An Arabic-English Lexicon

An Arabic-English Lexicon <foreign lang="ar">خ</foreign> Edward William Lane The U.S. Department of Education The Max Planck Society Trustees of Tufts University Medford, MA Perseus Project

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You credit Perseus, as follows, whenever you use the document: Text provided by Perseus Digital Library, with funding from The U.S. Department of Education and The Max Planck Society. You leave this availability statement intact. You offer Perseus any modifications you make. Additional XML cleanup by Alpheios Technical Services, LLC. An Arabic-English Lexicon London Williams and Norgate 1863 English Arabic Transliterated Arabic Greek Latin x The seventh letter of the alphabet: called xaA='N [and xaA (respecting which latter see the letter b)]. It is one of the letters termed mahomuwsap [or non-vocal, i. e. pronounced with the breath only, without the voice]; and of those termed Haloqiy~ap [i. e. faucial, or guttural]: its place of utterance is the same as that of g [which differs from it in being vocal]. (L.) -A2- [As a numeral, it denotes Six hundred.] xA and xaA='N: see the letter x, and arts. xwA^ and xY. xAtwn : see art. xtn. xAnqAh and xaAnaqaAhiY~N: see art. xnq. xb , (A, L, K,) sec. pers. xabibota, like Ealimota, aor. yaxab~u, inf. n. xib~N; (S, L, K; *) or xab~a, [sec. pers. xababota,] aor. yaxub~u, like yaqotulu, inf. n. xab~N; (Msb; [in which xib~N is regarded as a simple subst.; but I doubt the correctness of this, and of the verb's being like qatala;]) He (a man) was, or became, deceitful, (Msb, K, TA,) wicked, dishonest, or dissimulating, (K, TA,) and a mischief-maker: (TA:) [or] he was, or became, a great deceiver, or very deceitful, (S, A, L, K, TA,) wicked and deceitful, and a mischief-maker. (S, * A, * L, TA.) [In the K and TA, neither the aor. nor the inf. n. of xab~a as signifying “ he was, or became, a great deceiver, or very deceitful, ” is specified; nor the sec. pers. of the pret., which indicates the form of the aor.] ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] xab~a signifies also He alighted and abode in a depressed tract of ground, in order that his place might be unknown, from a motive of niggardliness [to avoid claims upon his hospitality, thus deceiving passers by]. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And He denied, or refused, what he possessed. (K.) -A2- xab~a, (S, A, K,) aor. yuxub~u, with damm, (S, A,) deviating from a general rule, accord. to which an intrans. v. of this class [of the measure faEala] should be with kesr, (MF,) inf. n. xab~N (S, K) and xababN and xabiybN, (S, A, K,) He went the pace, or in the manner, denoted by xababN as explained below; said of a horse; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ Axtb~: (Th, K:) and in like manner said of a man. (TA.) You say, jaAw^uwA taxub~u bihimu Ald~awaAb~u [They came, the beasts going with them the pace, or in the manner, termed xababN]. (A.) And xab~a fiY AlA^amori, aor. , inf. n. xababN, He hastened to begin the affair. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xab~a, (aor. yaxub~u, TA, [inf. n. xab~N,]) said of the sea, (tropical:) It was, or became, agitated, or in a state of commotion; (T, S, A, K, TA;) the waves dashing together, and the winds whirling; (T, A, TA;) such being the case at a certain period, when the ships make for the shore, for safety, or cast anchor. (T, TA.) You say, A^aSaAbahumu Alxab~u (tropical:) Agitation, or commotion, of the sea, with a whirling of the winds, befell them: (T, A, TA:) or ASAbhm xab~N, i. e. xab~a bihimu AlbaHoru (tropical:) The sea became agitated, or in a state of commotion, with them. (S, TA.) ― -b3- Also, said of the dust, (tropical:) It rose high: (JK, TA:) and (tropical:) it ran along. (TA.) ― -b4- And said of a plant, or of herbage, (tropical:) It became tall. (JK, S, A, K.) , (JK, S, A, K,) inf. n. taxobiybN, (JK, TA,) He deceived another; (S, K;) namely, another's young man, or slave: (S:) or deceived much or greatly: (Har p. 591:) and he corrupted another; (JK, A, TA;) namely, another's male or female slave. (TA.) You say, xb~b Ealayohi Sadiyqahu, (Aboo-Bekr, TA,) and Eabodahu, and Haliylatahu, (A,) He corrupted, and rendered disaffected to him, (Aboo-Bekr, A,) his friend, (Aboo-Bekr,) and his male slave, and his wife. (A.) -A2- He bound his arm, or hand, with a xib~ap, i. e. a piece of rag like a fillet. (A, TA.) -A3- It (one's flesh) wasted so that there appeared streaks upon the skin. (TA.) -A4- See also R. Q. 1. : see muxaAb~N. [It seems that xAb~hu, if used, signifies He acted treacherously towards him, and took him unawares.] ― -b2- And [the inf. n.] muxaAb~apN signifies The being heavy, or sluggish, and holding back from a thing. (JK.) He made a horse to go the pace, or in the manner, denoted by xababN as explained below. (S, A, K.) : see 1. -A2- Axtb~ mino vawobih xub~apF, (S,) or, xib~apF, and Axtb~ vawobahu, (JK,) He took forth [or, app., tore] from his garment a piece of ray like a fillet. (S.) He (a man, TA) acted perfidiously, unfaithfully, faithlessly, or treacherously. (K.) -A2- He was, or became, lax, flaccid, or flabby, in the belly. (K.) [See also xaboxabapF, below; and see R. Q. 2.] -A3- xaboxaba Eani AlZ~ahiyrapi He stayed until the mid-day heat had become assuaged, and the air was cool: (K:) or the phrase is xaboxaba Eanohu mina AlZ~ahiyrapi. (TA.) [Hence, in a trad. relating to the postponement of the noon prayers,] xaboxibuwA Eanokumo mina AlZ~ahiyrapi, (S,) or fiY AlZ~ahiyrapi, (JK, [but the former is more probably the correct phrase,]) Stay ye until the mid-day heat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool: (JK, S:) it is originally ↓ xab~abuwA, and is altered therefrom for the purpose of distinction: (S in the present art.:) or originally baxobixuwA. (S in art. bx.) It was, or became, lax, flaccid, or flabby: said of a thing in a state of commotion, moving to and fro, quivering, or the like. (K.) [See also xaboxabapN, below; and see R. Q. 1.] ― -b2- He was, or became, empty [in the belly], after repletion. (JK.) And jaA='a yataxaboxabu He came hungry. (JK.) ― -b3- taxaboxaba laHomuhu, (JK,) or badanuhu, (K,) He became lean after having been fat, (JK, K, TA,) so that his shin became lax, flaccid, or flabby, (TA,) and a sound was heard to proceed from him [when he moved], (JK, TA,) by reason of his leanness. (TA.) ― -b4- taxaboxaba AlHar~u The heat became allayed, or assuaged, (K, TA,) somewhat, (TA,) in its vehemence. (K, TA.) (JK, S, A, L, Msb, K) [said in the Msb to be originally an inf. n.] and ↓ xib~N (S, L, K) [originally an inf. n. accord. to most authorities] and ↓ xub~N, (MF,) applied to a man, (S, A, L, Msb,) fem. xab~apN, [which casts doubt upon the assertion that xab~N is originally an inf. n., for were it so the masc. and fem. accord. to a general rule would be the same, as well as the sing. and pl.,] applied to a woman, (JK, A,) A great deceiver, or very deceitful; (JK, * S, A, L, Msb, * K;) wicked and deceitful; a mischief-maker; (S, * A, * L, K, * TA;) deceitful, guileful, artful, crafty, or cunning; syn. mak~aArN. (Ham p. 537, in explanation of the first and second.) -A2- Also the first of these words, A long, elevated tract (Habol, in some copies of the K erroneously written jbl, TA) of sand, cleaving to the ground. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And A plain, or soft, tract, between two rugged tracts, in which (i. e. in the former of which) are truffles. (AA, K.) : see xab~N. -A2- See also xib~apN. Hence vawobN A^axobaAbN: see, again, xib~apN. ― -b2- A^axobaAbu AlfaHivi The HawaAyaA [or winding guts, or intestines into which the food passes from the stomach]: (K:) thus used in the pl. form, as though pl. of xub~N. (TA.) -A3- Also The bark (liHaA=') of a tree. (JK, K.) -A4- And Low, or depressed, land: (JK, K:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axobaAbN and [of mult.] xubuwbN. (TA.) Deceit; (JK, Msb, K;) wickedness; dishonesty, or dissimulation; (K, TA;) mischiefmaking; as also ↓ xababN: (TA:) guile, art, craft, or cunning. (Ham p. 537.) -A2- See also xab~N. -A3- (tropical:) A rising, or state of agitation and commotion, of the sea; (JK, K, TA;) as also ↓ xibaAbN. (IAar, K.) : see xib~apN. : see xib~apN and xabiybapN. ― -b2- Also A place where water collects and remains or stagnates, (AA, K, TA,) and around which grow herbs, or leguminous plants: (TA:) a tract of land neither fruitful nor unfruitful, between two other tracts of land; pl. xubabN: (AHn:) a tract of land between that which abounds with herbage and that which is unproductive: (Ru-beh:) a narrow tract of soft land abounding with herbage, not rugged nor plain, but inclining to be plain; (ISh;) but ADk disapproves of this explanation: (TA:) or a tract producing herbage between two long and elevated tracts of sand; as also ↓ xabiybapN: (Ibn-Nujeym:) and, accord. to AA, also pasture, or herbage. (TA.) Also, or ↓ maxab~apN, (accord. to different copies of the K, or both, TA,) and ↓ xabiybapN, The bottom (baTon) of a valley. (K.) and ↓ xub~apN and ↓ xab~apN A narrow tract, or streak, of sand; [in one copy of the A, I find xib~apN and xabiybapN thus explained; but in another, ↓ maxab~apN is written in the place of the former of these two words;] or of clouds; (S, K;) as also ↓ xabiybapN: (As:) or, of sand, what resembles a faAliq [or depressed tract between two hills], except in its being wider and more spreading, and not having abrupt sides; so says AHn in explaining xb~p [thus in the TA] and ↓ xabiybapN: (TA:) or all three signify a piece of rag like a fillet; as also ↓ xabiybapN (S, K) and ↓ xub~N: (Lh:) or the last two (xbybp and xb~) signify a piece of rag from a garment, with which one binds his arm or hand. (JK, TA.) [Hence,) ↓ vawobN A^axobaAbN, (Lh, K,) [like A^ahobaAbN,] and vwb xibabN, (Lh, JK, K,) like hibabN, (JK,) and ↓ vwb xabaAy^ibu, like habaAy^ibu; (S;) [the latter word in the first of these phrases being pl. of xub~N; that in the second, pl. of xib~pN; and that in the third, pl. of xabiybapN;] A garment, or piece of cloth, rent in pieces, ragged, or tattered. (Lh, JK, S, K.) [See also xabiybapN, below.] It is also said that the xib~ap of a garment, or piece of cloth, is [A portion thereof] like the Tur~ap [q. v.]: and accord. to Sh, the xub~ap thereof is its Tur~ap. (TA.) And xb~p [so in the TA] signifies A piece of rag which a woman wears, covering her head with it: erroneously written by Lth Hn~p. (Az, TA.) ― -b2- Also, i. e. xib~apN and its two vars., and ↓ xabiybapN, of which the pl. is xabaAy^ibu, A streak of the flesh appearing in the skin, occasioned by the loss of flesh. (TA.) : see xib~N. -A2- Also A kind of run, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) with wide steps, but falling short of that termed EanaqN; (Mgh, Msb;) i. e. a quick pace: (TA:) or a certain pace which is not quick: (Har p. 157:) or i. q. ramalN [q. v.]: or a pace of a horse, (K,) and of a camel, (TA,) in which he remores both his right legs together and both his left legs together; i. e. an amble: (K, TA:) or in which a horse rests on his right and left fore legs alternately, (yuraAwiHu bayona yadayohi, S, K, TA,) and in like manner on his kind legs: (S, TA: [app., as thus explained in the S and TA, meaning the same as the explanation next before it:] and (accord. to some, TA) quickness. (K.) : see xib~N. A trench, or furrow, (xad~N,) in the ground. (K.) , and its pl. xabaAy^ibu: see xib~apN, in five places. It is also said to signify A fillet, or bandage. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) A long strip, or slice, of flesh, or flesh-meat; (JK, S, K;) and so ↓ xub~apN; (A, TA;) pl. of the former as above: (JK:) or any compact and long portion of flesh: any such portion is also termed xaSiylapN: either in the arm or elsewhere: (AO, TA:) or a [portion such as is termed] xSylp thereof, intermixed with [sinews, or tendons, such as are termed] Eaqab. (TA.) And xabaAy^ibu Almatonayoni The flesh of the two corresponding portions extending along the two sides of the backbone. (TA.) [Hence,] laHomuhu xabaAy^ibu His flesh is dissundered, or cut in pieces. (TA.) ― -b3- See also xub~apN, in two places. ― -b4- Also The wool of a vaniY~ [or sheep in its third year]; (S, L;) which is better than that termed Eaqiyqap, i. e. the wool of a ja*aE [or sheep in or before its second year], and cleaner, and more abundant: (ISk, S:) so accord. to most of the leading lexicologists; though said in the K to be a mistake of J, for janiybapN. (TA.) [by rule an inf. n. of R. Q. 1:] Laxness, flaccidity, or flabbiness; and a state of commotion, moving to and fro, quivering, or the like: (S:) or laxness, flaccidity, or flabbiness, of a thing in a state of commotion, moving to and fro, quivering, or the like; (TA;) as also ↓ xaboxaAbN. (JK, K, TA.) [See also R. Q. 2.] : see what next precedes. , (S, K, TA,) in one copy of the K xaAb~apN, [as in the CK,] but the former is the more correct, (TA,) Relationship; (S, K;) and affinity, syn. SihorN: (S:) pl. xawaAb~u. (S, K.) You say, liY mino fulaAnK xawaAb~u [I have ties of relationship, or affinity, to such a one]. (S.) : see xub~apN: -A2- and see also xib~apN. , as though from ↓ xaAb~a, One who acts treacherously towards another, and takes him unawares. (TA.) xbA^ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xabo'N, (S, Msb,) He hid, or concealed, it; (Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ xb~A^hu, [but app. in an intensive sense, or applying to a number of things,] (K,) inf. n. taxobiy^apN; (TA;) and ↓ AxtbA^hu. (K.) ― -b2- He kept it, preserved it, guarded it, or took care of it. and ↓ xb~A^hu he did so much; and well, or carefully. (Msb.) [He laid it up; stored it, or reposited it, in a place of safety.] see 1, in two places. [Hence, xb~A^ jaAriyapF He kept a girl carefully concealed from view: see the pass. part. n., below.] , (K,) inf. n. muxaAbaA^apN, (TK,) I proposed to him as an enigma, What is such a thing? syn. HaAjayotuhu. (K. [See also 8.]) It was, or became, hidden, or concealed: (Mgh:) he hid, or concealed, himself. (S.) -A2- It is also trans.: see 1. ― -b2- [Hence,] ↓ AxtbA^ lahu xabiyoy^FA He expressed a thing enigmatically to him, and then asked him respecting it. (IDrd, K. [See also 3.]) (S, Msb, K) and ↓ xibo'N (TA) and ↓ xuboA^apN, of the measure fuEolapN from AlxbA^ [or rather Alxabo'u], like gurofapN and quboDapN from Algarofu and AlqaboDu, (Har p. 426,) and ↓ xabiYo'N (S, K) and ↓ xabiyoy^apN, (K,) of which last the pl. is xabaAyaA, (TA,) A thing that is hidden, or concealed, (S, * Msb, K,) and absent, or unseen. (K.) [Hence,] xabo'u Als~amaA='i The rain. (Th, S, K.) And xabo'u AlA^aroDi The plants, or herbage. (S, K.) And AlA^aroDi ↓ xabaAyaA The seed which the sower has hidden in the earth: or what God has hidden in the mines of the earth. (TA, from a trad.) Al~a*iY yuxoriju Alxabo'a fiY Als~am`waAti waAlA^aroDi, in the Kur [xxvii. 25], is held by Az to mean Who knoweth what is unseen in the heavens and the earth; agreeably with an explanation of Alxabo'u by Fr. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. A daughter; syn. binotN. (K, TA. [In the CK, Aln~abotu is put for Albinotu.]) Hence the prov., xaboA^apN xayorN mino yafaEapi sawo'K [A daughter is better than a grown-up boy of evil deeds]. (TA.) [In Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 438, the first word in this prov. is written xubaA^ap, and followed by SidoqK.] Aboo-Zeyd Sa'eed Ibn-Ows El-Ansáree entitled one of his books ktAb xbA^p because he commenced it by mentioning xbA^p in the sense of bnt, quoting the foregoing prov. in confirmation thereof. (TA.) : see xabo'N. A woman who shows herself and then hides herself: (S, O, TA:) [like qubaEapN:] or a woman who keeps to her house, or tent. (K.) A well-known kind of structure; (K;) [i. e.] a kind of tent, (Mgh, TA,) made of wool, (Mgh, Msb,) or of camels' fur, or sometimes of [goats'] hair, sometimes upon two poles, or three; what is above this kind being termed bayotN: (Msb:) or a tent having one pole; that which has more than one pole being termed byt: (AZ, TA in art. rbE:) [or] also applied to a byt [or tent] of any kind: (Towsheeh, TA voce bayotN, q. v.:) pl. A^axobiy^apN, (TA,) or A^axobiyapN: (Msb:) it is from xabaA^ahu “ he hid it, ” or “ concealed it: ” (Mgh:) or it belongs to art. xbY: (K:) most of the lexicologists hold that its radical letters are xbY: some, that they are xbw: IDrd asserts that they are xbA^. (TA:) [See also art. xbY.] -A2- A mark made with a hot iron upon some secret part of an excellent she-camel: pl. A^axobiy^apN. (Lth, K.) : see xabo'N: and see also 8. , and its pl. xabaAyaA: see xabN'N, in two places. An artifice, or a stratagem, resulting in disappointment; i. q. xaAy^ibN; (AHei, K;) formed [from the latter] by transposition. (AHei.) , as sometimes pronounced, (Msb,) or xaAbiyapN, with the ' suppressed, (S, Msb, K,) because of frequent usage, (Msb,) i. q. Hub~N [q. v.]; (S, K;) i. e. A large jar: pl. xwAbY [i. e. xawaAbiy^u, or xawaAbK]: (TA:) from xabaA^ahu “ he hid it, ” or “ concealed it. ” (S, Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] binotu AlxaAbiyapi (assumed tropical:) Wine. (Har p. 365.) A place, or chamber, for hiding or concealing [anything]; a secret place or chamber: pl. maxaAbiy^u. (MA.) ; so in the [S and] O, and in some of the correct copies of the K; in other copies of the K muxobaA^apN; (TA;) [and thus in the CK;] A girl that is [kept in the house, or tent,] concealed from view; or that conceals herself; (S;) that is kept behind, or within, the curtain; (K, TA;) not going forth: or (TA) that is not yet married. (Lth, K, TA.) One who conceals himself in order that he may see without the knowledge of him who is seen. (Mgh.) xbv The mention of him, or it, was, or became, concealed: (L:) [app. meaning he, or it, was, or became, obscure; or of no reputation, or repute.] -A2- xabuva, accord. to Z, i. q. xabuva [q. v.]: occurring in a trad. (TA.) [See xabiytN.] He became in what is termed xabotN [q. v.]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And, (S, Msb, K, TA,) [hence, or] from xabotN, (Ksh and Bd in xi. 25, and TA,) or from xabata *ikoruhu, (L,) inf. n. A_ixobaAtN, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) He (a man, Msb, TA) was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive, (S, Msb, K, TA,) in heart, (Msb,) and obedient, (TA,) lil~`hi to God. (S, TA.) And in like manner, in the Kur [xi. 25], (TA,) waA^axobatuwA A_ilaY rab~ihimo means (tropical:) And who have become lowly, humble, or submissive, [and obedient,] to their Lord; or have lowered, humbled, or abased, themselves to their Lord; or have trusted to their Lord: (A, * TA:) for the Arabs put A_ilaY in the place of li. (TA.) A low, or depressed, tract of ground: (TA:) or a low, or depressed, (S,) or concealed and low, (TA,) tract of ground, in which is sand: (S, TA:) or a wide, or spacious, low tract of ground: (IAar, A, K:) or a plain, or soft, tract of ground in a [stony tract such as is termed] Har~ap: (TA:) and a wide bottom, or bed, or interior, of a valley: (A:) or a deep valley, easy to be walked or ridden through, extended [to a great length], and in which grow varieties of the EiDaAh: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axobaAtN (K) and [of mult.] xubuwtN: (A, K:) it is a genuine Arabic word. (TA.) (tropical:) In him is lowliness, humility, or submissiveness. (S, TA.) A thing that is contemptible, or despicable; (K, TA;) bad, corrupt, abominable, vile, base, or disapproved; [&c.;] (TA;) and [thus] i. q. xabiyvN. (As, K.) The Jew of Kheyber says, yanofaEu AlT~ay~ibu Alqaliylu mina Alr~izo qi walaA yanofaEu Alkaviyru Alxabiytu [The lawful, but small, supply of the means of subsistence is beneficial, but the large and unlawful is not beneficial]. (TA.) Kh asked As respecting Alxbyt in this verse; and the latter replied that the poet meant Alxabiyv; the former word being of the dial. of Kheyber: but Kh rejoined, “ If so, the poet would have said Alktyr: it behooves you only to say that the people of Kheyber change v into t in some words: ” AM thinks that Alxbyt in this verse is a mistranscription for Alxatiyt, which means the thing that is “ contemptible and bad, ” and is syn. with Alxasiys. (TA.) ― -b2- It is also applied to a man; meaning as above; or Bad, corrupt, vitious, or depraved. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) Still; motionless: as also muxobiTN. (TA in art. xmd.) xbv , (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xabaAvapN, (S,) or xubovN, the former being a simple subst., (Msb,) or both, (Mgh, K, [the latter word erroneously written in the CK xabov,]) and xabaAviyapN, (K,) said of a thing, (S, Mgh, Msb,) It was, or became, xabiyv [q. v., meaning bad, &c.]; contr. of TaAba. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) [Hence,] xabuvato raAy^iHatuhu (tropical:) [Its, or his, odour was, or became, bad, foul, or abominable]. (A.) And xabuva TaEomuhu (tropical:) [Its taste was, or became, bad, foul, abominable, or nauseous]. (A.) And xabuvato nafosuhu (tropical:) His soul [or stomach] became heavy; (TA;) it heaved, or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; syn. gavato: (A and TA in the present art., and S and K in art. gvY: [see also ma*irato nafosuhu, in art. m*r:]) a phrase forbidden by Mohammad to be used; as though he disliked the word xubovN. (TA.) One says of certain food, taxobuvu Eanohu Aln~afosu (tropical:) [The soul, or stomach, becomes heavy, or heaves, or becomes agitated by a tendency to vomit, in consequence of it]. (TA.) ― -b2- xabuva, (S, A, K,) inf. n. xubovN, (S, K,) said of a man, signifies [in like manner] He was, or became, xabiyv, (S, A, K,) meaning bad, corrupt, base, or abominable; wicked, deceitful, guileful, artful, crafty, or cunning. (S, K, TA. [See also 4.]) [Hence,] xabuva bihaA (tropical:) He committed adultery, or fornication, with her. (A, Mgh, Msb, K.) ― -b3- [It is also said of a venomous reptile and the like, meaning It was, or became, malignant, or noxious; impure, unclean, foul, or filthy.] , (TA,) or ↓ yuxobivu, Alnfs, (so in a copy of the A, [but the former I believe to be the right,]) This is of the things that cause the soul [or stomach] to become heavy, or to heave, or become agitated by a tendency to vomit. (TA.) He (a man) was, or became, characterized by xubov (Msb, TA) and $ar~ (Msb) [meaning badness, wickedness, deceit, &c.: see also xabuva]. ― -b2- He had bad, wicked, or deceitful, companions or friends, and a bad, wicked, or deceitful, family: (L:) or his companions, or friends, became bad, wicked, or deceitful: (S in art. fls:) or he took to himself bad, wicked, or deceitful, companions or friends (S, L, K) or connexions or assistants. (TA.) -A2- Axbvhu He taught him to be bad, wicked, or deceitful: and rendered him bad, corrupt, vitious, or depraved. (S.) ― -b2- See also 2. see what next follows. (A, TA) He made a show of being, or pretended to be, bad, wicked, or deceitful. (TA.) And you say also ↓ txb~v [either in the same sense, or as meaning He affected, or endeavoured, to be bad, wicked, or deceitful; or to do that which was xabiyv, or bad, &c.]. (A, TA.) [He deemed, or esteemed, xabiyv, i. e. bad, &c.]. kaAnati AlEarabu tasotaxobivu mivola AlHay~api waAlEaqorabi [The Arabs used to deem impure, unclean, foul, or filthy, such as the serpent and the scorpion]. (Msb.) ― -b2- (tropical:) He deemed bad, or corrupt, a word, or a dialectic variant. (A, TA.) an inf. n. of xabuva: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) [used as a simple subst., it means Any of the qualities denoted by the epithet xabiyvN, q. v., i. e. badness, &c.:] and ↓ xib~iyvaY signifies the same: (K:) or this is a subst. from A^axobva meaning “ he had a bad, wicked, or deceitful, family; ” (TA;) and signifies the state of having bad, wicked, or deceitful, companions or friends or connexions: (L:) ↓ xaAbivapN, also, is syn. with [xubovN, and so is] ↓ xabaAvapN, (K,) [for] this last is another inf. n. of xabuva, like xubovN, (S, Mgh, K,) or it is a simple subst. (Msb.) [Hence,] the first particularly signifies (tropical:) Adultery, or fornication. (K, TA.) See also xabiyvN, in three places. The dross of iron, (S, TA,) and of silver, when they are molten. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] layosa AlA_iboriyzu kaAlxabavi [lit. Pure gold is not like dross]; meaning (tropical:) the good is not like the bad. (A, TA.) ― -b2- Adulterating alloy in gold and iron &c. (Har p. 135.) ― -b3- A thing wherein is no good. (TA.) ― -b4- (tropical:) Excrement, or ordure: impurity, or filth. (Mgh in art. ql, and TA.) Hence the saying in a trad., A_i*aA balaga AlmaA='u qul~atayoni lamo yaHomilo xabavFA [explained in art. AHl]. (Mgh ubi suprà, and TA.) : see xabiyvN. : see xabyvN. -A2- xibovapN with respect to a slave signifies (assumed tropical:) Unlawful capture; capture from a people whom it is unlawful to make slaves, (Mgh, * K, TA,) by reason of a treaty, or league, made with them, (Mgh, TA,) or of some sacred, or inviolable, right, originally belonging to them. (TA.) You say of a slave, laA xibovapa fiyhi mino A_ibaAqK walaA sariqapK (tropical:) [There is no unlawful capture in his case, from having run away, nor from having been stolen]. (A.) ― -b2- fulaAnN lixibovap is like the saying lizinoyapK (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is the offspring of adultery, or fornication]. (S.) And wulida fulaAnN lixibovapK means (tropical:) Such a one was born spuriously. (A, * L.) : see the next paragraph, in two places. contr. of Tay~ibN; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) applied to objects of the senses and to those of the intellect; (Kull p. 177;) to sustenance, or victuals, and to offspring, and men, and to other things: (TA:) Bad; corrupt: (Msb, TA:) disapproved, hated, or abominable; (Msb, TA;) this accord. to IAar, being its primary signification: (TA:) or so in respect of taste, and of odour: (Mgh:) [nasty, nauseous, loathsome, or disgusting:] impure, unclean, foul, or filthy: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) unlawful; (Mgh, Msb;) applied in this sense to certain food: and, applied to certain beverage, injurious: (TA:) applied to medicine such as is forbidden in a certain trad., it means either impure and unlawful, such as wine &c., or nauseous to the taste: (IAth, TA:) you say that a thing is xabiyv in taste, [and in odour,] and in colour: and you apply this epithet to adultery, or fornication; and to property unlawfully acquired; and to blood, and to the like things which God has forbidden: (TA:) also to such things as garlic and onions (Msb, TA) and leeks, (TA,) which are disagreeable in taste and odour: (TA:) and to such things as the serpent and the scorpion: (Msb:) applied to language, it means (assumed tropical:) opprobrious, or of a reviling nature; (TA;) and (tropical:) bad or corrupt [in respect of authority; or of a bad dialect]: (A, TA:) applied to religion, (assumed tropical:) infidel, or of the nature of infidelity: (TA:) applied to a man, bad, corrupt, base, or abominable; wicked, deceitful, guileful, artful, crafty, or cunning; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ xaAbivN: (K:) and an adulterer, or a fornicator: (Msb:) and a blamer, or censurer: or a slanderer, or calumniator: (Har p. 611:) [and, applied to a venomous reptile and the like, malignant, or noxious; as well as impure, unclean, foul, or filthy:] the fem. is xabiyvapN: (Msb:) the pl. masc. is xibaAvN (A, TA) and xubuvN, for which it is allowable to say ↓ xubovN, accord. to the dial. of Temeem, (Msb,) and xubavaA='u, (S, A, Msb, TA,) like $urafaA='u [pl. of $ariyfN], (Msb,) and A^axobaAvN, like A^a$araAfN [another pl. of $ariyfN], (Msb, MF, TA,) and xabavapN, (Kr, Msb, MF, TA,) like DaEafapN pl. of DaEiyfN, (Msb, MF, TA,) two instances of which the like can scarcely be found, (Msb,) or is not found among sound words, for saraApN pl. of sariY~N is an unsound word, (MF, TA,) and xubuwvN, (AZ, TA,) which is also extr., (TA,) [and xabaAvaY, (like as HazaAnaY is a pl. of HaziynN,) applied in the A, in art. xnv, to xanaAvaY, pl. of xunovaY,] and xabiyvuwna [applied only to rational beings]: (Mgh:) and the pl. fem., i. e. of xabiyvapN, is xabaAy^ivu (Msb, TA) and xabiyvaAtN. (Mgh.) Al$~ajarapu Alxabiyvapu, mentioned in the Kur [xiv. 31], (TA,) means The colocynth: or the ka$uwv, (K; TA,) which is a certain plant that clings to the branches of trees and has no root in the earth; (S and K in art. k$v;) [a species of cuscuta, or dodder;] or yellow Euruwq that cling to trees: (TA in the present art.:) also occurring in a trad., as meaning the garlic-plant; and the onion; and the leek; because of their disagreeable taste and odour. (IAth, TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting the slain at Bedr, ↓ A^uloquwA fiY qaliybK xabiyvK muxobivK They were cast into a well corrupt, and corrupting what fell into it. (TA.) ↓ xabiyvN muxobivN, (S, L,) or xabiyvN and ↓ muxobivN, (K,) and ↓ xaAbivN (TA) and ↓ maxobavaAnN, (S, L, K,) applied to a man, signify One who takes to himself bad, wicked, or deceitful, companions or friends (S, L, K, TA) or connexions or assistants: (TA:) or ↓ maxobavaAnu, as a determinate noun, [without the article Al] is only used in calling to, or addressing, a person: (K:) you say, yaA maxobavaAnu; (S;) fem. ↓ maxobavaAnapu: and to a man and woman together, yA maxobavaAnu: (L, TA:) and in the phrase ↓ xabiyvN muxobivN, the former word signifies bad, wicked, or deceitful, in himself; and the latter, having bad, wicked, or deceitful, companions or friends and assistants. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) One says also, ↓ yaAxubavu, meaning yA xabiyvu [O bad or wicked or deceitful man!]; and to a woman, ↓ yaAxabaAvi, (S, K,) indecl., with kesr for its termination, (S,) and yA xabiyvapu. (K [accord. to SM: so in all the copies in his hands; but not found by him in any other lexicon: not in the CK, nor in my MS. copy of the K.]) ↓ xabaAvi also occurs, in a saying of El-Hasan, addressed to the present world, Ald~unoyaA. (L.) And ↓ yaA xibovapu was said by El-Hajjáj to Anas, as meaning yA xabiyvu: and is also used as meaning O [thou of] bad, wicked, or deceitful, qualities or dispositions! [app. addressed to a woman, as the context seems to show; and agreeably with an assertion in Ham p. 810, that xibovpN is sometimes used in speaking of an old woman]. (L, TA.) xabiyvu Aln~afosi means (tropical:) Having the soul [or stomach] heavy, [or heaving, or agitated by a tendency to vomit,] and in a disagreeable state. (TA.) And ↓ maxobavaAnN applied to a lie occurs in a trad, as meaning xabiyvN app. in an intensive sense [i. e. Very abominable]. (TA.) In the saying, A^aEuwdu biA@ll~`hi, (Mgh,) or Aall~`hum~a A_in~iY A^aEuwdu bika, (Msb, * K, * TA,) mina Alxubuvi waAlxbaAy^ivi, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or waAlxabaAy^ivi ↓ mina Alxubovi, (Msb, K, TA,) a form of words which Mohammad directed his followers to pronounce on entering a privy, or place of retirement for the relief of nature, because devils are in such a place, (Mgh, TA,) Alxubuv is pl. of Alxabiyv, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) and so is Alxubov accord. to the dial. of Temeem, (Msb, TA,) and AlxabaAy^iv is pl. of Alxabiyvap; (Mgh, TA;;) and the meaning is, I seek protection by God, or O God, I seek protection by Thee, from the male devils and the female devils, (IAth, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) of the genii and of mankind: (Mgh:) or, reading ↓ Alxubov, [as a subst,] from infidelity and the devils: (Aboo-Bekr, TA:) or, [so reading, and regarding AlxbAy^v as pl. of ↓ Alxabiyvapu used as a subst.,] from infidelity and acts of disobedience: (Msb, TA:) or, from wicked, or unrighteous, conduct, such as adultery and the like, and culpable actions and evil qualities or dispositions: El-Khattábee asserts that the reading Alxubov, with the b quiescent, is a mistake of the relaters of traditions; but En-Nawawee rejects this assertion. (TA.) : see xubovN. fem. of the epithet xabiyvN. (Msb.) ― -b2- Also, [used as a subst.,] A bad, wicked, or deceitful, quality or disposition; and a culpable action: pl. xabaAy^ivu. (L, TA.) [Hence,] A^um~u AlxabaAy^ivi (assumed tropical:) [The mother of bad qualities &c.; meaning] wine. (T in art. Am.) See also xabiyvN, last sentence. ― -b3- AlxabaAy^ivu also signifies Those things which the Arabs deemed foul, or filthy, or unclean, and which they did not eat; such as vipers, and scorpions, and the brS [i. e. either baroS or buroS], and the waral, and beetles, and the rat, or mouse. (L.) , applied to a man, (TA,) signifies kaviyru Alxubovi [i. e. Very bad or wicked or deceitful; or much addicted to adultery or fornication]: pl. xib~iyvuwna. (K.) : see xubovN. : see xabiyvN, in two places. : see xubovN. [compar. and superl. of xabiyvN]: pl. A^axaAbivu. (TA.) You say, humo A^axaAbivu Aln~aAsi [They are the worst, or the most wicked or deceitful, of men]. (TA.) And huwa mina AlA^axaAbivi [He is of the worst, &c., of men]. (A, TA.) And hiYa A^axobavu Al~ugatayoni (tropical:) It is the worse, or more corrupt, [in respect of authority,] of the two words, or dialectic variants. (A, TA.) ― -b2- AlA^axobavaAni Urine and dung (S, A, Msb, K) of a human being: (S, Msb, K:) or vomit and human ordure or thin human ordure: (Fr, TA:) or fetor of the mouth, and sleeplessness: or sleeplessness, and disquietude of mind by reason of grief. (K.) It is said in a trad., laA yuSal~iY Alr~ajulu wuhuwa yudaAfiEu AlA^axobavayoni [The man shall not pray while he is striving to suppress the urine and ordure]. (TA.) , (K, * TA,) in which the last word, also pronounced tuxub~ava, is imperfectly decl., (TA,) is similar to wqE fY wAdY tuxuy~iba [and means He fell into a state of things that was bad, corrupt, disapproved, &c.]. (K, TA.) One who teaches others to be bad, wicked, or deceitful: and some allow it to be applied to one who attributes, or imputes, to others what is bad, wicked, or the like. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xabiyvN, in four places. A cause of evil or corruption: (S, K:) pl. maxaAbivu. (TA.) So in the saying of 'Antarah, nub~iy^otu EamorFA gayora $aAkiri niEomatiY waAlkuforu maxobavapN linafosi AlmunoEimi [I have been told that 'Amr is not thankful for my beneficence: and ingratitude is a cause of evil to the soul of the benefactor]. (S.) One says also, fiyhi maxaAbivu jam~apN [In him, or it, are many causes of evil or corruption]. (A.) And TaEaAmN maxobavapN (tropical:) Food that is a cause of heaviness to the soul [or stomach]; or of heaving, or becoming agitated by a tendency to vomit: or that is unlawful. (TA.) and maxobavaAnu and maxobavaAnapu: see xabiyvN, in four places. xbr , aor. , (K,) inf. n. xubuwrN; (TA;) and ↓ Axtbr, and ↓ txb~r; (K;) He knew; or had, or possessed, knowledge; bi$aYo'K [of a thing; generally meaning, with respect to its internal, or real, state]. (K, TA.) -A2- xabarahu, (S, A, Msb,) aor. , (Msb, MS,) inf. n. xaborN; (Msb, MS; *) and xabirahu, [aor. ,] (A,) inf. n. xabarN; (TA;) and ↓ Axtbirhu, and ↓ txb~rhu; (TA;) He knew it; syn. Ealimahu; (S, A, Msb;) [generally meaning, with respect to its internal, or real, state; like xabura bihi: see xuborN, its simple subst., as distinguished from its inf. n.] You say, mino A^ayona xabarota ha*aA AlA^amora, (so in a copy of the S,) or xabirota, (so in another copy of the S, and so in the A, where it is expressly said to be with kesr,) Whence knewest thou this thing? (S, A. *) ― -b2- And xabarahu, (S, K,) aor. , (S,) inf. n. xuborN and xiborapN, (S, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ Axtbrhu [which is the more common in this sense]; (S, Msb, K;) He tried, made trial of, made experiment of, tested, proved, assayed, proved by trial or experiment or experience him, or it. (S, Msb, K.) Hence the phrase, (S,) laA^axoburan~a xabaraka, (S, K,) in some good lexicons xuboraka, (TA, [and so in the CK, but this I think to be a mistake, suggested by the explanation, which is not literal,]) i. q. laA^aEolaman~a Eilomaka [which properly signifies I will assuredly know thy knowledge, or what thou knowest, but here means, as is shown by the manner in which the phrase that it explains is mentioned in the S, I will assuredly try, prove, or test, thy state, and so know what thou knowest]. (S, K.) [Hence, also,] the saying of Abu-dDardà, wajadotu Aln~aAsa Auxoburo taqolihimo, (S,) or taqolihi, (A, K,) I found the people to be persons of whom it is said thus: [Try, prove, or test, them, or him, and thou wilt hate them, or him:] i. e. there is not one [of them] but his conduct is hated when it is tried, or proved, or tested: (K:) or when thou triest, provest, or testest, them, thou wilt hate them: the imperative form being used, but the meaning being that of an enunciative: (S, A, L, B:) [wajadotu is a verb of the kind called A^afoEaAlu Alquluwbi, which govern two objective complements; therefore Auxoburo taqolihimo and Auxoburo taqolihi are for maqoliy~iyna Einoda Alxiborapi and maqoliy~FA End Alxbrp.] -A3- xabara AlA^aroDa, [and, as appears from a passage in the L, ↓ xb~rhA, (see xaborN,)] He furrowed, or ploughed, the land for sowing. (Msb.) -A4- xabara AlT~aEaAma, (K,) aor. , inf. n. xaborN, (TA,) He made the food greasy; or put grease to it. (K, TA.) -A5- xabira It (a place) was, or became, what is termed xaboraA=': (S:) or abounded with sidor [or lote-trees]. (TA.) ― -b2- And xabirati AlA^aroDu, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xabarN, (TA,) The land, or ground, abounded with xabaAr [app. meaning soft soil: see 3]. (K.) -A6- xbrt, [probably xaburato, like gazurato &c.,] inf. n. xubuwrN, (tropical:) She (a camel) abounded with milk. (Lh, TA. [See xaborN.]) see 4, in two places: -A2- and see 1. xAbrhu, (TA,) inf. n. maxaAbarapN, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) [He made a contract, or bargain, with him to till and sow and cultivate land for a share of its produce:] the inf. n. signifies i. q. muzaAraEapN [i. e. the making a contract, or bargain, with another to cultivate land for a share of its produce], (AO, Lh, S, A, IAth, Mgh, Msb,) for somewhat of its produce, (S, Msb,) or for a third or a quarter, (AO, Mgh,) or for a determined share, such as a third or a quarter or some other portion, (IAth,) or for half or the like: (so in some copies of the K and in the TA:) or the tilling the ground for half or the like: (so in other copies of the K:) and i. q. muw^aAkarapN: (K:) and ↓ xiborN is syn. with muxaAbarapN: (S, K:) it is a forbidden practice: (A, Mgh, TA:) it is from xabiyrN signifying “ a tiller, or cultivator, of land: ” (S, Mgh:) or from xabara “ he furrowed, or ploughed (land) for sowing; ” whence xabiyrN also: (Msb:) or from xabirati AlA^aroDu “ the land abounded with xabaAr: ” or from [the fortress of] xayobar, because the Prophet made it to remain in the possession of its inhabitants for half of its revenue; and therefore it was said, xaAbarahumo. (TA.) , [inf. n. A_ixobaArN;] (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ xb~rhu, (S, A, K,) inf. n. taxobiyrN; (K;) are syn. [as signifying He informed him, told him, or acquainted him]. (S, A, K.) You say, A^axobarotuhu bika*aA, (S, Msb,) [and Eano k*A,] and ↓ xab~arotuhu, (S,) [I informed him, or told him, of such a thing; or acquainted him with such a thing; or made him to know the internal, or real, state of such a thing.] And ↓ Axbrhu xubuwrapF, i. e. A^anobaA^ahu maA Einodahu [He informed him, or told him, of what he had, or knew]. (K. [Whether it be meant that Axbr is doubly trans. without a particle, in this instance, like A^aEolama, or whether xbwrp be a quasi-inf. n, is not explained.]) One says also, tuxobiru Eano majohuwlihi maroA=tuhu (tropical:) [His aspect acquaints one with his unknown state or qualities]. (A.) [And Axbr Eanohu He predicated of him, or it.] -A2- A^axobarotu All~iqoHap (tropical:) I found the milch camel to be abounding with milk. (K. [See 1, last sentence.]) see 1, in two places: ― -b2- and see 10, in four places. -A2- txb~rwA, (K,) or txb~rwA xuborapF, (S,) They bought a sheep or goat, (S, K,) for different sums, (TA,) and slaughtered it, (S, K,) and divided its flesh among themselves, (S, TA,) each of them receiving a share proportioned to the sum that he had paid. (TA.) see 1, in three places. -A2- maA A@xotabarota liA^aholika What xuborap, or flesh-meat, hast thou bought for thy family? (TA.) (A, K) and ↓ txb~rhu (K) He asked, or sought, or desired, of him information, or news, or tidings: (A, * K:) or he asked him respecting news, or tidings, and desired that he should inform him thereof. (TA.) And Astxbr and ↓ txb~r, (S,) or Astxbr Alxabara and ↓ txb~rhu, (TA,) He asked, or inquired, after the news, or tidings, (S, TA,) that he might know the same: (TA:) and ↓ txb~r AlA^axobaAra He searched after the news, or tidings, diligently, or time after time. (A, TA.) : see xuborN. -A2- Also Trees of the kind called sidor [or lote-trees], (Lth, K,) and A^araAk, with abundant herbage around them; (Lth;) as also ↓ xabirN: (Lth, K:) [both coll. gen. ns.:] ns. un. xaborapN and xabirapN. (TA.) ― -b2- Seed-produce. (K.) ― -b3- A place where water rests, or stagnates, in a mountain: (K:) a place where water has fallen, such as the water-course has furrowed (xab~ara [perhaps a mistranscription for xabara]) in the summits (ruw^uws) [of mountains], and through which one wades. (L.) -A3- A large [leathern water-bag of the kind called] mazaAdap [q. v.]; (S, K;) as also ↓ xaboraA='u (Kr, K) and ↓ xiborN: (K:) but this last is disallowed, in the sense above-explained, by AHeyth; and others say that the first word is better: (TA:) pl. of the first xubuwrN. (S, K.) ― -b2- Hence, by way of comparison thereto, (S,) (tropical:) A she-camel abounding with milk; (S, K;) as also ↓ xiborN, (K,) and ↓ maxobuwrapN [naAqapN]. (TA.) (S, A, K) and ↓ xiborN (K) and ↓ xaborN, an inf. n., (Msb,) and ↓ xabarN, also an inf. n., (TA,) and ↓ xuborapN and ↓ xiborapN and ↓ maxobarapN, (K,) Knowledge, syn. EilomN, (S, A, Msb, K,) bi$aYo'K [of a thing]: (A, K:) or, accord. to some, xubozN signifies knowledge of the secret internal state: and ↓ xibozapN and ↓ xubozapN signify knowledge of the external and internal state; or, as some say, of secret internal circumstances or properties; but this necessarily involves acquaintance with external things. (TA.) You say, liY bihi xuborN and ↓ xiborapN [&c.] I have knowledge of it. (TA.) And maA liY bihi xuborN [&c.] I have not knowledge of it. (A.) ― -b2- See also xiborapN. -A2- And see xabiyrN: -A3- and xuborapN. : see xuborN: -A2- and see also 3: -A3- and see xaborN, in two places. [originally] an inf. n. of xabirahu: see xuborN. (TA.) ― -b2- Also Information; a piece of information; a notification; intelligence; an announcement; news; tidings; a piece of news; an account; a narration, or narrative; a story; syn. nabaA^N; (T, K;) that comes to one from a person of whom he asks it: (TA:) or xabarN and nabaA^N are not synonymous; for, accord. to Er-Rághib and others, the latter relates to a thing of great importance: and accord. to the leading authorities in lexicology and the science of conventional language, the former signifies properly, and in its common acceptation, what is related from another or others: to which authors on the Arabic language add, that it may be true or false: (MF:) or what is related from another or others, and talked of: (Msb:) pl. A^axobaArN, (S, Msb, K,) and pl. pl. A^axaAbiyru. (K.) ― -b3- By the relaters of traditions, it is used as syn. with HadiyvN [signifying A tradition; or narrative relating, or describing, a saying or an action &c. of Mohammad]: (TA:) or this latter term is applied to what comes from the Prophet; and xabarN, to what comes from another than the Prophet; or from him or another; and A^avarN, to what comes from a Companion of the Prophet; but it may also be applied to a saying of the Prophet. (Kull p. 152.) ― -b4- [In grammar, as correlative of mubotadaA^N, An enunciative: and as correlative of AisomN, the predicate of the non-attributive verb kaAna and the like, and of kaAda &c.] ― -b5- Also A man's state, or case; AlA^amoru Al~a*iY huwa Ealyohi. (Har p. 20.) : see xabiyrN, in two places. -A2- See also xaborN. ― -b2- xabirapN, or A^aroDN xabirapN; and mawoDiEN xabirN, and xabirN alone: see xuborN. : see xuborN, in two places. -A2- Also A portion, or share, (A'Obeyd, S, A, Mgh, K,) which one takes, of flesh-meat or fish. (A'Obeyd, S, K.) ― -b2- A sheep, or goat, which is bought by a number of persons, (S, K,) for different sums, (TA,) and slaughtered, (S, K,) and of which the flesh is then divided by them among themselves, (S,) each of them receiving a share proportioned to the sum that he has paid; (TA; [see 5;]) as also ↓ xabiyrapN: (K:) and ↓ $aApN xabiyrapN a sheep, or goat, divided among several persons; thought by ISd to be formed by rejection of the augmentative letter [in its verb txb~r]. (TA.) ― -b3- What one buys for his family; as also ↓ xuborN: (K:) accord. to some, (TA,) flesh-meat (K, TA) which one buys for his family. (TA.) ― -b4- Food, (K, TA,) consisting of flesh-meat and other kinds. (TA.) ― -b5- A thing brought forward or offered [for entertainment]. (Lh, K.) So in the saying, AijotamaEuwA EalaY xuboratihi [They congregated over what he had brought forward, or offered, for their entertainment]. (Lh.) ― -b6- A mess of crumbled, or broken, bread, moistened with broth, large, (K, TA,) and greasy. (TA.) ― -b7- A bowl in which are bread and flesh-meat for four or five [persons]. (K.) ― -b8- Food which the traveller carries in his journey, (K,) and provides for himself. (TA.) ― -b9- Seasoning, condiment, or savoury food; as also ↓ xabiyrN: whence the saying, A^ataAnaA bixubozapK walamo yaA^otinaA bixuborapK [He brought us a cake of bread, but he brought us not any seasoning]. (TA.) ― -b10- Hence, by the Karaj, whose land is adjacent to 'Irák el-'Ajam, applied to A date; and by some of them pronounced xubolapN. (TA.) Trial, proof, or test; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ xuborN, (S, K,) as in the saying, Sad~aqa Alxabara Alxuboru [The trial, proof, or test, verified the information]. (S.) ― -b2- See also xuborN, in three places. , (Lth, S, K,) and A^aroDN xaboraA='u, (S,) and ↓ xabirapN, (Lth, K, [in the CK xaborap,]) or A^aroDN xabirapN, (S,) A plain, or level, tract of land, that produces sidor [or lote-trees]: (S, K:) or a tract abounding with trees, in the lower part of a meadow, in which water remains until the hot season, and in which grow trees of the kinds called sidor and A^araAk, with abundant herbage around them: (Lth:) the pl. of xaboraA='u is xabaAraY and xabaArK and xaboraAwaAtN (S, K) and xibaArN; (K;) and the pl. of xabirapN is ↓ xabirN; (TA;) [or this is neither a pl. nor a quasi-pl. n.: it may be a coll. gen. n.: but it is probably only an epithet, of which xabirapN is the fem.; for] one says also ↓ mawoDiEN xabirN, (S, TA,) meaning a place abounding with sidor. (TA.) ― -b2- xaboraA='u also signifies A place where water collects and stagnates: (TA:) or where water collects and stagnates at the roots of trees of the kind called sidor: (K, TA:) or a round low tract of level ground in which water collects. (T.) ― -b3- See also xabaArN. -A2- And see xaborN. Soft land or soil, (IAar, S, A, Mgh, K,) in which are burrows (IAar, S, A) and hollows; (IAar;) as also ↓ xaboraA='u: (A:) or soft land or soil, in which beasts sink and are embarrassed: or crumbling ground, in which the feet of beasts sink. (TA.) It is said in a prov., mano tajan~aba AlxabaAra A^amina AlEivaAra [He who avoids soft ground in which the feet sink will be secure from stumbling]. (A, K.) ― -b2- Also Heaps of earth, or dust, collected at the roots of trees. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- And Burrows of jiro*aAn [or large field-rats]: (K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with p. (TA.) The lion. (K.) Knowing; having knowledge; (S, A, Msb;) as also ↓ xabirN: (AHn:) or possessing much knowledge with respect to internal things; like $ahiydN with respect to external things: (L in art. $hd:) or possessing knowledge of matters of information, news, tidings, accounts, narratives, or stories; of what is termed xabarN; (K;) or of what are termed A^axobaAr; (TA;) as also ↓ xaAbirN and ↓ xabirN, (K,) which last is thought by ISd to be a possessive [as distinguished from a verbal] epithet, (TA,) [or it is from xabira, a form which ISd may not have known,] and ↓ xuborN, (K,) which is an intensive epithet: (TA:) also informed; possessing information. (TA.) You say, A^anaA bihi xabiyrN I have knowledge of it. (A.) And [hence] Alxabiyru is a name of God, meaning He who knoweth what hath been and what is or will be: (TA:) or He who well knoweth the internal qualities of things. (Sharh Et-Tirmidhee.) ― -b2- Also Possessing knowledge of God, (K, TA,) by being acquainted with his names and his attributes. (TA.) ― -b3- A lawyer; one skilled in the law, or practical religion. (TA.) ― -b4- A head, or chief. (TA.) -A2- A tiller, or cultivator, of land. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) -A3- Fur, or soft hair, syn. wabarN, (S, K,) of camels, and (tropical:) of the wild ass. (TA.) ― -b2- Hair that has fallen: and with p, a portion thereof. (K.) [See also xabiyrapN below.] ― -b3- (tropical:) Plants, or herbage; (S, K, TA;) fresh herbage: (K, TA:) likened to the wabar of camels, because growing like the latter: and seed-produce. (TA.) It is said in a trad., nasotaxolibu Alxabiyra (tropical:) We cut (S, TA) with the reaping-hook, (TA,) and eat, the plants, or herbage. (S, TA.) ― -b4- Froth, or foam: (TA:) or the froth, or foam, of the mouths of camels. (S, K, TA.) -A4- Seasoned, or made savoury. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xuborapN. : see 4. : see xubarpN, in two places. -A2- Also Good wool, of the first shearing. (K.) [See also xabiyrN.] -A3- An invitation to the Eaqiyqap [q. v.] of a boy. (TA.) : see xabiyrN. ― -b2- Also One who tries, proves, or tests, things; having experience. (TA.) A certain plant: (K:) or a kind of tree, having a blossom beautiful and bright, yellow, and of good odour, with which gardens are adorned: MF says, I do not think it to be found in the East. (TA.) , (K, TA,) in some copies of the K written AlxayobariY~u, (TA,) The black serpent. (K.) So in the saying, balaAhu A@ll~`hu biAlxayobaraY [May God afflict him, or it, with the black serpent]: app. because a ruined place becomes the resort of deadly serpents. (TA.) -A2- One says also, Ealayohi Ald~abaraY waHum~aY xayobaraY [May perdition befall him, and the fever of Kheyber: AldbrY being app. an inf. n., syn. with Ald~abaAr, which is used in a similar phrase (Ealayohi Ald~abaAru) mentioned in the TA in art. dbr, and xayobar being altered to xayobaraY, as is indicated in the S, in order to assimilate it in form to AldbrY]: (S, TA:) the fever of Kheyber is mutanaA*arap [i. e. a fever “ against which people warn one another, ” because it is generally fatal]. (TA.) [See also xaAsirN.] A historian: a rel. n. formed from the pl., like A^anoSaAriY~N and A^anomaATiY~N. (TA.) (S) and ↓ maxobarapN (S, K) and ↓ muxobarapN (S, M) The internal state; an internal, or intrinsic, quality; the intrinsic, or real, as opposed to the apparent, state, or to the aspect, of a thing; [whether pleasing or displeasing; but when used absolutely, meaning the former;] opposite of maroA=pN (S, K) and of manoZarN [q. v.]. (S.) See also maxobaraAniY~N. : see xuborN: -A2- and see maxobarN. -A3- Also [A privy;] a place where excrement, or ordure, is voided. (K.) : see maxobarN. A man of goodly internal, or intrinsic, qualities; syn. ↓ *uw maxobarK; like manoZaraAniY~N as meaning *uw manoZarK. (TA.) Well seasoned; (K;) having much grease. (TA.) -A2- naAqapN maxobuwrapN: see xaborN, last sentence. (assumed tropical:) A camel having much flesh. (TA.) xbz , (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xabozN, (S, K,) He made [or kneaded and baked] xuboz [or bread]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ Axtbzhu: (Sb, S, TA:) or the ↓ the latter signifies he made [or kneaded and baked] it for himself: (K:) or ↓ Axtbz signifies he kneaded flour, and made dough of it, and then baked it in a mal~ap [see xubozapN below] or in an oven: (T, TA:) [and ↓ yuxotabazu signifies it is made into bread: see S and K voce fav~N.] ― -b2- xabaza Alqawoma, (S, A,) aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xabozN, (A, K,) He fed the people, or company of men, with xuboz [or bread]: (S, A, K: *) like as tamarahumo signifies “ he fed them with tamor: ” (A:) but Lh quotes the saying of certain of the Arabs, A^atayotu baniY fulaAnK faxabazuwA waHaAsuwA waA^aqaTuwA, meaning [I came to the sons of such a one, and] they fed me with xuboz and Hayos and A^aqiT: he does not say xabazuwniY waHaAsuwniY waA^aqaTuwniY. (TA.) -A2- xabazahu, aor. , (TK,) inf. n. xabozN, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He beat him, or it: (K, * TK:) accord. to some, with the hand: or with the two hands: (TA:) and some say that xuboz [or bread] is thus called because they beat it with their hands: but this assertion is not valid: (TA:) and you say also, xabaTaniY birijolihi, and xabazaniY, (tropical:) [He beat me with his foot,] and taxab~aTaniY and ↓ taxab~azaniY. (A, TA.) And xabaza AlbaEiyru, (TK,) inf. n. xabozN, (S, K,) (tropical:) The camel beat the ground with his fore foot, (S, * K, * TA,) or, as in some lexicons, with his fore feet. (TA.) And ↓ txb~zt AlA_ibilu Als~aEodaAna (assumed tropical:) The camels beat the [herbage called] sEadAn with their legs. (TA.) see 1, latter part, in two places. see 1, first sentence, in four places. a word of well-known meaning; (K;) [Bread;] that which is eaten. (S.) It is said in a prov., kul~u A^adaApi Alxubozi EinodiY gayoruhu [All the apparatus of bread is in my possession except it, namely, the bread itself]: the origin of which was this: a company of men demanded hospitality of a certain man; and when they sat down, he threw down a [piece of leather such as is called] niToE, and put upon it a mill-stone, and adjusted its pivot, and covered it [with the upper stone]: and the presence of his apparatus made the company to wonder: then he took the handle of the mill, (haAdiY Alr~aHaY,) and began to turn it: whereupon they said to him, What dost thou? and he answered in the words of this proverb. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Alxul~apu xubozu AlA_ibili (tropical:) [Sweet herbage is the bread of camels: and AlHamoDu faAkihatuhaA, or AaHomuhaA, sour herbage is their fruit, or flesh-meat]. (A, TA.) i. q. TulomapN; (S, A, K;) meaning Dough put in a mal~ap, until it is thoroughly baked, (S, TA,) i. e., in ashes, and earth, in which fire is kindled; (TA;) a cake of bread, (MA, KL,) [or lump of dough,] baked in ashes (KL) [or in any way]; i. q. quroSN and quroSapN. (K in art. qrS.) ― -b2- Also A large variydap [or mess of crumbled or broken bread moistened with broth]: or, as some say, flesh-meat. (TA.) [See also xabiyzN.] Bread made [or kneaded and baked], (K, TA,) of whatever grain it be. (TA.) ― -b2- Also i. q. variyd [Bread crumbled or broken, and moistened with broth]. (Sgh, K.) [See also xubozapN.] ― -b3- Also a vulgar term for xabiySapN. (Esh-Shereeshee, in Har p. 21.) The trade, or occupation, of the xab~aAz. (K.) : see xub~aAzN. A maker of bread; one whose office it is to make bread: (TA:) a baker; syn. furoniY~N. (Msb in art. frn.) (IDrd, S, K) and ↓ xub~aAzapN, (K,) [or the former is a coll. gen. n., and the latter the n. un.,] and ↓ xubaAzaY (IDrd, S, K) [which last is the most common form] and ↓ xub~aAzaY, (K,) or when with teshdeed the Y is elided, (IDrd,) and ↓ xub~ayozN, (K,) [Malva, or mallow;] a certain plant, well known, (S, K, TA,) of the leguminous kind, having broad leaves and a round fruit; [whence perhaps its name;] accord. to the Minháj, a species of the maluwxiy~apN [corchorus olitorious, or Jew's mallow]: or, as some say, the mlwxy~p is the garden-kind, and the xbAzY is the wild kind: some also say that the baqolap yahuwdiy~ap [sonchus, or sow-thistle,] is one of the species of xbAzY; and there is a kind thereof that turns with the sun. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see the next preceding paragraph. : see the next preceding paragraph. A man possessing xuboz [or bread]: (S, K:) like taAmirN [possessing dates] and laAbinN [possessing milk]. (S.) An oven; syn. furonN. (M and K in art. frn.) A place where bread is made: pl. maxaAbizu. (Meyd, in Golius.) xbS , aor. , (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. xaboSN, (Msb,) He mixed it. (A, Msb, K.) ― -b2- xabaSa, aor. ; and ↓ xb~S, inf. n. taxobiySN; He turned over and mixed and made [xabiyS, q. v.]: and ↓ txb~S * (K) and ↓ AxtbS (A, K) he made, or prepared, for himself xabiyS. (K, * TA.) see 1. see 1. see 1. Their guest asked for, or demanded, a mess of xabiyS [q. v.]. (A, TA.) Mixed; syn. maxobuwSN. (TA.) ― -b2- A kind of food, (Msb, TA,) sweet, (TA,) well known, (S, Msb, TA,) made of dates and clarified butter, (A, K, TA,) mixed together: (TA:) [Golius adds, on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof, “ aut amylo et defruto; ” app. meaning, or of starch and of new wine of which half or a third part has been boiled away: and one kind, called xabiySN muram~alN, was made with coarse flour: (see jariy$N:)] of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN: (Msb:) xabiySapN is a more particular term [signifying a mess of xabiyS]. (S.) A spoon, or thing like a spoon, with which xabiyS is made; (S, as in two different copies;) a spoon with which xbyS is stirred about, or turned over, (A, L, K,) in the [vessel called] Tinojiyr: (K:) or the thing in which xbyS is stirred about, or turned over. (L, TA.) xbT , aor. , (Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. xaboTN, (Msb, TA, &c.,) He struck, or beat, (Msb, TA,) anything: (TA:) or he struck, or beat, it, or him, vehemently: (M, K, TA:) or xaboTN signifies a camel's striking, or beating, a thing with his fore foot: (T, TA:) or in the cases of beasts, (dawaAb~, [generally meaning horses and mules and asses,]) the striking, or beating, with the fore feet; not with the hind feet: and in the case of the camel, with the fore foot and the hind foot: or vehement treading; or of the fore feet of beasts (dwAb~): (TA:) or, accord. to the Keshsháf, the act of striking, or beating, in a way that is not right: or, as some say, the going, or journeying, upon what is not the middle, or main part, of the road, or what is not the main road, or upon a road not open to view: or continuous, or consecutive, striking, or beating, in different ways: and afterwards tropically applied to any (tropical:) beating, or striking, that is not approved: or originally, the striking, or beating, with the fore foot or the hind foot, and the like: (MF, TA:) with the fore feet or legs, it is like ramoHN with the hind feet or legs. (TA.) You say, of a camel, xabaTa AlA^aroDa, (Msb,) or xabaTa AlA^aroDa biyadihi, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He struck, or beat, the ground with his fore foot: (S, Msb:) or he struck, or beat, vehemently the ground with his fore foot; and ↓ txb~T and ↓ AxtbT signify the same: (K:) it is said in the O that xabaTahu signifies he struck him with his fore foot, or hand, and prostrated him, as also ↓ txb~Thu: and ↓ AxtbT, said of a camel, is syn. with xabaTa: and in the T, that birijolihi ↓ taxab~aTaniY is syn, with xabaTaniY. (TA.) Hence the trad., laA taxobiTuwA xaboTa Aljamali [lit. Ye shall not beat the ground as the camel does with his fore foot in rising]; meant to forbid a man's putting forward his foot in rising from prostration [in prayer]. (TA.) And xabaTahu, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) signifies also He trod him, or it, vehemently, (K, TA,) as the camel does with his fore foot. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (S,) fulaAnN yaxobiTu xaboTa Ea$owaA='a (S, * TA) (tropical:) [Such a one goes at random, in a headstrong and reckless manner,] like the weak-sighted she-camel that beats the ground with her fore feet (taxobiTu) as she goes along, not guarding herself from anything. (S, TA.) It is a prov., applied to him who turns away from a thing as though he were not cognizant of it: or to him who is continually falling into a thing. (Har p. 239.) Zuheyr says, raA^ayotu AlmanaAyaA xaboTa Ea$owaA='a mano tuSibo tumitohu wamano tuxoTiy^o yuEam~aro fayahorami I saw the fates [treading mankind] like the treading of the weak-sighted she-camel; whom they smote, him they killed: and whom they missed, he was made to continue in life so that he lived to extreme old age. (TA, and EM p. 132.) In like manner you say, fulaAnN yaxobiTu fiY EamoyaA='a (tropical:) Such a one undertakes what he undertakes with ignorance. (TA.) And xabaTa A^amorahu EalaY gayori baSyrapK (assumed tropical:) [He prosecuted his affair without mental perception, or without certainty]. (S in art. E$w, q. v.) And yaxobiTu fiY AlZ~alaAmi (tropical:) He goes in the night without a lamp, and so becomes confounded and perplexed, and unable to see his right course, and errs from the way, and perchance may fall into a well. (TA.) And xabaTa All~ayola, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He went, or journeyed, in the night without direction. (K, TA.) And baAta yaxobiTu AlZ~alomaA='a (tropical:) [He passed the night traversing the darkness without direction]. (TA.) xaboTN is said to signify (assumed tropical:) The act of journeying, or going, without direction: or upon what is not the middle, or main part, of the road, or what is not the main road. (TA.) ― -b3- [And hence, perhaps,] xabaTahu (tropical:) He asked of him a benefit, or favour, without any tie of relationship; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ AxtbThu: (IB, K:) or this is from xaboTu waraqi Al$~ajari [explained in what follows]: (Har p. 425:) or the latter, [or both,] he came to him seeking his beneficence without any such tie: (S:) or he came to him seeking a gift; because he who does so must beat the ground with his feet: (IF:) and you also say, maEoruwfahu ↓ AxtbT. (Aboo-Málik, TA.) [The latter verb is the more common. See also 10.] ― -b4- And (tropical:) He conferred a benefit upon him without there having been any acquaintance between them, (S, K, TA,) and without there being anything to draw them near, and without there being any relationship: (TA:) and xabaTahu bixayori signifies the same: (TA:) or he bestowed on him a benefit, (K, TA,) being asked: (TA:) and you say also, bixayorK ↓ AxtbThu: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) and xabaTa fiyhimo bixayorK signifies (assumed tropical:) He benefited them. (TA.) 'Alkameh Ibn-'Abadeh says, (S, TA,) praising El-Hárith Ibn-AbeeShemir, (TA,) wafiY kul~i HaY~K qado xabaTota biniEomapK (assumed tropical:) [And upon every tribe thou hast conferred benefit, app. meaning without being related to them]: (S, TA:) but it is said in a marginal note to the S, that xabaT~a would be better; and so it is accord. to one relation: in the L, however, it is said that xabat~a would be more agreeable with analogy. (TA.) Accord. to AZ, xabaTotu Alr~ajula, inf. n. xaboTN, signifies (assumed tropical:) I held loving communion, commerce, or intercourse, with the man. (TA.) ― -b5- [In respect of the places which I have given to the abovementioned significations of asking and conferring a benefit, I have followed the opinion of IF; but it is said in the TA, and, I think, with greater probability, that they are from what here next follows.] ― -b6- xabaTa Alwaraqa mina Al$~ajari, aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xaboTN, (Lth, T, Msb,) He made the leaves to fall from the trees: (Msb:) or he beat the leaves of the trees, (Lth, T,) meaning large trees of the kind called TaloH, [acacia, or mimosa, gummifera,] with a staff, or stick, (Lth,) so that they fell off, or became scattered, (Lth, T,) after which he gave them as food to camels; (Lth;) refrainfrom injuring thereby the trunks and branches of the trees: (T:) and lahu xabaTFA ↓ AxtbT signifies the same as xabaTa. (TA.) And xabaTa Al$~ajarapa, (S, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) and so the inf. n., (S,) He beat the tree with a staff, or stick, in order that its leaves might fall off: (S:) or he bound the tree, and then made its leaves to fall, (K, TA,) by beating it with a staff, or stick, to give them as food to camels and other beasts. (TA.) The leaves are stored up for the camels; and in wintertime are bruised, or broken up, for them, and moistened with water, and given to them as fodder. (Har p. 218.) Mohammad was asked, Does AlgaboT [i. e. “ the wishing for a blessing on the condition that it shall not become transferred from its possessor ”] injure [its author]? and he answered, laA A_il~aA kamaA yaDur~u AlEiDaAha AlxaboTu [No, save as the beating off the leaves injures the trees called 'idáh]; i. e., it only diminishes, without annulling, its author's recompense, like the beating off the leaves of the 'idáh, without cutting them down and extirpating them; for the leaves will grow again. (TA.) [See also art. gbT.] ― -b7- Hence, (A, TA,) xabaTa Alqawoma bisayofihi (tropical:) He struck the people with his sword. (A, K, TA.) ― -b8- xabaTahu Al$~ayoTaAnu (tropical:) The devil touched him with a hurt, (K, TA,) so as to corrupt him, or disorder him, and render him insane; (TA;) as also ↓ txb~Thu: (K, TA:) or the latter, [which is the more common,] the devil corrupted him, or disordered him: (S, Mgh, Msb: *) lit., struck him: (Mgh, Msb:) or prostrated him, and sported with him: or trampled upon him, and prostrated him. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 276], ↓ laA yaquwmuwna A_il~aA kamaA yaquwmu A@l~a*iY yataxab~aTuhu Al$~ayoTaAnu mina A@lomas~i (tropical:) [They shall not rise save as he riseth whom the devil prostrateth by reason of possession, or insanity]; i. e., as he who is affected by diabolical possession rises, in his state of possession, when he is prostrated, and falls: or it means, whom the devil corrupts, or disorders, by rendering him insane. (K, * TA.) [You say also, of a drug, AlEaqola ↓ xb~T (assumed tropical:) It disordered the intellect: see the act. part. n., below.] ― -b9- xabaTa also signifies (assumed tropical:) He (a man) threw himself down (S, L, K) where he was, (S, L,) to sleep, (S, K,) or and slept. (L.) And (assumed tropical:) He (a man) slept. (A' Obeyd, TA.) In the K, qaAma is erroneously put for naAma. (TA.) ― -b10- xabaTa EalaY AlbaAbi He knocked upon the door, or at the door. (TA.) ― -b11- xabaTa AlEiroqu The vein beat, or pulsated. (TA.) see 1, near the end of the paragraph. It was, or became, in a state of commotion, agitation, convulsion, tumult, or disturbance; syn. AiDoTaraba. (Az, TA in art. HbT.) -A2- It is also trans.: see 1; second sentence, in three places; and again, near the end of the paragraph, in two places. see 1, in six places. ― -b2- You say also, Aln~aAqapu taxotabiTu Al$~awoka (assumed tropical:) The she-camel eats the thorns. (Th, TA.) (assumed tropical:) He asked of him a means of access, nearness, intimacy, or ingratiation. (TA.) What is beaten by beasts, (K, TA,) with their feet, (TA,) and broken. (K, TA.) ― -b2- Leaves (Msb, K) of any kind (K) that have been made to fall from a tree; (Msb, K;) by its being beaten with a staff, or stick; (K, * TA;) used as food for camels: (TA:) and leaves that have been beaten off with staves, or sticks, then dried, and ground, and mixed with flour or other substance, and beaten with the hand, and moistened in a basin, with water, until they have become viscous, or cohesive, when they are put into the mouths of camels. (AHn, K.) The word is of the measure faEalN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN, like many other instances that have been heard, (Msb,) as nafaDN and hadamN. (TA.) (tropical:) A touch, or stroke, of diabolical possession, or insanity. (TA.) You say also, bifulaAnK xaboTapN biAlmas~i (tropical:) [In such a one is a touch of diabolical possession, or insanity]. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A single act of a stallion-camel's covering of the female. (TA.) A certain malady, (K,) like diabolical possession, or insanity, (S, K,) but not identical therewith: (S, TA:) the word is also related with H (TA.) [See also HubaATN.] and ↓ xabiyTN A horse that strikes, or beats, with his hind feet: (K:) or with his fore feet. (T, TA.) A watering-trough beaten by the feet of the camels, and so demolished: (K:) or a wateringtrough; so called because its clay is beaten with the feet at its construction: (TA:) or a small watering-trough: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) pl. xubuTN (K.) ― -b2- See also xabuwTN. , determinate, [and imperfectly decl.,] (assumed tropical:) The stupid: like xuDaArapN applied to “ the sea. ” (TA.) (tropical:) One who [frequently] goes in the night without a lamp, and so becomes confounded and perplexed, and unable to see his right course, and errs from the way, and perchance may fall into a well: occurring in a trad. of ' Alee. (TA.) Going, or journeying, without direction: or one who beats the ground with his foot, and knows not in what land he is going; either because of the darkness or because he is blind. (Har p. 55.) You say, maA A^adoriY A^aY~u xaAbiTi layolK huwa, (S, TA,) and A^aY~u xaAbiTi All~ayoli, (TA,) (tropical:) I know not what man he is. (S, TA.) ― -b2- maA lahu xaAbiTN walaA naATiHN, (tropical:) He has not a camel nor a bull; meaning he has not anything. (TA.) ― -b3- xaAbiTN also signifies A beating, or throbbing, in the head. (TA.) That strikes, or beats, (K, TA,) the ground, (TA,) with his feet: (K, TA:) by poetic license written A^axobaT~u: (TA:) pl. xuboTN. (K.) Still; motionless; like muxobitN: (TA in art. xmd:) or i. q. muToriqN [silent; not speaking: or lowering his eyes, looking towards the ground]. (JK, K, TA. [In the CK, muxobaT and muToraq.]) ― -b2- See also muxotabiTN. A staff, or stick, with which the leaves of trees are beaten off: (K:) and ↓ mixobaTapN, also, signifies a staff, or stick; and a rod, or twig: (TA:) pl. of the former, maxaAbiTu. (K, TA.) : see what next precedes. [Disordering the intellect; said of a drug]. (K in art. bnj.) (tropical:) One who asks [a benefit or favour] of another without there being anything to draw him near, and without acquaintance. (JK, TA. * [In the latter, ↓ muxobiTN, which is doubtless a mistake, is explained in one place as signifying (tropical:) One who seeks a gift without any previous acquaintance.]) xbEvn : see xabaEovinapN. : see xubaEovinapN. ― -b2- Also Plump in body; or fat, soft, thin-skinned, and plump, in body; applied to any thing [i. e. to any animal]. (K.) , like qu*aEomilapN, Big and strong; (AO, S, K;) applied to a man; and (in like manner, TA) a lion; (K;) and so ↓ xubaEovinN, (S, K,) as in the phrase xubaEovinu Alxaloqi [big and strong of make]; (AA, S;) and ↓ xabaEovanN: (K:) the first is applied as an epithet to a lion by Aboo-Zubeyd Et-Tá-ee: and [the pl.] xubaEovinaAtN, by El-Farezdak, to camels. (S.) xbl , aor. , inf. n. xabaAlN (JK, K, TA) and xabalN, (TA,) He was, or became, corrupted, unsound, vitiated, or disordered, [in an absolute sense; and particularly] in his reason, or intellect: (TA:) [or he was, or became, in a corrupt, an unsound, a vitiated, or a disordered, state, occasioning him agitation like that of possession or insanity, by disease affecting the reason and thought: (see xabaAlN, below:) and hence,] he was, or became, possessed, or insane. (JK, K, TA.) ― -b2- And xabila, [inf. n. xabalN, (q. v. voce xabaAlN,)] He was, or became, affected with [the palsy termed] faAlij. (JK.) ― -b3- And xabilato yaduhu His arm, or hand, became corrupted, unsound, vitiated, or disordered, so as to be rendered motionless; or dried up; or became lost; (K, TA;) or was cut off. (TA.) -A2- xabalahu, (JK, S, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xabolN; (TA;) and ↓ xb~lhu, (S, K,) inf. n. taxobiylN; (TA;) and ↓ Axtblhu; (S, K;) It (grief, JK, K, and love, JK, T, TA, and time, or fortune, and the ruling power, and disease, T, TA) rendered him possessed, or insane: (JK, K, TA:) and it corrupted, rendered unsound, vitiated, or disordered, his reason, or intellect; or his limb, or member: (S, K:) or it (grief) deprived him of his heart: and he corrupted, rendered unsound, vitiated, or disordered, one of his limbs or members: or deprived him of his reason, or intellect. (Msb.) And xabala qalobahu, aor. and , It (love) corrupted, or rendered unsound, his heart. (JM.) And xabala fulaAnN yada fulaAnK Such a one corrupted, rendered unsound, vitiated, or disordered, the arm, or hand, of such a one, so that it became motionless; or caused it to dry up; or deprived him of it. (JK.) ― -b2- Also xabalahu, (TA,) [aor. ,] inf. n. xabolN, (K, TA,) He restrained, withheld, or debarred, him: (K, * TA:) and ↓ Axtbl likewise signifies he restrained, withheld, or debarred. (TA.) You say, maA xabalaka Ean~aA What withheld, or has withheld, thee from us? (TA.) And xabalahu Eano ka*aA, aor. and inf. n. as above, He prevented, or hindered, him from doing such a thing. (K, * TA.) -A3- xabala Eano fiEoli A^abiyhi He fell short of the doing of his father. (JK, K.) see 1. signifies The act of lending; (JK;) as also ↓ AixotibaAlN. (TA.) You say, A^axobalotuhu AlmaAla, (S,) i. e. Aln~aAqapa, or Alfarasa, (S, K, *) I lent him the she-camel (S, K *) in order that he might ride her (TA) or in order that he might make use of her milk and her fur, or the horse in order that he might go on a hostile, or hostile and plundering, expedition upon him. (S, K, TA.) And Axblhu A_ibilFA, and ganamFA, He lent him camels, and sheep or goats. (M, TA.) See also 10. ― -b2- Also The dividing one's camels into two halves, that one half might breed in each year; like as one does in land and sowing. (Ibn-' Abbád, K. *) see 1, in two places: ― -b2- and see 4. -A2- Axtblt Ald~aAb~apu The beast remained not in its accustomed place. (Lth, ISd, K.) He sought to corrupt, render unsound, vitiate, or disorder, some of the camels of such a one. (Er-Rághib.) ― -b2- [And hence,] Astxblhu mino maAlihi He asked of him the loan of some of his camels, or the like, until the time of abundance of herbage. (JK, O, * TA. *) And AstxblnY naAqapF, or farasFA, He asked of me the loan of a she-camel (K, TA) in order that he might ride her (TA) or in order that he might make use of her milk and her fur, or a horse in order that he might go on a hostile, or hostile and plundering, expedition upon him. (K, TA.) And Astxblhu A_ibilFA, and ganamFA, He asked of him the loan of camels, and sheep or goats. (M, TA.) Zuheyr says, ↓ hunaA laka A_ino yusotaxobaluwA AlmaAla yuxobiluwA [There, if they be asked to lend cattle, they lend]. (S, TA. [See also 10 in art. xwl.]) xabolN: see xabaAlN, in four places. ― -b3- Also Corruptness, unsoundness, or a vitiated or disordered state, of the limbs or members, (M, K,) of a man, so that one knows not how to walk; (Az, TA;) and so ↓ xabalN; (K;) which likewise signifies the same in the legs of a beast. (JK, K. *) ― -b4- ― -b5- And The [palsy termed] faAlij; as also ↓ xabalN. (K.) ― -b6- Also The cutting off of arms or hands, and legs or feet: (JK, Az, ISd, K:) pl. xubuwlN. (K.) So in the saying, qawomiY yuTaAlibuwna baniY fulaAnK bidimaA='K waxabolK [My people, or party, prosecute the sons of such a one for blood (lit. bloods) and the cutting off of arms or hands, and legs or feet]. (JK.) And so xubuwlN in the saying, lanaA fiY baniY fulaAnK dimaA='N waxubuwlN [We have a claim, upon the sons of such a one, to blood (lit. bloods) and the cutting off of arms &c.]. (S.) ― -b7- And Wounds: (JK:) and ↓ xabalN signifies a wound: and is so explained as used in the saying, banuw fulaAnK yuTaAlibuwnanaA bixabalK [The sons of such a one prosecute us for a wound]. (TA.) ― -b8- And i. q. fitonapN and harojN [i. e. Trial, punishment, slaughter, civil war, conflict and faction, discord, dissension, &c.]. (TA.) -A2- Also A loan: and a demand of a loan: (K, TA:) relating to anything. (TA.) ― -b2- And An addition which one gives, beyond what the jam~aAl [i. e. owner, or attendant, of a camel or camels (in the CK Ham~Al i. e. porter)] imposes on one by stipulation. (M, K, TA.) -A3- See also the next paragraph. : see xabaAlN. -A2- waqaEa fiY xuboliY It came into my mind; (JK, K;) a phrase like the saying, saqaTa fiY yadiY: (JK, K: * [in the K, meaning the same as this saying:]) and sometimes (JK) one says also ↓ fiY xaboliY. (JK [and so in the K accord. to the TA, but not in the CK, nor in my MS. copy of the K].) : see xabaAlN, in four places: ― -b2- and see xabolN, in three places. -A2- Also The jinn, or genii; (IAar, Fr, S, K;) and so ↓ xaAbilN: (JK, K:) or the latter has this signification; and the former is a quasi-pl. n. of the latter, or, as some say, a pl., as is also xub~alN: (TA:) and ↓ xaAbilN signifies also a devil, or the devil. (K.) One says, bihi xabalN, meaning In him is somewhat of [the jinn, or genii, called] A^aholu AlA^aroDi. (S. [See AlA^aroDu, near the end of the paragraph: and see other explanations of xabalN voce xabaAlN, which may apply in this case.]) ― -b2- Accord. to IAar and Fr, it is also applied to Mankind. (TA.) ― -b3- Also A certain bird, that cries all the night, with one cry, resembling maAtato xabalo. (M, K, * TA.) -A3- Also A mazaAdap [or leathern water-bag]. (Fr, K.) ― -b2- And A full qirobap [or water-skin]. (Fr, K.) and ↓ A^axobalu (K, TA) Corrupted, unsound, vitiated, or disordered, [in an absolute sense; and particularly] in his reason, or intellect; as also ↓ maxobuwlN: (TA:) [or in a corrupt, an unsound, a vitiated, or a disordered, state, occasioning him agitation like that of possession or insanity, by disease affecting the reason and thought: (see xabaAlN, below:) and hence,] possessed, or insane; (K, TA;) as also ↓ muxab~alN and ↓ muxotabilN: (TA:) or ↓ muxab~alN signifies a man having no heart; (JK;) as also ↓ maxobuwlN: (JK, Msb:) or this last, haring one of his limbs, or members, corrupted, rendered unsound, vitiated, or disordered: (Msb:) and xabilN and ↓ muxab~alN signify also a beast corrupted, rendered unsound, vitiated, or disordered, in the legs, so as not to know how to walk: (JK:) or ↓ muxab~alN signifies a man who is as though his extremities were amputated. (S.) ― -b2- dahorN xabilN (tropical:) A time difficult to the people thereof; (T, S, K, TA;) in which they see not happiness. (T, TA.) Corruption from a wound. (TA.) -A2- See also xuborapN, last signification. Corruptness, unsoundness, or a vitiated or disordered state, [in an absolute sense;] (S, Msb, TA;) said in the O and the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib] to be the primary signification; (TA;) as also ↓ xabalN (Ham p. 542) and ↓ xabolN, of which last the pl. is xubuwlN: (S:) [and particularly in the reason, or intellect: (see xabila, of which it is an inf. n.:)] and in actions, as well as in bodies and in minds: (TA:) or, primarily, such as is incident to an animal, occasioning him agitation like that of possession or insanity, by disease affecting the reason and thought; as also ↓ xabalN and ↓ xabolN: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or ↓ xabalN signifies possession, or insanity; (K;) and so ↓ xabolN (JK, Msb, K) and ↓ xubolN (K) and xabaAlN; (Msb;) or ↓ xabalN signifies an affection, in the heart, resembling possession or insanity; (Az, TA;) or egregious stupidity or foolishness, without possession or insanity; (TA;) and ↓ xabolN also signifies a state, or quality, resembling possession or insanity, such as stupidity, or foolishness; and heedlessness, or weakness of intellect, and the like. (Msb.) maA zaAduwkumo A_il~aA xabaAlFA, in the Kur [ix. 47], means They had not added to you aught save corruption and evil. (Bd, TA.) And laA yaA^oluwnakumo xabaAlFA, in the same [iii. 114], They will not fall short, or flag, or be remiss, in corrupting, or vitiating, your affairs. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (TA,) Loss, or a state of diminution; syn. nuqoSaAnN: (O, K, Er-Rághib:) or this is the primary signification. (TA.) ― -b3- And hence, (TA,) A state of perdition or destruction: (O, K, Er-Rághib:) or a thing's going, passing, or wasting, away; or being consumed or destroyed. (Zj, TA.) ― -b4- Also The condition of a well when it is hollowed in the sides, and old, so that sometimes the bucket enters into its hollowed part and becomes lacerated. (Fr, K.) ― -b5- And Fatigue, weariness, distress, embarrassment, affliction, trouble, or difficulty. (JK, S, O, K.) So in the saying, fulaAnN xabaAlN EalaY A^aholihi [Such a one is a cause of fatigue, &c., to his family]. (JK, * S, O.) ― -b6- And A deadly poison. (IAar, K.) ― -b7- And The fluid squeezed, or wrung, (IAar, TA,) or flowing, (S, K. TA,) from the inhabitants of Hell, or from their skins. (IAar, S, K, TA.) [See also radagapN.] Corrupting, rendering unsound, vitiating, or disordering, [in an absolute sense;] (M, K;) and particularly in the reason, or intellect. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xabalN, in two places. ― -b3- It is also added to xabolN to give intensiveness to the signification. (TA.) : see xabilN. : see xabilN, in four places. a [proper] name of Time. (S, K.) : see xabilN, in two places. : see xabilN. -A2- muxotabilu daAb~apK The legs of a beast. (JK. [But this I do not find in any other lexicon; and I doubt its correctness.]) xbn , aor. , inf. n. xabonN (S, Msb, K) and xibaAnN (S, K) and xubaAnN, (S, ISd,) He folded it, namely, a garment, (S, Msb, K,) &c., (S, K,) in its skirt, (Msb,) and sewed it, (S, K,) in order that it might become shorter; (S, Msb, K;) he contracted it [in its length], and sewed it; (M, TA;) he raised its (a garment's) skirt, or lower part, and sewed it higher up, in order that it might become contracted and shortened, as is done with the garment of a child; (Lth, TA;) [he made a tuck in it, to shorten it;] i. q. vabanahu. (S in art. vbn.) ― -b2- [Hence, (assumed tropical:) He shortened it; namely, a period.] You say, [of a she-camel, or of camels,] xubina mino Tuwli Zimoy^ihaA, meaning (assumed tropical:) The length of the interval between her, or their, two waterings was shortened. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, (Msb, TA,) aor. , (Msb,) [or. ,] He hid it, or concealed it; (Msb, TA;) kept it, or preserved it; or stored it; namely, a thing. (TA.) You say, xabana AlT~aEaAma He hid, or concealed, kept, or preserved, or stored, (S, K,) and prepared, (S,) wheat, or food, for [a time of] dearth, or adversity. (S, K.) ― -b4- yaxobinu Alka*iba (assumed tropical:) He prepares falsehood. (K, * TA.) ― -b5- ↓ xabanatohu xabuwnu [as though signifying (assumed tropical:) Death hid him, or perhaps death shortened his existence,] is a phrase like $aEabatohu $aEuwbu, meaning he died. (K. [In copies of the K, xabuwnN and $aEuwbN: but both are imperfectly decl., as fem. proper names of more than three letters.]) He (a man, TA) hid, or concealed, a thing in the xubonap [q. v.] of his trousers, (K, TA,) next the back: Avbn signifies “ he hid, or concealed, [a thing] in his vubonap, next the belly. ” (TA.) [See also what next follows.] He took [and carried] the thing beneath the part extending from his armpit to his flank. (Har p. 552.) [See also what next precedes.] The part of a mazaAdap [or leathern water-bag that is hung on either side of a camel] which is between its xurot [or loop at either of its upper corners, whereby it is suspended, (in the CK xurob, which may signify the same,)] and its mouth [which is in the middle of the upper part]: (JK, K:) [thus] there are two such parts, [on either side of the mouth,] together called xubonaAni. (JK, TA.) The doubled upper border of the trousers, (IAth, TA,) next the back, in which one hides, or conceals, [or carries,] a thing; (IAar, TA;) the vubonap being [similar to it, but] in the waistwrapper, (IAth, TA,) next the belly: (IAar, TA:) or the raised skirt, or lower part, of the garment, in which one carries a thing: pl. xubanN. (Har p. 427.) And What one carries in the HiDon [or part between the armpit and the flank, &c.]: (S, K:) or what one carries beneath the armpit, (JK, Msb,) and in the sleeve: (JK:) or what is put, of food, and carried under the armpit or in the sleeve. (Har p. 427.) It is said in a trad. of 'Omar, A_i*aA mar~a A^aHadukumo biHaAy^iTK faA@loyaA^okulo minohu walaA yat~axi*o xubonapN [When any one of you passes by a garden of palm-trees, let him eat thereof, but not make, or take for himself, a xbnp]. (S, * TA. [See another reading voce vibaAnN.]) : see 1. [applied to a she-camel, or to a number of camels,] (assumed tropical:) Whose interval between two water-ings has been shortened. (IAar.) -A2- (assumed tropical:) One who prepares falsehood. (JK, * K, * TA.) -A3- I. q. $adiydN [Strong, &c.]. (JK, K.) xbw , aor. taxobuw, inf. n. xubuw~N (JK, S, Msb, K) and xabowN, (K,) The fire became allayed; subsided; (K;) became extinguished; (S, K;) the flaming, or blazing, of the fire ceased, or became allayed or extinguished. (JK, Msb.) [The verb is used, in this sense, of Hell, in the Kur xvii. 99.] ― -b2- [Hence,] xabati AlHarobu (tropical:) The war became allayed, assuaged, or appeased; (JK, K, TA;) became extinguished. (K, TA.) And xabato Hid~apu Aln~aAqapi (tropical:) The sharpness, or irascibility, of the she-camel became allayed, assuaged, or appeased. (JK, K, * TA.) And xabaA lahabuhu (tropical:) The heat, or vehemence, of his anger became allayed, assuaged, or appeased. (TA.) He extinguished the fire; (S, K;) he allayed, or extinguished, the flaming, or blazing, of the fire. (JK, Msb.) ― -b2- And [hence,] AxbY AlHaroba (tropical:) He extinguished [or allayed] the fire of the war. (K, TA.) And AxbY Hid~apa Aln~aAqahi (tropical:) He extinguished [or allayed] the sharpness, or irascibility, of the she-camel. (K, * TA.) accord. to some belongs to this art. (TA in art. xbA^.) See arts. xbA^ and xbY. xbY see what next follows. , inf. n. A_ixobaA='N; (Ks, TA;) or AxbY xibaA='N; (S, K;) and ↓ txb~Y, (Ks, TA,) or txb~Y xibaA='F; (S, K;) and xibaA='F ↓ xb~Y, (S, * K,) inf. n. taxobiyapN; (S;) He made a [tent such as is called] xbA=': (Ks, S, K:) and he set it up. (K.) [see also 10.] And A^axobayotu kisaAy^iY I made my [garment called] ksA=' to be [as] a xibaA='. (TA.) see 4. He set up a [tent such as is called] xbA=', and entered into it. (S, K.) [See also 4.] A kind of structure; (K;) [i. e.] one of the buyuwt [or kinds of tents] of the Arabs, (IAth, TA,) peculiarly of wool, (Yaakoob, Th,) or of camels' fur, or of wool, (IAar, S, IAth, K,) or of [goats'] hair, (K,) or not of [goats'] hair, (S,) [except in cold countries and in fertile regions, where the goats have abundant hair, for the goats of the Arabs of the desert have short hair, not long enough to be spun, (see bayotN,)] smaller than the miZal~ap, (IAar,) upon two poles, or three; what is above this kind being termed bayotN; (S;) or a tent having one pole; that which has more than one pole being termed bayotN: (AZ, TA in art. rbE:) pl. A^axobiyapN, (S, TA,) without ': (TA:) most of the lexicologists hold that its radical letters are xbY. (TA in art. xbA^, q. v.) ― -b2- Sometimes, (assumed tropical:) A dwelling, such as is in a city. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b3- Also (tropical:) A receptacle for oil or ointment. (K, TA.) ― -b4- And (tropical:) The calyx or a flower. (TA.) ― -b5- And (tropical:) The husk of a grain of wheat, and of a grain of barley, in the ear. (K, TA.) ― -b6- And AlxibaA='u signifies (tropical:) Certain round stars, [or stars in a circle,] (K, TA,) forming one of the Mansions of the Moon, [namely, the Twenty-fifth,] also called AlA^axobiyapu [or saEodu AlA^axobiyapi: see saEodN]. (TA.) , originally xaAbiy^apN: see art. xbA^. xtr His soul [or stomach] became heavy; or heaved, or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; syn. xabuvato: (IAar, K:) and became in a corrupt, or disordered, state. (K.) -A2- xatarahu, (S, K, *) aor. and , (K,) inf. n. xatorN (S, A, K) and xutuwrN, (K,) He acted, or behaved, towards him with perfidy, treachery, or unfaithfulness: (S, K: *) or with the foulest perfidy or treachery or unfaithfulness: (A, K:) or with deceit, guile, or circumvention: (K:) or in a bad, or corrupt, manner. (Ibn-'Arafeh.) And xatara biAlEahodi [He was unfaithful, &c., to the compact, or covenant]. (TA, from a trad.) , inf. n. taxotiyrN, said of wine, or beverage, It corrupted, or disordered, his soul [or stomach], (Ibn-'Arafeh, K,) and rendered him relaxed. (Ibn-'Arafeh.) He (a man, TA) was, or became, languid, (tafat~ara,) and relaxed, and heavy, or sluggish, and fevered: (K:) he was, or became, languid in body, in consequence of disease &c.: (TA:) and his intellect became confused, from drinking milk and the like. (K.) And txt~rt nafosuhu His soul [or stomach] was, or became, languid. (TA.) ― -b2- He walked with the gait of him who is heavy, or sluggish. (K.) Languor (xadarN), (K,) or the like thereof, (TA,) that betides on the occasion of drinking medicine or poison, (K, TA,) such as weakens and intoxicates. (TA.) : see what follows. : see what follows. : see what follows. : see what follows. (K) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ xat~aArN (S, A, K) and ↓ xatiyrN and ↓ xatuwrN and ↓ xit~iyrN (K) One who acts, or behaves, with perfidy, treachery, or unfaithfulness: (S, K:) or with the foulest perfidy or treachery or unfaithfulness: (A, K:) or with deceit, guile, or circumvention: (K:) [or in a bad, or corrupt, manner: (see 1:) the second and following epithets signifying one who does so much, or frequently, or habitually.] xtEr , inf. n. xatoEarapN, It passed away, and came to nought: (K: but only the inf. n. is there mentioned:) said of the mirage. (Kr.) Anything that does not remain in one state; and that passes away, and comes to nought; (S, K:) or that has no real existence. (IAth.) ― -b2- The mirage; syn. saraAbN: (S, K:) or what remains of the latter part of the mirage, when it becomes dispersed, and delays not to pass away and come to nought. (Kr, L.) ― -b3- [Gossamer; i. e.] what descends from the air in a time of intense heat, like spiders' webs; (S;) a thing like spiders' webs, which appears in a time of heat, (K,) descending from the sky, (TA,) resembling threads, (K,) or white threads, (TA,) in the air. (K.) [See luEaAbu Al$~amosi, in art. lEb.] ― -b4- The present world or life. (K.) ― -b5- The devil: (Fr, K:) or the devil of the 'Akabeh, called A^azab~u AlEaqabapi (IAth.) ― -b6- The [imaginary creature called] guwl: (S, K:) because it changes its appearance. (TA.) ― -b7- A certain insect, (K,) of a black colour, (TA,) that is upon the surface of water, and that does not remain in one place (K) save as long as the time of the winking of an eye. (TA.) ― -b8- A perfidious, or an unfaithful, man. (TA.) ― -b9- A woman whose affection does not last: (TA:) a woman evil in disposition: (K:) likened to a guwl inasmuch as her love does not last. (TA.) ― -b10- The wolf: (S, K:) because of his unfaithfulness. (TA.) ― -b11- The lion: (K:) because of his perfidiousness. (TA.) ― -b12- A calamity; syn. daAhiyapN. (S, K.) ― -b13- nawFY xayotaEuwrN [A point towards which one journeys] that is not in a right direction; syn. Aal~atiY laA tasotaqiymu: (L:) or far distant. (K.) xtl , (S, M, K, &c.,) aor. (M, Sgh, K) and , (M, K,) inf. n. xatolN and xatalaAnN, (K,) i. q. xadaEahu, or xaAdaEahu; (so accord. to different copies of the S;) and ↓ xAtlhu signifies the same: (S:) or the former, i. q. xadaEahu (Mgh, K, TA) [i. e.] He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him, (KL, PS,) unawares: (TA:) and ↓ xAtlhu, (K,) inf. n. muxaAtalapN, (TA,) i. q. xaAdaEahu [which means the same as xadaEahu; or he practised with him mutual deceit, delusion, &c.; or he strove, endeavoured, or desired, to deceive, delude, beguile, circumvent, or outwit, him]; (K, TA;) and raAwagahu [which means he endeavoured to turn him, or to entice him to turn, to, or from, a thing, &c.]. (TA.) ― -b2- xatolu AlS~aAy^idi means The sportsman's going along by little and little, stealthily, lest he should make a sound to be heard. (JM.) And xatala AlS~ayoda, (K,) inf. n. xatolN, (TA,) said of a wolf, He concealed himself to seize the prey. (K.) see 1, in two places. i. q. taxaAduEN [as meaning The deceiving one another; thus explained in the KL: and app. also as meaning the pretending deceit, &c.; or the pretending to be deceived, &c.: accord. to the PS, the being deceived; but for this I know not any other authority]. (S.) You say, txAtlwA, meaning txAdEwA [They deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, one another]. (K.) And txAtl Eano gafolapK [app. meaning He pretended deceit &c., or pretended to be deceived &c., unawares]. (TA.) He (a man, TA) listened to the secret of a party of men. (T, K, * TA.) El-Aashà says, wa laA taraAhaA lisir~i AljaAri taxotatilu [Nor wilt thou see her listen to the secret of the neighbour]. (TA.) A place of retreat, or concealment. (K.) And Any similar place in which one listens to hear secrets [&c.]. (TA.) The form of a hare, or burrow of a rabbit. (K.) : see xaAtilN and xat~aAlN. i. q. xad~aAEN [i. e. One who deceives, deludes, beguiles, circumvents, or outwits, much, or often; very deceitful &c.; as also ↓ xatuwlN, like xaduwEN]. (TA.) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ xatuwlN [like xat~aAlN, q. v.,] Deceiving, deluding, beguiling, circumventing, or outwitting. (K, TA.) Elegant; polite; acute, or sharp, or quick, in intellect; clever, ingenious, skilful, knowing, or intelligent: (K, * TA:) thought by ISd to be, perhaps, from Alxatolu signifying “the act of deceiving” &c. (TA.) A stealthy walk or gait: (O, K, TA:) or a walking on one side. (T, TA.) Hence the saying, huwa yaxolijuniY biEayonihi wa yamo$iY liY AlxawotalaY [He makes a sign to me with his eye, and walks to me stealthily, or sideways]. (TA.) [More, and most, deceitful, deluding, guileful, &c.]. You say A^axotalu mino *iy^obK More deceitful, &c., than the wolf. (Mgh.) xtm , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xatomN (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xitaAmN, (Lh, K, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) [in the CK, erroneously, xataAm,] i. q. TabaEahu [He sealed, stamped, imprinted, or impressed, it]: (Msb, K:) or he put the xaAtam [or signet] upon it: (Mgh:) namely, a thing, (S, Mgh,) or a writing or book and the like: and xatama Ealayohi signifies the same [or he put a seal, or the impression of a signet, upon it]. (Msb.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, xatomN and TaboEN signify The impressing a thing with the engraving of the signet and stamp: and the former [as is indicated, but not plainly expressed, as distinguished from the latter,] is tropically used, sometimes, as meaning the securing oneself from a thing, and protecting [oneself] from it; in consideration of protection by means of sealing upon writings and doors: and sometimes as meaning the producing an impression, or effect, upon a thing from another thing; in consideration of the impress produced [by the signet]: and sometimes it is used as relating to (assumed tropical:) the reaching the end [of a thing]: (TA:) or the primary signification of xatomN is the act of covering over [a thing]: (Az, TA:) accord. to Zj, the proper meaning of xatomN and TaboEN is the covering over a thing, and securing oneself from a thing's entering it: some say that the former signifies the concealing a notification of a thing, [as] by putting one's fingers over it, by way of guarding oneself thereby. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, xatomu Al$~ahaAdapi [The sealing of the testimony]; which is thus described by El-Hulwánee: the witness, when he wrote his name upon a Sak~ [q. v.], caused his written name to be beneath a piece of lead, [i. e. covered it with a piece of lead,] and put upon it the impress of his signet, in order that there might be no falsification of it or substitution for it. (Mgh.) ― -b3- As to xatomu AlA^aEonaAqi [The sealing of the necks], the case is related, in the “Risáleh Yoosufeeyeh,” to have been this: 'Omar sent Ibn-Honeyf to seal the Euluwj [or unbelievers] of the Sawád; and he sealed five hundred thousand of them, in classes; that is, he marked them twelve dirhems, and twenty-four, and forty-eight; tying a thong upon the neck of each, and putting upon the knot a seal of lead. (Mgh.) ― -b4- xatomN also signifies The protecting what is in a writing by marking [or stamping] a piece of clay [upon it, or by means of a seal of any kind]. (TA.) ― -b5- And you say, of a man, xatama Ealayoka baAbahu [He sealed his door against thee]; meaning (tropical:) he turned away from thee, avoided thee, or shunned thee. (TA.) ― -b6- And xatama laka baAbahu [He sealed for thee his door]; meaning (tropical:) he preferred thee to others. (TA.) ― -b7- xatama EalaY qalobihi [which may be rendered He sealed his heart] means (tropical:) he made him to be such that he understood not, and such that nothing proceeded from him; or he made his heart, or mind, to be such that it understood not, &c. (K, TA.) xatama A@ll~`hu EalaY quluwbihimo, in the Kur [ii. 6], is like the phrase in the same [xvi. 110 and xlvii. 18] TabaEa A@ll~`hu EalaY quluwbihimo: (TA:) it points to what God has made to be usually the case when a man has ended in believing what is false and in committing that which is forbidden, so that he turns not his face to the truth; this occasioning, as its result, his becoming inured to the approval of acts of disobedience, so that he is as though this habit were impressed upon his heart: the assertion of ElJubbáee, that it means God hath put a seal upon their hearts, as a sign, to the angels, of their infidelity, is nought: (Er-Rághib, TA:) Alxatomu is explained by IAar as meaning the preventing of the heart from believing. (L in art. xdE.) [See also TabaEa.] ― -b8- xatama Al$~aYo'a, inf. n. xatomN, also signifies [as indicated above] (assumed tropical:) He reached the end of the thing. (K.) And Al$~aYo'a ↓ Aixotatamotu (assumed tropical:) [I ended, or finished, the thing,] contr. of AifotataHotuhu. (S, TA.) You say, xatama AlquroA=na (assumed tropical:) He reached the end of the Kur-án [in reciting it]; (S, Er-Rághib;) [he recited the whole of the Kur-án;] he completed [the recital of] the Kur- án: (Mgh:) [and] he retained in his memory the last portion of the Kur-án; meaning he retained the whole of it in his memory. (Msb.) It is said of Suleymán El-Aamash, kaAna yaqoraA^u xatomFA, meaning (assumed tropical:) He used to recite the whole of the Kur-án; at one time, according to the reading of Ibn-Mes'ood; at another time, from the edition of 'Othmán. (Mgh.) ― -b9- You say also, xatama A@ll~`hu lahu bixayorK (assumed tropical:) [May God make his end to be good]. (S.) ― -b10- xatama Alba*ora (assumed tropical:) He covered over the sown seed: (Az, TA:) or xatamuwA EalaY Alba*ori (assumed tropical:) they turned up the earth over the sown seed, and then watered it: (Et-Táïfee, TA:) or xatama Alz~aroEa, (JK, K, TA,) aor. , inf. n. xatomN, (TA,) (tropical:) he watered the seed-produce, or sown field, the first time; (JK, K, TA;) because, when it is watered, it is finished (xutima) with the rHA [app. raHaA, which here seems to mean the “roller,” as being likened to a mill-stone, though I find no authority for this meaning]; (TA;) as also xatama Ealayohi: (K:) or xatamuwA EalaY zuruwEihimo means (assumed tropical:) they watered their sown fields while these were as yet kiraAb [app. meaning clear of vegetation]. (JK, TA.) ― -b11- xatama Aln~aHolu (tropical:) The bees filled with honey the place in which they deposited it: (JK, A, TA:) or xatomN signifies bees' collecting some thin wax, thinner than the wax of the comb, and smearing with it the orifices of their xalaAyaA [or hives]. (M, K, TA.) , inf. n. taxotiymN, He sealed it, stamped it, &c., much. (TA.) ― -b2- [In modern Arabic, He put a xaAtam, or signet-ring, upon his (another's) finger.] , or txt~m xaAtamFA, (accord. to different copies of the S,) or txt~m bixaAtamK, (K, [agreeably with a trad. cited in the TA,]) He put on [i. e. put on his own finger] a xAtm [or signet-ring]. (S, K.) ― -b2- And txt~m (tropical:) He put on a turban: (K, TA:) or txt~m biEimaAmatihi he put on his turban in the manner of a niqaAb [q. v.]; syn. tanaq~aba bihaA. (Z, TA.) The subst. [signifying the act or mode, of doing so] is ↓ taxotimapN [q. v. infrà]. (K.) ― -b3- txt~m biA^amorihi (assumed tropical:) He concealed his affair, or case. (Z, K.) ― -b4- txt~m Eanohu (tropical:) He feigned himself heedless of him, and was silent [to him]. (K, TA.) see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) -A2- Also The impress produced by the engraving of a signet. (Er-Rághib, TA.) ― -b2- See also xaAtamN. ― -b3- A^aEoTaAniY xatomiY means (tropical:) He gave me my sufficiency, or what sufficed me: because what suffices a man is the last [or utmost] of his desire, or demand. (TA.) -A3- Also (tropical:) Honey. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And (tropical:) The orifices of the xalaAyaA [or hives] of bees. (K, TA.) : see xaAtamN. ― -b2- Also A sealed piece of clay [or wax]: like nafaDN in the sense of manofuwDN, and qabaDN in the sense of maqobuwDN: so in the saying of El-Aashà, wa A^aborazahaA wa EalayohaA xatamo wa SaHobaA='a TaAfa yahuwdiy~uhaA [And a jar of reddish-coloured wine, the Jew -vender whereof came, and brought it out, with a sealed piece of clay upon it]. (S.) [See also xitaAmN.] [an inf. n. of un. of 1, (assumed tropical:) A recitation of the whole of the Kur-án: used in this sense in the present day: pl. xatamaAtN. ― -b2- And also] vulgarly used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A copy of the Kur-án: and so ↓ xitomapN. (TA.) : see what next precedes. : see the last sentence of the next paragraph. an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (Lh, K.) ― -b2- And a subst. signifying The first watering of seedproduce, or of a sown field: (JK, TA:) or the turning up the earth over sown seed, and then watering it. (Et-Táïfee, TA.) -A2- See also xaAtimN. ― -b2- Also The clay, (JK, S, K,) and the wax, (TA,) with which one seals, or stamps, (JK, S, K,) upon a writing, (JK,) or upon a thing: (K:) or which is sealed, or stamped, upon a writing. (Msb.) [See also xatamN. And see an ex. in a verse of Lebeed cited in art. dkn.] ― -b3- (tropical:) [The hymen; as being the seal of virginity; as also ↓ xaAtamN.] You say, zuf~ato A_ilayoka bixitaAmihaA (tropical:) [She was conducted as a bride to thee with her seal of virginity], and rab~ihaA ↓ bixaAtami [with the seal of her Lord]. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] siyqato hadiy~atuhumo A_ilayohi bixitaAmihaA (tropical:) [if it mean, as I suppose it to do, Their present was sent to him with what rendered it perfect or complete, or with what appertained to it]. (TA.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) The furthest part of a valley. (JK, TA.) (assumed tropical:) The last of a company of men; (Lh, TA;) as also ↓ xaAtamN and ↓ xaAtimN: (K:) whence Aln~abiy~iyna ↓ xaAtamu (assumed tropical:) [The last of the prophets], in the Kur [xxxiii. 40]; accord. to one reading, ↓ xaAtum, with damm to the t; (TA;) or xAtmu AlA^anobiyaA='i, i. e. Mohammad; (S;) also called ↓ AlxaAtamu and ↓ AlxaAtimu. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) The last portion of anything that is drunk [&c.]. (TA.) xitaAmuhu misokN, in the Kur [lxxxiii. 26], means (assumed tropical:) The last that they will perceive thereof will be the odour of musk: (S, TA:) or, accord. to 'Alkameh and Mujáhid, its admixture shall be musk: accord. to Ibn-Mes'ood, its result shall be the taste of musk: Fr says, ↓ xaAtamN and ↓ xaAtimN and xitaAmN are nearly the same in meaning; whence the reading of 'Alee, misokN ↓ xaAtamuhu: and the explanation is this; that when any one shall drink thereof, he will find the last cup thereof to have the odour of musk: Er-Rághib says that the meaning is, the end, and the last draught, i. e. what shall remain, thereof shall be in perfume [like] musk: and that the assertion that it means it shall be sealed with musk is nought. (TA.) [See also xaAtamN and xaAtimapN.] -A3- Also, (IAar, K,) and ↓ xaAtimN, (K,) or, accord. to IAar, ↓ xataAmN, (TA,) sings. of xutumN, which signifies (assumed tropical:) The places of separation (fuSuwS [q. v.]) of the joints (mafaASil) of horses. (IAar, K.) xaAtamN (JK, S, Msb, K) and xaA^otamN (TA) and ↓ xaAtimN, (S, Msb, K,) which is more commonly known than xaAtamN, (Msb, [but see what follows,]) and ↓ xaAtaAmN and ↓ xiytaAmN (JK, S, K, the last in the CK and TA ↓ xayotaAm) and ↓ xitaAmN (K and TA but omitted in the CK) and ↓ xatamN (ISd, IHsh, K) and ↓ xatomN (Ez-Zeyn El-'Irákee, TA) and ↓ xayotamo (Ibn-Málik, TA) and ↓ xayotuwmN (EzZeyn El-'Irákee, TA) and ↓ xaAtiyaAmN (K) signify the same; (JK, S, Msb, K, TA;) [A signet; generally a signet-ring; i. e.] a certain ornament (HaloYN, M, K) for the finger, (K,) app., at the first, used for sealing, or stamping, therewith; so that the word is of the same class as TaAbaEN: afterwards, in consequence of frequency of usage, applied to one not used for that purpose: (ISd, TA:) or a ring having a faS~ of a substance different therefrom [set in it; i. e., having a stone, or gem, set in it]: if without a faS~, it is called fataxapN: (Msb:) or ↓ xaAtimN signifies the agent [i. e. the person sealing, or stamping]: (JK, Az, Msb:) xaAtamN, the thing that is put upon the piece of clay [or wax, for the purpose of sealing, or stamping]: (Az, Msb, K:) the pl. [of xaAtamN and xaAtimN] is xawaAtimN (K) and [properly of xaAtaAmN] xawaAtiymu: (S, in which the former pl., though more common, is not mentioned, and K:) Sb says that those who use the latter pl. make it to be pl. of a sing. of the measure faAEaAlN, though it be not in their language; which shows that he knew not xaAtaAmN: the pl. of xatomN is xutuwmN. (TA.) ― -b2- xaAtamN also signifies A seal, or stamp, and a mark: so in a trad., in which it is said, A=miyna xaAtamu rab~i AlEaAlamiyna EalaY EibaAdihi Almuw^ominiyna, i. e. [A=miyna (or Amen) is] the seal, or stamp, and the mark, [of the Lord of the beings of the whole world upon his servants the believers,] which removes from them accidents, and causes of mischief; for the seal of the writing protects it, and precludes those who look from [seeing] what is within it. (TA.) ― -b3- See also xitaAmN, in seven places. [It is nearly syn. with xitaAmN, as Fr says: and thus,] it signifies also, (JK, K,) and so does ↓ xaAtimapN, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) The end, or last part or portion, (JK, S, K,) and result, or issue, (K,) of a thing (JK, S, K) of any kind: (JK, K:) ↓ the latter [particularly] signifies (assumed tropical:) the last part or portion (JK, Msb) of a chapter of the Kur-án, (JK,) and of the Kur-án itself: (Msb:) [and (assumed tropical:) a concluding chapter or section: an epilogue: and an appendix:] and ↓ muxotatamN signifies [in like manner] the contr. of mufotataHN; as in the saying, Alt~aHomiydu mufotataHu A@loquroA=ni wa A@liAsotiEaA*apu muxotatamuhu (assumed tropical:) [The declaration of the praises of God is the opening portion of the Kur-án, and the prayer for the protection of God is its closing portion]; (A, TA;) and it is a chaste word, of frequent occurrence, though the contr. has been asserted. (TA.) One says also, AlA^aEomaAlu bixawaAtiymihaA [Actions are characterized, or to be judged, as good or evil, by their results]. (TA.) ― -b4- Also, i. e. xaAtamN, of a mare, (tropical:) The lower ring (AlHaloqapu Ald~unoyaA [app. meaning the extremity, in which is the orifice, see HaloqataA Alr~aHimi and Haloqapu Ald~uburi, in art. Hlq,]) of the Tuboyap [evidently here used as a dial. var. of TuboY, i. e. the teat, though I do not find it mentioned in its proper art. in any lexicon; unless mino TuboyatihaA be a mistranscription for mn TuboyihaA]: (K, TA:) so called by way of comparison [to a signet or seal]. (TA.) ― -b5- And (tropical:) The hollow (nuqorap) of the back of the neck; (JK, K, TA;) which is the cuppingplace. (TA.) ― -b6- And (assumed tropical:) The least waDaH [or whiteness] of the legs (JK, K, TA) of horses; (JK, TA;) i. e. a slight whiteness in the parts next the hoof, less than what is termed taxodiymN. (TA.) : see xitaAmN. : see xaAtamN, in two places: ― -b2- and see also xitaAmN, in five places. : see xaAtamN, first sentence. : see xaAtamN, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph. : see xaAtamN, first sentence. : see xaAtamN, first sentence. : see xaAtamN, first sentence. : see xaAtamN, first sentence. : see xaAtamN, first sentence. : see 5. You say, maA A^aHosana taxotimatahu [How good, or beautiful, is his act, or mode, of putting on the turban! or, of putting it on in the manner of the niqaAb !]. (Ez-Zejjájee, TA.) Sealed, or stamped, &c., much. (S, * TA.) ― -b2- Applied to a horse, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) Having the whiteness of the legs which is termed xaAtamN. (K, TA.) [See the latter word, last sentence.]) Sealed, or stamped, &c. (S, * TA.) ― -b2- Also The [measure commonly called] SaAE: (A'Obeyd, Mgh, K:) or the sixth part of the [measure called] qafiyz. (Mgh in art. kr. [It is there added that the qfyz is the tenth part of the jariyb: but it seems that this is the qfyz which is a measure of land; not what is here meant in the explanation of mxtwm, which is a measure of corn and the like.]) [Pl. maxaAtiymu.] : see xaAtamN, in the latter half of the paragraph. xtn , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. (Msb, K) and , (K, TA, but omitted in the CK,) inf. n. xatonN, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He circumcised (K, TA) a boy, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and a girl also: or, as some say, xatonN relates to men [or boys], and xafoDN to women [or girls]. (TA.) xutina: see 8. ― -b2- And ↓ xitaAnN [which see below, app. as an inf. n. of which the verb is as above,] signifies The making a feast, or banquet, to which people are invited, on account of a wedding, and of a circumcision also. (KL.) ― -b3- [And accord. to Golius, as on the authority of a gloss. in the KL, xatana also signifies He diminished; he rendered imperfect: and he acted unjustly.] -A2- xatanahu is also syn. with xatalahu [He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him, unawares]: and ↓ muxaAtanapN is syn. with muxaAtalapN [which signifies in like manner the act of deceiving, deluding, &c.; or practising mutual deceit, &c.; or striving, endeavouring, or desiring, to deceive, &c.]. (TA.) He allied himself to him by marriage; syn. tazaw~aja A_ilayohi. (K.) muxaAtanapN is syn. with muSaAharapN [The becoming that kind of relation that is termed Sihor]: (ISh, Mgh:) as some say, mSAhrp on the side of the wife, and on the side of the husband: so that one says xaAtanotuhumo as meaning SaAharotuhumo [I became a relation to them on the side of the wife, and on the side of the husband]. (Msb.) -A2- See also 1, last sentence. He (a boy) was circumcised; (TA;) syn. ↓ xutina: or he circumcised himself; syn. xatana nafosahu. (Mgh.) i. q. SihorN, (Lth, Mgh, K, &c.,) as meaning A man married among a people: (Lth, Mgh:) [such a man is said to be that people's xatan:] or any relation on the side of the wife; (S, IAar, Mgh, Msb, K;) such as a man's wife's father, (Lth, IAar, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and wife's mother, (Lth, Mgh,) and wife's brother, (IAar, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and the like; (K;) so it signifies with the Arabs: (S, Mgh, Msb:) thus Aboo-Bekr was the Prophet's xtn, and so was 'Omar: (Mgh, TA:) and [it is said that] with the vulgar it signifies a man's daughter's husband: (S, Mgh, Msb:) but it is used in this sense by a rájiz; and, in a trad., 'Alee is called the Prophet's xtn: (TA:) accord. to Az, it signifies a man's wife's father: (Msb:) and xatanapN is applied to the female; and means a man's wife's mother: (Az, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) the pl. is A^axotaAnN: (Az, S, Mgh, Msb, K:) accord. to As, (Mgh,) the A^axotaAn are [the relations] on the side of the wife; and the A^aHomaA=', on the side of the husband; and the A^aSohaAr, on either side: (Mgh, Msb:) or a man's AxtAn are his wife's relations; and a woman's AxtAn are her husband's relations: and a man's AxtAn are also said to be his daughters' husbands and sisters' husbands and paternal aunts' husbands and maternal aunts' husbands, and the husbands of any women whom, by reason of relationship, it is unlawful for him to marry, and any relations on the side of these husbands to whom marriage is unlawful, of men and of women. (Mgh.) Circumcision, of a boy, (S, * Mgh, * Msb, * K, TA,) and of a girl; (TA;) a subst. from 1 in the first of the senses explained above; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ xitaAnapN. (S, Msb, K.) You say, ↓ A^uToHirato xitaAnatuhu His circumcision was made to be extirpative. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And A feast, or banquet, to which people are invited on account of a circumcision. (JK, S, TA.) You say, kunotu fiY xitaAni fulaAnK I was at the feast, or banquet, &c., of such a one. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 1, third sentence. ― -b4- Also The part, of the male, which is the place of circumcision; (T, S, Mgh, K;) and of the female likewise; (T, Mgh, TA;) the part, of the faroj, which is the place of circumcision. (Msb.) Hence, in a trad., A_i*aA A@lotaqaY AlxitaAnaAni [When the two places of circumcision meet together]: (S, * Msb, * TA:) AilotiqaA='u AlxitaAnayoni is a euphemism, metonymically denoting the disappearing, or causing to disappear, of the part of the penis that is above, or beyond, the place of circumcision (Mgh, * Msb, TA) in the vulva of the woman. (Mgh, * TA.) : see xutuwnapN. Circumcised, applied to a boy, (Msb, K, TA,) as also ↓ maxotuwnN (JK, Msb, K) and ↓ muxotatinN; (TA;) and to a girl likewise, (Msb, TA,) as also ↓ maxotuwnapN. (Msb.) : see xitaAnN, in two places. ― -b2- Also The art, or business, of circumcising. (JK, K, TA. [In the CK, Aw AlxitAnapu is erroneously put for waAlxtAnp.]) The alliance by which one acquires the relationship of a xatan, (Az, Mgh,) or of a Sihor; (K;) as also ↓ xutuwnN. (Az, Mgh, K.) And A man's marrying, or taking to wife, a woman. (K.) A circumciser. (JK, * Msb, * TA.) A lady, or noble woman; a foreign word, (K, TA,) used by the Persians and Turks: pl. xawaAtiynu. (TA.) ; and its fem., with p: see xatiynN. ― -b2- EaAmN maxotuwnN (tropical:) A year of drought, or barrenness, or dearth. (A, TA.) : see xatiynN. xvr , (S, Msb, K,) aor. ; (S, Msb;) and xavura, aor. , (S, A, Msb, K,) a rare dial. var.; (Fr, S;) and xavira, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb,) a form heard by Ks; (S;) inf. n. (of the first, TA) xavorN and xuvuwrN and xavaraAnN, (K, TA,) which last is irregular, because this word does not imply motion, (TA,) [but this assertion requires consideration,] and (of the second [accord. to rule], TA, or of the first, Msb, [or used as inf. n. of the first because it is the most common form,]) xuvuwrapN (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of the second accord. to rule] xavaArapN (K) and of the third xavarN; (Msb, TA;) [and probably ↓ txv~r, (mentioned by Freytag, though without any indication of his authority,) as quasi-pass. of xav~arahu; but I have more than once found it erroneously written for txt~r, which has a different signification;] it (milk, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, and honey, and the like, TA, and a liniment or the like, A, or some other thing, Msb) was, or became, thick, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and strong. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xavarato nafosuhu, (S, K,) or xavirato, (A,) or xavuratN, (Mgh,) inf. n. xuvuwrN and xavaArapN, but not, as some write it, xuvaArapN, (TA,) (tropical:) His soul [or stomach] heaved, became agitated by a tendency to vomit, or became heavy; (A, Mgh, K, TA;) as also xavara alone; (IAar, TA;) became disordered; syn. AixotalaTato. (S, K.) ― -b3- And xavara; (S;) or xavira, aor. ; (K;) or xavira fiY AlHaY~i; (A;) (tropical:) He remained among the tribe, (S, A, K,) not going forth with people to procure wheat or corn or other provisions, (S, K,) by reason of shame, or of heaviness of the soul [or stomach]. (TA.) ― -b4- And xavira (assumed tropical:) He felt, or had a sense of, or he was, or became, moved or affected with, shame, shyness, bashfulness, or honest shame. (K.) see 4. ; (Msb, K;) and ↓ xv~rhu, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. taxoviyrN; (TA;) He thickened it; made it thick, (Msb, A, K,) and strong; (Msb;) namely, milk, (A, Msb, K,) and honey, and the like, (TA,) and a liniment or the like, (A,) or some other thing. (Msb.) ― -b2- And the former signifies also He left it in a thick state; namely, fresh butter; (As, S, K;) not melting it. (As, S.) It is said in a prov., maA yadoriY A^ayuxoviru A^amo yu*iybu [He knows not whether to leave in a thick state or to melt]: (S K; in one copy of the former of which, the fem. forms of the verbs are used:) applied to him who is confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, and who wavers, or vacillates: its origin being this: a woman melts fresh butter, and what is thick thereof becomes mixed with what is thin, and she is vexed and wearied by her case, and knows not whether to raise the fire with fuel, in order that it may become clear; fearing that, if she do so, it will burn: thus she is perplexed. (K.) see 1. and xavoraA='u AlAnfs: see xaAvirN. What remains upon a table of food. (S.) What remains (S, K) of a thing, (S,) or of milk: (K:) the dregs; lees; or thick, or turbid, portion that sinks to the bottom of a thing, beneath the clear portion. (TA in art. vfl.) You say, *ahaba Safowuhu wa baqiyato xuvaAratuhu [The clear part of it went away, and the thick part of it remained]. (A.) , applied to milk, (Mgh, Msb,) and to a liniment or the like, (A,) &c., (Msb,) Thick, or thickening, (A, Mgh, Msb,) and strong. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xaAviru Aln~afosi (tropical:) Having the soul [or stomach] in a heaving state, agitated by a tendency to vomit, or heavy: (TA:) or not in a good state: (A, Mgh:) and languid: (A:) and ↓ qawomN xavoraA='u AlA^anofusi (S, K) and AlA^anofusi ↓ xavoraY (K) a party disordered [in souls or stomachs]. (S, K.) And xaAvirapN (assumed tropical:) A woman feeling a little pain (K) and languor; as also ↓ muxov~irapN [or, more probably muxov~arapN]. (TA.) [fem. of xaAvirN, q. v. -A2- And also, as a subst.,] (tropical:) A party of men: (K, TA:) or (tropical:) a dense body of men. (A, TA.) : see xaAvirN. xvY , aor. yaxoviY, inf. n. xavoYN, said of a beast of the ox-kind, (JK, S, Msb, K,) or of a bull, but not [xavato] of a cow, (A 'Obeyd, TA,) and of an elephant, (K,) He dunged. (JK, S, Msb, K.) [See also xivoYN.] He (a man, TA) kindled [dry dung such as is called] xivoY. (K.) Dung of a beast of the ox-kind; (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ xavFY: (Msb:) or of a bull: (IAar, TA:) and of the elephant: (K:) and metaphorically, of the camel; as used in a trad.: or, accord. to AZ, compact dung of a beast of the ox-kind, and of the sheep or goat, and of any cloven-hoofed animal, and of the camel: (TA:) pl. A^axovaA='N [a pl. of pauc.] (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xaviY~N, (CK, [a quasi-pl. n. like EabiydN,]) or xiviY~N, (K accord. to the TA, [like HiniY~N, q. v., a pl. of HinowN,]) and xuviY~N [originally xuvuwYN], (K,) these two from Fr. (TA.) ― -b2- xivoYN also signifies (assumed tropical:) A number of people in a state of dispersion: (Sgh, TA:) or so xivoYN mina Aln~aAsi. (JK.) : see the next preceding paragraph. , (JK, TA,) so in the Tekmileh, (TA,) [or mixovFA accord. to the CK, there, with the article, written AlmixovA,] or ↓ mixovaA='N, (K accord. to the TA,) The [kind of pouch called] xariyTp, (JK, K,) and small [bag such as is termed] jiraAb, (JK,) of the gatherer of [wild] honey, (JK, K,) which he puts beneath the part between his armpit and his flank, (TA,) and in which he deposits the honey. (JK.) : see what next precedes. xjl , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xajalN, (S, Msb, &c.,) but not xajaAlapN, [though authorized by the KL, in my copy of which I find it thus written (not xijaAlapN as written by Golius),] for this is a vulgar mistake for xajalapN or xajolN, (Mgh, [so in my copy, but correctly ↓ xajalapN (which may be either a simple subst. or an inf. n. of un.) or xajalN,]) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of shame: (S, O:) or he was, or became, ashamed, and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, (T, M, K,) [or, simply, ashamed, (see xajilN,)] in consequence of a deed that he had done: (T, M, TA:) thus Alxajalu has a more particular signification than AlHayaA='u: (TA:) or it is like AlAisotiHoyaA='u. (Msb.) ― -b2- And He remained silent, (T, K,) or still, (M,) not speaking nor moving. (K.) ― -b3- And He was, or became, in a confused and dubious case, (JK, M, * K, *) so that he knew not how to extricate himself from it. (M, K.) ― -b4- Also, said of a camel, (tropical:) He went in mud, and became like him who is confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: (JK, * M, K, TA:) or he stuck fast in mire. (T, TA.) ― -b5- And in like manner, (assumed tropical:) He became agitated, or convulsed, or he struggled, or floundered, with his load: (JK:) or xajila biAloHimoli he was oppressed by the load, (K, TA,) so that he was agitated, or convulsed, or he struggled, or floundered, beneath it. (TA.) ― -b6- And, said of a plant, or of herbage, (tropical:) It was, or became, tall, and tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense; (ISd, K, TA;) and so ↓ Axjl said of the kind of trees termed HayoD. (JK, K.) ― -b7- [And, as inf. n. of xajila,] xajalN also signifies The bearing richness ill; as when, being rich, one exults, or exults greatly or excessively, and behaves insolently and unthankfully: (S, * K:) or the taking a wide, or an ample, range, or being profuse, when rich. (TA.) It is related in a trad. that he [Mohammad] said to the women, A_i*aA juEotun~a wa A_i*aA $abiEotun~a xajilotun~a, (S, * TA,) i. e. When ye are hungry, ye become lowly, humble, or submissive, and cleave to the dust, or earth; (S and TA in art. dqE;) or ye bear poverty ill: (TA in the present art.;) and when ye are satiated, [ye bear richness ill; or] ye exult, or exult greatly or excessively, and behave insolently and unthankfully. (S in the present art.) [See also a verse of El-Kumeyt cited in the first paragraph of art. dqE.] ― -b8- And i. q. baramN [The being affected with disgust, loathing, or aversion; the being vexed, grieved, disquieted by grief, &c.] (K, TA. [In the CK, Albaromu is erroneously put for Albaramu.]) ― -b9- And The being remiss in seeking subsistence. (K.) ― -b10- And The being lazy, or indolent: (Az, ISd, K:) from the verb in the sense explained in the second sentence of this paragraph. (TA.) ― -b11- And i. q. [The being bad, corrupt, &c.]. (M, K.) ― -b12- Also, in a shirt, (assumed tropical:) The being much slit, or rent, in the lower parts, or skirts. (Fr, K.) see what next follows. (S, Msb, K) i. q. ↓ xj~lhu, (Msb, * K, TA,) inf. n. taxojiylN; (TA;) He, (S,) or it, namely, an affair, or event, (TA,) caused him to become confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of shame: (S in explanation of the former:) [or caused him to become ashamed, and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, in consequence of a deed that he had done: (see 1:)] or he said to him xajilota. (Msb. [But it is not clear whether this meaning be there assigned to both of these verbs, or only to the latter of them.]) -A2- See also 1. part. n. of xajila; (Msb;) [Confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of shame: or ashamed, and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, in consequence of a deed that he has done: or, simply,] ashamed. (S, Msb. *) ― -b2- [Other meanings are shown by explanations of the verb.] ― -b3- Applied to herbage, (tropical:) Tall, (K, TA,) and tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, and goodly, and ISd adds, full-grown: and ↓ muxojilN [in like manner], applied to the kind of trees termed HamoD, dense, or tangled, and tall: or, applied to herbage, or pasturage, wide, abundant, full-grown, that detains one so that he stays among it, not passing beyond. (TA.) ― -b4- And, applied to a place, and a valley, (assumed tropical:) Abounding with tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, herbage: (S:) or, applied to a valley, (JK, K,) as also ↓ muxojilN, (K,) (tropical:) exceedingly abundant in herbage: (K, TA:) or tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, therewith; (JK, K, TA;) resounding with the humming of flies. (JK.) ― -b5- Also, applied to a garment, (assumed tropical:) Wide and long: (ISh, K:) or ample: or such that the wearer is impeded and clogged therein: (TA:) and, so applied, (assumed tropical:) old, and worn out: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) much slit, or rent, in the lower parts, or skirts. (Fr, TA.) ― -b6- And, applied to a jul~ [or horse-cloth, or covering for a beast], (ISh, K,) [or] such as is put upon a camel, (ISh,) That moves to and fro, or from side to side, (ISh, K,) upon the camel, (ISh,) or upon the horse, (K,) by reason of its width. (ISh.) : see 1: [it seems to be most probably a subst. signifying Confusion, or perplexity, and inability to see one's right course, by reason of shame: or shame, and confusion, or perplexity, and inability to see one's right course, in consequence of a deed that one has done: or simply,] i. q. HayaA='N [shame, or a sense of shame, &c.]