the years of Joseph]; (Msb; [but in my copy of the Mgh, I find kasiniY yuwsufa;]) or with respect to siniynN, like miy^iynN, with refa [and tenween], there are two opinions; one is, that it is of the measure fiEoliynN, like gisoliynN, with a rejection [of one letter], though this is an anomalous pl., for there sometimes occurs among pls. that which has no parallel, as EidFY, and this is the opinion of Akh; the other is, that it is of the measure faEiylN, changed to fiEiylN because of the kesreh of the second letter; the pl. being in some instances of the measure faEiylN, like kaliybN and EabiydN; but he who holds this opinion makes its final n to be a substitute for w, and that of miAy^apN a substitute for Y: (S:) you may also suppress the tenween in siniynN; [in which case it seems that one says siniyna in the nom. case (assimilating it to sinuwna) as well as in the accus. and the gen.; like as one does in the instances of buriyn and biriyn, pls. of burapN, accord. to the K, though, as I have shown in art. brw, there is some doubt on this point;] but the suppression of the tenween in siniynN is more rare than its pronunciation: (I' Ak p. 18:) and another pl. is suniY~N, [originally sunuw~N,] of the measure fuEuwlN. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. snw.) The phrase val`va miAy^apK siniyna, in the Kur [xviii. 24], is said by Akh to be for val`vamiAy^apK mina Als~iniyna [Three hundred of years]: and he says that if the sinuwn be an explicative of the miAy^ap, it is in the gen. case [to agree with miAy^apK]; and if an explicative of the val`v, it is in the accus. case [to agree with val`va]. (S. [See also Bd on this phrase; and see De Sacy's Ar. Gr., 2nd ed., i. 423.]) [lisanapK, relating to an animal or a plant or the like, means To the completion of a year: and lisanatihi, to the completion of his, or its, year; i. e. in his, or its, first year.] And one says, ↓ laqiytuhu muno*u sunay~aAtK [I met him some years ago; three or more, to ten, years ago]: a phrase like laqiytuhu *aAta AlEuwayomi. (Az, TA in art. Ewm.) And ↓ sunay~apN is a dim. of enhancement, of sanapN: one says sunay~apN HamoraA='u A severe year of drought or barrenness or dearth: (TA:) and AlbiyDi ↓ waqaEuwA fiY Als~unay~aAti [They lapsed into the severe years of scantiness of herbage]: these were years that pressed hard upon the people of ElMedeeneh. (K, TA.) ― -b2- sanapN [alone] also signifies (tropical:) Drought, or barrenness: (Msb, K, TA:) or vehement, or intense, drought: (TA in art. snw:) an instance of a noun used especially in one of its senses, like daAb~apN applied to “ a horse, ” and maAlN applied to “ camels: ” pl., in this, as in the former, sense, sanahaAtN [and sanawaAtN] and sinuwna and siniynN. (TA.) One says of a land (A^aroDN), A^aSaAbatohaA Als~anapu (tropical:) Drought, or barrenness, befell it. (Msb.) And in like manner one says of people, A^aSaAbatohumu Als~anahu (tropical:) [Drought, &c., befell them]. (TA.) A seeker of herbage and of a place in which to alight was sent to a tract, and found it dried up by want of rain, and when he returned, being asked respecting it, he said, Als~anapu, meaning (tropical:) Drought, &c. [has befallen it]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., Aall~`hum~a A^aEin~iY EalaY muDarabiAls~anapi, i. e. (tropical:) [O God, aid me against Mudar] by drought &c. (TA.) -A2- It is also [used as an epithet,] applied to land (A^aroDN), as meaning (tropical:) Affected with drought, or barrenness; (As, S, K;) as also ↓ sanohaA='u and sanowaA='u. (Msb.) One says likewise, h`*ihi bilaAdN siniynN (tropical:) These are countries, or tracts, affected with drought &c.: and Et-Tirimmáh says bimunoxaraqK taHin~u Alr~iyHu fiyhi Haniyna AlHulobi fiY Albaladi Als~iniyni (tropical:) [In a gusty tract, the wind moaning therein like the moaning of the milch ewes or goats (see HaluwbN) in the country affected with drought, or the countries, &c., balad being regarded as a coll. gen. n. and therefore qualified by a pl., like qawomN in the phrase qawomN kaAfiruwna]. (TA.) , also pronounced with teshdeed to the n: see sanFA, in art. snw and snY, last sentence. (assumed tropical:) [Food, or wheat,] that has undergone the lapse of years; (AZ, K;) as also sanK. (AZ, TA.) ― -b2- See also mutasan~ihN. (assumed tropical:) A palm-tree that bears one year and not another: (S, K:) or a palm-tree affected by a year of drought. (S.) And sanapN sanohaA='u A year in which is no herbage nor rain. (TA.) ― -b2- See also sanapN, last sentence but one. and sunay~apN (dims. of sanapN), and the pl. sunay~aAt: see sanapN, in five places: and see also sunay~apN in art. snw and snY. , applied to bread, (S, K,) and so ↓ sanihN applied to bread and to beverage &c., (CK, but see 5, third sentence,) (assumed tropical:) Mouldy, or musty, or spoiled. (S, K.) snw and snY , [aor. yasonuw,] inf. n. sunuw~N and sinaAyapN and sinaAwapN, i. q. saqaY [as meaning He watered, or irrigated, land]. (M.) [Hence,] one says A^aroDN ↓ masonuw~apN and ↓ masoniy~apN, (S, M, K,) meaning Watered, or irrigated, land: (M:) the w in masoniy~apN being changed into Y, (S, M,) in the opinion of Sb, (M,) like as it is in qinoyapN; (S;) for he knew not sanayotuhaA [as meaning I watered it], holding masoniy~apN to be from [sanaAhaA having for its aor.] yasonuwhaA. (M.) One says [also], sanati Aln~aAqapu, aor. tasonuw, (S, K,) inf. n. [as above, or] sinaAwapN and sinaAyapN, (TA,) The she-camel watered, or irrigated, land. (S, K, TA.) And Als~aHaAbapu tasonuw AlA^aroDa (S, Msb) The cloud waters the land. (Msb.) And sanaAka Algayovu (assumed tropical:) [The rain gave thee water for thy land, or may the rain give thee water], inf. n. snw and snY [app. sunuw~N and suniY~N]. (TA.) And Als~aHaAbu yasonuw AlmaTara (assumed tropical:) [The clouds send down rain]. (TA.) And sanati Als~aHaAbapu biAlmaTari (assumed tropical:) [The cloud watered, or irrigated, with rain], aor. tasonuw and tasoniY. (M, TA.) And sanati Als~amaA='u, aor. tasonuw, inf. n. sunuw~N, (tropical:) The sky rained. (TA.) ― -b2- sanati Ald~aAb~apu, aor. tasoniY; (M in art. snY;) or saniyat, (K, * TA,) aor. tasonaY, like taroDaY; (K, TA;) The beast [by which is app. meant, in the M, the horse, for it is there added wagayoruhaA, meaning that the verb is said in like manner of other animals, which is the case, for it is generally said of a camel,] was used for the drawing of water upon it [to irrigate land: see saAniyapN, below]. (M, K.) And sanaA, aor. yasonuw, said of a beast [turning a water-wheel], He turned round about the well. (R, TA.) And Alqawomu yasonuwna liA^anofusihimo, (S, K,) inf. n. sinaAyapN, and sometimes sAniyapN, (TA,) The people, or party, draw water for themselves; (S, K; [in some copies of the former of which, A_i*aA A^asoqawoA is erroneously put for A_i*aA A@sotaqawoA, the reading in both of my copies;]) and so ↓ AisotanawoA^a lAnfshm. (M, * TA.) And sanaA EalaY AlbaEiyri, inf. n. sanaAyapN [app. a mistranscription for sinaAyapN], He drew water upon the camel; which camel is termed saAniyapN. (MA.) And baEiyrN yusonaY Ealayohi A camel upon which water is drawn. (Mgh and Msb in explanation of saAniyapN.) And biy^orN yusonaY minohaA [A well from which water is drawn, app. by means of the camel called saAniyap]. (M.) And sanawotu Ald~alowa, inf. n. sinaAyapN, I drew the bucket from the well. (TA.) -A2- sanati Aln~aAru, (M, K,) aor. tasonuw, inf. n. sanaA='N, (M,) The fire became high in its light. (M, K.) And sanaA Albaroqu, (M, K,) aor. yasonuw, inf. n. sanaA='N, (TA,) The lightning shone, shone brightly, or gleamed: (M, K, TA:) [or gleamed upwards, or shot up: for, in the Kur xxiv. 43,] some read, yakaAdu sanaA='u baroqihi yadohabu biA@loA^aboSaAri, meaning The rising and gleaming upwards of his lightning [nearly taketh away the sight, lit. sights]; others reading sanaA, of which sanaA=' is not a dial. var. (M.) And ↓ AsnY Albaroqu signifies [in like manner] The lightning shone, or gleamed; or diffused itself, and rose. (M.) And sanaA A_ilaY maEaAliY AlA^umuwri (assumed tropical:) He rose [or aspired] to the means of attaining eminence. (M.) And sanuwa fiY Hasabihi, inf. n. sanaA='N, (assumed tropical:) He became high, or exalted, in his grounds of pretension to respect or honour. (M.) And saniYa, like raDiYa, He (a man, TA) was, or became, high, or exalted, in rank. (K, * TA.) -A3- See also 2, in two places. -A4- And see 5. , (M, TA,) inf. n. tasoniyapN, (TA,) He ascended, rose, mounted, got, was, or became, upon it, namely, a thing; (M, TA;) as also ↓ tsn~Ahu. (M.) And AlbaEiyru Aln~aAqapa ↓ tsn~Y The he-camel mounted the she-camel to compress her. (K.) -A2- And sn~Ahu, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He opened it; (S, K, TA;) namely, a knot, and a lock: (TA:) and made it easy. (S, K, TA. [In the last of these, said to be tropical.]) A poet says, waA^aEolamu EilomFA layosa biAlZ~an~i A^an~ahu A_i*aA A@ll~`hu san~aY Eaqoda $aYo'K tayas~araA [And I know with a knowledge that is not mere opinion, that, when God opens, and makes easy, the tying, or knotting, of a thing, it becomes easy]. (S.) And one says, san~ayotu Al$~aYo'a, and AlA^amora, (assumed tropical:) I opened the way of doing the thing, and the affair. (TA.) And AlbaAba ↓ sanayotu, (K,) inf. n. snY [app. sanoYN], (TA,) I opened the door; as also ↓ sanawotuhu; (K, TA;) the verb in this sense having Y and w for its last radical. (TA.) -A3- See also 5. , (S, M, * K, *) inf. n. musaAnaApN (TA) [and sinaA='N (see what I have said respecting a verse cited voce sin~N)], (tropical:) I vied with the man in being pleased, well pleased, or content; or I agreed, consented, accorded, or was of one mind or opinion, with him: (S, M, * K: *) and I treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; soothed, or coaxed, him: and behaved well to him in my social intercourse with him: (S, K:) or musaAnaApN signifies the treating one with gentleness, or blandishment, in suing for a thing: (Az, TA:) or the endeavouring to conciliate one. (TA.) -A2- And sAnAhu, inf. n. musaAnaAopN and sinaA='N, He hired him for [or by] the year; (M, K;) or he made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like, by the year; like saAnahahu: (K in art. snh:) and EaAmalahu musaAnaApF and AisotaA^ojarahu masaAnaApF signify the same as musaAnahapF [q. v.]. (M, TA.) He raised, exalted, or elevated, him, or it. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- AsnY Aln~aAra He raised the light of the fire. (M.) ― -b3- AsnY lahu AljaAy^izapa He raised [in value], to him, the jAy^zp [i. e. gift, or present]. (TA.) And A^asonayonaA lahu AljaEaAlapa We made much and high [in amount], to him, the pay. (Har p. 134.) ― -b4- And AsnY jiwaArahu i. q. A^aHosanahu [app. meaning He made good his covenant of protection]. (TA.) -A2- AsnY Albaroqu The lightning sent its light into the house, or tent, or chamber: or fell upon the ground: or flew along in the clouds; (K, TA;) or, sometimes, elsewhere, not in the clouds: but it is only in the night. (TA.) See also another explanation near the end of the first paragraph. -A3- AsnY Alqawomu, (S, M, K,) inf. n. A_isonaA='N, (S) The people, or party, tarried a year (S, K) in a place: (S:) or it signifies A^ataY Ealayohimu AlEaAmu [the year passed over them; meaning they remained to the end of the year]. (M.) But A^asonatuwA signifies They were afflicted with drought, or barrenness: (S, M, * K: [Freytag has erroneously assigned this signification to AisotanawoA:]) the w, (S,) or the Y, which is originally w, (M,) being changed into t, (S, M,) to distinguish between this verb and AsnY in the sense expl. above. (S. [See art. snt.]) : see 2, in two places. ― -b2- Also i. q. rqY rqyp [in the CK raq`Y ruqoyapF, and in my MS. copy of the K raqaA ruqoyapF, but correctly raqiYa, meaning He ascended: agreeably with this rendering, the inf. n. is expl. in the TK as meaning ywkskh Jqmq:] said of a man. (K, * TA.) -A2- Also It opened, or became opened or open: said of a lock [&c.]. (TA.) ― -b2- It was, or became, facilitated, or easy; and ready, or prepared. (Har pp. 159 and 508.) ― -b3- And i. q. tasah~ala fiY A^umuwrihi, said of a man, (K,) i. e. He found, or experienced, ease, or facility, in his affairs. (TK.) -A3- Also i. q. taraD~aY: so in the phrase tsn~Y fulaAnFA [He sought to please, content, or satisfy, such a one; or he pleased, contented, or satisfied, such a one, after striving, labouring, or toiling]: (K:) but it is said in the M, [app. a mistake, perhaps for the T, for in the M I do not find it,] that snyt flAnA [by which may be meant either ↓ sanayotu or ↓ san~ayotu] means trD~yth. (TA.) -A4- tasan~ayotu Einodahu I remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, with him, or at his abode, a year; like tasan~ahotu Einodahu: (Msb in art. snh:) or it means ↓ A^aqamotu Einodahu sunay~aAti [I remained &c., with him, or at his abode, some years; three or more, to ten, years]. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (TA,) tsn~Y signifies also It became altered [for the worse], (S, K, TA,) accord. to Er-Rághib, so that it lost its freshness, by the lapse of years: (TA: [see also tasan~aha:]) but accord. to AA, it is from the phrase in the Kur [xv. 26 and 28 and 33] mino HamaA^K masonuwnK; one of the ns being changed into Y; and is similar to taqaD~aY for taqaD~aDa. (S, TA.) : see 1. -A2- AstnY Aln~aAra He looked at the light of the fire. (IAar, M.) Light: (Msb, MF:) or the light of lightning, (S, M, K,) and of fire: (M:) or the point, or extremity, of the light of lightning: (T, TA:) or light shining or gleaming, or diffusing itself and rising: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or a high light: and applied also to the shining, or gleaming, of weapons: (Ham p. 271:) MF says that the apparent particularization in the K [&c.] seems to have been taken from the verse of the Kur [xxiv. 43], and that the word is correctly a general term, meaning as expl. in the Msb: (TA:) [it is originally sanawN, though mentioned in the K as belonging to art. snY; for] the dual is sanawaAni: As knew not a verb belonging to it. (TA.) -A2- Also [The cassia senna of Linn.; the common senna of medicine; so called in the present day; and also called sanaAmak~ap, and sanaA HijaAziY~;] a certain plant, (S, M, Msb, K,) used as a medicine; (S, TA;) and recommended in a trad.; (TA;) an attenuant of the yellow bile and the black bile and the phlegm, (K, TA,) howsoever used; (TA;) [and] used as a collyrium; (M;) AHn describes it as a shrub, or small tree, of the [class called] A^agolaAv [pl. of galavN], which is mixed with Hin~aA=', and improves and strengthens its colour, and blackens it; and which has a fruit of such kind that, when it dries up, and is put in motion by the wind, it causes to be heard a sound such as is termed zajal [q. v.]: (M in arts. snw and snY, and TA:) its name is as above and ↓ sanaA='N: (M, K:) and the n. un. is sanaApN and sanaA='apN: (M in arts. snw and snY:) the dual of sanFA is sanayaAni, and some say sanawaAni. (M in art. snY.) [Accord. to a gloss. in a copy of the S, as stated by Golius, the dual sanawaAni is applied to The leaves of cyprus (or Hin~aA=') and senna mixed together, with which the hair is dyed black.] In the phrase sanaA Almisoki, in a verse of El-Jaadee, the plant [above mentioned] may be meant, as though it were mixed with musk: or it may be from sanFA signifying “ light; ” because the diffusion of odour is like that of light. (M.) -A3- sanaA, (JM,) or sanaA sanaA, (TA,) without teshdeed, and also with tesh-deed, to the n, is an Abyssinian expression, meaning Hasuna [q. v.], (JM, TA,) occurring in a trad. of Umm-Khálid; but it is differently related; some saying sanaho sanaho; and some, sanaAn; and pronouncing each with, as well as without, teshdeed: so in the Nh. (TA.) [Food, or wheat,] that has undergone the lapse of years; as also sanihN. (AZ, TA in art. snh.) , applied to a portion of time, (M,) signifying A year, syn. HawolN, (Mgh,) or EaAmN, (K,) but a distinction is made between EaAmN and sanapN, [as has been stated in art. snh,] (TA,) belongs to arts. snw and snh [in both of which it is mentioned in many of the lexicons: see what has been said respecting it in art. snh in the present work]: (M:) accord. to Suh, in the R, it is from sanaA, aor. yasonuw, said of a beast [turning a water-wheel], meaning “ he turned round about the well; ” so that it signifies a single revolution of the sun; and it is sometimes termed daArN: he says also that it is longer than the EaAm, which is applied to the [twelve] Arabian months [collectively]: but sanapN is also applied to twelve revolutions of the moon: the sanap $amosiy~ap [or solar year] is three hundred and sixty-five days and a quarter of a day: and the sanap qamariy~ap [or lunar year] is three hundred and fifty-four days and a third of a day: it is also said, on the authority of Er-Rághib, that sanapN is used as denoting a year in which is difficulty, and drought, or barrenness, or dearth; and EaAmN, as denoting that in which is ampleness of the means, or circumstances, of life, and abundance of herbage or the like; and by this is explained the nice point in the words of the Kur [xxix. 13], A^alofa sanapK A_il~aA xamosiyna EaAmFA [a thousand years save fifty years]; because the fifty years passed before the mission of the prophet [Noah], before which no harm happened to him from his people; but after his mission, the years were difficult to him. (TA.) [Respecting the dims., (which are sun~y~apN and sunayohapN, the former accord. to those who make the original of sanapN to be sanowapN, and the latter accord. to those who make it to be sanohapN,) and the pls., (which are sanawaAtN and sanahaAtN and sinuwna and sunuwna and siniynN and siniyna, the last whereof is originally siniynN, and suniY~N also,) see sanapN in art. snh ― -b2- Also respecting sanapN used alone as signifying (tropical:) Drought, or barrenness, or vehement or intense drought, see that word in art. snh. -A2- Also respecting the same word used as an epithet, applied to land (A^aroDN), as meaning (tropical:) Affected with drought or barrenness, like sanowaA='u and sanohaA='u, see that same word in art. snh.] (assumed tropical:) A hard, rigorous, or distressing, year. (M, K.) And A^aroDN sanowaA='N (assumed tropical:) A land affected with drought or barrenness [like A^aroDN sanapN]. (TA.) [See also sanohaA='u, in art. snh.] inf. n. of sanat said of fire, (M,) and of sanaA said of lightning, (TA,) and of sanuwa. (M.) ― -b2- [Used as a simple subst.,] High, or exalted, rank or condition. (S, * Msb, K, TA.) -A2- See also sanFA. High, or exalted, in rank or condition: (S, M:) as also ↓ sanaAyaA, applied to a man. (K, * TA.) dim. of sanapN, (S and Msb in art. snh,) accord. to those who make the latter word to be originally sanowapN: (Msb in that art.:) pl. sunay~aAtN. (K and TA in that art., and TA in the present art.) See 5, last sentence but one; and see also sanapN, in art. snh, in four places. (S, K) and biSinaAyatihi (S) He took it wholly. (S, K.) : see saniY~N. Watering: [and drawing water:] applied [as an epithet] to a man and to a camel: pl. sunaApN; which is applied by Lebeed to men [as meaning] drawing water by means of sawaAnK [pl. of saAniyapN, q. v.]. (TA.) [a subst. from saAnK, made so by the affix p,] A she-camel, (S, * M, K,) or a camel, (Mgh, Msb,) a he-camel as well as a she-camel, (TA,) upon which water is drawn (S, * M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) from a [deep] well (Mgh, Msb) [by a man riding or leading it away from the well, it having the two extremities of a long rope tied to the saddle, and the upper end of the wellrope being tied to the middle of the former rope, as expl. voce vinaAyapN]; i. q. naADiHapN: (S, TA:) [it seems also to signify, sometimes, a camel that carries water for irrigating seed-produce; a meaning likewise assigned to naADiHapN and naADiHN:] and a beast (dAb~p) that turns round about a well [raising water from it by means of the machine called duwlaAb]: (R, TA:) pl. sawaAnK. (S, Mgh, TA.) Hence the prov., sayoru Als~awaAniY safarN laA yanoqaTiEo [The course of the beasts that draw water in either of the ways described above is a journey that does not end]. (S, Mgh, TA.) ― -b2- Also the garob [or large bucket with which water is drawn] together with its gear, or apparatus. (M, Mgh, K.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) A cloud watering the earth. (Msb.) and masoniy~apN: see 1, second sentence. i. q. EarimN [q. v.]: (S, K:) [or rather] A dam; i. e. a thing constructed [or raised] to keep back the water of a torrent; (Mgh;) a [kind of] wall built in the face of water: (Msb in art. sn:) so called because there are in it sluices, or openings for the water, according to what may be required; from san~ayotu Al$~aYo'a, and AlA^amora, expl. above: so in the T: (TA:) pl. musan~ayaAtN. (MA.) , (M, TA,) or biy^orN masonawiy~apN, (Az, TA,) A well (Az, M, TA) of which the rope is long, (Az, TA,) from which one draws water only by means of the camel called saAniyap. (Az, M, * TA.) sh and suhN: see AisotN, in art. sth, in four places. shb The act of taking. (JK, K.) You say, sahaba Al$~aYo'a, aor. , inf. n. sahobN, He took the thing. (TK.) The departure of reason, or intellect: its verb [which was probably suh~iba, like A^usohiba, q. v.,] is obsolete. (TA.) He went far, or to a great or an extraordinary length, in a thing; for instance, in journeying; as in a trad., in which it is said of horses, or horsemen, A^asobahato $ahorFA They went far for a month; and in eating and drinking; as in another trad.: (TA:) it is from suhobN, signifying “ a plain and far-extending land; ” as though meaning He traversed a plain and far-extending tract of land; like as one says A^asohala and A^aHozana. (Har p. 572.) He (a horse) ran with wide steps, and preceded, or outstripped. (S, TA. [See also sahobN, below.]) And [hence,] He was, or became, loquacious, or profuse of speech; (IAar, S, K;) like Ashm; (K * and TA in art. shm;) [and] so Ashb fiY AlmanoTiqi : (JK:) or he doted; or was disordered in his intellect; but when a man makes many mistakes in his speech, you say of him A^afonada: (As, TA:) or he doted much, or often; or was much, or often, disordered in his intellect: (AO, TA:) [and it seems from an explanation of the part. n. musohibN that it probably signifies also he was eloquent, or profuse of correct speech:] or he was very greedy, and (in some copies of the K “ or ”) covetous, so as to refrain from nothing: (K, TA:) and you say also Ashb kalaAmahu He prolonged, or was prolix in, his speech: and fY kalaAmihi A_isohaAbN In his speech is prolixity. (A, TA.) Also He (a man) gave much, or largely; and so ↓ Asthb: (Lth, K:) [or, in this sense,] you say, Ashb fiY AlEaTaA='. (A.) ― -b2- AshbwA They reached sand, in digging [a well], and water came not forth: (S:) or they dug, and came upon sand or a current of air: (K:) or they dug, and came upon a current of air, and the water disappointed them of its coming: (Az, TA:) or they dug without attaining any good: (K:) or Ashb signifies he dug until he reached sand: and, accord. to Th, he dug a well and reached water. (TA.) ― -b3- AshbwA Ald~aAb~apa They left the beast alone, or by itself, (K, TA,) to pasture [where it would]. (TA.) -A2- Ashb Al$~aApa waladuhaA Her young one sucked, (K,) or licked, (TA,) the ewe, or she-goat. (K.) -A3- A^usohiba He (a man, S) lost his reason, (S, K, TA,) as some say, (TA,) from the bite of a serpent, (S, K, TA,) or the sting of a scorpion: (TA:) or his colour became altered in consequence of love or fright or disease: (K:) or, accord. to AHát, Ashb, [so in the TA, in which it seems to be implied that A^asohaba, not A^usohiba, is meant,] inf. n. A_isohaAbN, signifies he (a man bitten by a serpent, or stung by a scorpion,) lost his reason and lived. (TA. [See also the part. n., musohabN, below.]) A_isohaAbu All~ub~i [in which the former word is probably the inf. n. of A^usohiba, not of A^asohaba,] means The mind's being confounded, or perplexed, by [love of] a woman. (JK.) see 4, in the middle of the paragraph. A desert, or waterless desert; syn. falaApN: (S, K:) pl. suhubN. (TA.) [See also suhobN.] -A2- A horse wide of step in running, (S, K, TA,) and (TA) vehement therein, (JK, K, * TA,) slow to sweat; (JK, TA;) and ↓ musohabN and ↓ musohibN, (K,) but the latter of these is said to be peculiarly the chaste form in this sense, (TA,) signify the same. (K.) ― -b2- biy^orN sahobapN A deep well; (S, A, O, K;) as also ↓ biy^orN musohabapN: (S * O:) or the former, a deep well (JK, TA) from which sand comes forth (JK) or from which wind, or a current of air, comes forth: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, a well of which the coarse sand baffles one so that he cannot reach the water [in digging it]; (K;) or a well that people dig until they reach pouring earth, which baffles them by its pouring down, so that they leave it; (Sh, TA;) or a well of which the bottom and the water are not reached; (Ks, TA;) or a well that is dug until one reaches the water upon which is the earth. (Az, TA. [See 4.]) -A3- A portion of time; as in the saying, maDaY sahobN mina All~ayoli [A portion of the night passed]. (TA.) A plain and smooth, or plain and smooth and soft, tract of land: pl. suhuwbN: (K:) or the pl. signifies plain and far-extending tracts of land: (JK, A, TA:) or wide land [or lands (for the sing. is expl. in the TA in one place as signifying a wide land)]: (AA, TA:) or suhuwbu AlfalaApi signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (JK,) tracts, or regions, of the flAp [i. e. desert, or waterless desert,] in which there is no way. (JK, K.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in art. rql, conj. 4: and see also sahobN, above, first sentence.] , with fet-h to the h, [contr. to rule, being of the measure mufoEalN in the sense of the measure mufoEilN,] Going far, or to a great or an extraordinary length, in a thing: and prolonging. (TA.) ― -b2- See also sahobN: and its fem., with p, see in two places in the same paragraph. ― -b3- Also Long, or tall: (JK:) applied [in the latter sense] as an epithet to a man: and TawiylN musohabN excessively tall. (A.) ― -b4- Also, and ↓ musohibN, (K,) both said to have been mentioned by ISk, (TA,) or the former, but not ↓ the latter, (AZ, IAar, IKt, Zbd, S, TA,) though the former is extr. [with respect to rule], (S, TA,) Loquacious, or profuse of speech: (AZ, IAar, ISk, IKt, Zbd, S, K, TA:) or, accord. to Aboo-'Alee El-Baghdádee, as is stated by IB, the former signifies profuse and erroneous in speech: and the ↓ latter, eloquent, or profuse and correct in speech: and in like manner says El-Aalam, adding that ↓ the latter is shown to have this meaning by its being applied to a horse that is fleet, or swift, and excellent: (TA:) or the former signifies doting; or disordered in his intellect: (As, TA:) or doting much, or often; or much, or often, disordered in his intellect: (AO, TA:) [and similar explanations of it will be found below:] other instances of verbs of the measure A^afoEala having mufoEalN as the measure of the part. n. used in the sense of the measure mufoEilN are A^alofaja and A^aHoSana and A^ajora$ati AlA_ibilu and A^ahotara: as used in the first of the senses expl. in this sentence, musohabN is from suhobN signifying “ a wide land: ” or, as some say, it is from A^asohabuwA Ald~aAb~apa, expl. above; as though the person to whom it is applied were left to speak what he would, or made to have ample scope to say what he would. (TA.) ― -b5- Both musohabN and ↓ musohibN signify also Very greedy, and covetous, so as to refrain from nothing. (TA.) ― -b6- And the former, One who has lost his reason; as some say, from the bite of a serpent, or the sting of a scorpion: or one who talks irrationally, or foolishly, or deliriously, in consequence of doting, or disorder of his intellect: or whose colour has become altered in consequence of love or fright or disease. (TA.) And musohabu Aljisomi A man whose body is wasting away in consequence of love: so says Yaakoob: and Lh mentions the phrases AlEaqoli ↓ musohibu, with kesr, and Aljisomi, and musohim, which is formed by substitution [of m for b], as meaning a man whose reason is departing, and whose body is wasting away, in consequence of love: and accord, to AHát, mshb, [app. ↓ musohibN, as the context seems to imply,] applied to one bitten by a serpent or stung by a scorpion, signifies who has lost his reason, and lives. (TA.) ― -b7- Also Land farextending, and plain, with depression, consisting of low tracts, the depression whereof is little, extending for the space of a day and a night [of journeying], and thereabout: the buTuwn [or low tracts] of land of which it consists are in [deserts such as are termed] SaHaAraY, and in elevated and plain, or hard and elevated, tracts of ground, and sometimes they flow [with torrents], and sometimes they do not flow, for they comprise parts that are rugged, and parts that are plain, or soft, producing much herbage, and in them are places wherein are trees [or shrubs], and places wherein are none. (L, TA.) ― -b8- Also A place that does not obstruct nor retain water. (TA.) : see sahobN, second signification: ― -b2- and see musohabN, in seven places. ― -b3- Also A man who overcomes, or surpasses, and is bountiful, in his gifts. (TA.) shj , (S, A, K,) aor. , (JK,) inf. n. sahojN, (TA,) The wind blew violently: (S, A, K, TA: [like sahakat:]) or continually and violently. (TA.) ― -b2- sahajati AlA_ibilu The camels journeyed, or went, quickly, or hastily. (JK.) ― -b3- sahaja Alqawomu layolatahumo, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) The people, or party, passed their night journeying (S, K) continually. (TA.) -A2- sahajati Alr~iyHu AlA^aroDa [like saHajat] The wind pared the ground: (S, K:) or pared its surface. (TA.) ― -b2- And sahaja AlT~iyba, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He bruised, brayed, or pounded, or he pounded small, powdered, or pulverized, the perfume: (S, K:) or sahojN signifies any bruising, braying, or pounding. (TA.) and sahowajN (O, K) and ↓ sayohajN (S, O, K) and ↓ sayohuwjN, (S, A, O, K,) in the last two of which the j is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for k, (Az, TA,) and ↓ sayohajapN, (TA,) A violent wind. (S, A, O, K.) And you say also riyaAHN suh~ajN (JK, S, O) and saAhijaAtN (JK) [both pls. of ↓ riyHN saAhijapN, and signifying, accord. to the context in the JK and O, Violent winds: or, accord. to the context in the S, winds that pare the ground: the sing. like riyHN sahuwkN and saAhikapN &c.]. ; pl. riyaAHN suh~ajN and saAhijaAtN: see the next preceding paragraph. ― -b2- gubaArN saAhijN Dust rising high. (JK.) , and with p: see sahuwjN. : see sahuwjN. [like A^asaAhiyku and A^asaAhiY~u] Various sorts (JK, O, K) of running, (JK,) or of going, or pace, (O, K,) or, as in one copy of the K, of the going, or pace, of camels. (TA.) ― -b2- And Varieties of false, or vain, things or sayings or deeds. (JK, TA.) [like masohakN] A place where the wind passes along [or blows violently]. (AA, S, O, K.) AA cites, as an ex., the saying, A_i*aA habaTona musotaHaArF masohajaA [When they descend into, or enter, a place of confusion, or perplexity, where one is unable to see his right course, a place where the wind blows, or blows violently]. (S, O.) One who runs on, in speech, like the wind: (JK:) eloquent; or fluent in speech: (O, K, TA:) applied to an orator; (JK, T, TA;) as also misohakN. (T, TA.) ― -b2- And One who speaks on every true and false subject. (O, K.) shd , aor. , (S, L, K,) inf. n. suhaAdN (S, * A, * L) and suhodN (A, * L, K *) and sahadN, (S, L,) [all these are mentioned as inf. ns. in the L and TA, and app. in the K, but the first seems to be mentioned in the S as a simple subst.,] He was sleepless: syn. A^ariqa; (S, A, * L, K;) he did not sleep (lamo yanamo); contr. of raqada. (L.) [See also suhaAdN below.] , (S, A, L, K,) inf. n. tasohiydN; (PS;) and ↓ Ashdhu; (A, TA;) He, (a man, S, L, K,) and it, (anxiety, or grief, A, L, and pain, L,) rendered him sleepless. (S, A, L, K.) And fulaAnN yasoh~adu Such a one is not suffered to sleep. (L.) see 2. -A2- Ashdt biAlwaladi She [a woman] brought forth the child with a single moan, or hard breathing; (IAar, K;) [or with a single impulse;] like zakabato bihi, &c. (IAar, L in art. xfd.) is said by Freytag, as on the authority of the K, in which I do not find it, to signify He was sleepless; like sahida: if used, it more probably signifies he was rendered sleepless; as quasi-pass. of sah~adahu.] A good, or beautiful, thing: (L, K:) mhd is here an imitative sequent to shd. (L.) : see suhaAdN, in two places. One who sleeps little; (S, A, L, K;) as also ↓ musah~adN: (A:) and some say suhadu, like Eumaru; but this is [of a measure used] only in proper names: (Ham p. 39:) and an eye (EayonN) that sleeps little. (L.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) Vigilant; cautious; applied to a man; as also ↓ musah~adN. (A, TA.) ― -b3- And Little sleep. (L.) (tropical:) Vigilance: so in the saying, huwa *uw sahodap (tropical:) [He is possessed of vigilance] (A, K) fiY A^amorihi [in his affair]. (A.) ― -b2- You say also, maA raA^ayotu minohu sahodapF, meaning (tropical:) I experienced not, or I have not experienced, from him any mindfulness of what is good, nor any desire for it: (A, TA:) or anything upon which to place reliance, of words or of good actions, (S, L, K,) or of good actions or satisfactory words. (L.) (S, A, L) and ↓ suhodN (A, L, K) Sleeplessness. (S, A, L, K. [Both mentioned in the L and TA as inf. ns. of 1.]) One says fiY Eayonihi ↓ sahodN and suhaAdN In his eye is sleeplessness. (A.) , applied to a boy, or young man, Tender, or flourishing, and fresh: (Sh, K:) or tall and strong. (K.) [More, and most, sleepless.] ― -b2- [Hence,] huwa A^asohadu raA^oyFA minoka (tropical:) He is more cautious and vigilant in judgment, or opinion, than thou. (A, K, * TA.) Rendered sleepless. (S, L, K.) ― -b2- See also suhudN, in two places. shr , aor. , inf. n. saharN, He waked, was sleepless or wakeful, or did not sleep, by night; (S, K;) he abstained from sleep by night; (Lth;) he remained awake all the night or a part thereof: you say sahira All~ayola, or baEoDa All~ayoli, He remained awake during the night, or a part of the night: (Msb:) [he passed the night, or a part of the night, sleepless, or without sleeping:] and sahirotu AlbaAriHapa I remained awake last night. (A.) ― -b2- maAlahu sahira waEahira What aileth him? May he be sleepless by night, and may he grieve, or mourn, is an imprecation of the Arabs. (AZ, TA in this art. and art. Ebr.) ― -b3- sahira Albaroqu (tropical:) The lightning gleamed, or glistened, during the night. (A.) signifies The being sleepless, or awake, with another: (KL, and Har p. 329:) [and the vying with another in remaining sleepless or awake:] and [like A_isohaArN, but I think this doubtful,] the making [one] sleepless or awake. (KL.) sAhr Aln~ujuwma means He passed the night sleepless like as do the stars. (Har ubi suprà.) He, (S, Msb,) or it, (A,) as anxiety, or trouble of mind, and pain, (TA,) caused him to wake, to be sleepless, or wakeful, or to remain awake. (S, A, Msb, TA.) : see saAhuwrN. : see saAhirN. : see saAhirN. A state of waking; sleeplessness, or wakefulness; (K;) i. q. suhaAdN; (T;) as also ↓ saAhuwrN. (K.) : see saAhirN, in two places. and ↓ sahoraAnN (S, Msb, K) and ↓ sah~aArN (K) and ↓ suharapN, (S, K,) the last of which is an intensive epithet, (S,) [and so is the third, and sometimes the second,] Waking, sitting up, sleepless, wakeful, or not sleeping, by night; (S, K;) [abstaining from sleep by night;] remaining awake all the night or a part thereof: (Msb:) and the last, [and third, and sometimes the second,] wakeful, or waking much, &c. (S.) You say, AlEayoni ↓ rajulN sah~aAru A man whom sleep does not overcome. (Lh.) ― -b2- baroqN saAhirN (tropical:) Lightning gleaming, or glistening, during the night. (A.) ― -b3- layolN saAhri (tropical:) A night of waking or sleeplessness or wakefulness: (K:) like as one says layolN naAy^imN. (TA.) ― -b4- saAhirapu AlEiroqi (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that yields milk long and abundantly. (TA.) ― -b5- EayonN saAhirapN (tropical:) A running spring or fountain: (K:) a spring or fountain that runs night and day, unremittingly. (A, * TA.) It is said in a trad., xayoru AlmaAli EayonN saAhirapN liEayonK naAy^imapK (tropical:) The best of property is a spring of water that runs night and day while its owner is sleeping; (TA;) its owner having his mind unoccupied by it. (A.) ― -b6- A^aroDN saAhirapN (tropical:) Land that produces plants quickly: as though it passed the night doing so. (A.) ― -b7- Also saAhirapN [alone], (tropical:) A wide, or an extensive, tract of land, the traverser of which remains awake during the night: (A:) or the earth, or land: (K:) or the surface of the earth: (Fr, Lth, S, K:) because it produces plants or herbage alike by night and day: (Ibn-Es-Seed:) so in the Kur lxxix. 14: (S:) or (TA, but in the K “ and ”) a desert, syn. falaApN, (K,) the traverser of which remains awake during the night: (TA:) or (TA, but in the K “ and ”) an untrodden land: (K:) or (TA) a land which God will create anew on the day of resurrection: (K:) or a land on which none has disobeyed God: (Ibn-Es Seed:) or (TA) Hell: (Katádeh, K:) or (TA) [in the Kur ubi suprà] a certain mountain of Jerusalem: (Wahb Ibn-Munebbih, K:) or (TA) the land of Syria. (Mukátil, K.) fem. of saAhirN [q. v.]. ― -b2- See also saAhuwrN. A certain perfume: [so called] because one is caused to be sleepless in preparing it, and making it good. (Sgh, K.) : see sahaArN. -A2- Also The sheath of the moon, (S, K,) which it enters when it is eclipsed, (TA,) accord. to the assertion of the Arabs; (S, TA;) as also ↓ saAhirapN. (K.) One says, of the moon, when it is eclipsed, daxala fiY saAhuwrihi It has entered into its sheath. (Kt.) [Or] The shade, or shadow, of the saAhirap, i. e., of the surface of the earth. (S, K.) ― -b2- The moon (K, TA) itself; as also ↓ saharN; of Syriac origin, accord to IDrd. (TA.) ― -b3- The halo (daArap) of the moon: (K:) a Syriac word. (TA.) ― -b4- And Als~aAhuwru, The last nine nights of the lunar month: (K:) or so layaAliY Als~aAhuwri: because the moon is absent in its first part. (ISk.) ― -b5- Also saAhuwrN, The source of a spring of water. (K, * TA.) ― -b6- And Multitude; abundance. (K.) (tropical:) Two ducts (EiroqaAni) in the two nostrils, (S, K, *) in the inside, (TA,) which, when an ass is excited by lust, flow with water, (S, TA,) or with blood: (TA:) so in the verse of Esh-Shemmákh, tuwaAy^ilu mino miSak~K A^anoSabatohu HawaAlibu A^asoharayohi biAl*~aniyni [She seeks to escape from a strong (he-ass) whom the ducts of his two nostrils flowing with mucus have fatigued]: (S:) or the nose and the penis: (Sh, K:) or (TA, but in the K “ and ”) two ducts in the flesh and sinew next the back-bone, through which runs the seminal fluid into the penis: (K:) or (TA) two ducts rising from the two testicles, and meeting together in the interior of the penis, (K,) or of the fayo$alap [or glans of the penis]; which are the ducts of the seminal fluid: (TA:) or the two veins or ducts of the penis which become prominent when it is in a state of erection: (TA:) and two veins or ducts in the eye: (K:) but As disallows Ashryh, and says that the true reading, in the verse of Esh-Shemmákh, is A^asoharatohu, meaning, [that] have not suffered him to sleep. (TA.) [See also HaAlibN.] shk , aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. sahakN, (Msb,) He (a man, Msb) had a disagreeable smell proceeding from sweat. (Msb, K.) [And app. It (a thing) had a foul smell from fish, and from the rust of iron, &c.: see sahakN below.] -A2- sahakati Alr~iyHu The wind blew vehemently. (S, O. [And so sahajat.]) ― -b2- And sahakati Ald~aAb~apN, (S, O, K,) inf. n. suhuwkN, (O, K,) The beast ran lightly, or with agility: (S, O, K:) or frisked away to the right and left. (O.) -A3- sahakahu, (S, O, K,) aor. , inf. n. sahokN, (S, O,) i. q. saHaqahu [He bruised, brayed, or pounded, it; &c.]; (K;) a dial. var. of the latter: (S, O:) or it is like the latter, except that sahokN appears to be coarser than saHoqN; for you say of the perfumer, sahaka AlEaT~aAru AlT~iyba EalaY AlS~alaA='api walam~aA yasoHaqohu [The perfumer bruised, brayed, pounded, or crushed, coarsely, the perfume, upon the stone used for that purpose, and did not as yet powder it, or pulverize it]. (IDrd, O.) ― -b2- And sahakati Alr~iyHu AlA^aroDa, (O,) or Alt~uraAba Eani AlA^aroDi, (K,) or AltrAb Eano wajohi AlA^aroDi, (TA,) The wind made the dust to fly [from the ground, or from the surface of the earth]. (O, K, TA.) [And sahajati Alr~iyHu AlA^aroDa, q. v., has a similar meaning.] (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ sahokapN (Fr, O, K) and ↓ suhakapN (O, K) A disagreeable smell which one perceives from a human being when he sweats; (Msb, * K;) and the smell of fish; (S, O, K;) and of the rust of iron; (S, Msb;) or they signify also the rust of iron; (O, K;) and the foulness of the smell of stinking flesh-meat: (K:) and Har uses ↓ suhuwkapN in the first of these senses for the purpose of assimilation to suhuwmapN, agreeably with a practice often observed. (Har p. 449.) ― -b2- The first is also inf. n. of sahika [q. v.]