. (S.) : see xajilN, in two places. xd , aor. , (S,) or xad~a fiY AlA^aroDi, (A,) [aor., if accord. to rule, ,] inf. n. xad~N, (T,) He furrowed, or trenched, or clave, the ground; (S, L;) he made a furrow, or trench, [or furrows, or trenches,] in the ground. (T, A.) The latter (xd~ fY AlArD) is also said of a torrent, meaning It furrowed, or clave, the ground by its course. (L.) ― -b2- xad~a, (L,) inf. n. , (L, K,) also signifies He, or it, marked, scored, or impressed, a thing: (L:) and made a mark or marks, or an impression or impressions, upon a thing. (L, K. *) You say, xad~a Alfarasu AlA^aroDa biHawaAfirihi The horse marked, or scored, [or furrowed,] the ground with his hoofs. (L.) And xad~a Ald~amoEu fiY xad~ihi The tears made marks upon his cheeks. (L.) ― -b3- Also He (a camel) clave a thing with his nAb [or tush]. (L.) ― -b4- And He cut a thing. (IAar.) , (as in the S and K,) or xud~ida, (as in one place in the L,) [both of which may be correct, for the verb is said in the K to be both intrans. and trans.,] (tropical:) His flesh became contracted, shrunk, or wrinkled; (S, TA;) as also ↓ txd~d: (S, A, * K:) or his flesh wasted so that there appeared streaks upon his skin: (TA in art. xb:) or he (a beast) became lean, or lank, or light of flesh, or slender or lank in the belly, so that his flesh became furrowed, or wrinkled: and laHomuhu ↓ txd~d his flesh became flaccid and quivering, by reason of leanness. (L.) And xd~dhu (tropical:) It (travel) rendered him lean and wasted: (K:) and so evilness of state or condition. (A, * TA.) (tropical:) He opposed him, being opposed by him: (A:) or he was, or became, angered, or enraged, against him, and opposed him in his deed, or work. (K.) It (the ground) became furrowed, or cleft, by a torrent. (L in art. fSd.) ― -b2- See also 2, in two places. ― -b3- txd~d Alqawomu (tropical:) The people became divided into distinct bodies, or parties. (L in the present art.) (tropical:) They opposed each other. (A, TA.) , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) of the masc. gender (Lh, K) only, (Lh,) and ↓ xud~apN, with damm, (K,) but the latter is rare, (TA,) The cheek; the part extending from the circuit of the eye (AlmaHojir [in the CK AlmiHojan]) to the part where the beard grows, on either side of the face: (L, Msb, K:) or from the outer angle of each eye to the extremity of the side of the mouth: or the part bordering upon the nose, on either side: (L, K:) each of the xad~aAni, in the face: (S:) pl. of the former xuduwdN: (Msb, TA:) it has no other pl. (TA.) ― -b2- The former is also sing. of xuduwdN meaning (tropical:) The planks on the right and left of the daf~ataAni [or two boards that lie against the camels' sides] of the [vehicles termed] hawaAdij (As, A, TA) and gubuT: (As, TA:) or xad~N signifies the plank (SafiyHap) of the hawodaj: and the pl. is A^axid~apN, (K,) [a pl. of pauc., but] contr. to rule, (TA,) and (pl. of mult., TA) xidaAdN and xid~aAnN. (K.) ― -b3- Also (tropical:) A side, or lateral portion, of a [tract of high and rugged ground such as is termed] quf~. (A, TA.) ― -b4- And (tropical:) An assembly, a company, or a congregated body, (K, TA,) of men: (TA:) a rank, or class, of men: (A, L:) and a race, or generation, of men. (L.) You say, raA^ayotu xad~FA mina Aln~aAsi (assumed tropical:) I saw a rank, or class, of men. (L.) And qatalonaA, (A,) or qatalahumo, (L,) xad~FA faxad~FA, (A, L,) (tropical:) We slew, (A,) or he slew them, (L,) rank after rank, (A, L,) and class after class. (A.) And maDaYa xad~N mina Aln~aAsi (assumed tropical:) A race, or generation, of men passed away. (L.) -A2- A road. (IAar, K.) ― -b2- See also A^uxoduwdN, in four places. : see A^uxoduwdN, in four places: -A2- and see also xad~N. : see A^uxoduwdN. A mark made with a hot iron upon the cheek (S, A, K) of a camel. (A.) A furrow, trench, or channel, in the ground; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ xad~N (A, K) and ↓ xud~apN: (K:) a deep trench in the ground; as also ↓ xad~N: applied in the Kur [lxxxv. 4] to a deep trench into which, it being filled with fire, some believers in the true God were cast by some idolaters among whom they dwelt: (TA:) a hole, hollow, cavity, pit, or the like, dug, or excavated; (Msb;) as also ↓ xud~apN: (S:) pl. A^axaAdiydu: (A, Msb:) the pl. of ↓ xad~N is xuduwdN; (A;) and the pl. of ↓ xud~apN is xudadN. (TA.) ― -b2- A rivulet, or streamlet; syn. jadowalN; (Msb;) as also ↓ xad~N; (L, K;) of which the pl. [of pauc.] is A^axid~apN, contr. to rule; and of mult. xidaAdN and xid~aAnN. (L.) ― -b3- A^axaAdiydu and ↓ xadadN [the latter probably a mistranscription for xudadN, pl. of ↓ xud~apN,] The main or middle parts, or open or obvious tracks, ($arak,) of a road: (L:) [because furrowed by the feet of beasts and men.] ― -b4- A^axaAdiydu AlA^aro$iyapi The furrows, or grooves, of wellropes, in a well; made by drawing them. (L.) ― -b5- A^axaAdiydu Als~iyaATi The marks of whips; (K;) the furrows made by whips upon the back. (L.) ― -b6- DarobapN A^uxoduwdN, (S,) or Darobapu A^uxoduwdK, (so in a copy of the A,) (tropical:) A blow, or stroke, or beating, that furrows the skin. (S, A, * TA.) Each of the tushes, or canine teeth; the two together being termed the mixad~aAni. (L.) [A pillow, or cushion]: so called because it is put beneath the cheek: (S, A, Msb:) pl. maxaAd~u. (A, Msb.) -A2- Also An iron implement with which the ground is furrowed, trenched, or cleft. (S, L.) A camel having the mark called xidaAd made upon his cheek. (S, A.) (tropical:) A man (L) lean, or emaciated; (S, L;) having little flesh. (L.) And the fem., with p, (tropical:) A woman fat but wasted in body [so that she is furrowed, or wrinkled]. (L.) xdb , (S, K,) aor. , inf. n. xadobN, (TA,) He smote him with a sword: (S, K:) or he cut him: (AZ:) or he smote him with a sword, cutting the flesh, without cutting the bone: (T, K:) or he smote him on the head, (JK, K, * TA,) and the like, (JK, TA,) with a sword. (JK.) ― -b2- xadobN signifies also The act of rending, or cutting open, the skin and the flesh together, (JK, S, TA.) with the canine tooth. (JK, TA.) ― -b3- And The act of biting. (K.) You say, xadabatohu AlHay~apu The serpent bit him. (S.) ― -b4- And The act of lying, or saying what is untrue. (K.) You say, xadaba He lied. (JK, S.) ― -b5- And The act of milking much. (K.) He went a middling pace. (As, K.) Stupidity; (JK;) i. q. hawajN [which means the same; or tallness combined with stupidity; &c.]: (S, K:) and [simply] tallness, or length; (S, * K, TA;) as also ↓ xudobapN. (TA.) One says, kaAna binaEaAmapa xadabN There was, in Na'ámeh, hawaj [i. e. stupidity, &c.]: (S, TA:) Na'ámeh being the surname of Beyhes, (TA,) who became the subject of a prov. respecting the taking of blood-revenge: (K in art. bhs:) Beyhes El-Fezáree, surnamed En-Na'ámeh, [or simply Na'ámeh,] was one of seven brothers, who were slain [in a case of blood-revenge], except himself; he being left because of his stupidity; for which he became proverbial. (TA in art. bhs.) One says also, fiY lisaAnihi [He is long-tongued; lit.] in his tongue is length. (S.) ― -b2- Also The act of making haste. (KL.) Cutting; or sharp: (IAar, K:) applied to a sword, and a spear-head, and a dog-tooth. (IAar.) -A2- See also A^axodabu, in three places. : see xadabN. [They fell into the valley of Khadibát]: a prov., applied to a man who falls into perdition; or to one who misses the object of his aim, or pursuit: (As, K: *) see, respecting it, [ja*abaAt, in] art. j*b. (TA.) An old man. (A, K.) Great, big, or bulky; (S, A, K;) applied to a man, (S,) or to an ostrich, &c.; (K;) fem. with p, applied to a girl: (S:) great, and thick or coarse or rude [in make]: (TA:) big in the sides: (Ham p. 439:) big and strong; applied to an old man: (JK:) a man, and a camel, perfect and strong in make: (A:) a camel strong and hardy (A, K, TA) and big. (TA.) , (JK, TA,) or $aj~apN xaAdibapN, (TA,) A severe wound breaking the head. (JK, TA.) , (S, K,) or ↓ xayodabapN, (JK,) A conspicuous road: (JK, S, K:) so says Esh-Sheybánee. (S.) ― -b2- And the latter, A way of acting or conduct: so in the saying, fulaAnN EalaY xayodabapK SaAliHapK [Such a one is following a good, righteous, or just, way of acting or conduct]. (TA.) ― -b3- Opinion, judgment, or counsel: (K:) so in the saying, tarakotuhu waxayodabatahu [I forsook him and his counsel]. (TA.) ― -b4- One's first, or original, affair, concern, or business: (AZ, JK, S, K:) so in the saying, A^aqobilo EalaY xayodabatika [Apply thyself to thy first, or thine original, affair, &c.] (AZ, JK, S.) : see the next preceding paragraph. (S, K) and ↓ xadibN (JK) and ↓ mutaxad~ibN (S, K,) applied to a man, (JK, S,) Stupid; (JK;) characterized by hawaj [i. e. stupidity, or tallness combined with stupidity, &c.]; (S, K;) and [simply] by tallness: (K: [in which A^axodabu is said to be syn. with TawiylN:]) fem. [of the first], applied to a woman, xadobaA='u: (S:) and the first, one who cannot restrain himself, by reason of stupidity: (TA:) and the same, (K,) or ↓ xadibN, (JK,) one who goes his own way, at random, or heedlessly, without any certain aim or object, or without consideration, not obeying a guide to the right course, (JK, K, TA,) by reason of ignorance, (JK,) or from boldness. (TA.) ― -b2- Also [the fem.] xadobaA='u, applied to any [she-] animal, That is wont to wound, and kill, and seize its prey and break its neck. (IAar.) And HarobapN xadobaA='u and ↓ xadibapN [A dart, or javelin,] that inflicts a wide wound. (K.) And TaEonapN xadobaA='u, (S,) and DarobapN xadobaA='u, (K,) [A thrust, and a blow,] with which the jawof [or belly, &c.,] is assaulted: (S, K:) or the former, a wide thrust or wound with a spear or the like: and the latter, a continuous and long act of beating. (TA.) ― -b3- And diroEN xadobaA='u A coat of mail that is smooth, or pliable, (lay~inapN, JK, S, K,) and (so in the JK, but in the K “ or ” ) wide. (JK, K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. xdj , aor. (S, Msb, K) and , (K,) inf. n. xidaAjN, (S, K, *) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) She (a camel, AZ, S, Msb, K, and any cloven-hoofed or solid-hoofed animal, AZ, Msb, TA, or sometimes another female, TA) cast her young one before the completion of the days of gestation, (AZ, IKt, S, Msb, K,) to which IKoot adds, (Msb,) even if it were completely formed; (S, Msb;) as also xadajato waladahaA; (IKtt, Msb;) and ↓ xd~jt, inf. n. taxodiyjN: (TA:) or, as some say, she cast her young one when her pregnancy had become apparent, between the commencement of its formation and the period a little before the completion; as also ↓ Axdjt waladahaA; but see the latter verb below: (Msb:) or she (a camel) cast her young one in a defective state, before the time: or without any hair upon it: or miscarried, bringing forth merely blood: and Thábit mentions the last but one of these significations as relating to a human being: (TA:) or you say of a woman, xadajato waladahaA and ↓ A^axodajatohu in one and the same sense, (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA,) meaning she cast her fœtus in such a state that its form had become apparent: and xadajato she miscarried, bringing forth merely blood: when she has brought it forth before its hair has grown, one says of her gaDanato: so says Az. (TA.) ― -b2- And xadaja (tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, deficient in a limb, or member. (A.) ― -b3- See also 4, in two places. see 1. She (a camel) brought forth her young one imperfectly formed, (S, Mgh, K,) even if the period of gestation were complete: (S, K:) or so Axdjt waladahaA: and the former, she brought forth her young one imperfectly formed at the completion of the period: (IKt, Msb:) or she brought forth her young one completely formed before the proper time of bringing forth. (TA.) See also 1, in two places. ― -b2- Hence, (TA,) Axdjt Al$~atowapN, (IAar, S,) or AlS~ayofapu, (K,) (tropical:) [The winter, or the spring or summer (but more probably the former),] had little rain. (IAar, S, K, TA.) And Axdjt Alz~anodapu, (T, TA,) or ↓ xadajat, (TA,) (tropical:) [The lower of the two wooden instruments for producing fire] failed to emit fire. (T, TA.) And Axdj (tropical:) He rendered a man defective in a limb, or member: said of God. (A.) And (tropical:) He performed incompletely his prayer; (Es-Sara- kustee, A, Msb;) or so ↓ xadaja: (Msb:) and in like manner, (i. e. the former verb,) (assumed tropical:) a salutation: (TA, from a trad.:) and (tropical:) he performed unsoundly his affair: (A, TA:) and (tropical:) he formed unsoundly his opinion. (A.) : see muxodajN. inf. n. of 1 in the first of the senses explained above; (S, K; *) or a simple subst. therefrom; (Msb;) or a subst. from 4 in the first of the senses explained above. (Mgh.) See also mixodaAjN. ― -b2- And hence, (Msb,) (tropical:) Defect, or deficiency. (As, A, Mgh, Msb, TA.) ― -b3- SalaApN xidaAjN, (S, A, Mgh, K,) in which the latter word is an inf. n. used as an epithet, (A,) or for *aAtu xidaAjK, (Mgh, TA,) (tropical:) Prayer incompletely performed; (S, A, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ muxodajapN and ↓ xaAdijapN: (A:) applied in a trad. to prayer in which the Fátihah is not recited. (S, Mgh, TA.) And ↓ Haj~N A_ixodaAjN, in which [likewise] the latter word is for *uw A_ixodaAjK, or is an inf. n. used as an epithet, (assumed tropical:) Pilgrimage incompletely performed. (Har p. 392.) -A2- Also a pl. of xaduwjN. (TA.) : see xaAdijN: ― -b2- and see also muxodajN. The young one of a camel brought forth before the completion of the days [of gestation], (S, K,) even if it be completely formed; (S;) [and so, accord. to rule, ↓ maxoduwjN.] ― -b2- See also muxodajN. ― -b3- It is applied in a trad. respecting the poor-rate to A calf one year old, or under, that still follows its mother; resembling a xadiyj [properly so called] in the smallness of its limbs, and in its having less strength than a van~iY or a rubAEiY~. (TA.) A she-camel (or a female of another kind, TA) casting her young one before the completion of the days [of gestation], (S, A, K,) even if it be completely formed; (S, A;) as also ↓ xaduwjN, of which the pl. is xuduwjN and xidaAjN and xadaAy^iju: or a she-camel casting her young one in a defective state, before the time. (TA. [See 1, of which it is the act. part. n. And see also muxodijN.]) ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) A man deficient in a limb, or member. (A. [See also muxodajN.]) SalaApN xaAdijapN: see xidaAjN. : see xidaAjN. The young one of a camel brought forth imperfectly formed, even if the period of gestation have been completed; (IKt, S, A, K;) as also ↓ maxoduwjN (TA) and ↓ xadiyjN [q. v.] (A, TA) and ↓ xaduwjN and ↓ xidojN: (TA:) or brought forth completely formed before the proper time of bringing forth. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) A man made deficient in a limb, or member: (A:) or defective in make. (TA, from a trad. [See also xaAdijN.]) And muxodaju Alyadi (tropical:) A man deficient in the arm, or hand. (S, A, Mgh, K.) SalaApN muxodajapN: see xidaAjN. (S, A, K,) and muxodijapN (TA) A she-camel bringing forth her young one imperfectly formed, even if the period of gestation be complete: (S, A, K, TA:) or bringing forth her young one completely formed before the proper time of bringing forth. (TA. [See also xaAdijN.]) and ↓ *aAtu xidaAjK [A she-camel that usually casts her young before the completion of the days of gestation, even if completely formed: (see 1:) or] a she-camel that usually brings forth her young imperfectly formed, (A, TA,) even if at the proper time, (A,) or before the proper time: (TA:) or that usually brings forth her young completely formed before the proper time of bringing forth. (TA.) : see xadiyjN: and see also muxodajN. xdr , as intrans. vs.: see 4, in six places: -A2- and for the former, as a trans. v.: see 2, in two places. -A3- xadira, aor. , inf. n. xadarN, said of a limb, (Msb, K,) and of the body, (TA,) and xadirato, inf. n. as above, said of the leg or foot, (S, A,) and of the arm or hand, (TA,) It was, or became, benumbed, or torpid, or affected by a languidness, or laxity, (S, Msb, K,) or by a heaviness, (IAar,) and an impotence of exercising motion, (IAar, Msb,) or by a contraction of the sinews; (TA;) said of the leg or foot [&c.], it became asleep. (TA in art. bsr.) ― -b2- Also xadira, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He became languid from drinking wine or medicine. (TA: but only the inf. n. of the v. in this sense is there mentioned.) And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, lazy, or slothful, and languid. (K, * TA: but in this instance, also, only the inf. n. is mentioned.) And xadirato EiZaAmuhu (S, A) (tropical:) His bones became feeble. (A.) And xadirato Eayonuhu, (A,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) His eye became languid: (K, TA:) or became heavy, (A, K,) by reason of rubbing, (A,) or from a mote in it. (A, K.) ― -b3- And xadira, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) said of the day, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) It became intensely hot: ― -b4- and (assumed tropical:) intensely cold: (K, TA: [see also the part. n. xadirN:]) ― -b5- and (tropical:) it was, or became, calm; without wind, and without a breeze. (A, TA.) , (A, Msb,) inf. n. taxodiyrN; (K;) and ↓ Axdr, (A, Msb,) inf. n. A_ixodaArN; (K;) and ↓ xadara, (Msb,) inf. n. xadorN; (K;) He, (Msb,) or they, namely, her family, (A, Msb,) made a girl to keep herself behind, or within, the curtain; (A, Msb, K;) and kept her from menial employments and from going out to accomplish her wants. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xad~arato (assumed tropical:) She (a gazelle) concealed her young one in a covert of trees or the like, or in a hollow. (TA.) And ↓ Axdr (tropical:) It (a lurking-place) concealed a lion; (K, TA;) [as also ↓ xadara: (see maxoduwrN:)] and (assumed tropical:) it (anything) prevented a thing from being seen. (TA.) ― -b3- [And hence,] xd~r (assumed tropical:) It (rain) confined people in their houses or tents. (TA.) And ↓ Axdr (assumed tropical:) It (night) confined, detained, or withheld, a person. (TA.) -A2- See also 4, where it is app. a mistranscription for txd~r. -A3- xd~r (A) and ↓ Axdr (K) also signify It made a limb, (K,) and the body, (TA,) and a leg or foot, (A,) and an arm or a hand, (TA,) to become xadir, i. e. benumbed, &c. (A, K, TA. [See xadira.]) You say, xad~aratohu AlmaqaAEidu, meaning Long sitting [lit. the sitting-places] made his legs, or feet, to be in that state. (A, TA.) [He acted covertly with me]. (A, TA. [In both, yuxaAdiruniY is coupled with yusaAtiruniY.]) She (a girl) kept herself behind, or within, the curtain; (Es-Sarakustee, Msb;) as also ↓ txd~rt, (A, TA,) and ↓ Axtdrt, and fiY xidorihaA ↓ xadarato. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] ↓ txd~r [in the CK ↓ xd~r (app. a mistranscription)] and ↓ Axtdr (assumed tropical:) He concealed, or hid, himself; (K, TA;) as also ↓ xadira, like fariHa [in measure]: (TA:) whence the saying, AlqaArapu biAls~araAbi ↓ Aixotadarati, i. e. [The small isolated mountain, or the like,] became concealed by the mirage. (TA.) [Hence also,] Axdr (tropical:) He (a lion) kept himself in his lurking-place; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ xadira and ↓ xadara, (TA,) or xadara fiY Eariynihi. (A, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) It (a bird) remained in its nest. (S.) And (assumed tropical:) He (a man) remained, stayed, or abode; (S, K;) bimakaAnK in a place; as also ↓ xadara, inf. n. xadorN; (K;) and fiY A^aholihi among his family. (S.) And ↓ xadara, (S,) inf. n. xadorN (K,) (assumed tropical:) He (a gazelle) remained behind the herd; not going with it: (S, K:) and he (a beast) remained behind; not overtaking, or coming up with, the others. (TA.) And AxdrwA (assumed tropical:) They entered upon night [and so became concealed from view]. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) They entered upon a day of rain, and of clouds or mist, and of wind: (K:) or rain came upon them. (S.) -A2- Axdr as a trans. v.: see 2, in four places. see 4, in two places. see 4, in three places. A curtain (S, A, Msb, K) that is extended for a girl in a part of a house, or chamber, or tent; as also ↓ A^uxoduwrN: (K:) and hence, (M,) any chamber, or house, or tent, or the like, that conceals a person: (M, K:) or a chamber, or house, or tent, in which is a woman; not otherwise: (Msb:) pl. [of mult.] xuduwrN (A, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] A^axodaArN, and pl. pl. [i. e. pl. of the latter of these two, or pl. of A^uxoduwrN,] A^axaAdiyru. (K.) ― -b2- [And hence, A vehicle composed of] pieces of wood set up over the saddle (qatab) of the camel, and curtained with a piece of cloth; (K;) i. e. a hawodaj. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] (tropical:) The lurking-place of a lion. (S, K, TA.) ― -b4- See also what next follows. : inf. n. of xadira [q. v.]. (Msb, K.) -A2- Also, and ↓ xidorN, (assumed tropical:) The darkness of night: (K:) or darkness absolutely; as also ↓ xudorapN: (TA:) or this last signifies intense darkness: (K TA:) or, accord. to some, the night consists of five divisions, sudofapN and sutofapN and hajomapN and yaEofuwrN and xudorapN; so that this last signifies the last [of five divisions] of the night: or, accord. to Kr, the division next before this is called haziyEN. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A dark place: (K:) or a dark, and low or depressed, place. (Ham p. 234.) ― -b3- See also xudaAriY~N. ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) Rain: (S, K:) or clouds, or mist, and rain. (ISk.) -A3- See also xudorapN. : see xudaAriY~N. , applied to a limb, Affected with xadar, or numbness, &c. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] EayonN xadirapN and ↓ xadoraA='u (tropical:) An eye in a languid state: or heavy, by reason of rubbing, or from a mote in it. (TA.) And yaEofuwrN xadirN (tropical:) [A gazelle, or young gazelle, &c., with languid eyes,] as though drowsy, (S, A,) by reason of the motionless state of its eye, and its weakness. (A.) ― -b3- yawomN xadirN (assumed tropical:) A day intensely hot: (Lth:) ― -b4- and [intensely cold: (see xadira:) or] cold and damp: (TA:) or damp: (S:) or rainy, and cloudy or misty: (Az:) and layolapN xadirapN (assumed tropical:) A night cold and damp: (TA:) or damp. (S.) ― -b5- See also xudaAriY~N. (assumed tropical:) A rain. (TA.) [i. q. ↓ xadarN (inf. n. of xadira) as meaning Numbness, &c., or] heaviness of a leg, and inability thereof to walk. (IAar.) ― -b2- See also xadarN. (assumed tropical:) A black ass: (K:) as though a rel. n. from xudorapu All~ayoli [The darkness, or intense darkness, of night]. (TA. [See also xudaAriY~N.]) : see xaAdirN, in two places. (tropical:) A dark night; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ A^axodaru (K) and ↓ muxodirN (A) and ↓ xadirN and ↓ xadarN and ↓ xadurN. (K.) (assumed tropical:) A black cloud. (S.) (assumed tropical:) A camel intensely black: (S, K:) fem. with p. (S. [See also xudoriY~N.]) (tropical:) Black hair. (A.) And xudaAriy~apN Al$~aEari (tropical:) A black-haired girl. (A.) ― -b2- xudaAriy~apN also signifies (assumed tropical:) An eagle; (S, K;) because of its colour; (S;) i. e. its intense blackness. (IB.) In the following verse, kaA^an~a EuqaAbFA xudaAriy~apF tuna$~iru fiY Aljaw~i minohaA janaAHaA [which may be rendered, As though a black eagle spread in the sky its wing], Th says that the poet may mean, by EuqaAbFA, the bird [so called], or a banner, or garments of the kind called A^aboraAd, which they spread over them. (TA.) (S, A, K) and ↓ muxodirN (A, TA) [originally Keeping behind, or within, the xidor, or curtain. ― -b2- And hence,] (tropical:) A lion keeping, or abiding, in his lurking-place: (A, * K, * TA:) or entering into it. (S, TA.) And the former, and ↓ xaduwrN, (assumed tropical:) A gazelle remaining behind the herd; not going with it: and (assumed tropical:) a beast that remains behind; not overtaking, or coming up with, the others: and ↓ xaduwrN likewise signifies (assumed tropical:) a camel that is in the rear of the other camels; that remains behind them, and when it sees them go on, goes on with them. (TA.) -A2- xaAdirN signifies also (assumed tropical:) Languid, and lazy, or slothful. (S.) ― -b2- And (tropical:) A gazelle having feeble bones. (TA.) : [fem. xadoraA='u:] see xudaAriY~N. -A2- EayonN xadoraA='u: see xadirN. -A3- banaAtu AlA^axodari: see what next follows. A wild ass: (S, K:) so called from a certain stallion named AlA^axodaru: (TA:) some say, (TA,) this was a horse, (A, TA,) belonging to Ardasheer, that became wild: (A:) and some say that he was an ass: or so called in relation to El-'Irák, but ISd says, I know not how this is: (TA:) the pl. is A^axodariy~aAtN; (A;) and banaAtu ↓ AlA^axodari is used as a pl.; (TA;) and [in like manner] bnAt AlA^axodariY~i means the [wild] she-asses. (TA in art. bnY.) ― -b2- AlA^axodariy~apu A certain race of horses: so called from a stallion named A^axodaru. (K.) : see xidorN. and muxodarapN: see muxad~arapN. : see xaAdirN: ― -b2- and muxad~arapN: -A2- and see also xudaAriY~N. (S, A, K) and ↓ muxodarapN and ↓ maxoduwrapN (K) A girl kept behind, or within, the curtain. (S, A, K.) ― -b2- And muxad~arN (TA) and ↓ maxoduwrN (A, TA) A curtained [vehicle of the kind called] hawodaj. (A, TA.) ― -b3- [And hence,] ↓ maxoduwrN and ↓ muxodarN (in some copies of the K and in the TA muxodarN and ↓ muxodirN) (tropical:) A lion concealed in his lurking-place. (K, TA.) and maxoduwrapN: see what next precedes, in three places. xd$ , (Az, S, A, &c.,) aor. xado$N, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. xado$N, (Mgh, Msb,) He scratched him, or it, (namely, the face, Az, S, Mgh,) with the nails, so as to cause bleeding or not; (Az, S, * Mgh, TA;) i. q. xama$ahu: (Az, A, K, TA:) he wounded him in the outer skin, so as to make it bleed or not: (Msb:) he lacerated it, namely, the skin, (A, K,) little or much: or tore off its surface with a stick or the like. (K.) You say, xada$ato wajohahaA Einoda AlmuSiybapi She scratched her face with her nails in the upper parts of what appeared thereof, so as to make it bleed or not, on the occasion of affliction. (Az. TA.) , (S, TA,) inf. n. taxodiy$N, (A, TA,) [meaning He scratched him, or it, (namely, the face,) with the nails, vehemently, or much,] is with teshdeed to denote intensiveness, or muchness. (S, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] waqaEa fiY AlA^aroDi taxodiy$N (tropical:) A little rain [such as scratched the ground in many places] fell upon the land. (A, TA.) , inf. n. muxaAda$apN and xidaA$N, I scratched the man's face with my nails, he scratching my face in like manner. (TA.) , an inf. n. used as a subst., (Mgh, Msb,) The mark made by scratching with the nails, (Mgh, Msb, * K, *) whether it cause bleeding or not: (Mgh:) pl. xuduw$N, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) which is syn. with kuduwHN. (S, TA.) (tropical:) In his heart is somewhat of hurt. (A, TA.) xdE , (TA,) [aor. ,] inf. n. xadoEN, (Bd in ii. 8,) He hid it, or concealed it; (TA;) as also ↓ AxdEh, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. A_ixodaAEN. (TA.) ― -b2- [And hence, app.,] (Lh, K,) inf. n. as above, (Lh,) (tropical:) He doubled it, or folded it, one part upon another; namely, a garment, or piece of cloth. (Lh, K, TA.) ― -b3- [And hence, also, accord. to some,] xadaEahu, aor. , inf. n. xadoEN (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xidoEN, (AZ, S, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb, TA,) and xadiyEapN, (TA,) or this [also] is a simple subst., (Msb, TA,) like xidaAEN, [which is also an inf. n. of 3,] and like xudNEapN, (TA,) He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; syn. xatalahu; (S, Mgh, K;) and desired to do to him a foul, an abominable, or an evil, action, without his knowing whence it proceeded: (S, K:) or he dissembled [or acted deceitfully] with him; pretended to him the contrary of what he concealed: (TA:) or he made him to resign, or relinquish, the object that he had in view, by pretending to him something the contrary of what he concealed: (Er-Rághib, B:) and ↓ xAdEhu, (S, TA,) inf. n. muxaAdaEapN (S) [and xidaAEN], signifies the same; (S, * TA;) as also ↓ AxtdEhu; and ↓ txd~Ehu; and ↓ xd~Ehu, inf. n. taxodiyEN: (TA:) or this last signifies he deceived him, deluded him, beguiled him, circumvented him, or outwitted him, much: (KL:) [and of another of these verbs we find the following various explanations:] ↓ xAdEhu is syn. with kaAyadahu [which has the first of the meanings assigned in this sentence to xadaEahu; or signifies he practised with him mutual deceit, delusion, guile, or circumvention; he deceived him, &c., being deceived, &c., by him; and this latter meaning, if not each meaning, may be intended here by kAydh; for Bd says, (in ii. 8,) that muxaAdaEap is between two]: (TA:) or it signifies he strove, endeavoured, or desired, to deceive, delude, beguile, circumvent, or outwit, him; (AAF, L;) [agreeably with what is said by Kemál Páshá Zádeh, (as I find in a marginal note in a copy of the MS, and also in the Kull p. 178,) that one says of a man xAdE when he has not attained his desire, and xadaEa when he has attained his desire;] for many a verb of the measure faAEala relates to one only; as in the instances of EaAqabotu All~iS~a and TaAraqotu Aln~aEola: (L:) or it signifies, [like xadaEahu,] he pretended to him something different from that which was in his mind. (K.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 8], A@ll~`ha waA@l~a*iyna A=manuwA ↓ yuxaAdiEuwna, (TA,) meaning They pretend, to God and to those who have believed, something different from that which is in their minds, by concealing unbelief and pretending belief; for when they do thus to the believers, they do thus to God: (K:) and again, [in iv. 141], A@ll~`ha wahuwa xaAdiEuhumo ↓ yuxaAdiEuwna [They strive, endeavour, or desire, to deceive God, or] they think that they deceive God, but He is [their deceiver, i. e.,] the requiter, to them, of their xidaAE [or deceit, &c.]: (TA:) or the meaning is [they deceive] the friends of God: (S:) and [agreeably with this last rendering, and that given in the K,] Aboo-Hayáh reads, in the former passage, yaxodaEuwna A@ll~`ha: (TA:) [which passage continues thus:] A_il~aA A^anofusahumo ↓ wamaA yuxaAdiEuwna [but they do not deceive any save themselves]; i. e., the re- sult of their xidaAE [or deceit] does not befall any save themselves: (K:) here, again, Aboo-Hayáh reads yaxodaEuwna: (TA:) Muärrik reads wamaA ↓ yaxad~iEuwna, meaning yaxotadiEuwna. (K.) Accord. to IAar, AlxadoEu signifies manoEu AlHaq~i [meaning The preventing from discovering, or accepting, the truth]. (L.) [“ He deceived him, ” or the like, seems to be generally regarded as the primary signification of xadaEahu, for it occupies the first place in all the lexicons to which I have access: but Bd says (in ii. 8) that this meaning is from xadaEa said of the Dab~i, and that the primary signification of xadoEN is the act of “ concealing: ” the action of the Db~, however, as will appear in what follows, implies, and originates from, a desire of deceit; and so, often, does the act of concealing.] ― -b4- [Hence, app.,] xadaEotuhu I gained the mastery over him. (TA.) ― -b5- xadaEa, (Lth, TA, &c.,) aor. , inf. n. xadoEN, (TA,) said of a [lizard of the kind called] Dab~, [as though meaning either xadaEa AlmuHotari$a It deceived the hunter, or xadaEa nafosahu it concealed itself,] signifies it entered into its hole; (Lth;) as also xadaEa fiY Hujorihi: (S, K:) or it scented a man, and therefore entered its hole, in order that it might not be caught; as also ↓ AnxdE: (TA:) or it entered into its hole in a tortuous manner: and in like manner, a gazelle into its covert: but mostly said of a Db~: (Abu-l-'Omeythil:) also said of other things: (Lth:) of a fox, meaning he took to going to the right and left, deceitfully, or guilefully: and of a man, meaning he hid himself from another: and he assumed a disposition not his own. (TA.) [See also xidaAEN, below.] ― -b6- Hence, i. e. from xadaEa said of the Db~, (A, TA,) xadaEato Eayonu Al$~amosi (tropical:) The disc of the sun set; (A, K, TA;) like xaDaEato. (TA in art. xDE.) ― -b7- [And] xadaEato Eayonuhu (tropical:) His eye sank, or became depressed, in his head. (Lh, K, TA.) [Also meaning (assumed tropical:) His eye did not sleep: for] xadaEati AlEayonu signifies (assumed tropical:) the eye did not sleep. (TA.) ― -b8- [Hence also, as indicated in the S,] maA xadaEato fiY EayoniY naEosapN (assumed tropical:) [A slumber did not enter my eye]: (S:) or maA xadaEato biEayonihi naEosapN, (so in the L,) or xadoEapN, i. e. naEosapN, (so in the TA,) meaning (tropical:) a slumber did not pass by his eye. (L, TA.) [And from the same source have originated several other tropical significations, of which exs. here follow.] ― -b9- xadaEati AlA^umuwri (tropical:) The affairs varied in their state; or were, or became, variable. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) ― -b10- xadaEati Als~uwqu, (S, K,) inf. n. xadoEN, (TA,) (tropical:) [The market varied in its state; at one time being brisk, and at another time dull, in respect of traffic: (see xaAdiEN, below:) or] the market became dull in respect of traffic; (S, K;) as also ↓ AnxdEt; (Lh, TA;) or AnxdE: (K: [but swq is generally fem.:]) and, as some say, it became brisk in respect of traffic: thus it appears to have two contr. significations: (TA:) and xadaEa Als~iEoru (tropical:) The price became high, or dear. (TA.) ― -b11- Said of a man, xadaEa also signifies (tropical:) His wealth, (K, TA,) and the like, (TA,) became small in amount, or little. (K, TA.) ― -b12- Said of a time, inf. n. xadoEN, (tropical:) Its rain became little: (TA:) and of rain, (tropical:) It became little. (K, TA.) ― -b13- Said of spittle, or saliva, (tropical:) It dried: (S, K, TA:) or it became little, and dried, in the mouth: (A, TA.) or it became deficient; and when it becomes deficient, it becomes thick; and when it becomes thick, it becomes stinking: (TA:) or it became corrupt: (IAar, TA:) and in like manner, said of a thing, it became corrupt, or bad. (TA.) [See also xaAdiEN, below.] ― -b14- Said of a generous man, (K,) (tropical:) He refrained [from giving], (S, L, K,) and refused. (L.) You say, kaAna fulaAnN yuEoTiY vum~a xadaEa (tropical:) [Such a one used to give; then he refrained, and refused]. (S.) -A2- xadaEahu aor. , inf. n. xadoEN, He cut, or severed, his [vein called the] A^axodaE. (TA.) , inf. n. taxodiyEN: see 1, third sentence. ― -b2- xud~iEa He was deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, repeatedly, so that he became experienced: or he was deceived, &c., in war, time after time, so that he became skilful: or he became experienced in affairs: or he became experienced in affairs, sound in judgment, cunning, and guileful. (TA.) , inf. n. muxaAdaEapN and xidaAEN: see 1, in five places. ― -b2- muxaAdaEapN AlEayoni means The causing the eye to doubt respecting that which it sees. (Ham p. 541.) ― -b3- xAdE Almajoda, (As, K, *) or AlHamoda, (AA,) a phrase used by Er-Rá'ee, (TA,) He forsook, or relinquished, (As, AA, K,) glory, (As,) or praise, not being worthy of it. (AA.) : see 1, first signification. -A2- He incited him to deceive, delude, beguile, circumvent, or outwit; or to desire to do to another a foul, an abominable, or an evil, action, without the latter's knowing whence it proceeded; or to pretend to another something different from that which was in his mind. (K.) In the Kur ii. 8, quoted above, Yahyà Ibn-Yaamar reads, wamaA yuxodiEuwna. (TA.) He constrained himself to deceive, delude, beguile, circumvent, outwit, or the like. (K, * TA.) -A2- txd~Ehu: see 1, third sentence. They deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, one another; or practised deceit, guile, circumvention, or the like, one to another. (TA.) ― -b2- txAdE He pretended deceit, delusion, guile, or circumvention, (S, * P S,) on his part: (S:) or he pretended to be deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, not being so; (K, TA;) as also ↓ AnxdE. (TA.) quasi-pass. of xadaEotuhu [i. e. He became deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted]: (S, Msb, TA:) or he was content to be deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted. (Lth, K.) ― -b2- See also 6. -A2- See also 1, latter half, in two places. ; and yaxad~iEuwna, for yaxotadiEuwna: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places. : see xadiyEapN. : see xaAdiEN, in two places. A single act of deceit, delusion, guile, circumvention, or outwitting. (Mgh.) It is said in a trad., (Mgh, TA,) AlHarobu xadoEapN, and ↓ xudoEapN, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ xidoEapN, (K,) and ↓ xudaEapN, (AZ, Ks, S, Mgh, K,) accord. to different relaters; (Th, Mgh, K;) the first being the most chaste, (S, Mgh, Msb,) said to be the form used by Mo- hammad; (Th, Mgh, Msb;) the second ascribed by El-Khattábee to the vulgar; (TA;) the last the best in point of meaning: (Mgh:) i. e., accord. to the first reading, (Mgh,) War is finished by a single act of deceit, &c.; (Mgh, O, K;) accord. to the second, war is a thing by which one is deceived; (Mgh, Msb;) or war is deceived; for when one of the two parties deceives the other, it is as though the war itself were deceived; (IAth, TA;) [accord. to the third, war is a mode, or manner, of deceiving;] and accord. to the fourth, war is a deceiver of those engaged in it (IAth, Mgh, TA) by the frequent deceits which occur therein. (Mgh.) -A2- (tropical:) A slumber. (TA.) A thing by which, or with which, one deceives, deludes, beguiles, circumvents, or outwits; (Mgh, Msb;) like as luEobapN signifies “ a thing with which one plays. ” (Msb.) See xadoEapN. ― -b2- One whom people deceive, delude, beguile, circumvent, or outwit, (S, K,) much; (K;) like as luEonapN signifies one “ who is much cursed. ” (TA.) [See, again, xadoEapN. The comparison of xudoEapN in one sense with luEobapN, and in another sense with luEonapN, suggests that one of the explanations above may perhaps be founded upon a mistranscription. On fuEolapN as the measure of a word having the sense of a pass. part. n., see a remark of IB voce laqaTN.] ― -b3- See also xadiyEapN. [A mode, or manner, of deceiving, deluding, beguiling, circumventing, or outwitting]: see xadoEapN. : see xaAdiEN, in three places: ― -b2- and see also xadoEapN. : see xadiyEapN; [and see also 3.] ― -b2- xidaAEu AlD~ab~i signifies The procedure of the [lizard called] Db~ when it is attacked by a serpent, or hunted by a man feeling the head of its hole in order that it may imagine him to be a serpent: if the Db be experienced, it puts forth its tail to half the length of the hole, and if it feel a serpent, it strikes it, and cuts it in halves; and if it be a hunter, it does not suffer him to lay hold upon its tail, and so it escapes, for the hunter does not dare to put his hand into its hole, because it may not be free from a scorpion, of which he fears the sting, as a strong friendship subsists between the Db and the scorpion, and the former makes use of the latter to defend itself from the hunter: or, as some say, it signifies its concealing itself, and remaining long in its hole, and seldom appearing, and being very cautious. (O, TA.) : see xaAdiEN, in three places. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that yields milk abundantly at one time, and withholds it at another. (K.) Deceit, delusion, guile, circumvention, or outwitting; and a desire to do to another a foul, an abominable, or an evil, action, without the latter's knowing whence it proceeds; (S, K;) a subst. from xadaEahu; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ xidoEN, (Msb, TA,) or this is an inf. n.; (AZ, S, K;) and ↓ xudoEapN; (TA;) and ↓ xidaAEN; (TA;) which [is also an inf. n. of xaAdaEahu, and] originally signifies concealment: (Ham p. 541:) [and hence as above: and] also signifies prevention (manoEN); and art, artifice, cunning, or skill, in the management of affairs; (IAar, Sgh, K;) or a making another to resign, or relinquish, the object that he has in view, by pretending to him something the contrary of what he conceals. (Er-Rághib, B.) ; and its fem, with p: see the next paragraph, in two places. [Deceiving, deluding, beguiling, circumventing, outwitting, or the like;] act. part. n. of xadaEahu; as also ↓ xaduwEN; (Msb;) or [rather] this latter is an intensive epithet, signifying one who deceives, &c., much, or often; or very deceitful, &c.; or a great deceiver, &c.; (Mgh, K;) and ↓ xad~aAEu, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ xadiEN, and ↓ xayodaEN; (TA;) [but these three are also intensive epithets, like xaduwEN;] and ↓ xudaEapN signifies one who deceives, &c., other men; (S;) or [rather] this last is syn. with xaduwEN as explained above, (K,) or xad~aAEN: (Mgh:) [the pl. of xaAdiEapN, fem. of xaAdiEN, is xawaAdiEu:] and the pl. of ↓ xaduwEN is xuduEN. (Mgh.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Dab~N xAdiEN A [lizard of the kind called] Db~ that deceives, beguiles, or circumvents; (Z, TA;) as also ↓ xadiEN. (S, K.) ― -b3- And dahorN xaAdiEN and ↓ xudaEapN (assumed tropical:) [Deceiving, or varying, and very deceitful, or very variable, fortune, or time]. (TA.) [Whence, or] because of its variableness, (TA,) ↓ AlxudaEapu is (tropical:) a name for Fortune, or time. (K, TA.) ― -b4- And fulaAnN xaAdiEu Alr~aA^oYi (tropical:) Such a one remains not steadily in one opinion. (TA.) ― -b5- And xuluqN xaAdiEN (tropical:) A varying, or variable, disposition. (S, K, TA.) ― -b6- And suwqN xaAdiEapN (tropical:) A market varying, or variable, in its state; (S, A, O, K;) at one time being brisk, and at another time dull, in respect of traffic: (A, TA:) or a market dull in respect of traffic: or a market in which one cannot obtain a thing because of its dearness. (TA.) xaAdiEN also signifies (tropical:) Anything unsaleable, or difficult of sale, and in little demand. (TA.) And accord. to Fr, the Benoo-Asad use the epithet ↓ muxaAdiEu [perhaps a mistake for xaAdiEN] in the sense of (tropical:) High, or dear, applied to a price. (TA.) ― -b7- And TariyqN xaAdiEN (tropical:) A road that appears at one time and disappears at another; as also ↓ xaduwEN: (K:) a road which one does not know: (TA:) a road deviating from the right course; (TA;) as also ↓ xayodaEN; (S, K, TA;) which one does not know. (S, TA.) And maA='N xaAdiEN (tropical:) A water to which one does not know the way. (TA.) ― -b8- [Hence also,] sinuwna xawaAdiEu (tropical:) Years in which is little good; bad years: (Sh, TA:) and sinuwna ↓ xad~aAEapN (tropical:) (tropical:) years in which is little increase: (S, K, TA:) from xadaEa said of rain, or of spittle; and therefore doubly tropical: (TA:) or, as some say, years in which is much rain, and in which the produce is little. (Sgh.) xaAdiEN also signifies (assumed tropical:) Corrupt, or bad; applied to food and other things. (TA.) And you say, diynaArN xaAdiEN (assumed tropical:) A deficient, or defective, deenár. (S.) And rajulN xaAdiEN (tropical:) A man who brings evil upon others. (TA.) : see xaAdiEN, first sentence. [Hence,] (tropical:) A wolf that acts deceitfully, or mischievously; or that practises artifice. (Z, Sgh, K. [In the CK, AlmuxotaAlu is erroneously put for AlmuHotaAlu.]) ― -b2- Also A person in whose love, or affection, no confidence is placed. (K.) ― -b3- And hence, (TA,) AlxayodaEu is also applied to (tropical:) The mirage; (S, K, TA;) accord. to some. (S.) You say, gar~ahumu AlxayodaEu (tropical:) The mirage deceived them. (TA.) ― -b4- [For the same reason,] it is also applied to (assumed tropical:) The cat. (IB.) ― -b5- And from the former of the last two meanings is derived the phrase (TA) guwlN xayodaEN (S, K, TA) (tropical:) (tropical:) A very deceitful, or guileful, ghool; (K, TA;) so that it is doubly tropical. (TA.) ― -b6- TariyqN xayodaEN: see xaAdiEN; in the latter part of the paragraph. fem. of xaAdiEN [q. v.]. ― -b2- Also A small door in a large door. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) ― -b3- See also muxodaEN. [More, and most, deceitful, deluding, guileful, outwitting, or the like]. [Hence,] A^axodaEu mino Dab~K [More deceitful, or guileful, than a dabb]; a prov.; (S, K;) applied to a person over whom one has not power, by reason of deceit, or guile. (IAar.) They said also, A_in~aka laA^axodiEu mino Dab~K Hara$otuhu [Verily thou art more deceitful, or guileful, than a dabb that I have hunted]. (AZ, AAF, O.) [See xidaAEN.] -A2- AlA^axodaEu [app. Each of the two branches of the occipital artery which are distributed upon the occiput;] a certain vein, (S, K,) one of a pair of veins, called the A^axodaEaAni, (S, Mgh, Msb,) in the cupping-place (Mgh, Msb) of the neck, (Mgh,) or in the place [of the application] of the two cupping-instruments; being a branch from the wariyd [or carotid artery]; (S, K;) sometimes the scarification [for cupping] happens to be upon one of them, and the patient consequently is exhausted by loss of blood: (S:) the AxdEAn are two concealed veins in the place of the cupping of the neck: Lh says, they are two veins in the neck: some say that they are the wadajaAni, q. v.: (TA:) the pl. is A^axaAdiEu. (K.) ― -b2- fulaAnN $adiydu AlA^axodaEi means Such a one is strong in the place of the AxdE. (As, S, O.) ― -b3- It also means (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is] a person who resists; unyielding; uncomplying. (TA.) And lay~inu AlA^axodaEu (assumed tropical:) One who does not resist; yielding; complying. (TA.) ― -b4- You say also, lawaY fulaAnN A^axodaEahu (tropical:) Such a one turned away, or aside, and behaved proudly, or haughtily. (TA.) And saw~aY A^axodaEahu (tropical:) He relinquished pride, or haughtiness. (TA.) And to him who is proud, one says, laA^uqiyman~a A^axodaEayoka, meaning (assumed tropical:) I will assuredly dispel thy pride. (Ham p. 432.) : see what next follows. and ↓ mixodaEN (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and ↓ maxodaEN; (Msb, TA;) the first of which is the original form, the second being adopted because the first was found to be difficult of utterance; (Fr, Yaakoob, S;) and the first is the only proper subst. of the measure mufoEalN; other words of that measure being epithets; (Sb;) A closet, or small chamber, in which a thing is kept, or preserved; (Msb;) i. q. xizaAnapN; (Fr, Yaakoob, S, K;) by which is meant a small chamber within a large chamber: (TA:) from A^axodaEahu meaning “he hid it,” or “concealed it:” (Msb:) and [in like manner] ↓ xaAdiEapN signifies a chamber within a chamber: (K:) Er-Rághib says, as though its builder made it a deceiver of him who might seek, or desire, to take, or reach, a thing in it. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see muxad~aEN, in two places. and ↓ muxad~aEN are syn. [as signifying Deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, outwitted, or the like: or rather, the latter signifies much deceived, &c.]. (TA.) ― -b2- And [hence] ↓ the latter, A man (S, L) Deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, (S, L, K,) in war, (S, L,) time after time, (S, L, K,) so that he has become experienced, (S, K,) or so that he has become skilful: (L:) or experienced in affairs: (TA:) or experienced in affairs, sound in judgment, cunning and guileful: (ISh:) or characterized by deceit, delusion, guile, or circumvention, in war. (AO.) -A2- Also the former, One whose [vein called the] A^axodaEu is cut, or severed. (S, K.) : see xaAdiEN. xdl , inf. n. xadaAlapN [and app. xuduwlap also], He was, or became, large, and full [or plump], in the shank and fore arm. (TA.) [And in like manner, xadulato; or xadilato, inf. n. xadalN [q. v.]; She (a woman) was, or became, full, or plump, in the shanks and fore arms.] And xadulato, inf. n. xadaAlapN [and xuduwlapN]; (JK;) or xadilato, [inf. n. xadalN;] (K;) said of the shank (Als~aAq, JK, K), It was, or became, round: (JK:) or full [or plump]. (K.) Full [or plump]: and large, big, or bulky: (K:) or large, and full [or plump], in the shank and fore arm: or, as some say, large, big, or bulky. TA.) You say AimoraA^apN xadolapN and ↓ xadilapN (K, TA, [in the CK, by an omission, the latter is made to be xidolapN,]) A woman thick and round in the shank: pl. xidaAlN: [in the CK, erroneously, AaxodaAlN:] or full of flesh in the limbs, with slenderness of the bones; as also ↓ xadolaA='u and ↓ xidolimN: (K:) or these two, in the latter of which the m is augmentative, a woman full [or plump] in the shanks and fore arms. (S.) And xadolapN Als~aAqi A woman round in the shank. (JK.) And maxaloxaluhaA xadolN Her place of the anklet [i. e. her ankle] is large, or big. (S.) And saAqN xadolapN A full [or plump] shank: (K:) or a round shank: pl. xidaAlN. (JK.) (S, K) and ↓ xadaAlapN (JK, S, K) and ↓ xuduwlapN (K) Fulness [or plumpness], (S, K,) or roundness, (JK,) of the shank, (JK, K,) or of the shanks and fore arms. (S.) [All are properly inf. ns.: see 1.] fem. of xadolN [q. v.]. (JK, K.) ― -b2- Also A grape that is small and worthless by reason of blight, or the like, and want of moisture. (AHát, K * TA.) ― -b3- And The stem of the tree called SaAb, (M, K,) which is a sort of bitter tree; (TA;) as also ↓ xudolapN. (M, K.) : see what next precedes. : see xadolN. : see xadolN. : see xadolN. : see xadalN. : see xadalN. xdlj Large, big, or bulky; (Mgh, Msb;) applied to the shank, (Mgh,) or to a man: (Msb:) or large, or big, in the shank, with a goodly fulness therein; applied to a female: (Lth, L:) or, with p, applied to a woman, (S, K, TA,) juicy, (TA,) full in the fore arms and the shanks. (S, K, TA.) You say xadal~aju Als~aAqayoni, meaning Large, or big, in respect of the shanks; like xadol. (Mgh, TA.) xdm , aor. (S, Msb, K) and , (Lh, K,) inf. n. xidomapN (S, Msb, K) and xadomapN, (Lh, K,) or, as some say, the latter is the inf. n., and the former [though generally used as the inf. n.) is a simple subst., (TA,) He served him; did service for him; ministered to him; (PS, TA;) syn. mahanahu. (TA.) And xadama biTaEaAmi baTonihi [He served for, meaning in return for, the food of his belly]. (S and A &c. in art. wgd.) ― -b2- One says also, h`*aA AlqamiySu yaxodumu sanapF (tropical:) [This shirt will serve, or last, a year]: and vawobN saxiyfN laA yaxodumu (tropical:) [A thin, or flimsy, garment, that will not serve or last, long; or that will not be serviceable]. (TA.) He occupied, or busied, him with service. (TA.) ― -b2- xad~amahaA He gave her several, or many, female servants. (Msb.) -A2- [xd~m AlbaEiyra He attached a xadamap, meaning the thong thus called, upon the pastern of the camel. ― -b2- Hence,] taxodiymN, [as inf. n. of xud~ima,] in a horse, (assumed tropical:) The having a whiteness (S, Mgh, TA) such as is termed taHojiyl (S, TA) surrounding the pastern of each kind foot, (S, Mgh, TA,) above the A^a$aAEir [or extremities next the hoof], and stopping short of the shank; (S, TA;) but not in the fore foot. (S, Mgh, TA.) [See also xaAtamN, last sentence.] When it is in one hind leg, the horse is termed A^arojalu. (S, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence, also,] xad~amahaA zawojuhaA (assumed tropical:) Her husband attired her with the xadamap [or anklet]. (TA.) He gave him a servant. (S, K, TA. [kaAxodamahu in the CK is erroneously put for faA^axodamahu.]) And A^axodamotuhaA I gave her a female servant. (Msb.) ― -b2- El-Kutb Er-Ráwendee asserts that one says, A^axodamotuhu linafosiY, peculiarly; [I made him a servant to myself;] but Ibn-Abi-l-Hadeed says, This is of the things that I know not. (TA.) [See Axtdmhu.] He served himself; (Lh, K;) as one must do who has not a servant. (Lh.) -A2- Axtdmhu He made him a servant. (TA.) ― -b2- See also what next follows, in two places. He asked him to give him a servant; as also ↓ Axtdmhu. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And Aisotaxodamotuhu I asked him to serve me; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ Aixotadamotuhu: (TA:) [or I took him as my servant:] or I made him to serve me. (Msb) Accord. to El-Kutb Er-Ráwendee, one says, Aisotaxodamotuhu linafosiY and ligayoriY [I took him as a servant for myself and for another than myself: or I made him to be a servant to myself and to another than myself]. (TA.) : see xaAdimN: -A2- and see also xadamapN, in four places. , (K,) or ↓ xidomapN, (JK,) A space, or period, (saAEapN,) of the night (JK, K) or of the day: (K:) and xa*omapN [or xi*omapN, q. v.,] is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) a subst. signifying (assumed tropical:) The characteristic denoted by the epithet xadomaA='u [fem. of A^axodamu], in a sheep or goat; (JK, K, TA;) i. e. whiteness in the lower end of the shank. (JK, K,) upon blackness; (K;) such whiteness resembling the xadamap, (JK, TA,) or being likened to xadam, or anklets: (TA:) or blackness upon whiteness: &c. (K.) [See A^axodamu: and see also xadamapN.] , accord. to some, and inf. n. of 1: accord. to others, a simple subst. [signifying Service]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Also Pay for service: but in this sense probably post-classical.] -A2- See also xadomapN. A thong, (JK, S, K,) plaited, (TA,) thick and strong, like a ring, (JK, K,) which is fastened upon the pastern of a camel, (JK, S, K,) and to which is attached the sariyHap [or thong] of the naEol [or leathern shoe with which the foot is sometimes protected], (S,) or to which are attached the saraAy^iH [or thongs] of the nEl: (K:) [it is the n. un. of ↓ xadamN: and its pl. is xidaAmN; as below: in the TA, said to be tropical; but this is pro- bably a mistake: the other significations here following are all tropical:] accord. to AA, [the pl.] xidaAmN signifies shackles, or hobbles; syn. quyuwdN. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (S,) (tropical:) i. q. xaloxaAlN [meaning An anklet]; (JK, S, Mgh, K;) because sometimes made of thongs, with gold and silver affixed thereon: (S:) pl. xidaAmN, (S,) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ xadamN. (Ham p. 612.) kaA@lomamohuwrapK A_iHodaY xadamatayohaA is a prov. [meaning (assumed tropical:) Like her who has been dowered with one of her two anklets]. (JK, TA. [See also mahomuwrapN.]) ― -b3- [And hence, (assumed tropical:) A ring of white a little above the hoof of a horse &c.] You say of a horse, lahu xadamataAni mino xilaAfK, meaning (assumed tropical:) He has a whiteness [or rather a ring of white a little above the hoof] in his fore leg [or right fore leg] and another in his left fore leg [probably a mistake of a copyist for his left kind leg]. (TA in art. xlf.) [The coll. gen. n. ↓ xadamN is used in the Deewán of the Hudhalees, as stated by Freytag, in the sense of (assumed tropical:) A place where the colour differs, like an anklet, on the foot: and a whiteness on the foot of a bull, surrounding it like a circle: and xidaAmN as meaning whiteness: or, as some say, streaks (“striæ”). See also xudomapN.] ― -b4- [Hence, also,] (assumed tropical:) The place where each foot comes forth from the trousers. (TA.) ― -b5- Also (assumed tropical:) The shank; (K;) because it is the place of the xadamap, i. e. the anklet: (TA:) pl. xidaAmN and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ xadamN. (K.) Hence, in a trad. of Selmán, kaAna EalaY HimaArK waEalayohi saraAwiylu waxadamatAhu tu*abo*ibaAni [He was upon an ass, and upon him were trousers, and his shanks were dangling]: or, as some say, the meaning here is, the parts from which his two feet came forth, of the trousers. (TA.) And one says, A^abodati AlHarobu Eano xidaAmi Almuxad~araAti (tropical:) [The war made apparent the shanks, or the anklets, of the girls that had been kept behind the curtains]; meaning the war became vehement. (A, TA.) ― -b6- Also (assumed tropical:) A ring of people; (S, K;) a compact ring thereof: likened to the thong described in the first sentence of this paragraph. (TA.) Hence the saying of Khálid Ibn-El-Weleed, in a letter that he wrote to the Satraps of Persia, (TA,) AlHamodu lil~`hi Al~a*iY faD~a xadamatakumo, meaning [Praise be to God,] who hath dispersed, or broken up, your congregation: (S, * K, * TA:) for when the thong above mentioned is broken, or parted, the saraAy^iH [or thongs of the leathern shoe] become loosed, and the shoe falls off: so says IAth, and A'Obeyd says the like. (TA.) A thong: (K:) or a plaited thong. (TA.) : see what next follows. One who does much service; (TA in the present art.;) as also ↓ xaduwmN. (TA in art. Eqrb.) And also applied to A xaAdim [q. v.]. (TA in the present art. [It is commonly used in the latter sense in the present day: fem. with p.]) A servant; (S, * Mgh, * Msb, * K, * TA;) applied to a young man, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or a male: (K:) and, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) as also xaAdimapN, (Msb, K,) each in chaste Arabic, (TA,) but the latter rare, (Msb,) to a young woman, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or a female: (K:) and xad~aAmN [q. v.] is also used in the same sense as xaAdimN: (TA:) the pl. of xaAdimN is ↓ xadamN, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or rather this is a quasi-pl. n., (TA,) and xud~aAmN (JK, Msb, K) and xadamapN, and vulgarly xudomaAnN. (TA.) It is said in a trad., of 'Abd-Er-Rahmán, (TA,) Tal~aqa A@moraA^atahu famat~aEahaA bixaAdimK sawodaA='a, meaning [He divorced his wife, and gave her on that occasion] a black young woman [as a slave]. (Mgh, * TA.) In the saying fulaAnapu xaAdimapu gadFA, the word xAdmp is not properly an epithet: the meaning is, Such a woman will be a servant to-morrow; like as one says HaAy^iDapN gadFA. (Msb.) [ Servitude; or the state, or condition, of a servant: a term in common use; and mentioned by Freytag on the authority of Meyd.: opposed to maxoduwmiy~apN.] i. q. ↓ muxad~amu, (S, Mgh, K,) as meaning, applied to a horse, (tropical:) Having a whiteness (S, Mgh) such as is termed taHojiyl (S) surrounding the pastern of each kind foot, (S Mgh,) above the parts next the hoof, and stopping short of the shank; (S;) but not in the fore foot: (S, Mgh: [see 2:]) or, so applied, whose taHojiyl encircles [the pastern] above the A^a$aAEir [or extremities next the hoof]: or the latter epithet, so applied, whose whiteness passes beyond the pasterns or part thereof. (K.) And xadomaA='u, [fem. of A^axodamu,] applied to a sheep or goat, (JK, S, K,) i. e. to a $aAp, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) Having in the lower end of her shank a whiteness (JK, K) like the xadamap [or anklet], (JK,) upon blackness; or a blackness upon whiteness; and in like manner applied to a mountain-goat: (K:) or having white shanks; (AZ, S, K;) like HajolaA='u; [but see this latter word;] and so ↓ muxad~amN applied to a mountain-goat: (S:) or having one white shank; the rest of her being black. (K.) [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v.]. You say qawomN muxad~amuwna A people, or party, having many servants and other dependents. (S, K.) And in like manner muxad~amapN is applied to a woman. (A, TA.) -A2- And muxad~amapN (tropical:) A woman attired, or adorned, with anklets. (A, TA.) ― -b2- See also A^axodamu, in two places. -A3- And muxad~amN and ↓ muxad~amapN (S, K) The place of the thong [called xadamap] (K, TA) in the leg of the camel: (TA: [there said to be above the kaEob; but this is a mistake:]) and (assumed tropical:) the place of the anklet [so called] (K, TA) in the shank of a woman: (TA:) the place of the xidaAm in the shank: (S:) the place of the xadama; like as musaw~arN is the place of the siwaAr. (M in explanation of the former, in art. swr.) ― -b2- And the former (tropical:) The band of the trousers, (JK, K, TA,) at the lower part of the leg of a woman: (K, TA:) or the band at the lower part of the leg of the trousers: (M, TA:) the woman seems to be specified in the K because women generally tic the legs of the trousers upon the middle [or upper part] of the shank, and then make them to fall down over it. (TA.) as a subst.: see muxad~amN; of which it is also the fem. [lit. Served: ― -b2- and hence, A master;] a head, or chief: pl. maxaAdiymu. (TA.) ― -b3- And A man having a servant of the jinn, or genii. (S, K.) [ The state, or condition, of a master: opposed to xaAdimiy~apN.] xdn , (S, K,) inf. n. muxaAdanapN, (Mgh, TA,) He was, or became, his xidon [or friend; or his secret, or private, friend; &c.]: (JK, S, K, TA:) he associated, or kept company, with him as a friend: (Mgh:) or [simply] he associated, or kept company, with him. (TA.) ― -b2- muxaAdanapN also signifies The contracting of the eyes (Mgh, JM, TA) in holding amatory and enticing talk, or conversation, with another, the latter doing the same. (Mgh, JM.) ― -b3- The saying of certain of the lawyers, (JM,) laA yajuwzu $ahaAdapa SaAHib AlginaA='i Al~a*iY yuxaAdinu Ealayohi means The testimony of the singer who has made singing to be his habitual occupation, or means of subsistence, and thereby associates as a xidon with people, and collects them to him, is not allowable. (Mgh, JM.) (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ xadiynN (S, K) A friend: (S, TA:) or a secret, or private, friend; a friend in secrecy or privacy: (Mgh, Msb, and Ksh and Bd in iv. 29:) or a companion, or an associate, who converses, or talks, with one: (M, TA:) or [simply] a companion, or an associate: (K:) but accord. to Er-Rághib, mostly used as meaning an amorous companion or associate; a companion, or an associate, affected with sensual appetency: (TA:) the former is applied alike to the male and the female: (Ksh and Bd in v. 7:) and ↓ the latter signifies also one who is thy friend, &c., (mano yuxaAdinuka, K,) and who is with thee, (TA,) in every affair, or case, open and secret: (K:) pl. (of the former, S, Mgh, Msb) A^axodaAnN (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) and [of the latter] xudanaA='u. (TA.) Hence, xidonu AljaAriyapi [The friend, &c., of the girl]: (S:) or he who converses, or talks, with the girl. (JK.) It is said in the Kur [iv. 29], walaA mut~axi*aAti A^axodaAnK, (S,) meaning [Nor taking to themselves] friends [or associates] to commit fornication with them in secret. (Jel.) AlEulaY ↓ xadiynu is a metaphorical expression, used by a poet, [meaning (tropical:) Lover of eminence,] like Ea$iyqu AlEulaY. (TA.) One who associates with men as their xidon [or friend, or secret friend, &c.,] (yuxaAdinu Aln~aAsa) much. (S, K.) : see xidonN, in three places. Having A^axodaAn [or friends, or secret friends, &c.]. (TA.) x*rf , (K,) inf. n. xa*orafapN, (TA,) He hastened, sped, or went quickly. (K.) And xa*orafato, said of a [wild] she-ass, She hastened, sped, or went quickly, and threw out her legs. (TA.) And, said of camels, They threw the pebbles with their feet by reason of quickness. (K.) -A2- xa*orafahu He cut off his (a man's) extremities with a sword. (K.) ― -b2- He sharpened it; namely, a sword. (K.) ― -b3- He filled it; namely, a vessel. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) became rent, or pierced with holes. (TA.) -A2- taxa*orafatohu Aln~awaY [The place which was the object of a journey] caused him to go forth, or depart; (L, K, TA;) as also taxa*oramatohu. (TA.) inf. n. of Q. 1. -A2- Also Roundness of the legs of an animal, or quadruped. (TA.) -A3- And A piece of a garment or cloth. (TA.) A certain plant of the spring, which dries up when it feels the [heat of] summer: (Lth, K:) or a species of the [kind called] HamoD, (AHn, S, K,) having a small leaf, and rising to the height of a cubit: (AHn:) the latter is said by Az to be the correct explanation: the former he disapproves: (TA:) n. un. with p. (S.) [A kind of whirling plaything;] a thing which a boy turns round by means of a thread, or string, in his hands, causing it to make a sound such as is termed dawiY~: (S, K:) or a small piece of wood, or a slit, or split, reed or cane, in the middle of which is cut a notch, and which is then tied with a thread, or string, which being pulled, it turns round, and is heard to make a sound such as is termed Hafiyf: boys play with it; and it is also called xar~aArapN: (Lth, TA: [in the latter of which, in art. xr, the xr~Arp is said to be a piece of wood like the half of a sandal, tied with a thread or string, which, being put in motion, draws along the piece of wood and causes it to make a sound:]) or a small, round, piece of skin, attached to which are two connected threads or strings, which being pulled by a boy, with his fingers, it turns round, causing a sound to be heard such as is termed dawiY~: (EM p. 43:) pl. xa*aAriyfu. (S.) Imra-el-Keys likens to it a swift horse: (S:) and it is applied as an epithet to a horse; (Lth;) meaning Swift in his running, (Lth, K, TA,) or in going. (TA.) And one says, tarakati Als~uyuwfu raA^osahu xa*aAriyfa, meaning (assumed tropical:) The swords made his head to be pieces, each piece like the x*rwf. (S, K.) ― -b2- Clay kneaded, and made like sugar, (yuEomalu $abiyhFA biAls~uk~ari, in the CK yuEomalu mnhu $abiyhFA biAls~uk~uri, [the latter reading evidently wrong, and the former I think doubtful,]) with which boys play. (K.) ― -b3- The piece of wood that is put [app. as a handle] in the hole of the upper millstone. (TA.) ― -b4- A herd of camels: and one separate therefrom. (K.) ― -b5- Lightning gleaming, or shining brightly, in the clouds, and separate therefrom. (K.) ― -b6- Anything scattered from, or of, a thing. (L, O, K.) ― -b7- The xa*aAriyf of the hawodaj are The pieces of wood (saqaAy^if) with which the hwdj is made of a square form. (K.) [See also daAmigapN.] A man of good natural disposition. (TA.) x*f , (Mgh, Msb,) aor. , (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. xa*ofN, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) trans. without a particle, (Msb,) and by means of bi, (S,) He threw a pebble, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or a datestone, (Mgh, K,) or the like, (Mgh, Msb, K,) with the fingers; (S;) or by taking it between his two fore fingers; (Mgh, K;) or with the extremity of the thumb and that of the fore finger, (Mgh, Msb,) by putting the extremity of the thumb upon that of the fore finger [and then jerking the latter forward]; (Mgh;) or with a mixo*afap of wood. (Lth, K.) The doing this was forbidden by Mohammad, because game cannot be taken thereby, nor an enemy defeated, but a tooth may be broken, and an eye put out. (TA.) HaSaY Alxa*ofi [properly] Pebbles that are thrown [in the manner described above], (Msb,) is used as meaning (tropical:) small pebbles. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xa*afa bibawolihi He emitted his urine and then stopped it. (TA.) ― -b3- And xa*ofu Aln~uTofapi The emitting of the sperma genitale into the midst of the womb. (TA.) ― -b4- And xa*afa bihaA, aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He broke wind with a sound. (TA.) ― -b5- And Alxa*ofu The hastening, speeding, or going quickly, of camels. (TA. [See also xa*afaAnN.]) ― -b6- And The act of cutting, or cutting off. (Kr, TA.) [taxaA*afaA app. signifies They vied with each other in throwing in the manner described in the first sentence above. ― -b2- And hence,] EayonaAhu taxaA*afataA biAld~amoEi (tropical:) i. q. AsrtA [app. a mistranscription for A^ajorataAhu, i. e. His eyes shed tears]: so in the A. (TA.) A certain pace, or manner of going, of camels. ('Eyn, T, K. [See also 1, last sentence but one.]) A horse or the like (Lth) quick in pace. (Lth, K.) ― -b2- A she-ass that throws the pebbles by reason of her quickness: (S, K:) or whose navel is near to the ground by reason of her fatness: (K:) or so fat that, if a pebble is thrown at her with the fingers, or with two fore fingers, or with the extremity of the thumb and that of the fore finger, it sinks into her fat: (Z:) and that raises her legs to the side of her belly: (TA:) pl. xu*ufN. (As, TA.) (assumed tropical:) The anus; syn. AlAisotu; (TA;) as also ↓ Almixo*afapu. (K.) The loops of the miqoran [q. v.] with which the [quiver termed] kinaAnap is connected with the [case termed] jaEobap: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) pl. maxaA*ifu. (Ibn-'Abbád.) A kind of sling; syn. miqolaAEN: (S, K:) or a thing with which one throws: (S:) or it signifies also a wooden instrument with which one throws in the manner termed xa*ofN: (K:) or a thing into which stones are put, and with which they are thrown at birds &c., like a miqolaAE. (ISd.) [In the TA in art. dv, it is said (in my opinion erroneously) to signify a bullet.] ― -b2- See also Alxa*~aAfapu. x*l , (S, Msb, K,) and xa*ala Eanohu, (Msb, K,) aor. , (JK, Msb,) inf. n. xi*olaAnN (JK, S, K) and xa*olN, (JK, Msb, * K,) or ↓ xi*olaAnN is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ Ax*lhu; (TA;) He abstained from, or neglected, aiding him, or assisting him; (JK, * S, Msb, K;) and held back from him: (Msb:) and xa*alahu he left, forsook, or deserted, him: (MA:) and, accord. to AZ, xa*ala Eanohu, aor. , inf. n. xu*uwlN, he left him, and held back from going with him. (T in art. tlw.) And ↓ xi*olaAnN signifies God's failing to preserve a man; accord. to Az, from an evil action; so that he falls into it. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [iii. 154], wa A_ino yaxo*ulokumo famano *aA A@l~a*iY yanoSurukumo mino baEodihi [But if He fail to aid you, or to preserve you, then who is he that will aid you after Him?]: here 'Obeyd Ibn-'Omeyr read ↓ yuxodilokumo, with damm to the Y and kesr to the *. (TA.) ― -b2- And xa*ala He (a gazelle) held back from going with the herd; or remained behind the herd. (As, S.) And xa*alato She (a gazelle, &c., K, as, for instance, a [wild] cow, TA) held back from going with her female companions, and remained alone: or held back, or remained behind, not overtaking [the others]: (K:) or you say, of a female gazelle, and of a [wild] cow, taxo*ulu SawaAHibaAtihaA She holds back from going with her female companions, or remains behind them, with her young one, in the place of pasturage: or remains alone with him; as A'Obeyd says, on the authority of As. (T, TA.) And xa*alato She (a wild animal, S, O, or a gazelle, K) remained attending to her young one [when the rest of the herd had gone]; (S, O, K;) said by some to be inverted [as to the meaning], because she is [not the one that leaves, but] the one that is left; (S;) as also ↓ txA*lt, (S, K,) and ↓ Ax*lt. (K.) ― -b3- A poet says, (namely, 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, TA,) describing a horse, fahowa kaAld~alowi bikaf~i AlmusotaqiY xa*alato Eanohu AlEaraAqiY faA@noja*amo meaning [And he is, or was, like the bucket in the hand of the drawer of water,] of which the cross pieces of wood have become separated from it [so that it has become severed from the wellrope]. (S.) , inf. n. taxo*iylN, He incited him, or induced him, to abstain from, or to neglect, aiding him, or assisting him; and hindered him, withheld him, or prevented him, from aiding his companion, or assisting him. (T, TA.) And x*~l Eanohu A^aSoHaAbahu, inf. n. as above, He incited, or induced, his companions to abstain from, or to neglect, aiding him, or assisting him. (S.) ― -b2- He induced him to be cowardly and weak-hearted, and to abstain from fighting. (Msb.) see 1, in three places. ― -b2- Also Ax*l, (K,) or Ax*l A^um~ahu, (T, TA,) said of the young one of a wild animal, (K,) or of the young one of a gazelle or [wild] cow, (T,) means wajada A^um~ahu taxo*uluhu (K, TA) [which may be rendered He found his mother to hold back from him; or to leave him, and hold back from going with him: or it means] he found his mother to hold back from going with her female companions, or to remain behind them, with him; or to remain alone with him. (T.) They abstained from, or neglected, aiding, or assisting, one another: (S:) i. q. tdAbrwA [which has the foregoing signification accord. to the TA, but properly means they turned their backs, one upon another]: (K:) they left, forsook, or deserted, one another in trouble. (MA.) [And, accord. to Freytag's Lex., They fled from fight, or battle.] ― -b2- txA*lt rijolaAhu (said of an old man, TA) His legs became weak (S, K, TA) in consequence of some evil affection. (TA.) ― -b3- And txA*l He was, or became, behind. (KL.) ― -b4- See also 1. [Anx*lwA, accord. to Freytag's Lex., They were destitute of aid, or assistance: they fled.] A man constantly abstaining from, or neglecting, the rendering of aid, or assistance. (IAar, S, K. * [In the K, this is not distinguished from xaA*ilN in the first of the senses assigned to this latter below. See also xa*uwlN.]) : see 1, in two places. One who often abstains from, or neglects, the rendering of aid, or assistance: so in the Kur xxv. 31, applied to the Devil; (TA;) because he forsakes the unbeliever, and declares himself to be clear of him, on the occasion of trial, or affliction. (Jel.) ― -b2- See also xaA*ilN. ― -b3- Also A mare that, when suffering from the pain of parturition, moves not from her place. (ISd, K.) ― -b4- xa*uwlu Alr~ijoli A man whose leg aids him not, in consequence of weakness, (S, * TA,) or of some evil affection, or of intoxication. (TA.) Abstaining from, or neglecting, the rendering of aid, or assistance. (S, K.) ― -b2- And Any one leaving, forsaking, or deserting. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, and ↓ xa*uwlN, (T, K,) A female gazelle, and a [wild] cow, holding back from going with her female companions, or remaining behind them, with her young one, in the place of pasturage: or remaining alone with him: (T:) or a female gazelle, &c., (K,) as, for instance, a [wild] cow, (TA,) holding back from going with her female companions, and remaining alone: or holding back, or remaining behind, not overtaking [the others]: (K:) or the latter signifies a female gazelle that has left, forsaken, or deserted, her young ones. (EM p. 60.) ― -b4- And the former, A female gazelle remaining attending to her young one; as also ↓ muxo*ilN. (K. [See 1.]) ― -b5- Also Routed, defeated, or put to flight. (IAar, K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. Having no aider, or assister. (Jel in xvii. 23.) x*m , (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xa*omN, (JK, S, TA,) He cut it, or cut it off: (S, K:) or he did so quickly: (JK, Z, TA:) and ↓ x*~mhu and ↓ tx*~mhu signify the same: (K:) or ↓ the second, inf. n. taxo*iymN, he cut it in pieces; (S, in which only the inf. n. is mentioned;) and so ↓ the third. (TA.) [It is like ja*amahu.] Hence, in a trad., xa*amuwA biAls~uyuwfi, said of men stopping the road, and robbing and slaying passengers, They cut, and smote, men with the swords. (TA.) And xa*ama lahu mino maAlihi xi*omapF He cut off for him a portion of his property. (JK.) ― -b2- Also, said of a hawk, He struck him, or it, with his talon, or claw. (IAar, K. *) -A2- xa*ima, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xa*omN, (TK, [as indicated in the K by its being said that the verb is like samiEa,]) It became cut, or cut off; as also ↓ tx*~m: (K:) [or] the latter is quasi-pass. of xa*~amahu [and therefore signifies it became cut in pieces]. (TA.) And xa*imati Aln~aEolu The [thong called] $isoE [q. v.] of the sandal became cut, or severed. (TA.) -A3- xa*ima, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xa*amN (S, TA) [and app. xa*amaAnN, q. v. infrà]; or xa*ama, [so in the JK, which may be also correct, agreeably with the primary signification of this verb, though the aor. is there said to be , which may perhaps be a mistranscription for ,] inf. n. xa*omN [there mentioned in two places] and xa*amN; (JK;) (tropical:) He was quick (JK, S, K, TA) in pace, or rate of going; (JK, S, TA;) as also ↓ Ax*m. (JK. [But this last may be erroneously taken from the phrase mar~a muxo*imFA, there immediately following; for this phrase may be mistranscribed for mar~a yaxo*amu, which I find in the TA.]) ― -b2- [And hence,] xa*amN signifies also (assumed tropical:) [The being liberal, or bountiful; (see the part. n. xa*imN;) or] the giving a gift, or making a present. (KL.) see 1, first sentence, in two places. see 1, in the latter part. -A2- Ax*m Aln~aEola He repaired the [thong called] $isoE of the sandal. (AA, TA.) [Here, as in many other instances, the A has a privative effect: see xa*imati Aln~aEolu, above.] as an intrans. v.: see 1, near the middle of the paragraph: -A2- as a trans. v.: see 1, first sentence, in two places. , [accord. to some, seems to signify The cutting off a thing for oneself:] accord. to some, Tiybu Aln~afosi [as meaning the being pleased, content, or willing: see xa*imN]. (Ham p. 703, q. v.) A cutting, or sharp, sword; (K;) as also ↓ xa*uwmN (JK, K) and ↓ mixo*amN; (JK, T, S, ISd, TA;) the last erroneously said in the K to be like muEaZ~amN. (TA.) One of the swords of Mo- hammad was named ↓ Almixo*amu: it was formerly the sword of El-Hárith El-Ghassánee. (TA.) ― -b2- A garment, or piece of cloth, altogether, or wholly, old and worn out. (TA.) [And in like manner, accord. to Freytag (who does not name his authority), ↓ xa*uwmN, applied to a scabbard of a sword, Lacerated and worn by use.] ― -b3- (tropical:) Quick, or swift of pace, applied to a horse; (JK, S;) and so ↓ xa*uwmN, applied to an ostrich. (S.) ― -b4- [And hence.] (tropical:) A man (JK, S) liberal, or bountiful, (S, K,) in giving; (S;) pleased, content, or willing, (JK, K, TA,) to be liberal or bountiful; plenteous in gifts: (TA:) pl. xa*imuwna: (JK, K:) it has no broken pl. (TA.) A snatching away; a snatch: and a stroke, or blow. (TA.) ― -b2- A certain mark (simapN) of camels: (JK, K:) an Islámee term: (K:) a certain mark of sheep or goats, (JK, T, TA,) being a slit across the ear, (T, TA,) which leaves the ear dried up. (JK, T, TA. [See xa*omaA='u.]) ― -b3- Also, [or xi*omapN, q. v.,] A space, or period, syn. saAEapN, (K,) [of the night, or of the day:] and xadomapN [or xidomapN] is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) [like ji*omapN] A piece cut off of a garment. (JK. [See also xu*aAmapN.]) A portion cut off from property. (JK.) A portion of the night. (JK. [See also xa*omapN.]) ― -b2- A company of men. (JK. [But perhaps this may be a mistake for xadamapN.]) A sheep or goat, ($aApN, JK, K,) or a she-goat, (S,) having the mark in the ear termed xa*omapN; (JK;) [i. e.] having the ear slit across, without its being separated: (S, K:) or a ewe having the extremity of her ear cut off. (T, TA.) [app. an inf. n. of xa*ima] Quickness of pace, or of rate of going. (TA.) : see xa*imN, in three places. An ear cut, or cut off: (K:) pl. xu*umN. (TA.) A piece cut off. (JK, K. [See also xi*omapN.]) : see xa*imN, in two places. xr , (S, A, K,) aor. (S, M, K) and , (M, K,) [the latter of which is anomalous,] inf. n. xariyrN, (S, A, Msb, K,) It (water) sounded; [i. e., murmured; rumbled; or gurgled;] (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ xaroxara, (A,) inf. n. xaroxarapN: (TA:) or xar~a, aor. , (IAar, T,) inf. n. xar~N, (IAar,) it (water) ran vehemently [so as to make a noise: as used in the present day, it ran, flowed, or trickled down; and leaked, or oozed, out: and also it ran so as to make a murmuring, or similar, sound]: (IAar, T:) and xur~a it was made to run: (TA: but the subject of this verb is not mentioned.) And xar~ato, (A, K,) aor. and , (K,) inf. n. xariyrN, It (the wind, Alr~iyHu) sounded; [i. e., murmured; rumbled; or rustled;] (A, K;) among reeds or canes; as also ↓ xaroxarato, (A,) inf. n. as above: (TA:) or the latter signifies it made a quick xariyr [or rustling] among reeds or canes or the like. (Lth.) Also It (an eagle, EuqaAb) made a rustling (Hafiyf) with its wings, in flying. (Lth, K.) And xar~a, (S,) inf. n. xariyrN, (K,) He (a man sleeping) snored, or made a sound in breathing; (S, K, * TA;) as also ↓ xaroxara, (S,) inf. n. xaroxarapN: (S, K:) and the latter, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) has the same signification when said of a leopard (K, * TA) in his sleep; (TA;) as also the former, inf. n. as above; (TA;) and when said of a cat; (K, * TA;) as also the former, (TA,) inf. n. xuruwrN (so in the CK and in a MS. copy of the K, but in the text of the K in the TA, xaruwrN,) and xariyrN; (TA;) [i. e. he made a loud purring in his sleep;] and it is likewise significant of the sound, or sounds, made by a person suffering strangulation. (S, TA: but of the verb applied in this last manner, only the inf. n., xaroxarapN, is mentioned.) And xar~a, aor. , It (a stone) made a sound in its descent. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xar~a, aor. (S, A, Msb, K) and , (K,) the latter of which is anomalous, (TA,) inf. n. xuruwrN (S, K) and xar~N, (K,) He, or it, fell, or fell down: (S, A, Msb, K:) originally, he, or it, fell, making a sound to be heard at the same time: afterwards used in the sense of falling absolutely: you say xar~a AlbinaA='u The building fell down: (TA:) and xar~a lil~`hi saAjidFA He fell down prostrating himself to God: (S, A, * TA:) or xar~a signifies He, or it, fell from a high to a low place: (K, TA:) so in the Kur [xxii. 32], fakaA^an~amaA xar~amina Als~amaA='i [He is as though he fell from the shy]. (A, * TA.) And xar~uwA liA^a*oqaAnihimo, inf. n. xuruwrN, [They fell down prostrate, with their chins to the ground: see the Kur xvii. 108 and 109:] (A:) [whence the saying,] EaSafato riyHu faxar~ati AlA^a$ojaAru liloA^a*oqaAni (tropical:) [A wind blew violently, so that the trees fell, or bent themselves, down to the ground]. (A.) ― -b3- You say also, xar~a, (TA,) inf. n. xar~N, (K,) meaning (assumed tropical:) He died: (K, TA:) because a man, when he dies, falls down. (TA.) In the Kur xxxiv. 13, it may mean (assumed tropical:) He died, or he fell down. (TA.) ― -b4- Also (xar~a) He stumbled after going right. (TA.) ― -b5- And xar~ato xaTaAyaAhu (assumed tropical:) His sins fell; [or fell from him; q. d. fell to the ground;] went away; or departed. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b6- And xar~a mina Aljabali, inf. n. xuruwrN, He, (a man,) and it, (a stone, &c.,) rolled down from the mountain. (TA.) ― -b7- And AlA^aEoraAbu yaxir~uwna mina AlbawaAdiY AlquraY (tropical:) The Arabs of the desert come down, or descend, from the deserts to the towns or villages. (A.) ― -b8- And xar~uwA EalayonaA, (TA,) inf. n. xar~N, (K,) (assumed tropical:) They came upon us suddenly, or unawares, from a place unknown. (K, * TA.) ― -b9- And xar~uwA (assumed tropical:) They came from one town, or country, or the like, to another. (TA.) ― -b10- And (assumed tropical:) They passed along, or away, or by. (TA.) ― -b11- xararota Eano yadayoka, or mino yadayoki, is a metonymical phrase, well known, meaning (tropical:) Mayest thou be confounded and stupified by shame; or, so as to be speechless and motionless: xrrt [properly] signifying saqaTota. (TA in the present art. and in art. Arb.) He made his arm, or hand, to fall, by a stroke of the sword. (Yaakoob, S, K.) He, (a man, TK,) or it, (the belly, TK,) became lax, or flabby. (K, TK.) [See also R. Q. 2.] It (a man's belly) quivered, or shook about, with bigness: (S, K:) or by reason of leanness. (TA.) [See also 7.] and ↓ xur~iY~N The luhowap of a mill or mill-stone; i. e. the place into which the wheat is thrown with the hand; (S;) the mouth of a mill or millstone. (K.) A she-cat that makes much loud breathing or purring (xariyr) in her sleep. (TA.) A depressed tract between two hills, (S, K,) stretching along: (S:) pl. A^axir~apN. (S, K.) The pl. occurs in a verse of Lebeed, commencing biA^axir~api Alv~alabuwti, as Khalaf El-Ahmar heard the Arabs recite it: so says A'Obeyd: (S:) but the common reading is biA^aHiz~ap, with H and z. (TA.) : see xur~N. A sounding [i. e. murmuring or gurgling] spring or source: (S:) or a running spring or source: so called because of the sound of its water: (IAar:) or a spring, or source, welling forth abundantly. (Msb.) ― -b2- See also xaAr~N. The sound of water: and of wind: and of an eagle making a rustling with its wings in flying. (K.) [See 1.] Water flowing (K) vehemently, (TA,) or copiously. (Ham p. 821.) part. n. of 1. (TA.) ― -b2- xur~aArN [is a pl. thereof: and] signifies (assumed tropical:) Men coming from one town, or country, or the like, to another; as also ↓ xar~aArapN: which latter signifies also (assumed tropical:) Men passing along, or away, or by. (TA.) xrA^ , aor. , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. xaraA='apN (S, Mgh, K) and ↓ xiraA='apN, (K,) which is the more chaste form, (O,) or this may be a quasi-inf. n., (El-Khattábee, Msb,) and, accord. to some, ↓ xiraA='N, (MF,) or this is a quasi-inf. n., (Lth, * Msb, K, * MF,) like SiyaAmN for SawomN, or, as some say, a pl. of xaro'N, (Msb, MF,) and xaro'N also is an inf. n., (S, K,) and xuruwo'N, (K, TA,) like quEuwdN, (TA,) or xuruwo'apN, (so in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK,) He voided his excrement, or ordure: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or xiraA='apN signifies the retiring alone, and sitting down, to satisfy a want [of nature]. (IAth.) : see what next follows. Human excrement, or ordure: (S, Mgh, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ xaro'N: (Msb, TA:) and sometimes applied to the dung of the dog, and of the field-rat, and of the ant, and of the fly: (TA:) pl. xuruwo'N, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) which is also a pl. of xaro'N, (Msb, TA,) and xuroA=nN, (K,) which is anomalous, and xuruw^N; (TA;) and some say that xiraA='N is a pl. of xaro'N. (Msb, MF.) : see 1. : see 1. act. part. n. of 1. (TA.) A place where excrement, or ordure, is voided; [a privy;] (S, K;) as also maxoraApN, (K,) and ↓ maxoruw^apN; (T, S, K, TA;) the last written in some copies of the K maxoriy^apN; and in one, mixoraA^apN. (TA.) : see what next precedes. xrb , (JK, S, A, Msb, &c.,) aor. , (JK, K,) inf. n. xaraAbN, (JK, S, * A, Mgh, * Msb, KL, TA,) said of a place, (S,) or a country, (A, Mgh, *) or a dwelling, or place of abode, (Msb,) or a house, (TK,) It was, or became, in a state of ruin, waste, uninhabited, depopulated, deserted, desolate, uncultivated, or in a state the contrary of flourishing: (JK, S, A, Mgh, KL, TA:) xaraAbN is the contr. of EimaArapN. (S.) ― -b2- xariba, aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xarabN, (S, Msb, K,) It had in it a slit, or a round perforation: (S:) or he had his ear slit, (Msb, K,) or bored with a round perforation. (Msb.) -A2- xaraba: see 4. ― -b2- Also, (Msb, K,) aor. , inf. n. xiraAbapN, (Msb,) He stole: (Msb:) or he became a thief, or robber. (K.) And xaraba A_ibila fulaAnK, (S, A, *) or xaraba biA_ibili fulaAnK, (K,) both mentioned as on the authority of Lh, (TA,) aor. , (S, A,) inf. n. xiraAbapN (S, A, K) and xaraAbapN and xarobN and xuruwbN, (K,) He stole the camels of such a one. (S, K.) ― -b3- xarabahu, (K,) aor. , inf n. xarobN, (TA,) He bored it, perforated it, or made a hole through it: or he slit it: (K, TA:) namely, a thing. (TA.) ― -b4- And He struck his xurobapN, (K,) meaning the part where the head of his thigh-bone was inserted; or xrbp here has some other of the significations assigned to it in this article. (TA.) see 4, in four places. , (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. A_ixoraAbN, (TA,) He reduced to ruin; or rendered waste, uninhabited, depopulated, deserted, desolate, uncultivated, or in a state the contrary of flourishing; (S, A, K;) a house, (S, K,) or a dwelling, or place of abode, (Msb,) or a country; (A;) as also ↓ xr~b, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. taxoriybN; (TA;) and ↓ xaraba, (K,) [inf. n. xaraAbN, as in the Kur ii. 108:] or ↓ xr~b signifies the same, but in a more extensive, or a superlative or an intensive sense: you say, xar~abuwA buyuwtahumo [They ruined their houses; the r being doubled because the verb has many objects: or they demolished their houses]. (S, TA.) buyuwtahumo ↓ yuxar~ibuwna, in the Kur [lix. 2], means They demolishing their houses: this is the reading of AA: all others read yuxoribuwna bywthm, meaning they going forth from their houses, and leaving them; (TA;) or evacuating their houses; or leaving them in a state of ruin. (Bd.) ― -b2- [Hence the saying,] AlA^amaAnaAtu ↓ Einodahu tuxar~abu (tropical:) [Deposits entrusted to him become lost, or perish]. (A.) It (a building) became demolished. (TA.) It (a skin for water or milk) became perforated with many holes; became full of holes. (A, TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) He became broken by misfortune. (JK, K.) ― -b3- Aisotaxorabotu lih`*aA AlA^amori (assumed tropical:) I lamented for this event, or case. (JK.) ― -b4- Astxrb A_ilayohi (assumed tropical:) He was angry with him; or was angry with him with the anger that proceeds from a friend; (wajada Ealayohi;) namely, one who had separated himself from him: (JK:) or he yearned towards, longed for, or desired, him. (K.) [in the CK, erroneously, taxar~aba,] It (the canker-worm) corroded a tree: (K, TA:) but accord. to some, this verb is [radically] quadriliteral, and as such it occurs again in the K [in art. nxrb]. (TA.) : see xurobapN, in five places: -A2- and see also xarabN. : see xurobapN, in seven places. -A2- Also The place where an elevated accumulation of sand terminates, (JK, S, * TA,) producing trees of the kind called gaDFA. (TA.) The male of the [species of bustard called] HubaAraY: (S, K:) or i. q. HubaAraY, absolutely: (TA:) pl. xirobaAnN. (S.) ― -b2- And hence, (A,) or ↓ xaribN, (JK,) or ↓ xarobN, (TA,) and ↓ xirib~aAnN, (K,) (tropical:) Cowardly; or a coward. (A, K, TA.) -A2- See also xurobapN, near the end of the paragraph. (S, TA) and ↓ xaraAbN (A, Msb) In a state of ruin, waste, uninhabited, depopulated, deserted, desolate, uncultivated, or in a state the contrary of flourishing; (S, A, TA;) applied to a place, (S,) or a country, (A,) or a dwelling, or place of abode. (Msb.) You say daArN xaribapN A house which its owner has reduced to ruin, or rendered uninhabited, &c. (S, TA.) [In the phrase, h`*aA juHoru Dab~K xaribK, meaning This is a deserted hole of a lizard of the kind called dabb, the word xrb is put in the gen. case EalaY AljiwaAri, i. e. because of its proximity to a preceding word in that case, not being so properly.] ― -b2- [Hence,] huwa xaribu AlEaZomi (tropical:) [He is without marrow in the bone]. (A, TA.) And xaribu AlA^amaAnapi (tropical:) [One in whom trust is not safely reposed]. (A, TA.) ― -b3- See also xaraAbN. -A2- And see xarabN. see the next paragraph, in two places. -A2- See also xirobapN. A hole, perforation, or bore; (Msb, TA;) whether round or not: (TA:) or any round hole or perforation or bore; (S, K, TA;) such as that of the ear; (TA;) [and] so ↓ xurobN: (A:) pl. [of mult.] of the former (in this and in other senses here following, K, * TA) xurabN (Msb, K) and xuruwbN, which latter is extr. [with respect to rule], and [of pauc.] A^axoraAbN [which is irregular as pl. of the former, but regular as pl. of the latter]. (K. [See also xurotN and xurotapN.]) [Hence,] xurobapN Als~inodiY~i The bore of the lobe of the ear, when not slit: [the Sindee being particularly noted by the Arabs for his pierced ears:] when slit, it is termed Als~inodiY~i ↓ xarobapN. (TA.) ― -b2- Width of the hole, or perforation, of the ear; (JK;) as also ↓ xarobN, (JK,) or ↓ xurobN, (A,) and ↓ A^axorabN, (K,) this last being a subst. like A^afokalN. (TA.) ― -b3- The eye of a needle: [like xurotN and xurotapN:] and the foramen of the anus: as also ↓ xurobN and ↓ xarobN and ↓ xar~aAbapN and ↓ xur~aAbapN and ↓ xuraAbapN; (K, MF;) in both of these senses, though this is not clearly shown in the K: (MF:) and likewise, of the vagina; the dual of xurobapN occurring in a trad., as some relate it, applied to the foramen of the anus and that of the vagina together: (TA:) and the last, ↓ xuraAbapN, also signifies any perforation like the eye of a needle. (K.) ― -b4- Alxurobapu and ↓ Alxurobu and ↓ AlxuraAbapu and ↓ Alxur~aAbapu The hole [or socket] of the hip, (S, TA,) where the head of the thigh-bone is inserted; as also xurobapu Alwariki and Alwrk ↓ xurobu and ↓ xarobu Alwrk and Alwrk ↓ xaraAbapu [or, probably, ↓ xuraAbap] and Alwrk ↓ xur~aAbapu and Alwrk ↓ xar~aAbapu: and the pl., A^axoraAbN, also signifies the lower extremities of the shoulder-blades. (TA.) ― -b5- And Alxurobapu, (A 'Obeyd, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or xurobapu AlmazaAdap, (A,) and ↓ Alxur~aAbap, and sometimes ↓ AlxuraAbap without tesh-deed, (TA,) [and perhaps ↓ Alxurobu also, (see xubonN,)] The loop of the [leathern water-bag called] mazaAdap; (A 'Obeyd, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) because of its round form: every mzAdp having two loops [whereby it is suspended upon either side of the camel], each of which is thus called; and two kidney-shaped pieces of leather (kuloyataAni) [at the two upper corners]; and the two loops are sewed to these. (TA. [See also xurotapN.]) -A2- A vice, or fault; (IAth, TA;) as also ↓ xarabapN: (K:) and corruption, or unsoundness, in religion; (JK, K;) as also ↓ xarabapN (JK, TA) and ↓ xarobapN [like HarobapN] (Mgh, * K) and ↓ xurobN and ↓ xarobN (K) and ↓ xarabN: and a quality inducing suspicion, or evil opinion: [a meaning app. belonging to all of the foregoing words:] (TA:) pl., of the first, xurubaAtN; and of the second, xarabaAtN: (JK:) also, the first (i. e. xurobapN), a crime: a bad, an evil, or a foul, word or saying: and a trial, or an affliction. (TA.) You say, maA fiyhi xurobapN There is not in him a vice, or fault. (TA.) And maA raA^ayonaA mino fulaAnK xurobapF (JK, TA) and ↓ xarobFA, (TA,) or ↓ xarabapF, (JK,) We have not seen in such a one unsoundness of religion nor anything disgraceful. (JK, TA.) ― -b2- faAr~N bixurobapK, occurring in a trad., means One who flees with a thing desiring to appropriate it to himself and to take possession of it unlawfully. (TA.) : see xaraAbN, in three places. -A2- Also The state, or condition, or guise, of him who is termed xaAribN: (K:) also explained as signifying a thing whereof one is ashamed: or as derived from [xarabapN, meaning] “ contemptibleness, and disgrace, or ignominy: ” or it may be ↓ xarobapN, meaning a single act [of a shamefal nature, or the like]. (Et-Tirmidhee, TA.) : see xurobapN, in three places, near the end of the paragraph. ― -b2- Also i. q. *il~apN [Baseness, vileness, &c.]: (K, TA:) in one copy of the K, zal~apN [a slip, lapse, fault, &c.]: (TA:) and disgrace, or ignominy, and contemptibleness. (TA.) ― -b3- And AlxarabapN signifies AlEaworapu [The part, or parts, of the person, which it is indecent to expose]. (K.) and its pls.: see xaraAbN, in five places. : see xarabN. inf. n. of xariba in the first of the senses explained above. (JK, S, * A, &c. [See 1, first sentence.]) ― -b2- [Then used as an epithet:] see xaribN. ― -b3- [And then used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, as appears from what follows;] contr. of EumoraAnN: (JK, A, K:) and ↓ xaribapN signifies [the same; or] mawoDiEu xaraAbK; (A, K;) as also ↓ xirobapN: (Lth, K:) [all may be rendered A ruin, or waste; a place, country, place of abode, or house, in a state of ruin, waste, uninhabited, depopulated, deserted, desolate, uncultivated, or in a state the contrary of flourishing:] the pl. of xaraAbN is A^xoribapN, (JK, K,) a pl. of pauc., (JK,) and xirabN, which latter is mentioned by El-Khattábee, (K,) as occurring in a trad. respecting the building of the mosque of El-Medeeneh: kaAna fiyhi naxolN waqubuwru Almu$orikiyna waxaribN faA^amara biAlxirabi fasuw~iyato [There were in it palm-trees, and the graves of the believers in a plurality of gods, and ruins; and he gave orders respecting the ruins, and they were levelled]: but IAth says that xirabN may be pl. of ↓ xaribapN, or of ↓ xirobapN: or it may be ↓ xaribN [coll. gen. n.] of ↓ xaribapN: and accord. to one reading of the trad., the word is HarovN, meaning “ a place ploughed for sowing: ” (TA:) [accord. to F,] the pl. of ↓ xirobapN, also, is xirabN: and the pl. of ↓ xaribapN is xaribN [mentioned above] and xaraAy^ibu [which is anomalous] and xaribaAtN. (K.) [Hence,] waqaEuwA ↓ fiY waAdiY xaribaAtK [They fell into a valley of ruins, or waste places, &c.]: (A, TA:) i. e., into destruction: (TA:) [a prov., of which there are various readings: see ja*abaAt, in art. j*b.] -A2- [Also inf. n. of xaraba as syn. with Axrb, q. v.] : see xurobapN. : see xurobapN, in five places. (Az, S, Mgh, K) and ↓ xuronuwbN, (Az, S, K,) mentioned by Az as radically quadriliteral, (TA in art. xrnb,) and ↓ xaronuwbN, (Mgh, K,) but this last is of weak authority, (TA,) or not allowable, (S,) a coll. gen. n.; n. un. with p; (TA;) A kind of tree, growing upon the mountains of Syria, having grains (Hab~) like those of the yanobuwt [q. v.], called by the children of El- 'Irák Alqiv~aA='u Al$~aAmiY~u, dry, or tough, and black: (Az, TA in art. xrnb:) a certain plant, (S, Mgh,) well known: (S:) said by some to be kind of tree [or plant] called xa$oxaA$ [i. e. poppy]: (Mgh:) certain trees, of which there are two kinds, wild (bar~iY~N), and Syrian ($aAmiY~N): (AHn, K:) the former kind is also called yanobuwtapN; (AHn;) and this is thorny, (AHn, K,) used as fuel, rising to the height of a cubit, having branches, (AHn,) with a fruit (AHn, K) black (A^aHam~u) and light, like bubbles, (AHn, TA,) in the copies of the K kaAlt~uf~aAHi, but correctly kaAln~ufaAxi, (TA,) disagreeable in taste, (AHn, K,) not eaten except in cases of difficulty, or distress; having grains (Hab~) which are hard and lubricous: (AHn:) the Syrian kind [is that to which the name of xr~wb is now commonly applied, the carob, or locust-tree; ceratonia siliqua; the fruit of which] is sweet, and is eaten; having grains (Hab~) like those of the yanobuwt, but larger; (AHn;) the fruit of this kind is like the xiyaAr $anobar [or cassia fistula], but wide; and from it are prepared an inspissated juice and [a kind of] sawiyq [or parched meal]. (AHn, K.) [Its grain is used as a weight: see qiyraATN and dirohamN and diynaArN.] : see xurobapN, in two places. : see xurobapN, in four places. and xaronuwbN: see xar~uwbN. A stealer of camels: (As, S, A:) and (by extension of its original meaning, TA) any thief, or robber: (JK, S:) dim. ↓ xuwayoribN: (TA:) and pl. xur~aAbN, (S, A, TA,) or A^axoraAbN. (JK.) [See also xirobapN.] : see what next precedes. Slit: or having a round hole or perforation: (S:) [fem. xarobaA='u; as in] A^u*unN xarobaA='u An ear having the lobe slit. (K.) ― -b2- A man, (S,) or a ram, (Msb,) having his ear slit; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ muxar~abN and muxar~amN; (TA;) from ↓ maxoruwbN signifying slit: (S:) and (so in the S and TA, but in the Msb “ or ” ) having his ear pierced, or bored: when it is slit (after the piercing, S, TA), he is said to be A^axoramu: (S, Msb, TA: [but see this last in art. xrm:]) and A^axorabu AlA^u*unayoni having the ears pierced, or bored: (AM, TA in art. xrt:) and xarobaA='u a female slave having the lobe of her ear slit [or pierced, or bored]: and ↓ muxar~abapN a female slave having her ear [slit or] pierced, or bored: (TA:) and xarobaA='u a she-goat having her ear slit, but so that the slit is not long nor wide. (K.) -A2- A^axorabN: see xurobapN. An empty bee-hive, (K,) in which honey has not been collected. (TA.) , and its fem. (with p): see A^axorabu. : see A^axorabu. sing. of naxaAriybu, (TA,) which latter signifies Holes like those of hornets' nests: and the holes, or cells, (prepared with wax, K in art. nxrb,) in which the bees deposit their honey. (K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, txAryb.]) Accord. to some, the n is a radical letter. (TA.) xrt , (K,) aor. , inf. n. xarotN, (TK,) He perforated, bored, or pierced, (K,) the ear, (TK,) or a thing. (TA.) And xarata A^anofa Aljamali [It perforated, or slit, (see the pass. part. n., below,) the nose of the camel]: said of the xi$aA$ [or wooden thing that is inserted in the bone of the camel's nose]. (A.) -A2- xaratonaA AlA^aroDa We knew the land and its roads. (Ks, S.) [Golius omits this; but mentions, as on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof, xarita, signifying He was skilful, or expert, in showing the way. What Ibn-Maaroof says, however, is that the inf. n. xaratN signifies the being acquainted with a road; and, with a place. See xir~iytu.] : see what next follows, in two places. The perforation, bore, or hole, (S, A, K,) of a needle; [i. e. its eye;] (S, A; [see also xurotapN;] and of the ear, (S,) or in the ear, [but see xurotapN,] &c.; (A, K;) and of the faA^os, [i. e. hoe, or adz, or axe,] (S, A, TA,) meaning, of the handle thereof; (A, TA;) as also xurapN; (Fr, TA in art. xrw;) [see again xurotapN;] and ↓ xarotN signifies the same: (A, K:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axoraAtN (S, A) and [of mult.] xuruwtN. (S.) You say A^aDoyaqu mino xuroti AlA_iborapi [Narrower than the eye of the needle]. (A.) And maDaAyiqu kaA^axoraAti AlA_ibari [Narrow passes like the eyes of needles]. (A.) The xurot of a sandal is The hole, or perforation, of the *uw^aAbap [q. v.], into which the thong [called the $iraAk] enters. (An anon. Arabic MS. in my possession.) ― -b2- Also The rings at the heads [or extremities] of [camels' plaited fore-girths of the kind called] nusuwE; and so [the pls.] xuratN (K) and A^axoraAtN: (S, K:) and ↓ xurotapN signifies one of these; (K;) i. e. the ring in which is [inserted the end of] the nisoEap. (TA.) [Hence the phrase,] qaliqa xurotu fulaAnK [lit. The rings of the fore-girths of the camels of such a one became unsteady; meaning] (tropical:) the state of such a one became disordered, or perverted. (A, TA.) And similar to this are the phrases, raAda xurotu Alqawomi and raAdato A^axoraAtuhumo, [in the TA zAd and zAdt, but the comparison evidently shows that the verbs should be rAd and rAdt,] said of a people when they do not receive or entertain hospitably him who alights at their place of abode: so says IAar on the authority of Es-Saloolee. (TA.) ― -b3- See also xurotapN. ― -b4- Also A small rib, at, or near, the breast; and so ↓ xarotN: (K:) pl. A^axoraAtN, which Lth explains as meaning the ribs at, or near, the breast, collectively. (TA.) ― -b5- And [the pl.] A^axoraAtN signifies The obscure roads or ways, and the narrow passes, of a desert. (TA.) : see xurotN. ― -b2- Its pl. A^axoraAtN, [also pl. of ↓ xurotN, (see xubonN,)] in the formation of which the p of the sing. seems to have been considered as elided, also signifies The loops of a [leathern water-bag such as is called] mazaAdap: it is said in the T that in the mzAdp are its AxrAt, the loops between which is the qaSabap [commonly signifying cane, or reed, but here app. meaning the mouth, which has the form of a short cylinder, and is in the middle of the upper part of the mzAdp, between the two loops, these being at the two upper corners], whereby [app. referring to the AxrAt] it is carried [and suspended on the side of a camel, counterpoised by another mzAdp on the other side of the camel]: and AM adds that one says [also] A^axoraAbu AlmazaAdapi, sing. xurobapN [q. v.]; and in like manner, xurobapu AlA^u*uni [“ the bore of the ear ” ]; with b: and gulaAmN A^axorabu AlA^u*unayoni [“ a boy having his ears pierced, or bored ”]: he says, also, that the xurotap, with t, is [the hole] in the iron of the faA^os, and [the eye] of the needle; and the xurobap, with b, is in the skin: and AA says that xurotapN signifies the eye of the [kind of needle called] $agiyzap, i. e. the misal~ap: (TA:) and Lth says that it signifies a round hole. (TA in art. Hrt.) Two stars, (K,) of the stars of the Lion, two whips' lengths apart, [(see sawoTN,) in] the two shoulder-blades of the Lion, (TA,) also called zuborapu AlA^asadi, (K,) [composing the Eleventh Mansion of the Moon: (see zuborapN: and see also manaAzilu Alqamari, in art. nzl:)] the word is mentioned here in the K, as though it were of the measure faEaAlaAni; but accord. to Kr and others, it is dual of xaraApN, belonging to art. xrw, in which it is again mentioned in the K: (TA:) accord. to ISd, however, only the dual form is known, and the radical t and the augmentative t [by which latter is meant p] are in the dual alike: (TA in art. xrw:) Zj asked Th respecting the xrAtAn, and he answered, IAar says that they are two stars, of those of the Lion; and Aboo-Nasr, the companion of As, says that they are two stars in the zbrp of the Lion, i. e. in the middle thereof; but in my opinion they are two stars after [i. e. to the eastward of] the jabohap and the qalob: Zj disapproved of this, and replied, I say that they are two stars in that part of the breast which is the stabbing-place, derived from xurotu AlA_iborapi, “ the eye of the needle: ” but Th rejoined, that this was an error, because the word is the dual of xaraApN; and he cited some verses in which a poet speaks of certain stars in the Lion, and, among them, of AlxaraApu. (MF, TA.) (S, A, K) and xir~iytN mir~iytN (Sh) A skilful, or an expert, guide of the way; (Sh, S, K;) one who pursues the right course to the A^axoraAt, i. e. the obscure roads or ways, and the narrow passes, of the deserts; or who pursues the right course in a way that may be likened to the xurot [or eye] of the needle: (TA:) or skilful; applied to a man, and [particularly] to a guide: (A:) pl. xaraAritu, occurring in a verse [perhaps used by poetic licence for the regular pl. xaraAriytu]. (S.) A strait, direct, or right, road or way. (K.) originally Perforated, bored, or pierced. (TA.) ― -b2- Then, (TA,) Having the nose slit; (K;) [and] so maxoruwtu AlA^anofi, applied to a camel: (A, TA:) or mxrwt signifies having a slit lip. (S, K.) xrv The utensils and furniture of a house or tent: (S, Mgh, K:) and the refuse, or the worthless or mean or vile articles, thereof; (S, A, Mgh;) thus accord. to the lawyers: (Mgh:) or bad furniture and utensils: (A:) or the worst thereof, and of spoils: (K:) or [rubbish,] such as a fragment of a bowl, and ashes, and [the dung that is termed] baEor, of a house: (AZ, TA in art. AsY:) [pl. xaraAviY~N.] You say, naqaluwA xuroviY~a mataAEihimo They removed the worthless articles of their furniture and utensils. (A.) ― -b2- [Hence,] fulaAnN yasomaEu xuroviY~a AlkalaAmi (tropical:) Such a one hears language in which is no good. (A, TA.) And A^aloqaY fulaAnN xaraAviY~a and xaraAviY~a qawolihi (tropical:) [Such a one cast forth the unprofitable things of his mind and the unprofitable things of his speech]. (A, TA.) xrj , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. , (L,) inf. n. xuruwjN and maxorajN, (S, Msb, K,) He, or it, went, came, passed, or got, out, or forth; issued, emanated, proceeded, went, or departed; contr. of daxala; (TA;) mina AlmawoDiEi [from the place]. (Msb.) One says, xaraja maxorajFA HasanFA [He, or it, went, came, passed, or got, out, or forth, &c., well: and it turned out well]. (S.) [And xaraja mino TaAEatihi: see TaAy^iEN, in art. TwE. When xaraja means It was disbursed, or expended, the inf. n. is xarojN.] xaraja bihi [lit. He went out, &c., with him, or it]: see 4. (TA.) yawomu Alxuruwji [The day of going forth] means the day of the Eiyd [or festival]. (A, TA, from a trad.) And [as used in the Kur l. 41] The day when men shall come forth from their graves; (TA;) a name of the day of resurrection. (AO, K.) ― -b2- [(assumed tropical:) It became excluded by a definition or a rule or the like, or by a portion thereof.] manoSuwbN EalaY Alxuruwji is a phrase of the Basree grammarians, said of the objective complement of a verb, meaning (assumed tropical:) Put in the accus. case as being out of the predicament of the subject and that of the attribute. (TA.) ― -b3- xaraja mino A^amorK (assumed tropical:) [He got out of, escaped from, extricated himself from, evaded, or became quit of, affair, or a state]. (ISh, TA in art. nks.) [And xarajamino HaAlK A_ilaY HaAlK (assumed tropical:) He passed from one state to another state. And xaraja mino diynihi (assumed tropical:) He quitted, or forsook, his religion. And xaraja mino dayonihi, and mn maraDihi, (assumed tropical:) He became quit of his debt, and of his disease.] And xaraja A_ilaY fulaAnK mino dayonihi (assumed tropical:) He paid such a one his debt: a phrase used in law. (TA.) [And xaraja EalaY Als~uloTaAni, and Eano A^amori Als~uloTaAni, (assumed tropical:) He rebelled against the Sultán.] And xarajato EalaY xiloqapi Aljamali (tropical:) [She became formed like the he-camel]; said of a she-camel that is termed ↓ muxotarajapN. (S, A, K.) And xaraja A_ilaY Alba*aA='a (assumed tropical:) [He became foul, or obscene, in his language]. (L and K in art. xn*.) And xaraja fiY AlEilomi waAlS~inaAEapi, inf. n. xuruwjN, (tropical:) He was, or became, conspicuous in science and art. (A, TA. [See also 5.]) ― -b4- maA A^aHosana xuruwjahaA, said of a cloud (saHaAbap), (tropical:) How good is its first rising from the horizon! (A.) [You say also, xaraja Als~aHaAbu, inf. n. xuruwjN, meaning (assumed tropical:) The clouds became extended, or expanded: see xarojN.] And xarajati Als~amaA='u (tropical:) The sky became clear, after having been cloudy. (T, A.) , inf. n. taxoriyjN, [sometimes resembles in signification A^axoraja:] see the inf. n. voce xariyjN. ― -b2- [(assumed tropical:) He resolved, explained, or rendered, a saying. EalaY h`*aA xar~ajuwA qawola ka*aA (assumed tropical:) According to this meaning &c. they have resolved, explained, or rendered, such a saying, is a phrase of frequent occurrence in the larger lexicons &c.] ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) He educated, disciplined, or trained, well a youth: and in like manner, a horse [and a camel; for muxar~ajN, as is indicated in the K voce mudar~abN, applied to a camel, is syn. with muw^ad~abN]. (IAar.) You say, xr~jhu fiY AlA^adabi, (S, A, * K,) inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He educated, disciplined, or trained, him well in polite accomplishments; i. e. a teacher, his pupil. (TA.) -A2- [He, or it, rendered a thing A^axoraj, i. e. of two colours, white and black: &c.] You say, Aln~ujuwmu tuxar~iju All~awona The stars render the colour [of a thing, such as an expanse of water,] a mixture of black and white, by reason of its blackness and their whiteness. (TA.) And xr~j All~awoHa, (A, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) He (a boy, A) wrote upon part of the tablet and left part of it without writing. (A, * K.) And xr~j kitaAbFA (tropical:) He wrote a book leaving [blank] the places [of the titles] of the sections and chapters. (A.) And xr~j AlEamala, (A, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He made the work to be of different kinds. (A, K, * TA.) And xr~jti Alr~aAEiyapu AlmaroEaY, inf. n. as above, The pasturing animals ate part of the pasture and left part. (S, * A, K, * TA. [See also 4.]) And A^aroDN fiyhaA taxoriyjN: and EaAmN fiyhi taxoriyjN, and EAm *uw taxoriyjK: see A^axoraju. i. q. AlmunaAhadapu biAlA^aSaAbiEi, (S, TA,) i. e. (TA) One person's putting forth as many of his fingers as he pleases, and the other's doing the like: (K, TA:) [or the playing at the game called morra; micare digitis: see xariyjN. You say, xArjhu He played with him at the game of morra. See also 6.] ― -b2- xaArajahumo, [inf. n. as above,] He contributed with them to the expenses of a journey or an expedition against an enemy, sharing equally with each of them; like naAhadahumo. (L in art. nhd.) ― -b3- And xArjhu He made an agreement with him, namely, his slave, that he (the latter) should pay him a certain import at the expiration of every month; (Mgh, L, TA;) the slave being left at liberty to work: (L, TA:) in which case the slave is termed ↓ EabodN maxaArajN. (Mgh, L, TA.) , (S, Msb, K, &c,) inf. n. [A_ixoraAjN and] bihi, (S, K,) He made, or caused, him, or it, to go, come, pass, or get, out, or forth; to issue, emanate, proceed, or depart: [he put, cast, or thrust, him, or it, out, or forth; expelled, ejected, or dislodged, him, or it: he took, led, drew, or pulled, him, or it, out, or forth: he gave it forth: he, or it, produced it:] as also bihi ↓ xaraja: [but it should be observed that this latter properly and generally denotes accompaniment, like *ahaba bihi; and may be literally rendered he went, came, passed, or got, out, or forth, with him, or it:] and ↓ Axtrj, also, is syn. with A^axoraja; as in the saying, in a trad., faA@xotaraja tamaraAtK mino qirobapK [And he took forth, or took forth for himself (accord. to a property of many erbs of this form), some dates from a water-skin]: (TA:) [so, too, is ↓ Astxrj; as meaning he took, led, drew, or pulled, out, or forth: but this generally implies some degree of effort, or labour; as does also ↓ Axtrj; and likewise, desire: i. e. it means he sought, or endeavoured, to make a thing come forth: the former is also syn. with A^abodaEahu (q. v.) and A^aHodavahu: and both of them signify, and so does Axrj in many instances, he drew out, or forth; extracted; educed; produced; elicited; fetched out by labour or art; got out; or extorted: this is what is meant by its being said that] ↓ AlAisotixoraAju is syn. with AlAisotinobaATu, (S, K,) and so is ↓ AlAixotiraAju. (K.) A^axorijoniY maxoraja SidoqK, in the Kur xvii. 82, means Cause Thou me to go forth from Mekkeh in a good, or an agreeable, manner, so that I may not turn my heart [or affections] towards it: (Jel: [see also various similar explanations in Bd:]) or mxrj is here a n. of place, or, accord. to the more approved opinion, of time. (TA.) ― -b2- Axrj maA fiY Sadorihi (assumed tropical:) [He vented that which was in his bosom, or mind]. (TA in art. srH.) ― -b3- [Axrj said of a definition or a rule or the like, or of a portion thereof, means (assumed tropical:) It excluded something.] ― -b4- Axrjhu mina AlA^amori (assumed tropical:) [He excluded him from participation in the affair]. (TA in art. HDn, &c.) -A2- Axrj [intrans.] He paid his xaraAj; (K;) i. e. his land-tax, and poll-tax. (TA.) -A3- He hunted ostriches such as are termed xurojN, (K, TA, [in the CK Alxaraja is erroneously put for Alxuroja,]) pl. of A^axoraju. (TA.) ― -b2- He married to a woman of brown complexion, white intermixed with black, whose parents were, one, white, and the other, black. (T, K.) ― -b3- (tropical:) He passed a year of fruitfulness and sterility, (K, TA,) or half fruitful and half sterile. (TA.) ― -b4- Axrjti Alr~aAEiyapu (tropical:) The pasturing animals ate part of the pasture and left part. (K, TA. [See also 2.]) [(assumed tropical:) It (a saying) was resolved, explained, or rendered. EalaY h`*aA yataxar~aju qawolu ka*aA (assumed tropical:) According to this meaning &c. is, or may be, resolved, explained, or rendered, such a saying, is a phrase of frequent occurrence in the larger lexicons &c. ― -b2- ] (tropical:) He was, or became, well educated or disciplined or trained, (A, * TA,) in polite accomplishments, (S, K, TA,) or in science and art. (A. [See also 1: and see 2, of which it is quasi-pass.]) i. q. tanaAhudN; (S;) similar to muxaArajapN with the fingers, as explained above. (TA.) You say, txArjwA, meaning tnAhdwA [i. e. They played together, one putting forth as many of his fingers as he pleased, and another doing the like: or they played together at the game called morra: see xariyjN]. (A.) ― -b2- txArjwA is also syn. with tnAhdwA as meaning They contributed equally to the expenses which they had to incur on the occasion of a journey, or an expedition against an enemy; or contributed equal shares of food and drink. (L in art. nhd.) ― -b3- And txArjA They (two copartners, K, TA, or two coinheritors, TA) became quit of claim to sharing property by one's taking the house and the other's taking the land; (K, * TA;) or by selling the property by mutual consent and then dividing it; or by one's taking ready money and the other's taking a debt. (TA.) see 4, in three places: and see also 10. He (a ram, K, or an ostrich, S, K) was, or became, A^axoraj, i. e., of two colours, white and black; as also ↓ AxrAj~. (S, K.) : see 4, in two places. You say, Aisotaxorajotu Al$~aYo'a mina AlmaEodini I extracted the thing from the mine, clearing it from its dust. (Msb.) And AisotixoraAju AlmuEam~aY matobaEapN liloxawaATiri (assumed tropical:) [The eliciting of the meaning of that which is made enigmatical is a cause of fatigue to minds]. (A in art. tEb.) ― -b2- [Also (assumed tropical:) He tilled land, and made it productive. (See K voce gaAmirN.]) And Ausotuxorijati AlA^aroDu (assumed tropical:) The land was put into a good state for sowing or planting. (AHn, TA.) ― -b3- Astxrjhu and ↓ Axtrjhu He asked him, or petitioned him, to go, or come, out, or forth; or he desired of him that he should go, or come, out, or forth. (TA.) see 9. [originally an inf. n.] Outgoings, disbursements, expenditure, or expenses; what goes out, or is expended, of a man's property; contr. of daxolN. (S, K.) ― -b2- See also xaraAjN, throughout. ― -b3- Also, (S, L, K,) and ↓ xuruwjN, (L,) Clouds when first rising and appearing: (S, L, K:) or the rain that comes forth from clouds: (Akh:) or the xuruwj of clouds is their becoming extended, or expanded. (TA. [See 1.]) : see xaraAjN. -A2- Also A well-known kind of wiEaA='; [a pair of saddle-bags; i. e. a double bag, or double sack, for the saddle;] (S, Msb, K;) a juwaAliq having two corresponding receptacles [the mouths whereof are generally closed by means of loops which are inserted one into another]: (TA:) [also, app., a single saddle-bag; and xurojaAni a pair of saddle-bags: (see badiydN:)] an Arabic word, (S,) accord. to the more correct opinion; but said by some to be arabicized: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] xirajapN (S, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] A^axoraAjN. (TA.) [The quality of being of] two colours, white and black. (S, K. [See A^axoraju.]) [n. un. of 1: pl. xarajaAtN]. You say, maA xaraja A_il~aA xarojapF waAHidapF He went not, or came not, out, or forth, save once: and maA A^akovara xarajaAtika How many are thy goings, or comings, out, or forth! (A.) (S, K *) and wal~aAjN ↓ xar~aAjN and waluwjN ↓ xaruwjN (TA in art. wlj) A man frequently going, or coming, out and in: (S, K, TA:) and the second phrase [and app. the others likewise] (tropical:) a man of much cleverness, ingenuity, or acuteness, and artifice, or cunning; (K, TA;) (tropical:) a man who uses art, artifice, or cunning, in the disposal, or management, of affairs: (A:) or (tropical:) one who does not hasten in an affair from which he cannot easily escape when he desires to do so. (TA.) (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ xarojN, (S, Msb, K,) both also written with damm, [i. e. ↓ xuraAjN and ↓ xurojN,] (K,) but the former mode of writing them is that which more commonly obtains, (TA,) i. q. A_itaAwapN; (S, K;) A tax, or tribute, which is taken from the property of people; an impost, or a certain amount of the property of people, which is given forth yearly; a tax upon lands &c.: (TA:) or the revenue, or gain, derived from land, (A, Mgh, Msb,) or from a slave, (Mgh,) or also from a slave: (A:) and then applied to the land-tax, which is taken by the Sultán: (A, Mgh:) and the poll-tax paid by the free non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government: (A, Mgh, Msb:) or xaraAjN signifies especially a land-tax: and ↓ xarojN, a poll-tax: (IAar:) or the former also signifies the poll-tax paid by the free non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government: it is a term which was applied to a yearly land-tax which 'Omar imposed upon the people of the Sawád [of El-'Irák]: then, to the landtax which the people of a land taken by convention agreed to pay; and their lands were termed xaraAjiy~apN: accord. to Bd, it is a name for the proceeds of land: and has then been used to signify the profits arising from possessions; such as the revenue derived from the increase of lands, and from slaves and animals: accord. to Er-Ráfi'ee, its primary signification is an impost which the master requires to be paid him by his slave: accord. to Zj, ↓ xarojN is an [obsolete] inf. n.: and xaraAjN, a name for that which comes forth: and he also explains the latter word by faYo'N: and ↓ xarojN, by DariybapN and jizoyapN: (TA:) the pl. (of xaraAjN, L, TA) is A^axoraAjN and A^axaAriyju [a pl. pl.] and A^axorijapN. (S, K.) AlxaraAju biAlD~amaAni, a saying ascribed to Mohammad, (K, TA,) occurring in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, of disputed authority, but affirmed by several authors to be genuine, means, accord. to most of the lawyers, (TA,) The revenue derived from the slave is the property of the purchaser because of the responsibility which he has borne for him: (A, * Mgh, * K, TA:) for one purchases a slave, and imposes upon him the task of producing a revenue for a time, and then may discover in him a fault which the seller had concealed; wherefore he has a right to return him and to receive back the price; but the revenue which he had required the slave to produce is his lawful property, because he had been responsible for him; and if he had perished, part of his property had perished: (K, * TA:) in a similar manner IAth explains it, as relating to a male or female slave or to other property. (TA.) ― -b2- ↓ xarojN and xaraAjN as used in the Kur xxiii. 74 mean A recompense, or reward. (Fr.) Some, for ↓ xarojFA, in this instance, read xaraAjFA. (TA.) ― -b3- And xaraAjN is also used as meaning (tropical:) The taste of fruit; this being likened to the xrAj of lands &c. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b4- See also xariyjN, in five places. Pimples, or small swellings or pustules: [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with p: (Mgh, Msb:) or [the kind of pustule termed] dum~al, and the like, that come forth upon the body: (Mgh:) or purulent pustules, or imposthumes, (S, K,) that come forth upon the body: (S:) or a spontaneous swelling that comes forth upon the body: or an ulcerous swelling that comes forth upon a beast of the equine kind and upon other animals: pl. [of pauc.] A^axorijapN and [of mult.] xirojaAnN. (TA.) -A2- See also xaraAjN. : see xaArijN, and xuraHapN. ― -b2- Also A horse that outstrips in the race. (TA.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) A horse having a neck so long that, by reason of its length, he plucks away at unawares (yagotaAlu) every bridle that is attached to his bit: (A, * L, K: *) and in like manner, without p, a mare. (TA.) ― -b4- And A she-camel that lies down apart from the [other] camels: (K:) and one excellent in the pace termed Eanaq, that goes before others: (TA:) pl. xurujN, (K, TA,) [in the CK xurojN, but it is] with two dammehs. (TA.) an inf. n. of 1. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- See also xarojN. (S, K) and ↓ xaraAjN and ↓ taxoriyjN (TA) A certain game, (S, K, TA,) played by the Arab youths, (TA,) in which they say ↓ xaraAji xaraAji: (S, K, TA:) accord. to ISk, you say, laEiba ↓ AlS~iboyaAnu xaraAji [The boys played at xrAj], with kesr to the j: Fr says, xrAj is the name of a well-known game of the Arabs, in which one of the players holds a thing in his hand and says to the others, Elicit ye (A^axorijuwA) what is in my hand: in the T, ↓ xrAj and xryj are explained by the word muxaArajapN [meaning micare digitis; and hence it appears that the game thus termed, accord. to the T, is the morra, a game common in ancient and modern Italy, and in very remote times in Egypt, in which one of the players puts forth some, or all, of his fingers, and another is required to name instantly the number put forth, or to do the same]; and it is there added, that it is A game of the Arab youths: Aboo-Dhueyb El-Hudhalee says, A^aziqato lahu *aAta AlEi$aA='i kaA^an~ahu maxaAriyqu yudoEaY taHotahun~a xariyju I was sleepless in consequence of it, (referring to lightning,) at nightfall, as though it were kerchiefs twisted for the purpose of beating with them, under which was uttered the cry xryj; likening the thunder to the cry of the players: but Aboo-'Alee says that xryj [thus used] is incorrect; that he should have said ↓ xaraAji, but that the rhyme required him to say xryj. (TA.) Countries subject to a [xaraAj, or] tax upon their lands. (MF.) : see xaArijN, and xurajapN. has the meaning of a pass. part. n.: (S, K:) you say, huwa xir~iyju fulaAnK (tropical:) He is, or has been, well educated or disciplined or trained by such a one (S, A, * K *) in polite accomplishments, (S, K,) or in science and art. (A.) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ xaruwjN and [in an intensive or a frequentative sense] ↓ xar~aAjN Going, coming, passing, or getting, out, or forth; issuing, emanating, proceeding, or departing: [the second signifying doing so much: and the third, doing so much or frequently.] (TA.) ― -b2- [External; extrinsic; foreign:] the exterior, or outside, of anything. (TA.) You say, kunotu xaArija Ald~aAri [I was outside the house]: (A:) [or,] accord. to Sb, xaArij is not used adverbially unless with the particle [fiY]. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence, AlxaAriju as meaning (assumed tropical:) What is external, or extrinsic, to the mind; what is objective; reality. (See also xaArijiY~N.) And fiY AlxaAriji (assumed tropical:) In what is external, or extrinsic, to the mind; &c.]. [fem. of xaArijN: and sing. of xawaAriju used as a subst.]. ― -b2- AlxawaAriju in the phrase Ald~awaAxilu waAlxawaAriju means The arches, or vaults, and niches, in the inner side of a wall; AldwAxl meaning the figured forms, and inscriptions, upon a wall, executed with gypsum or otherwise: or AldwAxl wAlxwArj means the ornamental [depressed and] projecting forms of a building, differing from the forms adjacent thereto. (Msb, from a saying of Esh-Sháfi'ee.) ― -b3- xawaAriju AlmaAli (assumed tropical:) The mare and the female slave and the she-ass. (K.) ― -b4- xarajato xawaArijuhu (tropical:) His generosity became apparent, and he applied himself to the sound management of affairs, (K, * TA,) and became intelligent like others of his class, after his youth, or ignorant and youthful conduct. (TA.) One who makes himself a lord, or chief, (S, K, TA,) and goes forth [from his party, or fellows], and becomes elevated, or exalted, (TA,) without his having noble ancestry: (S, K, TA:) and it is also said to signify anything that surpasses, or excels its kind and fellows: (TA:) accord. to Abu-l-'Alà, in ancient times, before El-Islám, it was applied to a courageous, or generous, man, the son of a coward or niggard, and the like: ― -b2- and in like manner, to a A fleet, or swift, horse; or one excellent in running; or that outstrips others; not the offspring of a sire and dam possessing the like qualities: [and in the TA, the coll. gen. n. xaArijiy~apN is explained as applied to such horses:] ― -b3- then, in the times of El-Islám, it was applied to A rebel: and a heretic. (Ham p. 188.) [The pl.] AlxawaAriju is the appellation of A party [of heretics, or schismatics,] of those following erroneous opinions, having a singular, or particular, persuasion: (K:) they are [said by some to be] the Haruwriy~ap [q. v.]; and the xaArijiy~a are [said to be] a sect of them; and they consist of seven sects: (TA:) they were so called because they went forth from, (as in one copy of the K,) or against, (as in other copies,) the rest of the people; (K, TA;) or from the religion, or from the truth, or from 'Alee after [the battle of] Siffeen. (TA.) ― -b4- [Also (assumed tropical:) Relating to what is external, or extrinsic, to the mind; objective; real. Hence, AlA^umuwru AlxaArijiy~apu (assumed tropical:) The things that are external, or extrinsic, to the mind; the things that are considered objectively; real things; opposed to AlA^umuwru Al*~ihoniy~apu. (See also xaArijN.)] [ fem. of xaArijiY~N: ― -b2- and also a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is xaArijiY~N.] A certain sort of palm-trees, (L, K, *) well known. (K.) [ pl. of xaArijapN: ― -b2- and also of xaArijiY~N as an epithet applied to a man &c., not as a rel. n.] A ram, (S, K,) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) a male ostrich, (AA, S, A, K,) of two colours, white and black: (S, A, * K:) or a male ostrich of a colour in which black predominates over white, like the colour of ashes: and in this sense also applied to a mountain: (Lth, TA:) and a goat half white and half black: and a horse of which the belly, and the sides as far as the back, but not the back itself, are white, and the rest of any colour: (TA:) fem. xarojaA='u: (A, TA:) which is applied to a female ostrich: (A:) and to a ewe or she-goat having white hind legs and flanks: (AZ, S:) or a ewe that is black, with one hind leg, or both hind legs, and the flanks, white; the rest being black: (TA:) or a ewe white in the hinder part, half of her being white, and the other half of any colour: (T, TA:) and a small isolated mountain (qaArapN) of two colours, (A, TA,) white and black: (A:) pl. xurojN. (K.) Also (tropical:) A garment white and red; rendered so by being besmeared with blood. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, A_in~aA A_i*aA mu*okiY AlHuruwbi A^ar~ajaA walabisato lilomawoti vawobFA A^axorajaA (so in the TA: in the S, jul~FA AxrjA:) meaning (tropical:) [Verily we, when the inflamer of wars excites them, and] they (the wars) have put on, for death, a garment white and red, rendered so by being besmeared with blood: i. e., have been rendered notable like a thing that is black and white. (S, TA.) ― -b2- AlA^axoraju The [bird called] muk~aA='; (K;) because of its colour. (TA.) ― -b3- A^aroDN xarojaA='u (TA) and ↓ muxar~ajapN (Sh, S, K) and ↓ fiyhaA taxoriyjN (TA) (tropical:) Land having plants, or herbage, in one place and not in another: (S, K, TA:) that has been rained upon, and has produced herbs, in some parts and not in others: (Sh:) or the second means land upon which rain has not fallen. (L in art. SH.) ― -b4- EaAmN A^axoraju (TA) and ↓ muxar~ajN (A, TA) and ↓ fiyhi taxoriyjN (S, A, K) and *uw taxoriyjK (K) (tropical:) A year of fruitfulness, or of abundant herbage, and of sterility: (S, A, K, TA:) or half fruitful, or abundant in herbage, and half sterile. (TA.) an inf. n. of 1. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- Also A place of xuruwj [i. e. of going, coming, passing, or getting, out, or forth; a place of egress, or exit; an outlet]: (S, K, TA:) pl. maxaAriju. (TA.) You say, wajadotu fiY AlA^amori maxorajFA (assumed tropical:) I found, in the affair, or case, a place [or way] of escape, evasion, or safety. (Msb.) And fulaAnN yaEorifu mawaAlija AlA^umuwri wamaxaArijahaA (tropical:) Such a one knows the ways of entering into affairs and those of withdrawing himself out of them. (A, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence, A privy: used in this sense in the S and K in art. H$, &c. ― -b4- And The anus: used in this sense in the Msb in art. Hqn.] ― -b5- Also A time of xuruwj [i. e. of going, &c., out, or forth; of egress, or exit]. (TA.) ― -b6- fulaAnN Hasanu Almadoxali wAlmaxoraji means (assumed tropical:) Such a one is good, and laudable, in his way of acting, or conduct. (TA in art. dxl.) an inf. n. of the trans. v. A^axoraja. (S, K.) [So accord. to some in a phrase in the Kur xvii. 82, respecting which see 4.] ― -b2- Also pass. part. n. of the same. (S, K.) ― -b3- And n. of place of the same. (S, K.) ― -b4- And n. of time of the same. (S.) ; and its fem., with p: see A^axoraju. occurs in poetry for yawomN maxoruwjN fiyhi [A day in which one goes forth; or in which people go forth]. (TA.) : see 3, last sentence. (tropical:) A she-camel formed like the hecamel: (S, A, K, TA:) or like the male buxotiY~ camel. (TA.) See 1. xrd , aor. , (L, K,) inf. n. xaradN, (L,) She was an untouched virgin; (L, K;) as also ↓ Axrdt, inf. n. A_ixoraAdN; (L;) and ↓ txr~dt: (L, K:) or she was bashful and grave or staid or sedate, or very bashful, long silent, low in voice, one who concealed herself from public view, (L, K,) and did not remain long in her parents' house, or tent, unmarried, after having attained the usual proper age for marriage. (L.) ― -b2- And xarida He was, or became, affected with shame, bashfulness, or pudency; (IAar;) as also ↓ Axrd (K.) ― -b3- He was, or became, abject. (IAar.) ― -b4- Also, inf. n. as above; and ↓Axrd; He kept long silence: (L, K:) and the latter signifies also he kept silence by reason of abjectness; not by reason of bashfulness: so accord. to the K: but accord. to the A, he kept silence by reason of bashfulness; and Aqrd signifies "he kept silence by reason of abjectness:" (TA:) and so says IAar: (TA in art. qrd:) or Axrd accord. to IAar signifies he spoke little. (Har p. 250.) [See also xaAridN.] see 1, in three places. ― -b2- Axrd A_ilaY All~ahowi He inclined to play, sport, or diversion. (K.) see 1. :see xariydapN, in two places. : see the next paragraph. ― -b2- SawotN xariydN A gentle voice, characterized by bashfulness, or modesty. (IAar, K.) A virgin: (IAar, S, A:) and a bashful, or modest, woman: and sometimes they said ↓ jaAriyapN xaruwdN, meaning a girl bashful and grave or staid or sedate; or very bashful: (S:) or xriydapN and ↓ xariydN and ↓ xaruwdN signify an untouched virgin: or a female bashful, and grave or staid or sedate, or very bashful, long silent, low in voice, who conceals herself from public view, (L, K,) and does not remain long in her parents' house, or tent, unmarried, after having attained the usual proper age for marriage: (L:) pl. xaraAy^idu and xur~adN (S, A, L, K) and xurudN; (S, L, K;) the second of which is contr. to rule. (L.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) An unbored pearl. (Lth, IAar, S, A, K.) Silent by reason of bashfulness; not by reason of abjectness: and ↓ muxoridN silent by reason of abjectness; not by reason of bashfulness: so accord. to AA: and the latter, simply, silent. (L.) [See also 1.] : see the next preceding paragraph. xrdl [Mustard-seed;] the grain of a certain tree, (K,) well known; (S, K;) a species of Hurof [q. v.]; (JK;) heating; emollient; drawing; a phlegmagogue; lenitive; digestive; used as a liniment, good for the niqoris [or gout], and [especially] the nasaA [or sciatica], and the [malignant species of leprosy termed] baraS (K,) and the [mild species thereof termed] bahaq; clearing to the face; good for the alopecia, especially the wild sort thereof; (TA;) its smoke drives away serpents, or, as in the Kánoon, venomous or noxious reptiles or the like; (TA;) its juice, dropped, allays earache, (K,) and in like manner its oil; (TA;) and its powder, upon the aching tooth, is extremely efficacious, (K,) especially when Hilotiyt [or assa] has been cooked with it: (TA: [in which many other properties assigned to it are mentioned:]) n. un. with p. (S.) ― -b2- Alxarodalu AlfaArisiY~u is A certain plant in Egypt known by the name of Ha$iy$apu Als~uloTaAni. (K.) xrz , aor and , inf. n. xarozN, He sewed (Msb, K, TA) a skin, or hide, (Msb, TA,) or a boot, &c. (S, A, K.) You say, kalaAmu fulaAnK kaxarozi AlA_imaA='i [The language of such a one is like the female slaves' sewing of skins]; i. e., [its ornaments, lit.] its pearls, and its cowries, are far apart. (A, TA.) [a coll. gen. n.,] a word of well-known meaning, (Msb,) [i.e., Beads;] what are strung: (S:) a thing that is hung [or rather things that are hung] upon the neck, made of coloured stone, red and green: (Har p. 431:) or gems, or similar stones, both good and bad: (JK:) [also factitious gems, and the like: (see fusayofisaA='u as explained in the K &c:)] n. un. xarazapN: (S, Msb:) the latter signifying [a single bead;] what is strung: (K:) and also, (i.e. the latter,) a gem, or precious stone, (K, TA,) such [for instance] as is set in a ring, whether good or bad: (TA:) pl. of the latter, xarazaAtN. (TA.) Hence, xarazaAtu Almaliki, (S, K,) and Almuloki, (S, A,) The gems of the king's crown: when the king had reigned a year, a xarazap was added to his crown, in order that the number of the years of his reign might be known: (S, K:) such is said to have been the case. (S.) You say, A^uwtiYa xarazaAti Almuloki sit~iyna Hij~apF (tropical:) [meaning He reigned sixty years: lit., he received the gems of the crown sixty years]. (A.) ― -b2- xarazapu AlEayoni signifies The Hadaqap [or lens] of the eye. (TA in art. Hdq) ― -b3- And xarazN is also applied to The small shells called wadaE. (S* and K* and TA in art. wdE.) ― -b4- It also signifies (tropical:) The vertebræ of the back, (S, A, TA,) and of the neck: each one is called xarazapN: which latter is also explained as meaning (tropical:) what is between two vertebræ. (TA.) , with fet-h, A single puncture [or stitchhole, made in sewing a skin or a boot; and so xurozapN]; syn. garozapN. (TA.) i. q. kutobapN; (S, K;) A seam, or suture, in a skin, or hide, (KL, PS, TK, *) or in a boot, &c.; (PS;) [app. made by sewing together two edges so that one laps over the other: and app. also a single stitch in such a seam;] what is between two punctures; i. e., every puncture with its thread: (TA:) also, a puncture, or stitch-hole, in a skin [&c.]: (TA voce wa*aAbN: [its pl. being there said to be syn. with xurabN, pl. of xurobapN: and this last meaning, (for evidences of the correctness of which see A^atomN and A^atuwmN and xuSofapN &c.,) common to it and to xarozapN, it perhaps bears in exs. here following:]) and any round perforation: (JM:) pl. xurazN (S, K) [and app. xuruwzN, which see below]. AijomaEo sayorayoni fiY xurozapK [lit, Conjoin thou two thongs in a single seam, or stick, or puncture,] is a prov., meaning (tropical:) accomplish thou two wants at once. (TA.) And you say to him who seeks to attain two wants together, sayorayoni fiY xurozapK [lit., Wilt thou conjoin two thongs in a single seam, or stitch, or puncture? the first word being in the accus. case because A^atajomaEu is understood]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The foramen podicis: and (assumed tropical:) the foramen vaginæ. (TA voce xurobapN.) ; pl. xarazaAtN: n. un. of xarazN [q. v.]. (S, Msb, TA.) [The seams of the ship: xuruwzN being app. a pl. of xurozapN, like as xuruwbN is a pl. of xurobapN]. (K voce jam~apN q. v.) The art, or occupation, of sewing [skins, or hides, or] boots, &c. (A, K.) A sewer of [skins, or hides, or] boots, &c. (S, A.) [and vulg. ↓ mixoraAzN] The instrument [i. e. the needle, or awl,] with which one sews [skins, or hides, or] boots, &c. (S, K.) Any bird, (A, K,) as a pigeon &c., (TA,) having upon its wings marks resembling xaraz [or beads]. (A, K, TA.) : see mixorazN. xrs , (Msb, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xarasN, (S, A, Msb, K,) He (a man) was dumb; was naturally, by conformation, prevented from speaking; (Msb;) [he was destitute of the faculty of speech, by natural conformation, like the beast: see A^axorasu:] or he was, or became, tonguetied, or withheld from speech, (A, K,) either from inability to find words to express what he would say, or by natural conformation [of the organs of speech]. (TA.) You say also xarisa Almajolisu The assembly was, or became, mute, or speechless. (A.) -A2- xarasa AlmaroA^apa, (Lh, IAth,) aor. , (Lh,) [inf. n., app., xarosN,] He fed the woman with what is termed xurosap; (Lh, IAth;) He fed her on the occasion of child-birth; (Lh;) as also ↓ xr~s EalyhaA, inf. n. taxoriysN (S, K) and taxorisapN. (TA.) In like manner you say, ↓ xr~shaA, inf. n. taxoriysN; and xrs EanohaA; [so in the TA, without any syll. signs to the verb;] He made for her what is termed xurosap. (TA.) And ↓ xurisato, (S, L,) or xurisato, (so in a copy of the A,) She was fed with what is so termed: (A:) or a feast on the occasion of her having given birth to a child was made for her. (S, L.) -A3- xarisa, aor. , He drank from the [kind of wine-jar called] xaros, (Sgh, K,) i. e. the dan~. (TA.) see xarasa, in three places. [God made him to be dumb: see xarisa]: (S:) God made him to be tonguetied, or speechless, (A, K,) either from inability to find words to express what he would say, or by natural conformation [of the organs of speech]. (TA.) She made for herself the food for the occasion of child-birth, (A, * K,) i. e., what is called xurosap. (TA.) Hence the prov. taxar~asiY yaAnafosu laA muxar~isapa laki (A, * TA) Make thou the food for child-birth for thyself, O self: there is no maker of it for thee: said by a woman who had given birth to a child and had not any one to care for her: alluding to a man's taking care for himself: (K, TA:) and also related [in the A] without the words yA nfs. (TA.) [He feigned himself dumb, or speechless,] is from xarisa Almajolisu: hence A_i*aA $ahidota mano laA yafohamu Eanoka fataxaArasN [When thou art present with, or beholdest, him who will not understand what thou sayest, then feign thyself dumb, or speechless]. (A.) A [wine-jar such as is called] dan~; (JK, S, K;) as also ↓ xirosN, (Kr, K,) and xiroSN: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axoraAsN (JK) and [of mult.] xuruwsN. (K.) Food that is prepared on the occasion of the birth of a child; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ xiraAsN. (Lh, TA.) IJ seems to assign to it also the sense of xurosapN. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, as also ↓ the second word, A feast, or banquet, that is prepared on that occasion, and to which people are invited: so in a trad. of Hassán, kaAna A_i*aA duEiYa A_ilaY TaEaAmK qaAla A_ilaY EurosK A^amo xurosK A^amo A_iEo*aArK [He used, when he was invited to food, to say, To a weddingfeast, or a feast for child-birth, or a circumcisionfeast?]; and if it were for one of these, he consented: but if not, he did not consent. (TA.) : see xarosN. Food for a woman who has given birth to a child; (S, A, K;) what is made for her, such as fariyqap and the like; as also [xuroSapN,] with S. (TA.) xurosapu maroyama [The child-birth-food of Maryam], applied to dates, and occurring in a trad., alludes to verse 25 of chap. xix. of the Kur, wahuz~iY A_ilayoki Alx: and Khálid Ibn-Safwán uses in the same manner the phrase ↓ taxorisapu maroyama; in which txrsp is an inf. n. used as a subst.; or it may be a subst., like taworiyapN. (TA.) A she-camel that does not utter the cry termed rugaA='. (Ibn-' Abbád, Sgh, K.) : see xurosN, in two places. A bikor [or female that has not yet brought forth] in the first period of her pregnancy: and (some say, S) one for whom xurosap is made: (S, K:) and one having a scanty flow of milk. (Sgh, K.) A maker (S, TA) and seller (K, TA) of the [kind of wine-jar called] xaros. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- And A vintner. (JK, TA.) (S, &c.) Dumb; prevented from speaking by natural conformation; (Msb;) speechless, or destitute of the faculty of speech, by natural conformation, (T and Msb in art. bkm,) like the beast that lacks the faculty of articulation; (T ibid;) differing from A^abokamu, q. v.: (T and Msb ibid:) or tonguetied, or speechless, (K, TA,) either from inability to find words to express what he would say, or by natural conformation [of the organs of speech]: (TA:) fem. xarosaA='u: (Msb:) pl. xurosN (Msb, K) and xurosaAnN. (K.) ― -b2- jamalN A^axorasu A he-camel that has no perforation to his $iqo$iqap, for his bray to issue therefrom, so that he reiterates it therein: such a one they like to send among the [she-camels in the state in which they are termed] $awol, because in most instances he begets females: and naAqapN xarosaA='u a she-camel that is not heard to utter the cry termed rugaA='. (TA.) ― -b3- EalamN A^axorasu (tropical:) A sign of the way, (K,) [or a mountain,] from which, (A,) or at, or in, which, (fiyhi, K,) no echo is heard: (A, K:) or a sign of the way in the mountain whereof no echo is heard: (Lth, T:) or [it seems to be applied to a mountain where no echo is heard; for] it is said when no sound of an echo is heard in the mountain. (S.) ― -b4- saHaAbapN xarosaA='u (tropical:) A cloud that does not thunder: (A:) or a cloud in which is no thunder nor lightning, (S, K, TA,) and of which no sound is heard; which is mostly in winter. (TA.) ― -b5- EayonN xarosaA='u (assumed tropical:) A spring of the running whereof no sound is heard. (TA.) ― -b6- SaxorapN xarosaA='u (assumed tropical:) A hard and solid rock: (Akh, TA:) and EiZaAmN xurosN (assumed tropical:) hard and solid bones. (Th, TA.) ― -b7- katiybapN xarosaA='u (tropical:) An army, or a portion thereof, without any clamour or confused noise: (A:) or whereof no sound is heard, by reason of their staidness in war: (S, K:) or that is silent, by reason of the multitude of the coats of mail, without any clashing of arms. (A 'Obeyd, S, K.) ― -b8- labanN A^axorasu (tropical:) Thick milk, (S, A, K,) that makes no sound in the vessel, (S, K,) or that does not shake about in its vessel: (A:) or thick milk, of which no sound is heard when it is poured out: (Az, TA:) and $arobapN xarosaA='u (assumed tropical:) a thick draught of milk. (M, TA.) ― -b9- wal~iAniY EiroDFA A^axorasa A^amorasa [or EuroDFA?] (assumed tropical:) He turned from me, and would not speak to me. (Fr, TA.) ― -b10- xarosaA='u (assumed tropical:) A viper: (A:) pl. xurosN. (TA.) ― -b11- Hence, (A,) ramaAhu bixarosaA='a (tropical:) He smote him with a calamity. (A, K. *) : see xurosapN. xr$ , (S, A, K,) aor. , (S, K,) inf. n. xaro$N, (Lth,) He, or it, (namely, a cat, A,) scratched him, or it, (namely, the skin, A,) with the nails, (Lth, S, A, * K,) in any part of the body, (Lth,) so as to cause bleeding or not; or wounded him in the outer skin, so as to make it bleed or not; or lacerated it (namely, the skin) little or much; or tore off its surface with a stick or the like; syn. xada$ahu; (S, K;) [as also Hara$ahu;] and so ↓ Axtr$hu: (S, K:) and biZuforihi ↓ Axtr$hu He scratched him, &c., with his nail. (TA.) You say also, xara$ahu biHadiydapK wanaHowihaA [He scratched it with an iron thing, and the like]. (K.) ― -b2- It (a fly) bit him; (A, TA;) as also Hara$ahu. (TA.) ― -b3- xara$a AlbaEiyra, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He drew the camel (S, K) towards him (S) with the mixoraA$, i. e., the miHojan: (S, K:) or he struck the camel and then drew him to wards him therewith; desiring thereby to excite him to quicken his pace: and he struck him with its extremity in the side of his neck, or [elsewhere] in his skin, so as to scrape off from him his fur. (TA.) [See also Hara$ahu.] ― -b4- xara$a liEiyaAlihi, aor. as above, (S, K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He earned for his family, or household; (S, K;) collected, and practised artifice, for them; (TA;) and sought sustenance for them; (S, K;) as also ↓ Axtr$. (K.) ― -b5- You say also, fulaAnN yaxori$u mino fulaAnK Al$~aYo'a baEoda Al$~aYo'i (tropical:) Such a one takes from such a one thing after thing; as also ↓ yaxotari$uhu. (A.) And maA xara$a $ayoy^FA (tropical:) He has not taken anything. (TA.) And mino fulaAnK Al$~aYo'a ↓ fulaAnN yataxar~a$u (tropical:) Such a one takes and acquires from such a one the thing. (TA.) And ↓ muxaAra$apN signifies (assumed tropical:) The taking against one's will. (TA.) , inf. n. taxoriy$N, [He scratched him, or it, with the nails, vehemently, or much; like xd~$hu.] (TA.) ― -b2- xr~$ Alz~aroEu, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) The seed-produce put forth the first extremity of the ear. (Ibn-' Abbád, Sgh, K.) , inf. n. muxaAra$apN and xiraA$N, [He scratched him with the nails, being scratched by him in like manner; like xAd$hu.] (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] kalobu xiraA$K [An irritable, or a quarrel-some, dog]; like kalobu hiraA$K: (S, K:) IF holds that the x is a substitute for h. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 1, last signification. see 1, last sentence but one. , (A, K,) and Als~anaAniyru, (A,) The dogs, and the cats, [scratched, or] fought and assailed, (thAr$t, K, TA,) and lacerated, or tore, one another. (TA.) see 1, in four places. Gain; or earning: pl. xuruw$N. (TA.) The skin, (S, K,) or slough, (A, TA,) of a serpent. (S, A, TA.) To this one likens a thin, transparent, shirt. (A, TA.) AHn applies its pl., xaraA$iY~u, metaphorically, to [the skins of] all [animals of the class termed] Ha$araAt. (TA.) ― -b2- The upper covering, (S, K, TA,) which is dry, or tough, or hard, [app. meaning the shell,] (TA,) of an egg, (S, K, TA,) after it has been broken, and what was in it, (S, TA,) of moisture, (TA,) has been extracted: (S, TA:) or the inner skin, (T, TA,) or inner covering, (A,) of an egg; (T, A, TA;) also called giroqiy^N: (TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) ― -b3- To this is likened (assumed tropical:) Anything in which are an inflation and a bursting and holes. (AZ, * S.) ― -b4- The thin skin upon the surface of milk: (K:) or the bubbles that rise upon the surface of milk: (A:) froth, or foam. (S, TA. [See an ex. in a verse cited voce qaSara.]) ― -b5- (tropical:) Phlegm: (S, A, K:) or viscous phlegm in the chest: (TA:) and what is termed nuxaAmap, q. v. (A, TA.) You say, A^aloqaY xaraA$iY~a Sadorihi (tropical:) He cast forth the phlegm (lit. phlegms) of his chest. (S.) [See also a tropical meaning below.] And A^aloqaY mino Sadorihi xaraA$iY~a (tropical:) He cast forth from his chest what is termed nuxaAmap (Az, A, TA) and phlegm: (A:) or thick spittle. (K.) ― -b6- xiro$aA='u AlEasali The was of honey, and the dead bees in it: (TA:) or the young bees, or the wings, that are upon honey. (M and L in art. jv.) ― -b7- TalaEati Al$~amosu fiY xiro$aA='K (tropical:) The sun rose in dust; (S, A;) syn. gabarap. (S, A, K.) ― -b8- A^aloqaY fulaAnN xaraA$iY~a Sadorihi (tropical:) Such a one cast forth what he concealed of rancours and enmities, and of grief. (A, TA.) What falls from a thing when it is scratched with an iron instrument or the like. (K.) : see what next follows. A miHojan [or stick of which the end is naturally curved, or crooked]; (S, K;) [see 1;] sometimes written [miHora$N,] with H: (S:) a stick with a curved, or crooked, head, like the SawolajaAn; as also ↓ mixora$N. (TA.) xrS , (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. (A, Msb) [and , as appears from what follows,] inf. n. xaroSN, (S, A Mgh, Msb,) [and xiroSN is also allowable, (see what follows,)] He computed by conjecture the quantity of the fruit upon the palm-trees: (A, Mgh, Msb:) or he computed by conjecture the quantity that was upon the palmtrees of fresh ripe dates that would be dried dates. (S.) xaroSN signifies The computing quantity by conjecture; (A, K, TA;) conjecturing; opining: or forming an opinion of a thing of which one is not certain: you say, xaraSa AlEadada, aor. and , inf. n. xaroSN and xiroSN, the latter said by ISh to be like EilomN as inf. n. of Ealima, and said by Az to be allowable because a simple subst. is put in the place of an inf. n., He computed by conjecture the number: and hence xaroSu Aln~axoli, and Alt~amori, [the computing by conjecture the quantity of fruit upon palm-trees, and of dates,] because xaroSN is the computing quantity by opinion, not by knowledge. (TA.) ― -b2- xaroSN also signifies Any speaking by opinion, or conjecture. (K, * TA.) You say, xaraSa fiyhi He spoke of him, or it, by opinion, or conjecture. (TK.) ― -b3- And hence, (TA,) xaraSa, (S, Msb, K,) aor. , (S,) inf. n. xaroSN, (S, Msb, K,) (tropical:) He lied; spoke falsely; said what was untrue; (S, Msb, K; *) as also ↓ txr~S. (S.) You say also, Ealayohi ↓ (tropical:) txr~S (tropical:) He forged a lie against him. (A, K, TA.) And ↓ qaAla *`lika taxar~uSFA (tropical:) [He said that forging a lie]. (A.) And ↓ AxtrS Alqawola, (A, K, *) and ↓ txr~iShu, (A,) (tropical:) He forged the saying. (A, K. *) -A2- xariSa, (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xaraSN, (S, A,) He (a man) was hungry and cold: (S, A: *) or hungry in cold. (K.) Being hungry without being cold is not termed xaraSN: but being cold without being hungry is termed xaSarN. (S.) see 1, in four places, near the end. see 1, near the end. (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ xiroSN (S, K) A ring: (Msb:) or a ring of gold, and of silver: (S, K:) or an ear-ring with one bead, (A, TA,) of the kind called quroT: (TA:) or the ring of a quroT: (K:) or a small ring; one of the ornaments of women; (Sh, K;) in the form of the quroT or some other thing: (Sh:) pl. xiroSaAnN. (S, K.) [Hence,] maA tamoliku fulaAnapu xuroSFA, meaning (tropical:) Such a woman has not in her possession anything. (A.) a subst. from xaraSa as explained above; (S, A, Msb, K) Conjectural computation of quantity: (ISh:) or quantity computed by conjecture of the fruit upon palm-trees. (A, Mgh.) You say, kamo xiroSu naxolika [What is the conjectural computation of the quantity, or the quantity computed by conjecture, of the produce of thy palm-trees?]. (TA.) And kamo xiroSu A^aroDika [What is the conjectural computation, or the quantity computed by conjecture, of the produce of the palm-trees of thy land?]. (S, A, K.) -A2- See also xuroSN. -A3- And see xarosN. A man hungry and cold: (S, TA:) or hungry in cold: (K:) and ↓ xaAriSN signifies the same. (TA.) [See also xaSirN.] Food for a woman who has given birth to a child: (K:) app. a dial. var. of xurosapN. (TA.) : see the next paragraph. One who computes by conjecture the quantity of the fruit upon palm-trees: pl. xur~aASN. (A, * TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) A liar; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ xar~aASN. (S, A, Msb, TA.) qutila Alxar~aASuwna, in the Kur [li. 10], (TA,) means, (tropical:) Slain be the liars; (Fr, Zj, A, Bd, TA;) i. e., cursed be they; (Bd;) who say that Mohammad is a poet, and the like thereof, conjecturing that which they know not: (Fr, TA:) or it may mean, they who only opine, and do not ascertain; and therefore act according to that which they know not. (Zj, TA.) -A2- See also xariSN. xrT , (S, Msb,) aor. and , inf. n. xaroTN, (Msb,) He rubbed off the leaves (S, Msb) from the branches, (Msb,) by grasping the upper part, and passing the hand along it to the lower part. (S.) ― -b2- xaraTa Al$~ajara, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) He pulled off the leaves, (K, TA,) and the bark, or peel, (TA,) from the trees (K, TA) with his hand [in the manner above described]. (TA.) It is said in a prov., duwnahu xaroTu AlqataAdi [Before one can attain it he has to strip the tragacanth of its leaves by grasping each branch and drawing his hand down it: i. e. he has to perform what will be extremely difficult, if not impossible]. (S, TA. [In the S and L in art. qtd, we find mino duwnihi.]) You say also, xaraTa AlEunoquwda He pulled off the grapes, or the like, from the bunch with all his fingers: (AHeyth:) or he put the bunch in his mouth and drew forth its stalk bare; as also ↓ AxtrThu. (K.) It is said of Mo- hammad, kaAna yaA^okulu AlEinaba xaroTFA [He used to eat grapes by putting the bunch in his mouth and drawing forth its stalk bare: or by stripping them off with all his fingers]. (TA.) ― -b3- xaraTa AlEuwda, aor. as above, (S, K, *) and so the inf. n., (S,) He removed the bark, or peel, from the wood, or stick, (S, K,) and planed it, or made it even, (K,) with the mixoraT, which is also called baloT and buloT, (TA in art. blaT,) or with his hand. (TA in the present art.) ― -b4- [Hence, in modern Arabic, He turned the wood, or stick; i. e., shaped it, or made it round, with a lathe.] ― -b5- xaraTa AlHadiyda, inf. n. as above, He made the iron long, like a column, or pole, or rod. (S.) -A2- xaraTa AljawaAhira He collected the jewels in a xariyTap [q. v.]. (MF.) He bound, or made fast, the xryTp [q. v.]; or closed it by inserting its loops one into another; syn. A^a$orajahaA. (S, K *) [It (a piece of wood, or a stick,) had its bark, or peel, removed, and was planed, or made even, with the mixoraT, (as appears from what here follows,) or with the hand: see 1]. ― -b2- [And hence,] AnxrT jisomuhu (tropical:) His body became slender; (S, K, TA;) as though it were barked and planed (xuriTa) with the mixoraT. (TA.) see 1. ― -b2- [Hence,] AxtrT sayofahu, (S,) or Als~ayofa, (Mgh, K,) (tropical:) He drew his sword, or the sword, (S, Mgh, K,) from its scabbard. (Mgh, TA.) The parings, or shavings, that fall from the work of the xar~aAT; like nujaArapN and nuHaAtapN. (TA.) ― -b2- What falls from a bunch of grapes, or the like, when the fruit is pulled off with all the fingers. (AHeyth.) The art, or craft, of the xar~aAT. (K.) A receptacle, (S, K,) [a pouch,] or thing like a kiys [or purse], (Lth, Msb,) of leather, (Lth, S, Msb, K,) or of rag, (Lth,) or other material, (S, K,) which is bound, or made fast, or closed by the insertion of its loops one into another, (yu$oraju, Lth, S, Msb, K,) upon its contents: (Lth, S, K:) pl. xaraAy^iTu. (Msb.) ― -b2- Also A thing likened thereto, which is made for the letters of the sultán, and of prefects, or agents, to be sent therein. (Lth, L.) ― -b3- Also A similar thing [which was formerly, in the time of paganism,] put upon the head of the she-camel [that was] confined [to perish] at the tomb of a dead person. (Lth.) ― -b4- [Also The pod, or oblong capsule or pericarp, of sesamum and the like: pl. as above. Used in this sense by writers on botany, and in the spoken language of the present day.] ― -b5- See also bidaAdN. [A maker, or seller, of xaraAy^iT, pl. of xariyTapN]; a rel. n. formed from a pl., like A^anomaA TiY~N. (TA.) One whose occupation is to remove the bark, or peel, of wood, or sticks, and to plane it, or make it even, (K,) with the mixoraT, which is also called baloT and buloT, (TA in art. blT,) or with the hand. (TA in the present art.) ― -b2- [Hence, in modern Arabic, A turner of wood &c.] The iron instrument with which the xar~aAT performs his work; also called baloTN and buloTN. (TA in art. blT, q. v.) [pass. part. n. of 1]. ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A man (TA) having a scanty beard: (K, TA:) [or you say,] rajulN maxoruwTu All~iHoyapi A man having a beard in which is length without breadth. (S.) And liHoyapN maxoruwTapN (assumed tropical:) A beard that is scanty in its side, (K,) or, correctly, in its two sides, (TA,) and lank and long in the part on and beneath the chin. (K.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A face in which is length (K, TA) without breadth. (TA.) You say, rajulN maxoruwTu Alwajohi (assumed tropical:) A man whose face has length without breadth. (S.) ― -b4- biy^orN maxoruwTapN (tropical:) A narrow well. (A, TA.) ― -b5- [maxoruwTN and ↓ maxoruwTapN, in mathematics, signify A cone.] : see what next precedes. [ , in mathematics, Conical.] xrTm , (K,) inf. n. xaroTamapN, (TK,) He hit, or struck, his xuroTuwm [or nose, &c.]: or he twisted it. (K.) He (a man, TA) elevated his nose: (K:) or twisted it, and was silent, in his anger: (TA:) and was proud and angry, (K, TA,) raising his head. (TA.) and xuroTum~N: see xuroTuwmN. Long, or tall: (JK, K:) or longnosed. (TA.) And A man having a large nose. (IKh, IB.) The nose, (AZ, JK, S, Msb, K,) [properly,] accord. to Th, of a beast of prey: (TA:) or the fore part thereof: (K:) or a large, or an elevated, nose: (MA:) or the part upon which a man contracts, or closes, the HanakaAni [or upper and lower portions of the mouth]: as also ↓ xuroTumN; (K;) sometimes, by poetic license, written ↓ xuroTum~N: (TA:) or it signifies also the part upon which contracts, or closes, the front of the HanakaAni: (JK:) [and a snout: often used in this sense; and so, in describing the fish termed kawosaj, in the S and K:] and the proboscis of an elephant; and, as being likened thereto, of a flea: (Th, TA:) pl. xaraATiymu. (Msb.) sanasimuhu EalaY AlxuroTuwmi, in the Kur [lxviii. 16], means (tropical:) [We will brand him] upon the nose; the nose of a man being thus termed metaphorically: (ISd, TA:) or it is like the phrase jadaEotu A^anofahu; and means (assumed tropical:) we will stigmatize him with indelible disgrace; the term xrTwm, which signifies the “ proboscis ” of an elephant, being applied to his nose because it is regarded as unseemly: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or it means (assumed tropical:) [we will brand him] upon the face. (Fr, Th, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, (assumed tropical:) A spout. You say] AlAboriyqu AnaA='N lahu xuroTuwmN (assumed tropical:) [The Abryq is a vessel having a spout]. (Mgh in art. brq, and Bd and Jel in lvi. 18.) ― -b3- [Hence also, (assumed tropical:) The pointed toe of a boot and the like: pl. as above: see xifaAfN muxaroTayapN, below. ― -b4- And app. (assumed tropical:) The point of a sword: whence,] *uw AlxuroTuwmi the name of a certain sword. (K.)] ― -b5- [Hence, also,] xaraATiymu Alqawomi (tropical:) The chiefs of the people or party; (JK, S, K, TA;) those who are made the foremost of the people or party, in affairs, (JK, TA,) and in the military forces. (JK.) -A2- Also Wine: (JK, S:) or wine that quickly intoxicates: (K:) and the juice that first flows from the grapes, before they are trodden. (K.) A woman advanced in age. (M, K.) [ (assumed tropical:) Elongated like a snout or nose; and so, app., ↓ muxoranoTimN: see a verse cited voce mataAwiju. Hence,] xifaAfN muxaroTamapN [in the sing. xuf~N muxaroTamN (occurring in the K in art fqE)] i. q. *aAtu ↓ xaraATiyma; i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Boots] having their fore parts pointed. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. ― -b2- Also Angry and proud, with his head raised: (S:) or angry when his nose is twisted. (JK.) [See AinobaAEa, in art. bwE.] xrE , (S,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xaroEN, (S, K,) He cut it, or divided it, lengthwise; slit it; split it; (S, K;) as also ↓ AxtrEhu. (K.) ― -b2- xaraEa A^u*una Al$~aApi, aor. and inf. n. as above, He slit the ear of the sheep, or goat: or he slit it in the middle, cutting the upper part thereof lengthwise, so that it became three pieces, and the middle piece hung down upon the cavity of the ear. (TA.) -A2- xaruEa, aor. , inf. n. xaraAEapN (IDrd, K) and xuruwEapN, (IDrd, TA,) in the K xuruwEN, which is a mistake, (TA,) and xuroEN, (Ibn-' Abbád, K,) [and quasiinf. n. xaraEN, which see below,] He was, or became, supple in the joints: (IDrd, K:) and it (a thing, TA) was, or became, soft, yielding, flaccid, flabby, lax, or fragile. (K.) ― -b2- xariEa, (S, K,) aor. , (K,) [inf. n. xaraEN, app. signifies the same as xaruEa: (see xaraEN, below:) and also] He (a man, S, IAth) was, or became, weak, or infirm; (S, IAth, K) as also ↓ AnxrE: (Lth, K:) he was, or became, weak, or infirm, in body, after firmness, strength, or hardiness: (IAar:) and he (a man, Lth) was, or became, languid, or languishing, or broken in spirit; syn. Ainokasara; as also ↓ AnxrE: (Lth, K:) and [in like manner] ↓ txr~E he (a man) was, or became, relaxed, or flaccid, and weak, or infirm, and soft, or tender. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, weak (AisotaroxaY) in his opinion, after being strong. (IAar.) ― -b4- Also, (Sh, IAth,) inf. n. xaraEN, (Sh, K,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, Sh, IAth) became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or bereft of his reason or intellect, in consequence of shame, or fear, or grief, or the like. (Sh, IAth, K.) Hence the saying of Aboo-Tálib, when death overtook him, [and he was urged to make profession of El-Islám,] lawolaA rahobapa A^ano taquwla qurayo$N waharahu AlxaraEu lafaEalotu (assumed tropical:) [Were it not for fear that Kureysh would say, “ Confusion, ” &c. “ put him into a state from which there was no escape for him, “ I would do what thou desirest]. (TA.) ― -b5- xariEati Aln~axolapu The palm-tree lost the stumps of its lopped branches [from its trunk, which thus became comparatively smooth]. (S, K.) see 1: ― -b2- and 7. It became cut, or divided, lengthwise; it became slit, or split; it slit, or split. (S.) And AnxrEt AlqanaApu The spear-shaft split, and broke into pieces, or into small pieces. (K.) ― -b2- I. q. AnxlE; (K;) a dial. var. of the latter; as in the phrase AnxrEt katifuhu [His shoulder-blade became dislocated]. (S.) You say also, AnxrEt A^aEoDaA='u AlbaEiyri The limbs of the camel became displaced; as also ↓ txr~Et. (TA.) ― -b3- See also two significations above, voce xariEa, in two places. ― -b4- [Whence,] AinoxaraEotu lahu (assumed tropical:) I became gentle, or mild, to him. (TA.) : see 1, first signification. ― -b2- He broke it off; namely a branch, or piece of wood, from a tree. (TA.) ― -b3- He cut it off for himself; or took it; namely, a man's property, &c. (TA.) ― -b4- He acted treacherously towards him, (Aboo-Sa'eed, K,) and took of his property; (K;) as also AxtzEhu, with z (TA.) ― -b5- He expended it; exhausted it; caused it to pass away and come to an end, or to cease; or made an end of it. (ISh, K.) ― -b6- AxtrE Ald~aAb~apa He made use of, or rode, the beast of another person for some days, and then restored it. (Ibn -' Abbád, K.) -A2- He did it, or produced it, without premeditation; syn. Airotajalahu: (TA:) or Ai$otaq~ahu [app. here meaning he constructed it, or founded it, (banaAhu) without premeditation; this meaning being one assigned to A$tq~h in its proper art. in the TA]: (S:) or he originated it; invented it; devised it; excogitated it; innovated it; made it, did it, produced it, caused it to be or exist, or brought it into existence, newly, for the first time, it not having been or existed before, and not after the similitude of anything preexisting; syn. A^ano$aA^ahu, (S, O, K,) and AibotadaEahu, (S, O,) or AibotadaA^ahu. (K.) You say, AxtrE A@ll~`hu AlA^a$oyaA='a God originated, brought into existence, or created, the things [that exist], without any means, or second cause. (TA.) And AxtrE baATilFA He forged a falsehood. (A, TA.) A mark in the ear of a sheep or goat; the upper part [A^aEolaY, for which we find in the CK EalY,] of the animal's ears being cut (yuqoTaEu, in the CK tuqaT~aEu,) lengthwise, so that the ear becomes three pieces, and the middle piece hangs down upon the cavity of the ear. (K, TA.) -A2- Suppleness of the joints: (IDrd, K:) and softness, yieldingness, flaccidity, flabbiness, laxness, or fragility, (S, K,) in a thing. (S.) [See xaruEa.] ― -b2- (tropical:) Cowardice; and weakness, or feebleness, and languor, or languidness; in a man. (TA.) [See also xariEa.] (S, K) and ↓ xariyEN (K) Weak, or infirm; (S, K;) applied to a man: (S:) anything weak; and soft, yielding, flaccid, flabby, lax, or fragile: (O:) also the former, applied to a young camel, weak; or, as some say, small, that is [or may be] raised, or lifted: and, applied to a branch, soft, tender, or supple. (TA.) a subst. from AixotaraEa Al$~aYo'a signifying Airotajalahu [&c.; app. meaning A thing done, or produced, without premeditation; &c.; like bidoEapN from AibotadaEahu, a syn. of AixotaraEahu, q. v.]. (TA.) : see xariyEN. Any weak, bending plant, of whatever kind it be: (As, S:) any plant weak, or fragile, (qaSiyf,) and sappy, whether it be a tree or a herb: (TA:) a plant weak by reason of its softness, or tenderness, and sappiness. (Sgh.) [See also xariEN.] ― -b2- Hence, as some say, (TA,) [The ricinus communis; common palma Christi; or castor-oil-plant;] a certain plant, (S, Msb, K,) well known, (S,) soft, tender, or pliant, (Msb,) not serving for pasturage, (K,) bearing a berry resembling sparrows' eggs, called Als~imosimu AlhinodiY~u; accord to Ibn-Jezleh, the best thereof is that called AlbaHoriY~u; it has the property of loosening phlegm, and it is useful for counteracting the colic and palsy and the [disease in the face called] laqowap, the dose extending to a mivoqaAl. (TA.) The word is of the measure fiEowalN; (Msb;) and J says [in the S] that there is no other word of the same measure except EitowadN, which is the name of a certain valley; but to this have been added *irowadN, the name of a certain mountain; and EitowarN, the name of a certain valley, and not a mistranscription of EitowadN; and jidowalN, a dial. var. of jadowalN. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also] AimoraA^apN xirowaEapN A beautiful, and soft, or tender, woman: and [the pl.] xaraAwiyEu, applied to women, signifies [the same, or merely] beautiful. (TA.) ― -b4- And xirowaEN is likewise applied to youth, or youthfulness, and to life, meaning (tropical:) Soft, or delicate. (TA.) : see xariEN. ― -b2- Anything that quickly breaks. (TA.) ― -b3- Soft; applied to a lip ($afap): (TA:) and pendulous; applied to the lip of a camel. (S, K. *) ― -b4- Applied to a woman, (S, Msb, K, TA,) Youthful, and soft, tender, or delicate: or beautiful: (TA:) or that walks with an affected bending of the body, and with softness, or delicacy: (Msb:) or that affects a bending of the body by reason of softness, or delicacy; (As, S, K;) as also xiriyEapN and ↓ xaruwEN: (Ibn-' Abbád, K:) or (assumed tropical:) vitious; or immoral; or an adulteress; or a fornicatress; (S, K;) but this explanation is disallowed by As: (S:) or (assumed tropical:) that does not repel the hand of a feeler, or toucher; as though she were gentle, or mild, (tanoxariEu,) to him; as also with p: or hard, or (assumed tropical:) impudent, not caring for what is said or done, and inordinately brisk, lively, or sprightly: pl. xuruwEN and xaraAy^iEu and xur~aEN. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) One who induces, or is an object of, suspicion; because such a person fears, and is therefore as though he were weak. (TA.) ― -b5- Also, [as a subst.,] A branch; because of its softness, or tenderness, and its bending. (TA.) a dial. var. of xalaAEapN, which is syn. with daEaArapN [i .e. Vice, or immorality; or vitious, or immoral, conduct; &c.]. (S.) A sheep, or goat, having the mark termed xaraEN [q. v.] in the ear. (K.) xrEb (K) and ↓ xaroEabapN (TA) and ↓ xuroEuwbN and ↓ xuroEuwbapN (K) A branch, or twig, until a year old; or of a year's growth: or fresh, or juicy, and tall: (K, TA:) or (TA) soft, or tender, and of recent growth, (K, TA,) that has not yet become hard: (TA:) or ↓ xuroEuwbN [is an epithet, and] signifies a bending branch or twig. (S.) [Compare xariEN, and xirowaEN, and xariyEN.] ― -b2- Also, [i. e. all the words above,] (K,) or ↓ xaroEabapN [only], (TA,) A young woman of goodly make, soft, or tender: (K:) or a young woman large in body, and of goodly make: or soft, or tender, and pliant: (TA:) or fair, tender, or pliant, fat, large in body, fleshy, with small, or delicate, bones: (K:) or fair: (TA:) or soft, or pliant, in the waist, and tall: (As, TA:) or large in the body, and fleshy: (TA:) or ↓ xuroEuwbapN and ↓ xaroEabapN signify a girl slender in the bones, (S, TA,) having much flesh, (TA,) and soft, or tender: (S, TA:) or a young woman of goodly stature, resembling a twig (xuroEuwbapi) of a year's growth. (Lth, TA.) And xaroEabN signifies A soft, or tender, body. (TA.) And A tall and fleshy man. (K.) : see above, in three places. : see xaroEabN, in two places. ― -b2- Also A tall and well-made camel: (S:) or a tall and large she-camel: and one having much milk. (K.) : see xaroEabN, in two places. ― -b2- Also A piece of a gourd, and of a cucumber, and of fat; as in the L &c.: in the K written xu*oEuwbapN. (TA.) xrf , (S, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, Msb,) inf. n. xarofN (Msb, K) and maxorafN and xaraAfN and xiraAfN; (K;) and ↓ Axtrf; (S Msb, K;) He gathered, or plucked, fruit: (S K:) or cut it off. (Msb.) Accord. to the M, xarafa Aln~axola signifies He cut off the fruit of the palm-trees: and accord. to AHn, ↓ AixotiraAfN signifies the picking up the fruit of the palm-trees, whether unripe or ripe. (TA.) ― -b2- xarafa fulaAnFA, (K,) aor. , inf. n. xarofN, (TA,) He picked up, for such a one, dates (tamorFA), or fruit (vamorFA), accord. to different copies of the K: from Sh. (TA.) ― -b3- yaxorufu mino haAhunaA wamino haAhunaA, said of a lamb, means He depastures, and eats, from this place and from this. (Msb, TA. *) ― -b4- And xarafa, said of a man, (JK, TA,) aor. , (JK,) or , (TA,) He took of the Taraf [app. meaning the choice part] of the fruits. (JK, TA.) -A2- xarafa also signifies He remained, stayed, or abode, in the [season called] xariyf: (Ham p. 676:) and in like manner, ↓ AxrfwA they remained, stayed, or abode, in a place during their xariyf. (TA.) You say, xarafuwA fiY HaAy^iTihimo They remained, stayed, or abode, in their HAy^T [or garden, or walled garden of palm-trees,] in the time of the gathering of the fruits. (TA, from a trad. of 'Omar.) -A3- xurifonaA We were rained upon by the rain called Alxariyf. (S, K.) And xurifati AlA^aroDu, (S,) inf. n. xarofN, (TA,) The land was rained upon by the rain so called. (S, TA) And xurifati AlbahaAy^imu The beasts were rained upon by the rain so called: or had that upon which they might pasture produced for them by that rain. (TA.) -A4- xarifa, aor. , He (a man, TA) was, or became, fond of, or addicted to, the eating of xurofap, (K,) i. e. gathered, or plucked, fruit (S, K, TA) of the palm-tree. (TA.) -A5- xarifa, (S, L, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xarafN; (S, * Msb;) and xarafa, aor. ; and xarufa, aor. ; (K;) He (a man, S, Msb) doted; or was, or became, corrupted, rendered unsound, or disordered, in his intellect; (S, Msb, K;) in consequence of old age. (S, Msb.) [The first of these three verbs, in the present day, is used as meaning He doted; told stories such as are termed xuraAfaAt, i. e. fictions, &c.; and talked nonsense: as also ↓ xr~f.] -A6- xarafatohu A^axaAriyfu [app. Stories such as are termed AxAryf, i. e. ↓ xuraAfaAt, or fictions, &c., caused him to dote, or talk nonsense]. (JK, TA. * [Mentioned in the former immediately after xuraAfapN explained as meaning “ a fiction that is deemed pretty. ” See also 4.]) , inf. n. taxoriyfN, He attributed to him xaraf, (K, TA,) i. e. [dotage; or] a corrupt, an unsound, or a disordered, state of intellect. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. , (K,) inf. n. muxaArafapN and xiraAfN, (TA,) He bargained, or made an engagement, with him, for work, for the xariyf [or autumn]; (K;) from Alxariyfu, like Almu$aAharapu from Al$~ahoru; (O, TA;) as also EaAmalahu muxaArafapF (S, TA) and xiraAfFA: and so AisotaA^ojarahu muxaArafapF and xiraAfFA [He hired him, or took him as a hired man or a hireling, for the autumn]. (Lh, TA.) , said of the palm-tree, It attained, or nearly attained, the time for its fruit to be cut off. (JK, K.) ― -b2- And, said of a people, or party, They entered upon the [season called] xariyf. (S, K.) See also 1. ― -b3- Axrft, said of a ewe, or she-goat, She brought forth in the [season called] xryf. (S, K.) ― -b4- Said of a she-camel, She brought forth in the like of the time [of the year] in which she became pregnant (S, K) in the preceding year: so says El-Umawee: (S:) [or, so applied, it means the same as when said of a ewe or she-goat; for] the epithet applied to her in this case is ↓ muxorifN; (S, K;) but this is more correctly explained as signifying, applied to a she-camel and to a ewe or she-goat, that brings forth in the xryf. (TA.) ― -b5- Also, said of *urap [or millet], It became very tall. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) -A2- Axrfhu naxolapF He assigned to him a palm-tree of which he should cut, or gather, the fruit. (Lth, K.) -A3- Also, (said of anxiety, JK, or of time, or fortune, TA,) It corrupted him, or disordered him; (K, TA;) [app., in his intellect; or caused him to dote; as is indicated in the JK;] namely, an old man. (JK.) see 1, first and second sentences. A corrupt, an unsound, or a disordered, state of the intellect; dotage. (S. [See xarifa, of which it is the inf. n.]) -A2- The [bad sort of] dates called $iyS. (K, * TA.) Corrupted, unsound, or disordered, in his intellect, (S, Msb, K,) in consequence of old age; doting: (S, Msb:) fem. with p. (TA.) A time of going forth of camels, (Nh,) or of men, (O, K,) to the [herbage of the season called] xariyf: so in the saying of El-Járood, yaA rasuwla A@ll~`hi qado Ealimota maA yakofiynaA mina AlZ~ahori *awodN naA^otiY Ealayohin~a fiY xurufK [O Apostle of God, verily thou knowest that a number such as is termed *wd, of camels for riding or carriage, whereon we come in a time of going forth &c., is not sufficient for us]. (Nh, O, K.) Gathered, or plucked, fruits; (S, Mgh, K;) and particularly of the palm-tree: (TA:) and ↓ xuraAfapN signifies the same. (Mgh, K, TA. [See also xariyfN.]) It is said in a trad., Alt~amoru xurofapu AlS~aAy^imi [Dates are the gathered fruit of the faster]; (S, TA;) because breaking the fast upon them is approved: and in another, Aln~axolapu xurofapu AlS~aAy^imi, meaning The palm-tree is that of which the fruit is eaten by the faster. (TA.) See also maxorafN, last sentence. The jlbAn, (i. e. julub~aAn, or julobaAn, &c., accord. to different copies of the K, [see art. jlb,]) a well-known grain or seed, (AHn, K,) of the kind called qaTaAniY~ [i. e. pulse]: (AHn:) an arabicized word, from xarobaY, (AHn, K,) which is Persian; also called xul~arN. (AHn.) and xirofiY~N: see what next follows. and ↓ xarofiY~N, (S, Msb, K,) the latter a contraction of the former, (Msb,) and ↓ xirofiY~N, (K,) Of, or relating to, the season called xariyf; (S, Msb, K;) and applied to the rain of that season; (JK;) rel. ns. from Alxariyfu; (S, Msb, K;) irregularly formed. (S, Msb.) ― -b2- The first also signifies The increase (nitaAj) [of sheep and goats] in the end of the [season called] qayoZ. (Aboo-Nasr, TA voce SafariY~N, q. v.) and ↓ xiraAfN The time of the gathering, or plucking, of fruits: (Ks, K:) like HaSaAdN and HiSaAdN [&c.]. (TA.) ― -b2- Also inf. ns. of xarafa in the first of the senses explained above. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph: and see maxorafN, last sentence. A lamb; syn. HamalN [q. v.]: (S, Msb:) or the male young one of the sheep-kind: or such as has pastured, and become strong: (Lth, K:) younger than the ja*aE: (Lth, TA:) so called because it depastures from this place and this: (Msb, TA: [see 1:]) fem. with p: (K:) pl. (of pauc., TA) A^axorifapN and (of mult., TA) xirofaAnN. (Msb, K, TA.) The latter pl. is sometimes used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Young and ignorant persons; like as kibaA$N is used as meaning aged and learned persons. (TA.) And hence the prov., kaA@loxaruwfi A^ayonamaA A@t~akaA^a EalaY SuwfK [Like the lamb: wherever he reclines, he reclines upon wool]: (JK, TA: but in the latter, At~kY:) applied to him who leads a soft and delicate life. (TA.) ― -b2- Also, (sometimes, S,) A colt; the male offspring of a mare; when he has attained the age of six months, or seven months; (S, K;) a meaning assigned to it by As, in the “ Book of the Horse; ” but unknown to Abu-l-Ghowth: (S:) or, until a year old: (ISk, K:) it is said by some to be applied to a horse: in the L it is said that the xrwf of horses is such as is brought forth in the [season called] xariyf: but Khálid Ibn-Jebeleh says that it means such as pastures upon the [herbage of the season called] xariyf: and Suh thinks that it is an epithet applied to a horse, and any beast, as meaning that depastures the trees and herbage. (TA.) Fresh ripe dates, (K, TA,) or fruits [in general], (S, TA,) gathered, or plucked; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ maxoruwfN. (S, TA. See also maxorafN, last sentence. [And see xurofapN.]) ― -b2- And hence, (tropical:) Fresh milk; milk recently drawn from the udder. (Hr, TA.) ― -b3- Palm-trees (naxolN) whereof the quantity of the fruit that is upon them is computed by conjecture. (K. [See also xaraAy^ifu, voce xariyfapN.]) ― -b4- [The autumn;] one of the divisions of the year, (S, Mgh,) the division (Msb) [consisting of] three months between the end of the qayoZ [or summer] and the beginning of the $itaA=' [or winter], (Lth, K, *) in which the fruits are gathered. (Lth, S, Mgh, Msb, K.) ― -b5- And hence, (Mgh, TA,) (assumed tropical:) A year: (Mgh, K, TA:) so in the saying, mano SaAma yawomFA fiY sabiyli A@ll~`hi baAEadahu A@ll~`hu mina Aln~aAri A^arobaEiyna xariyfFA A^awo saboEiyna, i. e. [Whoso fasteth a day in the way of God, God will remove him from the fire of Hell] to the distance of a journey of forty years, or seventy. (Mgh: and similar exs. are given in the TA, from three trads.: see also an ex. voce A_in~a.) ― -b6- Also The rain of the season so called: (S, K:) or the rain, (JK,) or the first of the rain, (K,) in the beginning of the $itaA=' [or winter], (JK, K,) which comes at the time of the cutting off of the fruit of the palmtrees: then follows the wasomiY~, at the coming in of the winter; then, the rabiyE; then, the Sayof; and then, the Hamiym: so says As: El-Ghanawee says that the xryf is between the [auroral] rising of Al$~iEoraY [or Sirius, which commenced, in central Arabia, about the epoch of the Flight, on the 13th of July, O. S.,] and the [auroral] setting of AlEaroquwataAni [or AlfarogaAni, the 26th and 27th of the Mansions of the Moon, commencing, in the same region and period, on the 8th and 21st of Sept., O. S., and continuing thirteen days]: El-Ghowr and Rekeeyeh [? (imperfectly written)] and El- Hijáz are all rained upon by the xryf; but Nejd is not: AZ says, the first rain is the wasomiY~; the follows the $atawiY~; then, the dafay^iY~; then, the Sayof; then, the Hamiym; then, the xariyf: and therefore the year is made to consist of six seasons: accord. to AHn, [who seems in this matter to differ from most others,] Alxryf is not originally the name of the division of the year; but the name of the rain of the qayoZ [or summer]; and then the season was named thereby. (TA.) [See also nawo'N.] ― -b7- [Also The herbage of the season so called, or of the rain so called; like as rabiyEN signifies the “ herbage of the season, or of the rain, so called. ” So in the phrase used by Khálid Ibn-Jebeleh (in explaining the word xaruwf), maA raEaY Alxariyfa Such as pastures upon the xryf.] ― -b8- Also, accord. to AA, (TA,) A rivulet, streamlet, or small channel for irrigation. (JK, K, TA.) i. q. xurofapN, q. v. (Mgh, K.) ― -b2- Hence xuraAfaAtN meaning Stories that are deemed pretty: similar to fukaAhapN from faAkihapN: (Mgh:) [or] xuraAfapu was the name of a man, (S, Mgh, K,) of [the tribe of] 'Odhrah, (S, K,) whom the Jinn (or Genii) fascinated, (S, Mgh, K,) as the Arabs assert, (Mgh,) and carried off, (TA,) and who related what he had seen, (S, Mgh, K,) of them, when he returned, (Mgh,) and they pronounced him a liar, and said, (S, Mgh, K,) of a thing that was impossible, (Mgh,) Hadiyvu xuraAfapa [a story of Khuráfeh]: (S, Mgh, K:) but it is related of the Prophet, that he said, xuraAfapu Haq~N, (S, Mgh,) meaning What Khuráfeh relates [as heard] from the Jinn [is true]: (Mgh:) the r is without teshdeed; and the article Al is not prefixed, because the word is determinate [by itself], unless one mean thereby xuraAfaAtN as signifying fictictious night-stories: (S:) or xuraAfapN signifies a fictitious story that is deemed pretty: (Lth, K:) [and ↓ A^axaAriyfu app. signifies the same as xuraAfaAtN, as though its sing. were A^uxoruwfapN, like as A^asaATiyru and A^aHaAdiyvu, which have similar meanings, are pls. of which the sings. are said to be A^asoTuwrapN and A^uHoduwvapN:] see 1, last signification. : see what next follows. and ↓ xaruwfapN A palm-tree (naxolapN) of which a man gathers, or plucks, the fruit for himself and his household; as also ↓ maxorafN: (AHn:) or a palm-tree which one takes for the picking up of its fresh ripe dates: (Sh, O, K:) or the latter signifies a palm-tree of which the fruit is cut off; being of the measure faEuwlapN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlapN: and the former is said to signify one that is set apart for its fruit that is [to be] gathered, or plucked: (TA:) or a selected palm-tree: (JK:) and its pl. is xaraAy^ifu: (JK, TA:) or xaraAy^ifu signifies palmtrees whereof the quantity of the fruit that is upon them is computed by conjecture. (AZ, S, K. [See also xariyfN.]) Also, the former, [A palm-tree set in the manner described in the following explanation:] one's digging, for a palm-tree, in a water-course, or channel of a torrent, in which are pebbles, until reaching hard ground, and then filling up the hollow with sand, and setting the palm-tree therein. (O, K.) A keeper, or watcher, of palm-tree: (K:) pl. xur~aAfN. (TA.) : see xuraAfapN; and see 1, last signification. The place of the gathering, or plucking, or cutting off, of fruit. (Msb.) A place of abode of a people, or party, during their xariyf. (TA. [It is there added, “ as though formed from A^axorafuwA, by the rejection of the augmentative letter: ” but it is rather to be regarded as regularly formed, from xarafuwA: see 1.]) ― -b2- Also A garden; (Mgh, TA;) and so ↓ maxorafapN: (S, K:) or a garden of palm-trees; as also ↓ maxorifN and ↓ maxorafapN: (TA:) a single palm-tree: or a few palm-trees, up to ten; more than these being termed a busotaAn or a Hadiyqap: (El-Harbee, TA:) see also xariyfapN: or a small collection of palmtrees, six or seven, which a man purchases for the fruit that is [to be] gathered, or plucked: or any collection of palm-trees: (L, TA:) or a walled garden of palm-trees: (IAth, TA:) or palm-trees [absolutely]: (Mgh:) and an avenue between two rows of palm-trees, such that one may gather, or pluck, the fruit from whichever of them he will; (K;) as also ↓ maxorafapN: (Sh, K:) and, (S, Mgh, K,) as also ↓ maxorafapN, (S, K,) a road, (S, Mgh, K,) such as is conspicuous, clear, or open: (K:) pl. maxaArifu. (Mgh, TA.) It is said in a trad., EaAy^idu AlmariyDi EalaY maxaArifi Aljan~api Hat~aY yarojiEa, i. e. The visitor of the sick is as though he were in the gardens of Paradise until he returns: or upon the palm-trees of Paradise; gathering, or plucking, their fruits: or upon the roads of Paradise: (Mgh, * TA:) or, as some relate it, Aljn~pi ↓ ElY maxorafapi. (TA. [See also another explanation, and other readings in what follows.]) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, Aln~aEami ↓ tarakotukumo EalaY maxorafapi, (S,) or turikotumo, (TA,) i. e. [I have left you, or ye have been left,] upon a conspicuous road, like the road of the camels, (As, S, * TA,) which they have trodden with their feet so that it has become plainly apparent. (As, TA.) ― -b3- Also Gathered, or plucked, fruit of palm-trees: (As, A 'Obeyd, IAmb, K:) a correct meaning, though IKt says that the proper word in this sense is only maxoruwfN: it is like ma$orabN and maToEamN and marokabN as meaning ma$oruwbN and TaEaAmN maA^okuwlN and marokuwbN; and may signify fresh ripe dates gathered or plucked: (IAmb, TA:) pl. as above. (As, &c.) So in the former of the two trads. mentioned above accord. to As and A 'Obeyd: (TA:) and this interpretation is corroborated by another reading, i. e., ElY Aljn~pi ↓ xurofapi: (Mgh:) another reading is, fiY Aljn~pi ↓ xiraAfi: [see xaraAfN:] and another, lahu fiY Aljan~api ↓ xariyfN, i. e. [The visitor of the sick shall have] gathered fruits in Paradise. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see 4. The thing in which fruits are gathered; (S, Har p. 374;) called by the Arabs xaAfapN: (Har ib.:) a [basket of the kind called] mikotal, (Msb,) or zinobiyl, of small size, in which the best fresh ripe dates are gathered: (O, K:) pl. maxaArifu. (A, TA.) One says, xarajuwA A_ilaY AlmaxaArifi bAlmaxaArifi, i. e. They went forth to the gardens with the baskets (zubul) [for gathering fruit]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (assumed tropical:) The basket (znbyl) in which the importunate beggar puts his food. (Har ubi suprà.) : see maxorafN, in six places. : see xariyfN. -A2- Also Rained upon by the rain called xariyf; pl., applied to men, maxoruwfuwna: (TA:) [so, too, applied to a beast:] and so, with p, applied to land (A^aroD). (As, S.) Denied, or refused, good, or prosperity; prevented, or withheld, from obtaining good, good fortune, or sustenance; (K;) i. q. muHaArafN; (JK, TA;) as also mujaArafN. (TA.) xrfj , (L, K,) inf. n. xarofajapN, (TA,) He took it plentifully, or largely. (L, K.) ― -b2- He made it to be of the best kind; namely, food, or meat and drink. (Er-Riyáshee.) : see muxarofajN: ― -b2- and xirofiyjN. and ↓ xuraAfj [app. xurofujN and xuraAfijN, but in the CK xurofaj and xuraAfaj,] and ↓ xirofaAjN and ↓ xirofiyjN A plentiful and pleasant state of life. (K.) Fat, as an epithet, (L, K,) applied to a lamb; as also ↓ xuraAfijN. (L.) ― -b2- See also xirofiyjN. Goodness of food, aliment, or nutriment, or of meat and drink, with plenty. (TA.) ― -b2- Also inf. n. of the verb above. (TA.) : see xurofj: ― -b2- and see also xirofiyjN. A flourishing and fresh condition, or softness, or tenderness, of a plant, or of herbage. (L.) ― -b2- See also what next follows. : see xurofj. ― -b2- Also Fresh, or juicy; flourishing and fresh, or soft, or tender; (L, K;) applied to a plant, or to herbage; and so ↓ xirofaAjN and ↓ xuraAfijN and ↓ xurafijN and ↓ xurofanojN. (L.) [And ↓ xarofajN seems to have a similar meaning.] The rájiz [El-'Ajjáj (so in a copy of the S)] says, jaAriyapN $ab~ato $abaAbFA xarofajaA [app. meaning A girl that had attained to flourishing, or soft, or tender, youthfulness.] (S.) : see xurofj: ― -b2- and xurafijN: ― -b3- and xirofiyjN: ― -b4- and what here follows. Ample: (K:) applied to anything. (TA.) It is said in a trad., kariha Als~araAwiyla Almuxarofajapa He disliked, or disapproved of, ample trousers: (A 'Obeyd:) or they say it means trousers reaching down to the upper part of the foot. (S.) And you say, Eayo$N muxarofajN A plentiful life. (S.) ― -b2- Also The best of food, or of meat and drink; and so ↓ xarofajN and ↓ xuraAfijN. (Er-Riyáshee.) xrq , (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. (Mgh, Msb, K) and , (K,) the former of which is the more chaste, (TA,) inf. n. xaroqN, (S, Mgh, Msb, KL,) He made a hole in it, perforated it, pierced it, or bored it; (Msb, * KL;) syn. jaAbahu [in this sense, as well as in another to be explained below], (K, [in the CK, erroneously, jA'a bhi,]) and vaqabahu: (TA:) and he cut it [so as to make a hole or a slit in it]: (Msb:) and he rent it, or tore it. (JK, K, KL.) You say, xaraqa Alvawoba, (JK, S, Mgh, K,) aor. [and ], inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) He [made a hole in, or] rent, or tore, the garment, or piece of cloth; (JK, K;) and Alxuf~a [the boot]; and the like. (Mgh.) And xaraqa AlS~axorapa He made a hole in the rock; syn. jaAbahu. (A in art. jwb.) [And xaraqa AlHaAy^iTa He made a hole in, or through, the wall: see xaroqN, below.] And xaraqahu biAlmivoqabi He made a hole in it or through it, perforated it, pierced it, or bored it, with a drill or the like; syn. vaqabahu. (Msb in art. vqb.) xaraqa Als~afiynapa [He made a hole in the ship], in the Kur xviii. 70, means that he did so by taking out, from the ship, with an axe, (Ksh, Bd, Jel,) a plank, (Jel,) or two planks. (Ksh, Bd.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xaraqa AlA^aroDa, (JK, S, Msb,) or AlmafaAzapa, (Mgh, K, *) (tropical:) He traversed, crossed, or cut through by journeying, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the earth, or land, (JK, S, Msb,) or the desert; (Mgh, K;) syn. qaTaEahaA; (JK, Mgh, K; *) or jaAbahaA; (S, Msb;) so as to reach the furthest part thereof. (Mgh, TA.) [See also 8.] It is said in the Kur [xvii. 39], A_in~aka lano taxoriqa AlA^aroDa, meaning, For thou shalt not reach the extremities of the earth: or, accord. to Az, thou shalt not traverse the earth in length and breadth: (TA:) or it means thou shalt not bore through the earth, (Jel, TA,) so as to reach the end thereof: (Jel:) or thou shalt not make a hole in the earth by thy vehement treading: (Ksh, Bd:) accord. to one reading, ln taxoruqa. (Ksh, TA.) ― -b3- [And xaraqati Alr~iyHu (assumed tropical:) The wind passed along: and (assumed tropical:) blew: for] the inf. n. xaroqN signifies (assumed tropical:) the passing of the wind: and (assumed tropical:) the blowing thereof. (KL.) [See also 7 and 8.] ― -b4- xaraqa Alka*iba (tropical:) He forged, or feigned, the lie; as also ↓Axtrqhu. (K, TA.) It is said in the Kur vi. 100, waxaraquwA lahu baniyna wabanaAtK, i. e. (tropical:) And they have feigned Him to have, or falsely attributed to Him, sons and daughters. (Ksh, Bd, Jel. [See also 2.]) And xaraqa [alone, the object being understood], (K,) inf. n. as above, (KL,) signifies (tropical:) He lied; told a lie: (K, KL, TA:) and ↓ txr~q (tropical:) he forged, or feigned, a lie. (S, K, TA.) -A2- xariqati Al$~aApu, aor. , inf. n. xaraqN, The sheep had in its ear a xaroq, i. e. a round hole or perforation. (Msb.) -A3- xariqa fiY Albayoti, aor. , (JK, K,) inf. n. xuruwqN, (JK,) or xaraqN; (TK;) and xaraqa, inf. n. xuruwqN; (K;) He remained in the house, or tent, not quitting it. (JK, * K.) ― -b2- And xariqa, aor. , inf. n. xaraqN, said of a gazelle, or young gazelle, (Msb, K, TA,) when hunted, (TA,) or when overtaken by the dog, (IAar,) It was frightened, (Msb, K, TA, [in the CK, Aano yaEoraqa is erroneously put for A^ano yaforaqa,]) so as to be unable to go away, (Msb,) or so as to be unable to rise, (K, TA,) and clave to the ground: (IAar, TA:) and in like manner said of a bird, (Msb, K,) it became frightened, (K,) or impatient, (TA,) so as to be unable to fly away. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And hence, (Msb,) the same verb, (S, Msb, K,) with the same aor., (Msb, K,) and the same inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) said of a man, (Msb,) He became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or he became bereft of his reason or intellect, because of fear, or of shame: (S, Msb, K:) or he was confounded, perplexed, or amazed, [for yatahay~aba in the CK, I read yabohata, as in other copies of the K and in the TA,] opening his eyes, and looking: (K, TA:) and he remained confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of anxiety, or of hardship, or distress. (TA.) waqaEa faxariqa [He fell down and clave to the ground], occurring in a trad, means he fell down dead. (TA.) -A4- xariqa, aor. , (JK, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. xaraqN; (S, Msb, K; *) and xaruqa, aor. , (JK, K,) [of which xuroqN, said in the S and Msb to be a simple subst., may be the inf. n., like as HusonN is of Hasona;] He was rough, ungentle, clumsy, or awkward, (S, Msb, K,) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) and he was unskilful in work, and in the management of affairs: and he was foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding: (K:) or he was ignorant: (JK:) or the latter verb signifies he knew not his work with his hand, or his handicraft. (Msb.) And xaruqa biAl$~aYo'i He was ignorant of the thing, (K, TA,) and did it not well. (TA.) , (S, Msb,) inf. n. taxoriyqN, (Msb, K,) is similar to xaraqahu, but has an intensive signification; [He made holes in it; perforated it, pierced it, or bored it, in several, or many, places: he cut it so as to make holes or slits in it:] (Msb:) he rent it, or tore it, much, or in several, or many, places: (K, TA:) namely, a garment, (S, TA,) &c. (TA.) ― -b2- And xr~q, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He lied much. (K, TA.) Aboo-Jaafar and Náfi' read, [in the Kur vi. 100,] waxar~aquwA lahu baniyna wabanaAtK (assumed tropical:) [And they have very falsely attributed to Him sons and daughters]. (TA. [See also 1.]) He (a man, S) caused him to be confounded, or perplexed, so that he was unable to see his right course; or caused him to be bereft of his reason, or intellect. (S, K.) quasi-pass. of xar~aqa; [thus signifying It had holes made in it; became perforated, pierced, or bored, in several, or many, places: it became cut so as to have holes or slits made in it: it became rent, or torn, much, or in several, or many, places:] (S, * K:) as also ↓ Anxrq; (K;) [or rather the latter, as is indicated in the S, is quasi-pass. of xaraqa, and thus signifies it had a hole made in it; became perforated, pierced, or bored: it became cut so as to have a hole or slit made in it: it became rent, or torn:] and ↓Axrwrq signifies the same [as the former or as the latter]: all said of a garment [&c.]: (S:) and ↓ Anxrq signifies also it became wide, or expanded. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] txr~q fiY Als~axaA='i (tropical:) He took a wide, or an ample, range, or was profuse, in liberality, bounty, or munificence; syn. tws~E. (S, K, TA.) ― -b3- See also 1, in the middle of the paragraph. ― -b4- And see what next follows, in two places. see 5, in two places. ― -b2- Anxrqti Alr~iyHu (tropical:) The wind blew [app. in any manner, (see munoxaraq,) or] irregularly; not in one uniform manner: (TA:) [and ↓txr~ft app. signifies the same: for you say,] baladN waAsiEN tanoxariqu bihi Alr~iyaAHu [(assumed tropical:) A wide country in which the winds blow, or blow irregularly]: (El-Muärrij, TA:) and fiyhaA Alr~iyaAHu ↓ A^aroDN waAsiEapN tataxar~aqu [app. meaning, in like manner, (assumed tropical:) A wide land in which the winds blow, &c.]. (S, K.) (tropical:) He, or it, passed through, or over, or across. (Mgh, K, * TA.) [See also 1, in the former half of the paragraph.] (tropical:) He traversed, or crossed, (Mgh, TA,) a desert, (Mgh,) or a land, (TA,) not following a road. (Mgh, TA.) [(assumed tropical:) He travelled a road: see an ex. voce vugorapN.] (tropical:) He made a mosque, (Mgh, TA,) and a house, (TA,) to be his way, or thoroughfare. (Mgh, TA.) Hence, Axtrq AlHijora (assumed tropical:) He entered into the midst of the Hijor [q. v.], without going around the HaTiym. (Mgh.) And Alxayolu taxotariqu maAbayona AlquraY waAlA^aroDi (tropical:) The horses, or horsemen, pass through the midst of the intervening spaces of the towns, or villages, and the land. (TA.) And Aixotaraqotu Alqawoma (assumed tropical:) I stepped into the midst of the people, or party. (TA.) And Alr~ayHu taxotariqu AlA^a$ojaAra (assumed tropical:) [The wind passes, or blows, through the trees.] (JK.) AixotiraAqu Alr~iyaAHi signifies (assumed tropical:) The passing [or blowing] of the winds. (S.) [See also 1, in the middle of the paragraph; and see 7.] ― -b2- Axtrq Alka*iba: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph. see 5. , originally an inf. n., of 1: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) A hole, or perforation, (Mgh, Msb, KL,) in a garment, (S, TA,) and in a wall, (Msb, TA,) &c.: (Msb:) and a round hole, or perforation, in the ear of a sheep: (S, Msb:) pl. xuruwqN. (S, Mgh, Msb.) Hence the saying, Ait~asaEa Alxaroqu EalaY Alr~aAqiEi [The hole was, or became, wide to the patcher]. (TA.) ― -b2- And A part that has a hole made in it, or that is rent, or torn, of, or from, a thing. (TA.) ― -b3- Also A desert; and so ↓ maxoraqN: (K:) or the former, a desert far extending, (JK, TA,) whether level or not level: and ↓ the latter, a wide desert in which the winds [blow, or] blow irregularly: (TA:) and the former, (El-Muärrij, K,) as also ↓ xaroqaA='N, (K,) signifies likewise a wide land, (K,) or a wide country, (El-Muärrij,) in which the winds [blow, or] blow irregularly: (El-Muärrij, K: [see 7:]) ISh says, the space between El-Basrah and Hafr Abee-Moosà is a xaroq, and that between En-Nibáj and Dareeyeh is a xaroq: (TA:) pl. xuruwqN. (K.) You say also xawoqaA='u ↓ mafaAzapN xaroqaA='u A farextending desert. (TA.) And qaTaEonaA A_ilayokumo A^aroDFA ↓ xaroqaA='a and ↓ xaruwqFA [We have traversed, in journeying to you, a wide land, or a wide land in which the winds blow, &c.]. (TA.) -A2- Also A certain plant, resembling the qusoT [q. v.], (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K,) having leaves. (JK, Ibn- 'Abbád.) a subst. from xariqa, (S, Msb,) [or perhaps inf. n. of xaruqa as syn. with xariqa, (see 1, last two sentences,)] and ↓ xuruqN, (TA,) Roughness, ungentleness, clumsiness, or awkwardness; contr. of rifoqN; (JK, S, * Mgh, Msb, * K, TA;) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) unskilfulness in work, and in the management of affairs: foolishness; stupidity; or unsoundness, or deficiency, in intellect or understanding; as also ↓ xuroqapN: (K:) and ignorance. (TA.) [Hence,] nawomapu Alxuroqi The sleep of [the time of morning called] the DuHaY. (Har p. 223. [See also HumoqN and xuluqN.]) -A2- The first of these words is also pl. of A^axoraqu and of [its fem.] xaroqaA='u. (K.) -A3- Also The she-camel's vulva. (JK.) and ↓ xir~iyqN (tropical:) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, K;) as also ↓ mixoraAqN: (IAar, K:) or ↓ the second signifies very liberal or bountiful &c.: (K: [so in a later part of the art.:]) or this and the first signify one who takes a wide, or an ample, range, or is profuse, in liberality or bounty &c.: (TA:) or a youth, or young man, (JK,) excellent, or elegant, in mind, manners, address, speech, person, and the like; or clever, or ingenious; with liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity, (Lth, JK, K,) and courage: (Lth, JK:) and a goodly youth or young man, [for AlfatiY~u in the CK, I read AlfataY, as in other copies of the K,] of generous disposition: (K:) the pl. (of xiroqN, TA) is A^axoraAqN [a pl. of pauc.] (K) and xuraAqN, or xur~aAqN, (accord. to different copies of the K, [both anomalous, and perhaps it is xiraAqN, agreeably with analogy,]) and xuruwqN; (K;) and the pl. of ↓ xir~iyqN is xir~iyquwna; no broken pl. of it having been heard. (T, TA.) One says also, Alkaf~i biAln~awaAli ↓ huwa mataxar~iqu (tropical:) [He has a liberal hand, largely beneficent]. (TA.) And Alk~f~i biAln~awaAli ↓ huwa maxoruwqu (tropical:) He is liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous. (TA. [But see maxoruwqN below.]) ― -b2- xiroqN is also applied to a spear, meaning (assumed tropical:) Highly esteemed or prized; excellent; or rare. (TA.) : see A^axoraqu. [part. n. of xariqa, q. v.:] A young gazelle weak in the legs, (K, TA,) cleaving to the ground, and not rising: (TA:) a gazelle, or young gazelle, (K, TA,) when hunted, (TA,) frightened, so as to be unable to rise: (K, TA:) and in like manner a bird (K, TA) frightened, (K,) or impatient, (TA,) so as to be unable to fly away: (K, TA:) fem. with p. (K.) ― -b2- And [hence,] A man (Msb) confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or bereft of his reason or intellect, by reason of fear, or of shame: (S, Msb, K:) or confounded, perplexed, or amazed, opening his eyes, and looking. (K, TA.) See also A^axoraqu. -A2- Also Ashes: because they remain [cleaving to the ground] while the people thereof go away. (K.) : see xuroqN. : see xuroqN. A piece, (S, Msb, K,) or piece torn off, (TA,) of a garment, or of cloth; [a rag;] pl. xiraqN. (S, Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [A ragged, patched, garment: and particularly one worn by a devotee; also called muraq~aEapN, q. v.: but this is probably postclassical. Hence, A^aSoHaAbu Alxiraqi The devotees.] ― -b3- (tropical:) A portion of a swarm of locusts, (K, TA,) less than a rijol; as also HizoqapN. (TA.) : see the next paragraph: ― -b2- and see also xaroqN. A womb rent by the fœtus, and that consequently does not conceive (K, TA) afterwards; (TA;) [of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN;] as also ↓ mutaxar~iqapN. (K.) ― -b2- And A she-camel whose womb has been rent. (JK.) Applied to a well (biy^or), it signifies Al~atiY kusira jibolatuhaAEani AlmaA='i: (JK, Ibn-' Abbád, K:) [in the CK jabalatuhA: neither of these readings affords an admissible meaning: the right reading I believe to be jiyluhaA; and the meaning, Of which the side, or lateral part, is broken, from the water upwards:] pl. xaraAy^iqu (JK, Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA) and xuruqN, (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA, [the latter erroneously written in the CK xuruwoqN,]) like safaAy^inu and sufonN. (TA.) ― -b3- A channel of water that is not deep, and not without trees. (JK, Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) ― -b4- The place of expanding of a valley, where it ends. (JK, K.) ― -b5- A low, or depressed, tract of land, containing herbage: pl. xuruqN. (S, K.) One says, mararotu bixariyqK mina AlA^aroDi bayona masoHaAwayoni [I passed by a low tract of land, containing herbage, between two plain tracts containing small pebbles and without herbage]. (Fr, S.) ― -b6- Hard ground. (A, TA.) ― -b7- (tropical:) A violent wind; (A, TA;) as also ↓ riyHN xaroqaA='u: (S, K:) the latter signifies (tropical:) a wind that blows violently: or, that does not continue to blow in the same direction: (TA:) or the former signifies (tropical:) a cold wind that blows violently; (S, K;) as also ↓ xaruwqN: (K:) [it is an epithet; for] one says riyHN xariyqN which is anomalous, as by rule one should say xariyqapN: (S:) it is [also] one of the names for (tropical:) a cold wind that blows violently; (JK, T, TA;) as though it perforated, or rent; the agent [riyHN] being unused: (T, TA:) and (as some say, TA) it signifies also (assumed tropical:) a gentle, soft, wind; thus bearing two contr. meanings: or that returns, and [then] continues its course: (K:) or, as in the L, does not continue its course: (TA:) or that blows long. (K.) A certain bird, (JK, IDrd, K,) smaller than the qunobur [or lark], (JK,) that cleaves to the ground: (IDrd:) or a kind of sparrow: (K:) so says AHát, in the “ Book of Birds: ” (TA:) pl. xaraAriqu. (JK, IDrd, K.) : see xiroqN, in three places. [act. part. n. of xaraqa]. ― -b2- [And hence,] sayofN xaAriqN A sharp, or cutting, sword: pl. xuruqN. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] A^amorN xaAriqN liloEaAdapi (assumed tropical:) [An event breaking through, or infringing, the usual course of nature]. (KT, in a definition of muEojizapN, q. v.) ― -b4- [In the present day, xaAriqN signifies also (assumed tropical:) Profound, or penetrating, in learning or science.] and [its fem.] xaroqaA='u have for their pl. xuroqN. (K.) ― -b2- The fem., applied to a ewe, signifies Having her ear perforated (S, Mgh, Msb, K) with a round hole. (S, Msb.) And, applied to an ear, Perforated, or bored. (TA.) ― -b3- And the masc., applied to a camel, That puts his manosim [or toe] upon the ground before [the sole of] his xuf~ [or foot]: the doing of which is a result of generous quality. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) And the fem., applied to a she-camel, That does not retread (laA tataEaAhadu), in the L lA ttEh~d,) [with her hind feet] the places of her [fore] feet (JK, L, K) upon the ground: mentioned by Ibn- 'Abbád and Z. (TA.) ― -b4- Applied to a man, (Mgh, Msb,) Rough, ungentle, clumsy, or awkward, (JK, S, Msb,) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) unskilful in work [and in the management of affairs (see xariqa]; as also ↓ xariqN and ↓ xaruqN: (K:) or foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding: (Mgh, K:) ignorant: (TA:) not knowing his work with his hand, or his handicraft: (Msb:) fem. as above. (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, &c.) It is said in a prov., (JK, S,) laA taEodamu AlxaroqaA='u Eil~apF [The stupid woman is not in want of an excuse]: (JK, S, K:) used in forbidding excuses: (K:) i. e., excuses are many: the stupid woman is skilled in making them: how then must be the clever? (S, K:) applied to every one who excuses himself being able. (K in art. El.) ― -b5- xaroqaA='u applied to a desert, and to a land: see xaroqN, in three places. ― -b6- And applied to a wind: see xariyqN. ― -b7- Hence, riHolapN xaroqA='u (assumed tropical:) A hard journey. (Har p. 177.) : see xaroqN, in two places. ― -b2- maxoraqu HawoDK A stone that is at the Euqor [or hinder part] of a watering-trough, for the purpose of their [standing upon it, and] drawing forth the water from it, [i. e. the trough,] when they will. (K.) , though unheard by us, is the sing. of maxaAriqu signifying The orifices of the body; such as the mouth and the nose and the ears and the anus and the like. (Mgh.) [pass. part. n. of 4; Confounded, &c.: and hence,] silent. (JK: but there written without the vowel of the r.) , applied to a road, means [That does not cause one to be confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or] in which one is not confounded, or perplexed, so as to be unable to see his right course. (IAar in TA: but the latter word is there written without the vowel of the r.) A kerchief twisted for the purpose of beating therewith: (JK, S:) a genuine Arabic word: (S:) or a thing made of twisted rags, with which boys play: (TA:) or a twisted kerchief, or an inflated [skin such as is termed] ziq~, or the like, with which boys play, beating one another therewith: so called because it rends (yaxoriqu) the air when they make use of it: (Ham p. 702:) pl. maxaAriyqu. (S, TA.) 'Amr Ibn-Kulthoom says, kaA^an~a suyuwfanaA min~aA waminohumo maxaAriyqN biA^ayodiY laA EibiynaA [As though our swords, ours and theirs, were kerchiefs twisted for beating therewith, in the hands of players]: (S:) or mxAryq in this verse [written with tenween by poetic license] is the pl. of mixoraAqN signifying a wooden sword with which boys play: the poet means, we cared not for the smiting with the swords, like as the players care not for the smiting with the mxAryq. (EM p. 198.) [See also another ex., in a verse cited voce xariyjN.] 'Alee is related, in a trad., to have said that the lightning is the maxaAriyq of the angels; (S, TA;) meaning thereby the instruments with which the angels chide and drive the clouds. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A garment, or piece of cloth. (JK. [But this I find not elsewhere.]) ― -b3- And (tropical:) A sword [in the ordinary sense of the word]: so in the A and O and L: in the K, Als~ay~idu is erroneously put for Als~ayofu. (TA.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) A man goodly in body, or person, whether tall or not tall. (JK, K.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) One who falls not into a case without escaping, or extricating himself, therefrom. (Sh, TA.) ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) One who exercises art in the management of affairs. (K.) ― -b7- (tropical:) A wild bull: (As, K:) so called because he traverses far-extending districts: (As, TA:) or because the dogs pursue him and he escapes from them: said in the A to be called mixoraAqu AlmafaAzapi. (TA.) ― -b8- (assumed tropical:) A man who engages in wars, or fights, and is active therein. (S, K.) ― -b9- See also xiroqN. (tropical:) One who is denied good, or prosperity; into whose hand wealth falls not. (K, TA.) And maxoruwqu Alkaf~i (assumed tropical:) A man who gains not, or gets not, anything. (JK.) See also xiroqN. One who goes round about camels, [meaning who has them within the compass of his rule and care,] (JK, K, TA,) and urges them against their will, (TA,) and is active, and exercises art in his management [of them]: (JK, K, TA:) mentioned by Sgh on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A passage, or place of passing. (S. [See xawoxapN, in two places.]) ― -b2- [Hence,] baladN baEiydu Almuxotaraqi (assumed tropical:) [A country, or district, wide to traverse; lit., far extending in respect of the place of passing]. (TA.) ― -b3- muxotaraqu Alr~iyaAHi (assumed tropical:) A place in which the winds blow: (K:) and Alr~iyHi ↓ munoxaraqu (assumed tropical:) a place in which the wind blows [in any manner, or irregularly: see 7]. (S.) : see the last paragraph in this art.: and see also xariyqN: ― -b2- and xiroqN. : see muxotaraqN. [Having a hole made in it, &c.: see its verb]. rajulN munoxariqu Als~irobaAli A man having his clothing rent, or torn, (JK, K,) by long travel; as also Als~irobaAl ↓ mutaxar~iqu. (K.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) Quick, or swift. (Ham p. 42.) xrm , aor. , inf.n. xaromN, He perforated, or pierced, it; namely, a thing. (Msb.) [And so xazamahu. (Mgh in art. xzm.)] ― -b2- And He cut it, or cut it off. (Msb.) You say, maA xaramotu minohu $ayoy^FA I did not diminish, and did not cut off, from it, or him, anything. (S.) And maA xarama mina AlHadiyvi HarofFA He did not diminish [from the narrative, or tradition, a letter, or a word]. (TA.) And xarama fulaAnFA, (K,) aor, and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He slit the partition between the nostrils of such a one: (K:) or xaromN signifies the mutilating (qaToE) of the nose: (JK:) or mutilation (qaToE) in the partition between the nostrils and in the naA$irataAni [or two alœ], or in the extremity of the A^aronabap [or lobule of the nose]; not amounting to what is termed jadoEN; (Lth, TA;) and the epithet is ↓ A^axoramu, fem. xaromaA='u: (Lth, JK, TA:) and the like in the lip; or in the upper part of the fuwq [app. meaning the front edge of the lobe, which at its termination above forms a crena,] of the ear: (Lth, TA: [see A^axoramu, as relating to the ear:]) accord. to Sh, it is both in the nose and in the ear; but in the nose, it is the mutilation (qTE) of the fore part of the nostril of a man, and the A^aronabap [or lobule of the nose], after the mutilation of the upper part of this, so as to reach the interior of the nose; and the epithet applied to the man is ↓ A^axoramu. (TA.) And xaramahu, inf. n. as above, also signifies He hit, or hurt, his xaworamap [q. v.]. (TA.) You say also, xarama Alxurozapa, (K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] Alxarazapa,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n.; (TA;) and ↓ xr~mhA, (K,) inf.n. taxoriymN; (TA;) He cracked, or tore without separating, the suture, or seam, of a skin; syn. faSamahaA: (K, TA, in the CK qaSamahA:) or xaramotu Alxaroza, aor. and inf. n. as above, i. q. A^avoA^ayotuhu [meaning I spoiled the sewing of the skin, or hide; as when one uses a thick instrument for sewing or perforating, and a thin thong; or as when one rends two stitch-holes into one]. (S.) [And xaramahu sayolN app. A torrent cut into it, or trenched it; namely, the ground, or the side of a mountain: see xaromN.] And ↓ xaramatohu xawaArimu [lit. Cutting-off events cut him off]; meaning (assumed tropical:) he died: like as one says, $aEabatohu $aEuwbu. (TA. [See also 8.]) ― -b3- xarama AlqiroTaAsa He hit the target with his arrow without perforating it. (TA.) ― -b4- maA xarama Eani AlT~ariyqi He (a guide) did not turn aside from the way. (JK, S.) -A2- xarima, (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xaramN, (S,) said of a man, (S, K,) He had the partition between his nostrils cut, or mutilated: or the extremity of his nose, but not to the extent denoted by the term jadoEN: the epithet applied to the man in this case is ↓ A^axoramu: (S:) or he had the partition between his nostrils slit; i. e. wataratuhu ↓ taxar~amato. (K.) -A3- xaruma, aor. , He cared not for what he did nor for what was said to him. (K.) see 1. ― -b2- [Hence,] DaroEN fiyhi taxoriymN An udder in which are incisions [or crackings of the skin]; and so fyh ta$oriymN. (TA.) : see 1, last sentence but one. txr~mt Alxurozapu (K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] xaramahaA,) The suture, or seam, of a skin cracked, or became torn without separating; quasi-pass. of xaramahaA [q. v.]. (K, TA.) ↓ Anxrm [in like manner] signifies It became slit; said of the bore of the ear. (S.) And you say also, txr~m Alz~anodu [The wooden instrument for producing fire cracked, or split]. (TA.) Hence the phrase, A^araAka yataxar~amu zanoduka, mentioned by IAar, meaning (assumed tropical:) I see thee to have no good in thee: for when the znd cracks, or splits, (A_i*aA taxar~ama,) one cannot produce fire by mean of it, and there is no good in it. (TA.) [Hence likewise,] txr~m zanoduhu means also (tropical:) His anger became appeased: [or,] accord. to the S, txr~m zabaduhu has this meaning: and accord. to the A, txr~m A^anofuhu has the same meaning. (TA.) Accord. to IAar, (TA,) jaA='anaA fulaAnN yataxar~amu zabaduhu means (tropical:) Such a one came to us doing to us that which was wrongful, or injurious, and foolish, or stupid. (K, * TA.) -A2- See also 8, in two places. -A3- txr~m also signifies He followed, or adopted, the religion of the xur~amiy~ap. (S, K, TA: in the CK, the maxorimiy~ap.) It became cut, or cut off. (Msb.) See also 5. Said of a writing, or book, it means It became deficient; part of it went. (TA.) And said of a generation, It went away; came to an end. (TA.) See also A^axoramu. Time, or fortune, cut them off; and extirpated them; as also ↓ taxar~amahumo: (S:) or destroyed them by its calamities. (Msb.) And Aixotaramatohumu Almaniy~apu and ↓ taxar~amatohumo Death, or the decree of death, cut them off; and extirpated them. (K.) And Aixoaramatohu Almaniy~apu Death, or the decree of death, [cut him off, or] took him away, (JK, K, TA,) mino bayoni A^aSoHaAbihi [from amidst his companions. (TA. [A phrase similar to xaramatohu xawaArimu: see 1.]) And Auxoturima Ean~aA (JK, * K,) [He was cut off from us by death;] he was taken away [from us by death]; (JK;) he died, (K, TA,) and went away [from us]. (TA.) Accord. to some, AixotirAmN [as an inf. n. of Auxoturima] signifies The dying suddenly. (Har p. 123.) A prominence, or projecting part, of a mountain: (JK, S, K:) pl. xuruwmN. (JK.) And A bed trenched by a torrent (maA xarama sayolN [see 1]): (JK:) so some say: (TA:) or a road in a [tract of high ground such as is termed] quf~; or on the summit of a mountain. (JK, TA.) [See also maxorimN.] The place of the bore, or perforation, of a thing. (Msb.) The eye of a needle. (TA.) ― -b2- See also maxorimN. The place of perforation of the ear: (S:) or the place of slitting, of the nose, in the partition between the nostrils [and in either of the alœ, as appears from what here follows]. (K.) It is said in a trad., fiY AlxaramaAti Alv~alaAvi mina AlA^anof Ald~iyapu, by AlxrmAt being app. meant ↓ AlmaxoruwmaAt, i. e. [In the case of the mutilation of] the two alœ and the partition between the nostrils [the blood-wit, or fine for homicide, shall be paid]. (TA.) A lie, or falsehood. (S, K.) One says, jaA='a fulaAnN biAlxuromaAni (S, TA) i. e. [Such a one uttered] that which was a lie. (TA.) One who cares not for what he does nor for what is said to him. (K.) The sect who held the doctrine of the transmigration of the soul, and allowed general license: (S, K, TA:) they were in the time of El-Moatasim: their sheykh, Bábak [El-Khurramee, i. e. of Khurram, in Persia], was then slain, and they scattered themselves in the countries; and there remains of them a remnant in the mountains of Syria. (TA.) [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] Young men (TA) such as follow the licentious ways of the xur~amiy~ap [so I render ↓ mutaxar~imuwna] in acts of disobedience. (K, TA.) [See what next follows.] [act. part. n. of xarama: fem. with p; and pl. of the latter xawaArimu]. One says, xaramatohu xawaArimu [explained above]: see 1. (TA.) ― -b2- Corrupting; acting corruptly; doing evil, or mischief. (K.) [See xur~aAmN, which is probably a pl. thereof.] ― -b3- Neglecting; or leaving undone [what ought to be done]. (K.) -A2- Cold, as an epithet (K.) ― -b2- A cold wind: (K:) so accord. to A'Obeyd: but accord. to Kr, [xaAzimN,] with zAY. (TA.) : see what next follows. The end, or tip, of the nose (JK, S) of a man: (S:) or the fore part of the nose: or the part between the nostrils. (K.) ― -b2- Also, (JK, K,) as being likened thereto, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A rock in which are holes; (JK, K;) n. un. of ↓ xaworamN: (K:) [or] the latter has this signification. (S. [But this seems to be a mistake.]) [Having the nose mutilated in any of the manners explained in the first paragraph of this art.]: fem. xaromaA='u: see 1, in three places. ― -b2- And Having the ear perforated, when it is not slit: (S:) or having the ear slit after it has been pierced: (S and Msb* and TA in art. xrb:) and ↓muxar~amN, likewise, signifies having the ear slit; as also A^axorabu and muxar~abN. (TA in that art.) And the fem., applied to a she-goat, Having her ear slit crosswise. (K. [See also xa*omaA='u.]) Also, the fem., applied to an ear, Slit, or perforated, or mutilated. (K, * TA.) -A2- Also A pool of water left by a torrent; because one part thereof passes a way (↓ yanoxarimu) to another: pl. xuromN. (TA.) ― -b2- And the fem. also signifies Any hill, or rising ground, sloping down into a [hollow such as is termed] wahodap; (K;) and so the masc.: (TA:) or any [hill such as is termed] A^akamap having a side whereby it cannot be ascended. (K.) -A3- A^axoramu Alkatifi The extremity of the spine of the scapula: (S:) or a notch, or small hollowed place, [app. the glenoid cavity,] at the extremity of the spine of the scapula, (JK, T, TA,) next the socket: (T, TA:) pl. A^axaArimu: (JK, T, TA:) or A^axoramaA Alkatifayoni, in the K miswritten A=xiru maA fiY Alkatiafayoni, signifies the heads of the two scapulæ, next the upper arms: (K, * TA:) or the two extremities, or edges, of the lower portion of the two scapulæ, which surround, or border, the kuEoburap [app. here meaning the thick part next to the inferior angle] of the scapula: and AlA^axoramu the end of the spine [of the scapula]. (K, * TA. [In the K is here added, accord. to different copies, Hayovu yanoxadiEu, as in the TA; or Hyv yanoxadimu, as in the CK; or Hyv yanoxa*imu: the right reading seems to be Hayovu yanoxarimu, where it forms a kind of cleft; app. meaning where it forms the glenoid cavity. In the CK, for munoqaTaEu AlEayori, is erroneously put munoqaTiEu AlEayoni; and w is erroneously prefixed to the former noun.]) ― -b2- AlA^axoramaAni Two cleft bones at the extremity of the interior of the upper part of the inside of the mouth. (K.) -A4- A^axoramu Alr~aA^oYi (tropical:) A man weak in judgment. (JK, TA.) The end of a prominence, or projecting part, of a mountain: pl. maxaArimu: (S:) or maxorimu jabalK signifies the prominence, or projecting part, of a mountain: [like xaromN:] and maxorimu sayolK, the extremity of a torrent: (K: [accord. to the TK, of a sword; for mxrm Alsyf is there put in the place of mxrm Alsiyl:]) pl. as above: (TA:) and maxorimu A^akamapK and AkmpK ↓ xuromu signify the place where a hill such as is termed Akmp ends. (K.) Also A [road such as is termed] vaniy~ap, between two mountains: (TA:) [or the pl.] maxaArimu signifies the mouths of [mountain-roads such as are termed] fijaAj: (S:) or roads in rugged tracts: (Skr, K:) or roads in mountains, and in sands. (IAth, TA.) [Hence,] yamiynN *aAtu maxaArima (tropical:) An oath in which are ways of evasion. (S, TA.) And laA xayora fiY yamiynK laA maxaArima lahaA (tropical:) There is no good in an oath that has not ways of evasion: from maxorimN signifying “ a vaniy~ap between two mountains. ” (TA.) And h`*ihi yamiynN qado TalaEato fiY AlmaxaArimi (tropical:) [This is an oath that has come forth in expressions that admit of ways of evasion]: said of an oath that affords a way [or rather ways] of evasion to the utterer thereof. (AZ, TA.) ― -b2- [The pl.] AlmaxaArimu [or maxaArimu All~ayoli] also signifies The first portions of the night. (K.) It occurs in an instance in which some read AlmaHaArimu [pl. of maHoramN, q. v.]. (TA.) : see A^axoramu. It is said in a trad., nahaY A^ano yuDaH~aY biAlmuxar~amapi AlA^u*uni He forbade the sacrificing as an A^uDoHiy~ap [q. v.] the animal having the ear cut, or cut off, or mutilated: or having many perforations, and slits, in its ear. (TA.) : see xaramapN. : see xur~aAmN. xrnb and xaronuwbN: see xar~uwbN, in art. xrb. : see xin~aAbataAni, in art. xnb. xrw , as in the Tekmileh, on the authority of Fr; in the K and accord. to Sgh, AlfaA^osi ↓ xurowapu, which is a mistake; (TA;) The xurot [q. v. in art. xrt] of the fA^s: pl. xuraAtN; (Fr, Sgh, K, TA;) like as vubapN has for its pl. vubaAtN. (TA.) Two stars, (K,) mentioned [and described] in art. xrt, (TA,) each of which is [said to be] called xaraApN: (K:) accord. to ISd, only the dual form of the word is known; and the radical t and the augmentative t [by which latter is meant p] are in the dual alike: (TA:) but Kr and others say that it is dual of xaraApN, and belongs to this art. (TA in art. xrt.) : see the first paragraph in this art. xz A certain kind of cloth, (S, A, K,) well known, (K, TA,) woven of wool and silk: (TA:) and also a kind of cloth entirely of silk; and this is the kind which one is forbidden to ride upon and to sit upon; not the former kind, which is allowable, and was sometimes worn by companions of the Prophet and by the next succeeding generation, as IAth has ascertained: (TA:) derived from xuzazN, (K, TA,) accord. to some: (TA:) or it is the name of a certain beast [thought by Golius to be the beaver]: and afterwards applied to the cloth made of its fur: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. xuzuwzN. (S, A, Msb, K.) [Golius seems to derive it from the Persian qazo, meaning raw silk; and assigns to it also the meaning of a coarser kind of spun silk.] xuzuwzN wabuzuwzN signifies Good cloths, or stuffs, or garments. (A in art. bz.) The male of the A^aronab [or hare]: (S, A, Msb, K:) or the offspring of the Arnb: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axiz~apN (K) and [of mult.] xiz~aAnN. (S, Msb, K.) Hence the saying, mas~uhu mas~u Alxuzazi [The feel of him, or it, is like the feel of the male, or young, hare]. (A, TA.) A seller of xaz~. (TA.) A land containing, (K * TA,) or abounding with, (TA,) xiz~An, pl. of xuzazN, (K, TA.) xzr , aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xazarN, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) The eye was, or became, narrow and small: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or it contracted its sight, naturally: (K:) or xazira, aor. , (K,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) signifies he (a man) was as though he looked from the outer angle of the eye: (S, A: *) or he looked as though on one side: or he opened and closed his eyes; (K;) or, his eye: (M:) or he had a distortion (HawalN) of one of his eyes: (K:) [or he had eyes looking towards his nose; or, looking sideways; (see A^axozaru;) or, looking towards their outer angles; (see xuzorapN;) see also 2, and 6, and Q. Q. 1.] -A2- xazarahu, aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xazorN, (K,) He looked at him from the outer angle of the eye; (K, * TA;) as one does in pride, and in light estimation of the object at which he looks. (MF.) A poet says, laA taxozuri Alqawoma $azorFA Eano muEaAraDapK [Look not thou at the people from the outer angle of the eye, askew, sideways]. (TA.) -A3- xazara [as an intrans. v.] He affected, or pretended, to be cunning; i. e. intelligent, or sagacious; or intelligent with a mixture of craft and forecast; syn. tadaAhaY. (IAar, K. [See also 2.]) -A4- Also He fled. (K.) , (TA,) inf. n. taxoziyrN, (K,) He made narrow. (K, TA.) You say, xz~r Eayonayohi He (an old man) narrowed his eyes; contracted his eyelids as though they were sewed together; to collect the light: when a young man does so, yatadaAhaY bi*`lika [i. e. he affects, or pretends, thereby, to be cunning; i. e. intelligent, or sagacious; or intelligent with a mixture of craft and forecast]. (IAar. [See also xazara: and see 6.]) He looked from the outer angle of his eye. (TA. [See also Q. Q. 1.]) ― -b2- He pretended, or made a show of, what is termed xazarN: [see 1.] (TA, and Har p. 62.) ― -b3- He contracted his eyelids, to sharpen the sight: (S, Msb, K:) a verb similar to tEAmY and tjAhl. (S. [See also 2.]) He looked from the outer angles of his eyes: from the subst. xinoziyrN, because the animal so called is A^axozaru. (A. [See also 6.]) ― -b2- Also He acted like the swine. (TA in art. xnzr.) [commonly known only as inf. n. of xazira or xazirati AlEayonu]: see xaziyrN. : see A^axozaru. : see xuzarapN. A turning of the pupil towards the outer angle of the eye. (TA. [See 1.]) (ISk, S, K) and ↓ xazorapN (K) A pain in the back: (K:) a pain in a vertebra of the back: (S:) a pain in the slender part of the back, in [the vertebra called] fiqorapu AlqaTani: (TA:) the pl. of the former is xuzaraAtN. (S, TA.) and ↓ xaziyrapN A kind of food like EaSiydap with flesh-meat; (K;) made of flesh-meat (S, TA) that has remained throughout a night, (TA,) cut into small pieces, and put into a cooking-pot with abundance of water, (S, TA,) and with salt; (TA;) and when it is thoroughly cooked, some flour is sprinkled upon it, (S, TA,) and it is stirred about with it, and seasoned with any seasoning that the maker pleases to add: (TA:) when there is no flesh-meat, it is called EaSiydap: (S, K, TA:) or a broth made with the water in which bran has been soaked, (Mgh, K, TA,) which water is strained, and then cooked: (Mgh, TA:) this is what is called by the Persians sabuwsabaA: (Mgh:) [see also HariyrapN:] or xaziyrap is flour thrown upon water or upon milk, and cooked, and then eaten with dates, or supped: it is also called saxiynapN and saxuwnapN and nafiytapN and Hu*oruq~apN: Hariyarp is thinner: (AHeyth, on the authority of an Arab of the desert:) and a soup made of grease or gravy (K) and flour; (TA;) as also ↓ xazarN: (K:) but no one except the author of the K mentions this last form: in the other lexicons, soup of grease or gravy is said only to be called xaziyrN and xaziyrapN. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. A man possessing much cunning; i. e. intelligence, or sagacity; or intelligence with a mixture of craft and forecast. (AA, K.) [The swine; the hog; the pig;] a certain foul animal, (Msb,) well known; (K;) said to be forbidden [to be eaten] by every prophet: (Msb:) [fem. with p:] pl. xanaAziyru: (S, Msb, K:) not, as some say, xuzorN: [though this is an epithet applicable to swine:] (TA:) accord. to some, it is of the measure fiEoliylN; because n is not [generally] added as a second letter: but accord. to others, of the measure finoEiylN; because n is sometimes added as a second letter, and because it is held to be derived from xazira, since all xnAzyr are xuzor; as it is said in the A, kul~u xinoziyrK A^axozaru. (TA.) ― -b2- xanaAziyru also signifies A well-known disease; (S;) [scrofula; or glandular swellings in the neck;] ulcers, (K,) or hard ulcers, (S,) which arise in the neck: (S, K:) or ganglions, or hard or nodous lumps beneath the skin, in the neck, and in soft parts, such as the armpits; but most frequently in the neck. (Mgh.) : see what next follows, in two places. and ↓ xawozaraY A certain mode of walking, with a looseness of the joints, (S, A, K,) as though the limbs were dislocated; (A;) as also xayozalaY and xawozalaY: (S in art. xzl, and TA:) or a limping, or halting, manner of walking: or an elegant, and a proud and self-conceited, gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side. (TA.) You say, huwa yamo$iY AlxayozaraY and ↓ AlxawozaraY He walks with a looseness of the joints, &c. (A.) , (S, K, &c.,) vulgarly pronounced xayozaraAn, (TA,) [a coll. gen. n., The kind of cane called rattan; so in the present day;] a kind of Indian tree, which consists of roots extending upon the ground; as also ↓ xayozuwrN: (K:) or [a kind of tree] not growing in the country of the Arabs, but only in that of the Greeks; whence the saying of En-Nábighah El-Jaadee, bilaAduhumo bilaAdu AlxayozuraAni [Their lands are the lands of the kheyzurán]: it is a kind of plant with pliable and smooth twigs: (ISd:) or a kind of tree, (S,) the roots of the qanaA [by which are app. meant the canes of which spear-shafts are made]: (S, Msb:) pl. xayaAziru. (S.) ― -b2- Reed, or reeds; cane, or canes. (S, K.) ― -b3- And hence, Musical reeds or pipes. (TA.) ― -b4- Spears: (IAar, K:) because of their pliableness: (TA:) [or because commonly made of canes:] pl. as above. (TA.) ― -b5- Any pliable twig or rod; (Mbr, K;) any piece of wood that is pliable. (AHeyth.) [Often applied in the present day to the osier; as well as to the rattan: n. un. with p.] ― -b6- The rod which kings hold in their hands, and with which they amuse themselves (yataEab~avuwna) and make signs. (Ham p. 710.) ― -b7- The pole with which a ship, or boat, is pushed or propelled, (Mbr, K,) when pliable, or bending; as also ↓ xayozaArapN. (Mbr, TA.) ― -b8- Also, (AO, Msb, K,) and with p, (S, TA,) The suk~aAn (S, Msb, K) of a ship, (K,) i. e. its kawoval [meaning the rudder]: (TA:) or, accord. to 'Amr Ibn-Bahr, the lijaAm [lit. the bridle and bit, app. meaning the tiller] of a ship, by means of which the suk~aAn, which is the *anab, is directed. (TA: [but instead of AltY bhA yqwm Als~uk~Anu whw fY Al*nb, I read Al*Y bh yuqaw~amu Als~uk~aAnu whwAl*~anabu.]) En-Nábighah says, describing the Euphrates in the time of its increase, or fulness, yaZal~u mino xawfihi Almal~aAHu muEotaSimFA biAloxayozuraAnapi baEoda AlA^ayoni waAln~ajadi [By reason of his fear, the sailor becomes in a state of cleaving, or laying fast hold, upon the xyzrAnp, (which may here mean the pole above mentioned, or the rudder, or the tiller,) after fatigue and distress]. (S, TA.) In a trad. it is said that the devil, when he had been commanded by Noah to go forth from the ark, mounted upon the xyzrAn of the ark, i. e. its suk~aAn. (TA.) : see the last paragraph above. : see the last paragraph above. A man having narrow and small eyes: (S, A, Msb, K:) or having eyes of which the sight is contracted, naturally: (K:) or who looks from the outer angle of his eye: (A:) or who is as though he so looked: (S:) or who looks as though on one side: or who opens and closes his eyes; (K;) or, his eye: (M:) or who has a distortion (HawalN) of one of his eyes: (K:) or whose eyes look towards his nose: (TA:) [or whose eyes look towards their outer angles: (see xurorapN:)] and A^axozaru AlEayoni one who looks askew, or sideways; as also AlEayoni ↓ xaziru, an epithet applied to an enemy: (TA:) the fem. of A^axozaru is xazoraA='u: (A, Msb:) and the pl. is xuzorN. (K.) You say also A^aEoyunN xuzorN [meaning Eyes that are narrow and small: &c.]. (TA.) xzEbl Stories that are held to be clever, ingenious, or elegant, (IDrd, K,) and at which one laughs. (IDrd.) i. q. baATilN [app. as a subst., meaning A false, or vain, saying or deed or affair or thing]; as also ↓ xuzaEobiylN: (K:) or, accord. to El-Jarmee, (S, TA,) the latter, (S,) or each, (TA,) false, or vain, sayings or deeds or affairs or things. (S, TA.) or xuzaEobilapN (accord. to different copies of the K) A wonderful thing. (IAar, K.) And [the pls.] xuzaEobilaAtN and xuzaEobalaAtN False, or vain, stories. (Har p. 16.) : see xuzaEobalN. A laughable thing; a thing that makes people laugh. (S, K) One says, haAti baEoDa xuzaEobiylaAtika [Give me some of thy laughable thingsor stories]. (S.) xzf Pottery; jars; or earthern vessels; syn. jar~N; (Lth, S, K; [and so in the present day;]) and anything made of clay, and baked, so that it becomes fax~aAr: (IDrd, K:) or clay made into vessels, before it is baked; i. q. SaloSaAlN: when baked, it is called fax~aAr. (Msb.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce A_ino, p. 107.] [Of, or relating to, pottery, or jars, &c.;] rel. n. of xazafN. (TA.) ― -b2- See also what follows. and ↓ xazafiY~N A seller [or maker] of xazaf [or pottery, jars, &c.]. (TA.) xzq , aor. , (S, Mgh, K,) inf. n. xazoqN and xuzuwqN, (TA,) It (an arrow) hit the target; (S, K;) or the object at which it was shot; (ISd, TA;) as also ↓ xasaqa [q. v.]: (TA:) or transpierced, or passed through, or its extremity passed through, (Mgh, TA,) making the blood to flow: (TA:) [and app. also it stuck fast therein: (see xazoqN, below:)] or xazaqa AlqiroTaAsa it (an arrow) transpierced, or passed through, the target; or pierced it so that its extremity passed through. (Msb.) ― -b2- xazaqahu, aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xazoqN, (S, Msb,) He pierced him [with a spear or the like]. (S Msb, K.) And He pierced him slightly with a spear. (TA.) And It (an arrow) hit him. (JK.) And xazaqotuhumo biAln~aboli I hit them with the arrows. (S.) [Whence,] xazaqahu biEayonihi (tropical:) He looked sharply at him; and cast his eye at him, or smote him with his eye: (Lh, TA:) or he wounded him with his eye. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, TA.) ― -b3- Also He stuck it (i. e. anything sharp) into the ground (Lth, JK, TA) &c. (Lth, TA.) He became pierced [with a spear or the like]. (K.) ― -b2- It (anything sharp, JK) became stuck into the ground [&c.]. (JK, TA.) ― -b3- Also, or ↓ Axtzq, (accord. to different copies of the K, the latter in the CK,) It (a sword) became drawn from its scabbard. (K, TA.) see what next precedes. inf. n. of 1. (S, * Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [I also find in the TA, Alxzq mA yvbt wAlxzq mAynf*, as though meaning that xazoqN signifies A thing that becomes fixed or fast: and also a thing that transpierces, or passes through: but these may be loose explanations, intended to mean that xazoqN is said of that which becomes fixed or fast (as an arrow in the body pierced by it), and also of that which transpierces, or passes through: see xasaqa, of which the inf. n., xasoqN, is said to be used in these two senses.] A she-camel that pierces the ground with her toes, (K, TA,) making marks upon it: (TA:) or that furrows the ground with her toe turned up, as she goes. (K, TA.) [See also xasuwqN.] , applied to an arrow, Hitting, or that hits, the target; (S, Mgh, K;) and (Mgh, TA) transpiercing, or passing through, or that transpierces or passes through, or piercing, or that pierces, so that its extremity passes through, (Mgh, Msb, K,) the target [or the object shot at]; (Msb;) as also xaAsiqN: (TA:) pl. xawaAziqu. (Msb.) And [hence, used as a subst.,] A spear-head: (JK, S, K:) and the iron head or blade of an arrow &c. (TA.) One says, huwa A^amoDaY mino xaAziqK [He is more penetrating than a spear-head]: (S:) and A^anofadu mino xaAziqK, which means the same; (JK, Meyd;) or more penetrating than a transpiercing arrow: (TA:) the latter is a prov.; (Meyd, TA;) applied to him who is penetrating in affairs. (Meyd.) And A_in~ahu laxaAziqu waraqapK [lit. Verily he is a piercer, or transpiercer, of a leaf]; meaning laA yuTomaEu fiyhi [i. e. (assumed tropical:) he is a person whom one may not hope to overcome]: (IAar, K:) or (assumed tropical:) he is bold and skilful. (K.) [ A stake for impaling a man: but this I believe to be post-classical: pl. xawaAziyqu.] A small stick, (JK, K,) with a pointed end, (JK,) or having at its end a sharp nail, (K,) that is with the seller of full-grown unripe dates for date-stones [which are used as food for camels]: (JK, K:) he has many maxaAziq [pl. of mixozaqN]; and a boy comes to him with date-stones, which he takes from him on the condition that he shall strike with the mxzq a certain number of times and have as many of the dates as become thus transfixed for him, whether many or few, but nothing if he miss. (K.) A dart, or javelin. (TA.) Chase, or game; i. e. an object of the chase or the like. (JK, TA.) xzl , (Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb,) or , (K,) inf. n. xazolN, (Msb,) He cut it off. (Msb, K.) [See also 8.] ― -b2- xazalahu Eano HaAjatihi, aor. , (assumed tropical:) He impeded, hindered, prevented, or withheld, him from attaining the object of his want. (K, * TA.) -A2- xazila, aor. , (JK, K,) inf. n. xazalN, (JK,) He had a fracture in his back. (JK, K.) ― -b2- Also, (TK,) inf. n. as above; (K;) and ↓ txz~l and ↓ Anxzl; He walked in a heavy, or sluggish, manner: (K:) or, as in the 'Eyn, with a looseness of the joints. (TA.) see 1. ― -b2- [Hence,] txz~l Als~aHaAbu The clouds appeared as though they were retreating, by reason of the heaviness, or sluggishness, of their motion. (M, K, * TA.) It became cut off. (S, Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Anxzl fiY kalaAmihi (assumed tropical:) He became cut short, or stopped, in his speech. (IDrd, K.) ― -b3- Anxzl Eano jawaAbiY He cared not for my answer, or reply. (M, K.) ― -b4- See also 1. He cut it off for himself. (S, * Msb, K. *) One says, Axtzl AlmaAla He cut off for himself the property. (TA.) And Axtzlhu Eani Alqawomi He cut him off from the people, or party. (S.) ― -b2- And hence, Aixotazalotu AlwadiyEapa (assumed tropical:) I was unfaithful in respect of the trust, or deposit; even if meaning I refused to restore it: because the doing so is a cutting off, for one's self, of the property of the owner. (Msb.) ― -b3- Accord. to Sb and the K, AlAixotizaAlu is also syn. with AlHa*ofu [The cutting off a thing; or cutting it so as to lessen it at its extremity; &c.]: but ISd says, I know not this on the authority of any other than Sb. (TA.) -A2- AlxtzAl also signifies The being alone (K, TA) in opinion; with none to share therein. (TA.) -A3- And Axtzl, He (a man) became lame; or walked lamely. (TA.) : see what next follows. : see what next follows. , (JK, K,) or, as in the M, ↓ xazolapN and ↓ xazolN, (TA,) A fracture in the back. (JK, M, K.) One who impedes, hinders, prevents, or withholds, another from that which he desires to do. (Az, K, * TA.) : see xawozlaY. i. q. A_iEoyaA='N [Fatigue: or a fatiguing]. (TA.) and ↓ xayozalaY A certain mode of walking, with a looseness of the joints; like xawozaraY and xayozaraY: (S:) or a heavy, or sluggish, manner of walking; as also ↓ xayozalN: (K:) the dual of xawozalaY [to which that of xayozalaY is similar] is xawozalaAni. (IAmb, TA in art. qhqr.) Accord. to the T, one says, ↓ huwa yamo$iY AlxayozolaY and AlxawozalaY, meaning He walks with an elegant, and a proud and self-conceited, gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side: or as though thorns pricked his feet. (TA.) : see what next precedes, in two places. Having a fracture in his back; as also ↓ maxozuwlN: (O, K:) or having a fracture in the middle of his back; as also AlZ~ahori ↓ maxozuwlu. (Lth, TA.) ― -b2- And A camel whose hump has entirely gone away: (K:) so says Lth; but Az thinks that this may be a mistranscription for A^ajozalu; or x and j may be interchangeable in this case. (TA.) ― -b3- Also Lame. (AA, TA.) : see what next precedes, in two places. xzm , aor. , (Mgh, K,) inf. n. xazomN, (JK, TA,) He pierced it, or perforated it; (JK, Mgh, K;) namely, a thing of any kind: for instance, the nose of a camel, for the [ring called] xizaAmap [to which the rein is attached]: and the letter of a Kádee to another Kádee; for such a letter is pierced for the siHaA='ap [or strip of paper with which it is bound], and is then sealed [upon this strip]; and when this is done, the letter is said to be ↓ maxozuwmN. (Mgh.) You say, xazama AlbaEiyra, aor. as above, (Mgh, Msb,) and so the inf. n., (Msb,) He pierced the nose of the camel (Mgh, Msb) for the xizaAmap: (Mgh:) or xazama AlbaEiyra (S, K) biAlxizaAmapi, (S,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) he put the xzAmp in the side of the nostril, (K,) or in the partition between the nostrils, (S,) [but the former is the more common practice,] of the camel; (S, K;) as also ↓ xz~mhu; (K;) [or] this signifies the doing so much, or often. (TA.) [Hence,] xazama A^anofahu (assumed tropical:) He brought him under, or into, subjection; rendered him submissive, tractable, or manageable. (TA.) And xazamotu AljaraAda fiY AlEuwdi I spitted the locusts in a series upon the [skewer, or] piece of stick or wood. (S.) And xazama $iraAka naEolihi He pierced and tied the [thong called] $arAk [q. v.] of his sandal [app. so as to attach to it the two branches (EaDudaA Al$~iraAki) of the strap that encompasses the heel]. (TA, [See also xizaAmapN.]) ― -b2- [Also He cut it. for] Alxazomu is syn. with AlqaToEu. (Ham p. 166. [It is there also said to be syn. with Al$d; i. e. Al$~ad~u; but this is app. a mistake for Al$~ak~u, a meaning assigned to it in the JK, agreeably with the K.]) see 1. , (S,) or xAzimhu AlT~ariyqa, (K,) inf. n. muxaAzamapN (S in art. xSr) [and xizaAmN], He (a man, S) took a different way from his (another's) until they both met in one place: (S, K:) the doing so is also termed muxaASarapN: (S in art. xSr, and TA:) it is as though it were a rivalling, or imitating, in travelling. (TA.) Ibn-Fesweh says, A_i*aA huwa naH~aAhaA Eani AlqaSodi xaAzamato bihi Aljawora Hat~aY tasotaqiymu DuHaY Algadi i. e. When he turns her, meaning his she-camel, from the right way, she pursues with him a way different from the wrong, so that she overcomes him, and takes the right way, in the early daytime of the morrow. (TA.) muxaAzamapN also signifies The act of rivalling, or imitating. (JK, TA.) And one says, laqiytuhu xizaAmFA (JK, TA) and maxaAzamapF, (JK,) meaning I met him face to face: (TA:) or suddenly, or unexpectedly, and face to face. (JK.) The thorns pierced his foot, or leg, and entered into it. (K, * TA.) The two armies rivalled, or imitated, each other; or opposed each other; syn. taEaAraDaA. (TA.) A certain kind of tree, (JK, T, S, Msb, K,) of the bark of which ropes are made: (S, Msb:) it is like the dawom [or Theban palm]; (K;) having branches with small dates, which become black when ripe, bitter, astringent, or disagreeable and choking; not eaten by men; but the crows are greedy of them, and come to them time after time: so says AHn.: (TA:) n. un. with p. (S, Msb.) -A2- See also xazuwmapN. : see xuzaAmaY. [a pl. of which the sing is not mentioned] Sewers of skins or hides or boots and the like; syn. xar~aAzuwna. (TA.) n. un. of xazamN, explained above. (S, Msb.) ― -b2- Also The leaves (xuwS) of the muqol [or Theban palm]; (JK, K;) of which are made women's A^aHofaA$ [i. e. receptacles for their perfumes and other similar things, pl. of Hifo$N]. (TA.) : see maxozuwmN. : see xiraAmapN, in two places. : see xazuwmapN. A ring of [goat's] hair, which is put [in the side of the nostril (see 1) or] in the partition between the nostrils of the camel, (S, Msb, * TA,) and to which is tied the rein; (S, TA;) as also ↓ xizaAmN: (TA, and Har p. 73:) or a burap in the nose of a she-camel: (JK:) or, accord. to the K, a burap which is put in the side of the nostril of the camel: but Lth says that when it is of brass it is termed burap; and when of [goat's] hair, xizaAmap: (TA:) pl. xazaAy^imu (JK, Msb, TA) and xizaAmaAtN. (Msb.) [Hence,] A^aEoTaY AlquroA=na xazaAy^imahu: from a trad. of Abu-d-Dardà, in which it is said, murohumo A^ano yuEoTuwA AlquroA=na bixazaAtimihimo (tropical:) Command ye them that they submit themselves to the judgment, or decision, of the Kur-án; xzAy^m being here pl. of xizaAmapN: (IAth, TA:) or A^aEoTuwA AlquroA=na xazaAy^imahu (assumed tropical:) Render ye to the Kur-án its due. (JK.) [In the present day, ↓ xizaAmN, vulgarly pronounced xuzaAm, is applied to A woman's nose-ring, of gold or other metal.] ― -b2- The xizaAmap of the sandal is A slender thong which is pierced and tied between [the two thongs called] the $iraAkaAni [app. here meaning the EaDudaAni of the $iraAk: see 1]. (K, * TA.) A certain plant, (JK, K, TA,) called also ↓ xuzamN, (JK,) of sweet odour: (TA:) or i. q. xiyriY~u Albar~i [q. v.]; (S, Msb, K;) accord. to El-Fárábee: one of the plants of the desert: said by Az to be a certain herb of sweet odour, having a flower like that of the violet: (Msb:) [accord. to the book entitled maA laA yasaEu AlT~abiyba jaholahu, as stated by Golius, a certain wild herb, having a long stalk, small leaves, red flower, and very sweet odour:] its flower is the sweetest of flowers in odour; the fumigation therewith dispels every fetid odour; the use thereof as a suppository in the vagina promotes pregnancy; and the taking it internally restores to a right state the liver and the spleen, and the brain affected with cold: (K:) [in the present day, applied to the common lavender; lavandula spica:] n. un. xuzaAmaApN. (TA.) i. q. baqarapN [app. as meaning both A bull and a cow], (JK, S, K,) in the dial. of Hudheyl; (S;) or such as is advanced in age, and short: (M, K:) pl. ↓ xazuwmN, [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the pl. is] xazaAy^imu (JK, K) and xazuwmaAtN (S) and [quasi-pl. n.] ↓ xazamN. (TA.) A maker of ropes of the bark of the tree called xazam. (JK, S. *) [Accord. to the K, A seller of the kind of tree called xazam: but this is a mistake, app. caused by an omission in the K.] (assumed tropical:) A cold wind; as though it pierced through the extremities: so says Kr: A'Obeyd says xaArimN: accord. to the K, both signify the same. (TA.) ; and its fem., with p: see what follows, in four places. Anything pierced or perforated: (S, Mgh:) applied in this sense, (JK,) or as meaning pierced and tied, (TA, [see 1,]) to the [thong, of a sandal, called] $iraAk; (JK, TA;) or, thus applied, it means cut. (Ham p. 166.) See also 1, first sentence, for its meaning as applied to a letter. ― -b2- Any animal having the nose pierced. (Msb.) And ↓ A_ibilN xazomaY means Camels having rings such as are termed xazaAy^im (pl. of xizaAmap) in their nostrils; (IAar, K, TA;) as also ↓ muxaz~amapN. (IAar, TA.) All birds, also, are said to be maxozuwmap, (S, K,) and ↓ muxaz~amap; (K;) because perforated in the partition between the nostrils: (S, K:) and particularly the ostrich is said to be maxozuwm (S, K *) and ↓ muxaz~am. (JK, K. *) One says, ↓ maAhumo A_il~aA kaA@loA^anoEaAmi Almuxaz~amapi, meaning (tropical:) They are none others than stupid, or foolish, persons. (TA. [But kaA@loA^anoEaAmi is app., here, a mistranscription for kaA@ln~aEaAmi; for the ostrich is proverbial for stupidity: one says A^aHomaqu mino naEaAmapK “ More stupid than an ostrich: ” because, as Meyd says, when an ostrich happens to see the eggs of another ostrich, it will sit upon them, and forget its own eggs.]) xzn , (JK, S, Msb, K,) aor. , (JK, Msb,) inf. n. xazanN, (Msb,) He reposited it, stowed it, or put it, (S, Msb,) laid it up, kept it, preserved it, or guarded it, (JK, K,) in a xizaAnap, (JK, S,) or in a maxozin [or maxozan]; (Msb;) namely, a thing, (JK, Msb,) or property; (S, K;) as also ↓ Axtznhu, (S, K,) and ↓ Astxznhu: or ↓ the second of these signifies he did so for himself. (TA.) ― -b2- And [hence] the first (S, Msb) and ↓ the second, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He concealed it; namely, a secret. (S, Msb.) ― -b3- And xazana Eanohu EaTaA='ahu (assumed tropical:) He withheld from him his gift. (TA.) -A2- xazina, (JK, S, Msb, K,) formed by transposition from xaniza, (S, Msb,) aor. , inf. n. xazanN; (Msb;) and xazuna; and xazana, [aor. ,] inf. n. xazonN and xuzuwnN; (K;) said of flesh-meat, (JK, S, Msb, K,) It became altered [for the worse] (JK, Msb, K) in odour, (Msb,) or stinking: (S, TA:) or, accord. to Z, xazuna, said of flesh-meat, means it became stinking in consequence of its being laid up, or stored: and Er-Rághib says that xazonN, in relation to flesh-meat, means the laying up, or storing: and hence is metonymically used as meaning its becoming stinking. (TA.) Tarafeh says, vum~a laA yaxozanu fiynaA laHomuhaA A_in~amaA yaxozanu laHomu Almud~axiro [Then the flesh thereof will not become stinking among us: only the flesh-meat of him who lays it up becomes stinking]. (S, TA.) He became rich, or in a state of competence or sufficiency, after poverty. (K.) see 1, in three places. -A2- Axtzn TariyqFA He took the nearest road, or way. (K, TA.) see 1. : see xaziynapN: ― -b2- and see also xizaAnapN. A thing reposited, stowed, or put, [laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded,] in a maxozin [or maxozan or xizaAnap]. (Msb.) ― -b2- Flesh-meat altered [for the worse in odour]; (K;) stinking. (TA.) A small chamber within a large chamber; (TA in art. xdE;) [a closet; also called in the present day ↓ xazonapN: and a cupboard:] a place in which things are reposited, stowed, laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded; a repository; [a magazine; a store-room;] (JK, Msb, K, TA;) and so ↓ maxozanN, (S, K,) with fet-h to the z, (S,) like maqoEadN, (K,) or ↓ maxozinN, like majolisN, [which is irreg., as the aor. of xazana is yaxozunu:] (Msb:) the former should not be pronounced with fet-h [i. e. xazaAnap], (K,) as the vulgar are given to pronounce it: (TA:) the pl. of the former is xazaAy^inu; (S, Msb;) and that of mxzn is maxaAzinu. (Msb, TA.) [Hence, xizaAnapu kutubK A library; and a bookcase. And xizaAnapu silaAHK An armoury.] ― -b2- And (tropical:) The heart; (K, TA;) because the secret is concealed in it. (TA.) See an ex. voce xaAzinN. -A2- Also The occupation, (JK, TA,) and act, (K, TA,) of the xaAzin. (JK, K, TA.) and ↓ xazonapN Wealth, or property, reposited, stowed, laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded. (TA.) [In the present day, both signify also A treasury. The pl. of the former is xazaAy^inu.] ― -b2- [Hence,] xazaAy^inu A@ll~`hi [in the Kur. vi. 50 and xi. 33, accord. to some,] means (assumed tropical:) The hidden things that are known of God: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) the events decreed by God: (Bd in vi. 50:) or (assumed tropical:) the treasures of the means of subsistence that are supplied by God. (Bd and Jel * ibid.) One who stores up wheat, or food: of the dial. of Egypt. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xaAzinN. -A2- Also, as a subst, like jab~aAnN, (AHn,) Ripe dates becoming black in the interior by reason of some bane: (AHn, K:) n. un. with p. (AHn.) [One who reposits, stows, lays up, keeps, preserves, or guards, property, &c.; a treasurer]: (K, TA:) pl. xaAzinuwna and xazanapN. (TA.) [The latter of these pls. is applied in the Kur. xxxix. 73 to The keepers, or guardians, of Paradise: and in xxxix. 71 and xl. 52 and lxvii. 8 to those of Hell.] maA A^anotumo lahu bixaAziniyna, in the Kur [xv. 22, accord. to some], means (assumed tropical:) Ye are not bearing it in mind with thankfulness. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) The tongue; as also ↓ xaz~aAnN. (K, TA.) Hence the saying of Lukmán to his son, A_i*aA kaAna xaAzinuka HafiyZFA A^amiynapF ra$odota fiY A^amorayoka dunoyaAka waA=xiratika ↓ waxizaAnatuka, i. e. (tropical:) [When] thy tongue [is such as keeps the secret confided to thee], and thy heart [is trustworthy, thou wilt follow the right way in respect of thy two states, thy state in the present world and thy state in the world to come]. (TA.) and maxozinN: see xizaAnapN. ― -b2- maxaAzinu AlT~ariyqi The nearest roads, or ways. (K, * TA. [In the CK, maHASiruhu is erroneously put for maxaASiruhu.]) xzw , (S, K,) aor. yaxozuwhu, (S,) inf. n. xazowN, (S, K,) He ruled, or governed, him; and subdued him. (S, K.) And xazaA Ald~aAb~apa He broke, or trained, the beast. (K.) ― -b2- Also He withheld, or restrained, him from [indulging] his natural desire. (K.) And xazaA Aln~afosa, inf. n. as above, He withheld, or restrained, the soul from its purpose, or intention. (JK.) One says, Auxozu fiY TaAEapi A@ll~`hi nafosaka Withhold thou, or restrain thou, thy soul from its purpose, or intention, and make it to endure patiently the right course of events, in obedience to God. (TA.) ― -b3- And He slit his tongue [to prevent his sucking]; namely, a young camel's. (K.) ― -b4- He possessed him, or it. (K.) ― -b5- He treated him, or regarded him, with enmity, or hostility. (K.) ― -b6- And xazowN (JK, TA) and xizaAyapN (JK) signify The act of piercing, or thrusting, (JK, TA,) with spears. (JK.) xzY , aor. yaxozaY, inf. n. xizoYN (S, Mgh, * Msb, K, &c.) and xazFY (Sb, K) and xizoyapN and maxozaApN, (MA, [or these two are simple substs.,]) He was, or became, base, abased, abject, vile, despicable, or ignominious: (S, Mgh, Msb:) or, accord. to ISk, he fell into trial, or affliction: (S:) or he fell into trial, or affliction, (K, TA,) and evil, (TA,) and a thing that exposed him to disgrace, and thereby became base, abased, abject, vile, despicable, or ignominious; as also ↓ AixozawaY, (K, TA,) like AiroEawaY: (TA:) or xizoYN signifies disgrace, or ignominy: so in the Kur v. 37 [&c.]: (Sh, TA:) or its primary signification is a state of abasement, vileness, or ignominy, of which one is ashamed: so accord. to Er-Rághib and Bd and the Ksh: (MF, TA:) or the manifesting foul actions or qualities, for the manifesting of which one deserves punishment: (El- Harállee, TA:) or xaziYa signifies he became disgraced, and was confounded, or perplexed, by reason of disgrace. (TA.) ― -b2- And xaziYa, (S, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, Mgh,) inf. n. xazaAyapN (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xazFY, (K,) He was, or became, moved, or affected, with shame; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) [as also ↓ AstxzY: see the part. n. of this latter below:] or xazaAyapN signifies the being moved, or affected, with much, or intense, shame. (JK.) -A2- xaAzaAniY faxazayotuhu: see the next paragraph. -A3- xizaAyapN: see art. xzw. , inf. n. muxaAzaApN, He vied, or contended, with me in mutual abasing; or rendering base, abject, vile, despicable, or ignominious. (TK.) You say, ↓ xaAzaAniY faxazayotuhu, (Ks, JK, S, K,) aor. of the latter A^axoziyhi, (Ks, JK, S,) [inf. n. app. xazoYN,] I vied, or contended, with him (JK, TK) in mutual abasing, &c., (TK,) and I surpassed, or overcame, him [therein]: (JK:) [or it may signify, in abasement, &c.; for] the meaning [of the latter verb with its pronoun] is kunotu A^a$ad~a xazoyFA minohu. (K: in the CK, xizoyFA: but in a MS copy of the K, xizoyFA.) He (God) abased him; or rendered him base, abject, vile, despicable, or ignominious: or may He abase him; &c.: (S, Msb:) or He disgraced him, or put him to shame: or may He disgrace him, &c. (K.) Hence, in the Kur [xi. 80], the saying of Lot to his people, walaA tuxozuwni fiY DayofiY (TA) And disgrace ye not me in respect of my guests: (Bd, Jel, TA:) or make not me ashamed &c. (Bd.) One says also, of him who has done or said that which is approved, maAlahu A^xozaAhu A@ll~`hu [What aileth him? May God abase him, or disgrace him!]; and so without mA lh: (K:) it is like maA lahu qaAtalahu A@ll~`hu, said of a man whose action pleases: (S in art. nfr:) it is used in lieu of praise, to charm a person against the evil eye; and means a prayer for him, not an imprecation against him. (TA.) See also muxozK, below. ― -b2- Also He made him to be ashamed for himself (Ham pp. 114 and 397, and TA) in respect of him, for his shortcoming. (TA.) [See the citation from the Kur above.] ― -b3- He compelled him, or constrained him, to admit an evidence, or a proof, whereby he abased him, or disgraced him. (TA.) ― -b4- And He aided him in, and made him to keep to, a maxozaAp [i. e. a thing that was a cause of shame, or of abasement or disgrace]. (TA.) : see 1. see 1. [part. n. of xaziYa] Base, abased, abject, rile, despicable, or ignominious. (MA.) [See also xazoyaAnu and muxozFY.] A habit, a quality, a practice, or an action, (JK,) or a crime, a sin, or an offence, or act of disobedience, (TA,) of which one is, or should be, ashamed: (JK, TA: [and ↓ maxozaApN, which is coupled therewith in the JK, app. as syn. with it, properly signifies a thing, or an action, &c., that is a cause of shame, or of abasement or disgrace; being a noun of the class of maboxalapN and majobanapN; originally maxozayapN: see 4, last sentence:]) and ↓ muxoziyapN, of the form of an act. part. n., from A^axozaY, signifies [the same; or] a bad, an evil, or a foul, habit, quality, practice, or action: the pl. of this last is muxoziyaAtN, and of the same [and of maxozaApN also] maxaAzK. (Msb.) Or the first signifies A habit, a practice, or an action, in which one becomes base, despicable, or ignominious. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also A trial, or an affliction, (K, TA,) into which one is made to fall; (TA;) and so ↓ xizoyapN. (K.) : see what next precedes. Moved, or affected, with shame; (S, Msb, K, and Ham p. 36;) as also ↓ musotaxozK: (Har p. 482:) or, with much shame, (Lth, JK, TA,) on account of a bad, or foul, deed that he has done: (Lth, TA:) or it may signify [like xazK] base, abased, abject, vile, despicable, or ignominious: (Ham ubi suprà:) fem. xazoyaA (Lth, JK, S, K) and xazoyaAnapN, which is irreg.: (TA:) pl. xazaAyaA. (Lth, JK, S, K.) Rendered base, abject, vile, despicable, or ignominious, by a thing proved against him. (TA.) [See also xazK and xazoyaAnu.] Speech, or language, that is approved, so that one says of its author, A^axozaAhu A@ll~`hu. (TA.) They relate that El-Farezdak gave utterance to an excellent verse, and said, h`*aA bayotN muxoziY~a, i. e. [This is a verse such as that,] when it is recited, people will say, [or rather, such as will make it to be said of me,] A@ll~`hu qaAy^ilahu maA ↓ A^axozaY A^a$oEarahu [May God abase, or disgrace, the sayer thereof! How good, or excellent, a poet is he!]. (TA. [See 4.]) [Hence,] qaSiydapN muxoziyapN [An ode] that is extremely good. (TA.) , said in the MA to be an inf. n. of xaziYa: see xazoyapN. : see xazoyapN. : see xazoyaAnu. xs , (Msb, TA,) sec. pers. xasisota, (Fr, S, A, Msb, K,) aor. yaxas~u; (A, Msb, TA;) and xas~a, sec. pers. xasasota, aor. yaxis~u; (Msb, TA;) inf. n. xis~apN (Fr, S, A, K) and xasaAsapN (Fr, S, A, Msb, K) and xusuwsN, (TA,) He (a man) was, or became, low or ignoble, base, vile, mean or sordid, weak; (Fr, S, A, K;) [or, more commonly,] contemptible: (Fr, * S, * A, K:) and it (a thing) was, or became, base, vile, or mean; (TA;) or contemptible, paltry, or inconsiderable; (Msb, * TA;) and bad, corrupt, abominable, or disapproved. (TA.) ― -b2- xas~a fiEoluhu, and qawoluhu, and raA^oyuhu, and HaZ~uhu, (tropical:) [His action, and his saying, and his opinion, and his fortune, was, or became, low or ignoble, &c.] (A.) ― -b3- xas~a, aor. yaxis~u, It was, or became, light of weight, not equal to what corresponded with it. (Msb.) ― -b4- xas~a, aor. yaxus~u; (Msb;) and ↓ Axs~, (ISk, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. A_ixosaAsN; (ISk, S;) (tropical:) He did what was low or ignoble, base, vile, mean or sordid, weak; [or, more commonly,] contemptible: (ISk, * S, * Msb, * K:) or ↓ the latter signifies he did something low or ignoble, &c., in actions. (TA.) -A2- xas~a naSiybahu, (S, A, Mgh, * K,) aor. yaxus~u; (S, TA;) and ↓ Axs~hu; (Mgh;) He made his lot, portion, or share, to be low or ignoble, base, vile, mean; [or, more commonly,] contemptible: (S, * A, Mgh, * K:) and xas~a AlHaZ~a, and ↓ Axs~hu, He made the lot, portion, or share, little, and incomplete. (TA.) ― -b2- Also xas~a HaZ~ahu, [and ↓ Axs~hu,] (tropical:) [He made his fortune to be low or ignoble, &c.; or contemptible; differing from the signification immediately preceding, being said to be tropical.] (A.) The Arabs say of a man without any good fortune in the present life, A@ll~`hu HaZ~ahu ↓ A^axas~a (assumed tropical:) [God made his fortune mean, or contemptible]; as also A^axat~ahu. (AM, TA.) : see xas~a, in two places. -A2- Axs~hu: see xas~a naSiybahu and what follows it, in four places. ― -b2- Also He found him to be low or ignoble, base, vile, mean or sordid, weak; [or, more commonly,] contemptible. (S, * K.) They did it by turns: or they hastened together, or vied in hastening, to do it. (Sgh, K.) He reckoned, accounted, or esteemed, him low or ignoble, base, vile, mean or sordid, weak; [or, more commonly,] contemptible. (S, * K.) ― -b2- Astxs~ HaZ~ahu (tropical:) [He accounted his fortune low or ignoble, &c.]. (A.) [Lettuce; lactuca;] a certain plant, (S, Msb, K,) of the kind called baqol, (S, K,) well known, (Msb, K,) of the description termed A^aHoraAr, [i. e., that are eaten without being cooked, or that are slender and succulent, or slender and soft,] with broad leaves: it increases the blood: the wild kind has the property of the black poppy: the best is the garden-kind, [lactuca sativa,] which is succulent, yellow, and broad [in the leaf]: it is cold and moist in temperament: the most nutritious is that which is cooked; and it is useful for counteracting contrariety of the fluids; but the eating it constantly weakens the sight, and is injurious to the venereal faculty: (TA:) n. un. with p. (Msb.) : see xasiysN. These things, or affairs, are done by them by turns. (JF, K.) , applied to a man, and to a lot or portion or share, (S, A, K,) or a thing, (Msb, TA,) Low or ignoble, base, vile, mean or sordid, weak; (S, A, K;) [or, more commonly,] contemptible; (A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ musotaxis~N and ↓ musotaxas~N; (K;) and, applied to a thing, also, paltry, or inconsiderable; and so ↓ xusaAsN and ↓ maxosuwsN; bad, corrupt, abominable, or disapproved: (TA:) fem. with p: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. masc. A^axis~aA='u and xisaAsN (Msb, TA) and A^axis~apN; (A;) pl. fem. xasaAy^isu. (Mgh, Msb.) ― -b2- HaZ~N xasiysN, and ↓ maxosuwsN, (tropical:) A low, or mean, fortune, that is not held in any estimation. (A.) ― -b3- huwa laA yadoxulu fiY xisaAsi AlA^umuwri (tropical:) [He will not enter into low, mean, or contemptible, affairs]. (A.) ― -b4- xasiysN is also applied to A disbeliever, an unbeliever, or infidel. (TA.) fem. of xasiysN. (Mgh, Msb.) ― -b2- You say also, rafaEa A@ll~`hu xasiysapa fulaAnK God raised the condition of such a one after it had been low: (Az, TA:) or rafaEotu mino xasiysatihi I did to him a deed whereby he became raised to a high condition. (S, K.) -A2- The teeth of a she-camel within the period of the shedding of the central incisors: you say, jaAwazati Aln~aAqapu xasiysatahaA [The she-camel passed beyond the period of her xasiysap]: this is in the sixth year, when she sheds her central incisor: she is then such as is allowable for sacrifice. (S, K.) The state of him, or it, that is xasiys [i. e. low or ignoble, &c.]. (TA.) -A2- A foul, or an ugly, woman. (TA.) [See also musotaxis~N.] [More, and most, xasiys, i. e., low or ignoble, &c.]. You say, maA raA^ayotu A^axas~a minohu [I have not seen any more low or ignoble, or, more commonly, contemptible, than he, or it]. (A.) A man made, or rendered, low or ignoble, &c., and weak. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xasiysN, in two places. and musotaxas~N: see xasiysN. ― -b2- Also, both words, A foul, or an ugly, face: fem. with p. (K, TA.) [See also xas~aA='u.] xsA^ , (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xaso'N (S, K) and xusuwo'N, (K,) He drove away a dog: (S, K:) he chid him. (Lth.) -A2- It is also intrans., (S,) and signifies He (a dog) went away, to a distance; (S, * K;) [being driven away, or chidden;] as also xasiy^a, (K,) and ↓ AnxsA^. (S, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] tropically, said to a man, AixosaA^o A_ilayoka, meaning AixosaA^o Ean~iY (tropical:) [Go thou away: or go thou away from me]. (TA.) Aixosaw^uwA fiyhaA wa laA tukal~imuwni, in the Kur [xxiii. 110], is expressive of removal to a distance with anger; [meaning (assumed tropical:) Go ye away into it, (i. e. the fire of Hell,) and speak not unto Me.] (Zj.) ― -b3- [And hence, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, vile and despised and hated: so says Golius, as on the authority of the KL; but this meaning is not in my copy of that work: it agrees, however, with a signification of the part. n. xaAsiy^N, q. v.] -A3- Also, inf. n. xaso'N and xusuwo'N [as above], said of the sight, (AZ, S, K,) (tropical:) It was, or became, dazzled, or confused, (AZ, S, TA,) and dim. (K, TA.) , (K,) inf. n. muxaAsaA^apN, (S,) (tropical:) They threw stones, one at another; (S, K;) as also ↓ txAsw^wA, (K,) or txAsw^wA biAlHijaArapi. (S.) And kaAnato bayonahumo muxaAsaA^apN (tropical:) [There was between them a contending in throwing, or throwing of stones]. (S, TA.) [See also art. xsY.] ― -b2- And huwa yuxaAsiy^u means yuqaAmiru [He contends in a game of hazard]. (IB, TA in art. xsw.) see 3. see 1. Bad wool. (O, K.) , applied to a dog, and to a swine, (K,) and to a devil, (TA,) Driven away, repelled, and not suffered to come near to men. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) Contemptible, despicable, vile, or abject. (TA.) ― -b3- Applied to the sight, (tropical:) Dazzled, or confused, (S, TA,) and dim. (TA.) So in the words of the Kur [lxvii. 4], yanoqalibu A_ilayoka AlbaSaru xaAsiy^FA (tropical:) [The sight will recoil to thee dazzled, or confused, or dim]: (S, TA:) or the meaning here is (assumed tropical:) contemptible: or withdrawing far away: or it is of the measure faAEilN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN, [meaning repelled far away,] like Eiy$apK raADiyapK, in the Kur [lxix. 21 and ci. 5], for maroDiy~apK. (TA.) xsr , (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ; (K;) and xasara, aor. ; (K;) but the latter is an unusual form [except in the sense of A^axosara]; (B, TA;) inf. n. xusoraAnN (S, A, Msb, K) and xusorN (S, Msb, K) and xasaArapN (Msb, K) [which are the only forms assigned in the TA to the verb when used with reference to traffic] and xusurN and xasorN and xasarN and xasaArN; (K;) He lost, or suffered loss or diminution: or he was deceived, cheated, beguiled, or circumvented: (K:) fiY AlbayoEi in selling; (S;) or fiY bayaEihi in his selling; (A;) or fiY tijaAratihi in his traffic: (Msb, K: [see also 4:]) the former is the original signification: (TA:) he suffered diminution of his capital; he lost part thereof: (B, TA:) and he lost his capital altogether. (Bd in iv. 118; &c.) xusoraAnN is also attributed to an action, as well as to a man: (B, TA:) you say, (but in this case the verb is used tropically, A,) xasirato tijaAratuhu (tropical:) [His traffic was losing; or an occasion of loss]; (A, B;) opposed to rabiHato. (A.) It is also used in relation to personal acquisitions; such as health, and safety, and intellect, and faith, and the recompense or reward of obedience [to God], which God has declared [Kur xxii. 11 and xxxix. 17] to be manifest xusoraAn, (B,) since there is none like it. (Bd.) For instance, you say, xasira Eaqolahu, and maAlahu, He lost his intellect, and his property. (IAar.) [In a phrase of this kind, the noun which immediately follows the verb may be considered as put in the accus. case on account of the rejection of a prep., namely fiY: for] it is said that xasira is never used otherwise than intransitively: though this has been contradicted, on the ground of the following phrase in the Kur [xxii. 11], xasira A@ld~unoyaA wa A@loA=xirapa [He hath lost, or he loseth, the things of the present life and of the latter life]; and the like; as A@l~a*iyna xasiruwA A^anofusahumo wa A^aholiyhimo [Who shall have lost themselves, or their own souls, and their families, or their wives; Kur xxxix. 17 and xlii. 44]; (MF, TA;) i. e., themselves, or their own souls, by their having erred, and their families by their having caused them to err, or by being separated from them for ever; (Bd;) or by being themselves made to remain for ever in Hell, and by their not gaining access to the Huwr prepared in Paradise [as wives] for the believers: (Jel:) or the meaning is, accord. to Fr, who shall be deceived of their own souls, &c.: or, accord. to others, who shall have destroyed their own souls, &c. (TA.) ― -b2- Also [He experienced, or saw, that he was loser; or] his having lost became manifest to him: so in the Kur xl. [78 and] last verse. (TA.) ― -b3- Also (with all the forms of the inf. n. above mentioned, K,) He erred; went astray; deviated from, or lost, or missed, the right way: or he became lost; he perished; or he died: syn. Dal~a, (K,) and halaka. (Msb.) -A2- xasarahu, (A 'Obeyd, IAar, Zj, S, A, &c.,) aor. (Zj, Msb) and , (Bd in lv. 8,) inf. n. xasorN (Msb, K) and xusoraAnN; (K;) and ↓ Axsrhu, (A 'Obeyd, Zj, S, A, Msb,) inf. n. A_ixosaArN; (Msb, K;) and ↓ xs~rhu; (A;) He made it defective, or deficient; (A 'Obeyd, IAar, Zj, S, A, Msb, K;) namely, the weight, and the measure; (Zj, TA;) and the thing weighed; (TA;) and the balance, (A 'Obeyd, IAar, Zj, A, Msb,) by diminishing the weight. (Msb.) ↓ The second of these forms is more common, in this sense, than the first (Zj, TA) [and than the third]. For A@lomiyzaAna ↓ wa laA tuxosiruwA, in the Kur lv. 8, there are three other readings; namely taxosuruwA and taxosurwA and taxosaruwA; in the last of which, the prep. fiY is omitted after the verb. (Bd.) ― -b2- [And He, or it, made him to lose, or suffer loss; to err, or go astray; to become lost, or to perish.] , (A, K,) inf. n. taxosiyrN, (S, K,) i. q. xasarahu, q. v.: (A:) [and particularly] He, or it, destroyed him; caused him to perish. (S, K.) You say, xs~rhu suwo'u Eamalihi (tropical:) The evilness of his conduct caused him to perish. (A.) ― -b2- He put him away, or far away; removed, alienated, or estranged, him; (IAar, Msb;) from good, or prosperity. (IAar.) ― -b3- He attributed, or imputed, to him xusoraAn [i. e. loss; or error, or deviation from the right way]: like ka*~abahu meaning “ he attributed, or imputed, to him lying, ” &c. (Msb.) i. q. xasarahu, which see in three places: (A 'Obeyd, Zj, S, A, Msb:) [and particularly] He made him to lose, or suffer loss, in his traffic; contr. of A^arobaHahu. (A.) -A2- And Axsr He fell into loss; (A;) he met with loss in his traffic. (TA. [See also 1.]) an inf. n. of xasira. (S, Msb, K.) In the Kur ciii. 2, accord. to some, it means Punishment for sin. (TA.) : see xaAsirN. an inf. n. of xasira. (S, A, Msb, K.) [For particular usages thereof, see 1. As a simple subst., it generally signifies Loss, or the state of suffering loss or diminution: the state of being deceived or cheated: error, or deviation from the right way: (see also xasaArN:) or the state of becoming lost, of perishing, or of dying.] ― -b2- It is also an inf. n. of xasarahu. (K.) : see what next follows. , (A, K,) or xusoruwaAniY~N, (TA, [but the former is the better known,]) A certain kind of garment or cloth; (A, K;) so called in relation to Khusrow Sháh, one of the [kings of Persia called] A^akaAsirap [pl. of kisoraY or kasoraY]; as also ↓ xusorawiY~N. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And A certain wine or beverage. (K.) and ↓ xasaArapN, [both inf. ns. of xasira, q. v.,] (S,) and ↓ xayosaraY, (S, M, K, in some copies of the K written xanosaraY, with n, TA,) Error; or deviation from the right way: [like xusoraAnN:] (S:) and perdition; or death; (S, K;) as also ↓ xanaAsiyru, (S, and K in art. xnsr,) which last [is of a pl. form, but] has no sing. (S.) ― -b2- And all the foregoing words, including ↓ xnAsyr, Baseness, ignobleness, ungenerousness, or meanness; (K;) the last, in poetry, shortened to ↓ xanaAsiru: (TA:) and ↓ xayosaraY, (K,) and, as some say, ↓ xanaAsiyru, (TA,) perfidy, unfaithfulness, or treachery. (K, TA.) : see xaAsirN. : see xasaArN. Losing, or suffering loss, in his traffic. (Lth.) And [hence,] tijaArapN xaAsirapN (tropical:) [Losing traffic; traffic which is an occasion of loss]; opposed to raAbiHapN. (A.) And SafoqapN xaAsirapN (assumed tropical:) A bargain that does not bring gain [but on the contrary occasions loss]. (TA.) And kar~apN xaAsirapN (assumed tropical:) An unprofitable charge or assault. (K.) ― -b2- One who has lost his property, and his intellect. (IAar.) ― -b3- Erring; going astray; deviating from, or losing, or missing, the right way: or becoming lost; perishing; or dying: syn. DaAl~N: (K:) and so ↓ xasirN (TA) and ↓ xasiyrN and ↓ xayosaraY, (K, TA, but the last written in the CK xayosariY~N,) or ↓ xayosarN, for it is said to occur [as an epithet] only in the following saying, in which xayosaraY is said to be put for xayosarN to assimilate it to preceding words: bifiyhi AlbaraY wa Hum~aY xayobaraY wa $ar~N maA yaraY faA_in~ahu xayosaraY [In his mouth be dust, and may the fever of Kheyber befall him, and evil be that which he shall see, for he is one who goeth astray: but in the TA, in art. wrY, is another reading; for bfyh AlbrY, substituting bihi AlwaraY, meaning a certain disease]. (TA.) [Hence,] A^aHomaqu xaAsirN daAbirN daAmirN [Foolish, or stupid, erring, and utterly perishing]. (T in art. bt. [See baAt~N: and see also daAmirN.]) ― -b4- Also One who makes the measure, and the balance, defective, or deficient, when he gives, and demands excess when he receives. (AA.) : see the next paragraph. and ↓ xanosariY~N A man in a place [or condition] of xusoraAn [or loss, &c.]: (K in the present art. and in art. xnsr:) pl. xanaAsirapN. (K in art. xnsr.) ― -b2- And [the pl.] AlxanaAsirapu, in several copies of the K, in other copies of the K ↓ AlxaAsirapu, but correctly ↓ AlxanaAsiru, (TA,) The weak of mankind; (K, TA;) and the small, or little, of them; (TA;) as also ↓ AlxanaAsiyru, in the former sense, (K and TA in art. xnsr,) and in the latter sense also: (TA in that art.:) and A^aholu AlxiyaAnapi; (K and TA in this art.; and K in art. xnsr, accord. to several copies;) i. e. The people of perfidy, unfaithfulness, or treachery; and of baseness, ignobleness, ungenerousness, or meanness: (TA in the present art.:) or Ahl AljbAnp; because of their weakness; (TA in art. xnsr;) [as though meaning the people of cowardice (AljabaAnap): or it may mean the people of the burial-ground (Aljab~aAnap); for, accord. to AHát, ↓ AlxnAsyr signifies those who conduct [to the burial-ground] the corpse or the bier with the corpse; perhaps from xanaAsiru meaning “ small, or little, and weak men. ” (TA.) , (K in art. xnsr, [in the CK, erroneously, xinosar,]) or ↓ xinosiyrN, (Ibn-'Osfoor, AHei, and K in the present art.,) Base, ignoble, ungenerous, or mean: (K:) and perfidious, unfaithful, or treacherous. (TA in explanation of the latter.) -A2- Also (the former accord. to the K in art. xnsr, and the latter likewise accord. to the TA in the present art.,) A calamity, or misfortune: (K, TA:) pl. [of the latter] in this sense xanaAsiyru, like xanaAviyru. (IAar, TA.) : see xaAsirN. : see xasaArN, in two places: -A2- and see also xaAsirN. ― -b2- Also One who will not accept an invitation to partake of food, lest he should be required to make a requital: so in a trad. of 'Omar. (TA.) : see xanosarN. : see xinosirN. : see xasaArN: -A2- and see also xanosarN. a word [of a pl. form] having no sing.: (S:) see xasaArN, in three places. -A2- [Also pl. of xinosiyrN, q. v.] -A3- See also xanosarN, in two places. -A4- Also The urine of the mountain-goats upon the herbage and the trees [or shrubs]: (K in this art. and in art. xnsr:) in which sense, also, it has no singular. (TA in the present art.) sing. of A^axosaruwna, which occurs in the Kur [xi. 24 and] xviii. 103 [and xxi. 70 and xxvii. 5], (Akh, S,) and signifies The greatest losers; those who suffer, or shall suffer, the greatest loss. (Bd.) [ An occasion, or a cause, of loss; or of error, or going astray; or of being lost, of perishing, or of dying: a word of the same class as maboxalapN and majobanapN &c.: pl. maxaAsiru. Hence the saying,] AlmasaAxiru maxaAsiru (tropical:) [Occasions, or causes, of mockery, or derision, or ridicule, are occasions, or causes, of loss, &c.]. (A.) xsf , aor. , (JK, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. xasofN, (JK,) or xusuwfN, (S, K,) or both; (Msb;) [and ↓ Anxsf;] It (a place) sank, (JK, Msb,) or went away, into the ground, or earth, (S, Msb, K,) with what was upon it. (JK.) You say, AlA^aroDu ↓ Anxsf, [and xasafat,] The ground sank [into the earth] with what was upon it. (TA.) And bihi AlA^aroDu ↓ Anxsft, (JK,) or bh AlArD ↓ Anxsf, and xusifa bh AlArD, (TA,) and xasafato, (Msb in art. swx,) The ground sank with him, or it: (JK:) or the ground, or earth, [swallowed up him, or it; or] took and enclosed him, or it. (TA.) And Albiy^oru ↓ Anxsft The well [sank and collapsed; or] went away into the earth with its casing of stones and wood. (Mgh.) And xasafa fiY AlA^aroDi and xusifa bihi [He, or it, sank into the ground, or earth, and became swallowed up, or enclosed, or concealed, therein]. (S.) It is said in the Kur [xxviii. 82], accord. to one reading, laxusifa binaA [We had been swallowed up by the earth]: (S:) accord. to another reading, (that of 'Abd-Allah, S, i. e. Ibn-Mes'ood, TA,) bnA ↓ laA@noxusifa, (S, K,) in the pass. form; (K;) [meaning the same;] like as one says, AunoTuliqa bnA. (S.) You say also, xasafato Eayonu AlmaA='i The spring of water sank, or went away, into the earth. (Msb, K. *) And AlEayonu ↓ Anxsft The eye sank, or became depressed, in the head; syn. gaArato; (Msb in art. gwr;) [and so xasafat, inf. n. xusuwfN; for] xusuwfu AlEayoni signifies The eye's going away into the head: (S:) or ↓ Anxsft signifies its black, or part surrounded by the white, disappeared in the head: (Mgh:) or this last, (K,) as quasi-pass. of the trans. v. xasafa, (TA,) (tropical:) it (the eye) became blind; as also ↓ A^axosafat; (K, TA;) and [in like manner] xasafat (assumed tropical:) it (the eye) lost its light [or sight]. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] xasafa Alqamaru, inf. n. xusuwfN; (S, Msb, K;) and xusifa; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) The moon [suffered eclipse, or became eclipsed, or] lost its light, or part of its light; (Msb;) i. q. kasafa: (S, * Msb, * K:) and xasafati Al$~amosu and kasafat both signify the same [i. e. the sun suffered eclipse, &c.]: (Mgh:) or one says kasafat of the sun, and xasafa of the moon, (Th, S, Msb, K,) accord. to the more approved usage: (Th, S, Msb:) or, in the common conventional language, Alkusuwfu is the partial loss of the light of the sun, and Alxusuwfu is the total loss of the light thereof: (AHát, Msb:) or Alxswf is the partial loss of the light of the sun, and Alkswf is the total loss thereof, (K, TA,) accord. to AHát: (TA:) Alxswf often occurs in the trads., as said of the sun; though the term commonly known in the classical language is Alkswf [in this case]: and it is said in a trad., A_in~a Al$~amosa wa Alqamara laAyaxosifaAni limawoti A^aHadK A^awo liHayaAtihi [Verily the sun and the moon suffer not eclipse for the death of any one or for his life]; predominance being in this instance attributed to the moon, as being masc., over the sun, which is fem. (IAth.) ― -b3- Also, inf. n. xasofN, (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) became defective or deficient; suffered loss or diminution. (K.) ― -b4- (tropical:) It (the body) became lean, or emaciated. (TA.) And xasafato, said of camels and of sheep or goats, (tropical:) They became lean, or emaciated. (TA. [This meaning is there indicated, but not clearly expressed. See xasofapN. Accord. to the KL, the inf. n. xasofN signifies The being vile, abject, or contemptible: and also the being lean, or emaciated: and hence Golius, on that authority, has rendered the verb as meaning vilis et macer fuit.]) ― -b5- Also (assumed tropical:) It (the colour, or complexion, of a person) became altered, or altered for the worse. (TA.) ― -b6- And (tropical:) It (a thing, K, as, for instance, a roof, TA) became pierced with a hole, or rent; (K, TA;) as also ↓ Anxsf. (TA.) ― -b7- And, xasafat, said of a she-camel, (tropical:) She, after yielding abundant milk, soon stopped [its flow] in winter. (K, TA.) ― -b8- And, said of a well, It was, or became, such as is termed xasiyfN [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b9- And xasafa, said of a man, (tropical:) He recovered from a disease. (IDrd, K, TA.) -A2- xasafa, (JK, Msb, TA,) aor. , (Kur xvi. 47, &c,) inf. n. xasofN, He (God) made a place, (JK, Msb,) or the ground, (TA,) to sink, (JK, Msb, TA,) or go away, into the earth, (Msb,) with what was upon it. (JK, TA.) And xasafa bihi AlA^aroDa, (S, K,) inf. n. xasofN, (S,) He (God) made him, or it, to disappear in the earth, or ground: (S, K:) [or made the earth, or ground, to sink with, and swallow up, him, or it:] whence, in the Kur [xxviii. 81], faxasafonaA bihi wabidaArihi AlA^aroDa [And we made the ground to sink with, and swallow up, him and his mansion]. (S.) And xasafotu Eayona AlmaA='i I made the spring of water to sink, or go away, into the earth. (Msb.) ― -b2- xasafa Eayona fulaAnK, (K, TA,) aor. , inf. n. xasofN, (TA,) (tropical:) He put out, or blinded, the eye of such a one, (K, * TA,) so that the black, or part surrounded by the white, disappeared in the head. (TA.) ― -b3- xasafa Al$~aYo'a, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He made a hole in, or rent, the thing. (K, TA.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) He cut, or cut off, the thing. (K.) ― -b5- xasafa Albiy^ora, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He dug the well in stones, so that it yielded an abundant and unceasing flow of water: (K, TA:) or he dug the well by piercing through its mountain [or rock] to the water beneath so that it would never become exhausted: or he dug the well so as to reach an unceasing, or a copious, source of water. (TA.) Hence the saying of 'Omar, in reply to a question of El-'Abbás respecting the poets, AimoraA^u Alqayosi saAbiquhumo xasafa lahumo Eayona Al$~iEori, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Imra-el-Keys is he who has the precedence of them:] he has made the source of poetry to well forth abundantly to them. (TA.) ― -b6- xasafa Aln~aAqapa, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He (God) made the she-camel, after yielding abundant milk, soon to stop [its flow] in winter. (K, TA.) ― -b7- xasofN also signifies The confining a beast without fodder: (K, TA:) or making a beast to pass the night without fodder: (Ham p. 290:) and (hence, TA) (tropical:) the constraining a man to do that which he dislikes, or hates; (JK, Ham ibid., K, TA;) as also xusofN: (JK:) and (hence, Ham) (tropical:) the lowering, humbling, or abasing, another: (Ham, * K, TA:) whence, sumotuhu Alxasofa, (Ham,) or saAmahu xasofFA, &c.: [explained below: see xasofN:] (TA:) and the verb of xasofN in these three senses is xasafa. (T, K.) : see 1. -A2- Axsf, said of a well-sinker, (assumed tropical:) He found his well to be such as is termed xasiyf [q. v.]: (JK:) or he produced an abundant flow of water. (TA.) see 1, in nine places. [an inf. n. of 1: and hence several of the significations here following.] Deep places in the ground (Eumuwqu ZaAhiri AlA^aroDi; in the CK Eumuwqu mA'i AlArDi); as also ↓ xusofN. (K, TA.) ― -b2- The place whence the water of a well issues. (AZ, S, K.) In the following saying of Sá'ideh El-Hudhalee, A^alaA yaA fataY maA Eabodu $amosK bimivolihi yubal~u EalaY AlEaAdiY wa tuw^obiY AlmaxaAsifu the last word is pl. of xasofN [app. as signifying A source of water], after the manner of ma$aAbihu and malaAmiHu: (TA:) the meaning is, [Truly, O young man, what is 'Abd-Shems? i. e.] how great a person is 'Abd-Shems! by the like of him the enemy is overcome [and the sources of water become difficult of access]. (M in art. bl.) ― -b3- A cloud, or collection of clouds, that has risen and appeared from the direction of the extreme west, [as North-western Africa is called by the Arabs,] from [the quarter of] the right of the Kibleh [to one who is on the north-east of Mekkeh, towards El-'Irák]: (Lth, K:) or it signifies, (JK, TA,) [and] so ↓ xisofN and ↓ xasiyfN, (K,) a cloud, or collection of clouds, that has risen and appeared mino qibali AlEayoni, bearing much water; (JK, K, TA;) i. e., from [the quarter of] the right of the Kibleh [as explained above]. (TA.) -A2- (tropical:) Deficiency, or imperfection; a fault; or a low, or base, quality; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ xasiyfapN. (TA.) One says, raDiYa fulaAnN biAlxasofi (tropical:) Such a one was content with deficiency, or imperfection; &c. (S, TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Leanness, or emaciation; (TA;) as also ↓ xasiyfapN. (JK.) ― -b3- [See also 1, last sentence. ― -b4- Hence,] baAta Alqawomu EalaY Alxasofi (tropical:) The party passed the night in a state of hunger, not having anything wherewith to feed themselves: (TA:) and baAta fulaAnN Alxasofa (tropical:) Such a one passed the night hungry: (S, K, TA:) and $aribonaA EalaY` Alxasofi (tropical:) We drank without eating. (IAar, IDrd, K, TA.) A poet says, batonaA EalaY Alxasofi laA risolN nuqaAtu bihi Hat~aY jaEalonaA HibaAla Alr~aHoli fuSolaAnaA [We passed the night in a state of hunger: there was no milk wherewith we might be fed, until we made the ropes of the camel's saddle to serve as young camels]: i. e. we had no food until we bound the she-camels with ropes in order that they might yield us milk [as though they had young ones to suckle], and we might feed ourselves with their milk. (O, TA.) [See also another ex., in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh, cited voce A_il~aA, p. 78.] ― -b5- [Hence, also,] saAmahu xasofFA and ↓ xusofFA, (S, K,) and saAmahu Alxasofa, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) He brought upon him abasement, or ignominy: (S, Msb, K:) or he required, or constrained, him to do an affair of difficulty; and to become in a state of abasement, or ignominy. (S, TA.) [See also two similar phrases voce xuT~apN.] ― -b6- [And hence,] xasofN signifies also (assumed tropical:) Wrong, wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, or tyranny. (TA.) [And saAmahu xasofFA, or Alxasofa, sometimes means (assumed tropical:) He brought upon him wrong, &c.] -A3- See also the next paragraph. : [see 1, last sentence: and] see xasofN, in two places. ― -b2- daEi AlA^amora bixusofK means (assumed tropical:) Leave thou the thing, or affair, as it is. (Sgh, K.) -A2- The [fruit called] jawoz, which is eaten; [i. e. the walnut, or walnuts;] (AA, AHn, K;) of the dial. of the people of Esh-Shihr; (AA;) as also ↓ xasofN: (AA, K:) accord. to ISd, the former is the correct word: (TA:) n. un. with p. (JK.) : see xasofN. [app. A leanness, or an emaciation: see 1, and see also xasofN]: this befalls camels, and sheep or goats, in the heat and in the cold. (A, TA.) -A2- Also sing. of ↓ A^axaAsiyfu, (JK,) which signifies Soft tracts of land: (S, K, * TA:) or level lands: (JK:) and one says also ↓ A^axaAsifu [and thus the word is written in the CK]. (Fr, TA.) One says, mina AlA^aroDi ↓ waqaEuwA fiY A^axaAsiyfa They became in soft tracts of land. (S.) [See also A^axaA$ifu, in art. x$f.] : see the next paragraph. (tropical:) A spring, or source, (EayonN, [shown in the TA to have this meaning here,]) sinking, or going away [into the earth]; as also ↓ xaAsifN; (K, TA;) in like manner without p. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A well (biy^orN) dug in stones, so that it yields an abundant and unceasing flow of water; (S, K;) as also xasiyfapN and ↓ xasuwfN and ↓ maxosuwfapN; (K;) or, as some say, xasiyfN only: (TA:) or this signifies a well pierced through its mountain [or rock] to the water beneath so that it never becomes exhausted; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ maxosuwfapN: (JK:) or a well dug so as to reach an unceasing, or a copious, source of water: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axosifapN (JK, K) and [of mult.] xusufN. (S, K.) ― -b3- (tropical:) A she-camel that yields abundant milk, but soon stops [its flow] in winter. (K, TA.) [And] with p, (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that yields abundant milk. (JK.) ― -b4- See also xasofN. ― -b5- EayonN xasiyfapN (Mgh, K, TA) and ↓ xaAsifapN (JK, Mgh) (tropical:) An eye put out, or blinded; (JK, K, TA;) of which the black, or part surrounded by the white, has disappeared in the head. (JK, Mgh, TA.) -A2- AlxasiyfaAn, thus correctly written, as in the L, and so in the Nawádir of Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, and in the Tedhkireh of Aboo-'Alee El-Hejeree, who asserts that the n is the n of the dual, and in one dial. with damm, [so that the word is written AlxasiyfaAni and AlxasiyfaAnu,] and on whose authority is mentioned the saying humaA xaliylaAnu, with damm to the n, [so that each is a dual in form, though not in signification,] but in the O and the K ↓ AlxayosafaAnu, [in the CK AlxiysafaAnu,] with fet-h to the s, and [↓ AlxayosufaAnu,] with damm to that letter, (TA,) Bad dates: (O, K:) so in the Nawádir and Tedhkireh above mentioned: (TA:) or a palm-tree that bears a small quantity of fruit, and of which the unripe dates turn bad. (O, K.) [as an epithet, fem. of xasiyfN, q. v.:] as a subst.: see xasofN, in two places. , and its fem., with p: see xasiyfN, in two places. ― -b2- Also (tropical:) Lean, or emaciated. (S, K.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A body altered, or altered for the worse. (A, TA.) (assumed tropical:) A man (JK) altered, or altered for the worse, in colour, or complexion, (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K,) and in aspect. (JK.) ― -b4- (tropical:) Hungry. (AHeyth, TA.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) A boy light, or active, (K, TA,) and brisk, lively, or sprightly; as also xaA$ifN. (TA.) ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) A man convalescent; or recovering from disease; syn. naAqihN: (AA, K: [see 1:]) pl. xusufN. (K.) and AlxayosufaAnu: see xasiyfN. and A^axaAsiyfu: see xasofapN, in three places. The lion. (TS, K.) , applied to a well: see xasiyfN, in two places. : see xasofN. xsq , aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xasoqN and xusuwqN, (Msb, TA,) It (an arrow) hit the target: (K:) or passed through the object at which it was shot; or penetrated into its inside, and its extremity went forth from the other side, the rest. remaining therein: (IKtt, Msb:) or stuck fast therein: (IF, Msb:) or xasaqa Alhadafa (Msb, TA) it hit the object at which it was shot, and passed through, or its extremity passed through; like xazaqa: (TA:) or passed through, or pierced so that its extremity passed through, not with vehemence. (Msb.) And ramaY faxasaqa He shot, or cast, and clave the skin. (Az, TA.) IF says that it is not a primitive; that the s is substituted for z; and that the word is altered because of the alteration of the meaning. (TA.) , applied to a she-camel, i. q. HazuwqN; (K;) or Evil in disposition; that pierces the ground with her toes, as she goes; (JK, TA;) furrowing the ground with her toe turned up. (TA.) i. q. xaAziqN [q. v.]. (S.) xsw , (so in some copies of the K, and in the TA,) in [some of] the copies of the K txs~Y, but the former is the right, (TA,) inf. n. taxosiyapN, He played with walnuts at the game of odd or even; (K, TA;) as also ↓ AxsY: and ↓ xAsAhu, (inf. n. muxaAsaApN, TA,) He played with him at that game: (K:) or you say, huwa yuxas~iY wa yuzak~iY He plays, and says, “ Is it even or odd?” (TA.) and 4: see above. They (two men) played together at the game of odd or even. (JK, * TA.) , (JK, K, * and TA in art. zkw,) without tenween, and accord. to some with tenween, and not having the article Al prefixed to it; and in like manner zakaA, which is coupled with the former, is without tenween, and accord. to some with tenween, and not having the article Al prefixed to it; (TA in that art.;) [but each has Al prefixed to it in the K;] accord. to Fr, some make it quasi-coordinate to fatFY [i. e. with tenween, and masc.]; some, to zfr [app. meaning the proper name zufaru i. e. without tenween, and masc.]; and some, to sakoraY [app. meaning without tenween, and fem.]: (TA:) a word that is said in playing with walnuts; (JK;) An odd number: (Lth, Fr, K, TA:) and zkA signifies an even number: (Lth, Fr, TA:) accord. to IB, its final letter is hemzeh, for one says, yuxaAsiy^u meaning yuqaAmiru [he contends in a game of hazard]; but it is pronounced without ' to assimilate it to zkA: (TA:) the pl. is A^axaAsK, (K, TA,) accord. to the M, maxaAsK, like masaAwK, (TA, [but the former pl. occurs in a verse cited in the TA,]) which is anomalous. (K.) One says, xasFA A^awo zakFA, [so in my copies of the S, with tenween,] i. e. Odd or even? (S:) [or xasaA A^awo zakaA, as shown above:] and some say, xasaA zakaA, like xamosapa Ea$ara. (IB, TA.) And it is said in a trad., maA A^adoriY kamo Had~avaniY A^abiY Eino rasuwli A@ll~`hi Sal~aY A@ll~`hu Ealayohi wa sal~ama A^axosaA A^amo zakaA, or A^axosFA A^amo zakFA, [for the vowel-signs are not written in my original,] meaning farodFA A^amo zawojFA [i. e. I know not how many times my father told me, from the Apostle of God, God bless and save him; whether an odd or an even number: or, perhaps, once or twice]. (TA.) xsY The throwing of pebbles, one at another. (K.) You say, taxaAsato qawaAy^imu Ald~aAb~api biAlHaSaA The legs of the beast threw the pebbles, one at another. (TA.) [See also 3 in art. xsA^.) The like of a [garment of the kind called] kisaA=', or of a [tent such as is called] xibaA=', woven of wool. (JK, K.) x$ , (S, K,) aor. , (JM,) [vulgarly, and irregularly, ,] inf. n. xa$~N, (TA,) He (a man) entered into it; (S, K;) namely, a thing; (S;) as also ↓ Anx$~; (K, A, TA;) and ↓ xa$oxa$a, (TA,) inf. n. xa$oxa$apN; (K, TA;) and in like manner, into a collection of trees, and a company of people: (A, * TA:) or fiyhi ↓ xa$oxa$a, (IDrd,) and fyh ↓ taxa$oxa$a, (IDrd, K,) he entered into it, (namely, a thing, IDrd, or a collection of trees, K, and in like manner a company of men, TA,) so as to become hidden, or concealed: (IDrd, K:) and xa$~a, he (a man) went, or went away, or advanced, [into a thing,] and penetrated. (TA.) -A2- Hence, (TA,) xa$~a AlbaEiyra (S, K,) aor. , [agreeably with general rule in this case,] inf. n. xa$~N, (S,) He put into the camel's nose the thing termed xi$aA$; (S, K;) as also ↓ A^axa$~a. (Zj, K.) ― -b2- And hence the saying in a trad., xu$~uwA bayona kalaAmikumo laA A_il`ha A_il~aA A@ll~`hu, meaning, (assumed tropical:) Introduce ye, or insert ye, in your speech the words There is no deity but God. (TA.) And ↓ xa$oxa$ahu likewise signifies He introduced, or inserted, him or it. (TA.) ― -b3- Also xa$~ahu, aor. and inf. n. as above, He pierced him, or stabbed him. (TA.) see xa$~a AlbaEiyra. see xa$~a fiyhi. He ate of the xi$aA$ of the earth. (TA.) : see xa$~a fiyhi, in two places. -A2- xa$oxa$ahu: see 1, last signification but one. -A3- Also He caused it to make a sound such as is described below, voce xa$oxa$apN. (S, TA. *) See an ex. in the next paragraph. : see xa$~a fiyhi. -A2- Also It made a sound (S, K) such as is described below, voce xa$oxa$apN. (S.) 'Alkameh Ibn-'Abadeh says, taxa$oxa$a A^abodaAnu AlHadiydi Ealayohimu yabosa AlHaSaAdi januwbu ↓ kamaA xa$oxa$atu [The short coats of mail of iron rustled upon them, like as when a south wind has caused to rustle the dry reaped corn]. (S.) : see maxo$uw$N. : see xi$aA$N; for the former, in three places. : see xi$aA$N; for the former, in three places. The wooden thing that is inserted in the bone of the nose of the camel, (S, A, K,) to which the nose-rein is tied, in order that he may be quickly submissive: (TA:) the burap is of brass, (S, TA,) or of silver; (TA;) and the xizaAmap is of hair: (S:) or the thing that is put in the nose; and the brp is the thing that is put in the flesh: (Lh:) or what is in the bone, when it is wood, or a stick; and the EiraAn is what is in the flesh, above the nose: (As:) a wooden thing, or stick, that is put in the bone of the nose of the camel: (Msb:) n. un. with p: (S, Msb:) pl. A^axi$~apN. (A, Msb.) [Hence the saying,] jaEala Alxi$aA$a fiY A^anofihi waqaAdahu A_ilaY AlT~aAEapi biEunofihi (tropical:) [He put the x$A$ in his nose, and drew him to obedience by his violence]. (A, TA.) [And hence, also,] it signifies gaDabN, (IAar, K,) as used in the saying, Har~aka xi$aA$ahu, [lit., He put in motion his xi$aA$: meaning, (assumed tropical:) he roused, or excited, his anger; or] he made him angry. (IAar.) -A2- Alxi$aA$u, and ↓ Alxa$aA$u, (S, K,) the latter form being sometimes used, (S,) which indicates that the former is the more chaste, but, accord. to MF, several authorities say the contrary, (TA,) and ↓ Alxu$aA$u, (K,) or AlA^aroDi ↓ xa$aA$u, (A 'Obeyd, Msb,) and xi$aA$u AlA^aroDi, (Msb,) The creeping things of the earth: n. un. with p, which is syn. with AlHa$arapu and AlhaAm~apu: (Msb:) the Ha$araAt (A' Obeyd, S, K) of the earth, (A' Obeyd, K,) and its hawaAm~, and [other] creeping things, (A 'Obeyd,) such as sparrows and the like: (A 'Obeyd, K: *) or xi$aA$u AlA^aroDi, and AlT~ayori, signify the small ones of beasts or creeping things [of the earth], and of birds: (A:) IAar is related to have said that it is ↓ xi$oxaA$N, contr. to what is said by the lexicologists in general: and these things are said to have their appellation from their entering into the earth and concealing themselves; but this assertion is not valid: (ISd:) in a trad., for mn x$A$ AlArD, one relation substitutes ↓ mino xa$iy$ihaA, which has the same meaning: and some say that it is ↓ xu$ayo$, a contracted dim. of x$A$; or ↓ xu$ay~i$, without contraction: (TA:) and ↓ Alxa$aA$u signifies the bad [meaning ignoble] kinds of birds; this being with fet-h only: (As:) or birds that do not prey: (IAar, TA voce EuqaAbN:) xi$aA$N, with kesr, also signifies the serpent of the mountain; which does not suffer one to survive; and the A^afoEaY is the serpent of the plain; (El-Fak'asee, K;) which like wise does not suffer one to survive: (K:) or a great and abominable vuEobaAn: or a serpent like the A^aroqam, but smaller: or a small, tawny serpent, smaller than the Arqm: (TA:) or a white serpent, which seldom hurts, between the Huf~aAv and the Arqm: (Aboo-Kheyreh:) or such as is light, or active, and small in the head, of serpents: explained also as signifying the serpent, without restriction: (TA:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) such as has no power of defence, [maA laA difaAEa lahu, as in the CK and a MS copy of the K, for which we find in some copies of the K, and in the TA, mA lA dimaAga lahu such as has no brains, which is doubtless a mistake,] of beasts or creeping things of the earth, and of birds, (K,) such as the ostrich, and the [bustard called] HubaAraY, and the karawaAn [or stonecurlew], and [the bird called] mulaAEibu Zil~ihi, and the [harmless kinds of] serpent: (TA:) or what is small in the head, and slender, of beasts or creeping things: and the kite; and [the bird called] mulaAEibu Zil~ihi: (Aboo-Muslim:) the pl. is x$~A=' [app. xu$~aA='u, originally xu$a$aA='u, unless a mistake for A^axi$~aA='u, originally A^axo$i$aA='u]. (TA.) , and xu$ayo$N, and xu$ay~i$N: see xi$aA$N. The bone which is protuberant behind the ear, (S, Msb, K,) and which is thin, and bare of hair: (TA:) originally xu$a$aA='u, (S, Msb, K,) of the measure fuEalaA='u; (S;) [but masc., and perfectly decl., as being quasi-coordinate to quroTaAsN, whereas the original is fem., and imperfectly decl.; (see quwabaA='u;)] like quwobaA='N, which is originally quwabaA='u; (S, Msb;) and these two words are the only instances of their kind: (ISk, Msb:) dual xu$a$aAwaAn. (S, K.) The [clashing, clattering, chinking, jingling, rattling, or rustling,] sound of arms, or weapons, (S, A, * K,) and the like; (S;) as also $axo$axapN, but this latter is a dial. var. of weak authority: (TA:) and of any dry or hard thing rubbing against another such thing: (K:) accord. to IDrd, such [sound or thing (for his words are ambiguous)] is termed ↓ xa$oxaA$N: (TA:) and the [rustling] sound of a new garment or piece of cloth, when it is put in motion; as also na$ona$apN: (IAar:) and [a confused sound] such as is heard to proceed from the inside of an animal on its being hit by an arrow: (JK in art. x$f:) and a motion having a sound like the sound of arms, or weapons; (TA;) or an audible motion. (Mgh in art. x$f.) A company: (ISd, TA:) or a numerous company of men: (Az, TA:) or a company (S, K) in, (K,) or having upon them, (S,) arms, or weapons, and coats of mail. (S, K.) -A2- See also xa$oxa$apN. -A3- Also A certain plant, (S, Msb,) well known; (S, Msb, K;) [namely, the poppy;] which is of several species; (K;) i. e., four; (TA;) yusotaAniY~N [or garden-poppy,] (K,) which is the white, and this is the most fit for eating, and the best thereof is the fresh and heavy; (TA;) and manovuwrN, (K,) which is the wild Egyptian; (TA;) and muqar~anN, [app. the horned poppy,] (K,) the produce of which has an elongated extremity like the horn of the bull; (TA;) and zubodiY~N, [app. the spattling poppy,] (K,) which is known by the name of blbs [a word which I have not been able to find elsewhere]: (TA:) every one of these is soporiferous, and produces torpidness, and cools: (K:) used as a suppository, it produces sleep: and the integument [of the capsule] has a stronger power of producing sleep than the seeds: (TA:) [or rather the seeds have no narcotic power:] from half a drachm of the integument, with cold water, as a draught, taken early in the morning, and the like at sleep, has a wonderful effect in stopping a looseness characterized by a mixture of humours and by blood, when accompanied by heat and inflammation: (K:) it is wonderful also that its solid part confines, and its juice relaxes: and when the root, or lower part, is taken with water, [and boiled] so that the water is reduced to half its quantity, it is beneficial as a remedy for diseases of the liver arising from thick humour: so says the author of the Minháj: (TA:) the n. un. is with p: (Msb:) and the pl. is xa$aAxi$u [app. a mistake for xa$aAxiy$u]. (TA.) [See also A^afoyuwnN.] : see xi$aA$N. A camel having a xi$aA$ put in his nose; as also ↓ xa$N. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) x$b , (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xa$obN, (TA,) He mixed a thing (S, K) with (bi) another thing. (S.) ― -b2- And He picked out, chose out, or selected, a thing: the verb thus having two contr. significations. (K, TA.) -A2- Also, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) He polished a sword, (S, K,) by laying on it a broad and smooth spearhead and rubbing it therewith: so accord. to ElAhmar, who relates that an Arab of the desert said to him, I said to a sword-polisher, “ Hast thou finished my sword? ” and he answered, naEamo A_il~aA A^an~iY lamo A^axo$ibohu [Yes, except that I have not polished it]. (S.) And [or, as in the TA, “ or ”] He sharpened it. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And He forged a sword: (K:) or fashioned it with the file, without polishing it: (TA:) or he made it imperfectly, not thoroughly, or not well: (A:) thus, again, the verb has two contr. significations: (K:) also he thus made an arrow: (A:) or he shaped out a bow, (AHn, K,) and an arrow, (TA,) [in a rough manner, or] by the first operation, (AHn, K, TA,) without perfecting it, or making it smooth, or even. (TA.) You say of a sword, before it has been filed, maA A^aHosana maA xu$iba [How well has it been forged!]: and in like manner one says of an arrow, when it has been filed, before the safan [with which it is smoothed] has been applied to it. (Skr, on a verse of Sakhr, cited below, voce xa$iybapN.) ― -b3- [Hence,] xa$aba Al$~iEora, (ISk, S, A, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (A,) (tropical:) He said, spoke, or uttered, the poetry (ISk, S, A, K) as it came, (ISk, S,) [unpolished, and unstudied,] without affecting nicety, or refinement, therein, (ISk, S, A, K,) and without study, or labour: (A, K:) Jereer did thus, and Farezdak trimmed his verses; but the verses of Jereer thus produced are better than the trimmed verses of Farezdak: (A, TA:) and ↓ Axt$bhu signifies the same. (A, K.) You say also, humo yaxo$ibuwna AlkalaAma waAlEamala (tropical:) [They say, speak, or utter, words, and do work, without affecting nicety, or refinement, and without study, or labour]: (A:) or imperfectly, or not thoroughly; inelegantly, or not well. (TA.) And Ait~axa*a Als~ayofa xa$abFA: see 8. : see 8. -A2- tx$~bti AlA_ibilu The camels ate thick branches: (K:) or ate dry herbage. (S.) And tataxa$~abu EiydaAna Al$~ajari They take with the mouth, and eat, the branches of the trees. (TA.) signifies ↓ Ait~axa*ahu xa$obFA; He took the sword without choosing the best by taking it from this place or that; (L, TA;) as also ↓ tH$~bhu. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 1, near the end. He [a man or a camel (see xa$ibN)] was, or became, tall, and gross, rude, or coarse, with bones uncovered by flesh, and hard, or hardy. (K.) He (an ostrich) was, or became, rough, or coarse. (S.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) He (a man) became hard, or hardy, and rough, or coarse, in his religion, clothing, food, and in all respects. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) He employed himself in work, and in walking barefoot, in order that his body might become thick, gross, or coarse. (S, TA.) And Ax$w$b fiY Eayo$ihi (assumed tropical:) He endured with patience a life of hardship, or difficulty: or he subjected himself to a life of hardship, or difficulty, in order to render himself the more able to bear it. (K, TA.) Aixo$awo$ibuwA is thus used in a trad. of 'Omar: (S, TA:) or, as some relate it, the word is [Aj$w$bwA,] with j; or, accord. to some, Ax$w$nwA, with x and n. (TA.) A man in whom is no good: (S, K:) or with whom is no good: (TA:) [in some copies of the K, xi$obN wa qi$obN; but this, as is said in the TA, is incorrect:] xi$obN being an imitative sequent to qi$obN. (S, TA.) [Wood, such as is used in carpentry and the like; timber;] thick wood: (A, K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. xa$abapN [signifying a piece of wood or timber]: (Msb:) the pl. of the latter, (S, Msb, *) or of the former, (K,) is xa$abN, (S, K, [i. e., accord. to the K, the pl. is the same as the sing., but properly speaking, as said above, this is a coll. gen. n.,]) and xu$ubN and xu$obN (S, Msb, K) and xu$obaAnN, (S, K,) [which last is agreeable with analogy as pl. of xa$abN,] or xu$obaAnN is pl. of xu$obN, and xu$obN is pl. of xa$abapN. (JK.) The hypocrites are described in a trad. as xu$ubN biAll~ayoli SuxubN biAln~ahaAri Like timbers, or pieces of wood, in the night; [clamorous in the day;] meaning that they pass the night in sleep, without prayer. (TA.) ― -b2- maAlN xa$abN (assumed tropical:) Cattle that are lean, or emaciated, syn. hazolaY, (K,) in consequence of their feeding upon dry herbage. (TA.) [And it seems that ↓ xa$abN signifies the same: for I find in the TA, and in a copy of the A which I believe to have been used by the author of the TA, mentioned as tropical, maAlN xa$abN waHaTibN jazolN, app. meaning that maAlN xa$ibN and HaTibN signify jazolN; but jazolN, I think, is here evidently a mistranscription for hazolaY; as HaTibN is explained in the S and K as signifying “ very lean or meagre. ”] Rough, or coarse; as also ↓ A^axo$abuxa$iybN: (K:) the former applied in this sense to a male ostrich: (S:) and both signify anything gross, or big, and rough, or coarse; (A 'Obeyd, S;) as also ↓ xa$iybN: (TA:) and the first, (K,) applied to a man and to a camel, (TA,) tall, and gross, rude, or coarse, with bones uncovered by flesh, and hard, or hardy, and strong; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ xa$iybN and ↓ xa$iybiY~N: (K:) or these three signify, or signify also, dry, or rigid, or tough: (Kr, ISd:) and xa$ibN, a man hard, or hardy, strong, and vigorous, in body: (A, TA:) and the same, (JK,) or ↓ xa$iybN, (TA,) a man whose bones are uncovered by flesh, and whose sinews are apparent; (JK, TA;) hard, or hardy, and strong: (JK:) and the last, a gross, big, or coarse, camel: (S, TA:) a camel gross, coarse, or rude, in make, and ugly: (TA:) and a horse thick, or big, in the bones. (Ham p. 207.) See also xa$abN. And see A^axo$abu, in two places. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) Life in which one is not dainty, nice, or scrupulous. (K.) The first filing of a sword, before the polishing. (TA.) : see A^axo$abu. : see A^axo$abu. , from the Persian xuw$o A=bo, [The beverage properly called in Arabic] nabiy*. (TA.) and ↓ maxo$uwbN Mixed. (TA.) ― -b2- And the former, (K,) or both, (TA,) Picked out, chosen, or selected: (K, TA:) both words thus having two contr. significations. (TA.) -A2- Also the former (S, K) and latter, (K,) A sword polished: (S, K: *) this is [said to be] the prevailing signification: (TA:) or both signify a sharpened sword. (JK, TA.) ― -b2- And the former, (As, S, K,) or both, (JK, A,) A sword of which the forging is commenced; thus [again] having two contr. significations: (S:) or forged, (K, * TA,) or fashioned with the file, but not yet polished: (As, TA:) or newly made: (TA:) or imperfectly, not thoroughly, or not well, wrought; (JK, A;) and thus both words applied to an arrow: (A:) or the former, (S, K,) or both, (TA,) applied to an arrow, (S, K,) and to a bow, (K,) shaped out (S, K) [in a rough manner,] by the first operation, (S, TA,) not yet perfected, or made smooth, or even: (TA:) pl. of the former (accord. to the TA as applied to a bow [but I see no reason for this restriction]) xu$ubN and xa$aAy^ibu. (K.) lamo yunaq~aHo ↓ maxo$uwbN [Rough hewn, not yet trimmed,] is a prov., mentioned by Meyd and Z. (MF, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence,] $iEorN xa$iybN and ↓ maxo$uwbN (tropical:) Poetry said, spoken, or uttered, as it has come to the speaker, [unpolished, and unstudied,] without his affecting nicety, or refinement, therein, and without study, or labour. (A, * TA.) And jaA='a ↓ bilmaxo$uwbi (tropical:) [He said, or uttered, that which came to him, as it came, unpolished, and unstudied]. (A, TA.) ― -b4- See also xa$iybN voce xa$ibN, in three places. ― -b5- It also signifies Bad, corrupt, or vile. (K.) The natural quality [of the metal] of a sword, (Skr on the verse here following, S, TA,) before the making thereof is completed: (Skr:) or its blade, or iron: (A:) or its edge: or its polish. (JK.) Sakhr says, waSaArimN A^uxoliSato xa$iybatuhu A^aboyaDu mahowN fiY matonihi zubadu And a sharp sword of which the natural quality [of the metal] before the completion of the making thereof has been refined, [white, or a sword,] thin in the two edges or sides, having [in its broad side] diversified marks. (Skr.) : see xa$ibN. : see what next follows. [a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is ↓ xa$~aAbN,] Sellers of xa$ab [i. e. wood, or timber]. (TA.) ― -b2- Fighters with staves. -A2- Accord. to ElHejeree, x$Abp [so in the TA, without any syll. sign,] signifies A slender [implement of the kind called] mTrq [i. e. miToraq, q. v.,] which the polisher, when he has finished the polishing of a sword, passes over it, in consequence of which the scabbard does not alter its state. (TA.) : see muxota$ibN. : see xa$ibN. Also A great mountain: (A:) or a rugged, or rough, and great mountain; (S, K;) and so ↓ jabalN xa$ibN: or such as is not to be ascended: (TA:) an elevated place, rugged, with rough stones: (JK:) a tract of the kind termed quf~, rugged and stony: (TA:) pl. A^axaA$ibu, (A, TA,) because the quality of a subst. is predominant in it: and the fem. xa$obaA='u is also sometimes used in the same sense; or as syn. with gayoDapN [i. e. a thicket, &c.]; but the former meaning is better known: and this [likewise] is thought to be rather a subst. than an epithet, because of the pl., mentioned above: (TA:) and ↓ xu$obaAnN [also seems to be a pl. of A^axo$abu, or of xa$ibN; for it is said that it] signifies rugged, or rough, mountains, neither great nor small: (K:) and rugged ground. (TA in art. *nb.) xa$obaA='u also signifies Hard land or ground; (K, * TA;) land, or ground, in which are stones and pebbles and earth or clay. (IAmb, TA.) And A^aroDN ↓ xa$aAbN (K, TA) Hard land or ground, like xa$obaA='u, (TA,) that flows with the least rain. (K, TA.) And A^akamapN xa$obaA='u (S, TA) A hill of which the stones are scattered, but near together. (TA.) And jabohapN xa$obaA='u A displeasing forehead; as also ↓ xa$ibapN: (TA:) or a displeasing, rigid forehead; (JK, S, K; *) not even. (JK.) And A^axo$abu Aljabohapi A man having a displeasing and rigid forehead. (TA.) [so in the present day, but written in the TA without any syll. sign,] A house having xa$ab [i. e. wood, or timber, employed in its construction]. (TA.) : see xa$iybN, in four places. ― -b2- It is applied to a horse, by El-Aashà; (S, TA;) meaning Of mixed pedigree: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) or not broken; not well trained; from what next follows; and thus used only by El-Aashà. (IKh, TA.) ― -b3- jafonapN maxo$uwbapN A wooden bowl imperfectly made. (IKh, TA.) ― -b4- TaEaAmN maxo$uwbN [Food imperfectly prepared; i. e.], if flesh-meat, not thoroughly cooked; and if not flesh-meat, (but grain, TA,) without any seasoning, or condiment, to render it pleasant, or savoury. (K, * TA.) One who eats what he can; as also ↓ xaA$ibN. (JK.) x$r , aor. , (S, K,) inf. n. xa$orN, (S,) He picked it, (Lh, S, K,) namely, a collection of goods, or commodities, (Lh,) removing from it what was bad. (Lh, S, K.) ― -b2- And xa$ara, aor. (and inf. n., TA) as above, He left upon the table refuse of food: thus the verb bears two contr. significations. (K.) -A2- Also xa$arahu He rendered it (a thing) bad, or vile. (TA.) (K) and ↓ xu$aArapN (S, A, K) The bad part or parts [or the refuse] (Lh, S, K) of goods, or commodities, (Lh,) or of anything. (S, K.) And the latter, The worst kind, syn. $iyS, of lates. (A.) ― -b2- What contains no lub~ [or heart], of barley. (A, K.) ― -b3- And the latter, The refuse of food remaining upon a table; that in which is no good. (S, A, K. *) ― -b4- Also the latter, (S, A, K,) and the former, (K,) and ↓ xu$~aArN, (IAar,) (tropical:) The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of mankind, or of people; (IAar, S, A, K;) as also ↓ xaA$irN, accord. to the K, but correctly ↓ xaA$irapN, as related by AA from IAar. (TA.) El-Hotei-ah says, wabaAEa baniyhi baEoDuhumo bixu$aArapF wabiEota li*uboyaAna AlEalaA='a bimaAliki [And some of them have sold their sons for the refuse of mankind; but] thou hast purchased eminence for Dhubyán with Málik: in the S we find bimaAlikaA [with thy property]: but it is correctly as above: Málik was a son of 'Oyeyneh Ibn- Hisn: the Benoo-'Ámir slew him: wherefore 'Oyeyneh made war upon them, and obtained his blood-revenge, and spoil: and to this event El- Hotei-ah refers in the verse above. (IB, TA.) : see the paragraph next preceding. : see the paragraph next preceding. : see the paragraph next preceding. : see the paragraph next preceding. x$E , aor. , inf. n. xu$uwEN, He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ Axt$E (S, K) and ↓ tx$~E; (Abu-lFet-h, Ham pp. 24 and 127;) xu$uwEN being syn. with xuDuwEN: (S, Msb, K:) or x$wE is nearly the same as xDwE: (Lth, K:) or the former is mostly used as meaning in the voice; and the latter, in the necks: (Msb:) or the latter is in the body; and the former is in the voice and in the eyes: (K:) or, as we read in the 'Eyn, the former is nearly the same as the latter, except that the latter is in the body, and signifies the acknowledging of humility and submission, and the former is in the voice and in the eyes; and the like is said in the Nh [and in the Msb in art. xDE]. (TA.) You say, xa$aEati AlA^aSowaAtu The voices were [or shall be (as in the Kur xx. 107]) still and low: (Msb:) or low: or, as some say, still. (TA.) And xa$aEa bibaSarihi He lowered his eye. (S.) And ↓ Axt$E and ↓ tx$~E He cast his eye towards the ground, and lowered his voice. (TA.) Lth says that you say, fulaAnN ↓ Axt$E, but not Axt$E bibaSarihi. (TA.) And xa$aEa baSaruhu His eye became contracted. (TA.) And xa$aEato duwnahu AlA^aboSaAru (tropical:) [meaning The eyes were cast down before him, or it]. (TA.) xu$uwEN also signifies The being, or becoming, still: and the abasing oneself; or lowering oneself. (K, TA.) And ↓ Axt$E, He lowered, or stooped, or bent down, his breast. (TA.) ― -b2- Also, inf. n. as above, He feared; for instance, in prayer: (TA:) or xa$aEa fiY SalaAtihi and fiY duEaAy^ihi signifies He applied himself with his heart to [or in] his prayer, and his supplication. (Msb.) ― -b3- xa$aEati AlkawaAkibu, (Aboo-'Adnán,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) The stars approached to the place of setting; (Aboo-'Adnán;) or approached to setting: (K:) or sank, and nearly disappeared in their setting-place. (Aboo- Sálih El-Kilábee.) [The corresponding phrase in Hebrew, occurring in Gen. xxxvii. 9, probably has the same meaning.] ― -b4- xa$aEati Al$~amosu (tropical:) The sun became eclipsed. (TA.) ― -b5- xa$aEa Als~anaAmu (tropical:) The hump for the most part went away; (O, K;) i. e. the hump of the camel: (TA:) or became lean; its fat going away, and its height becoming lowered. (L.) ― -b6- fulaAnN ji*olN HikaAkN xa$aEati Eanohu AlA^ubanu is a saying of the Arabs, explained in art. Hk. (TA in that art.) ― -b7- xa$aEa Alwaraqu (tropical:) The leaves withered. (TA.) ― -b8- xa$aEati AlA^aroDu (tropical:) The earth, or land, dried up, not being rained upon. (TA.) -A2- xa$aEa fulaAnN xaraA$iY~N Sadorihi Such a one ejected the viscous saliva [or phlegm of his chest]. (O, K.) ― -b2- And xa$aEato xaraA$iY~N Sarihi The viscous saliva [or phlegm of his chest] became ejected. (O, K.) The verb is thus intrans., as well as trans. (O.) He lowered, humbled, or abased, himself: (Lth, K:) or he constrained himself to be, or to become, lowly, humble, or submissive; or to be so, or to become so, in voice, or in the eyes. (S.) See also 1, in two places. [He feigned lowliness, humility, or submissiveness, in demeanour, or in voice, or in the eyes]. (TA in art. mwt; &c.) see 1, in four places. A low hill: (S:) or a hill cleaving to the ground: (IAar, K:) and a piece of rugged ground: (IDrd, K:) or [elevated ground such as is termed] quf~ that is for the most part soft, i. e. neither stone nor clay: (Lth:) and a rock growing in the sea: (TA:) pl. xu$aEN. (K.) It is said in a trad., kaAnati AlA^aroDu xu$oEapF EalaY AlmaA='i vum~a duHiyato [The earth was a low hill, &c., upon the water: then it was spread out]: (S:) but this trad. is variously related. (TA.) Lowly, humble, or submissive, (K, TA,) and still: (TA:) [or so in the voice and in the eyes: (see 1:)] pl. xaA$iEuwna and xu$~aEN; the latter also signifying men lowering, humbling, or abasing, themselves: or constraining themselves to be, or to become, lowly, humble, or submissive; or to be so, or to become so, in voice, or in the eyes: or casting their eyes towards the ground, and lowering their voices. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [lxviii. 43, and lxx. 44], accord. to different readings, xaA$iEapF A^aboSaAruhumo and xaA$iEFA A^aboSaAruhumo [Having their eyes cast down]: the accus. case being used as denotative of state. (Zj, TA.) ― -b2- Bowing; or bending down the head and body. (K.) ― -b3- Fearing. (TA.) ― -b4- (tropical:) A camel's foot (xuf~N) cleaving to the ground. (TA.) ― -b5- (tropical:) A wall that has cracked, and given notice of its falling, and [then] become even with the ground. (TA.) ― -b6- (tropical:) A herb dried up, and falling down upon the ground. (TA.) ― -b7- Applied to a place, (S, K,) and, with p, to a balodap [or portion of country], (S,) (tropical:) Overspread with dust, [in the CK AlmuEanobaru is erroneously put for Almugab~aru,] and having in it no place of alighting, or of abiding: (S, K:) and to land (A^aroDN), meaning of which the wind raises the surface, by reason of its softness, so as to efface its traces, or tracks: (L:) or in this case it is with p, as in the Kur xli. 39, and means altered (mutagay~irap [probably a mistranscription for mutagab~irap overspread with dust]), and having its herbage broken in pieces: (Zj, * TA:) or dried up, and containing no herbage: (Jel:) or containing no green herbage: or low, or depressed, and still: (TA:) and, without p, applied to a place, to which one finds not his way: (Sgh, K:) pl. xu$~aEN. (TA.) x$f , aor. (S, Sgh, L, K) and , (L, K,) inf. n. xa$ofN, (S,) He, or it, made a sound, (L, K,) or what is termed His~ [i. e. a low, faint, gentle, or soft, sound], (S,) and an audible motion: (S, L:) said of a man: and said also of snow, as meaning it caused one to hear a [sound such as is termed] xa$ofap in walking [upon it]; as is the case in intense cold. (S.) And xa$afa, aor. , inf. n. xu$uwfN, said of snow, It was rough, so that it caused one to hear a xa$ofap in walking [upon it]: and in like manner said of ice; i. e. it was soft, or yielding [to the feet, crackling], or easily broken. (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, El-Katámee, (TA,) A_i*aA kab~ada Aln~ajomu Als~amaA='a bi$atowapK EalaYHiyna har~a Alkalobu wAlv~aloju xaA$ifu [When the asterism of the Pleiades culminates in winter, at the time when the dog whines by reason of the cold, and the snow causes one to hear a slight sound in walking upon it]: (S:) or, accord. to IB, the right reading is, bisuHorapK [a little before daybreak, or in the last third of the night]: (TA:) Hyn is here mansoob because ElY is made to be redundant, and because it is prefixed to a verbal proposition: (S:) this is the more approved way in a case of this kind, when the verb commencing the proposition is a pret.; but some say ElY Hiyni. (I 'Ak p. 199.) ― -b2- xa$afa said of water, It froze. (K.) ― -b3- Said of cold, It was, or became, intense. (K.) ― -b4- xa$afa iY Als~ayori, (K,) inf. n. xa$afaAnN, (JK,) He hastened, made haste, or sped, [app. so as to cause a slight sound to be heard,] in going, journeying, or pace. (JK, * K.) And mar~a yaxo$ifu He passed along hastening. (TA.) ― -b5- xa$afa, (S, K,) aor. (S, TA) and , (TA,) inf. n. xu$uwfN (S, K) and xa$afaAnN, (K,) He went away in, or into, the land, or country. (S, K.) And xa$afa fulaAnN Such a one journeyed away, went away, or departed, or became hidden or concealed, syn. tagay~aba, (K, TA,) in the land, or country. (TA.) ― -b6- xa$afa fiY Al$~aYo'i (aor. , TA,) He entered into the thing; as also ↓ Anx$f. (K.) ― -b7- xa$afa, inf. n. xa$afaAnN, He (a man) went, or travelled, by night. (K.) ― -b8- And He was bold, or daring, in night-journeying: or he went about, or round about, by night; (L, K, TK; but in the first and second, only the inf. n. is mentioned in this case;) and journeyed much by night. (L.) And xa$afa biAlqawomi, aor. , said of a guide of the way, He went about, or round about, by night, and hastened, or sped, with the party: (JK:) or xa$afa bihimo, inf. n. xa$aAfapN, he (a guide of the way) acted with a penetrative energy, or with sharpness, vigorousness, and effectiveness, with them [in conducting them]; as also ↓ x$~f, inf. n. taxo$iyfN. (K, * TA.) ― -b9- xa$afato biwaladihaA She (a woman) cast forth her child [from the womb]. (K.) And xu$ifa bihi He, or it, was cast, or thrown; as also xufi$a bh, and Hufi$a bh. (TA.) -A2- xa$afa raA^osahu biAlHajari He (a man, S) broke his head with the stone. (S, K.) see 1. , (K,) inf. n. muxaA$afapN, (JK, TA,) It (an arrow) caused a [sound such as is termed] Ha$ofap to be heard on its hitting the object aimed at: (K, * TA:) or it (an arrow) caused a [confused sound such as is termed] xa$oxa$ap to be heard from the inside of the animal hit thereby. (JK.) ― -b2- xA$f fiY Al$~ar~i, and A_ilaY Al$~ar~i, He hastened in doing, and to do, evil, or mischief. (TA.) ― -b3- xA$f fiY *im~atihi He hastened in breaking, or violating, his compact, covenant, or promise of protection or safeguard, or of security or safety. (K, * TA.) ― -b4- xA$f AlA_ibila layolatahu He went, or kept pace, with the camels during his night; syn. saAyarahaA. (K.) see 1. : see xa$ofapN, in two places: -A2- and xi$ofN: -A3- and xaA$ifN. : see what next follows. (As, JK, IDrd, Msb, K) and ↓ xu$ofN and ↓ xa$ofN, (K,) the second of which is said by MF to be the most common, and then the first, (TA,) [but this is a mistake, for the first is the only form commonly occurring,] The young one of the gazelle; (JK, Msb;) applied to the male and the female; (Msb;) or the female is termed x$fp [i. e. xi$ofapN and xi$ofapi and xa$ofapN]: (K:) or the young one of the gazelle in the first stage after its birth: (K:) or after it is termed TalFA; for it is called by the latter appellation when just born: (As, TA: [see $aSarN:]) or after it is termed jadaAyap: (TA:) or when it first walks: or she that flees, or goes away, from, or of, (mino,) her young ones: (K: [a strange (as well as an ambiguous) explanation, seeing that the fem. is said in the K to be with p:] pl. xu$uwfN, (Msb,) or xi$afapN. (K.) and ↓ xa$iyfN Rough snow, (JK, K,) that causes one to hear a [sound such as is termed] xa$ofap in walking [upon it]: (TA:) and (in like manner, TA) ice that is soft, or yielding [to the feet, crackling], or easily broken: (K:) or the latter signifies [simply] snow. (S.) One says, ↓ A^aSabaHa AlmaA='u xa$iyfFA [The water became ice such as was soft, &c.]. (JK, TA.) [See also xaA$ifN.] (JK, S, K) and ↓ xa$afapN (Mgh, K) and ↓ xa$ofN (K) A sound: (K:) or such as is termed His~N; (S;) [i. e.] a low, faint, gentle, or soft, sound: (JK:) and a motion: (JK, S, K:) or a low, faint, gentle, or soft, His~: or the first signifies the sound of the creeping of serpents; and the sound of the hyena: (K:) or a sound that is not loud, or vehement; (A 'Obeyd;) and so ↓ the second: (Mgh:) or a single sound; so accord. to Fr: (Az, TA:) and ↓ the last signifies the sound of a sword falling upon flesh, and upon a weapon or weapons: and the sound of feet, such as is not loud, or vehement. (TA.) -A2- Also the first, A [tract of high ground such as is termed] quf~ that is mostly soft. (L, K.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. A quick, or swift, man. (S.) ― -b2- One going away, or who goes away, into the land, or country; as also ↓ xa$iyfN and ↓ xaA$ifN. (K.) ― -b3- One entering, or who enters, into a thing; as also ↓ xa$iyfN and ↓ xaA$ifN and ↓ mix$afN. (K.) One who enters into affairs (K, TA) and fears not, or dreads not; as also ↓ mixo$afN. (TA.) ― -b4- Also and ↓ xaA$ifN and ↓ xaA$ifapN sings. of xu$~afN, which signifies Camels that journey by night: (S:) or, accord. to IB, the sing. of this pl. is xaA$ifN only: and the pl. of xu$uwfN is xu$~afN [a mistranscription for xu$ufN]. (L.) ― -b5- See also mixo$afN: ― -b6- and the paragraph here next following. : see xa$afN, in two places: -A2- and xa$uwfN also, in two places. ― -b2- Also A sharp, or penetrating, sword; and so ↓ xaA$ifN and ↓ xa$uwfN: (K:) or, applied to a sword, i. q. xa$iybN [q. v.]. (JK.) ― -b3- And Water that runs in a [watercourse such as is termed] baToHaA=', beneath the pebbles, two or three days, and then goes away. (TA.) : see mixo$afN. ― -b2- A^um~u xa$~aAfK Calamity, or misfortune; (JK, K;) as also xa$~aAfN, without A^um~. (TA.) A certain nocturnal flying thing; (Msb;) the xuf~aA$ [or bat], (S, K, Msb,) that flies by night: so says El-Fárábee, in section $: (Msb:) formed by transposition from the latter word, which is the more chaste: (Sgh, Msb, TA:) or rather so called because of its xafa$aAn, i. e. its going about, or round about, by night: (Lth, TA:) or a certain flying thing, having two small eyes: (TA:) as some say, (S,) and thus also says El-Fárábee, (Msb,) the xuT~aAf [or swallow]: (S, Msb, TA:) he who says xuf~aA$N derives its name from the smallness of its eyes. (Lth, TA.) [act. part. n. of 1; fem. with p]: see 1. ― -b2- Water freezing, or in a state of congelation, and so ↓ xa$ofN. (TA.) [See xa$afN.] ― -b3- See also xa$uwfN, in four places: ― -b4- and see xa$iyfN. ― -b5- Also A boy light, or active, and brisk, lively, or sprightly; like xaAsifN. (TA in art. xsf.) Hard tracts of land: with s, it signifies such as are soft. (Fr, K.) A place of ice; (Sgh, K;) [an icehouse;] this is the meaning of the term by which Lth explains it, namely, yaxadaAn, (Sgh, TA,) [or yaxodaAno,] which is Persian, and which the author of the L has mistranscribed najoraAn, adding thereto Al*Y yjrY Elyh AlbAb. (TA.) A she-gazelle having a xi$of. (Sgh, K.) : see xa$uwfN, in two places. ― -b2- Also A guide of the way (Lth, JK, K) who travels, or goes about, with people by night: (Lth, JK:) or who acts with a penetrative energy, and with sharpness, vigorousness, and effectiveness. (K.) A man (AA, S) bold, or daring, (AA, S, K,) to encounter the night, (S,) or to encounter the terror of the night, (AA,) or in night-journeying: (K:) or who goes about, or round about, by night; as also ↓ xa$uwfN: (K:) or this last, one who fears not by night: (JK:) or who goes away boldly in the night or in any case. (AA, IB.) ― -b3- Almixo$afu The lion; (K;) because of his boldness in going about: (TA:) and so ↓ Alxa$~aAfu. (JK.) x$m , (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xa$omN, (JK, S,) He broke his xayo$uwmN [q. v.]. (JK, S, K.) -A2- xa$ima, aor. , inf. n. xa$amN, (K, TA,) agreeably with rule, (TA, [accord. to the CK xa$omN,]) and xu$uwmN, (K,) which is irreg., (TA,) He (a man, TA) was, or became, wide in the nose. (K.) ― -b2- And It (the nose) became altered for the worse in odour, or stinking, by reason of a disease therein; (K, TA;) i. e., by reason of a stoppage therein, affecting the passage of the breath, and preventing respiration: or had one of its three bones broken. (TA.) ― -b3- And xa$ima, (JK, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. xa$omN, (JK, Mgh, and so in some copies of the K,) or xa$amN, (S, Msb, and so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) and xu$aAmN, (K, [but mentioned in the JK as though a simple subst.,]) said of a man, (S, * Msb, K,) He became affected with a certain disease in the nose, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb,) which stopped the passage of the breath; (JK;) or which caused it to become altered for the worse in odour, or stinking; (Zj, Mgh;) or which rendered it corrupt, or unsound, so that the person could not smell: (Msb:) or his [cartilages of the nose called the] xayaA$iym [pl. of xayo$uwmN q. v.] delapsed, (K, TA,) and the passage of his breath became stopped. (TA.) ― -b4- And xa$ima, (JK, Msb, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xa$amN; (TA;) and ↓ Ax$m; (JK, K;) and ↓ x$~m, (S, JM, TA,) inf. n. taxo$iymN; (JM;) for which last, the K erroneously substitutes ↓ tx$~m; (TA;) It (flesh-meat) became altered for the worse in odour, or stinking: (S, * Msb, K:) or became very stinking; stank much. (JK.) , inf. n. taxo$iymN, The odour of the wine rose into his xayo$uwm, and intoxicated him: (M, K:) or the odour of the wine rose into his xy$wm, and became infused in his brain, and so dispelled his reason. (T, TA.) -A2- See also 1, last sentence. see 1, last sentence. His reason became dispelled by the rising of the odour of wine into his xayo$uwm and its becoming infused in his brain. (T, TA.) ― -b2- See also 1, last sentence. The nose: [see also xayo$uwmN:] and the mucus that flows from it. (TA, from a trad.: and the latter signification is mentioned in the TA voce salata; as well as in the present article.) ― -b2- [In modern Arabic, it signifies The mouth: and hence, a spout.] -A2- In Persian, it signifies Anger: and this meaning is with probability deducible from the literal root of this art.; for he who is angry raises his nose and makes it pointed. (TA.) [Intoxication produced by the odour of wine rising into the xayo$uwm;] a subst. from xa$~amahu Al$~araAbu. (K.) , applied to flesh-meat, [Stinking: (see 1, last sentence:) or] stinking much. (JK.) A certain disease in the nose, and a stoppage of the passage of the breath [therein]. (JK. [See also 1.]) -A2- A man having a large nose: (S:) [or] a large nose; (Zj, JK, K;) and so though not elevated, or prominent. (Zj, TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) A mountain having a thick prominence: (S:) or a long mountain, (AA, JK, TA,) having a prominence, (AA, TA,) or having a thick prominence: (TA:) or a great mountain. (K.) ― -b3- And Alxu$aAmu The lion: (JK, K:) because of the greatness of his nose. (TA.) Refuse; anything remaining after the good has been picked out. (JK.) The extreme, or most remote, [meaning innermost,] part of the nose: (S, Msb:) or the interior of the nose: (MA:) or the upper part of the interior of the nose: and the bone of the nose: (KL:) or the part that is above the nuxorap [which here seems to mean the end, or tip, or flexible part,] of the nose, of the bone thereof: and what is beneath this [is] of [the thin cartilages called] the xa$aArim of the head: (M, K:) and the nose [altogether] (Msb, KL) is so called by some: (Msb:) the word is of the measure fayoEuwlN: (Msb, TA:) and its pl. is xayaA$iym: (Msb:) which [also] signifies certain cartilages in the extreme [or inmost] part of the nose, between it and the brain: or certain ducts, (Euruwq, [meaning, or including, the air-passages, see ju$~apN, and naxara, &c.,]) in the interior (baATin M, or baTon K) of the nose. (M, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] the pl. signifies also (tropical:) Prominences, or projecting parts, of mountains. (JK, S, TA.) ― -b3- And the sing., [as a coll. gen. n.,] Small, thin, black things, resembling flesh; and morbose nodes; upon a bone. (TA.) Wide in the nose: (K:) applied to a man. (TA.) ― -b2- And, so applied, Having a certain disease in the nose, (S, Msb,) whereby it is rendered corrupt, or unsound, so that he cannot smell: (Msb:) or whose xayo$uwmN has a fetid odour; (Mgh, Msb;) from xa$ima said of flesh-meat, explained above: (Msb:) or that cannot smell anything, (JK, Az, Mgh, K, TA,) whether sweet or stinking, (Az, Mgh, TA,) by reason of a stoppage in his xayaA$iym, from having one of the three bones broken: (TA:) and ↓ maxo$uwmN [in like manner] signifies having his nose altered for the worse in odour, or stinking, his nose altered for the worse in affecting the passage of the breath, and preventing respiration; or having one of its three bones broken: (TA:) fem. of the former xa$omaA='u. (Msb.) ― -b3- And, applied to the nose, Altered for the worse in odour, or stinking, by reason of a disease therein, (K, TA,) i. e., by a stoppage therein, affecting the passage of the breath, and preventing respiration: or having one of its three bones broken. (TA.) Intoxicated; as also ↓ maxo$uwmN and ↓ mutaxa$~imN: (K:) or much intoxicated. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And Broken in pieces. (TA.) : see A^axo$amu: ― -b2- and see also muxa$~amN. : see muxa$~amN. x$n , aor , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. xu$uwnapN and xu$onapN (S, Msb, K, KL) and xa$aAnapN (CK, TA, but omitted in some copies of the K) and xa$onN and maxo$anapN, (K,) It was, or became, rough, harsh, or coarse; (K, * KL, PS;) contr. of laAna, (S, K,) or of naEuma; (Msb;) as also ↓ tx$~n. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] huwa *uw xa$onapK and xu$uwnapK (K) and maxo$anapK (TA) (tropical:) He is difficult, refractory, or stubborn; not to be coped with. (K, TA. [See also xa$inN.]) And xa$una Ealayohi Sadorihi and Elyh Sdrh ↓ Ax$w$n (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, angry with him. (Sh, TA.) See also 3. [x$~nhu He made it rough, harsh, or coarse. ― -b2- Hence,] x$~n Sadorahu, inf. n. taxo$iynN, (tropical:) He exasperated him; made him to be affected with wrath, or rage. (S, K, TA.) A poet says, waxa$~anato SadorFA jayobuhu laka naASiHu [explained in art. jyb]. (S.) , (S, M, K,) inf. n. muxaA$anapN, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was rough, harsh, or coarse, to him; syn. Ealayohi ↓ xa$una; in speech, and in action; (M, TA;) [he acted towards him, or with him, roughly, harshly, or coarsely;] contr. of laAyanahu. (S, K.) see 1: ― -b2- and see also 12. He found it [or esteemed it] rough, harsh, or coarse. (K.) -A2- Hence, in a trad. of 'Alee, making mention of pious men of learning, A@sotalaAnuwA maA A@sotaxo$ana Almutorafuwna (assumed tropical:) [And they esteemed, or esteem, soft, or smooth, what those leading a life of ease and plenty esteemed, or esteem, rough, harsh, or coarse]. (TA.) And Astx$n AlmaqaAma fiY maHal~i ka*aA (assumed tropical:) [He esteemed unpleasant, or uncomfortable, the remaining in such a place of abode]. (TA in art. b$E.) (JK, S, K) and ↓ tx$~n (K) It was, or became, very rough, harsh, or coarse: (S, K:) or (K.) he wore rough, harsh, or coarse, clothes: (JK, K:) or the former signifies also he accustomed himself to the wearing of such clothes: (S:) or each, he ate rough, harsh, or coarse, food: (TA:) or the former, (JK,) or each, (K,) (assumed tropical:) he said what was rough, harsh, or coarse: (JK, K, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) he lived a rough, or coarse, life. (K.) The former verb is more intensive in all its senses (K, TA) than xa$una and tx$~n, because of the repetition of the medial radical and the addition of the w; and the same is the case of every verb of this class, as AE$w$b and the like, as is indicated in the S. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 1. Rough, harsh, or coarse; (S, * Msb, * K, KL, PS;) applied to a thing (S, Msb, K) of any kind; (K;) as also ↓ A^axo$anu: (S, Msb, K:) in relation to a stone, they seldom or never say otherwise than A^axo$anu: (Msb:) the fem. of the former is with p; (Msb, K;) and the pl. is xu$unN, (Msb,) [also said to be a pl. by poetic license of A^axo$anu, for xu$onN, as will be seen below,] or xi$aAnN, (K,) which is applied in the sense explained above to land [or lands]: (TA:) the fem. of ↓ A^axo$anu is xa$onaA='u; (K;) and the pl. is xu$onN. (S.) You say A^aroDN xa$inapN Rough, or rugged, ground or land. (Msb.) And A^aroDN ↓ x$onaA='u Rugged ground or land, (JK, TA,) in which are stones and sand. (TA.) And mulaA='apN ↓ xa$onaA='u [A wrapper for the body] in which is roughness, harshness, or coarseness, either from newness or from make. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A strong man. (Msb.) And huwa xa$inu AljaAnibi and ↓ A^axo$anuhu (tropical:) He is difficult, refractory, or stubborn; not to be coped with. (K, TA. [See also 1.]) And EaA$a Eayo$FA xa$inFA (assumed tropical:) He lived a rough, or coarse, life. (K.) See also A^axo$anu. [dim. of xa$onaA='u] A certain small herb, or leguminous plant, green, found in meadows, and plains; so called because of its roughness, or harshness, or coarseness. (TA.) See also xa$naA='u at the end of the next paragraph. , and its fem. xa$onaA='u: see xa$inN, in five places. You say also katiybapN xa$onaA='u (tropical:) [An army, or a portion thereof, bristling with weapons: or] having many weapons: (JK, S, K, TA:) [and in like manner, ↓ jayo$N xa$inN, occurring in the TA in art. xms:] and maEo$arN xu$onN and xu$unN; the latter allowable in poetry: (S: [it is there implied that this has a similar meaning:]) or the last signifies (assumed tropical:) [a company of men] who resist harm, or injury. (Ham p. 5.) And A^uvofiy~apN xa$onaA='u (assumed tropical:) A great number [of people]. (S in art. vafY.) ― -b2- Also, (K, TA,) or ↓ A^uxayo$inu, (JK,) (tropical:) A man whose state, or condition, is discommended. (JK, K, TA. [See also muxa$~anapN.]) And the fem., (assumed tropical:) A she-camel lean, or emaciated. (JK, K.) And sanapN xa$onaA='u (assumed tropical:) A year of drought or distress. (JK.) ― -b3- A rájiz says, mino yavoribiy~aAtK xu$oni meaning [Of the fabric of Yethrib,] new [unfeathered arrows]. (S, TA.) ― -b4- xa$onaA='u also signifies A certain green herb, or leguminous plant, (A Hn, JK, K,) having short leaves, (JK,) that spreads upon the ground, (AHn,) rough to the feel, but soft in the mouth, viscous like purslane; (AHn, K;) its blossom is yellow, and it is eaten [by men], and is like wise a pasture: (AHn:) also called ↓ xu$ayonaA='u. (TA.) dim. of A^axo$anu as syn. with xa$inN. (TA.) A^uxayo$inu fiY *aAti A@ll~`hi is a phrase occurring in a trad. [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) Somewhat rough or coarse in clothing, or in mode of living, for the sake, or to obtain the approbation, of God]. (S, TA.) See also A^axo$anu. A she-camel whose Tiroq [or condition in respect of fatness] is discommended. (JK, K. [See also A^axo$anu.]) x$w , aor. taxo$uw, (JK, S, K,) inf. n. a$owN, (JK, TA,) The palm-tree bore dates such as are termed xa$ow, i. e. Ha$af: (JK, S, K:) so says El-Umawee, (S,) or IAar. (TA.) Black wheat. (IAar, K, * TA.) Dates such as are termed Ha$af: (JK, S, K:) so says El-Umawee, (S,) or IAar, who adds, i. e., of which the lower portion has become bad and rotten, while in its place: he says that it is of the dial. of Belhárith Ibn-Kaab. (TA.) x$Y , aor. yaxo$aY, inf. n. xa$oyapN (JK, S, M, Msb, K) and xa$oYN (JK, M, K) and xi$oYN (Sgh, K) [the second and third erroneously written in the CK xa$FA and (by indication) xi$FA] and xa$aApN (M, K) and xa$oyaAnN, (JK, M, K,) though it has been said that the only instances of this kind are $anoA=nN and lay~aAnN, [see the former of these two,] but in one copy of the M found written xi$oyaAnN, (TA,) and maxo$aApN (JK, M, K) and maxo$iyapN, (M, K,) He feared; syn. xaAfa: (JK, S, M, Msb, K:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib and others, he dreaded; or feared with reverence, veneration, respect, honour, or awe. (TA.) You say, xa$iyahu He feared him, or it; [or he dreaded him, or it; i. e. feared him, or it, with reverence, &c.;] as also ↓ tx$~Ahu. (K.) [And xa$iYa minohu, meaning the same: or He feared, or dreaded, what might happen to him from him, or it. And xa$iYa Ealayohi $ayoy^FA He feared, or dreaded, for him a thing.] And faEalotu *`lika xa$aApa A^ano yakuwna ka*aA [I did that in fear, or dread, that such a thing might happen]. (IAar, TA.) ― -b2- xa$ayotuhu also signifies Hope. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And the saying of Ibn-'Abbás to 'Omar, laqado A^akovarota mina Ald~uEaA='i biAlmawoti Hat~aY xa$iytu A^ano yakuwna *`lika A^asohala laka Einoda nuzuwlihi, is explained as meaning [Verily thou hast prayed much for death, so that] I hope [that it may be easier to thee when it happens]. (TA.) ― -b3- And sometimes xa$iytu means Ealimotu [I knew, or know]. (Msb.) So it is said to mean in the saying of the poet. walaqado xa$iytu biA^a mano tabiEa AlhudaY skana AljinaAna maEa Aln~abiY~i muHam~adi [And I know assuredly that he who follows the right direction shall dwell in the gardens of Paradise with the Prophet Mohammad]: (S, TA:) or the meaning may be, I hope. (TA.) ― -b4- In the saying in the Kur [xviii. 79], faxa$iynaA A^ano yurohiqahumaA TugoyaAnFA wakuforFA, the meaning is said, by Akh, to be And we disapproved [that he should make excessive disobedience, and ingratitude, to come upon them twain]; (S;) and so says Zj, explaining it as the saying of El-Khidr: or, accord. to Fr, the meaning is, and we knew. (TA. [See also A^azohaqa.]) -A2- xaA$aAniY faxa$ayotuhu: see 3. , inf. n. taxo$iyapN, He frightened him, or made him to fear; (S, K;) [or he made him to dread; or to fear with reverence, &c.; (see 1;)] biAlA^amori [with the thing, or event]. (TA.) One says, xa$~i *uw^aAlapa biAlHibaAlapi, meaning [Frighten thou] the wolf [with the snare]. (S. [See art. *A^l.]) And laqado kunotu wamaA A^uxa$~aY biAl*~iy^obi [Verily I used to be in a state when I was not frightened by the wolf]: a prov. (JK, TA.) ↓ xaA$aAniY faxa$ayotuhu, (A'Obeyd, S, K,) aor. of the latter A^axo$iyhi, (A'Obeyd, S,) [I vied with him in fear or dread, and] I was more fearful [or dreading] than he. (A 'Obeyed, S, K.) ― -b2- xaA$aY fulaAnFA, (JK, TA,) inf. n. muxaA$aApN, (TA,) He left, forsook, relinquished, or abandoned, such a one, being left, &c., by him. (JK, TA.) ― -b3- xA$Y bihimo He guarded himself against them in an extraordinary degree, and was cautious, or wary, (JK, TA,) and therefore turned away, or withdrew. (TA.) see 1, second sentence. : see what next follows. Fearful, or fearing; (S, Msb, TA;) [or dreading; i. e. fearing with reverence, &c.: (see 1:)] as also ↓ xaA$K and ↓ xa$K: (K:) fem. xa$oyaA, (S, Msb, K, [in the CK, erroneously, xa$oyaA='u,]) like gaDobaY fem, of gaDobaAnu, (Msb,) accord. to rule, (TA,) and xa$oyaAnapN, mentioned by El- arzookee, and thought by MF to be of the dial. of Asad; (TA;) or this signifies a wo man who fears, or dreads, (taxo$aY,) everything; (JK, TA;) so in the Tekmileh: (TA:) pl. xa$aAyaA, (K,) pluralized in a similar manner to epithets significant of diseases, like HayaATaY &c., because Alxa$oyap is like a disease. (TA.) Land such as is termed jahaAdN [i. e. hard; or having no herbage; or hard, and having no herbage; or level; or rugged, &c.]. (JK, Sgh, K.) Dry; (As, JK, S, K;) like Ha$iY~N; (As, S;) applied to herbage; (As, S;) or to herbs and trees: (JK:) or dry and rotten. (IAar, TA.) A rájiz says, (S,) namely, Sakhr, (TA,) sam~u *araAriyHa riTaAbK waxa$iYo [Poison of moist cantharides, and dry]; (S, TA;) meaning waxa$iY~K, suppressing one of the two Ys by poetic license. (IB, TA.) : see xa$oyaAnu. meaning More [and most] fearful, or feared, [or dreaded,] (S, K,) is anomalous, (K,) being from the pass. [verb, like its syn. A^axowafu]. (TA.) You say, h`*aA AlmakaAnu A^axo$aY mino *aAka This place is more fearful, or feared, [or dreaded,] than that. (S, K. *) [pl. of maxo$aApN, originally maxo$ayapN,] Causes of fear [or dread]; syn. maxaAwifu [pl. of maxaAfapN: like which, maxo$aApN is also an inf. n.]. (Har p. 138.) xS , (S, K,) or bika*aA, (A, Msb,) aor. , (Msb, TA,) inf. n. xaS~N (K) and xuSuwSN (S, Msb, K) and xaSuwSN (TA) and xaSuwSiy~apN and xuSuwSiy~apN, (S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) of which last two the former is the more chaste, (S, TA,) and is the form mentioned in the Fs and its Exposi tions, and the Y in it is said to be the relative Y, and the Y which is characteristic of an inf. n., whereas in the latter it is said to be a characteristic of intensiveness, but MF thinks that this requires consideration, because the Y is also said to be, and by some more commonly, without teshdeed, as in karaAhiyapN and EalaAniyapN, (TA,) and xiS~iySaY, (S, K,) like mik~iyvaY, which is said to be the only other instance of this measure, (TA,) [but some others might be added, as dil~iylaY and fix~iyraY and qit~iytaY,] and xiS~iySaA='u, (IAar, Kr, K,) [like mik~iyvaA='u,] the former of which last two [each of which has an intensive signification] is the chaste, and com monly known, form, (TA,) and xuS~iy~apN, or xiS~iy~apN, or xaSiy~apN, (accord. to different copies of the K,) written by Sgh with damm, (TA,) and taxiS~apN, (Ibn-' Abbád, K,) or, as some say, xaSuwSiy~apN and xiS~iy~apN [or xuS~iy~apN or xaS~iy~apN] are each a quasi-inf. n., as also xaAS~apN, (TA,) He distinguished him particularly, peculiarly, or specially, i. e., above, or from, or exclusively of, others, by the thing, or by such a thing; he particularized him, or particularly or peculiarly or specially characterized him, thereby; syn. faD~alahu (A, K, TA) duwna gayorihi, and may~azahu; (TA;) he appropriated, or assigned, [the thing or] such a thing, or made it to belong, to him alone, or in particular, or peculiarly, or specially, exclusively of others; (Msb;) and bihi ↓ AxtS~hu signifies the same; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ AxS~hu, (A, [but for this I know not any other authority,]) and ↓ xS~Shu; (A;) or this last has an intensive signification. (Msb.) You say, xaS~ahu biAluwd~i He distinguished him &c. by love, or affection; or favoured him in preference to another, or others, thereby. (K, TA.) As to the saying of AZ, A_ini A@moraA^N xaS~aniY EamodFA mawad~atahu EalaY Alt~anaAniY laEinodiY gayoru makofuwri [If a man distinguish me above, or from, or exclusively of, others, purposely, by his love, or because of his love of me, notwithstanding distance of each from the other, it will not be disacknowledged with me,] the meaning is, xaS~aniY bimawad~atihi; or it may be xaS~aniY limawad~atihi A_iy~aAYa [in the TA bimawad~atihi, which is evidently a mistranscription]; for, says ISd, we have not heard xaS~ahu [or rather xaS~a] doubly transitive. (TA.) And [hence] xaS~ahu bika*aA also signifies He gave him such a thing in large quantity, or abundantly. (TA.) [You say also, xaS~ahu biAl*~ikori He distinguished, &c., or singled out, him, or it, by mention: or he particularized, peculiarized, or specified, him, or it, thereby; he particularly, peculiarly, or specially, mentioned him, or it. And xaS~ahu, alone, He pointed particularly, or peculiarly, to him, or it, in what he said; or he meant particularly, or peculiarly, him, or it. And xaS~a minohu ka*aA He distinguished, particularized, peculiarized, or specified, thereof such a thing: and he distinguished therefrom such a thing; he particularly, peculiarly, or specially, excepted therefrom such a thing.] You also say, xaS~ahu linafosihi (TA) and linafosihi ↓ AxtS~hu (T, A, TA) [He appropriated, or took, or chose, him, or it, particularly, or specially, to, or for, himself; as also xaS~a bihi nafosahu and bihi nafosahu ↓ AxtS~]. And fulaAnFA ↓ huwa yasotaxiS~u and yasotaxoliSuhu (A, TA) [He appropriates such a one purely to himself, exclusively of any partner; (see the latter verb;)] he chooses such a one for himself; he appropriates him to himself as his particular, or special, intimate; (TA in art. xlS;) both signify the same. (S and K in art. xlS.) [And ↓ AxtS~hu He treated him, or behaved towards him, with partiality; was partial towards him: a signification implied by the first explanation in this art.: and in this sense it is often used.] -A2- xaS~a, aor. , [contr. to general rule, by which it should be , for it is intrans., and of the measure faEala, accord. to the Msb,] inf. n. xuSuwSN, [and app. xaSuwSiy~apN and xuSuwSiy~apN, accord. to modern usage,] It was, or became, particular, peculiar, or special; restricted, or confined, to one or more of persons, places, or things; distinct, or distinguished, from others; not common, or general; contr. of Eam~a; as also ↓ AxtS~: (Msb:) [each, also, followed by lahu, signifies He, or it, belonged, pertained, or appertained, to him, or it, particularly, peculiarly, specially, or exclusively; it so related to him, or it; it was, or became, peculiar to him, or it: see also the latter verb below.] -A3- xaS~a, sec. pers. xaSiSota, (in the CK xuSiSotu,) [inf. n., app., xaSaASapN and xaSaASN and xaSaASaA='u,] (tropical:) He was, or became, poor; in a state of poverty; (Fr, Sgh, K;) as also ↓ AxtS~. (A, TA.) , inf. n. taxoSiySN, He made it, or rendered it, particular, peculiar, or special; distinct, or distinguished, from others; not common, or general; he individuated it; particularized it; distinguished it from the generality; singled it out; taxoSiySN being the contr. of taEomiymN. (K. [But only the inf. n. is there mentioned.]) ― -b2- See also 1, first sentence. see 1, first sentence. quasi-pass. of 2; It was, or became, made, or rendered, particular, peculiar, or special; &c.; not common, or general. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 8, in two places. ― -b3- It is also said to mean (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, in a peculiar, unparticipated state of pressing want and poverty. (Har p. 94.) : see 1, in four places. -A2- AxtS~ as an intrans. v.: see 1, last sentence but one. ― -b2- AxtS~ biAl$~aYo'i, (K,) or bika*aA, (A, Msb,) quasi-pass. of xaS~ahu bihi; (A, Msb, K;) He was, or became, distinguished particularly, peculiarly, or specially, i. e., above, or from, or exclusively of, others, by the thing, or by such a thing; he was, or became, particularized, or particularly or peculiarly or specially characterized, thereby; (A, * K * TA;) he had [the thing or] such a thing appropriated, or assigned, or made to belong, to him alone, or in particular, or peculiarly, or specially, exclusively of others; (Msb;) and ↓ txS~S signifies the same. (A, Msb, K.) You say, AxtS~ fulaAnN biAlA^amori, and lahu ↓ txS~S, [or bihi, accord. to general usage,] Such a one was, or became, alone, with none to share or participate with him, in the affair; syn. Ainofarada. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 1, last sentence. see 1, latter half. A booth of reeds, or canes, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) or of [boughs of] trees: (TA:) or a house roofed with a piece of wood, in the form of the [oblong vaulted structure called] A^azoj: (JK, K:) so called because of the xaSaAS, or “ narrow interstices, ” which are in it; (T, TA;) or because one sees what is in it through its xaSaAS, or “ interstices: ” (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axoSaASN (JK, Msb, TA) and [of mult.] xiSaASN (JK, L, K [in the CK xaSaASN, which is wrong,]) and xuSuwSN (JK, K) and xuSuwSapN. (JK.) ― -b2- Also The shop of a vintner, (As, K,) although it be not of reeds, or canes. (K.) : see xaSaASapN, from the beginning to the last sentence but two. an inf. n. of 1, trans. and intrans. ― -b2- [Used as a simple subst., Particularity; peculiarity; speciality, or specialty; as also the inf. ns. ↓ xaSuwSiy~apN, and ↓ xuSuwSiy~apN.] You say, lahu xuSuwSN and ↓ xuSuwSiy~apN [To him belongs a particularity, &c.], and biY [in me is &c.]. (A.) [Hence xuSuwSFA Particularly; specially; as also ↓ xaAS~apF.] Th was heard to say, ↓ A_i*aA *ukira AlS~aAliHuwna fabaxaAS~apK A^abuw bakorK waA_i*aA *ukira AlA^a$oraAfu fabixaAS~apK EaliY~N [meaning faxuSuwSFA, i. e., When the righteous are mentioned, then in particular, or peculiarly, Aboo-Bekr is virtually mentioned; and when the shereefs are mentioned, then in particular, or peculiarly, 'Alee]. (L, TA.) An interstice, interval, or intervening space or opening; (S, K;) as also ↓ xaSaASN [which is commonly used as a coll. gen. n.] and ↓ xaSaASaA='u: (K:) or an interstice, &c., in the vagor [app. meaning the front teeth]; as also ↓ the second of these words: (TA:) or the first and ↓ second, (TA,) or ↓ all, (K,) any interstice, &c., or hole or perforation, in a door, and sieve, and [veil of the kind called] buroquE, and the like, (K, TA,) such as a cloud, and a strainer, &c.: (TA:) [a crevice, cranny, chink, or fissure:] or the first, (TA,) or ↓ all, (K,) a small hole or perforation: (K, TA:) or the first has this signification as well as the signification first mentioned: (S:) or the ↓ second, the like of a kaw~ap [or mural aperture] in a [structure of the kind called] qub~ap, or the like, when as wide as the face; or, accord. to some, whether wide or narrow: (TA:) and the same, interstices, intervals, or intervening spaces or openings, in a xuS~; (TA;) or narrow interstices, &c., therein: (T, TA:) and the same, (TA,) or ↓ all, (K,) the intervening spaces between the three stones upon which a cooking-pot is placed; (K, TA;) and between the fingers: (TA:) and the first, the intervening spaces between the feathers of an arrow: (IAar, TA:) pl. [of the first,] xaSaASaAtN. (TA.) You say of the moon, badaA mino xaSaASapi Algayomi [It appeared from the gap of the cloud, or clouds]. (S, A.) ― -b2- Also A cloud itself; or clouds; syn. gayomN. (TA.) -A2- Also the first, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ second, (S, K,) and ↓ third, (IDrd, K,) (tropical:) Poverty; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) need; (A, Msb, TA;) straitness, or difficulty; (Mgh;) an evil state or condition: (TA:) from xaSaASaAt meaning the “ holes ” of a sieve: whence a saying cited voce tajam~ala: (Mgh:) or from the first of the senses explained in this paragraph; because a thing, when it opens so as to form an interstice, becomes weak and unsound. (TA.) You say also, ↓ sadadotu xuSaASapa fulaAnK, with damm, meaning, (tropical:) I repaired the broken fortune of such a one. (A, TA.) ― -b2- Also the first, (tropical:) Thirst; as in camels when they return from water without having satisfied themselves with drink: and hunger; as in a man when he has not satisfied himself with food. (TA.) : see xaSaASapN, last sentence but one. : see xaSaASapN, from the beginning to the last sentence but two. and xuSuwSiy~apN: see xuSuwSN, in three places. and xuS~aAnN: see the next paragraph, in three places. Particular; peculiar; special; distinct, or distinguished, from others; contr. of EaAm~N. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [And hence, Choice; select. ― -b3- And Pare; unmixed; unadulterated.] ― -b4- [Used as a subst.,] it is syn. with ↓ xaAS~apN; (Ks, Msb, K;) in which the p is a corroborative; (Msb;) and which signifies Distinguished people; persons of distinction; the distinguished sort; contr. of EaAm~apN: (S, Msb, K:) or the former is contr. of EaAm~N, and ↓ the latter is contr. of EaAm~apN: (TA:) [the pl. of both is xawaAS~N and ↓ xiS~aAnN and ↓ xuS~aAnN: or, accord. to rule, the first of these is pl. only of xaAS~apN; and judging from other instances, we should regard the second and third as more probably pls. of xaAS~N: but however the case may be,] xiS~aAnN is syn. with xawaAS~u, (S, K,) and so is xuS~aAnN. (K.) [You say, AlxaAS~u waAlEaAm~u, and waAlEam~apu ↓ AlxaAS~apu, The distinguished and the common people; the persons of distinction and the vulgar.] You also say, ↓ A_in~amaA yafoEalu h`*aA xiS~aAnN mina Aln~aAsi meaning xawaAS~u minohumo [Only distinguished persons of mankind do this]. (S.) ― -b5- [It seems to be also, in some instances, syn. with ↓ xaAS~apN as signifying A particular, peculiar, or special, friend, intimate, familiar, companion, associate, attendant, dependent, or servant:] the latter is explained in the T [and JK] as meaning a person whom thou hast appropriated, particularly distinguished, taken, or chosen, (AixotaSaSotahu,) [as a friend, &c.,] to, or for, thyself: (TA:) [and it is used as a sing. and as a pl.: for] you say, h`*aA xaAS~atiY [This is my particular, or special, or choice, or choicest, friend, &c.]: and humo xaAS~atiY [They are my particular, or peculiar, or special, or choice, or choicest, friends, &c.]. (A.) You say also, fulaAnN xaAS~N lifulaAnK, (Kull p. 174,) or bifulaAnK, (so in the L,) [app. meaning lifulaAnK, unless it be mistranscribed, and the latter be the correct reading, which I think much the more probable;] i. e., Such a one belongs exclusively [as a particular, or peculiar, or special, friend, &c.,] to such a one; (Kull;) and ↓ muxaS~N signifies the same. (L.) ― -b6- See the dim. of xaAS~apN, (namely xuwayoS~apN,) below. : see xaAS~N, in four places. ― -b2- It also signifies A property of a thing, not found, or not existing, either wholly or partly, in another thing: and ↓ xaAS~iy~apN [thus correctly written, and thus I have always found it written except by Golius and those who have probably imitated him, who write it without the sheddeh to the Y,] is used as denoting [a property, or particular or peculiar virtue, which is] an unknown cause of a known effect; as that by which a medicine operates: the former differs from the latter in being conventionally applied to an effect, [or effective property,] whether the cause of its existence be known or not: [the pl. of the former is xawaAS~u, agreeably with analogy and usage, like as EawaAm~u is pl. of EaAm~apN:] the pl. of the latter is xaAS~iy~aAtN [and xaSaAy^iSu]; and xawaAS~u is a quasi-pl. n., not a pl., of the same. (Kull p. 174. [All the abovementioned words here cited from that work are there without syll. signs, as being well known. Both xAS~p and ↓ xAS~y~p, as here explained, are perhaps post-classical; but of this I am not certain: and both are sometimes used as meaning The peculiar nature of a thing; also termed its essence.]) ― -b3- xaAS~apF and bixaAS~apK: see xuSuwSN. : see xaAS~apN, in two places. dim. of xaAS~apN; (A, K;) [like duwayob~apN, q. v., dim. of daAb~apN;] originally xuwayoSiSapN; (TA;) the Y being quiescent because the Y of the dim. cannot be movent; (A, K;) [properly signifying A little, or young, particular, or peculiar, or special, friend, companion, associate, attendant, or servant; and used in other senses, like other diminutives; implying littleness of estimation; and also affection, and awe.] It is said in a trad., (TA,) Ealayoka bixuwayoS~api nafosika [Keep thou to the little, or dear, particular friend of thine own self: so it seems to mean accord. to Z, being mentioned by him among the proper expressions belonging to this art.: but accord. to the TK, it appears to be tropical; for the meaning is there said to be, (assumed tropical:) thine own particular state, or condition]. (A, TA.) In another trad., xwyS~p is used as signifying A little, young, particular, or peculiar, or special, servant. (TA.) And in another trad. it is said, baAdiruwA biAlA^aEomaAli sit~FA Ald~aj~aAli waka*aA waka*aA waxuwayoS~apa A^aHadikumo, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Strive ye to be before six things with [good] works; Antichrist, and such and such things, and the event of death which is specially, or peculiarly, appointed to any one of you: [or, I would rather say, the awful special awaiter of any one of you; though it is asserted that] the diminutive form is here used to denote low estimation of that which it signifies in comparison with what follows it, namely, the resurrection, &c. (TA.) : see xaAS~N, last sentence but one. xSb : see 4. , inf. n. taxoSiybN, It rendered fruitful; it fecundated: so in the present day: see an instance voce baAqil~aY.] , (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. A_ixoSaAbN; (TA;) [and some add xiSobN, as another inf. n.; but ISd holds this to be a simple subst.; (see 4 in art. ryf;)] and ↓ xaSiba, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ; (Msb, K;) and ↓ xaSaba, aor. , inf. n. xiSobN; (K;) It (a place) abounded, or became abundant, with herbage [or with the produce of the earth], and with the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; (A, K;) [was, or became, fruitful;] had increase; had plenty, or abundance; (Msb;) [contr. of A^ajodaba and jadiba or jadaba and jaduba:] and AxSbt AlA^aroDu [the land, or earth, abounded, or became abundant, with herbage &c.]. (JK, S.) A_ixoSaAbN and ↓ AixotiSaAbN are both from AlxiSobu [but the precise meaning of the latter is not explained]. (Lth, JK, TA.) In the saying of the rájiz, laqado xa$iytu A^ano A^araY jadib~aA fiY EaAminaA *aA baEoda A^ano A^axoSab~aA [Verily I feared to see drought, or barrenness, or dearth, in this our year, after it had been abundant in herbage &c.], A^axoSab~aA is put for A^axoSabaA: but accord. to one reading, it is ↓ AixoSab~aA, of the measure AifoEal~a, though this is generally employed for colours; and the incipient A is rendered disjunctive of necessity, for the sake of the metre. (L. [Respecting jidab~aA, see jadobN.]) You say also, AxSb janaAbu Alqawomi, meaning The tract surrounding the people [became abundant with herbage &c.]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- AxSbwA They attained, obtained, had, or became in the condition of having, abundance of herbage [or of the produce of the earth], and of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life. (S, * K.) [They became in the condition of persons whose food and milk, and the pasture of whose land, were abundant. (See the part. n., muxoSibN, below.)] And AxSbt Al$~aApu The ewe, or she-goat, obtained abundance of herbage. (TA.) -A2- AxSb A@ll~`hu AlmawoDiEi God caused the place to produce herbs and pasture. (Msb.) -A3- AxSbt AlEiDaAhu, mentioned as on the authority of Lth, [and in the K,] is, accord. to Az, a gross mistranscription, for AxSbt [q. v.]. (TA.) see 1. see 1. : see xaSobapN, in two places. Abundance of herbage [or of the produce of the earth], and of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; (A, K;) contr. of jadobN; (JK, S, Msb;) [fruitfulness;] increase; plenty, or abundance; (Msb:) abundance of good, or of good things: (K:) [abundant herbage, and the like:] truffles are included in the term xiSobN; and also locusts, when they come after the herbage has dried up and the people are secure from being injured by them. (AHn.) -A2- baladN xiSobN and A^axoSaAbN, (S, K,) like baladN sabosabN and sabaAsibu &c., the sing. being used [in bld AxSAb] as a pl., as though made to consist of parts, or portions, [each termed xiSobN,] (S, TA,) A country, or region, abounding with herbage [or with the produce of the earth], or with the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; [fruitful; or plentiful;] (S, * K;) as also ↓ muxoSibN (S, * A, Msb, * K) and ↓ xaSiybN (S, * A, K) and ↓ xaSibN. (A, Msb. *) And A^aroDN xaSibN and ↓ xaSiybapN, (AHn, TA,) and A^aroDuwna xiSobN [because xiSobN is originally an inf. n.] and xiSobapN and ↓ xaSobapN, which last word is either an inf. n. used as an epithet, or a contraction of ↓ xaSibapN, (K,) A land, and lands, abounding with herbage &c. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And Eayo$N xiSobN and ↓ muxoSibN [A life of abundance or plenty]. (TA.) ; and its fem., with p: see xiSobN, in two places. : see xiSobN. ― -b2- Also, [app. as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] A palm-tree having much fruit: pl. xiSaAbN (S, K) and ↓ xaSobN: (K, TA:) or xaSobN [is properly a coll. gen. n., and] signifies palm-trees [absolutely:] (K:) and xaSobapN signifies a palmtree of the kind called naxolapu Ald~aqali, in the dial. of the people of El-Bahreyn, (Az, TA,) or of Nejd; (TA;) and its pl. is xiSaAbN. (Az, TA.) ― -b3- It is said that ↓ xaSobN signifies also The spadix of the palm-tree: so in the K: and accord. to Lth, xaSobapN signifies a single spadix of a palm-tree: but [it is probably a mistranscription for xaDobapN, with the pointed D:] Az says that he who assigns to it this meaning errs. (TA.) ; and its fem., with p: see xinoSbN, in two places. ― -b2- rajulN xaSiybN A man abounding with good, or with good things; (K;) i. e., whose abode abounds therewith; (TA;) as also xaSiybu Alr~aHoli (A, TA) and xaSiybu AljanaAbi: (TA:) or this last means one whose region, or quarter, is xaSiyb: (S:) or it is tropical, (A in art. jnb,) as is also the expression immediately preceding, (A in the present art.,) and means (tropical:) Generous or bountiful [or hospitable]. (A in art. jnb.) [ More, and most, abundant with herbage &c.] : see xiSobN, in two places. ― -b2- qawomN muxoSibuwna A people, or party, whose food and with, and the pasture of whose land, have become abundant. (TA.) [so in the TA, either maxoSabapN (like maboqalapN &c.) or muxoSibapN,] A land (A^aroDN) abounding with pasture or herbage. (TA.) (K) A country, or region, scarcely ever, or never, sterile, barren, unfruitful, or afflicted with dearth or scarcity or drought. (TA.) ― -b2- And qawomN maxaASiybu [A people, or party, scarcely ever, or never, without abundance of herbage &c.]. (TA in art. rtE.) xSr , (S, A,) aor. , inf. n. xaSarN, (TK,) It (a day) was, or became, intensely cold. (S, A.) He (a man) suffered pain from the cold in his extremities. (S.) And xaSirato yadiY, (S, TA,) and A^anaAmiliY, (TA,) My arm, or hand, and my fingers' ends, were pained by the cold. (S, * TA.) [an inf. n. of which the verb, if it have one, is xuS~ira]: see muxaS~arN. , (A,) inf. n. muxaASarapN, (TA,) He laid hold upon the woman's xaASirap [or flank], (A,) or put his hand to her xaSor [or waist], (TA,) in compressing her. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And xASrhu He took his hand in walking, or walked with him hand in hand, (S, A, IAth, K,) so that the hand of each was by the waist (xaSor) of the other: (IAth:) and, (so in the S, but in the K “ or, ”) inf. n. as above, (S,) he took a different way from his (another's) until he met him in a place: (S, K:) mxASrp as the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is syn. with muxaAzamapN: (S:) or xASrhu signifies he walked with him, and then parted from him, and so continued until he met him at a time, or place, at which they had not appointed to meet: (IAar:) or he walked by his side. (K.) It (cold) pained a man's arms, or hands, and his fingers' ends. (A, * TA.) see 8, in the first sentence: -A2- and again, in the last two sentences. : see 8. ― -b2- txASrwA They took one another by the hand in walking, or walked together hand in hand [so that the hand of each was by the waist (xaSor) of another: see 3]. (S, K. *) (A, Mgh, L, Msb, K) and ↓ txS~r, (Mgh, Msb, K,) or ↓ txASr, (A, L,) He put his hand upon his xaSor [or waist], (A, Mgh, L, Msb,) or upon his xaASirap [or flank], (Mgh, K,) in prayer. (Mgh, L, Msb.) The doing this in prayer [except in the night, when tired, (see AlmutaxaS~iruwna,)] is forbidden, or disapproved. (Mgh, TA.) -A2- AxtSr AlT~ariyqa He went the nearest way. (S, A, Msb, K.) ― -b2- And hence, (Msb, TA,) AxtSr AlkalaAma (tropical:) He abridged the language, or the discourse; syn. A^awojazahu: (S, A, K:) [and in like manner, AlkitaAba the book, or writing:] or, accord. to some, the latter (Awjzhu) signifies “ he expressed its correct meaning concisely, without regard to the original words; ” and the former, he curtailed its words, preserving the meaning: (MF:) or properly, he abridged the expressions, making the words fewer, but preserving the entire meaning: (Msb:) or he abridged the language by omitting superfluities, and choosing from it concise expressions which conveyed the meaning. (L.) [You say, AxtSrhu EalaY Alr~uboEi (assumed tropical:) He reduced it by abridgment to the fourth of its original bulk.] And AxtSr Als~ajodapa (assumed tropical:) He recited the chapter in which a prostration should be performed, omitting the verse requiring prostration, in order that he might not prostrate himself: or he recited only the verse requiring a prostration, to prostrate himself in so doing: both which practices are forbidden. (T, * Mgh, * Msb, * K.) And the verb alone (assumed tropical:) He recited a verse, or two verses, of the last part of the chapter, in prayer; (K;) not the whole chapter. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, the verb alone, He curtailed a thing of its superfluities, (K,) in a general sense. (TA.) ― -b4- And AxtSr fiY Aljaz~i, (JK, K, TA,) in some copies of the K fiY AlHaz~i, with H, (TA,) or AxtSr Aljaz~a, (A,) He did not extirpate in cutting; did not cut off entirely, or utterly: (A, K:) or he extirpated in cutting; cut off utterly. (JK.) -A3- AxtSr also signifies He took a mixoSarap [in his hand]: (S, * K:) and bihaA ↓ txS~r he took it in his hand; namely, a mxSrp: (Har p. 122:) or the former, he leaned upon it in walking: (TA:) or he took a mxSrp or a staff in his hand, to lean upon it. (Mgh.) You say also, AxtSr AlEanazapa [He took in his hand the Enzp: or he leaned upon the Enzp in walking]: it is a thing [i. e. a kind of staff, or short spear,] like the Euk~aAzap: and in like manner, ↓ txS~r; as in the L &c.: (TA:) and AxtSr biAlEaSaA He leaned upon the staff in walking. (A.) The middle, or waist, of a man or woman: (S, A, Msb, K;) i. e. the slender part above the hips or haunches: (Msb:) pl. xuSuwrN. (A, K.) See also AlxaASirapu, in two places. ― -b2- (tropical:) The hollow part of the sole of the foot, which does not touch the ground: (A, K:) pl. as above. (K.) ― -b3- (tropical:) The narrow part of a sandal, before the A^u*unaAni [which are the two loops whereto is attached the strap that passes behind the wearer's heel]: (TA:) or xaSoraAni [the dual] signifies the narrow part of a sandal. (IAar, TA.) ― -b4- (tropical:) The part which is between the base of the notch and the feathers of an arrow: (AHn, A, * K:) pl. as above. (K.) ― -b5- (tropical:) A way between the upper and lower parts of a heap of sand; (K, TA:) or (tropical:) the lower part of a heap of sand; the thin part thereof; as also ↓ muxaS~arN: (A, TA:) pl. as above. (K.) ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) The place of the buyuwt [or tents] of the Arabs of the desert: (K:) or, as some say, of such bywt, a clean place: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) Cold (S, K) which a man feels in his extremities. (TA.) , applied to a day, Painfully cold. (A, TA.) ― -b2- Cold, as an epithet, (S, K,) applied to water, (S,) and to anything. (TA.) ― -b3- A man feeling cold [especially in his extremities: see 1]: to signify cold and hungry, the epithet xariSN is used. (A 'Obeyd.) ― -b4- vagorN xaSirN [A mouth, or front teeth,] cold, or cool, in the place that is hissed. (A, TA. [See also muxaS~arN.]) , (K, TA,) in some copies of the K xuSayoriY~N, (TA,) [but the former is shown to be the right reading by a verse cited in the TA,] The curtailment of the superfluities of a thing; like AixotiSaArN. (K, * TA.) [The flank; i. e. each of the ilia;] i. q. Al$~aAkilapu; (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán; ” S, K;) i. e. the TafoTafap [or quivering flesh] of the side, that reaches to the extremities of the ribs: (Zj, ibid.:) and [so in the K, but more properly “ or, ”] AlxaASirapu, (K,) or AlxaASiraAtaAni (JK, TA) and ↓ AlxaSoraAni, (TA,) what is between the Haroqafap [or crest of the hip] and the lowest rib; (JK, K, TA;) i. e. the part from which retires each of the lowest ribs, and in advance of which projects each of the HajabataAni: [explained by the words mA qlS Enh AlquSayorayaAni wtqd~m mn AlHjbtyn: but for mn AlHjbtyn, I read minohu AlHajabataAni; referring, for corroboration, to explanations of this last word; and therefore I have rendered the passage as above: the meaning seems evidently to be the part between the lowest rib and the crest of the hip, on each side:] the thin skin which is above the xaSor is called the TafoTafap: so in the M, agreeably with the saying of Ibn-El-Ajdábee, that ↓ AlxaSoru and AlxaASirapu are syn.; i. e., in this sense: [this assertion, however, requires consideration; for all the explanations of AlxASrp are easily reconcileable:] pl. xawaASiru [which is also used in the sense of the sing. or dual]. (TA.) You say rajulN Daxomu AlxawASiri [A man large in the flank or flanks]: and Lh mentions the phrase A_in~ahaA lamunotafixapu AlxawaSiri [Verily she is inflated, or swollen, in the flank or flanks]; as though the term xASrp were applicable to every portion [of the flank]. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A pain in the xaASirap [or flank]: or in the kidneys. (TA.) ― -b3- And it is also said to signify A certain vein (Eiroq) in the kidney, which occasions pain to the person when it is in motion. (TA.) : see art xnSr. [Shorter: and shortest]. You say, h`*aA A^axoSaru mino *aAka This [road] is shorter than that. (A.) But this is irregular; A^axoSaru being formed from AuxotuSira, a verb of more than three letters. (I' Ak p. 237.) A thing like a whip: and anything that a man takes (yaxotaSiru) with his hand, and holds, such as a staff and the like: (S:) a thing which a man takes in his hand, and upon which he leans, such as a staff and the like: (K, * TA:) a rod [or sceptre] which a king used to take in his hand, with which he made signs, or pointed, in holding a discourse, or addressing, (A, K, *) and accompanied what he said, (A,) and in like manner the xaTiyb in reciting a xuTobap: (K, * TA:) it was one of the insignia of kings: (TA:) a rod, or what is termed Eanazap, or the like, with which the xaTiyb makes signs, or points, in addressing the people: (Msb:) a thing which a man holds in his hand, such as any of the things termed EaSFA and miqoraEapN and EanazapN and Euk~aAzapN and qaDiybN, or the like; and upon which he sometimes leans: (A 'Obeyd:) pl. maxaASiru. (S, TA.) , applied to a man, (TA,) Slender (K, TA) in the waist: (TA:) lean, or lank in the belly: (K:) or, in the xaASirap [or flank]: (TA:) and AlbaToni ↓ maxoSuwrN is also applied to a man [as meaning lank in the belly]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- ka$oHN muxaS~arN A thin [flank or rather waist: see a verse of Imra-el-Keys cited voce mu*al~alN]. (S, A, K.) ― -b3- qadamN muxaS~arapN (JK, A, TA) and ↓ maxoSuwrapN (JK, TA) (tropical:) [A foot that touches the ground with its fore part and heel; the middle of the sole being hollow and narrow: this meaning, or a meaning similar to that of yadN muxaS~arapN explained below, seems to be indicated in the TA: the latter is the meaning accord. to the JK; but this [ think doubtful, on account of what here follows]. muxaS~aru Alqadamayoni means (tropical:) A man whose feet touch the ground with the fore part and the heel; the middle of the sole being hollow and narrow: (S, K:) and you say also ↓ maxoSuwru Alqadamayoni. (A, TA.) ― -b4- yadN muxaS~arapN, or ↓ maxoSuwrapN, (as in different copies of the K,) or both, (TA,) (tropical:) An arm, or a hand, in the wrist of which is what is termed ↓ taxoSiyrN, as though it were bound: or which has an encircling groove-like depression. (K, TA.) ― -b5- naEolN muxaS~arapN (tropical:) A sandal narrow in the middle. (S, * A, * K, TA.) ― -b6- See also xaSorN. -A2- vagorN baAridu AlmuxaS~ari [A mouth, or front teeth,] cold, or cool, in the place that is kissed. (TA. [See also xaSirN.]) A man having a complaint of, or a pain in, his xaSor [or waist], or his xaASirap [or flank]. (TA.) ― -b2- See also the next preceding paragraph, in four places. pl. of mixoSarapN. (S, TA.) -A2- maxaASiru AlT~ariyqi The nearest roads or ways; (K;) as also ↓ AlmuxotaSaraAtu: (TA:) or muxotaSiraAtu AlT~uruqi signifies The roads, or ways, that are near, notwithstanding their ruggedness, but not so easy as those that are longer. (L.) , or muxotaSiraAtu AlT~uruqi: see the paragraph next preceding. , (K,) or AlmutaxaS~iruwna fiY AlS~alaApi, (Mgh,) Those who, in praying in the night, becoming tired thereby, put their hands upon their xawaASir [or flanks]: of such it is said (in a trad., IAth, K) that light shall be [seen] on their faces (IAth, Mgh, K) on the day of resurrection: (IAth, K:) [in other cases, this action is forbidden, or disapproved: see 8:] or, in the instance mentioned above, it may mean those who shall rest upon their righteous works on the day of resurrection: (IAth, Mgh, TA:) this latter is apparently the right meaning: otherwise, two trads. contradict each other. (MF.) xSf [inf. n. of xaSafa] signifies The act of adjoining, and putting together. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (TA,) xaSafa, (S, Msb, K, TA,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xaSofN, (Msb,) He sewed a sole (S, K, TA) [so as to make it double], covering, or facing, one piece with another: (TA:) or he patched a sole; mended it by sewing on another piece. (Msb.) And He made anything double, putting one piece upon another; he faced it. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence,] xaSafa EalaY nafosihi, (JK,) or xaSafa Alwaraqa EalaY badanihi, (S, * K,) aor. as above, (S, TA,) and so the inf. n.; (TA;) and ↓ AxtSf; (S, K;) and ↓ AxSf; (K;) and ↓ xS~f, inf. n. taxoSiyfN; (TA;) (tropical:) He stuck [or sewed] the leaves together, one to another, (S, K, * TA,) and covered his person with them, leaf by leaf, (K,) to conceal therewith his pudenda: (S, TA:) or the first phrase, (JK,) as also ↓ AxtSf, (Lth, JK,) signifies he (a naked man) put upon his pudenda wide leaves, (Lth, JK,) or the like: (Lth:) you say, bika*aA ↓ AxtSf [he covered his pudenda with such a thing]. (Lth, JK.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 21 and xx. 119], waTafiqaA yaxoSifaAni EalayohimaA mino waraqi Aljan~api; and ↓ yaxiS~ifaAni, originally yaxotaSifaAni, by some pronounced ↓ yaxaS~ifaAni, (S, TA,) and by some, ↓ yaxoS~ifaAni, with two quiescent letters together; (TA; [but this appears to be incorrect; see 8 in art. xSm;]) and ↓ yuxoSifaAni, from A^axoSafa; and ↓ yuxaS~ifaAni, from xaS~afa; (Ksh and Bd in vii. 21, and TA;) thus accord. to different readings; i. e. (tropical:) And they betook themselves to sticking [or sewing] together, one to another, of the leaves of Paradise, to conceal therewith their pudenda. (S, TA.) And hence, also, the saying, in a trad., A_i*aA daxala A^aHadukumu AlHam~aAma faEalayohi biAln~a$iyri ↓ walaA yuxaS~ifo, i. e. (tropical:) [When any one of you enters the bath,] let him take the waist-wrapper, and not put his hand upon his pudendum: and like this in meaning is txS~fh [app. a mistranscription for ↓ yataxaS~afu, or ↓ yaxiS~ifu or the like, for yaxotaSifu: if not, it must be ↓ taxaS~afahu, meaning he put his hand upon it]. (TA.) ― -b4- [Hence also the saying,] famaA zaAluwA yaxoSifuwna A^axofaAfa AlmaTiY~i biHawaAfiri Alxayoli Hat~aY liHiquwhumo (tropical:) And they ceased not to make the prints of the feet of the camels to be covered by the prints of the hoofs of the horses [until they overtook them]; as though they sewed these upon the others, like as one sews a sole by covering, or facing, one piece with another. (TA.) ― -b5- And xuSifati Alkatiybapu mino waraAy^ihaA bixayolK, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [The body of troops] was followed [by horsemen]. (S.) ― -b6- And xaSafa, aor. , inf. n. xaSofN, (assumed tropical:) He lied. (Munjid of Kr. [See xaS~aAfN.]) ― -b7- And xaSafotu fulaAnFA (tropical:) I exceeded such a one in reviling [as though adding reviling upon reviling]. (TA.) -A2- xaSafato, (AZ, S, K,) aor. , (AZ, S,) inf. n. xiSaAfN, said of a she-camel, She cast her young one in the ninth month: (AZ, S, K:) the epithet applied to her in this case is ↓ xaSuwfN: (AZ, S:) or, as some say, (S,) this epithet signifies one that brings forth a year and a month, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) in [some of] the copies of the K a year and two months, which is wrong, (TA,) after the time when she was covered: (S, K:) jaruwrN is applied to one that brings forth a year and two months after that time: (S, TA:) or ↓ the former epithet signifies one that brings forth on the completion of the year: (IAar, TA:) or one of the camels termed maraAbiyE [pl. of mirobaAEN q. v.] that brings forth at the completion of the year; or one of such camels that brings forth when she comes to the time of the year in which she was covered, completely: (TA:) and ↓ AxtSft signifies she (a camel) became such as is termed xaSuwf. (JK, TA.) see 1, in three places. ― -b2- [From the primary signification of the verb is derived the phrase,] xaS~afahu Al$~ayobu, inf. n. taxoSiyfN, (tropical:) Hoariness rendered his hair white and black in equal proportions; (IAar, * K, * TA;) syn. with xaw~aSahu, inf. n. taxowiySN; and vaq~aba fiyhi, inf. n. tavoquybN. (IAar.) And xaS~afa Al$~ayobu lim~atahu (tropical:) Hoariness rendered ↓ xaSiyf [i. e. white and black] his lm~p [or hair hanging down below his ears]. (A, TA.) see 1, in two places. see 1, in two places. , and three variations of the aor.: see 1, in seven places: -A2- and AxtSf said of a she-camel: see 1, last sentence. A sole having another sole sewed upon it; (S, K;) and so ↓ naEolN xaSiyfN, (S, * TA,) i. q. ↓ maxoSuwfapN. (K.) (assumed tropical:) A mixed colour, black and white. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.) -A2- See also xaSafapN, in two places. -A3- Also a dial. var. of xazafN [q. v.]