. (Msb.) Having a disagreeable smell proceeding from sweat. (K.) You say, A_in~ahu lasahiku Alr~iyHi Verily he is one who has a disagreeable smell, &c. (Moheet, L.) And yadiY mina Als~amaki wamino SadaA^i AlHadiydi sahikapN [My hand is disagreeable in smell from fish and from the rust of iron]; like as you say waDirapN when it is from milk and butter, and gamirapN when it is from flesh-meat. (S.) and suhakapN: see sahakN. and ↓ saAhikapN (K) and ↓ sayohakN and ↓ sayohuwkN (S, K) [like sahuwjN and saAhijapN &c.] A vehement, or violent, wind, (S, K, TA,) paring [the ground]; (TA;) as also ↓ masohakapN: (O, K:) [pl. of ↓ the second sawaAhiku:] El-Kumeyt says, ramaAdFA A^aTaAratohu Als~awaAhiku rimodidaA [Ashes which the violent winds made to fly away reduced to the most minute particles]. (S.) ― -b2- Als~ahuwku The eagle. (K.) : see sahakN. : see misohakN. Ophthalmia; syn. ramadN. (K.) So in the phrase, biEayonihi saAhikN [In his eye is ophthalmia]. (TA.) ― -b2- riyHN saAhikapN: see sahuwkN, in two places. : see sahuwkN. : see sahuwkN. [like A^asoAhiyju] Various sorts of running (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) of beasts; and their frisking away (K, TA) to the right and left. (TA.) [like masohajN] A place where the wind passes along [or blows violently]; as also ↓ masohakapN. (S, K.) A horse swift in running; (S;) that runs much; (K;) that runs like the wind. (TA.) ― -b2- And [like misohajN, q. v.,] Eloquent, or fluent, in speech; running therein like the wind; (O, K;) as also ↓ sah~aAkN. (Kr, K.) : see sahuwkN: ― -b2- and see also masohakN. shl , said of a place, (S,) or of a thing, and, accord. to IKtt, they said also sahala and sahila, (Msb,) and sahulato, said of land, (A^aroDN,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. suhuwlapN, (S, Msb, K, KL,) It was, or became, smooth or soft, plain or level, or smooth and soft; (S, Msb, K, KL, TA;) i. e. contr. of Hazuna and Hazunato, (S, * K, * TA,) inf. n. HuzuwnapN. (TA.) ― -b2- And sahula, (MA, Msb, K,) inf. n. suhuwlapN, (MA, KL,) or sahaAlapN, (K,) [but the former is the more common,] It (a thing, Msb) was, or became, easy. (MA, Msb, * K, * KL.) ― -b3- One says kalaAmN fiyhi suhuwlapN (tropical:) [Language, or speech, in which is smoothness, or easiness]. (TA.) , (Msb, K,) inf. n. tasohiylN, (S, K,) i. q. Say~arahu saholFA [which may mean He rendered it smooth or soft, plain or level, or smooth and soft; namely, a place &c.: or what next follows]. (TA.) ― -b2- He made it easy; he facilitated it; (S, K;) namely, a thing; said of God (Msb) [and of a man]. ― -b3- One says, sah~ala sabiyla AlmaA='i [He smoothed, made easy, or prepared, the way, course, passage, or channel, of the water], (S and K in art. AtY,) in order that it might pass forth to a place. (S in that art.) And sh~l masiylFA limaA='K [He smoothed, made easy, or prepared, a channel for water]. (M in that art.) ― -b4- And sh~l A@ll~`hu Ealayoka AlA^amora, and laka, a form of prayer, meaning May God [make easy, or facilitate, to thee the affair; or] take upon Himself, for thee, the burden of the affair; and lighten [it] to thee. (TA.) [And in like manner sh~l A@ll~`hu Ealayoka is often said with AlA^amora or A^amoraka understood.] ― -b5- [And A^ah~ala bihi wasah~ala, or A^ah~alahu wasah~alahu, inf. ns. taA^ohiylN and tasohiylN, He said to him ↓ A^aholFA wasaholFA, meaning (as expl. in the Msb in art. Ahl) A^atayota qawomFA A^aholFA wamawoDiEFA saholFA, i. e. Thou hast come to a people who are like kinsfolk, and to a place that is smooth, plain, or not rugged: see A^ah~ala and A^aholN: and see also Ham p. 184.] , (MA, K,) inf. n. musaAhalapN, (TA,) He was easy, or facile, with him; (MA, K *) or gentle with him; syn. yaAsarahu: (K:) and ↓ tsAhl Ealayohi [has a similar meaning, i. e. he acted, or affected to act, in an easy, or a facile, manner towards him; or gently]. (S and K in art. gmD: see 4 in that art.) [See also the paragraph here following.] They descended to the sahol [i. e. smooth or soft, or plain or level, or smooth and soft, tract]: (JK, Msb:) or they betook themselves to the sahol: (S:) or they became in the sahol: (K:) and they alighted and abode in the sahol, after they had been alighting and abiding in the Hazon [i. e. rugged, or rugged and hard, or rugged and high, ground]. (TA.) Hence, in a trad. respecting the throwing of the pebbles [at Minè], yusohilu occurs as meaning He betakes himself to the interior of the valley. (TA.) ― -b2- Also They used smoothness, or easiness, (suhuwlap,) with men: opposed to A^aHozanuwA. (TA.) [See also 3.] -A2- Ashl is also trans., signifying He found [a thing, a place, &c.,] to be smooth or soft, plain or level, or smooth and soft. (Ham p. 675.) ― -b2- Ashl AlT~abiyEapa (S) or AlbaTona, (Msb, K,) said of medicine, (S, Msb, K,) It relaxed, or loosened, the bowels; syn. A^alaAna, (K,) or A^aTolaqa. (Msb.) And A^usohila Alr~ajulu [The man was relaxed in his bowels]: and A^usohila baTonuhu [His bowels were relaxed]. (K.) [Hence the inf. n. A_isohaAlN signifies A diarrhœa. And Ashl, likewise said of medicine, signifies also It attenuated a humour of the body.] ― -b3- Ashlt bihi She brought it forth (i. e. her fœtus, or offspring,) prematurely; i. q. A^amolaSato bihi [q. v.] &c. (Abu-l-'Abbás [i. e. Th], TA in art. mlS.) [It was, or became, rendered easy, or facilitated;] quasi-pass. of 2: (Msb:) or [like sahula] it was, or became, easy. (KL.) You say, tsh~l lahu AlA^amoru [The affair was, or became, rendered easy to him]. (Msb in art. AtY.) And tsh~lt Tariyqu AlA^amori [The way of accomplishing the affair was, or became, rendered easy]. (TA in that art.) ― -b2- And tsh~l fiY A^umuwrihi, said of a man, (K in art snY,) He found, or experienced, ease, or facility, in his affairs. (TK in that art.) is syn. with tasaAmuHN. (S, K.) You say tsAhlwA meaning They acted in an easy, or a facile, manner, one with another; (MA, TA in art. ysr;) or gently; syn. tayaAsaruwA. (TA in that art.) ― -b2- See also 3. ― -b3- [In the present day it is used as meaning The being negligent, or careless, fiY A^amorK in an affair.] ― -b4- [As a conventional term in lexicology, or in relation to language, it means A careless mode of expression occasioning] a deficiency in the language of a [writer or] speaker without reliance upon the understanding of [the reader or] the person addressed: (KT: [in one of my copies of that work, this explanation is omitted in the text, but written in the margin; and it is there added that it is what commonly obtains:]) or it means [sometimes such a mode of expression] that a phrase is not correct if held to be used according to the proper meaning, but is correct if held to be used according to a tropical meaning: or the mention of the whole when meaning a part. (Marginal notes in the copy of the KT above mentioned.) [See also tasaAmuHN, for which it is often used.] , of the measure AifotaEala from Als~aholu, occurs in a trad., where it is said, mano ka*aba EalaY~a faqadi A@sotahala makaAnahu fiY jahan~ama, meaning [He who lies against me] takes for himself easily his place of abode in Hell. (TA.) He reckoned it sahol, (S, K,) i. e. easy, or facile. (TK.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce A^awo, p. 123.] Smooth or soft, plain or level, or smooth and soft: (Msb:) or anything inclining to smoothness or softness, plainness or levelness, or smoothness and softness; (JK, M, K;) inclining to have little roughness, or ruggedness and hardness; (JK, M, TA;) and ↓ sahilN signifies the same. (K.) You say A^aroDN saholapN, [meaning the same as saholN used as a subst., expl. in what follows,] (S, Msb,) contr. of HazonapN. (TA.) See also 2, last sentence. ― -b2- Also Easy, or facile; (MA, Mgh, KL;) contr. of SaEobN. (Mgh.) You say rajulN saholu Alxuluqi [A man easy of disposition]: (S, Msb, * TA:) [and] saholu AlmaqaAdapi [easy to be led]. (TA.) And kalaAmN saholu AlmaA^oxa*i (tropical:) [Language easy in respect of the source of derivation]. (TA.) rajulN saholu Alwajohi, (K, TA,) a phrase mentioned, but not explained, by Lh, (TA,) means A man having little flesh in the face, (K, TA,) in the opinion of ISd: and [it is said that] saholu Alxad~ayoni, in a description of the approved characteristics of the Prophet, means having expanded cheeks, not elevated in the balls thereof. (TA.) -A2- [As a subst.,] A smooth or soft, plain or level, or smooth and soft, tract of land; [generally meaning a soft tract, or a plain;] (IF, S, MA, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) i. e. contr. of jabalN, (S, Msb,) or of HazonN: (IF, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) it is one of the nouns that are used as adv. ns. [of place]: (TA:) [for ex. you say, nazaluwA saholFA, (a phrase occurring in the TA,) meaning They alighted and abode in a shl:] pl. suhuwlN (MA, Msb, K) and suhuwlapN [of which latter an ex. occurs in a verse cited voce raA^osN.] (MA.) -A3- Also The crow; i. e. raven, carrion-crow, rook, &c.; syn. guraAbN. (K.) : see saholN, first sentence. ― -b2- nahorN sahilN, (S, K,) and A^aroDN sahilapN, (K,) [A river, and a land,] having, (S,) or abounding with, (K,) what is termed siholapN [q. v.]. (S, K.) Sea-sand: (IAar, TA:) or sand such as is not fine: (S:) or coarse sand, such as is not fine and soft: (IAth, TA:) or a sort of earth like sand, (JK, K,) brought by water: (K:) or sand of a conduit in which water runs: (S in art. rD:) siholapu Alz~ujaAji is sea-sand that is made an ingredient in the substance of glass: (Mgh:) Az says that he had not heard the word siholap except on the authority of Lth. (TA.) [And Coarse sand that comes forth from the bladder; (Golius on the authority of Meyd;) what we commonly term gravel.] , with damm, [Of, or relating to, and growing in, and pasturing in, the kind of tract termed sahol;] a rel. n. from saholN, (S, Msb, K,) or from A^aroDN saholapN, (Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, TA,) irregularly formed. (S, Msb.) You say nabotN suholiY~N [A plant growing in the sahol]. (The Lexicons passim.) And baEiyrN suhilY~N A camel that pastures in the sahol. (K.) Laxative to the bowels; syn. ma$uw~N; (O, K; in the CK [erroneously] mu$uw~;) as also ↓ musohilN; applied to a medicine. (Msb, TA.) A certain star [well known; namely, Canopus]; (T, S, K;) not seen in Khurásán, but seen in El-'Irák; (T, TA;) as Ibn-Kunáseh says, seen in El-Hijáz and in all the land of the Arabs, but not seen in the land of Armenia; and between the sight thereof by the people of ElHijáz and the sight thereof by the people of El- 'Irák are twenty days: (TA:) it is said that shyl was a tyrannical collector of the tithes on the road to El-Yemen, and God transformed him into a star: (Lth, TA:) [it rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the ear of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. S.: the place where it rises, in that latitude, is S. 29 degrees E.; and the place where it sets, in the same latitude, S. 29 degrees W.: (see 10 in art. Hb: and see januwbN:)] at the time of its [auroral] rising, the fruits ripen, and the qayoZ [q. v., here meaning the greatest heat,] ends. (K.) [baAla suhayolN, which is a prov., and the saying of a poet, baAla suhayolN fiY AlfaDiyxi fafasado have been expl. in art. bwl.] 'Omar Ibn-'AbdAllah Ibn-Abee-Rabeea says respecting Suheyl Ibn-'Abd-Er-Rahmán Ibn-'Owf, and his taking in marriage Eth-Thureiyà El-'Ableeyeh of the Benoo-Umeiyeh, deeming their coming together to be a strange thing by likening them to the stars named Eth-Thureiyà and Suheyl, A^ay~uhaA AlmunokiHu Alv~uray~aA suhayolFA Eamoraka A@ll~`ha kayofa yalotaqiyaAni hiYa $aAmiy~apN A_i*aA maA A@sotaqal~ato wasuhayolN A_i*aA A@sotaqal~a yamaAniY [O thou marrier of Eth-Thureiyà to Suheyl, by thine acknowledgment of the everlasting existence of God, (or, as it sometimes means, I ask God to prolong thy life,) tell me, how can they meet together? She is of the northern region when she rises, and Suheyl, when he rises, is of the southern region]. (Har p. 276. [But I have substituted A@ll~`ha for All~`hu, and yamaAniY for yamaAnK. See also the notice of the poet above named in the work of Ibn-Khillikán: (I have the express authority of the TA for thus writing this name:) and De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 139.]) [Freytag states that qadamaA suhayolK is the name of Two stars which are behind Canopus; on the authority of Meyd: and also mentions the name of shyl Al$Am, and shyl Alfrd, as given to Certain stars in the constellation Anguis; adding that Canopus is distinguished from shyl Al$Am by the name of shyl Alymn.] The name of A^uxotaAsuhayolK [The two sisters of Canopus] is applied to Al$~iEoraY AlEabuwru [or Sirius] and Al$~iEoraY AlgumayoSaA='u [or Procyon], together. (S and K in art. $Er.) [See also HaDaAri and Alwazonu.] is a prov., (O, K,) said to mean [More lying than] the wind: (O:) or shylp was a certain liar. (K.) Relaxed, or loosened, by medicine; applied to the belly: no credit is to be given to people's saying masohuwlN, unless an express authority be found for it. (Msb.) : see sahuwlN. [Also an attenuant medicine.] shm , aor. , inf. n. sahomN: see 3. -A2- sahama, (S, MA, K,) aor. ; (K;) and sahuma, aor. ; inf. n. suhuwmN, (S, MA, K,) of both verbs, (S, TA,) and of the latter suhuwmapN also, agreeably with analogy; (Har p. 449;) He, (a man, TA,) or it, (one's face, S, MA, and Har ubi suprà,) was, or became, altered in colour, (MA,) or he was, or became, lean or lank, in the belly, and altered [in colour]; (S, K, and Har ubi suprà;) [or, accord. to an explanation of suhuwmN in the Ham p. 360, he, or it, was, or became, altered in colour, and emaciated, and dried up;] and suhima, also, aor. yusohamu, inf. n. suhuwmN, has the first of these meanings: (MA:) [see also suhuwmN below:] or suhima signifies he (a man) was, or became, lean, or lank, in the belly: (TA:) or he (a man, S) was, or became, smitten, or affected, by the heat of the [wind called] samuwm, (S, K, [see sahaAmN,]) or by the burning, or vehement heat, of summer. (K, TA.) The making a garment to be marked with stripes or lines [like sihaAm, i. e. arrows: see the pass. part. n. below]. (KL. [And the same meaning is indicated in the TA.]) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, describing a dwelling, [or rather the traces thereof,] kaA^an~ahaA baEoda A^aHowalK maDayona lahaA biAlA^a$oyamayoni yamaAnK fiyhi tasohiymu [As though it were, after years had passed with respect to it, in El-Ashyamán, a garment of El-Yemen in which was a marking with stripes or lines: the epithet yamaAnK being often applied to a garment of this kind, and vawobN being here understood]: (TA:) AlA^a$oyamaAni, or, as some call them, AlA^a$oA^amaAni, are two places, or two mountains, mentioned by Dhu-r-Rummeh in several places in his poetry. (TA in art. $ym.) , (S, MA, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. musaAhamapN, (Msb,) He shot arrows [sihaAm] with him [in competition]. (MA.) ― -b2- [And hence,] He cast, or drew, lots [or more properly arrows for sortilege, as expl. in the PS,] with him; practised sortilege [or sortilege with arrows] with him; or competed with him in doing so. (S, MA, Mgh, Msb.) You say, ↓ saAhamotuhu fasahamotuhu; (S;) or saAhamahumo fasahamahumo; (TA;) aor. of the latter verb , (S,) and inf. n. sahomN; (TA;) I competed with him in casting, or drawing, lots [or arrows for sortilege] or in practising sortilege [or sortilege with arrows] with him, and overcame him therein; or He did so with them, and overcame them therein. (S, * TA.) Hence, fasaAhama in the Kur xxxvii. 141, (TA,) where [the objective complement] A^ahola Als~afiynapi is understood. (Jel.) ― -b3- [And hence, He shared with him, fiY ka*aA in such a thing. See an ex. voce mu$id~N, and another voce naAwaba. ― -b4- And app. He contended with him for a thing: see 6.] i. q. A^aqoraEa [i. e. He ordered, or commanded, them to cast, or draw, lots, or to practise sortilege, or sortilege with arrows, among themselves, for a thing; or he prepared, or disposed, them for doing so; or he cast, or drew, lots, or practised sortilege, or sortilege with arrows, among them: see A^aqoraEa]. (S.) ― -b2- And A^asohamotu lahu I gave him a lot, share, or portion. (Msb.) -A2- And A^asohama is syn. with A^asohaba, (K, TA,) meaning He was, or became, loquacious, or profuse of speech: its m is said by Yaakoob to be a substitute for b. (TA.) [See also musohamN, below.] : see 8. ― -b2- [Hence, They shared together.] El-Hakam El-Khudree says, vawobaAhaA fafiY Ald~iroEi raAdapN tasaAhama wafaY AlmiroTi laf~aAwaAni ridofuhumaA Eabolu i. e. Her two garments shared together; for in the shift was a soft, or tender, body, with a slender waist, and within the waist-wrapper were too thick thighs whereof the part above them, behind, was large. (Ham p. 579.) ― -b3- Also They contended [for a thing], one with another. (JM.) (S, Msb) and ↓ tsAhmwA (S) They cast, or drew, lots, or practised sortilege, [or sortilege with arrows,] one with another; syn. AqtrEwA (S, Msb) and tqArEwA, (S,) both of which signify the same. (S &c. in art. qrE.) An arrow; i. e. one of what are called nabol, (Msb, K, TA,) having the iron head [and the feathers] affixed: (TA:) the sahom before it has its feathers and its iron head affixed to it is [generally] called qidoHN: (S and K in art. qdH:) accord. to some it signifies the iron head itself; i. q. naSolN; (Msb;) ISh says that this is its meaning; and he says, if one pick up a nSl, you say “ What is this sahom with thee? ” but if one pick up a qidoH, you do not say thus; and the naSol is the broad and long sahom, and may be nearly of the length of the space between the extremity of the thumb and that of the fore finger when they are stretched out; and the mi$oqaS is of half the size of the naSol: (TA:) [but this meaning of sahomN seems to be very rare, and little known:] the pl. [of mult.] is sihaAmN (S, TA) and [of pauc.] A^asohumN. (TA.) [Hence,] sahomu Alr~aAmiY (assumed tropical:) [The arrow of the archer], (K,) or [simply] Als~ahomu [the arrow], (Kzw,) a certain constellation, (K, * Kzw,) [namely Sagitta,] one of the northern constellations, composed of five stars, between the bill [meaning the star β] of Ald~ajaAjapu [which is Cygnus] and Aln~asoru AlT~aAy^ru [which consists of the stars α and β and γ of Aquila], in the Great Milky Way, having its head towards the east and its notch towards the west; and its length, as it appears to the eye, when it is in the middle of the sky, is about two cubits (naHowu *iraAEayoni: see *iraAEN). (Kzw.) ― -b2- Also The qidoH [or featherless and headless arrow] with which one casts, or draws, lots, (IAth, Mgh, TA,) in the game called Almayosir; (IAth, Mgh, TA;) and the qidoH with which one plays at a game of hazard [of any kind; i. e. an arrow for sortilege, and a gaming-arrow]; the primary meaning of the word being the missile sahom; (Mgh;) or the primary meaning is the qidoH with which one casts, or draws, lost in the game called Almayosir: (IAth, TA:) pl. sihaAmN (K) [and A^asohumN, as above]. See a verse cited voce raqiybN. ― -b3- Then applied to The thing won by him whose arrow is successful [in the game above mentioned]. (IAth, TA.) ― -b4- And then (IAth, TA) applied also to A lot, share, or portion, (S, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) whatever it be; (IAth, TA;) as also ↓ suhomapN: (S, Msb, K:) pl. of the former suhomaAnN (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and sihaAmN [both pls. of mult.] and A^asohumN [pl. of pauc.] (Mgh, Msb, TA) and [quasi-pl. n.] ↓ suhomapN, (M, K, TA,) this last like A^uxowapN. (TA.) It is said in a trad., kaAna lahu sahomN mina Alganiymapi $ahida A^awo gaAba [There was, or is, for him a share of the spoil whether he were, or be, present or absent]. (TA.) And one says, fulaAnK mino h`*aA ka*aA ↓ suhomapu The share of such a one, of this, is such a thing: and it may be from Als~ihaAmu meaning the arrows (qidaAH) that are shuffled among the persons competing in sortilege, in order that each one may appropriate to himself what comes forth for him as his share. (Ham p. 579.) ― -b5- sahomu Als~afiynapi [The mast of the ship: so called as being likened to an arrow, because the curved yard of the sail, resembling a bow, is suspended from the top]: (S, and K in art. dql:) [in like manner] called in Pers. tiyri ki$otiY. (PS in that art.) ― -b6- sahomu Albayoti The beam (jaAy^iz) of the house or chamber; (S, K;) [similarly] called in Pers. tiyr. (S voce jaAy^izN, q. v.) ― -b7- sahomN also signifies The measure of six cubits [as used] in men's sales and purchases in their measurings of land. (K.) ― -b8- And A stone which is placed upon the entrance of a chamber constructed for the purpose of capturing therein the lion, so that, when he enters it, it falls upon the the entrance and closes it. (K, * TA.) [The word in this sense is also mentioned in the K as written with $.] , thus, with two dammehs, [The fine filmy substance termed gossamer,] with the article Al, i. q. gazolu Eayoni Al$~amosi [lit. the spun-thread of the rays of the sun]: (IAar, K:) and ↓ sahaAmN [signifies the same], with the article Al i. q. muxaATu Al$~ayoTaAni [q. v., lit, the snivel of the devil]. (K.) ― -b2- And Overpowering heat. (IAar, K.) -A2- Also [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned, signifying] Intelligent, knowing, or skilful or judicious, working men; (K, TA;) and so with $. (TA.) : see sahomN, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places. ― -b2- Also Relationship. (S, K.) Whence *uw Als~uhomapi [A relation]. (S, TA.) The heat of the [wind called] samuwm; (S, K;) and the burning, or vehement, heat of summer; (K;) and the clouds of dust thereof: or a hot wind; and hot winds; used alike as sing. and pl. (TA.) ― -b2- See also suhumN. ― -b3- And see what next follows. (S, K) and ↓ sahaAmN, (K, and only thus in some copies of the K,) the former mentioned by several authors, (TA,) Leanness, or lankness in the belly, and an altered state (S, K, TA) of the colour, and dryness of the lips. (TA.) ― -b2- And the former, [in some copies of the K the latter, but the former, as is said in the TA, is the right, agreeably with analogy as a word signifying a disease,] A certain disease incident to camels. (El-Umawee, S, K.) , with fet-h [to the s, by Freytag erroneously written sahawomN, in consequence of his having been misled by a double mistranscription immediately preceding in the CK], The flying eagle: (K:) the epithet “ flying ” being here used only as an explicative. (TA.) an inf. n. of 1. (S, &c.) ― -b2- Also A frowning (EubuwsN, K, TA) of the face by reason of anxiety. (TA. [In the CK, Als~ahuwmu and AlEabuwsu are erroneously put for Als~uhuwmu and AlEubuwsu: in the TA, Alshwm is expressly said to be with damm, in this case, and the meaning is shown by two verses there cited.]) A maker of arrows. (MA.) , applied to a man, Altered in face. (TA.) The saying of 'Antarah, waAlxayolu saAhimapu Alwujuwhi kaA^an~amaA tusoqaY fawaArisuhaA naqiyEa AlHanoZali is expl. by Th as meaning And the owners of the horses were altered in their complexions in consequence of the state of difficulty wherein they were [as though they, i. e. the riders thereof, were given to drink infusion of colocynth]. (TA.) [But] saAhimu Alwajohi, is applied as an epithet to a horse as meaning Urged, or made, to perform a distressing act of running: and in like manner to a man when he is urged, or made, to perform a distressing part in war, or battle. (TA.) ― -b2- [The fem.] saAhimapN, applied to a she-camel, means Lean, or lank in the belly: (S, K: [see also masohuwmN:]) and [its pl.] sawaAhimu, applied to camels, altered by journeying. (S.) A horse half-blooded, got by a stallion of generous race out of a mare not of such race; syn. hajiynN: (K:) to [the rider of] such is given less than the sahom [or share] of the spoil that is given to [the rider of] the horse of generous race. (TA.) [It is applied in this sense to a stallioncamel as well as to a horse.] A poet says, baniY yavoribiY~K HaS~inuwA A^ayonuqaAtikumo waA^aforaAsakumo mino Darobi A^aHomara musohami [Sons of Yethribee, keep ye your she-camels and your mares from the being covered by one that is red, (i. e. of goodly appearance, for the red among camels are the most admired by the Arabs, and in like manner the bay among horses,) but half-blooded]: he means, keep ye your women from being taken as wives by such as are not their equals. (TA.) ― -b2- You say also, rajulN musohamu Aljisomi A man whose body is wasting away in consequence of love: (K:) and in like manner, musohamu AlEaqoli [whose reason is departing]: mentioned by Lh: (TA:) and so ↓ musohim, in both cases: (TA voce musohabN, q. v.:) the m being a substitute for b. (TA in the present art.) ― -b3- And musohamN, (K, TA,) or ↓ musohimN, (CK,) [both app. correct,] from A^asohama, is like musohabN [q. v.], (K, TA,) or musohibN, (CK,) from A^asohaba, in measure and in meaning; (K, TA;) meaning Loquacious, or profuse in speech: the m, accord. to Yaakoob, being [in this case also] a substitute for b. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. A [garment of the kind called] burod marked with stripes, or lines, (S, K, TA,) like sihaAm [i. e. arrows]. (TA.) -A2- See also the following paragraph. , applied to a man, Lean, or lank in the belly: [see also saAhimN:] or affected with what is termed shAm [app. sahaAm, and meaning the heat of the wind called samuwm]. (TA.) ― -b2- And, applied to a camel, Smitten with the disease termed suhaAm: and so ↓ musah~amapN applied to camels. (S, K.) shw , (S, Msb,) or fiyhi, (K,) aor. yasohuw, inf. n. sahowN (S, Msb, K) and suhuw~N, (M, K,) He was, or became, unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, or heedless, of it, or inadvertent to it; (S, Msb;) namely, a thing; syn. gafala Eanohu: (S, * Msb:) or he forgot it, or neglected it, (nasiyahu,) and was, or became, unmindful, forgetful, &c., of it, or inadvertent to it, (gafala Eanohu,) his mind adverting to another thing or affair or case; (K, TA;) thus expl. in the M and T; so that Als~ahowu and Algafolapu and Aln~isoyaAnu are made to be one [in signification]; (TA;) but accord. to Esh-Shiháb, Als~ahowu is a slight gafolap [or unmindfulness &c.] of that which is within the scope of the retentive faculty, such as when one's attention is roused by the least rousing thereof; whereas AlnsyAn denotes its passing away from the memory entirely; though all are used in one sense by a careless reliance upon the understanding of the reader or hearer: in the Msb it is said that a distinction is made between Als~aAhiY and Aln~aAsiY by the latter's being applied to him who, when he is reminded, remembers, and the former's being applied to him who is in the contrary case: accord. to IAth, sahaAfiY Al$~aYo'i means he neglected, or omitted, the thing unknowingly; and sahaA Eanohu, he neglected, or omitted, it knowingly: or, as some say, Als~ahowu is the doing wrong from unmindfulness (Eano gafolap); as when an insane person reviles another, which is pardonable; and as when one drinks wine and then some unpleasing action proceeds from him unintentionally, which is punishable. (TA.) One says, sahaAfiY AlS~alaApi, and EanohaA, i. q. gafala [He was, or became, unmindful in prayer, and of it]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, app., as implying an unexpected event,] Hamalato sahowFA She (a woman, S) conceived in menstruis. (Az, S, Z, K.) And Hamalato bihi A^um~uhu sahowFA His mother conceived him in menstruis. (JK.) ― -b3- Als~ahowu also signifies Als~ukuwnu (JK, S, K) and All~iynu (JK, S,) [app. as an inf. n., i. e. as meaning The being still, or quiet, and gentle; though it is immediately added in the S that the pl. is sihaA='N; for it seems that an early transcriber of the S has omitted to insert after All~aynu the words waAls~aAkinu waAll~ay~inu: see sahowN below]. One says, faEalahu sahowFA rahowFA He did it voluntarily, without its being asked, or demanded; (K, TA;) and without constraint: (TA:) or quietly, or calmly, without being hard, or difficult. (TA in art. rhw.) And sahaA A_ilayohi He looked at him, or it, with motionless eye. (Msb, TA.) And AlEayonu tasohuw fiyhi The eye expatiates in it; syn. tanobasiTu. (JK.) -A2- sahaAwapN, as denoting a quality of a camel, The being easy to ride; (K;) an inf. n., of which the verb is sahuwa. (TA.) -A3- maAlN laA yusohaY walaA yunohaY [Cattle] of which the end is not to be reached. (AA, JK, S, K.) You say, yaraAHu EalaY baniY fulaAnK mina AlmaAli maA laA yusohaYwalaA yunohaY [There returns from the place of pasture in the evening, or afternoon, to the sons of such a one, of cattle,] what is not to be numbered for multitude: (T, TA:) or what is not to be computed, or computed by conjecture. (IAar, TA.) And *ahabato tamiymu falaA tusohaY walaA tunohaY, meaning laA tu*okaru [i. e. Temeem went away, and will not be remembered, or will not be mentioned]: a saying of El-Ahmar. (TA.) , inf. n. musaAhaApN, i. q. gaAfalahu [app. meaning He acted with him in the manner of him who is unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, heedless, or inadvertent]. (TA.) [Or] the inf. n. signifies [The acting with moderation with another; or] the abstaining from going to the utmost length in social intercourse: (S, K:) or the being easy, or facile, with another: (A, TA:) or the behaving in a good [or pleasing] manner in social intercourse: (T, TA:) or the comporting oneself with another, or others, (muxaAlaqapN,) in a good manner, in social intercourse. ('Eyn, M, TA.) And one says, huwa yusaAhiY A^aSoHaAbahu He comports himself with his companions, or does so with good nature; syn. yuxaAliquhumo. (TA.) And sAhAhu means also He mocked at him, or derided him. (TA.) He (a man, TA) constructed what is termed a sahowap (K, TA) in a bayot [or chamber &c.]. (TA.) [often written Als~uhaY] A certain dim star, (S, K,) in [the asterism called] banaAt naEo$ AlkuboraY, (S, [in the K, erroneously, bnAt nE$ AlS~ugoraY,]) by the middle star of those thus called; (TA;) [i. e.] a small star by that called AlEanaAqu, (which latter is the middle star [ ζ] of the three in the tail of Ursa Major, Kzw,) by looking at which persons try their powers of sight; (Kzw, TA;) mentioned in art. qwd [voce qaAy^idN, q. v.]; (K;) [it is the star 80, by ζ;] also called ↓ Als~uhay~aA, which is the diminutive. (TA.) It is said in a prov., A^uriyhaA Als~uhaA waturiyniY Alqamara [I show her Es-Suhà and she shows me the moon]. (S, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. vol. i. pp. 527—9.]) And one says, A^an~aY yalotaqiY suhayolN waAls~uhaA How can Suheyl [or Canopus] meet Es-Suhà? for the former is southern and the latter is northern. (Har p. 276.) [an inf. n. used as an epithet,] Easy; applied to a man, and to an affair, (K, TA,) and to an object of want: (TA:) and so [the fem.] sahowapN, applied to a mare; and applied to a she-mule as meaning easy in pace, that does not fatigue her rider: the epithet sahowN, however, is not applied to a he-mule: so in the T: (TA:) [but] it is applied to a he-camel, meaning easy to ride: and sahowapN to a she-camel, (K, TA,) meaning gentle, easy to ride: and raAhK ↓ saAhK, applied to a he-camel, means [likewise] gentle in pace; and so [the pls.] sawaAhK rawaAhK applied to camels: (TA:) [and so ↓ sahowaA='u applied to a mare; for] a certain mare was named Als~ahowaA='u because of the gentleness of her pace. (TA.) Also, applied to water, Cool, sweet, or limpid; easy of descent in the throat. (K, * TA.) And qawosN sahowapN A bow that is compliant, (K, TA,) and easy. (TA.) And riyHN sahowN A gentle wind: [or a quiet, gentle wind:] pl. sihaA='N: (TA:) a poet (said to be El-Hárith Ibn- 'Owf, TA) says, tanaAwaHati Alr~ayaAHu lifaqodi EamorKw wakaAnato qabola maholikihi sihaA='aA i. e. [The winds blew violently for the loss of 'Amr; but they were before his death] quiet and gentle. (S, TA.) One says also A^aroDN sahowapN Soft land, without barrenness. (TA.) -A2- And Als~ahowu means The moon, in the language of the Nabathæans. (JK.) : see sihowaA='N An instance, or a case, of unmindfulness, forgetfulness, neglectfulness, heedlessness, or inadvertence. (Msb.) -A2- A rock, or great mass of stone, (K,) in the dial. of Teiyi, who call nothing else by this name: so in the M: or, accord. to the T, in that dial., the rock, or great mass of stone, upon which the waterer [app. of camels] stands: (TA:) or a rock, or great mass of stone, standing up, not having any foundation [app. meaning not partly imbedded] in the ground: and in the dial. of Teiyi, a single stone, great or small. (JK.) ― -b2- A bayot [app. here meaning booth, or the like,] which the Arabs of the desert set up at the water, and by the shade of which they shelter themselves. (TA.) A Suf~ap [or kind of roofed vestibule, or the like, or a covering for shade and shelter], (K, TA,) between two houses: (TA:) or a thing like the Suf~ap, which is before, or in the front of, houses: (As, JK, S:) or [in some copies of the K “ and ”] a kind of closet (muixodaE) between two chambers, (K, TA,) in which the waterers of the camels shelter themselves: or, as some say, a small wall which is build between the two [opposite main] walls of the chamber, the roof being placed over the whole; what is in the middle [or main part] of the chamber being [called] a sahowap; [see EarosN;] and what is within it, [app. behind,] a muixodaE: (TA:) or the like of a raf~ and TaAq, [app. meaning a kind of arched construction with a flat top which forms a shelf, against a wall; or simply a shelf, or ledge projecting from a wall, (see raf~N and TaAqN,)] in which, or upon which, a thing is placed: (ISd, K:) or a small bayot [or chamber], (S, K,) descending into the earth, having its roof elevated above the ground, (S,) resembling a small xizaAnap [or closet, or storeroom], (S, K,) in which are [deposited] the household-goods, or furniture and utensils; thus as heard by A'Obeyd from more than one of the people of El-Yemen: (S:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (JK,) four sticks, or pieces of wood, (JK, K,) or three, (K,) which are placed crosswise, one upon another, and upon which is then put anything of the household-goods, or furniture and utensils: (JK, K:) so in the M: (TA:) and (accord. to the T, TA) i. q. kanoduwjN, (K,) which means a small closet or store-room: (TA:) and i. q. rawo$anN and kuw~apN [i. e. a window, or mural aperture]: and a [kind of curtained canopy, or the like, such as is called] Hajalap: and a curtain, or screen, before the court, or yard, of a house, (K, TA,) and sometimes, surrounding the house, like a wall: (TA:) its pl. (in all of these senses, K, TA) is sihaA='N (JK, K, TA) and sahawaAtN. (JK.) : see sahowN: -A2- and see also what here follows. , (IAar, JK, S, TA,) like siEowaA='N and tihowaA='N, all with kesr, on the authority of IAar, but in the K ↓ sahowaA=', (TA,) A [portion, or short portion, such as is termed] saAEap, of the night; (S, K, TA;) and (S, TA) the first part thereof: (JK, S, TA:) or it may be like ↓ sahowaAn, [which is app. in this case with tenween, and] which seems to mean a period in which people are unmindful of the places, or ways, in which things are, or should be, sought by them; or shwAn may be from saAhiyapN, expl. below: and mina All~ayoli ↓ sihowN signifies the same as siEow and saEow [and sihowaA='] and siEowaA'. (Ham p. 708.) One says, laqiytuhu baEoda sihowaA='K mina All~ayoli i. e. [I met him after a portion, or short portion, of the night; or] after the first part of the night had passed. (JK.) : see saAhK: -A2- and see also sihowaA='N. dim. of Als~uhaA, q. v. Unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, heedless, or inadvertent; (JK, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ sahowaAnu; (S, K;) whence the prov., A_in~a AlmuwaS~ayona banuw sahowaAno (S) i. e. Only the unmindful [lit. the sons of the unmindful] are such as require to be enjoined: (S, Meyd:) or, as some say, by bnw shwAn are meant all mankind; because all become unmindful: but the most correct explanation is, that those who are enjoined to do a thing are subject to unmindfulness: it is applied to him who is unmindful of pursuing that which he is commanded to do: and shwAn may be syn. with [the inf. n.] sahowN; or it may be an epithet, syn. with saAhK, and is applied to Adam, because he forgot his cove- nant, so that bnw shwAn may mean the sons of Adam, and hence, the unmindful. (Meyd. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 3-4.]) ― -b2- See also sahwN. A tract of land long and wide, without any covert of trees, or the like, [to obstruct the view, or] to repel the eye. (JK, and Ham p. 708.) and A^asohaA='apN: see what follows. , (JK, TA,) in the K, erroneously, ↓ A^asohaA=', (TA,) i. q. A^alowaAnN [generally signifying Colours; but also meaning sorts, or species; and here used in this latter sense, as is indicated in the TA]: a pl. having no sing.: (K, TA:) so in the M: (TA:) or it signifies, (JK,) or signifies also, (TA,) various sorts (DuruwbN muxotalifpN, JK, TA) of pace of camels; like A^asaAhiyju: (TA:) and its sing. is ↓ A^asohaA='apN. (JK.) sw i. q. sawofa, q. v. swA^ , (Lth, M, Msb, K,) aor. yasuwo'u, (Lth, Msb,) inf. n. sawo'N, (Lth, M,) or sawaA='N, like saHaAbN, (K,) [but the former is that which is commonly known,] It (a thing, Lth, M) was, or became, evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly. (Lth, M, Msb, K.) It is used in this sense, (IKt, TA,) or [rather] is like biy^osa, (Bd, Jel,) in the Kur [xvii. 34], where it is said, saA='a sabiylFA [Evil, &c., is it as a way of acting]: (IKt, Bd, Jel, TA:) which is like the saying, saA='a h`*aA ma*ohabFA [Evil, &c., is this as a way of acting or believing, &c.]: the noun being in the accus. case as a specificative. (IKt, TA.) And so in the saying, saA='a maA faEala fulaAnN SaniyEFA [Evil, &c., as an action, is that which such a one has done]. (TA.) ― -b2- One says also, suw^otu bihi Zan~FA, and bihi AlZ~an~a ↓ A^asaA^otu, [lit. I was evil in opinion respecting him, or it, and I made the opinion respecting him, or it, to be evil, each virtually meaning I held, or formed, an evil opinion respecting him, or it,] the noun being determinate, with the article Al, in the latter case, (ISk, S, Msb, TA,) because it is an objective complement, for the verb is trans., (IB, TA,) and the noun being indeterminate in the former case, (IB, Msb, TA,) because it is in the accus. case as a specificative; (IB, TA;) but some allow it to be indeterminate after ↓ A^asaA^otu, which is here the contr. of A^aHosanotu. (Msb.) -A2- It is also trans.: (Lth, TA:) you say, saA='ahu, (S, M, K,) aor. yasuwow^uhu, (S,) inf. n. sawo'N (S, M, K) and suwo'N, with damm also, (TA, [and said to be an inf. n. in the Ksh and by Bd in ii. 46, but as it is not mentioned as an inf. n. in the S nor in the M nor in the K, but is expressly said in all these to be a subst., I think that is should be rejected, or regarded as a quasi-inf. n. like kalaAmN and vawaAbN &c.,]) sawaA=pN (K) and sawaA='apN (AZ, M, K) and sawaAY'iyapN (S, M, K,) of the measure faEaAliyapN, like EalaAniyapN (Kh, S, M,) and sawaAyapN, (S, M, K,) which is a contraction of that next preceding, (Kh, S, M,) and masaA='N (M, K) and masaA='apN, (S, M, K,) originally masowaA^apN, (Har p. 81,) and masaAy^iyapN, which is originally masaAwiy^apN, (Kh, S, M, K,) and masaAyapN, (S, M, K,) which is a contraction of that next preceding, (Kh, S,) and masaAy^iy~apN, (M, K,) this last written in the L with two Y s, [i. e. masaAyyiapN,] (TA,) [He did evil to him;] he did to him that which he disliked, or hated; (M, K;) he displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; contr. of sar~ahu. (S.) One says, suw^otu Alr~ajula, meaning I displeased, grieved, or vexed, the man by what he saw [or experienced] from me. (S.) And A^aradotu masaA='ataka and masaAy^iyataka [I desired to displease, grieve, or vex, thee]. (Lth, TA.) And A_in~a All~ayola TawiylN walaA yasuw^o baAluhu [Verily the night is long, and may the state thereof not displease, grieve, or vex, me]: meaning laA yasuw^oniY baAluhu; and expressing a prayer. (Lh, M. [In the TA, in the place of baAluhu is put mA lh; as though meaning maA lahu mina AlHawaAdivi or the like, i. e. its events, or accidents, &c.]) And lahu Einodiy maA saA='ahu wanaA='ahu [I have, belonging to him, or I owe him, what grieved him, and oppressed him by its weight], and maA yasuwow^uhu wayanuwow^uhu [what does, or will, grieve him, &c.]. (S.) taraka maA yasuwow^uhu wayanuwow^uhu [He left, or has left, what will grieve him, and oppress him by its weight, on the day of judgment, by the responsibility that it has imposed upon him,] is a prov., said of him who has left his property to his heirs. (Meyd, TA.) It is said that El-Mahboobee was possessed of riches; and when death visited him, he desired to make a testament; so it was said to him, “ What wilt thou write? ” and he answered, “ Write ye, 'Such a one,' meaning himself, 'has left what will grieve him, and oppress him by its weight:' ” i. e., property which his heirs will devour, while the burden thereof will remain upon him. (Meyd, TA.) [See also 4.] ― -b2- One says also, suw^otu wajoha fulaAnK, aor. A^asuwow^uhu, inf. n. masaA='apN and masaAy^iyapN, (Lth, TA,) i. q. qabaHotuhu [i. e. I said, May God remove the person (lit. the face) of such a one far from good, or prosperity, &c.]. (TA. [It is said in a copy of the M, that suw^otu lahu wajohahu means qab~aHotuhu: but I think that the right explanation is qabaHotuhu, without tesh-deed, meaning I said to him, qabaHa A@ll~`hu wajohaka: see art. qbH.]) [He corrupted, or marred]. You say, saw~i walaA tusaw~iy^o Rectify thou, and do not corrupt, or mar. (A, TA.) [See also 4.] ― -b2- sw~A^ Ealayohi He said to him A^asaA^otu [Thou hast done ill]. (M.) You say, saw~aA^otu Ealayohi maA SanaEa, (S,) or SaniyEahu, (K,) i. e. fiEolahu, (TA,) inf. n. tasowiy^apN and tasowiYo'N, I discommended to him what he had done, or his deed; and said to him A^asaA^ota [Thou hast done ill]. (S, K.) And A_ino A^asaA^otu fasaw~iy^o EalaY~a [If I do ill, say thou to me, Thou hast done ill]. (S.) , [inf. n. A_isaA='apN,] He did evil, or ill; or acted ill; contr. of A^aHosana: (S, M, K:) [and so] AsiA=' fiY fiEolihi. (Msb.) You say, AsA=' A_ilayohi (S, K) and lahu and Ealayhi and bihi (TA) He did evil or ill, or acted ill, to him. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- [See also A^asowaY, in several senses, in art. swy.] -A2- AsA='hu He corrupted it, or marred it; (M, K;) [did it ill;] did it not well; namely, a thing. (M.) It is said in a prov., A^asaA='a kaArihN maA Eamila [An unwilling person did ill what he did]; relating to a man who was compelled against his will, by another, to do a thing, and marred it, or did it not well: it is applied to the man who seeks an object of want and does not take pains to accomplish it. (M, Meyd. *) See also 1, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. [And see 2.] He experienced evil, or that which he disliked or hated, (S, * K, TA,) or displeasure, (TA,) or grief, or anxiety. (M, TA.) AisotaA='a lahaA occurs in a trad. as meaning He (the Prophet) became displeased, or grieved, or anxious, on account of it; i. e., on account of a dream that had been related to him: or, accord. to one relation, the right reading is AisotaA=lahaA, meaning “ he sought the interpretation of it, by consideration. ” (TA.) is an inf. n. of saA='a, (Lth, S, M, K,) intrans., (Lth, M,) and trans.: (S, M, K:) and is also used as an epithet, applied to a man, (M, Msb, and Ham p. 712,) and to an action. (Msb.) You say rajulu sawo'K (S, M, Msb, K) [A man of evil nature or doings; or] a man who does what is evil, displeasing, grievous, or vexatious: (M, TA:) and rajulu Als~awo'i [the man of evil nature or doings &c.]: (S, K:) and *iy^obu Als~awo'i [the wolf of evil nature &c.], as in a verse cited voce A^aHaAla, in art. Hwl: (S:) and Eamalu sawo'K [a deed of evil nature]: (M, Msb:) and Eamalu Als~awo'i [the deed of evil nature]: (Ham p. 498:) and naEotu sawo'K [an epithet of evil nature]: (O and K in art. sHq:) and saEofu sawo'K a bad commodity: (O and TA in art. sEf:) and if you make the former word determinate [by means of the article Al], you use the latter as an epithet [also], (M, * Msb, and Ham, p. 712, *) and you say Alr~ajulu Als~awo'u [the evil man, or the man who does what is evil &c.]: (Msb, and Ham p. 712:) and AlEamalu Als~awo'u [the evil deed]: (Msb:) [this last phrase I hold to be correct, regarding Als~awo'u in this case as originally an inf. n. of the intrans. verb saA='a, and therefore capable of being used as an epithet applied to anything; though] IB says that Als~awo'u used as an epithet is applied to a man but not to a deed: (TA:) [in what here follows from the S, denying the correctness of another phrase mentioned above on the authority of lexicologists of high repute, there is, in my opinion, an obvious mistranscription, twice occurring, Als~awo'u for Als~uwo'u, which I suppose to have passed from an early copy of that work into most other copies thereof, for I find it alike in all to which I have had access:] Akh says, one should not say Alr~ajulu Als~awo'u, though one says AlHaq~u Alyaqiynu as well as Haq~u Alyaqiyni; for Als~awo'u is not the same as Alr~ajulu, but Alyaqiynu is the same as AlHaq~u: he says, also, nor should one say, h`*aA rajulu Als~uwo'i with damm: (S:) [here the expres- sion “ with damm ” may perhaps be meant to refer to Alsw' in all of the three instances above; not in the last only:] IB says, [in remarking on this passage of the S, in which he appears to have read Als~uwo', with damm, in all of the three instances,] Akh allows one's saying rajulu Als~awo'i and rajulu sawo'K, with fet-h to the s in both; but not rajulu Als~uwo'i, with damm to the s, because Als~uwo'u is a subst., meaning “ harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage, ” and “ evilness of state or condition; ” and rajul is prefixed, as governing a gen. case, only to the inf. n.: and he adds that one says, h`*aA Alr~ajulu Als~awo'u, not prefixing [the former noun to the latter, but using the latter as an epithet]. (TA.) ― -b2- See also the next paragraph, in six places. is the subst. from saA='ahu; (S, M, * K;) [so, app., accord. to the generality of the lexicologists;] or inf. n. (Ksh and Bd in ii. 46) of say~iy^N, (Ksh ibid.,) or of saA='a, aor. yasuwo'u, (Bd ibid.,) or of saA='ahu [q. v.]; (TA;) signifying Evilness, badness, abominableness, foulness, or unseemliness; [and displeasingness, grievousness, or vexatiousness;] as, for instance, of natural disposition, and of doings: (Ksh ubi suprà:) vitious, immoral, unrighteous, sinful, or wicked, conduct: [hence, ramaAhu bisuwo'K: see art. rmy:] anything disapproved, or disallowed; or regarded as evil, bad, abominable, foul, or unseemly: (S, TA:) [an evil action or event:] evilness of state or condition: harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage: (IB, TA:) anything that is mentioned as being say~iy^ [i. e. evil, &c.]: (Lth, TA:) any evil, evil affection, cause of mischief or harm or injury, noxious or destructive thing, calamity, disease, or malady: (M, K, TA:) [pl. A^asowaA='N, accord. to a general rule.] The saying maA A^unokiruka mino suwo'K means I do not disacknowledge thee in consequence of suwo' [i. e. evilness, &c.,] that I have seen in thee, but only in consequence of my little knowledge of thee. (S.) linaSorifa Eanohu Als~uwo'a waAlfaHo$aA='a, in the Kur [xii. 24], is said by Zj to mean, [In order that we might turn away from him] unfaithfulness to his master, and adultery. (M, TA.) And suwo'u AlHisaAbi, in the Kur [xiii. 18, i. e. The evilness of the reckoning], is expl. by him as meaning a reckoning in which no good work will be accepted, and no evil work passed over; because infidelity will have made the former to be of no avail: or, as some say, it means a reckoning pursued to the utmost extent, in which no evil work will be passed over. (M, TA.) laA xayora fiY qawoli Als~uwo'i means There is no good in thy saying suwo' [i. e. a thing that is evil; qwl being here used in its original sense of an inf. n.]: but if you say ↓ Als~awo', [you use qwl in the sense of maquwl, and] the meaning is, in evil speech. (TA as from the K, but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K.) suwo'N accord. to one reading, and ↓ sawo'N accord. to another, (K, TA, [but all that is given in this sentence as from the K is so given only on the authority of the TA, not being in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K]) the latter of which readings is the more common, (TA,) in the phrase daAy^irapu Als~w', (K, TA,) in the Kur [ix. 99 and xlviii. 6], (TA,) mean Defeat, and evil; (K, TA;) and trial, or affliction, and torment; (TA;) and perdition, and destruction, or corruption: (K, TA:) and in like manner in the saying, A^umoTirato maTara Als~w'i, (K, TA,) in the Kur [xxv. 42]: (TA:) or Als~uwo' means harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage; and evilness of state or condition; [as expl. before;] and ↓ Als~awo', corruption, or destruction, or perdition: (K, * TA:) or Als~uwo' in the phrase daAy^irapu Als~uwo'i means defeat and evil; and the reading ↓ Als~awo' is from [i. e. syn. with] AlmasaA='ap [as inf. n.]. (S. [See also daAy^irapN, in art. dwr.]) Accord. to Zj, in the saying in the Kur [xlviii. 6], ↓ A@lZ~aAn~iyna biA@ll~`hi Zan~a A@ls~awo'i, (TA,) meaning Zan~a AlA^amori Als~awo'i [i. e. Who opine, of God, the opining of the evil thing], (Bd,) it is allowable to read Zan~a Als~uwo'i; (T, TA;) and thus some read in this instance: (Jel:) but AM says, in the saying in the Kur [xlviii. 12], ↓ waZananotumo Zan~a Als~awo'i [And ye opined the evil opining], it is read only with fet-h, and damm to the s is not allowable in this instance, for there is in it no meaning of trial, or affliction, and torment: (TA:) [for this distinction, however, I see no reason; and it is not correct; for] Alsw' is with fet-h and with damm to the s in the three sentences [whereof this last is one] in which it occurs in this chapter. (Jel.) ― -b2- In the Kur vii. 188, it is said to mean (assumed tropical:) Diabolical possession; or insanity, or madness. (M, TA.) ― -b3- (tropical:) Leprosy, syn. baraSN, (Lth, S, M, K, TA,) is said to be its meaning in the Kur xx. 23 and xxvii. 12 and xxviii. 32. (S, TA.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) The fire: so in the Kur xxx. 9, accord. to the reading Als~uwo'a: (K, TA:) said to mean there Hell: but the reading commonly known is ↓ Als~uwo'aY. (TA.) ― -b5- And (assumed tropical:) Weakness in the eye. (K. [Thus, i. e. with damm to the s, in the CK and TK: in the TA said to be bAlftH; but this is evidently a mistake for bAlDm~.]) : see say~iy^N. The Eaworap [or pudendum], (S, Mgh, Msb,) i. e. (Msb) the faroj [which means the same, or the external portion of the organs of generation], (Lth, M, IAth, Msb, K,) of a man, and of a woman: (Lth, Msb, TA:) and the anus: (Az and TA in art. swY:) dual sawo'ataAni: and pl. sawoA=tN: so called because its becoming exposed to men displease [or shames] the owner thereof; (Msb;) or because of its unseemliness. (Ham p. 510.) In the Kur vii. 19, for sawoA=tihimaA, some read sawaAtihimaA; and some, saw~aAtihimaA. (Bd.) ― -b2- In the Kur v. 34, it means The dead body, or corpse; (Bd, Jel;) because it is deemed unseemly to be seen. (Bd.) ― -b3- Accord. to IAth, the former is the primary signification: and hence it is transferred to denote Any saying, or action, of which one is ashamed when it appears: (TA:) any evil, bad, abominable, foul, or unseemly, saying or action; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ sawoA='u: (M:) any disgracing action or thing: (Lth, TA:) an evil, abominable, or unseemly, property, quality, custom, or practics; (K, TA;) as also ↓ sawoA='u, or ↓ sawo'aY; (accord. to different copies of the K; [the latter perhaps fem. of ↓ A^asowaA^u like the former, of the same class as dafoA^aY and danoA^aY, or fem. of ↓ sawoA=nu, like EaTo$aY fem. of EaTo$aAnu;]) or so both of these; (TA;) or so ↓ sawo'apN sawoA='u: (S:) [or this last means a property, &c., that is very evil &c.] One says, sawo'apF lifulaAnK May a disgracing action or thing befall such a one; [or disgrace, or shame, to such a one;] using the accus. case because it is an expression of reviling and imprecation. (Lth, TA.) [See also say~iy^apN and suwo'aY.] ― -b4- ↓ Als~awo'apu Als~awo'aY [or ↓ Als~awo'apu Als~awoA='u] also means The contrarious wife or woman. (TA.) as used in the saying Daraba fulaAnN EalaY fulaAnK saAyapF is held by some to be originally with ', and of the measure faEolapN, from Als~awo'u; so that the saying means Such a one did to such a one a thing that caused displeasure to him; and did evil to him: others hold that the saying means such a one made a way to do what he desired to such a one; in which case, sAyp is of the measure faEolapN from saw~ayotu; originally sawoyapN, which is changed into say~apN, and then into saAyapN, in like manner as diw~aAnN is changed into diywaAnN. (Aboo-Bekr, TA.) [See the same word in art. swY.] : see sawo'apN, in two places. is [fem. of ↓ A^asowaA^u, q. v., as meaning More, and most, evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly: and is also] a subst. signifying an evil, a bad, an abominable, a foul, or an unseemly, action; (Msb, TA;) i. q. faEolapN say~iy^apN [and say~iy^apN alone]: in this sense, [as well as in the former,] (TA,) contr. of HusonaY. (S, M, K, TA.) ― -b2- In the Kur xxx. 9, (S, TA,) accord. to the reading commonly known, (TA,) [as contr. of AlHusonaY,] Als~uwo'aY means (assumed tropical:) The fire (S, K, TA) of Hell. (TA.) See also suwo'N, last explanation but one. : see A^asowaA^u (of which it is said by some to be fem.) in two places: ― -b2- and see also sawo'apN, in four places. is [app. an instance of the alteration of the latter of two epithets to assimilate it to the former, originally xazoyaAnu A^asowaA^u, meaning Ashamed, or base, or vile, or ignominious, and evil, bad, &c.,] from AlquboHu. (M, TA.) ― -b2- See also sawo'apN. , [originally sayowiy^N (as will be shown below, voce say~iy^apN), then sayoyiy^N, and then say~iy^N,] applied to a thing [of any kind], (Lth, TA,) Evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly; (Lth, Msb, TA;) contr. of HasanN: (Msb:) sometimes contracted into ↓ saYo'N, like as hay~inN is contracted in hayonN, and lay~nN into layonN; as in the saying of Et-Tuhawee, walaA yajozuwna mino HasanK misaYo'K walaA yajozuwna mino gilaZK biliyni [And they will not requite good with evil, nor will they requite roughness with gentleness]. (S.) You say qawolN say~iy^N [An evil saying; or] a saying that displeases. (M, TA.) And faEolapN say~iy^apN [An evil action or deed]. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [xxxv. 41], wamakora A@ls~ay~iy^i walaA yaHiyqu A@lomakoru A@ls~ay~iy^N A_il~aA biA^aholihi [And in the plotting of that which is evil; but the evil plotting shall not beset any save the authors thereof]. (M, TA.) One says also, fulaAnN say~iy^u AlAixotiyaAri [Such a one is evil in respect of choice, or preference]. (S.) [See also the next paragraph.] [fem. of say~iy^N, q. v.: and also a subst., being transferred from the category of epithets to that of substs. by the affix p], originally sayowiy^apN, (S,) An evil act or action; contr. of HasanapN; (Msb;) a fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience; or such as is intentional; a sin, a crime, or an act of disobedience for which one deserves punishment; syn. xaTiyoy^apN: (M, K:) pl. say~iy^aAtN. (TA.) It is said in a trad., AlHasanapu bayona Als~ay~iy^atayoni [The good act is between the two evil acts]; meaning that the exceeding of the just bounds is a say~iy^ap, and the falling short thereof is a say~iy^ap, and the pursuing a middle course between these two is a Hasanap. (TA.) [See also sawo'apN and suwo'aY.] ― -b2- Also; tropically, (tropical:) The recompense of a say~iy^ap properly so termed [i. e. as expl. above]. (Msb in art. mkr.) ― -b3- An evil, or evil accident; a calamity; a misfortune; (Ksh in iv. 81;) a trial, or an affliction; opposed to HasanapN; (Ksh and Bd in iv. 80;) scarcity of herbage, or of the goods, conveniences, and comforts, of life; straitness of circumstances; and unsuccessfulness; thus [likewise] opposed to HasanapN in the Kur iv. 80. (Er- Rághib, TA in art. Hsn.) ; fem. suwo'aY: see the latter word. One says, huwa A^asowaA^u Alqawomi He is the most evil, &c., of the people, or party; syn. A^aqobaHuhumo: and hiYa Als~uwo'aY She is the most evil, &c. (Msb.) And the [common] people say A^asowaA^u AlA^aHowaAli, meaning The [worst, or] most scanty, and weakest, of states or conditions. (Msb.) -A2- [Also,] applied as an epithet to a man, (El-Umawee, M, TA,) Evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly: (ElUmawee, M, K, TA:) fem. ↓ sawoA='u, (El-Umawee, M, K,) which is thus applied to a woman; (ElUmawee, S, M;) or this is an instance of the measure faEElaA='u having no [masc. of the measure] A^afaEalu. (M, TA.) See also sawo'apN, in four places. It is said in a trad. (M, TA) of the Prophet, or of 'Omar, (TA,) waluwdN xayorN mino HasonaA='a EaqiymK ↓ sawoA='u [An ugly prolific woman is better than a beautiful barren one]. (M, TA.) an inf. n. of saA='ahu: (S, M, K:) and [also a subst. signifying An evil, as being] a cause of grief or vexation; contr. of masar~apN: originally masowaA^apN: and therefore the pl. is ↓ masaAwK, for masaAwiy^u; (Msb;) signifying also vices, faults, defects, or imperfections; (S, Msb, K, TA;) and diseases; (S, TA;) and acts of disobedience: (Msb:) so in the saying, badato masaAwiyhi His acts of disobedience, and vices, faults, &c., appeared: (Msb:) and Alxayolu tajoriY EalaY masaAwiyhaA Horses run, notwithstanding their vices, or faults, &c., (S, Meyd, K,) and diseases; (S, Meyd;) for their generousness impels them to do so: (S, Meyd, K: but omitted in the CK:) and in like manner, the ingenuous generous man bears difficulties, and defends, or protects, what he is bound to defend or protect, or to regard as sacred, or inviolable, though he be weak, and practises generosity in all circumstances: (Meyd, TA:) or it is applied in relation to the protection and defence of what should be sacred, or inviolable, or of wives, or women under covert, and the members of one's household, notwithstanding harm, or injury, and fear: or it means that one may seek to defend himself by means of a man though there be in him qualities disapproved: (MF, TA:) but accord. to Lh, AlmasaAwiY has no proper sing., like AlmaHaAsinu: (Meyd, TA: *) accord. to some of the writers on inflection, it is the contr. of AlmaHaAsinu, and an anomalous pl. of Als~uwo'u, being originally with '. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. swb A long, or far, journey; like suboA^apN; (K, TA;) of which it is a dial. var.: a short journey is termed surobapN. (TA.) A well-known [beverage of the kind called] nabiy*, prepared from wheat, and much drunk by the people of Egypt, (L, TA,) at their festivals: (TA:) and also prepared from rice: (MF, TA:) [also from the pips of a species of melon, called in Egypt Eabodal~aAwiY~; (see art. Ebd; and see also White's “ Abdollatiphi Hist. Aegypti Compendium, ” pp. 52-3; or De Sacy's transl., pp. 34-5;) moistened and pounded, and steeped in water, which is then strained, and sweetened with sugar:] it is mentioned in a trad. and by several writers. (TA.) swj , said of a weaver, He passed the misowajap, i. e. the sprinkling instrument, to and fro over his web [to dress the warps with the preparation termed sawoj]. (A, TA. *) ― -b2- [Hence, app., unless the reverse be the case, the inf. n.] sawajaAnN signifies The act of going and coming: (AA, O, K, TA:) asserted by some to be sawojaAnN, [and thus it is in the CK,] but this is a mistake. (TA.) You say, saAja, aor. yasuwju, inf. n. sawojN [and sawajaAnN], He, or it, went and came. (TA.) ― -b3- And sAj, (IAar, O, K,) aor. as above, (IAar, O,) inf. n. sawojN and suwaAjN and sawajaAnN, He went along gently, softly, or in a leisurely manner. (IAar, O, K.) IAar cites the following [as an ex. of an epithet hence derived]: AljilobiHi ↓ gar~aA='a layosato biAls~aw^uwji [A female fair in face: she is not the ugly old woman that goes along gently, or softly, by reason of decrepitude]. (O.) (A, Msb) wanaHowihi (Msb) He made a siyaAj, i. e. an enclosure (A, Msb) composed of thorns and the like, (Msb,) around the grape-vines (A, Msb) and the like; as also sy~j, with Y, agreeably with the word syAj [from which it is derived]: (Msb:) and sy~j HaAy^iTahu, inf. n. tasoyiyjN, he made an enclosure (K and TA in art. syj) of thorns and the like (TA in that art.) around his garden of palm-trees or vines. (K and TA in the same art.) [The teak-tree; tectona grandis; to which the name of sAj is applied in Pers.; remarkable for its huge size, and enormous leaves: or the Indian, or Oriental, plane-tree: or the Indian plantain-tree: (see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., iii. 473:)] a certain species of tree, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) of great size, (Msb,) growing to a very great size, (Mgh,) that grows only in India, and is conveyed thence to other countries; (Mgh, Msb;) so they say: (Mgh:) Z says, (Msb,) it is a black, heavy, wood, which is brought from India, (A, Msb,) in pieces made of an oblong form, and squared, (A,) and which the woodfretter can hardly, or not at all, wear, or waste; (A, Msb;) and he says that its pl. is siyjaAnN: (Msb: [but this is said in the A only to be pl. of sAj meaning “ a rounded, wide, TayolasaAn: ”]) some say that it resembles ebony, but is less black: (Msb:) accord to the A, Noah's ark was made of it: but several authors say that it is related in the Book of the Law revealed to Moses that it was made of the Sanawobar [or pine-tree]; and some say that the Snwbr is a species of the sAj: (TA:) AHn describes it, (O, TA,) on the authority of one who had seen it in its places of growth, (O,) as a species of tree that grows to a great size, tall and wide, having leaves like the shields of the Deylem (Ald~ayolam, q. v.), with one of which leaves a man may cover himself, and it will protect him from the rain, and it has a sweet odour, like the odour of the leaves of the walnut, and is fine and soft, or smooth; (O, TA,) the elephants [he says] are fond of it, and of the leaves of the banana, both of which they eat: it is not of the trees that grow in the land of the Arabs, nor does it grow in any country except those of India and the Zenj; nor does any tree grow so tall, nor any so big: (O:) ↓ saAjapN is the n. un.; and its pl. is saAjaAtN: (Msb:) and it signifies a piece of wood of the tree called sAj, made of an oblong form, and squared, as brought from India; (A, * Mgh, TA;) such as is cut and prepared for a foundation and the like: (Mgh:) one says, fiY A^asaAsi binaAy^ihi saAjapN [In the foundation of his building is a piece of wood of the sAj cut in an oblong form, and squared]: (A:) a sAjp from which a door is cloven, or divided off lengthwise, is called saliyjapN: (TA:) and the term saAjapN is also applied to the board, or tablet, [of wood of the sAj,] upon which stand [or rest] the two scales of the balance when one weighs with it. (Ham. p. 818.) -A2- Also A [garment of the kind called] TayolasaAn of the colour termed xuDorap [here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour]: (S, A, O, K:) or a black TylsAn: (IAar, O, K:) or a large, thick, or coarse, TylsAn: (TA:) or a TylsAn made of a round form, (A, TA,) and wide: (A:) or a TylsAn hollowed out in the middle (muqaw~arN); so woven: (Az, O, Msb:) this last is said to be meant in a trad. in which it is said that the Prophet used to wear in war such qalaAnis [pl. of qalanosuwapN, q. v.,] as were [made] of siyjaAn: (TA:) siyjaAnN is the pl.: (T, S, A, O, Msb:) the dim. is ↓ suwayojN. (TA.) It is tropically applied to signify (tropical:) A [garment of the kind called] kisaA=' made of a square form, or four-sided; and is described as a sort of miloHafap, woven. (TA.) As meaning a TylsAn, it is said by some, that its A is originally Y. (L, TA.) ― -b2- It is also used, by a poet, in the manner of an epithet, as meaning Of the colour termed xuDorap [expl. above]. (TA.) A preparation of clay, [app. made into a sort of ooze, and] cooked; with which the weaver does over [i. e. dresses] the warps of the web. (TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) n. un. of saAjN, q. v. (Msb.) [an epithet from saAja in the last of the senses assigned to it above]: see 1, last sentence. A small TayolasaAn of the kind called saAj, q. v. (TA.) An enclosure (A, Msb) made with thorns and the like (Msb) around grape-vines (A, Msb) and the like: (Msb:) an enclosure made with trees around grape-vines or a garden: (L in art. syj:) an enclosure (O and K in that art.) of any kind (O) around a thing, such as palm-trees and grape-vines: (O, K:) and a wall (O, K) of any kind, whether roofed or not roofed: (O:) pl. [of pauc.] A^asowijapN and [of mult.] suwjN; (A, Msb;) the latter originally suwujN, like kutubN pl. of. kitaAbN. (Msb.) Fei makes the medial radical letter to be w, and so do [Z and] AHei and most of the grammarians: Az [and Sgh] and IM hold it to be Y. (TA.) The sprinkling instrument (mira$~ap, A) which the weaver passes to and fro over his web [to dress the warps with the preparation termed sawoj]. (A, TA. *) A [garment of the kind called] ksA=' made into a sAj: (A:) or, made round (O, K, TA) and wide, or ample: (TA:) and also applied to signify such as is made square, or four-sided. (TA.) swH [originally sawaHN]: see what follows. [originally sawaHapN] The court, or open area, of a house; i. e. a spacious vacant part or portion thereof, in which is no building; (Msb voce EaroSapN;) a part of a house in which is no building nor roof: (Har p. 33:) its baAHap: (S:) or its yard; i. e. a spacious place in front of a house: (Msb in the present art.:) or a wide, or spacious, place, among the dwellings of a tribe: and a side, region, quarter, or tract; or a lateral, or an outward or adjacent, part or portion; syn. naAHiyapN: (K:) the pl. is ↓ saAHN [or rather this is a coll. gen. n. of which sAHp is the n. un.] and [the pl. is] saAHaAtN (S, Msb, K) and suwHN; (S, K;) the last like budonN pl. of badanapN, and xu$obN pl. of xa$abapN: (S:) the dim. is ↓ suwayoHapN. (TA.) [See also 7 in art. syH.] One says, Eamara A@ll~`hu saAHataka [May God people thy court, or yard; or make it to be well stocked with people and the like]. (A.) And in a case of drought you say, AiHomar~a A@ll~uwHu waA@gubar~a A@ls~uwHu [The air, or atmosphere, has become red, and the courts, or yards, have become very dusty]. (A.) You say also, A_in~ahu labariYo'u Als~aAHapi, a phrase like A_in~ahu labariYo'u AlEa*irapi [expl. in art. E*r]. (TA in art. E*r.) dim. of saAHapN, q. v. (TA.) swx , (S, Msb, K,) or qawaAy^imu Ald~aAb~api, (A,) fiY AlA^aroDi, (S, Msb,) or biAlA^aroDi, (A,) aor. tasuwxu, (S, A, Msb,) inf. n. sawoxN (L, Msb) and suw^uwxN and sawaxaAnN, (L,) His legs, or the legs of the beast, sank into the ground: (Msb, * TA:) or sank, and became concealed, in the ground or earth: (S, Msb, * TA:) and so saAxato, aor. tasiyxu, (S, Msb, TA,) inf. n. sayoxN (Msb) [and sayaxaAnN: see art. syx]: and in like manner one says of the feet: (A, TA:) like vaAxato. (S, K.) ― -b2- And saAxa, (L, K,) aor. yasuwxu, (L,) It (a thing) sank [in water &c.], or subsided; syn. rasaba. (L, K.) ― -b3- And saAxato bihimu AlA^aroDu, (A, L, Msb, K,) aor. tasuwxu, (L, Msb,) inf. n. sawoxN (L, Msb, K) and suw^uwxN and sawaxaAnN, (L, K,) The ground, or earth, sank with them; or sank with them and swallowed them up or enclosed them; syn. Ainoxasafato, (L, K,) or xasafato: and so saAxato, aor. tasiyxu, inf. n. sayoxN. (Msb.) He (God) made him, or it, to sink into, or to sink and become concealed in, the ground or earth. (Msb.) He fell into a place rendered very slimy by rain; (L, K;) or into mud rendered very watery by rain; as also tzw~x. (L.) (L, K) and ↓ suw~aAxFA (L) and ↓ suw~aAxaY, (L, K,) or ↓ sawaAxaY, of the measure faEaAlaY, (S,) said in the K to be a mistake, but the S is not the only lexicon in which it is thus written, (TA,) The earth became very slimy by reason of rain. (S, L, K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. In it is much mud. (K.) i. q. suwaAxFA, q. v. (L.) Mud rendered very watery by rain. (L.) See SaArati AlA^aroDu suwaAxFA, above. ― -b2- Also, and ↓ masowaxapN, Tumid earth that breaks in pieces when trodden upon. (L voce rax~aA='u.) ― -b3- baToHaA='u suw~aAxaY [A wide water-course, or channel of a torrent, containing fine, or minute, or broken, pebbles, &c.,] into which the feet sink, or in which the feet sink and become concealed. (L.) dim. of suw~aAxaY. (L, K.) : see suw~aAxaY. swd , aor. yasuwdu, inf. n. siyaAdapN (Msb, TA) and suwdN and suwdadN [and its vars. mentioned in the next sentence] and sayoduwdapN, (TA,) or suwdadN is a simple subst. signifying as expl. below, (Msb,) He was, or became, [a say~id, i. e. chief, lord, master, &c.; or] possessed of glory, honour, dignity, eminence, exalted or elevated state, or nobility. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [It is also trans.:] you say, saAda qawomahu, (S, M, * A,) aor. yasuwduhumo, (S, A,) inf. n. siyaAdapN (S, M, K *) and suwdN (M, K *) and suwdadN, (S, M, A, K *) in which last the [final] d is added to render the word quasi-coordinate to words of the measure fuEolalN, as junodabN and buroqaEN, (S,) and suwdudN and suw^odadN (M, TA *) and suw^odudN, (M, K, *) of the dial. of Teiyi, (M,) and sayoduwdapN, (S, M,) He was, or became, the say~id [or chief, lord, master, &c.,] of his people; (S;) [he ruled his people, or held dominion over them;] and ↓ AisotaAdahumo signifies the same. (M, L.) And saAdahu, inf. n. siyaAdapN and siyaAdN and suwdadN [&c.], He exercised rule, or dominion, over him. (MA.) [See also suwdadN below.] ― -b3- [Hence,] saAdato naAqatiY AlmaTaAyaA (tropical:) My she-camel left behind the [other] camels or beasts. (A, TA.) ― -b4- saAwadaniY fasudotuhu: see 3. -A2- sawida and saAda as syn. with Aisowad~a: see this last, in three places. -A3- saAdahu as syn. with saAwadahu: see this latter. -A4- saAda, aor. yasuwdu, also signifies He drank water such as is termed masowadap, which occasions a disease termed suwaAdi. (M, K.) ― -b2- And siyda, (M,) or suy^ida, like EuniYa, (K,) He was, or became, affected with Als~uwaAd. (M, K. [In the former, the context indicates that this means here a disease that attacks the liver from eating dates: in the latter, that it here means a disease incident to sheep or goats.]) , [inf. n. tasowiydN,] His people made him a say~id [i. e. chief, lord, &c.; generally meaning over them]. (S, M, * A.) It is said in a trad. of 'Omar, tafaq~ahuwA qabola A^ano tusaw~aduwA, (M,) or ↓ tasaw~aduwA [for tatasaw~aduwA], (O,) meaning Learn ye knowledge, or science, before ye be [made] chiefs, looked at; for if ye learn not before that, ye will be ashamed to learn after becoming advanced in age, or attaining to full growth, (baEoda Alkibari,) and so will remain ignorant, taking it [i. e. knowledge] from the younger ones, and that will lower your estima- tion: (M:) or the meaning is, before ye be married, and become masters of houses, or tents, and be diverted by the marriage-state from [the acquisition of] knowledge, or science. (Sh, O.) [See also 5.] ― -b2- sw~d also signifies He slew: (Az, TA:) or [the inf. n.] tasowiydN signifies the slaying of saAdap [i. e. chiefs, lords, &c., pl. of say~idN]. (K.) ― -b3- [And accord. to the K, tasowiydN is also syn. with juroA^apN The being bold, daring, brave, or courageous: but accord. to the O, saw~ada signifies xariy^a He voided his excrement, or ordure; as though from what next follows: which of these two explanations is right (for it seems improbable that both are right) I find no ex. to indicate.] -A2- saw~adotuhu, (S, M, * TA,) or sw~dth biAls~awaAdi, inf. n. tasowiydN, (Msb,) I blackened it; made it, or rendered it, A^asowad [i. e. black]; (S, * M, Msb; *) I changed its bayaAD [or whiteness] to sawaAd [or blackness]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, sw~d wajohahu lit. He, or it, blackened his face: meaning (assumed tropical:) rendered his face expressive of sorrow, or displeasure; or grieved, or displeased, him: and also, disgraced him: see the contr. bay~aDa: and see also 9. ― -b3- Hence also sw~d meaning He wrote anything in a rough manner, as one writes the first draught, or original copy, of a book or the like; contr. of bay~aDa in this sense also: probably post-classical.] ― -b4- And s~wd AlA_ibila, (S, M, O,) inf. n. tasowiydN, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) He beat, or pounded, old worn-out hair-cloth, and applied it as a remedy to the galls, or sores, on the backs of the camels. (Fr, A'Obeyd, S, M, O, K. *) ― -b5- And saw~iduwA Dayofakumo (assumed tropical:) Feed ye your guest with something to allay the craving of his stomach before the morning-meal (AlgadaA='). (ElUmawee, TA in art. lhj.) ↓ saAwadaniY fasudotuhu (S, A, K, * &c.) He vied with me, or contended with me for superiority, in the rank, or quality, or qualities, of a say~id [or chief, lord, &c.], and I overcame, or surpassed, him therein: (S, A, L, K: *) -A2- and also He vied with me in blackness, and I surpassed him therein. (S, L, K. *) ― -b2- And sAwdhu, inf. n. siwaAdN, He met him in the blackness of the night. (M, L.) ― -b3- And saAwadotuhu, (S, A, O,) inf. n. siwaAdN (S, O, K *) and musaAwadapN, (S,) (tropical:) I spoke secretly with him; (S, A, O, K; *) because you bring near your sawaAd [or person] to his [when you so speak with another]; or [because] originally meaning I brought near my sawaAd, i. e. person, to his: (S:) or sAwdhu, inf. n. siwaAdN, signifies he spoke secretly with him, and so brought near his sawaAd to his [the other's]; as also ↓ saAdahu, inf. n. sawodN. (M.) It was said to the daughter of El-Khuss, Wherefore didst thou commit fornication? (S, O, L,) or What caused thee to commit fornication? or Wherefore didst thou become pregnant? (M, L,) thou being the mistress of thy people? (S, O, L:) and she answered, qurobu AlwisaAdi waTuwlu Als~iwaAdi, (S, M, O, L, [in my two copies of the S quroba and Tuwla, as though a verb were understood,]) i. e. [The nearness of the pillow, and the long continuance of] secret speaking with another: (Lh, M, L:) or, as some say, AlswAd here means the enticing to jimaAE: or, as others say, AljamaAE itself [if the question put to her were the last mentioned above]. (M, L.) ― -b4- sAwdhu also signifies (assumed tropical:) He acted deceitfully, or guilefully, with him: (K:) or he endeavoured to turn him [to a thing] by blandishment, or by deceitful arts; or to entice him; as shown above. (TA.) ― -b5- And (assumed tropical:) He drove him away; namely, a lion. (O, K.) ― -b6- And sAwdt AlA_ibilu Aln~abaAta (assumed tropical:) The camels laboured at the herbage with their lips, and could not master it, because of its shortness (O, K) and its scantiness. (K.) He begat a boy that was a say~id [or chief, lord, &c.]: (S, O, K:) or they signify, (O, K,) or signify also, (S,) he begat a black boy: (S, O, K:) or he had a black child born to him: (M:) and Aswdt she brought forth black children. (A.) He became married: (K:) or he became married, and master of a house, or tent. (Sh, O.) See 2, second sentence. see 1. ― -b2- AstAdwA baniY fulaAnK They slew the say~id [or chief, lord, &c.,] of the sons of such a one: (AZ, S, M, O, K:) or (so in the K, but in the S and O “ and in like manner ”) they took him captive: (S, O, K:) or they asked, or demanded, of him a woman in marriage. (IAar, S, M, O, K.) And AstAd Alqawoma, and fiY Alqawomi, and minohumo, He asked, or demanded, in marriage, a say~idap [or woman of rank or quality], among the people: (M:) or AstAd fiY baniY fulaAnK, and minohumo, he married one of the chief, or noble, women of the sons of such a one. (IAar, O.) And AstAd He married among saAdap [or chiefs, lords, &c.]. (L.) , (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. AisowidaAdN; (S, K;) and ↓ AswAd~, (S, M, K,) inf. n. AiswiydaAdN; (S, K;) and in poetry it is allowable to say ↓ AisowaA^ad~a, to avoid the concurrence of two quiescent letters; imperative [of ↓ the second] AisowaAdido, and the last two letters in this may be incorporated together [so that you may say AisowaAd~]; (S;) said of a thing; (S, Msb;) and ↓ sawida, (S, M, Msb,) said of a man, (S, TA,) and of a thing, (TA,) aor. yasowadu; (Msb;) and ↓ saAda, (M,) first pers. sudotu, a form used by some; (S;) It, and he, became A^asowad [i. e. black]: (S, M, Msb, K:) and ↓ AswAd~ it, or he, became intensely so. (TA.) Nuseyb says, falamo A^amoliko sawaAdiY wataHotahu ↓ sawidotu qamiySN mina AlquwhiY~i biyDN banaAy^iquho [I am black, (for Nuseyb was a slave,) and am not master of my person; but beneath it, or within it, is a shirt like the cloth of Koohistán, the gores of which are white: by this qmyS he means his heart; AlqamiySu, or qamiySu Alqalobi, tropically meaning “ the pericardium; ” and, by a synecdoche, “ the heart itself, with its appertenances ”]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Aswd~ wajohuhu [lit. His face became black: meaning] (tropical:) his face became expressive of grief, or sorrow, or displeasure, occasioned by fear [&c.]: (Bd in iii. 102:) he became grieved, sorrowful, or displeased; and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of shame, or in consequence of a deed that he had done (Bd in xvi. 60) [&c.: and often meaning he became disgraced]: opposed to AiboyaD~a. (Bd in iii. 102.) see 9, in three places. : see 9, first sentence. A safoH (M, K, TA) of a mountain, (M, TA,) [app. meaning, in this case, a low tract at the base, or foot, of a mountain,] forming a narrow strip of ground, (M, TA,) rough and black, (M,) or level, abounding with black stones, (K, TA,) which are rough, and the predominant colour whereof is blackness; seldom found but at a mountain in which is a mine: so says Lth: or a piece of ground in which are black rough stones resembling dry human dung: (TA:) or land, or ground, in which blackness predominates, which is seldom anywhere but at a mountain in which is a mine: (Msb:) pl. A^asowaAdN: (M, TA:) and ↓ sawodapN signifies a portion thereof; (M, Msb, K, TA;) and the pl. of this is sawodaAtN, and the pl. of sawodaAtN is ↓ A^asowaAdatN, which occurs in a trad. (TA.) : see suwdadN. a contraction of say~idN, q. v. : see art. syd : see sawodN ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) Land in which are palm-trees: opposed to bayoDapN. (TA in art. byD. [See also Als~awodaA=', voce A^asowadu, near the end.]) a subst. from saAda, inf. n. siyaAdapN; signifying [The rank, station, or condition, or the quality or qualities, of a say~id; i. e. chiefdom, lordship, mastery, &c.; or] glory, honour, dignity, (Msb,) or eminence, exalted or elevated state, or nobility: (M, Msb:) or this word, (S, M, K,) and its vars. suwdudN and suw^odadN (M, TA) and suw^odudN, (M, K,) of the dial. of Teiyi, (M,) and ↓ suwidN, (M, K,) are syn. with siyaAdapN (S, M, K) and sayoduwdapN as inf. ns. of saAda [q. v.]. (S, M.) fem. of A^asowadu [q. v.]. (Msb.) or suwdaAnapN: see suwdaAniy~apN. : see siydN, in art. syd. , (M, A, TA,) or sawodaAniy~apN, (Mgh, O,) and ↓ sawodaAnapN, (M, O,) or suwdaAnapN, with damm, like the first, (TA,) and ↓ sawaAdiy~apN (A, K) and ↓ A^asowadu (K) all signify the same; (TA;) A certain bird, that eats grapes: or i. q. EuSofuwrN [i. e. the sparrow; or a bird of the passerine kind]: (K:) or a certain small bird, (A, Mgh, O, TA,) having a long tail, (Mgh,) resembling the ESfwr, (TA,) sometimes (Mgh) called also ↓ AlEuSofuwru AlA^asowadu, (Mgh, O,) of such a size that it may be grasped in the hand, that eats grapes (A, Mgh, O, TA) and dates (A, TA) and locusts. (Mgh, O, TA.) Blackness; contr. of bayaADN; (M, Mgh;) a certain colour, (S, Msb,) well known. (Msb.) One says, laqiyahu fiY sawaAdi All~ayoli [He met him in the blackness of night]. (TA.) And Al$~aApu tamo$iY fiY sawaAdK wataA^okulu fiY sawaAdK watanoZuru fiY sawaAdK [The sheep, or goat, walks in blackness, and eats in blackness, and looks in blackness]; meaning the blackness of its legs and of its mouth and of what is around its eyes. (Mgh, * Msb.) And A_i*aA kavura AlbayaADu qal~a Als~awaAdu [When whiteness becomes much, blackness becomes little]; by whiteness meaning milk; and by blackness, dates. (TA.) ― -b2- Black clothing. (Mgh in art. byD. [See its contr. bayaADN.]) ― -b3- [Hence,] sawaAdu Alqalobi (S, M, A, K) and ↓ sawaAdatuhu (M) and ↓ A^asowaduhu and ↓ sawodaAw^uhu (S, M, K) and ↓ suwayodaAw^uhu, (S, M, A, K,) the last a dim., (TA,) The heart's core; the black, or inner, part of the heart: or a black thing in the heart: or the black clot of blood that is within the heart [resembling a piece of liver (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán ”)]: or the heart's blood: i. q. Hab~atuhu: (S, M, K, TA:) or, as some say, damuhu. (M, TA.) One says, AijoEalohumo fiY sawaAdi qalobika (A, TA) and ↓ suwayodaAy^ihi (A) (tropical:) [Place them in the inmost part of thy heart; i. e. give them the best, or most intimate, place in thy affections]. (A, TA.) ― -b4- sawaAdu AlbaToni signifies The liver. (L, TA.) ― -b5- sawAdN is also syn. with $axoSN (tropical:) [as meaning A person; and also, in a more general sense, a bodily, or corporeal, form or figure or substance]; (A'Obeyd, S, M, A, Msb, K;) of a man, and of other things; (Msb;) expressly said by A'Obeyd to be of any article of household goods or utensils and furniture and the like, and of other things: (M:) because appearing black when seen from a distance: (TA:) pl. A^asowidapN and A^asaAwidu, (S, M, A,) the latter a pl. pl. (S, M.) El-Asshà says, tanaAhayotumu Ean~aA waqado kaAna fiykumu A^asaAwidu SaroEaY lamo yuwas~ado qatiyluhaA [Ye refrained from retaliating upon us when there were among you prostrate persons the slain whereof had not been pillowed in graves]: by the AsAwd meaning the $uxuwS of the slain. (S.) And it is said in a trad., A_i*aA raA^aY A^aHadukumo sawaAdFA bilayolK falaA yakuno A^ajobana Als~awaAdayoni faA_in~ahu yaxaAfuka kamaA taxaAfuhu [When any one of you sees a bodily form, or a person, by night, let him not be the more cowardly of the two bodily forms, or persons; for he feareth thee, like as thou fearest him]: swAdA here meaning $axoSFA. (L.) The saying laA yuzaAyilu sawaAdiY bayaADaka is expl. by As as meaning laA yuzAyilu $axoSiY $axoSaka [i. e. My person will not separate itself from thy person]: sawaAdN, with the Arabs, meaning $axoSN, and in like manner bayaADN. (IAar, L.) [Hence, app.,] qaAla liYa Al$~ar~u A^aqimo sawaAdaka [as though lit. signifying Evil said to me, Erect thy person]; meaning (assumed tropical:) be thou patient: a prov. (TA.) ― -b6- As its pl. A^asaAwidu means the $uxuwS of the vessels of a house, [accord. to the statement of A'Obeyd cited above,] such as the miToharap and the A_ij~aAnap and the jafonap, these being called A^asaAwidu Ald~aAri, it is also used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Household goods or utensils or furniture and the like, absolutely. (Har p. 495.) [And in like manner] the sing. is also used as meaning (assumed tropical:) The travelling-apparatus and baggage and train (vaqal) of a commander: (S:) and (assumed tropical:) the tents and apparatus and beasts and other things, collectively, of an army. (TA.) ― -b7- Also, the sing., (assumed tropical:) Property, or cattle, &c.; syn. maAlN: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) or much thereof; (A'Obeyd, S, K;) as in the saying lifulaAnK sawaAdN [To such a one belongs much property, &c.]. (A'Obeyd, S.) ― -b8- Also (tropical:) A collection, company, or collective body, of men; (M, A, L;) as in the saying kav~arotu sawaAda Alqawomi bisawaAdiY (tropical:) [I increased the number of the collective body of the people, or party, by my person]: (A, TA:) and ↓ A^FsowadaAtN and A^asaAwidu are used in the same sense; (M;) or [rather] as pls. of this meaning: (L, TA:) or all these as meaning (assumed tropical:) sundry, distinct or separate, sorts of men, or people: (M:) [but] sawaAdu Almusolimiyna means (assumed tropical:) the collective body of the Muslims: (Mgh, Msb:) and so Als~awaAdu AlA^aEoZamu, a tropical phrase [in which mina Almusolimiyna is understood]: (A:) or this means (tropical:) the great number of the Muslims agreed in obedience to the Imám. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) The commonalty, or generality, of men of people: (S, K:) (assumed tropical:) the bulk, or main part, of a people: (M, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) the greater number. (Msb.) And (assumed tropical:) A great number (S, Msb, K) of any kind. (S.) ― -b9- (assumed tropical:) A collection of palmtrees and of trees in general; on account of their greenness and blackness, because greenness nearly resembles blackness. (M, L.) ― -b10- And (tropical:) The rural district of any province; i. e. the district around the towns or villages, and the rasaAtiyq [i. e. districts of sown fields with towns or villages], of any province: (M, TA:) or the environs, consisting of towns, or villages, and of cultivated land, (A, TA,) [but more properly applied to the latter than to the former,] of a city, (A,) or of the chief city of a province: (TA:) or the towns, or villages, [but properly with the cultivated lands pertaining to them,] of a province of city: (K:) thus [particularly] of El-Koofeh and El-Basrah: (S, O:) hence, (A,) sawaAdu AlEiraAqi, (A, Mgh, O, Msb,) or [simply] Als~awaAdu, (K,) the district of towns or villages, and cultivated lands, of El- 'Irák; (O, K; *) or the district between ElBasrah and El-Koofeh, with the towns, or villages, around them; (A;) or extending in length from Hadeethet El-Mowsil to 'Abbádán, and in breadth from El-'Odheyb to Holwán; (Mgh;) so called because of the xuDorap [which means both greenness and a colour approaching to blackness] of its trees and its seed-produce; (Mgh, Msb;) for that which is A^axoDar the Arabs term A^asowad because it appears to be thus at a distance. (Msb.) Secret speech with another; as also siwaAdN: (M, K, TA:) each a subst. from saAwadahu, accord. to A'Obeyd: (M, TA:) but [ISd says,] in my opinion the latter is the inf. n. of saAwada, [and as such it has been mentioned above, (see 3,)] and the former is the simple subst., the two words being like muzaAHN and mizaAHN: (M:) As disallowed the former, but it is authorized by AO and others. (TA.) -A2- Also A certain disease incident to sheep or goats. (K.) ― -b2- And A certain disease incident to man; (K;) a pain that attacks the liver, in consequence of eating dates, and that sometimes, or often, kills. (M, TA.) ― -b3- And A yellowness in the complexion, and a greenness (xuDorap [app. here meaning a blackish hue inclining to greenness]) in the nail, (K, TA,) incident to people from [drinking] salt water. (TA.) , (S, M, K, &c.,) of the measure faEiylN; [originally sawiydN, for a reason to be mentioned below; the kesreh upon the w, being deemed difficult of pronunciation, is suppressed, and the quiescent w and Y thus coming thgether, the latter receives the rejected kesreh, and the w is changed into Y and incorporated into the augmentative Y; as in the case of jay~idN with those who hold it to be originally jawiydN;] or, accord. to the Basrees, it is of the measure fayoEilN; [originally sayowidN;] (S;) and also ↓ sayodN; (Mz, 40th nwE, section on the class of hay~inN and hayonN;) A chief, lord, or master: (M, L, Mgh, Msb: [accord. to the last of which, this is a secondary signification, as will be seen below:]) a prince, or king: (Fr, L:) one who is set before, or over, others: a master of a household: (L:) a woman's husband: (Fr, M, Msb:) a possessor, an owner, or a proprietor: (L, Msb:) a slave's master, or owner: (Fr, M, Msb:) a superior in rank or station or condition; one possessing pre-eminence or excel-lence; a man of rank or quality; a personage; a man of distinction: (L:) one who surpasses others in intelligence and property, and in repelling injury, and in beneficence, or usefulness, who makes a just use of his property, and aids others by himself: (ISh, L:) one possessed of glory, honour, dignity, eminence, exalted or elevated state, or nobility; (L, Msb; [accord. to the latter of which, this is the primary signification;]) generous, noble, or high-born: (L:) the most generous, noble, or high-born, of a people: (Msb:) a liberal, bountiful, or munificent, person: (Fr, L:) clement; forbearing; one who endures injurious treatment from his people: (L:) devout, abstaining from unlawful things, and clement, or forbearing: (Katádeh, L:) one who is not overcome by his anger: ('Ikrimeh, L:) accord. to As, the Arabs say that it signifies any one who is subdued, or repressed, by his principle of clemency, or forbearance: (L:) and ↓ saAy^idN signifies the same as say~idN: or one inferior to a say~id: (K:) or, accord. to Fr, one says, h`*aA say~idu qawomihi Alyawoma [this is the lord, &c., of his people today]; but if you announce that he will be their sy~d after a little while, you say huwa saAy^idu qawomihi Eano qaliylK, and say~idu: (S:) the fem. of say~idN [and of ↓ saAy^idN] is with p: (M, L, Msb:) pl. of say~idN, (S, Msb,) or of ↓ saAy^idN, (M, K,) saAdapN (S, M, Msb, K) and sayaAy^idu (S, K) and [pl. of saAdapN] saAdaAtN: (Msb:) [J says that] saAdapN is of the measure faEalapN, [orinally sawadapN,] because say~idN is of the measure faEiylN; [as has been before mentioned;] and it is like saraApN as pl. of sariY~N, the only other instance of the kind; this being shown to be the case by the fact that say~idN has also as a pl. sayaAy^idu, with ', [and with the w changed into Y because it is so changed in the sing.,] like as A^afiylN has A^afaAy^ilu, and like as tabiyEN has tabaAy^iEu; but the Basrees, who hold say~idN to be of the measure fayoEilN, say that it becomes of the measure faEalapN in the pl. as though it were saAy^idN, like qaAy^idN, which has qaAdapN as a pl., and like *aAy^idN, which has *aAdapN as a pl.; and they also say that sayaAy^idu, with ', as pl. of say~idN, is contr. to analogy; for by rule it should be without '. (S.) ― -b2- [In the present day it is also particularly applied to signify, like $ariyf, Any descendant of the Prophet.] ― -b3- One of the poets has used it in relation to the jinn, or genii; saying, yanodubona say~idahun~apo jin~N hababona bilayolK [Genii that were roused from their sleep by night, summoning, or perhaps bewailing and eulogizing their chief]: Akh says that this is a well-known verse of the poetry of the Arabs: but it is asserted by one, or more, likewise deserving of reliance, that it is of the poetry of El-Weleed [and therefore post-classical]. (M.) ― -b4- And the wild ass is called (assumed tropical:) the say~id of his female. (TA.) ― -b5- Also, (Ks, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ siy~adN, (K,) the latter on the authority of Aboo-'Alee, (TA,) applied to a he-goat, (assumed tropical:) Advanced in years: (Ks, S, M; Mgh, Msb, K:) or in its third year: (Mgh:) or great, though not advanced in years: (TA:) or it is of general application, for it occurs in a trad. applied to the camel and the ox-kind. (M, TA.) ― -b6- And the former also signifies (assumed tropical:) What is most eminent, exalted, or noble, of any things: and is applied by Zj to the Kur-án, because, he says, it is say~idu AlkalaAmi (assumed tropical:) [The paragon of speech]. (M.) : see the last sentence but one above. the abbreviated dim. of A^asowadu: (S, Mgh, Msb:) see the latter. ― -b2- Also [as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] Water; (M, Mgh, L;) as also ↓ A^asowadu: (M: [but see AlA^asowadaAni, voce A^asowadu:]) the former is [said to be] used in this sense in negative phrases only: (M, L:) one says, maAsaqaAhumo mino suwayodK qaTorapF He gave them not to drink a drop of water. (M, Mgh, * L.) ― -b3- A^um~u suwayodK means The anus; syn. AlAisotu; (K;) [and] so ↓ Als~uwayodaA='u. (M.) : see sawaAdN, near the beginning of the paragraph. [or perhaps sawaAdiY~N, i. e. “ belonging to the Sawád of El-'Irák, ”] i. q. sihoriyzN (M) A wellknown sort of dates, (K voce shryz,) found in abundance at El-Basrah. (TA ibid.) : see suwdaAniy~apN. dim. of suwodaA='u, fem. of A^asowadu, q. v.: (Mgh:) ― -b2- see also sawaAdN, in two places: ― -b3- and suwayodN: ― -b4- and A^asowadu, near the end of the paragraph. ― -b5- Also A certain bird. (M.) ― -b6- And Salt tracts (sibaAx) of [plants of the kind called] najiyl: Kr explains it by nibotapN [app. a mistranscription for nabotapN a plant]; without describing it. (M.) : see say~idN, in the middle of the paragraph, in three places. Greater, and greatest, in respect of estimation, rank, or dignity; syn. A^ajal~u: (S, K:) and, as some say, more [and most] liberal or bountiful or munificent: or more [and most] clement or forbearing. (TA.) One says, huwa A^asowadu mino fulaAnK He is greater &c. (A^ajal~u) than such a one. (S.) And AlA^asowadu mina Alqawomi means The greatest &c. (AlA^ajal~u) of the people, or party. (K, TA.) -A2- Also Black; i. e. having sawaAd, (M, * Mgh,) which is the contr. of bayaAD: (M, Mgh:) and ↓ A^asowadiY~N signifies the same as A^asowadu: (Ham p. 379:) [or has an intensive signification, like A^aHomarY~N:] the fem. of A^asowadu is sawodaA='u: (Mgh, Msb:) the dim. of A^asowadu is ↓ A^usay~idu, (S, Msb,) and it is allowable to say ↓ A^usayowidu, [as is shown by an ex. voce A^asak~u,] meaning [a little black thing; or blackish, or] approaching to black; (S;) and the abbreviated dim. is ↓ suwayodN: (S, Mgh, Msb:) the dim. of sawodaA='u is ↓ suwayodaA='u: (Mgh:) the pl. of A^asowadu (M, Msb) and of sawodaA='u (Msb) is suwdN (M, Msb) and suwdaAnN [which latter is especially applied to human beings]. (M.) Als~uwdaAnu is said in the R to denote [The negroes;] that particular people, or race, who are the most stinking of mankind in the armpits and sweat, and the more so those who are eunuchs. (TA.) [It (i. e. AlswdAn) is also sometimes used for A^aroDu Als~uwdaAni, or bilaAdu Als~uwdaAni, (The land, or the country, of the negroes,) or the like: it is thus used in the TA voce samogarapu.] And the epithet A^asowadu is also applied by the Arabs to a thing that is A^axoDar [i. e. green]; because it appears to be thus at a distance. (Msb. [See A^axoDaru: and see HadiyqapN dahomaA='u and mudohaAm~apN, voce A^adohamu.]) ― -b2- [Hence,] A^asowadu Alqalobi and sawodaA=w^uhu: see sawaAdN. ― -b3- [And Als~awodaA='u The black bile; one of the four humours of the body; of which the others are the yellow bile (AlS~aforaA='u), the blood (Ald~amu), and the phlegm (Albalogamu).] ― -b4- A^asowadu as opposed to A^aHomaru [and meaning The Arab race, and also, accord. to some, in this case also, the black]: see A^aHomaru, in two places. ― -b5- As applied to a certain bird: see suwdaAniy~apN, in two places. ― -b6- Also, as a subst., (S,) or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, (Sh, M,) so that it is used as a subst., (Sh, TA,) but imperfectly decl., (TA,) (tropical:) A great serpent, (S, M, K,) in which is blackness: (S, M:) the worst and greatest and most noxious of serpents, than which there is none more daring, for sometimes it opposes itself to a company of travellers, and follows the voice, and it is that which seeks retaliation, and he who is bitten by it will not escape death: (Sh, TA:) it is pluralized as a subst., (Sh, S, M,) its pl. being A^asaAwidu (S, M) and A^asaAwiydu and ↓ A^asowadaAtN: (M:) were it an epithet [used as such], its pl. would be suwdN: it is also called A^asowadu saAliHN, because it casts off its slough every year: you do not say A^asowadu saAlixK: (S:) the female is called ↓ A^asowadapN, (S, M,) which is extr.; (M;) and to this the epithet saAlixapN is not applied. (S.) ― -b7- AlA^asowadaAni means (assumed tropical:) The serpent and the scorpion; (Sh, Mgh, Msb, K;) which are to be killed during prayer: (Sh, Mgh, Msb:) so called by the attribution of predominance [to the former]. (Sh, TA.) ― -b8- And (tropical:) Dates and water; (El-Ahmar, As, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) both together being thus called by a term which properly applies to one only, [accord. to some,] for [they say that] AlA^asowadu alone signifies dates, not water, and especially, or mostly, the dates of El-Medeeneh; and in like manner, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar together are called AlEumaraAni; and the sun and the moon together, AlqamaraAni: (TA:) or, as some say, it means water and milk; and is applied by a rájiz to water and the herb called Alfav~, of [the grain of] which bread is made, and is eaten [in time of dearth or drought]. (M, L.) See also suwayodN. ― -b9- Also (assumed tropical:) The Har~ap [or tract strewn with black and crumbling stones] and night: (S, M, L:) so called because of their blackness. (M, L.) A party came as guests to Muzebbid El-Medenee, and he said to them, “ There is nothing for you with us but the A^asowadaAni: ” and they replied, “ Verily therein is a sufficiency: dates and water: ” but he said, “ I meant not that: I only meant the Har~ap and the night. ” (S, M.) And as to the saying of 'Áïsheh, that she was with the Prophet when they had no food, but only the A^asowadaAni, which is expl. by the lexicologists as meaning dates and water, [and thus by Mtr in the Mgh, ISd says,] in my opinion she only meant the Har~ap and night. (M.) ― -b10- huwa A^asowadu Alkabidi [lit. He is black-livered] means (tropical:) he is an enemy: (A, TA:) and suwdu AlA^akobaAdi means (tropical:) enemies. (M, A.) ― -b11- You say also, jaA='a fulaAnN biganamihi suwda AlbuTuwni, and, in like manner, Humora AlkulaY, both meaning (tropical:) Such a one brought his sheep, or goats, in a lean, or an emaciated, state. (As, S, and A in art. Hmr.) ― -b12- And ramaY bisahomihi AlA^asowadi (tropical:) He shot with his lucky arrow, (A, K,) that was smeared with blood, (A,) by means of which he looked for good fortune, (K, TA,) because he had shot with it and hit the object shot at, (TA,) or as though it were black (K, TA) with blood, (TA,) or by its having been much handled. (K, TA.) ― -b13- And kal~amotuhu famaA rad~a EalaY~a sawodaA='a walaA bayoDaA='a (tropical:) I spoke to him, and he did not return to me a bad word nor a good one: (S, L:) or a single word. (A.) ― -b14- waToA^apN sawodaA='u means (assumed tropical:) A footstep, or footprint, that is becoming effaced: a recent one is termed HamoraA='u. (S.) ― -b15- Als~awodaA='u (assumed tropical:) Cultivated, or planted, land; opposed to AlbayoDaA='u [q. v.]. (TA in art. byD [See also sawodapN.]) ― -b16- [But sanapN sawodaA='u means (assumed tropical:) A very severe year; more severe than such as is termed HamoraA='u; which is more severe than the bayoDA=', and still more so than the $ahobaA=': see arts. $hb and Hmr.] ― -b17- AlHab~apu Als~awodaA='u, said in a trad. to be a remedy for every disease except death, (TA,) i. q. Al$~uwniyzu [q. v.], (K,) as also ↓ Als~uwayodaA='u, (TA,) [i. e.] this latter signifies Hab~apu Al$~uwniyzi, (M,) or properly Al$~iyniyz, for thus the Arabs called it accord. to IAar: or, as some say, i. q. AlHab~apu AlxaDoraA='u [q. v. in art. Hb], because the Arabs [often] call black A^axoDar, and green A^asowad. (TA.) -A3- It is also used as an epithet denoting excess; but as such is anomalous, being formed from a verb whence the simple epithet is of the measure A^afoEalu: so in the saying, A^asowadu mino Halaki AlguraAbi [Blacker than the blackness, or intense blackness, of the crow, or raven: see HalakN]. (I'Ak p. 237. [See also its contr. A^aboyaDu, voce bayaADN; and see Har p. 286.]) fem. of A^asowadu, q. v., used as a subst. (S, M.) : see sawodN: ― -b2- and sawaAdN: ― -b3- and A^asowadu. : see A^asowadu, fourth sentence. , rel. n. of A^usay~idu with the movent Y rejected, Of, or relating to, [a blackish colour, or] a colour approaching to black. (S.) and A^usayowidu: see A^Fsowadu, fourth sentence. , A skin for clarified butter, or for honey. (TA in this art. [See also art. msd; and see misoA^adN, in art sA^d.]) One over whom rule, or dominion, is exercised; or of whom another is say~id [or chief, lord, master, &c.]. (TA.) [act. part. n. of A^asowada, q. v.:] with p, i. e. musowidapN, A woman who brings forth black children: the contr. is termed muboyiDapN, (Fr, K in art. byD,) or, more commonly, muwDiHapN. (O and TA in that art.) Water that is a cause of [the disease called] suwaAd (M, K, TA) to such as drink it. (TA.) , in the Kur [xvi. 60 and xliii. 16], means (assumed tropical:) [His face becomes, or continues, or continues all the day,] expressive of sorrow, or displeasure. (Mgh. [See the verb, 9.]) And A^ay~aAmN musowad~apN means (assumed tropical:) [Days of] evil state or condition, and hardness, or difficulty, of living. (Har p. 304.) ― -b2- [musowad~apN The first draught, or original copy, of a book, or the like: (not called musaw~adapN:) opposed to muboyaD~apN, q. v.: probably postclassical.] Guts (muSoraAn) containing blood drawn by venesection from a she-camel, bound at the head, roasted and eaten. (IAar and K as expl. by MF.) The partisans of the dynasty of the 'Abbásees; [so called because they made their clothes black;] opposed to the mubay~iDap. (S and K in art. byD.) part. n. of suy^idu. (K. [See 1, last signification.]) swr , aor. yasuwru, (S, M, K,) inf. suw^uwrN, (S,) or saworN, (M,) or both, (K,) or saworapN, (Mgh,) [but this last is an inf. n. of un.,] He leaped or sprang, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) A_ilayohi to, or towards, him, (S, M, K,) and Ealayohi upon him. (A.) ― -b2- He leaped, or sprang, [or committed an assault, upon another,] like as he does who behaves in an annoying manner towards his cup-companion in his intoxication. (TA. [See also 3.]) ― -b3- [Hence,] saAra Al$~araAbu fiY raA^osihi, (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. saworN and suw^uwrN (M, K) and suwuwrN, agreeably with the root, (M,) and suwaArN, (TA,) (tropical:) [The wine assaulted, or rushed into, his head]: (A:) [or] the wine circulated in his head, and rose into it: (M, K:) or saAra Al$~araAbu, inf. n. saworN and saworapN, the wine had an overpowering influence upon the head: (Msb:) and saArato fiyhi Humay~aA AlkaA^osi the force or overpowering influence, (saworap,) [or fumes,] of the cup of wine mounted, or rose, to his head, or into his head. (TA in art. HmY.) ― -b4- And sAr, aor. as above, (assumed tropical:) He was angry. (Msb.) ― -b5- sAr, aor. as above, inf. n. saworN, also signifies He (a man) rose, or became elevated. (M.) surotu A_ilayohi fiY A^aEaAliY Als~uwri means I rose to him [upon the upper, or uppermost, parts of the wall of the city or town &c.]. (TA.) ― -b6- And one says to a man, surosuro [Rise thou, rise thou, to eminence,] in enjoining aspiration to the means of acquiring eminence, or nobility: (IAar, K, * TA:) from surotu AlHaAy^iTa, meaning I ascended, or mounted, upon the wall. (TA.) ― -b7- See also 5, in two places. -A2- suwrabihi: see 2 in art. syr. [sw~r, inf. n. tasowiyrN, He walled a city or town &c. (See 2 in art. xfr.)] ― -b2- See also 5. -A2- And saw~arotuhu, [inf. n. as above, (see an ex. voce dahoqana,)] I put upon him [or decked him with] the siwaAr [or bracelets; or I decked him with bracelets]. (S.) signifies The leaping, or springing, of two antagonists, each upon the other, or their assaulting, or assailing, each other, in mutual fight. (Har p. 329.) ― -b2- And sAwrhu, (S, M, K,) inf. n. musaAwarapN and siwaArN, (M, K,) He leaped, or sprang, upon him; he assaulted, or assailed, him; syn. waAvabahu. (S, M, K.) You say, AlHay~apu tusaAwiru Alr~aAkiba [The serpent springs upon, or assaults, the rider]. (A.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, fakidotu A^usaAwiruhu fiY AlS~alaApi, meaning And I was near to leaping upon him, or assaulting him, and fighting him, during prayer. (TA.) [See also 1.] You say also, saAwaratoniY Alhumuwmu (tropical:) [Anxieties assaulted, or assailed, me]. (A.) ― -b3- Also i. q. A^axa*a biraA^osihi [which, as it is mentioned immediately after saw~aArN in the last of the senses assigned to that word below, is app. said of speech, or language, meaning (assumed tropical:) It had an overpowering influence upon his head]. (M, K.) He ascended, or mounted, upon it; (namely, a wall;) as also ↓ saArahu, inf. n. saworN: (TA:) he climbed, ascended, or scaled, it, (namely, a wall,) like a thief; (IAar, S, * M, A, * K, * TA;) as also tsw~r Ealayohi; (M;) and ↓ saArahu, inf. n. as above: (K:) and he climbed, or ascended, and took, it; as also tsw~r Elyh, and ↓ sw~rhu: (TA: [this last from a trad., in which, however, the verb is, in my opinion, probably mistranscribed:]) he climbed, or ascended, its suwr [or wall]. (Bd in xxxviii. 20.) -A2- And tsw~r He put on himself [or decked himself with] the siwaAr [or bracelet; or he decked himself with bracelets]. (S.) signifies The leaping, or springing, one with [or upon] another. (KL. [See also 3.]) ― -b2- And tasaAwarotu lahaA means rafaEotu lahaA $axoSiY [I raised, or elevated, my person to her, or it, or them; or stretched myself up &c.; like taTaAwalotu]. (TA.) : see AisotaraY in art. srw, from which it is formed by transposition. The wall of a city [or town &c.]: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) [properly] masc.; but Ibn-Jurmooz, in a verse, makes it fem., because it is a part of the madiynap: (M:) pl. A^asowaArN (S, M, Msb, K) and siyraAnN. (S, K.) ― -b2- And The upper, or uppermost, part of the head; occurring in a trad., as some relate it; or, accord. to others, it is ↓ suwrap; or $uw^uwn, which is said by some of the later authors to be the reading commonly known. (TA.) -A2- See also suwrapN, in three places. -A3- And see siwaArN. -A4- Also An entertainment of a guest or guests; (K;) a repast to which people are invited: (Abu-l-'Abbás, TA:) a Pers. word, honoured by the Prophet; (K;) i. e. by his saying to his companions, as is related in a trad., quwmuwA faqado SanaEa jaAbirN suwrFA [Arise ye, for Jábir has made an entertainment, or a repast]. Abu-l-'Abbás, TA.) -A5- [It is also the name of A species of fig, called by Forskål (Flora Aegypt. Arab., pp. cxxiv. and 180,) ficus sur, (not “ mimosa sur, ” as in Freytag's Lex.,) observed by him at Jubleh, in El-Yemen.] A leap, or spring. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) The assault of wine upon the head; or its rush into the head: and in like manner, the assault, or rush, of venom, such as that of the scorpion: (S:) or the force, or strength, of wine &c.; (M, K, Msb, and MF voce Had~N;) as also ↓ suwaArN; (M, K;) and in like manner, of hunger: (Msb:) the overpowering influence of wine upon the head: (Msb:) or ↓ suwaArN signifies the creeping of wine in the head: and saworapN is said to signify the assault, or force, or intoxicating operation, or overpowering influence upon the head, (Humay~aA,) produced by the creeping of wine, in, or through, the drinker: and in like manner, faraHK ↓ suwaAru means (assumed tropical:) a motion of joy like the creeping of wine in the head. (TA.) ― -b3- [(assumed tropical:) A paroxysm of fever. ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) An ebullition, a fierceness, or an impetuousness, of anger; as when] one says A_in~a ligaDabihi lasaworapF (assumed tropical:) [Verily his anger has an ebullition, a fierceness, or an impetuousness]: (S:) [(tropical:) an outburst, or outbreak, of anger: and] (assumed tropical:) anger itself: [or (assumed tropical:) a fit of anger, or irritation:] pl. saworaAtN. (Msb.) ― -b5- [(assumed tropical:) The flush, or impetuosity, of youth: see Humay~aA.] ― -b6- Impetuousness in war. (A.) [It is said in the TA that fulaAnN *uwsaworapK fiY AlHarobi means *uw naZarK $adiydK, i. e. Such a one has strong inspection in war: but I think that naZarK is here a mistranscription for saTowK, i. e. impetuousness.] ― -b7- Violence, force, or oppression, and tyranny, of a Sultán: (S, K:) and might, or valour, (Msb, TA,) of a Sultán. (TA.) ― -b8- (assumed tropical:) Vehemence, or intenseness, of cold: (K:) or vehement, or intense, cold. (M.) You say, A^axa*atohu Als~aworapu (assumed tropical:) Intense cold seized him. (TA.) ― -b9- See also suwrapN. (tropical:) Eminence, or nobility: (S, A, K:) rank or station: (S, M, A, K:) or high, or exalted, rank or station: (Ibn-Es-Seed:) excellence: (A:) pl. suwarN and ↓ suwrN: [the latter of which is an anomalous pl.; or a coll. gen. n. of which suwrapN is the n. of un., as in another sense mentioned below:] (M:) and suwrapN, (M,) or ↓ saworapN, (K,) a mark, or sign, of glory, honour, dignity, or nobility; and height thereof. (M, K.) You say, lahu suwrapN fiY Almajodi (tropical:) He has eminence in glory. (A.) And lahu suwrapN Ealayoka (tropical:) He has superiority, and rank or station, over, or above, thee; he is of higher rank or dignity than thou. (A.) And suwaru AlA_ibili, (M,) [in the A suwarN mina AlA_ibili,] or ↓ suworu AlA_ibili, (K,) means (assumed tropical:) The excellent ones of camels: (M, K:) sing. suwrapN, which, accord. to some, signifies hardy and strong. (M.) ― -b2- suwrapN also signifies What is goodly and tall, of structures. (M, K.) ― -b3- And The extremity (Had~) of anything. (IAar, TA.) ― -b4- See also suwrN. ― -b5- Also A row of stones or bricks of a wall: (L, K: in the L, EaraqN mino A^aEoraAqi AlHaAy^iTi: in the K, EaraqN mn Euruwqi AlHAy^T, or, as in the CK, EiroqN Alx:) any degree (manozilap) of a structure: (S:) pl. ↓ suwrN, (S, K,) [or this is a coll. gen. n.,] like as busorN is of busorapN, (S,) and suwarN. (K.) ― -b6- Hence its application in relation to the Kur-án, [to signify A chapter thereof,] because each of what are thus called forms one degree, or step, (S, M, * K,) distinct from another, (S, K,) or [leading] to another: (M:) or from the same word signifying “ eminence: ” (IAar:) or as being likened to the wall of a city: (B:) some pronounce it with hemz; (see art. sA^r;) but it is more common without: (TA:) pl. suwarN, (S, Msb,) and suwraAtN and suwaraAtN are also allowable. (S.) ― -b7- A sign, or token. (IAar, M, K.) You say, bayonahumaA suwrapN Between them two is a sign, or token. (IAar, M.) : see saworapN, in three places: -A2- and see what here follows. (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ suwaArN (M, Msb, K) and ↓ A_isowaArN (S, MF, and others) and ↓ A^usowaArN (M, K) A woman's bracelet, (S, * M, Msb, * K,) syn. qulobN, (M, K, [in the CK, erroneously, qalob,]) of silver or of gold; (Zj;) [and a man's bracelet also: see 2 and 5, and see also musaw~arN:] all arabicized, from the Pers. dstwAr [dasotowaAro or dasotawaAro or dasotuwaAro]: (B, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] of siwaArN, (S, M, Msb,) and of suwaArN, (M,) A^asowirapN, (S, M, Msb, K,) and (pl. pl., M) A^asaAwiru, (S, M, K,) accord. to Aboo- 'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà pl. of A_isowaArN, (S,) and A^asaAwirapN, (S, Msb, K,) also pl. of A_isowaArN or A^usowaArN, (M, TA,) or of A^asowarapN, or perhaps of A^asaAwiru; (S;) and (pl. of mult., M) ↓ suwrN, (M, Msb, K,) originally suwurN, like kutubN pl. of kitaAbN, (Msb,) and suw^uwrN, (K, [in a copy of the M suwurN,]) said by Sb to be used by poetic license. (M, TA.) is an epithet applied to a dog [as meaning Wont to spring or leap or assault]. (A.) ― -b2- And it signifies The lion; (TS, K;) because of his leaping, or springing; (TA;) as also ↓ musaAwirN. (TS, TA.) ― -b3- Also One who is wont to leap or spring upon another, or to assault him; (S;) who behaves in an annoying manner towards his cupcompanion in his intoxication; (S, A, Mgh;) who assaults [or insults] his cup-companion when he drinks. (TA.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) One into whose head wine quickly rises: (M, K:) as though it were he himself that rose. (M.) ― -b5- And (assumed tropical:) Speech, or language, that has an overpowering influence upon the head (Al~a*iY yaA^oxu*u biAlr~aA^osi). (M, K.) Height: so expl. by Th as used in the saying, kamaA tuHib~u fraxahaA AlHubaAraY A^uHib~uhu jub~FA lahu suw~aAraY [I love him with a love that has height (i. e. rising to a high degree), like as the bustard loves her young one]: meaning that the bustard is stupid, and, when she loves her young one, is excessive in stupidity. (M.) : see the next paragraph: -A2- and see also siwaArN. (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ A^usowaArN (S, M, K) The leader of the Persians; (M, A, Msb, K;) like the A^amiyr among the Arabs: (Msb:) or their greatest king: arabicized [from the Pers. suwaAro]: (TA: [but said in the A to be tropical:]) or a horseman of the Persians, (A 'Obeyd, S, TA,) who fights: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) or one who is firm on the back of his horse: (K:) or one who excels in sitting firmly on the back of his horse: (M:) or (so in the M, but in the A and K “ and ”) one who is skilful in shooting arrows: (M, A, K:) pl. A^FasaAwirapN (S, M, A, Msb, K) and A^asaAwiru; (M, K;) in the former of which the p is to compensate for the Y of the original form, which is A^asaAwiyru. (S.) ― -b2- See also AlxaDaArimapu. -A2- And see siwaArN. A leathern pillow, upon which one leans, or reclines; as also ↓ misowarapN: (M, K:) pl. masaAwiru. (TA.) : see what next precedes. [Decked with a bracelet or bracelets. And hence,] (tropical:) Made a king [or chief]. (A, TA. [See dahoqana.]) ― -b2- And The place of the bracelet; (M, K;) like as muxad~amN signifies the “ place of the xadamap. ” (M.) : see saw~aArN. sws , aor. yasuwsu, (A, Mgh,) inf. n. siyaAsapN, (TA,) He managed, or tended, the beasts, (qaAma EalayohaA,) and trained them. (Mgh, TA.) [And saAsa AlmaAla He managed, or tended, the camels or other property. See saAy^isN.] ― -b2- Hence, (Mgh,) saAsa Alr~aEiy~apa, aor. and inf. n. as above, (S, A, * Mgh, K, &c.,) (tropical:) He ruled, or governed, the subjects; presided over their affairs as a commander, or governor, or the like; (S, * Mgh;) he commanded and forbade them. (A, K.) And saAsuwhumo, inf. n. sawosN, (tropical:) They were, or became, heads, chiefs, commanders, or the like, over them. (TA.) One says, fulaAnN mujar~abN qadosaAsa wasiysa Ealayohi (S, K) (tropical:) [Such a one is experienced: he has ruled and been ruled: or] he has commanded and been commanded: (S:) or he has taught and been taught; or has disciplined and been disciplined. (K.) ― -b3- saAsa AlA^amora, aor. as above, inf. n. siyaAsapN, (tropical:) He managed, conducted, ordered, or regulated, the affair; syn. db~rhu, (Msb,) and qaAma bihi: (M, Msb, TA:) siyaAsapN signifies the managing a thing (qiyaAmN EalaY $aYo'K) in such a manner as to put it in a right, or proper, state. (TA.) [Used as a simple subst., the inf. n. may be rendered Management, rule, government, or governance.] -A2- saAsa, (S, M, A, K,) aor. yasaAsu, (S, M, K,) and yasuwsu, (Kr, M,) inf. n. sawasN, (M,) or sawosN; (Ibn- 'Abbád, K;) and sawisa, aor. yasowasu; (K, TA; but the aor. is omitted in the CK;) or saAsa, aor. yasuwsu, inf. n. sawosN and saAsN; and saAsa, aor. yasowasu, inf. n. sawasN; (Msb;) and siysa; (Yoo, K;) and ↓ A^asaAsa; and ↓ saw~asa; (S, M, A, Msb, K; but the last is omitted in the TA;) and ↓ AstAs; and ↓ tsw~s; (M, TA;) It (wheat, or other food, [&c.,]) had in it, or became attacked by, [the grub called] suws; [the grub called] suws fell upon it, or into it. (S, M, * A, * Msb, K, * TA.) One says also, saAsati Al$~ajarapu, aor. tasaAsu, inf. n. siyaAsN; and ↓ AsAst; [The tree had in it, or became attacked by, the grub called suws.] (AHn, M, TA. *) And saAsati Al$~aAopu, aor. tasaAsu, (S, M, K,) inf. n. sawosN, (S, K,) or sawasN; (M;) and ↓ AsAst, (S, M, K,) inf. n. AsaAsapN; (TA;) The sheep, or goat, abounded with qml. (AZ, S, M, K. [In a copy of the S and in one of the K, I find quml: in another of the S and another of the K, and in the CK, and in a copy of the M, qamol: the right reading apears to be qum~al; for this last word is said by some to be syn. with suws.]) You also say, when you are gradually perishing by reason of grief, (A_i*aA tahaAlakota gam~FA,) EaZomiY wadaw~ada laHomiY ↓ saw~asa (tropical:) [My bone has bred grubs, and so my flesh]. (A.) ― -b2- sawisati Ald~aAb~apu, inf. n. sawasN, The beast was attacked by the disease termed sawasN [q. v. infrà]. (TK.) (tropical:) They made him, or appointed him, ruler, or governor, over them; (M, * TA;) as also ↓ AsAswhu. (TA.) ― -b2- suw~isa Alr~ajulu A^umuwra Aln~aAsi, (S, K,) or A^amora Aln~aAsi, (as in the TA,) or A^amora qawomihi, (A,) (tropical:) The man was made ruler of the affairs of the people; (S;) [or of the affairs of his people, accord. as the phrase is given in the A:] or was made king. (K.) Accord. to a relation of a verse of El-Hotei-ah, he uses the expression saw~asota A^mora baniyka [as though meaning Thou hast ruled the affairs of thy sons]; but Fr says that saw~asota is a mistake. (S. [Thus I find it in one copy of the S: but in another copy of the S, I find saw~asoti, which is clearly wrong; and in the TA, suw~isota, which Fr can hardly be supposed to have disallowed.]) ― -b3- saw~asa lahu A^amorFA (assumed tropical:) He made an affair easy to him; syn. ruw~aDahu and *al~alahu. (TA.) You say, saw~asa fulaAnN lahu A^amorFA farakibahu (assumed tropical:) [Such a one made an affair easy to him, or, perhaps, commended it to him by making it seem easy, and so he embarked in it, or undertook it]: like as you say, saw~ala lahu, and zay~ana lahu. (AZ, K. *) ― -b4- sw~s AlmaroA^apa He slit the vulva of the woman. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, in two places. see 2: -A2- and see 1, in three places. see 1. see 1. : see suwsN. ― -b2- Also A canker, or corrosion, (qaAdiHN,) in a tooth: (AZ, K:) without and without teshdeed. (AZ.) -A2- And A tooth that has been eaten, or corroded: (L, K, * TA:) originally saAy^isN; like haArN and haAy^irN. (K.) ― -b2- See also masuwsN, in two places. [The grub, or larva of the phalæna tinea and of the curculio; i. e. the moth-worm and the weevil;] the kind of worm that attacks wool (S, A, K) and cloths (TA) and wheat or other food: (S, TA:) and with p, [a n. un.,] i. q. Euv~apN; (Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ saAsN; (TA;) i. e., a worm that attacks wool and cloths (Mgh, Msb) and wheat or other food: (Mgh:) and suwsN, the kind of worm (M, Msb) called Euv~N, (M,) that eats grain (M, Msb) and wood: (Msb:) n. un. with p: (M, Msb:) and any eater of a thing is termed suwsuhu, whether worm or other thing. (M.) One says, AlEiyaAlu suwsu AlmaAli (assumed tropical:) [The persons who compose a household are the grubs of property]: i. e., they consume it by little and little like as suws consume grain, which can scarcely be cleared of them when they attack it. (Msb.) -A2- [The licoriceplant; so called in the present day;] a kind of tree, (AHn, M, K,) or plant, (Mgh,) well known, (Mgh, K,) with which houses are covered above the roofs, (AHn, M, Mgh,) the expressed juice of which is an ingredient in medicine, (AHn, M,) the leaves of which are put into [the beverage called] nabiy*, and make it strong like [the strong drink called] daA*iY~, (Mgh,) in the roots of which is sweetness (AHn, M, K) intense in degree, (AHn, M,) and in its branches is bitterness, (AHn, M, K,) and it abounds in the countries of the Arabs: (AHn, M:) or a kind of tree that grows in leaves without twigs: (M:) or a certain herb resembling [the species of trefoil called] qat~. (TA.) [The root is vulgarly called, in the present day, Eiroq suws: and so is a strong infusion prepared from it, which is a very pleasant drink: and its inspissated juice is called rub~ Als~uws.] -A3- Nature; natural disposition: (S, M, A, K:) and origin. (S, A, K.) One says, AlfaSaAHapu mino suwsihi (S, M) Chasteness of speech, or eloquence, is [a quality] of his nature. (S.) And Alkaramu mino suwsihi (Lh, M, A) Generosity is [a quality] of his nature. (A.) And fulaAnN mino suwsi SidoqK Such a one is of good origin. (S.) A certain disease in the rump of a horse or similar beast, (M, K, TA,) between the hip and the thigh, occasioning, as its result, weakness of the kind leg: (TA:) or a disease that attacks the beast in its legs. (M.) [See 1, last sentence.] A certain kind of tree: n. un. with p: (M, K:) AHn says, (M, TA,) on the authority of Aboo-Ziyád, (TA,) it is of the kind called EiDaAh, resembling the marox, having a pericarp like that of the mrx, (M, TA,) without thorns and without leaves, growing high; and persons shade themselves beneath it; one of the Arabs said that it is the same that is called ↓ sawaAsK (written with the article Als~awaAsiY); and AHn says, I asked him respecting it, and he said that this and the marox and the manoH all three resemble one another; (M;) and it is one of the best of materials used for producing fire, (Lth, * M, K, *) not giving a sound without emitting fire, (M,) or because it seldom gives a sound without emitting fire. (Lth, TA.) A certain disease in the necks of horses, rendering them rigid, (ISh, K, TA,) so that they die. (ISh, TA.) (with the article Als~awaAsiY): see sawaAsN. -A2- And for the same word, and sawaAsiwapN and sawaAsiyapN: see art. swY. [A groom, who has the care and management of a horse or horses or the like;] one who manages, or tends, beasts or horses or the like, and trains them: (TA:) pl. saAsapN and suw~aAsN. (A.) And saAy^isu maAlK [A manager, or tender, of camels or cattle or other property]. (K in art. AzY, &c.) ― -b2- [And hence,] (tropical:) A manager, a conductor, an orderer, or a regulater, of affairs: pl. as above. (M, TA.) A beast having the disease termed sawasN. (K.) [Freytag, misled by an ambiguity in the K, assigns to it a signification belonging to sawasN.] -A2- Also, [or A^asowasN, unless originally an epithet,] A kind of stone upon which is generated the salt called zahorapu A^asowas: the author of the “ Minháj ” says that this may be caused by the moisture and dew of the sea falling upon it. (TA in art. sys.) and ↓ musaw~asN, (TA,) or ↓ musaw~isN, [which is app. the more correct,] (S,) and ↓ saAsN, (M,) Wheat, or other food, attacked by [the grub called] suws: (M, TA:) and ↓ HinoTapN musaw~isapN wheat so attacked. (Mgh.) And A^aroDN masuwsapN and ↓ saAsapN [Land attacked by such grubs], (M, TA,) in like manner. (TA.) And ↓ $ajarapN musiysN [or musiysapN A tree containing, or attacked by, such grubs]. (TA.) And ↓ $aApN musiysN, (M,) or musiysapN, (TA,) A sheep, or goat, abounding with qml [i. e. qum~al: see 1, near the end of the paragraph]. (M, TA.) : see masuwsN, in two places. and musaw~isN: see masuwsN, in three places. swsn , (M, Msb, K,) like jawoharN [in measure], (Msb, K,) by the vulgar pronounced suwsanN, with damm to the first letter, (Msb, [and thus written in one of my copies of the S, in the other of those copies, and app. in most others, omitted,]) a Pers., or foreign, word, (A^aEojamiY~N,) current in the language of the Arabs, (M,) [i. e.] an arabicized word, [app. from the Pers. suwsano, in Hebr. שׁוּשַׁן,] (S,) [applied in the present day to The lily: and also the iris: and the pancratium: and app. to other similar flowers:] a certain plant, (M, Msb, K, *) of sweet odour, (K,) resembling what are called rayaAHiyn, with broad leaves, but not having an odour that diffuses itself like the ryAHyn; (Msb;) it is well known, and of many kinds, the sweetest of which is the white: (S: [but only, as mentioned above, in one of my two copies thereof:]) there is a wild kind; and the garden-kind is of two sorts, namely, the A=zaAd, which is the white, and the A_iyrisaA=', [i. e. the iris, in the CK, erroneously, AaborasA,] which is the A=somaAnojuwniY~, [i. e. azure-coloured, from the Pers. A=somaAno Guwno,] beneficial as a remedy against the dropsy, an attenuant of thick matters; and the A=zaAd is of a delicate, or subtile, nature, [so I here render laTiyfN, but it has other meanings,] beneficial as a remedy for cold disorders in the brain, a discutient of the thick kinds of flatus that collect therein; its A^aSol [app. here meaning root] is a detergent of the skin, discutient; and its leaves are beneficial as a remedy against the burning of hot water, and against the sting of venomous reptiles or the like, and particularly of the scorpion: the n. un. is with p. (K.) swT , [aor. yasuwTu,] (M,) inf. n. sawoTN, (S, M, K,) He mixed it, (S, M, K,) one part with another, (S,) and stirred it about, and beat it; (M;) as also ↓ sw~Thu, (M, K, *) inf. n. tasowiyTN: (K:) or sawoTN signifies the putting together two things in a vessel, then beating them with the hand until they become mixed: (Jm, K:) or, accord. to some, it relates particularly to a cooking-pot, when its contents are mixed: (M:) you say, saATa qidorahu biAlmisowaTi [he mixed, and stirred about, and beat, the contents of his cooking-pot with the misowaT, q. v.]: (TA:) but you say also, saATa Alhariysapa, and ↓ saw~aTahaA, he stirred about the [food called] hrysp with a piece of wood, in order that it might become mixed: (TA:) or ↓ sw~Thu signifies he mixed it much. (S.) ― -b2- [Hence,] siyTa Hub~uka bidamiY and mino damiY (assumed tropical:) [The love of thee is mixed with my blood]. (TA.) And huwa yasowTu AlA^amora (assumed tropical:) He turns over the affair [in his mind]. (TA.) And fulaAnN yasuwTu AlHaroba and ↓ yusaw~iTuhaA (assumed tropical:) Such a one superintends, manages, or conducts, in person, the war. (A, TA.) And fulaAnN A^umuwrahu ↓ saw~aTa, inf. n. as above, (S, TA,) (tropical:) Such a one rendered his affairs confused, or disordered, or perplexed: (TA:) and in like manner, raA^oyahu [his opinion]. (M.) And A^amorahu ↓ saw~aTa (tropical:) He created confusion, or disorder, in his affair, or case. (K, TA.) -A2- saATahu, (M,) aor. yasuwTu, (S,) inf. n. sawoTN, (M, K,) He whipped him; struck him with a sawoT; (S, M, K;) namely, a beast, and a man. (TA.) ― -b2- saAwaTaniY fasuTotuhu: see 3. see 1, in six places. -A2- saw~aTa Alkur~aAvu, (M, K,) inf. n. tasowiyTN, (K,) (tropical:) The leeks put forth their siyaAT [or seed-stalks: see sawoTN]. (M, K, TA.) ↓ saAwaTaniY fasuTotuhu, aor. of the latter A^asuwTuhu: thus mentioned by Lh, without any addition: app. meaning He acted roughly with me with his whip, or he contended with me therewith, and I overcame him [with my whip]: a mode of expression which is rare in relation to substances; rather relating to accidents, or attributes. (M.) 2, which is extr., [for by rule it should be AisotaATa,] It (a thing) was, or became, mixed. (M.) ― -b2- [Hence,] AisotawaTa Ealayohi A^amoruhu (tropical:) His affair, or case, was, or became, confused, or disordered, to him. (M, K, * TA.) [A whip;] a certain thing, (S, M,) namely, plaited skin, (Bd in lxxxix. 12,) [or a lash,] with which one beats, or strikes, (S, M,) well known; (Msb;) i. q. miqoraEapN: (K:) so called because it mixes the flesh with the blood (IDrd, M, K) when a man or a beast is struck with it; (IDrd, TA;) or because its several component parts are mixed together: (Bd, ubi suprà:) pl. [of pauc.] A^asowaATN and [of mult.] siyaATN: (S, M, Msb, K:) the latter originally siwaATN. (TA.) The saying Darabotu zayodFA sawoTFA means Darabotu zayodFA bisawoTK [I struck Zeyd with a whip]: (M, Msb: *) or it is one of those rare instances in which a prefixed n. is suppressed; being originally Darabotuhu Darobapa sawoTK [I struck him a stroke, or lash, of a whip], meaning DarobapF bisawoTK [a stroke, or lash, with a whip]: (M:) or DarobapF waAHidapF bisawoTK [one stroke, or lash, with a whip]. (Mgh.) One says also, Darabahu miAy^apa sawoTK [He struck him a hundred strokes, or lashes, of the whip]. (S and K in art. sHl.) ― -b2- In the Kur [lxxxix. 12], where it is said, faSab~a Ealayohimo rab~uka sawoTa Ea*aAbK, (S, Msb,) it signifies (tropical:) A portion, or share: (S, K:) or (S, Msb, but in the K, “ and ”) (tropical:) vehemence, or severity; (S, Msb, K;) as being likened to the paining of a whip; (Msb;) because punishment is sometimes with the sawoT; (S;) and this word is used by the Arabs to denote every kind of punishment when it is extreme, though there be in it no beating: (Fr:) [therefore,] the above-cited saying in the Kur means, (tropical:) [And thy Lord poured upon them a portion, or a share, or vehemence, or severity, of punishment: or it means,] a mixture; prepared for them, of various punishments: or it is designed to show that what befell them in the present world was, in comparison with what is prepared for them in the final state, like the whip in comparison with the sword: (Bd:) or the meaning is (assumed tropical:) a kind of punishment. (Jel.) [Agreeably with this last explanation, it is said that] the phrase humaA yataEaATayaAni sawoTFA waAHidFA means (tropical:) They two are agreed upon one mode: (A:) or the meaning is (tropical:) [they two enter, or plunge, into; or venture boldly upon, and do;] one thing, or affair; (S, and K; but wanting in one copy of the former; and in the latter, in the place of hmA is put mA;) i. e., one sort [of thing or affair]. (S.) ― -b3- [qiydu sawoTK The measure of a whip, i. e. a whip's length, is an astronomical measure, which seems, from several instances that I have noted, in the work of Kzw &c., to be the same as rumoHN is in modern usage; i. e. four degrees and a half, by rule; but, like the latter, not precise nor uniform in every instance.] ― -b4- [The pl.] siyaATN also signifies (tropical:) The seed-stalks of leeks; (TK;) the stalks, of leeks, upon which are the zamaAliyq thereof: (M, K:) so called as being likened to the syAT with which one strikes. (M.) ― -b5- And sawoTN signifies also (tropical:) A remaining portion (A, K) of water, (A,) or of a pool of water left by a torrent, (K, [in some copies of which Algadiyl is erroneously put for Algadiyr,]) extended like the sawoT [with which one strikes]: (A:) pl. siyaATN. (TA.) ― -b6- And (assumed tropical:) A place where water collects and stagnates: (K:) pl. A^asowaATN. (TA.) ― -b7- And (tropical:) A road, or track, of little width, between two elevations: pl. A^asoyaATN [or siyaATN?] and A^FsowaATN: so in the A: but some say $awoTN, q. v. (TA.) ― -b8- Also (assumed tropical:) A kind of tent, of [goats'] hair. (Ibn-El-Kelbee, TA voce bayotN, q. v.) ― -b9- And sawoTu baATilK (tropical:) Light entering from an aperture in a wall, in sunshine; (K, TA;) also termed xayoTu baATilK: but as some say, with $. (TA: and it is mentioned with $ in art. $wT in the S, and again in the K.) ; fem. with p: see masuwTN. The $uraTiY~ [or officer of the prefect of police] who has with him the sawoT [or whip]. (TA.) Mixed. (TA.) So in a trad. of 'Alee with Fátimeh, [in which the former expresses the intimacy of her union with him, as though they two were one person,] masuwTN laHomuhaA bidamiY walaHomiY (assumed tropical:) Her flesh is blended and mixed with my blood and my flesh. (TA.) You say also, A^amowaAluhumo bayonahumo ↓ sawiyTapN Their possessions are mixed among them; (AZ, S, K;) i. q. ↓ musotawTapN. (M.) : see what next follows. A thing with which one mixes a thing, (S, * M, K,) and stirs it about; (M;) i. e., a stick, or the like, used for that purpose; as also ↓ misowaTN. (K.) -A2- A horse that will not put forth his power of running unless by means of the whip; (Ibn-'Abbád and K; and so in a copy of the S, on the authority of AO, but omitted in another copy;) as though (TA) keeping it in store. (S, TA.) ; fem. with p: see masuwTN. swE , aor. tasuwEu, (S, K,) inf. n. sawoEN, (S,) The camels were left to themselves, (S, K,) without a pastor; (K;) as also sAEt with tasiyEu for its aor. and sayoEN for its inf. n. (Sh.) [He bargained with him for work by, or for, the hour,] is from Als~aAEapu, like muyaAwamapF from Alyawomu. (S, K. [See also the last sentence of the second paragraph of art. sEY.]) [It is added in the S, that neither of them is used otherwise than thus: but accord. to SM one says also,] sAwEhu, inf. n. siwaAEN, He hired him, or took him as a hireling, for the hour. (TA.) He left to himself, or itself, left alone, or neglected, and lost, or destroyed, him, or it. (K.) Er-Rághib says, [but why, I do not well see,] that the meaning of neglecting, or the like, is imagined as derived from Als~aAEapu. (TA.) You say, A^asaEotu AlA_ibila I left the camels to themselves, left them alone, or neglected them. (S.) And rub~a naAqapK tusiyEu waladahaA Hat~aY taA^okulahu Als~ibaAEu, meaning [Scarce, or many, a she-camel] leaves to itself, or leaves alone, or neglects, her young one [so that the beasts of prey devour it]. (TA.) [See also 4 in art. syE.] -A2- A^asowaEa He (a man, Zj) passed from saAEap to saAEap [i. e. time to time, or hour to hour]; (Zj, K;) as also AsAE, inf. n. A_isaAEapN: (Zj, TA:) or he remained behind, or held back, or delayed, for a saAEap [i. e. a time, or an hour]. (Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) : see saAEapN, in two places. and ↓ suwaAEN i. q. hdo'N, as used in the phrase, jaA='anaA baEoda sawoEK mina All~ayoli [He came to us after a period, or portion, of the night; or after about a third or fourth part of the night had elapsed, when men were asleep, or at rest, and the night, and the foot of the passenger, were still; or after a third part of the night]: (S, K: *) or this phrase means he come to us after a saAEap [i. e. a short period, or an hour,] of the night. (TA.). [An hour;] one of the divisions of the night and the day; (Lth, K, TA;) both of which together consist of four and twenty of those divisions; each of them, when they are of equal length, consisting of twelve such divisions; (TA;) [also termed saAEapN falakiy~apN (an astronomical hour; fifteen darajaAt of time; sixty minutes of time;) because sAEp alone is often used in a vague sense, as meaning what is termed saAEapN zamaAniy~apN; i. e.] a time of night or of day: but used absolutely by the Arabs as meaning a time; a while; a space, or period; an indefinite [short] time; and a little while; (Msb;) a [short or] little portion, or division, [or space, or period,] of the night and of the day: (TA:) and Als~aAEapu signifies the pre- sent time: (S, K:) pl. saAEaAtN and ↓ saAEN, (S, Msb, K,) [or the latter is rather a coll. gen. n. of which sAEp is the n. un.,] and siwaAEN. (Msb.) It is used unrestricted in the Kur [vii. 32 and in other places], where it is said, laA yasotaA^oxiruwna saAEapF (Msb) They will not remain behind (Bd) for a time, or any while, (Msb,) or the shortest time: or they shall not seek to remain behind, by reason of intense terror. (Bd.) And so in a trad., where it is said, mano raAHa fiY Als~aAEapi AlA^uwlaY Whoso goeth in the first time; not in the first astronomical sAEp, for then it would necessarily mean that he who should come in the latter part thereof would be on a par with the former person, which is not the case. (Msb.) [saAEapF signifies, as shown above, For, or during, an hour: and awhile; for a little while; during a short time; as in the phrase,] jalasotu Einodaka saAEapF I sat with thee, or at thine abode, for a little while, or during a short time. (TA.) [And fiY saAEapK, In a short time: in a moment. And Als~aAEapa, Now: just now: this moment. And saAEatay^i*K, Then; at that time: or in that hour.] And mu*o saAEapNK [A little while ago;] in the first time near to us: (K in art. Anf:) or this signifies Als~aAEapa [expl. above]. (Zj, T and M in art. Anf.) [And mino saAEatihi At the moment thereof; instantly. Hence, sam~a saAEapK An instantaneous poison.] ― -b2- Als~aAEapu also signifies (tropical:) The resurrection; (S, K, TA;) the raising of mankind for the reckoning; also termed Als~aAEapu AlkuboraY: (Er-Rághib, B:) or the time thereof: (K:) because of the quickness with which its reckoning will be accomplished: (TA:) or because it will come suddenly upon mankind, in a moment, and all creatures will die at one cry. (Zj, Az, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [liv. 1], Aiqotarabati Als~aAEapu (tropical:) The resurrection [or the time thereof] hath drawn nigh. (Jel, TA.) And [in vii. 186 and lxxix. 