. (Lth, TA.) Any sole, or matching piece, that is sewed upon a sole [so as to make it double]; (JK, S, K;) as also ↓ xaSiyfapN. (S; * and K voce TiraAqN.) A puncture, or stitch-hole, in a skin; syn. xurozapN. (K.) ― -b2- And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) The anus, or orifice of the rectum: and (assumed tropical:) the orifice of the vagina. (TA voce xurobapN.) A receptacle for dates, such as is termed jul~ap, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) made of palm-leaves; (S, K;) wherein they are stored: of the dial. of El-Bahreyn: (TA:) and a mat upon which A^aqiT &c. are put to dry: (TA in art. $r:) and [it is said to signify] a very thick kind of cloth: (Lth, K:) pl. ↓ xaSafN, (S, K,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the pl. properly speaking is] xiSaAfN: (S, Msb, K:) Lth says that a certain Tubba' [a king of El-Yemen] clothed the House [i. e. the Kaabeh] with ↓ xaSaf, meaning very thick cloths; so called as being likened to the xaSaf of woven palm-leaves: but Az says that this is wrong; and that it means pieces of matting made of palm-leaves woven together, oblong pieces of which were used as coverings for the tents of the Arabs of the desert, and sometimes made into jilaAl [pl. of jul~apN] for dates: (TA:) ↓ xuS~aAfN, also, signifies a piece of matting of palm-leaves; and its pl. is xaSaASiyfu. (JK.) : see 1, last sentence, in two places. Applied to a woman, One who brings forth in the ninth [month], not entering upon the tenth. (TA.) : see xaSofN. ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A thing in which are united any two colours. (S, TA.) See also 2. And see A^axoSafu in two places. [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Ashes; (K;) because there are two colours therein, blackness and whiteness: but one says more commonly ramaAdN xaSiyfN, using the latter word as an epithet. (TA.) And katiybapN xaSiyfN, (S,) or ktybp xaSiyfapN, (K,) (assumed tropical:) [A body of troops] having two colours, (K,) having the colour of iron (S, K) and another colour: (K:) or so called because of the rust of the iron &c.: (L:) or the former phrase means, as some say, followed by horsemen; and therefore the epithet is without p, because it has the signification of a pass. part. n.: for were it to denote the colour of the iron, they had said xaSiyfapN, because it would in this latter case have the signification of an act. part. n. (S.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) Fresh milk upon which is poured raAy^ib [i.e. curdled, or thick, or churned, milk]: (S, K:) if dates and clarified butter are put into it, it is [termed] EawobavaAniY~N. (S.) [fem. of xaSiyfN, q. v. ― -b2- And also a simple subst.]: see xaSofapN. One who sews soles [so as to make them double, covering, or facing, one piece with another: see 1]: (Kr, K:) or one who patches soles; who mends them by sewing on other pieces. (Msb.) ― -b2- (tropical:) One who covers his pudendum with his hand: on the authority of Seer. (TA. [See 1.]) ― -b3- (tropical:) A liar: (Kr, K, TA:) as though he sewed one saying upon another, and [thus] embellished it. (TA.) : see xaSafapN. (assumed tropical:) Of a colour like that of ashes, in which are blackness and whiteness; (JK, S;) as also ↓ xaSiyfN. (JK.) In this sense, (TA,) applied to a mountain, (S, K,) as also ↓ xaSiyfN, (TA,) and to a male ostrich, meaning (assumed tropical:) In which are blackness and whiteness: (S, K:) fem. xaSofaA='u. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A rope, or cord, of two colours, having one strand black and another strand white. (JK.) (assumed tropical:) A horse, and a sheep, white in the flanks; (S, K:) the rest being of any colour: and sometimes in one side: (TA:) or whose balaq [or blackness and whiteness] extends from his belly to his sides: (S, TA:) or a horse white in the side. (Mgh.) The awl; or instrument for boring, or perforating; (JK, TA;) use in the sewing of soles [and the like;] (JK;) i. q. A_i$ofFY [q. v.]: (S, Msb, TA:) [pl. maxaASifu.] , applied to a sole: see xaSofN. ― -b2- Applied to a ewe or she-goat, (assumed tropical:) Smooth: or of two colours, black and white: (K, TA:) so in the O. (TA.) xSl , (K,) inf. n. xaSolN, (TA,) He cut, or cut off, a thing; (K;) as also qaSala. (TA.) [Accord. to the TA, this is the proper, or primary signification.] ― -b2- xaSalahumo, [aor., accord. to rule, ,] inf. n. xaSolN and xiSaAlN, He overcame them, or surpassed them, in shooting. (S, K. [In the CK, faDalahumo is erroneously put for naDlahumo.]) See also 3. , inf. n. taxoSiylN, He cut it, or divided it, in pieces. (M, K.) ― -b2- xS~l Al$ajara, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He lopped the branches of the trees: (K, TA:) or taxoSiylN signifies the cutting off slender extremities and branches from the [species of mimosa called] EurofuT, in the interior parts thereof. (JK.) ― -b3- xS~l AlbaEiyra He cut off, for the camel, the xuSolap, (K,) i. e. the soft and tender branch of a tree. (TA.) ↓ xaASalotuhumo faxaSalotuhumo, inf. n. of the former muxaASalapN, I vied, competed, or contended for superiority, with them in shooting, and I overcame them, or surpassed them, therein. (TA.) He (a shooter) hit the target: (K, TA:) or made his arrow to fall close by the side of the target. (JK, K.) They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, in shooting: (Az, TA:) or they contended together for stakes, or wagers, laid by them to be taken by the winner in shooting. (S, K.) A stake, or wager, laid in a shootingmatch. (S, TA.) One says, A^aHozara xaSolahu and A^aSaAba xaSolahu [He won his stake, or wager;] he overcame (S, K, TA) in the case of laying stakes or wagers [in a shooting-match]. (TA.) ― -b2- And A thing for which persons contend together in a game of hazard. (Har p. 640.) ― -b3- See also xaSolapN, in two places. [One who overcomes much, or often, in shooting-matches: occurring in the Deewán of the Hudhalees: expl. by Freytag as meaning multum vincens in ludo alearum]. i. q. xal~apN: (S, K:) i. e. A property, quality, nature, or disposition: and a habit, or custom: (KL, PS, TK:) [and a practice, or an action: it is used in these various senses in different trads.: in one trad., avarice is termed a xaSolap; and so is evilness of nature: in another, fasting, and praying: in another, the inflicting of castigation, and the executing of retaliation, in a mosque:] it signifies an excellent quality or the like; and a low, base, or mean, quality or the like; (K, TA;) in a man: (TA:) or its predominant application is to an excellent quality or the like: (K:) so in the M: (TA:) [it is said that] it is used only in commendation; whereas xal~apN is used in relation to good and evil: (Ham p. 525:) [but this is a mistake, as I have shown above:] accord. to Az, it signifies the states, or conditions, of things or affairs: (TA:) [or this is a signification of the pl.:] the pl. is xiSaAlN (K) and xaSalaAtN; (TA;) [and ↓ xaSaAy^ilu is a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of xiSaAlN, with which it is explained in the KL as syn.: see an ex. in a verse cited voce dafiy^N.] -A2- A hitting of the target; (K;) in shooting: (TA:) or, (K,) as also ↓ xaSolN, (JK, K,) in a shooting-match, (JK,) it is [a shot] in the case in which the arrow goes close by the target: (JK, K: *) thus accord. to Lth, who says that the former explanation is erroneous; (TA;) [as appears also from the assertion that] what are termed xaSolataAni, in a shooting-match, are reckoned as equivalent to a shot that goes right to the target. (T, K, TA.) ― -b2- And accord. to Sgh, A single act of overcoming in a shooting-match. (TA.) -A3- Also, and ↓ xuSolapN, A raceme, or bunch, of grapes or the like; syn. EunoquwdN. (K.) ― -b2- And (both words) A stick, branch, or twig, (EuwdN,) in which are thorns. (K.) ― -b3- And xaSolapN and ↓ xaSalapN, or this latter only, The extremity of a fresh, pliant, soft, or tender, twig, or rod: (K, * TA:) and (some say, TA) a soft and tender twig or rod, of the [species of mimosa called] EurofuT: (K, TA:) and ↓ xaSolN [of which xaSolapN is the n. un.] signifies the slender extremities and branches of the EurofuT: (JK:) and ↓ xuSolapN, a soft and tender branch of any tree: (T, TA:) and [its pl.] xuSalN, the pendent extremities of trees. (S, TA.) A lafiyfap, (S,) [i. e.] a lock, or flock, (PS,) or a plexus, (KL,) or a quantity collected [or hanging] together, (K,) of hair, (S, K, KL, PS,) and of wool, (PS, and S and K in art. jz,) &c.: (PS:) or a small quantity of hair; as also ↓ xaSiylapN, (K,) as in the M: pl. xuSalN. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xaSolapN, in two places. ― -b3- Also A portion of flesh forming a distinct limb or member or organ (EuDowN mina All~aHomi). (K.) : see xaSolapN. : see xaSiylapN, in two places. -A2- Also Overcome [in a shooting-match, or] in a contest for stakes or wagers. (JK, K.) -A3- And A tail; (K, TA;) as, for instance, of a [wild] bull. (TA.) a dial. var. of HuSaAlapN, (JK, K, TA,) meaning The remains of wheat in the sieve, after the sifting, with what are mixed therewith: but the latter word is the more known. (JK, TA.) A piece, or portion, of flesh, (M, K,) small or large: (M, TA:) or the flesh of the thighs and of the upper arms and of the fore arms: (K:) or any portion of flesh, by itself, of the flesh of the thighs and of the upper arms (JK, T, S, TA) and of the shanks and of the fore arms: (JK, T, TA:) or the portion of flesh of the thigh: (TA:) or any compact and long portion of flesh, in the arm or elsewhere; also called xabiybapN: (AO, TA in art. xb:) or (K, TA, but in the CK “ and ”) [any muscle, of those that are termed voluntary muscles; as also EaDalapN and EaDiylapN; i. e.] any tendon, or sinew, upon which is thick flesh: (K:) or any portion of flesh that is oblong, and intermixed with tendons, or sinews: (O, TA:) or, as some say, the TafoTafap [or flank, &c.]: (TA:) pl. ↓ xSiylu [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.] and [the pl. is] xaSaAy^ilu. (K.) A certain person has described a horse as being saboTu ↓ AlxaSiyli [app. meaning Lank in the muscles; or long and even therein]: and sometimes xaSaAy^il is used in relation to a man. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xuSolapN. -A2- And for the pl. xaSaAy^ilu see also xaSolapN. A very sharp sword (JK, S, K) &c.: (M:) a dial. var. of miqoSalN. (S.) mixoDalN is said by A 'Obeyd to be a mistranscription for mixoSalN; but AHei and others authorise it. (TA.) A minojal [or reaping-hook]: (K:) or an instrument with which the branches of trees are lopped, (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, TA,) like the faA^os. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) xSm , aor. , [inf. n., app., xaSamN,] He contended in an altercation, disputed, or litigated, in a valid, or sound, manner. (Msb.) ― -b2- See also 3: ― -b3- and 8. , inf. n. muxaASamapN (S, Msb, K) and xiSaAmN (S, Msb) and [quasi-inf. n.] xuSuwmapN, (K,) the last said in the S to be a simple subst., (TA,) He contended with him in an altercation, disputed with him, or litigated with him; (K, TA;) i. q. naAzaEahu: (Mgh and Msb and K in art. nzE:) accord. to El-Harállee, AlxiSaAmu signifies the saying which the listener is made to hear, and which is made to enter his ear-hole, such as may cause him to refrain, or desist, from his assertion, and his plea, or claim. (TA.) You say, xaASamotuhu ↓ faxaSamotuhu, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) aor. of the latter A^axoSimuhu, with kesr, (S, K, *) or A^axoSumuhu, with damm, (Mgh, Msb,) or not with damm, (S,) or both these forms of the aor. are used, accord. to AHei; the latter agreeable with analogy; (MF;) the former anomalous; for the regular aor. of an unaugmented sound verb in a case of this kind is with damm, (S, K,) as in the instance of EaAlamotuhu faEalamotuhu, aor. A^aEolumuhu; (S;) if it has not a faucial letter (S, K) for its medial radical, (K,) in which case it is with fet-h, as in the instance of faAxarotuhu fafaxarotuhu, aor. A^afoxaruhu, (S, K,) accord. to the opinion of Ks, but this is contr. to the opinion generally held: (MF:) the inf. n. of xaSamotuhu is xaSomN: (S, * TA:) and the meaning is, [I contended with him in an altercation, or I disputed, or litigated, with him, and] I overcame him in the altercation, &c. (Mgh, Msb.) -A2- xASmhu also signifies He put it in, or by, the xuSom, i. e. edge, or side, of the bed. (TA.) He dictated to him his plea against his adversary in an altercation or a dispute or litigation, (JK, TA,) whereby he might overcome the latter. (JK.) see the next paragraph, in two places. They contended in altercation, disputed, or litigated, one with another; (Msb, TA;) i. q. ↓ txASmwA; (S, K, TA;) both signifying as above. (TA.) He who reads yaxaS~imuwna [in the Kur xxxvi. 49] means yaxotaSimuwna; changing the t into S, and incorporating [it into the other S], and transferring its vowel to the x: some read yaxiS~imuwna, without transferring that vowel; (S, K;) because a quiescent letter, when it is made movent, is [regularly] made so with kesr: (S:) AA slurred the vowel of the x: the pronunciation [yaxoS~imuwna] with two quiescent letters together is incorrect: (S, K:) Hamzeh read ↓ yaxoSimuwna, (S,) i. e., with the x quiescent and with kesr to the S. (TA.) ― -b2- AixotaSamaA A_ilayohi They two applied to him for the decision of a cause, each of them claiming the right. (TA in art. qmT.) And A_ilayohi ↓ tuxuwSima [An application was made to him by litigants for the decision of a cause]. (Mgh in art. dlw.) -A2- Als~ayofu yaxotaSimu jafonahu, said by J to signify The sword cuts (lit. eats) its scabbard, by reason of its sharpness, is a mistake; the verb being correctly with D, (K, * TA,) dotted. (TA.) An adversary in contention or altercation, in dispute, or in litigation; an antagonist; a litigant: (JK, K, TA:) as also ↓ xaSiymN: (JK, S, K, TA:) the former is used alike as masc. and fem. (S, Msb, K) and sing. (JK, S, Msb, K) and dual (Msb, K) and pl.; (JK, S, Msb, K;) because it is originally an inf. n.: (S, TA:) [see an ex. of its use in a pl. sense in a verse cited voce janafN:] but it also has the dual form, xaSomaAni; (S, Msb;) and the pl. xuSuwmN (JK, S, Msb, K) and xiSaAmN (Msb) and perhaps A^axoSaAmN, [which is a pl. of pauc.,] or this may be pl. of xaSimN: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ xaSiymN is xuSamaA='u (JK, S, K) and xuSomaAnN. (K.) The side (S, K) of anything; (S, TA;) as, for instance, of a load such as is called Eidol; (S;) and of a bed; and the edge thereof: (TA:) written by Aboo-Moosà with D; but IAth says that it is correctly with S: (TA in art. xDm:) a lateral part or portion (S, K) of anything: (S:) a corner, (S, K,) as well as a side, (S,) of an Eidol, and of a receptacle, such as a xuroj or a juwaAliq or an Eayobap: (S:) and the [anterior lower] extremity of a [water-bag of the kind termed] raAwiyap, that is opposite to the EazolaA='; (JK, K, TA; [in the CK, Alz~Awiyapi and AlgazolA'i are erroneously put for Alr~aAwiyapi and AlEazolaA='i;]) the upper extremity [correctly extremities, at which are the loops whereby it is suspended upon the side of the camel,] being called the ESm [i. e. EuSom, pl. of EiSaAmN]: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axoSaAmN and [of mult.] xuSuwmN: (K:) but some say that the A^axoSaAm of the [water-bag termed] mazaAdap, and its xuSuwm, are its corners: the xuSuwm of a cloud are its sides: (TA:) and A^axoSaAmu AlEayoni signifies the part, or parts, of the eye upon which the edges of the lids close together. (S, K.) ― -b2- [Also A gap, or an intervening space: it is said in the TA that] AlA^axoSaAmu [pl. of AlxuSomu] signifies Alfrj [i. e. Alfuraju, pl. of Alfurojapu: and it is added,] one says, of an unsound, a corrupt, or a disordered, affair, laA yus~adu minohu xuSomN A_il~aA A@nofataHa xuSomN A=xaru (tropical:) [A gap of it will not be stopped up but another gap will open]; occurring in a trad., meaning, the state of affairs is disordered and distressing, and not to be rectified and repaired. (TA.) ― -b3- [The pl.] xuSuwmN also signifies The mouths of valleys. (JK, K.) ― -b4- And The lower parts, or stocks, syn. A^uSuwlN, (JK, K,) of [trees of the kind called] saraHaAt [pl. of saroHapN]; used in this sense by Et- Tirimmáh. (JK.) Vehement in altercation or dispute or litigation; (S, K, * TA;) as also ↓ xaSuwmN: (Ham p. 628:) [or each signifies contentious, disputatious, or litigious:] or the former, knowing, or skilled, in altercation &c., though not practising it: (IB, TA:) or valid, or sound, therein; as also ↓ xaSiymN: (Msb:) or this last signifies one who contends with another in an altercation, disputes with him, or litigates with him: (IB, TA:) the pl. of the first is xaSimuwna, (K,) occurring in the Kur xliii. 58; and perhaps A^axoSaAmN, or this may be a pl. of xaSomN. (TA.) A certain bead, or gem, or the like, used by men [as an amulet], in the K, mino Huruwzi Alr~ijaAli, but correctly, as in the M, mino xazari Alr~ijaAli, (TA,) worn on the occasion of contending in an altercation, or disputing, or litigating, or on going into the presence of the Sultán; (K, TA;) and sometimes it is beneath the gem of the man's signetring, when it is small; and it may be in his button; and sometimes they put it in the *uw^aAbap [or cord by which the hilt is occasionally attached to the guard] of the sword: (TA:) also called xaDomapN. (K and TA in art. xDm.) and see xuSuwmapN. : see xuSuwmapN. : see xaSimN. : see xaSomN, in two places; and xaSimN. Contention or altercation; disputation; litigation; (K, TA;) a subst. from 3 (S, TA) or 8 (JK, * TA) and 6, as also ↓ xuSomapN and ↓ xuSomaAniy~apN. (TA.) faSolu AlxuSuwmapi: see art. fSl. [See also an ex. voce HukomN.] The loop of the [sack called] juwaAliq, (JK, TA,) and of the [load called] Eidol; (TA;) i. q. A^uxosuwmN; (K;) but the latter is a dial. var. of weak authority, and disapproved. (TA in art. xsm.) xSw a dial. var. of xuSoyapN, q. v. (Sh, TA.) xSY , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. yaxoSiyhi, (JK, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. xiSaA='N (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xaSaA='N, mentioned, by MF, from Expositions of the Fs, (TA,) and xaSoYN, agreeably with analogy, occurs in a trad. of Esh-Shaabee, though we have not heard it, (Mgh,) He drew forth, or extracted, his testicles; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) [he gelded, or castrated, him;] namely, a stallion, (S,) a sheep or goat, or a horse or similar beast, (Lth, JK, TA,) and a man or boy, (TA,) or a slave. (Msb.) One says, bariy^otu A_ilayoka mina AlxiSaA='i [I am irresponsible to thee for castration]. (S.) ― -b2- [Hence,] kaAna jawaAdFA faxuSiYa [lit. He was a fleet and excellent horse, and he was gelded]; meaning (tropical:) he was rich, and he became poor. (TA.) ― -b3- The poets term satire, and the act of overcoming, xiSaA=': one of them says, xaSayotuka yaA A@bona Hamozapa biAlqawaAfiY kamaA yuxoSaY mina AlHalaqi AlHimaAru [(tropical:) I have emasculated thee, O son of Hamzeh, with rhymes, like as the he-ass is emasculated in consequence of the disease termed Halaq; for which, it is asserted, (as is said in the TA, art. Hlq,) there is no remedy but gelding]. (IB, TA.) [as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He did away with that which rendered him like one emasculated; the A, app., having a privative property;] (tropical:) he learned one science. (Sgh, K, TA.) ― -b2- The use of A_ixoSaA='N [its inf. n.] in the sense of xiSaA='N inf. n. of xaSaY is a mistake. (Mgh.) He castrated himself; or made himself a eunuch. (KL.) Having a complaint of his xuSaY [or testicles]. (K.) ; and the dual xuSoyaAni: see xuSoyapN, in five places. : see what next follows. A testicle; (El-Umawee, S;) sing. of xuSFY; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) it is [one] of the organs of generation; (K;) well known; (Msb;) and ↓ xiSoyapN signifies the same, (S, K,) and so does ↓ xuSoYN, (Msb, K,) and ↓ xiSoYN; (K;) and xuSowapN is a dial. var., occurring in a trad., but is extr.: (Sh, TA:) accord. to some, (Msb,) the sing. is xuSoyapN [alone], (T, Msb,) of the fem. gender; (T, TA;) and the dual is ↓ xuSoyaAni, (ElUmawee, T, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) of the masc. gender, (T, TA,) without t, (El-Umawee, S, Mgh, Msb,) irreg., (El-Umawee, S, Msb,) like A^aloyaAni dual of A^aloyapN, (El-Umawee, S,) and xuSoyataAni also, (T, Mgh, K,) this latter being sometimes used, (T, Mgh,) though rarely, (MF on the authority of the Expositions of the Fs,) both mentioned by ISh: (T, TA:) AO says, I have heard xuSoyap, with damm, but I have not heard ↓ xiSoyap, with kesr; and I have heard ↓ xuSoyaAhu [as the dual], though they did not use ↓ xuSoYN as the sing.; (S;) IB, however, cites exs. of this last as a sing.: (TA:) AA says that AlxuSoyataAni signifies the two testicles; and ↓ AaxuSoyaAni, the two skins [which compose the scrotum, i. e.,] in which are the two testicles; citing an ex. in which the latter dual is used in this sense; (S;) and ISk says the like; whereas IKoot makes AlxuSoyapu to signify [the scrotum, i. e.] the skin containing the testicle. (Msb.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) An earring (quroTN) in the ear: (JK, Sgh, K:) thus called by way of comparison: (TA:) pl. xuSFY. (JK.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. Whose testicles have been drawn forth, or extracted; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) [gelded, or castrated; a eunuch;] applied to a sheep or goat, and a horse or similar beast, (TA,) and a man (S, TA) or boy, (TA,) or a slave; (Msb;) as also ↓ maxoSiY~N: (K:) pl. xiSoyaAnN (S, Mgh, K) and xiSoyapN: (S, K:) in giving it the former pl., they liken it to a subst., like ZaliymN, of which the pl. is ZilomaAnN: so says Sb; meaning that fiEolaAnN is generally the pl. of faEiylN as a subst. (TA.) One says also xaSiY~N naSiY~N; using the latter word as an imitative sequent. (Lh, TA.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) Poetry in which is no amatory effusion. (K, TA.) [act. part. n. of 1]. They say, jaA='a kaxaASiY AlEayori [lit. He came like the gelder of the ass], meaning he came ashamed: (JK, and TA in art. jwj:) and also, disappointed, or unsuccessful. (TA in that art.) The place of cutting [or gelding or castration]. (S.) : see xaSiY~N. xD , (S, O,) inf. n. xaDoxaDapN, (S, O, K,) He agitated it; moved it about; stirred it; shook it; namely, water, (S, O, K,) and the like, (S, O,) and sawiyq, and the like. (O, K.) You say also, xaDoxaDotu dalowiY fiY AlmaA='i [I agitated, or dashed about, my bucket in the water]. (O, TA.) Sakhr-el-Gheí El-Hudhalee says, describing a water to which he had come for drink, faxaDoxaDotu DufoniYa fiY jam~ihi xiyaADa AlmudaAbiri qidoHFA EaTuwfaA (O, TA,) i. e. [And I dashed about my leathern bucket in the main body thereof,] as he who is overcome in the game of el-meysir introduces among the other arrows a borrowed arrow [that comes forth winning], in the luck of which he has confidence. (TA in art. xwD.) This verb, though mentioned here, is [said to be] from xaADa, aor. yaxuwDu; not from xaD~a; therefore the poet here uses xayiAD for its inf. n. (O, TA.) You also say, jaA='ahu biAlxanojari faxaDoxaDa bihi baTonahu [He came to him with the dagger, and stirred about with it his belly]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence a meaning of the inf. n. explained in the first paragraph of art. jld.] It (water, and the like, S) became agitated, moved about, stirred, or shaken. (S, K.) xDb , (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xaDobN (S, Msb) [and accord. to MF xiDaAbN and xuDuwbN, but respecting these two inf. ns. (the latter of which seems to be peculiar to the intrans. verb xaDaba) see what follows], He coloured, or tinged, (A, K,) a thing; (S, A, * K; *) or changed it in colour to red, or yellow, &c.; (TA;) and ↓ xD~b signifies the same, [but app. in an intensive sense, or as applying to a number of objects, (see its pass. part. n. voce xaDiybN,)] (K,) inf. n. taxoDiybN: (TA:) and the former, particularly, he tinged, or dyed, his white hair, (TA,) or the hand, &c., (Msb,) with hinnà: (Msb, TA:) but when a man has dyed his hair with any other dye than hinnà, you say, Sabaga $aEarahu: (Msb, TA:) or you say also, xaDaba biAls~awaAdi [He dyed his hair with black]. (Suh, TA.) When one does not mention the hair (Msb, TA) or the white hair [&c.], (Msb,) he says xaDaba, inf. n. xiDaAbN; (IKtt, Msb;) and ↓ AxtDb, (S, IKtt, Msb, TA,) and ↓ txD~b; (A, TA;) [meaning He dyed his hair, &c.,] with hinnà, (S, IKtt, Msb, TA,) and the like: (S, TA:) and in like manner one says of a woman, xaDabato, aor. ; and ↓ AxtDb: (TA:) which last also signifies [particularly] She dyed her hands with hinnà. (T, TS, TA, in art. gms.) ― -b2- Hence, in a trad., bakaY Hat~aY xaDaba damoEuhu AlHaSaY (tropical:) He wept so that his tears wetted the pebbles: or, more probably, so that his tears became red, and dyed the pebbles: (IAth, TA:) [or most probably, so that his tears caused the pebbles to appear of a reddish colour; for such is commonly the case when pebbles are wetted.] -A2- xaDaba, aor. ; and xaDiba, aor. ; and xuDiba; inf. n. of each xuDuwbN; and ↓ AxDwDb; (tropical:) It (a tree) became green. (K, TA.) And xaDaba, inf. n. xuDuwbN, (assumed tropical:) Its small leaves came forth in the spring, and its twigs lengthened; said of the qataAd, at the commencement of its vegetation; and likewise of the Earofaj and Eawosaj; but of no other tree of the kind called EiDaAh: or said also of the EurofuT and samur; meaning (assumed tropical:) it dropped its leaves, and became red and yellow: (TA:) and you say also, xaDabati AlEiDaAhu (tropical:) the EDAh became green, and broke forth; (A;) or the sap of the EDAh flowed in their branches, and they became green; as also ↓ A^axoDabato, (TA,) for which AxSbt, with the unpointed S, is said by Az to be a gross mistranscription; explained by Lth, on whose authority it is written with S, [as also in the K in art. xSb,] as meaning the sap flowed in the branches of the EDAh so as to reach the roots. (T and TA in art. xSb.) And xaSaba Aln~axolu, (S, K,) inf. n. xaDobN, (K,) The palm-trees, (S,) or the spadices of the palm-trees, (K,) became green. (S, K.) And xaDabati AlA^aroDu, (A, K,) inf. n. xaDobN; (TA;) and ↓ AxDbt, (K,) inf. n. A_ixoDaAbN; (TA;) or ↓ AxtDbt; and ↓ txD~bt; (A;) The earth, or land, exposed to view, (A,) or produced, (K,) its herbage, (A, K,) and it (the latter) became green. (TA.) see 1, first sentence. see 1, each in two places. see 1, each in two places. see 1, in three places. see 1. The colour of a tree, or of the spadix of a palm-tree, when it becomes green: pl. xuDuwbN. (K.) ― -b2- A plant fresh, or new, and green in consequence of rain; as also ↓ xaDuwbN: (K:) or watered by rain, and imparting a colour to the ordure: (TA:) or the green colour that appears in trees when they begin to put forth their leaves: (K:) pl. xuDuwbN. (TA.) A spadix of a palm-tree: xaSobapN, [q. v.,] with the unpointed S, is erroneously said to have this signification. (TA.) A woman who uses xiDaAb for herself [i. e. for dyeing her hair or hands &c.] much, or often. (S, A, K.) Hinnà (Hin~aA='), and the like: (Msb:) or the thing with which one dyes, or tinges, his, or her, hair &c.; (S, K, TA;) such as Hin~aA=' and katam and the like. (TA.) : see xaDobN. Anything dyed, tinged, or changed in colour; [generally, with hinnà;] as also ↓ maxoDuwbN: the former is both masc. and fem.: and its pl. is xuDubN. (TA.) You say kaf~N xaDiybN (S, A, K) and ↓ xaADibN (TA voce DaAribN) [A hand dyed with hinnà]: and banaAnN xaDiybN and ↓ maxoDuwbN (K) and ↓ muxaD~abN (S, A, K) [fingers, or fingers' ends, dyed with hinnà]; but the last of these has an intensive signification. (S.) ― -b2- And hence, (TA,) Alkaf~u AlxaDiybu (assumed tropical:) A certain star; (S, A, K;) the star β of Cassiopeia; (so in the Egyptian almanacs;) [i. e.] the bright star of the constel-lation called *aAtu AlkurosiY~i; which star is [termed] the extended right hand of Alv~uray~aA [or the Pleiades; corresponding to the star called Alkaf~u Alja*omaA='u]. (Kzw. [See A^ajo*amu.]) ― -b3- And AimoraA^apN xaDiybN [A woman having her hands, or feet, or hair, &c., dyed with hinnà or the like]. (K.) A man dyeing, or who dyes, his hair with hinnà. (Msb.) ― -b2- See also xaDiybN. ― -b3- Also (tropical:) A male ostrich (S, A, K, &c.) whose shanks (A, K) and legs (A) have become red, (A, K,) or green, [app. meaning of a dark, or an ashy, dustcolour,] or yellow, (A,) in consequence of his lusting after the female, (A, K,) or in consequence of his having eaten the [herbage termed] rabiyE: (A:) or the front edges of whose shanks have become red, (S, K,) or green, (K,) or yellow, in consequence of his having eaten the [herbage termed] rbyE: (S, K:) or whose beak and shanks have become red from his having eaten the [herbage termed] rbyE: in the summer (AlS~ayof) he becomes bald (yqrE), and his shanks become white: (L:) or whose shanks have become green by reason of lust in the [season termed] rbyE: (ADk:) accord. to some, (TA,) it is applied only to the male ostrich: (S, K:) but some explain it without this restriction; and Lth mentions [the fem.] xaADibapN as applied to an ostrich: [it is said that] the skin of the neck, and that of the breast, and that of the thighs, of the male ostrich, but not his feathers, become intensely red when he lusts after the female: or, as some say, xADb signifies an ostrich that has eaten green food: (TA:) or the extremities of whose feathers are dyed by [the eating of] blossoms, and the slender parts of whose legs have become red by the same cause: accord. to an Arab of the desert, supposed to be Aboo-Kheyreh, in the [season termed] rbyE, when it eats A^asaAriyE [app. meaning certain worms so called], its legs and beak assume the red hue of the EuSofur [or safflower]: (AHn, L:) or xADb is applied to a male ostrich the slender parts of whose legs become red when the dates begin to become red, and cease to be so when the redness of the dates ceases: (AHn, K:) so that it is not from eating AsAryE, which, it is said, no ostrich is known to eat: accord. to As, the cause [of the redness above mentioned] is only the dye of blossoms; but were it so, the bird would also become yellow, and green, &c., [and some assert that it partially does, as has been shown above,] accord. to the colours of the blossoms and herbs; and the green colour would predominate: [but, as the Arabs say, this requires consideration:] whatever be the cause, the bird, it is said, is termed xADb on account of the redness that affects its shanks: and this word is [said to be] an epithet used as a proper name of the bird: (AHn, L:) but this is a mistake, unless it mean that, because of its prevailing application, it is used in the same manner as AlH`rivu and AlEab~aAsu, not that it may be used [in a determinate sense] without the article Al: (L:) the pl. is xawaADibu. (TA.) It is also said to be applied as an epithet to Any animal that eats xaDob [q. v.]: (TA:) and particularly to [the species of bovine antelope called] the wild bull (Alv~aworu AlwaHo$iY~u). (L.) ― -b4- [See also a saying of Dukeyn cited voce raAwuwqN.] I. q. mirokanN, (S, K,) or A_ij~aAnapN: (A:) or a vessel resembling that called A_ij~aAnapN, in which clothes are washed. (TA.) ― -b2- maxaADibu [is its pl.; and also] signifies The rags of the xiDaAb [or hudot;innà or the like]: (A:) [or] of the HyD [or catamenia]. (TA.) [If these two significations be correct, the latter is app. tropical: but HyD may be a mistranscription for xDAb.] : see xaDiybN. : see xaDiybN, in two places. xDd , aor. , (L, K,) inf. n. xaDodN, (L,) He broke wood, or a branch, or twig, whether moist or dry, (L, K,) or a soft thing, (L,) so that its parts did not separate. (L, K.) ― -b2- It (carriage) broke in pieces fruit. (A.) ― -b3- He bent, (S, A, L,) without breaking, (S, L,) wood, or a branch, or twig. (S, A, L.) You say also, xaDada AlbaEiyru Eunuqa A=xara (L, K) The camel broke, (L,) or bent, (K,) the neck of another camel: (L, K:) or (tropical:) the camel fought another camel. (Lth, A.) ― -b4- Also, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He cut, or cut off, (S, K,) anything moist, or soft, or supple; and so ↓ xD~d, inf. n. taxoDiydN. (S.) And xaDada Al$~ajara He cut off, (S, A, K,) or pulled off, or removed, (Fr, Zj,) the thorns of the trees. (Fr, Zj, S, A, K.) ― -b5- Also, (A, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) (tropical:) He (a man, K) ate vehemently: (S, A, K:) or [he craunched a thing;] he ate something moist, or soft, or supple; as a cucumber, and a carrot, (K,) and the like: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) he (a horse) ate in the manner termed xaDomN, (L,) or qaDomN. (TA.) An Arab of the desert, who liked the cucumber, being asked what pleased him therein, answered, xaDoduhu [app. meaning The craunching thereof]: (S, L:) or he was asked what pleased him thereof, and answered, xaDaduhu, meaning what is broken in pieces, thereof. (A.) -A2- xaDida, [aor. ,] (TA,) inf. n. xaDadN, (K,) It (fruit) became shrunk and shrivelled. (K, TA.) see 1. see 7, in two places. ― -b2- [Also, app., (assumed tropical:) He affected an inclining of his body, or a bending, or he inclined his body, or bent, from side to side, by reason of languor; syn. tavan~aY: (see its part. n., voce A^axoDadu:) as said of a drunken man, in the Deewán of the Hudhalees, Freytag renders it fractus fuit et quasi fractus corruit.] It (wood, or a branch, or twig, whether moist or dry,) broke so that its parts did not separate; as also ↓ txD~d. (L, K.) ― -b2- It (fruit, A, K, fresh, or moist, TA, being carried from one place to another, A, TA) became broken in pieces, (A, K,) or crushed; (K;) and so ↓ txD~d. (A.) ― -b3- It (wood, or a branch, or twig,) bent without breaking (AZ, S, L) asunder. (AZ, L.) Feebleness and weakness in a plant. (K.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A malady (L, K) in a man, (L,) affecting the limbs, not amounting to a fracture; as also ↓ xaDaAdN. (L, K.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Languor and pain of the body, with laziness. (L.) ― -b4- xaDadu Als~afari (tropical:) The fatigue and weariness that are occasioned to a man by travel. (TA.) -A2- Whatever is cut off from wood, or a branch, or twig, (S, A, L, K,) that is moist, or soft, or supple: (S, L, K:) or what breaks in pieces, or broken pieces, of trees; as also ↓ yaxoDuwdN: (K:) or what is cut off, and removed, of trees: and broken pieces, heaped up, of the papyrus, and of any pieces of wood, or of branches, or twigs, that are moist, or soft, or supple: (L:) and broken pieces of cucumbers [&c.]. (A.) -A3- A certain plant: (K:) or a-certain soft, or flaccid, kind of tree, without thorns. (L.) [See also xaDaAdN.] (assumed tropical:) Lacking power to rise, (K, TA,) from languor of the body, and pain, with laziness; (TA;) as also ↓ maxoDuwdN. (K.) : see xaDadN. -A2- Also A certain kind of tree, (S, K,) soft, or flaccid, and without thorns: (S:) [see also xaDadN:] or, of the kind of trees called janobap, the leaves of which have edges like those of the HalofaA=', which are pulled with the hand like HlfA'. (L.) A horse that eats in the manner termed qaDomN. (TA. [See 1.]) , applied to wood, or a branch, or twig, whether moist or dry, Broken so that its parts are not separated; as also ↓ maxoDuwdN. (L.) ― -b2- Also, and ↓ maxoDuwdN (S, A) and ↓ muxaD~adN, (A,) A tree, (S,) or lote-tree, (A,) having its thorns cut off, (S, A,) or pulled off, or removed: (Fr and Zj in explanation of the second word as occurring in the Kur lvi. 27:) or the second, in the Kur (ubi suprà), may mean having the branches bent by reason of the abundance of the fruit. (Bd.) and ↓ mutaxaD~idN i. q. mutavan~K [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) Affecting an inclining of the body, or a bending, or inclining the body, or bending, from side to side, by reason of languor: see 5; and see also xaDadN and xaDidN]. (K.) (tropical:) A vehement eater: (A, L, K:) one who eats with coarseness, or rudeness, and quickness. (L.) : see aDiydN. : see xaDiydN, in two places: ― -b2- and xaDidN. : see A^axoDadu. : see xaDadN. xDr : see 9, in two places. -A2- xaDara: see 8, in two places. , [inf. n. taxoDiyrN,] He rendered it A^axoDar [i. e. green, &c.]. (S.) ― -b2- [Hence,] it is said in a trad., A_i*aA A^araAda A@ll~`hu biEabodK $ar~FA xaD~ara lahu fiY All~abini waAlT~iyni Hat~aY yaboniYa, (TA,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [When God desires evil to befall a man,] He makes him to have pleasure in unburnt bricks and clay, so that he may build, and thus be diverted from the things of the world to come, if his building be beyond his need, or not such a structure as a mosque or the like. (Marginal note in a copy of the “ Jámi' es-Sagheer ” of Es-Suyootee.) [Hence also,] xuD~ira lahu fiyhi, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He was blessed in it. (L, K.) You say, mano xuD~ira lahu fiY $aYo'K faloyalozamohu, (L,) or mano xuD~ira mino $aYo'K flylzmh, (so in a copy of the Mgh,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) Whosoever is blessed in a thing, (Mgh, L,) meaning an art or a trade or traffic, or a means of subsistence, let him keep to it. (L.) , (TK,) inf. n. muxaADarapN, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) He sold to him fruits before they were in a good, or sound, state: (A:) or before their goodness, or soundness, became apparent: (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TK:) the doing of which is forbidden: (S:) accord. to some, (TA,) the prohibition includes the sale of fresh ripe dates, [app. if not fully ripe,] and herbs, or leguminous plants, and the like; and therefore some disapprove of selling a greater quantity of fresh ripe dates than is cut at once. (S.) It (plenty of moisture) rendered seedproduce soft, or tender. (TA.) He cut herbage, (S, K,) or a tree, (A,) while it was green; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ xaDara, (A, TA,) aor. , inf. n. xaDorN. (TA.) And AuxotuDira It (herbage, TA) was taken, (K,) and pastured upon, (TA,) while fresh and juicy, (K,) and green, before it had attained its full height. (TA.) See also 9, last sentence. ― -b2- Hence, (S, TA,) the pass. form, (assumed tropical:) He died in his youth; (S, K;) in his fresh and flourishing state. (S.) Young men used to say to an old man, A^ajozarotu yaA $ayoxu (assumed tropical:) [Thou hast attained to the time for dying, (lit. for being cut,) O old man]: and he replied, A^aYo baniY~a watuxotaDaruwna (assumed tropical:) [O my sons, and ye shall be cut off, or die, in your youth]. (S. [See also A^ajozara.]) ― -b3- Also, the act. v., He cut off the green branches of a palm-tree with his mixolab; (TA;) and so ↓ xaDara, (K, * TA,) aor. , inf. n. xaDorN: (TA:) and he cut off a thing, as a man's nose, entirely: (TA:) or, simply, he cut off a man's nose. (IAar.) ― -b4- And He ate fruit [while it was green, or] before it was ripe. (A.) ― -b5- And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) He deflowered a girl: (K, TA:) or, before she had attained to puberty; (Msb in art. qD, and K;) as also Aibotasara and Aibotakara. (TA.) ― -b6- Also (assumed tropical:) He took a camel in a refractory state, not trained, and attached the nose-rein to him, and drove him. (TA.) ― -b7- And (assumed tropical:) He took up a load, or burden. (K.) , (S, A, K,) inf. n. AixoDiraArN; (S, A;) and ↓ AxDwDr, (S, K,) [inf. n. AixoDiyDaArN, in the TA written by mistake AixoDiyraArN;] and ↓ HaDira, aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xaDarN; (Msb;) It (a colour, Msb, or seed-produce, K) was, or became, of the colour termed xuDorap [i. e. green: and he, (a camel, and a horse, and an ass, and sometimes a bird,) and it, (a garment of the kind called kisaA=', and the like, or any other thing,) was, or became, of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour; or dingy ash-colour; or dark dust-colour: and he, (a man,) or it, (a thing,) was, or became, of a tawny, or brownish, colour; or blackish; or of a blackish hue inclining to green; or black; or intensely black: see xuDorapN and A^axoDaru]. (S, A, Msb, K.) [Hence,] AxDr~ A_izaAraY (The place of) my AzAr became black: or, rather, became of a [blackish] hue inclining to green: because the hair when it first grows is of that hue. (Har p. 494.) And AxDr~ $aAribuhu [His mustache grew so as to appear dark]; said of a boy; a phrase similar to baqala wajohuhu. (Mgh in art. bql.) And AxDr~All~ayolu (tropical:) The night became dark and black. (K, * TA.) And AxDr~t AlZ~ulomapu (tropical:) The darkness became intensely black. (A.) ― -b2- AxDr~ jilodatuhu [properly His skin became green from carrying the produce of his land; meaning] (tropical:) he became in a state of plenty. (TA. [See humo xuDoru AlmanaAkibi, voce A^axoDaru.]) ― -b3- AxDr~ said of seed-produce, It was, or became, soft, or tender; as also ↓ AxDwDr; and ↓ xaDira, aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xaDarN. (K, * TA.) -A2- AxDr~ and ↓ AixotaDara, (K,) or this may be of the pass. form, [AuxotuDira,] so as to agree with what occurs before, [see 8,] (TA,) It (herbage, TA) was, or became, cut. (K, * TA.) see 9, first sentence: ― -b2- and last sentence but one. Trees ($ajarN) that are soft, or tender, when cut; as also ↓ maxoDuwrN. (TA.) : see xuDaArapN. [i. q. xaDirN]. You say, A^axa*ahu xiDorFA miDorFA, and maDirFA ↓ xaDirFA, He took it without price: or in its fresh, or juicy, state: (K:) mDrA being an imitative sequent. (TA.) Whence the saying, maDirapN ↓ Ald~unoyaA xaDirapN [in the S HulowapN xaDirapN] The goods of this world are delicate, fresh, and pleasant: or pleasing. (TA.) And ↓ Algazowu HulowN xaDirN [Predatory warfare is sweet and] fresh [or refreshing] and loved; because of the victory and spoil attending it. (TA, from a trad. of Ibn- 'Omar [which see fully quoted voce vumaAmN].) ― -b2- You say also, huwalaka xiDorFA miDorFA It is thine, or for thee: may it be attended with enjoyment and a wholesome result. (K.) ― -b3- And *ahaba damahu xiDorFA miDorFA, (S, K,) and maDirFA ↓ xaDirFA, (K,) His blood went unrevenged, or unretaliated, or unexpiated by a mulet: (S, K:) mDrA being an imitative sequent [here as in the former instance]. (TA.) inf. n. of xaDira: [see 9, first sentence: ― -b2- and last sentence but one; and] see also xuDorapN. -A2- Also Green palm-branches with the leaves upon them: and green palm-branches stripped of their leaves: (Fr, K:) pl. A^axoDaArN. (AHn.) : see A^axoDaru. ― -b2- Also A place having much verdure; and so ↓ yaxoDuwrN and ↓ maxoDarapN. (K.) And A^aroDN xaDirapN and ↓ yaxoDuwrN Land in which is much verdure: and ↓ ArD maxoDarapN, as in the Kur xxii. 62, accord. to one reading, verdant land. (TA.) ― -b3- See also xiDorN, in four places. ― -b4- Also, [as a subst.,] What is green: (Akh, S, and Bd in vi. 99:) seed-produce; (Lth, Bd, K;) and so ↓ xuD~aAraY: (S:) so the former in the Kur ubi suprà: (Lth, Bd:) or goodly green herbage: (A:) and a branch: (K:) any branch. (TA.) ― -b5- And AlxaDiru The plant called ↓ Albaqolapu AlxaDoraA='u; as also ↓ AlxaDirapu and ↓ AlxaDiyru (K) and ↓ AlxuDorapu: (TA:) it is a green and rough herb or leguminous plant, the leaves and fruit of which are like those of millet; it rises to the height of a cubit; and fills the mouth of the camel. (TA.) Also A species of plant of the kind called janobap; (K;) which latter term is applied to herbage whereof the root is deep in the earth, like the naSiY~ and Sil~iyaAn: (TA:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with p: (K:) it is not of the slender and succulent herbs or leguminous plants, which dry up in summer. (TA.) Hence A=kilapu AlxaDiri, occurring in a trad., [properly signifying A she-camel that eats the plant above mentioned,] applied to a man who acts justly and moderately with respect to worldly enjoyments: for the xDr is not of the slender and succulent herbs, as above observed, nor of those excellent plants which the spring produces by its consecutive rains, and which therefore become goodly and soft or tender; but of those upon which beasts pasture after others have dried up, because they find no others, and which the Arabs call janobap; and the beasts do not eat much of it, nor do they find it wholesome. (IAth, TA.) [if not a mistranscription for xuDorapN] Fresh cut herbage, to be eaten quickly. (TA.) [Greenness; a green colour; verdure;] a certain colour, (S, A, K,) well known; (K;) [and] a colour between black and white: it is in plants and in animals &c., and, accord. to IAar, in water also: (TA:) in camels, (S,) and horses, (S, K,) [and asses, and sometimes in birds, and in a garment of the kind called kisaA=', and the like, and in other things, a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour; or dingy ash-colour; or dark dustcolour;] a dust-colour intermixed with duhomap [i. e. blackness or deep ash-colour]: (S, K:) in men, [and in other things,] a tawny, or brownish, colour; syn. sumorapN: (S:) [and a blackish hue: and a blackish hue inclining to green:] and blackness: (TA:) [and intense blackness: see 9; and see also A^axoDaru:] pl. xuDarN and xuDorN. (K.) ― -b2- And A green plant: pl. xuDarN: (TA:) or the latter signifies herbs, or leguminous plants; as though pl. of the former. (Msb.) [See xaDaArN: and xaDorapN.] ― -b3- See also xaDirN. ― -b4- Also Softness, or tenderness, (IAar, K,) of seed-produce [and the like]; (TA;) and so ↓ xaDarN, (K,) inf. n. of xaDira. (TA.) ― -b5- And What is soft, or tender; fresh, or juicy; and pleasant to the eater. (TA, from a xuTobap of 'Alee, delivered at El-Koofeh.) : see xaDirN. A palm-tree (naxolapN) that bears good green dates. (Az, K.) ― -b2- A kind of dates, green, resembling glass, of a colour that is admired. (AHn.) Herbs, or leguminous plants, in the first state of their growth. (S, * K, * TA.) [See also xuDorapN.] ― -b2- Also Milk mixed with much water: (S, K:) AZ says that it is like samaArN, meaning as above, diluted so as to be of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (Hat~aY A@xoDar~a): like as the rájiz says, jaAw^uwA biDayoHK halo raA^ayota Al*~iy^oba qaTo [They brought milk mixed with much water. Hast thou ever seen the wolf?]: meaning that the milk was of an ash-colour (A^aworaq), like the colour of the wolf, by reason of the great quantity of the water: or, as some say, milk and water in the proportion of one third of the former to two thirds of the latter: it is of any milk, that has been kept in a skin or that is fresh, and from any beast: some say that the word is a pl., [or rather a coll. gen. n.,] and that the sing., or n. un., is with p. (TA.) : see A^axoDaru. : see A^axoDaru: ― -b2- and see also xaDirN. : see what next follows. : see A^axoDaru, in the latter half of the paragraph. ― -b2- xuDaArapN, determinate, and imperfectly decl., (ISk, S, K,) because it has the quality of a proper name and the fem. gender with p, like A^usaAmapN &c., (TA,) (tropical:) The sea; (ISk, S, A, K;) as also ↓ AlA^axoDaru, and ↓ xuDayorN, (A, TA,) or ↓ xuDorN. (So in a copy of the A.) [But it is used as a masc. proper name; for] you say, h`*aA xuDaArapu TaAmiyFA [This is the sea, in a state of rising, or becoming full, or becoming high and full]. (S, TA. [In one copy of the S, I find h`*ihi; but in others, h`*aA; and in all, TaAmiyFA.]) A palm-tree (naxolapN) of which the dates fall while unripe and green; (S, K;) as also ↓ mixoDaArN. (TA.) dim. of xuDorapN. -A2- Also (tropical:) A woman who scarcely ever, or never, completes the fruit of her womb, so that she casts it. (TA.) A certain bird; (S, K;) also called the A^axoyal; (S;) regarded as of evil omen when it alighted upon the back of a camel: it is A^axoDar [i. e. green, or of a dark or an ashy dust-colour], with redness in the Hanak [or part beneath the beak], and is larger than the qaTaA: or certain green, or dark or ashy dust-coloured, birds, (TayorN xuDorN,) also called qaAriyap: A 'Obeyd asserts that the Arabs loved them, and likened to them a liberal, or bountiful, man: but ISd says, on the authority of the 'Eyn, that they regarded them as of evil omen: (TA:) [Golius states, on the authority of Meyd, that the xDArY~ is a bird of a blackish colour, called in Persian karAyaho. See Bochart's Hieroz. p. ii. col. 61; referred to by Freytag.] ― -b2- Also The [tree, or shrub, called] rimov, when it has grown tall. (TA.) A certain bird, (K,) green or of a dark or an ashy dust-colour (A^axoDaru). (TA.) : see xaDirN. ― -b2- Also A certain plant. (K.) [Green; verdant;] of the colour termed xuD~aAraY; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ xaDirN (Msb, K) and ↓ xaDiyrN and ↓ xaDuwrN and ↓ yaxoDuwrN and ↓ yaxoDiyrN: (K, TA: the last two written in the CK taxoDuwrN and taxoDiyrN:) applied to a horse, [and to a camel, (see xuDorapN,) and to an ass, and sometimes to a bird, and to a garment of the kind called kisaA=', and the like, and to various other things, of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour; or dingy ash-colour; or dark dust-colour;] of a dust-colour intermixed with duhomap [i. e. blackness or deep ash-colour]; which is the same as dayozajN; (S;) in horses being distinguished as A^axoDaru A^adogamu and A^axoDaru A^aToHalu and A^axoDaru A^aworaqu: (TA: [see the latter epithet in each of these cases:]) applied to a man, [and to other things,] tawny, or brownish: (S:) [and blackish: and of a blackish hue inclining to green:] and black; (S, K;) black-complexioned: (TA:) [and intensely black: it is said in the Msb, art. Htm, that AlA^axoDaru is, with the Arabs, A^asowadu; which may mean either that green is, with the Arabs, termed Aswd, or that AlAxDr is, with the Arabs, black: but the truth is, that each of the epithets A^axoDaru and A^asowadu is sometimes used for the other: see what here follows, and see A^asowadu: in Har p. 495, it is erroneously said, on the authority of Er-Rázee, that the Aswd is not termed by the Arabs AxDr, although the AxDr is termed by them Aswd because of its intense xuDorap and riY~:] the fem. is xaDoraA='u: and the pl. is xuDorN. (Msb, TA.) You say $ajarapN xaDoraA='u A green, and fresh, or juicy, tree. (TA.) And maA='N A^axoDaru Water inclining to a green colour, by reason of its clearness. (TA.) And A^axoDaru Aljilodapi [lit. Tawny of skin:] meaning (assumed tropical:) of pure race; because the complexions of the Arabs are tawny; (S;) of genuine Arab race: (IB:) as in the saying of El-Lahabee, (S, TA,) El-Fadl Ibn-'Abbás, (TA,) waA^anaA AlA^axoDaru mano yaEorifuniY A^axoDaru Aljilodapi fiY bayoti AlEarabo [And I am the tawny: who knows me? the tawny of skin (or pure of race), of the family that comprises the nobility of the Arabs]. (S, IB.) And fulaAnN A^axoDaru AlqafaA [lit. Such a one is blackish, or black, in the back of the neck:] meaning (tropical:) such a one is the son of a black woman: (Az, A:) or (tropical:) one who is slapped on the back of his neck: (A:) or (tropical:) a freedman, or an emancipated slave. (TA.) And A^axoDaru AlbaToni (tropical:) A weaver: (A, TA:) because his belly, being stuck close to his loom, becomes blackened by it. (TA.) And A^axoDaru Aln~awaAji*i (tropical:) An eater of onions and leeks: or a tiller, or cultivator, of the ground; because he eats herbs, or leguminous plants. (A.) And humo xuDoru AlmanaAkibi [lit. They are green in the shoulders, from carrying the produce of their land:] meaning (tropical:) they are in a state of great plenty. (K, TA.) And [hence, perhaps,] fulaAnN A^axoDaru (tropical:) Such a one possesses abundant xayor [or wealth, or prosperity]: (A, TA:) [or it may mean goodness: for] AlA^axoDaru, applied to a man, is an epithet of praise, whereby he may be likened to the sea, because it is described as green, or to the [rain or herbage called] rabiyE; in both cases meaning (assumed tropical:) liberal, or bountiful; and it is so applied because xuDorapN is of the colours of the Arabs: and it is also an epithet of dispraise, as meaning (assumed tropical:) black by reason of baseness, ignobleness, or meanness. (Ham p. 282.) And $aAb~N A^axoDaru (tropical:) A young man whose hair has begun to grow upon the sides of his face. (TA.) And katiybapN xaDoraA='u (tropical:) An army, or a troop of horse, overspread with the blackness of iron: (S, TA:) or a great army or troop of horse (K, TA) of which most of the men are clad in iron; like jaA^owaA='u: (TA:) because of the xuDorap of the iron: (A:) [i. e.] because of the blackness thereof. (TA.) And All~ayolu A^axoDaru (tropical:) Night is black. (TA.) And [hence,] jan~a Ealayohi A^axoDaru AljanaAHayoni (tropical:) Night [lit. the black-winged] veiled him, concealed him, or covered him with its darkness. (A.) mudohaAm~ataAni, in the Kur [lv. 64, relating to two gardens of Paradise], is explained by xaDoraAwaAni because it means Inclining to blackness, by reason of abundance of moisture, or irrigation. (S.) ― -b2- AlA^axoDaru used as a subst.: see xuDaArapN. ― -b3- The fem. xaDoraA='u [is also used as a subst., and] signifies Gree herbs or leguminous plants; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ xuDaArapN: (K:) pl. xaDoraAwaAtN: by rule it should be xuDorN; but as the quality of a subst. predominates in it, it has a pl. like the pl. of a subst., like SaHoraAwaAtN pl. of SaHoraA='N: (Msb:) this pl. occurs in the saying (in a trad., TA) layosa fiY AlxaDoraAwaAti SadaqapN There is no poor-rate in the case of green herbs or leguminous plants; (Msb;) or fresh fruits and herbs or leguminous plants; (TA;) or fruits, such as the apple and the pear &c.; or herbs or leguminous plants, such as leeks and smallage and rue and the like; and xuDarN, pl. of xuDorapN, is sometimes substituted for it. (Mgh.) [Hence,] A_iy~aAkumo waxaDoraA='u Ald~imani, meaning (tropical:) Avoid ye the beautiful woman that is of bad origin: (S, A, Msb:) because what grows in a dimonap [or place which men have blackened by their cooking, and where their camels or other beasts have staled and dunged], though it may be beautiful and bright, does not bear fruit [because it is neglected, and left unwatered], (S, Msb,) and soon becomes corrupt, or bad. (Msb. [See also dimonapN: and see Eu$obapN Ald~aAri, in art. E$b.]) ― -b4- And AlxaDoraA='u, as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, (TA,) (tropical:) The sky, or heaven; (S, A, K;) because of its greenness; like as the earth is called AlgaboraA='u. (TA.) You say, maA taHota AlxaDoraA='i A^akorahu minohu (tropical:) [There is not under the sky one more hateful than he]. (A.) ― -b5- And xaDoraA='u (tropical:) A bucket (A, K) with which water has been drawn long, so that it has become green or blackish &c. (Hat~aY A@xoDar~ato). (K.) ― -b6- And (assumed tropical:) The congregated or collective body, and mass, or bulk, of a people. (S, K.) So in the saying, A^abaAda A@ll~`hu xaDoraA='ahumo (assumed tropical:) [May God destroy the congregated or collective body, mass, or bulk, of them]: (S:) or this means, (tropical:) their stock ($ajarap) from which they have branched off; (A;) [for] xaDoraA='u signifies the origin of anything: (TA:) or, their life in this present world: (Fr, TA:) or, as some say, their enjoyment and plenty; (TA;) [for] xaDoraA='u signifies prosperity, and plenty, and enjoyment: (TA in a later part of this art.:) or the right reading is gaDoraA='ahumo, meaning “their prosperity, and their pleasantness of life, or plenty and prosperity.” (S. [See art. gDr.]) ― -b7- Albaqolapu AlxaDoraA='u: see xaDirN. ― -b8- AlxuDoru, (T,) or AlxaDoraA='u, (K,) The domestic pigeons; (T, K;) so called although of various colours, because their predominant colour is wuroqap [or ash-colour], or xuDorap [meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour]: the xuDor and the numor [or spotted with white and black, &c.,] are especially characterized by the faculty of rightly directing their course. (T, TA.) ― -b9- AlA^axaASiru [a pl. of AlA^axoDaru used as a subst.] (tropical:) Gold and flesh-meat and wine; as also AlA^aHaAmirapu [as some explain this latter]. (TA.) ― -b10- A^axoDaru also signifies (tropical:) Fresh, or recent: so in the saying, AlA^amoru bayonanaA A^axoDaru (tropical:) [The affair between us is fresh, or recent]: and in like manner you say, Almawad~apu bayonanaA xaDoraA='u (tropical:) Love, or affection, between us is fresh. (A.) And Soft, or tender; applied to herbage, or seed-produce. (TA.) ― -b11- [Hence,] Eiy$apN xaDoraA='u (assumed tropical:) A mode of life soft, or delicate, and plentiful and pleasant. (Har p. 639.) ― -b12- AlA^axoDaru is also the name of [A certain star, or asterism; most probably either a of Piscis Australis or ε of Pegasus, or some star or asterism nearly in a line with those two;] one of the three A^anowaA=' of the rain called Alxariyf; namely, the middle nawo' of those three AnwA='; the first being the nasoraAni; and the last, the foremost of the farogaAni: see nawo'N. (AZ, T and TA in art. nwA^.) dim. [of AlA^axoDaru], (TA,) [Cantharides;] a kind of fly, (K,) green, of a dark or an ashy dust-colour, (A^axoDaru,) of the size of the black fly, and called the Indian fly [as cantharides are by the Arabs in the present day]; having properties and uses mentioned in medical books. (TA.) -A2- Also A certain disease in the eye. (K.) : see xaDirN, in two places. : see xaDiyrapN. : see xaDorN. : see xaDirN, in two places: and see also A^axoDaru, first sentence. : see A^axoDaru, first sentence. xDrm , inf. n. xaDoramapN, He cut somewhat of the extremity of the ear of a camel, and left it dangling: or he cut the ear in halves: and you say also, xaDoramuwA naEamahumo [They so cut the ears of their camels]: (TA:) or xaDoramapN signifies the cutting one of the ears only. (JK.) ― -b2- And xaDorama He mixed [a thing or things]: (IKh, TA:) [and so HaDorama, as is indicated in the K in art. HDrm, by an explanation of the inf. n.] ― -b3- And xaDoramapN signifies also The making a thing to be of an intermediate, or a middling, kind or quality. (TA.) , said of butter [in the process of formation], It became dissundered, or separated [into clots], by reason of intense cold; and did not coalesce; as also tHSrm. (TA in art. HSrm.) A well having much water; (JK, K;) and so, [as some say,] a sea, or great river; but its application as an epithet to a sea, or great river, is disallowed by As: (S:) or a great sea: (K:) accord. to some, so called because of its greenness; and if so, the m is augmentative: (MF:) or water copious and wide in the utmost degree: (Mz 49th nwE:) and anything much in quantity, or copious, (S, K,) and wide, or ample: (S:) or it signifies also wide, or ample, (K,) applied to anything: (TA:) pl. xaDaArimu: (S:) and ↓ muxaDoramN and ↓ xuDaArimN, also, signify much in quantity, or copious, applied to water: (TA:) and xiDorimN is applied in this sense as an epithet to nabiy*. (S, *) TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) Bountiful, or munificent; (JK, K;) who gives many gifts: (S, K:) said to be likened to the sea, or great river, to which this epithet is applied; though As disallowed its application to a sea, or great river: (S:) or likened to the well to which the same epithet is applied: (JK:) and a forbearing, or clement, lord, or chief; as also ↓ xuDaArimN: pl. xaDaArimu and xaDaArimapN and xiDorimuwna: all applied peculiarly to men: (K:) not to women. (TK.) Sweet water: or water between sweet and bitter: (K:) on the authority of Yaakoob. (TA.) -A2- The young of the [kind of lizard called] Dab~: (S, K:) accord. to IDrd, in its first stage it is called HisolN; [after which he should have said, then, gayodaAqN;] then it is called muTab~ixN [q. v.]; then, xuDarimN; and then, Dab~N: he does not mention the term gayodaAqN, but AZ mentions it. (S.) : see AlxaDaArimapu. : see xiDorimN, in two places. A certain people of the Eajam [i. e. Persians], (S, K,) of the sons of Fáris, (S,) who went forth [from their country] in the beginning of El-Islám, and dwelt in Syria: (S, K:) i. e., those people who went forth at that period dispersed themselves in the countries of the Arabs; some of them settling in El-Basrah, and these are the A^asaAwirap; and some of them, in El-Koofeh, and these are the A^aHaAmirap; and some of them, in Syria, and they are the xaDaArimap; and some of them, in El-Jezeereh, and they are the jaraAjimap; and some of them, in El-Yemen, and they are the A^abonaA='; and some of them, in El-Mowsil, and they are the jaraAmiqap: (S, TA:) the n. un. is ↓ xiDorimiY~N. (K.) [pass. part. n. of xaDorama]. You say naAqapN muxaDoramapN A she-camel having the extremity of her ear cut. (S, K.) And A^u*unN muxaDoramapN An ear cut. (Mz 49th nwE.) ― -b2- Hence, as some say, (Mz ubi suprá,) A man, (K, Mz,) or a poet, (S, K,) who lived in the Time of Ignorance and in that of El-Islám; (S, K, and Mz ubi suprà) as though he were cut off from paganism to ElIslám; (Mz ubi suprà;) or from infidelity; (IB, TA;) as Lebeed, (S, K, and Mz 20th nwE,) and Hassán Ibn-Thábit, and Nábighah of the BenooJaadeh, and Aboo-Zubeyd, and 'Amr Ibn-Sha-s, and Ez-Zibrikán Ibn-Bedr, and 'Amr Ibn-MaadeeKerib, and Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr, and Maan Ibn-Ows: (Mz 20th nwE: [see also A_isolaAmiY~N, and $aAhidN:]) or a person who passed half of his life in the Time of Ignorance, and half thereof in that of El-Islám: (K:) [I have generally found the word thus written;] but IB says that, accord. to most of the lexicologists, it is ↓ muxaDorimN, with kesr to the r; for the pagans, when they became Muslims, cut somewhat of the extremities of the ears of their camels (xaDoramuwA A=*aAna A_ibilihimo) as a sign of their being Muslims in case of their being attacked and plundered, or their being made war with; (IB, TA;) and this they were ordered to do in a manner different from that of the pagans: (TA:) accord. to some, the epithet applied to a poet of the class above mentioned is mHDrm, with the unpointed H, [i. e. muHaDorimN,] from AlHaDoramapN signifying AlxaloTu, [like AlxaDoramapu, as shown above,] because of his mixing paganism with El-Islám: (Mz 49th nwE:) or muHaDoramN: (K in art. HDrm:) and in like manner IKh explains the epithet ↓ muxaDorimN. (TA.) ― -b3- Also A black man whose father is white. (IKh, K. *) ― -b4- And Deficient in respect of AlHasab; (K;) meaning not of generous parentage. (TA.) ― -b5- And One whose origin is suspected; or who claims for his father one who is not: (K:) and so muxaDoramu Aln~asabi: (S, TA:) or muxaDoramN fiY nasabihi means of mixed parentage. (TA.) One whose father is unknown: [or, app., accord. to the TA, whose parents are unknown:] or one sprung from [a succession of] concubines. (K.) ― -b6- Uncircumcised. (K.) And, with p, applied to a woman, Circumcised: (S, K:) or, as some say, cut, by a mistake of the woman operating, in a place not that of circumcision. (TA.) ― -b7- Flesh-meat such that one knows not whether it be from a male or a female. (S, K.) ― -b8- Accord. to IAar, who does not explain it, (ISd, TA,) it is applied also to food, (ISd, K,) ISd thinks (TA) as meaning Insipid; (ISd, K;) neither sweet nor bitter. (ISd.) ― -b9- And Water between heavy and light: (T, K, TA:) or not sweet. (TA.) ― -b10- See also xiDorimN. : see muxaDoramN, in two places. , applied to butter, [as also mutaHaSorimN and muHaSoramN,] Dissundered, or separated [into clots]; not coalescing; by reason of cold. (K. [See Q. 2.]) xDE , aor. , inf. n. xuDuwEN (S, Msb, K) and xaDoEN and xuDoEaAnN, or xiDoEaAnN, (TA,) He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive, (S, Msb, K,) lahu to him, (Msb, TA,) [for instance,] to his creditor, (Msb,) or to God; (TA;) as also ↓ AxtDE, (S, K,) [and ↓ AnxDE, (K in art. x*A^,)] and ↓ AixoDawoDaEa: (Sgh, K:) xuDuwEN is nearly the same as xu$uwEN, except that the latter is mostly used in relation to the voice [or the eyes]; but the former is used as meaning in the necks: (Msb:) or the former is in the body, ('Eyn and K in art. x$E,) and signifies the acknowledgment of humility and submission; ('Eyn;) and the latter is in the voice and in the eyes. ('Eyn and K ubi suprà.) It is said in a trad. respecting the [devils'] hearing [the words of the angels] by stealth, xuDoEaAnFA liqawolihi [With submissiveness to his saying, or to what he said]; or, accord. to one relation, xiDoEaAnFA; but it may be a pl. of xaADiEN; and accord. to another relation, it is xuD~aEFA, which is a pl. of xaADiEN. (TA.) ― -b2- He was, or became, still, (K, TA,) and tractable, or submissive. (TA.) ― -b3- He made his words soft to a woman; as also ↓ AxDE: (L:) or the latter signifies his speech was soft to a woman. (O, K.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 32], falaA taxoDaEona biAlqawoli Then be ye not soft in speech. (TA.) And you say, xaDaEa lahaA bikalaAmihi waxaDaEato lahu wataTam~aEa fiyhaA [He was soft to her in speech, and she was soft to him, and he became excited to feel an eager desire for her, or to lust after her]; (TA;) and in like manner, ↓ xaADaEahA, (K, * TA,) inf. n. muxaADaEapN, (TA,) [he was soft in his speech to her, she being soft in her speech to him.] And xaDaEaA bayonahumaA HadiyvFA They two (a man and a woman) made soft discourse together, saying that which excited each to feel an eager desire for, or to lust after, the other. (TA from a trad.) ― -b4- xaDaEa, aor. , inf. n. xaDoEN, [or, as in two copies of the S, xaDaEN, though it seems that the verb is correctly xaDaEa, not xaDiEa,] He had a natural stooping of the neck: (TA:) and he bent himself, or became bent; as also ↓ AxDE. (Zj.) And ↓ AxtDE, said of a hawk, He lowered his head to make a stoop, or to pounce down. (Z, TA.) ― -b5- [Hence,] xaDaEati AlA_ibilu (tropical:) The camels strove, or exerted themselves, or hastened, in their pace, or going; (K;) because, when they do so, they lower their necks. (TA.) And ↓ AxtDE, (K,) said of a horse, (IAar,) [for the same reason,] (assumed tropical:) He went quickly, or swiftly. (IAar, K.) ― -b6- xaDaEa Aln~ajomu (tropical:) The star, or asterism, inclined (S, K, TA) to the place of setting, (S, TA,) or to setting: (K, TA:) and in like manner, xaDaEati Al$~amosu (tropical:) the sun inclined &c.; like xadaEat: (TA:) and xaDaEato A^ayodiY AlkawaAkibi (tropical:) the stars inclined to setting. (Aboo- 'Adnán, TA in art. x$E.) -A2- xaDaEahu He, or it, rendered him still (K, TA) [and submissive: see 1]: the verb being both intrans. and trans. (TA.) [See also 4.] ― -b2- Also, (K,) inf. n. xaDoEN and xuDuwEN, (TA,) He, or it, caused him to have a stooping neck; as also ↓ AxDEhu; (K;) i. e., bent him: (TA:) said of old age. (TK.) Jereer says, A^aEad~a A@ll~`hu lil$~uEaraA='i min~iY SawaAEiqa yaxoDaEuwna lahu Alr~iqaAbaA [God hath prepared, for the poets, from me, thunderbolts which make the necks to stoop to Him]. (TA.) ― -b3- xaDaEa fulaAnFA A_ilaY Als~awo'api; in the K AlY Als~uw'i, but the former is the right; inf. n. xuDuwEN; (TA;) He, or it, invited such a one to that which was foul, abominable, or evil. (K, TA.) see 4. see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. , intrans.: see 1, in two places. -A2- AxDEhu It (poverty) lowered, humbled, or abased, him; (Msb;) [as also ↓ xD~Ehu; for its inf. n.] taxoDyEN signifies the rendering lowly, humble, or submissive; in Persian, faruwtano karodaAniydano. (KL. [But Golius, from the same source, explains the verb as signifying “ Submissum humilemque se commonstravit. ”]) [Hence,] A^axoDaEataniY A_ilayoka AlHaAjapu (Zj, S, TA) Want, or need, [made me lowly, humble, or submissive, to thee; or] constrained me to have recourse to thee, and to require thine aid. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. see 1, first sentence. see 1, in three places. : see 1, first sentence. A plant bending by reason of softness, or tenderness: ISd holds it to be formed after the manner of a relative, or possessive, noun, because there is no verb [of the measure xaDiEa] to which it may be referred. (TA.) [The regular form, if it were a part. n., would be xaADiEN, q. v.] , or ↓ xaDaEapN: see baDaEapN and baADiEN. : see what next precedes. A man (S) who is lowly, humble, or submissive, to everyone. (S, Sgh, K,) ― -b2- And One who overcomes, or subdues, his adversaries, or opponents, (K, TA,) and humbles and abases them. (TA.) : see the next paragraph, in two places. Lowly, humble, or submissive; (Msb;) and ↓ xaDuwEN signifies the same: (S, K:) [or rather the latter is an intensive epithet, signifying very lowly, &c.:] the pl. of the former is xaADiEuwna and xuD~aEN and xuDoEaAnN, or xiDoEaAnN: (TA:) [respecting the last two of which, see 1, second sentence:] and the pl. of ↓ xaDuwEN is xuDuEN; (S, K;) as in the phrase qawomN xuDuEu Alr~iqaAbi [A people, or company of men, very submissive in the necks]. (S.) It is said in the Kur [xxvi. 3], faZal~ato A^aEonaAquhumo lahaA xaADiEiyna And their necks shall continue, the pret. being used in the sense of the aor., meaning taduwmu, (Jel,) submissive to it: (Jel, * TA:) the original of the phrase is faZal~uwA lahaA xaADiEiyna; and AEnAq is redundantly inserted to show the place of xuDuwE, and the predicate is left in its original state: (Bd:) or as the xDwE is only that of the AEnAq, it is allowable to make the predicate relate to [the pronoun hm, which is] the complement of the latter word: (Sb, Kh:) or since the xDwE is ascribed to the necks but really belongs to the persons, the epithet has that form of pl. which is proper to rational beings: (Jel: [and the like is said by Bd:]) or AEnAqhm means their chiefs: or their companies: but there is another reading [which is literally grammatical], namely xaADiEapF. (Bd.) ― -b2- The pl. xuD~aEN is also applied to Women who have been [ or who are] soft in speech, and still. (IAar.) [See 1.] ― -b3- naEaAmN xawaADiEu [pl. of xaADiEapN] Ostriches inclining their heads towards the ground in their places of pasture; and in like manner, ZibaA='N [gazelles]. (TA.) ― -b4- A_ibilN xawaADiEu (tropical:) Camels striving, or exerting themselves, or hastening, in their pace, or going; because, when they do so, they lower their necks. (TA.) ― -b5- manokibN xaADiEN and ↓ A^axoDaEu A low, or depressed, shoulder-joint. (TA.) ― -b6- nujuwmN xawaADiEu (tropical:) Stars inclining to setting, or to their places of setting. (A, TA.) -A2- Inviting to that which is foul, abominable, or evil. (TA.) Content with abasement; fem. xaDoEaA='u. (Lth, K.) ― -b2- Having a natural stooping of the neck; (S, K;) applied to a man, (TA,) and to a horse, (S, TA,) and a camel, and an ostrich, and a gazelle. (TA.) ― -b3- See also xaADiEN, near the end of the paragraph. xDl , aor. , inf. n. xaDalN: see 9, in two places. see the next paragraph. He moistened it; or wetted it; (S, K;) as also ↓ xD~lhu, inf. n. taxoDiylN. (TA.) You say, A^axoDalato dumuwEuhu liHoyatahu His tears moistened, or wetted, his beard. (JK, * TA.) And A^axoDalotuhu Als~amaA='u The rain wetted him: (TA:) or wetted him much. (JK.) -A2- See also 9. He (a man) became united with his companion. (Fr, TA.) , (S, K,) inf. n. AixoDilaAlN, (S,) It was, or became, moistened, or wetted; (S, K;) as also ↓ A^axoDala, (K, TA, [but not in the CK,]) inf. n. A_ixoDaAlN; (TA; [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ AxDAl~, inf. n. AixoDiylaAlN; but said by Freytag to occur in the Deewán of the Hudhalees;]) and ↓ AxDwDl, (Fr, S, K,) inf. n. AixoDiyDaAlN; (S;) and ↓ xaDila: (K: [but see what follows:]) it is said of a garment, and of the beard: (TA:) and the first of these verbs signifies also it was, or became, moist, so that its moisture became sprinkled, or scattered in drops; (K, * TA; [accord. to the explanation of the part. n. xaDilN (q. v.) in the JK and M;]) and so ↓ AxDAl~, (K,) inf. n. AixoDiylaAlN; (TA;) and ↓ xaDila, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xaDalN; but Lth says, I have not heard them say xaDila. (TA.) ― -b2- AxDl~ All~ayolu The night became dark: (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K:) or the pleasant coolness of the night came. (T, TA.) see 9, in two places. ― -b2- Also AixaDaAl~ati Al$~ajarapu, inf. n. AixoDiylalN; (S;) or AxDAl~ Al$~ajaru, and ↓ AixoDaA^al~a; (IDrd, K;) The tree, or trees, had many branches and leaves: (IDrd, S, K:) or became green, and fresh, or sappy, in the branches thereof. (TA.) : see 9. : see 11. Moisture. (TA. [But perhaps this may be a mistranscription for xaDalN, inf. n. of xaDila.]) -A2- Also, (JK, T, K,) and ↓ xaDalN, (ISd, K,) Pearls: (JK, K:) or clear large pearls: (K:) or good, clear, lustrous, large pearls: of the dial. of Yethrib. (TA.) ― -b2- And A well-known kind of beads: (ISk, K:) or a red bead: or a bead of ivory: (TA:) n. un. with p. (K.) ― -b3- And dur~apN xaDolapN, (TA,) or ↓ xaADilapN, (JK,) A clear large pearl. (JK, TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. A thing, (S,) or roasted meat, (JK, T, M, K,) moist, or juicy, (JK, T, S,) and well cooked: (T:) or dripping with its gravy; or succulent, and dripping with its juice: (M, K:) and anything moist so that its moisture becomes sprinkled, or scattered in drops; (JK, M, K; *) as also ↓ xaADilN. (K: in the copies of which we find yatara$~afu in the place of yatara$~a$u; the latter being the reading in the [JK and] M, TA.) ― -b2- Applied to a plant, or herbage, Soft, or tender. (S, TA.) ― -b3- And hence metaphorically applied to life: you say Eayo$N xaDilN, (Har pp. 54-55,) and ↓ muxoDilN, and ↓ muxoDil~N, (K,) (tropical:) A soft and delicate life. (K, and Har ubi suprà.) A plentiful, and a pleasant or an easy, and a soft or delicate, state of life. (K, TA. [In the CK, Aln~iEomapu is erroneously put for Aln~aEomapu.]) You say, humo fiY xuDul~apK mina AlEayo$i They are in a plentiful, and a pleasant or an easy, and a soft or delicate, state of life. (TA.) And yawomu xuDul~apK A day of plenty, and pleasure or ease, and softness or delicacy; (JK, K;) or a day of plenty; or of abundance of herbage, or of the goods or conveniences or comforts of life; and of pleasantness and easiness of life. (S, TA.) And nazalonaA fiY xuDul~apK mina AlEu$obi We alighted among green, soft or tender, fresh herbage. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A wife: (K:) or a name for a woman: (K, * TA:) and a soft, or tender, woman. (JK, K.) ― -b3- And The rainbow. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) And A halo round the moon. (AA, TA.) ― -b4- One says also, daEoniY mino xuDul~aAtika, meaning Let me alone, and cease from thy vain, or false, sayings or actions. (TA.) A rawoDap [or meadow] (IDrd, S, K) that is luxuriant and moist. (IDrd.) : see xaDilN. ― -b2- dur~apN xaADilapN: see xaDolN. : see xaDilN. : see mixoDalN. : see xaDilN. xDm , aor. ; (S, K;) and xaDama, aor. ; (JK, K;) inf. n. xaDomN; (JK, S, K;) He (a man) ate a thing with the whole of the mouth: (As, S:) or he ate, (K,) in a general sense: (TA:) or he ate with the more remote of the teeth: (K:) qaDomN signifies the “ eating with the nearer of the teeth; ” (TA;) [i. e., “ with the teeth of the fore part of the mouth: ” or the “ eating with the extremities of the teeth: ” see art. qDm:] or [he ate so that] he filled his mouth with that which he ate: or it relates peculiarly to the thing that is moist, or juicy, as the cucumber, (K,) and the like: (TA:) or he ate in the enjoyment of a plentiful and pleasant life: (JK, TA:) or xaDomN referring to a man is like qaDomN referring to a beast. (TA.) ― -b2- And xaDamahu, aor. , (JK, K,) inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ AxtDmhu; (JK, K;) He cut it; or cut it off: (K:) or he cut it in pieces. (JK.) ― -b3- xaDama lahu mino maAlihi, (K,) accord. to IAar, (TA,) signifies He gave him of his property; (K;) [as though he cut off for him a portion thereof;] but Th rejects this, and says that it is haDama. (TA.) see 1. ― -b2- [Hence,] Als~ayofu yaxotaDimu jafonahu The sword cuts, and eats, its scabbard, (K,) by reason of its sharpness; mentioned by J as a meaning of yaxotaDimu: [see 8 in art. xSm:] and yaxotaSimu AlEaZoma cuts the bone: and Al*~iraAEa [the fore arm]. (TA.) ― -b3- And AxtDm AlT~ariyqa He stopped the way, robbing and slaying passengers. (K.) : see xuSomN. i. q. xaSomapN, (K,) i. e. A certain bead, or gem, mentioned before. (TA.) : see what next follows. A thing that is eaten in the manner termed xaDomN; [see 1;] (K;) as also ↓ xuDaAmN [expressly said to be like guraAbN, otherwise it would seem to be xaDaAmN, like qaDaAmN, to which it is opposed,] (TA,) [and ↓ maxoDamN, as is indicated in the K in art. qDm, opposed to maqoDamN in that art. (q. v.) in the S and K.] : see what next precedes. xT , aor. , inf. n. xaT~N, He made [a line, or lines, or] a mark, EalaY AlA^aroDi, upon the ground. (Msb.) You say, xaT~a Alz~aAjiru fiY AlA^aroDi, aor. and inf. n. as above, The diviner made a line, or a mark, or lines, or marks, upon the ground, and then divined. (TA.) And Alz~aAjiru yaxuT~u biA_iSobaEihi fiY Alr~amoli wayazojuru [The diviner makes lines, or marks, with his finger upon the sand, and divines]. (S.) Th says, on the authority of IAar, that Eilomu AlxaT~i is Eilomu Alr~amoli [or geomancy]: I 'Ab says that it is an ancient science, which men have relinquished: but Lth says that it is practised to the present time; [to which I may add, that it has not even now ceased; being still practised on sand and the like, and also on paper;] and they have conventional terms which they employ in it, and they elicit thereby the secret thoughts &c., and often hit upon the right therein: the diviner comes to a piece of soft ground, and he has a boy, with whom is a style; and the master makes many lines, or marks, in haste, that they may not be counted; then he returns, and obliterates leisurely lines, or marks, two by two; and if there remain two lines, or marks, they are a sign of success, and of the attainment of the thing wanted: while he obliterates, his boy says, for the sake of auguring well, AibonaYo EiyaAno A^asoriEaA AlbayaAno [O two sons of 'Iyán (meaning two lines or marks), hasten ye the manifestation]: I 'Ab says that when he has obliterated the lines, or marks, and one remains, it is the sign of disappointment: and AZ and Lth relate the like of this. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh Ibn-El-Hakam Es-Sulamee, traced up by him to its author, kaAna nabiY~N mina AlA^anobiyaA='i yaxuT~u famano xaT~ahu Ealima mivola Eilomihi [A prophet of the prophets used to practise geomancy; and he who matches his geomancy knows the like of his knowledge]. (TA.) You say also, when a man is meditating upon his affair, and considering what may be its issue, or result, fulaAnN yaxuT~u fiY AlA^aroDi (tropical:) [Such a one makes lines, or marks, upon the ground]. (TA.) [See also nakata: and see St. John's Gospel, ch. viii. verses 6 and 8.] And xaT~a birijolihi AlA^aroDa means (tropical:) He walked, or went along. (TA.) ― -b2- Also, (S, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, K,) He wrote (S, Msb, K) a writing, or book, (Msb,) or a thing, (TA,) with the reed prepared for that purpose, (S, K,) or with some other thing; (K, TA;) [and so ↓ xT~T, for] taxoTiyTN is syn. with tasoTiyrN, or, as in the T, like tsTyr; whence the saying, xuT~iTato Ealayohi *unuwbuhu His sins were written [or registered] against him. (TA.) ― -b3- xaT~a AlxiT~apa, and xaT~ahaA linafosihi: see 8; for the latter, in two places. ― -b4- [Hence,] xaT~a Ealayohi (assumed tropical:) He prohibited it; or took it for himself; relating to anything. (K, TA.) ― -b5- xuT~u waHohuhu: or xaT~a: see 8. ― -b6- xaT~a AlgulaAmu: see 8. ― -b7- xaTaTotu biAls~ayofi wajohahu wawasaTahu (tropical:) [I cut, or clave, with the sword his face and his waist]. (TA.) And xaT~ahu biAls~ayofi niSofayoni (tropical:) [He clave him, or it, in halves with the sword]. (TA.) And jaAraAhu famaA xaT~a gubaArahu (tropical:) He contended with him in running, and did not cleave his dust. (JK, S, * A, L.) ― -b8- xaT~a A@ll~`hu nawo'ahaA [God made its (a land's) rain-giving star or asterism (see nawo'N) to pass it over: or may God make &c.]: from xaTiyTapN signifying “ a land not rained upon between two lands that have been rained upon: ” (S, TA: *) it was said by I' Ab [in a tropical sense, by way of imprecation, with reference to a woman], when he was asked respecting a man who had put the affair of his wife in her own hand and she had in consequence divorced him by a triple sentence: (S:) accord. to one relation, it is xaT~aA^a; the meaning being “ may he make its rain to miss it: ” (S, TA:) and accord. to another, ↓ xaT~aY, originally xaT~aTa, like taqaD~aY AlbaAziY: the former, or first, is the weaker, or weakest, in authority, of these relations. (TA. [See also 2 in art. xTA^.]) , inf. n. taxoTiyTN, [He marked with lines, streaks, or stripes. Also] He wove a piece of cloth with lines, streaks, or stripes. (KL.) And He drew lines well and elegantly. (KL.) ― -b2- See also 1, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph. see 8, in three places. , (Msb, K,) or AxtT~hA linafosihi, (S,) He took the xiT~ap [q. v.] to himself, and (K) made a mark upon it, (S, K,) in order to its being known that he had chosen it to build there a house; (S, TA;) as also ↓ xaT~ahaA; (as in some copies of the K;) or ↓ AxT~hA; (as in other copies of the K, and as in the TA;) and linafosihi ↓ xaT~ahaA: (TA:) and he alighted and took up his abode in the xiT~ap, none having done so before him; as also linafosihi ↓ xaT~ahaA. (K.) [And hence, AxtT~ signifies also He founded a town or the like.] ― -b2- AxtT~ wajohuhu (tropical:) His face became marked with lines [app. by the growth of his beard]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ xaT~a; (K, L, TA;) or ↓ xuT~a; (JK;) or ↓ AxT~: (CK:) or (tropical:) the hair of his beard extended [so as to form lines] upon the two sides of his face. (A, TA.) ― -b3- AxtT~ AlgulaAmu (tropical:) The two sides of the boy's, or young man's, beard grew forth; (S, L, K, TA;) as also ↓ xaT~a; or ↓ AxT~. (K, accord. to different copies.) A line, streak, or stripe; in, or upon, a thing: (K:) pl. xuTuwTN (S, K) and A^axoTaATN; (K;) the latter, [a pl. of pauc.,] used by El-'Ajjáj: (TA:) and ↓ xuT~apN is [syn. with xaT~N as explained above, being] a subst. form [the inf. n.] AlxaT~u, like as nuqoTapN is from Aln~aqoTu: (S, K: *) you say, ↓ EalaY Zahori AlHimaAri xuT~ataAni Upon the back of the ass are two lines, or streaks, differing in colour from the rest of the body. (TA.) ― -b2- [In mathematics, A line. And hence, xaT~u AlAisotiwaA='i The equinoctial line.] ― -b3- A slight track, or path, or road, in plain, or smooth, or soft, ground: pl. as above. (K.) And A road, or path: (Th, K:) as in the saying, Ailozamo *`lika AlxaT~a walaA taZolimo minohu $ayoy^FA [Keep thou to that road, or path, and do not deviate from it at all]: or in this sense the word is ↓ xuT~N. (TA.) Also A road, or way, or street, that is a common thoroughfare; and so ↓ xuT~N. (IDrd, K.) ― -b4- (tropical:) [A streak, or stripe, of herbage.] You say, AlkalaA^u xuTuwTN fiY AlA^aroDi (tropical:) The herbage consists of streaks, or stripes, upon the ground; the rain not having watered the country in common. (L, TA.) ― -b5- Writing, and the like. (TA.) [Handwriting. Character; or particular form of letters. ― -b6- See also 1.] : see xaT~N, in two places. ― -b2- The place of the tribe. (AA, K.) : see xiT~apN: ― -b2- and see also xaTiyTN, in two places. : see xaT~N, in two places. ― -b2- Also An affair: a matter: a case: an event: a state, or condition: syn. A^amorN: (S, K:) and qiS~apN: (S:) or the like of qiS~apN: (JK, K:) and xaTobN: and HaAlN: (TA:) or HaAlapN: (Msb:) or, as some say, a dubious affair, of great magnitude or moment, to accomplish which, or to perform which, one finds not the way: (Har p. 436:) and a quality, or property. (Msb.) You say, sumotuhu xuT~apa xasofK [I required, or constrained, him to do an affair of difficulty; or to become in a state of abasement, or ignominy]: and xuT~apa suwo'K [an evil affair]. (L.) And huwayukal~ifuniY xuT~apF mina Alxasofi [He requires, or constrains, me to do an affair of difficulty; &c.]. (JK. [See also xasofN.]) And it is said in a trad., of Keyleh, A^ayulaAmu A@bonu h`*ihi A^ano yafoSila AlxuT~apa wayanotaSira mino waraA='i AlHajazapi [Is the son of this woman to be blamed for deciding the affair, or matter, or case, &c., and defending himself in the absence of the wrongdoers who would prevent his obtaining his right; or, of those who defend men, one from another, and decide between them justly?]: i. e., when a dubious event, to the encountering of which he does not find the right way, befalls him, that he should not care for it, but decide it so as to settle it and extricate himself from it. (S, TA.) [See also HaAjizN.] Also, in a trad. respecting El-Hodeybiyeh, laAyasoA^luwniY xuT~apF yuEaZ~imuwna fiyhaA HurumaAti A@ll~`hi taEaAlaY A_il~aA A^aEoTiyotuhumo A_iy~aAhaA [They shall not ask of me a matter wherein they honour the sacred things of God, (exalted be He,) but I will grant it to them]. (TA.) And in the same, qado EaraDa Ealayokumo xuT~apa ru$odK faA@qobaluwhaA He hath proposed to you a case of evident rectitude; therefore do ye accept it. (TA.) And Taäbbatasharrà says, humaA xaT~ataA A_im~aA A_isaArN wamin~apN waA_im~aA damN waAlqatolu biAlHur~i A^ajodaru [They are two case; either bondage and reproach, or else blood; and slaughter is more befitting to the free, or ingenuous]: he means xuT~ataAni. (S. [See Ham p. 34.]) ― -b3- Also A course: as in the phrase xuT~apN naAy^iyapN A distant, or far-extending, course. (S, TA.) You say also, xu*o xuT~apF, i. e. xu*o xuT~apa AlAinotiSaAfi [Take thou the course of exacting thy right, or due, with equity]; meaning AinotaSifo [exact thou thy right, or due, with equity]. (S.) ― -b4- A proof; an evidence; a testimony; an argument; a plea; or an allegation; syn. Huj~apN. (O, TA.) So in the phrase, A^aqimo EalaY h`*aA AlA^amori bixuT~apK [app. Establish thou a proof, &c., against this thing, or case]; as is said in the “ Nawádir. ” (TA.) ― -b5- An object of want which one has determined to accomplish: as in the saying, jaA='a wafiY raA^osihi xuT~apN He came having in his mind [lit. his head] an object of want &c. : [but see the last sentence in this paragraph:] the vulgar say xuTobapN: (S, L:) the former is the word used by the Arabs: (L:) the latter, however, occurs in the “ Nawádir ” of AZ; therefore the attribution of it to the vulgar demands consideration. (TA.) ― -b6- Boldness to undertake affairs. (K.) ― -b7- Ignorance. (K.) You say, fiY raA^osihi xuT~apN In his head is ignorance: or, as some say, some affair: and it has another meaning explained above. (TA.) A piece of ground, or land, which a man takes to himself, and upon which he makes a mark, in order to its being known that he has chosen it to build there a house; whence the xiTaT of El-Koofeh and of El-Basrah: (S:) or a piece of ground, and a house, which a man takes to himself, and upon which he makes a mark, in land not possessed, that he may have it for himself exclusively, and build there; this being done when the Sultán gives permission to a number of the Muslims to found houses in a particular place, and to make their abodes there, as they did in El-Koofeh and El-Basrah: (L:) or a place which is taken and marked for building houses, or for habitation, or the like: (Mgh, Msb:) or, as is said in the Bári', a piece of ground, or land, which a man takes to himself, and upon which he makes a mark, it not having belonged to any one before him; as also ↓ xiT~N; (Msb;) which latter is explained by IDrd as signifying a place which one takes to himself, and marks, from other places: (IB, L:) or both signify a piece of land in which one alights and takes up his abode, none having done so before him: (K:) the pl. of the former is HiTazN. (S, Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] fulaAnN bay~inN xiTaTi AlmakaArimi (tropical:) [Such a one exhibits in himself the marks of generous, or honourable, qualities]. (TA.) A wild bull, (S, L,) and any beast, (L,) that marks the ground with the extremities of his hoofs. (S, L.) [A valley not rained upon]. (AO, TA voce xaTowapN, q. v.) And xaTiyTapN [or A^aroDN xaTiyTapN] Land not rained upon; (TA;) as also ↓ xiT~N: (K:) or land not rained upon between two lands that have been rained upon: (S, K:) or land of which part has been rained upon, (K, TA,) and part has not: (TA:) or land not rained upon surrounded by land that has been rained upon; (ISh;) as also ↓ the latter word: (AHn:) pl. of the former, xaTaAy^iTu. (S.) ― -b2- Hence the saying of a certain Arab, to his son, Ailozamo xaTiyTapa Al*~ul~i maxaAfapa maA huwa A^a$ad~u minohu (tropical:) [Keep thou to the condition of abasement in fear of what is more grievous than it]. (IAar, M.) ― -b3- xaTiyTapN also signifies A strip of ground differing in roughness and smoothness from what is on either side of it: pl. as above. (L.) A practiser of what is termed Eilomu AlxaT~i [or geomancy]. (Lth.) ― -b2- [Also A practiser of the art of writing:] a caligraphist. (KL.) Spears of El-Khatt; so called from AlxaT~u, a place in El-Yemámeh, (S, Msb,) also called xaT~u hajarK, (S,) because they are brought thither (S, Msb) from India, (S,) and straightened in that place, (S, Msb, *) which is a coast for ships; not that the canes grow there: (Msb:) or they are so called from AlxaT~u which is the station for ships in El-Bahreyn, because they are sold there; not that it is the place of their growth: this place is also called AlxiT~u: (K:) but this demands consideration; for it is said [in the 'Eyn, i. e.] by Lth, (TA,) or by Kh, (Msb,) that when you convert the rel. n. into a subst., you say ↓ xiTiy~apN, (Msb, TA,) with kesr to the x, (Msb,) without rmAH, like as you say, viyaAbN qiboTiy~apN, (Msb, TA,) with kesr, (Msb,) but when you convert the rel. n. into a subst., you say, quboTiy~apN, (Msb, TA,) with damm, to distinguish the subst. from the rel. n., without vyAb: (Msb:) a single spear of this kind is called rumoHN xaT~iY~N: (TA:) AHn says that AlxaT~iY~u signifies the spears; and that it is a rel. n. used in the manner of a proper name; being a rel. n. from AlxaT~u, which is xaT~u AlbaHorayoni, where ships moor when they come from India. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. (assumed tropical:) Delicate in beauties. (IAar.) [See also muxaT~aTN.] [A place marked with a line or lines, with a streak or streaks, or with a stripe or stripes]. (TA in art. Tr.) A wooden instrument with which one makes lines or marks or the like: (S:) or the wooden instrument with which the weaver makes lines or marks or the like, in, or upon, a piece of cloth. (L, K.) A [garment of the kind called] kisaA=', (S, TA,) and a date, and a wild animal, (TA,) or anything, (K, TA,) marked with lines, streaks, or stripes. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) Beautiful; (K, TA;) applied to a boy [whose hair of his beard has appeared upon the sides of his face, forming lines]; as also ↓ muxotaT~N [originally muxotaTiTN: see 8]. (TA.) [A wooden ruler;] an instrument of wood by means of which lines are made even. (S, O.) A book or the like written in, or upon. (TA.) : see muxaT~aTN. xTA^ xaTiy^a is syn. with ↓ AxTA^, inf. n. A_ixoTaA='N and ↓ xaATiy^apN, (K,) which latter, mentioned by AAF, on the authority of AZ, is extr. in the case of a triliteral [unaugmented] verb, and more so in the case of a quadriliteral [i. e. a triliteral augmented by one letter]; (TA;) and with ↓ txT~A^; signifying He did wrong; or committed a mistake, or an error: (K:) [and if this and similar explanations be correct, xaTaA^o may be an inf. n. of the first of these verbs, and a quasi-inf. n. of the second and third:] or ↓ AxTA^ and ↓ txT~A^ have this signification: (S:) and xaTiy^a, aor. , inf. n. xiTo'N and xiToA^apN, (S, K,) signifies he committed a sin, a crime, or an act of disobedience for which he deserved punishment: (S, K: *) or he committed a fault or an offence or an act of disobe dience [in an absolute sense]: (K, * TA:) or, accord. to AO, (Msb,) or A' Obeyd, (TA,) xaTiy^a, inf. n. xiTo'N, signifies he committed a fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience, unintentionally; as also ↓ AxTA^: (Msb, TA:) or, as others say, xaTiy^a means [he committed a fault, &c.,] in religion; and ↓ AxTA^, in anything; intentionally or unintentionally: (Msb:) xaTiy^a, in religion; and ↓ AxTA^, in calculation [&c.]: (As, M, TA:) or, accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, (TA,) you say, xaTiy^a fiY diynihi, (K, TA, [in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK, * fY *anobihi,]) and ↓ AxTA^, meaning he pursued a wrong way in his religion, intentionally or otherwise: (K, TA:) or xaTiy^a signifies he committed an act of disobedience intentionally; (Msb, TA;) so accord. to the 'Ináyeh, and the like is said in the A; (TA;) and ↓AxTA^, he did wrong, meaning to do right: (Az, Msb, TA:) [and this distinction is agreeable with general usage:] accord. to AHeyth, you say, xaTiy^ota bimaA SanaEotuhu [Thou didst wrong, in that which thou didst,] intentionally; and ↓A^axoTaA^ota maA SanaEotahu [or bimaA SnEtp or fiymaA SnEth Thou didst wrong, in that which thou didst,] unintentionally. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 4, in two places. -A2- xaTaA^ati Alqidoru bizabadihaA, aor. , (tropical:) The cooking-pot threw up its froth, or foam, or scum, (K, TA,) in boiling. (TA.) , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. taxoTiy^apN and taxoTiYo'N, (S, K,) He said to him, A^axoTaA^ota [meaning Thou hast done wrong, or committed a mistake or an error]: (S, Msb, K:) or he pronounced him, or asserted him, to be doing wrong, or committing a mistake or an error. (Msb.) You say, A_ino A^axoTaA^otu faxaT~iy^oniY [If I do wrong, &c., tell me that I have done so]. (S.) ― -b2- Also He made it to miss: so in the saying, xaT~aA^a A@ll~`hu nawo'ahaA God made, or may God make, its [i. e. a land's] star, or asterism, to miss; so that the rain which the star or asterism should have brought did not, or shall not, fall upon it. (TA.) This was [also] said by I'Ab [in a tropical sense] with reference to a woman, as an imprecation, in disapproval of her conduct. (Mgh.) As some relate this saying, the verb is xaT~aY, (Mgh, TA,) and the meaning, God made, or may God make, its [rain-giving] star or asterism, to pass it over, and not send rain upon it: and in this case it may be, (TA,) or it is, (Mgh,) from xaTiyTapN, signifying “ a land not rained upon (Mgh, TA) between two lands that have been rained upon; ” (Mgh;) the verb being originally xaT~aTa, and the final T being changed into Y. (Mgh, TA. [See art xT.]) nawo' is [here] the sing. of A^anowaA='N meaning the “ Mansions of the Moon, ” also called the “ stars, or asterisms, of rain. ” (Mgh.) [See more in the first paragraph of art. xT: and see also 4 in the present art.] Accord. to Fr, xaT~aY Als~ahoma and xaT~aA^ahu are syn. [as meaning He made the arrow to pass over, or to miss, the mark]. (TA.) One says also, xuT~iy^u Eanoka Als~uwo'u [May evil be made to miss thee;] i. e. may evil be repelled from thee. (ISk.) And xaT~aA^a Eanoka Als~uwo'u [app. for ↓taxaT~aA^a] Evil missed thee, or may evil miss thee. (AZ.) , inf. n. A_ixoTaA='N and xaATiy^apN: see 1, in eight places. A^axoTayotu, for A^axoTaA^otu, should not be said: (S:) it is a word of weak authority; or a mispronunciation: (K:) but some use it; (S, Sgh, TA;) because a change of this kind is generally allowed by some of the writers on inflection. (TA.) See also 5. -A2- AxTA^hu, (S, K,) which signifies, He [or it] missed, or failed of hitting, it [or him], (TA,) and ↓txATA^hu (S, K) and ↓txT~A^hu (K) and lahu ↓txT~A^ (TA) [and ↓xaTiy^ahu, as will be seen from what follows,] are syn. (S, K, TA.) [See also 2, last sentence.] You say, AxTA^ Alr~aAmiY AlgaraDa The archer, or thrower, missed the mark; or failed of hitting it. (TA.) And AxTA^hu Als~ahomu The arrow [missed it, or him, or] passed beyond it, or him: and you may also say, A^axoTaAhu, suppressing the ' (Msb.) And AxTA^ AlT~ariyqa [He missed the way; or] he deviated from the way. (TA.) And AxTA^ nawow^uhu [(assumed tropical:) His star, or asterism, missed]; said of him who has sought an object of want and not succeeded in attaining it: (TA:) and to a person in this case one says, AxTA^ nawow^uka [(assumed tropical:) Thy star, or asterism, has missed]. (Mgh. [See also 2.]) And AxTA^hu The right, or due, was, or became, [out of his reach,] or far from him. (Msb.) Owfà Ibn-Matar ElMázinee says, Aln~abolu A^aHo$aA='ahu↓taxaATaA^ati [meaning The arrows missed his bowels]. (S.) And AO, (S,) or A' Obeyd, (TA,) says that ↓xaTiy^a and AxTA^ are syn.; citing, as an ex., the saying of Imra-el-Keys, yaA lahofa hinodK A_i*o xaTiy^ona kaAhilaA (S, TA,) meaning [O the grief of Hind,] when they (the troop of horse) missed the sons of Káhil; (TA;) xTy^n being here used in the sense of A^axoTaA^ona, (S, TA,) which latter, accord. to Az, is the more proper in this case. (TA.) -A3- maA A^axoTaA^ahu is an expression of wonder [meaning How sinful, or criminal, or intentionally-disobedient, or intentionally-wrongdoing, is he !] from xaTiy^a, not from A^axoTaA^a. (S.) see 1, in two places: ― -b2- and see also 2, last sentence; and 4, in two places. ― -b3- txT~A^ lahu fiY AlmasoA^alapi He addressed to him the question with the desire of causing him to make a mistake: (TA:) or i. q. ↓A^axoTaA^a. (S.) -A2- taxaT~uw^N also signifies The feigning a wrong action, a mistake, or an error. (KL. [See also 6.]) -A3- And The charging another with a wrong action, a mistake, or an error. (KL. [See also 2.]) He imputed to himself a wrong action, a mistake, or an error, not having committed any. (KL. [See also 5.]) -A2- See also 4, in two places. She (a camel) did not conceive, or become pregnant. (TA. [See also the part. n., below.]) :see xaTaA^N. : see xaTiyoy^apN. A wrong action; a mistake, or an error; contr. of SawaAbN; as also ↓xaTaA='N (S, Msb, K) and ↓xaTo'N: (K:) accord. to some, it is syn. with xaTiyoy^apN and xiTo'N; and is an inf. n. used as a simple subst; but accord. to others, (TA,) it signifies an unintentional fault or offence or disobedience; (K, TA;) a subst. from A^axoTaA^a: (M, Msb: [see 1, first sentence:]) and accord. to the M, ↓xaTaA='N is a subst. from xaTiy^ [and therefore syn. with xaTiyoy^apN accord. to the general acceptation of xaTiy^a]. (TA.) [so in the TA, app. xaToA^apN,] A land which the rain misses, while it falls upon another near it. (TA. [See 2.]) : see xaTaA^N, in two places. (S, K) and xaTiy~apN, a change of this kind being allowable in this and in similar cases, (S, TA,) A fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience; (S, K;) or such as is intentional; (K;) like ↓xiTo'N, (S, K;) which is an inf. n., thus used as a subst.; (Msb;) meaning a sin, a crime, or an act of disobedience for which one deserves punishment: (S:) pl. xaTaAyaA, (Lth, S, K,) originally xaTaAy^iy^u; (Lth, S;) and xaTaAy^iY also, (K, TA, [in a MS. copy of the K xaTaAy^iy^u,]) or this is [anomalous and] incorrect, unless with the art. Al, being otherwise xaTaA='N; (MF;) and xaTaAy^iY~u, [an anomalous pl.,] of which Th gives an ex. in the following verse, related to him by IAar; likul~i A@moriy^K maA qad~amato nafosuhu lahu xaTaAy^iy~uhaA A_ino A^axoTaA^ato waSawaAbuhaA [For every man is appointed, in the world to come, the recompense of what his soul has prepared, or laid up in store, for him, its wrong actions, if it have done wrong; and its right action]. (L.) ― -b2- xaTiyoy^apN yawomN and xaTiyoy^apN layolapN are expressions like TiylN yawomN and TiylN layolapN: you say, xaTiyoy^apN yawomN yamur~u biY A_il~aA A^araY fiyhi fulaAnFA [app. meaning It were a crime that a day should pass with me without my seeing in it such a one; or perhaps, it is a rare event that a day passes with me &c. : see what follows]. (TA.) ― -b3- A little, or small quantity; or a few, or small number; of anything. (K, TA.) You say, EalaY Aln~xolapi xaTiyoy^apN mino waHo$K [Upon the palm-tree are a few fresh ripe dates]: and xaT~aA='N [In the land of the sons of such a one is] a small number of wild animals that have missed their [wonted] places and are in what are not their accustomed places. (TA.) A man who constantly adheres to faults, offences, sins, crimes, or acts of disobedience for which he deserves punishment. (TA.) Intentionally doing that which is not right; (El-Umawee, S;) intentionally pursuing a wrong way in his religion; (K;) intentionally doing that which he is forbidden to do. (Msb.) [See xaTiy^a, of which it is the part. n.] ― -b2- [Also Missing the mark. Hence the saying,] maEa AlxawaATiy^i sahomN SaAy^ibN [With those that miss is an arrow that goes right, or hits the mark]; (S, K;) xawaATiy^u being pl. of xaATiy^apN, meaning that misses the butt: (Har p. 481:) a prov., (S,) applied to him who frequently errs, but sometimes does right; (S, K;) or to the niggard who sometimes gives notwithstanding his niggardliness. (A 'Obeyd.) : see 1, first sentence. [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.;] One who does wrong, meaning to do right. (El-Umawee, S.) [ signifies the same as mutaxaT~K, or nearly so: and hence the saying,] naAqatuka mina AlmutaxaT~iy^aAti Aljyf, (TA in the present art.,) or naAqatuka h`*ihi mina AlmutaxaT~iyaAti Aljyf, [the last word being app. Aljiyafa, and the lit. meaning, Thy she-camel, or this thy she-camel, is of those that step over the carcasses;] i. e. she is hardy and strong, such as will go on, and leave behind [others that have fallen down and died] (txlf [so in the TA, app.tuxal~ifu,]) until she [herself] has fallen down (AlY mA^ sqTt). (AZ, TA in art. xTw.) musotaxoTiy^apN, applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) i. q. HaAy^ilN [i. e. Not conceiving, or not becoming pregnant during a year, or two years, or some years; &c.: see its verb, 10]. (K, TA.) xTb , (S, K,) or xaTaba xuTobapF, (A,) aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xuTobapN, (S, K,) or this, accord. to some, is a subst. used as an inf. n., (TA,) and xaTaAbapN, (K,) said of a xaTiyb (A) or xaATib, (K,) [He recited a xuTobap (q. v. infrà),] EalaY Alminobari [upon the pulpit]; (S, K;) as also ↓AxtTb. (S.) And xaTaba Alqawoma, (Msb,) and EalaY Alqawomi, (Th, Msb,) aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xuTobapN, (Th, Msb,) [He recited a xuTobap to the people, and over the people, i. e. on the pulpit, beneath which they sat: or] he delivered an exhortation, or admonition, to the people. (Msb.) ― -b2- xaTaba AlmaroA^apa, (S, A, * Msb, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. xiTobapN, (S, A, K) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and xaTobN (Lh, K) and xiT~iybaY; (T, S, * K;) and ↓AxtTbhA; (S, K;) He asked, or demanded, the woman in marriage. (Msb.) In the following verse of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, respecting Jedheemeh El-Abrash, and his asking in marriage Ez-Zebbà, lixiT~iybaY Al~atiY gadarato waxaAnato wahun~a *awaAtu gaAy^ilapK luHiynaA [For the asking in marriage of her who acted perfidiously and treacherously: for they (i. e. women) are possessed of secret malevolence: may they be disgraced and accursed:] xT~ybY is syn. with xiTobap: (S:) accord. to Lth, it is a simple subst.; but AM says that he is in error, and that it is an inf. n. (TA.) You say also, xaTaba AlmaroA^apa A_ilaY Alqawomi He asked, or demanded, the woman in marriage, of the people. (Msb.) And xaTaba A_ilaY fulaAnK [He asked, or demanded, a woman in marriage, of such a one]. (TA.) And xaTaba EalaY xiTobapi A^axiyhi He asked, or demanded, a woman in marriage, when another had done so, and she had inclined to the latter, and he and she had agreed to a certain dowry, and had approved each other, and nothing remained but to conclude the contract; the doing of which is forbidden: but it is not forbidden to ask in marriage a woman when another has done so if she and the latter have not agreed, nor approved each other, nor has either of them inclined to the other. (TA.) ― -b3- fulaAnN yaxoTubu Eamala ka*aA (tropical:) Such a one seeks, or desires, to do such a thing. (A, TA.) -A2- xaTuba, [aor. ,] inf. n. xaTaAbapN, He became a xaTiyb (S.) -A3- xaTiba, aor. , (JK, K,) inf. n. xaTabN, (S, TA,) He, or it, was, or became, of the colour termed xuTobapN: (S, * K:) or his, or its, colour was, or became, what is thus termed. (JK.) He granted his request of a woman in marriage; as also ↓AxTbhu. (TA.) , (A, Msb, TA,) or xATbhu biAlkalaAmi, (S, TA,) inf. n. muxaATabapN and xiTaAbN, (S, Msb,) He talked, spoke, conversed, or discoursed, with him; held a colloquy, dialogue, conversation, or discourse, with him: (Msb, TA:) he talked to him, spoke to him, or addressed him, face to face; accosted him with speech or words. (A.) [Hence,] Harofu xiTaAbK [A particle of allocution] : such is the t in A^anota and A^anoti, (Mughnee and K on the letter t,) and such is the k in *aAka &c. (I'Ak p. 36; &c.) ― -b2- He consulted with him. (TA.) ― -b3- faSolu AlxiTaAbi [as used in the Kur xxxviii. 19] means The deciding a case, or passing sentence, or judging, with evident demonstration, or proof; or by testimony confirmed by oath: (K, TA:) or the deciding between truth and falsehood, and distinguishing between just judgment and the contrary thereof: (TA:) or understanding, intelligence, sagacity, or knowledge, in judging or passing sentence: or the pronouncing the phrase A^am~aA baEodu, (K, TA,) which David [it is said] was the first to utter, and which means, accord. to Abu-l- 'Abbás, Now, after these preliminary words, [I proceed to say] thus and thus; (TA;) or this last phrase means after my prayer for thee; (K in art. bEd;) or after praising God. (TA in art. bEd [See also art. fSl.]) see 2. ― -b2- [Accord. to the KL, A_ixoTaAbN signifies The inviting one for the purpose of marriage: but I think it is only AixotiTaAbN that has this signification.] ― -b3- A^axoTabaka AlS~ayodu (tropical:) The game, or object of the chase, has become within thy power, or reach; (S, A;) and has become near thee; (S;) faA@romihi [therefore shoot it, or cast at it]. (A.) And AxTbk AlA^amoru (tropical:) The thing, or affair, has become within thy power, or reach. (JK, A. *) -A2- AxTb, said of the colocynth, (JK, S, K,) It became striped with green: (JK, K:) or it became yellow, with green stripes. (S.) And AxTbti AlHinoTapu The wheat became coloured. (TA.) They two talked, spoke, conversed, or discoursed, each with the other; held a colloquy, dialogue, conversation, or discourse, each with the other. (TA.) [Hence, Eurofu Alt~axaATubi The generally-known, generally-received, or conventional, language of conversation.] see 1, in two places. ― -b2- AixotaTabuwhu They invited him to marry a woman of their family: (S, Msb, K:) or they invited him to ask, or demand, in marriage, a woman of their family. (AZ, * A. [See also 4.]) (tropical:) A thing, an affair, or a business, (A, K, MF,) small or great, (K,) that one seeks, or desires, to do, (A,) syn. A^amorN maxoTuwbN, (Ham p. 33,) or that is, or may be, a subject of discourse: this is the primary signification: (MF:) or a great thing or affair: or a thing, or an affair, that is disliked; not one that is liked: or that is liked also: (Ham p.127:) or the cause, or occasion, of a thing or an event: (JK, S:) or an affliction; a calamity: (Msb:) [often used in this last sense in the present day:] and a state, or condition: (TA:) pl. xuTuwbN; (A, Msb, K;) for which xuTub is used in a verse below. (TA.) You say, maAxaTobuka (tropical:) What is the thing, or affair, or business, that thou seekest, or desirest, to do? (A:) or what is thy cause[of coming &c.]? (S.) xaTobN yasiyrN and jaliylN (tropical:) [A little, or an unimportant, and a great, or an important, thing or affair]. (A.) And huwa yuqaAsiY xuTuwba Ald~ahori (tropical:) [He endures, or he contends, or struggles, with, or against, the afflictions, or calamities, of fortune]. (A.) El-Akhtal says, kalamoEi A^ayodiY mavaAkiyla musal~ibapK yanodubona Darosa banaAti Ald~ahori waAlxuTubi (assumed tropical:) [Like the wavings of the hands of mothers bereft of many children, in mourning on account of them, bewailing the biting cruelty of the daughters of misfortune and afflictions] : using AlxuTubi for AlxuTuwbi. (L.) : see the next paragraph, in two places. A man who asks, or demands, a woman in marriage; (S, A, * K; *) as also ↓ xuTobN (MF) and ↓ xaATibN (A, Msb, K) and ↓ xiT~iybN: pl. of the first A^axoTaAbN, (K,) and of the second xuT~aAbN, (A,) and of the last xiT~iybuwna. (K.) You say, huwaxiTobuhaA [and ↓ xaATibuhaA] and ↓ xiT~iybuhaA He is her asker, or demander, in marriage. (K, * TA.) It was a custom, in the Time of Ignorance, for a man to stand up and to say xiTobN, (A, K, *) and ↓ xuTobN, (K,) meaning I am an asker, or demander, in marriage; (MF;) and he who desired to give to him in marriage would reply nikoHN, (A, K, *) and nukoHN, (K,) [meaning I am “ a giver in marriage, ”] and thus marriage was effected: there was a woman among them, called Umm-Khárijeh, and the man who asked her in marriage used to stand at the door of her tent, and say, xiTobN; and she used to reply, nikoHN; (S, * TA;) and hence the prov, A^asoraEu mino nikaAHi A^um~i xaArijapa [Quicker than the marriage of Umm-Khárijeh]. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A woman asked, or demanded, in marriage; (S, A, * K; *) and so ↓ xiTobapN (S, K) and ↓ xuTobapN (Kr, K) and ↓ xiT~iybapN (A, K) and ↓ xiT~iybaY [which is also an inf. n.: see 1] : (K:) or this last signifies a woman often asked, or demanded, in marriage. (JK.) You say, hiYa xiTobuhu and ↓ xiTobatuhu (S, K) &c. (K) She is the person asked, or demanded, in marriage by him. (S, K. *) , a word of the measure fuEolapN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlapN, like nusoxapN in the sense of manosuwxapN, and gurofapN mina AlmaA='i in the sense of magoruwfapN; meaning An exhortation or admonition [recited by a xaTiyb] : (Msb:) a form of words, a discourse, a sermon, a speech, an oration, or a harangue, which the xaTiyb recites on the pulpit: (K, * TA:) [in the noon-service of the congregational mosque on Friday, the xTyb recites two forms of words, each of which is thus termed: the former chiefly consists of expressions of praise to God, blessings on Mohammad and his family and companions, and exhortation to the congregation; and is termed xuTobapu AlwaEoZi: the latter, of praise to God, exhortation, blessings on Mo- hammad and his family and companions, and prayer for the Muslims in general, and especially for the Sovereign; and is termed xuTobapu Aln~aEoti: (see my “ Modern Egyptians, ” ch. iii.:)] or, [accord. to its original signification,] with the [Pagan] Arabs, a discourse, a speech, an oration, or a harangue, [generally applied to one delivered in public,] in rhyming prose; and the like: (Aboo-Is-hák, K:) or the old Arabian xuTobap, in the Pagan and the early Muslim ages, was, in most instances, not in rhyming prose; and the term “ prose, ” as here used, does not exclude what contains poetry introduced by way of testimony and the like: (MF:) or [a tract, or small treatise or discourse,] like a risaAlap, which [is complete in itself, or, in other words,] has a beginning and an end: (T, TA:) the pl. is xuTabN: (Msb:) and ↓ maxaATibu, occurring in the following words of a trad., mino A^aholi AlmaHaA$idi waAlmaxaATibi, meaning of those who congregate, and harangue people, exciting them to go forth and assemble for seditious purposes, is said to be used in the same sense as xuTab, and to be a pl. [of xuTobapN], contr. to rule, like ma$aAbihu [pl. of $abahN] and malaAmiHu [pl. of lamoHapN]: or it is pl. of ↓ maxoTabapN, which is syn. with xuTobapN: (TA:) or it [is pl. of ↓ maxoTabN, and] signifies places of haranguing. (L in art. H$d.) You say, xuTobapF HasanapF ↓ xaTaba AlxaTiybu [The xTyb recited a beautiful xTbp]. (A.) -A2- See also xiTobN -A3- Also A turbid, or dusky, colour, (K,) or a colour inclining to turbidness or duskiness, (TA,) mixed with yellowish red; (K, TA;) like the colour of wheat before it dries, and that of some wild asses: (TA:) and a green [app. here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-] colour: (TA:) or a dust-colour suffused with xuDorap: [or a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour: see A^axoTabu:] (A, K:) or xuDorap mixed with black. (TA.) ― -b2- The saying, Albay~inu AlxuTobapi ↓ A^anota AlA^axoTabu, which might be imagined to ascribe to the person addressed perspicuity, or eloquence, in his xuTobap, really means Thou art [the asinine;] he who bears evidence of AlHimaAriy~ap [i. e. asinineness]. (A.) an inf. n. of xaTaba AlmaroA^apa: (S, A, K:) or a simple subst. (Msb.) -A2- See also xiTobN, in two places. , and xuTobaAnapN: see A^axoTabu, in four places. ― -b2- The former is also the name of A certain plant, (K,) of the most bitter of herbs, (TA,) resembling the hiloyawon [or asparagus], (K,) or like the tails of serpents, with thin extremities resembling [in colour] the violet, or blacker; the part next below being green; and the part next below that, to the roots, white: whence the saying, A^amar~u mina AlxuTobaAni [More bitter than the xTbAn]; in which xTbAn has been erroneously said to be pl. of A^axoTabu, like as suwdaAnN is pl. of A^asowadu (TA.) : see A^axoTabu [Of a dusky colour, inclining to black, in a great degree; or very dusky]: the latter word is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (K.) [A speaker; generally a public speaker; an orator; a preacher;] a reciter of a xuTobap, (A, Msb, TA,) [and particularly] on the pulpit; (TA;) i. q. ↓ xaATibN [in these senses; but the latter is generally used in another sense, explained above, voce xiTobN]: (S, TA:) or one who recites a xuTobap well; (K, TA;) [a good speaker or orator:] pl. xuTabaA='u. (Msb, TA.) See xuTobapN. You say also, huwa xaTiybu Alqawomi, meaning He is the speaker for the people or party. (Msb.) The office of a xaTiyb of a mosque. (TA.) A man practised in, or accustomed to, the asking, or demanding, women in marriage. (K, * Msb, TA.) : see xiTobN, in two places. : see xiTobN. : see xiTobN. : see xiTobN, in two places: ― -b2- and see also xaTiybN. Of the colour termed xuTobapN. (K.) ― -b2- An ass, (S, A, K,) i. e. a wild ass, (TA,) of a colour tinged with xuDorap [here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour]: (S, K:) or of a dustcolour suffused with xuDorap: (A:) or having a black line, or stripe, along the middle of the back: (Fr, S, K:) fem. xaTobaA='u, applied to a she-ass; (Fr, S;) and likewise to a she-camel. (S, A.) ― -b3- See also xuTobapN. ― -b4- HamaAmapN xaTobaA='u AlqamiySi [A pigeon of the colour termed xuTobapN]. (A.) ― -b5- yadN xaTobaA='u, (K,) and A^anaAmilu xuTobN, (TA, [xuTobN being the pl.,]) [A hand, and fingers' ends,] of which the darkness of the dye imparted by Hin~aA=' has faded: (K, TA:) and in like manner the epithet [A^axoTabu] is sometimes applied to the hair. (TA.) One says also AimoraA^apN xaTobaA='u Al$~afatayoni [A woman pale in the lips; whose lips have lost their deep red hue]. (A.) ― -b6- HanoZalN A^axoTabu, (K,) or ↓ xuTobaAnN, (S,) Colocynths that are yellow, (S,) with green stripes: (S, K:) fem. (applied to a single colocynth, which is termed HanoZalapN, TA) xaTobaA='u, with which ↓ xuTobaAnapN is syn.: the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of this last [or pl. of A^axoTabu] is ↓ xuTobaAnN, and ↓ xiTobaAnN, which is extr. [with respect to rule]. (K.) And ↓ xuTobaAnN (a pl. of A^axoTabu, JK) also signifies Green leaves of the samur. (JK, K.) ― -b7- AlA^axoTabu The [bird called] $aqir~aAq; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) called in Persian, accord. to a marginal note in a copy of the S, kaAsokiynapo: (TA:) or the [bird called] Surad; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because it has a mixture of black and white. (TA.) ― -b8- And The Saqor [or hawk]. (K.) ― -b9- And A certain creeping thing (duwayob~ap) of a green colour, longer than the locust, having six legs; called in Persian $$ PAyh, and sbw$knk. (Mgh.) a [proper] name of A certain bird; (K, TA;) so called because of a xuTobap, i. e. xuDorap, in its wings. (TA.) : see xuTobapN. : see xuTobapN. : see xuTobapN. xTr , (S, A, Mgh, K, TA,) aor. , [in the CK, erroneously, ,] inf. n. xaTorN and xaTaraAnN (S, Mgh, K) and xaTiyrN, (JK, K,) He (a camel, S, Mgh, or a stallion [camel], A, K) raised his tail time after time, and struck his thighs with it: (S:) or lashed with it to the right and left: (K:) or moved about his tail: (A, * Mgh, TA:) the stallion does so in threatening, through pride; (T, TA;) or in fighting with others, as though threatening; (A;) or by reason of emaciation occasioned by severe drought; or by reason of sprightliness: but a she-camel, to inform the stallion that she has become pregnant. (TA.) You say also, gaTara b*nbh, aor. : the g being a substitute for the x: (TA:) or each form may be original; but the latter is the less used. (IJ, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xaTara biromoHihi, (A, * K,) and bisayofihi, (K,) and biqaDiybihi, and bisawoTihi, (TA,) inf. n. xaTaraAnN, (K,) (tropical:) He moved his spear up and down, and his sword, (K, TA,) and his rod, and his whip. (TA.) A man does so with the spear when he walks between the two [opposing] ranks. (A.) ― -b3- And xaTara biyadihi fiY ma$oyihi (tropical:) [He moved his arm up and down in his walking]. (A.) And xaTara fiY mi$oyatihi, (K,) aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xaTaraAnN (K) and xaTiyrN, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He moved his arms up and down in his mode of walking, (K, TA,) inclining his body from side to side at the same time. (TA.) And xaTara, aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xaTaraAnN, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) shook himself in walking; (S;) and walked with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side. (S, TA.) Aljunodu yaxoTiruwna Hawola qaAy^idihimo (assumed tropical:) [The troops strut around their leader] is said when they show their energy to their leader; and in like manner, when they assemble and equip themselves in war. (TA.) ― -b4- And xaTara, aor. , inf. n. xaTorN, (assumed tropical:) He (a man) raised his arm, or hand, with a stone which he lifted for the purpose of trying his strength, to cast, or throw, and shook the stone in lifting it. (TA.) ― -b5- And xaTara biA_iSobaEihi A_ilaY Als~amaA='i (tropical:) He moved his finger, [or raised it towards the sky,] in supplication. (A.) [This one does in the ordinary prayers, in uttering the profession of belief in the unity of God; raising the first finger only (of the right hand, which is placed on the thigh, while sitting on the left foot), and not the hand itself.] ― -b6- And xaTara, (S, K,) aor. , inf. n. xaTaraAnN, (S,) (assumed tropical:) It (a spear) quivered, vibrated, or shook: (S, K:) or moved up and down previously to a thrusting with it. (S.) ― -b7- xaTara bibaAliY, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and EalaY baAliY, (JK, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. (S, ISd, IKtt, Mgh, K) and , (ISd, IKtt, K,) inf. n. xuTuwrN, (JK, S, Mgh, K,) or xaTarN, (Msb,) and xaTaraAnN, (JK,) or this last is a mistranscription, (Mgh,) (tropical:) It bestirred itself in my mind: (A: [see xaATirN:]) or it moved my mind: (Msb:) or it occurred to my mind [absolutely, or] after I had forgotten it. (K.) ― -b8- xaTara Al$~ayoTaAnu bayonahu wabayona qalobihi (assumed tropical:) The devil put vain suggestions into his mind. (TA.) xaTara Ald~ahoru xaTaraAnahu, (S,) or mino xaTaraAnihi, (TA,) (tropical:) [Fortune, or time, produced, or brought to pass, its events, or among its events such and such things]: a phrase like Darba Ald~ahoru DarabaAnahu, (S,) or mino DarabaAnihi. (T, A. [See art. Drb.]) -A2- xaTura, aor. , (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. xuTuwrapN, (S, K,) or xaTarN, (Msb,) (tropical:) He (a man, S &c.) was, or became, eminent, noble, or of high rank, (Msb, K,) or characterized by rank or station. (S, A.) And xaTara, [or this is probably a mistranscription for xaTura,] aor. , inf. n. xaTarN and xuTuwrN, [or, more probably, xuTuwrapN,] (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, great in estimation, rank, or dignity, after having been little in respect thereof. (TA.) , inf. n. taxoTiyrN, (assumed tropical:) He took, got, or won, a bet, wager, or stake. (L in art. ndb, and TA.) , (S, A, Msb, K,) and biqawomihi, (A,) inf. n. muxaATarapN; (TK;) and bqwmh ↓ AxTr; (A;) He placed himself at the point of, or near to, destruction; perilled, imperilled, endangered, jeoparded, hazarded, or risked, himself; (S, A;) and his people or party: (A:) or xATr bnfsh signifies he did that in which fear predominated: (Msb:) or he caused himself to be on the brink of destruction or of attaining dominion. (K.) And xATr binafosihi wamaAlihi He threw himself and his property into destruction. (TA.) And ↓ AxTr lahu ka*aA He hazarded, or risked, to him such a thing. (L.) [See also 4, below.] ― -b2- xAZrhu EalaY ka*aA, (S, A,) or EalaY maAlK, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He laid a bet, wager, or stake, with him, (S, * A, Msb,) for such a thing, (S, A,) or for property. (Msb.) [See, again, 4.] , (S, K,) [and EalaY baAliY, (see 1,)] (tropical:) God caused it [to bestir itself in my mind: or to move my mind: or] to occur to my mind after I had forgotten it. (K.) -A2- See also 3, in two places. ― -b2- AxTrAlmaAla, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. A_ixoTaArN, (Msb,) (tropical:) He made the property a stake (S, A, Msb, K) between the parties betting. (S, Msb, K.) And A^axoTara liY waA^axoTarotu lahu (tropical:) [He laid me a bet and I laid him a bet;] we laid bets, wagers, or stakes, one to another. (K. [See also 3.]) And AxTr Almawota nafosahu (tropical:) He made his soul a stake to death [by exposing it to be taken by death, like as a stake is taken by one of two parties who have betted]. (TA.) And AxTr [alone] (tropical:) He made himself, or his soul, a stake to his adversary, and sallied forth against him. (K.) ― -b3- A^axoTarahumo xaTarFA and AxTr lahumo xaTarFA (assumed tropical:) He gave them liberally, or freely, a lot, portion, or share, or a compensation, such as contented them. (TA.) ― -b4- AxTrhu He (God) made him to be characterized by rank, or station. (A.) ― -b5- AxTr fulaAnN fulaAnFA (assumed tropical:) Such a one became like in rank, or station, to such a one. (K.) And A^uxoTirotu lifulaAnK (assumed tropical:) I was made like to such a one in rank, or station. (Lth, TA.) And A^uxoTira bihi He was made equal. (TA. [See A^unoZira bihi.]) [The stallions of the camels lashed with their tails] previously to their attacking one another. (A.) -A2- txATrwA (tropical:) They laid bets, wagers, or stakes, one with another, (K, TA,) EalaY A^amorK for a thing. (TA.) And txATrA Ealayohi (tropical:) They two laid bets, wagers, or stakes, for it. (A.) : see xiTorN: -A2- and xaTarN, in two places: -A3- and xaATirN. A large number of camels: (S, K:) or forty: (K:) or two hundred; (AHát, K;) and the like of sheep or goats: (TA:) or a thousand thereof: (K:) and more: (TA:) and ↓ xaTorN signifies the same: (K:) pl. A^axoTaArN. (S, K.) -A2- A certain plant, with which one dyes or tinges, himself or his hair, (S, K,) its leaves being put into black dye: (TA:) it resembles the plant called katam, with which it often grows; and old men dye their hair with it: (AHn:) or [the plant called] wasomap: (K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with p. (AHn, K.) ― -b2- Hence, (S,) (tropical:) Milk mixed with much water: (S, K, TA:) as though it were tinged [with the plant so called]. (TA.) ― -b3- And A branch (K) of a tree: pl. xiTarapN, which is extr.; or as though the p were imagined to be elided. (TA.) The being at the point of, or near to, destruction; (JK, S, A, Msb, K;) [imminent danger; peril; jeopardy; risk; hazard;] and fear of perishing: (Msb:) pl. A^axoTaArN. (A.) You say, huwa EalaY xaTarK EaZiymK He is [in a state of great peril, or] on the brink of destruction. (A.) And rakobuwA AlA^axoTaAra [They embarked in perilous undertakings; or braved perils]. (A.) [And A^amoru lahu xaTarN and *uw xaTarK A perilous affair or event or case: and hence, a momentous, or an important, affair or event or case; an affair, or event,. or a case, of moment or importance or magnitude: see also xaTiyrN.] And xaTarN [alone] signifies A thing, or an affair, &c., of great magnitude: and a trial, or an affliction: pl. as above. (Har p. 264.) ― -b2- (tropical:) A bet, wager, stake, or thing wagered; a thing staked at a shooting-match or a race, and taken by the winner: (T, S, * A, * Mgh, * Msb, * K, * TA:) [accord. to the TA, this is the primary signification; but accord. to the A, it is tropical:] pl. as above; (Msb;) or xiTaArN; and pl. pl. xuTurN: (K: [but in some copies of the K, the last is written A^axoTaArN; and so in the TA, where it is added that some say it is pl. of xaTarN, like as A^asobaAbN is of sababN, and A^anodaAbN of nadabN:]) xaTarN and sabaqN and nadabN all signify the same. (TA.) You say, waDaEuwA xaTarFA (tropical:) [They laid a bet]. (A.) And A^aHoraza fulaAnN AlxaTara (tropical:) [Such a one won the bet]. (A.) ― -b3- Hence, [app. as being likened to a stake won,] (TA,) (tropical:) Eminence; nobility; as also ↓ xaTorN: (K, TA:) in which sense it has become so much used as to be, in this acceptation, conventionally regarded as proper: (TA:) also excellence: (TA:) and (as also ↓ xaTorN, TA) rank; degree of dignity; station; of a man: (S, A, K, TA:) and highness of rank or account or estimation: and wealth: (TA:) pl. A^axoTaArN: (A:) accord. to some, it is only used to signify high rank: but accord. to others, you say, A_in~ahu laEaZiymu AlxaTari (tropical:) [Verily he is of great dignity] with respect to his good actions and his nobility, and Sagiyru AlxaTari (tropical:) [of little rank] with respect to his evil actions and his ignobleness. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) A lot, or portion, or share. (TA.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) A compensation. (TA.) -A2- (assumed tropical:) A like, or fellow, (S, K,) in rank or station, (S,) or in eminence; (K;) as also ↓xaTiyrN. (S, K.) You say, h`*aA xaTarN lih`*aA, and ↓xaTiyrN, (assumed tropical:) This is like to that. (S.) And Aljan~apu laA xaTara lahaA (assumed tropical:) Paradise has not its like. (TA.) And ↓fulaAnN layosa lahu xaTiyrN (assumed tropical:) Such a one has not his like or fellow. (TA.) -A3- Also [an inf. n. of xaTara in the phrase xaTara bibaAliY and EalaY baAliY, accord. to the Msb And hence,] (assumed tropical:) A vain suggestion of the devil. (JK.) [See xaATirN.] : see xaATirN. [inf. n. of un. of xaTara: and hence,] (assumed tropical:) A going away; and walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side. (Har p. 35.) ― -b2- See also xaATirN. ― -b3- maA laqiytuhu A_ilaA xaTorapF (tropical:) [I met him not save] sometime; (A;) or sometimes. (K.) And maA *akarotuhu A_il~aA xaTorapF baEoda xaTorapK (tropical:) [I remembered not, or mentioned not, him, or it, save sometime after sometime; i. e., save] sometimes. (A.) ― -b4- A^aSaAbatohu xaTorapN mina Aljin~i (assumed tropical:) A touch, or stroke, from the jinn, or genii, befell him; or madness, or insanity, [proceeding] from the jinn; syn. mas~N. (K, * TA.) ― -b5- bayoniY wabayonahu xaTorapu raHimK (IAar, TA) app. means (assumed tropical:) Between me and him is a tie of relationship. (TA.) ― -b6- raEayonaA xaTaraAti AlwasomiY~i (assumed tropical:) We pastured [our beasts] upon the patches of herbage produced by the [rain called] wsmY~. (K, * TA.) ― -b7- xaTorapN also signifies (assumed tropical:) A small quantity [or shower] of rain: pl. xiTaArN (JK) [and probably xaTaraAtN also]. ― -b8- And one says, ↓laA jaEalahaA A@ll~`hu xaToratahu walaA jaEalahaA A=xira maxoTarK minohu [app. referring to rain, and meaning (assumed tropical:) May God not make it to be the only shower, or fall, thereof, or the only time thereof; nor make it to be the last time thereof]; (TA;) A=xira maxoTarK meaning A=xira EahodK. (K, * TA.) : see what next follows. The falling of a camel's tail between the parts above his thighs, when he moves it about; [see 1, first sentence;] as also ↓xTAr. (TA: in which the latter is written without any syll. signs.) -A2- A camel's nose-rein; (S, K;) a nose-rein by which a she-camel is led: (Kr:) a rope: (Sh, K:) these, says Meyd, are one and the same thing. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of 'Alee that he said to [ a mistake for “ respecting ”] 'Ammár, jur~uwA lahu AlxaTiyra maA A@nojar~a lakumo [Pull ye his noserein as long as it will be pulled by you]: or, as some relate the saying, maA jar~ahu lakumo [as long as he pulls it to you]: meaning follow him as long as there is ground for doing so: or, accord. to some, as Sh says, act patiently towards 'Ammar as long as he acts patiently towards you: Meyd mentions it as a proverb. (TA.) -A3- (tropical:) Eminent; noble; of high rank: (Msb, K, TA:) characterized by rank or station: (S, A:) pl. xuTorN (K) and xaTiyruwna. (A.) And (assumed tropical:) Anything excellent. (TA.) You say A^amorN xaTiyrN (assumed tropical:) A thing, or an affair, of high account or estimation. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) Ignoble; of low rank; (AZ, TA;) contemptible. (AZ, Msb.) ― -b3- See also xaTarN, in three places. [is probably applied to a he-camel in a sense like that of the fem., here following]. xaT~aArapN, applied to a she-camel, That lashes with the tail to the right and left: (K:) or that moves about her tail, when going, in a brisk, or sprightly, manner: (A:) or that raises her tail, in going along, by reason of briskness, and exceeding sprightliness. (Har p. 557.) [See 1, first sentence.] ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) A spear that quivers, vibrates, or shakes: (S, A, K:) or that does so much: and in like manner, a man. (TA.) And xaT~aArN biAlr~umoHi (tropical:) A man who thrusts much with the spear. (S, K, TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A man who raises his arm, or hand, (K, TA,) with a stone which he lifts for the purpose of trying his strength, (TA,) to cast, or throw, (K, TA,) and who shakes the stone in lifting it. (TA.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) A sling. (K.) (assumed tropical:) The [engine of war called] manojaniyq; (K;) as also ↓ xaT~aArapN: its casting being likened to the action termed xaTaraAnN [inf. n. of 1, q. v.], of the stallion-camel. (TA.) ― -b5- AlxaT~aAru (assumed tropical:) The lion: (K:) because of his proud walk, and self-admiration: or because of his shaking himself in his walk. (TA.) ― -b6- misokN xaT~aArN (tropical:) Musk that diffuses much odour or fragrance. (A.) : see the next preceding paragraph. [part. n. of 1, q. v.:] (tropical:) Walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side; (K;) as also ↓ xaTirN, (K, TA,) or ↓ xaTorN. (So in the CK and in a MS. copy of the K.) -A2- (tropical:) An opinion, or an idea, or object of thought, bestirring itself in the mind; (A and Kull p. 179;) i. q. haAjisu, (M, K,) i. e. a thing coming at random into the mind: (S in art. hjs:) or a cogitation which bestirs itself, or occurs, (yaxoTuru,) in the mind, with a view to the end, issue, or result, of a thing: (Msb:) pl. xawaATiru: (A, K:) [and ↓ xaTorapN signifies the same; for] xaTaraAtN [which is its pl.] is syn. with xawaATiru; (A;) [whence the phrase,] xaTaraAtu Al$~ayaATiyni (assumed tropical:) The vain suggestions of the devils. (S and TA in art. hmz, &c.) [See also xaTarN, last sentence] ― -b2- Hence it is applied to (assumed tropical:) The mind itself. (Kull p. 179.) : see xaTorapN. (assumed tropical:) [A perilous, or dangerous, desert;] as though it made the traveller a stake between safety and perdition. (Msb.) [act. part. n. of 3, q. v.:] (assumed tropical:) One who contends with another in shooting or casting [app. for a wager]. (JK, TA.) xTf , aor. , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. xaTofN; (S, TA;) this is the approved form of the verb; (T, S;) and xaTafahu, aor. , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above; (Msb;) a form of the verb mentioned by Akh, (S,) but this is rare, (S, K,) or (K) bad, (S, K,) scarcely, or not at all, known; (S;) and ↓ AxtTfhu, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and ↓ txT~fhu; (S Msb, TA;) He seized it; or took it, or carried it off, by force: (S, K:) or he did so quickly; snatched it away: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) and ↓ xT~f has been said to imply repetition of the action [unless it be a variation of AxtTf as in a case mentioned below]; but this is strange, and not known on any other authority than that of the “ Akáneem et-Taaleem ” by El-Khuweiyee, a disciple of El-Fakhr Er-Rázee. (MF, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxix. 67], Aln~aAsu ↓ wayutaxaT~afu mino Hawolihimo [And men are carried off by force from around them]. (TA.) ― -b2- [And hence,] h`*aA sayofN yaxoTafu Alr~aA^osa (tropical:) [This is a sword that will strike off the head]. (TA.) ― -b3- And xaTifa AlbaSara and xaTafahu, said of lightning, (K,) and of a ray of light, and of a [glistening] sword, and of any polished body, (TA,) (tropical:) It took away the sight: (K, TA:) and ↓AuxotuTifa baSaruhu (tropical:) His sight was suddenly taken away. (M and K in art. mls.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 19], yakaAdu Albaroqu yaxoTafu A^aboSaArahumo (tropical:) [The lightning almost taketh away their sight, lit. sights]: (TA:) Yoo read yaxoTifu AbSArhm; (S, TA;) and so did Aboo-Rejà and Mujáhid: and some read ↓yixiT~ifu, and ↓yaxaT~ifu, originally yaxotaTifu, accord. to the opinion of the Basrees, disputed by Fr, but confirmed by Zj. (TA.) ― -b4- And xaTifa Als~amoEa, (K,) aor. , (S,) said of a devil, (tropical:) He stole [an opportunity of] hearing [the speech of the angels, from the confines of the lowest Heaven; or snatched it]; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓AxtTfhu: (K:) the two verbs being like nazaEahu and AinotazaEahu. (Sb, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxxvii. 10], ↓A_il~aA mano xaTifa AlxaTofapa (tropical:) Except him who steals the [opportunity of] hearing: (TA:) or who snatches unawares and by stealth, (Bd,) or hears and snatches, (Jel,) the speech of the angels: (Bd, Jel:) EL-Hasan read Al~A mn AlxTfp ↓xaT~afa, originally A@xotaTafa: (S, TA:) and another reading, ascribed to him and others, is ↓xiT~ifa; but this is very weak. (TA.) ― -b5- xaTifa, aor. ; and xaTafa, aor. ; inf. n. xaTafaAnN; (K;) thus in all the copies of the K, but correctly xaTofN, as in the L; (TA;) said of a camel, (assumed tropical:) He went along quickly. (K, TA.) And mar~a yaxoTafu xaTofFA munokarFA (assumed tropical:) He went along at a quick rate [such as was deemed strange, or disapproved]. (TA.) And xaTifati Als~afiynapu, and xaTafat, (assumed tropical:) The ship sailed, or voyaged: you say, xaTifati Alyawoma mino EumaAna (assumed tropical:) She sailed,. or voyaged, to-day, from 'Omán. (TA.) see 1, first sentence. He said, Seize thou this [thing], O man; or take it, or carry it off, by force; or snatch it away. (Sgh.) -A2- A^axoTafa liY mino Hadiyvihi $ayoy^FA vum~a sakata, inf. n. A_ixoTaAfN, (assumed tropical:) He cut short somewhat of his discourse, or narrative, which he had begun to me, on some other thing's occurring to his mind, and was silent. (TA.) ― -b2- A^axoTafatohu AlHum~aY, (Lh, O, TA,) or A^axoTafato Eanohu, (JK,) or ― -b3- AixotaTafatohu, (K,) (assumed tropical:) The fever left him, or quitted him. (Lh, JK, O, K.) ― -b4- AxTfhu Almawotu (assumed tropical:) [Death missed him by a little;] he escaped death by a little. (JK.) And AxTf Alr~amiy~apa (assumed tropical:) He missed the animal at which he shot or cast, (JK, S, K,) nearly hitting it: (JK:) and in like manner, Al$~aYo'a the thing. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) And He captured, or caught, the animal at which he shot or cast; expl. by A_i*aA kaAna yaSiyduhaA [perhaps a mistranscription for yuSiybuhaA, and, if so, meaning he hit]. (JK.) And AxTf said of an arrow, (assumed tropical:) [It missed: or it fell upon the ground, and then glided along upon the ground to the butt, or object of aim: (see xaATifN:) and] it went straight. (TA.) ― -b5- AxTf said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He became affected with a slight sickness, and then speedily recovered. (TA.) ― -b6- A^ixoTaAfu AlHa$aA i. q. AinoTiwaA=w^uhu [meaning (assumed tropical:) The state of being lean, or lank, in the belly: see muxoTafN]. (S, TA.) AlA^ixoTaAfu in horses is a fault: it is (assumed tropical:) The contr. of AlAinotifaAxu: AHeyth says that it is, in horses, (assumed tropical:) smallness of the jawof [here meaning the belly, or abdomen]. (TA.) see 1, in two places. [They contended together in snatching away the ball] with the goffsticks. (K * and TA in art. jHf.) ; and its variations xaT~afa and xiT~ifa; and yixiT~ifu and yaxiT~ifu, variations of its aor.: see 1, in seven places. ― -b2- kaA^an~ahu yaxotaTifu fiY ma$oyihi Eunuqahu, said of a swift camel, means As though he were straining, or stretching, (yajota*ibu,) in his going along, his neck. (S.) -A2- See also 4. (assumed tropical:) A slight disease; as also ↓ xaTofapN. (JK.) ― -b2- maA mino maraDK A_il~aA walahu xuTofN (assumed tropical:) There is no disease but there is for it a cure. (JK, K.) ― -b3- xuTofN and ↓ xuTufN (assumed tropical:) Leanness; or lankness of the belly: and (assumed tropical:) lightness of the flesh of the side. (TA) : see what next precedes. ― -b2- bihi xuTufN (assumed tropical:) In him (namely, a man, JK) is madness, or diabolical possession; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ xuT~afN: but this latter may be either a pl., like Dur~abN [pl. of DaAribN], or a sing. (TA.) A single act of seizing; or, of taking, or carrying off, by force: (TA:) or, of doing so quickly; of snatching away. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) Hence, [in a trad.,] accord. to one reading, nahaY Eano kul~i *iY xaTofapK, meaning He prohibited the prey of whatever snatches away the prey, and goes away with it, not withholding it for its owner: or, as some say, what snatches away with its talon, or claw: but the reading commonly known is, nahaY Eani AlxaTofapi: (Mgh:) and AlxaTofapu signifies what the wolf, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or the like, (Msb,) snatches away, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) of the limbs, or members, of a living sheep or goat, (Mgh, TA,) or of a living animal; (Msb;) or what the dog snatches away from the limbs, or members, of the animal of the chase, of flesh &c., while the animal is alive: (Mgh, TA:) or the limb, or member, which the beast or bird of prey seizes, or carries off by force, or which a man cuts off, from the beast that is alive: (K, TA:) for whatever is separated from the living animal, (Mgh, TA,) of flesh or fat, (TA,) is carrion, (Mgh, TA,) unlawful to be eaten: the prohibition originated from the Prophet's finding, when he came to El-Medeeneh, that the people loved and ate the humps of camels and the tails of sheep: (TA:) the reading AlxaTafap, of the measure faEalap, with fet-h to the medial radical letter, as pl. of xaATifN, is a mistake. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) A single suck of a small quantity of milk quickly taken by a child from the breast. (TA.) ― -b3- For its meaning in the Kur xxxvii. 10, see 1. ― -b4- See also xuTofN. (assumed tropical:) Quickness in pace or going, (S, K,) of a camel, as though he were straining, or stretching, his neck, in going along; (S; [see 8;]) as also ↓ xayoTafaY, (K,) and ↓ xayoTafN. (JK, TA.) ― -b2- See also the last of these words below. : see xayoTafN. The act of seizing, or carrying off by force; or, of snatching away at unawares. (TA.) -A2- Flour sprinkled upon milk, (S,) or flour upon which milk is sprinkled, (JK, K,) then cooked, (JK, S, K,) and licked, or eaten with the finger, (S, K,) and snatched up with spoons: (K:) IAar says that it is [what is called] jabuwlaA='u [a word I have not found in any other instance]: (S:) or, with the Arabs, it is a food made with milk (labaniy~apN), which is heated, then flour is sprinkled upon it, and then it is cooked, and people lick it, or eat it with the finger, snatching it up hastily. (Az, TA.) : see xuTufN. [lit. He that is wont to seize, &c.: and particularly (assumed tropical:) he that is wont to snatch, or steal, opportunities of hearing the speech of the angels, from the confines of the lowest Heaven: and hence.] applied in a trad. to (assumed tropical:) the Devil, or Satan: (S, TA:) or, as some say, it is in this instance ↓ AlxuT~aAfu, as pl. of xaATifN, [and therefore meaning (assumed tropical:) the devils,] or as being likened to the hooked iron called xuT~aAf. (TA.) ― -b2- A^abuw AlxaT~aAfi a surname of The HidaA^ap [or kite]. (TA in art. HdA^.) [The swallow; thus called in the present day;] a certain bird, (JK, S, Mgh,) well known; (JK, Mgh;) a certain black bird; (K;) the EuSofuwr [or passerine bird] which the common people call EuSofuwru Aljan~api [the ESfwr of Paradise]: pl. xaTaATiyfu. (ISd, TA.) [See also xu$~aAfN.] ― -b2- The bent, or crooked, piece of iron which is on each side of the sheave of a pulley, and in which is the pin whereon the sheave turns: (As, * JK, S, K:) it confines the sheave on each side: (TA:) that which is of wood is termed qaEowN. (As, TA.) Also (S [in the K “ or ”]) Any crooked, or hooked, iron: (S, K, TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) [An iron hook: a grapple: a grapnel: and the like.] The xuT~aAfaAni of a bit are The two bent pieces of iron in the misoHal and the $akiymap, on the right and left. (IDrd in his “ Book on the Saddle and Bridle. ”) And xaTaATiyfu signifies (tropical:) The claws, or talons, of a beast or bird of prey; (S, TA;) as being likened to a hooked iron. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A wicked thief: so in the saying of Abu-nNejm, waA@sotaSoHabuwA kul~a EimK A^um~iY~i mino kul~i xuT~aAfK waA^aEoraAbiY~i (assumed tropical:) [And they took as companions every blind illiterate man, of every wicked thief and Arab of the desert]. (TA.) yaA A@bona xuT~aAfK [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) O son of a wicked thief] was said by a woman to Jereer, in derision. (TA.) ― -b4- See also the paragraph next preceding this. ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) A mark made with a hot iron upon a camel, like the xuT~aAf of the sheave of a pulley. (JK, L, K. *) ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) The part, of a horse, which is the place of the heel of the rider. (JK.) -A2- Also pl. of xaATifN. (TA. See AlxaT~aAfu.) [act. part. n. of 1, Seizing, &c.]: pl. xuT~aAfN. (TA.) ― -b2- AlxaATifu The wolf; (JK, S, K;) because he seizes, or carries off by force, his prey. (TA.) ― -b3- xaATifu Zil~ihi A certain bird, (JK, S, K,) said by Ibn-Selemeh to be called Alr~aforaAfu; (S, [so in three copies, not raqoraAq as in Freytag's Lex.,] TA;) that sees its shadow, and thinks it to be a bird; (JK;) or when it sees its shadow in the water, it advances to it to seize it, (S, L, K,) thinking it to be a prey: (L, TA:) [see xayaAlN:] it is one of the birds of the deserts, and is [said to be] thus called because of the swiftness with which it pounces down; it is green, or of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour, (A^axoDaru,) in the back; white in the belly; long in the wings, and short in the neck: (Msb in art. lEb:) also called mulaAEibu Zil~ihi. (S and Msb in that art.) ― -b4- baroqN xaATifN (tropical:) Lightning that takes away the sight. (JK, S, * TA. *) ― -b5- sahomN xaATifN (assumed tropical:) An arrow that falls upon the ground, and then glides along upon the ground to the butt, or object of aim; as though snatching something from the ground: pl. xawaATifu: (Ham p. 573:) or xawaATifu signifies arrows that miss; for muxoTifaAtN. (TA.) , (K,) or ↓ xaTiyfN, (S, [so in my copies,]) (assumed tropical:) A quick, or swift, camel; (S, K, TA;) as though he strained, or stretched, his neck, in going along: (S: [see 8:]) and the former, (assumed tropical:) a camel of the [excellent and swift] kind called mahaAriY~: pl. xayaATifu. (TA.) ― -b2- xayoTafN, (TA,) or ↓ xaTafaY, (JK,) [as meaning (assumed tropical:) Quick,] is also applied to [the pace termed] EanaqN; (JK, TA;) and so ↓ xayoTafaY. (JK.) ― -b3- See also xaTafaY. : see xaTafaY: ― -b2- and see also xayoTafN. A thing like a reaping-hook, which is tied to a snare, and by which the gazelle is caught. (JK, O, L, K.) : see what next follows. , applied to a horse, (assumed tropical:) Lean, or lank, in the part of the belly that is behind the place of the girth: (S:) and muxoTafN [alone] is applied to a man [in a similar sense]; as also ↓ maxoTuwfN: (TA:) and muxoTafu AlbaToni (assumed tropical:) lean, or lank, in the belly; syn. munoTawiyhi; (Lth, K;) applied to a camel, and to an ass: (Lth, TA:) and AlHa$aA ↓ A^axoTafu and ↓ maxoTuwfuhu, applied to a man, [signify the same,] (tropical:) i. q. DaAmiruhu. (TA.) (tropical:) A sword that takes away the sight by its glistening. (TA.) : see muxoTafu AlHa$aA, in two places. -A2- Also (assumed tropical:) A camel branded with a mark like the xuT~aAf of the sheave of a pulley. (JK, L, K.) xTl , aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xaTalN, (S, Msb,) The ear was, or became, flaccid, flabby, or pendulous. (S, * Msb.) [In like manner, also,] xaTalN in flesh signifies The being flaccid, flabby, or pendulous. (KL.) And in a man, and a horse or a bow, (faras or qawos, accord. to different copies of the K, the former being the reading in the TA,) and a spear, (K,) and the like, (TA,) The being tall, or long, and shaky, or quivering. (K.) ― -b2- xaTalN, as an inf. n. [of xaTila], also signifies The being unsteady, or restless. (KL.) ― -b3- And xaTila, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xaTalN, (JK, K,) He was, or became, light, and quick. (JK, K. [In the former it seems to be implied that it is said of a stupid man.]) ― -b4- And xaTila, (JK, K,) or xaTila fiY kalaAmihi, (S,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xaTalN, (JK, S, K,) He was foul, and obscene, in his speech; (JK, S;) as also ↓ AxTl, (JK,) or AxTl fY klAmh: (S, TA:) or he was corrupt in his speech, and loquacious: (K:) or xaTila, aor. and inf. n. as above, he erred, or was wrong, in his speech; as also ↓ AxTl; and in his opinion, or judgment. (Msb.) [See also xaTalN below.] see 1, in two places. He twisted himself in his gait, and walked with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side. (K. [See also xaTalN, an inf. n. of which the verb (xaTila) is not mentioned as having this meaning.]) inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, Msb, &c.) ― -b2- A twisting of one's self, and walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side (K. [See 5.]) ― -b3- Corrupt speech: or loquacity: (TA:) or corrupt and conflicting speech: (S, O:) or corrupt speech with loquacity. (K.) In a woman, Foul, or obscene, speech; and conduct that induces doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion. (K.) Long and quivering; applied to a spear. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And simply Long: so in the phrase, rajulN xaTilu AlqawaAy^imi [A man having long legs]. (TA.) ― -b3- And, applied to a garment, That drags upon the ground by reason of its length. (T, O, K.) ― -b4- Also, applied to a garment, (JK, K,) and a badan [app. here meaning a short coat of mail], (K,) Rough and thick: (JK, K:) pl. A^axoTaAlN. (TA.) ― -b5- Also Stupid, or foolish, (K, TA,) and hasty. (TA.) ― -b6- Light and quick; (JK, K;) applied to a stupid, or foolish person; (JK;) and ↓ A^axoTalu signifies the same. (K.) ― -b7- A fighting man (JK) quick in thrusting or piercing. (JK, K.) ― -b8- (tropical:) One who gives, or bestows, quickly; (S;) or so xaTilu Alyadayoni; (JK;) or so xaTilu Alyadayoni biAlmaEoruwfi: (K, TA:) a tropical phrase. (TA.) And xaTilu Alyadayoni A man having rough arms or hands. (K.) ― -b9- Also Corrupt in speech, and loquacious; and so ↓ A^axoTalu: (K:) or erring, or wrong, in speech, and in opinion, or judgment. (Msb.) ― -b10- An arrow (JK, K) that goes to the right and left; (JK;) that does not take a direct course towards the butt. (K.) -A2- The cord of the sportsman [who catches, or snares, game therewith]. (K.) ― -b2- And The border, or extremity, of a [tent of the kind called] fusoTaAT: (K:) pl. as above: so in the O. (TA.) A woman very foul, or obscene, in speech: (JK, * K:) or whose conduct induces doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion: (K:) so in the M and O. (TA.) Having [flaccid, or flabby, or pendulous, or] long, and flaccid or flabby or pendulous, ears: (Mgh:) xaTolaA='u [is its fem., and therefore signifies the same; or this], applied to a ewe or she-goat, (JK, K,) signifies having broad ears; (K;) or having very broad ears; (JK, TA;) or long-eared: (Ham p. 741:) pl. xuTulN (K) and xuTolN. (TA.) You say val~apN xuTulN (S) or xuTolN (TA) A flock of sheep, or goats, having flaccid, or flabby, or pendulous, ears: and the same epithet is applied to dogs: (S, TA:) all dogs of the chase have such ears. (TA.) And A^u*unN xaTolaA='u A flaccid, or flabby, or pendulous, ear: (S, Msb, K:) or a long ear, that shakes about: (TA:) or a very broad ear. (JK.) ― -b2- Also, the fem., A woman thick, coarse, or rude, (T, K,) of make: (T, TA:) or, as some say, (TA,) long in the breasts. (K, TA.) ― -b3- See also xaTilN, in two places. ― -b4- rajulN A^axoTalu All~isaAni A man having a wagging tongue; able in speech. (TA.) ― -b5- baEiyrN A^axoTalu Alqaway^imi A camel that does not put his legs in their proper places. (JK.) ― -b6- dahorN A^axoTalu A time, or fortune, that brings calamities. (JK.) xTm , aor. , (K,) inf. n. xaTomN, (TA,) He struck his xaTom, i. e. his nose. (K, * TA.) And He struck the very middle of his nose with a sword. (TA.) And xuTima A^anofuhu His nose was broken. (Ham p. 528.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) He branded him [i. e. a camel] on his nose with the mark called xaTomN [or xiTaAmN]. (TA.) [Hence,] xaTama A^anofahu (tropical:) [He branded him with disgrace;] he made disgrace to cleave to him manifestly. (TA.) And xaTamahu biAll~awomi (tropical:) [He branded him with blame]; and Ea*arahu [i. e. bAllwm signifies the same]. (TA.) ― -b3- He attached the zimaAm [or xiTaAm, q. v.,] to him; namely, a camel: (S:) or xaTamahu biAlxiTaAmi, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) he put the xiTaAm upon his nose; as also bihi ↓ xT~mhu: (K:) [but the latter verb seems to be more properly used in relation to a number of camels:] or the former, (K,) or simply xaTamahu, and ↓ xT~mhu, (TA,) he made a cut, or notch, in his nose, (Haz~aA^anofahu, so in the K accord. to the TA,) not deep, (TA,) or he drew his nose [down], (jar~a A^anofahu, so in my MS. copy of the K and in the CK,) in order to put upon it the xiTaAm. (K, TA.) ― -b4- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He withheld him, or prevented him, from going forth [&c.]. (TA.) And xaTamahu biAlkalaAmi (tropical:) He overcame him, or subdued him, by speech, and prevented him from speaking, (K, TA,) and from answering, or replying. (TA.) ― -b5- xaTama Alkalimapa, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He made the word, or saying, valid and strong; alluding to prudence and precaution as to what one utters. (TA.) ― -b6- xaTama A^umuwrFA (tropical:) He conducted, or managed, affairs. (TA.) ― -b7- xaTama Alqawosa biAlwatari, inf. n. xaTomN and xiTaAmN, (tropical:) He suspended the bow by the suspensory called watarN and xiTaAmN. (AHn, K, TA.) And xaTama Alqawosa bixiTaAmihaA (assumed tropical:) He strung the bow with its string. (TA.) ― -b8- xaTama AlA^adiyma, (K,) inf. n. xaTomN, (TA,) (tropical:) He sewed the edges of the skin, or hide. (Kr, K, TA.) ― -b9- xuTima biliHoyatihi, and xaTamatohu liHoyatuhu, (tropical:) His beard grew upon his two cheeks. (TA.) ― -b10- xaTama A^anofa Alr~amoli (tropical:) He passed over, or crossed, the extremity, or prominent portion, of the tract of sand: (As, TA:) or he faced it, crossing it. (TA.) see 1, in two places. ― -b2- taxoTiymN, [as inf. n. of xuT~ima or xaT~ama, (see the part. ns. below,)] said of unripe dates, signifies (assumed tropical:) The putting forth colours. (KL.) He bound the garment over the maxoTim, i. e. the nose; or over the xaTom, i. e. the fore part of the nose: and AxtTm bilivaAmK [he so bound a lvAm, q. v.]. (Har p. 433.) The muzzle, i. e. the fore part of the nose and mouth, of a dAb~ap [i. e. beast], (JK, S, Msb, K, TA,) whatever it be, (S, Msb,) as a dog, and a camel, but originally of a beast of prey, and of a sheep or goat: (TA:) or, of a beast of prey, i. q. xuroTuwmN: (IAar, TA:) or, as some say, of a beast of prey, [the lip, i. e.] what corresponds to the jaHofalap of the horse: (TA:) or of a camel, the nose. (Mgh.) And (tropical:) The bill, or beak, of a bird, (JK, S, K, TA,) whatever it be, (JK, S,) as a hawk, or falcon, (JK,) and a qaTaAp. (TA.) And of a man, (tropical:) The nose; (K;) as also ↓ maxoTimN (JK, S, Msb, K, TA) and ↓ mixoTamN; (K, TA;) pl. maxaATimu: (JK, S, Msb, K:) or the fore part of the nose: (Har p. 433:) and the ↓ mxTm is also of a camel. (IAth, TA.) Also, of a man, (tropical:) The fore part of the face. (TA.) ― -b2- xaTomu All~ayoli (tropical:) The first approach of night: like as one says A^anofu All~ayoli. (TA.) ― -b3- See also xiTaAmN. -A2- A thing, an affair, or a business, of magnitude. (IAar, Th, K.) It is related in a trad. that Mohammad promised a certain man to go forth to him, and delayed to do so; and when he went forth, he said to him, $agalaniY xaTomN, meaning A thing, &c., of magnitude [occupied me so as to divert me]; as though the m were a substitute for b: (IAar, Th, TA:) but IAth says that it may mean (assumed tropical:) a thing, &c., that withheld me, or prevented me, [see 1,] from going forth. (TA.) (tropical:) A prominent portion of a mountain. (S, TA.) (JK, S, Msb, K) and xaTomiY~N, (Msb, K,) or, accord. to Az, the latter only, the former being incorrect, (TA,) but the former is the more common, (Msb,) [Althæa; the althæa officinalis of Linn.; i. e. marsh-mallow;] a certain plant (JK, K) with which, (S, TA,) or with a preparation of which, (JK,) the head is washed; (JK, S, TA;) a well-known preparation for washing the head: (Msb:) it is a dissolvent, suppurative, lenitive; good for dysury, and the stone, and sciatica, and ulcer of the bowels, and tremour, and for the suppuration of wounds, and the allaying of pain; and, with vinegar, for the [species of leprosy termed] bahaq; and for toothache, used as a gargle; and for the sting or bite of venomous reptiles and the like, and for burns; the mixing of its seed with water, or its bruised stem or root, causes it to congeal; and its mucilage, extracted by hot water, is beneficial to the sterile woman. (K.) [A kind of halter for a camel; a cord of which one end is fastened round the nose and jaws of a camel; accord. to J,] i. q. zimaAmN: (S:) [but the following explanations are more correct:] a certain thing well known; so called because [a portion of] it lies upon [or surrounds] the fore part of the nose and the nouth of the camel: (Msb:) or anything that is put upon the nose of the camel in order that he may be led thereby: (M, K:) or a cord, or rope, which is put upon the neck of the camel, and folded [for yusam~aY, in my copy of the work from which this is taken, I read yuvonaY, as in another explanation, below,] upon, or over, his nose: (Mgh:) or a cord, or rope, which is attached to an iron that surrounds the nose and jaws [of the camel]: (JK:) or any cord, or rope, that is suspended upon the throat of the camel and then tied upon, or over, his nose, whether of skin or of wool or of fibres of the palm-tree or of hemp: (ISh, TA:) but if of plaited leather, it is said to be called jariyrN: (TA:) or the xTAm of the camel is a cord, or rope, of fibres of the palm-tree, or of [goats'] hair, or of flax, at one end of which is put a ring, then the other end is tied to it, [i. e. to the rope, as the relative pronoun in the original shows, or to some part of it,] so that it becomes like a ring [or loop], then it is put upon the neck of the camel, and then it is folded upon, or over, his nose: what is put in the nose, [attached to a ring, or the like, therein,] and is slender, is termed zimaAmN: (IAth, TA:) pl. xuTumN. (Msb, K.) manaEa xiTaAmahu, said of a camel, means He refused to have his xTAm put upon him. (TA.) And tazaw~aja EalaY xiTaAmK means (assumed tropical:) He married two wives, so that they became like a xiTaAm to him. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon the nose of a camel; (K;) as also ↓ xaTomN: it (the xTAm) spreads upon the camel's two cheeks: so says Aboo-'Alee, in the “ Tedhkireh: ” (TA:) or such a mark upon the side (EuroD, in the CK EaroD,) of his face, extending to the cheek, (En-Nadr, K, TA,) in the form of a line: (En-Nadr, TA:) sometimes the camel is branded with one such mark, and sometimes with two; and one says jamalN xiTaAmK ↓ maxoTuwmu or xiTaAmayoni, making mxTwm to govern the gen. case as a prefixed noun; (En-Nadr, K, TA;) and bihi xiTaAmN and xiTaAmaAn. (En-Nadr, TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) The rope of a bucket. (TA.) ― -b4- (tropical:) The suspensory of a bow. (AHn, K, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) The string of a bow. (K, TA.) Struck upon the nose. (K.) Having the nose broken. (Ham p. 528.) (like $ad~aAdN, TA, in the CK [erroneously] without teshdeed,) (tropical:) Musk that fills with its odour the innermost parts of the nose: (As, K:) or musk sharp, or pungent, in odour; as though striking the nose (kaA^an~ahu yaxoTimu AlA^anofa). (Z, TA.) (tropical:) Such a one is the leader, and the conductor, or manager, of the affairs, of the sons of such a one. (TA.) A man (S) having a long nose. (S, K.) ― -b2- And Black. (JK, K.) A woman. (K.) and mixoTamN: see xaTomN, in three places. : see maxoTuwmN. ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A horse having a whiteness extending from the fore part of his nose and his mouth to the part beneath his lower jaw, (ISd, K, TA,) so as to resemble the xiTaAm: in which sense it has no verb. (ISd, TA.) ― -b3- Full-grown unripe dates (busor) upon which are lines (S, K) and streaks [of colour]; (S;) as also ↓ muxaT~imN. (Kr, K.) [See 2: and see also busorN.] -A2- The part of the nose of the camel which is the place of the xiTaAm. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. [pass. part. n. of 1]. You say naAqapN maxoTuwmapN A she-camel having a xiTaAm put upon her: and ↓ nuwqN muxaT~amapN she-camels having xuTum put upon them. (S, TA.) ― -b2- See also xiTaAmN. xTw , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. yaxoTuw, (Msb,) inf. n. xaTowN; (Msb, K;) and ↓ AxtTY; (S, K;) said of a man (S, Msb, TA) [and of a beast]; both signify the same; (S, K;) He stepped, paced, or walked; (MA, KL;) i. q. ma$aY; (M, Msb, K;) as also AixotaATa, [which see in art. xyT,] formed by transposition. (K.) You say, xaTawotu xaTowapF waAHidapF [I stepped one step]. (JK.) [And was~aEa AlxaTowa He stepped wide.] See also the last sentence of the next paragraph. He made to pass over: so in the saying, xaT~aY A@ll~`hu nawo'ahaA God made, or may God make, its (a land's) [rain-giving] star or asterism to pass it over, and not send rain upon it: (TA in art. xTA^:) but in this case the verb is, (Mgh in that art.,) or may be, (TA ibid.,) originally xaT~aTa, the final T being changed into Y. (Mgh and TA ibid. [See 2 in art. xTA^.]) Accord. to Fr, xaT~aY Als~ahoma and xTA^ are syn. [as meaning He made the arrow to pass over, or to miss, the mark]. (TA in art. xTA^.) One says also, in praying for a man, xuT~iYa Eanohu Als~uwo'u [May evil be made to pass him; or] may evil be repelled from him: and one says also xuT~iYa Eanoka May it be removed, or put away, from thee: (S, TA:) or xuT~iy^a Eanoka Als~uwo'u. (ISk, TA in art. xTA^.) -A2- The vulgar say [to a she-ass and to a she-camel or other beast in a slippery or difficult place] xaT~iY, meaning Aimo$iY [for Aimo$iY ruwayadFA Step thou leisurely]: but the correct word is ↓ AuxoTuiY [imperative fem. of xaTaA]. (TA.) He (a man) made him (another man) to step, pace, or walk. (S, TA.) -A2- A^axoTayotu for A^axoTaA^otu: see the latter. I stepped, or walked, over him, or it: (Msb:) or I passed over and beyond him, or it: (S:) or txT~Y Aln~aAsa He went over the people, (rakibahumo,) and passed beyond them; and so ↓ AixotaTaAhumo. (K.) One says, taxaT~ayotu riqaAba Aln~aAsi [I stepped over, walked over, passed over and beyond, or went over and passed beyond, the necks of the people]. (S, TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting Friday, [of one who came too late to the Friday-prayers, as is shown in the TA in art. AnY,] raA^aY rajulFA yataxaT~aY riqaAba Aln~aAsi He saw a man passing step by step [over the necks of the people who were already in their ranks in the mosque]. (TA. [See also Har p. 83.]) One says also, fulaAnN laA yataxaT~aY Eani AlT~unubi [Such a one will not step over, or beyond, or from, the tent-rope], meaning, will not go far from the tent for the purpose of voiding his excrement, by reason of his foulness and vileness and uncleanness. (TA.) And taxaT~ayotu ka*aA (S, TA) I passed over [to such a thing or place or person]: (TA:) one should not say taxaT~aA^otu [in this sense], with '. (S, TA.) [Hence the following tropical phrases.] txT~Ahu Almakoruwhu (tropical:) [What was disliked or hated, or evil, passed over him; not alighting upon him]. (TA.) And taxaT~ayotu A_ilayohi biAlmakoruwhi (tropical:) [I passed over others to him with that which was disliked or hated, or evil; i. q. tajaAwazotu]. (TA.) And txT~Y Ean~iY baSaruka (assumed tropical:) [Thine eye, or thy sight, passed me over]. (Aboo-Turáb, TA in art. tyh.) ― -b2- [Also (assumed tropical:) I overstepped it, or transgressed it; namely, a limit prescribed to me, &c.] see 1: -A2- and see also 5. A step, or pace, as meaning a single act of stepping or pacing or walking: (JK, S, K, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] xaTawaAtN (S, Msb, K) and [of mult.] xiTaA='N. (S.) Imra-el-Keys says, lahaA wavabaAtN kawavobi Al$~ibaA='i fawaAdK xiTaA='N wawaAdK maTiro [She has bounds like the bounding of gazelles; and a valley is stepped over by her with leisurely steps, and a valley is trampled over by her rapidly as though it were rained upon]: (S:) i. e., one time she steps, and refrains from running; and one time she runs with a running resembling rain: but AO relates it otherwise, saying, fawaAdK xaTiyTN [lit. and a valley is not rained upon]: and some substitute kaSawobi Alxariyfi [like the pouring rain of the autumn]. (IB, TA.) [See also what next follows.] A step, or pace, as meaning the space between the two feet [in walking or running]: pl. (of pauc., S) xuTowaAtN (S, Msb, K) and xuTuwaAtN and xuTawaAtN (S, Msb) and (of mult., S) xuTFY. (S, Msb, K.) One says, qar~aba A@ll~`hu Ealayoka AlxuTowapa, meaning May God make short to thee the space, or distance. (TA.) And bayona Alqawolayoni xuTKY yasiyrapN (assumed tropical:) Between the two sayings is little difference. (TA.) laA tat~abiEuwA xuTuwaAti Al$~ayoTaAni, in the Kur [ii. 163 &c.], means [Follow not ye] the ways of the Devil: (TA:) or the footsteps of the Devil: (JK:) here some read xuTowaAt; and some, accord. to Lth, xuTuw^aAt, which Az pronounces to have no meaning. (TA.) for xaTiyoy^apN: see the latter, in art. xTA^. [Freytag, evidently from his having found it incorrectly written for HaZiy~apN, has assigned to it the meaning of “ amica, ” and “ amata. ”] [the last word being app. Aljiyafa] is a saying mentioned by AZ: (TA in the present art.:) or mn AlmutaxaT~iy^aAti Aljyf. (TA in art. xTA^, where see the explanation.) xZw , (S, K,) aor. yaxoZuw, (S,) inf. n. xuZuw~N, (K,) His flesh was, or became, compact; (S, K;) as also xaZiY, (K in art. xZY,) mentioned, as well as the former, by IF, and also by Kz, who does not mention the former, (TA,) aor. yaxoZaY, inf. n. xaZFY; (K;) or xaZiYa should not be said; (S;) or xaZaA is more common. (IF.) See also xaZaA and xaZataA voce xaAZK, below. -A2- xaZaAhu A@ll~`hu God made him, or it, (namely, flesh,) big, or large; (K accord. to the TA;) or big and thick; (CK;) as also ↓ AxZAhu. (K.) : see what immediately precedes. [Freytag also mentions AxZY, on the authority of the “ Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen, ” as signifying He, or it, caused the flesh in the arm to become prominent, so that the muscles appeared.] And AxZY also signifies He, or it, fattened, or rendered fat, (K and TA in art. xZY,) the body. (TA.) -A2- AxZY [as an intrans. v.] (said of a man, IAar) He became fat. (IAar, K in art. xZY.) , followed by baZaA; and the fem. xaZaApN; and xaZaAtaA: see xaAZK. , followed by baZK; and the fem. xaZiyapN, followed by baZiyapN: see xaAZK. One whose flesh is such [in thickness, or abundance, or brawniness,] that one part overlies another. (S, K.) Compact, applied to flesh; (TA;) and so baZaA ↓ xaZaA, (S, TA,) likewise applied to flesh, (TA,) and to a horse, (AHeyth, TA,) [each] originally a verb, (S, TA,) and the latter an imitative sequent; and the fem. ↓ xaZaApN, applied to anything; (TA;) and xaZaApN baZaApN, applied to a woman, the [radical] Y being changed into A accord. to the dial. of Teiyi; (AHeyth, TA;) and baZK ↓ xaZK, applied to a horse; and baZiyapN ↓ xaZiyapN, applied to a woman. (AHeyth, K in art. xZY.) The Saadee says, (accord. to the TA, 'Ámir Ibn-Et-Tufeyl,) riqaAbN kaAlmawaAjini xaAZiyaAtN waA^asotaAhN EalaY AlA^akowaAri kuwmu [Compact necks like the bleachers' beating implements, and rumps elevated upon the camels' saddles]. (S.) In the saying of Imra-el-Keys, kamaA ↓ lahaA matonataAni xaZaAtaA A^akab~a EalaY saAEidayohi Aln~amiro [She has two compact portions of flesh and sinew confining her back-bone, like as appear when the leopard falls prostrate upon his fore shanks], he means xaZaAtaAni, suppressing the n for the purpose of alleviation of the utterance: (Fr, S:) or, as some say, he means ↓ xaZataA, restoring the A that fell out on account of the concurrence of two quiescent letters in the sing. [i. e. xaZaAto, for xaZato is formed from xaZaAto, which is from xaZawato,] when the t has become movent. (S.) ― -b2- xaAZK also signifies Thick, and hard, firm, or rigid: (TA:) and [so, or simply] thick, applied to an arrow. (AHn, TA.) And one says saAEidN xaAZiY AlbaDiyEi [A fore arm, or an upper arm,] full of flesh. (IB, TA in art. bDE.) And rajulN xaAZiY AlbaDiyEi (As, S in art. bDE) A fat man. (TA in that art.) xZY : see 1 in art. xZw. see 4 in art. xZw. , and xaZiyapN baZiyapN: see xaAZK, in art. xZw. xf , aor. , inf. n. xif~apN (JK, S, Msb, K, &c.) and xaf~N (Msb, K) and xaf~apN and taxaw~ufN, but this last belongs to art. xwf, (K,) contr. of vaqula [both properly and tropically]; (Msb;) properly, (TA,) It (a thing, S, Msb) was, or became, xafiyf [i. e. light] (JK, S, Msb, K, TA) of weight, (JK,) in body, or material substance. (TA.) Hence the saying of 'Atà, in a trad., xif~uwA EalaY AlA^aroDi, meaning [Be ye, or bear ye, lightly upon the ground] in prostration: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or, as some relate it, ↓ xaf~ifuwA: i. e. prostrate yourselves [lightly upon the ground;] not heavily, so as to make marks, or impressions, upon your foreheads: and in another trad. it is said, ↓ A_i*aA sajadota fataxaAf~a When thou prostratest thyself, put thy forehead upon the ground lightly: but A 'Obeyd says that some say fatujaAfi, [i. e. fatujaAfi EaDudayoka Eano janobayoka,] with j. (TA [See 3 in art. jfw.]) [Hence also,] xaf~a AlmiyzaAnu The balance had one of its two scales light, so that it rose. (TA.) ― -b2- [Used tropically, it means (assumed tropical:) It, or he, was, or became, light in estimation, lightly esteemed, or of little account.] ― -b3- And (tropical:) He was, or became, xafiyf [i. e. light as meaning active, agile, &c.,] in work: (TA:) he was, or became, brisk, lively, sprightly, active, agile, prompt, and quick; syn. na$iTa. (Msb and TA in art. n$T.) You say, xaf~a fiY Eamalihi waxidomatihi (tropical:) He was, or became, [brisk, &c., or] obedient and submissive, in his work and his service: (TA:) and xaf~a lahu fiY Alxidomapi (tropical:) [He was, or became, brisk, &c., to him in service], aor. yaxif~u, inf. n. xif~apN: (S:) and in like manner, xaf~a lifulaAnK (tropical:) He was, or became, [promptly] obedient and submissive, to such a one. (TA.) [Hence,] xafafotu A_ilaY fulaAnK (assumed tropical:) [I was, or became, brisk, lively, or sprightly, in behaviour to such a one]. (S in art. h$.) And xaf~ati AlA^unovaY lilofaHoli (tropical:) The female was, or became, submissive to the male. (A, TA.) And xaf~ati AlA^utunu liEayorihaA (tropical:) The she-asses obeyed their he-ass. (K, TA.) And xuf~a A_ilaY AlEaduw~i, inf. n. xufuwfN, (assumed tropical:) He hastened to the enemy. (Msb.) And xaf~a Alqawomu Eano waTanihimo, (K, * TA,) inf. n. xufuwfN, (TA,) (tropical:) The people, or party, removed, or departed, or journeyed, quickly from their home: or, as some say, simply removed, or departed, or journeyed, from it. (TA.) ― -b4- (tropical:) He was, or became, xafiyf [or light] in intellect, or understanding: (TA:) [and in conduct, or behaviour: generally meaning] (assumed tropical:) he was, or became, light, inconstant, unsteady, irresolute, or fickle; or light of intellect; lightwitted; syn. TaA$a: (Msb:) the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is xif~apN. (Msb and K &c. in art. Ty$, and TA in the present art.) [But sometimes, when relating to the intellect, or understanding, it means, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, quick, acute, or sharp; and clever, or ingenious: see xafiyfN.] And you say of him whose hearing is good, fiY A^u*unihi xif~apN (tropical:) [In his ear is quickness, acuteness, or sharpness, of hearing]. (TA in art. vql.) ― -b5- [(assumed tropical:) He was, or became, flurried, agitated, or excited, by reason of fear, and by anger, or the like: see 10. ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, lighthearted, or cheerful; one whose company, or converse, was acceptable and cheering.] You say, xaf~a fulaAnN EalaY Almaliki (assumed tropical:) Such a one was, or became, acceptable and cheering to the king. (TA.) ― -b7- [(assumed tropical:) It (an action, or an affair, and a case, or the like,) was, or became, light, or easy: and it become alleviated.] You say, xaf~ato Ealayohi AlHarakapu (assumed tropical:) [Motion, or moving, was, or became, easy to him]; opposed to vaqulato. (TA.) And xaf~ato HaAluhu: see 4. ― -b8- [(assumed tropical:) It (a word) was light, or easy, of utterance: and in like manner said of a sound, (assumed tropical:) it was, or became, light to the ear; or slight. ― -b9- (assumed tropical:) It (food) was, or became, light to the stomach; easy of digestion. ― -b10- Said of the hair of the head, and of the beard, (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, light, thin, or scanty.] ― -b11- Said of a people, or company of men, (qawomN,) inf. n. xufuwfN, it means qal~uwA waqado xaf~ato zaHomatuhumo [i. e. (assumed tropical:) They became few in number, their crowding having diminished]. (S.) ― -b12- Said of rain, [&c.,] (assumed tropical:) It diminished; decreased; or was, or became, [light, or] deficient. (TA.) ― -b13- [Said of a blow, a disease, an affection of the mind, &c., It was, or became, light, slight, or inconsiderable.] ― -b14- xaf~ato manaAziluhumo minohumo wamaDawoA (assumed tropical:) [means Their abodes became clear of them, and they went away]. (K * and TA in art. $wl.) He made it, or rendered it, xafiyf [i. e. light, both properly and tropically: the tropical significations are shown by the preceding paragraph, and by explanations of xafiyfN; and some by what here follows]: (Msb:) taxofiyfN is the contr. of tavoqiylN. (S, K.) ― -b2- Hence, in the Kur [ii. 174], *`lika taxofiyfN mino rab~ikumo (assumed tropical:) [That is an alleviation from your Lord]. (TA.) Hence also, in a trad. [respecting the estimates to be made by the collectors of the poor-rate], xaf~ifuwA AlxaroSa (assumed tropical:) [Make ye the conjectural computation of the quantity of the fruit upon palm-trees &c. light to the owners, or moderate;] go not to the utmost length in the xrS. (TA.) [And xf~f Eanohu (assumed tropical:) He made light, or alleviated, his burden, suffering, distress, uneasiness, or the like, by removing from him somewhat thereof; he alleviated him; he relieved him: see Kur iv. 32 and viii. 67 &c.] And xaf~ifuwA EalaY AlA^aroDi: see 1; second sentence. [And xf~f fiY Eamalihi (assumed tropical:) He relaxed, or remitted, in his work.] ― -b3- [taxofiyfN also signifies (assumed tropical:) The making a word light, or easy, of utterance, by the suppression of hemzeh, or by its conversion into A or Y or tavoqiylN; opposed to taHoqiyqN and taHoqiyqN: and by making a double consonant single; opposed to tavoqiylN and ta$odiydN: and by making a movent consonant quiescent; opposed to tavoqiylN and taHoriykN: each of these changes in a word is said to be lilt~axofiyfi for the purpose of alleviating the utterance. Also, in like manner, (assumed tropical:) The making a sound light to the ear, or slight; opposed to tavoqiylN. And (assumed tropical:) The suppressing of hemzeh; opposed to taHoqiyqN.] He made an arrow light, by scraping or paring it. (L in art. Hw*.) ― -b2- See also 10. -A2- He was, or became, unburdened, or unencumbered, or without anything that burdened him heavily: (Msb:) or he was, or became, little burdened or encumbered, in journeying, (JK, TA,) or in his residence at home. (TA.) ― -b2- And i. q. HaAluhu ↓ xaf~ato [i. e. (tropical:) His state, or condition, was, or became, light, little encumbered, easy, or alleviated: or it was, or became, that of one having a small family to maintain: or that of having little property: or that of having little property and a small family to maintain]: (JK, S, K, TA: [see HaAlN:]) and, as some add, raq~ato [i. e., (assumed tropical:) it was, or became, narrow in its circumstances, or evil: it is used in contr. senses: though raq~ato seems to be here intended as explanatory of xaf~ato]. (TA.) ― -b3- Axf~ Alqawomu (assumed tropical:) The people's beasts were, or became, xifaAf [i. e. light as meaning active, agile, or brisk]: (AZ, S:) or the people had such beasts. (K.) [He lightened his clothing; or clad himself lightly: but for this I know no other authority than modern usage]. ― -b2- txf~f minohu: see 10. -A2- Also He put on, or wore, a xuf~ [i. e. boot], or xifaAf [i. e. boots]: (K, accord. to different copies:) or txf~f biAlxuf~i, (JK,) or txf~f Alxuf~a, (TA,) he put on, or wore, the xuf~ (JK, TA) on the foot. (TA.) He pressed, or bore, lightly [upon a thing]; contr. of tvAql. (K, * TA.) Hence the saying, in a trad., A_i*aA sajadota fataxaAf~a explained above: see 1, second sentence. (TA.) contr. of Aisotavoqalahu; (S, K, TA;) He deemed it, or him, xafiyf [i. e. light, properly and tropically]. (TA.) He found it light, or easy, to carry, (Bd in xvi. 82, and TA,) and to remove. (Bd ibid.) ― -b2- Astxf~ bihi (assumed tropical:) He held him, or it, (namely, a man's right, or due, or just claim, Msb, TA,) in light, or little, estimation or account, or in contempt; he contemned, or despised, him, or it. (S, Msb, TA.) ― -b3- Astxf~ Alhamozapa (assumed tropical:) [He deemed the hemzeh light, or easy, of utterance]. (TA.) ― -b4- Astxf~hu also signifies (assumed tropical:) He demanded, or desired, his xif~ap [i. e. briskness, or promptness]; as also minohu ↓ taxaf~afa: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) it (a thing) incited him, or excited him, to briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness; syn. Aisotaha$~ahu; (JK and K and TA in art. h$;) and A^aTorabahu: (Har p. 139:) and (assumed tropical:) he incited him, or excited him, to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness, so as to induce him to follow him in his error: (TA:) [and simply] (tropical:) he excited him to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness; (Ksh and Bd and Jel in the Kur xxx. last verse;) flurried him, or disquieted him: (Ksh and Bd ibid.:) and (tropical:) it flurried him, so that he became unsteady; said of impatience; and of a lively emotion of the heart or mind; (TA;) and of fear; (MA;) and of anger: (T in art. Hml:) and ↓ Axf~hu (assumed tropical:) he angered him, (TA,) and deprived him of his forbearance, moderation, patience, staidness, or calmness, and incited him, or excited him, to levity, or unsteadiness. (K, * TA.) faA@sotaxaf~a qawomahu, in the Kur xliii. 54, means (assumed tropical:) And he demanded, or desired, of his people, briskness, or promptness, in obeying him: or fAstxf~ A^aHolaAmahumo [and he held in light estimation their qualities of forbearance, moderation, patience, or staidness]: (Bd:) or he incited, or excited, his people to be promptly obedient and submissive (A^ano yaxif~uwA) to him and to that which he desired of them; like Aisotafaz~a: (Ksh:) or he incited, or excited, his people to levity, or unsteadiness, (Alxif~ap,) and ignorance, foolishness, or wrong conduct. (Msb.) And you say, Astxf~ fulaAnFA Eano raA^oyihi (assumed tropical:) He incited, or excited, such a one to ignorance, foolishness, or wrong conduct, and levity, or unsteadiness, so as to make him swerve from his right sentiment, opinion, or judgment; (Az, K, TA;) as also Astfz~hu En rA^yh. (Az, TA.) A boot; (KL, PS, &c.;) a certain thing that is worn (JK, S, Msb, K, TA) upon the foot: (TA:) pl. xifaAfN (S, L, Msb, K) and A^axofaAfN [which is a pl. of pauc.]. (L, TA.) Hence, rajaEa bixuf~aYo HunayonK [He returned with the two boots of Honeyn]; a saying which originated thus: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) an Arab of the desert bargained with Honeyn the A_isokaAf [or maker of shoes and boots], (K,) who was of the people of El-Heereh, (TA,) for a pair of boots, until he angered him, (K,) and Honeyn desired to anger the Arab: (TA:) so when the Arab of the desert departed, Honeyn took one of his two boots and threw it down in the way, and then he threw down the other in another place; and when the Arab passed by one of them, he said, “ How like is this to the boot of Honeyn ! and if the other were with it, I would take it: ” and he went on: and when he came to the other, he repented of having left the former: and Honeyn had lain in wait for him: therefore when the Arab went away in search of the former [boot], Honeyn betook himself to the camel that he rode, and what was upon it, and went away therewith; and the Arab came, having with him nothing but a pair of boots; and it was said, (K,) i. e. his people said to him, (TA,) “ What hast thou brought from thy journey? ” and he answered, jiy^otukumo bixuf~aYo HunayonK [“ I have brought you the two boots of Honeyn ”]: and this became a prov., applied on the occasion of one's despairing of an object of want, and returning disappointed: (K:) thus the case is related by A 'Obeyd, and by most others after him. (TA.) Accord. to ISk, Honeyn was a strong man, who asserted his relationship to Asad Ibn-Háshim Ibn-'Abd-Menáf, and came to 'Abd-El-Muttalib, wearing a pair of red boots, [formerly distinctive of kings and men of high rank,] and said, “ O my paternal uncle, I am the son of Asad the son of Háshim the son of 'Abd-Menáf: ” but 'Abd-El-Muttalib said, “ No, by the garments of my father Háshim, I know not in thee the natural qualities of Háshim; therefore return thou: ” so he returned: and it was said, rajaEa HunayonN bixuf~ayohi [Honeyn returned with his pair of boots]. (O, K, &c.) As to the saying of the rájiz, yaHomilu fiY saHoqK mina AlxifaAfi tawaAdiyFA suw~iyna mino xilaAfi he means thereby [He carries, in] a pastor's bag (kinof) made of the leg of a xuf~ [or boot, wooden implements to be tied upon the dugs of she-camels, made of different trees]. (S. See xilaAfN.) ― -b2- The foot (KL, PS) of the camel; (S, Msb, KL, PS;) the whole (majomaE) of the firosin of the camel; (JK, K, TA;) of the male and of the female; corresponding to the HaAfir [or hoof] of the horse: (TA:) and sometimes of the ostrich, (K,) because resembling that of the camel: (TA:) but of no other than these two: (K:) of the masc. gender; whereas firosinN [its syn.] is fem.: (TA:) pl. A^axofaAfN. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b3- [And hence, by a synecdoche, for *awaAtu xuf~K,] (tropical:) Camels; coupled with HaAfirN as meaning horses, [and sometimes asses or mules], (Mgh, TA, *) and ZilofN [as meaning sheep or goats or other cloven-hoofed beasts]. (TA.) You say, maAlahu xuf~N walaAHaAfirN walaA ZilofN (tropical:) [meaning He possesses not camels, nor horses or asses or mules, nor sheep or goats or other cloven-hoofed beasts]. (TA.) You say also, jaA='ati AlA_ibilu EalaYxuf~K waAHidK, meaning (tropical:) The camels came following one another, the head of each [except the first] being at the tail of the next [before it], whether tied together in a file or not. (L.) ― -b4- An aged camel: (K:) [and a weak camel:] or, as some say, a bulky camel: pl. A^axofaAfN. (TA.) It is said in a trad., yuHomaY mina AlA^arAaki maA lamo tanalohu A^axofaAfu AlA_ibili [Of the trees called ArAk, what the aged and weak of camels cannot reach may be prohibited]: i. e. what is near, thereof, to the place of pasturage is not to be prohibited, but is to be left for the aged and weak camels, that cannot go far in search of pasture: (As, O, Msb:) or what camels cannot reach (Msb, TA) by means of their AxfAf, (Msb,) by walking thereto, (TA,) may be prohibited: (Msb, TA:) or it means, what camels cannot reach with their heads may be prohibited [to be shaken or beaten off for them]. (Mgh.) ― -b5- (tropical:) The sole, or part that touches the ground, of the foot of a man. (M, K, TA.) ― -b6- (tropical:) A tract of ground (S, A, O, L) more rugged, (S, O, L,) or longer, (A,) than such as is termed naEolN: (S, A, O, L:) or a rugged piece of ground. (K.) : see xafiyfN, in four places. -A2- Also A company consisting of few persons. (S, K.) You say, xaraja fulaAnN fiY xif~K mino A^aSoHaAbihi Such a one went forth among a company consisting of few persons of his companions. (S.) an inf. n. of 1 [in almost all of its senses, proper and tropical; and much used as a simple subst., signifying Lightness: (assumed tropical:) levity: &c.]. (JK, S, Msb, K, &c.) : see what next follows, in four places. a part. n. of 1 [in all its senses, proper and tropical, signifying Light: &c.]: (JK, S, * Msb, K, * TA:) as also ↓ xif~N [in the proper sense] (JK, * S, * Msb, K, * TA) and ↓ xufaAfN: (S, * K, * TA:) the first is applied to a thing; as also ↓ the second, (Msb,) which signifies anything light to carry, (TA,) [as also the first;] and light in weight but heavy in price, not incommoding the bearer: (Har p. 139:) and the first and ↓ third are also applied to a man: (S, TA:) but, as some say, the first means [light] in body [as well as in tropical senses]; and ↓ the third, (assumed tropical:) [light] in [the sense of possessing] quickness or acuteness or sharpness, and cleverness or ingeniousness: and [in like manner] xafiyfu Alqalobi signifies (assumed tropical:) quick, acute, or sharp, in intellect; and xafiyfu Alr~uwHi, the same; or clever, or ingenious: the pl. of the first is xifaAfN and A^axofaAfN and A^axif~aA='u; the first of which three pls. is also pl. of ↓ xufaAfN: and hence, in the Kur [ix. 41], AinofiruwA xifaAfFA waviqaAlFA [explained in art. vql]. (TA.) ↓ xif~N is also applied to a boy, (S, TA,) meaning Light to carry; (TA;) as in the saying of Imra-el-Keys, yazil~u AlgulaAmu Alxif~u Eano SahawaAtihi [The boy that is light to carry slips from the parts of his (the horse's) back whereon the rider sits]: (S: so in my copies:) or yuzil~u AlgulaAma Alxif~a [he makes the boy that is light to carry to slip]: and [it is said that] it means also (assumed tropical:) the hardy, strong, or sturdy, boy. (TA.) And xafiyfN signifies also Little burdened or encumbered in journeying, or in residence at home; like ↓ xif~N and ↓ muxif~N. (TA.) [Hence,] rajulN xafiyfu *aAti Alyadi (assumed tropical:) A poor man. (TA.) ― -b2- [(assumed tropical:) Brisk, lively, sprightly, active, agile, prompt, and quick. Hence,] xafiyfN A_ilaY Alxayori [(assumed tropical:) Prompt, or quick, to do good]. (TA in art. h$.) ― -b3- [(assumed tropical:) Light, or easy, of utterance: and (assumed tropical:) light to the ear; light in sound. Hence,] Aln~uwnu Alxafiyfapu [(assumed tropical:) The lightsounding n; as in yafoEalano &c.]; contr. of Alv~aqiylapu: and also applied to the tenween. (TA.) ― -b4- [(assumed tropical:) Light, thin, or scanty; applied to the hair of the head &c. Hence,] huwa xafiyfu AlEaAriDayoni [(assumed tropical:) He is light, thin, or scanty,] in the hair of the two sides of the cheeks, (S and O and Msb in art. ErD,) and of the beard. (O in that art.) ― -b5- Alxafiyfu A certain kind of metre of verse; [namely, the eleventh;] the measure of which consists of faAEilaAtuno musotafoEiluno faAEilaAtuno [in each hemistich]. (K [in which is added “ six times, ” a mistake for “ six feet ”].) [A maker, or seller, of boots (xifaAfN, pl. of xuf~N).] (TA.) : see xafiyfNu. [ (assumed tropical:) The part, or parts, of the person which it is improper, but not grossly indecent, to expose: so in the law-books: see art. Ewr.] xft , (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xufuwtN (S, A, K) and xafotN (Msb, TA) and xufaAtN, (TA,) It (the voice, S, A, Msb) was, or became, still, (S, K,) or silent; (A;) was, or became, low, (Msb,) or soft, or gentle, or slender; and became weak, by reason of vehement hunger. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, said of a dying man, He ceased speaking; (S;) he was, or became, silent; (S, A, K;) he spoke not. (A.) ― -b3- And [hence,] xafata, (A, TA,) inf. n. xufuwtN. (assumed tropical:) He died: (A, TA:) and xafata, inf. n. xufaAtN, (tropical:) he died suddenly; (AA, S, K, TA;) as also maAta xufaAtFA. (A.) And the latter, i. e. xafata inf. n. xufaAtN, accord. to AM, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, weak, and abject, or abased. (TA.) ― -b4- xafotN also signifies The speaking with a suppressed voice; and so ↓ taxaAfutN, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ muxaAfatapN. (K, TA.) And you say, xafata biSawotihi, (Msb,) and bihi ↓ xAft, (TA,) He lowered his voice; spoke with a low voice. (Msb, TA.) And xafata biqiraA='atihi; (TA;) and bihaA ↓ xAft, (A, Msb,) inf. n. muxaAfatapN; (Msb;) and ↓ qaraA^amuxaAfatapF; (TA;) He lowered his voice in his reading or reciting; read, or recited, with a low voice: (A, Msb, TA:) or the second of these signifies he read, or recited, indistinctly, not with raised voice. (Lth, TA.) ― -b5- xafata, said of seed-produce, (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, such as is termed xaAfitN [explained below]. (Msb.) [app. It silenced, or killed: said of a smiting with a sword or the like: see faw~aArN]. (TA.) , inf. n. muxaAfatapN: see 1, in four places. ― -b2- [Hence,] AlA_ibilu tuxaAfitu AlmaDoga The camels ruminate. (TA.) She (a camel) brought forth on the day [of the year] in which she was impregnated [or just a year after she was covered]. (K.) They consulted together secretly. (TA.) See also 1. ― -b2- And txAft (assumed tropical:) He feigned, or made a false show of, weakness and stillness. (TA.) (S) and ↓ xufaAtN, (A,) applied to speech, (S, A,) Uttered with a low, or suppressed, voice. (S, * A.) [See also xaAfitN.] -A2- The former is also syn. with xabotN [A low, or depressed, tract of ground: &c.]. (K. [So accord. to my MS. copy of the K, and accord. to the TA: but in the CK this signification is omitted; for instead of wAlxabotu wabiAlD~am~i Als~a*aAbu, we find waAlxafotu biAlfatoHi wabiAlD~am~i Als~a*aAbu, meaning that HafotN and xufotN signify the same as sa*aAbN.]) [and accord. to the CK xafotN, but this is app. a mistake, (see what next precedes,)] i. q. sa*aAbN [i. e. Rue]; (K;) as also xutofN. (T, TA.) [an inf. n. of 1, q. v. ― -b2- And also used as an epithet; for *uw xufaAtK]: see xafotN. ― -b3- Also Weak hearing. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b4- lasotu xufaAtFA [I am not weak, and abject, or abased]. (T, from a verse of El-Jaadee.) (tropical:) A lean, or an emaciated, woman: (Lh, K:) or a woman who is scarcely seen distinctly, by reason of leanness, or emaciation: (TA:) or a woman who is deemed goodly, or beautiful, (K,) whom the eye regards as worthy of notice, (A, TA,) as long as she is alone, not when she is among other women. (A, K, TA.) You say AimoraA^apN xafowtN lafuwtN: (Lth, A, TA:) lfwt meaning wont to calumniate, or slander. (A.) But AM says, I have not heard xfwt as an epithet applied to a woman on any authority but that of Lth. (TA.) : see what follows, in two places. A voice becoming still, or silent; or low, or suppressed; as also ↓ xafiytN. (A.) You say ↓ SawotN xafiyDN xafiytN. (TA.) ― -b2- One whose voice is still, or silent, by reason of his weakness. (Har p. 76.) Applied to a dying man, Ceasing to speak; silent. (S.) ― -b3- saHaAbN xaAfitN Clouds in which is no water. (Aboo-Sa'eed, K.) A cloud like these does not move from its place: only that which contains water travels along: that which sends forth a slightly-flashing lightning scarcely ever, or never, does so. (Aboo-Sa'eed.) ― -b4- zaroEN xaAfitN (tropical:) Dying, or dead, seedproduce: (A:) or seed-produce that has not grown tall: (Msb, * K, TA:) or that has not attained the full height. (TA.) The weak believer is likened, in a trad., to xaAfitu Alz~aroEi, (A, TA,) which at one time inclines, and at another time stands straight; accord. to A 'Obeyd, xAft meaning what is fresh, or juicy, and soft, or tender: or, accord. to one reading, to xaAfitapu Alz~aroEi, meaning fresh, or juicy, seed-produce, that is soft, or tender, and weak; the p being added in xAfth as though by zrE were meant sunobulap. (TA.) xfr , (S, A, Msb, K,) and xafarabihi, and xafaraEalayohi, (A, K,) aor. (S, K) and , (K,) inf. n. xaforN; (S, K;) and ↓ xf~rhu, (As, S, K,) inf. n. taxofiyrN; (As, S;) and bihi ↓ txf~r; (K;) He protected him; granted him refuge; preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated, him; (S, A, Msb, K;) from him who sought or pursued him. (Msb.) And xafaraAlqawoma, inf. n. xufaArapN, He protected the people and became responsible for their safety. (TA.) ― -b2- And xafarahu He received from him hire for protecting him (K) and being responsible for his safety. (TA.) ― -b3- And xafara, (TK,) inf. n. xifaArapN, (K,) He guarded palm-trees from injury: and seed-produce from the birds: syn. of the inf. n. of the verb in the latter sense, $iraAHapN. (K, TA: in the CK $araAjapN, with fet-h to the $, and with j in the place of H.) ― -b4- See also 5. ― -b5- xafara biAlEahodi, (Mgh, Msb) and biEahodiY, (A,) aor. (Mgh, Msb) and , (Msb,) inf. n. xifaArapN, (Mgh,) He fulfilled the covenant, or engagement, (Mgh, Msb,) and my covenant, or engagement. (A.) ― -b6- See also 4, in two places. -A2- riyHuhu taxofuru $ahowapa Aln~isaA='i Its odour puts a stop to the carnal desire of women. (R, TA.) -A3- xafira, (S, Msb,) or xafirato, (K,) for most assert that this verb is only used in relation to a woman, and it seems to be seldom, if ever, otherwise used, (MF,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xafarN (S, A, Msb, K) and xafaArapN, (K, TA,) or the latter is a simple subst; (Msb;) and ↓ txf~r, (K,) or txf~rt; (M, L;) He, or she, was bashful; or felt, or had a sense of, or was affected with, shame, shyness, or bashfulness; (Msb, TA;) and was grave, staid, or sedate: (Msb:) or was very bashful; &c. (S, M, A, K.) see 1. -A2- taxofiyrN [its inf. n.] is also syn. with ta$owiyrN [The doing an action of which one should be ashamed]: (S, and some copies of the K, and so in the CK:) or tasowiyrN [the act of walling a town]: (so in other copies of the K, and in the TA:) and taHoSiynN [the act of fortifying]. (TA.) He sent, (S, K,) or appointed, (A,) with him a xafiyr [or protector], (S, A, K,) to defend and guard him. (Abu-l-Jarráh El-'Okeylee, TA.) -A2- He broke, or violated, his covenant, or engagement, with him; (S, A, Msb, K;) the A^ having a privative effect; (TA;) he behaved perfidiously, treacherously, or unfaithfully, to him; as also bihi ↓ xafara, (Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xaforN (K, TA, in the CK xafarN) and xufuwrN: (K, TA:) or xufuwrN is an inf. n. syn. with A_ixofaArN as inf. n. of Axfr in the sense above explained, but having no verb, such as xafara, belonging to it: (TA:) or you say, *im~apu fulaAnK ↓ xafarato, inf. n. xufuwrN, such a one's compact, covenant, or obligation, by which he had become responsible for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a person or thing, or the like, was unfulfilled: and AxfrhAAlr~ajulu the man broke, or violated, or failed of performing, it: (Sh, TA:) and AxfrAlEahoda he broke, or violated, the covenant, or engagement: (Mgh:) and Axfr alone signifies the same. (IAth.) see 1, in two places. ― -b2- taxf~rbihi also signifies He had recourse to him for refuge, protection, or preservation; sought his protection; asked him to be his xafiyr [or protector]; (S, A, * K;) and so ↓ xafarahu; (TA;) [and ↓ Astxfrhu, occurring in the S, in art. qwb:] he protected, or defended, himself by means of him; syn. AiHotamaY bihi. (Msb.) see 5. : see xifaArapN. , applied to a man; (Msb;) and the same, (K,) without p, (TA,) and xafirapN and ↓ mutaxaf~irapN, applied to a female, (S, K,) as also ↓ mixofaArN, (K,) as a possessive or an intensive epithet; (TA;) Bashful; or feeling, having a sense of, or affected with, shame, shyness, or bashfulness; (Msb, TA;) and grave, staid, or sedate: (Msb:) or very bashful, &c.; (S, K;) as also ↓ xafiyrN applied to a man: (TA, from a trad.:) pl. [of the first, applied to a female, and of the second,] xafaAy^iru. (K.) (S, A, K) and ↓ xufaArapN (S, A, Msb, K) [both, in Ham p. 677, said to be inf. ns., but they are rather to be regarded as quasi-inf. ns.,] and ↓ xifaArapN (S, Msb, K) and ↓ xafaArapN (K) Protection, refuge, preservation, rescue, or liberation, (S, * A, Msb, K,) from one seeking or pursuing: (Msb:) a compact, a covenant, or an obligation, by which one becomes responsible for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a person or thing; or the like; or simply responsibility, or suretiship; syn. *im~apN: (S, TA:) pl. of the first, xufarN. (TA.) It is said in a trad., mano Sal~aY AlS~uboHa fahowa fiY xuforapi A@ll~`hi Whoso performeth the prayer of daybreak, he is in the protection of God. (TA.) And in another trad., Ald~umuwEu xufaru AlEuyuwni Tears are the protections of the eyes from Hell-fire when they weep from the fear of God. (TA.) And wafato, (S, A,) and ↓ xufaAratuka, (A,) May thy compact, covenant, or obligation, which hath made thee responsible for my safety, be fulfilled, (S,) is said by the object of protection to his protector when he has not as yet preserved him in safety. (A.) : see the next paragraph, in two places. A protector; one who protects, grants refuge, preserves, saves, rescues, or liberates; (S, A, Msb, K;) from one who seeks or pursues; (Msb;) as also ↓ xufarapN: (A, K, TA:) a protector of a people, in whose safeguard they are as long as they remain in his district: (Lth:) pl. xufaraA='u. (A.) One who guards seed-produce from the birds. (TA.) ― -b2- Oae who is protected, to whom refuge is granted, who is preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated. (K.) The K might be thought to imply that ↓ xufarapN is also used in this sense; but it is not. (TA.) ― -b3- See also xafirN. (A, Msb, K) and xufaArapN and xafaArapN (Msb, K) The hire, or pay, of a xafiyr [or protector]: (A, Msb, K:) the vulgar say ↓ xafarN: and some erroneously change the x into g. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xuforapN, first and last sentences. A certain plant, (As, S, K,) which ants collect in their habitations, (TA,) resembling tares, or darnel, (zuwaAn,) (K,) i. e., in form; said to be so called because its odour puts a stop to the carnal desire of women; also called marowN and zagobarN: so says Suh in the R. (TA.) : see xafirN : see xafirN xf$ , aor. , inf. n. xafa$N, He had that quality of the eyes, or sight, which is termed xafa$N as this word is explained below. (Msb.) And xafi$ato Eayonuhu His eye had that quality. (A.) Smallness of the eye, (S, A, K,) or of the eyes, (Msb,) and weakness in the sight, by nature: (S, A, Msb, K:) or a natural narrowness in the eye: (TA:) and sometimes it is a disease: (S, Msb: *) or a corrupt state in the eyelids, (Kh, A, K,) and redness, which causes the eyes to become narrow, (Kh,) without pain, (Kh, A, K,) and without ulceration: (Kh:) and (so in the S and A and Msb, but in the K “ or ”) nyctalopia; or the seeing by night, (S, A, K,) but not by day: (S, K:) or the seeing by night more than by day: (Msb:) and in a cloudy day, but not in a clear one: (S, A, Msb, K:) and sometimes, (tropical:) the being affected with ophthalmia, or inflammation of the eye with pain and swelling. (Msb.) kaA^an~ahomo miEozaY HaZiyrapK fiY xafa$K [As though they were the goats of a pen, in respect of weakness of sight,] is a prov., applied to him who falls into blindness or perplexity or the darkness of night; because goats are the weakest of the ganam in rain and cold: originally said by 'Áïsheh. (TA.) The bat; syn. waTowaATN; (K;) a certain flying thing; (Msb;) that flies by night: (S:) so called because it can scarcely see by day; (Msb;) or because of the smallness of its eyes and the weakness of its sight (K, TA) by day: (TA:) its brain, if the hollows of the soles of the feet be anointed with it, excites the venereal passion: and if burnt, and used as a collyrium, it removes, or stops, (according to different copies of the K,) whiteness of the eye, (K, TA,) and sharpens the sight: (TA:) its blood, if smeared upon the pubes of one who has nearly attained the age of puberty, prevents the growth of hair; (El-Minháj, K;) as some say; but this is not true: (El-Minháj:) and if the pudendum of her who has difficulty in bringing forth, be rubbed gently with its gall-bladder, she brings forth immediately: (K, * TA:) the pl. is xafaAfiy$u. (S, K.) [See also xu$~aAfN.] One who has that quality of the eyes, or sight, which is termed xafa$N as this word is explained above: (S, A, Msb:) and one who contracts his eyes when he looks: (TA:) and one who has in his eyes white fluid matter, or motes, or the like: (AZ:) fem. xafo$aA='u. (Msb.) xfD , [aor. ,] inf. n. xafoDN, He lowered it; depressed it; namely, a thing; contr. of rafaEahu. (A.) ― -b2- He (God) abased him; (S, Msb;) namely, an unbeliever. (Msb.) You say, Aall~`hu yaxofiDu mano ya$aA='u wayorfaEu (assumed tropical:) God abaseth whom He will, and exalteth.. (S.) ― -b3- xafaDa janaAHahu He (a bird) [lowered or] relaxed his wing, and contracted it to his side, in order that he might rest, or cease, from his flying. (TA.) ― -b4- And the same phrase, (tropical:) He made himself gentle, easy to deal with, compliant, or obsequious. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xv. 88], waA@xofiDo xanaA=Haka lilomuw^ominiyna (tropical:) And make thyself gentle, &c., to the believers: (Jel, TA:) or be thou condescending to the believers, and treat them with gentleness. (Bd.) And again, in the same [xvii. 25], (TA,) waA@xofiDo lahumaA janaAHa Al*~ul~i mina Alr~aHomapi (tropical:) And humble, or abase, thou thyself to them both, from compassion: (Bd, K, TA:) or make thyself submissively gentle to them both, from compassion: (Bd, * Jel:) or there is a transposition in the sentence, and the meaning is wAxfD lhmA jnAH AlrHmp mn Al*l~ [and make thyself compassionately gentle to them both, from submissiveness]. (O, K.) ― -b5- A_in~a A@ll~`ha yaxofiDu AlqisoTa wayarofaEuhu, in a trad., means Verily God, at one time, bringeth down to the ground the just, or equitable; and, at another time, exalteth him: (ISh:) or maketh ample [the means of subsistence &c.] to whom He will, and maketh scanty to whom He will: (Sgh, K:) or maketh little the portion of the means of subsistence which is the share of any created being, and maketh it much. (TA in art. qsT, q. v.). xafoDu AlEadoli warafoEuhu is also explained as signifying The just's being overcome by the unjust, when men act corruptly, and the just's overcoming the unjust, when they repent, and act righteously. (TA.) [See also art. rfE.] ― -b6- maAzaAlato taxofiDuniY A^aroDN watarofaEuniY A^uxoraY Hat~aY waSalotu A_ilayokumo (tropical:) [app. means One land ceased not to make me go a gentle pace, and another to make me go a vehement pace, until I came unto you: for xafaDa as relating to pace is probably not only intrans., as it will be seen to be below, but also trans., like its contr. rafaEa: or it may mean one land ceased not to make me go down, and another to make me go up, &c.; though its being tropical if having this meaning may be doubted]. (A, TA.) ― -b7- xafaDa Sawotahu, (A, Msb,) aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xafoDN, (S, Msb, K,) (tropical:) He (a man, Msb) lowered his voice; (S, K;) did not raise his voice; (Msb;) [contr. of rafaEahu, as is indicated in the A.] ― -b8- [In most of the above-mentioned senses, ↓ xaf~aDa is nearly; if not exactly, syn. with xafaDa.] ― -b9- xafaDa AlHarofa fiY AlA_iEoraAbi (assumed tropical:) He made the [final] letter to have kesreh, in inflection. (Msb.) xafoDN is syn. with jar~N [q. v.] (S, K) in the inflection of words: (K:) these two terms, in the inflection of words, are like kasorN in the non-inflection, in the conventional language of the grammarians. (S.) -A2- xafuDa Eayo$uhu, aor. , [inf. n., app., xafoDN, q. v. infrà,] (assumed tropical:) His life was, or became, easy; free from trouble or inconvenience, and toil or fatigue; tranquil; and plentiful. (JK, K. *) ― -b2- xafuDa SawotuhaA (assumed tropical:) Her (a woman's) voice was, or became, [low, soft,] gentle and easy. (TA.) ― -b3- xafaDato (assumed tropical:) She (a woman) was, or became, low, soft, or gentle, in voice. (TA.) ― -b4- xafaDati AlA_ibilu, [inf. n. xafoDN and maxofuwDN, like the contr. rafoEN and marofuwEN, (see xafoDN below,)] (tropical:) The camels went a gentle pace; (A, TA;) contr. of rafaEat. (A.) ― -b5- xafaDa biAlmakaAni, aor. , (assumed tropical:) He remained, stayed, or abode, in the place. (K.) [See also xaAfiDN.] A poet says, [app. using the verb in this sense,] A_in~a $akoliY waA_in~a $akolaki $at~aY faA@lozamiY AlxuS~a waA@xofiDiY taboyaDiD~iY [Verily the like of me, and verily the like of thee, are different: therefore keep thou to the booth which is our home, and remain at rest: thou wilt become fair]: the last word is for taboyaD~iY; a D being added. (S.) ― -b6- xafaDa, inf. n. xufuwDN, also signifies (assumed tropical:) He died; said of a man. (TA.) -A3- xafaDati AljaAriyapa, [aor. and inf. n. as below,] She circumcised the girl: [see baZorN:] (Msb:) xafaDotu AljaAriyapa, (S,) or xufiDati AljaAriyapu, (A, K,) is like xatanotu AlgulaAma, (S,) or, xutina AlgulaAmu: (A, K:) the former verb applies only to a girl: (Msb, K:) or you say sometimes, xfaDa AlS~abiY~a, aor. , inf. n. xafoDN, meaning he circumcised the boy. (TA.) see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. ― -b2- xaf~iDo raA^osa AlbaEiyri Draw thou the camel's head towards the ground, that thou mayest mount him. (Lth, K.) ― -b3- xf~Dhu (assumed tropical:) He weakened, and lowered, or abased, his state, and his rank. (TA.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) He quieted him, or tranquillized him, and rendered the affair, or case, or state, easy to him. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b5- xaf~iDo Ealayoka jaA$aka (assumed tropical:) Quiet, or calm, thy heart. (TA.) ― -b6- xaf~iDi Alqawola yaA fulaAnu (tropical:) Make thou thy words (lit. the saying) gentle, or soft, O such a one: (K, TA:) and xaf~iDo Ealayoka Alqawola [signifies the same]. (S.) ― -b7- xaf~iDo Ealayoka AlA^amora, (S, K, *) or [simply] xaf~iDo Ealayoka, (A,) (tropical:) Make thou the case, or affair, light, or easy, (S, A, K,) to thyself: (A:) [i. e. regard it lightly: for] xaf~iDiY Ealayoki, occurring in a trad., as said by Aboo-Bekr to 'Áïsheh, means make thou the case, or affair, light, or easy; and do not grieve for it. (TA.) ― -b8- A^uSiyba bimaSaAy^iba taxaf~iDu Almawota (assumed tropical:) He was smitten by afflictions which brought near to him death, and from which he could not escape. (IAar, L.) : see art. rfE. see what next follows. , (JK, S, Sgh,) or ↓ AxtfD, (K,) or both, (TA,) [but the latter seems to be very rare, whereas the former is of very frequent occurrence,] and ↓ txf~D, (A,) It was, or became, lowered, or low, or depressed (JK, S, A, Sgh, K.) : see 7. -A2- AxtfDt She (a girl) was, or became, circumcised. (S, K.) [See 1, last signification.] : [see xafaDa, (of which it is the inf. n.,) throughout. ― -b2- ] A state of abatement, or remissness, or the like: (A, TA:) (assumed tropical:) ease; repose; freedom from trouble or inconvenience, and toil or fatigue; tranquillity; quietness; quietude; stillness; syn. daEapN; (S, A, K;) and raAHapN; (Msb;) and sukuwnN; (TA;) of life: (Msb:) or ampleness of the circumstances of life; (El-Marzookee, Msb;) plentifulness and pleasantness thereof: (El-Marzookee:) softness, delicateness, or easiness: (A, TA:) pleasant life: (L:) and [in like manner] ↓ xafiyDapN, softness, delicateness, or easiness, of life; and ampleness of the circumstances thereof: (TA:) and the former, (assumed tropical:) gentleness and easiness of voice. (TA.) You say, humo fiY xafoDK mina AlEayo$i (assumed tropical:) They are in an easy, or a tranquil, [or a plentiful and pleasant, or a soft or delicate,] state of life. (S.) [This phrase is said in the A to be tropical; but why, I do not see; since xafoDN in the sense of daEapN is proper accord. to the same authority.] And huwa fiY xafoDi AlEayo$i (assumed tropical:) He is in an ample, and an easy, or a tranquil, state of life. (Msb.) And a poet says, laA yamonaEan~aka xafoDa AlEayo$i fiYdaEapK nuzuwEu nafosK A_ilaY A^aholK waA^awoTaAni taloqaY bikul~i bilaAdK A_ino Halalota bihaA A^aholFA biA^aholK wajiyraAnFA bijiyraAni (Ham p. 137, and Sgh;) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Let not yearning of soul for family and homes prevent thee from enjoying] ampleness of the circumstances of life, or plentifulness and pleasantness thereof, in ease and tranquillity: [thou wilt find in every country, if thou take up thine abode in it, a family for a family, and neighbours for neighbours:] (ElMarzookee, MF:) another reading, which is preferable, though each is allowable, is nizaAEu in the place of nuzuwEu. (Ham ubi suprà.) ― -b3- [It is also used as an epithet; app. for *uw xfoDK.] You say, Eayo$N xafoDN, (JK, TA,) and ↓ xaAfiDN, (S, A, K,) and ↓ xafiyDN, and ↓ maxofuwDN, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) An easy, or a tranquil, (JK, S, K, TA,) and plentiful, (JK, TA,) and soft, or delicate, (TA,) life: (JK, S, &c.:) and ↓ maxofiDN signifies the same as xafoDN. (TA: there mentioned in the same place as here.) [It is said in the A, that Ey$ ↓ xAfD is like Eiy$apN raADiyapN, (meaning that it is for Eayo$N maxofuwDN,) and that it is tropical.] ― -b4- Also (tropical:) A gentle pace; contr. of rafoEN; (S, A, * K;) and so ↓ maxofuwDN; (S, * A;) contr. of marofuwEN. (A, TA.) [See xafaDati AlA_ibilu.] ― -b5- Also Low, or depressed, land: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ xaAfiDapN a low, or depressed, tract (taloEapN muTomay^in~apN) of land: (ISh, K:) raAfiEapN signifying [the contr., i. e.] a hard and elevated tract of land. (ISh.) and HaAli rifoEapK [He is in a state of abasement and in a state of elevation: or perhaps the word xfDp should be written xifoDp, to agree in form with rifoEap, and because in itself denoting a state]. (A.) (tropical:) A low, soft, or gentle, voice. (TA.) And kalaAmN xafiyDN and ↓ maxofuwDN (tropical:) [Low, soft, or gentle, speech]. (A, TA.) See also xaAfiDN. ― -b2- Eayo$N xafiyDN: see xafoDN. , as a subst.: see xafoDN, near the beginning of the paragraph. , one of the names of God called AlA^asomaA='u AlHusonaY, The Abaser of the proud, haughty, or insolent: (K:) the Abaser of everything which He desireth to abase. (TA.) ― -b2- xaAfiDapN raAfiEapN in the Kur [lvi. 3, applied to the resurrection, (AlqiyaAmap,)] means Abasing certain persons to Hell: exalting certain persons to Paradise: (O, K:) or abasing the disobedient: exalting the obedient. (Zj.) ― -b3- A rájiz [of the tribe of Asad (S in arts. $wl and Sn)] says, censuring a collector of the poor-rate, xaAfiDa sin~K wamu$iylFA sin~aA A^aA_ibiliY taA^okuluhaA muSin~aA [Dost thou devour my camels, elevating the nose with pride, lowering age in one case and raising age in another?]: or, accord. to IAar, this was a man addressing his wife, and censuring her father, who had required as her dowry twenty camels, all to be banaAt labuwn, and demanded them of him; and when he saw among his camels a fat Hiq~ap, he said “ This is a binot labuwn, ” that he might take her; and when he saw a lean bnt lbwn, he said “ This is a binot maxaAD, ” that he might leave her. (S.) ― -b4- huwa xaAfiDu AljanaAHi (tropical:) He is gentle, easy to deal with, compliant, or obsequious: (A, TA:) (tropical:) he is grave, staid, sedate, or calm; (TA;) and so huwaxaAfiDu AlT~ayori. (K, TA.) ― -b5- AimoraA^apN xaAfiDapu AlS~awoti, and AlS~awoti ↓ xafiyDapu, (assumed tropical:) A woman low, soft, or gentle, in voice: (TA:) not clamorous and foul-tongued. (T, TA.) ― -b6- Eayo$N xaAfiDN: see xafoDN, in two places. ― -b7- A^aroDN xaAfiDapu Als~uqoyaA (assumed tropical:) Land easy of irrigation. (K.) The contr. is termed raAfiEapu AlsqyA. (TA.) ― -b8- bayoniY wabayonaka layolapN xaAfiDapN (tropical:) Between me and thee is a night of easy journeying. (S, TA.) ― -b9- qawomN xaAfiDuwna (assumed tropical:) A people, or company of men, remaining at a water: when going in search of pasture and of the places where rain has fallen, they are not so called. (IAar.) -A2- xaAfiDapN A woman who circumcises girls. (S, A, Msb, K. *) And xaAfiDN is sometimes applied to A man who circumcises boys. (TA.) , as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: see xafoDN, last signification. A place where a people are in a state of ease, or tranquillity; or in a plentiful and pleasant state of life. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xafoDN, in the latter part of the paragraph. -A2- maxofiDN also signifies The place of a girl where the operation of circumcision is performed. (Lh and Az, in TA, voce Eu*orap.) : see xafoDN, in two places, in the latter part of the paragraph: and see xafiyDN. -A2- maxofuwDpN A girl circumcised. (Mgh, Msb.) All the letters of the alphabet except g Z T D S x, and q; (K;) which latter are called AlmusotaEoliyapu. (TA.) xfq signifies The striking, or slapping, (JK, S, K,) a thing, [so as to make a slight sound,] with a dir~ap [q. v.], (JK, K,) or with something broad. (JK, S, K.) You say, xafaqahu, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. [and ], inf. n. xafoqN, (Msb,) He struck, or slapped, him, or it, [so as to make a slight sound,] with something broad, (Mgh, Msb,) such as a dir~ap. (Msb.) And xafaqahu, aor. and , He struck him slightly, [or so as to make a slight sound,] with a sword, (S, K,) and with a whip, and with a dir~ap. (TA.) And xafaqa AlA^aroDa binaEolihi He struck the ground [so as to make a sound] with his sandal. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And hence, i. e. from xafaqahu as first explained above, (Mgh,) The sounding [of the patting, or pattering,] (JK, Mgh, K) of the sandal, (JK, K,) or of the sandals, (Mgh,) and the like: (TA:) and xafoqu AlA^aqodaAmi EalaY AlA^aroDi [the sounding of the patting, or pattering, of the feet upon the ground]. (Az, in TA, art. hms.) You say, xafaqa Aln~aEolu The sandal made a sound, or sounds. (Msb.) ― -b3- And xafaqati Alr~aAyapu, aor. and , inf. n. xafoqN and xafaqaAnN (S, K) and xufuwqN, (TA,) The banner, or standard, was, or became, in a state of commotion; moved, or went, to and fro; trembled; fluttered; or quivered; (S, K;) as also ↓ Axtfqt: (JK, K:) and in the same sense the former verb is used in speaking of the heart; (S, Msb;) xafaqaAnu Alqalobi signifying the fluttering, or palpitating, of the heart; (JK, T, K;) and in like manner xafaqaAnu AljinaAHi the fluttering, or flapping, of the wing: (JK:) so, too, the former verb is used in speaking of the mirage; (S, K;) and ↓ the latter verb likewise; (Lth, K;) and Ru-beh, by poetic license, makes the f of [the inf. n.] Alxafoq to be with fet-h, in his saying, mu$otabihi AlA^aEolaAmi lam~aAEi Alxafaqo [Indistinct in respect of the signs of the way, glistening much in the quivering, or fluttering]: (S, K:) in like manner, also, the former verb is used in speaking of lightning, (S, * TA,) inf. n. xafoqN; (S;) and of a sword, and of the wind, and the like: and ↓ Axfq, said of the heart, and of lightning, and of a sword, and [Axfqt said] of a banner, or standard, and of the wind, signifies the same: (TA:) or xafaqati Alr~iyHu, (S,) inf. n. xafaqaAnN, (S, TA,) signifies The wind made a rustling, or murmuring, or confused and continued, sound. (S, TA. *) And xafaqati Aln~aAqapu The she-camel broke wind, with a sound. (K.) ― -b4- xafaqa said of a bird, [because of the flapping, or sound, of its wings,] It flew. (S, K.) See also 4, first sentence. And said of an arrow, [because of its whizzing,] It went swiftly. (TA.) And xafaqa fiY AlbilaAdi, inf. n. xufuwqN, He went away into, or in, the countries, or lands, &c. (TA.) ― -b5- Also, said of a man, [in the CK, fulaAnFA is erroneously put for fulaAnN,] He moved, or shook, his head, (S, K,) or bent [down] his head, (TA,) [or nodded,] being drowsy, or dozing; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ Axfq: (Sgh, K:) or he drowsed, or dozed: (Mgh:) or he had a fit of drowsiness, or dozing, and then awoke: (TA:) or he slept; (JK, TA;) so says Ibn-Háni; (TA;) aor. and , (JK,) inf. n. xufuwqN. (TA.) And xafaqa biraA^osihi A^awo xafoqatayoni ↓ xafoqapF, (Mgh, Msb,) occurring in a trad., (Mgh,) He bent [down] his head, without the rest of his body, [or nodded,] once, or twice, being taken by a fit of drowsiness, or dozing. (Msb.) It is said in another trad., kaAnato ruw^uwsuhumo A^awo xafoqatayoni ↓ taxofiqu xafoqapF [Their heads used to nod by reason of drowsiness, or dozing, once or twice]. (S.) And in another, kaAnuwA yanotaZiruwna AlEi$aA='a Hat~aY taxofiqu ruw^uwsuhumo, i. e. [They used to wait for nightfall until] they slept so that their chins dropped upon their breasts. (TA.) ― -b6- xafaqati Aln~ujuwmu, inf. n. xufuwqN, The stars set, or disappeared. (S.) And xafaqa Aln~axomu, (JK, Mgh, K,) aor. , inf. n. xufuwqN, (K,) The star, or the asterism, [or the Pleiades,] set, or disappeared; (JK, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ Axfq: (JK:) or the former signifies the star, &c., went down in the place of setting; and in like manner the verb is used in speaking of the moon; (TA;) and of the sun: (IAar, TA:) and Aln~ujuwmu ↓ Axfqt signifies the stars retired to the place of setting: (S, K:) or, as some say, shone with a flickering light, or glistened, or shone brightly: [because of their twinkling, or apparent quivering: or] as though the A in the verb had a privative effect. (TA.) One says, waradotu xufuwqa Aln~ajomi, meaning [I came] at the time of the setting of the Pleiades; making the inf. n. an adv. n. [of time]. (S, TA.) ― -b7- Hence, (Mgh, TA,) or, as some say, from the same word as signifying “ the act of striking [or slapping], ” (TA,) Alxafoqu signifies The act of inserting; (Mgh;) [i. e.] the causing the penis to become concealed in the vulva; (K;) or the act of copulation: (JK:) or [rather] the penis' becoming concealed in the vulva. (Az, TA.) ― -b8- xafaqa All~ayolu The night for the most part passed away: (JK, K:) [and in like manner the verb is said of the day:] see xaAfiqN. ― -b9- xafaqa AlmakaAnu The place was, or became, void, or unoccupied. (TA.) ― -b10- xufuwqN in a horse is The being slender, or lean, in the belly. (AO, K. [See xafiqN.]) , said of a bird, It beat with [or flapped] its wings: (S, K:) and bijinaAHayohi ↓ xafaqa [signifies the same]. (S and K in art. rnq.) And Axfq bivawobihi He (a man) made a sign with his garment, by raising it, and waving it. (S, Z, Sgh, K.) ― -b2- Said of the heart, and of lightning, and of a sword, &c.: see 1. ― -b3- And said of a drowsy, or dozing, man: see 1. ― -b4- Also He (a man who had gone on a warring and plundering expedition) failed of obtaining any spoil: (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh, K, and Ham p. 157, and Har p. 26:) because he becomes in a shaky, or unsteady, condition, at that time: or because his travelling-bags become unsteady, or shake about, by reason of their lightness and emptiness: so that the verb is of the same category as A^aEoTa$a [meaning “ his camels thirsted ”] and A^ajoraba [meaning “ he had his camels affected with the mange, or scab]: (Har ubi suprà:) or the proper signification is, he found the spoil to be not stationary: (TA:) or it means he returned disappointed of spoil, or of predatory warfare: (JK:) or he was disappointed of that for which he hoped. (Ham p. 157.) And He (a hunter or fowler) returned without having taken any game. (S, K.) And His property became little. (TA.) You say also, Axfq fiY zaAdihi He (a man) had his travelling-provisions all spent, or consumed, [so that his provision-bags, being empty, shook about.] (JK.) and Talaba HaAjapF faA^axofaqa (S, K) He sought an object of want, and failed of obtaining it. (K.) ― -b5- Axfq Aln~ajomu, and Axfqt Aln~ujuwmu: see 1. -A2- Axfq fulaAnFA He threw down, or prostrated, such a one on the ground. (AA, K.) see 1, in two places. A camel's lip flaccid, or pendulous. (JK.) ― -b2- farasN xafiqN and xafiqapN and ↓ xufaqN and xufaqapN A horse, or mare, slender, or lean, in the belly: sometimes the animal is so by nature; sometimes, by reason of loss of flesh; and sometimes, by being jaded: (AO, K:) sometimes, also, they said xafiqu AlA^aHo$aA='i; at other times using the epithet by itself: (AO, TA:) pl. [masc.] xifaAqN and [fem.] xafiqaAtN and xufaqaAtN. (AO, K.) and [its fem.] with p: see xafiqN. [A single nodding of the head, by reason of drowsiness, or dozing]: see 1, in two places: (Mgh, Msb:) a slight, or light, sleep. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting Ed-Dejjál [or Antichrist], yaxoruju fiY xafoqapK mina Ald~iyni, explained as meaning [He will come forth] in a time when religion will be drowsy, or dozing, by reason of weakness. (TA.) ― -b2- maDaY xafoqapN mina All~ayoli means A period (saAEapN) of the night passed. (JK.) ― -b3- And one says, sayoru All~ayoli AlxafoqataAni wasayoru Aln~ahaAri AlbarodaAni [The time of] the journeying of the night is the first part thereof and the last part thereof, and [that of] the journeying of the day is the morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall. (TA.) -A2- See also the next paragraph, in two places. , (K,) or, as in the Tekmileh, ↓ xafoqapN, (TA,) A thing with which one strikes, or beats, such as a thong, or strap, or a dir~ap [q. v.]. (K, TA.) [See also mixofaqapN.] -A2- And the former, (K,) or ↓ the latter, (JK,) A smooth desert in which is [the kind of mirage termed] A=l: (JK, K:) so says Lth. (TA.) [See also maxofaqN.] A garment with which one makes a sign, by raising it, and waving it. (JK.) : see xaAfiqN. ― -b2- Also A she-camel that breaks wind [often], with a sound. (K.) [Flapping, or flapping much;] applied to a wing. (TA.) And applied to a bird, [because of the sound of its wings,] meaning Flying. (TA.) ― -b2- A^aroDN xaf~aAqapN A land in which the saraAbi [or mirage] quivers. (TA.) ― -b3- xaf~aAqu Alqadami A man broad in the fore part of the foot: (S, K:) or broad in the under part, or sole, of the foot: (JK, TA:) or having the foot light upon the ground; not heavy, nor slow: (IAar, TA:) or quick in step, beating the ground much with the foot so that it makes a sound of flapping to be heard by reason of the vehemence of his tread. (Ham p. 173.) ― -b4- xaf~aAqapu AlHa$aY A woman lank in the belly. (S, L, K, TA.) fem. of xaf~aAqN [q. v.]. ― -b2- [Hence,] Alxaf~aAqapu The anus. (IDrd, K.) [act. part. n. of xafaqa in all its senses]. It is applied as an epithet to the saraAb [or mirage, as meaning Quivering]: and so ↓ xafuwqN [but with an intensive signification]. (JK.) And [the fem. pls.] xawaAfiqu and xaAfiqaAtN are used as [substs.] signifying Banners, or standards, [because of their fluttering.] (TA.) ― -b2- Applied to a man, Moving, or shaking, his head, or bending it [down, or nodding], when drowsy, or dozing. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence, app.,] raA^ayotu fulaAnFA xaAfiqa AlEayoni (tropical:) I saw such a one with the eye cast down, and depressed in the head [as though drowsy]. (TA.) ― -b4- A^ay~aAmu AlxaAfiqaAti Certain days in which the stars [in great number] became scattered (tanaAvarato [in the CK, erroneously, tanASarato]), [causing a belief that the day of judgment was at hand, (see Kur lxxxii. 2,)] in the time of Abu-l-'Abbás and Aboo-Jaafar, (K, TA,) the 'Abbásees. (TA.) ― -b5- AlxaAfiqaAni is a term applied to The place of sunrise and the place of sunset, (AHeyth, JK, Mgh, K,) by the attribution of predominance to the latter; for AlxaAfiqu, meaning the disappearing, is applied to the place of sunset: (AHeyth, TA:) or the horizon (A^ufuq) of the place of sunrise and that of the place of sunset; (S, K;) accord. to Lth (TA) and ISk, (S, TA,) because the night and the day for the most part pass away (↓ yaxofiqaAni, so in the T and S, but in the K, erroneously, yaxotalifaAni, TA) between them, (T, TA,) or in them: (S, TA:) or the two [opposite] extremities of the heaven and the earth: (As, Sh, K:) or the end of the heaven and earth: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, K:) or two vacant spaces (hawaAA=ni) next to the two [opposite] sides of the earth: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, TA:) and xawaAfiqu Als~amaA='i signifies The regions of the heaven from which issue the four [cardinal] winds. (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, K.) One says, maAbayona AlxaAfiqayoni mivoluhu There is not between the place of sunrise and the place of sunset the like of him. (TA.) And A^aloHaqahu A@ll~`hu biAlxaAfiqi and biAlxawaAfiqi [May God remove him to the place of sunset and to the four cardinal regions of the heaven or earth]. (TA.) ― -b6- xaAfiqN also signifies A place void of, or unoccupied by, any one to cheer by his presence. (TA.) , applied to a desert (falaApN), Wide, (S, K,) in which the saraAb [or mirage] quivers. (S.) ― -b2- Applied to a horse or mare, (JK, S, K, TA,) mostly to a female, (IDrd, TA,) and a she-camel, (IDrd, JK, K,) and a male ostrich, (IDrd, S, K,) Quick, or swift: (K:) or very quick or swift: (JK, S:) and ↓ xanofaqiyqN, (so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ xayofaqiyqN, (so in other copies of the K and in the JK and O, and so written by A'Obeyd,) each correct, the n in the former and the Y in the latter augmentative, (MF, TA,) is applied to a she-camel and a male ostrich, (JK, K,) in the former sense, as is also xayofaqN, (JK,) or in the latter sense. (A'Obeyd, K.) Accord. to some, applied to a she-camel, it signifies Lean, or lank, in the belly; having little flesh. (TA.) And, applied to a woman, Long in the rufogaAni [app. here meaning the two inguinal creases], slender in the bones, and wide in step. (El-Kilábee, K.) Also, applied to a woman, Quick and bold; and so ↓ xanofaqiyqN: (TA:) or the latter, so applied, signifies light, active, or agile, and bold: and Sb says that the n in it is augmentative; deriving it from xafoqu Alr~iyHi [explained above: see 1]. (S.) ― -b3- Also i. q. daAhiyapN [meaning either A calamity, or, as an epithet, very cunning]; (AA, K;) and so ↓ xanofaqiyqN; which latter occurs in a verse, variously related, applied to a child brought forth by a woman who had been in labour a whole night; (S, K;) meaning dAhyp; or, as some explain it, in this instance, meaning imperfectly formed; (TA;) [and is also used as a corroborative of dAhyp; for] one says ↓ daAhiyapN xanofaqiyqN [a great, or severe, calamity; or extremely cunning]. (S.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in four places. -A2- Also, (as in some copies of the K,) or ↓ xayofaqiyqN, (as in other copies of the K and in the JK, and thus written by Lth,) a word imitative of The sound of the running of horses (JK, K) in which is a quivering, or convulsive, motion. (K.) : see xayofaqN: -A2- and see also xanofaqiyqN. A place, (TA,) or a level land, (As, TA,) in which the saraAb [or mirage] quivers. (As, TA.) [See also xifoqapN.] ― -b2- And [the pl.] maxaAfiqu signifies The places of setting [of stars]: and is used as [a sing.,] meaning the place of setting of a star. (Ham p. 152.) [See also xaAfiqN.] A broad sword: (JK, S, K:) or anything broad with which one strikes. (Mgh.) A dir~ap [q. v.] (JK, S, K) with which one strikes [or flogs]: (S:) or (so in the K, but in the JK “ and ”) a whip of wood: (JK, K:) so says Lth. (TA.) A man (T) having a fluttering, or palpitation, of the heart. (IDrd, * T, K. *) ― -b2- And Possessed, bereft of reason, or insane; syn. majonuwnN: (AA, K:) fem. with p. (AA.) xfw , (S, K,) aor. yaxofuw, (S,) inf. n. xafowN (S, K) and xufuw~N; (ISd, K;) and xafaY, aor. yaxofiY, inf. n. xFfoYN; (S, TA;) and xafiYa, aor. yaxofaY, inf. n. xafoYN; (Kr, TA;) said of lightning, It flashed, gleamed, or shone, (S, K, TA,) faintly, extending sideways in the adjacent tracts of cloud: when it flashes, gleams, or shines, a little, and then ceases, not extending sideways, it is termed wamiyDN; and when it cleaves the clouds, and extends high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left, it is termed EaqiyqapN: (S, TA:) accord. to A 'Obeyd, xafowN signifies the extending of lightning sideways in the tracts of the sky. (TA.) ― -b2- And xafaA, (K,) inf. n. xafowN, (TA,) It (a thing) appeared. (K, TA. [See also xafiYa, in art. xfY.]) i. q. xifoyapN, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, xafiy~ap,]) an inf. n. of xafiytu lahu as syn. with Aixotafayotu, (K * and TA in art. xfY, q. v.,) the w and Y being interchangeable. (TA.) xfY , (Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. yaxofaY, (Msb, K,) inf. n. xafaA='N, (Mgh, Msb, K,) has two contr. significations: (Mgh, Msb:) It was, or became, unperceived or imperceptible, [or hardly perceived or perceptible, by any of the senses, or only by the eye or ear, or by the mind; mostly] unapparent, or not apparent; (K;) [latent; obscure;] hidden, concealed, or covered; (Mgh, Msb;) [or unconspicuous; but also faint, or dim, to the sight; suppressed, or stifled, said of the voice; or low, faint, gentle, or soft, to the ear; and obscure to the mind, abstruse, recondite, occult, or covert; and secret, private, or clandestine:] and the contr., i. e. it appeared; it was, or became, apparent, open, manifest, plain, or evident; (Mgh, Msb;) [as also ↓ AstxfY: (see musotaxofK, below:)] or, accord. to some, the particle that connects it with its subject distinguishes one meaning from the other: (Msb:) you say, xafiY Ealayohi, aor. and inf. n. as above, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) it (a thing, or an affair, Mgh) was, or became, unperceived or imperceptible, [&c., by him;] unapparent, or not apparent, [or obscure, &c., to him;] (TA;) or hidden, or concealed, from him: (Mgh, Msb:) and xafiYa lahu it appeared to him; it was, or became, perceptible, apparent, open, &c., to him: [but see what follows:] (Mgh, Msb:) whence the sayings of Mohammad, [app. the Hanafee Imám,] referring to spoils, faxafiY lahumo A^ano ya*ohabuwA bihaA wayakotumuwhaA A^ahola Al$~iroki, i. e. It appeared [to them that they should go away with them, or take them away, and conceal them from the believers in a plurality of gods], and xafiYa lahumo A^ano yuxorijuwhaA A_ilaY daAri AlA_isolaAmi [It appeared to them that they should take them forth to the territory of El-Islám]: but this is said only in relation to that which appears from a state of concealment or from a hidden quarter. (Mgh.) [Hence,] bariHa AlxafaA='u The affair, or case, became manifest: (S, K:) or the state of concealment departed, or ceased; but the former explanation is better: or, as some say, ↓ AlxafaA='u here signifies the secret; and the meaning is, the secret became apparent: (TA:) or, lit., the low ground became high and apparent; meaning (assumed tropical:) what was concealed became revealed. (Har pp. 133-4. [See also art. brH.]) [And EalaY xafaA='K means Covertly, secretly, privately, stealthily, or clandestinely. (See also what follows.)] ― -b2- xafiytu lahu, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xufoyapN and xifoyapN (Msb, K) and xifowapN, (K,) the Y and w being interchangeable, (TA,) signifies ↓ Aixotafayotu [i. e. I made myself unapparent to him, lurked, or lay hid or in ambush, for him; cloaked, or disguised, myself to him; hid, or concealed, myself from him]: (K:) [for] AxtfY signifies he hid, or concealed, himself, (Fr, * El-Fárábee, JK, * Msb, K,) minohu from him; (TA;) as also ↓ AstxfY, (Fr, * JK, * Msb, K,) and ↓ AxfY, (IAar, K,) and ↓ txf~Y also is syn. with AxtfY [in this sense]: (Z, TA:) or you say, ↓ Aisotaxofayotu minoka, meaning I hid, or concealed, myself from thee; but not ↓ Aixotafayotu: (IKt, Th, S, Msb:) or ↓ AxtfY in the sense of xafiYa is not of high authority, nor is it disallowed, (Az, Msb, TA,) but ↓ AstxfY is more usual. (Az, TA.) You say, faEalotuhu xufoyapF and xifoyapF [I did it covertly, secretly, privately, stealthily, or clandestinely]. (Msb) And qutila xfoyapF and xifowapF [He was slain covertly, secretly, &c.]. (JK.) And yaA^okuluhu xifowapF [lit. He eats it covertly, &c.,] means he steals it. (K.) In the saying in the Kur [vii. 53], AudoEuw rab~akumo taDar~uEFA waxufoyapF, the meaning [of the last word] is, Submissively, devoting yourselves to his service: or, accord. to Zj, adhering to his service in your minds: or, accord. to Th, celebrating Him in your minds: or, accord. to Lh, in quietness, and stillness: (TA:) or secretly; and so in the similar passage in the Kur vi. 63. (Jel, and so Bd on this latter passage.) xufoyapN is from A^axofayotu AlS~awota [explained below in this paragraph]: (JK:) the intrans. v. whereof is ↓ AxtfY [signifying It (the voice) was, or became, suppressed, or stifled; or low, faint, gentle, or soft; like xafiYa, which is more common]. (Lth, TA.) -A2- xafaAhu, aor. yaxofiyhi, (JK, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. xafoYN (JK, Msb, * K) and xufiY~N, (K,) also has two contr. significations: (S, Msb, TA:) He made it perceptible, apparent, open, manifest, plain, or evident: (JK, S, Msb, K:) and he hid, or concealed, or covered, it; (S, Msb, K; [in this latter sense, erroneously written in the CK xaf~Ahu;]) as also ↓ AxfAhu: (S, K:) or, accord. to some, this latter has the latter meaning; and the former verb has [only] the former meaning: but accord. to other, the reverse is the case: (Msb:) or, accord. to Aboo-' Alee El-Kálee, the former verb has the former meaning only; and ↓ the latter verb has both meanings: (IB, TA:) ↓ the latter is also explained as signifying he removed its xifaA=', i. e. its covering: (TA:) and the former, as meaning he made it to come forth from a state of concealment: (JK:) and he drew it forth; (K;) as also ↓ AxtfAhu. (S, Msb, K.) One says, xafaY AlmaTaru AlfaA^ora The rain made the rats, or mice, to come forth from their holes. (S.) It is said in the Kur [xx. 15], A_in~a Als~aAEapa A=tiyapN A^akaAdu A^axofiyhaA, (JK, TA,) or ↓ A^uxofiyhaA, (JK, S, TA,) accord. to different readers: (TA:) the former means [Verily the hour of the resurrection is coming:] I am almost making it to appear: (JK, TA:) and the latter, I am almost removing that which conceals it: (S, IJ, TA:) or I almost conceal it: (JK, TA:) or, as Ubeí reads it, A^akaAdu A^uxofiyhaA mino nafoisY [I almost conceal it from Myself]: and Fr says [that the meaning is], I almost conceal it from Myself, and how then should I acquaint you therewith? (TA.) And it is said in a trad. respecting the flight [from Mekkeh], AxfY Ean~aA xabaraka [written without the vowel-signs, so that it may be AixofiY or ↓ A^axofiY,] i. e. Conceal thou thine information from such as may ask thee respecting us. (TA.) And in another trad., kaAna yaxofiY Sawotahu biA^aniynK, thus with fet-h to the Y, meaning He used to make his voice perceptible [or audible, with moaning]. (TA.) And you say, AlS~awota ↓ A^axofayotu [meaning I suppressed, or stifled, the voice; or made it low, faint, gentle, or soft]. (Lth, JK, TA.) [And AlkalaAma ↓ AxfY He uttered speech, or the speech, in a low, faint, gentle, or soft, tone; he spoke in a low, faint, gentle, or soft, manner; lit. he made speech, or the speech, to be low, &c.] -A3- xafaY, aor. yaxofiY; and xafiYa, aor. yaxofiY; inf. n. of each xafoYN; said of lightning: see xafaA, in art. xfw. as an intrans. v.: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, near the middle. -A2- As a trans. v.: see 1, in seven places, in the latter half of the paragraph. see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, near the middle. as an intrans. v.: see 1, in four places. ― -b2- , said of a man, [if it be not a mistranscription for AuxotufiYa, like AuxotufiYa damuhu,] signifies also He was slain covertly, secretly, or clandestinely. (JK.) -A2- As a trans. v.: see 1. ― -b2- You say also AxtfY may~itFA He drew forth a dead body from the grave, to steal the grave-clothes. (TA.) ― -b3- And AxtfY Albiy^ora He dug, or cleared out, the well. (Msb.) ― -b4- And AxtfY damahu He slew him without its being known. (K.) see 1, in four places, in the former half of the paragraph. [more properly written xafFY] A thing that is unperceived or imperceptible, [or hardly perceived or perceptible,] unapparent, or not apparent; [latent; obscure; &c.; (see 1, first sentence;)] (JK, K;) as also ↓ xaAfiyapN and ↓ xaAfK [for $aYo'N xaAfK, the explanation in the JK]. (K.) [See also xafaA='N.] A man lank in the belly. (IAar, TA.) inf. n. of xafiYa. (Mgh, Msb, K.) ― -b2- Also A thing that is unperceived or imperceptible [&c. (see xafFA)] by one; unapparent, or not apparent. [latent, or obscure,,] to one; or hidden, or concealed, from one. (TA.) A secret: so, accord. to some, in the phrase bariHa AlxafaA='u mentioned above: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. (TA.) And [in the same phrase, accord. to some,] Low, or depressed, ground. (TA.) A [garment of the kind called] ridaA=', which a woman wears over her other clothes: (Lth, JK:) or a [garment of the kind called] kisaA=': (S, K:) and any covering of a thing, (Lth, JK, *) whatever it be with which one covers a thing, such as a ksA' and the like: (Lth:) pl. A^axofiyapN. (Lth, JK, S, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A^axofiyapu Aln~awori The calyxes of flowers: (K:) sing. as above. (TA.) ― -b3- And A^axofiyapu AlkaraA [The coverings of drowsiness; meaning] the eyes. (K.) i. q. ↓ xaAfK; (S, K;) applied to a thing; (S;) i. e. Unperceived or imperceptible, [or hardly perceived or perceptible, by any of the senses, or only by the eye or ear, or by the mind; mostly] unapparent, or not apparent; (K;) [latent; obscure; hidden, or concealed; or unconspicuous; but also faint, or dim, to the sight; suppressed, or stifled, applied to the voice; or low, faint, gentle, or soft, to the ear; and obscure to the mind, abstruse, recondite, occult, or covert; and secret, private, or clandestine: see 1, first sentence:] pl. xafaAyaA. (S.) [You say najomN xafiY~N A dim star or asterism. And makaAnN xafiY~N An obscure, or a concealed, place. And SawotN xafiY~N A low, faint, gentle, or soft, voice or sound.] And AimoraA^apN xafiy~apu AlS~awoti A woman having a low, faint, gentle, or soft, voice. (TA in art. xfD.) And Aln~uwnu Alxafiy~apu i. q. Alxafiyfapu [q. v.]. (K.) And some of the Arabs say, (Yaakoob, S,) A_i*aA Hasuna mina AlmaroA^api xafiy~aAhaA Hasuna saAy^iruhaA, meaning [When] the voice and the foot-mark of the woman [are good, or pleasing, the rest, or the whole, of what pertains to her is good, or pleasing]: (Yaakoob, JK, S, K:) for when her voice is soft, or gentle, this indicates her being bashful, or shy; and when her foot-marks are near together, and firmly impressed, they indicate that she has [large] buttocks and haunches. (Yaakoob, S.) One says also, laqiytuhu xafiy~FA I met him covertly, secretly, privately, or clandestinely. (TA.) [And ma$aY mi$oyapF xafiy~apF He walked with a soft, or stealthy, gait.] ― -b2- Also One who secludes himself from [other] men; whose place is concealed from them. (TA.) A well: (S, K:) or a deep well; because its water is not perceived, or not apparent: (TA:) or a well of ancient times, that has become filled up and then dug again: (JK, TA:) or any well that has been dug and then left until it has become filled up, then dug again, and cleared out: (ISk, S:) [opposed to badiYo'N:] accord. to A'Obeyd, it is so called because it is made to appear: (S:) pl. xafaAyaA and xafiy~aAtN. (JK, TA) ― -b2- And A tangled, or luxuriant, or dense, thicket, (JK, K, TA,) which the lion takes as his covert: (JK, TA:) or xafiy~ap is the name of a certain place frequented by lions; (S, IB;) and is properly imperfectly decl., so that you say A^usuwdu xafiy~apa; but it may be perfectly decl. in poetry. (IB.) -A2- Also A slight taint, or infection, or a touch, or stroke, of insanity: so in the phrase bihi xafiy~apN In him is a slight taint, &c., of insanity. (Ibn-Menádhir, S, K. *) : see xafiY~N: ― -b2- and see also xafFA. ― -b3- AlxaAfiY The jinn, or genii; (As, Lh, JK, S, K;) because they conceal themselves from the eyes [of men]; (TA;) as also ↓ AlxaAfiyaA='u (JK, K) and ↓ AxaAfiyapu: (K:) or this last signifies what conceals itself in the body, of the jinn, or genii: (Ibn-Menádhir, S:) the pl. (of the first, Lh, JK, [and of the second and third also accord. to analogy,]) is xawaAfK; (Lh, JK, K;) [and of the first, xaAfuwna also, like qaADuwna; for] the bare piece of ground amid herbage is said, in a trad., to be muSal~aY AlxaAfiyna, i. e. [The praying-place] of the jinn, or genii. (TA.) The first (AlxaAfiY) also signifies Mankind; thus bearing two contr. [or rather opposite] meanings. (TA.) And one says, huwa ↓ maA A^adoriY A^aY~u xaAfiyapa, (K and TA voce xaAlifap, q. v.,) or ↓ xaAfiyapK, (CK ibid.,) I know not what one of mankind he is. (K ibid.) ― -b4- A^aroDN xaAfiyapN [and ↓ A^aroDu xaAfiyapK, the latter word in the former case being an epithet, fem. of xaAfK, and in the latter case a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst is predominant,] A land in which are jinn, or genii. (K.) ― -b5- xaAfiY AlguraAbi: see the last sentence but one in the next paragraph. contr. of EalaAniyapN [app. meaning that it signifies A state of being unapparent or not apparent, covert, secret, private, or clandestine: though explained in the TK (followed by Freytag) as an epithet applied to a man, meaning whose actions are always covert]. (K.) ― -b2- See also xafFA. ― -b3- And see xaAfK, in four places. ― -b4- Also One, i. e. a single feather, of the feathers called AlxawaAfiY: (TA:) AlxawaAfiY signifies the feathers below the ten that are in the fore part of the wing: (As, S:) or certain feathers that are concealed when the bird contracts its wing: (K:) or the four feathers that are [next] after those called AlmanaAkib, (Lh, K, *) and next before those called AlA^abaAhir: (S in art. bhr, and L in art. nkb:) or seven feathers in the wing, after the seven foremost: (K, * TA:) but the people [generally] mention them as four: or they are the small feathers in the wing of a bird. (TA.) xanojarN mivolu xaAfiyapi Aln~asori [A dagger like the xAfyp of the vulture], occurring in a trad., means a small xnjr. (TA.) One says also xaAfiyapu AlguraAbi [The xAfyp of the crow]: and the pl. is [sometimes expressed by using the coll. gen. n., saying] AlguraAbi ↓ xaAfiY. (JK.) ― -b5- AlxawaAfiY also signifies The palm-branches [next] below the qilabap [which latter are the branches that grow forth from the heart of the tree]: (S, TA:) thus called in the dial. of Nejd: (TA:) in the dial. of El-Hijáz called AlEawaAhinu. (S, TA.) : see xaAfK. A rifler of graves: (JK, S, Msb, K:) because he extracts the grave-clothes; (S, Msb, TA;) or because he steals covertly: a word of the dial. of the people of El-Medeeneh: fem. muxotafiyapN. (TA.) Hiding, or concealing, himself: and accord. to Akh, appearing: in both of which senses it is said to be used in the words of the Kur [xiii. 11], musotaxofK biAll~ayoli wasaAribN biAln~ahaAri [Hiding himself by night, and appearing by day: or appearing by night, and hiding himself by day: see art. srb]. (TA.) ― -b2- Alyadu Almusotaxofiyapu The hand of the thief, and of the rifler of graves: opposed to Alyadu AlmusotaEoliyapu, which is the hand of him who takes by force, and of the plunderer, and the like: the Sunneh ordains that the former shall be cut off [except in certain cases], but not the latter. (TA.) xl , aor. , (Ks, S, K, TA, in the CK ,) [irreg. in the case of an intrans. v. of this class, unless the verb be of the measure faEula,] and , (K,) [agreeably with general rule,] inf. n. xal~N and xuluwlN; (Ks, S, K;) and ↓ Axtl~; (Sgh, K;) His flesh became little, or scanty; (Ks, S;) or his flesh decreased, diminished, or wasted: (K:) he became lean, or spare. (Ks, S, K.) [But it seems, from what follows, that the verb may be of the measure faEila, aor. ; as well as of the measure faEala, aor. or ; or perhaps of the measures faEila and faEala and faEula, so that the aor. may be regularly and and .] ― -b2- You say also xalilotu mino ka*aA I missed such a thing. (JK.) And xal~a AlbaEiyru mina Alr~abiyEi The camel missed the [herbage called] rbyE, and became lean in consequence thereof. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) ― -b3- And xal~a, (JK, S, K,) inf. n. xal~N; (TA;) and ↓ A^axal~a, (JK, Msb, TA,) or ↓ A^uxil~a, (K,) and bihi ↓ A^uxil~a; (S, TA;) and ↓ Axtl~; (MA, KL;) said of a man, (JK, S, Msb,) He was, or became, poor, or in want or need. (JK, S, MA, KL, Msb, K, AT.) -A2- xal~a Al$~aYo'a, (K,) aor. , inf. n. xal~N, (TA,) He, or it, perforated the thing; transpierced it, or pierced it through; as also ↓ txll~`hu: (K:) so in the M. (TA.) You say, xalalotu Al$~aYo'a biAlxilaAli, aor. , I transfixed, or transpierced, the thing with the [pin called] xlAl. (JK,) [And xal~a All~aHoma He skewered the flesh-meat.] And xalalotuhu biAlr~umoHi I pierced him with the spear. (JK.) And biAlr~umoHi ↓ Axtl~hu He transpierced him, or transfixed him, with the spear; (T, M, K, TA;) and so biAls~ahomi with the arrow: (S:) or the former signifies he pierced him with the spear and transfixed his heart: (TA:) accord. to AZ, AlAixotilaAlu relates to the heart and the liver. (M in art. nZm.) And Alv~aworu ↓ yaxotal~F Alkaloba biqaronihi [The bull pierces the dog with his horn]. (JK. [It is there vaguely indicated that ↓ xil~apN signifies The act, or perhaps the effect, of a bull's piercing a dog with his horn.]) And biAlr~umoHi ↓ txll~`hu He pierced him time after time with the spear. (M, K.) ― -b2- And xal~a AlfaSiyla, (K,) inf. n. xal~N, (TA,) He slit the tongue of the young camel, and inserted into it a wooden pin called xilaAl, in order that he might not such: (K:) or [simply] he slit the tongue of the young camel, in order that he might not be able to such [any longer], so that he became lean; as also xal~a lisaAna AlfaSiyli: (S:) or Alxal~u signifies the fixing a xilaAl above the nose of the young camel, to prevent his sucking. (TA in art. lhj.) ― -b3- And xal~apu, (T, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) aor. , inf. n. xal~N, (S, Msb, TA,) namely, a thing, (TA,) a garment, (T, TA,) a [garment such as is called] kisaA=' (S, K, TA) or radaA=' (Mgh, Msb) &c., (TA,) and a [tent such as is called] xibaA=', (S, TA,) He pinned it with the [pin called] xilaAl; (T, TA;) he conjoined (Mgh, Msb, TA) its two edges, (Mgh, Msb,) or its edges, (TA,) or he fastened it, (K,) with a xilaAl: (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) and ↓ xll~`hu has a similar, but intensive, signification. (Msb) A poet says, samiEona bimawotihi faZaharona nawoHFA qiyaAmFA maA yuxal~u lahun~a Euwdu meaning, laA yuxal~u lahun~a vawobN biEuwdK [i. e. They (the women) heard of his death, and appeared, wailing, standing; no garment of theirs having its edges fastened together with a pointed piece of wood]. (TA.) -A3- xal~a AlA_ibila, (K,) aor. , inf. n. xal~N, (TA,) He removed, transferred, or shifted, the camels to what is termed xul~ap [after they had been pasturing upon HamoD]; as also ↓ A^axal~ahaA: (K:) or the latter signifies he pastured them upon xul~ap. (S.) -A4- xal~a, (Lh, S, K,) [aor. ,] inf. n. xal~N, (TA,) is also syn. with xaS~a [He particularized, or specified]; (Lh, S, K;) contr. of Eam~a; (K;) and so ↓ xl~l: (JK, S, TA:) thus in the phrase, Eam~a fiY duEaAy^ihi waxal~a (S, TA) and waxal~ala (JK, S, TA) [He included, or comprehended, persons or things in common, or in general, in his prayer or supplication &c., and particularized, or specified, some person or thing, or some persons or things]. , inf. n. taxoliylN, [He picked his teeth;] he extracted the remains of food between his teeth with a xilaAl [or toothpick]; (Msb, K, * in which latter the pass. form of the verb is mentioned;) and so ↓ txl~l, alone; (T, S, * O, TA;) but accord. to the K, you say, txll~`hu [he extracted it], meaning the remains of food between the teeth. (TA.) ― -b2- xl~l Al$~aEara biAlmu$oTi [He separated the hair with the comb; he combed the hair]. (Mgh voce ta$oriyHN.) ― -b3- xl~l liHoyatahu, (S, * Msb, K,) and A^aSaAbiEahu, (S, * K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He made the water to flow into the interstices of his beard, (Msb, K,) and of his fingers or toes, (K,) in the ablution termed wuDuwo'; (S, TA;) and ↓ txl~l, alone, signifies the same. (S.) It (the former) is as though it were taken from taxal~alotu Alqawoma meaning “ I entered amid the breaks, or interspaces, of the people. ” (Msb.) Hence the trad., xal~iluwA A^aSaAbiEakumo laA tuxal~alahaA naArN qaliylN buqoyaAhaA [Make ye the water to flow into the interstices of your fingers or toes, lest fire that shall spare little be made to flow into their interstices]. (TA.) ― -b4- xll~`hu kilosFA He put SaAruwj [or kilos, i. e. quick lime, &c.,] into the interstices of its (a building's) stones. (TA in art. kls.) ― -b5- xl~l Alqiv~aA='a, and AlbiT~iyxa, inf. n. as above, He investigated the state of the cucumbers, and the melons, or water-melons, so as to see every one that had not grown, and put another in its place. (AA, TA.) ― -b6- See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. -A2- And see 1 again, last sentence. -A3- xl~l, inf. n. taxoliylN, said of wine and of other beverages, It became acid, or sour; and spoiled: (K:) or, said of $araAb [i. e. wine and the like], (Mgh,) or of nabiy* [i. e. must and the like], (Msb,) or of expressed juice, (K,) it became vinegar; (Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ Axtl~; (Lth, K;) but this is disallowed by Az; (TA;) and ↓ txl~l; but this is of the language of the lawyers; (Mgh;) or, said of nby*, this last signifies it was made into vinegar: (Msb:) or xl~l, said of $rAb, signifies it spoiled, (JK, T,) and became vinegar. (T.) -A4- taxoliylN also signifies The making vinegar; (S;) and so ↓ AixotilaAlN; (K;) i. e. of the expressed juice of grapes and of dates. (TA.) You say, xl~l Alxamora, (K,) or Al$~araAba, (Mgh,) or Aln~abiy*, inf. n. as above, (Msb,) the verb being trans. as well as intrans., (Mgh, Msb, K,) and Aln~abiy*a ↓ txl~l, (TA,) He made the wine, or beverage, or must or the like, into vinegar. (Mgh, Msb, K, TA.) -A5- And xl~l Albusora He put the full-grown unripe dates in the sun, and then sprinkled them (naDaHahu, in some copies of the K nDjh,) with vinegar, and placed them in a jar: (K:) so in the M: and in like manner, other things than busor; as cucumbers, and cabbage, and baA*anojaAn [q. v.], and onions. (TA.) [Accord. to modern usage, the verb signifies He pickled.] , (JK, Mgh, K,) inf. n. muxaAl~apN and xilaAlN (JK, S, K) and [quasi-inf. n.] ↓ xul~apN, (JK,) He acted, or associated, with him as a friend, or as a true, or sincere, friend. (JK, S, * Mgh, K.) laA bayoEN fiyhi walaA xilaAlN, in the Kur [xiv. 36], is said to mean [Wherein shall be no buying or selling] nor mutual befriending: or [and no friends, or true friends, for], as some say, xilaAlN is here pl. of ↓ xul~apN, like as jilaAlN is pl. of jul~apN. (TA.) and A^uxil~a bihi: see 1, near the beginning. ― -b2- A^xal~a bihi He (a man) fell, or stopped, short in it; fell short of accomplishing it; fell short of doing what was requisite, or due, or what he ought to have done, in it, or with respect to it; or flagged, or was remiss, in it; namely, a thing; syn. qaS~ara fiyhi; (Msb;) as, for instance, in belief, and in confession thereof, and in works: (Ksh and Bd in ii. 2:) he left it, neglected it, omitted it; or left it undone: (Har p. 402:) or i. q. A^ajoHafa bihi [app. as meaning he was near to falling short of accomplishing it, or of doing what was requisite in it; or was near to being remiss in it]; namely, a thing. (K.) ― -b3- He failed of fulfilling his compact with him, or his promise to him. (K.) ― -b4- He became absent, or he absented himself, from it; he left, abandoned, or quitted, it; namely, a place &c. (K.) You say, Axl~ bimarokazihi He (a man, S, or a horseman, Mgh) left, abandoned, or quitted, his station (S, Mgh) which the commander had appointed him. (Mgh.) And Axl~ bihimo He became absent, or he absented himself, from them. (JK.) ― -b5- Axl~ AlwaAliY biAlv~uguwri The prefect made the frontiers to be kept by a small body of troops. (K.) -A2- A^axal~a A_ilayohi: see 8. -A3- Axl~hu He made him, or caused him, to want, or be in need. (JK, S, K.) You say, maA A^axal~aka A_ilaY h`*aA What has made thee, or caused thee, to want, or be in need of, this? (S.) And maA A^axal~aka A@ll~`hu A_ilayohi What has God made thee, or caused thee, to want, or be in need of? (Lh, K.) -A4- Axl~ AlA^ibila: see 1, near the end of the paragraph. -A5- Axl~wA, (K,) inf. n. A_ixolaAlN, (TA,) Their camels pastured upon what is termed xul~ap. (K.) ― -b2- Hence, Axl~ said of a man signifies (assumed tropical:) A^axa*a mino qubulK [i. e. He took frontways]: opposed to A^aHomaDa [and Ham~aDa, q. v.], meaning A^axa*a mino duburK. (TA.) -A6- Axl~t Aln~axolapu The palmtree produced bad fruit. (A' Obeyd, JK, S, K.) ― -b2- And The palm-tree produced dates such as are termed xalaAl: [like A^abolaHat from balaHN:] thus it bears two contr. significations. (K.) [primarily signifies It entered, or penetrated, or passed through, the xilaAl, i. e. interstices, &c., of a thing]. You say, taxal~alotu Alqawoma I entered amid the breaks, or interspaces, of the people. (S, M, Msb, K. *) And taxal~aluwA Ald~iyaAra [They went through the midst of the houses]. (S in art. jws.) And txl~l Alr~amola He passed through the sands. (Az, TA.) And txl~l Alqaloba (assumed tropical:) [It penetrated the heart]; said of admonition. (TA in art. bhm.) And txl~l AlA$~aYo'u The thing [i. e. anything] went, or passed, through. (JK, * S, K.) ― -b2- [Hence, It intervened; said of a time &c. And hence the phrase mino gayori taxal~uli Without interruption.] ― -b3- And txl~l AlmaTaru The rain was confined to a particular place, or to particular places; was not general. (S, K.) ― -b4- See also 1, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b5- txl~l Alr~uTaba He sought out the fresh ripe dates in the interstices of the roots of the branches (M, K) after the cutting off of the racemes of fruit. (M.) And txl~l Aln~axolapa He picked the dates that were among the roots of the branches of the palm-tree; as also takar~abahaA. (AHn, TA.) ― -b6- For other significations, see 2, in four places. [said of several persons] The being friendly, one with another. (KL.) [You say, taxaAl~uwA They acted together, or associated, as friends, or as true friends.] [primarily signifies] It had interstices, breaks, chinks, or the like. (MA. [See xalalN.]) ― -b2- [And hence,] It was, or became, shaky, loose, lax, uncompact, disordered, unsound, corrupt, (Msb,) faulty, or defective, (KL, Msb,) [and weak, or infirm, (see xalalN and muxotal~N,)] said of a thing or an affair; (KL;) it became altered for the worse. (Msb.) [You say, Axtl~ mizaAjuhu His constitution, or temperament, became in a corrupt or disordered state. And Axtl~ alone He was, or became, disordered in temper; (see taHam~aDa;) but this seems to be from the same verb said of a camel; (see Axtl~t AlA^ibilu, below;) for the camel becomes disordered in his stomach by pasturing long upon xul~ap, without shifting to HamoD. And Axtl~ Eaqolahu His mind, or intellect, was, or became, unsound, or disordered.] And Axtl~ A^amoruhu [His affair, or state, was, or became, unsound, corrupt, or disordered]; (S, voce AiDoTaraba;) i. e. waqaEa fiyhi Alxalalu. (JM.) ― -b3- He was, or became, lean, meagre, or emaciated; (KL;) and so Axtl~ jisomuhu. (S.) See 1, first sentence. ― -b4- See also xal~a as syn. with A^axal~a or A^uxil~a &c., near the beginning of the first paragraph. [Hence,] Axtl~ A_ilayohi He wanted it, or needed it; (S, Msb, K;) namely, a thing; (S, Msb;) as also Alyh ↓ A^axal~a: (TA:) whence the saying of Ibn-Mes'ood, Ealayokumo biAlEilomi faA_in~a A^aHadakumo laAyadoriY mataY yuxotal~u A_ilayohi [Keep ye to the pursuit of knowledge, or science; for any one of you knows not, or will not know, when it will be wanted, or needed]; i. e., when men will want, or need, that [knowledge] which he possesses. (S.) You say also, Auxotul~a A_ilaY fulaAnK Such a one was wanted, or needed. (JK.) -A2- See also 2, in two places. -A3- Axtl~hu biAlr~umoHi, and biAls~ahomi: and yaxotal~u Alv~aworu Alkaloba biqaronihi: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b2- Axtl~ also signifies He served together. (KL.) ― -b3- Auxotul~a said of herbage: see xul~apN, near the end of the paragraph. -A4- Axtl~ AlmakaAnu The place had in it xul~ap [q. v.]. (MA.) ― -b2- And Axtl~t AlA_ibilu The camels were confined in [pasturage such as is termed] xul~ap. (K.) He attired her with the xiloxaAl [or anklet, or pair of anklets]. (TA.) -A2- xlxl AlEaZoma He took the flesh that was upon the bone. (K.) She attired herself with the xaloxaAl [or anklet, or pair of anklets]. (K.) -A2- txlxl It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) was, or became, old, and worn out. (JK.) a word of well-known meaning, (S, Msb.) Vinegar; i. e. expressed juice of grapes (JK, Mgh, K) and of dates (JK) &c. (K) that has become acid, or sour: (JK, * Mgh, K:) so called because its sweet flavour has become altered for the worse (Aixotal~a): (Msb:) a genuine Arabic word: (IDrd, K:) the best is that of wine: it is composed of two constituents (K) of subtile natures, (TA,) hot and cold, (K,) the cold being predominant: (TA:) and is good for the stomach; and for the gums, (K,) which it strengthens, when one rinses the mouth with it; (TA;) and for foul ulcers or sores; and for the itch; and for the bite, or sting, of venomous reptiles; and as an antidote for the eating of opium; and for burns; and for toothache; and its hot vapour is good for the dropsy, and for difficulty of hearing, and for ringing in the ears: (K: [various other properties &c. are assigned to it in the TA:]) ↓ xal~apN signifies somewhat (lit. a portion) thereof; [being the n. un.:] (Aboo-Ziyád, K;) or it may be a dial. var. thereof, like as xamorapN is [said by some to be] of xamorN: (Aboo-Ziyád, TA:) see also xal~apN: the pl. is xuluwlN [meaning sorts, or kinds, of vinegar]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., niEoma AlA_idaAmu Alxal~u [Excellent, or most excellent, is the seasoning, vinegar!]