42,] yasoA^aluwnaka Eani Als~aAEapi (tropical:) They ask thee concerning the resurrection [or the time thereof]. (Bd, Jel, TA.) And [in xxxi. last verse and xliii. 85,] Einodahu Eilomu Als~aAEapi (tropical:) With Him is the knowledge of the resurrection, (TA,) or of the time thereof. (Bd, Jel.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) The death of one generation; termed, for distinction, Als~aAEapu AlwusoTaY: as in the saying of Mohammad, when he saw 'AbdAllah Ibn-Uneys, A_ino yaTulo Eumoru h`*aA AlgulaAmi lamo yamuto Hat~aY taquwma Als~aAEapu (assumed tropical:) [If the life of this boy last long, he will not die until the death of the generation shall come to pass]: accordingly it is said that he was the last that died of the Companions. (Er-Rághib, B.) ― -b4- Also (assumed tropical:) The death of any man; termed, for distinction, Als~aAEapu AlS~ugoraY: as in the Kur [vi. 31], qado xasira A@l~a*ayna ka*~abuwA biliqaA='i A@ll~`hi Hat~aY A_i*aA jaA='atohumu A@ls~aA`Eapu bagotapF (assumed tropical:) [They have suffered loss who disbelieved in, or denied as false, the meeting with God until, when death came to them suddenly]. (Er-Rághib, B) ― -b5- Also (assumed tropical:) Difficulty, distress, or affliction; and so ↓ Als~aAEu. (TA.) ― -b6- And (assumed tropical:) Distance, or remoteness. (TA.) -A2- See also saAy^iEN. A severe, grievous, or distressing [hour or time]; (S, K;) like the phrase layolapN layolaA='u. (S.) : see sawoEN. -A2- Also, (S, K, [in the CK erroneously without tenween,]) and sawaAEN, (Kh, K,) A certain idol (S, K) which belonged to the people of Noah, (S,) in whose time it was worshipped; then the deluge buried it, but Iblees exhumed it, and it was worshipped [again]; (K;) so says Lth; (TA;) then it became the property of [the tribe of] Hudheyl, (S, K,) and was at Ruhát, (S,) and pilgrimage was performed to it: (S, K:) or it belonged to [the tribe of] Hemdán: (Bd, TA:) Abu-l-Mundhir says, I have not heard the mention of it in the poems of Hudheyl: but one of the Arabs, in verse, mentions Hudheyl as paying devotion to it: (TA:) it is said that it had the form of a woman: (Har p. 362:) [if so, as a fem. proper name, it would be without tenween: but] it is mentioned in the Kur [lxxi. 22, and is there with tenween]. (TA.) [See also wad~N.] He is left to himself, left alone, or neglected. (S, * K, * TA.) ↓ saAEapN [is pl. of saAy^iEN; and also signifies] In a state of perdition or destruction; perishing; or dying; in a pl. sense; like jaAEapN as signifying jiyaAEN, (K,) and TaAEapN as signifying muTiyEuwna. (TA.) : see the following paragraph. A she-camel that leaves her young one so that the beasts of prey devour it: (Sh, K:) or a she-camel that goes away in the place of pasturing: (S:) belonging to this art. and to art. syE, q. v. (K.) You say also, rajulN miDoyaAEN misoyaAEN lilomaAli [A man who is wont to neglect the camels or the like; or to leave them to themselves, or alone; or to lose them]; and accord. to A'Obeyd, muDiyEN ↓ musiyEN. (S.) swg , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or sAg fiY AlHaloqi, (JK,) aor. yasuwgu, (S, Msb,) inf. n. sawogN (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and sawaAgN, or suwaAgN, accord. to different copies of the K, (TA,) and sawagaAnN, (CK, [not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the TA,]) and masaAgN, (MA,) It (beverage, or wine, JK, S, K, or food, Mgh, or each of these, TA) [was easy and agreeable to swallow;] was easy of entrance into the fauces; (S, Mgh, Msb, K; *) or passed the fauces easily and agreeably. (Bd in xiv. 20.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce HamiymN.] ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, ↓ sugo fiY AlA^aroDi maAwajadota masaAgFA (assumed tropical:) Enter thou into the land while thou findest a place of entrance. (TA.) ― -b3- And sAg fiEolu Al$~aYo'i (tropical:) The doing of the thing was allowable; or passed for lawful. (Msb.) And sAg lahu maAfaEala (tropical:) What he did was allowable to him; or passed for lawful to him. (S, K, TA.) ― -b4- And sAg Aln~ahaAru (tropical:) The day was, or became, easy. (TA.) ― -b5- sAgt bihi AlA^aroDu, (K,) inf. n. sawogN, (TA,) i. q. saAxato (assumed tropical:) [The ground, or earth, sank with him; or sank with him and swallowed him up, or enclosed him]. (AA, K, TA.) ― -b6- And sAgt Aln~aAqapu (assumed tropical:) The she-camel became apart, or alone, syn. $a*~ato, (K, TA,) or ran, syn. $ad~ato, (JK, and so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K,) and went far away. (JK, TA.) -A2- See also 4, in two places. [sw~ghu is app., in its primary sense, syn. with A^asaAgahu: and hence what here follows.] ― -b2- You say, sw~ghu maA A^aSaAba, (JK, TA,) inf. n. tasowiygN, (JK,) (assumed tropical:) He made pleasant, or agreeable, to him what he attained: or, as some say, he left clear to him what he had attained. (TA.) ― -b3- And sw~ghu, (inf. n. as above, K,) (tropical:) He made it allowable, lawful, or free, (S, Msb, K,) lahu to him. (S.) And sw~ghu maAlFA (tropical:) [He made property allowable, &c., to him]: so in the “ Mufradát. ” (TA.) ― -b4- And sw~g lahu ka*aA (assumed tropical:) He gave him such a thing. (IDrd, K.) ― -b5- [See also tasowiygaAt, below.] , (JK, Msb,) inf. n. A_isaAgapN, (JK,) or A_isaAgN, (Msb,) said of God, (JK,) or of a man, (Msb,) [He made it easy and agreeable to swallow;] he made it easy of entrance into the fauces; (Msb;) [or made it to pass the fauces easily and agreeably;] namely, beverage [&c.: see 1, first sentence]; (JK;) as also ↓ saAgahu. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A^asigo liY guS~atiY [Make thou easy to me to swallow the thing that is choking me; or let me swallow it;] meaning (assumed tropical:) grant thou to me some delay, or respite; or act gently, or in a leisurely manner, towards me, or with me; (S, K;) and do not hurry me. (S.) ― -b3- And A^asagotuhu, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (S, Msb, TA,) I swallowed it: (Msb, and Jel in xiv. 20:) or I received it into my fauces easily (S, Mgh, and Bd in xiv. 20) and agreeably; (Bd ibid.;) namely, beverage, or wine, (S, K,) or food, (Mgh,) or each of these; (TA;) and ↓ sugotuhu and sigotuhu, aor. A^asuwguhu and A^asiyguhu, (S, K,) inf. n. sawogN and sayogN, (TA in art. syg,) signify the same. (S, K.) ― -b4- AsAg fulaAnN bifulaAnK means (assumed tropical:) Such a one completed his affair by means of such a one, (Ibn-Buzurj, K, TA, [in the CK, vum~a Amarahu bih is erroneously put for tam~a A^amorahu bihi,]) and accomplished the object of his want by means of him: (Ibn-Buzurj, TA:) the case is that of one's desiring a certain number of men or of pieces of money of which one remains to complete the affair: when he obtains it, one says, AsAg bihi. (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) -A2- A^asowaga A^axaAhu He (a man, Lh) was born with his brother: (Lh, K:) or he was born [next, or immediately,] after his brother. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [See what next follows.] and sayoguhu (S, K) and ↓ sawogatuhu (K) mean (tropical:) This is he who was born next after this, (S, K, TA,) or, as in the “ Mufradát, ” immediately after this; (TA;) and the like is also said of the female: (K:) one says, hiYa A^uxotuhu sawoguhu and ↓ sawogatuhu [She is his sister that was born &c.], (S, TA,) as well as huwa A^axuwhu sawoguhu and ↓ sawogatuhu [He is his brother that was born &c.]: or sawogu Alr~ajuli means he who was born after the man, or near after him, though not his brother: and Fr heard a man of Benoo-Temeem say sawoguhu, and another of the same tribe say ↓ sawogatuhu, meaning he who followed him: (TA:) [the pl. of sawogN is A^asowaAgN; and it is said that] A^asowaAgu Alr~ajuli means those who were born with the man in one case of childbirth, after him, no other childbirth having occurred between him and them: (TA:) or those born next after him: (JK:) and A^aSowaAg is a dial. var. thereof: but IF says that h`*aA sawogu h`*aA means This is of the cast, mould, form, or fashion, of this; and that the s may be a substitute for S; as though the one were cast, moulded, formed, or fashioned, like the other: (TA:) and [in like manner] one says, h`*aA sayogu h`*aA this is proportionate to this, or of the proportion of this. (TA in art. syg.) : see the next preceding paragraph in four places. A thing whereby one makes to enter easily into his fauces [and to pass down his throat] that which is choking him. (S, Msb, K.) One says, AlmaA='u siwaAgu AlguSaSi [Water is that whereby one makes easy of entrance into the fauces and of passage down the throat the things that are choking him]. (S.) , applied to beverage, or wine, (JK, K, TA,) and food, (TA,) Descending easily [and agreeably] down the throat; (JK, Msb, K, TA, and Bd and Jel in xvi. 68 and Bd in xxxv. 13;) [or easy and agreeable to swallow;] not choking; (Jel in xvi. 68;) and ↓ A^asowagu signifies the same; (IDrd, K, TA;) and so ↓ say~igN, applied to food [&c.]; (TA;) [and ↓ musotasaAgN, accord. to Freytag, as from the K, in which I do not find it.] : see the next preceding paragraph. : see saAy^igN. [Freytag assigns to it also another signification, which belongs not to it, but to sawog.] is a post-classical term, (O, K,) from saw~agotuhu lahu, inf. n. tasowiygN, meaning “ I made it allowable, lawful, or free, to him: ” (O:) and what is meant by [the sing. of tswygAt i. e.] tasowiygN is The permission [of the Sultán] for the taking of that which is one's right, or due, on a particular account, with facilitation thereof to the taker. (MF.) [A place of easy entrance or passage for beverage, or food, into the fauces or throat. ― -b2- And hence,] (assumed tropical:) A place of entrance into a land [&c.]; as in a saying cited in the first paragraph of this art., q. v. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence] one says, h`*aA laA A^ajidu lahu masaAgFA (tropical:) This, I do not find to it a passage, or an [easy] entrance; or a way, or place, of entrance. (TA.) : see saAy^igN. swf , aor. yasuwfu (S, M, Msb) and yasaAfu, (M,) inf. n. sawofN; (S, M, K;) and so ↓ sAwfhu; (M, TA;) and ↓ AstAfhu, (M, Msb, K, *) inf. n. AisotiyaAfN; (S;) [and, accord. to Freytag, ↓ sw~fhu; but he has not named his authority; if correct, probably having an intensive signification;] He smelled the thing. (S, M, Msb.) A poet says, (Msb,) namely, Ru-beh, (S, M,) A^axolaAqa AlT~uruqo ↓ A_i*aA Ald~aliylu A@sotaAfa [When the guide smells the natures of the roads to know whether he be pursuing the right course or deviating therefrom]. (S, M, Msb.) ― -b2- [And hence, He hunted. (Freytag, from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen.)] -A2- sawofN is also Syn. with SaborN. (IAar, K.) You say, of a man, sAf Ealayohi, inf. n. sawofN, He endured it with patience. (TK.) -A3- saAfa, (S, M, O, K,) aor. yasuwfu (S, O, K) and yasaAfu, (O, K,) inf. n. sawofN, (M,) said of a man, (M,) and of cattle, (maAl, M, O, K,) He, or they, perished, or died: (S, M, O, K:) or, said of cattle, they had a murrain occurring among them. (K.) -A4- [saAfa expl. by Freytag in this art., as though having for its aor. yasuwfu, and meaning He smote a person with a sword, is a mistake, caused by a mistranscription (of sufotuhu for sifotuhu) in art. syf in some copies of the K.] , (S, M, K,) or sw~f bihi, (Msb,) inf. n. tasowiyfN, (S, M, Msb, K,) He said to him time after time sawofa A^afoEalu [I will do such a thing]; (S, Msb, TA;) derived from the particle sawofa: (IJ, M:) and hence, (Msb,) he delayed, or deferred, with him; or put him off with promises; syn. maTalahu; (S, * Msb, K, TA;) saying sawofa A^afoEalu; (TA;) or promising to be faithful to his engagement; (Msb;) mostly used in relation to a promise that is not to be fulfilled; as is said by Ibn-Abi1-Hadeed: (MF, TA:) and ↓ sAwfhu signifies [the same, as is implied in the M, being syn. with] maATilahu: see an ex. in a verse cited voce sawofa, last sentence. (TA.) Alt~asowiyfu is [also expl. as] Syn. with Alt~aA^oxiyru [app. as meaning the postponing, putting off, delaying, or deferring, anything]. (TA.) [And it is implied in art. EZb of the TA that it is Syn. with Alt~amoriynu and Alt~aSobiyru: so that you say, sw~fhu Ealayohi, meaning He inured, or accustomed, him to it; and made him to endure it with patience: see saAfa Ealayohi, above.] ― -b2- You say also, saw~afotuhu A^amoriY, meaning I made him (a man) to have the ordering and deciding of my affair, or case, (S, K,) to do what he would: (S:) and so saw~amotuhu. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, first sentence. : see 1: -A2- and 2. -A3- Also i. q. saAr~ahu [He spoke, or discoursed, secretly to him or with him; or acquainted him with a secret]. (K.) ― -b2- And sAwf AlmaroA^apa i. q. DaAjaEahaA [He slept with the woman in, or on, one bed]. (K.) , (S, M, K,) inf. n. A_isaAfapN, (TA,) said of a man, (S, M,) His cattle perished, or died: (S, K:) or he had murrain occurring among his cattle: so in a verse of Tufeyl, cited voce AisotaroxaY, in art. rxw. (M.) [Hence,] one says, A^asaAfa Ht~~Y maAya$otakiY Als~awaAfa, (AA, S, Meyd, K,) or Als~uwaAfa, (As, Meyd,) [He had murrain among his cattle until he did not complain of the murrain:] a prov., (Meyd,) applied to him who has become accustomed to casualties; (S, K;) or to him who has become inured to calamities, (A'Obeyd, Meyd, A,) so that he is not impatient of the vicissitudes of fortune. (A'Obeyd, Meyd.) ― -b2- AsAf AlwaAlidaAni The two parents lost their child by his death: in which case, the child is said to be ↓ musaAfN; and his father, ↓ musiyfN; and his mother, ↓ misoyaAfN. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) -A2- AsAfhu A@ll~`hu God destroyed him, or took away his life. (M.) ― -b2- AsAf Alxaroza i. q. xaramahu [i. e. He spoiled the sewing of the skin, or hide; as when one uses a thick instrument for sewing or perforating, and a thin thong; or as when one rends two stitch-holes into one]. (M.) And AsAf AlxaArizu The sewer of a skin, or hide, perforated, or sewed, in such a manner that the two stitch-holes became rent [into one]. (A'Obeyd, K.) see 1, first and second sentences. Any row, or course, (S, M, L, K, TA,) [i. e.] a single row, or course, (Mgh,) of bricks, (S, M, Mgh, L, K, TA,) or (so in the Mgh, but in the TA “ and ”) of clay, (Mgh, TA,) of a wall, (S, Mgh, K, TA,) or in a wall, (TA,) or in a building; (M, L, TA;) as also midomaAkN: (TA:) pl. of pauc. A=sufN [formed by transposition, like A=durN pl. of daArN,] (L,) and saAfaAtN: (Mgh:) Lth explains Als~aAfu as signifying what is between the saAfaAt of the building: its A is originally w. (TA.) [saAfapN mentioned by Freytag as signifying “ a single series of stones in a wall, ” on the authority of the K, I do not find there, nor in any other lexicon.] -A2- Also A certain bird, that preys. (M.) , for which one also says safo, (M, Mughnee, K,) rejecting the medial radical letter, (M, Mughnee,) and sawo, (M, Mughnee, K,) rejecting the final radical, (M, Mughnee,) and saYo, (M, Mughnee, K,) rejecting the final radical and changing the medial into Y for the purpose of alleviation [of the utterance], (M, Mughnee,) and accord. to the L saA, (TA,) is a particle, (IJ, M, K,) denoting inception; (K;) or a word denoting tanofiys, (Sb, S, M, K,) i. e. amplification, because it changes the aor. from the strait time, which is the present, to the ample time, which is the future; (Mughnee voce sa [q. v.];) i. e., denoting tnfys with respect to that which has not yet happened; (Sb, S, K;) and postponement; (M;) and is used in terrifying and threatening and promising; (IDrd, K;) or it is a word denoting promising or threatening: (Msb:) it is syn. with sa accord. to some, or has a larger meaning than this latter accord. to others. (Mughnee.) You say, sawofa A^afoEalu [I will do such a thing]. (Sb, S.) And one may not introduce a separating word between it and its verb, [except in a case mentioned in what follows,] because it occupies the place of the s in sayafoEalu [&c.]. (Sb, S.) [But] it is distinct from sa by its [sometimes] having l prefixed to it; as in [the phrase in the Kur xciii. 5], walasawofa yuEoTiyka rab~uka fataroDaY [And thy Lord will give thee, and thou wilt be well pleased]: (Mughnee:) in this phrase, [however,] the l is [considered as] pre- fixed to the verb, not to the particle: (M:) or the phrase is elliptical, for laA^anota sawofa yuEoTiyka. (Bd.) And it is distinct from sa in this, that it is sometimes separated [from its verb] by a verb divested of government both as to the letter and the meaning; as in the saying, wamaA A^adoriY wasawofa A_ixaAlu A^adoriY A^aqawomN A=lu HiSonK A^amo nisaA='u [And I know not, but I shall, I think, know, whether the family of Hisn be a company of men or women]. (Mughnee.) ― -b2- When you desire to make it a subst., [i. e. to use it as a subst.,] you make it to have tenween [when it is indeterminate]. (IDrd, K.) IDrd cites as an ex., A_in~a sawofFA waA_in~a layotFA EanaA='N [Verily sawofa and verily layota are a weariness]: but one reading is A_in~a law~FA; and another, A_in~a layotFA wA_in~a law~FA; and there is no such reading as A_in~a sawofFA. (O, TA.) One says also, fulaAnN yaqotaAtu Als~awofa [lit. Such a one feeds upon the word sawofa]; meaning (tropical:) Such a one lives by means of things hoped for: (S, K, TA:) and in like manner, maA quwtuhu A_il~aA Als~awofu [lit. His food is not anything but, or other than, the word sawofa]. (A, TA.) ― -b3- In the following verse of Ibn-Mukbil, cited by Sb, bisawofK mino taHiy~atihaA ↓ lawo saAwafatonaA sawofa AlEayuwfi laraAHa Alr~akobu qado qaniEaA [Had she put us off with a sawofa as part of her greeting, with the putting off even of such as is affected with dislike, the riders had gone contented], sawofa is put in the accus. case [for musaAwafapa, i. e.] as an inf. n. with the augmentation [meaning the augmentative letters] rejected. (M.) : see masaAfapN, in two places. The [cucumber commonly called] qiv~aA=' [q. v.]: (M, K, TA:) so says AHn, (M, TA,) on the authority of Et-Toosee. (TA.) -A2- See also what next follows. and ↓ sawaAfN; with damm accord. to As, and so, he says, all the names of diseases, as nuHaAzN and dukaAEN and qulaAbN and xumaAlN [&c.]; accord. to AA, not so, but with fet-h, and in like manner said 'Omárah Ibn-'Akeel; (S;) or none relates it with fet-h except AA, and his relation is nought; (IB;) Disease of cattle, and death thereof: (S:) or each signifies death among mankind and cattle: (M:) or the latter, a mortality, or murrain, among camels; or so the former: or the latter, a mortality among mankind and cattle: (K:) and the former, disease of camels; (AHn, M, K;) and so the latter. (K.) One says, waqaEa fiY AlmaAli sawaAfN [or suwaAfN] Death [or a murrain] happened among the cattle. (S.) The nose: because one smells (yusaAfu, K, i. e. yu$am~u, TA) with it: (K:) so in the Moheet. (TA.) ― -b2- See also masaAfapN, in two places. A child taken from his parents by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A man whose cattle have died. (TA.) ― -b2- And A father having lost his child by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [properly A place of smelling: ― -b2- and hence,] (tropical:) Distance; (S, K, TA;) and ↓ masaAfN and ↓ siyfapN signify the same in this sense [or in others here following]: (K:) [a space, or tract, or an extent, over which one journeys:] a far-extending tract that one traverses: originally a place of smelling of the guides, in order that they may know whether it be far or near, out of the way or in the right way: (A, TA:) or a [desert, or such as is termed] mafaAzap: (M:) said to be from saAfa Al$~aYo'a meaning “ he smelled the thing; ” for the guide smells the dust of the place wherein he is; and if he smell the odour of urine and dung of camels, he knows that he [or some other] has traversed it; but otherwise, not: (Msb:) or because the guide, when he is in a desert, (S, M, K,) and has lost his way therein, (M,) smells its dust, (S, M, K,) in order that he may know, (S, K,) or and thus knows, (M,) whether he be in the right way, (S, M, K,) or not: (S, K:) then, by reason of frequency of usage of this word [as meaning “ a place of smelling of the guides ”] it became a term for “ distance: ” (S, K:) pl. masaAwifu (A, TA) and masaAfaAtN. (Msb.) One says, kamo masaAfapu h`*ihi AlA^aroDi and ↓ masaAfuhaA and ↓ siyfatuhaA (tropical:) [How long is the distance, or how much is the extent, of this land?]. (TA.) And bayonahumo masaAfapN baEiydapN (assumed tropical:) [Between them is a far-extending distance or space]. (Msb.) And bayonanaA masaAfapu Ei$oriyna yawomFA (tropical:) [Between us is the distance, or space, of twenty days]. (TA.) ― -b3- In the following saying of Dhu-rRummeh, it is doubly tropical: waA^aboEaduhumo masaAfapa gawori EaqolK A_i*aA maA AlA^amoru *uw Al$~ubuhaAti EaAlaA (tropical:) (tropical:) [And the furthest of them in the extent of the depth of intelligence when the affair, or case, in which are dubiousnesses overcomes and is onerous]. (A, TA.) One who does what he will, [as though he said time after time sawofa A^afoEalu,] whom no one will make to turn back. (K.) ― -b2- And, with p, A woman who will not comply with the desire of her husband when he calls her to his bed, and strives with him to repel him in respect of that which he desires of her, and says sawofa A^afoEalu: such is said, in a trad., to be cursed. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, with p, A well (rakiy~apN) of which one says, Water will be found (sawofa yuwjadu) in it: or of which the water is smelt (yusaAfu), and disliked, and loathed. (Ibn- 'Abbád, Z, K.) ― -b4- And, without p, Very patient or enduring. (TA.) A place of smelling, or that is smelt. (O, K.) A mother having lost her child by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [app. referring to a she-camel] Verily she is one that has ability for journeying. (M.) swq , (S, K,) or Aln~aEama, (Mgh,) or Ald~aAb~apa, (Msb,) aor. yasuwqu, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. sawoqN (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and siyaAqN, (S, [so in both of my copies, but it is said in the JK that this latter is used in relation to death, and such is generally the case,]) or sayaAqN, like saHaAbN, (TA, [but this I have not found elsewhere, and I doubt its correctness,]) and siyaAqapN and masaAqN, (O, K, TA,) He drove the cattle [or the beast]; he urged the cattle [or the beast] to go; (Mgh;) and ↓ AstAqhA signifies the same, (S, K,) as also ↓ AsAqhA, and ↓ sw~qhA; (TA;) or tasowiyqN, the inf. n. [or this last], signifies the driving well: (KL:) [and accord. to Freytag, ↓ AstsAq, followed by an accus., signifies the same as saAqa as expl. above; but for this he names no authority.] Hence, in the Kur [lxxv. 30], A_ilaY rab~ika yawomay^i*K AlmasaAqu (TA) i. e. To thy Lord, and his judgment, on that day, shall be the driving. (Bd, Jel.) And the saying, in a trad., laAtaquwmu Als~aAEapu Hat~aY yaxoruja rajulN mino qaHoTaAna yasuwqu Aln~aAsa biEaSFAhu [properly rendered The resurrection, or the hour thereof, shall not come to pass until a man come forth from the tribe of Kahtán driving the people with his staff], allusive to his having the mastery over them, and their obeying him; the staff being mentioned only to indicate his tyrannical and rough treatment of them. (TA.) [And hence the saying, sAq EalaY~a fulaAnFA (assumed tropical:) He urged such a one to intercede for him with me.] ― -b2- [Hence also,] saAqahu Alqadaru A_ilaY maA qud~ira lahu (assumed tropical:) [Destiny drove him, or impelled him, to that which was destined for him]. (TA.) [And in like manner one says of desire, &c.] ― -b3- And sAq A_ilaY AlmaroA^api mahorahaA, (K,) or SadaAqahaA, (S, Msb,) inf. n. siyaAqN; (TA;) and ↓ AsAqhu; (Msb, K;) (tropical:) He sent to the woman her dowry; (K, TA;) or conveyed it, or caused it to be conveyed, to her; (Msb;) though consisting of dirhems or deenárs; because the dowry, with the Arabs, originally consisted of camels, which are driven. (TA.) And hence, maAsuqota A_ilayohaA, meaning (assumed tropical:) What didst thou give her as her dowry? occurring in a trad.; or, as some related it, maA suqota minohaA, i. e. What didst thou give for her, or in exchange for her? (TA.) And sAq A_ilayohi Al$~aYo'a (assumed tropical:) [He made, or caused, the thing to go, pass, or be conveyed or transmitted, to him; he sent to him the thing]. (M and K in art. AtY.) And sAq A_ilayohi xayorFA (tropical:) [He caused good, or good fortune, to betide him]. (TA.) And sAq liA^aroDihi A^atiy~FA (assumed tropical:) [He made a rivulet, or a channel for water, to run to his land], (M in art. AtY.) ― -b4- [Hence likewise,] saAqati Alr~iyHu Als~aHaAba (tropical:) [The wind drove along the clouds]. (S, * TA.) ― -b5- [And sAq AlHadiyva, inf. n. siyaAqN and sawoqN and masaAqN, (tropical:) He carried on the narrative, or discourse.] You say, fulaAnN yasuwqu AlHadiyva A^aHosana siyaAqK (tropical:) [Such a one carries on the narrative, or discourse, in the best manner of doing so]. (Mgh, TA.) And A_ilayoka yusaAqu AlHadiyvu (tropical:) [To thee as its object the narrative, or discourse, is carried on]. (TA.) And kalaAmN masaAquhu A_ilaY ka*aA (tropical:) [Speech whereof the carrying-on is pointed to such a thing]. (TA.) And jiy^otuka biAlHadiyvi EalaY sawoqihi (tropical:) [I uttered to thee the narrative, or discourse, after the proper manner of the carrying-on thereof]. (TA.) [In like manner also one says,] sAq AlA^umuwra A^aHosana masaAqK (assumed tropical:) [He carried on, or prosecuted, affairs, or the affairs, in the best manner of doing so]. (A in art. Hw*.) ― -b6- sawoqu AlmaEoluwmi masaAqa gayorihi [from sAq AlHadiyva expl. above] means (assumed tropical:) The asking respecting that which one knows in the manner of one's asking respecting that which he knows not: a mode of speech implying hyperbole: as when one says, A^awajohuka h`*aA A^amo badorN [Is this thy face or a full moon?]. (Kull p. 211.) ― -b7- sAq said of a sick man, (K,) and sAq nafosahu, [app. thus originally,] (Ks, Msb, TA,) and sAq binafosihi, (TA,) aor. yasuwqu, (Ks, S, O, Msb, TA,) inf. n. siyaAqN, (S, O, Msb, K,) originally siwaAqN, (TA,) and sawoqN (O, K) and suw^uwqN, (TA,) (tropical:) He cast forth, or vomited, his soul; (Ks, TA;) he gave up his spirit; or was at the point of death, in the agony of death, or at the point of having his soul drawn forth; (S, O, Msb, TA;) or he began to give up his spirit, or to have his soul drawn forth. (K.) You say, raA^ayotu fulaAnFA yasuwqu (tropical:) I saw such a one giving up his spirit at death. (S, O, TA.) And raA^ayotu fulaAnFA biAls~awoqi [or fiY Als~iyaAqi, as in the Msb,] (tropical:) I saw such a one in the act [or agony] of death; and yusaAqu [having his soul expelled], inf. n. sawoqN: and A_in~a nafosahu latusaAqu (tropical:) [Verily his soul is being expelled]. (ISh, TA.) -A2- saAqahu, (K,) first pers. suqotuhu, (S,) aor. as above, inf. n. sawoqN, (TA,) also signifies He hit, or hurt, his (another man's, S) saAq [or shank]. (S, K.) , inf. n. tasowiyqN: see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- sw~q fulaAnFA A^amorahu (assumed tropical:) He made such a one to have the ruling, or ordering, of his affair, or case. (Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) ― -b3- See also 5. -A2- Said of a plant, (TA,) or of a tree, (K,) more properly of the former, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) It had a saAq [i. e. stem, stock, or trunk]. (K, TA.) He vied, or competed, with him, in driving: (K: [in the CK, for fY Als~awoqi, is put fY Als~uwoqi:]) or he vied, or competed, with him to decide which of them twain was the stronger; from the phrase qaAmati AlHarobu EalaY saAqK. (S.) [Hence,] one says baEiyrN yusaAwiqu AlS~ayoda (tropical:) [A camel that vies with the animals of the chase in driving on, or in strength]. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) ― -b2- musaAwaqapN is also syn. with mutaAbaEapN [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The making to be consecutive, or successive, for it is added], as though driving on one another, or as though one portion were driving on another. (TA. [See 6, its quasi-pass.].) ― -b3- [Freytag also assigns to sAwq the meaning of He, or it, followed (secutus fuit), as on the authority of the Hamáseh; but without pointing out the page; and it is not in his index of words explained therein.] see 1, in two places. ― -b2- A^asaqotuhu A_ibilFA I made him to drive camels: (K:) or I gave to him camels, to drive them: (S, TA:) or (tropical:) I made him to posses camels. (TA.) The people, or party, [trafficked in the suwq, or market; or] sold and bought: (S, TA:) the vulgar say ↓ saw~aquwA. (TA.) (tropical:) The camels followed one another; (Az, O, Msb, K, TA;) and in like manner one says taqaAwadat; (O, K, * TA;) as though, by reason of their weakness and leanness, some of them held back from others. (TA.) And tsAwqt Alganamu (tropical:) The sheep, or goats, pressed, one upon another, (K,) or followed one another, (O,) in going along, (O, K,) as though driving on one another. (O.) [See also 7.] ― -b2- The lawyers say, tsAwqt AlxiTobataAni, meaning (tropical:) [The two demandings of a woman in marriage] were simultaneous: but [Fei says] I have not found it in the books of lexicology in this sense. (Msb.) The cattle went, or went along, being driven; [or as though driven; or drove along;] quasi-pass. of saAqahaA. (S, TA.) And AnsAqt AlA_ibilu [has the like signification: or means] (assumed tropical:) The camels became consecutive. (TA. [See also 6.]) see 1, first sentence. see 1, first sentence. The shank; i. e. the part between the knee and the foot of a human being; (Msb;) or the part between the ankle and the knee (K, TA) of a human being; (TA;) the sAq of the human foot: (S, TA:) and [the part properly corresponding thereto, i. e. the thigh commonly so called, and also the arm, of a beast;] the part above the waZiyf of the horse and mule and ass and camel, and the part above the kuraAE of the ox-kind and sheep or goat and antelope: (TA:) [it is also sometimes applied to the shank commonly so called, of the hind leg, and, less properly, of the fore leg, of a beast: and to the bone of any of the parts above mentioned: and sometimes, by synecdoche, to the hind leg, and, less properly, to the fore leg also, of a beast: it generally corresponds to *iraAEN: of a bird, it is the thigh commonly so called: and sometimes the shank commonly so called: and, by synecdoche, the leg:] it is of the fem. gender: (Msb, TA:) and for this reason, (TA,) the dim. is ↓ suwayoqapN: (Msb, TA:) the pl. [of mult.] is suwqN (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and siyqaAnN and [of pauc.] A^asow^uqN, (S, O, K,) the w in this last being with ' in order that it may bear the dammeh. (O, K.) A poet says, lilofataY EaqolN yaEiy$u bihi Hayovu tahodiY saAqahu qadamuho meaning The young man has intelligence whereby he lives when his foot directs aright his shank. (IAar, TA.) And one says of a man when difficulty, or calamity, befalls him, ka$afa Eano saAqihi [lit. He uncovered his shank; meaning (assumed tropical:) he prepared himself for difficulty]: so says IAmb: and hence, he says, (TA, [in which a similar explanation is cited from ISd also,]) they mention the sAq when they mean to express the difficulty of a case or an event, and to tell of the terror occasioned thereby. (K, TA.) Thus, the saying yawoma yuko$afu Eano saAqK, (S, K, TA,) in the Kur [lxviii. 42], (S, TA,) [lit. On a day when a shank shall be uncovered,] means (assumed tropical:) on a day when difficulty, or calamity, shall be disclosed. (I'Ab, Mujáhid, S, K, TA.) It is like the saying, qaAmati AlHarobu EalaY saAqK, (S, TA,) which means (assumed tropical:) The war, or battle, became vehement, (Msb in this art. and in art. Hrb,) so that safety from destruction was difficult of attainment: (Id. in art. Hrb:) and ka$afati AlHarobu Eano saAqK, [as also $am~arato Eano saAqihaA,] i. e. (assumed tropical:) The war, or battle, became vehement. (Jel in lxviii. 42.) And in like manner, waA@lotaf~ati A@ls~aAqu biAls~aAqi, (K, TA,) in the Kur [lxxv. 29], (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) And the affliction of the present state of existence shall be combined with that of the final state: (K, TA:) or it means when the [one] leg shall be inwrapped with the other leg by means of the grave-clothes. (TA.) One says also, qaAma Alqawomu EalaY saAqK (assumed tropical:) The people or party, became in a state of toil, and trouble, or distress. (TA.) And qaraEa liloA^amori saAqahu, [originating from one's striking the shin of his camel in order to make him lie down to be mounted; lit. He struck his shank for the affair;] meaning (assumed tropical:) he prepared himself for the thing, or affair; syn. ta$am~ara: (JK:) or he was, or became, light, or active, and he rose, or hastened, to do the thing; or (assumed tropical:) he applied himself vigorously, or diligently, or with energy, to the thing, or affair; i. q. $am~ara lahu [q. v.]; (TA;) or tajar~ada lahu. (A and TA in art. qrE [q. v.: see also ZunobuwbN, in several places].) [It is also said that] A^awohato bisaAqK means kidotu A^afoEalu [i. e. I nearly, or almost, did what I purposed: but this explanation seems to have been derived only from what here, as in the TA, immediately follows]: Kurt says, describing the wolf, wal`kin~iY ramayotuka mino baEiydK falamo A^afoEalo waqado A^awohato bisaAqi [i. e., app., But I shot at thee from afar, and I did not what I purposed, though it (the shot, Alr~amoyapu, I suppose, being meant to be understood,) maimed a shank: which virtually means, though I nearly did what I purposed: the poet, I assume, says Awht bsAq for the sake of the measure and rhyme, for A^awohato saAqFA: see what is said, in the explanations of the preposition bi, respecting the phrase waA@mosaHuwA biruw^u=sikumo]. (TA.) ― -b2- By a secondary application, saAqN signifies (assumed tropical:) [A greave; i. e.] a thing that is worn on the sAq [or shank] of the leg, made of iron or other material. (Mgh.) ― -b3- Also (tropical:) [The stem, stock, or trunk, i. e.] the part between the A^aSol [here meaning root, or foot, (though it is also syn. with sAq in the sense in which the latter is here explained,)] and the place where the branches shoot out; (TA;) or the support; (Msb;) or the ji*oE; (S, K;) of a tree, or shrub: (S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. [of mult.] suwqN (Msb, TA) and suwqN and suwuwqN and suw^uwqN and [of pauc.] A^asowuqN and A^asow^uqN. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, that a man said, I applied to him to decide in a litigation with the son of my brother, and began to overcome him therein; whereupon he said, Thou art like as Aboo-Duwád says, A^an~aY A^utiyHa lahu HirobaA='u tanoDubapK laA yurosilu Als~aAqa A_il~aA mumosikFA saAqaA [Whencesoever, or however, a preparation is made for him, to catch him, he is like a chameleon of a tree of the kind called tanoDub, he will not loose the stem thereof unless grasping a stem]: he meant that no plea of his came to nought but he clung to another; likening him to the chameleon, which places itself facing the sun, and ascends half-way up the tree, or shrub, then climbs to the branches when the sun becomes hot, then climbs to a higher branch, and will not loose the former until it grasps the other. (O, TA. *) ― -b4- [Hence, perhaps, as it seems to be indicated in the O,] one says, waladato fulaAnapu valaAvapa baniyna EalaY saAqK, (K, [in the copies of which, however, I find valaAva put for valaAvapa,]) or EalaY saAqK waAHidK, (S,) or waAHidapK, (O,) i. e. (tropical:) Such a woman brought forth three sons, one after another, without any girl between them: (S, O, K, TA:) so says ISk: and wulida lifulaAnK valaAvapu A^awolaAdK saAqFA EalaY saAqK, i. e. (tropical:) Three children were born to such a one, one after another. (TA.) And banaY Alqawomu buyuwtahumo EalaY saAqK waAHidK (assumed tropical:) [The people, or party, built their houses, or constructed their tents, in one row or series]. (TA.) ― -b5- saAqN also signifies (assumed tropical:) The soul, or self; syn. nafosN: hence the saying of 'Alee (in the war of the [schismatics called] $uraAp), laAbud~a liY mino qitaAlihimo walawo talifato saAqiY (assumed tropical:) [There is not for me any way of avoiding combating them, though my soul, or self, should perish by my doing so]. (Abu-l-' Abbás, O, TA.) So too in the saying, qadaHa fiY saAqihi [as though meaning (tropical:) He cankered his very soul]: (IAar, TA in art. qdH:) [or] he deceived him, and did that which was displeasing to him: (L in that art.:) or (tropical:) he impugned his honour, or reputation; from the action of canker-worms (qawaAdiH) cankering the stem, or trunk, of a shrub, or tree. (A in that art.) -A2- saAqu Hur~K [is said to signify] The male of the qamaAriY~ [or species of collared turtle-doves of which the female is called qumoriy~apN (see qumoriY~N)]; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. the wara$aAn: (S, Msb:) the former appellation being given to it as imitative of its cry: (As, K:) it has neither fem. nor pl.: (AHát, TA:) or Als~aAqu is the pigeon; and AlHur~u, its young one: (Sh, K:) the poet Ibn-Harmeh uses the phrase kasaAqi A@boni Hur~K. (O, TA.) [See more in art. Hr.] : see siyaAqN. [A market, mart, or fair;] a place in which commerce is carried on; (ISd, Msb, TA;) a place of articles of merchandise: (Mgh, TA:) so called because people drive their commodities thither: (TA:) [in the S unexplained, and in the K only said to be well-known:] of the fem. gender, and masc., (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) the former in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, and the latter in that of Temeem, (S and Msb voce zuqaAqN, q. v.,) the former the more chaste, or the making it masc. is a mistake: (Msb:) pl. A^asowaAqN: (TA:) the dim. is ↓ suwayoqapN [with p, confirming the opinion of those who hold suwqN to be only fem.]: also signifying merchandise, syn. tijaArapN; as in the phrase, jaA'ato suwayoqapN [Merchandise came]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] suwqu AlHarobi (tropical:) The thickest, or most vehement part (Hawomap) of the fight; (S, K, TA;) and so AlHarobi ↓ suwqapu; i. e. the midst thereof. (TA.) Length of the shanks: (S, K:) or beauty thereof: (K:) or it signifies also beauty of the shank. (S.) (tropical:) The rear, or hinder part, of an army: (S, Mgh, K, TA:) pl. of ↓ saAy^iqN; being those who drive on the army from behind them, and who guard them: (TA:) or as though pl. of saAy^iqN, like as qaAdapN is of qaAy^idN. (Mgh.) And hence, saAqapu AlHaAj~i (tropical:) [The rear of the company of pilgrims]. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A subject, and the subjects, of a king; (K, TA;) so called because driven by him; (TA;) contr. of malikN; (S, Mgh, Msb;) whether practising traffic or not: (Mgh:) not meaning of the people of the A^asowaAq [or markets], as the vulgar think; (Msb;) for such are called suwqiy~uwna, sing. suwqiY~N: (Ham p. 534:) it is used alike as sing. and pl. (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and dual (Mgh, Msb) and masc. and fem.: (S, K:) but sometimes it has suwaqN for its pl. (S, K.) -A2- suwqapu AlT~urovuwvi [in the CK, erroneously, Alt~urovuwvi] The part of the [plant called] Trvwv that is below the nikoEap [or nakaEap or nukaEap, which is the head from the top to the extent of a finger, or the flower at the head thereof]; (O, K;) sweet and pleasant: so says Ibn-' Abbád: (O:) AHn says [of the Trvwv], it is like the penis of the ass, and there is no part of it more pleasant, nor sweeter, than its swqp; which is in some instances long; and in some, short. (TA.) -A3- See also suwqN, last sentence. [Of, or relating to, the suwq, or market]. Its pl., suwqiy~uwna, means The people of the suwq (Ham p. 534.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A^adiymN suwqiY~N A skin, or hide, prepared, or dressed; in a good state: or not prepared or dressed: it is ascribed to the vulgar: and there is a difference of opinion respecting it: the second [explanation, or meaning,] is that which is commonly known. (TA.) Meal of parched barley ($aEiyr), or of [the species thereof, or similar grain, called] sulot, likewise parched; and it is also of wheat; but is mostly made of barley ($Eyr); (MF, TA;) what is made of wheat or of barley; (Msb, TA;) well known: (S, Msb, K, TA:) [it is generally made into a kind of gruel, or thick ptisan, being moistened with water, or clarified butter, or fat of a sheep's tail, &c.; (see lat~a;) and is therefore said (in the Msb in art. Hsw and in the KT voce A^akolN, &c.,) to be supped, or sipped, not eaten: but it is likewise thus called when dry; and in this state is taken in the palm of the hand and conveyed to the mouth, or licked up: (see HaAf~q, and qamiHa:) it is also made of other grains beside those mentioned above; and of several mealy fruits; of the fruit of the Theban palm; (see HatiY~N;) and of the carob; (see xar~uwbN;) &c.:] it is also, sometimes, with S: so says IDrd in the Jm: and he adds, I think it to be of the dial. of Benoo-Temeem: it is peculiar to that of Benul-' Ambar: (O, TA:) the n. un. [meaning a portion, or mess, thereof] is with p: (AAF, TA in art. j$:) and the pl. is A^asowiqapN. (TA.) ― -b2- And Wine: (AA, K:) also called sawiyqu Alkaromi. (AA, TA.) [an inf. n. of 1 (q. v.) in several senses. ― -b2- As a subst., properly so termed,] (tropical:) A dowry, or nuptial gift; (K, TA;) as also ↓ sawoqN [which is likewise originally an inf. n.: see 1]. (TA.) ― -b3- [Also, as a subst. properly so termed, (assumed tropical:) The following part of a discourse &c.; opposed to sibaAqN: you say sibaAqu AlkalaAmi wasiyaAquhu (assumed tropical:) the preceding and following parts of the discourse; the context, before and after: see, again 1. And (assumed tropical:) The drift, thread, tenour, or scope, of a discourse &c.] dim. of saAqN, q. v.: (Msb, TA:) -A2- and of suwqN, also, q. v. (TA.) : see saAy^iqN. -A2- Also A seller, and a maker, of sawiyq. (Mgh.) Long in the saAq [or shank]. (AA, K. [See also A^asowaqu.]) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) Having a saAq [or stem]; applied to a plant. (Ibn-Abbád, K.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) The TaloE [or spadix] of a palm-tree, when it has come forth, and become a span in length. (K.) [Driving, or a driver;] the agent of the verb in the phrase saAqa AlmaA$iyapa: as also ↓ saw~aAqN (S, K) in an intensive sense [as meaning Driving much or vehemently, or a vehement driver]: (S, TA:) pl. of the former saAqapN, q. v. (TA.) maEahaA saAy^iqN wa$ahiydN, in the Kur [l. 20], is said to mean Having with it a driver to the place of congregation [for judgment] and a witness to testify against it of its works: (TA:) i. e. an angel driving it, and another angel testifying of its works: or an angel performing both of these offices: or a writer of evil deeds and a writer of good deeds: or its own person, or its consociate [devil], and its members, or its works. (Bd.) , [originally saywoiqN,] (assumed tropical:) Clouds (saHaAbN, AZ, As, S, K) driven by the wind, (AZ, As, S,) containing no water, (AZ, S, K,) or whether containing water or not. (As.) , [a subst. formed from the epithet say~iqN by the affix p,] originally sayowiqapN, (TA,) Beasts (dawaAb~) driven by the enemy; (S, K;) like wasiyqapN: so in a verse cited voce jabaA^a: (S:) or a number of camels, of a tribe, driven away together, or attacked by a troop of horsemen and driven away. (Z, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, Almaro'u say~iqapu Alqadari (assumed tropical:) [Man, or the man, is the impelled of destiny]; i. e. destiny drives him to that which is destined for him, and will not pass him by. (TA.) ― -b3- say~iqapN signifies also An animal by means of which [in the O bihaA for which fiyhaA is erroneously put in the K,] the sportsman conceals himself, and then shoots, or casts, at the wild animals: (O, K:) like qay~idapN: (A in art. qwd:) said by Th to be a she-camel [used for that purpose]: (TA:) [so called because driven towards the objects of the chase: see dariyoy^apN:] pl. sayaAy^iqu. (K.) [See also misowaqN.] A man (S, * TA) long in the shanks: (S, K: [see also suw~aAqN:]) or thick in the shanks: (IDrd, TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) beautiful in the shank or shanks, (S, K,) applied to a man: and so sawoqaA='u applied to a woman: (S:) Lth explains the latter as meaning a woman having plump shanks, with hair. (TA.) (Lth, O, K, in the CK AasaAqp,) The strap of the horse's strirrup. (Lth, O, K.) , (JK, O, and TA as from the Tekmileh,) or musowiqN, like muHosinN, (K, [but this I think to be a mistake,]) means Al~a*iY yusaAwqu AlS~ayoda [i. e. (tropical:) A camel that vies with the animals of the chase in driving on, or in strength]; (JK, O, K;) so says Ibn-' Abbád: (O:) accord. to the L, a camel by means of which one conceals himself from the animals of the chase, to circumvent them. (TA. [See also say~iqapN, last signification.]) [ A staff, or stick, with which cattle are driven: pl. masaAwiqu: perhaps post-classical.] i. q. taAbiEN [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) A follower, or servant; as though driven]. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) A relation; syn. qariybN. (Ibn- ' Abbád, O, K.) ― -b3- And EalamN munosaAqN (assumed tropical:) A mountain extending along the surface of the earth. (Ibn- ' Abbád, O, K *) swk , (IDrd, O, Msb, K,) aor. yasuwku, inf. n. suwokN, (IDrd, O, Msb,) He rubbed the thing, or rubbed it well. (IDrd, O, Msb, K.) ― -b2- See also 2. -A2- And see 6. , (S, O, Msb,) or sw~k famahu biAlEuwdi, (K,) inf. n. tasowiykN; (S, O, Msb, K;) and ↓ saAkahu, (O, K,) aor. and inf. n. as in the first paragraph, (O,) or inf. n. siwaAkN; (Msb; [there said to be an inf. n., as well as a subst. syn. with misowaAkN, but without the mention of its verb;]) and ↓ AstAk and ↓ tswak, these two used without the mention of the mouth (S, O, Msb, K) or the stick; (K;) [He rubbed and cleaned his teeth with the siwaAk, or misowaAk.] see the next preceding paragraph. [each an inf. n., the verb of the latter, if it have one, being app. ↓ saAka,] A weak manner of going: or a bad manner of going, resulting from slowness or emaciation: (K, TA:) so says ISk. (TA.) One says, jaA='ati AlA_ibilu tasaAwaku, [for tatasaAwaku,] i. e. The camels came inclining from side to side, in consequence of weakness, in their going along. (S, O.) [Or] tsAwkt AlA_ibilu means The camels had an agitation of their necks in consequence of leanness. (IF, Msb.) In the M it is said that jaA='at Alganamu maAtasaAwaku means The sheep, or goats, came, not moving their heads, in consequence of weakness. (TA.) see 2. and ↓ misowaAkN signify the same; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) i. e. A tooth-stick; a piece of stick with which the teeth are rubbed [and cleaned, the end being made like a brush by beating or chewing it so as to separate the fibres]; (K, * TA;) [commonly] a piece of stick of the [kind of tree called] A^araAk: (Msb:) accord. to IDrd, derived from sukotu Al$~aYo'a meaning “ I rubbed, or rubbed well, the thing; ” (O, Msb;) accord. to IF, from tsAwkt AlA_ibilu [expl. above]: (Msb:) accord. to Lth, (T, TA,) siwaAkN is masc. and fem., (IDrd, T, M, O, K,) though it is the more approvable way to make it masc.; (O;) but Az holds this to be a mistake, and the word to be masc. [only]; and Hr says that this assertion of Lth is one of his foul mistakes: (TA:) its pl. is suwukN (S, O, Msb, K) and suwokN (Az, TA) and suw^ukN, (AHn, TA,) and [of pauc.] A^asowikapN; and the pl. of ↓ misowaAkN is masaAwiyku. (TA.) In the saying, in a trad., xayoru xilaAli AlS~aAy^imi Als~iwaAku, a prefixed n. is [said to be] suppressed [so that the meaning is The best of the habits, or customs, of the faster is the use of the tooth-stick: but see 2, where siwaAkN is said, on the authority of the Msb, to be also an inf. n.]. : see siwaAkN, in two places. swl , aor. yasaAlu, (Akh, and S, M, Msb, K, all in art. sA^l,) like xaAfa, aor. yaxaAfu, (Msb and K ibid.,) first pers. pret. silotu, [like xifotu,] (Sb, M in the present art., [in the K in this art., erroneously, salotu,]) and aor. A^asaAlu, (Sb, M and K in this art.,) imperative salo, (S, Msb, K, TA, all in art. sA^l,) dual salaA, and pl. saluwA, these two being irregular, (Msb in that art.,) inf. n. suwaAlN, (M and K in the present art.,) mentioned by Sb and by Th, (M ibid.,) and siwaAlN, (M and K ibid.,) mentioned by Th, (M ibid.,) i. q. saA^ala [He asked, &c.], (Akh, and S, M, Msb, K, all in art. sA^l,) and saA^alotu; a dial. var. of the verb with A^, (Sb, M and K in the present art.,) the medial radical being originally w, (M and K ibid.,) not a substitute for A^, (M ibid.) as is shown by the phrase humaAyatasaAwalaAni, (M and K ibid.,) mentioned by AZ: (M ibid.:) it is of the dial. of Hudheyl. (TA in art. sA^l.) [For the pass. (siyla &c.), see saA^ala.] A certain elegant scholar says, saAlato ha*ayolN rasuwla A@ll~`hi faAHi$apF i. e. [Hudheyl] asked of the Apostle of God as a thing wished for [something beyond measure evil]: it is not from saA^ala, [i. e. it is originally sawila, not formed from saA^ala by the substitution of A for A^,] as many of the elegant scholars say. (Er-Rághib, TA.) -A2- sawila, (M, K,) [aor. yasowalu,] inf. n. sawalN, (M,) He, or it, was, or became, lax, flaccid, or uncompact; or it hung down loosely; was, or became, pendent, or pendulous: (M, K:) [or, said of a man, he was, or became, flaccid, or pendulous, in the belly, or in the part of the belly below the navel; as appears from an explanation of A^asowalu and from what here follows:] sawalN, (S, TA,) in the K, erroneously, ↓ sawolap, (TA,) signifies flaccidity, or uncompactness, or pendulousness, (S, K, TA,) of the belly, (K,) and so ↓ tasaw~ulN and tasaw~unN, (TA,) or of the part of the belly below the navel; (S, TA;) and of other things, (K, TA,) as, for instance, (TA,) of a cloud also. (S, TA.) , (S,) or ka*aA, (M, K,) or Al$~aYo'a, (Msb,) inf. n. tasowiylN, (TA,) His soul embellished [or commended] to him (S, M, Msb, * K) a thing, or an affair, (S,) or such a thing, (M, K,) or the thing: (Msb:) or made it [to appear] easy to him, and a light matter in his eyes; from sawalN signifying “ laxness ” or the like: (Bd in xii. 18:) the inf. n. signifies the embellishing, a thing, and making it to be loved or approved, in order that one may do it or say it: (TA:) or the soul's embellishing a thing that is eagerly desired, and picturing what is foul thereof as goodly: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and it is said to be from suwlN signifying “ an object of a man's desire, which embellishes to the seeker thereof that which is false, or vain, and other things of the deceptions of the present world. ” (TA.) ― -b2- You say also, yusaw~alu A_ilaY~a ka*aA Such a thing is imaged in the mind to me; is an object of fancy to me; or seems to me. (L in art. hd.) ― -b3- And sw~l lahu said of the Devil, He led him into error; or made him to err: (M, K:) or facilitated to him the commission of great sins; from sawalN meaning as expl. above in this paragraph: or incited him to indulgence in appetences, or lusts; from Als~uwlu meaning [by implication] Alt~aman~iY: (Bd in xlvii. 27:) or [as though meaning] let down his rope [to him to aid in the accomplishment of his desire]. (Ham p. 748.) see 5 in art. sA^l: -A2- and 1, last sentence, in the present art. [They two ask, or beg, each other; i. q. yatasaA='alaAni, q. v.]: (M, K:) a phrase mentioned by AZ. (M.) i. q. masoA^alapN [as signifying A petition; or a request; meaning a thing that is, or has been, asked, or begged; see suw^olN]; (TA;) as also ↓ suwlapN; (K, TA;) each, (TA,) a dial. var. of the word with ': (K, TA: [but it is also said in the latter that suw^olN is the original of suwlN because the readers of the Kur-án read the word with ' in chap. xx. verse 36:]) or an object of desire or wish (A^umoniy~apN), which one asks; (TA:) or an object of want, which the soul eagerly desires: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or an object of a man's desire (A^umoniy~apN), which embellishes to the seeker thereof that which is false, or vain, and other things of the deceptions of the present world: but there is a difference between suwlN and ↓ suwlapN on the one hand and A^umoniy~apN on the other hand, in that the former relate to what is sought, or demanded, and Amny~p relates to what is meditated (qud~ira); (TA;) [for] this last primarily signifies “ a thing that a man meditates (yuqad~iruhu) in his mind, ” from manaY signifying qad~ara; (Bd in ii. 73;) so that the ↓ suwlap seems to be after the A^umoniy~ap: (TA:) suwlN may be from saw~alato lahu nafosuhu ka*aA in the first of the senses assigned to it above, and [from] saw~ala said of the Devil in the last of the senses assigned to it above. (Ham p. 748.) [See also suwaAlN, below.] : see 1, last sentence. : see suwlN, in three places. , (M, K,) applied to a man, (M,) One who asks, or begs, much; (K;) i. q. [suw^alapN and] saw^uwlN. (M.) an inf. n. of saAla as syn. with saA^ala: (Sb, Th, M, K:) [and used as a simple subst., like suwlN and suwlapN, for] IJ mentions A^asowilapN as its pl. (M, TA.) An equal. (M, K.) So in the saying, A^anaA sawiyluka fiY h`*aA AlA^amori [I am thy equal in this affair]. (M.) Lax, flaccid, or uncompact; or hanging down loosely; or pendent, or pendulous; in the lower part: (M, K:) or a man flaccid, or pendulous, in the part of the belly below the navel: fem. sawolaA='u: and pl. suwlN. (S.) And saHaAbN A^asowalu Clouds that are uncompact, (S, TA,) their skirts, or fringes, hanging down; and in like manner, saHaAy^ibu suwlN; sing. saHaAbapN sawlaA='u. (TA.) And dalowN sawolaA='u A large bucket. (M, K. *) swm , inf. n. of saAma, primarily signifies The going, or going away, engaged, or occupied, in seeking, or in seeking for or after, or in seeking to find and take or to get, a thing: and sometimes it is used as meaning the going, or going away; as when it is said of camels [or the like]: and sometimes, as meaning the seeking, or seeking for or after, or seeking to find and take or to get; as when it relates to selling or buying. (Er-Rághib, TA.) ― -b2- You say, saAmati AlmaA$iyapu (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) or Aln~aEamu (M) or AlmaAlu, (K,) aor. tasuwmu, (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. sawomN, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) The cattle pastured (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) by themselves (Msb) where they pleased; and in like manner, Alganamu [the sheep or goats]: or went away at random, or roved, pasturing where they pleased. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence, sAm, inf n as above, He did as he pleased.] You say, xal~ayotuhu wasawomahu I left him to do as he pleased. (S, M, K * [In the CK, xal~Ahu wasaw~amahu limaAyuriyduhu is put for xal~aAhu wasawomahu limaA yuriyduhu; and the like is done in one of my copies of the S. See also 2.]) ― -b4- And saAma, (S,) or saAmati AlA_ibilu, and Alr~iyHu, (M, K,) or Alr~iyaAHu, (S,) inf. n. as above, (S, M,) He, or it, (S,) or the camels, and the wind, (M, K,) or the winds, (S,) passed, went, or went on or along: (S, M, K:) or sawomN signifies the passing, &c., quickly; one says of a she camel, saAmat, aor. and inf. n. as above, she passed, &c., quickly; (As, TA;) and hence the saying of Dhu-l-Bijádeyn cited in art. ErD, voce taEar~aDa: or the passing, &c., quickly, with the desire of making a sound in going along. (TA.) ― -b5- And saAmati AlT~ayoru EalaY Al$~aYo'i, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) The birds went, [or hovered,] or circled, round about the thing: (M, K:) or, as some say, sawomN signifies any going, [or hovering,] or circling, round about. (M.) -A2- [As mentioned in the first sentence of this art.,] sawomN is also in selling and buying. (S.) You say, sAm Als~iloEapa, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Msb,) He (the seller) offered the commodity, or article of merchandise, (Mgh, Msb:) and it is also said of the purchaser, like ↓ AisotaAmahaA, (Mgh, Msb,) meaning he sought to obtain the sale of the commodity, or article of merchandise: and one says also of the seller, and of the purchaser, sAm biAls~iloEapi, meaning he mentioned the price of the commodity [in offering it for sale, and in offering to purchase it]: (Msb:) and in like manner, sumotu fulaAnFA siloEatiY, inf. n. as above, I said to such a one, “ Wilt thou take [or purchase] my commodity for such a price? ” (TA:) and saAmaniY bisiloEatihi he (the seller, Msb) mentioned to me the price of his commodity [in offering it for sale]: (Msb, TA:) [and, agreeably with these explanations,] Kr says that Als~awomu signifies AlEaroDu [i. e. the act of offering, &c.]: (M, TA:) or sumotu biAls~iloEapi, inf. n. sawomN (M, K) and suwaAmN, with damm; (K, TK; [in the former only said to be syn. with sawomN in selling and buying;]) and ↓ saAwamotu, (M, K,) inf. n. siwaAmN; (TA;) and bihaA ↓ Aisotamotu and EalayohaA; signify gaAlayotu [which means I offered the commodity for sale, mentioning its price, and was exorbitant in my demand: and also I purchased the commodity for a dear, or an excessive, price: and both these meanings are app. here intended]: (M, K, TA:) and in like manner, Als~iloEapa ↓ Aisotamotuhu [I offered to him the commodity for sale, &c.: and I purchased of him the commodity, &c.]: (TA:) or, as some say, (so in the TA, but in the M and K “ and, ”) this last, as also EalaY Als~iloEapi, ↓ Aisotamotuhu, means ↓ saA^alotuhu sawomahaA [i. e. I asked him the price at which the commodity was to be sold]: (M, K, TA:) and saAmaniyhaA, (M,) or ↓ saAwamaniyhaA, (TA, [but the former is app. the right,]) means ↓ *akara liY sawomahaA [i. e. he mentioned to me the price at which it was to be sold]: (M, TA:) you say also, Ealayohi ↓ Aisotamotu bisiloEatiY when you mention the price of the commodity [i. e. it means I mentioned to him the price at which I would sell my commodity]: and you say, min~iY siloEatiY ↓ AisotaAma when he is the person who offers to thee the price [i. e. it means he offered to me a price for my commodity; or he sought to obtain from me the sale of my commodity by offering a price for it]: (TA:) and EalaY~a ↓ AisotaAma he contended [by bidding] against me in a sale: (S, * PS:) or EalaY~a Als~iloEapa ↓ AisotaAma, which means AstAm EalaY sawomiY [i. e. he sought to obtain the sale of the commodity in opposition to me, or to my seeking it]. (Msb. [See also 3.]) Hence, [Mo- hammad is related to have said,] laA yasuwmu Alr~ajulu EalaY sawomi A^axiyhi, (Mgh,) or lAyswm A^aHadukumo ElY swm Axyh, (Msb,) i. e. [The man, or any one of you,] shall not purchase [in opposition to his brother]: (Mgh, Msb:) and it may mean shall not sell; the case being that of a man's offering to the purchaser his commodity for a certain price, and another's then saying, “ I have the like thereof for less than this price: ” so that the prohibition relates in common to the seller and the buyer: (M:) and the saying is also related otherwise, i. e. ↓ laAyasotaAmu, meaning shall not purchase. (Mgh.) And it is said in a trad., nahaY Eani Als~awomi qabola TuluwEi Al$~amosi, meaning, accord. to Aboo-Is-hák, A^ano bisiloEatihi ↓ yusaAwima [i. e. He (Mohammad) forbade the offering a commodity for sale before the rising of the sun]; because that is a time in which God is to be praised, and one should not be diverted by other occupation: or, he says, it may mean the pasturing of camels; because, before sunrise, when the pasturage is moist with dew, it occasions a fatal disease. (TA.) You say also, sumotuka HasanapF ↓ baEiyraka siymapF [I have mentioned to thee a good price for thy camel]. (S.) And fiyhi ↓ AisotaAma gaAliyapF ↓ siymapF [He demanded for it a dear price]. (TA in art. Hvr.) And saAmahu biEamalK [He made to him an offer of working, mentioning the rate of payment; or bargained, or contracted, with him for work]. (K in art. Eml. [See also 3.]) ― -b2- The Arabs also say, EaraDa EalaY~a sawoma EaAl~apK [He offered to me in the manner of offering water to camels taking a second draught]; meaning like the saying of the vulgar, EaroDa saAbiriY~K: (Ks, TA: [see art. sbr:]) a prov. applied to him who offers to thee that of which thou hast no need. (Sh, TA. [See also art. El; and see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 84.]) ― -b3- And you say, saAmahu AlA^mora, (M, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. sawomN, (M, TA,) He imposed upon him, or made him to undertake, the affair, as a task, or in spite of difficulty or trouble or inconvenience; or he ordered, required, or constrained, him to do the thing, it being difficult or troublesome or inconvenient: (M, K, TA:) or he brought upon him the affair, or event; (Zj, M, K, TA;) as also ↓ saw~amahu, (K,) inf. n. tasowiymN: (TA:) or he endeavoured to induce him, or incited him, or made him, to do, or to incur, the affair, or event: (Sh, TA:) it is mostly used in relation to punishment, and evil, (Zj, M, K, TA,) and wrong-doing: and hence the saying in the Kur [ii. 46 and vii. 137 and xiv. 6], yasuwmuwnakumo suwo'a A@loEa*aAbi They bringing upon you evil punish- ment or torment: (Zj, M, TA:) or seeking, or desiring, for you evil punishment: (Ksh and Bd in ii. 46:) or endeavouring to induce you to incur it: (Ksh ibid.:) from saAmahu xasofFA [expl. by what here follows]. (Ksh and Bd ibid.) You say, sumotuhu xasofFA I brought upon him xasof [i. e. wrong, or wrong treatment, as expl. in the Ksh and by Bd ubi suprà]: or I endeavoured to induce him to incur it (A^aradotuhu Ealayohi): (S:) [see also xasofN: and sumotuhu xuT~apa xasofK; expl. in art. xT:] and siyma Alxasofa He was constrained to incur, or to do, what is termed Alxasof [meaning abasement or ignominy, or that which was difficult]: (TA:) and sumotuhu *ul~FA I abased him. (Msb.) -A3- saAmahu, aor. as above, also signifies He kept, or clave, to it, not quitting it. (M, * TA.) -A4- See also 4. , (S, K,) or AlA_ibila, (M,) [inf n. tasowiymN,] He sent forth (S, M, K) the horses, (S, K,) or the camels, (M,) [sometimes meaning] to the pasturage, to pasture where they would. (TA. [See also 4.]) ― -b2- [Hence,] sw~mhu means xal~aAhu wasawomahu, (AZ, S, M, K,) i. e. [He left him] to do as he pleased; namely, a man. (AZ, S, K. [In the CK is a mistranscription in this place, before mentioned: see 1, fourth sentence.]) Whence the prov., EabodN wasuw~ima A slave, and he has been left to do as he pleases. (TA.) ― -b3- And saw~amotu fulaAnFA fiY maAliY I gave such a one authority to judge, give judgment, pass sentence, or decide judicially, respecting my property. (AO, S: and in like manner saw~mhu fiY maAlihi is expl. in the M and K.) And saw~amotuhu A^amoriY I made him to have the ordering and deciding of my affair, or case, to do what he would; like saw~afotuhu A^amoriY. (TA in art. swf.) ― -b4- And sw~m EalaY Alqawomi He urged his horses [xayolahu being understood] against the people, or party, and made havoc among them. (S, K.) ― -b5- And tasowiymN signifies also The making a horse to sweat well. (KL.) ― -b6- See also 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph. -A2- And sw~m Alfarasa, (M, K,) inf. n. tasowiymN, (K,) He put a mark upon the horse: (M, K:) he marked the horse with a piece of silk (bHryrp [perhaps a mistranscription for biHadiydapK i. e. with an iron such as is used for branding]), or with something whereby he should be known. (Lth, TA.) See also 5. [And see 4.] (S, Msb) biAls~iloEapi (MA) [and fiY Als~iloEapi agreeably with what here follows and with an ex. in art. bkr], inf. n. siwaAmN (S, Msb) and musaAwamapN, (TA,) [I bargained, or chaffered, with him, or] I contended with him in bargaining, or chaffering, for the commodity, or article of merchandise, (MA, Msb, * TA,) and in deciding the price: (TA:) and ↓ tasaAwamonaA (S, Msb, TA *) fiY Als~iloEapi (TA) [and biAls~ilaEapi agreeably with what here precedes] We bargained, or chaffered, for the commodity, or article of merchandise, [or contended in doing so,] one offering it for a certain price, and another demanding it for a lower price. (Msb.) See also 1, in three places. , (S, Mgh, Msb,) or AlA_ibila, (M, K,) inf. n. A_isaAmapN, (Mgh,) He pastured the cattle, or the camels: (M, Mgh, K, TA:) or he sent forth, or took forth, the cattle, or the camels, to pasture: (S, TA:) or he made the cattle [or the camels] to pasture by themselves [where they pleased (see 1)]: (Msb:) and [in like manner] AlA_ibila ↓ sumotu I left the camels to pasture [by themselves where they pleased]. (Th, TA. [See also 2.]) Hence, in the Kur [xvi. 10], fiyhi tusiymuwna (S) Upon which ye pasture your beasts. (Jel.) ― -b2- [And accord. to Freytag, AsAm occurs in the Deewán of Jereer as meaning He urged a horse to run: or, as some say, he marked a horse with some sign. See also 2.] ― -b3- AsAm A_ilayohi bibaSarihi He cast his eye, or eyes, at him, or it. (K.) -A2- See also saAmapN. He set a mark, token, or badge, upon himself, whereby he might be known [in war &c.]. (S.) In a trad. (S, TA) respecting [the battle of] Bedr, (TA,) occur the words, tasaw~amuwA faA_in~a AlmalaAy^ikapa qadE tasaw~amato, (S, TA,) or fAn~ AlmlAy^kp qd ↓ saw~imuwA saw~amato, accord. to different relations; i. e. Make ye a mark, token, or badge, for yourselves, whereby ye may know one another [in the fight, for the angels that are assisting you have done so]. (TA.) see 3. ↓ musotaAmapN, (M,) or A^aroDN tusotaAmu fiyhaA AlA_ibilu, (TA,) means A land in which the camels pasture by themselves where they please (tasuwmu fiyhaA): (M:) or a land into which they go away [to pasture]. (TA.) [See also masaAmN.] -A2- AstAm Als~loEapa: &c.: see 1, in ten places. Death: (IAar, S, M, Mgh:) and saAmapN [as its n. un.] a death: (IAar, TA:) but the former [signifies the same in Pers., and] is said to be not Arabic. (TA.) It is related in a trad., respecting the salutation of the Jews, that they used to say, Als~aAmu Ealayokumo [Death come upon you, instead of Als~alaAmu Ealayokumo]; and that he [i. e. Mo- hammad] used to reply, Ealayokumo; accord. to the generality of the relaters, waEalayokumo, but correctly without the w, because the w implies participation: and it is related of 'Áïsheh that she used to say to them, Ealayokumu Als~aA^omu waAl*~aA^omu waAll~aEonapu, as mentioned in art. sA^m: (TA:) the Jews are also related to have said [to the Muslims], Ealayokumu Als~aAmu Ald~aAmu meaning Almawotu Ald~aAy^imu. (TA in art. dwm: see daAy^imN in that art.) -A2- Also A kind of tree, of which are made the masts (A^adoqaAl [pl. of daqalN]) of ships: (Kr, M, TA:) accord. to Sh, (TA,) the [tree called] xayozuraAn. (K, TA. [And accord. to some copies of the K, saAmapN also has this signification, and the signification expl. in the sentence here next following: but accord. to the text of the K as given in the TA, waAls~aAmapu has been erroneously substistituted in the copies above referred to for waAls~aAqapu, which, by reason of what precedes it, means that saAmapN also signifies the same as saAqapN; and if the former reading were right, the context in the K would imply that AlsAmp is also the name of a son of Noah, which is incorrect; the name of that son being only saAmN.]) -A3- Also A [hollow, or cavity, in the ground, such as is called] nuqorap, in which water remains, or stagnates, and collects. (K. [For the verb in this explanation, which is written yunoqaEu in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K, I read yanoqaEu.]) -A4- Also a pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of which the sing. [or n. un.] is saAmapN: (M, K:) the former signifies Veins of gold: and the latter, a single vein thereof: (S:) or the latter, a vein in a mountain, differing from its [general] nature; (M, K;) if running from east to west, not failing of its promise to yield silver: (M:) or the former, (M,) or latter, (K, TA,) gold, and silver; (M, K, TA;) accord. to As and IAar: (M, TA:) or, as some say, an ingot of gold, and of silver: (TA:) or veins of gold, and of silver, in the stone [or rock]: (M, K:) En-Nábighah El-Jaadee, (M,) or Edh-Dhubyánee, (TA,) uses AlsAm as meaning silver; for he likens thereto a woman's front teeth in respect of their whiteness: (M, TA:) and Aboo-Sa'eed says that silver is called in Pers. siymo, and in Ar. saAmN: (TA:) but the meaning most commonly known is gold. (M, TA.) A poet says, (M,) namely, Keys Ibn-El-Khateem, (S,) lawa A@n~aka tuloqiY HanoZalFA fawoqa bayoDinaA tadaHoraja Eano *iY saAmihi AlmutaqaAribi (S, M,) [i. e. If thou threwest colocynths upon our helmets, they would roll along from what is gilded thereof, they being near together: lawa A@n~aka is for lawo A^an~aka: and] the h in saAmihi relates to the byD [which are described as] gilded therewith: (S:) the poet is describing the party as being close together in fight, so that colocynths, notwithstanding their smoothness and the evenness of their parts, if they fell upon their heads, would not reach the ground. (Th, S, * M.) [is originally an inf. n.: see 1, passim: -A2- and is also used as a subst. signifying The price of any commodity, or article of merchandise; like ↓ siymapN and ↓ suwmapN]. You say, saA^alotuhu sawomahaA, and *akara liY sawomahaA, referring to a siloEap [or commodity]: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. And HasanapF ↓ sumotuka baEiyraka siymapF, and AisotaAma gaAliyapF ↓ fiyhi siymapF: see again 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. And ↓ A_in~ahu lagaAliY Als~iymapi (S, M, K) and ↓ Als~uwmapi, meaning Als~awomi [i. e. Verily it is dear in price]. (M, K.) ↓ siymapN and ↓ suwmapN are both substs. from saAma as used in the phrase saAmaniY Alr~ajulu bisiloEatihi [and the like]; (TA;) syn. with qiymapN. (Har p. 435 in explanation of the former.) [as n. un. of saAmN: see the latter, first sentence, and last but one. -A2- Also] A Hafor, (M, and so in copies of the K,) or Huforap, (K accord. to the TA,) [i. e. hollow dug in the ground, app. to be filled with water for cattle,] by a well (EalaY rakiy~apK): its pl. is siyamN [originally siwamN]: and you say, ↓ A^asaAmahaA, (M, K, TA,) inf. n. A_isaAmapN, meaning He dug it [i. e. the sAmp]. (TA.) -A3- Also i. q. saAqapN [q. v.], (K, accord. to the TA, [as mentioned above, see saAmN,]) on the authority of IAar. (TA.) ; see sawomN, in three places. -A2- Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ siymapN (M, K) and ↓ siymaY, also written siymaA, (S, M, K, TA, but omitted in some copies of the K,) and ↓ siymaA='u and ↓ siymiyaA='u, (S, M, K,) the last mentioned by As, (TA,) [and it occurs with tenween by poetic license, being properly like kiboriyaA='u, a rare form, q. v.,] A mark, sign, token, or badge, by which a thing is known, (S, * M, K,) or by which the good is known from the bad: (TA:) accord. to J, (TA,) the suwmap is a mark, &c., that is put upon a sheep or goat, and such as is used in war or battle; (S, TA;) whence the verb tasaw~ama [q. v.]: (S:) and accord. to IAar the ↓ siymap is a mark upon the wool of sheep; and its pl. is siyamN: [see also simapN, in art. wsm:] accord. to IDrd, one says, ↓ Ealayohi siymaY HasanapF, meaning Upon him, or it, is a good mark &c.; and it is from wasamotu, aor. A^asimu; being originally wisomaY; the w being transposed, and changed into Y because of the kesreh before it: (TA:) this form occurs in the Kur [xlviii. 29], where it is said, siymaA humo fiY wujuwhihimo [Their mark is upon their faces; and in several other places thereof]. (S.) : see sawomN, in five places: -A2- and see also suwmapN, in two places. [For the meanings “ pactus ” and “ pastum missus, ” assigned to it by Golius, as from the S, and copied by Freytag, I find no foundation.] , also written siymaA: see suwmapN, in two places. : see suwmapN. : see suwmapN. ― -b2- [In the present day it is applied to Natural magic: from the Pers. siymoyaA.] : see saAy^imN. -A2- Also Two small hollows (nuqorataAni) beneath the eye of the horse. (K.) -A3- [And accord. to Freytag, it occurs in the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen in a sense which he explains by “ Malum ” (an evil, &c.).] [The offering a commodity for sale, &c.: see 1. -A2- Also] A certain bird. (K.) : see art. swY. [Going, or going away, engaged, or occupied, in seeking, or in seeking for or after, or in seeking to find and take or to get, a thing: (see 1, first sentence:)] going away at random, or roving, wherever he will. (TA.) And [particularly], (S,) as also ↓ sawaAmN (As, S, M, K) and saAy^imapN, (As, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) Cattle, (maAlN, S, TA, or maA$iyapN, Mgh, Msb,) or camels, (As, M, K, TA,) and sheep or goats, (TA,) pasturing (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) by themselves (Msb) where they please; (TA;) or sent forth to pasture, and not fed with fodder among the family [to whom they belong]; (As, Mgh, TA;) or pasturing in the deserts, left to go and pasture where they will: (TA:) the pl. of saAy^imN and of saAy^imapN is sawaAy^imu: (S:) the pass. part. n. musaAmN is not used. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., fiY saAy^imapi Alganami zakaApN [In the case of pasturing sheep or goats, there is a poor-rate]. (TA.) And in another trad., Als~aAy^imapu jubaArN, i. e. The beast (daAb~ap) that is sent away into its place of pasture, if it hurt a human being, the injury committed by it is a thing for which no mulct is exacted. (TA.) And it is related in a trad. respecting the emigration to Abyssinia, that the Nejáshee said to those who had emigrated to his country, AumokuvuwA faA^anotumo suyuwmN biA^araDiY, i. e. [Tarry ye, and ye will be] secure [in my land]: IAth says that thus it is explained: and sywm is [said to be] an Abyssinian word: it is related also with fet-h to the s: and some say that suyuwmN is pl. of saAy^imN [like as $uhuwdN is said to be of $aAhidN]; i. e., ye shall rove (tasuwmuwna) in my country like the sheep, or goats, pasturing where they please (kaAlganami Als~aAy^imapi), no one opposing you: (TA:) or, as some relate the trad., it is $uyuwmN. (TA in art. $ym.) [ A place where cattle pasture by themselves where they please; a place where they rove about, pasturing: like A^aroDN musotaAmapN. ― -b2- Freytag explains it as meaning A place of passage: ― -b3- and A quick passage: from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen.] A wide and thick piece of wood at the bottom of the qaAEidataAni [or two side-posts] of the door. (K.) ― -b2- And A staff in the fore part of the [women's camel-vehicle called] hawodaj. (K.) means The pastured horses: (S, Msb, TA:) or the horses sent forth with their riders upon them: (AZ, Az, Msb, TA:) or it means, (TA,) or means also, (S, Msb,) the marked horses; (S, Msb, TA;) marked by a colour differing from the rest of the colour; or by branding: (TA:) or the horses of goodly make. (Ham p. 62, and TA. [See the Kur iii. 12.]) ― -b2- musaw~amiyna, in the Kur [iii. 121], may mean, accord. to Akh, either Marked [by the colours, or the like, of their horses, so as to be distinguished from others], or sent forth; and is thus with y and n [because applied to rational beings, namely, angels, and] because the horses were marked, or sent forth, and upon them were their riders. (S.) ― -b3- And HijaArapF mino TiynK musaw~amapF Einoda rab~ika, (S, * M, K, *) in the Kur [li. 33 and 34], (S, M,) means [Stones of baked clay] having upon them the semblance of seals [impressed in the presence of thy Lord], (S, K, Er-Rághib,) in order that they may be known to be from God: (Er-Rághib:) or marked (Zj, M, Bd, K, Jel) with whiteness and redness, (Zj, M, K,) as is related on the authority of El-Hasan, (Zj, M,) or with a mark whereby it shall be known that they are not of the stones of this world (M, K) but of the things wherewith God inflicts punishment, (M,) or [each] with the name of him upon whom it is to be cast: (Jel:) or sent forth: (Bd, TA:) but Er-Rághib says that the first is the proper way of explaining it. (TA.) , applied to a land (A^aroDN): see 8. swn : see 1 in art. swl, last sentence. swY , aor. yasowaY: see 3, in two places. -A2- [Accord. to Golius, sawaY, inf. n. siwFY, signifies He intended, or proposed to himself: this he says as on the authority of the KL, in which only the inf. n. is mentioned with the explanation qSd wA=hnG krdn: and to this, Freytag adds the authority of Meyd; and also that the verb governs the thing which is its objective complement in the accus. case. In the S and other lexicons of good repute, I find the meaning of qaSada assigned to AisotawaY followed by A_ilaY; but in none to sawaY.] , (S, M, &c.,) inf. n. tasowiyapN, (K,) He made it equal, equable, uniform, even, level, flat, plane or plain; (S, * M, MA, Msb, K;) or equal in respect of elevation or of depression; (Er-Rághib, TA;) [and straight, right, direct, or rightly directed; (see its quasi-pass. 8;)] and ↓ AswAhu signifies the same; (M, K;) namely, a place, (Msb, K,) or a thing, (S, M, Er-Rághib, TA,) or an uneven, or a crooked, thing. (Mgh.) It is said in a trad., faA^amara biAlxirabi fasuw~iyato [And he gave orders respecting the ruins, and they were levelled]. (TA in art. xrb.) And in another trad., saw~ayonaA EalaY ruqay~apa, meaning We buried Ru- keiyeh, and made the earth of the grave even, or level, over her. (Mgh.) [Hence also,] suw~iyto Ealayohi AlA^aroDu: see 8. And hence the saying in the Kur [iv. 45], luwo tusaw~aY bihimu A@loA^aroDu, (TA,) i. e. That they were buried, and that the ground were made level over them; (S, * Bd;) bi being here syn. with EalaY: (TA in art. b:) or the meaning is, that they became like the dust of the earth; (M, Jel;) thus expl. by Th; (M;) or that they had not been created, and that they and the earth were alike. (Bd.) [Hence also,] balaY qaAdiriyna EalaY A^ano nusaw~iYa banaAnahu, in the same [lxxv. 4], is said to mean [Yea: we are able] to make his hand like the foot of the camel, without fingers: or to make his fingers uniform, of one measure or size: (TA:) or the meaning is, we are able to put together the bones of his fingers [consistently] as they were. (Bd, Jel.) And bayona ↓ Hat~aY A_i*aA saAwaY A@lS~adafayoni, in the Kur [xviii. 95], means saw~aY bayonahumaA [i. e. Until, when he had made the space between the two sides of the mountains even, or level, by filling it up]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Also He made it uniform, equal, or consimilar, with another thing.] One says, saw~ayotuhu bihi, (M, K,) inf. n. as above; (K;) and bh ↓ saAwayotuhu, (M, * TA, TK,) and bh ↓ A^asowayotuhu; I made it uniform, or equal, with it; or like it: (M, K, TA:) and ↓ saAwayotu h`*aA bi*aAka I raised this so as to make it equal in measure, or quantity, or amount, with that. (TA.) And saw~ayotu bayonahumaA, and ↓ saAwayotu, (S, M, K,) I made them uniform, or equal, each with the other; or like each other. (M, K, TA.) ― -b3- [And He made it symmetrical or symmetrically, by, or with, a just adaptation of its component parts; made it congruous or consistent in its several parts, or with congruity or consistency in its several parts: he made it, formed it, or fashioned it, in a suitable manner: he made it to be adapted, or so as to be adapted, to the exigencies, or requirements, of its case, or of wisdom: he made it complete, or in a complete manner; completed it, or completed its make: he made it right or good, or in a right or good manner; rectified it; adjusted it; or put it into a right, or good, state.] In the Kur xxxii. 8, it means He made him symmetrical [or symmetrically], by the fit, or suitable, formation of his members. (Bd,) And saw~ayotuhu in the same, xv. 29 and xxxviii. 72, I made his creation symmetrical: (Bd:) or I completed him, or made him complete. (Jel.) And saw~aY in the same, lxxxvii. 2, He made what He created congruous or consistent in the several parts. (Jel.) And A@l~a*iY xalaqaka fasaw~aAka, in the same [lxxxii. 7], means [Who created thee,] and made thy creation to be adapted to the exigencies, or requirements, of wisdom. (TA.) wanafosK wamaA saw~aAhaA, in the same, [xci. 7, means By a soul and what made it to be adapted to its exigencies, i. e., to the performance of its functions, for it] is indicative of the faculties of the soul: this explanation is more proper than that which makes mA to mean [Him who, i. e.] God. (TA.) And rafaEa samokahaA fasaw~aAhaA, in the same, lxxix. 28, means He hath raised high [its canopy, or] the measure of its elevation from the earth, or its thickness upwards, and made it symmetrical, or even, (Bd,) or completed it by adorning it with the stars, (Bd, TA, *) agreeably with what is said in the Kur xxxvii. 6, (TA,) and by means of the revolvings [thereof], &c.: from the saying next following. (Bd.) sw~Y fulaAnN A^amorahu Such a one rectified, or adjusted, his affair; or put it into a right, or good, state. (Bd in lxxix. 28.) [Hence,] one says, saw~i walaA tusaw~iy^o Rectify thou, and do not corrupt, or mar. (A and TA in art. swA^.) [One says also, sw~Y AlT~aEaAma He cooked the food thoroughly: see 8 as its quasi-pass.] And sw~Y fulaAnN manoSuwbapF [Such a one framed a stratagem, or plot]. (TA in art. nSb.) -A2- saw~aY [as an intrans. verb, if not a mistranscription for suw~iYa], inf. n. as above: see 8. -A3- And suw~iYa, [app. for suw~iy^a,] inf. n. as above, signifies It was, or became, altered [for the worse]; syn. guy~ira. (TA.) , (S, * M, * Msb,) inf. n. musaAwaApN (M, Er-Rághib, Msb, TA) and siwA='N, (M,) It was, or became, equal to it, (S, Er-Rághib, Msb, TA,) and like it, in measure, extent, size, bulk, quantity, or amount, and in value, (Msb, TA,) or in linear measure, and in weight, and in the measure of capacity, [as well as in value:] one says h`*aA li*`lika Alv~awobi ↓ Alv~awobu musaAwK [This garment, or piece of cloth, is equal in length and breadth to that garment, or piece of cloth]; and h`*aA Alv~awobu li*`lika Ald~irohami ↓ musaAwK [This garment, or piece of cloth, is equivalent to that dirhem]: and sometimes it means in mode, or manner of being: one says, li*`lika Als~awaAdi ↓ h`*aA Als~awaAdu [This blackness is equal in quality to this blackness]. Er-Rághib, TA.) It is said in a trad., saAwaY AlZ~il~u Alt~ilaAla The shade, or shadow, was like, in its extent, to the mounds, in their height. (TA.) [And sAwY Al$~aYo'u raA^osahu means The thing equalled in height his head: see an ex. of the verb tropically used in this sense voce siY~N.] One says also, h`*aA yusaAwiY dirohamFA This is worth, or equal in its value to, a dirhem: and in a rare dial., one says, dirohamFA ↓ sawiYa, aor. yasowaAhu; (Msb, TA;) which AZ disallows, saying, one says sAwAh, but not yasowaAhu. (Msb.) And h`*aA Al$~aYo'u laA yusaAwiY ka*aA This thing is not equivalent to [or is not worth] such a thing: (Fr, S:) or laAyusaAwiY $ayoy^FA [It (a garment, or some other thing, M) is not worth anything]: (M, K:) ↓ lA yasowaY is of a rare dial., (K,) unknown to Fr, (S,) disallowed by A'Obeyd, but mentioned by others: (M:) Az says that it is not of the language of the Arabs [of pure speech], (Msb, TA,) but is post-classical; and in like manner ↓ lA yusowiY is not correct Arabic: this last is with damm to the [first] Y: MF says that the generality of authorities disallow it, and the Fs expressly disallows it, but the expositors thereof say that it is correct and chaste, of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, though an instance of a verb of which the aor. only is used. (TA.) One says likewise, sAwY Alr~ajulu qironahu The man equalled his opponent, or competitor, in knowledge, or in courage. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 6. -A2- And see 2, in four places, in the former half of the paragraph. as a trans. verb: see 2, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b2- laAyusowiY in the sense of laAyusaAwiY is not correct Arabic: see 3, in the latter part of the paragraph. -A2- As an intrans. verb: see 8. ― -b2- Also He was like his son, or offspring, [in some copies of the K his father, which, as is said in the TA, is a mistake,] in make, (M, K,) or in symmetry, or justness of proportion; (Fr, TA;) or simply he was like his son, or offspring. (M.) [In this instance, and in all the senses here following that are mentioned in the K, the verb is erroneously written in the CK AstwY.] ― -b3- AswY fiY AlmaroA^api i. q. A^awoEaba, (M, K, TA,) i. e. He inserted the whole of his *akar into the faroj [of the woman]. (TA.) -A3- Also, [as though originally A^asowaA^a,] He was, or became, base, abased, object, vile, despicable, or ignominious; syn. xaziYa; (M, K;) from Als~awoA^apu. (TA.) ― -b2- And He voided his ordure; syn. A^aHodava; (Az, M, K;) [likewise] from Als~awoA^apu, as meaning “ the anus. ” (Az, TA.) ― -b3- And hence, in the opinion of Az, and thought by J to be originally A^asowaA^a [as he says in the S], (TA,) [though trans.,] He dropped, left out, omitted, or neglected, (S, M, K,) and did so through inadvertence, (S, K,) a thing, (S,) or a letter, or word, of the Kur-án, (M, K,) or a verse thereof: (M:) mentioned by A'Obeyd: (S:) and in like manner, accord. to IAth, in reckoning, and in shooting, or casting: and Hr says that A^a$owaY, with $, is allowable, as meaning A^asoqaTa. (TA.) ― -b4- Also He was, or became, affected with baraS [or leprosy, which is sometimes termed Als~uwo'u; so that the verb in this sense also seems to be originally A^asowaA^a]. (TA.) ― -b5- And He was, or became, restored to health, [or free from suwo'N as meaning an evil affection, (as though the verb were in this sense likewise originally A^asowaA^a, the incipient A^ being privative, as it is in many other instances, like the Greek privative α,)] after a disease, or malady. (TA.) -A4- A^asowayotuhu bihi: see Q. Q. 1 in art. Asw. see 8. They two were, or became, equal, like each other, or alike; as also ↓ AisotawayaA. (M, K.) ↓ AstwY has two and more agents assigned to it: one says, AstwY zayodN wuEamoruw waxaAlidN fiY h`*aA [Zeyd and 'Amr and Khálid were equal, or alike, in this]; i. e. tasaAwawoA: whence the saying in the Kur [ix. 19], Einoda A@ll~`hi ↓ laA yasotawuwna [They will not be equal, or alike, in the sight of God]. (TA.) And one says, tasaAwawoA fiY AlmaAli They were, or became, equal in respect of the property, none of them exceeding another; as also fiyhi ↓ AisotawawoA. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., as some relate it, ↓ mano saAwaY yawomaAhu fahuwa magobuwnN, in which the meaning is said to be tasaAwaY [i. e. He whose two days are alike, neither being distinguished above the other by any good done by him, is weak-minded]. (TA.) And in another it is said, laA yazaAlu Aln~aAsu bixayorK maA tafaADaluwA faA_i*aA tasaAwawoA halakuwA, (S, * TA,) i. e. [Men will not cease to be in a good state while they vie in excellence,] but when they cease from vying in excellent qualities and are content with defect [and thus become alike, they perish]: or when they become equal in ignorance: or when they form themselves into parties and divisions, and every one is alone in his opinion, and they do not agree to acknowledge one exemplar or chief or leader [so that they are all alike]: or, accord. to Az, when they are alike in evil, there being none among them possessed of good. (TA.) [seems, accord. to Bd, to signify primarily He sought, or desired, what was equal, equable, uniform, even, or the like: for he says (in ii. 27) that the primary meaning of AlAisotiwaA='u is Tlabu Als~awaA='i; app. indicating the sense in which AlswA=' is here used by what follows. ― -b2- And hence, accord. to him, but I would rather say primarily, as being quasi-pass. of saw~aAhu,] It was, or became, equal, equable, uniform, even, level, flat, plane or plain, [or equal in respect of elevation or of depression, (see 2, first sentence,)] straight, right, direct, or rightly directed; syn. AiEotadala (S, M, Msb, K, TA, and Ksh and Bd in ii. 27) fiY *aAtihi, (TA,) said of a place, (Msb,) and AisotaqaAma, said of a stick, or piece of wood, &c. (Ksh ubi suprà.) And ↓ saw~aY, [if not a mistranscription for suw~iYa,] inf. n. tasowiyapN, signifies the same as AstwY [app. meaning as above], accord. to IAar; and so does ↓ A^asowaY, as also A^awosaY, formed from it by transposition. (TA.) One says, Aisotawato bihi AlA^aroDu [lit. The earth, or ground, became equable, uniform, even, &c., with him, he having been buried in it], meaning he perished in the earth; as also ↓ tasaw~ato, and Ealayohi ↓ suw~iyato. (M, K.) And Astwt A^aroDuhumo Their land became [even in its surface, being] affected with drought, or barrenness. (M, * TA.) And AstwY AlmaA='u waAlxa$abapa, meaning maEa Alxa$abapi [i. e. The water became even, or level, with the piece of wood]. (TA.) See also 6, in four places. One says also, AstwY AlmuEaw~aju [or AlmuEowj~u (as in the MA) i. e. The crooked, or uneven, became straight, or even]: (Mgh:) and AstwY mini A@EuwijaAjK [It became even from a state of unevenness]. (S.) faA@sotawaY EalaY suwqihi, in the Kur xlviii. last verse, means And has stood straight, or erect, (Bd,) or become strong, and stood straight, or erect, (Jel,) upon its stems. (Bd, Jel. [Golius erroneously assigns a similar meaning to AstswY, a verb which I do not anywhere find.]) And faA@sotawaY in the same, liii. 6, And he stood straight, or erect, in his proper form in which God created him: or was endowed by his strength with power over the affair appointed to him: (Bd:) or became firm, or steady. (Jel.) AstwY said of a stick &c. means It stood up or erect: and was, or became, even, or straight: hence one says, AstwY A_ilayohi kaAls~ahomi Almurosali He, or it, went towards him, or it, with an undeviating, a direct, or a straight, course, like the arrow hot forth: and hence, vum~a A@sotawaY A_ilaY Als~amaA='i is metaphorically said of God, in the Kur ii. 27 [and xli. 10]; (Ksh;) meaning (tropical:) Then He directed himself by his will to the [heaven, or] elevated regions, (Ksh, Bd,) or upwards, (Ksh,) or to the heavenly bodies; (Bd;) syn. Eamada, (Zj, M, K,) and qaSada (Zj, S, M, K, and Ksh and Bd) biA_iraAdatipi; (Ksh, Bd;) for when AlAisotiwaA='u is trans. by means of A_ilaY it imports the meaning of the directing of oneself, or, as in this case, of one's design: (TA;) you say of any one who has finished a work and has directed himself to another, qadi A@sotawaY lahu and A_ilayohi: (Har p. 631:) or the meaning here is SaEida, (Zj, M, K,) or SaEida A^amoruhu [i. e. his command ascended]; (M;) and this is what is intended here by SaEida: (TA:) or A^aqobala EalayohaA [i. e. He advanced to it, namely, the heaven]; (Fr, Th, M, K;) like as one says, kaAna fulaAnN muqobilFA EalaY fulaAnK vum~a A@sotawaY EalaY~a yu$aAtimuniY and A_ilaY~D also, meaning A^aqobala [i. e. Such a one was advancing against such a one, then he advanced against me, and to me, reviling me, or contending with me in reviling]: (TA:) or it means AisotawolaY, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) J says, [in the S,] but not explaining thereby the verse above cited, that it signifies also AisotawolaY and Zahara [as meaning He had, or gained, the mastery, or victory]: and hence the saying of El-Akhtal, cited by him [in the S,] qadi A@sotawaY bi$orN EalaY AlEiraAqi mino gayori sayofK wadamK muhoraAqi [Bishr has gained the mastery over El-'Irák without sword and without shed blood]: Er-Rághib says that when this verb is trans. by means of EalaY, it imports the meaning of AlAisotiylaA='; as in the saying in the Kur [xx. 4], Aalr~aHom`nu EalaY A@loEaro$i A@sotawaY [which may be rendered, The Compassionate hath ascendancy over the empyrean so as to have everything in the universe equally within his grasp; agreeably with what here follows]: he then adds, it is said to mean that everything is alike in relation to Him in such manner that no one thing is nearer to Him than another thing, since He is not like the bodies that abide in one place exclusively of another place. (TA.) The saying lam~aA A@sotawato bihi raAHilatuhu EalaY AlbayodaA='i means [When his riding-camel] ascended with him upon the desert: or stood up with him straight upon its legs. (Mgh.) And one says, AstwY EalaY Zahori daAb~atihi, (S, TA,) or EalaY Alfarasi, (Msb,) He was, or became, firm, or steady, [or he settled himself, or became firmly seated, or sat firmly,] upon the back of his beast, or upon the horse: (S, Msb, TA:) and AstwY jaAlisFA [He became firm, or steady, sitting; or he settled himself in his sitting place; or sat firmly]. (Msb.) [AstwY as quasi-pass. of saw~aAhu also signifies It was made, or became, symmetrical; congruous, or consistent in its several parts: was made, formed, or fashioned, in a suitable manner: was made, or became, adapted to the exigencies, or requirements, of its case, or of wisdom: was made, or became, complete: was made, or became, right, or good; became rectified, adjusted, or put into a right or good state. And hence,] AstwY Alr~ajulu i. q. balaga A^a$ud~ahu [q. v.]; (M, K;) [generally meaning] The man [became full-grown, of full vigour, or mature, in body, or in body and intellect; i. e.] attained the utmost limit of [the period termed] his $abaAb; (S;) or attained the utmost limit of his $abaAb, and the completion of his make and of his intellect, by the completion of from twenty-eight to thirty [years]: (T, TA:) or attained to forty (T, M, K) years. (K.) And AstwY AlT~aEaAmu The food became thoroughly cooked. (Msb.) [xaT~u AlAisotiwaA='i means The equinoctial line.] , [app. a dial. var. of siY~N]: see laA siy~amaA, in the next paragraph. , originally siwoYN; and its dual: see sawaA='N, in ten places, all except one in the latter half of the paragraph. ― -b2- [Hence,] of him who is, or has become, in a state of wealth, or welfare, [or rather, of abundant wealth or welfare,] one says, huwa fiY siY~i raA^osihi and raA^osihi ↓ sawaA='i, (Fr, S,) or waqaEa fiY siY~i raA^osihi [in the CK (erroneously) saY~i] and rA^sh ↓ sawaA='i (M, K) and rA^sh ↓ siwaA='i, (K,) or waqaEa rA^sh ↓ mina Aln~iEomapi fiY siwaA='i, (Ks, M,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He is in, or has lighted upon, or come upon,] what is in the predicament of his head (Hukomi raA^osihi) [in point of eminence, of wealth, or welfare]: or what covers his head [thereof]: (M, K:) or what equals his head [in eminence] (yusaAwiY raA^osahu), of wealth, or welfare: (T, TA:) or what has equalled his head [in eminence], of wealth, or welfare; i. e. what has accumulated upon him, and filled [or satisfied] him: (M:) or [what equals] the number of the hairs of his head, of wealth, or good; (A'Obeyd, S, K;) as some explain it. (A'Obeyd, S.) See also sin~N, last sentence but one. ― -b3- [Hence likewise,] laA siy~amaA, (S, M, Msb, K,) also pronounced lA siyamaA, without teshdeed, (Msb, Mughnee, K,) and ↓ lA say~amaA is a dial. var. thereof, (Msb,) a compound of siY~ and maA, denoting exception: (S:) one says, laA siy~amaA zayodK, i. e. laA mivola zayodK [lit. There is not the like of Zeyd; virtually, and generally, meaning above all Zeyd, or especially Zeyd]; maA being redundant: and lA sy~mA zayodN also; like as one says, daEo maA zayodN: (M, K:) [J says,] with respect to the case of the noun following mA, there are two ways: you may make maA to be in the place of Al~a*iY, and mean that an inchoative is to be understood, [namely, hw or the like,] and put the noun that you mention in the nom. case as the enunciative; thus you may say, jaA='aniY Alqawomu laA siy~amaA A^axuwka, meaning laA siY~a Al~a*iY huwa A^axuwka [i. e. The people, or party, came to me, and there was not the like of him who is thy brother; or above all, or especially, he who is thy brother]: (S, TA: [thus in a copy of the S: in other copies of the same, and in the TA, for siY~a, siy~amaA:]) but this rendering is invalidated in such a phrase as walaA siy~amaA zayodN by the supression of the correlative of the noun in the nom. case where there is no lengthiness, and by the applying mA to denote a rational being: (Mughnee:) or you may put the noun after it in the gen. case, making mA redundant, and making siY~ to govern the noun in that case because the meaning of siY~ is mivol: [and this is the preferable way:] (Mughnee:) in both of these ways is recited the saying of Imra-el-Keys, A^alaA rub~a yuwomK laka minohun~a SaAliHK walaA siy~amaA yawomNK bidaArapi julojuli [Verily many a good day was there to thee by reason of them; but there was not the like of a day, or above all a day, or especially a day, at Dárat Juljul, a certain pool, where Imra-el-Keys surprised his beloved, 'Oneyzeh, with others, her companions, bathing: see EM pp. 9 and 10]: you say also, A^aDoribu Alqawoma walaA siy~amaA A^axiyka, meaning walaA mivola Darobi A^axiyka [i. e. I will beat the people, or party, but there shall not be the like of the beating of thy brother]: and if you say, walaA siy~amaA A^axuwka, the meaning is, walaA mivola Al~a*iY huwa A^axuwka [and there shall not be the like of him who is thy brother]: in the saying A_in~a fulaAnFA kariymN walaA siy~amaA A_ino A^atayotahu qaAEidFA, accord. to Akh, mA is a substitute for the affixed pronoun hu, which is suppressed; the meaning being, walaA mivolahu A_ino A^atayotahu qaAEidFA [i. e. Verily such a one is generous, and there is not the like of him if thou come to him sitting]: (S, TA:) it is said in the Msb, [after explaining that mA in sy~mA may be redundant, and the noun after it governed in the gen. case as the complement of a prefixed noun; and that mA may be used in the sense of Al~*Y, and the noun following put in the nom. case as the enunciative of the inchoative hw which is suppressed;] that, accord. to some, the noun following may be in the accus. case, as being preceded by an exceptive; [or, as a specificative; (Mughnee;) in which case we must regard mA as a substitute for the affixed pronoun hu;] but that this is not a good way; [and in this case, accord. to the generality of the authorities, it must be an indeterminate noun, not, like zayodN, determinate: (Mughnee:)] also that sy~mA should not be used without lA preceding it: and that it denotes the predominance of what follows it over what precedes it: but it is added that lA is sometimes suppressed [as is said in the Mughnee] because known to be meant, though this is rare. (TA.) One says also, laAsiY~a limaA fulaAnN (Lh, M, K) i. e. There is not the like of such a one: (TA:) and laA siy~aka maA fulaAnN (Lh, M, K) i. e. Such a one is not the like of thee. (TA.) [In both of these instances, mA is obviously redundant. Other (similar) usages of siY~ are mentioned voce sawaA='N, to which reference has been made above.] ― -b4- siY~N also signifies A [desert such as is termed] mufaAzap; (S, M, K) because of the evenness of its routes, and its uniformity. (TA.) [Hence Als~iY~u is the name of a particular tract, said in the M to be a certain smooth place in the baAdiyap.] ― -b5- See also art. syw. : see sawaA=', near the end of the paragraph. : see sawaA='N, in seven places: ― -b2- and see also siwFY, in two places. : see sawaA'N, in seven places. ― -b2- Also, and likewise ↓ suwFY, (Akh, S, Msb, Mughnee, K,) and ↓ sawaA='N, (Akh, S, M, Mughnee, K,) and ↓ siwaA='N, (Mughnee,) i. q. makaAnN, (Mughnee,) or gayorN, (Akh, S, M, Msb, Mughnee, K,) accord. to different authorities: each used as an epithet, and as denoting exception, like gayor; accord. to Ez-Zejjájee and Ibn-Málik, used in the same sense and manner as gayor: but accord. to Sb and the generality of authorities, an adv. n. of place, always in the accus. case, except in instances of necessity: (Mughnee:) one says, EinodiY rajulN siwaY zayodK, meaning badala zayodK and makaAna zayodK [i. e. I have with me a man instead of Zeyd and in the place of Zeyd]: (Ham p. 570, and TA: *) [but] one says [also] mararotu birajulK siwaAka and ↓ suwaAka and ↓ sawaAy^ika, meaning gayorika [i. e. I passed by a man other than thee]: (S:) and ↓ jaA='aniY sawaAw^uka [and siwaAk &c. Other than thou came to me], using it as an agent; and ↓ raA^ayotu sawaA='aka [and siwaAka &c. I saw other than thee], using it as an objective complement: and ↓ maA jaA='aniY A^aHadN sawaA='aka [and siwaAka &c. None except thou came to me]: and maA jaA='aniY A^aHadN ↓ sawaAw^uka [and siwaAka &c. None other than thou came to me]: (Mughnee:) and qaSadotu Alqawoma siwaY zayodK, meaning gayora zayodK [i. e. I betook myself to, or towards, the people, or party, others than Zeyd, which is virtually the same as except Zeyd]: (Msb:) and lay^ino faEalota *aAka waA^anaA siwaAka layaA^otiyan~aka min~iY maA takorahu, meaning [If thou do that] when I am in a land other than thy land, [what thou dislikest, or hatest, shall assuredly come to thee from me.] (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) ― -b3- The Arabs also said, Eaqoluka siwaAka, meaning Thine intellect has departed from thee. (IAar, M.) -A2- The strangest of the meanings of siwaY, in this sense with the short alif and with kesr, is qaSodN. (Mughnee.) siwaY Al$~aYo'i means qaSoduhu [i. e. The tendency, or direction, of the thing]. (M.) And one says, qaSadotu siwaY fulaAnK, meaning qaSadotu qaSodahu [i. e. I tended, or betook myself, in the direction of, or towards, such a one]. (S, K. * [In the CK, and in my MS. copy of the K, sawaAhu is erroneously put for siwaAhu.]) And hence, (Mughnee,) a poet says, (namely, Keys Ibn-El-Khateem, TA,) walaA^aSorifan~a siwaY Hu*ayofapa midoHatiY [And I will surely turn towards Hodheyfeh my eulogy]. (S, Mughnee.) [in some copies of the K erroneously written without '] in its primary acceptation is an inf. n., [but without a proper verb, used as a simple subst.,] meaning Equality, equability, uniformity, or evenness; syn. AisotiwaA='N; (Mughnee;) as also ↓ sawiy~apN: (M, K:) or [rather] it is a subst., (S, and Ksh and Bd in ii. 5,) meaning AisotiwaA='N, (Ksh and Bd ibid.,) from AisotawaY in the sense of AiEotadala; (S;) and signifies [as above: and] equity, justice, or rectitude; syn. EadolN; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ sawiy~apF; (M;) and ↓ siwFY and ↓ suwFY, as well as sawaA='N, accord. to Fr, are syn. with naSafN; and accord. to him, (TA,) and to Akh, (S, TA,) syn. with EadolN; (S, K, TA;) [but app., only syn. with EadolN and naSafN not as a subst. but as an epithet, like wasaTN thus used, as will be shown by what follows, although] each said by Er-Rághib to be originally an inf. n. (TA.) One says, humaA mino h`*aA AlA^amori ↓ EalaY sawiy~apF, meaning sawaA='K [i. e. They two are on an equality, or on a par, in respect of this affair, or case]: (S, TA:) and ↓ humo EalaY sawiy~apK, meaning [likewise] AisotiwaA='N [i. e. They are on an equality, or on a par], (M, K,) fiY h`*aA AlA^amori [in this affair, or case]. (M.) And ↓ qasamotu Al$~aYo'a bayonahumaA biAls~awiy~api, (S,) meaning biAlEadoli [i. e. I divided the thing between them two with equity, justice, or rectitude]. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [viii. 60], faA@nobi*o A_ilayohimo EalaY sawaA='K, meaning EadolK [as expl. in art. nb*, q. v.]. (S, * TA.) [Hence,] layolapu Als~awaA='i The night of the thirteenth [of the lunar month; the first being that on which the new moon is first seen]; (As, S, K, TA;) in which the moon becomes equable or uniform (yasotawiY) [in illumination]: (TA:) or the night of the fourteenth. (M, K.) ― -b2- And i. q. wasaTN [as meaning The middle, or midst, of a thing]; (S, M, Mughnee, K;) as also ↓ suwFY and ↓ siwFY. (Lh, M, K.) Hence, sawaA='u Al$~aYo'i The middle, or midst, of the thing; (S, M;) as also ↓ suwaAhu and ↓ siwaAhu. (Lh, M.) It is said in the Kur [xxxvii. 53,] faraA=hu fiY sawaA='i A@lojaHiymi [And he shall see him] in the middle or midst [of the fire of Hell]. (S, * Mughnee, TA.) In like manner also one says sawaA='u Als~abiyli [The middle of the road]: or, accord. to Fr, it means the right direction of the road or way. (TA.) And one says, AinoqaTaEa sawaAy^iY, meaning My waist [broke], or my middle. (TA.) And sawaA='u Aln~ahaAri means The middle of the day. (M, K. [In some copies of the K, mut~asaEuhu is erroneously put for munotaSafuhu.]) ― -b3- [Hence, perhaps, as being generally the middle or nearly so,] The summit of a mountain. (M, K.) And An [eminence, or a hill, or the like, such as is termed] A^akamap: or a [stony tract such as is termed] Har~ap: or the head of a Har~ap. (M.) -A2- It is also used as an epithet; (Mughnee;) and signifies Equal, equable, uniform, or even; syn. ↓ musotawK; (M, Mughnee, K;) applied in this sense to a place; (Mughnee;) as also, thus applied, ↓ sawiY~N, and ↓ siY~N; (M, K;) or these two signify, thus applied, [like sawaA='N as expl. hereafter,] equidistant in respect of its two extremities. (TA.) And as syn. with ↓ musotawK, it is applied [to a fem. noun as well as to a sing., and] to one and more than one, because it is originally an inf. n.; whence the phrase layosuwA sawaA='F [They are not equal; in the Kur iii. 109]. (Mughnee.) Using it in this sense, one says A^aroDN sawaA='N [An even land]: and daArN sawaA='N A house uniform (↓ musotawiyapN) in respect of the [appertenances termed] maraAfiq: and vawobN sawaA='N A garment, or piece of cloth, equal, or uniform, (↓ musotawK,) in its breadth and its length and its two lateral edges: but one does not say jamalN sawaA='N, nor HamaArN sawaA='N, nor rajulN sawaA='N: (M, TA:) though one says rajulN sawaA='u AlbaToni A man whose belly is even with the breast: and sawaA='u Alqadami having no hollow to the sole of his foot. (TA.) One says also Alxaloqi ↓ rajulN sawiY~N, (S, M,) meaning ↓ musotawK [i. e. A man uniform in make, or symmetrical; or full-grown, of full vigour, or mature in body, or in body and intellect: see 8]: (S:) and rajulN ↓ sawiY~N A man equally free from excess and deficiency in his dispositions and his make: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or sound in limbs: (TA voce mir~apN, q. v.:) and ↓ gulaAmN sawiY~N A boy, or young man, uniform in make, or symmetrical, (Alxaloqi ↓ musotawiY,) without disease, and without fault, or defect: (Mgh:) and the fem. is sawiy~apN. (M.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, ↓ Als~awiY~u signifies That which is preserved from excess and deficiency: and hence ↓ AlS~iraATi Als~awiY~i [in Kur xx. last verse, as though meaning The road, or way that neither exceeds, nor falls short of, that which is right]; (Er-Rághib, TA;) the right, or direct, road: (Bd, Jel:) and some read Als~awaA='i, meaning the middle, good, road: and Als~awo'i (Ksh, Bd) i. e. the evil, or bad, road: (Bd:) and Als~uwo'aY [i. e. most evil, or worst; fem. of A^asowaA^u; for AlS~iraATu is fem. as well as masc.]: (Ksh, Bd:) [and] ↓ Als~uwaYa, of the measure fuEolaY from Als~awaA='u, [with which it is syn.,] or originally Als~uwo'aY [mentioned above]: (K:) and ↓ Als~uwaY~i, (Ksh, Bd,) which is dim. of Als~awaA=', (Lth, TA,) [or] as dim. of Als~awo' [in which case it is for Als~uwaYo'i]. (Ksh, Bd.) ― -b2- [Hence,] it signifies also Complete: (Mughnee:) you say, h`*aA dirohamN sawaA='N (M, Mughnee) This is a complete dirhem; (Mughnee;) using the last word as an epithet: and sawaA='F also, using it as an inf. n., as though you said AisotiwaA='F: and in like manner in the Kur xli. 9, some road sawaA='F; and others, sawaA='K. (M.) ― -b3- And Equitable, just, or right; syn. EadolN: used in this sense in the saying in the Kur [iii. 57], taEaAlawoA A_ilaY kalimapK sawaA='K bayonanaA wabayonakumo [Come ye to an equitable, or a just, or right, sentence, or proposition, between us and you]. (Az, TA.) ― -b4- And Equidistant, or midway, (EadolN, and wasaTN, S, or naSafN, Mughnee,) between two parties, (S,) or between two places; (Mughnee;) applied as an epithet to a place; as also ↓ siwFY and ↓ suwFY; (S, Mughnee;) of which three words the second (siwFY) is the most chaste; (Mughnee;) or the last two signify equal (musotawK) in respect of its two extremities; and are used as epithets and as adv. ns.; originally, inf. ns. (Er-Rághib, TA.) ↓ makaAnFA siwFY and ↓ suwFY, (M, K,) in the Kur xx. 60, accord. to different readings, means A place equidistant, or midway, (Ksh, Bd, Jel,) between us and thee, (Ksh, Bd,) or to the comer from each of the two extremities: (Jel:) or makaAnN siwFY and suwFY means muEolamN [i. e. a place marked], (so in a copy of the M and in one of the K,) or maEolamN, (so in other copies of the K and in the TA,) which is for *uw maEolamK, meaning having a mark, or sign, by which one is guided, or directed, thereto. (MF, TA.) ― -b5- [Also Equal, or alike, in any respect.] One says, mararotu birajulK sawaA='K waAlEadamu, (M, Mughnee, K,) and waAlEadamu ↓ siwaA='K, (K,) and waAlEadamu ↓ siwFY, and waAlEadamu ↓ suwFY, (M, K,) meaning wujuwduhu waEadamuhu sawaA='N [i. e. I passed by a man whose existence and whose non-existence are equal, or alike, to me, or in my opinion]: (M, K: *) and Sb mentions the phrase, sawaA='N huwa waAlEadamu [as meaning His existence and his nonexistence are equal, or alike, to me]. (M.) And sawaA='N EalaY~a qumota A^awo qaEadota [It is equal, or alike, to me, that thou stand or that thou sit, or whether thou stand or sit; or that thou stand or that thou sit is equal, or alike, to me: see Kur ii. 5, and the expositions thereof]. (S.) [And ↓ siwFY is used as an adv. n., or as an inf. n. adverbially, meaning Alike: see an ex. in a verse cited voce sabotN.] ― -b6- Also A like; a similar person or thing; (S, M, K;) and so ↓ siY~N: [each used as masc. and fem.; and the former as sing. and dual and pl., though having proper dual and pl. forms:] the pl. of the former is A^asowaA='N, (S, M, K,) and also, (S, * K,) but anomalous, (S,) or [rather] quasi-pl. ns., all anomalous, (M,) ↓ sawaAsiyapN (S, M, K) and ↓ sawaAsK and ↓ sawaAsiwapN: (M, K:) and A^asowaA='N is also pl. of ↓ siY~N: (TA:) as to ↓ sawaAsiyapN, Akh says, sawaA='N is of the measure faEaAlN, and siyapN may be of the measure fiEapN or filapN, the former of which is the more agreeable with analogy, the w being changed into Y in siyapN because of the kesreh before it, for it is originally siwoyapN; and it is from A^asowayotu Al$~aYo'a meaning “ I neglected the thing: ” [see 4:] (S:) accord. to Aboo-'Alee, the Y in sawaAsiyapN is changed from the w in sawaAsiwapN, in which latter some preserve it to show that it is the final radical: (M:) accord. to Fr, sawaAsiyapN has no sing., and relates only to equality in evil: (T, TA:) so in the saying, sawaAsiyapN kaA^asonaAni AlHimaAri [Equals like the teeth of the ass]. (TA.) It requires two [or more nouns for its subjects]: you say, sawaA='N zayodN waEamorNw, meaning *awaA sawaA='K [i. e., lit., Two possessors of equality, or likeness, are Zeyd and 'Amr], (M, K,) because it is [originally] an inf. n.: (M:) and humaA fiY h`*aA AlA^amori sawaA='N [They two are in this affair, or case, likes]: (S:) and humaA sawaAA=ni (S, M, K) and ↓ siy~aAni i. e. They two are likes: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and humo sawaA='N and A^asowaA='N and ↓ sawaAsiyapN i. e. They are likes; (S; [the first and last of these three are mentioned in the Mgh as identical in meaning;]) or, accord. to Fr, the last means they are equals in evil, not in good: (T, TA:) and ↓ maAhuwa laka bisiY~K He is not a person like to thee: and maAhumo laka biA^asowaA='K [They are not persons like to thee]: (Lh, M:) and ↓ maAhiYa laka bisiY~K (Lh, M, K *) i. e. She is not a person like to thee: (TA:) and maAhun~a laka biA^asowaA='K [They (females) are not persons like to thee]: and limano faEala *aAka ↓ laA siY~a [There is not a like to him who did that]: and A_i*aA faEalota *aAka ↓ laA siy~aka [There is not the like of thee when thou doest that]: (Lh, M, K:) and fulaAnK ↓ laA siy~apa (K) [There is not the like of such a one: in the CK, fulaAnN: perhaps the right reading is fulaAnN ↓ laA siy~aka Such a one is not the like of thee]. sawaA='N and ↓ siy~aAni should not be used with A^awo in the place of wa except by poetic license: one of the exceptions to this rule is the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, wakaAna siy~aAni A^al~aA yasoraHuwA naEamFA A^awo yasoraHuwhu bihaA waA@gobar~ati Als~uwHu [And they were two like cases that they should not send forth cattle to pasture or send him forth with them when the tracts were very dusty by reason of drought]. (M.) For two other exs. of sawaA=', [as well as of its syn. siY~, and for laA siy~amaA also,] see siY~N. ― -b7- See also siwFY in six places. : see siY~N, second sentence, in two places: and sawaA='N also, in the latter half of the paragraph: ― -b2- and see siwFY. ― -b3- baEavuwA biAls~iwaA='i waAll~iwaA='i means (assumed tropical:) They sent seeking, or demanding, aid, or succour. (K in art. lwY. [The proper signification of Als~iwaA=' in this instance I do not find explained.]) : see sawaA='N, in the former half of the paragraph, in six places. : see sawaA='N, in the middle of the paragraph. : see sawaA='N, in five places. ― -b2- [Also fem. of sawiY~N. ― -b3- And hence, as a subst.,] A kind of vehicle of female slaves and of necessitous persons: (K:) or a [garment of the kind called] kisaA=', stuffed with panic grass (vumaAm), (S, M, K, and L in art. krb,) or palm-fibres (liyf), (M,) or the like, (S, M, and L ubi suprà,) resembling the baro*aEap [q. v.], (S, and L ubi suprà,) which is put on the back of the camel, (M,) or on the back of the ass &c., (L ubi suprà,) and which is one of the vehicles of female slaves and of necessitous persons: (M:) and likewise such as is put upon the back of the camel, but in the form of a ring because of the hump, and [also] called Hawiy~apN [q. v.]: pl. sawaAyaA. (S.) and sawaAsiwapN and sawaAsiyapN: see sawaA='N, in the latter half of the paragraph; the last of them in three places. , each of the measure faE~aAlN, irregularly derived from AisotawaY and AilotawaY; a prov., applied to women, meaning Straight and bending, and collecting together and separating; not remaining in one state, or condition. (Meyd.) ― -b2- And A^aroDN saw~aA='N Land of which the earth, or dust, is like sand. (IAth, TA.) is [held by some to be] of the measure faEolapu from Alt~asowiyapu [inf. n. of sw~Y]; (K;) mentioned by Az on the authority of Fr; but in copies of the T, faEolapN from Als~awiy~apu. (TA.) One says, Daraba liY saAyapF, meaning He prepared for me a speech: (K:) or an evil speech, which he framed (saw~aAhaA) against me to deceive me: mentioned by Az on the authority of Fr. (TA.) [See the same word in art. swA^.] [More, and most, equal, equable, uniform, or even: and more, or most, equitable, &c.]. One says, h`*aA AlmakaAnu A^asowaY h`*ihi AlA^amokinapi i. e. [This place is] the most even [of these places]. (M.) An even place; occurring in a trad.: the t is augmentative. (TA.) [act. part. n. of 4]. One says in answer to him who asks, “ How have ye entered upon the morning? ” (S,) or “ How have ye entered upon the evening? ” (M, TA,) musowuwna SaAliHuwna [as enunciatives of naHonu understood], (S, M,) or SaAliHiyna ↓ musotawiyna [as enunciatives of A^aSobaHonaA or A^amosayonaA understood, but I think that musotawiyna is a mistranscription for musowiyna], meaning In a good, right, state, with respect to our children and our cattle. (S, M, TA.) : see 3, in three places. : see sawaA='N, in the former half of the paragraph, in six places: and see also musowK. [hilaAlN musotawK: see A^adofaqu.] sY i. q. sawofa, q. v. and siY~N: see art, swY; and see the latter in art. syw. syA^ , (K,) or ↓ tsy~A^haA, (M,) or both, (TA,) He drew forth the she-camel's saYo', or milk that descended before the full flow: (M, K:) from El-Hejeree. (M.) see above. -A2- tsy~A^t, (S, M, and so in copies of the K,) or Ais~ay~aA^ato, [a variation of the former,] (TA, as from the K,) She (a camel) emitted her milk, (Fr, S, K,) i. e., what is termed saYo', (M,) without its being drawn forth. (Fr, S, K.) ― -b2- Hence, A_in~a fulaAnFA layatasay~aA^u liY bi$aYo'K qaliylK (assumed tropical:) [Verily such a one yields me, or gives me, little]. (TA.) ― -b3- tsy~A^ biHaq~Yi (assumed tropical:) He acknowledged my right, or due, after he had denied it. (K.) ― -b4- tasay~aA^to EalaY~a AlA^umuwru (assumed tropical:) The affairs have become discordant, or diverse, to me, (K, * TA,) so that I know not which of them to pursue; (TA;) as also tasaA^osaA^ato. (TA in art. sA^.) The milk, such as is termed saYo', issued without being drawn forth. (Fr, S.) (Fr, S, M, K) and ↓ siYo'N (M, K) The milk that issues without being drawn forth; (Fr, S;) the milk (S, M, K,) that is in the extremities of the camel's teats, (S, K,) or in the fore part of the udder, (IAth, TA,) descending (K) before, (qabola, so in copies of the S and M and K,) or at the first of, (qubula, so in the TA as from the K,) the full flow. (S, M, K.) -A2- See also the former word in art. swA^. : see the next preceding paragraph. : and say~iy^apN: see art. swA^. , occurring in a trad., is expl. as meaning One who sells grave-clothes, and [therefore] wishes for people's death: it may be from Als~awo'u and AlmasaA='apu: or from Als~aYo'u meaning “ the milk that is in the fore part of the udder: ” or it may be from say~aA^otuhaA meaning “ I milked her. ” (IAth, TA.) syb , (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. yasiybu, (S, A,) inf. n. sayobN, (S, M, A, K,) It ran; (S, M, A, * Mgh, Msb, K;) said of water: (S, M, A, Msb:) and ↓ AnsAb, likewise said of water, it ran of itself. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] sAbt AlHay~apu, (M,) aor. as above; (M, A;) and ↓ AnsAbt; (S, M, A, Msb;) (tropical:) The serpent ran: (S, A, * Msb:) or went along (M, TA) in a uniform, or continuous, course, (M,) or quickly. (TA.) sAb and ↓ AnsAb both signify (assumed tropical:) He, or it, walked, or went along, quickly: (K, TA:) [or] so the former verb. (M.) It is said in a trad., respecting a man who drank from the mouth of a skin, fiY baTonihi Hay~apN ↓ AinosaAbato (tropical:) A serpent entered and ran into his belly with the running of the water: wherefore it was forbidden to drink from the mouth of a skin. (TA.) El-Hareeree, in [his first Makámeh, entitled] the San'áneeyeh, [p. 20,] uses the phrase, fiyhaA EalaY garaArapK ↓ AnsAb, meaning He entered into it as the serpent enters into its lurking place. (TA.) And you say of a viper, sAb and ↓ AnsAb, meaning (tropical:) It came forth from its lurkingplace. (TA.) And naHowakumo ↓ AnsAb (assumed tropical:) He returned towards you. (S.) ― -b3- sAb, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, inf. n. sayabaAnN, said of a horse and the like, (assumed tropical:) He went away at random: (Msb:) or (assumed tropical:) he [app. a horse or the like] went any, or every, way: (Mgh:) or sAbt Ald~aAb~apu (tropical:) The beast was left alone, or by itself, to pasture, without a pastor. (S, * A, TA.) ― -b4- And sAb fiY manoTiqihi (tropical:) He took every way [or roved at large] in his speech: (TA:) or he dilated, or was profuse, without consideration, in his speech. (A, TA.) And sAb fiY AlkalaAmi (tropical:) He entered into talk, or discourse, with loquacity, or irrationality. (TA.) It is said in a trad., A_in~a AlHiylapa biAlmanoTiqi A^abolagu mina Als~uyuwbi fiY Alkalimi, meaning (tropical:) [Verily art, or skill, in speech is more eloquent, or effective,] than what is loose, or unrestrained, [or rambling,] in words; i. e. elegance of speech, with paucity, [is more eloquent, or effective,] than profusion. (L, TA. [Als~uyuwb is here an inf. n.]) (assumed tropical:) He left, left alone, or neglected, a thing. (M.) ― -b2- (tropical:) He left a beast, (S, A,) or a she-camel, (Mgh,) alone, or by itself, to pasture where it would, without a pastor. (S, A, Mgh.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) He emancipated a slave so that he (the emancipator) had no claim to inherit from him, and no control over his property; he made him to be such as is termed saAy^ibap. (Msb.) ― -b4- See also what next follows. , said of a horse, [and jurodaAnahu ↓ sy~b has the same or a similar meaning,] i. q. raf~aDa, q. v. (TA in art. rfD.) see 1, in seven places. [is an inf. n. of 1, used in the sense of saAy^ibN (q. v.), as will be shown in what follows in this paragraph. ― -b2- And hence,] (tropical:) A gift: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) and a voluntary gift, by way of alms, or as a good work: (TA:) and a benefaction, an act of beneficence or kindness, a favour, or a benefit: (M, K:) pl. suyuwbN. (L, TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting a prayer for rain, waA@joEalohu sayobFA naAfiEFA (tropical:) And make Thou it to be a beneficial gift: or the meaning in this instance may be, a flowing rain. (TA.) And one says, faADa sayobuhu EalaY Aln~aAsi (tropical:) His gifts flowed abundantly upon the people. (A, TA.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce jub~aA^N.] ― -b3- Also i. q. rikaAzN (tropical:) [i. e. Metal, or mineral; or pieces of gold or silver, that are extracted from the earth; or any metals or other minerals; or buried treasure of the people of the Time of Ignorance]: (A, Msb:) or so suyuwbN; (A 'Obeyd, S, M, Mgh, K;) which is the pl.: (A, Msb:) the latter signifies, accord. to Th, metals, or minerals: (M, TA:) accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, veins of gold and of silver, that come into existence, and appear, in the mines: so called because of their running (liA@nosiyaAbihaA) in the earth: accord to Z, treasure buried in the Time of Ignorance: or metal, or mineral: (TA:) because of the gift of God, (M, Z, Mgh, TA,) to him who finds it. (Z, TA.) The Prophet said, (Mgh, TA,) fiY Als~uyuwbi Alxumosu, i. e. In the case of rikaAz, the fifth part [is for the government-treasury]. (A, Mgh, TA.) -A2- Also The hair of the tail of a horse. (M, K.) -A3- And A pole with which a ship or boat is propelled. (M, K.) A place, or channel, in which water runs: (S, M, K:) or so siybu maA='K: (A:) pl. suyuwbN. (M.) -A2- And The apple: in this sense a Pers. word [arabicized]: and hence the name of [the celebrated grammarian] siybawayohi; as though meaning “ the scent of apples; ” (M, K, * TA;) accord. to Abu-l-'Alà, (M, TA,) and Seer: (TA:) by some, [app. such as mispronounce it,] this name is said to be from the Pers. siYo signifying “ thirty ” and buwyaho signifying “ odour; ” as though meaning “ thirty odours: ” (MF, TA:) and some say that wayohi is an ejaculation; and that the relaters of traditions dislike pronouncing this name therewith, as also other similar names, and therefore say siybuwyaho, changing the h into p, but pausing upon it [so as to pronounce it h]. (TA.) and ↓ suy~aAbN (S, M, K) and ↓ say~aAbN (K) [Unripe dates in the state in which they are called] balaH: (S, M, K:) or [in the state in which they are called] busor: (K:) or green busor: (AHn, M:) As says that the flowers of the palm-tree when they have become balaH are termed sayaAbN, without teshdeed: (TA:) [but see busorN:] the n. un. is sayaAbapN (S, M) and suy~aAbapN (S) [and say~aAbapN]: Sh says that they are called sadaA=' in the dial. of ElMedeeneh, and one is called syAbp in the dial. of Wádi-l-Kurà: and he adds, I have heard the Bahránees say ↓ suy~aAb and suy~aAbap. (TA.) n. un. of sayaAbN; (S, M;) like as suy~aAbapN is of suy~aAbN. (S.) ― -b2- Also Wine. (K.) and say~aAbN: see sayaAbN, in three places. Running water. (Msb.) [See also sayobN, first sentence.] (tropical:) Any beast that is left to pasture where it will, without a pastor: (M, A, K: *) pl. sawaAy^ibu and suy~abN. (A.) (assumed tropical:) A camel that has lived until his offspring have had offspring, and is therefore set at liberty, and not ridden, (M, K,) nor laden with a burden. (M.) In the Kur v. 102, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that was set at liberty to pasture where it would, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) in the Time of Ignorance, (S, K,) on account of a vow (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and the like: (S, K:) or the mother of a baHiyrap; (S, Mgh; [in the Msb, said to be a baHiyrap (itself); and in one place in the TA said to be a she-camel of which the dam is a baHiyrp; but both of these explanations require consideration, as will be seen from what follows;]) or (K) a she-camel which, having brought forth females at ten successive births, was set at liberty to pasture where she would, (S, K,) and not ridden, nor was here milk drunk except by her young one or a guest, until she died, when the men and the women ate her together; and the ear of her last female young one was slit, and she was [therefore] called baHiyrap, and was a saAy^ibap like her mother: (S:) or a she-camel of which a man, (M, IAth, K,) in the Time of Ignorance, (M,) when he came from a far journey, (M. IAth, K,) or re- covered from a disease, (IAth, TA,) or had been saved by his beast from difficulty or trouble, (M, IAth,) or when his beast had been saved therefrom, (K,) or from war, said, hiYa saAy^ibapN; (M, IAth, K;) i. e. she was left to pasture where she would, without a pastor, and no use was made of her back, nor was she debarred from water, nor from herbage, nor ridden: (IAth, TA:) thus it signifies in the Kur: (M:) or a she-camel from whose back a vertebra or [some other] bone was taken forth, (M, K,) so that she became known thereby, (M,) and which was not debarred from water nor from herbage, nor ridden, (M, K,) nor milked: (TA:) the pl. is suy~abN, like nuw~aHN pl. of naAy^iHapN, and nuw~amN pl. of naAy^imapN; (S;) and sawaAy^ibu. (TA.) It is said in a trad., “ I saw 'Amr Ibn-Loheí dragging his intestines in the fire [of Hell]: ” and he was the first who set at liberty sawaAy^ib: the doing of which is forbidden in the Kur v. 102. (TA.) And it is related that a hostile attack was made upon a certain man of the Arabs, and he found not any [other] beast to ride, so he rode a saAy^ibap: whereupon it was said to him, “ Dost thou ride what is forbidden? ” and he replied, yarokabu AlHaraAma mano laA HalaAla lahu [He rides what is forbidden who has not what is allowed]: and this saying became a proverb. (M.) Als~aAy^ibataAni means The badanataAni [i. e. two camels, or cows or bulls, for sacrifice,] which the Prophet brought as offerings to the House [of God at Mekkeh], and which one of the believers in a plurality of gods took away: they are thus called because he gave them up (say~abahumaA) to God. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) A slave emancipated so that the emancipator has no claim to inherit from him, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) except, accord. to EshSháfi'ee, in the case of the slave's dying without appointing any heir, in which case his inheritance belongs to his emancipator, (TA,) [for] such an emancipated slave may bestow his property where [or on whom] he pleases, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) agreeably with a trad.: (Mgh, TA:) [in the S, and in the Msb as on the authority of IF, it is added, that “ this is what is related to have been forbidden: ” but from what has been stated above, this appears to be a mistake; and I think that these words have been misplaced in the S and Msb, and that they relate only to the she-camel termed saAy^ibap:] a slave is thus emancipated by his owner's saying to him, A^anota saAy^ibapN. (S.) 'Omar said, Als~aAy^ibapu waAlS~adaqapu liyawomihimaA [The sáïbeh and alms are for their day]: i. e., for the day of resurrection; so that one may not return to the deriving of any advantage from them in the present world. (AO, Mgh, TA.) syj : see art. swj. : see art. swj. syH , (S, Mgh, K,) or saAHa EalaY wajohi AlA^aroDi, (A,) aor. yasiyHu, (S, K,) inf. n. sayoHN (S, A, Mgh, K) and sayaHaAnN, (K,) It (water) ran upon the surface of the earth. (S, A, Mgh, K.) ― -b2- And hence, (TA,) saAHa fiY AlA^aroDi, (S, A, Msb,) aor. as above, (S, Msb,) inf. n. siyaAHapN, (A,) or sayoHN, (Msb,) or both, and suyuwHN and sayaHaAnN, (S, K,) said of a man, (A,) (tropical:) He went, or journeyed, through the land, or earth, (S, L, K, &c.,) for the purpose of devoting himself to religious services or exercises: (L, K:) or in this restricted sense, which MF asserts to be unmentioned in most of the older books, and thinks to be conventional, the verb has only the first of the inf. ns. above, and in the absolute sense it has the second and third and fourth. (TA.) It is said in a trad., laA siyaAHapa fiY AlA_isolaAmi (S, A, TA) i. e. (tropical:) [There shall be no going about through the land, or earth, in the way of devotees, in ElIslám: or] no quitting of the cities, or towns, and going, or journeying, through the land, or earth: (TA:) or no quitting of the cities, or towns, and dwelling in the deserts, and forsaking the being present at the congregational prayers and at assemblies: or no going about through the land, or earth, doing evil, or mischief, and calumniating and corrupting. (IAth, TA.) The siyaAHap of the Muslims [in a religious sense, and such as is approvable,] is (assumed tropical:) Fasting. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] saAHa AlZ~il~u The shade changed, or turned, or moved, from side to side, or from place to place. (S, K.) [sy~H is said by Golius, as on the authority of the K, to signify He made water to flow: and this is probably its primary and proper signification, whence other meanings, which are tropical: but it is not in the K.] ― -b2- See 4. ― -b3- sy~H fulaAnN, [app. for sy~H kalaAmahu,] inf. n. tasoyiyHN, (tropical:) Such a one talked much. (A, TA.) ― -b4- And suy~iHa, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) had in it [or was diversified with] various stripes. (L.) [And in like manner it is said of other things: see its part. n., musay~aHN.] He made a river, or rivulet, to flow, or run. (A, K.) [See also 2.] ― -b2- AsAH Alfarasu jurodaAnahu (A) or *akarahu (L) (tropical:) The horse put forth his veretrum from its prepuce; (L;) and ↓ sy~H signifies the same: (A, L:) or both of these verbs, said of a horse, are syn. with raf~aDa [q. v.]. (TA in art. rfD.) ― -b3- And AsAH bi*anabihi, said of a horse, (assumed tropical:) He let his tail hang down loosely: (K:) accord. to the K, J is in error in writing this verb A$AH; and Az says that AsAH is right, and that A$AH is a mistranscription: the like is also said in the TS: but A$AH is asserted by more than one to be the right word. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) His belly became large (K, TA) and wide, (TA,) and approached [the ground] by reason of fatness. (K, TA.) One says of a she-ass, AnsAH baTonuhaA, meaning (assumed tropical:) Her belly became big, and approached the ground. (IAar, T.) ― -b2- AnsAH baAluhu (tropical:) [His, or its, state, or condition,] became free from straitness, or unstraitened. (S, O, K.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Dhu-r-Rummeh, (O,) A^uman~iY Damiyra Aln~afosi A_iy~aAki baEodamaA yuraAjiEuniY bav~iY fayanosaAHu baAluhaA (tropical:) [I make the secret thoughts of the soul to wish for thee after my grief, or sorrow, returns to me; and then the state, or condition, thereof, becomes free from straitness]. (S, O.) ― -b3- AnsAH said of a garment, or piece of cloth, (K, TA,) &c., (TA,) (assumed tropical:) It became much rent, or rent in several places. (K, TA.) In like manner it is said of the dawn [as meaning (assumed tropical:) It broke]. (TA.) And it is said in the trad. relating to the cave (AlgaAr [mentioned in the Kur ix. 40]) faA@nosaAHati AlS~axorapu, meaning (assumed tropical:) [And the mass of rock] became impelled and riven: and hence, [accord. to some,] the ↓ saAHap of a house [expl. in art. swH]: but as some relate it, the verb in this instance is [AnSAxt,] with S and x. (TA.) Running water; (S, Msb;) an inf. n. used as a subst.: (Msb:) or running external water: (K:) or external water running upon the surface of the earth: (T, TA:) the water of rivers and valleys: (Mgh:) pl. suyuwHN. (T, TA.) [And it is used as an epithet:] you say also (TA) maA='N sayoHN (A, TA) and ↓ saAy^iHN (A) Water running upon the surface of the earth: (A, TA:) pl. of the former A^asoyaAHN. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) A striped [garment of the kind called] kisaA=', (K, TA,) with which one covers himself, and which one spreads: (TA:) or a striped [garment such as is called] EabaA='ap: and a sort of [the garments called] buruwd: (S:) pl. suyuwHN. (TA.) See also musay~aHN. : see 7; and see also art. swH. (tropical:) An itinerant, a roamer, or frequent traveller: (A, * MA:) from saAHa fiY AlA^aroDi. (A.) : see sayoHN. ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) A man going, or journeying, [as a devotee, or otherwise,] through the land or earth. (A.) ― -b3- And, as being likened thereto, (tropical:) Fasting, or a faster: (A:) or a faster who keeps to the mosques: (K:) the faster is said to be thus called because he who journeys as a devotee does so without having any provision with him, and eats only when he finds provision: therefore the faster is likened to him. (TA.) Als~aAy^iHuwna in the Kur ix. 113 means (tropical:) The fasters: (Bd, Jel, TA:) so say Zj and I'Ab and Ibn-Mes'ood: (TA:) or those who observe the obligatory fasts: or those who fast constantly: (TA:) or those who journey to war against unbelievers, or to seek knowledge. (Bd.) And saAy^iHaAt in the Kur lxvi. 5 means (assumed tropical:) Women who fast: or who forsake their country or homes [for the sake of God]. (Bd, Jel.) ― -b4- This last (sAy^HAt [if not a mistranscription for saAbiHaAt]) also means (assumed tropical:) Swift horses: ― -b5- and (assumed tropical:) The planets. (KL.) or masaAHapN, the latter of the measure mafoEalapN, from Als~iyaAHapu, [each app. meaning (assumed tropical:) A place of siyaAHap, or journeying,] is sing. of masaAyiHu, in which the Y is like that in maEaAyi$u, as in other similar words of which the medial radical is an infirm letter, except maSaAy^ibu, by rule maSaAwibu. (Har p. 15.) ― -b2- [The pl. masaAyiHu is also expl. by Freytag as applied in the Deewán of Jereer to (assumed tropical:) The part of the head between the temples as far as the forehead (where the hairs are).] (assumed tropical:) Striped; applied in this sense to a [garment of the kind called] burod; (S, K;) and also, with p, to a [garment such as is called] EabaA='ap: (S:) or applied to [the garments called] EabaA=' as meaning having alternate stripes of white and black, the latter not intensely black: every EbA'p also is termed ↓ sayoHN and musay~aHapN: but that which has not stripes is a kisaA=', not an EbA'p. (ISh, TA.) So too applied to locusts (jaraAd); (K;) and with p applied to a single locust [i. e. jaraAdap]: (TA:) or, applied to locusts, it means marked with black and yellow and white stripes or streaks. (As, TA.) It is also applied as an epithet to the [bird called] HayoquTaAn. (S.) ― -b2- (tropical:) The wild ass: so called because of his streak that makes a division between the belly and the side. (K, TA.) musay~aHu AlEajiyzapi (tropical:) [He that has the rump streaked] is an epithet applied to the [wild] ass because of the whiteness on his rump. (A, TA.) ― -b3- (tropical:) A road of which the tracks ($arak or $uruk in different copies of the K) are rendered apparent: (K, TA:) likened to the EabaA=' thus termed. (TA.) (tropical:) One who goes about calumniating, and making mischief, in the land: (S, A, K:) pl. masaAyiyHu: so in the trad., layosuwA biAlmasaAyiyHi walaA biAlma*aAyiyEi Albu*uri (tropical:) [They are not of those who go about calumniating, &c., nor of the babblers who cannot keep secrets.] (S, TA.) Sh derives it, not from Als~iyaAHapu, but, from tasoyiyHu Alv~awobi. (L, TA.) syx , aor. yasiyxu, inf. n. sayoxN and sayaxaAnN, i. q. rasaxa and vaAxa [both app. as signifying It sank into the ground: or by the former may here be meant it was, or became, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established]. (K.) See also 1 in art. swx, in two places. A building of clay, (JK, TK,) of any kind: (JK:) pl. suyuwxN. (JK, TK.) In the copies of the K, bunaApu AlT~iyni is erroneously put for binaA='u AlT~iyni. (TK.) syd a contraction of say~idN, q. v. in art. swd. A wolf: (S, M, A, K: mentioned in the K in art. swd; and in the S, at the close of that art.:) accord. to Sb, its medial radical letter is Y; its dim. being ↓ suyayodN: not like riyHN [of which the dim. is ruwayoHapN], nor like diymapN: (M:) and ↓ siydaAnapN signifies the same: (K:) or so ↓ siydaAnN; (M;) which is the pl. (S, M, A) also: (M:) and ↓ siydaAnapN signifies a she-wolf; (M, A, and Ham p. 274;) [and] so ↓ siydapN; (Ks, S;) or this is not allowable. (Ham ubi suprà.) One says siydu ramolK [A wolf of sands; i. e., that frequents the sands; meaning a savage wolf]. (S.) Hence, ↓ AimoraA^apN siydaAnapN (tropical:) A bold woman, (M, A,) like the she-wolf. (A.) ― -b2- And A lion (S, M, K) is sometimes thus called, (S,) in the dial. of Hudheyl. (M.) The former is the primary signification accord. to J and others; though the contr. seems to be indicated in the K. (TA.) fem. of siydN, q. v., accord. to Ks: (S:) but said to be not allowable. (Ham p. 274.) : see siydN. : see siydN, in three places. dim. of siydN, q. v. (Sb, M.) : and siy~adN: see art. swd. mentioned by Ez-Zarkeshee as a dial. var. of masojidN [q. v.]: though by MF to be postclassical: and in the [classical] language of the Arabs i. q. makotabN [A place where the art of writing is taught]. (TA.) syr , aor. yasiyru, inf. n. sayorN and masiyrN, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) which latter is extr., for by rule it should be of the measure mafoEalN, with fet-h [to the E], (S,) and masiyrapN (M, K) and sayoruwrapN (M, Mgh, K) like qayoluwlapN, but [Mtr says] we have not heard it, (Mgh,) and tasoyaArN, (S, M, K,) which last denotes repetition or frequency of the action, (M,) He, or it, went [in any manner, or any pace]; went, or passed, along; marched, journeyed, or proceeded; went away, passed away, or departed; (M, * K, * TA;) by night and by day. (Msb, TA.) You say, saArati Ald~aAb~apu [The beast went, went along, &c.]. (S.) [And sAr sayorFA $adiydFA He (a camel or other beast, and a man,) went a vehement pace, or vehemently. And sAr AlEanaqa He (a camel, or a horse,) went the pace, or in the manner, termed AlEanaq: and the like.] And saAruwA mino baladK libaladK [They went, or journeyed, from town to town, or from country to country]: (A:) or sAr mino baladK A_ilaY baladK [he went, &c.]. (Mgh.) And baAraka A@ll~`hu fiY masiyrika i. e. sayorika [May God bless thy journeying]. (S.) And siro Eanoka Go thou from thy place; pass thou from it: (L in art. nf*:) or (assumed tropical:) feign thou heedlessness, and bear, or endure, or be forbearing; an elliptical phrase; as though it were originally siro wadaEo Eanoka AlmiraA='a waAl$~ak~a [go thou, and leave wrangling and doubt]. (S.) ― -b2- [Hence, sArt Als~afiynapu (tropical:) The ship went, or sailed: for] sayoru Als~afiynapi is a tropical phrase. (Mgh.) ― -b3- And sAr siyrapF HasanapF (tropical:) [He pursued a good way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like], (S, A, Msb,) and siyrapF qabiyHapF [a bad way, &c.]. (Msb.) ― -b4- And sAr fiY Aln~aAsi (assumed tropical:) It became current, or commonly known, among the people; [as also ↓ tasay~ara, alone; (see Har p. 318;)] i. e. a proverb, and a saying. (M.) ― -b5- And sArt sun~apN (assumed tropical:) [A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like, obtained, or was usual, among people]. (M.) -A2- sAr is also trans., syn. with say~ara. (S, M, Msb, K.) See the latter, in five places. ― -b2- [Hence,] sAr sun~apF (assumed tropical:) He made, or caused, a way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like, to obtain, or became usual, among people. (S, M, * TA.) The Hudhalee (Khálid Ibn-Zuheyr, M) says, falaA tajozaEano mino sun~apK A^anota sirotahaA faA^aw~alu raADK sun~apF mano yasiyruhaA [Then by no means be thou impatient of a way of acting which thou hast made usual; for the first who should be content with a way of acting is he who makes it usual]. (S, M, L, TA: but in the M and TA, in the place of tjzEn, we find tagoDabano.) , (M, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. tasoyiyrN; (TA;) and ↓ AsArhu; (M, A, K;) and ↓ sArhu, (K,) inf. n. sayorN and siyrapN and masaArN and masiyrapN [or masiyrN, as below]; (TA;) and bihi ↓ sAr; (IJ, M, K;) He made him (a man, A, Msb) to go [in any manner, or any pace]; to go, or pass, along; to march, journey, or proceed; to go away, pass away, or depart: (M, A, Msb, K, TA:) and bihi ↓ suwra [for siyra bihi, the reg. pass. form of saAra bihi,] is mentioned; like huwba and kuwla. (M.) And sy~r Ald~aAb~apa; (M, A, Msb;) and ↓ AsArhA; (M;) and ↓ sArhA, (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. sayorN and siyrapN and masaArN and masiyrN [or masiyrapN, as above]; (M;) He made the beast to go &c.: (S, M, A, Msb:) or ↓ sirotu Ald~aAb~apa signifies I rode the beast [and thus made it to go &c.]: (Ibn-Buzurj, TA:) but when you ride it to pasture, you say, ↓ A^asarotuhaA, (Msb,) or AsrthA A_ilaY AlkalaA^i (Ibn-Buzurj, TA) or AlY AlmaroEaY. (A.) And sy~rhu mino baladihi He made him to go, or depart, from his town, or country; expelled, or banished, him from it. (S, A.) ― -b2- [Hence] sy~r (tropical:) He removed, or put off, or took off, the horsecloth, or covering, (S, A, K,) from the horse, (K,) or beast, (A,) or from the back of the beast. (S.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) He made a proverb, (K,) and a saying, (TA,) to become current; (K;) he published it among the people. (TA,) ― -b4- And sy~r siyrapN (assumed tropical:) He related stories of the ancients. (M, K.) -A2- sy~rhu [from sayorN meaning “ a thong ”] He made stripes upon it; namely, a garment, or piece of cloth, and an arrow. (M.) And say~arato xiDaAbahaA She (a woman) made her dye to have the form of stripes, like thongs. (K, * A, * TA.) , (S, M, A,) inf. n. musaAyarapN, (A,) He went, went along, &c., (saAra,) with him: (M:) he went at an equal rate, or kept pace, with him: (PS:) he ran with him; syn. jaAraAhu. (S, A.) ― -b2- [And He vied, contended, or competed, with him in going, or in running: and hence, (assumed tropical:) in any affair; like jaAraAhu,] See also 6. see 2, in three places. see 8: ― -b2- and see also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. -A2- tsy~r [from sayorN meaning “ a thong ”] said of a man's skin, It peeled off, (A, K, TA,) and became like thongs. (TA.) They two [went, or went along, (see 3,) or] went at an equal rate, or kept pace, each with the other: (PS:) or ran, each with the other. (S, A.) ― -b2- One says of a great, or frequent, liar, laA tasaAyarahu xayolaAhu [lit. His two troops of horses will not run together, each troop with the other: meaning (assumed tropical:) his assertions will not be found to agree together]: (so in a copy of the M:) or ↓ laA tusaAyaru xayolaAhu. (So in the K and TA voce xayolN, q. v.; and so in the TA in the present art. [See also 6 in art. slm.]) ― -b3- [And They two vied, contended, or competed, each with the other, in going, or in running: and hence, (assumed tropical:) in any affair.] ― -b4- One says also, tasaAyara Eano wajohihi AlgaDabu (tropical:) Anger went [or disappeared by degrees] from his face. (TA, from a trad.) , (O, K, TA,) or bsyrth ↓ tsy~r, (as in the CK,) (assumed tropical:) He pursued his way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like. (O, K, * TA.) -A2- And AstAr [from siyrapN in the last of the senses assigned to this word below] He procured for himself wheat, or other provision, from a place, to be laid up in store. (S, O, K.) : see saAy^irN. an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, M, A, &c.) [Used as a simple subst., A going, in any manner, or any pace; passage, march, journey, progress, or course: a pace: pace as meaning degree of celerity, or rate of going: departure: see also siyrapN.] -A2- Also A thong, or strap, or strip of skin or leather; (S, Msb, K;) i. q. $iraAkN: (M:) pl. [of mult.] suyuwrN (S, M, A, Msb) and suyuwrapN and [pl. of pauc.] A^asoyaArN. (M.) It is said in a prov., qud~ato suyuwruhu mino A^adiymika [His thongs have been cut from thy hide]: applied to two things exactly resembling each other. (AHeyth, Meyd.) And layosa fiY AlEaSaA sayorN is a post-classical prov., (Meyd,) meaning There is not in the staff, or stick, a thong: the syr in this case being the thong that is inserted into the perforation of the head of the staff, or stick, and whereof a ring is tied, into which the hand is put: the prov. is applied to him who is unable to perform that which he desires to do. (Har p. 232.) : see the next paragraph, in two places. [i. q. sayorN as meaning A going, in any manner, or any pace; &c.: see above:] a subst. from 1 in the first of the senses assigned to it above. (M, K.) Lh mentions the saying, A_in~ahu laHasanu Als~iyrapi [Verily he is good in going, &c.]. (M: in the TA, ↓ Als~ayorapi, as having the meaning here next following.) ― -b2- Also, (M,) or ↓ sayorapN, (K,) [but the former seems to be the right, being agreeable with analogy, whereas the latter is anomalous,] A mode, or manner, of going, &c. (M, K.) ― -b3- And the former, (tropical:) A way, course, rule, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or life or the like; syn. TariyqapN (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and sun~apN (M, K) and ma*ohabN: (Mgh:) pl. siyarN. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, saAra bihimo siyrapF HasanapF (tropical:) [He pursued with them a good way of acting]. (S.) And saAra AlwaAliY fiY Alr~aEiy~ahi siyrapF HasanapF (tropical:) [The prefect, or governor, pursued among the subjects a good way of acting]; (A, Msb; *) and in like manner, siyrapF qabiyHapF [a bad way of acting]. (Msb.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) The record of a man's actions and pious works; the prefixed noun SaHiyfap being understood. (Mgh.) ― -b5- (tropical:) Stories of the ancients: (M, K:) [or so siyrapu A^aw~aliyna:] you say, h`*aA fiY siyrapi AlA^aw~aliyna (tropical:) [This is in the stories of the ancients]. (A.) ― -b6- [Hence it is used in the present day as meaning (assumed tropical:) The mention of a person or thing: and (assumed tropical:) a matter, or subject, of discourse.] ― -b7- Also, as a law term, (Mgh,) or so [the pl.] siyarN, (Mgh, Msb,) (assumed tropical:) Military expeditions; or the memorable actions thereof; (Msb;) or the affairs thereof. (Mgh.) And they say Als~iyaru Alkabiyru [meaning (assumed tropical:) The great book of military expeditions; for kitaAbN Als~iyaru Alkabiyru]; using a masc. epithet in lieu of the [suppressed] prefixed noun kitaAb. (Mgh.) ― -b8- Also, the sing., (assumed tropical:) Mode, or manner, of being; state, or condition; syn. hayoy^apN, (M, O, Msb, K,) and HaAlapN. (O, Msb.) So in the Kur xx. 22. (M, O, TA.) -A2- Also Wheat, or other provision, that is brought from a place to be laid up in store. (S, O, K.) That goes, or journeys, much: or a great goer: (IJ, M, K:) and ↓ sayuwrN is applied as an epithet [in the same sense] to a hackney, and to an ass. (Az, TA in art. frh.) (S, M, K, &c.) and siyoraA=' (TA) [which latter, according to analogy, should be with tenween, but perhaps it is without tenween as being a contraction of the former,] A sort of garment, or cloth, of the kind called buruwd, (Fr, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) having yellow stripes; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or mixed with silk; (K;) or mixed with [the silk termed] qaz~: (AZ, A'Obeyd, Mgh:) or a sort of buruwd of silk: (A:) or a sort of garment, or cloth, having stripes, made of of qaz~: or certain garments, or cloths, of El-Yemen; (M;) which are now commonly known by the name of maDof: (TA:) or a sort of buruwd mixed with silk like thongs; and hence its appellation, from sayorN, “ a thong: ” it is asserted by certain of the later writers that it is a subst., not an epithet; and he who says so cites Sb as asserting that a word of the measure fiEalaA='u is not an epithet, but is a subst.: hence, he says, it is used with a prefixed noun, as in the ex. Hul~apu siyaraA='a; and is expl. as signifying clear silk. (IAth, TA.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) The diaphragm, or midriff: (M, K: *) metaphorically used in this sense by a poet. (M.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) The peel [or pellicle] adhering to the stone of a date. (M, K.) ― -b4- And A palm branch stripped of its leaves. (M, K.) ― -b5- And Gold: (M:) or clear, pure, gold. (K, * TA.) ― -b6- And A certain plant, (M, K, TA,) not described by Ed-Deenawaree [i.e. AHn]; as some say, (TA,) resembling the xul~ap [q. v.]: (K, TA:) so in the Tekmileh. (TA.) : see suyarapN. A journeyer, or traveller: (A:) and say~aArapN, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) for jamaAEapN say~aArapN, (Mgh,) or qawomN say~aArapN, (A,) a company of persons journeying: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) [accord. to ISd,] say~aArapN is made fem. because meaning rufoqapN, or jamaAEapN. (M.) ― -b2- Als~ayaArapu [and Als~ay~aAraAtu] (assumed tropical:) The five planets; Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. (TA in art. kns.) [part. n. of 1, Going, &c. ― -b2- Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A proverb [and a saying] current, or commonly known. (TA.) -A2- Also, and ↓ saArN, (S, M, K,) both are syn., (K,) signifying The rest, or remainder, of a thing: (M:) [and accord. to some,] the whole, or all, of a thing or of people. (S, TA.) [See the former word in art. sA^r.] : see the next paragraph. an inf. n. of saAra. (S, M, A, &c.) ― -b2- [Also A place, and a time, of going, or journeying.] ― -b3- And pass. part. n. of saAra; (Msb, MF;) [and so ↓ masuwrN, for] you say TariyqN masuwrN, (K,) or TariyqN masuwrN fiyhi, (IJ, M,) [A travelled road,] and rajulN masuwrN bihi [A man made to go, or journey, &c.]: (IJ, M, K:) accord. to Kh, in this case, and in others like it, the Y is changed into w [so that masoyuwrN, the original form of masiyrN and of masuwrN, becomes masowuwrN, and is then contracted into masuwrN]: (M:) or, accord. to Kh, the Y is rejected: but accord. to Akh, it is the w that is rejected [so that masoyuwrN becomes masoyurN; and then, masuyorN; and then masuwrN]. (TA.) A space which one traverses in journeying; a journey as measured by the time that it occupies; as in the phrase, masiyrapu $ahorK a month's journey; (TA;) and bayonahumaA masiyrapu yawomK [Between them two is the space of a day's journey]. (S, TA.) masiyrapu yawomK [A day's journey] is twenty-four miles. (MF in art. qrT$.) A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with stripes (S, M, A, K) like thongs, (S, M, A,) made of silk: or a burod mixed with silk. (TA.) [See also siyaraA='u.] ― -b2- And EuqaAbN musay~arapN A striped eagle. (M.) ― -b3- And Almusay~arN, (K,) or musay~aru AlqrEi, (TA, [but the orthography of the latter word I think doubtful,]) A certain sweetmeat, (K, TA,) wellknown. (TA.) [A place whence one procures wheat, or other provision, for subsistence, to be laid up in store: from AisotaAra in the latter of the senses assigned to it above, agreeably with analogy, and as is indicated in the S]. A rájiz says, [namely, Aboo-Wejzeh, as in a copy of the S,] A^$okuw A_ilaY A@ll~`hi AlEaziyzi Algaf~aAro vum~a A_ilayoka Alyawoma buEoda AlmusotaAru [I complain unto God, the Mighty, the Very Forgiving, then unto thee, this day, the remoteness of the place whence I have to procure provision for subsistence]: or, accord. to some, AlmusotaAr, in this verse, is of the measure mufotaEalN from Als~ayoru [and, like it, meaning the journey]. (S.) syE , aor. yasiyEu, inf. n. sayoEN and suyuwEN, It (water, and the saraAb [or mirage],) ran, and was in a state of commotion, upon the surface of the ground; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ AnsAE: (S:) or the latter, said of water, it ran upon the surface of the ground; as also ↓ tsy~E: and ↓ AnsAE, said of a thing in a congealed or solid state, signifies also it melted; became fluid, or liquid. (TA.) ― -b2- saAEati AlA_ibilu, (Sh, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. sayoEN, (Sh,) The camels were left to themselves, without a pastor; (Sh, K;) as also sAEt having tasuwEu for its aor. and sawoEN for its inf. n. (Sh, S * and K * in art. swE.) ― -b3- And saAEa Al$~aYo'a, aor. as above, The thing became left, or neglected, or lost; or it perished. (TA.) The act of plastering with mud [or with sayaAE]. (K.) You say, say~aEotu AlHaAy^iTa I plastered the wall with mud and chopped straw. (S.) ― -b2- And The act of anointing with fat and the like. (K.) You say, say~aEati AlmaroA^apu mazaAdatahaA The woman anointed [with fat, or the like, her leathern water-bag]. (TA.) He left it, neglected it, lost it, or destroyed it. (TA.) [See also art. swE.] see 1. -A2- tsy~E Albaqolu The herbs, or leguminous plants, dried up; or became yellow. (TA.) see 1, in two places. Water running upon the surface of the ground. (Lth, K.) , (K,) or siyaAEN, (S,) or both, (MF, TA,) Mud: (TA:) or mud [mixed] with chopped straw, with which one plasters. (Kr, S, K.) The saying of the poet, (S, K,) namely El-Kutámee, (K,) describing his she-camel, (TA,) falam~aA A^ano jaraY simanN EalayohaA kamaA Tay~anota biAlfadani Als~ayaAEaA presents an inversion, the meaning being kmA Ty~nt biAlsiy~aAEi Alfadani [i. e. And when fatness extended upon her, as when thou plasterest with mud and chopped straw the pavilion]; Alfadan signifying AlqaSor. (S, K: [but in the former, only the latter hemistich is cited; and in some copies of the former, and in the O, we find baT~anota in the place of Tay~anota.]) ― -b2- Also Fat with which a mazaAdap [or leathern water-bag] is anointed. (K.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) Pitch, or tar; syn. zifotN; as being likened to mud, because of its blackness. (TA.) , mentioned in this art. in the TA: see art. swE. A mirage [running upon the surface of the ground, (see 1,) and] in a state of commotion: (S, * TA:) or, as some say, [in a state of exceeding commotion; for] the form of the epithet in this case denotes mufaADalap. (TA.) A plasterer's trowel; syn. maAlajapN: (S:) a piece of wood made smooth, used by skilful plasterers with mud. (Lth, K.) A she-camel that goes away in the place of pasturing: (K:) mentioned by J in art. swE, q. v.: (TA:) or that bears, or suffers, neglect, or being left alone, (Aal~atiY taHomilu AlD~ayoEapa, [for the last of which words we find in some copies of the K AlD~ayoEapa, but it is said in the TA that the former is the right reading, as is shown by its being added,]) and bad superintendence or management; (K, TA;) thus expl. by As: (TA:) or upon which one journeys and returns; (K;) thus expl. by Sgh, but this is the explanation of mirobaAEN, with which it is coupled. (TA.) syg , aor. A^asiyguhu, inf. n. sayogN: see 4, in art. swg. : see h*A sawogu h*A, in art. swg, in two places. : see saAy^igN, in art. swg. syf , (S, M, O, K,) first pers. sifotuhu, (S, O, Msb, K, [in the CK, erroneously, sufotuhu,]) aor. yasiyfu, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. sayofN, (M,) He struck him, or smote him, with the sayof [or sword]; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ tsy~fhu. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 3. -A2- sayifa, inf. n. sayafN; and ↓ AnsAf; [app., as seems to be indicated by the context, said of palm-trees (naxolN) or of palmbranches (saEafN), as meaning They had upon them what is termed siyf, q. v.:] (M, TA: *) and sayifat and ↓ AnsAft are said of a palm-tree (naxolapN) [app. as meaning it had siyf upon it]. (TA.) signifies The contending with another in fight, or in smiting, with the sword. (S, Mgh.) ↓ saAyafaniY fasifotuhu, a phrase mentioned, without his adding anything thereto, by Lh, app. means [He contended with me in smiting with the sword, and] I was more skilled in the use of the sword (kunotu A^asoyafa) than he. (M.) ― -b2- See also 6. The people, or party, came to the siyf [or sea-shore]. (AAF, M.) -A2- AsAf Alxaroza (S, K) i. q. xaramahu (S, TA) [expl. in art. swf] is said to belong to the present art., in which it is mentioned by IF as well as J. (TA.) see 1. -A2- [Accord. to Freytag, tasay~afa signifies He was slain with the sword: but he mentions no authority for this. Perhaps the pass. form of this verb may have this meaning.] They contended, one with another, in smiting with swords; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ sAyfwA; (K;) and so ↓ AstAfwA, (M, K,) as expl. by the lexicologists; but this last properly signifies they took, or took hold of, the swords. (IJ, M.) see 1, in two places. signifies The act of [putting to the sword,] destroying, or killing. (KL.) One says, Ausotiyfa Alqawomu [app. meaning The people, or party, were put to the sword]: (K:) a phrase mentioned by Lth. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 6. A sword; (MA, PS, &c.;) a certain thing with which one smites; (M;) well known: its names exceed a thousand: (K: in which it is added that its author has mentioned these names in [his book entitled] Alr~awoDu Almasoluwfu:) [for the names of particular parts thereof, see *ubaAbN:] pl. [of pauc.] A^asoyaAfN (S, M, O, Msb, K) and A^asoyufN (Lh, M, O, K) and [of mult.] suyuwfN (S, M, O, Msb, K) and [quasi-pl. n.] ↓ masoyafapN, like ma$oyaxapN, (O, K, TA,) or masiyfapN, like ma$iyxapN. (CK.) [Hence,] sayofu Aljab~aAri (assumed tropical:) [The sword of Orion;] the three stars [ η, θ, κ, beneath the girdle] of Aljb~Ar, in a sloping direction, near together, disposed in a row. (Kzw.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A certain fish, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) resembling a sayof [or sword]; (Ibn-'Abbád, O;) as also ↓ siyfN. (K.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) The sabiyb, (M,) [i. e.] the hair of the tail, (K,) of a horse. (M, K.) ― -b4- sayofu AlguraAbi (assumed tropical:) i. q. Ald~alabuwvu; (K) A certain plant, the stem (A^aSol) and leaves of which are exactly like those of the saffron, and the bulb of which is enclosed in a covering of [fibres of the kind called] liyf; (AHn;) so called because its leaves are slender at the extremity like the sayof [or sword]. (AHn, K.) ― -b5- humo A^asoyaAfN [lit. They are swords] means A^aHozaAbN [i. e. (assumed tropical:) they are bodies, or parties, of men prepared, or ready, for fighting, &c.]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) ― -b6- And one says, bayona fak~ayohi sayofN SaArimN (tropical:) [Between his two jaws is a sharp tongue; lit., a cleaving sword]. (TA.) The shore (saAHil) of the sea or of a great river: (S, M, O, Mgh, Msb, K:) and the side (saAHil) of a valley: or [the margin of the shore of a sea or of a great river; for it is added,] every saAHil has a siyf: or Als~iyfu is applied only to the siyf [or sea-shore, or seaboard,] of 'Omán: (K:) [if otherwise applied,] its pl. is A^asoyaAfN. (S, M.) One says, humo A^aholu A^asoyaAf K waA^aroyaAfK [They are people of the shores of the sea or of a great river, and of the tracts of towns, or villages, and cultivated lands]. (TA.) -A2- Also A thing that adheres to the lower parts, or roots, of palm-branches, like [the fibres called] liyf, but not the same as liyf: (S: in which is added, “ this I have taken from a book, without having heard it: ”) or the [fibrous substance called] liyf, (K,) or the thick, or coarse, liyf, (M,) adhering to the lower parts, or roots, of palm-branches, which is the worst sort thereof, [i. e. of lyf,] (M, K,) and the harshest, and coarsest. (M.) [See $iyfN.] -A3- See also sayofN. : see art. swf. , applied to a man, Tall and slender, (Ks, S, M, O, K,) like the sayof [or sword], (M,) lank in the belly: (Ks, S, O:) and with p applied to a woman, (Ks, S, M, O, K,) meaning tall; resembling a sword-blade: (O:) or it is peculiar to women; (K;) [i. e.] accord. to Kh, one does not apply to a man the epithet sayofaAnN. (O.) An owner, or a possessor, of a sayof [or sword]; (S, M, O, K;) as also ↓ musiyfN: (M:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of the former say~aAfapN: (S, M, O, K:) or this last signifies a people, or party, whose HuSuwn [or fortresses] are their suyuwf [or sword; i. e. whose only means of defence are their swords]. (Lth, O, K. *) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) A man who is a frequent shedder of blood; or who sheds much blood. (TA.) [An executioner who slays with the sword.] ― -b3- And A maker of suyuwf [or swords]. (TA.) [And A seller of swords.] Striking, or smiting, with the sayof [or sword]. (S.) ― -b2- And A man having a sayof [or sword]: (S, O, K:) or having with him a sayof. (Msb.) [More, and most, skilled in the use of the sword]: see 3. One having upon him a sayof [or sword]; (S, O, K;) having hung upon himself a sayof: (Ks:) and (K) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, a courageous man having with him a sayof. (O, K.) ― -b2- See also say~aAfN. -A2- And see art. swf. , or masiyfapN: see sayofN. , applied to a [garment of the kind called] burod, Having upon it what resemble the forms of suyuwf [or swords]: (M, TA:) and, so applied, having broad stripes, like the sayof [or sword]. (TA.) ― -b2- And applied to a dirhem, of which the sides are plain, or clear of any impress or the like. (IAar, O, K.) A wind (riyHN) that cuts like the sayof [or sword]. (M.) -A2- See also art. swf. syl , (S, M, Msb, K,) said of water, (S, Msb, TA,) or of a thing, (M,) aor. yasiylu, (Msb, K,) inf. n. sayolN and sayalaAnN (S, M, Msb, K, TA) and masiylN and masaAlN, (TA,) It flowed, or ran: (M, K, TA:) or, said of water, it rose so as to become excessively copious, and flowed, or ran: and sAl said of thing, it was, or became, fluid, or liquid; contr. of jamada. (Msb.) ― -b2- The Arabs say, saAla bihimu Als~ayolu wajaA$a binaA AlbaHoru [The torrent flowed with them, and the sea estuated with us so as to be unnavigable;] meaning, (assumed tropical:) they fell into a hard case, and we fell into one that was harder than it: (M, Meyd:) a proverb. (Meyd.) ― -b3- And saAlato Ealayohi Alxayolu (tropical:) [The horsemen poured upon him]. (TA. [See also 6.]) ― -b4- And sAlt Algur~apu (assumed tropical:) [The blaze upon the face of a horse] extended, or spread, long and wide: (S:) [or, simply, extended down the face; as appears from an explanation of the word $imoraAxN in the S and K &c.: see also saAy^ilapN, below. And in like manner sAl is often said of flowing, or defluent, hair.] -A2- siyla &c. for suy^ila, pass, of saA^ala: see this last word, in art. sA^l. see 4. : see 3 in art. sA^l. , (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. A_isaAlapN, (Msb,) He made it to flow, or run; (S, * M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ sy~lhu, (S, TA,) inf. n. tasoyiylN. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiv. 11], waA^asalonaA lahu Hiyna AlqiTori (M, TA) i. e. And we made [the source of copper, or of brass,] to flow, or run, for him. (TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) He made it long, (M, K,) and complete; (M;) namely, the point of the iron head or blade an arrow or of a spear &c. (M, K.) (tropical:) [The troops of horse] poured [together] from every quarter. (S, TA. [See also 1.]) -A2- hmaA yatasaAyalaAni: see 6 in art. sA^l. A torrent, or flow of water; (MA;) [i. e.] much water, (M, K,) or a collection of rainwater, (Msb,) flowing, or running, (M, Msb, K,) in a valley, or water-course, or torrent-bed: (Msb:) or water that comes to one [from rain, in any case, or] from rain that has not fallen upon one: (TA:) originally an inf. n.: (Msb, TA:) pl. suyuwlN: (S, M, Msb, K:) ↓ saAy^ilapN, also, signifies the same as sayolN; and its pl. is sawaAy^ilu [expl. in the M as meaning flowing, or running, waters]. (TA.) ― -b2- And they said also, maA='N sayolN, meaning ↓ saAy^ilN [i. e. Flowing, or running, water]; (M, K;) putting the inf. n. in the place of the epithet. (M.) wajadotu baqolFA wabuqayolFA wamaA='F EalalFA sayolFA, meaning I found herbs full-grown and large and tall, and herbs not full-grown and therefore small, [and water among trees, flowing, or running,] is a saying of one sent to seek for herbage and water; mentioned by Th. (M.) A mode, or manner, of flowing or running of water. (K.) The sinox [or tongue] of [meaning that enters into] the hilt, or handle, of a sword (M, K) and of a knife (M) and the like; (M, K;) the part, (S, TA,) in the A the tail, (TA,) that enters into the hilt, or handle, of a sword and of a knife: heard by A'Obeyd, though not from a learned man: (S, TA:) but AA cites the following ex. from Ez-Zibrikán Ibn-Bedr: walano A^uSaAliHakumo maA daAmo liY farasN waA@$otad~a qaboDFA EalaY Als~iylaAni A_ibohaAmiY [And I will not make peace with you while I have a horse and my thumb grasps firmly upon the tongue of the sword]. (El-Jawáleekee, IB, TA.) (assumed tropical:) sayaAlN pl. of sayaAlapN, (K,) [or rather the former is a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un., applied in the present day to A species of mimosa, or acacia, mentioned by Forskal in his Flora Aegypt. Arab., pp. lvi. and cxxiv., and by Delile in his Floræ Aegypt. Illustr. (in the Descr. de l'Égypte), no. 965: and to a species of thistle; carduus lacteus; or wild artichoke:] a species of trees having thorns, of the kind called EiDaAh: (S:) certain trees having white thorns: (M:) or the [thorny plant called] $abah: (AA, M:) a certain plant; (K;) said to have white thorns, from which, when these are plucked, there issues what resembles milk: (AA, M, K: *) certain trees having lank branches and white thorns of which the bases resemble the middle pairs of the teeth of virgins: (TA:) or, (K,) accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, (AHn, M,) tall samur [or gum-acacia-trees]: (AHn, M, K:) accord. to the A, the trees called xilaAf [now applied to the salix Aegyptia of Linn.] in the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) [Flowing, or running, much]. One says, nazalonaA biwaAd K nabotuhu may~aAlN wamaAw^uhu say~aAlN [We alighted in a valley the herbage whereof was inclining much, by reason of its luxuriant growth, and the water whereof was flowing, or running, much, by reason of its copiousness]. (TA.) ― -b2- [And Distilling much: see ranodN.] -A2- Also A certain mode of calculation. (O, K, TA. [In the CK, AlHiytaAno is erroneously put for AlHisaAbi.]) : see saAy^ilapN. ― -b2- Also A bending in a sea or great river. (TA.) : see sayolN. ― -b2- Also Fluid, or liquid. (Msb.) ― -b3- saAy^ilu AlA^aToraAfi, in a description of the Prophet, means (assumed tropical:) Extended in the fingers: or, as some relate it, saAy^in, with n, which has the same meaning. (O.) And gur~apN saAy^ilapN means (assumed tropical:) [A blaze upon the face of a horse] extending, or spreading, long and wide: (S:) or [extending so as to be] equable, or uniform, upon the bone of the nose: or that has extended upon the extremity of the nose so as to make it white: (M, K:) or that has spread widely upon the forehead and the bone of the nose: (TA:) if narrow, it is termed $imoraAxN. (S, TA.) [as a subst. formed from the epithet saAy^ilN by the affix p]; pl. sawaAy^ilu: see sayolN. ― -b2- [Hence the saying,] raA^ayotu saAy^ilapF mina Aln~aAsi (assumed tropical:) I saw a company of men that had poured from some quarter; and so ↓ say~aAlapF. (TA.) ― -b3- The pl. sawaAy^ilu also signifies Valleys [app. flowing with water, or because they flow with water]. (T in art. *nb.) : see masiylN. [app. meaning (tropical:) Having expanded cheeks, not elevated in the balls thereof, like saholu Alxad~ayoni,] is a tropical phrase. (TA.) ― -b2- musaAlaA Alr~ajuli (assumed tropical:) The two sides of the beard of the man: (O, and so in one of my copies of the S:) or, of his jaws: (so in the TA and in my other copy of the S; i. e. laHoyayohi instead of liHoyatihi:) sing. musaAlN: and pl. musaAlaAtN. (S, O.) And also (assumed tropical:) The two sides of the man [himself]; syn. EiTofaAhu. (S, O.) A place [or channel] in which a torrent flows: (Msb:) or masiylu maA='K and maA='K ↓ masalu, (S, K,) the latter anomalous, so much so that a parallel to it is scarcely, or in no wise, known, (MF,) a water-course; i. e. a place [or channel] in which water flows, or runs: pl. [of pauc., of the former,] A^amosilapN, (S, K,) and [of mult.] masaAyilu and musulN; and musolaAnN; (S, Msb, K, TA;) the second pl. regular, without ', (TA, [though written in the CK with ',]) and the rest irregular, (S, * TA,) the sing. being likened to rigiyfN, (S, Msb, TA,) which has for its pl. A^arogifapN and rugufN (S, TA) and rugofaAnN. (S, Msb, TA.) ― -b2- It is also an inf. n. (TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) ― -b3- Also Rain causing much flowing; opposed to mazoragN [q. v.]. (Ham p. 632.) [See also what follows.] Rain that causes the valleys and water-courses (tilaAE) to flow; opposed to murozigN [q. v.]. (S in art. rzg, and Ham p. 632.) [See also what next precedes.] Quasi sym and siymaY and siymaA='u and siymiyaA='u: see art. swm. : see saAy^imN [of which it is said to be pl.], in art. swm. and lA siyamaA and lA say~amaA: see art. swY. syn One of the letters of the alphabet: (S, M, L, K:) [i. e., the name of that letter: (see art. s:)] of the masc. gender as being supposed to be a Harof [or letter], and fem. as being supposed to be a kalimap [or word]. (L.) The saying fulaAnN laA yaHosinu sinahu means Such a one will not form well one of the three $uEab [i. e. teeth, or cusps,] of his s. (S, L.) Certain stones, (M, L, K,) so says Zj, (M, L,) well-known: (K:) whence the name of a certain mountain in Syria. (M, L.) A certain tree; (M, L, K;) mentioned by AHn on the authority of Akh: (M, L:) pl. siyniynN. (M, L, K.) syw The curved part of each of the two extremities of a bow: pl. siyaAtN: (S, K:) the p in the sing. is a substitute for w: AO says that Ru-beh used to pronounce it [siy^apN,] with '; and the rest of the Arabs, [siyapN,] without '. (S, TA.) [See also art. sA^w.] : see art. swY. , with the compound siy~amaA: see art. swY. ― -b2- [Hence, perhaps, because of its uniformity, and, if so, belonging to art. swY,] kalaA^N siY~N Much, or abundant, herbage: mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) : see art. swY. Of, or relating to, the siyap of a bow. (S.)