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A^um~u Alxal~i [The mother of vinegar; meaning] wine. (JK, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also the saying,] maA fulaAnN bixal~K walaA xamorK, (A'Obeyd, JK, S,) or maA lahu xal~N walaA xamorN, (K,) or maA Einoda fulaAnK xal~N walaA xamorN, (S, in art. xmr,) Such a one, or he, possesses neither good nor evil: (A'Obeyd, JK, S, K:) [or neither evil nor good: for] AA says that some of the Arabs make Alxamoru to be good, and Alxal~u to be evil; [and thus the latter is explained in one place, in this art., in the K;] and some of them make Alxmr to be evil, and Alxl~ to be good. (Har p. 153.) -A2- I. q. HamoDN [i. e. A kind of plants in which is saltness: or salt and bitter plants: or salt, or sour, plants or trees: &c.: opposed to xul~apN]. (K.) A poet says, layosato mina Alxal~i walaA AlximaATi [She is not, or they are not, of the plants or trees called xl~, nor of the kind called xmAT (pl. of xamoTN)]. (TA.) -A3- A road in sands: (S:) or a road passing through sands: or a road between two tracts of sand: (K:) or a road passing through heaped-up sands: (JK, K:) masc. and fem. [like TariyqN]: (S, K:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axol~N and [of mult.] xilaAlN. (K.) One says Hay~apu xal~K [A serpent of a road in sands, &c.]; like as one says A^afoEaY SariymapK. (S.) ― -b2- An oblong tract of sand. (Ham p. 709.) ― -b3- ― -b4- A vein in the neck (JK, K) and in the back, (K,) communicating with the head. (JK, TA.) ― -b5- A slit, or rent, in a garment, or piece of cloth. (K.) -A4- An old and worn-out garment, or piece of cloth, (JK, S, K, TA,) in which are streaks: (TA:) [or so vawobN xal~N:] and ↓ xaloxalN and ↓ xaloxalN, applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (JK, K,) signify old and worn out, (JK,) or thin, (K,) like halohalN and halohaAlN. (TA.) ― -b2- A bird having no feathers: (JK:) or having few feathers. (K.) ― -b3- A man (JK, S) lean, meagre, or emaciated; (JK, S, K;) as also ↓ xaliylN (K) [a meaning said in the TA to be tropical] and ↓ maxoluwlN and ↓ muxotal~N: (TA:) or light in body: (IDrd, TA:) and [the fem.] xal~apN, applied to a woman, light (K, TA) in body, lean, or spare: (TA:) the pl. of xal~N is xuluwlN. (JK.) Also Fat: thus bearing two contr. significations: (K:) and so ↓ maxoluwlN. (TA.) It is applied to a man and a camel. (TA.) Accord. to the K, it also signifies A [young camel such as is termed] faSiyl: (TA:) but it means such as is lean, or emaciated: (TA:) and so ↓ maxoluwlN, applied to a fSyl as an epithet, for a reason mentioned above, in an explanation of the phrase xal~a AlfaSiyla. (S, TA.) ― -b4- Also i. q. Aibonu maxaADK [i. e. A male camel in his second year]; (JK, K;) and so ↓ xal~apN; which is also applied to the female: (As, S, K:) and i. q. Aibonu labuwnK [i. e. a male camel in, or entering upon, his third year]; and in like manner ↓ xal~apN is applied to the female; (JK;) or, as in the M, to a she-camel; (TA;) and, as some say, (JK,) a large she-camel: (JK, TA:) and Aibonu ↓ Alxal~api signifies the same as Aibonu All~abuwni (T in art. bnY) or Aibonu maxaADK [or Abn AlmaxaADi]. (TA in that art.) You say, A^ataAhumo biquroSK kaA^an~ahu firosinu ↓ xal~apK, (S, TA,) or kaA^an~ahu xuf~u xal~apK, (JK,) [They brought them a round cake of bread as though it were the foot of a camel in its second, or third, year,] meaning small. (JK. [In the TA, meaning samiynap (i. e. fat); but this seems to be a mistranscription.]) -A5- A cautery. (TA.) : see xaliylN, in two places. : see xul~apN, in two places: ― -b2- and see xaliylN, in four places. A road between two roads. (TA.) ― -b2- A hole, perforation, or bore, that penetrates, or passes through, a thing, and is small: or, in a general sense: (K:) or a gap, or breach, in a booth of reeds or canes. (T, TA.) [See also xalalN.] ― -b3- [And hence,] The gap that is left by a person who has died: (As, T, S, TA:) or the place, of a man, that is left vacant after his death. (K.) One says, of him who has lost a person by death, Aall~`hum~a A@xolufo EalaY A^aholihi bixayorK waA@sodudo xal~atahu, i. e. [O God, supply to his family, with that which is good, the place of him whom they have lost,] and fill up the gap which he has left by his death. (As, T, S, * TA.) ― -b4- And The interval, or inter- vening space, between the piercer, or thruster, and the pierced, or thrust: whence the saying, raqaEa xal~apa AlfaArisi, explained in art. rqE. (O and K and TA in that art.) ― -b5- [Hence also,] Want, or a want: poverty; (S, Msb, K;) need, straitness, or difficulty. (Lh, K.) One says, bihi xal~apN $adiydapN He has pressing, or severe, need or straitness or difficulty. (Lh, TA.) And sad~a A@ll~`hu xal~atahu May God supply his want. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., Alxal~apu tadoEuw A_ilaY Als~al~api Want invites to theft. (K, * TA.) -A2- I. q. xaSolapN; (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) both signify A property, quality, nature, or disposition: and a habit, or custom: (KL, PS, TK:) [and app. also a practice, or an action:] in a man: (TA: [see the latter word:]) pl. xilaAlN. (JK, Mgh, Msb, K.) One says, fulaAnN xal~atuhu HasanapN [Such a one, his nature, or disposition, is good]. (IDrd, TA.) And hence, xayoru xilaAli AlS~aAy^imi Als~iwaAku [The best of the habits, or customs, of the faster is the use of the tooth-stick]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- See also xul~apN. -A3- An isolated tract of sand, (Fr, K,) separate from other sands. (Fr, TA.) ― -b2- And i. q. haDobapN [which signifies An elevated tract of sand: but more commonly a hill; or a spreading mountain; &c.]. (JK, TA.) -A4- Wine, (K,) in a general sense: (TA:) or acid, or sour, wine: (S, K:) or wine altered for the worse, (K, TA,) in flavour, (TA,) without acidity, or sourness: (K, TA:) pl. [or coll. gen. n.] ↓ xal~N. (K.) ― -b2- See also xal~N, first sentence. -A5- And see this last word near the end of the paragraph, in four places. an inf. n. [or rather quasi-inf. n.] of xaAl~ahu, q. v.: (JK:) True, or sincere, friendship, love, or affection; as also ↓ xuluwlapN and ↓ xulaAlapN and ↓ xalaAlapN and ↓ xilaAlapN: (S:) or all these signify a particular true or sincere friendship, or love, or affection, in which is no unsoundness, or defect, and which may be chaste and may be vitious: (K: [in which all are said to be substs., except xul~apN, as though this were properly speaking an inf. n., though having a pl., as shown below:]) [and sometimes simply friendship: see an ex. in a verse cited voce maroHabN, in art. rHb:] or xul~apN and ↓ xal~apN, (Msb,) or ↓ xil~N and ↓ xil~apN, each with kesr, (K,) signify true, or sincere, friendship, or love, or affection, (Msb, K,) and brotherly conduct: the last two as used in the phrases, A_inahu ↓ lakariymu Alxil~i and ↓ Alxil~api [Verily he is generous in respect of true, or sincere, friendship, &c.]: (K:) the pl. of xul~apN in the sense explained above is xilaAlN. (S, K.) ― -b2- See also xaliylN, in three places. -A2- A kind of plants or herbage [or trees]; (JK, S, Msb, K;) namely, the sweet kind thereof; (S, K;) not HamoD: (JK:) or any pasture, or herbage, that is not HamoD; all pasture, or herbage, consisting of HamoD and xul~ap, and HamoD being such as has in it saltness [or sourness]: (TA:) the [kind of plant, or tree, called] Earofaj; and every tree that remains in winter: (JK:) accord. to Lh, it is [applied to certain kinds] of trees &c.: accord. to IAar, peculiarly of trees: but accord. to A'Obeyd, [shrubs, i. e.] not including any great trees: (TA:) and a certain thorny tree: also a place of growth, and a place in which is a collection, of [the plants, or trees, called] Earofaj: (K:) and any land not containing [the kind of plants, or herbage, or trees, called] HamoD; (AHn, K;) even though containing no plants, or herbage: (AHn, TA:) the pl. is xulalN: (K:) one says A^aroDN xul~apN and A^araDuwna xulalN: ISh says that A^aroDN xal~apN and xulalu AlA^aroDi mean land, and lands, in which is no HamoD, sometimes containing [thorny trees such as are called] EiDaAh, and sometimes not containing such; and that xul~apN is also applied to land in which are no trees nor any herbage: (TA:) some say that xul~apN, as meaning the pasture, or herbage, which is the contrary of HamoD, has for a pl. xilaAlN, and then, from xilaAl is formed the pl. A^axil~apN: and some say that this last means herbage that is cut (waA@jotuz~ ↓ Auxotul~ [in which the latter verb seems to be an explicative adjunct to the former]) while green. (Ham p. 662, q. v.) They say that the xul~ap is the bread of camels, and the HamoD is their fruit, (JK, T, Sudot;, TA,) or their flesh-meat, (S, TA,) or their xabiyS. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, by way of comparison, it is applied to (tropical:) Ease, or repose; freedom from trouble or inconvenience, and toil or fatigue; or tranquillity; and ampleness of circumstances: and HamoD, to evil, and war: (T, TA:) and the former, to life: and the latter, to death. (Ham p. 315.) ― -b3- Also Acid, or sour, leaven or ferment. (IAar, TA.) : see 1, near the middle of the paragraph: -A2- and see also xulaAlpN, in four places: -A3- and xul~apN, first sentence, in two places: -A4- and xaliylN, in two places. -A5- Also The jafon [i. e. the scabbard, or the case,] of a sword, covered with leather: (K:) or a lining with which the jafon of a sword is covered, (S, K, and Ham pp. 330 et seq.,) variegated, or embellished, with gold &c.; (S;) but the pl. is also used as meaning scabbards: (Ham p. 331:) and a thong that is fixed upon the outer side of the curved extremity of a bow: (S, K:) in the T it is explained as meaning the inner side of the thong of the jafon, which is seen from without, and is an ornament, or a decoration: (TA:) and any piece of skin that is variegated, or embellished: (M, K:) the pl. is xilalN (S, K, and Ham p. 330) and xilaAlN, and pl. pl. A^axil~apN, (K,) i. e. pl. of xilaAlN. (TA.) An interstice, an interspace or intervening space, a break, a breach, a chink, or a gap, between two things; (JK, S, Msb, K;) pl. xilaAlN: (JK, S, Msb:) and particularly the places, (K,) or interstices, (S,) of the clouds, from which the rain issues; as also ↓ xilaAlN; (S, K;) both occurring in this sense, accord. to different readings, in the Kur xxiv. 43 and xxx. 47: (S, TA:) the latter may be [grammatically] a sing. [syn. with the former], or it may be pl. of the former: (MF, TA:) and Ald~aAri ↓ xilaAlu signifies what is around the limits of the house; (JK, K;) or around the walls thereof; thus in the M; (TA;) and what is between the chambers thereof. (K.) You say, daxalotu bayona xalali Alqawomi and ↓ xilaAlihimo [I entered amid the breaks, or interspaces, of the people]. (S, Msb.) And huwa xalalahumo and ↓ xilaAlahumo (M, K) and ↓ xalaAlahumo (K [but in the CK these words are with damm to the second l]) He is amid them. (M, K.) And buyuwti AlH~Y ↓ jusonaA xilaAla, and duwri Alqawomi ↓ xilaAla, i. e. [We went, or went to and fro, or went round about, &c.,] amid the tents of the tribe, and in the midst of the houses of the people; like a phrase in the Kur xvii. 5. (TA.) ― -b2- And [hence] Shakiness, looseness, laxness, or want of compactness, and disorder, or want of order, of a thing; (Msb;) unsoundness, or corruptness, (S, Msb, *) in an affair or a thing, (S,) or of a thing; (Msb;) [a flaw in a thing;] defect, imperfection, or deficiency; (Ham p. 300;) weakness, or infirmity, in an affair, (JK, K, TA,) as though some place thereof were left uncompact, or unsound, (TA,) and in war, (JK,) and in men: (JK, K: *) and (tropical:) unsettledness in an opinion. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- Alxalalu The night. (JK, Ibn- 'Abbád.) : see xulaAlapN, in two places. : see xulaAlapN, in three places. : see xulaAlapN, in two places. [Dates in the state in which they are termed] balaHN, (JK, T, S, K,) in the dial. of the people of El-Basrah; (T, TA;) i. e. green dates: (JK:) [but see balaHN and busorN:] n. un. with p. (JK, TA.) -A2- huwa xalaAlahumo: see xalalN. : see xulaAlapN. -A2- Also An accident that happens in anything sweet so as to change its flavour to acidity, or sourness. (K.) A thing with which one perforates, or transpierces, a thing, (JK, K,) either of iron or of wood: (JK:) pl. A^axil~apN. (K.) ― -b2- A wooden thing [or pin] (S, Msb,) with which one pins a garment, (T, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) conjoining its two edges: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. as above: (S, Msb:) which also signifies the small pieces of wood with which one pins together the edges of the oblong pieces of cloth of a tent. (TA.) ― -b3- [A skewer for flesh-meat.] ― -b4- A wooden pin which is inserted into the tongue of a young camel, in order that he may not such: (K:) or which is fixed above the nose of a young camel, for that purpose. (TA in art. lhj.) ― -b5- [A toothpick;] a thing (of wood, S, Msb) with which one extracts the remains of food between his teeth; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ xilaAlapN. (Har p. 101.) ― -b6- [A long thorn or prickle: such being often used as a pin and as a toothpick.] -A2- See also xulaAlapN. -A3- And see xalalN, in six places. Perforated, or transpierced; like ↓ maxoluwlN. (K.) ― -b2- See also xal~N, in the latter half of the paragraph. ― -b3- Poor; needy; in want; (JK, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ muxil~N, (so in some copies of the K and in the M,) or ↓ muxal~N, (so in other copies of the K,) and ↓ muxotal~N and ↓ A^axal~u (K:) and A^axil~apN may be a pl. of xaliylN in this sense. (Ham p. 662.) ― -b4- A friend; or a true, or sincere, friend; (S, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ xil~N, and ↓ xul~apN, which is used alike as masc. and fem., because originally an inf. n., [or a quasi-inf. n., i. e. of 3, q. v.,] (S,) or ↓ xil~apN, [thus in the copies of the K, but what precedes it, though not immediately, seems to show that the author perhaps meant xul~apN,] used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl.: (K:) or a special, or particular, friend or true or sincere friend; as also ↓ xil~N and ↓ xul~N; or this latter is only used in conjunction with wud~N, as when you say, kaAna liY wud~FA waxul~FA [He was to me an an object of love and a friend &c.]; (K;) or, as ISd says, ↓ xil~N is the more common, and is applied also to a female; (TA;) as is also ↓ xul~apN, (K,) and ↓ xil~apN: (TA:) xaliylN also signifies veracious; (K;) thus accord. to IAar: (TA:) or a friend in whose friendship is no xalal [i. e. unsoundness, or defect, or imperfection]: (Zj, TA:) or one who is pure and sound in friendship, or love: (IDrd, K:) the pl. is A^axil~aA='u (Msb, K) and xul~aAnN (JK, K) and A^axil~apN: (Ham p. 662, and MA:) the fem. is xaliylapN; (S, M, K;) of which the pl. is xaliylaAtN and xalaAy^ilu: (M, K:) the pl. of ↓ xil~N or ↓ xul~N is A^axolaAlN: (K:) and the pl. of ↓ xul~apN is xilaAlN, (S,) mentioned before, see 3, second sentence. It is applied in the Kur iv. 124 to Abraham; who is called xaliylu A@ll~`h, (TA,) and Alxaliylu. (K.) And it is said that the pl. A^axil~apN means also Pastors; because they act to their beasts like A^axil~aA=' [or friends, &c.], in labouring to do good to them. (Ham p. 662.) ― -b5- Also One who advises, or counsels, or acts, sincerely, honestly, or faithfully. (IAar, TA.) ― -b6- And Alxaliylu also signifies The heart. (IAar, JK, K.) ― -b7- And The liver. (JK, TA.) ― -b8- And The nose. (JK, K.) ― -b9- And The sword. (IAar, TA.) [And] A sword of Sa'eed Ibn-Zeyd Ibn-' Amr Ibn-Nufeyl. (K.) ― -b10- And The spear. (IAar, TA.) : see xul~apN, first sentence. i. q. kuraAbapN; (AHn, JK;) i. e. The scattered dates that remain at the roots of the branches [after the racemes of fruit have been cut off]; (AHn, TA;) the fresh ripe dates that are sought out in the interstices of the roots of the branches; as also ↓ xulaAlN. (K.) ― -b2- Also What comes forth from the teeth when they are picked; (JK, S, * Msb;) as also ↓ xilalN (JK, S) and ↓ xulalN (S) and ↓ xil~apN: (JK:) or ↓ xilalN and ↓ xilaAlN and xulaAlapN (K) and ↓ xil~apN (S) and ↓ xaAl~N (TA) signify the remains of food between the teeth; (S, K;) and the sing. [of xilalN] is ↓ xil~apN and [the n. un. of the same] ↓ xilalapN. (K, TA. [In the CK, for xilalapN is erroneously put xal~alahu.]) You say, fulaAnN yaA^okulu xulaAlatahu and ↓ xalalahu (JK, S) and ↓ xulalahu (S) and ↓ xil~atahu (JK) and ↓ xilalatahu (TA) Such a one eats what comes forth from his teeth when they are picked. (JK, S, * TA.) -A2- See also xul~apN, first sentence. : see xul~apN, first sentence: -A2- and see also xilaAlN. : see xul~apN, first sentence. A seller of vinegar. (K, * TA.) a rel. n. from xul~apN as meaning the “ sweet kind of plants or herbage.” (S.) You say baEiyrN xul~iY~N, (Yaakoob, S,) and A_ibilN xul~iy~apN (Yaakoob, S, K) and ↓ muxol~apN and ↓ muxotal~apN, (K,) meaning [A camel, and camels,] pasturing upon xul~ap. (K.) And hence the prov., fataHam~aDo ↓ A_in~aka muxotal~N (assumed tropical:) [meaning Verily thou art disordered in temper, therefore sooth thyself; or] shift from one state, or condition, to another: accord. to IDrd, said to him who is threatening: (TA. [See also 5 in art. HmD:]) [or it may mean verily thou art weary of life, therefore submit to death: see Ham p. 315.] And the saying of El- 'Ajjáj, falaAqawoA HamoDaA ↓ kaAnuw muxal~iyna [lit. They were pasturing upon xul~ap, and they found HamoD; meaning (assumed tropical:) they were seeking to do mischief, and found him who did them worse mischief]: applied to him who threatens, and finds one stronger than he. (TA. [See also HamoDN.]) : see xal~N, in the latter half of the paragraph: -A2- and see also xaloxaAlN. : see the next paragraph. : see xal~N, in the latter half of the paragraph. ― -b2- ramolN xaloxaAlN Rough sand. (TA.) -A2- Also, and ↓ HaloxalN, (JK, S, K,) which is a dial. var. of the former, or a contraction thereof, (S,) and ↓ xuloxulN, (JK, K,) A well-known ornament (K) of women; (S, K; *) i. e. an anklet: (KL:) [or a pair of anklets; for you say,] fiY saAqayohaA xaloxaAlN [Upon her legs is a pair of anklets]: (TA in art. Hjl:) pl. (of the first, S) xalaAxiylu (S, TA) and [of the second and third] xalaAxilu. (TA.) (K) and ↓ mutaxaloxilN (Mgh, K) [and ↓ muxotal~N all signify Having interstices, breaks, chinks, or the like:] uncompact, or incoherent: (Mgh, K:) the first and second applied in this sense to an army. (K.) ― -b2- For the first, see also xaAlN, in art. xyl. -A2- And see xulaAlapN. More, and most, poor, or needy: (K, TA:) from A^axal~a A_ilayohi signifying “ he wanted it, ” or “ needed it. ” (TA.) Hence the phrase A^axal~u A_ilayohi [meaning More, or most, in need of him, or it]. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xaliylN. : see xaliylN. : see xaliylN: -A2- and see also xul~iY~N, in two places: ― -b2- and what here follows. , or ↓ muxil~apN, (accord. to different copies of the S,) A land abounding with xul~ap, not containing any HamoD. (S.) : see xaliylN, first sentence: -A2- and see also xal~N, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places. The part, of the leg, which is the place of the xaloxaAl [or anklet]; (JK, K;) i. e., of the leg of a woman. (TA.) : see xaAl~N: ― -b2- and see xal~N, in the latter half of the paragraph: ― -b3- and xaliylN. ― -b4- Also Vehemently thirsty. (ISd, K.) ― -b5- A^amorN muxotal~N An affair in a weak, or an unsound, state. (K.) -A2- See also xul~iY~N, in two places. : see xaAl~N. xlA^ , (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xalo'N, (S, K,) in an expos. of the Mo'allakát written xilo'N, (TA,) and xilaA='N, (S, K,) with kesr and medd, (S,) so accord. to IKoot and IKtt and 'Iyád and IAth and Z and Hr, but in some copies of the K xalaA='N, and so many assert it to be, (TA,) and xuluwo'N, (K,) said of a she-camel, (S, K,) She lay down, or kneeled and lay down, upon her breast: (Lh, K:) or she was, or became, refractory, or stopped and was refractory, (S, K,) and lay down, or kneeled and lay down, upon her breast, without disease or other like cause, (S,) and would not move from her place: (Lh, K:) like A^alaH~a said of a he-camel, and Harana said of a horse: (S:) the epithet applied to her that does thus is ↓ xaAliy^N, (Lh, K,) without p; (Lh;) and [app. to her that does so much, or often,] ↓ xaluwo'N. (K.) And in like manner xalaA^a is said of a he-camel; (K;) accord. to ISh, only of a he-camel: (TA:) or the verb is used only in speaking of a female [when relating to a camel]: (K:) one should not say of a he-camel xalaA^a: (Az, S, Z, Sgh:) but it is also said of a man, (K,) tropically, (TA,) inf. n. xuluwo'N, meaning (tropical:) He moved not from his place. (K, TA.) ― -b2- [See also what next follows.] [in the CK xalaA^a] The people, or party, or company of men, left one thing, and betook themselves to another. (Th, K, TA.) [xaAlaY (see 3 in art. xlw) has a similar meaning.] : see 1. : see 1. xlb , (A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (A, Msb,) or , (Mgh,) or and , (Mgh, K,) inf. n. xalobN, (Lth, Mgh, TA,) He wounded him, or scratched him, or cut him, with his nail; (A, K;) as also ↓ Astxlbhu: (K:) he (a beast or bird of prey, TA) seized him, i. e. the prey, with his claw or talon: (K:) or he (a beast of prey) rent his skin with his dog-tooth: (TA:) or he rent it (the skin) with his dog-tooth: (Lth, Mgh, TA:) or he (a bird) cut and rent it (i. e. the skin) bimixolabihi with his talon: (Msb:) he rent it, or slit it. (K.) One says of a woman, qalabato qalobiY wa xalabato ↓ xilotiY [She smote, or overturned, my heart, and rent my midriff, or, more probably, liver, which is regarded as a seat of passion]. (A, TA.) And xalabato fulaAnFA She (a woman) smote the ↓ xilob [app. here, also, meaning liver] of such a one. (Ham p. 343.) ― -b2- Also It (a venomous or noxious reptile or the like, TA) bit him. (K.) ― -b3- And xalaba Aln~abaAta, aor. , inf. n. xalobN, He cut the plants, or herbage; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ Astxlbhu. (S.) ― -b4- And xalaba biAlmixolabi He worked, and cut, with the reaping-hook. (TA.) ― -b5- The root denotes the making a thing to incline: for AlT~aAy^iru yaxoluibu bimixolabihi Al$~aYo'a A_ilaY nafosihi [The bird makes to incline, with its talon, the thing towards himself]. (IF, Mgh.) ― -b6- [Hence,] xalaba fulaAnFA Eaqolahu, aor. and , He despoiled, or deprived, such a one of his reason: (K:) or xalaba AlmaroA^apa EaqolahaA, inf. n. xalobN, he despoiled, or deprived, the woman of her reason: and xalabato Eaqolahu, inf. n. as above, she took away his reason; as also ↓ Axtlbthu. (L.) ― -b7- And [hence,] ↓ xilaAbapN signifies The endeavouring to deceive or beguile (IF, IAth, Mgh) with blandishing speech: (IAth:) or deceiving with the tongue: (S:) or a woman's captivating the heart of a man by the most blandishing and deceiving speech. (Lth.) You say, xalabahu, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or and (Mgh,) inf. n. xalobN (Msb, * K) and xilaAbapN, (A, K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and xilaAbN; (K;) and ↓ Axtlbhu; (S, A, K;) and ↓ xAlbhu; (K;) He deceived him (S, Msb, K) with his tongue: (S:) or he despoiled, or deprived, him of his reason, bimanoTiqihi [by his speech]: (A:) or, followed by bimanoTiqihi, he made his heart to incline [to him] by the most blandishing speech. (Mgh.) It is said in a prov., A_i*aA lamo tagolibo faA@xolubo, (S, TA,) or faA@xolibo; accord. to the former reading, which is that of As, (TA,) When thou dost not overcome, use deceit: (S, IAth, TA:) accord. to the latter reading, [it is said to mean when thou dost not overcome,] grasp little after little; as though it were taken from mixolabN signifying “ a claw ” or “ talon. ” (TA.) see 1. see 1, in two places. see 1, in two places. Astxlb also signifies He cut, (S, TA,) with the reaping-hook, (TA in art. xbr,) and craunched (xaDada, TA) and ate, plants, or herbage. (S, TA.) i. q. ZufurN, (K,) used in a general sense [as meaning The nail of a man, and the talon of a bird, and the claw of a beast: see also mixolabN]: pl. A^axolaAbN only. (TA.) ― -b2- The diaphragm, or midriff; syn. HijaAbu Alqalobi; (JK, L;) or HijaAbu Alkabidi; (A, K;) the partition intervening between the heart and the liver; (IAar, S;) the partition between the heart and the belly; (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán; ”) or a small and thin piece of flesh forming a connection between the ribs [app. of one side and those of the other]: or the liver [itself]: (K:) or its ziyaAdap [or zaAy^idap]: (A, K:) or a white thin thing adhering to the liver: (K:) or a certain thing in, or upon, the liver, like a gud~ap: (JK:) or a small bone, resembling a man's nail, adhering to one side of the midriff, next the liver. (TA.) See 1, in two places. ― -b3- A friend; [app. because he cleaves to another;] as also xilomN. (JK.) ― -b4- [And hence, app.,] xilobu nisaA='K, (S, A, K,) a phrase like Hidovu nisaA='K and ziyru nisaA='K, (TA,) A man whom women love: (S:) or one who loves women for the sake of discourse, or for the sake of vitious or immoral conduct, or adultery, or fornication, (A, K,) and whom they love (K) in like manner: (TA:) and one who endeavours to deceive, or beguile, women [with blandishing speech: see 1]: (TA:) pl. A^axolaAbu nisaA='K and nisaA='K ↓ xulabaA='u: (K, TA:) the latter [in the CK xilobA'u] extr. [with respect to rule]. (TA.) -A2- I. q. wa$oYN [app. as meaning A kind of variegated, or figured, cloth or garment]. (TA.) [See also muxal~abN.] -A3- The radish. (K, TA.) In a copy of the K, AlfaHolu is erroneously put for Alfijolu. (TA.) ― -b2- The leaves, (K,) or broad leaves, (Lth,) of the grape-vine. (Lth, K.) : see xaAlibN. : see xaAlibN. : see xilobN. : see xaAlibN. : see xaAlibN, for each in two places. : see xaAlibN, for each in two places. : see 1. [And see also xil~iybaY.] (assumed tropical:) Clouds (saHaAbN, S, K, TA) that thunder and lighten, (TA,) containing no rain: (S, K, TA:) or whereof the lightning flashes slightly, so that one hopes for their raining, but which deceive the expectation, and become dispersed: as though derived from xilaAbapN, the “ deceiving with blandishing speech. ” (IAth.) And Albaroqu Alxul~abi and baroqu xul~abK (S, K) and baroqu Alxul~abi (K) and baroqN xul~abN (A) (tropical:) Lightning with which is no rain; (S, A;) as though deceiving: (S:) that excites hope [of rain] and breaks its promise. (K.) Hence the saying, to him who promises and does not fulfil his promise, A_in~amaA A^anota kabaroqK xul~abK (assumed tropical:) [Thou art only like lightning with which is no rain] (S.). And fulaAnN xul~abN qul~abN (assumed tropical:) Such a one is sharp in intellect, clever, ingenious, skilful, knowing, or intelligent. (JK.) and xal~aAbapN: see xaAlibN. Deceit, or guile. (K.) [See also xalaAbapN, in the first paragraph.] , applied to a man, Deceiving: (K:) and in like manner, [but in an intensive sense,] ↓ xal~aAbN (ISk, S, K) and ↓ xaluwbN (Kr, Msb, TA) and ↓ xalabuwtN (ISk, S, K) and ↓ xalabuwbN (K) Very deceitful (ISk, S, Kr, Msb, K, * TA) and lying: (ISk, S:) and so, applied to a woman, ↓ xal~aAbapN and ↓ xaluwbN (A, K) and ↓ xalibapN (S, K) and ↓ xalabuwtN (K) and ↓ xalobaA='u (TA) very deceitful: (S, A, * K, * TA:) xalabapN is a pl. [of xaAlibN], and means men who deceive women. (S.) You say also AimoraA^apN xaAlibapN lilofuw^aAdi [meaning A woman who captivates the heart by the most blandishing and deceitful speech]. (TA.) [More, and most, deceiving or deceitful]. You say of a woman, taxolubu qaloba Alr~ajuli biA^aloTafi Alqawoli wa A^axolabihi [She captivates the heart of the man by the most blandishing and deceiving speech]. (Lth.) [The talon, or claw, of a bird or beast of prey; a tearing talon or claw;] the same to the bird (S, Mgh, Msb) and to the beast of prey (S, Msb) as the Zufur to man; (S, Mgh, Msb;) because the bird [or beast] cuts and rends with it the skin: (Msb:) the Zufur [or nail] (A, K) of any beast or bird of prey: or it is of a bird of prey; and the Zfr is of a bird that does not prey: (K:) pl. maxaAlibu. (A.) [See also xilobN.] You say, A^ano$aba fiyhi maxaAlibahu, meaning (tropical:) He clung, or caught, to him, or it. (A.) ― -b2- Also A minojal [or reaping-hook] (S, Msb, K) in a general sense: or (TA) that has no teeth. (S, Msb, TA.) An eagle with sharp talons. (JK.) , applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, TA,) means kaviyru Alwa$oYi, (S, K, TA,) i. e. [Much variegated or figured; or] of many colours. (TA.) [See also xilobN.] xlj , (S, A, L, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, K,) or , (Msb,) inf. n. xalojN; and ↓ Axtlj; (S, L, Msb, TA;) and ↓ txl~j; (L, TA;) He drew, dragged, pulled, strained, stretched, extended, lengthened, or protracted, (S, L, K,) a thing: (S, * L, TA:) and he pulled out or up, displaced, removed, or took away, (S, A, Msb, K,) a thing, (S, * A, Msb, TA,) and a person. (A.) Thus in the saying, A^axa*a biyadihi faxalajahu bayoni SaHobihi [He took his hand, and pulled him out from amid his companions]: and xalaja rumoHahu mina AlmaToEuwni [He pulled out his spear from the person pierced]: and rumoHFA marokuwzFA ↓ Axtlj [He pulled out a spear stuck in the ground]. (A, TA.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce maTorabN.] El-'Ajjáj says, faA_ino yakuno h`*aA Alz~amaAnu xalajaA faqado labisonaA Eayo$ahu AlmuxarofajaA meaning (assumed tropical:) And if this time has taken away, and exchanged for another, a state [in which we were, we have long enjoyed its plentiful life]. (S.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xulija, said of a stallion-camel, He was taken away from the females that had passed seven or eight months since the period when they last brought forth, before he had become too languid to cover any longer. (Lth, A, L.) And xalaja, aor. , (assumed tropical:) He weaned his offspring, or the offspring of his she-camel: (K:) (tropical:) he separated a young camel from the mother. (A.) And xalajato waladahaA (tropical:) She (a mother) weaned her offspring: (M, A:) so accord. to Lh, who does not particularize any kind [of animal]. (M.) And xalaja naAqapF (assumed tropical:) He weaned the offspring of a she-camel. (S.) And mino bayonihimo ↓ Auxotulija (tropical:) [He was taken away from among them]: said of the dead. (A, TA.) ― -b3- xalajaniY ka*aA, (S, K, *) aor. , (K,) (assumed tropical:) Such a thing occupied me; busied me; or diverted me, by employing my attention, from other things. (S, K, * TA.) You say, xalajatohu A^umuwru Ald~unoyaA (assumed tropical:) [The affairs of the world occupied him, &c.]. (S, TA.) And ↓ xalajatohu AlxawaAliju (assumed tropical:) Busying [or distracting] affairs busied [or distracted] him. (Lth.) And a poet says, wa A^abiytu taxolijuniY Alhumuwmu kaA^an~aniY dalowu Als~uqaApi tumad~u biAlA^a$oTaAni [And I pass the night,] anxieties busying me [as though I were the bucket of the waterers, drawn from the well by the ropes]. (IAar.) ― -b4- taxoliju Als~ayora, said of a fleet she-camel, (L, K,) (assumed tropical:) She goes, journeys, or travels, quickly. (L.) And xalaja fiY mi$oyatihi: see 5. ― -b5- xalaja, aor. , also signifies (assumed tropical:) He put (a thing, TA) in motion, or into a state of commotion. (A, K, TA.) You say, xalaja HaAjibayohi, and Eayonayohi, (tropical:) He put in motion, or into a state of commotion, his eyebrows, and his eyes. (A.) ― -b6- And xalaja, aor. (L, K) and , inf. n. xalojN, (L, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He made a sign [by a motion] (L, K, TA) biEayonihi with his eye, and biHaAjibayohi with his eyebrows. (L, TA.) And xalajahu biHaAjibihi, aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He made a sign to him with his eyebrow. (L.) And xalajahu biEayonihi (assumed tropical:) He made a sign to him with his eye; winked to him. (S, L.) And xalajatoniY biEayonihaA (tropical:) She made a sign to me with her eye, or winked to me, to indicate a time or place of appointment, or something that she desired. (A, TA.) ― -b7- See also 8, in two places. , (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. muxaAlajapN, (Mgh,) He contended with him, (A, Mgh, * Msb, TA,) [as though drawing, or pulling, him, (see 6,)] namely, a man. (TA.) You say, xAljhu Al$~aYo'a He contended with him for the thing. (A.) And xaAlajaniY AlqiraA='apa (assumed tropical:) He vied with me in reciting the words of prayer, (Mgh, * TA,) uttering aloud what I uttered aloud, so that he took from my tongue what I was reciting, and I did not [or could not] continue to do so. (TA, from a trad.) And xAlj qalobiY A^amorN (tropical:) A thing, or an affair, troubled my heart with contending thoughts. (K, TA.) And maA yuxaAlijuniY fiY *`lika AlA^amori $ak~N (tropical:) [Doubt does not contend with me respecting that affair], meaning I doubt not respecting that affair. (Sh, TA.) (assumed tropical:) [He drew up his eyebrows from his eyes]. (Lth.) -A2- Axlj is also quasi-pass. of xalaja, though this is extr. with respect to analogy, like Ab$r [q. v.] &c.; (TA;) signifying It was, or became, drawn, dragged, pulled, &c. (L, TA.) : see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- [Hence,] txl~j fiY mi$oyatihi He (a paralytic, S, K, or an insane, or a possessed, man, A) walked in a loose manner, as though disjointed, and inclined from side to side, (S, A, K, TA,) as one dragging a thing: (A, TA:) it is similar to txl~E: (TA:) and signifies also he (an insane, or a possessed, man) inclined from side to side in his gait, (Mgh, * TA,) as though he were drawing along, now to the right and now to the left; and so fY ↓ xalaja m$yth, aor. , inf. n. xalajaAnN. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 8, in two places. ― -b4- And see 6. -A2- [It branched off, like a xaliyj, from a large river: occurring in this sense in art. djl of the T and TA; where dujayol is described as nahorN SagiyrN yataxal~aju mino dijolapa.] (tropical:) Anxieties contended with him, one on one side and another on another side, as though each were drawing him to it. (A, L.) And txAlj fiY SadoriY $aYo'N (S, A, K) and ↓ Axtlj (TA) (tropical:) A thing was, or became, unsettled in my bosom, or mind; (TA;) meaning I was in doubt [respecting a thing]; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ txl~j and tHl~j, (Lth, * As, TA in art. Hlj,) or these two mean nearly the same. (Sh, TA in that art; in which see 5, in three places.) [See also 8.] , as a trans. v.: see 1, in three places. -A2- Also (tropical:) It (a thing) was, or became, in a state of commotion, or agitation; it quivered, quaked, or throbbed; (Sh, TA;) and so ↓ txl~j (Sh, K) [and ↓ xalaja, as will be seen from what follows]. You say Axtlj HaAjibaAhu (assumed tropical:) His eyebrows quivered, or were in a state of commotion. (Lth.) And Axtljt Eayonuhu; (S, K;) and ↓ txl~jt; (TA;) and ↓ xalajato, aor. and , inf. n. xuluwjN (S, K) and xalajaAnN; (Sh;) (assumed tropical:) His eye quivered, throbbed, or was in a state of commotion; (Sh, L;) i. q. TaArato, (S, K,) i. e., throbbed. (PS, TK.) And Axtlj AlEuDowu (assumed tropical:) The member (i. e. any member, L) quivered, &c. (Mgh, L, Msb.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) He trembled, quivered, or quaked. (TA.) And Axtlj biwajohihi (assumed tropical:) He moved about his lips and his chin, mocking and imitating a person talking. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b3- Axtlj fiY SadoriY ham~N (tropical:) [Anxious thought fluttered in my bosom]. (TA.) See also 6. : see xaluwjN. (assumed tropical:) Persons trembling in the bodies. (K.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Persons tired, or fatigued. (IAar.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A people whose lineage, or origin, is doubted, (T, K,) so that different persons dispute, one with another, respecting it. (T.) See also muxotalajN. : see art. xlnj. Clouds (saHaAb) separated, or scattered, (K, TA,) as though drawn away from the mass; of the dial. of Hudheyl: (TA:) or clouds, (sHAb, K,) and a cloud, (saHaAbap, TA,) abounding with water, (K, TA,) and lightening vehemently. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (assumed tropical:) A she-camel abounding with milk, and yearning towards her young one. (T, TA.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) A she-camel, (S, K,) or other female, (TA,) whose young one has been taken from her (S, K) by slaughter or death, and that yearns towards it. (TA,) and whose milk in consequence has become little in quantity. (S, K.) Accord. to some, (L,) (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that goes, journeys, or travels, quickly, by reason of her [natural, not forced,] fleetness. (L, K. *) Pl. ↓ xilojN [or, rather, this is a quasi-pl. n., like as libonN is of labuwnN,] and xilaAjN. (L.) A canal, or cut, from a large river; syn. $aromN mino baHorK: (S, A, K:) what is cut off from the main mass of water; so called because it is drawn from it: (ISd, TA:) a river cut off from a larger river, extending to a place where use is made of it: a river on one side of a larger river: (TA:) and [simply] a river: (S, A, K:) and xaliyjaA nahorK is said to signify the two sides of a river: (S:) or the two wings thereof: and some explain the sing. (xlyj) as meaning a branch from a valley, conveying its water to another place: (TA:) pl. xulojaAnN (A, TA) and xulujN. (TA.) [act. part. n. of 1]. ― -b2- It is said in a trad. of 'Alee, respecting life (AlHayaAp), A_in~a A@ll~`ha jaEala Almawota xaAlijFA liA^a$oTaAnihaA, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily God has made death to be quick in seizing its cords; i. e. the cords of life. (L.) ― -b3- [Hence,] AlxaAliju is applied to (assumed tropical:) Death; because it draws away mankind. (TA.) [ (assumed tropical:) A busying, or distracting, affair: pl. xawaAliju. Hence,] xalajatohu AlxawaAliju: see 1. (assumed tropical:) Fat, so that his flesh quivers. (TA.) (tropical:) A man whose name has been transferred from the register of his own people to that of another people, to whom his lineage, or origin, is consequently ascribed, (A, TA,) and respecting whose lineage, or origin, people differ and dispute: (TA:) accord. to some, i. q. ↓ xulujN as meaning a people whose reputed origin is transferred so as to be ascribed to another people: and the former signifies also a man whose lineage, or origin, is disputed; as though he were drawn, and pulled away, from his people. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) One whose flesh and strength are taken away. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A face (Lth, ISd, K) lean, (Lth, ISd,) having little flesh. (K.) xld , aor. , inf. n. xuluwdN (S, A, L, Msb, K) and xulodN, (S, * A, L, K, * [but the latter is not said to be an inf. n. in the first nor in the last of these lexicons, and is perhaps a simple subst.,]) He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode; syn. A^aqaAma: (L, Msb, K:) or he remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, long; syn. A^aTaAla AlA_iqaAmapa: (A:) bimakaAnK (S, A, Msb, K) and A_ilaY makaAnK (K) [in a place]; as also ↓ Axld (S, A, L, Msb, K) and ↓ xl~d: (K:) and he remained, or continued, incessantly, always, endlessly, or for ever; (S, A, L, K; *) syn. baqiYa, (A, L, K,) and daAma, (K,) or daAma baqaAw^uhu; (S, L;) fiY daArK in a house, or an abode, not going forth from it: (L:) he remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, for ever, or perpetually, in Paradise, (A, L,) or in Hell. (A.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xalada, (L, K,) aor. and , (Ham p. 70, and L,) inf. n. xalodN, (K,) or xaladN, (thus in the L,) and xuluwdN; (L, K;) and ↓ Axld; (Ham ubi suprà;) (tropical:) He was slow in becoming hoary, (Ham, L, K,) when advanced in years; (K;) as though he were created to continue for ever. (L.) ― -b3- See also 4, in two places. , as a trans. v.: see 4. -A2- Also He adorned a girl [with bracelets, or other ornaments (see the pass. part. n.), or] with earrings. (AA.) -A3- As an intrans. v.: see 1: ― -b2- and see also 4. , (S, A, L,) inf. n. A_ixolaAdN; (S, L;) and ↓ xl~dhu, (S, A, L,) inf. n. taxoliydN; (S, L;) He (God, S, L) caused him to remain, stay, dwell, or abide: (L:) or caused him to remain, stay, dwell, or abide, long, in a place: (A:) or caused him to remain, or continue, incessantly, always, endlessly, or for ever, (S, L,) in a house, or an abode, not going forth from it: (L:) or caused him to remain, stay, dwell, or abide, for ever, or perpetually, in Paradise, (A, L,) or in Hell. (A.) yaHosiabu A^an~a maAlahu A^axoladahu, in the Kur civ. 3, means He thinketh that his wealth hath made him to be one that shall continue for ever; that he shall not die: (Jel:) i. e. he acteth as one that thinketh, with his opulence, he shall not die. (L.) -A2- As an intrans. v.: see 1, in two places. ― -b2- You say also, Axld bihi, (inf. n. as above, AA,) He kept, or clave, to him; (AA, AZ, S, K;) i. e., to his companion. (AZ, S, K.) ― -b3- And Axld A_ilayohi (tropical:) He inclined, or propended, to him, (L, K, TA,) and liked him: (L, TA:) he inclined to, and relied upon, (S, A, Msb,) him, (S, A,) or it; (Msb;) as also ↓ xalada. (Msb.) Axld A_ilaY AlA^aroDi, in the Kur [vii. 175], (Ks, S, A, L,) as also ↓ xalada, and ↓ xl~d, but this last is rare, (Ks, L,) and so is the second, (L,) means (tropical:) He inclined to, and relied upon, the earth: (S, A:) or he inclined, or propended, to the world; (Bd, Jel;) and relied thereon: (Jel:) or he inclined, or propended, to lowness, baseness, or meanness. (Bd.) : see the next paragraph. an inf. n. of xalada, (A, L,) [or a simple subst.] syn. with [the inf. n.] xuluwdN. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Alxulodu, (T, K,) or daAru Alxulodi, (L,) [the latter signifying The abode of the state of perpetual existence;] Paradise: (K:) or the Paradises: (T:) or the world to come. (L.) -A2- A bracelet: and an earring; as also ↓ xaladapN: pl. xiladapN: (K:) which last signifies [also] ornaments for the person, collectively; (TA;) and so ↓ xulodapN [if this be not a mistranscription for xiladapN]. (L.) -A3- [The mole;] the blind rat; (L, K;) as also ↓ xalodN, (K,) and julo*N [q. v.]: (K in art. jl*:) or a species of rat; as also ↓ xilodN: (L:) or one of the names of the faA^or [or rat]: (IAar:) or a species of the [kind of rats called] jiro*aAn, blind (Lth, S, L, Msb) by nature, (Lth, L, Msb,) having no eyes, (Lth, L,) inhabiting the deserts: (Msb:) Lth says that the sing. is ↓ xilodN, and the pl. xilodaAnN: in the T it is said that the sing. is ↓ xilodapN, and the pl. xilodaAnN; which is very strange: (L:) or a blind beast [that lives] beneath the ground. (K,) having no eyes, (TA,) that likes the smell of onions and leeks; so that if either of these be put over its hole, it comes forth and is caught: if its upper lip be hung upon a person affected with a quartan fever, it cures him; and its brain, mixed, or moistened, with oil of roses, and used as an ointment, dispels the maladies termed AlbaraS and Albahaq and AlqawaAbiY and Aljarab and Alkalaf and AlxanaAziyr, and every eruption upon the body: (K:) manaAji*u, (L, K,) or, as in some copies of the K, manaAjidu, with the unpointed d, (TA,) is used as its pl, like as maxaADN is used as pl. of xalifapN. (L, K.) ― -b2- Also A species of the qub~arap [or lark]. (K.) : see xulodN, in two places. The mind: (S, A, K:) the heart: (S, K:) pl. A^axolaAdN. (TA.) You say, waqaEa *`lika fiY xaladiY That came into my mind, or heart. (S.) : see xulodN. : see xulodN. : see xulodN. [Remaining, staying, &c.]. ― -b2- [Hence,] AlxawaAlidu [as though pl. of AlxaAlidapu] (assumed tropical:) The three pieces, or portions, of stone, or rock, called AlA^avaAfiY, upon which the cooking-pot is placed, (S, A, L, K,) remaining in their places: (L:) so called because of their remaining (S, L) a long time (L) after the standing relies of a house have become effaced. (S, L.) [See an ex., from a poem of ElMukhabbal Es-Saadee, voce A_il~aA, p. 78; where xwAld is with tenween for the sake of the metre.] ― -b3- Also (tropical:) The mountains: and the stones: (L. K:) and the rocks: so called for the same reason. (L.) -A2- [As a proper name, xaAlidN is often written x`lidN.] : see the next paragraph, in two places. (tropical:) Slow in becoming hoary; (A;) as also ↓ muxoladN and ↓ muxal~adN: (Har p. 588:) whose teeth do not fall out (T, A) by reason of extreme old age: (T:) or, as some say, it is ↓ muxoladN; as though [meaning] made by God to continue for ever in such a state: (A:) a man who is not hoary when advanced in age: (ISk, S:) whose hair of his head and beard remains black in old age. (T.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) Still; motionless. (TA in art. xmd.) : see the paragraph next receding. ― -b2- muxal~aduwna in the Kur [lvi. 17 and lxxvi. 19] means Always of the same age; never altering in age: (Fr:) or [endowed with perpetual vigour;] that never become decrepit: (K:) or that never exceed the fit age for service: (L, K:) -A2- or it means adorned with earrings: (L, K:) or, with bracelets; (AO, L, K;) accord. to the dial. of El-Yemen: (L:) or, with ornaments. (Zj.) xls , (S, A, Msb,) aor. , (Msb, MS,) inf. n. xalosN (Mgh, Msb, K) and xil~iysaY; (K;) and ↓ Axtlshu; (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ txl~shu; (S, TA;) He seized it, or carried it off, by force; (S, A, K;) mino yadihi from his hand: (A:) he took it at an opportunity, with deceit, guile, or circumvention: (TA:) or he took it hastily and openly: (Mgh:) or he snatched it at unawares; seized it hastily when its owner was unaware: (Msb:) or ↓ AixotilaAsN denotes a quicker action than xalosN. (Lth, K.) You say also, xalasahu A_iy~aAhu [He seized it, or carried it off, from him by force; &c.]: (TA:) and Al$~aYo'a ↓ xaAlasotuhu I seized the thing, or snatched it away, from him. (Har p. 139.) And A^axa*ahu xil~iysaY, i. e. ↓ AixotilaAsFA [He took it by forcible seizure; &c.]. (TA.) xalosN is also in fighting and prostrating: and you say, TaEonapF ↓ Axtls [He seized an opportunity to inflict a thrust, or wound, with a spear or the like]. (TA.) And baSaruhu ↓ Auxotulisa (assumed tropical:) His sight was suddenly taken away. (A * and TA in art. mls.) , (A, TA, *) inf. n. muxaAlasapN and xilaAsN, (TA,) [He contended with him in a mutual endeavouring to seize, or carry off, the thing by force; or to take it at an opportunity, with deceit, guile, or circumvention; or to take it hastily and openly; or to snatch it at unawares: see 1 and 6.] A poet says, [app. using the verb tropically,] naZarotu A_ilaYmaY~K xilaAsFA Ea$iy~apF EalaY EajalK wa A@lokaA$iHuwna HuDuwru [I looked at Mei, vying with her in snatching glances, in the evening, in haste, while the secret enemies were present]. (Th, TA.) ― -b2- See also 1. It (the hair, A, TA, and the head, [meaning the hair of the head,] AZ, S, TA) became a mixture of black and white, (S, A, TA,) in equal proportions: or more black than white: (TA:) [or mostly white: (see xaliysN:)] or partly white. (AZ.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) It (herbage) became a mixture of fresh and dry: (S, K, TA:) or partly green and partly white, in drying up. (Az, TA.) (assumed tropical:) It (HaliY~ [q. v.]) put forth fresh verdure. (IAar, TA.) And Axlst AlA^aroDu (assumed tropical:) The land put forth somewhat of herbage. (TA.) see 1. [They both contended together, each endeavouring to seize, or carry off, the thing by force; or to take it an opportunity, with deceit, guile, or circumvention; or to take it hastily and openly; or to snatch it at unawares: see 1 and 3]: (A:) the inf. n., taxaAlusN, signifies i. q. tasaAlubN. (S, K.) ― -b2- txAls AlqironaAni, and txAlsA nafosayohimaA, The two opponents sought to seize each other by force; &c. (T, TA.) see 1, in five places. ― -b2- [Axtls also signifies (assumed tropical:) He slurred a vowel; i. e., pronounced it slightly: and he suppressed it altogether.] : see xaliysN. : see xaliysN. inf. n. of un. of xalasahu [A single act of seizing, or carrying off, by force; &c.]. (Msb.) -A2- It also occurs in a trad., where, if correctly related, it is syn. with xalosapN. (Mgh.) a subst. from xalasahu: (S, K:) [which may perhaps mean that it has the abstract sense of the inf. n.: and] A thing that is [seized, or carried off, by force; or taken at an opportunity, with deceit, guile, or circumvention; or ] taken hastily and openly; (Mgh;) or snatched at unawares: (Msb:) or spoil; plunder; booty; a thing taken by spoliation and force; as also ↓ xaliysapN; which last also signifies an animal that is snatched from a beast or bird of prey and dies before it has been legally slaughtered; in consequence of which it is forbidden [to be eaten]. (TA.) Hence, laA qaToEa fiY Alxulosapi [There shall be no amputation (of the right hand) in the case of a thing seized, or carried off, by force; &c.]. (Mgh, Msb.) [See also an ex. voce Hu*ay~aA, in art. H*Y.] ― -b2- An opportunity. (S, * A, TA.) You say, h`*ihi xulosapN faA@notahizohaA This is an opportunity, therefore do thou take it, or seize it. (A, TA.) -A2- A mixture of whiteness with blackness in the hair, (S, Ham p. 387, TA,) in equal proportions: or of more blackness than whiteness: (TA:) [or a predominance of whiteness: see xaliysN.] ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) A mixture of fresh and dry portions [or green and white (see 4)] in herbage. (S, K, TA.) : see the next paragraph. [an epithet having the sense of the pass. part. n. of xalasahu; i.e., Seized, or carried off, by force; &c.]. [Hence,] TaEonapN xaliysN A thrust, or wound, with a spear or the like, which one has seized an opportunity to inflict, by means of his skill. (TA.) -A2- A courageous man; as also ↓ muxaAlisN and ↓ xal~aAsN. (TA.) -A3- Also, and ↓ muxolisN, Hair having whiteness mixed with its blackness, (A, TA,) in equal proportions: or with more blackness than whiteness: (TA:) or mostly white: (Mgh:) or partly white. (AZ, TA.) And the former, Having a mixture of whiteness with the blackness of his hair. (S, K,) ― -b2- [Hence,] the former also signifies (tropical:) Herbage drying up, or dried up, (S, K, TA,) part yellow and part green; as also ↓ muxolisN: (TA:) or both signify having its dry and green portions intermixed: (A:) and the former signifies dry herbage, upon the lower part of which fresh has grown and mixed with the former; as also ↓ xalosN (K.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) White (A^aHomaru [q. v.]) whose whiteness is mixed with blackness: and so, applied to women, ↓ xulosN, (syn. sumorN, TA,) of which the sing. may be ↓ xalosaA='u; or xaliysN; or ↓ xilaAsy~apN, supposing the two augments (yp TA) to be elided. (K.) ― -b4- Also (assumed tropical:) i. q. xaliyTN [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b5- And (assumed tropical:) The young one of a she-camel begotten by a stallion not prepared for her. (Sgh, TA.) : see xulosapN. (tropical:) A boy whose mother is black, and his father a white, or tawny, Arab, and who is born of a colour between those of his two parents; fem. with p: (Az, TA:) or (tropical:) a child whose parents are (one) white and (the other) black, (A, K, TA,) a white man and a black woman, or a black man and a white woman. (TA.) See also xaliysN. ― -b2- And (tropical:) A domestic fowl, (A,) or cock, (K,) begotten between an Indian and a Persian fowl. (A, K.) : see xaAlisN: ― -b2- and see xaliysN. One who seizes, or carries off, a thing by force: who takes it at an opportunity, with deceit, guile, or circumvention: [or who takes it hastily and openly: or who snatches at unawares:] as also ↓ xal~aAsN: [or this latter has an intensive signification:] and [in like manner] ↓ muxotalisN one who seizes, or carries off, a thing at a time of inadvertence. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] AlxaAlisu Death: because it seizes people unawares. (TA.) : see xaliysN, in two places. : see xaliysN. : see xaAlisN. xlS , (S, A, K, &c.,) aor. , (S, TA,) inf. n. xuluwSN (S, A, K) and xalaASN (TA) and xaAliSapN, (K,) or the second and third of these are simple substs. [used as inf. ns., i. e., quasi-inf. ns.]; (TA;) and xaluSa also; (Et-Towsheeh, TA;) but the former is that which is commonly known; (TA;) It (a thing, S, TA) was, or became, xaAliS, (S, A, K,) which signifies [here] clear, pure, sheer, free from admixture, unmingled, unmixed, or genuine; (B, TA;) and white. (K.) You say, xalaSa AnmaA='u mina Alkadari The water became clear from turbidness. (Msb.) And xalaSa Alz~ubodu mina Alv~ufoli [The butter became clear from the dregs, or sediment,] in being cooked. (S.) ― -b2- xalaSa mina AlwaroTapi, (A,) or Alt~alafi, aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xalaASN (A, Msb) and xuluwSN and maxolaSN, (Msb,) (tropical:) He became safe, or secure, or free, from embarrassment or difficulty, or from destruction, (A, Msb,) like as a thing becomes clear from its turbidness. (A.) [See also 5.] ― -b3- xalaSa mina Alqawomi (tropical:) He withdrew, retired, or went away or apart, from the people, or company of men. (A, TA.) It is said in the Kur [xii. 80], xalaSuwA najiy~FA (tropical:) They retired, conferring privately together. (Bd, Jel, TA.) ― -b4- xalaSa A_ilayohi, (S, A, K,) and bihi (TA,) inf. n. xuluwSN, (K,) (tropical:) He, or it, (a thing, S, and grief, and happiness, A, TA,) came to, or reached, him: (S, A, K, TA:) he came to, reached, or arrived at, it; namely, a place. (TA.) ― -b5- Also xalaSuwA A_ilayohi They came to him (namely a judge or governor) and referred to him their cause, or suit, for judgment. (T and L in art. nf*.) -A2- xalaSa, inf. n. xalaASN and xuluwSN; (TA;) or ↓ xl~S, (K,) inf. n. taxoliySN; (TA;) but the former is that which is found in the correct lexicons; (TA;) He took the xulaASap [q. v.] (K, TA) of, or from, clarified butter; (TA;) and ↓ AxlS, inf. n. A_ixolaASN, signifies the same. (TA.) [See also this last below.] , (A,) inf. n. taxoliySN, (TA,) He made, or rendered, it clear or pure [&c. (see 1, first signification)]; he cleared, clarified, purified, or refined, it; (A, Mgh, TA;) [as also ↓ AxlShu, q. v.] ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) He separated it from another thing or other things. (Msb.) You say also xl~S bayonahumaA [He separated them, each from the other]. (M in art. qlS.) ― -b3- (tropical:) He (God, A, TA, or a man, S) saved, secured, or freed, him, (S, A, K,) mino ka*aA from such a thing, (S,) [as, for instance, a snare, and embarrassment or difficulty, or destruction, like as one renders a thing clear from its turbidness, (see 1,)] after he had become caught, or entangled; (TA;) as also ↓ AxlShu. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) [He disentangled it; unravelled it:] said of spun thread that has become entangled. (Lth and Az and Sgh, in TA, art. Esr.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) He made it clear; or explained, expounded, or interpreted, it; as also lax~aSahu. (A in art. lxS.) ― -b5- xl~S, inf. n. as above, also signifies (assumed tropical:) He gave [a man (for the verb in this case, as in others, is trans, accord. to the TK,)] the xalaAS, (K, TA,) i. e., the equivalent of a thing, or requital, or hire for work. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, last signification. , (S, K,) inf. n. muxaAlaSapN, (TK,) (assumed tropical:) [He regarded him, or acted towards him, with reciprocal purity of mind, or sincerity: and particularly, as also xAlShu Alwud~a, mentioned in this art. in the A, but not explained,] (tropical:) he regarded him, or acted towards him, with reciprocal purity, or sincerity, of love, or affection; syn. SaAfaAhu (S, K, TA) and waAdadahu; (TA;) fiY AlEi$orapi [in social intercourse]. (S, TA.) You say also, xAlS A@ll~`ha diynahu (tropical:) [He acted with reciprocal purity, or sincerity, towards God, in his religion]. (A.) And one says, xaAliSi Almuw^omina wa xaAlifi AlkaAfira (tropical:) [Act thou with reciprocal purity, or sincerity, towards the believer, and act thou with contrariety to the unbeliever]. (A. [See 3 in art. xlq, where a similar saying is mentioned.]) [See also the next paragraph.] : see 2, first signification. You say, AxlS Als~amona, inf. n. A_ixolaASu, He clarified the cooked butter by throwing into it somewhat of the meal of parched barley or wheat (sawiyq), or dates, or globules of gazelles' dung: (S, * L:) or he took the xulaASap [q. v.] of the cooked, or clarified, butter. (Fr, K.) See also 1, last signification. And A^axolaSatohu Aln~aAru [The fire clarified it, or purified it,] namely, butter, and gold, and silver. (K.) ― -b2- You say also, AxlSwA Aln~aSiyHapa and AlHub~a (tropical:) [lit. They made good advice or counsel, and love, pure, or sincere; meaning, they were pure, or sincere, in giving good advice, and in love]. (TA.) And AxlS lahu Almawad~apa (tropical:) [He was pure, or sincere, to him in love, or affection]. (A.) And AxlS lil~`hi AlEamala (assumed tropical:) [He was pure, or sincere, towards God in works]. (Msb.) And AxlS lil~`hi Ald~iyna, (S, TA,) or diynahu, (A,) (tropical:) He was pure, or sincere, towards God in religion, [or in his religion;] without hypocrisy. (S, * TA.) And AxlS lil~`hi, [elliptically,] (assumed tropical:) He was without hypocrisy [towards God]. (K.) or A_ixolaASN properly signifies (assumed tropical:) The asserting oneself to be clear, or quit, of [believing in] any beside God. (B, TA.) [Hence.] suwrapu AlA_ixolaASi is (assumed tropical:) a title of The [112th] chapter of the Kur-án commencing with the words qulo huwa A@ll~`hu A^aHadN: (IAth, Msb:) and suwrataA AlA_ixolaASi (assumed tropical:) the same together with the [109th] chapter commencing with the words yaA A^ay~uhaA A@lokaAfiruwna. (Msb.) And kalimapu AlA^ixolaASi is applied to (tropical:) The sentence which declares belief in the unity of God. (A, * TA.) A^axolaSonaAhumo bixaAliSapK: see below, voce xaAliSapN. ― -b3- See also 2, third signification. ― -b4- And see 10. (tropical:) He became saved, secured, or freed; he escaped, or freed himself; or became safe, secure, free, or in a state of freedom or immunity; (S, K;) from a thing; (S;) as, for instance, a gazelle, and a bird, from a snare, (A,) [and a man from embarrassment or difficulty, or destruction, like as a thing becomes cleared from its turbidness, (see 1,) or] like spun thread when it has been entangled. (TA.) ― -b2- [See also nasaba biAlomaroA^api.] (tropical:) They regarded one another, or acted reciprocally, [with purity, or sincerity: and particularly,] with purity, or sincerity, of love, or affection. (A, * TA.) He extracted the butter from the milk. (ADk, A, L.) ― -b2- AstxlShu linafosihi He appropriated him [or it] purely to himself, (Bd and Jel in xii. 54,) exclusively of any partner: (Jel:) he chose him [or it] for himself; took him [or it] in preference for himself; (IAar, in L, art. qrH; and TA in the present art.;) he appropriated him to himself as his particular, or special, intimate; (TA;) syn. AisotaxaS~ahu; (S, K, TA;) and ↓ AxlShu signifies the same. (TA.) (S, A, K) and ↓ xuloSaAnN (S, A, TA) and ↓ xaAliSapN (S, TA) (tropical:) A man's friend; [or his sincere, or true,] or his secret, or private, friend; or his companion, or associate, who converses, or talks, with him; syn. xidonN; (S, K, TA;) his particular, or special, friend: (TA:) ↓ the second is also used in a pl. sense: (S, TA:) pl. of the first, xulaSaA='u. (K.) A kind of tree like the grape-vine (K) in its manner of growth, (TA,) that clings to other trees, and rises high; (K;) having leaves of a dust-colour, thin, round, and wide; and a blossom like that of the mr [?]; and tinged in the lower parts of its stems; (TA;) sweet in odour; and having berries (K) like those of [the plant called EinabN Alv~aEolabi, [see art. vElb,] three and four together, red, (TA,) like the beads of Eaqiyq [q. v.]; (K;) not eaten [by men], but depastured: (TA:) n. un. with p: (K:) thus described by [AHn] Ed-Deenawaree, on the authority of an Arab of the desert. (TA.) See the end of the next paragraph. , (S, K,) and *w AlxuluSapi, (Hishám, K,) and *w AlxaloSapi, accord. to IDrd, and some write it *w AlxaluSapi, but the first is the form commonly obtaining with the relaters of trads., (TA,) A certain temple, (S, K,) called kaEobapu AlyamaAmapi, (S,) or AlkaEobapu AlyamaAniy~apu, (El-Háfidh Ibn-Hajar, K,) and also AlkaEobapu Al$~aAmiy~apu, because its door faced Syria, (TA,) belonging to the tribe of Khath'am, (S, K,) and Dows and Bejeeleh and others, (TA,) in which was an idol called AlxalaSapu, (S, K,) which was demolished (S, TA) by command of Mohammad: (TA:) or *uw AlxalaSapi was the idol itself, as some say; but, says IAth, this requires consideration, because [it is asserted that] *w is not prefixed to any but generic names: (TA: [but see *uw:]) or the temple was so called because it was the place of growth of a tree of a kind called ↓ xalaS. (K, * TA.) : see xiloSN, in two places. an inf. n. of 1. ― -b2- yawomu AlxalaASi is The day of the coming forth of Ald~aj~aAl [or Antichrist]; because then the believers will be distinguished. (TA.) -A2- Also (assumed tropical:) An equivalent; a requital, or compensation; hire, pay, or wages, for work: pl. A^axolaASN. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xulaASap. : see xulaASap, in two places. : see xulaASap, throughout. : see xulaASap, in three places. ― -b2- Also an inf. n. of 1. : see xaAliSN. (S, A, L, Msb, K) and xilaASatuhu (Fr, Sgh, K) What has become clear, of cooked butter; (S, A, L, K;) or cooked butter into which some dates have been thrown, or into which some sawiyq [i. e. meal of parched barley or wheat] has been thrown, in order that thereby it may become clear from the remains of the milk: (Msb:) for when they cook fresh butter, to make it samon, they throw into it somewhat of swyq, or dates, or globules of gazelles' dung; and when it becomes good, and clear from the dregs, or sediment, that smn is called AlxulaASapu, and ↓ AlxilaASu also, (S, L,) mentioned by A'Obeyd, (S,) and this, namely the xilaAS, is the A_ivor: (S, L, K:) and the terms ↓ xuluwSN (S, L, K) and qilodapN (S, L) and qi$odapN (S, L, K) and kudaAdapN (S, L) are applied to the dregs, or sediment, remaining at the bottom; (S, L, K;) as also xulaASapN: (AHeyth, L in art. q$d:) the inf. n. is A_ixolaASN; and you say, A^axolaSotu Als~amona: (S, L:) or xulaASapN and ↓ xilaASN signify dates and swyq that are thrown into smn; and AxlS Als~amona signifies “he threw dates and swyq into the smn [and so clarified it]:” and ↓ xulaASN [thus I find it written] signifies what has become clear, of smn, when it is cooked: and xilaASN also signifies, and so ↓ A_ixolaASN, and ↓ A^ixolaASapN, butter when clear from the dregs, or sediment: and ↓ xuluwSN, the dregs, or sediment, at the bottom of the milk: (L:) ↓ A_ixolaASN and ↓ A_ixolaASapN are syn. with A_i*owaAbN and A_i*owaAbapN: (TA:) or, accord. to AZ, the latter two terms are applied to butter when it is put into the cooking-pot to be cooked into smn; and when it has become good, and the milk has become clear from the dregs, or sediment, that milk is called A_ivorN and ↓ A_ixolaADN: Az says, I have heard the Arabs apply the term ↓ xilaASN to that with which smn is cleared, in the cookingpot, from the water and milk and dregs; for when it is not clear, and the milk is mixed with the butter, they take dates, or flour, or swyq, which they throw therein, that the smn may become clear from the remains of the milk mixed with it: this is the xilaAS: but the xlASp [i. e. xulaASap] is what remains, of the xilaAS and dregs or milk &c., in the bottom of the cooking-pot: (L, TA:) [or] ↓ xilaASN (K) [accord. to some, ↓ xalaASN, but this is app. wrong, (see Har p. 311,)] and xulaASapN (Hr, TA) also signify what fire has clarified, or purified, (maA A^axolaSatohu Aln~aAru,) of butter, and of gold, and of silver: (Hr, K, TA:) or All~abani ↓ xilaASu, means what is extracted from milk; i. e. butter; (ADk, L, TA;) and so does xulaASapu All~abani: (A: [but there mentioned among tropical expressions:]) xulaASapN being applied in the manner first mentioned in this paragraph, by a secondary application is made to signify what is clear, or pure, of other things; (Msb;) [as also ↓ xaAliSN: and hence both of them often signify (assumed tropical:) the choice, best, or most excellent, part of anything; and so, probably, does ↓ xilaASN:] and xulaASapN and ↓ xulaASN also signify Inspissated juice (rub~) made from dates; (JK;) or this is called ↓ xuluwSN. (TA.) Clear; pure; sheer; free from admixture; unmingled; unmixed; genuine: (B, TA:) clear, or pure, applied to any colour: (Lh, TA:) (tropical:) white; as also ↓ xulayoSN; [which latter appears to me doubtful, though I know not why Freytag has substituted for this, or for the former word, xaloSN;] both applied to anything. (K, TA.) You say, vawobN xaAliSN (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, of a clear, or pure, white: and qabaA='N A^azoraqu xaAliSu AlbiTaAnapi (tropical:) A garment of the kind called qbA' blue with a white lining. (A.) ― -b2- [Also (assumed tropical:) Pure, or sincere, love, religion, &c.] ― -b3- See also xulaASap, near the end of the paragraph. [fem. of xaAliSN: used as a subst.,] (assumed tropical:) A pure property, or quality. (Bd in xxxviii. 46; and K. [In the CK, xul~ap is erroneously put for xal~ap: the corresponding word in Bd is xaSolap.]) So in the Kur [xxxviii. 46], bixaAliSapK ↓ A^axolaSonaAhumo *ikoraY Ald~aAri (assumed tropical:) We have rendered them pure by a pure quality, (Bd, K, * TA,) the keeping in memory the final abode: (Bd, TA:) *krY AldAr being a substitute for xAlSp: or it may mean [by] their keeping in memory much the final abode and the return to God: (TA:) some also, (TA,) namely Náfi' and Hishám, (Bd,) read bixaAliSapi, making it a prefix to *krY (Bd, TA) as an explicative; or an inf. n., in the sense of xuluwS, prefixed to its agent. (Bd.) ― -b2- You say also, h`*aA Al$~aYo'u xaAliSapN laka (assumed tropical:) This thing is a property of thine: (so in a copy of the S, and so the phrase is written in the TA:) or is a thing purely thine, exclusively of others: (TA:) or h*A Al$Y' xaAliSapF laka this thing is particularly, or specially, thine, or for thee. (So accord. to other copies of the S, and a copy of the JK.) ― -b3- See also xiloSN. -A2- xaAliSapN is also syn. with A_ixolaASN [in some sense not pointed out: see the latter below; and see also 4]. (TA.) [inf. n. of 4, used as a subst.]: see xulaASap, in three places. : see xulaASap, in two places. [ (tropical:) A place of safety, or security, or escape from an event.] Chosen: (JK:) chosen by God, and pure from pollution; applied to a man. (Zj, TA.) [It is implied in the A and TA that it is also syn. with muxoliSN in the sense explained below.] (tropical:) Pure, or sincere, towards God in religion; without hypocrisy: (TA:) or purely believing in the unity of God. (Zj, TA.) Picked [sapphires]. (A, TA.) xlT , (S, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xaloTN, (S, Msb,) He mixed it; mingled it; incorporated, or blended, it; (Msb, K;) or put it together; (Msb;) bigayorihi with another thing; (S, Msb;) inseparably, as in the case of fluids; and separably, as in the case of animals, (Msb, TA,) and grains; (TA;) as also ↓ xl~Thu, (K,) inf. n. taxoliyTN: (TA:) [or the latter relates to many, or several, objects; or signifies he mixed it much:] El-Marzookee says that the primary signification of xaloTN is the intermingling of the particles of a thing, one with another. (Msb, TA.) [And hence, (assumed tropical:) He confused, confounded, or disordered, it.] ― -b2- xalaTa Alqawoma; and xaliTa: see 3, near the end of the paragraph. see 1. ― -b2- [Its inf. n. is pluralized: you say,] jamaEa maAlahu mino taxaAliyTa [He collected together his property, or camels, &c., from states of confusion]. (TA.) ― -b3- Alt~axoliyTu fiY AlA^amori signifies The creating confusion, or disorder, (AlA_ifosaAdu,) in the affair, or case. (S.) And you say, huwa fiY taxoliyTK fiY A^amorihi [and mino Amrh, He is in a state of confusion, or disorder, in, or with respect to, his affair, or case]. (TA.) [And xl~T Ealayohi AlA^amori He rendered the affair, or state, or case, confused, or disordered, or perplexed, to him. And xl~T bayona Alqawomi He created confusion, or disorder, or disturbance, among the people, or company of men.] , inf. n. muxaAlaTapN (S, Mgh, K) and xilaATN, (S, K,) It mixed, mingled, commingled, intermixed, or intermingled, with it; it became incorporated, or blended, with it; syn. maAzajahu; (Mgh, K;) and xaAmarahu; (S, A, K, all in art. xmr;) [as, for instance,] water with milk. (A in art. xmr, and Mgh in the present art.) xilaATN in relation to camels, and men, and beasts, also signifies Their being mixed together. (K.) A poet says, yaxorujona mino buEokuwkapi AlxilaATi [They come forth from the crowding and dust (of the beasts) occasioned by the being mixed together]. (Th, TA.) And it is said in a trad., laA xilaATa walaA wiraATa (S, Mgh,) There shall be no putting together what is separate, nor separating what is put together, from fear of the poor-rate: (S:) for the Prophet made it incumbent on a person having possessed forty sheep or goats a whole year to give one sheep or goat; and so on one having possessed more thereof to the number of a hundred and twenty, to give one sheep or goat; but if they exceeded a hundred and twenty by one, two sheep or goats were to be given of them: (Az, TA:) i. e. there shall be no putting together what is separate; as, for instance, when three persons possess a hundred and twenty sheep or goats, every one of them having forty, they not having been partners for a whole year, and it being incumbent on every one of them to give a sheep or goat; and when the collector of the poorrate comes to them, they put them together, assigning them to one pastor, in order that they may not be obliged to give for them more than one sheep or goat: (K, * TA:) accord. to IAth, this is termed A_ixolaATN [app. a mistake for xilaATN]: nor shall there be any separating of what is put together; i. e., when there are two partners, each of them having a hundred and one sheep or goats, for which together they are bound to give three sheep or goats; and when the collector of the poorrate comes to them, they separate their sheep or goats, so that each of them shall not have to give more than one sheep or goat: [see also art. wrT:] (TA:) or xlAT signifies a man's mixing his sheep or goats when they are eighty in number with those of another which are forty in number, both together being bound to give two sheep or goats while they are separate, in order that one [only] may be taken: and wrAT, a man's giving to another the half of his sheep or goats when they are forty in number, in order that the collector of the poor-rate may not take anything: (Mgh:) or xlAT is, when there are, between two partners, a hundred and twenty sheep or goats, one of them having eighty and the other forty, and the collector of the poor-rate has taken two of these sheep or goats, the former partner's restoring to the latter the third of a sheep or goat; so that the former has had to give a sheep or goat and a third; and the latter, two thirds of one: and if the collector have taken, from the hundred and twenty, one sheep or goat, the former partner's restoring to the latter one third [in some copies of the K, erroneously, two thirds] of a sheep or goat; so that the former has had to give two thirds of a sheep or goat; and the latter, one third of one: (ISd, K, * TA:) and wrAT is deceiving, and acting dishonestly: (ISd, L, TA:) in the place of wrAT, we find, accord. to one relation, $inaAq, followed by fiY AlS~adaqapi. (TA.) ― -b2- El- 'Ajjáj contended with Homeyd El-Arkat in two poems of the metre termed rajaz ending with T, and Homeyd said, AlxilaATa yaA A^abaA Al$~aEovaA='i, i. e. [Beware thou of mixing; or] do not thou mix my A^urojuwzap with thine [O father of her with the shaggy hair]; to which El-'Ajjáj replied, AlfijaAju A^awosaEu mino *`lika yaA A@bona A^axiY [The roads are wider than to require my doing that, O son of my brother]. (AO, S.) ― -b3- xAlT Al*~iy^obu Alganama [lit. signifying The wolf mixed with the sheep, or goats,] means (tropical:) the wolf fell upon the sheep, or goats: (K, TA:) the inf. n. is xilaATN. (TA.) ― -b4- xAlThA, (Az, Msb, K,) inf. n. xilaATN and muxaAlaTapN, (Az, Msb,) (tropical:) He had carnal intercourse with her; (Az, Mgh, * Msb, K;) i. e., a man with his wife, (Az, Msb,) or with a woman: (K:) the lawyers say, xAlThA muxaAlaTapa AlAizodiwaAji: (Msb:) Th explains the inf. n. xilaATN by rafavN, q. v. (TA.) Also, in like manner, with the same inf. ns., (tropical:) a stallion-camel with the female. (Lth, K, TA.) [See also 4.] IAar explains xilaATN in relation to camels as signifying (assumed tropical:) A man's coming to the nightly resting-place of another's camels, and taking thence a male camel, and making him to cover his she-camel without his owner's knowledge. (TA.) ― -b5- xAlThu Als~ahomu (assumed tropical:) [The arrow penetrated into him]. (TA.) ― -b6- xAlThu Al$~ayobu [Hoariness, or whiteness, became intermixed in his hair]. (S and K in art. wxT; &c.) ― -b7- xAlThu Ald~aA='u (tropical:) The disease infected, or pervaded, him; [as though commingling with him;] syn. xaAmarahu: (Sh, K:) or infected, or pervaded, his inside. (Lth, S.) ― -b8- xaAlaTa qalobahu ham~N EaZiymN (tropical:) [Great anxiety, or disquietude of mind, infected, or pervaded, his heart]. (TA.) It is said in a trad., warajaEa Al$~ayoTaAnu yalotamisu AlxilaATa (tropical:) And the devil returned seeking to infect (yuxaAliT) the heart of the man praying by suggesting what was vain. (TA.) ― -b9- Alxamoru tuxaAliTu AlEaqola (tropical:) [Wine infects the intellect]. (S and K in art. xmr.) And xuwliTa fiY Eaqolihi, inf. n. xilaATN, (tropical:) [He became infected, corrupted, disordered, or confused, in his intellect.] (S, K.) And xuwliTa Eaqoluhu, and Eaqoluhu ↓ AixotalaTa, (tropical:) His intellect became corrupted, or disordered; (TA; [in which only the latter phrase is thus explained, though both are mentioned;]) and so ↓ AixotalaTa alone: (S, K:) and nafosuhu ↓ AixotalaTato (assumed tropical:) [His soul, or stomach, became disordered]: (S and K in art. xvr:) and ↓ A^axolaTa, said of a man, signifies the same as AxtlT. (TA.) ― -b10- xAlT Alqawoma (assumed tropical:) He mixed with the people, or company of men, in familiar, or social, inter- course; conversed with them; or became intimate with them; or mixed with them in, or entered with them into, their affairs; syn. daAxalahumo; as also ↓ xalaTahumo, inf. n. xaloTN; (TA;) and ↓ xaliTa, like fariHa, is used in a similar manner, in the sense of xaAlaTa: (IAar, TA:) and you say also ↓ AxtlT biAln~aAsi (assumed tropical:) [he mixed, or associated, or conversed, with men]. (TA.) And xaAlaTotu fulaAnFA (assumed tropical:) I mixed with such a one in familiar, or social, intercourse; conversed with him; or became intimate with him; syn. xaAmarotuhu, (A in art. xmr,) and EaA$arotuhu. (S, Msb, K, all in art. E$r.) And xAlThu fiY A^amori (assumed tropical:) [He mixed, or joined, with him in an affair]. (Mgh.) And hence xAlThu signifies (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, copartner with him; he shared with him. (Mgh.) xaAlaTahumo also signifies xaAlafahumo [evidently a mistranscription, for HaAlafahumo (assumed tropical:) He entered into a confederacy, league, compact, or covenant, with them]. (TA.) And you say also xAlT AlA^umuwra (assumed tropical:) [He mixed in, engaged in, or entered into, affairs]. (S, K.) , (AZ, S, K,) and AxlT lahu, (IAar, K,) He put, (S,) or inserted, (AZ,) or directed (K, TA) and inserted, (TA,) his (a camel's) qaDiyb into the HayaA=', (AZ, S, K,) he having missed it; (AZ, K;) as also A^aloTafahu: (AZ:) IF makes A_ixolaATN and ↓ AisotixolaATN to be the same. (TA.) -A2- AxlT [intrans.] (tropical:) He (a stallion) covered the female. (K.) [This seems to be taken from IF, who, as shown above, makes it syn. with AstxlT. See also 3.] ― -b2- As syn. with AxtlT, see 3, near the end of the paragraph. -A3- Said of a horse, He fell short, or flagged, in his running; as also ↓ AxtlT. (IDrd, K.) (tropical:) They commingled; or became mixed, or confounded, together, in war, or battle; as also fY AlHrb ↓ AxtlTwA. (TA.) ― -b2- txAlTwA also signifies (assumed tropical:) They commingled, or mixed together, in familiar, or social, intercourse; [conversed together; or became intimate, one with another; or they mixed, one in another's affairs; see 3, near the end;] syn. tEA$rwA. (S, Msb, K, all in art. E$r.) It was, or became, mixed, mingled, commingled, incorporated or blended together, (S, * Msb, K,) or put together. (Msb.) [And hence, (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, confused, confounded, indiscriminate, promiscuous, without order, disordered, or perplexed.] ― -b2- AxtlT All~ayolu biAlt~uraAbi (assumed tropical:) [The night became confused, or confounded, with the dust, or earth]: (AZ, K:) and AlHaAbilu biAln~aAbili (K) (assumed tropical:) the setter of the snare with the shooter of arrows; or the warp with the woof: (TA:) and AlmaroEaY biAlhamali (assumed tropical:) [the place of pasturage with the camels left to pasture by themselves]: (AZ, K:) and AlxaAviru biAlz~ubaAdi (as in some copies of the K and in the TA) (assumed tropical:) the thick milk with the butter that had become bad, or spoiled, in the churning; or, as some say, with the thin milk; (TA;) or biAlz~ab~aAdi (as in other copies of the K and in the TA) with the herb [so called], which, when it falls into the raAy^ib [or milk that is thick, and fit for churning, &c.], is with difficulty separated from it: (TA:) [but see art. zbd:] proverbs, alluding to the dubiousness and confusedness of an affair or a case: (K:) or the first, to the dubiousness of an affair or case; and the second, to its confusedness; and the third is applied when a people's affair or case is confused or perplexed to them; and the last relates to the confusedness of truth with falsity; and to a people whose affair or case is dubious to them, so that they do not decide upon anything. (TA.) ― -b3- [AxtlT AlZ~alaAmu (assumed tropical:) The darkness, or the beginning of night, became confused, is a phrase of frequent occurrence. And so AixotilaATu AlZ~alaAmi (assumed tropical:) The confusedness of the darkness, &c.] ― -b4- AxtlT Ealayohimo A^amoruhumo (assumed tropical:) [Their affair, or case, became confused, or perplexed, to them]. (S.) ― -b5- See also 3, in four places, near the end of the paragraph: and see 6. ― -b6- Said of a camel, (tropical:) He became fat; (ISh, K;) his fat and flesh becoming mixed together. (ISh.) ― -b7- Said of a horse: see 4, last sentence. He (a camel) inserted, (AZ,) or directed (K, TA) and inserted, (TA,) his qaDiyb into the HayaA=', by himself: (AZ, K, TA:) or he leaped the female; syn. qaEaA. (S.) See also 4. : see the next paragraph. Anything that mixes, mingles, commingles, or becomes incorporated or blended, with a thing; an admixture; (K, TA;) any kind of mixture; as a medicinal mixture; and the like: pl. A^axolaATN. (TA.) ― -b2- A kind of [mixed] perfume, (S, * Msb,) well known: (Msb:) pl. as above. (S, Msb.) ― -b3- [Sing. of AxlAT in the term] A^axolaATu AlA_inosaAni The four humours of man, (K, TA,) which are the constituents of his composition; (TA;) namely, Almir~ataAni [the black bile and the yellow bile] and Albalogamu [the phlegm] and Ald~amu [the blood]. (TA in art. mzj.) ― -b4- Mixed dates of various sorts: pl. as above. (K.) ― -b5- (tropical:) A man who mixes with others, and manifests love to them; (TA;) and xiloTapN a woman who does so: (K, * TA:) and the former, (IAar, TA,) or ↓ xaloTN, (K,) or this signifies [simply] muxaAliTN, [see 3,] and is an inf. n. used in that sense, (TA,) and ↓ xaliTN, (Lth, K,) and ↓ xuluTN, (K,) which is mentioned by Sb and explained by Seer, (TA,) (tropical:) a man who mixes with others, (K, TA,) and manifests love to them, (TA,) and behaves in a blandishing manner to them, and one who casts his women and goods among men; (K, TA;) and ↓ xaliTapN in like manner, applied to a female. (TA.) ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) A man of mixed race: or a bastard. (As.) You say rajulN xiloTN miloTN (assumed tropical:) A man of mixed race: (K, * TA:) or of faulty race: (O, TA:) or miloTN signifies one whose race and father are unknown. (As, TA.) And A^axolaATN mina Aln~aAsi (assumed tropical:) A medley, or mixed or promiscuous multitude or collection, of men, or people; or of the lowest or basest or meanest sort, or refuse, or riffraff, thereof; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ xaliyTN, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) and ↓ xul~ayoTaY, (K,) and ↓ xulayoTaY: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) to these (lahun~a [in the CK lahum]) there is no sing.: (K, TA:) but xaliyTN is also a sing., and has pls., as will be seen below. (TA.) ― -b7- (tropical:) Stupid; foolish; having little sense; (IAar, K;) as also ↓ xaliTN: (IAar, Sgh, K:) pl. of the former A^axolaATN; (IAar, TA;) with which ↓ xuluTN is syn. (TA.) ― -b8- A crooked bow, and arrow; (K;) an arrow of which the wood has grown crookedly, and which ceases not to be crooked even if it have been straightened; (S;) as also ↓ xiliTN, applied to either of these. (K.) And in like manner, (assumed tropical:) a man; he being likened to such an arrow: and (assumed tropical:) a people, or company of men. (TA.) ; fem. with p: see xiloTN, in three places. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) Good in disposition; good-natured. (TA.) : see xiloTN, in two places: ― -b2- [and see xaliyTN, of which it is a pl.] : see xiloTN, last sentence but one. [A state of mixing, or mingling, together;] a subst. from AxtlT. (Msb.) ― -b2- [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Copartnership. (S, Mgh, TA.) You say bayonahumaA xuloTapN (assumed tropical:) Between them two is a copartnership. (Mgh.) [See also what next follows.] (assumed tropical:) Social, or familiar, intercourse. (S, Msb, TA.) [See also what next precedes.] [Mixed; mingled; incorporated, or blended: of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN; like qatiylN &c. And hence,] (K,) or EalafN xaliyTN, (S, TA,) [The kind of trefoil called] qat~ and cut straw (S, TA) mixed together: (TA:) or clay mixed with cut straw: (K, TA:) or with qat~. (K.) Also, (K,) or labanN xaliyTN, (TA,) Sweet milk mixed with sour or such as bites the tongue. (K, TA.) Also, (K,) or samonN xaliyTN, (TA,) Clarified butter in which are fat and flesh-meat. (K, TA.) [Hence also,] it is said in a trad. respecting [the beverage called] nabiy*, (TA,) nuhiYa Eani AlxaliyTayoni (S, K) fiY AlA^anobi*api (S) or A^ano yunoba*aA (K) [Two sorts of things mixed together are forbidden in the beverages of the kind called nby*, or that nby* should be made of them]; i. e. it is forbidden to mix together [for making nby*] two sorts of things; (S, TA;) meaning dried dates and raisins; (S, Mgh, K;) or fresh grapes and fresh ripe dates; (S;) or dried dates and full-grown unripe dates, (T, Mgh, K,) thoroughly cooked by fire; (Mgh;) or fresh grapes and raisins; (T, K;) and the like; because such nby* quickly alters, and becomes intoxicating: (K:) and some hold that nby* so made is forbidden even if it do not intoxicate. (TA.) ― -b2- See also A^axolaATN mina Aln~aAsi, voce xiloTN. ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) One who mixes much with men: (Msb, TA:) [see also mixolaATN:] (assumed tropical:) one who mixes with others in familiar, or social, intercourse; or becomes intimate with them; or mixes with them in, or enters with them into, their affairs; syn. with ↓ muxaAliTN; (S, K;) like as nadiymN is syn. with munaAdimN, and jaliysN with mujaAlisN: (S:) pl. xulaTaA='u (S, Msb, K) and xuluTN: (S, K:) it sometimes has these pls., but is itself both sing. and pl.: (S, TA:) and as a pl. signifies (assumed tropical:) a people, or company of men, whose affair, or case, or state, is one: (K, TA:) it occurs frequently in the poems of the Arabs because they used to assemble in the days of the fresh herbage, sundry tribes of them congregating in one place, and familiar intercourse took place between them, and when they separated and returned to their homes, it grieved them: (S, TA:) or, accord. to some, it relates only to partnership: (TA:) it signifies (assumed tropical:) a partner, copartner, or sharer; (Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) as, for instance, in merchandise, and sheep or goats: (Mgh:) or (assumed tropical:) one who has mixed his property with that of his copartner: (Bd in xxxviii. 23:) or (assumed tropical:) one who shares in merchandise, or in a debt, or in commerce, or in neighbourship: (Ibn- 'Arafeh, TA:) and (assumed tropical:) a sharer in the rights of possession, or property; such as water, and a road: (K:) the pl. is xulaTaA='u; (Mgh, TA;) occurring in the Kur xxxviii. 23: (TA:) and the sing. also signifies (assumed tropical:) a neighbour; syn. jaArN [which has also other significations here assigned to xaliyTN]; (TA;) and mujaAwirN: (Msb:) and (assumed tropical:) a husband: and (assumed tropical:) the son of a paternal uncle: (K:) and [the pl.] xuluTN is also explained by IAar as (assumed tropical:) i. q. mawaAlK [pl. of mawolFY, which has several of the significations here assigned to xaliyTN]: and as signifying also (assumed tropical:) neighbours of sincere friendly conduct. (TA.) It is said in a trad. (K, TA) respecting [the right termed] Al$~ufoEap, (TA,) Al$~ariyku A^awolaY mina AlxaliyTu A^awolaY mina AljaAri (assumed tropical:) The sharer in what is not divided is more deserving than the sharer in the rights of possession, or property; [and the sharer in the rights of possession, or property, is more deserving than the neighbour:] (K, TA:) [or the trad. is as follows:] AlxaliyTu mina Al$~ariyki waAl$~ariyku A^aHaq~u mina AljaAri A^aHaq~u mino gayorihi (assumed tropical:) the sharer in the thing itself that is sold has more right than the sharer in the rights thereof; and the sharer in the rights thereof has more right than the adjoining neighbour; and the adjoining neighbour has more right than another: or the meaning here is, he between whom and thyself are acts of receiving and giving, and affairs of debt and credit; not the sharer, or partner. (Mgh.) And in another trad., maA kaAna mino xaliyTayoni faA_A_in~ahumaA yataraAjaEaAni bayonahumaA biAls~awiy~api (assumed tropical:) Whatever two copartners there be that have not divided the beasts [belonging to them], they shall make claim for restitution, one of the other, with equality; i. e., if they be copartners in camels for which it is incumbent to give sheep or goats, and the camels be found in the possession of one of them, and the poor-rate for them be taken from him, he shall make a claim for restitution [of what he has given above his own share] upon his copartner, with equality: (Esh-Sháfi'ee, K, TA:) the two persons are not xaliyTaAni unless they be such as drive back their beasts to the nightly resting-place, and drive them forth in the morning to the pasturage, and water them, together, and have their stallions mixed together, and have been copartners for a year; and if so, they give the poor-rate as one: otherwise, they are not xlyTAn; and they give the poor-rate as two: (Esh-Sháfi'ee, TA:) the trad. applies, for instance, to the case of two copartners who have mixed their property together; one of them having forty bulls or cows or of both kinds; and the other, thirty; and the collector of the poor-rates takes from the forty a musin~ap [q. v.], and from the thirty a tabiyE [q. v.]; then the giver of the msn~p makes a claim for restitution of three sevenths thereof upon his copartner; and the giver of the tbyE, of four sevenths thereof upon his copartner; for it is incumbent to give the beasts of these two ages [the msn~p and the tbyE] when the property is not divided, as though it were the property of one: and the saying bAls~wyp shows that if the collector of the poor-rate wrong one of them, and take from him more than the law imposes upon him, he cannot make a claim for restitution thereof upon his copartner, who is only responsible to him for the value of what falls upon him in particular, of what is incumbent by the law: and the making claim for [just] restitution, by one upon the other, shows that the partnership holds good notwithstanding the distinction of the things which compose the possessions, with such as hold this to be the case. (IAth, TA.) (tropical:) Stupidity; foolishness; paucity of sense. (IAar, K.) Camel's milk milked upon that of sheep or goats: or sheep's milk upon that of goats: and the reverse. (K.) : see xiloTN: ― -b2- and see what next follows, in two places. : see xiloTN. ― -b2- waqaEuwA fiY xul~ayoTaY, (S, K,) and ↓ xulayoTaY, (K,) (assumed tropical:) They fell into a state of confusion: (K:) their affair, or case, became confused, or perplexed, (AixotalaTa,) to them. (S.) And ↓ kun~aA xulayoTaY (assumed tropical:) [We were in a state of confusion]: cited by Az, from an Arab of the desert. (TA.) [↓ xul~ayoTaA='u, which probably signifies the same, is mentioned in the TA, voce lugazN, on the authority of Sb.] The creating confusion, or disorder, (A_ifosaAdN,) in an affair, or a case. (TA.) [See also 2.] ― -b2- maAluhumo xil~iyTaY~N [in the CK mAlahumo] Their possessions, or camels &c., are mixed together. (K, * TA.) : see xul~ayoTaY. (tropical:) [More insinuating than fever]; a saying of the Arabs; meaning that it manifests an affection for a person by its access to him, like the lover and blandisher. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) One who renders things confused, or dubious, to the hearers and beholders. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) One who mixes in, or enters into, (yuxaAliTu,) affairs, (S, K, TA,) and relinquishes them; (TA; [but this addition seems rather to apply to mizoyalN in what follows;]) as also ↓ mixolaATN: (K:) or this latter signifies (assumed tropical:) one who mixes much with men. (Sgh, TA.) [See also xaliyTN.] You say, huwa mixolaTN mizoyalN (assumed tropical:) [He is one who mixes in, or enters into, affairs; (and, accord. to an explanation of mizoyalN in the TA, in art. zyl, on the authority of IAth,) one who is vehement in altercation, or litigation, relinquishing one plea, or argument, and taking to another]; like as you say, huwa raAtiqN faAtiqN. (S, K.) : see mixolaTN. (tropical:) Infected, corrupted, disordered, or confused, in his intellect; as also ↓ muxotaliTN: (TA:) or mad; insane; or affected by diabolical possession. (TA in art. lbs.) : see xaliyTN. : see muxaAlaTN. ― -b2- Also (tropical:) A camel that has become fat, so that the fat is mixed with the flesh: fem. with p, applied to a she-camel. (ISh, K.) xlE , (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xaloEN, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He pulled it off; syn. nazaEahu; (Mgh, Msb;) or stripped it off; or took it off; (TA;) or put it, or threw it, or cast it, off from him; (IAth;) namely, his garment, (S, IAth, Mgh, Msb,) Eano badanihi from his body; (Mgh;) and his sandal, (S, Mgh, Msb,) Eano rijolihi from his foot; (Mgh;) &c.; (Msb, TA;) [as also ↓ AxtlEhu, as appears from its being said that] AixotilaAEN is syn. with xaloEN: (TA:) accord. to some, xaloEN is syn. with nazoEN; but accord. to Lth, (TA,) the former is like the latter, except that the former is a somewhat leisurely action. (K, TA.) The phrase in the Kur [xx. 12], faA@xolaEo naEolayoka is said to be used in its proper sense, [And do thou pull off, or put off, thy sandals,] because his sandals were of the skin of a dead ass: or, as the Soofees say, it is a command to stay; like as you say to him whom you desire to stay, “ Pull off thy garment and thy boots, ” and the like; and is tropical: (TA:) or, accord. to some, (assumed tropical:) make thy heart vacant from [care for] family and property. (Bd.) ― -b2- xalaEa Ealayohi, (B, TA,) and ↓ xalaEa Ealayohi xiloEapK, (S, TA,) [He took off from himself, and bestowed upon him, a garment: and hence,] he bestowed upon him, or gave him, a garment; [generally meaning, a robe of honour;] the meaning of giving being inferred from the connective ElY, not from the verb alone. (B, TA.) ― -b3- It is said in a trad. respecting 'Othmán, A_in~a A@ll~`ha sayuqam~iSuka qamiySFA wa A_in~aka tulaASu EalaY xaloEihi, (L,) meaning (tropical:) Verily God will invest thee with the apparel of the office of Khaleefeh, (K and TA in art. qmS,) and thou wilt be urged with enticement, and solicited, to divest thyself of it. (TA in art. lwS.) ― -b4- xalaEa Alfarasu Ei*aArahu (assumed tropical:) The horse threw off his head-stall, or halter, and wandered about at random. (Mgh.) ― -b5- [And hence,] xalaEa Ei*aArahu [said of a man,] (tropical:) (tropical:) He threw off from himself his E*Ar, [meaning restraint,] and acted in a wrongful and evil manner towards others, with none to repress him. (TA.) ― -b6- xalaEa A^awoSaAlahu He removed its AwSAl [meaning the bones so called, as is indicated by the context]. (TA.) ― -b7- xalaEa maAla SaAHibihi (tropical:) [He took away the property of his companion]; said of a person gambling with another. (A, TA.) ― -b8- xalaEa qaloba Aln~aAZiri A_ilayohi (assumed tropical:) [It drew away the heart of the beholder towards it]; said of the best of property. (Aboo-Sa'eed.) ― -b9- xalaEa qayodahu (tropical:) [He took off his shackles; or] he released him from his shackles: and in like manner, xalaEa daAb~atahu, and ↓ xl~EhaA, he released his beast from its shackles. (TA.) ― -b10- xalaEa Alr~iboqapa Eano Eunuqihi (tropical:) He annulled his compact, or covenant. (TA.) ― -b11- xalaEa yadFA mino TaAEapK (tropical:) He [threw off his allegiance, or] forsook obedience to his Sultán, and acted in a wrongful and evil manner towards him: (TA:) obedience being likened to a garment which a man puts off, or throws off, from him. (IAth, TA.) ― -b12- yuxolaEu Almay~itu [for yuxolaEu Alkafanu Eani Almay~iti, like xalaEa Ald~aAb~apa (mentioned above) for xalaEa qayoda Ald~aAb~api,] The corpse shall have its grave-clothes pulled off from it. (Mgh.) ― -b13- [In like manner you say,] xalaEotu AlwaAliY Eano Eamalihi (tropical:) I removed the ruler, or governor, or the like, from his office; or deposed him. (Msb.) And xuliEa AlwaAliY (tropical:) [The ruler, or governor, or the like, was divested of his authority; or] was removed from his office; or was deposed; (S, TA;) and so AlEaAmilu [the agent, or the exactor of the poor-rates]; and Alxaliyfapu [the Khaleefeh]. (TA.) And xalaEa qaAy^idahu (tropical:) [He divested his leader of his authority; or removed him from his office; or dismissed him]. (S, TA.) But IF says, This is scarcely, or never, said, except of an inferior who forsakes, or relinquishes, his superior; so that [xalaEahu signifies, in a case of this kind, (tropical:) He threw off his allegiance to him; or forsook obedience to him; like another phrase, mentioned above; and] one does not say, [or seldom says,] xalaEa AlA^amiyru waAliyahu EalaY baladi ka*aA [as meaning (assumed tropical:) The prince deposed his ruler over such a province, or the like]; but only, [or rather,] Eazalahu. (TA.) ― -b14- xalaEa A@moraA^atahu, (Az, S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. xuloEN, with damm, (S, K, *) or this is a simple subst., (Az, Mgh, Msb,) and the inf. n. is xaloEN, (Az, Msb, TA,) and some add xilaAEN; (TA;) and ↓ xAlEhA, (Az, TA,) inf. n. muxaAlaEapN; (K;) [and xilaAEN seems to be another inf. n. of this latter verb, rather than of the former;] (tropical:) He divorced his wife (Az, Mgh, Msb, K) for a ransom given by her, (Msb,) or for her property given by her as a ransom to release herself from him, (Az, Mgh, TA,) or for a gift, or a compensation, from her, (K, accord. to different copies; some having biba*olK; and others, bibabadalK;) or from another: (K:) because the wife is [as] a garment to the husband, and the husband to the wife, (Az, Mgh, Msb, TA,) as is said in the Kur ii. 183: (Az, TA:) [it is also said that] ↓ taxaAluEN is syn. with xuloEN: (K:) [but see 6, below:] and AixolaEohaA, occurring in a trad., is explained as signifying Divorce thou her, and quit her. (TA.) ― -b15- xalaEahu A^aholuhu (tropical:) [His family cast him off, repudiated him, or renounced him;] so that if he committed a crime, or an offence rendering liable to punishment, they should not be prosecuted for it. (S, TA.) In the Time of Ignorance, when one said, (K, TA,) proclaiming in the fair, or festival, (TA,) yaA A^ay~uhaA Aln~aAsu h`*aA A@bonaY qado xalaEotuhu, (K, * TA,) meaning [O men, this, my son, I cast off, repudiate, or renounce, him, or] I declare myself to be clear of him; so that if he commit a crime, or an offence rendering him liable to punishment, I am not responsible; and if a crime, or an offence rendering liable to punishment, be committed against him, I will not pursue [for redress, or retaliation]; (TA;) he was not punished afterwards for any such act committed by him: (K, TA:) this was when the person doing so feared some foul action or treachery from his son: and in like manner, they said, A_in~aA qado xalaEonaA fulaAnFA [Verily we cast off, &c., such a one]. (TA.) In like manner, also, xalaEuwhu, inf. n. xaloEN, signifies (tropical:) [They cast him off, repudiated him, or renounced him, or] they declared themselves to be clear of him; meaning a confederate; so that they should not be punished for a crime, or an offence rendering liable to punishment, committed by him, nor should he be punished for such an act committed by them. (IAth, L.) In the same sense the verb is used in the saying, naxolaEu wanatoruku mano yafojuruka [We repudiate, or renounce, or] we declare ourselves clear of, and forsake, him who disobeys, or opposes, Thee: (Mgh, TA:) or naxolaEu wanahojuru mano yakofuruka we hate, and [repudiate, or renounce, or] declare ourselves clear of, [and forsake,] him who denies, or disacknowledges, thy favour, or who is ungrateful, or unthankful, for it. (Msb.) -A2- xaluEa, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xalaAEapN, (S, * TA,) (tropical:) He became cast off, repudiated, or renounced, by his family; (SaAra xaliyEFA; TA; i. e. xalaEahu A^aholuhu; S, TA;) so that if he committed a crime, or an offence rendering liable to punishment, they were not prosecuted for it: (S, K, TA:) he became alienated or estranged [from his family]; syn. tabaAEada: (TA:) [he became vitious, or immoral; notorious for drinking and play; a gambler; or the like: see xalaAEapN, below; and see xaliyEN.] -A3- xuliEa He became affected with what is termed xaAliEN, i. e., a twisting of the EuroquwbN [or hock-tendon]. (K.) : see 1. ― -b2- taxoliyEN as signifying a certain manner of walking: see 5. , (S,) or taxoliyEN, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. muxaAlaEapN, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) She incited, urged, or induced, her husband to divorce her for a gift, or a compensation, (biba*olK, or bibadalK, accord. to different copies of the S,) from her to him: (S, Mgh: *) or (assumed tropical:) she ransomed herself from him, and he divorced her for the ransom. (Msb.) ― -b2- xAlE A@moraA^atahu: see 1. ― -b3- xAlEhu (tropical:) He contended with him in a game of hazard: because he who does so takes away the property of his companion. (TA.) It (a bond, or chain,) came off, or fell off, from the hand or foot. (KL.) [See also 7.] ― -b2- txl~Et Als~afiynapu The ship parted asunder; became disjointed; became separated in its places of joining. (Mgh.) ― -b3- txl~E, in walking, i. q. tafak~aka; (S, K, TA;) i. e. (tropical:) [He was, or became, loose in the joints; or] he shook his shoulder-joints and his arms, and made signs with them: (TA:) and ↓ taxoliyEN also signifies a certain manner of walking, (so in some copies of the K, and in the TA,) in which one shakes his shoulder-joints and his arms, and makes signs with them: (TA:) or the walking of him whose buttocks are apart, or parted. (CK, and so in a MS. copy of the K.) [See also taxal~aja.] ― -b4- txl~E fiY Al$~araAbi (assumed tropical:) He persisted in the drinking of intoxicating beverage, (K, * TA,) or became intoxicated, so that his joints became lax, or loose. (TA.) ― -b5- txl~E Alqawomu (assumed tropical:) The people, or company of men, stole away, slipped away, or went away secretly. (IAar.) (tropical:) They annulled, dissolved, or broke, the confederacy, league, compact, or covenant, that was between them. (S, * K, * TA.) ― -b2- taxaAlaEaA (tropical:) They divorced themselves, namely, a husband and his wife, for a gift, or a compensation, (biba*olK, or bibadalK, accord. to different copies of the S,) from the wife to the husband. (S.) See also xalaEa A@moraA^atahu. It became pulled off, stripped off, taken off, or removed, from its place; it became displaced. (Mgh.) [See also 5.] ― -b2- Hence, AinoxalaEa qinaAEu qalobihi mino $id~api AlfazaEi (tropical:) [He became as though] the integument of his heart became pulled off, in consequence of violence of fear, or fright. (Mgh.) And hence also, AinoxalaEa fuw^aAdu Alr~ajuli (tropical:) [The heart of the man became removed from its place; meaning] the man became frightened. (Mgh.) ― -b3- [AnxlE AlEuDowu, or AlEaZomu, The limb, or the bone, became dislocated. See Ainoxaraja. ― -b4- AnxlE Eano Eamalihi (tropical:) He (a ruler, or governor, or the like,) became removed from his office; became deposed. See 1.] ― -b5- AnxlE mino maAlihi (tropical:) He became stripped of his property, like as a man is stripped of his garment. (TA.) (S, Mgh, K) mino zawojihaA, (Mgh,) (tropical:) She became divorced from her husband (S, Mgh, K) for a gift, or a compensation, from her, (S, K, accord. to different copies; some having biba*olK; and others, bibabadK;) or from another, (K,) or for her property given by her as a ransom to release her from him. (Mgh.) -A2- AxtlEhu: see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- AxtlEwhu (tropical:) They took his property: (K, TA:) from the "Nawá- dir el-Aaráb." (TA.) Flesh-meat cooked with seeds that are used for seasoning, then put into a receptacle of skin, (S, K, *) which is called qarofN: (S:) or flesh-meat cut into strips or oblong pieces, and dried, or salted, and dried in the sun, roasted, (K, TA,) and, as Lth says, (TA,) put into a receptacle with its melted grease: (K, * TA:) or flesh-meat having its bones pulled out, then cooked, and seasoned with seeds, and put into a skin, and used as provision for travelling: (Z, TA:) and ↓ xaliyEN, also, signifies flesh-meat of which the bones have been pulled out, and which is seasoned with seeds, and laid up (yurofaEu) [for future use]: (TA:) and ↓ xawolaEN, flesh-meat which is boiled in vinegar, and then carried in journeys. (TA.) -A2- A state of dislocation of the joint, of the arm or hand, or of the leg or foot; its becoming displaced, without separation; as also ↓ xalaEN. (TA.) [accord. to the S, and app. accord. to the K, and inf. n., (see xalaEa A@moraA^atahu,) or] a simple subst., signifying (tropical:) The act of divorcing a wife (Az, Mgh, Msb) for a ransom given by her, (Msb,) or for her property given by her as a ransom to release her from her husband, (Az, Mgh, TA,) or for a gift, or a compensation, from her; or from another: (K: see 1:) IAth says that it annuls the return to the wife unless by means of a new contract: accord. to EshSháfi'ee, there is a difference of opinion respecting it; whether it be an annulment of the marriage, or a divorcement: [if the latter, it is not irrevocable unless preceded by two divorcements:] sometimes it is called by the latter term. (TA.) [See also xuloEapN.] : see xaloEN. A state of divorcement [for a ransom given by the wife, or for her property given by her as a ransom to release her from her husband, or] for a gift, or a compensation, from the wife, (S, * K,) or from another. (K.) [See 8: and see also xuloEN.] You say, waqaEato bayonahumaA AlxuloEapu [Divorcement, or] separation, [for a ransom, &c. or] for [a gift, or] a compensation, took place between them two. (TK.) -A2- (assumed tropical:) The best, or choice part, of property, or of camels or the like; (Aboo-Sa'eed, S Sgh, K;) so called because it takes away the heart of him who looks at it; (Aboo-Sa'eed;) as also ↓ xiloEapN. (Aboo-Sa'eed, Sgh, K.) -A3- (assumed tropical:) Weakness in a man. (TA.) Any garment which one pulls off, or takes off, from himself: (TA:) and particularly, (TA,) a garment which is bestowed upon a man, [generally meaning a robe of honour,] (K, * TA,) whether it be put upon him or not: (TA:) or a gift, or free gift, [of any kind,] which a man bestows upon another: (Msb:) or a sewed garment: (KL:) pl. xilaEN. (Msb, TA.) You say, xalaEa Ealayohi xiloEapF [explained above]: see 1, near the beginning. (S, TA.) ― -b2- See also xuloEapN. , with damm, One who sells [cast-off or] old garments. (Ibn-Nuktah, TA.) , with kesr to the x, and with the l quiescent, One who sells the garments bestowed by kings. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) An affection resembling what is termed xabalN [q. v.], (K, TA,) and insanity, or diabolical possession, (TA,) which befalls a man: (K, TA:) or weakness, and fear or fright: (TA:) and ↓ xawolaEN and ↓ xayolaEN [in like manner] signify (tropical:) fear, or fright, affecting the heart, (S, K, TA,) occasioning evil imagination, and weakness, (TA.) as though it were a touch of insanity, or of diabolical possession, (S, K, TA,) in a man, and in the heart. (S.) Pulled off; stripped, or taken, off; put, or thrown, or cast, off; i. q. ↓ maxoluwEN; applied [to a garment, and a sandal, or the like, or], accord. to some, to anything. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, used as a subst., A cast-off, or] an old, and wornout, garment. (K, TA.) You say, huwayakosuwhu mino xaliyEihi [He clothes him with some of his cast-off, or old, and worn-out, apparel]. (TA.) ― -b3- See also xaloEN. ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) A person whose property is won from him in a game of hazard; as also ↓ maxoluwEN. (L.) ― -b5- xaliyEu AlEi*aAri (assumed tropical:) (assumed tropical:) A man who does and says what he pleases; not caring, nor fearing God nor the blame of men; like the beast that has no halter on its head. (Har p. 676.) Also applied to a woman in a state of estrangement [from her husband; lit., Having her headstall, or halter, pulled off, or thrown off; she being likened to a mare; meaning, (assumed tropical:) (assumed tropical:) without restraint]; having none to command or forbid her: [see 1:] incorrectly written xaliyEapu AlEi*aAri; for xlyE is here of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN: or you say xaliyfapN without mentioning the E*Ar, from xalaEapN, like ZariyfapN and laTiyfapN [from ZaraAfapN and laTaAfapN]. (Mgh.) [See also xaAliEN.] ― -b6- xaliyEN is also applied to a Khaleefeh, and a prince or the like, meaning (tropical:) Divested of his authority; removed from his office; deposed; (L;) as also ↓ maxoluwEN: and it is a strange thing, noticed by Dmr and others, that every sixth is mxlwE. (TA.) ― -b7- Also (tropical:) A young man, (S,) or a son, (K,) and a confederate, (IAth, L,) cast off, repudiated, or renounced, (S, IAth, L, K,) by his family, (S,) or father, (K,) or confederates, (IAth, K,) so that if he commit a crime, or an offence rendering liable to punishment, they, i. e. his family, or he, i. e. his father, or they, i. e. his confederates, shall not be prosecuted, or punished, for it; (S, IAth, L, K;) as also ↓ maxoluwEN: (K:) pl. of the former, xulaEaA='u: (K:) and (tropical:) a young man (K, TA) thus cast off by his family, (TA,) who commits, or has committed, many crimes, or offences rendering him liable to punishment; as also ↓ xawolaEN: (K, TA:) (assumed tropical:) one alienated or estranged [from his family]: (TA:) (tropical:) one who has broken off from his family, and disagreed with them, and wearied them by his wickedness and baseness and guile; (Mgh, K, * TA; *) as though he had thrown off his headstall or halter, [i. e., restraint,] and who does what he will; or because his family have cast him off, and declared themselves clear of him; (Mgh;) or because he has cast off his kinsfolk, and they have declared themselves clear of him; or because he is divested of religion and shame; (TA;) fem. with p: (K: [indicating that it is a part. n. of xaluEa; not of the measure faEiylN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN, as is implied by some portions of the explanations here given:]) (assumed tropical:) bad, evil, wicked, or mischievous: (TA:) (tropical:) [vitious, or immoral: (see xalaAEapN, whence it is derived:)] (assumed tropical:) notorious for drinking and play: (TA:) [in the present day commonly used in this sense; and as signifying (assumed tropical:) waggish; or a way:] (assumed tropical:) a player, with another, at a game of hazard, or for stakes laid by both of them to be taken by the winner; (IDrd, K;) as also ↓ muxaAliEN; because the best, or choice part, of his property (xuloEatuhu) is [often] won from him: (S:) (assumed tropical:) one who applies himself constantly to games of that kind: (TA:) and ↓ xawolaEN signifies (tropical:) a player at games of that kind, who has had the punishment termed Had~N inflicted upon him, and is always overcome in such games, or who is fortunate, and always overcomes in such games. (K, accord. to different copies; in some of which we read AlmuqaAmiru AlmaHoduwdu Al~a*iY yuqomaru A^abadFA; and in others, AlmqASr Almajoduwdu Al*Y yaqomuru AbdA.) ― -b8- (assumed tropical:) A hunter, fowler, or fisherman; (S, Sgh, K;) so called because he is alone. (Sgh.) ― -b9- (tropical:) A [demon, or devil, &c., of the kind called] guwl; (S, K, TA;) because of its evil nature; (TA;) as also ↓ xawolaEN (K) and ↓ xayolaEN. (TA.) ― -b10- (assumed tropical:) A wolf; (S, K;) as also ↓ xawolaEN (K) and ↓ xayolaEN. (Sgh, K.) ― -b11- (assumed tropical:) The gaming-arrow that does not win (S, Kr, K) at first: (S, Kr:) or, accord. to some, the gaming-arrow that wins at first; as is said by Sgh and in the L: (TA:) pl. xilaEapN. (Kr.) : [see xaluEa:] it is syn. with daEaArapN [i. e. (tropical:) Vice, or immorality; or vitious, or immoral, conduct; &c.]; as also xaraAEapN, a dial. var. thereof; (S in art. xrE;) and ↓ xaliyEapN signifies the same. (TA.) : see what next precedes. [(assumed tropical:) A horse throwing off his headstall, or halter, and wandering about at random. ― -b2- And hence, (assumed tropical:) (assumed tropical:) A man throwing off from himself restraint, and acting in a wrongful and an evil manner towards others, with none to repress him. See also xaliyEN. ― -b3- And hence,] (assumed tropical:) (assumed tropical:) (assumed tropical:) A beardless youth, or young man; or one whose mustache has grown forth, but not his beard. (TA.) ― -b4- xaAliEN (assumed tropical:) A kid. (TA.) [App. because of its playful disposition.] ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) A woman who incites, urges, or induces, her husband to divorce her for a gift, or a compensation, from her to him: [see 3:] (S:) or who causes herself to be divorced for a gift, or a compensation, from her to her husband: [see 6:] and in like manner, a husband who divorces his wife for a gift, or a compensation, from her. (K.) ― -b6- ruTabN xaAliEN Dates that are all ripe, or ripe throughout, or soft; syn. munosabitN; (S, K;) because their skins strip off by reason of their succulency: (TA:) and busorapN xaAliEN, (K, TA,) and xaAliEapN, (TA,) a date that has become wholly fit to be eaten. (K, * TA.) [See busorN] ― -b7- xaAliEN also signifies A twisting of the Euroquwb [or hocktendon]: (K:) or a certain disease that attacks the Euroquwb of a she-camel. (TA.) And you say, baEiyrN bihi xaAliEN, (S,) or baEiyrN xaAliEN, (K,) A camel that is unable to rise (S, K) when a man sits upon the part called guraAb [q. v.] of its haunch, (S) in consequence, as some say, of a dislocation of the tendon of the hock. (TA.) ― -b8- jubonN xaAliEN (tropical:) Vehement cowardice; as though the vehemence of the man's fear removed his heart from its place; accord. to IAth, an affection arising from yearning thoughts, and weakness of the heart, on an occasion of fear. (TA.) : see xaloEN. ― -b2- It also signifies habiyd [i. e. Colocynth, or its pulp, or seed,] when it is cooked until its samon [or decocted juice] comes forth, whereupon it is cleared, and put aside; and bruised dates of which the stones have been taken out are put upon it, and flour, and it is stirred about and beaten until it becomes mixed; then it is left, and put down; and when it becomes cold, its smn is restored to it: or, as some say, colocynth (HanoZal) bruised, moistened with something to sweeten it, and then eaten; also called mubas~alN. (TA.) [See habiydN.] -A2- See also xulaAEN: -A3- and xaliyEN, in four places. -A4- Also Stupid; (K;) applied to a man. (TA.) -A5- And A skilful guide. (Sgh, K.) : see xulaAEN: -A2- and see xaliyEN, in two places, near the end. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) A weak man. (TA.) [See also muxal~aEN.] A man (S) having the buttocks apart, or parted. (S, K.) ― -b2- And muxal~aEN A weak, and soft, or flabby, man. (Lth, K.) [See also xayolaEN.] ― -b3- (tropical:) A man (TA) in whom is what resembles a loss of reason, or a touch of insanity or of diabolical possession: (K, * TA:) and (tropical:) a man insane, or possessed by a jinnee. (TA.) : see xaliyEN, in four places. ― -b2- rajulN maxoluwEu Alfuw^aAdi (tropical:) A man frightened, or terrified; as though his heart were removed from its place. (TA.) : see xaliyEN, in the latter part of the paragraph. (tropical:) A woman divorced from her husband for a gift, or a compensation, from him, (S, K,) or from another: (K:) [see 8:] and [the pl.] muxotaliEaAtN [is explained as signifying] (tropical:) women who incite, urge, or induce, their husbands to divorce them for a gift, or a compensation, without any injurious conduct from the latter. (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A woman affected with lust. (Sgh, K.) xlf , aor. , inf. n. xalofN, He came after, followed, succeeded, or remained after, another, or another that had perished or died. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [vii. 168 and xix. 60], faxalafa mino baEodihimo xalofN (TA) And there hath succeeded them, or come after them, [a posterity, or] an evil posterity. (Bd in xix. 60.) And xalafahu He came after him, (S, A in art. dbr, Mgh, Msb, TA,) or behind him, (A ubi suprà, Mgh,) or following him nearly; (A ubi suprà;) inf. n. as above, (Mgh, TA,) and xilofapN also: (Mgh:) or he remained after him: (K:) and ↓ jaA='a xilaAfahu likewise signifies [the same as jA=' xalofahu; an inf. n. of xaAlafa being thus used as an adv. n.; i. e.] he came after him. (TA.) You say also, xalafa All~ayolu Aln~ahaAra, inf. n. xalofN and xilofapN, The night followed, or came after, the day. (MA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xalafotuhu, [aor. as above,] inf. n. xalofN, [perhaps a mistranscription for xalafa,] I was, after him, a substitute for him: (TA:) [I supplied his place: and I superseded him.] And xalafahu, (aor. as above, TA,) inf. n. xilaAfapN (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) and xalafN (TA) and xil~iyqaY, (S, * K, * TA,) which last is an inf. n. of the intensive kind, (Sgh, MF, TA,) He was, or became, his xaliyfap [i. e. successor, or vice-agent, &c.], (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or his substitute; (TA;) fiY qawomihi [among, or in respect of, his people], (S, TA,) and A^aholihi [his family]; relating to good and to evil; wherefore one says, A^awoSaY lahu biAlxilaAfapi [he charged him by his will with the being his successor, or vice-agent, &c.]; (TA;) or EalaY A^aholihi wamaAlihi [over his family and his property]: (Msb:) and ↓ Axtflhu signifies the same; (Lh, Ibn-'Abbád, K;) he was, or became, his xaliyfap (Ibn-'Abbád, TA) after him. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) And xalafa fulaAnFA [alone] He was, or became, the xaliyfapN of such a one among, or in respect of, his family (K, TA) and his children. (TA.) And xalafahu rab~uhu fiY A^aholihi (K, TA) and waladihi, (TA,) inf. n. xilaAfapN, (K,) His Lord was [for him] a xaliyfap [or supplier of his place] to his family (K, TA) and his children. (TA. [In the CK, Axlf is made to signify the same; but this is in consequence of an omission.]) And one says, xalafa A@ll~`hu Ealayoka May God be to to thee a xaliyfap [or supplier of the place] (S, Msb, K) of thy father; (S, Msb,) or of the one whom thou hast lost: (S, Msb, K:) thus one says to one who has lost by death his father (S, Msb, K) or mother (K) or paternal uncle (S, Msb) or any other who cannot be replaced: (Msb, K:) and xalafa A@ll~`hu Ealayoka xayorFA, (K,) or bixayorK, (AZ, Msb, K,) or both, (L,) and xalafa A@ll~`hu laka bixayorK, (AZ, Msb,) and A@ll~`hu Ealayoka xayorFA ↓ A^axolafa and laka xayorFA: (K: [in which it is implied that these phrases mean May God supply to thee well the place of him whom thou hast lost: but it is implied in the Msb that the two of them there mentioned mean May God restore to thee good in the place of that which has gone from thee: and it appears from what here follows that all of these phrases have the latter meaning, whether or not they have the former meaning also:]) to him who has lost property or a child or a thing [of any other kind] of which the replacement may be asked, (S,) or to him of whom that which may be replaced has perished, or died, (K,) one says, A@ll~`hu Ealayoka ↓ A^axolafa (S, Msb, K) May God restore to thee the like of that which has gone from thee, (S, Msb,) or may God restore to thee what has gone from thee; (K in a later part of the art.;) and All~`h laka ↓ Axlf; and xalafa All~`h lk : or xalafa All~`h Ealayoka is allowable in relation to property and the like; and yaxolafu, like yamonaEu is allowable as its aor., though extr., (K,) as it has no faucial letter to occasion the fet-h: (TA:) and one says also, xalafa A@ll~`hu laka bixayorK meaning May God give thee good in the place of that which has gone from thee; (TA;) and Ealayoka xayorFA ↓ Axlf, (Msb, TA,) meaning the same; (TA;) and [so] laka xayorFA ↓ Axlf and bixayorK: and A@ll~`hu Ealayoka maAlaka ↓ Axlf and laka maAlaka [May God restore, or replace, to thee thy property]. (Msb.) xalafa A^abaAhu, (K,) aor. (TA,) means He became behind his father; (K;) and if so, its inf. n. is xalofN: (TA:) or it means he became in the place of his father; (K;) and if so, its inf. n. is xalafN: (TA:) and xalafa makaAna A^abiyhi, inf. n. xilaAfapN (K) and xalafN, (TA,) he became in the place of his father, exclusively of every other. (K.) You say also, xalafati AlfaAkihapi baEoDuhaA baEoDFA, (JK, K,) inf. n. xalofN, (JK, TA,) or xalafN, (TA, [the former being there altered to the latter (which is the more probably correct), or the latter to the former,]) and xilofapN, (JK, TA,) The fruit replaced other fruit; or became substituted for other fruit. (JK, * K,* TA. [In the CK, SaAra xalofFA is erroneously put for SaArato xalafFA.]) And xalafa fulaAnN EalaY fulaAnapa, inf. n. xilaAfapN, [like Eaqaba EalayohaA,] Such a man took as his wife such a woman after another husband [and thus supplied his place]. (Z, TA.) ― -b3- xalafa ulaAnFA, (aor. , TA,) He took, or seized, such a one from behind him; (JK, * K;) as also ↓ Axtlfhu. (TA.) And hence, (TA,) xalafa lahu biAls~ayofi (JK, TA) He came to him from behind him, and smote his neck, or struck off his head, with the sword. (TA.) ― -b4- xalafa fulaAnN biEaqibiY [is explained as meaning] Such a one stayed, or abode, after me. (Msb in art. Eqb) [But] ― -b5- xalafa biEaqabi fulaAnK is said by some to mean A_ilaY ↓ xaAlafahu A^aholihi [q. v.]: accord. to As, however, it means He parted with such a one on the condition of doing a certain thing, and then came behind him [or behind his back] and did another thing after parting with him: and Az says that this is a more correct explanation than the former one. (TA.) [Hence, app.,] one says also, A_in~a A@moraA^apa fulaAnK taxolufu zawojahaA biAln~izaAEi A_ilaY gayorihi A_i*aA gaAba EanohaA [Verily the wife of such a one is unfaithful to her husband by yearning towards another when he is absent from her: or deceives her husband behind his back by yearning towards another; for it is implied, by an ex. given, that A*A gAb EnhA is added by way of explanation]. (TA.) xalafahu also signifies He spoke of him, or mentioned him, [behind his back, or] when he was not present: so in the phrase, xalafahu bixayorK or bi$ar~K [He spoke of him behind his back well or ill]. (TA.) And one says, yaxolufu Aln~aAsa mino waraAy^ihimo [meaning He defames men behind their backs]: the action signified hereby is like giybapN, and may be [by making signs] with the side of the mouth, and with the eye, and with the head. (TA in art. hmz.) ― -b6- xalafa Eano A^aSoHaAbihi, (K, TA,) aor. , He remained behind, or after, his companions; did not go forth with them; as also A^aSoHaAbihi ↓ qaEada xilaAfa [similar to a phrase mentioned near the beginning of this art.]; (TA;) i. q. ↓ txl~f; (K in explanation of the former phrase;) which is syn. with taA^ax~ara; (S, K;) as in the phrase txl~f Ean~iY [which means He remained behind me, or after me]; (S;) [for] txl~f Eanohu means baqiYa xalofahu; (Mgh;) and [in like manner] you say, txl~f Eani lAqawomi He remained behind, or after, the people, or party, not going with them; [he held back, or hung back, from them;] and ↓ qaEadotu xilaAfahu [i. e. I remained] behind him, or after him; (Msb;) and ↓ xAlf Ean~aA He remained behind us, or after us; syn. ↓ txl~f. (TA, from a trad.) It is said in the Kur [xvii. 78], A_il~aA qaliylFA ↓ wa A_i*aA laA yalobavuwna xilaAfaka, i. e. [But in that case they should not have remained] after thee [save a little while]: (JK, TA: *) so accord. to one reading [instead of xalofaka, which means the same]. (TA.) And in like manner, rasuwli A@ll~`hi ↓ fariHa Almuxal~afuwna bimaqoEadihimo xilaAfa, in the Kur [ix. 82], means [Those who were left behind rejoiced in their remaining] behind the Apostle of God: (S, TA:) or the meaning here is, muxaAlafapa rswl All~`h [i. e. in disagreement with the Apostle of God]: (JK, S:) thus says Lh; but IB disagrees with him; saying that xlAf here means baEoda; and cites six exs. in which it has this meaning, from poets. (TA.) ― -b7- [Hence,] xalafa fulaAnN Eano kul~i xayorK (assumed tropical:) [Such a one was, or became, kept back from all good; i. e.,] did not prosper, or was not successful. (TA. [It is there added, that it is explained in the A as tropical, and as meaning tagay~ara wafasada: but this is perhaps a mistake, occasioned by the accidental omission of waxalafa All~abanu or the like, of which this is a correct explanation: or the phrase thus explained in the TA, as from the A, may correctly mean He became altered for the worse, and corrupt; agreeably with other explanations of the verb below.]) ― -b8- xalafa, aor. , also signifies He (a man) retired, withdrew, or went away or apart. (JK.) And xalafato nafosahu Eani AlT~aEaAmi, aor. , inf. n. xuluwfN, (assumed tropical:) His soul turned away from, avoided, or shunned, the food, in consequence of disease. (JK, TA.) ― -b9- And He fled. (Ham p. 411.) ― -b10- And He (a man, Sgh) ascended a mountain. (Sgh, K.) -A2- See also 2, first sentence. -A3- xalafa, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. xuluwfN, (Lh, Msb, TA, and Ham p. 679,) [inf. n. xuluwfN,] said of the taste of water, It was, or became, different from, or contrary to, what it was thought to be: and [hence,] it was, or became, altered [for the worse]: (Ham ubi suprà:) [and] said of milk, (S, K,) and of food, (Lh, S, Msb, K,) and the like, (Lh, TA,) and some say xalufa, (TA,) aor. , inf. n. xuluwfN, (Lh, TA,) of both verbs, (TA,) it was, or became, altered [for the worse] (Lh, S, Msb, K) in taste, or in odour; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ Axlf: or, said of milk, the first signifies it became bad from being long kept; or, as in the A, (tropical:) what was good thereof became mixed (xulifa, i. e. xuliTa,) with other milk: and ↓ Axlf, said of milk, signifies also it was, or became, sour: (TA:) and the first, said of [the beverage called] nabiy*, it became bad. (K.) Also, inf. n. xuluwfN (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xuluwfapN (K) and xilofapN, (L, TA,) said of the mouth (S, Mgh, Msb, K) of a person fasting, (S, Msb, K,) It was, or became, altered [for the worse] in odour; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ Axlf. (S, Msb, K.) It is said in a trad. that the xuluwf of the mouth of one who is fasting is sweeter in the estimation of God than the odour of musk: or, accord. to some of the lawyers and of the relaters of traditions, xaluwf; but [SM says,] I think this to be a mistake, as several affirm it to be, while others say that it is of a bad dial. : accord. to one reading, it is xilofap. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xalafa Eano xuluqi A^abiyhi, (K,) aor. , inf. n. xuluwfN, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, altered [for the worse] from the natural disposition of his father. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And xalafa, (ISk, S, K,) inf. n. xalofN [or xuluwfN]; or xalofa, aor. , inf. n. xalaAfapN and xuluwfN; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, bad, or corrupt. (ISk, S, K, TA.) ― -b4- And xalafa, (K) inf. n. xalaAfapN (IAth, K) and xuluwfN, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, stupid, or foolish; or one who had little, or no, intellect or understanding: (K, * TA:) or unprofitable: or a frequent promise-breaker: (IAth:) or xalafa and ↓ Axlf, said of a slave, he was, or became, idiotic, deficient in intellect, or bereft of his intellect. (JK.) -A4- xalafa, (K,) inf. n. xalofN; (S, * K, * TA;) and ↓ Axlf, and ↓ Astxlf; (S, K;) He drew water, (S, K, TA,) liA^aholihi for his family: [app. because he who does so leaves his family behind him: see 2, first sentence:] (K, TA:) [or] ↓ Astxlf, said of a man, signifies AisotaEo*aba AlmaA=' [app. as meaning he sought, or drew, or brought, sweet water: see art. E*b]: and, accord. to IAar, you say, Alqawoma ↓ A^axolafotu, meaning properly I carried sweet water to the people, or party, when they were in the [season, or herbage, called] rabiyE and without sweet water, or when they were by salt water: A_ixolaAfN [as meaning the carrying, or drawing, of water,] being [properly] only in the rbyE: in other cases, metaphorically applied. (TA.) El-Hoteíäh says, ↓ lizugobK kaA^awolaAdi AlqaTaA raAva xalofuhaA EalaY EaAjizaAti Aln~ahoDi HumorK HawaASiluho (assumed tropical:) [To, or for, downy ones, like the young ones of the katà, whose procurer of water has been slow in coming to those lacking the power of spreading their wings for flight, red in their crops]: he means ↓ mixolifuhaA [or xaAlifuhaA], and has put in the place of this the inf. n.: and by HwASlh, accord. to Ks, he means HawaASilu maA *akoronaA [the crops of what we have mentioned]: but Fr says that the h relates to the zgb, exclusively of the EAjzAt, which [latter] has the sign of the pl. ; for every pl. that has the form of a sing. may be imagined to be a sing., as in the saying of the poet, mivolu AlfiraAxi nutifato HawaASiluho [meaning “ like the young birds of which the crops have been plucked ”]; for AlfrAx has not the sign of the pl., but has the form of a sing., like AlkitaAb and AlHijaAb: another says, [but this is very far-fetched,] that the h relates to AlnhD, which [sometimes] means a place in the shoulderblade of the camel; and that the poet has used it metaphorically as belonging to the qTA. (S.) -A5- xalafa Alv~awoba, (S,) or AlqamiySa, aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xalofN (Kr, TA) and xulofapN, in some copies of the K xalofapN, [so in my MS. copy of the K, and so in the TK,] and [in some] xulafN also, but these require consideration, (TA,) He took out from the garment, or shirt, the part that was worn out, (S, Msb, K,) that is, the middle part, which was worn out, (S, Msb,) and then sewed the [cut] edges together. (S, Msb, K.) And Alv~awoba ↓ Axlf signifies the same as xalafahu, i. e. He repaired the garment [app. in any manner, or, as is implied in the S and TA, by substituting one piece for another]. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- The saying, in a trad. of Hamneh, faA_i*aA xalafato *`lika falotagotasilo, meaning (assumed tropical:) And when she has discriminated that period of days and nights during which she has been HaAy^iD, [she shall perform a complete ablution of herself,] is from xalafa AlqamiyS signifying as explained above. (Msb.) -A6- xalafa signifies also He mixed [a thing with another thing; as, for instance, (see xulifa in a passage above,) milk with other milk]: and he mixed saffron, and medicine, with water. (TA.) -A7- xalafa bayotahu He put to, or made for, his tent, a pole, (K, TA,) termed a xaAlifap, (TA,) in the hinder part thereof. (K TA.) -A8- xalifa, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xalafN, (S, K,) He (a camel) inclined towards one side. (S, K.) ― -b2- xalafN is also an inf. n. (of xalifa, said of a man, TK) signifying The being A^axolaf as meaning contrarious, hard in disposition, as though going with a leaning towards one side: ― -b3- and the being left-handed: ― -b4- and the being A^aHowal [or squint-eyed]. (K.) -A9- xalifato, aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. xalafN, (Msb, TA,) She (a camel) was, or became, pregnant. (Msb, K.) , (Msb,) and xl~fhu waraA='ahu, (S, TA,) inf. n. taxoliyfN, (TA,) He left him behind him; (Msb;) namely, a man: (S, Msb, TA:) and ↓ xalafahu [signifies the same: or] he made him to be behind him; as also ↓ Axlfhu [q.v.], and ↓ Axtlfhu: (TA:) [whence the saying,] A^aloHaHotu EalaY fulaAnK ↓ fiY AlAitibaAEi Hat~aY A@xotalafotuhu i. e. [I pressed upon such a one in following] until I made him to be behind me. (ISk, TA.) You say also, xal~afahumo, inf. n. as above, meaning He was, or became, or went, before them; and left them behind him. (TA.) And xl~fwA A^avoqAlahum, inf. n. as above, They left their loads, or baggage &c., behind their backs; (O, K;) when they went away to draw water. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xl~fhu He made him, or appointed him, his xaliyfap [i. e. successor, or vice-agent, &c.]; (K;) and so ↓ Astxlfhu. (S, Msb, K.) So in the Kur [xxiv. 54], ↓ layasotaxilafan~ahumo fiY A@loA^aroDi kamaA A@sotaxolafa A@l~a*iyna mino qabolihimo [That He will assuredly make them to be successors in the earth, like as He made to be successors those who were before them]. (TA.) -A2- xl~f binaAqatihi, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He bound one of the teats of his she-camel with the thing termed SiraAr [in order that her young one might not suck it]: (S, K:) from Yaakoob. (S.) , (Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. xilaAfN (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) and muxaAlafapN, (S, Msb, K, TA,) He [or it] disagreed with, or differed from, him [or it]; or he dissented from him; (Mgh, Msb;) contr. of waAfaqahu; fiY ka*aA [in, or in respect of, such a thing]: (Mgh:) and he, or it, was contrary, opposed, or repugnant, to him, or it: (TA:) [and he acted contrarily, contrariously, adversely, or in opposition, to him, or it; he, or it, contravened, or opposed, him, or it:] and he [or it] contradicted him [or it]. (M in art. nqD.) It is said in a prov., A_in~amaA A^anota xilaAfa AlD~abuEi Alr~aAkiba, i. e. tuxaAlifu xilaAfa AlD~abuEi [Verily thou art one who acts with the contrariousness of the hyena towards the rider]: for the hyena [attacks a man on foot, but], when it sees the rider, flees from him. (IAar, TA.) You say also, xaAlafaniY Eano ka*aA He turned away from such a thing [in opposition to me, or] when I betook myself to it: [see also the last sentence but one of the first paragraph of art. bht:] and xAlfnY A_ilaY ka*aA He betook himself to such a thing [in opposition to me, or] when I turned away from it: (Mgh:) or xAlfhu A_ilaY Al$~aYo'i means he disobeyed him by betaking himself to the thing; or betook himself to the thing after he had forbidden him it. (TA.) And hence, (Mgh,) huwa yuxaAlifu A_ilaY A@moraA^api fulaAnK, (S, Mgh, *) or A_ilaY fulaAnapa, (O, L, TA,) in the K erroneously, hw yxAlf fulaAnapa, (TA,) He comes to the wife of such a one when he [the latter] is absent from her, (S,) or to such a woman when her husband is absent from her: (Mgh, * O, L, K, TA:) and xAlfhu A_ilaY A^aholihi [he came to his (another's) wife in his (the husband's) absence]: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. (Az, TA.) And xAlfhu A_ilayohimo He watched to see him, and, when he was absent from them, namely, his family, he went in to them: (Jm, O, TA:) and, accord. to AZ, fulaAnN SaAHibahu ↓ Axlf Such a one watched to see his companion, and, when he was absent, he came, and went in to him [or rather to his wife or to his family]: (TA:) [or] SaAHibahu ↓ xAlf he watched to see his companion, and, when he was absent, went in to his wife: (K, and the like is said in the JK:) thus says IDrd, on the authority of AZ. (TA.) And xAlf A_ilaY qawomK He came to a party, or company of men, from behind them [or behind their backs]: or he feigned to them the contrary of that which he conceived in his mind, and took them unawares. (TA.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, [describing a collector of wild honey,] A_i*aA lasaEatohu Aln~aHolu lamo yaroju lasoEahaA waxaAlafahaA fiY bayoti nuwbK EawaAsili (S in the present art., in which only the former hemistich is cited, and in art. rjw,) i. e. [When the bees sting him,] he fears not nor minds [their stinging], (S in art. rjw) [but comes, during their absence, to the hiving-place of bees occupied in gathering honey:] meaning, he comes to their honey, (S, TA, [in the latter of which, in the place of AlnHl, is put Ald~aboru “ the swarm of bees, ”]) and takes it, (TA,) while they are feeding; (S, TA;) or, as AA says, he comes behind them to the honey while they are absent: AO explains it by xaAlafahaA A_ilaY mawoDiEK A=xara which [he says] means he keeps with them [to another place]; syn. laAzamahaA; [and thus this phrase (which is strangely misinterpreted in the TK and in Freytag's Lexicon) is explained in the K, but without any reference to the verse;] as also HaAlafahaA, with the unpointed H: (TA:) and some read the verse thus; but this reading is said to be a mistake. (TA in art. Hlf.) ― -b2- jaA='a xilaAfahu: see 1, near the beginning of the paragraph. And see also five other exs. in the middle portion of the same paragraph. ― -b3- xAlf bayona rijolayohi He put one of his legs forward and the other backward: and [hence,] AlmuxaAlafapu bayona Alr~ijolayoni [as signifying the alternate shifting of the legs to and fro] is metonymically used as meaning the act of dancing. (Har p. 108.) [And xAlf bayona Al$~ayoy^ayoni He put, or placed, the two things contrariwise; or on contrary sides; or in contrary directions. Hence,] A^awo tuqaT~aEa A^ayodiyhimo waA^arojuluhumo mino xilaAfK, in the Kur v. 37, [Or that their hands and their feet shall be cut off on contrary sides,] means that their right hands and left feet shall be cut off. (Bd, Jel. [See also similar exs. in the Kur vii. 121 and xx. 74 and xxvi. 49.]) [Hence also,] farasN bihi $ikaAlN mino xilaAfK, (JK,) or *uw xadamataAni mino xilaAfK, (TA,) A horse having a whiteness in his right fore leg and his left hind leg [or the reverse]: (JK, TA:) and some say, lahu xadamataAni mino xilaAfK when he has a whiteness [or rather a ring of white a little above the hoof] in his fore leg [or right fore leg] and another in his left fore leg [probably a mistake of a copyist for his left hind leg]. (TA.) : see 2, first sentence. Also He put him, turned him, or made him to go back or stand back, behind him. (K, TA.) And Axlf yadahu He put his hand behind him. (Az, TA.) And also, (Fr, TA,) or Axlf biyadihi A_ilaY Als~ayofi, (JK,) or simply Axlf [used elliptically], (S, K,) He put [back] his hand to his sword, (Fr, S, K, TA,) in order to draw it, (JK, S, K, TA,) it being hung behind him. (Fr, * TA.) And Axlf Als~ayofa [He hung the sword behind him; or kept it hung behind him]: said, in a trad., of a man on the day of Bedr. (TA.) And Axlf Eani AlbaEiyri [for Axlf Eanohu AlHaqaba] He shifted [backwards] the hind girth of the camel, putting it next to his testicles, on account of its hurting the sheath of his penis, and causing a suppression of his urine; (As, S, K;) as also Axlf AlbaEiyra: (TA:) or you say only, A^axolifi AlHaqaba, meaning remove thou the hind girth from the sheath of the penis. (Lh, TA.) And Axlf Ald~aAb~apa biAls~awoTi He struck the beast on the hinder part with the whip. (JK.) ― -b2- Axlf AlbaAzila [He (a camel) exceeded in age the bAzl, which is generally one that has entered his ninth year: as though he made the bAzl to be behind him: and so, app., Axlf alone; AlbaAzila being understood: see muxolifN]. El-Jaadee says, A^axolafa AlbaAzila EaAmFA A^awo bazalo A^ay~idi AlkaAhili jalodK baAzilK [Strong in the withers, hardy, a bAzl; that has exceeded in age him who has just become a bAzl by a year, or that has himself just become a bAzl]. (S, TA.) Some say that AlA_ixolaAfu is [a term denoting] the last of the ages [that have words to signify them] with respect to all beasts. (TA.) ― -b3- Axlf fulaAnN SaAHibahu: see 3, near the middle of the paragraph. ― -b4- Axlfhu maA waEadahu, (S,) or mawoEidahu, (Mgh,) or waEodahu, (Msb,) or AlwaEoda, (K,) inf. n. A_ixolaAfN, (Mgh,) He broke, (Mgh,) or failed to perform, (S, K,) his promise, or the promise, to him: (S, Mgh, K:) restricted to future time: (Msb:) AlA_ixolaAfu is, in respect of the future, like Alka*ibu in respect of the past: (S, K:) or the making a promise and not fulfilling it: (Lh, K:) and some say that it signifies one's seeking an object of want, or water, and not finding it. (TA.) It is said in a trad., A_i*aA waEada A^axolafa, i. e. When he promises, he does not fulfil his promise, and is not true [to it]. (TA.) [Hence,] A^axolafati Aln~ujuwmu, i. e. (tropical:) [The stars broke their promise; meaning,] were attended with drought, not attended with rain: (S, K, TA:) a saying of the people in the Time of Ignorance: (S, TA:) and so Eano A^anowaAy^ihaA ↓ Aixotalafato: for they used to believe and say that they were rained upon by such and such a nawo'. (TA. [See nawo'N.]) Hence also, A^axolafati AlHum~aY (assumed tropical:) The fever, being tertian or quartan, came not in its time, or turn. (Mgh.) And A^axolafato said of a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) She, having been covered by the stallion, did not become pregnant: (JK, TA:) and (assumed tropical:) she proved to be not pregnant when thought to be pregnant. (JK.) And in like manner said of a palm-tree; (JK;) (tropical:) It bore not one year: and (tropical:) it (a tree) bore no fruit: or lost the fruit that it had. (L, TA. [The verb, said of trees, has also another meaning, which see below.]) ― -b5- Axlfhu is also said, by El-Fárábee, to occur as meaning He acted according to his promise [or fulfilled his promise] to him; thus bearing two contr. significations: but this is strange. (MF.) ― -b6- Also He found him to be a breaker of his promise; (JK;) or he found his promise to be broken, or unfulfilled. (S, K.) ― -b7- Axlf Ealayoka and laka, each with an objective complement (xayorFA or maAlaka) expressed or understood: see 1, in six places, in the former half of the paragraph. You say also, Axlf fulaAnN linafosihi, (S, K,) or ligayorihi, (TA,) Such a one replaced to himself, (S, K,) or to another, (TA,) a thing that had gone from him, with another thing. (S, K.) Ibn-Mukbil says, faA^axolifo waA^atolifo A_in~amaA AlmaAlu EaArapN wakulohu maEa Ald~ahori Al~a*iY huwa A=kiluho [Then replace thou, and consume: wealth is but a loan: and devour it with time, which is a devourer thereof]: he means, gain a substitute for what thou hast consumed. (S, TA.) And the Arabs say to him who has put on a new garment, A^aboli waA^axolifo waA@Homadi AlkaAsiY [Wear out thy garment, and replace it with another, and praise the Clother, meaning God]. (TA.) And A^aboli wayuxolifu A@ll~`hu [Wear out thy garment, and God will replace it with another; or, may God replace &c.]. (S in art. blw) ― -b8- See also Axlf Alv~awoba near the end of the first paragraph. ― -b9- Axlf said of a plant, or of herbage, It put forth the xilofap, (S, Msb, K,) meaning leaves that come forth after the first leaves, in the [season called] Sayof; (TA;) and in like manner said of trees: (Msb, TA:) or Axlf Al$~ajaru means the trees put forth fruit after other fruit. (JK.) And, said of fruit, It came forth, some thereof after other thereof. (TA.) And Axlft AlA^aroDu The land became affected by the cold of the latter part of the [season called] Sayof, and some of its trees consequently become green. (TA.) ― -b10- Also, said of a bird, (tropical:) It put forth feathers after the first feathers: (K, TA:) from the same verb said of a plant, or of herbage. (TA.) ― -b11- And, said of a boy, (assumed tropical:) He nearly attained to puberty. (JK, Az. K, TA.) ― -b12- And, said of a solid-hoofed beast, (assumed tropical:) He completed a year after the quruwH [or finishing teething, or shedding the corner-nipper]. (JK.) -A2- Axlfhu said of medicine, It weakened him (K, TA) by causing him to go frequently to the privy. (TA.) ― -b2- And AlA_ixolaAfu also signifies The bringing the stallion again to the she-camel when she has not conceived at once. (K.) -A3- See also 1, in six places, in the latter half of the paragraph. see 1, in two places, in the middle of the paragraph. [Hence, txl~f ani AlA^amori He held back from, or fell short of, doing the thing.] see the next paragraph, in three places. signifies The following reciprocally; or alternating. (Mgh.) So in the phrase in the Kur [ii. 159 and iii. 187 and xlv. 4], waA@xotilaAfi All~ayolu waAln~ahaAri And the alternating of the night and the day. (Mgh) [And in a verse of El-'Ajjáj cited voce A^abolaY, in art. blw.] And hence the phrase, AixotalafaA DarobapF Each of them beat, or struck the other in turn. (Mgh.) And the saying, in a trad. of 'Alee, faA@xotalafato bayona Eubayodapa boni AlH`rivi waAlwaliydi boni Euqobapa DarobataAni [And two blows were interchanged between 'Obeydeh Ibn-El-Hárith and El-Weleed Ibn-'Okbeh]. (Mgh.) And the saying, in a trad. of Umm-Sabeeyeh, Aixotalafato yadiY waydu rasuwli A@ll~`hi fiY A_inaA='K waAHidK, meaning My hand and the hand of the Apostle of God were both put [by turns] into one vessel. (Mgh.) And AixotalafuwA signifies They followed, or succeeded, one another; whenever one went, another coming after him. (TA in art. Ewr.) ― -b2- Also The going, or moving, repeatedly, to and fro; so coming and going; or reciprocating; syn. tarad~udN [in this sense, as is shown in this art. in the K and TA, and in the S and K in art. rwd &c.: and also as mean ing the returning, or repairing, time after time, or repeatedly, or frequently, to a person or place; because it implies coming and going: and sometimes it means simply the returning; because this cannot be without a previous going]. (K.) You say, huwa yaxotalifu A_ilaY fulaAnK, i. e. yatarad~adu [He returns, or repairs, time after time, repeatedly, or frequently, to such a one]: and Aixotalafa A_ilayohi A@xotilaAfapF waAHidapF [He returned to him once]. (TA.) And huwa yaxotalifu A_ilaY majaAlisi AlEilomi He repairs frequently to, or frequents, the assemblies of science; syn. yatarad~adu. (A in art. rd.) And Aixotalafa A_ilaY AlmutawaD~aA^i [He returned, or repaired, time after time, &c., to the privy]. (S.) And Aixotalafa A_ilaY AlxalA='i [properly signifies the same: and hence, (assumed tropical:) He had a looseness of the bowels, or a diarrhœa]. (K.) And [perhaps as implying coming and going,] Axtlf also signifies He supplied, or gave, or offered, water. (TA.) ― -b3- [Also The disagreeing, differing, or varying, in state or condition or quality &c.; being dissimilar, different, diverse, various, incongruous, discordant, or dissentient:] Axtlf is the contr. of Ait~afaqa; (K, TA;) and is said of anything that is dissimilar [in the parts or members &c. of which it is composed]; as also ↓ txAlf. (TA.) You say, AlA^amoraAni ↓ txAlf [and Axtlf AlAmrAn], i. e. lamo yat~afiqaA [The two things, or affairs, or cases, were, or became, dissimilar, &c.]. (TA.) And AxtlfwA and ↓ txAlfwA (Mgh, Msb) [They disagreed, &c., fiY A^amorK in a thing or an affair or a case;] every one of them took to, or held, a way, or an opinion, different from, or contrary to, that of another: (Msb:) both signify the same. (Mgh.) It is said in a trad., saw~uwA Sufuwfakumo walaA taxotalifuwA fataxotalifa quluwbukumo [Make ye your ranks even when ye place yourselves to pray together, and be not dissimilar in your positions, for in that case your hearts would disagree]; meaning, when one of you advances, or stands, before another in the ranks, your hearts will be affected, and disagreement in respect of friendship and amity will arise among you: or, as some say, it means, your hearts will be made to recoil: or the Suwrap [or specific character] of your hearts will become changed into another Swrp. (TA.) [Hence,] Aixotalafato Eano A^anowaAy^ihaA, said of stars: see 4, near the middle of the paragraph. ― -b4- Also The being complicated, intricate, or confused. (KL.) [You say, Axtlf AlA^amoru bayonahumo The affair, or case, was, or became, complicated, intricate, or confused, so as to be a subject of disagreement, or difference, between them: a phrase of frequent occurrence.] -A2- Axtlfhu: see 1, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b2- See also 2, in two places. ― -b3- Axtlf SaAHibahu: see 3, near the middle of the paragraph. : see 2, in two places. ― -b2- Also He took it (a thing) as a substitute, or in exchange, for another thing; or in the place of another thing; syn. AisotaEowaDahu and Aisotabodalahu. (TA.) ― -b3- Astxlfti AlA^aroDu The land produced the herbage of the [season called] Aisotabodalahu. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, in the middle of the latter half of the paragraph, in two places. [meaning The location, or quarter, that is behind; and the time past;] (K; [so in my MS. copy, and thus it should be written as a simple noun; but in the CK xalofu;]) or Alxalofu; (Lth, K;) contr. of qud~aAmN [or Alqud~aAmu]: (Lth, K:) [and] xalofa [Behind; and after;] contr. of qud~aAma: (S: [thus in my tow copies; and said in the margin of one of them to be thus in the copy of IB, and in that of El-Jawáleekee:]) a simple noun: and an adv. n.: of the fem. gender [as meaning the jihap; but otherwise it seems to be masc.]. (TA.) You say, jaA='a xalofahu [and mino xalofihi, both meaning He came behind him, and after him]. (Mgh.) And jalasotu xalofa fulaAnK I sat after, or behind, such a one; syn. baEodahu (S.) And labiva xalofahu He remained after him. (K.) Some read, in the Kur [xvii. 78], waA_i*FA laAyalobavuwna xalofaka: others read xilaAfaka [which means the same, as mentioned above: see the middle of the first paragraph of this art.]. (TA.) ― -b2- xalofN signifies also The back (K, TA) itself: so says IAar: and particularly, of a house; the side corresponding to, or over against, that in which is the door; and as a house may have two doors, [in two different sides,] it may be said to have two backs, each of which may be thus termed; and the dual of this word seems to be used as meaning two backs in a trad. [respecting the building of the Kaabeh]. (TA.) ― -b3- And One who comes after another; (S, TA;) as also ↓ xalafN, or, accord. to some, there is a difference between these two, as will be shown in what follows; (S;) and ↓ xaAlifN and ↓ xaAlifapN: it is originally an inf. n.: (TA:) and signifies one who remains after another, whether this other be dead or living: and one remaining after another who is dead; his follower, or successor; the follower, or successor, of one who has gone: used in praise and in dispraise: pl. xuluwfN: and the sing. also signifies [like the pl.] persons remaining after others; accord. to some: (IB, TA:) a remnant of people: (Lh, TA:) and a generation after a generation; (Lth, S, K;) as also ↓ xalafN: (Lth, TA:) but Lth says that the former is applied to the evil, and ↓ the latter to the good, (K, TA,) whether meaning a generation or a son: (TA:) the latter means a good son (K, TA) remaining after his father: (TA:) and the former, a bad son: (K, TA:) [therefore] one says, huwa xalofu sawo'K mino A^abiyhi [He is a bad son] who has taken the place of his father, and SidoqK mn Abyh ↓ xalafu [a good son] &c.: (S:) but sometimes each is used in the place of the other; so that one says, hw xalofu SidoqK mn Abyh: (K:) or both signify the same: (S, K:) so says Akh: some, he says, use the former; and some, the latter: but some say SidoqK ↓ xalafu and xalofu sawo'K, meaning thus to distinguish between them: (S:) accord. to IB, ↓ xalafN correctly signifies a man's successor who is a substitute for him, good and bad: and is originally an inf. n.: (TA:) and the pl. of this is A^axolaAfN: (AZ, IB, TA:) accord. to IAth, xalafu SidoqK means a good generation: and xalofu sawo'K, an evil generation: (TA:) and xalofN likewise signifies progeny [without restriction]. (K.) One says also, (S, K,) of a people following people more in number than they, (S,) h`w^ulaA='i xalofu sawo'K [These are a bad generation. (S, K.) And baqiynaA fiY xalofi sawo'K We remained among an evil remnant. (Lh, TA.) And faxalafa mino baEodihimo xalofN, in the Kur [vii. 168 and xix. 60], is explained as meaning And there remained after them a remnant. (TA.) ― -b4- [Hence,] (tropical:) One in whom is no good. (IB, K.) [And app. also Persons in whom is no good..] ― -b5- And (tropical:) A thing in which is no good: (IB, TA:) [and particularly] (assumed tropical:) a bad saying; (ISk, S, Msb, K;) a wrong, bad saying, like the xalof of mankind. (A 'Obeyd, Msb.) See also xulofN. It is said in a prov., sakata A^alofFA wanaTaqa xalofFA (assumed tropical:) He held his tongue from a thousand words (sakata Eano A^alofi kalimap), and then uttered what was wrong. (ISk, S, Msb.) An Arab of the desert, who had been guilty of a breach of manners (Habaqa HaboqapF), pointed with his thumb towards his Aisot, and said, A_in~ahaA xalofN naTaqato xalofFA [which may be rendered, Verily it is a thing in which is no good: it uttered a thing in which was no good: but it obviously admits of being rendered otherwise]. (IAar, S.) ― -b6- Also People who have gone away from the tribe (T, K) to draw water, and have left their baggage &c. behind them: (T, TA:) and such as are present, [remaining behind,] of the tribe: thus bearing two contr. significations: pl. xuluwfN. (K.) You say HaY~N xuluwfN A tribe who are absent; none of them remaining behind: (S, TA:) or a tribe of which the men are absent and the women remaining: (TA:) and xuluwfN also signifies the contr., i. e. such as are present, (S, TA,) remaining behind. (S.) It is said of Mohammad, in a trad., lamo yatoruko A^aholahu xuluwfFA, i. e. He did not leave his family neglected, with no pastor nor protector. (TA.) See also a verse of El-Hoteíäh in the latter part of the first paragraph of this article. -A2- Old and worn out; applied to a waTob [or skin for milk, or for clarified butter and milk: as though it were a remnant thereof]. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) -A3- A mirobad; (S, K;) i. e. a place of confinement for camels: (TA:) or such as is behind the tent or house. (JK, S, * K.) -A4- A large faA^os [i. e. hoe or adze or axe]: or such as has one head: and the edge of a fA^s: or the head thereof: (K:) you say faA^osN *aAtu xaloqayoni a two-headed fA^s: (S, TA:) or *aAtu xaloqayoni and ↓ *aAtu xiloqayoni are names of the fA^s (K, TA) when two-headed: (TA:) and the pl. is *awaAtu Alxaloqayoni: (K:) pl. xuluwfN. (JK.) ― -b2- And The head of a razor. (K.) ― -b3- And The [pointed] head of a minoqaAr, [an iron instrument like the faA^os, (A and K in art. nqr,) with which mill-stones &c. are pecked, or wrought into shape, (see minoqaArN,) and] with which wood is cut. (TA.) -A5- See also xilofN. a subst. from A_ixolaAfN, (S, Msb, K,) relating to a promise, and restricted to future time; (Msb;) i. e. a subst. used in the place of A_ixolaAfN; (Lh, TA;) meaning The breach, or non-fulfilment, of a promise; as also ↓ xulufN, which is said to be the original form of the word, and ↓ xuluwfN: (TA:) it is, in respect of the future, like ka*ibN in respect of the past: (S, K:) some say that it signifies a false, or wrong, saying; which is a meaning of ↓ xalofN, with fet-h, before mentioned: but perhaps these two words may be syn. dial. vars. (MF, TA.) ― -b2- Also, (Msb,) or ↓ xulofapN, and ↓ xilofapN, (K, TA,) Disagreement, difference, dissension, contrariety, contrariousness, or opposition, (Msb, K, * TA,) in opinions or the like, (Msb,) or in respect of friendship and amity, (TA in explanation of the second of these words,) or in natural disposition; (K;) as also ↓ xilafonapN (S, K) and ↓ xilafonaApN and ↓ xaAlifN and ↓ xaAlifapN. (K.) -A2- It is also pl. of xaliyfN, in its various senses. : see xilofapN, in the latter half of the paragraph, in seven places. ― -b2- Also, applied to a man, (Sgh,) i. q. lajuwjN [app. as meaning One who perseveres much in opposition or contention or the like]; (Sgh, K;) as also ↓ xaAlifapN. (TA.) -A2- Also a subst. from A_ixolaAfN meaning The act of drawing water; and so ↓ xilofapN: (A 'Obeyd, K: *) [whence the saying,] mino A^ayoni xilofatukumo Whence do ye draw water? (S, K.) -A3- The teat (Halamap) of the udder of the she-camel: (S, K:) and the two fore ones, and the two hinder ones: (S:) or the part of the udder upon which the milker lays hold: (TA:) or the extremity of the udder of the she-camel: (Msb, K:) or the hinder of the A^aTobaA=' [or teats]: (K:) or the udder itself; (Lth, TA;) [i. e.] it is, to the she-camel, (Msb, * K,) like the vadoY to the human being, (Msb,) or like the DaroE to the ewe or she-goat: (K:) or the xilof is of the camel and of the cloven-hoofed animal; and the TuboY, of the solid-hoofed animal and of the animal that has a claw: (Lh, TA:) the pl. [properly of pauc.] is A^axolaAfN (Msb, TA) and [of mult.] xuluwfN. (TA.) One says, dar~ato lahu A^axolaAfu Ald~unoyaA (tropical:) [The world yielded him abundance of its good things]. (TA.) -A4- The shortest of the ribs of the side; (S;) [and] so ↓ xalofN; (K;) likewise called DilaEN Alxilofi and Alxalofi; it is the furthest and thinnest of the ribs; (TA;) [i. e.] the xilof is that next to the belly, of the small ribs; their quSayoraY: (K: [see AlquSoraY:]) pl. of the former (S) [and] of the latter (K) xuluwfN. (S, K.) -A5- *aAtu xilofayoni: see xalofN, near the end of the paragraph. A substitute; a thing given, or received, or put, or done, instead of, in place of, or in exchange for, another thing. (A 'Obeyd, Th, S, Msb, K, TA.) You say, AijoEalo h`*aA xalofFA mino h`*aA Make thou this to be a substitute for this. (Msb.) And h`*aA xalafN mim~aA A^uxi*a laka This is a substitute for what has been taken to thee. (IB.) And fiY h`w^ulaA='i Alqawomi xalafN mim~ano maDaY In these people are such as supply the place of those who have gone. (TA.) And fiY fulaAnK xalafN mino fulaAnK [In such a one is a substitute for such a one]. (TA.) And huwa mino A^abiyhi xalafN He is a substitute for his father. (IB.) See also xalofN, in six places, in the former half of the paragraph. , applied to she-camels, i. q. maxaADN, i. e. Pregnant: n. un. with p: (S, K:) accord. to some, (TA,) the pl. of xalifapN, which signifies a pregnant camel, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or, as some say, one that has completed a year after bringing forth and has then been covered and has conceived, until she enters upon the term called Alt~aEo$iyr, (TA, [from-the time when her pregnancy has become manifest, (see qaAriHN and laAqiHN,)] is maxaADN, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) like as the pl. of AimoraA^apN is nisaA='N; (Msb, TA;) and sometimes xalifaAtN (Mgh, Msb, TA) and xilaAfN: (TA:) but xalifN occurs in the saying of the rájiz, maA laka tarogiyna walaA taroguwA Alxalifo [What aileth thee that thou utterest a grumbling cry, when the pregnant camels utter not that cry?]. (IB.) : see xulofapN. : see xulofN. : see the next paragraph, in two places. : see xulofN. ― -b2- Also A vice, a fault, or an imperfection: (K:) and badness, corruptness, vitiousness, or dishonesty: (TA:) and foolishness, or stupidity; or paucity, or want, of intellect or understanding; as also ↓ xalaAfapN [properly an inf. n., of xalufa, and before mentioned as such; (see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph;)] and idiocy. (K.) All of these meanings have been assigned to it in explanations of the saying, A^abiyEuka h`*aA AlEaboda waA^aboraA^u A_ilayoka mino xulofatihi [I sell to thee this slave, but I am irresponsible to thee for his vice, &c.]: or, accord. to IAar, the meaning is, xilaAfihi [his contrariousness]. (TA.) ― -b3- Also The last taste of food; (K;) as in the saying, A_in~ahu laTay~ibu Alxulofapi [Verily it is good, or sweet, in respect of the last taste]; (TA;) and so ↓ xalofapN: pl. xulafN: and it (xulofapN) signifies also loss of appetite for food, in consequence of disease: (so accord. to the CK:) [or,] accord. to some copies of the K, ↓ xalofapN has this latter signification; and so ↓ xulafN: accord. to other copies, xulafN is pl of xalofapN in this sense: but both these readings require consideration: what is found in the Lexicons is, xalafato nafosuhu Eani AlT~aEaAmi, aor. , inf. n. xuluwfN; meaning as explained above, in the latter half of the first paragraph. (TA.) a subst. signifying A mode, or manner, of coming after [or behind]; like qiEodapN signifying “ a mode, or manner, of sitting. ” (Msb.) ― -b2- See also xulofN. ― -b3- It signifies also Difference [of any kind]: (K, * TA:) or the coming and going of the night and the day; (S, K, * TA;) and likewise of wild animals. (K.) Hence the saying in the Kur [xxv. 63], wahuwa A@l~a*iY jaEala A@ll~ayola waA@ln~ahaAra xilofapF, (S, K, *) meaning *awaY xilofapK, (Bd,) i. e. [And He it is who hath made the night and the day] so that each replaces the other: or each follows the other: (K, * TA:) or so that he who is unable to accomplish a thing in the night may do it in the day, and the reverse. (Fr, L, K.) Zuheyr says, of wild animals, yamo$iyna xilofapF, meaning They go to and fro. (S, TA. [See Em p. 109.]) And one says, A^axa*atohu xilofapN, meaning He was taken with [an affection causing] a frequent going to and from the privy. (S, K.) [And hence,] xilofapN signifies also, A discharging of the bowels; or a purging and vomiting together; (K;) or a disordered state of the stomach arising from [unwholesome] food; (TA;) a looseness, or diarrhœa. (JK, TA.) ― -b4- See also xilofN. ― -b5- Also The bringing of camels to the watering-place in the evening, after the people have gone away. (L, K.) ― -b6- And A man's watching to see another, (A^ano yunaAZira in some copies of the K, and An yunaASira in other copies, being put for An yubaASiru, which is the right reading, agreeably with an explanation of Aixotalafa SaAHibahu, [for which see 3, near the middle of the paragraph,] TA,) and when he is absent from his family, going in to them, (K, TA,) or [rather], when he is absent from his wife, going in to her. (TA, after the explanation of the phrase above mentioned.) -A2- A thing that is suspended behind the rider; (JK, K;) such as is suspended behind the [kind of vehicle called] maHomil. (TA.) ― -b2- Remains of water in a trough or tank. (TA.) ― -b3- What remains, of food, between the teeth. (Lh, K.) ― -b4- A plant, or herbage, that comes forth after another plant, or other herbage, (S, Msb, K,) which has become dry, and broken in pieces: (S, TA:) or that comes forth not from rain, but by reason of the cold of the latter part of the night. (Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee, K. [See also rabolN.]) ― -b5- What the trees disclose in the beginning of the cold, (K, TA,) by reason of the [rain called] Safariy~ap [q. v.]: (TA:) or fruit that comes forth after other fruit: (K:) or fruit that comes forth after abundant fruit; (S, Mgh, TA;) this being termed the xilofap of trees: (S, Mgh:) or a growth of leaves after the falling away of other leaves: (K, * TA: duwna in the K is a mistake for baEoda: TA:) or leaves that come forth after the first leaves, in the [season called] Sayof. (Nh, TA.) ― -b6- What grows in the Sayof [or summer]; so says A 'Obeyd: (S, K:) or, (JK, Mgh, K,) as also ↓ xilofN, (K,) the herbage produced by the Syf, (JK, K,) or in the Syf, (Mgh,) after the springherbage has dried up. (JK, Mgh.) ― -b7- A produce of grape-vines after the grapes have turned black; the grapes being gathered while it is fresh and green, it then ripens: and so other fruits: or a new produce, by the vine, of fresh sour grapes. (K.) ― -b8- Grain that is sown (JK, * Mgh, K *) after the former has come to maturity: (Mgh, TA:) because taken as a substitute for wheat and barley: (K:) pl. xilafN. (Mgh.) ― -b9- A piece with which a garment is patched (K) when it is old and worn out. (TA.) ― -b10- A time after a time. (IAar, K.) -A3- Differing [one from another or others]; as also ↓ xilofN: (K:) it is applied in this sense to a people, or company of men: (AZ, S, K:) and to beasts, or horses or the like, as meaning differing (K, TA) in their colours and appearances: (TA:) and xilofataAni is applied to any two things that are different; (Ks, TA;) as also ↓ xilofaAni: (Ks, Msb, TA:) and xilofapN, (K,) or xilofataAni, (Ks, TA,) to any two colours that are combined [because different]. (Ks, K, TA.) AZ cites, as an ex., the saying [of a rájiz], saAqiyaAhumaA ↓ dalowaAYo xilofaAni [My two buckets are different, and their two suppliers with water]; (S, TA;) meaning that one of them [i. e. of the buckets] is ascending and full, and the other is descending and empty; or that one of them is new, and the other is old and worn out. (TA, in two places.) And one says of two children, or two male slaves; or two female slaves, that they are xilofataAni, (Ks, K,) and ↓ xilofaAni, (K,) applying to the male and the female, (TA,) meaning One tall and the other short: or one white and the other black. (Ks, K.) One says also, banuw fulaAnK xilofapN, meaning The children of such a one are half males and half females. (S.) And nitaAju fulaAnK xilofapN The offspring of the beasts of such a one are one year male and another year female. (JK, TA.) And ↓ waladato xilofayoni, said of ewe or goat, (K,) or of a camel, (L,) She brought forth one year a male and another year a female. (L, K.) The pl. [of ↓ xilofN] (K, TA) in all its senses (TA) is A^axolaAfN and xilafapN; (K, * TA;) the latter, [in the CK xilofapN,] like qiradapN as pl. of qirodN. (TA.) and xulofafN and xulofufapN and xulofafapN: see xaAlifN, in the latter half of the paragraph. ― -b2- A^um~u xulofufK (Sgh, K) and xulofafN Calamity, or misfortune: or the greatest calamity or misfortune. (K.) and xilafonaApN: see xulofN: ― -b2- and see also xaAlifN, in the middle of the paragraph. an inf. n. of 3 [q. v. passim]. (S, &c.) ― -b2- Also The contrary, or opposite, of a thing; syn. Did~N. (Msb in art. Dd. [Very often used in this sense.]) You say, AlAixotilaAfu xilaAfu AlAit~ifaAqi [i. e. AlAxtlAf is the contrary of AlAt~fAq] (TA.) -A2- Also, (S, Msb, K,) by the vulgar (O, Msb, TA) incorrectly pronounced with teshdeed (O, Msb, K, TA) and fet-h [to the x, i. e. xal~aAfN], (TA,) A well-known kind of tree; (S;) the [kind of tree called] SafoSaAf: (Msb:) or a species of the SfSAf, but not the SfSAf itself: (K:) [the salix Aegyptia of Linnæus; called by this name in the present day; and by some, improperly, baAnN, q. v.:] it abounds in the land of the Arabs; and is [also] called sawojarN [or sawoHarN]; and there are many varieties thereof; all of them soft and weak; (TA;) but it is seldom, or never, found in the desert: (Msb:) they assert that it is thus called because the torrent brings it from one locality to another, so that it grows in a place different from that of its origin; (AHn, Msb, K, * TA;) but this is not a valid assertion: (TA:) [it is a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with p. (Msb, TA.) suw~iyna mino xilaAfi, in the saying of the rájiz cited voce xuf~N, means Made of different trees: it does not mean of the tree called xilaAf; because this is seldom, or never, found in the desert. (S, TA.) ― -b2- Also The sleeve of a shirt. (IAar, K.) : see xulofN. -A2- It is also, as stated above, pl. of xalofN: (IB, K, TA:) ― -b2- and a pl. of xilofN. (TA.) : see xaliyfapN, in three places. ― -b2- Also One who holds back from the place, or time, of promise: and one who breaks a promise. (TA.) ― -b3- And A woman that has let down her hair behind her. (JK, O, K.) ― -b4- And A woman that has attained to the period of one day, or two days, after her having brought forth. (IAar.) [Perhaps from the signification next following.] ― -b5- A she-camel in the second day after her having brought forth: pl. xulufN and xulofN: (K, TA:) these two pls. are mentioned in the K in different places in this art., but both are correct, like rusulN and rusolN. (TA.) Hence, (TA,) one says, rakibahaA yawoma xaliyfihaA [He rode her on the second day after she had brought forth]. (K.) ― -b6- And The milk that is after the biestings: (AA, K:) pl. as above. (K.) One says also, HalabahaA xaliyfa libay^ihaA He drew from her the milk that came after the biestings had passed away. (JK.) And AiytinaA bilabani naAqatika yawoma xaliyfihaA, i. e. [Bring thou to us the milk of thy she-camel of the day] after the cessation of her biestings; i. e., of the milking that is after her bringing forth by a day or two days. (AA, TA.) -A2- Applied to a garment, (S, K,) or a shirt, (Msb,) Having the middle, wornout part taken out, and the [cut] edges then sewed together: (S, Msb, K *:) and ↓ maxoluwfN signifies the same; (JK;) or a garment composed of two pieces sewed together: or, as some say, this signifies a garment pledged. (TA.) -A3- Also, accord. to A 'Obeyd, The part beneath the armpit: and the xaliyfaAni of the camel are like the A_iboTaAni of man: accord. to the S and the O, xaliyfaA Aln~aAqapi signifies the two armpits of the she-camel (A_iboTaAhaA): but the author of the K, following the [first] explanation given by A 'Obeyd, says that this is wrong, and that the meaning is the parts beneath the two armpits of the she-camel. (TA.) -A4- And A gap between two mountains, (JK,) or between two mountain-tops, (TA,) of little breadth and length: (JK, TA:) or a road between two mountains: (S, K:) or a valley between two mountains: (K:) or a place where water pours forth (K, TA) between two mountains, or between two valleys, passing thence into a wide tract: (TA:) and any road in a mountain, (Skr, K,) or behind a mountain, or behind a valley: (TA:) or simply a road; as also ↓ maxolafapN; (JK, K;) this being either in a plain or in a mountain: (TA:) pl. of the former as above. (K.) One says *iyxu Alxaliyfi i. e. [The hairy male hyena] of the road between two mountains, (S, K,) or of the valley between two mountains; (K) like as one says *iy^obu gaDFA. (S.) -A5- And A sharp arrow: (AHn, K:) or, accord. to Skr, the word in this sense is HaliyfN, with the unpointed H; and this is more probably correct. (TA.) : see xulofapN. inf. n. of xalafahu as meaning “ he was, or became, his xaliyfap ” [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) ― -b2- [And hence, as a simple subst., The office of xaliyfap.] A successor: and a vice-agent, vice- gerent, lieutenant, substitute, proxy, or deputy: (KL:) one who has been made, or appointed, to take the place of him who has been before him: (JK:) an act. part. n. of xalafahu, inf. n. xalafN and xilaAfapN; as also ↓ xaliyfN: (TA:) or it may have the meaning of an act. part. n. or that of a pass. part. n.: and so in the sense next following: (Msb:) the supreme, or greatest, ruler or sovereign, (S, Msb, K, TA,) who supplies the place of him who has been before him; (TA;) [particularly the successor of the Prophet; whence “ Caliph, ” commonly used by English writers for “ Khaleefeh; ”] as also ↓ xaliyfN, (K,) which is the original form, (Msb,) without p; (Msb, TA;) disapproved by some, but mentioned by AHát and Ibn-' Abbád and IB, and occurring in a verse of Ows Ibn-Hajar cited by IB: (TA:) the p in the former is to denote intensiveness of signification, (Nh, Msb, TA,) as in Eal~aAmapN and nas~aAbapN: (Msb:) or, as some say, liln~aqoli [i. e. for the transference of the word from the category of epithets to that of substs.]: (TA:) it is also said that the word may be an epithet of which the subst. qualified thereby is suppressed, for nafosN xaliyfapN; but this requires consideration: (MF, TA:) it is an epithet applied to a man peculiarly: (Msb:) some make it fem.; (Fr, S, Msb, K;) saying h`*aA xaliyfapN A^uxoraY [This is another Khaleefeh]; though the proper way is to make it masc.: (Msb:) a poet says, A^abuwka xaliyfapN waladatohu A^uxoraY waA^anota xaliyfapN *aAka AlkamaAlu [Thy father was a Khaleefeh, whom another Khaleefeh begat; and thou art a Khaleefeh: that is perfection]: (Fr, S:) the pl. is xalaAy^ifu [generally applied to any people that have succeeded others, and supplied their places, as in the Kur x. 15], (S, K,) like as karaAy^imu is pl. of kariymapN; (S;) and xulafaA='u [generally applied to successors of the Prophet], (S, K,) because, as it applies only to the male, and has p added, the p is dropped in forming the pl., which is thus like ZurafaA='u as pl. of ZariyfN: (S:) thus says ISk, and the like is said in the O: but what AHát and Ibn-'Abbád say requires not this straining: (TA:) [i. e.] xalaAy^ifu is pl. of xaliyfapN; and xulafaA='u, of ↓ xaliyfN: (JK:) or some, having regard to the original, make the pl. to be xulafaA='u, like as $urafaA='u is pl. of $ariyfN; (Msb;) and this pl. is masc. only, so that you say valaAvapN xulafaA='a: (ISk, Msb, TA:) and some, having regard to the word itself [in its altered and used state], make the pl. to be xalaAy^ifu; (Msb;) and this pl. may have prefixed to it either a masc. or a fem. n. of number, so that you say valaAvapN xalaAy^ifa and valaAvu xalaAy^ifa; (ISk, Msb, TA;) both of which are chaste. (Msb.) You say, kaAna A@ll~`hu xaliyfapa waAlidika Ealayoka [May God be to thee a supplier of the place of thy father]: (S, Msb: *) and in like manner you say, to a person, of any one whom he has lost by death, (S, Msb,) and who cannot be replaced; as the paternal uncle; (Msb;) or the mother. (K.) Some say that the application of the title xaliyfapu A@ll~`hi [The Vicegerent of God] is not allowable, except to Adam and David because there is express authority in these instances [in the Kur ii. 28 and xxxviii. 25]; but others allow it in other cases, like suloTaAnu A@ll~`hi and junuwdu A@ll~`hi and Hizobu A@ll~`hi and xayolu A@ll~`hi; all of which have been heard: (Msb:) and Zj says that it is allowable to say of the Imáms that they are xulafaA='u A@ll~`hi fiY A^aroDihi [The Vicegerents of God in his earth]. (TA.) : see the middle of the next paragraph. : see xalofN, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b2- Also One who remains behind, or after, another, (Yz, K, TA,) or others, in the case of a war, or a warring and plundering expedition, and in other cases: (TA:) pl. xaAlifuwna (Yz, K, TA) and xawaAlifu, which latter is extr. [in this case], but is also said to be a [reg.] pl. of ↓ xaAlifapN, and as such to signify persons who do not go forth on a warring, or warring and plundering, expedition: and AlgaAziY ↓ xaAlifapu signifies he who remains behind, or after, him who goes forth on such an expedition, being of his family. (TA.) faA@qoEuduwA maEa AlxaAlifiyna, in the Kur [ix. 84], means Then stay ye with those who remain behind. (Yz, K. *) xawaAlifu is also pl. of ↓ xaAlifapN [as fem. of xaAlifN], (TA,) and signifies Women (K, TA) remaining behind in the houses or tents: but some assign to it the first of the meanings explained above: and some say that it means the children remaining behind. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [ix. 88 and 94], ↓ raDuwA biA^ano yakuwnuwA maEa AlxawaAlifi, i. e. [They chose to be] with the women: (S, K: *) thus it is explained by Ibn-'Arafeh: but some say that the meaning is, with the bad, or corrupt, persons; and that xwAlf is here a pl. [of xaAlifN,] like fawaArisu. (TA.) For ― -b3- xaAlifN is applied to a man [as meaning Bad, or corrupt]; and ↓ xaAlifapN to a woman as meaning bad, or corrupt, and remaining behind in her abode: and the former to a slave as meaning bad, or corrupt: and also contrarious: and in this last sense it is likewise applied to a companion: and some of the grammarians say that there is no word of the measure faAEilN having its pl. of the measure fawaAEilu, except xaAlifN and haAlikN and faArisN: but see this last: (TA:) and ↓ xil~iyfapN, also, has this last signification; (JK, TA;) or [rather] signifies very contrarious; (K;) as also ↓ xaAlifapN; (JK;) and so ↓ xilafonapN, and ↓ xilafonaApN, (Lh, JK, K,) in each of which the n is augmentative, and each of which is applied to a man and to a woman and to a pl. number; (Lh, K;) but xilafonayaAtN has been mentioned as pl. [of xlfnAp], and as applied to males and females: (TA:) and xaAlifuwna is likewise used in this sense applied to a number of men. (JK.) ― -b4- Also, applied to a slave, [and app. to any man, but in this latter case I find it written xlf, which I believe to be a mistranscription,] One who has withdrawn from the people of his house: so says Lh. (TA.) ― -b5- Also Stupid; foolish; or having little, or no, intellect or understanding; as also ↓ xaAlifapN, (K, TA,) but in an intensive sense, and also applied to a woman; (TA;) and ↓ A^axolafu, (JK, K,) of which the fem. is xalofaA='u; (JK, TA;) and ↓ xulofufN, (K,) or ↓ xulofafN, (L,) or both, (JK,) likewise applied to a woman, as also ↓ xulofufapN, (K,) or ↓ xulofafapN: (JK:) or, as some say, xaAlifN signifies one in whom is no good: and, as also ↓ xaAlifapN, one who has not what suffices: or who often breaks his promises: (TA:) or both of these mean one who has not what suffices, and in whom is no good: or very contrarious. (JM.) One says that a man is A^aholi bayotihi ↓ xaAlifapu and xaAlifu, Ahl byth, meaning The one in whom is no good, of the people of his house: (S, K:) and the ungenerous: (K:) or the stupid, or foolish: or the bad, or corrupt, and the evil: and it is [said to be] tropical. (TA.) And ↓ qawomN xawaAlifN Persons in whom is no good. (JK.) ― -b6- And, [app. because he leaves his family behind him,] A drawer of water; (S, TA;) as also ↓ musotaxolifN [q. v.]: both mentioned in the K; but Als~aq~aA='u is there erroneously put for AlmusotaqiY. (TA.) ― -b7- And Weak, without appetite for food. (TA.) ― -b8- And Flesh-meat from which a slight smell is perceived, but in the chewing of which is no harm. (Lth, TA.) -A2- See also xulofN. : see xalofN, in the former half of the paragraph. Also, particularly, [or perhaps A^um~apN xaAlifapN only in this sense,] A nation, people, or race, remaining after another that has gone before. (I 'Abbád, K.) And One who comes to the water after him who has returned [from it]: whence Aboo-Bekr applied this appellation to himself, from a motive of humility, when asked if he were the Khaleefeh of the Apostle of God. (IAth, TA.) See also xaAlifN, in eight places: and see its pl., xawaAlifu, in the same paragraph, in two places. ― -b2- Also, applied to a man, [like xil~iyfapN as explained in the K,] Very contrarious, or adverse, and inimical. (S, * K, * TA.) See also xilofN. ― -b3- maA A^adoriY A^aY~u xaAlifapa huwa, the word xAlfp being here imperfectly decl., (S, K,) because of the fem. gender and determinate, being explained by Aln~aAsi, (S,) or because determinate and occupying the place of a pl., like as one says A^aY~u tamiyma and A^aY~u A^asada, [or rather, I think, because used as a proper name, as MF, says, (though SM disputes this,) and with the sign of the fem. gender,] means I know not what one of mankind he is; (S, K;) as also A^aY~u xaAlifapK, perfectly decl.; and A^aY~u AlxaAlifapi; and A^aY~u AlxawaAlifi; (K;) and so A^aY~u xaAfiyapa; (K, TA, [in the CK AY~ xaAlifapK again,]) imperfectly decl. (TA.) Lh says that AlxaAlifapu, writing it thus with Al, signifies Aln~aAsu. (TA.) -A2- Also One of the poles of a [tent of the kind called] xibaA=': or one of the poles of a bayot [or tent] in the hinder part thereof: (K:) Lh says that the xaAlifap is the hinder part, or in the hinder part, (Aaxr, [i. e. A=xiru or A=xira, app. the latter,]) of a bayot; and one says bayotN *uw xaAlifatayoni [app. meaning a tent having two poles in its hinder part]: (TA:) the pl. is xawaAlifu: (S, TA:) which is hence applied to the angles, or corners, of a bayot: AZ says that the xaAlifap of a byt is [app. the shirt thereof,] beneath the [ropes called] A^aTonaAb, in the [part called] kisor [q. v.]; and it is also called the xyASp, and the frjp: [thus I find these two words written, without any syll. signs:] and he cites, as an ex., maA xifotu Hat~aY hatakuwA AlxawaAlifa [app. meaning And I feared not until they rent open the skirts of the tent, or tents]: (TA:) or, as some say, the xaAlifataAni are the two sides of a tent, and its riwaAq is its fore part, and its kifaA=' is its hinder part. (TA in art. rwq.) ― -b2- xawaAlifu, (Yz, K,) or xawaAlifu mina AlA^aroDi, (TA,) Lands that produce not plants, or herbage, save among the last of lands. (Yz, K, * TA.) -A3- See also xulofN. : see xaAlifN, in the latter half of the paragraph. ― -b2- Also Contrarious, hard in disposition, as though going with a leaning towards one side: (K:) and [simply] leaning towards one side; applied to a camel: (S, K:) so says A'Obeyd; (S, TA;) and so As. (TA.) ― -b3- Also A camel that has the sheath of his penis slit, and that will not remain stationary, by reason of pain: (TA:) and ↓ maxoluwfN signifies a camel having the sheath of his penis slit in the hinder part, (JK, TA,) when suffering suppression of his urine in consequence of the pressure of his hind girth upon his sheath: so says El-Fezáree. (TA.) ― -b4- And Left-handed. (JK, K.) ― -b5- And Squinteyed; syn. A^aHowalu. (K.) ― -b6- Accord. to some, (TA,) A torrent: (K, TA:) or, as some say, a river. (Skr, TA.) ― -b7- And A male serpent. (Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) [All these meanings seem to have been assigned to the word as occurring in a verse of Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee, in which he likens the course of a wolf in a narrow road to the course of the A^axolaf.] -A2- [Also More, and most, wont to break promises. Hence the prov., mentioned by Meyd, A^axolafu mino EuroquwbK More wont to break promises than 'Orkoob: a certain man who rendered himself notorious for breaking his promises. See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 454. ― -b2- And More, and most, disagreeing, differing, dissentient, contrary, contrarious, or opposing. See an ex. in a prov. cited voce viylN. ― -b3- And app. More, and most, offensive in the odour of the mouth. See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ubi suprà.] Different colours. (TA.) : see maxolafapN. A camel that has exceeded in age the baAzil; [which latter is generally one that has entered the ninth year;] (S, M, K;) beyond which there is no age [having an epithet to denote it]; therefore, (TA,) one says muxolifu EaAmK and muxolifu EaAmayoni [that has exceeded in age the bAzl by a year and by two years]; (S, TA; [see 4;]) applied alike to the male and the female; (S, K;) and the female is also termed muxolafapN: (K:) or this latter signifies (tropical:) a she-camel that appears, (S, K,) or is thought, (A,) to be pregnant, and is not pregnant: (S, A, K:) and the pl. is maxaAliyfu. (TA.) ― -b2- See also mixolaAfN. ― -b3- Also A man whose cattle have not obtained the [herbage termed] rabiyE. (JK.) ― -b4- rajulN muxolifN mutolifN, or ↓ mixolafN mitolafN, and mitolaAfN ↓ mixolaAfN: see art. tlf. ― -b5- nawomapu AlD~uHaY muxolifapN lilofami, (K, TA,) also written ↓ maxolafapN, and in some copies nawomu AlD~uHaY, [which requires the reading maxolafapN,] (TA,) i. e. [The sleep, or sleeping, in the period of the morning when the sun is yet low is] a cause of the mouth's becoming altered [for the worse] in odour. (K, TA.) ― -b6- muxolifu janobK Having one half of his face and of his mouth turning sideways. (JK.) ― -b7- See also the explanation of the verse of El- Hoteiäh cited in the last quarter of the first paragraph. The qaTaA are termed muxolifaAtN because they draw water for their young ones. (JK.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see muxolifN. -A2- See also xaliyfN, near the end of the paragraph. ↓ Almaxolafu [as a coll. gen. n.] signifies The roads along which the people pass in Minè; (K) which are three: one says, AuTolabohu biAlmaxolafapi AlwusoTaY mino minFY [Seek thou him in the middle road of Minè]. (TA.) And maxolafapN baniY fulaAnK The place of alighting, or descending and stopping or sojourning or abiding or lodging or settling, of the sons of such a one. (K, * TA.) And maxolafapu minFY The place of alighting, or descending and stopping &c., of the people in Minè. (K.) -A3- A place in which are trees of the kind called xilaAf. (S, K.) The ruler, or sovereign, (suloTaAn,) of the country; as also ↓ mixolaAfuhu. (TA.) A man who often breaks his promises; (S, K;) as also ↓ muxolifN: (TA:) [whence the latter (which properly signifies simply breaking a promise) is applied to a star, or an asterism, as meaning (tropical:) Unattended with rain: (see 4:) and in the same sense to clouds (saHaAb): or, accord. to Freytag's Lex., in this or in the contr. sense.] ― -b2- See also muxolifN. ― -b3- And see maxolafaAn. -A2- Also A kuwrap [i. e. province, district, or region] (S, Mgh, Msb) pertaining to the people of El-Yemen, (S,) or in the dial. of El-Yemen; (Mgh, Msb;) pl. maxaAliyfu; (S, Msb;) every mxlAf thereof having a [distinctive] name whereby it is known; (S;) the mxAlyf of the people of El-Yemen being like the A^ajonad of the people of Syria and the kuwar of the people of El-'Irák and the rasaAtiyq of the people of El-Jibál and the TasaAsiyj of the people of El-Ahwáz: (IB:) or mixolaAfN signifies a kuwrap (JK, M, K) to which a man comes; (M;) [in any country;] and hence the mxAlyf of ElYemen, (K,) i. e. its kuwar: (TA:) some say that there is a mxlAf in every country; (Msb;) so says Khálid Ibn-Jembeh; (TA;) i. e. a naAHiyap [as meaning a district &c.]; (Msb;) and thus one says the mxlAf of El-Medeeneh, and of ElYemámeh, (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, TA,) and the mxAlyf of Et-Táïf: (AA, Msb, TA:) but properly it is peculiar to the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) ― -b2- Also i. q. bnkrd [a foreign word, and perhaps mistranscribed], i. e. The poor-rate of any particular people or party, which is given by them to [the poor of] their own community: so says Aboo-Mo'ádh: (L:) and ↓ maxaAlifu [is its pl., as also, app., maxaAliyfu, agreeably with rule, and] signifies the poor-rates of the Arabs; (JK, TA;) [as in the saying,] AusotuEomila fulaAnN EalaY maxaAlifi baniY fulaAnK [Such a one was employed as collector of the poor-rates of the sons of such a one]. (JK.) : see xaliyfN: ― -b2- and A^axolafu. -A2- Also A man affected with a looseness, or diarrhœa. (JK, TA.) : see mixolaAfN, last sentence. : pl. of mixolaAfN. (S, Msb, K, &c.) -A2- Also Camels that have pastured upon fresh herbs, or leguminous plants, and have not fed upon dry herbage, and to which their pasturing upon the former has been of no avail. (IAar, TA.) [Discordant speech;] speech expressing different opinions. (Bd and Jel in li. 8.) ― -b2- [TuruqN muxotalifapN Roads leading in different directions.] : see xaAlifN, near the end of the paragraph. ― -b2- *ahaba Almusotaxolifuwna yasotaquwna a saying mentioned by Lh as meaning Those going before [or leaving others in their places] went away to draw water. (TA.) xlq signifies The act of measuring; or determining the measure, proportion, or the like, of a thing; and the making a thing by measure, or according to the measure of another thing; or proportioning a thing to another thing; syn. taqodiyrN: (S, Msb, K, TA, and Bd in ii. 19:) this is the primary meaning. (Msb, TA, and Bd ubi suprà.) You say, xalaqa AlA^adiymi, (S, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, TA,) inf. n. xaloqN (JK, S, Msb, K) and xaloqapN, (K,) He measured, or proportioned, (qad~ara,) the hide, and sewed it: (K:) or he measured, or proportioned, (qd~r,) the hide, (JK, S, Msb, K,) limaA yuriydu [for, or to, that which he desired to make of it], (JK, * TA,) or lils~iqaA='i [for, or to, the skin for water or milk that he desired to make], (Msb,) before cutting it; (S, K, TA;) he measured it (qaAsahu) to cut from it a water-bag, or a water-skin, or a boot: (TA:) and in like manner, xalaqa Aln~iTaEa he measured, &c., the nTE [q. v.]: when one cuts it, one says, faraAhu. (K.) And xalaqa Aln~aEola He determined the measure of the sandal, or proportioned it; (qad~arahaA;) and made it by measure. (Ksh and Bd in ii. 19.) Hence the saying of Zuheyr, (S,) praising Herim Ibn-Sinán, (TA,) walaA^anota taforiY maA xalaqota wabaEo Du Alqawomi yaxoluqu vum~a laA yaforiY In the preceding quotation, the final character of the first line and initial character of the second are missing in the original text.[(assumed tropical:) And thou indeed cuttest what thou hast measured; but some of the people measure, then will not cut]: (S, TA:) i. e., when thou determinest upon a thing thou executest it; but others determine upon that which they do not execute. (TA.) And El-Hajjáj said, maA xalaqotu A_il~aA qarayotu waEadotu A_il~aA wafayotu [(assumed tropical:) I have not measured unless I have afterwards cut, and I have not promised unless I have afterwards performed]. (S.) A^axoluqu lakumo mina AlT~iyni kahayoy^api AlT~ayori, in the Kur iii. 43, means I will form for you, (Jel,) or I will make according to its proper measure (A^uqad~iru) for you, (Ksh, Bd,) and will form, (Bd,) of clay, a thing like the form of the bird, or of birds. (Ksh, Bd, Jel.) ― -b2- [Hence,] it signifies also The bringing a thing into existence according to a certain measure, or proportion, and so as to make it equal [to another thing], or uniform [therewith]: (Ksh and Bd in ii. 19:) or the originating, or producing, [a thing] after a pattern, or model, which one has devised, not after the similitude of anything preexisting: this is another meaning which it has in the [classical] language of the Arabs. (TA.) As the act of God, it signifies The originating, or bringing into being or existence, anything, not after the similitude of anything pre-existing: (TA:) [and the creating a thing; and thus it is generally best rendered; as meaning the bringing into existence from a state of non-existence: for] xalaqa A@ll~`hu Al$~aYo'a, inf. n. xaloqN, means God brought the thing into existence (Mgh, * TA) after it had not been: (TA:) [or xaloqN, as the act of God, signifies the creating out of nothing: for it is said that] A^uEobuduwA rab~akumu A@l~a*iY xalaqakumo, in the Kur ii. 19, means [Serve ye your Lord] who brought you into existence when ye were nothing. (Jel. [But in other passages of the Kur (vi. 2 &c.) it is said that God created (xalaqa) mankind of clay.]) Accord. to the A, xalaqa A@ll~`hu Alxaloqa is a tropical phrase, meaning (tropical:) God brought into existence the creation, or created beings, or mankind, according to a predetermination (taqodiyr) required by wisdom. (TA.) You say, h`*ihi xaliyqatuhu Al~atiY xuliqa EalayohaA and xuliqahaA and Al~atiY xuliqa: see xuluqN. (Lh.) ― -b3- [Hence, also,] xalaqa, (S, Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. xaloqN, (TA,) (tropical:) He fabricated speech, or a saying or sentence, &c.: (K, * TA:) (tropical:) he forged (S, Msb, K, TA) a saying, (Msb,) or a lie, or a falsehood; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ Axtlq (S, Msb, K) and ↓ txl~q. (S, K.) The Arabs say, Had~avanaA fulaAnN biA^aHaAdiyvi Alxaloqi (tropical:) Such a one related to us fictitious tales or stories, such as are deemed pretty, or such as are told by night [for entertainment]. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [xxvi. 137], accord. to one reading, A_ino h`*aA A_il~aA xaloqu AlA^aw~aliyna, meaning (tropical:) This is nought but the lying, and forging, of the ancients. (TA.) And in the same [xxxviii. 6], ↓ A_ino h`*aA A_il~aA A@xotilaAqN (tropical:) This is nought but forging, and lying. (TA.) ― -b4- xalaqahu, (K,) inf. n. xaloqN, (TA,) also signifies He made it smooth; (K;) and so ↓ xl~qhu; namely, an arrow, (S,) [and any other thing; for] of anything that has been made smooth one says, xul~iqa: (TA:) he made it equable, or even; namely, wood, or a stick; and so ↓ xl~qhu, (K,) inf. n. taxoliyqN. (TA.) -A2- xaluqato, inf. n. xalaAqapN, said of a woman, (JK, K,) She had [a goodly] body and make: (JK:) or she was, or became, goodly in make, or well made. (K. [In the CK, instead of Hasuna xaloquhaA, is put Hasuna xuluquhA, meaning She was, or became, good in nature, &c.]) ― -b2- And xaliqa, aor. , (JK, K,) inf. n. xalaqN; (JK, S; *) and xaluqa, aor. , (K,) inf. n. xuluwqapN (TA) [and xalaAqapN, and perhaps xuloqapN q. v. infrà]; It (a thing) was, or became, smooth, (JK, K, TA,) and equable, or even. (TA.) [See also 12. And it seems that one says, xaliqati AlS~axorapu, inf. n. xalaqN, q. v. infrà, meaning The rock was free from crack or fracture.] ― -b3- And xaluqa, (JK, S, Msb, K,) aor. ; (K;) and xaliqa, aor. ; and xalaqa, aor. ; (K;) inf. n. (of the first, JK, S) xuluwqapN (JK, S, K) and xalaAqapN (JK, TA) and [of the second] xalaqN (K) and [of the third] xuluwqN; (JK, TA;) It (a garment) was, or became, old, and worn out; as also ↓ Axlq, (JK, S, Msb,) inf. n. A_ixolaAqN; (JK, TA;) and ↓ Axlwlq. (TA.) [Hence,] diybaAjuhu ↓ Axlq [lit.] His face became worn out; meaning (tropical:) it became used for mean service [so that it lost its grace, or was disgraced,] by his begging. (Har p. 476. [See also 4 below.]) [Hence also,] $abaAbahu ↓ Axlq (assumed tropical:) His youth declined, or departed. (TA.) ― -b4- And xaluqa, (S, K,) aor. , (K,) inf. n. xalAqapN, (Ham p. 522,) He was, or became, xaliyq, i. e. jadiyr [meaning adapted or disposed by nature, apt, meet, &c.: see xaliyqN, below]. (S, K.) You say, xaluqa l*`lika [and bi*`lika (see xaliyqN) He was, or became, adapted, disposed, &c., for that]; as though he were one of those in whom that was reckoned to be, and in whom the symptoms, signs, or tokens, thereof were seen. (S.) [And xaluqa A^ano yafoEala *`lika and biA^ano yfEl *lk and liA^ano yfEl *lk and mano A^ano yfEl *lk He was, or became, adapted, &c., to do that: see xaliyqN. And xaluqa may signify also It was, or became, probable; or likely to happen or be, or to have happened or been: see, again, xaliyqN.] : see 1, latter half, in two places. -A2- Also, (S, K,) inf. n. taxoliyqN, (K,) He rubbed him over with xaluwq [q. v.]: (S:) or he perfumed him: (K:) or xl~qhu bixaluwqK he perfumed him with xlwq (TA.) And xal~aqotu AlmaroA^apa biAlxaluwqi [I perfumed the woman, or rubbed her over, with the xlwq]. (Msb.) And xal~aqato jisomahaA She (a woman) rubbed her body and limbs over with xlwq. (TA.) , (K,) inf. n. muxaAlaqapN, (TA,) He consorted [or comported himself] with them (K, TA) according to their natures, or moral characters or qualities; (TA;) or with good nature, or moral character or qualities: (K:) or xAlqhm bixuluqK HasanK has this latter meaning. (TA.) One says, xaAliSi Almuw^omina waxaAliqi AlfaAjira, (S,) or wxAlq AlkaAfira, (TA,) [Act thou with reciprocal sincerity towards the believer, and comport thyself with the vitious, or the unbeliever, according to his nature, &c. See also 3 in art. xlS, where a similar saying is mentioned.] : see 1, latter part, in three places. ― -b2- Also He had old and worn-out garments. (TA.) -A2- Axlqhu He wore it out; namely, a garment; the verb being trans. as well as intrans. (S, Msb, K.) [Hence,] Axlq Ald~ahoru Al$~aYo'a (assumed tropical:) Time wore out, or wasted, the thing. (TA.) [Hence also,] one says to the beggar, A^axolaqota wajohaka (tropical:) (TA) [lit. Thou hast worn out thy face;] meaning (tropical:) thou hast used thy face for mean service [so that it has lost its grace, or has become disgraced]: and in like manner one says, A^uxoliqu lahu diyabaAjatiY, i. e. wajohiY: and yuxoliqu diybaAjatayohi (tropical:) He uses his face for mean service by begging. (Har pp. 15 and 476.) ― -b2- Also, (K,) or Axlqhu vawobFA, (S,) He clad him with an old and worn-out garment. (S, K.) And AxlqinY vawobahu He gave me his old and worn-out garment. (JK.) And some say, Axlqhu xalaqFA He gave him an old and worn-out garment. (TA.) ― -b3- And A_ixolaAqN Alv~awobi also signifies The cutting out of the garment: whence the saying, to UmmKhálid, A^aboliY waA^axoliqiY [Wear out, and cut out new]; or, as some relate it, waA^axolifiY, i. e., “ and replace, ” which is the more likely. (TA.) -A3- maA A^axolaqahu and A^axoliqo bihi [have both of the following significations; though it is said that] the former signifies How likely is he, or it! (JK, TA;) and the latter, How well adapted or disposed, or how apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, competent, or proper, or how worthy, is he, or it! i. q. A^ajodiro bihi and A^aHori bihi. (TA. [See 4 in arts. jdr and HrY.]) see 1, a little after the middle of the paragraph. ― -b2- txl~q bigayori xuluqihi means He affected a xuluq [or nature, &c.,] that was not his own. (S, K.) And txl~q bika*aA He feigned such a thing, it not being in his nature, or not being created in him. (TA.) And txl~q liln~aAsi bimaA layosa mino nafosihi, occurring in a trad., [He affected, to men, a nature, &c., that did not belong to him; or] he pretended [to men] that there was in his nature fiY xuluqihi) that which was contrary to his real intention; (Mbr, TA;) or that which was contrary to what he had in his heart: the verb is similar to taSan~aEa and tajam~ala. (TA.) -A2- txl~q bihi; (S, K;) and txl~qt bh; (Msb;) He was, or became, rubbed over, (S,) or perfumed; (K;) and she was, or became, so; (Msb;) [or he rubbed himself over, or perfumed himself; and she did so;] with it; (S, Msb, K;) namely, with xaluwq. (S, Msb.) see 1, latter half, in two places. , said of the back (maton) of a horse, It was, or became, smooth; (K;) [like xaliqa and xaluqa; or very smooth; for] the verb is of a form intensive in signification. (TA. [See its part. n., maxolawoliqN, below.]) ― -b2- Said of a rasom [i. e. a trace, or a remain or relic marking the place of a house or the like and cleaving to the ground,] It was, or became, even with the ground. (S, K.) ― -b3- Axlwlq Als~aHaAbu The clouds became equable, or uniform, (JK, S, K, TA,) their sides becoming conjoined; or, as some say, they became smooth; (TA;) and, (K,) or as some say, (S, TA,) they became adapted, or disposed, to rain; (S, K, TA;) as though they were rendered smooth: or they became collected together after separation, and prepared to rain. (TA.) And Axlwlqt Als~amaA='uA^ano tamoTura The sky was near, and likely, to rain. (TA.) ― -b4- See also 1, latter part. inf. n. of xalaqa. (JK, S, Msb, K, &c.) You say rajulN taAm~u Alxaloqi [A man complete, or perfect, in respect of make, or proportion, &c.]. (S, K. * [See also xiloqapN.]) [In this and similar instances,] Alxaloq signifies The fashion of the outer man, and its [peculiar] qualities and attributes; like as Alxuluqu signifies “ the fashion of the inner man, ” &c. (TA.) ― -b2- Alxaloqu is also used in the sense of ↓ Almaxoluwqu [meaning What is created; the creature]: (TA, and Bd in xxiii. 17, &c.:) [and, collectively, the creation; as meaning the beings, or things, that are created;] all created things: (Bd ubi suprà, &c.:) and [particularly] mankind; as also ↓ Alxliyqapu: (S, * K:) and mankind and the jinn, or genii, and others: (Jel in lv. 9, &c.:) and ↓ Alxliyqapu and [its pl.] xalaAy^iqu signify the same: you say, humo xaliyqapu A@ll~`hi and also humo xalqu A@ll~`hi [They are the creatures of God]: Alxaloqu being originally an inf. n.: (S, TA:) and Lh mentions [an instance of its having a pl., in] the saying, laA waA@l~a*iY xalaqa Alxuluwqa maA faEalotu ka*aA, meaning [No, by Him who created] all creatures, [I did not such a thing.] (TA.) In the saying, falayugay~irun~a xaloqa A@ll~`hi, in the Kur [iv. 118, lit. And they shall alter the creature of God], some say that castration is meant: (TA: [and Bd includes, with this, other unnatural actions:]) or the meaning is, the religion of God; (Bd, Jel, TA;) accord. to El-Hasan and Mujáhid. (TA.) And laA tabodiyla lixaloqi A@ll~`hi, in the Kur [xxx. 29], means, accord. to Katádeh, [There shall be no changing, or altering,] of the religion of God. (TA.) ― -b3- xaloqN also signifies Anything made smooth. (TA.) [See also muxal~aqN.] : see xuluqN, in four places. inf. n. of xaliqa: as such, signifying The being smooth [&c.]. (JK, S. *) [As such also,] in a rock, Freedom from crack or fracture. (S, K.) ― -b2- [And, as such,] The being old, and worn out. (K.) ― -b3- [Hence, used as an epithet,] Old, and worn out: (S, Msb, K:) [and as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; meaning an old and worn-out garment or piece of cloth:] pl. xuloqaAnN (S, K) and A^axolaAqN. (S, * K, * TA.) And [as an epithet] it is masc. and fem.; (S, K;) because it is originally an inf. n., the inf. n. of A^axolaqu meaning “ smooth, ” (S,) [or rather of xaliqa meaning “ it was, or became, old, and worn out; ” although it has pls.; and] IB mentions an instance of its dual, xalaqaAni: (TA:) Ks says, We have not heard them say, xalaqapN in any instance: (Lh, TA:) Fr says that it is without p [as a fem. epithet] because it was originally used as a prefixed noun; for one said, A^aEoTiniY xalaqa jub~atika and xalaqa EimaAmatika [lit. meaning Give thou to me what is old, and worn out, of thy jb~p and of thy turban]; but Ez-Zejjájee says that this is nought. (TA.) You say vawobN xalaqN [An old and worn-out garment or piece of cloth], and miloHafapN xalaqN [an old and worn-out outer wrapping garment]: (S:) also rum~apN xalaqN [an old and worn-out piece of rope]: and daArN xalaqN [an old and decayed house]: and jisomN xalaqN [an old and wasted body]. (TA.) One says also vawobN A^axolaAqN, meaning A garment, or piece of cloth, altogether, or wholly, old and worn out; (Fr, S, K;) every portion of it being xalaq; (Fr;) like as they said buromapN A^aEo$aArN &c.: (S:) and in like manner, mulaA='apN A^axolaAqN. (IAar.) And Ks mentions the saying, A^aSobaHato viyaAbuhumo xuloqaAnFA wa xalaquhumo jududFA [Their garments became old, and worn out; and their old and worn-out garments became replaced by new]; with the sing. [in the latter clause] in the place of the pl. xuloqaAn: (TA:) or jududFA may be here put for jadiydFA. (L in art. jd.) In the phrase ↓ miloHafapN xulayoqN [An outer wrapping garment that is a little, or somewhat, old, and worn out], the dim. is without p because it is [the dim. of] an epithet [applied without p to a fem. n.], and p is not affixed to the dims. of epithets [of this kind]: it is like nuSayufN dim. of naSafN an epithet applied to a woman. (S, K. * [See Lumsden's Arab. Gram. p. 623: but some of the grammarians consider these instances as anomalous.]) ― -b4- baAEahu biyEapa Alxalaqi, and bayoEa *iY Alxalaqi, the latter as used by a poet, [lit. He bought it, or sold it, (app. the former,) as one buys, or sells, the old and worn-out garment, like as we say “ dogcheap, ” and “ cheap as dirt ”], are phrases mentioned, but not explained, by IAar, who cites the following saying: A^aboligo fazaArapa A^an~iY qado $arayotu lahaA majoda AlHayaApi bisayofiY bayoEa *iY Alxalaqi [app. meaning Tell thou Fezárah that I have purchased for them life-long glory (lit. the glory of life), with my sword, as cheaply, i. e as easily, as one purchases the old and worn-out garment]. (TA.) ― -b5- saHaAbapN xalaqapN: see the next paragraph. [part. n. of xaliqa]. ― -b2- [Hence,] sHaAbapN xaliqapN A cloud in which is a sign, or trace, of rain; as also ↓ xaliyqapN: (S, K:) or a cloud giving hope of rain; as also ↓ xaloqaA='u; (JK;) both are said by IAar to signify the same: (TA:) and ↓ xalaqapN [alone, as a subst., or probably saHaAbapN xalaqapN,] a cloud that is equable, or uniform, giving hope of rain. (Aboo-Sa'eed, K.) (S, Msb, K) and ↓ xuloqN (S, K) A nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like; syn. sajiy~apN, (S, Msb, K, TA,) and TaboEN; (K, TA;) of which one is created: (TA:) and ↓ xiloqapN signifies [the same; i. e.] the fiTorapN [or nature, &c.,] (S, Msb, K, TA) of which a man is created; (TA;) like [xuluqN and] ↓ xuloqN: (K, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, xaloq:]) and ↓ xaliyqapN [also] signifies [the same; i. e.] the TabiyEap [or nature, &c.,] (S, K, TA) with which a man is created: (TA:) the proper signification of xuluqN is [the moral character; or] the fashion of the inner man; i. e. his mind, or soul, and its peculiar qualities and attributes; like as xaloqN signifies the “ fashion of the outer man, and its [peculiar] qualities and attributes: ” it signifies also custom or habit [as being a second nature]: (TA:) and, as also ↓ xuloqN, [which is merely a contraction thereof, and therefore identical with it in all its senses,] manliness; syn. muruwo'apN: and religion: (IAar, K:) the pl. is A^axolaAqN only: (TA:) [this is often used as signifying morals: and ethics:] and the pl. of ↓ xaliyqapN in the sense explained above [said in Har p. 193 to be that of xuluqN] is xalaAy^iqN. (S.) It is said in a trad., layosa $aYo'N fiY AlmiyzaAni A^avoqala mino Husoni Alxuluqi [Nothing is heavier in the balance in which good and evil will be weighed than goodness of the moral character, &c.] (TA.) And one says, EalayohaA ↓ Al~atiY xuliqa ↓ h`*ihi xaliyqatuhu and ↓ xuliqahaA and ↓ Al~atiY xuliqa This is his nature, &c., of which he was created. (Lh.) And ↓ A_in~ahu lakariymu Alxaliyqapi Verily he is generous in respect of nature, &c. (AZ.) And SaAra *`lika lahu xuluqFA That became to him [a second nature, a habit, or] a thing to which he was habituated. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxvi. 137], A_ino h`*aA A_il~aA xuluqu AlA^aw~aliyna This is nought but a custom of the ancients. (TA.) And in the same [lxviii. 4], wa A_in~aka laEalaY xuluqK EaZiymK And verily thou art of a great religion. (Jel, TA.) And in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, kaAna xuluquhu AlqaroA=na, meaning That whereto he clung was the Kur-án, with its rules of discipline and its command and its prohibitions, and the excellences and beauties and gracious things comprised in it. (TA.) ― -b2- nawomapu Alxulqi [i. e. Alxuluqi or ↓ Alxuloqi] The sleep of midday, which was prescribed by the Prophet. (Har p. 223. [See also HumoqN and xuroqN.]) Smoothness; (K, TA;) as also ↓ xuluwqapN and ↓ xalaAqapN: (K:) but the second of these three, correctly speaking, [as also the third, accord. to analogy, and perhaps the first also,] is an inf. n. of xaluqa. (TA.) [primarily signifies A mode, or manner, of xaloq, generally as meaning creation; a particular make: and hence,] constitution; syn. tarokiybN: (Mgh:) [and particularly the natural constitution of an animated being, as created in the womb of the mother; also termed fiTorapN:] see also xuluqN. You say rajulN Hasanu Alxiloqapi [A man goodly, or beautiful, in respect of make]. (A, TA.) fiY masolakK huwa xiloqapN means fiY TariyqK A^aSoliY~K ↓ xiloqiY~K [In a way, or road, that is natural, and original]. (Mgh.) : see xaliqN. Natural; not accidental: [constitutional: of, or relating to, or belonging to, the natural constitution of an animated being, as created in the womb of the mother:] rel. n. of xiloqapN. (Msb.) You say EayobN xiloqiY~N A natural fault or imperfection &c. (Msb.) And SifapN xiloqiy~apN [A natural quality]; opposed to A@xotiyaAriy~apN. (Msb in art. mdH.) See also xiloqapN. One who wears old and worn-out clothes. (TA.) A seller of old and worn-out clothes. (TA.) A share, or portion: (JK, S, Msb:) and a good, just, or righteous, share or portion: (JK:) or a full, a complete, or an abundant, share or portion of good, (K, TA,) and of goodness, or righteousness: (TA:) and religion: or a share, or portion, thereof. (TA.) One says, laA xalaAqa lahu fiY AlA=xirapi There is no share, or portion, [of good] for him in the final state of existence. (S. [See the Kur iii. 71, &c.]) And laA xalaAqa lahu He has no desire for good, nor righteousness in religion. (TA.) : see the next paragraph. A certain species of perfume; (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) also termed ↓ xilaAqN; (Lh, Msb, K;) accord. to some of the lawyers, (Msb,) fluid, (Mgh, Msb,) but of thick consistence; (L, voce naDoxN;) and in which is a yellowness: (Mgh, Msb:) it is composed of saffron and other things; and redness and yellowness are predominant in it: it is forbidden [to men], because it is of the perfumes of women, who use it more than do men. (TA.) , applied to a man, (S, TA,) Perfect, or complete, in make; (TA;) as also ↓ muxotalaqN: (Ham p. 561:) or perfect, or complete, in make, and just in proportion; (S, TA;) and so ↓ the latter; (S, K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, muxotaliq; in the TA expressly said to be of the pass. form;]) fem. of the former with p: (TA:) or ↓ both signify goodly, or beautiful, in make: or the former is not applied to a man; but ↓ each, with p, signifies a woman having [a goodly] body and make: (TA, in which this signification is said to be tropical:) and xaliyqN and xaliyqapN are alike, (JK, TA,) accord. to Lh, (TA,) in this last sense: (JK:) or the former of these two may be pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of the latter, like as $aEiyrN is of $aEiyrapN: (TA:) and ↓ muxotalaqN signifies anything just in proportion: (IF, TA:) ↓ muxal~aqN, also, signifies perfect, or complete, in make; applied to a camel (jml): (TA:) [or jml, here may be a mistranscription for Hamol; for] ↓ muDogapN muxal~aqapN signifies [a fœtus when it has become like a lump of flesh] perfect, or complete, in make; (Fr, S, K;) so in the Kur xxii. 5; (Fr, TA;) or of which the make has become apparent. (IAar, TA.) ― -b2- Also Adapted or disposed [by nature], apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, competent, or worthy; (KL, PS;) syn. jadiyrN (S, K) and HariY~N (TA) [and HaqiyqN &c.: pl. xulaqaA='u, and Freytag adds xuluqN]. You say, fulaAnN xaliyqN lika*aA, i. e. jadiyrN bihi [Such a one is adapted or disposed by nature, &c., for such a thing]; as though he were one of those in whom that was reckoned to be, and in whom the symptoms, signs, or tokens, thereof were seen. (S.) [And huwa xaliyqN liloxayori He is adapted or disposed by nature to good; i. e., to be, or to do, or to effect, or to produce, what is good.] And A_in~ahu laxaliyqN A^ano yafoEala *`lika and biA^ano yfEl *lk and liA^ano yfEl *lk and mno A^ano yfEl *lk [Verily he is adapted or disposed &c. for doing that; or worthy to do it]: so says Lh: and he adds that the Arabs say, yaA xaliyqu bi*`lika, using the nom. case; and yaA xaliyqFA bi*`lika, using the accus. case; [the latter being the usual form; both meaning O thou who art adapted or disposed &c. for that;] but ISd says, I know not the reason of this. (TA.) And li*aAka ↓ h`*aA maxolaqapN, i. e. majodarapN lahu [This is one that is adapted or disposed &c. for that]: (S, K: *) and laka ↓ h`*aA AlA^amoru maxolaqapN [This affair, or thing, is one that is adapted &c. for thee]: and mino *`lika ↓ A_in~ahu maxolaqapN [Verily it is adapted &c. for that]: like majodarapN and maHoraApN and maqomanapN: and in like manner one says of two, and of more than two, and of a feminine: so says Lh. (TA.) [↓ maxolaqapN properly signifies A place, and hence a thing, an affair, and a person, adapted or disposed &c.: it is of the same class as maEosaApN and maZin~apN and may^in~apN.] xaliyqN also signifies Habituated, or accustomed. (PS, TA. *) And one says, A_in~ahu laxaliyqN, i. e. laHariY~N, meaning Verily it is probable; or likely to happen or be, or to have happened or been. (TA.) And huwa xaliyqN lahu He, or it, is like to him, or it. (JK, TA.) ― -b3- saHaAbapN xaliyqapN: see xaliqN. ― -b4- [See also xaliyqapN, which, in several senses, is a fem. epithet used as a subst.] : see xalaqN (of which it is the dim.), in the latter half of the paragraph. : see xuloqapN. : see xuloqapN. : see xaloqN, in two places. ― -b2- Also The beasts, or brutes. (En-Nadr, K.) The saying, respecting the xawaArij [a sect of heretics, or schismatics], humo $ar~u Alxaloqi wa AlxaliyqapN is explained by En-Nadr as meaning [They are the worst of mankind and] of the beasts, or brutes. (TA.) ― -b3- And A well (biy^orN) just dug: (AA, K:) or a well in which is no water: or a hollow, cavity, pit, or hole, formed by nature in the ground: or a small hollow or cavity, in a mountain, in which water remains and stagnates: accord. to IAar, xlq [app. xuluqN, pl. of xaliyqapN, like as mudunN and SuHufN are pls. of madiynapN and SaHiyfapN,] signifies wells recently dug. (TA.) ― -b4- And Land (A^aroDN) that is dug. (TA.) ― -b5- See also xuluqN, in four places. [dim. of xaloqaA='u fem. of A^axolaqu]: see A^axolaqu, in three places. [pl. of xaliyqapN]. -A2- AlxalaAy^iqu i. q. HamaAy^iru AlmaA='i, i. e. Four large and smooth masses of stone at the head of the well, upon which the drawer of the water stands. (TA.) Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, HawoDN baAdiY AlxalaAy^iqi means [A watering-trough of which] the [stones termed] naSaAy^ib [appear]. (JK, TA. [See naSiybapN.]) : see A^axolaqu. : see the next paragraph. [act. part. n. of xalaqa:] A worker in leather and the like; (K, TA;) because he measures first, and then cuts. (TA.) To xaAliqaAt, meaning Women working in leather, as engaged in dividing a hide (A^adiym), El-Kumeyt likens genealogists. (TA.) ― -b2- AlxaAliqu, as an epithet applied to God, (K, Msb, TA,) properly, He who brings into existence according to the proper measure, or proportion, or adaptation; (TA;) [and hence, the Creator; or] the Originator, not after the similitude of anything pre-existing: (K:) or He who hath brought into existence all things after they had not been in existence: (Az, TA:) and ↓ Alxal~aAqu signifies the same; (Msb, * TA;) [i. e. the Creator of all things; or, as an intensive epithet, the Great Creator;] or the Creator of many creatures: (Ksh and Bd and Jel, in xxxvi. 81:) Az says that this epithet, with the article Al, may not be applied to any but God. (Msb.) Accord. to IAmb, tabaAraka A@ll~`hu A^aHosanu AlxaAliqiyna means AHsn Almuqad~ariyna [i. e. Blessed be God, the Best of those who make things according to their proper measures, or proportions, or adaptations]. (TA.) [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Smooth mountains: so in the saying of Lebeed, wa AlA^aroDu taHotahumo mihaAdFA raAsiyFA vabatato xawaAliquhaA biSum~i Aljanodala [And the earth beneath them a firm expanse; its smooth mountains being rendered fast by hard and solid stones]. (K, TA. [In the CK, bDam~i is erroneously put for biSum~i.]) Smooth: (JK, K:) smooth and solid; (S, K, TA;) applied in this sense to anything: (TA:) smooth and firm: (JK:) fem. xaloqaA='u. (JK, S, K.) You say HajarN A^axolaqu Stone that is smooth (K, TA) and solid, upon which nothing makes an impression. (TA.) And SaxorapN xaloqaA='u A rock, or great mass of stone, smooth (K, TA) and solid: (TA:) or free from crack and fracture. (S, K, TA.) And firosinN xaloqaA='u A camel's foot in which is no crack. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) And haDobapN xaloqaA='u [A hill, or the like,] destitute of herbage or vegetation. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Poor; syn. faqiyrN. (K.) You say rajulN A^axolaqu mina AlmaAli (assumed tropical:) A man destitute of property. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., layosa Alfaqiyra faqiyru AlmaAli A_in~amaA Alfaqiyru AlA^axolaqu Alkasobi, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [The poor in respect of property is not the poor the poor is only] he who has no good deeds for which he will be rewarded in the world to come. (TA, in two places.) ― -b3- AlA^axolaqu also signifies The exterior of a horse's hoof. (JK.) ― -b4- And xaloqaA='u, (JK, S, K,) applied to a woman, (JK, S,) Impervia coëunti; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ xul~aqN. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) ― -b5- See also xaliqN. ― -b6- And AlxaloqaA='u [used as a subst.] The sky; because of its smoothness and evenness. (TA.) ― -b7- And The side of a camel &c. (K.) One says also, Darabotu xaloqaA='a janobihi (K, TA [in the CK ElY xaloqaA'a janobihi]) I struck the outer part of his side. (TA.) ― -b8- And The interior (Lth, K, TA) and smooth part (Lth, TA,) of the gaAr, (K,) i. e., of [the upper part of the interior of the mouth, or] what is termed AlgaAru AlA^aEolaY; (Lth, TA;) as also ↓ AlxulayoqaA='u [the dim. of AlxaloqaA='u]: (Lth, K, TA:) or both signify what appears of the gAr: and the dim. form is that which is predominant in this case. (TA.) ― -b9- And The part of the forehead that is even (JK, K, TA) and smooth; (TA;) as also ↓ AlxulayoqaA='u. (JK, K, TA.) One says, suHibuwA EalaY xaloqaAwaAti jibaAhihimo [They were dragged along upon the even and smooth parts of their foreheads]. (TA [in which this is said to be tropical]) ― -b10- Alfarasi ↓ xulayoqaA='u That [part] of the horse which is like the Eironiyn [or upper part of the nose] of man; (S, K;) the part where the forehead of the horse meets the narrow portion of the bone of the nose: AO says that the xulayoqaAwaAni in the face of the horse are [the two parts] where his forehead meets the bone of his nose, on the right and left of the xulayoqaA=', sloping towards the eye; and the xulayoqaA=' is [the part] between the eyes; and some call it the xaloqaA='. (TA.) -A2- A_in~a A^axolaqa bika A^ano tafoEala ka*aA is a phrase mentioned by Ks, as meaning Verily the most apt, meet, suitable, fit, or proper, thing for thee to do is such a thing. (TA.) : see xaliyqN, in four places, in the latter half of the paragraph. : see xaliyqN, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b2- Also, applied to an arrow, Made smooth (S, K, TA) and even. (TA.) [See also xaloqN, last signification; and muxotalaqN.] [pass. part. n. of xalaqa. When used as a subst., signifying A creature, or created thing, its pl. is maxoluwqaAtN]. See xaloqN. ― -b2- qaSiydapN maxoluwqapN (tropical:) [An ode that is forged; or] ascribed to a person not its author. (S, K, * TA.) : see xaliyqN, first sentence, in five places. ― -b2- Also Made smooth. (TA.) [See also muxal~aqN.] ― -b3- And Generous in [nature, or] natural dispositions. (Ham p. 561.) ― -b4- muxotalaqN lilomuloki, in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh, means Created of a nature fitting for dominion: (S, TA:) and so liloA^aSoHaAbi [for companions]; as in a verse of Ibn-Ahmar. (TA.) Very smooth; its measure being one of those that denote intensiveness. (Ham p. 358.) xlnj a Persian word, arabicized, (S,) A kind of tree, (S, K,) of the wood of which vessels are made: (TA:) or any [bowl of the kinds called] jafonap and SaHofap, or other vessel, made of wood having variegated streaks: (L:) pl. xalaAniju. (S, K.) The word is mentioned [in the S and K in art. xlj; but] in the L and some other lexicons in a separate art., because all the letters of a word which is not Arabic are regarded as radical. (MF.) xlw , (S, Msb, K,) aor. yaxoluw, (S, Msb,) inf. n. xuluw~N, (S, Msb, K,) or xalaA='N, (Msb,) or both, (K,) said of a place, (K,) of a place of alighting or abode, (Msb,) and of a thing, (S, TA,) It was, or became, empty, vacant, void, devoid, destitute, or unoccupied; (K, TA;) had none, and nothing, in it; (TA;) as also ↓ AxlY, (Msb, K,) and ↓ AstxlY, (K.) [xalaA AlmakaAnu mina Aln~aAsu wa AlmaA='i waAlkalaA^ means The place was, or became, devoid, or destitute, of human beings and water and herbage or pasturage; without human beings &c.] Of a place of alighting or abode, you say, xalaA mino A^aholihi and ↓ AxlY [It was, or became, devoid, or destitute, of its occupants]. (Msb.) And of a vessel, xalaA mim~aA fiyhi It was, or became, empty of what was in it. (Mgh.) And xalawotu Eani AlT~aEaAmi (S) I became empty, in the belly, of food; (PS;) and Eanohu ↓ A^axolayotu signifies the same. (S.) And xalaA min AlEayobi, (Msb,) or Eani AlA^amori, and minohu, (Kudot;,) inf. n. xuluw~N, He was, or became, free (Msb, K) from fault, (Msb,) or from the thing, or affair: (K:) and, accord. to IAar, xlA alone signifies he was, or became, free from a fault, or the like, of which he was accused, or suspected. (TA.) And xalato Eano maAniEi Aln~ikaAHi, inf. n. xuluw~N, is said of a woman [as meaning She was, or became, free from any obstacle to marriage]. (Msb.) Accord. to the K, xalaA makaAnuhu [lit. His place became vacant] means (tropical:) he died: but accord. to IAar, xalaA alone has this signification [from the same verb signifying maDaY. explained below]: and if you add mkAnh, you say xal~aY, with teshdeed; which see below. (TA.) You say also, xalaA laka Al$~aYo'u and ↓ AxlY, both signifying the same, (AA, S, TA,) i. q. faraga [i. e. The thing was, or became, vacant, or unoccupied, for thee: (see an ex. of the former verb in a saying of Tarafeh cited voce jaw~N:) and hence, the thing was, or became, exclusively for thee]. (TA.) AA cites as an ex. the saying of Maan Ibn-Ows, A^aEaA*ilu halo yaA^otiY AlqabaAy^ila HaZ~uhaA lanA Almawotu waHodanaA ↓ mina Almawoti A^amo A^axolaY [O censurer, does their share of death come to the tribes in common, or is death exclusively for us alone?]. (S, TA.) See also the paragraph, below, commencing with xalaA as a word denoting exception. ― -b2- [Hence,] xalaA and ↓ AxlY, (S, K,) said of a man, (TA,) or the same two verbs followed by binafosihi, said of a man, (Msb,) both signify the same; (S;) He was, or became, [without any companion, i. e.] alone, by himself; (Msb;) or he became (waqaEa [q. v.]) in a vacant place, in which he was not pressed against, or straitened. (K.) And xalaA bihi, (S, Msb, K,) and A_ilayohi, (S, K,) and maEahu, (K,) inf. n. xalowapN (S, Msb, K) and xalaA='N (S, K) and xalowN, (K, TA,) or xuluw~N, (CK,) or the first of these, i. e. xalowapN, is a simple subst., and the second and third are the inf. ns.; (TA;) and bh ↓ AxlY, (Lh, K,) and ↓ AxlAhu, (S, K,) and bihi ↓ AstxlY; (K; [the last omitted in the CK;]) He was, or became, alone with him; (Msb;) he was, or became, in company with him, or he met him, or had a meeting or an interview with him, in a vacant place, or a place unoccupied [by others, i. e., in a private place]. (S, K.) In the saying in the Kur [ii. 13], waA_i*aA xalawoA A_ilaY $ayaATiynihimo, it is said that A_ilaY is used in the sense of maEa, [so that the meaning is And when they are alone with their devils,] as in that other saying in the Kur [iii. 45 and lxi. 14], mano A^anoSaAriY A_ilaY A@ll~`hu. (S.) A man says to another man, Auxolu maEiY Hat~aY A^ukal~imaka, i. e. Be [or come] thou alone with me [that I may speak to thee in private]. (TA.) And one says, xalaA bizawojatihi, inf. n. xalowapN, [but see what is said of this noun above,] He was, or became, alone with his wife: but [properly speaking, according to the law,] the term xalowapN [or xalowapN SaHiyHapN, in this case,] is not used unless it be with the enjoyment of AlmufaAxa*ap, [see 3 in art. fx*,] and then it has an effect upon the circumstances of the marriage [by its rendering obligatory the payment of the dowry, though consummation has not taken place]: if with consummation, the act is termed duxuwlN. (Msb.) You say also, ↓ A^axoli A^amoraka and biA^amorika Be thou alone in thine affair, with none to take part with thee in it; confine thyself to it exclusively of other things. (TA. [See also 5.]) And A_ilayoka ↓ A^axoli Keep thou to thine affair, and be alone in it, with none to take part with thee therein. (JK.) And AlbukaA='u ↓ AstxlY [app. for biAlbukaA='i] He was, or became, alone in weeping, with none to participate with him in it. (TA.) [And xalaA liloA^amori: see 5.] And xalaAEalaY baEoDi AlT~aEaAmi He restricted himself to a portion of the food. (K.) Temeem say, xalaA fulaAnN EalaY All~abani wa All~aHomi (JK, * TA) i. e. Such a one fed upon milk and flesh-meat alone; (JK;) or such a one ate not, nor mixed, anything with milk and flesh-meat: and Kináneh and Keys say ↓ A^axolaY. (Lh, JK, * TA.) [And it seems to be indicated in the T that xalawoA signifies They selected a she-camel for a xaliy~ap, q. v.: or i. q. taxal~awoA bixalay~ipK: see 5.] ― -b3- xalaA also ssignifies He devoted himself to religious services or exercises [app. in solitude, or seclusion, or in a xalowap; or because one generally does so in solitude; or because the doing so involves abstraction from other affairs]. (TA. [See also 5; and see musotaxolK.]) ― -b4- And xalaA bihi [sometimes] signifies (tropical:) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, him: (Lh, S, Z, K, TA:) said by Az to be strange, and not known by him or any other authority than that of Lh: (TA:) from the saying, xalaA fulaAnN biEiroDi fulaAnK yaEobavu bihi [Such a one occupied himself alone with the honour, or reputation, of such a one, making sport with it]. (Ksh in ii. 13.) And i. q. xaAdaEahu (tropical:) [He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; &c.: or he strove to do so]: (TA:) as also ↓ xAlAhu, (JK, and K in art. xlY,) inf. n. muxaAlaApN. (JK.) ― -b5- And xalaA Ealayohi He relied upon him; [as though he betook himself to him alone;] syn. AiEotamada. (TA.) ― -b6- And xalaA, (JK, K,) inf. n. xuluw~N, (TA,) or xalaA='N, (JK,) said of a man (JK) and of a thing, (JK, TA,) He, or it, went, went away, or passed away. (JK, K.) Hence, (TA,) wa A_ino mino A^um~apKA_il~aA xalaA fiyhaA na*iyrN, in the Kur [xxxv. 22], means [And there is not any people but a warner] hath gone, and hath been sent, among them. (S, TA.) [Hence also xalaA explained above as meaning He died.] And xalaA minohaA [an elliptical phrase] She became old; the greater part of her life passed. (TA from a trad.) And xalaAka *am~N [for xalaA Eanoka *am~N] Blame passed away from thee; or may blame pass away from thee. (Ksh and Bd in ii. 13.) You say, AifoEalo ka*aA wa xalaAka *am~N Do thou such a thing, and thou wilt have an excuse; [i. e.] blame will fall from thee. (S. [See art. *m.]) And xalaAhu AlHuzonu Grief passed away from him, and quitted him. (Har p. 590, from the Tekmileh.) ― -b7- xalaA Eani Al$~aYo'i: see 2. -A2- xalaA [or xalaY, probably belonging to art. xlY, though mentioned in the present art.,] He ate what was good, sweet, or pleasant. (TA.) , inf. n. taxoliyapN, [He left a place, &c., empty, vacant, void, devoid, destitute, or unoccupied.] Hence, xl~Y makaAnahu [He left his place vacant;] meaning (tropical:) he died: (TA, and so in Ham p. 478:) a meaning assigned in the K to ↓ xalaA makaAnuhu, and by IAar to xalaA alone, without tesh-deed; but when mkAnh is added, it is with teshdeed. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He went his way. (Ham p. 379.) And xl~Y sabiylahu [He left his way free, or open, to him]. (S, TA.) And xl~Y bayonahumaA [He left the way, or space, free between them two; meaning he left them two free, each to do to the other as he pleased]. (TA.) [And xl~Y bayonahu wabayona ka*aA He left him free access to such a thing.] And xl~Y bayonahu wa bayona nafosihi He left him, or it, alone; syn. A^ahomalahu. (S and O and K in art. hml.) [And xl~Ahu wafulaAnFA He left him to do as he pleased with such a one.] And xl~Y AlA^amora He left, left alone, or let alone, the thing, or affair; as also ↓ txl~Y minohu and Eanohu; and ↓ xAlAhu, (K, TA,) inf. n. xilaA='N. (TA.) For taxoliyapN signifies The leaving, and making a thing to be alone. (Har p. 123.) [xl~Ahu and xl~Y Eanohu both signify He left, or left alone, it, or him.] It is said in a trad., xl~Y Eanohumo A^arobaEiyna EaAmFA He (God) left them, or left them alone, and turned from them, forty years. (TA.) [And xl~Ahu lika*aA He made him, or left him, vacant, unoccupied, unemployed, or at leisure, for such a thing.] ― -b2- taxoliyapN also signifies The act of loosing; contr. of $ad~N. (IAar, K in art. AbD.) [Hence,] xl~Y Eani Al$~aYo'i, (JK, S, * TA,) in the K ↓ xalaA, without teshdeed, but this requires consideration, (TA,) He dismissed, loosed, let loose, or let go, the thing. (JK, K, TA.) ― -b3- [And hence xl~Ahu meaning He left it, permitted it, or allowed it: see the pass. part. n., below.] -A2- xul~iyato, said of a she-camel such as is termed xaliy~ap; and hence, of a cooking-pot: see 1 in art. xlY. He left, forsook, relinquished, abandoned, deserted, or quitted, him, being left, &c., by him; namely, another man; syn. taArakahu; (S;) inf. n. muxaAlaApN, syn. with muwaAdaEapN, (JK,) [and xilaA='N also: and he was, or became, distant, remote, far off, aloof, or apart, from him; for] xilaA='N is syn. with mubaAEadapN and mujaAnabapN (TA in art. xlA^) and furoqapN. (TA in the present art.) And xAlY AlA^amora, inf. n. xilaA='N: see 2. ― -b2- [Also He went, or came, out, or forth, to him, in the field; for] muxaAlaApN is also syn. with mubaArazapN. (Sh, TA.) ― -b3- Also, (Lth, JK, K,) inf. n. muxaAlaApN, (Lth, JK,) He wrestled with him, each endeavouring to throw down the other; contended with him in wrestling: (Lth, JK, K: mentioned in the K in art. xlY:) because, when one does so, he is alone with the other, so that neither of them seeks aid from any other. (Az, TA.) And in like manner the word muxaAlaApN is used [app. as meaning The act of contending with another, by oneself,] in relation to any affair, or case. (Lth, JK, TA. [See its act. part. n., below.]) ― -b4- See also 1, in the latter part of the paragraph. see 1, in eleven places. -A2- AxlY AlmakaAna, (S, K,) or Almanozila, (Msb,) He made the place, (K,) or the place of alighting or abode, (Msb,) empty, vacant, void, devoid, destitute, or unoccupied: (Msb, K:) or it signifies, (S, K,) or signifies also, (Msb,) he found it empty, &c. (S, Msb, K.) One says in praying for another that he may have a long life, laA A^axolaY A@ll~`hu makaAnaka [May God not make thy place vacant]. (TA.) ― -b2- AxlAhu maEahu [He made him, or found him, to be alone with him]. (K.) He went forth into the field, or open country, to satisfy a want of nature. (TA.) And txl~Y fiY AlxalaA='i He went forth into the vacant tract, or into the privy, to satisfy a want of nature: or he satisfied a want of nature therein. (TA.) ― -b2- Also He was, or became, or made himself, vacant from occupation, or business; [unoccupied; unemployed; or at leisure;] syn. tafar~aga: (S:) or so txl~Y mina Al$~ugoli. (K in art. frg.) You say, txl~Y liloEibaAdapi He was, or became, or made himself, vacant for, or he confined himself exclusively to, the service of God. (TA.) [See also 1, in the latter part of the paragraph. In like manner, one says also, liloA^amori ↓ xalaA He was, or became, or made himself, vacant for, or he confined himself exclusively to, the affair.] And taxal~awoA bixaliy~apK (S, K, TA) They confined themselves exclusively to a she-camel, or to she-camels, such as they termed xlyp, (K, TA,) yaHolubuwnahaA [milking only her, or them]. (S, TA.) And txl~Y xaliy~apF He took for himself a xly~p. (TA.) ― -b3- And txl~Y mina AlA^amori and Eanohu: see 2. ― -b4- And taxal~ati AlA_ibilu bilaA raAEK [The camels were left to themselves without a pastor]. (K in art. swE.) see 1, in three places. [And see also musotaxolK.] -A2- AstxlAhu majolisahu He asked him to leave his sitting-place vacant, or unoccupied, for him. (S. [But found by me in only one copy of that work.]) ― -b2- AstxlY Almalika He asked the king to have a meeting, or an interview, with him in a vacant place, or a place unoccupied [by others, i. e., in a private place; he asked the king to grant him a private meeting or interview]. (K.) as a word denoting exception, (S, Mughnee, K,) when it governs a gen. case, (S, Mughnee,) as when you say, jaAw^uwniY xalaA zayodK [They came to me, except Zeyd], is a particle, (S, Mughnee, K,) accord. to some of the grammarians, like HaA$aY; but accord. to some, a prefixed inf. n. (S.) ↓ It. also governs an accus. case, as a verb: (S, Mughnee:) so that you say, jaAw^uwniY xalaA zayodFA [meaning as above]; the agent of xlA being implied, (S, Mughnee, *) like that of HaA$aY [used as a verb]: it is as though you said, xalaA mano jaA='aniY mino zayodK [i. e. those who came to me were without Zeyd]: (S:) or correctly, accord. to IB, xalaA baEoDuhumo zayodFA [for mino zayodK, like as you say, xalaAka *am~N, for xalaA Eanoka *am~N]. (TA.) When you say maA xalaA, it is followed only by an accus., because mA xlA is equivalent to an inf. n.; (S, Mughnee;) so that when you say, jaAw^uwniY maA xalaA zayodFA [meaning as above], it is as if you said, jaAw^uwniY xuluw~a zayodK [or xuluw~FA zayodFA], i. e. xuluw~ahumo mino zayodK, (S,) which two phrases mean jaAw^uwniY xaAliyna mino zayodK [They came to me, they being without Zeyd]: (S, K:) [for] accord. to Seer, mAxlA occupies the place of a noun in the accus. as a denotative of state: but some say, as an adv. n. of time; so that, accord. to these, maA xalaA zayodFA means waqota xuluw~ihimo Eano zayodK [in the time of their being without Zeyd]. (Mughnee.) You say also, maA A^aradotu masaA='ataka xalaA A^an~iY waEaZotuka, meaning [I desired not to displease thee,] but I admonished thee (A_il~aA A^an~iY waEaZotuka). (JK, TA.) , and its fem. (with p), and dual: see xaAlK, in seven places. said by some to be an inf. n.: [see xalaA bihi &c. in the first paragraph of this art.:] by others said to be a simple subst.; (TA;) meaning Loneliness; solitude; lonesomeness; solitariness; desolateness; syn. waHo$apN. (S and K in art. wH$.) [Hence, app.,] rajulN saholu Alxalowapi [A man easy in private conference]. (Msb in art. sls. [See also a phrase in the latter part of the next paragraph.]) ― -b2- Also An empty, a vacant, a void, or an unoccupied, place. (KL. [See also xalaA='N.]) [In the present day, it is often applied to A closet to which one retires for privacy; and particularly to a cell for religious retirement: and is vulgarly pronounced xilowap.] You say, AijotamaEa maEahu fiY xalowapK (S) or AjtmE bihi fY xlwp (K) [He had a meeting, or an interview, with him in a vacant place, or a place unoccupied by others, i. e., in a private place]. -A2- Also Each of the two sharp sides or edges of an arrow-head (AHn, JK, TA) or of a spear-head: (AHn, TA:) both together are called the xalowataAni: (AHn, JK, TA.) is primarily an inf. n. (MF, TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) ― -b2- [Then it is used as an epithet, syn. with xaAlK:] see xaAlK, in five places. ― -b3- Then it is used [as a subst.] in the sense of A vacant place [in a general sense]: (MF, TA:) or a place in which is nothing: (S, K:) [often applied in the present day to any open tract of country or desert:] and then, particularly, such as one takes for the purpose of satisfying a want of nature; (MF, TA;) i. q. mutawaD~aA^N, (S, Msb, K,) but not as meaning only a place for the performance of AlwuDuw', as might be imagined from this explanation: pl. A^axoliyapN. (MF, TA.) It is said in a prov., (S, Meyd,) xalaAw^uka A^aqonaY liHayaAy^ika, (S, Meyd, K,) [in Freytag's Arab. Prov., (i. 436,) biHayaA=yika,] i. e. [Thy place of retirement is] most preservative (A^alozamu) [of thy sense of shame, or modesty]; meaning it is most fit for thee to be alone in thine abode; (S, * Meyd;) for he who is so needs not to be careful for his shame, or modesty: it is used in blaming the mixing with others. (Meyd.) HuSira Ealayohi xalaAw^uhu [His place of retirement for satisfying a want of nature was straitened to him] is used as meaning he suffered suppression of the feces, or constipation of the bowels. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA in art. HSr.) -A2- A_in~ahu laHoluw AlxalaA='i, (TA,) or [as written in a verse in which it occurs in the TA in the present art., and in art. xlY,] AlxalaA, (JK, TA,) [without ', but whether this be the right reading, or only required by poetic license, seems to be doubtful,] is a phrase mentioned by Th, (TA,) meaning Verily he is good in speech. (JK, TA. [If the former reading be right, the meaning may be similar to that of saholu Alxalowapi, mentioned above: if the latter only, or rather An~h lHlw AlxalaY, be right, it probably belongs to art. xlYK, and is tropical, from the herbage termed xalY; and this may also be the case if the former reading be right.]) ; and its fem. xaliy~apN: see xaAlK, in twelve places. ― -b2- The fem. also signifies, applied to a she-camel, (S, Msb,) Loosed from the cord, or rope, with which her fore shank and her arm have been bound together, (S, Msb, K,) and left alone, or free, (S,) so that she pastures where she will. (Msb.) Hence, (Msb,) it is used by way of metonymy as meaning Divorced: (Lh, S, Msb, K:) one says to a woman, A^anoti xaliy~apN Thou art divorced; (Lh, S;) and thus a man used to say in the Time of Ignorance: (TA:) and one says, hiYa xaliy~apN She is divorced: (Msb:) and a woman is divorced thereby when divorce is meant. (Lh, TA.) Applied to a woman, it signifies also Free from any obstacle to marriage: pl. xaliy~aAtN. (Msb.) ― -b3- Also A she-camel that is made to affect, with another she-camel, one young one, so that both yield their milk to it, and to which the people of a tent, or house, confine themselves exclusively of the other for the purpose of milking her: (S:) or a she-camel that is chosen as the one more abundant in milk, when one has brought forth and her young one is drawn away (yujar~u) as soon as born, before she smells it, and the young one of another, that has brought forth before her, is brought near to her, and she affects it; the other is left to suckle the young one, and is termed basuwTN, pl. bsT [app. busoTN or busuTN]: (Az, TA:) or a she-camel that is left, or left alone, to be milked: (K:) or that affects a young one [not her own], or is destitute of her young one, (JK, M, K,) whether she incline to another's young one or do not, or that is destitute of her young one by death or slaughter, (M, TA,) and whose milk one causes to flow by means of the young one of another; but only by her affecting a young one, and not suckling it: (M, K: *) or that brings forth, when abundant in milk, and has her young one drawn (yujar~u) from beneath her, and another put beneath her, and is then left, or left alone, to be milked; (Lh, K;) this being done because of her generous quality: (Lh:) or a she-camel, or two she-camels, to which the people of a tent, or house, confine themselves exclusively, for milking, when two or three she-camels are made to affect one young one, and to yield their milk to it; the young one [afterwards] sucking from one of them only: (K, * TA:) or a she-camel that brings forth, and whose young one is drawn away (yujar~u) in order that her milk may continue for their use, she being made to yield her milk by means of the young one of another, which is then withdrawn from her, and she is milked: sometimes, also, they bring together three and four xalaAyaA [pl. of xaliy~apN] to one young camel: and the doing so is termed talas~unN: (IAar, TA:) in this case they take as a xly~p whichever of them they will. (ISh, TA.) [Applied to a she-camel in any of these senses, it seems to be an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; i. e., used without its having naAqapN prefixed to it.] -A2- See also the paragraph next following, in two places. [as fem. of the epithet xaliY~N: see the next preceding paragraph, and the places there referred to in its first sentence. -A2- As a subst. it signifies] A great ship: (T, S, K:) or a ship that goes of itself, without its being made to do so by the sailor: (JK, K:) or one that is followed by a small boat: (K:) the first held by Az to be the right meaning: (TA:) pl. xalaAyaA. (JK, S.) ― -b2- Also, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and ↓ xaliY~N, (JK, Msb, K,) The habitation (bayot) of bees, [whether it be a manufactured hive or a hollow in the trunk of a tree or in a rock,] in which they deposit their honey; (S;) the place in which bees deposit their honey: (Mgh:) or the thing in which bees deposit their honey, (K, TA,) not manufactured for them: (TA:) or a thing like the [kind of jar called] raAquwd, of clay, (K, TA,) made for bees: (TA:) or a certain thing for bees, well known, of clay or of wood: (Msb:) or, accord. to Lth, if made of clay, it is called kwArp, (Msb, TA,) i. e. [kuwaArapN and kuw~aArapN and kiwaArapN] with kesr: (Msb:) or a piece of wood hollowed out for honey to be deposited therein [by bees]: or the lower part of a tree that is called xazamapN, [n. un. of xazamN, q. v., hollowed out for that purpose,] resembling the [kind of jar called] raAquwd: (K:) or ↓ xaliY~N signifies the part of the kuw~aArap which is the place of the honey: (JK:) pl. as above. (Msb, TA.) : see the next paragraph. Empty, vacant, void, devoid, destitute, or unoccupied; (Mgh, TA;) having none, and nothing, in it: (TA:) applied to a place, (Msb, TA,) as also ↓ xaliY~N (TA) and ↓ muxolK; (Msb;) and to a thing, as also ↓ xaliY~N; (TA;) or a vessel. (Mgh.) You say also ↓ makaAnN xalaA='N, [as well as xalaA='N alone,] meaning A place in which is none (K, TA) and nothing. (TA.) And wajadotu ↓ Ald~aAra muxoliyapF, meaning xaAliyapF [i. e. I found the house empty, &c.]. (TA.) ― -b2- Vacant, or free; from a thing or an affair; or devoid, or destitute, of a thing; (TA;) and so ↓ xaliY~N and ↓ xilowN; which last is the same as masc. and fem., though it has xilowapN also for fem., and A^axolaA='N for pl.; (K;) but properly, accord. to Lh, it has no dual form, nor pl., nor fem., though some give it such forms: (TA:) or ↓ xaliY~N, which has a dual, [i. e. xaliy~aAni,] and pl., (S, Msb,) i. e. xaliy~uwna and A^axoliyaA='u, (K,) signifies free [from a thing]; or clear or quit [of a thing or person]; as also ↓ xalaA='u, (S, Msb,) which, being [originally] an inf. n., has no dual nor pl. [nor fem.]; (S;) and ↓ xilowN. (Msb.) You say, mino h`*aA ↓ A^anota xaliY~N AlA^amori and xaAlK, i. e. Thou art free from this thing, or affair. (TA.) And mina Alham~i ↓ A^anaA xaliY~N, meaning xaAlK [i. e. I am free from anxiety]. (Mgh.) And mino ka*aA ↓ A^anaA xilowN, meaning xaAlK [i. e. I am free from such a thing]: (S:) and humaA xilowN, and humo xilowN; and some say, humaA xilowaAni, and humo A^axolaA='N, which is not proper. (T, TA.) And mino muSiybatiY ↓ A^anota xilowN Thou art free in mind from my affliction, or misfortune. (TA from a trad.) And minoka ↓ A^anaA xaliY~N I am clear, or quit, of thee. (S.) And ↓ A^anaA minoka xalaA='N signifies the same. (S.) And ↓ naHonu minoka AlxalaA='u and AlbaraA='u [q. v.] We are clear, or quit, of you. (Fr, T in art. brA^.) And mino h`*aA AlA^amori ↓ A^anota xalaA='N Thou art clear, or quit, of this affair. (TA.) And ↓ A^anaA mino h`*aA AlA^amori kafaAliji boni xalaAwapa [lit. I am, with respect to this affair, like Fálij Ibn-Kha- láweh], (S,) or faAliju bonu xalaAwapa, (so in the JK and K in this art., and in the S and K in art. flj,) meaning bariYo'N [i. e. I am clear, or quit, of this affair]: (JK, S, K:) a saying originating from its being asked of Fálij Ibn-Khaláweh, on the day of Er-Rakam, when Uneys killed the captives, “ Dost thou, ” or “ wilt thou, ” “ aid Uneys? ” and his answering, “ I am clear, ” or “ quit, ” “ of him. ” (S and K in art. flj.) And ↓ xaliY~N [alone] signifies xaAlK mina Alham~i [Free from anxiety]; contr. of $ajiY~N. (S.) It is said in a prov., wayolN ↓ lil$~ajiY~i mina AlxaliY~i, i. e. Woe to him who is occupied by anxiety from him who is free therefrom: (TA:) and in another, maA yaloqaY Al$~ajiY~u ↓ mina AlxaliY~i, i. e. What will he who is occupied by anxiety experience from him who is free therefrom? meaning, accord. to AO, that the latter will not aid the former against his anxieties, but will censure him: it is said in the Tekmileh that AlxaliY~ [in these provs.] is from xalaAhu AlHuzonu meaning “ Grief passed away from him, ” and “ quitted him. ” (Har p. 590.) And ↓ A^anoti xaliy~apN means xaAliyapN mina Alxayori [i. e. Thou, O woman, art devoid, or destitute, of good]. (Mgh.) ― -b3- Also A man having no wife; (S, K;) [for xaAlK mina Alz~awajaAti, a phrase occurring in the TA:] and a woman having no husband; (K;) thus without p: (TA:) pl. A^axolaA='N: (K:) and ↓ xilowapN, also, has the latter meaning; dual xilowataAni, and pl. xilowaAtN: and so has ↓ muxoliyapN: and ↓ xaliy~apN means a woman having no husband nor children; pl. xaliy~aAtN. (TA.) ― -b4- [And Alone; as also ↓ muxolK, and ↓ xilowN.] It is said in a prov., A^a$ad~u ↓ Al*~iy^obu muxoliyFA The wolf when [alone or] in a vacant place [is most courageous, or violent]; (TA;) or xaAliyFA [which means the same]. (JK. [And another reading is A^asadN. See Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 500.]) And one says, ↓ wajadotu fulaAnapa muxoliyapF, meaning xaAliyapF [i. e. I found such a woman alone]. (TA.) And ↓ wajadahumaA xilowayoni i. e. xaAliyayoni [He found them two alone]. (K.) ― -b5- [Also Past, or past away: as well as going, going away, or passing away.] Alquruwnu xaAliyapu means [The generations] that have passed. (JK, S, TA.) , and its fem. muxoliyapN: see xaAlK, in six places. -A2- lasotu laka bimuxoliyapK, occurring in a trad., means I did not find thee destitute of wives beside me: it is not from AimoraA^apN muxoliyapN signifying “ a woman having no husband. ” (TA.) A she-camel left alone, away from her young one. (IDrd, JK.) pass. part. n. of 2. (S, TA.) ― -b2- Left, permitted, or allowed. (M in art. bsl.) [act. part. n. of 3, q. v.]. Accord. to IAar, it signifies Contending with another in war. (TA in art. xlA^.) Devoting himself to religious services or exercises [app. in solitude or seclusion, or in a xalowap; or because one generally does so in solitude; or because the doing so involves abstraction from other affairs: see also 1 and 5]. (TA.) xlY , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. yaxoliY, (Msb,) inf. n. xaloYN; (Msb, K;) and ↓ AxtlY; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) He cut the herbage called xalFY: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or he plucked it up. (Lh, K.) Hence, in a trad., (Mgh, Msb, TA,) respecting the declaration of the sacredness of Mekkeh, (TA,) xalaAhaA ↓ laA yuxotalaY, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) i. e. [Its fresh herbage] shall not be cut. (Msb.) ― -b2- xalaY Ald~aAb~apa, (S,) or AlmaA$iyapa, (K,) aor. as above; (S, K;) or AlmA$yp ↓ AxlY, inf. n. A_ixolaA='N; (TA, as from the K;) He cut the herbage called xalFY (S, K) for the beast, (S,) or for the cattle: (K:) and he fed the beast, or the cattle, with xalFY. (TA.) ― -b3- xalaY Al$~aEiyra He collected the barley in a mixolaAp. (K.) ― -b4- xalaY Alqidori, (inf. n. as above, TA,) (tropical:) He put firewood beneath the cooking-pot: or he put flesh-meat into the cooking-pot. (IAar, K, TA.) And Alqidori ↓ AxlY (assumed tropical:) He kindled a fire for the cooking-pot with camels', or similar, dung; as though he put xalFY to it. (TA.) And ↓ A^uxoliyato, said of a cooking-pot, (assumed tropical:) It had firewood put to it, like as a she-camel has xalFY put to her, and kindled beneath it: or, as some relate a verse in which it occurs, ↓ xul~iyato, [belonging to art. xlw,] having a similar meaning, from this verb said of a she-camel such as is termed xaliy~ap, meaning “ she had ” a young one “ put to her. ” (Ham p. 663.) ― -b5- xalaY Alfarasa, (K,) or xalaAhu All~ijaAma, (JK, TA,) (tropical:) He put the bit in the mouth of the horse, (JK, K, TA,) like fresh xalFY. (JK.) ― -b6- And xalaY All~ijaAma, (K, TA,) Eani Alfarasi, aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He pulled out the bit [from the mouth of the horse]. (K, TA.) -A2- See also 1, last sentence, in art. xlw. see xalFY, below: -A2- and see also 1. mentioned in this art. in the K: see art. xlw. , (inf. n. A_ixolaA='N, TA,) said of God, He made xalFY to grow for the cattle. (Lh, K.) ― -b2- See also 1, in three places. -A2- Axlt AlA^aroDu The land became abundant in xalFY. (JK, S, K.) ― -b2- [And hence,] AxlY (assumed tropical:) He uttered words, or expressions, without any great meaning. (Ham p. 391.) , said of xalFY, It was cut. (S.) see 1, in two places. [Hence,] Als~ayofu yaxotaliY AlA^ayodiY waAlA^arojula (tropical:) The sword cuts off the arms and the legs. (JK, S, * TA.) He constantly drank milk. (IAar, K.) Fresh, green, or juicy, herbage: (S, IB, Mgh, Msb, K:) that which is dry is termed Ha$iy$ [but see this word]: (Msb, from the Kf:) or dry Ha$iy$: (so in one place in the S: [app. a mistake occasioned by an omission:]) or i. q. ruTobN, (IB, Msb,) with damm, (IB,) [i. e. fresh, or green, pasture; or such as consists of the herbs, or leguminous plants, of the rabiyE; or of these and of trees or shrubs:] or herbage that is cut, of the herbs, or leguminous plants, of the rbyE: (Lth, JK:) or, accord. to [the Imám] Mohammad, anything that is eaten as pasture, not [growing] upon a stem: (Mgh:) or slender herbage as long as it remains fresh, green, or juicy: (IAth, TA:) it is also written ↓ xalaA='N, with medd, like qaDaA='N: (Msb:) n. un. xalaApN: (S, Msb, K:) or this signifies any herb (baqolap) that one pulls up: (K, * TA:) pl. A^axolaA='N, (K,) a pl. sometimes used [app. as meaning sorts of xalFY]. (TA.) [Hence,] EabodN waxalFY fiY yadayohi [A slave with fresh herbage in his hands, or arms]; meaning, though a slave, yet rich, or possessing sufficiency: (S, TA:) a prov., (S, Meyd,) applied to the case of property possessed by him who does not deserve it: or, as some relate it, fY ↓ waxul~iYa ydyh [having fresh herbage put in his hands, or arms]: (Meyd:) but this latter reading is disallowed by Yaakoob: (S:) [see other readings, not belonging to this art., in Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 75:] h`*aA, or huwa, is understood before EabodN. (Meyd.) And maA kunotu xalaApF limawoEidapK (tropical:) I was not a breaker of a promise. (TA.) And [hence also, app., if this be the right reading,] A_in~ahu laHulowu AlxalaA [or rather AlxalaY]; or ↓ AlxalaA='i: see xalaA='N, in art. xlw. : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. and ↓ muxotalK A cutter of xalFY. (Msb. [The pls. xaAluwna and muxotaluwna are mentioned in the S and TA.]) The thing [or instrument] with which xalFY is cut. (S, TA.) A thing [or bag] into which xalFY is put: (S, K:) [and hence a nose-bag for a horse or the like; so in the present day;] a small sack that is hung to the head of a horse [or the like], in which he eats barley [&c.]: (Har p. 76:) so called because they used to cut [and put] xalFY therein for their beasts: (JK:) pl. maxaAlK. (TA.) ― -b2- maxaAliY Alqatabi: see HidojN. : see xaAlK. ― -b2- AlmuxotaliY (tropical:) The lion: (K, TA:) because of his courage. (TA.) xm , aor. (JK, S, K) and , (K,) [the latter irreg.,] inf. n. xumuwmN (JK, K) and xam~N, (K,) It (flesh-meat) was, or became, stinking; (S, K;) said of what is roasted, or cooked; (S;) or mostly said of what is cooked, and what is roasted: (IDrd, K:) or became altered for the worse in odour; said of roasted meat, and of meat cut into strips and dried: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or became stinking after having been thoroughly cooked: (TA:) and said also of milk, (JK, K,) in like manner, (JK,) it became altered by the bad odour of the skin, (K, TA,) and corrupt: (TA:) and ↓ Axm~ signifies the same, (JK, S, K,) in both cases: (TA:) and xam~N also, said of a cake of bread not thoroughly baked, signifies the becoming altered in odour. (TA.) [Hence,] xam~a, inf. n. xumuwmN, is likewise said of a man. (TA. [See also 10.]) And one says, huwa laA yaxim~u, meaning (assumed tropical:) He will not become altered (JK, TA) from his state, or condition, (JK,) or from his liberality, and generosity. (TA.) And huwa Als~amonu laA yaxim~u, (S, TA,) [lit.] meaning [It is the clarified butter] that will not become altered [for the worse]: (TA:) a prov., relating to a man when one speaks well of him, and praises him. (S, TA.) And huwa Als~um~u laA yaxim~u, i. e. (assumed tropical:) It is unmixed poison. (TA.) ― -b2- xam~N signifies also The act of weeping violently. (K.) You say, huwa yaxim~u He weeps violently. (TK.) -A2- xam~a, (JK, S, K,) aor. , (S,) inf. n. xam~u, (TK,) He cleaned out a well: (S, K: *) and he swept a tent, or house, or chamber: (JK, S, K:) and ↓ Axtm~ signifies the same, (S, K,) in both cases. (TA, and so in some copies of the K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] huwa yaxum~u viyaAbahu (tropical:) He eulogizes him, commends him, or speaks well of him: (K, TA:) and xam~ahu bivanaA='K HasanK, aor. , inf. n. xam~N, (tropical:) He eulogized him: (TA:) [and so, app., xam~ahu alone; for] xam~N signifies The act of eulogizing. (K, TA.) ― -b3- xam~N also signifies The act of cutting; and so ↓ AixotimaAmN. (K.) ― -b4- And xam~a Aln~aAqapa, (K,) aor. , inf. n. xam~N, (TA,) He milked the she-camel: (K:) or xam~a, aor. , signifies he turned in his thumb upon his palm when milking. (JK.) -A3- xum~a, said of a domestic fowl, It was confined in a xum~, i. e. cage, or coop. (K.) see 1. (assumed tropical:) He ate what remained, of fragments, and scattered particles, upon the table, (K, TA,) by reason of his greediness. (TA.) [See also R. Q. 1.] see 1, in two places. ― -b2- Axtm~ bihi He took it away. (JK.) ― -b3- And He threw it down prostrate; and, from the foundation; or uprooted it. (JK.) It is said in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, mano A^araAda A^ano yasotaxim~a lahu Aln~aAsu qiyaAmFA: thus, accord. to Et- Taháwee, with the pointed xaA=', meaning [Whoso desireth that men] should become altered in their odour to him by reason of their long standing in his presence: but it is also related otherwise, yasotajim~a [q. v.: see also 1 in the present art.]. (TA.) [See also 2 in art. xym.] [inf. n. of xamoxama] i. q. xanoxnapN, (S, K,) i. e. The [snuffling, or] speaking [indistinctly, through the nose,] as though one were maxonuwn [app. here meaning affected with the disease termed xunaAn], (so in a copy of the S and in the TA,) or majonuwn [i. e. bereft of reason, or mad, insane, &c.; and this is another meaning of maxonuwn], (so in another copy of the S,) by reason of pride. (S.) [See ximoximN.] ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The eating in a certain foul manner; (JK, S, TA;) and so ↓ taxamoxumN [inf. n. of taxamoxama]. (TA.) Hence, ↓ xamoxaAmN [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) One who so cats], used as a proper name. (JK, TA.) [See also 5.] , (K,) or ↓ xaAm~N, (AA, S,) applied to flesh-meat (AA, S, K) that is roasted or cooked, (AA, S,) or mostly to what is cooked and what is roasted, (K,) Stinking; (AA, S, K;) as also ↓ muxim~N: (AA, S:) or this last signifies altered in odour, but not yet corrupt (Lth, JK, TA) like a stinking dead body. (Lth, TA.) A cage, or coop, for domestic fowls: (ISd, K:) [and so, in modern Arabic, xun~N:] thought by ISd to be so called because of its foul smell. (TA.) ― -b2- A [receptacle made of matting or of reeds, such as is called] qawoSar~ap, in which straw is put, for the domestic hen to lay her eggs therein, (K,) or to hatch therein. (TA.) ― -b3- A hollow dug in the ground, in the bottom of which are put ashes, and then new-born lambs or kids are put therein: pl. ximamapN. (K.) The refuse of anything. (JK.) [See also xum~aAnN.] Heavy, or sluggish, in spirit: (K:) from xumaAmapN signifying “ sweepings. ” (TA.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Praised: (K:) from xam~N signifying the act of “ eulogizing. ” (TA.) ― -b3- Milk just milked. (K.) Sweepings; (K;) like qumaAmapN: (JK, S:) and the earth that is cleared out from a well: (S:) the dust, or earth, of a tent or house or chamber, and of a well, that is swept, or cleared, out, and thrown in a heap. (Lh, TA.) ― -b2- Also, (K,) or xumaAmapN maAy^idapK, (TA,) Scattered fragments of food, which are [gathered up, or swept together, and] eaten, and on account of which a recompense is hoped for [from God]. (K, * TA.) A corrupt, bad, feather, beneath the other feathers. (K, * TA.) : see the next paragraph. ― -b2- Also A weak spear. (S, K.) (JK, K) and ↓ xam~aAnN, (JK, IDrd, TA,) or ↓ xim~aAnN, (K,) What is bad of household goods, or furniture, or utensils; (JK, IDrd, K, TA;) and of trees. (K.) Also the first and second, (JK, S,) or the first and third, (K,) (assumed tropical:) The refuse, or the low, ignoble, or mean, (S, K,) or the bad, (JK,) of mankind: (JK, S, K:) the lowest, basest, or meanest, sort, and the mass, thereof or the weak thereof. (TA.) You say, *aAka rajulN mino xum~aAni Aln~aAsi and xam~aAni Aln~aAsi (assumed tropical:) That is a man of the refuse, &c., of mankind. (S.) [See also xumaAmN.] : see the next preceding paragraph. One who speaks with [or through] his nose. (TA.) [See R. Q. 1.] : see R. Q. 1. : see xam~N. [ , mentioned in this art. by Golius and Freytag, belongs to art. xym.] : see xam~N. A broom; a thing with which one sweeps. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] huwa mixam~apN wa mivam~apN (assumed tropical:) He is a vehement eater [and one who sweeps together the good and the bad]. (JK.) [See also art. vm.] (tropical:) A heart clear from malevolence, malice, or spite, and envy. (S, TA.) And maxomuwmu Alqalobi (tropical:) Having the heart clear from malevolence, malice, or spite, and envy: (K, TA:) or from dishonesty, or dissimulation, and envy; as explained by Mohammad himself, when used by him: or from dishonesty, or dissimulation, and corruption: or from pollution: all these explanations being from xam~a signifying “ he cleaned out ” a well. (TA.) xmd , aor. ; (S, Msb, K;) and xamidat, (A, K,) aor. ; (K;) inf. n. xumuwdN (S, A, Msb, K) and xamodN; (IKtt, K;) The fire subsided; its flaming; or blazing, ceasing; (S, A, Msb, K;) but its embers remaining unextinguished: (S, Msb, K:) when its embers have become extinguished, you say of it, hamadat: (S:) or it died away, and became utterly extinguished. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xamadati AlHum~aY, (S, Msb, K,) or xamidat, (A,) (tropical:) The fever became allayed: (A, Msb:) or the vehemence of the fever became allayed. (S, K.) ― -b3- And xamada (tropical:) He (a sick man, S) fainted, or swooned: (S, A, Msb, K:) or he died. (S, A, Msb.) He allayed the flaming, or blazing, of the fire; leaving its embers unextinguished: (S, Msb, K:) or he extinguished the fire utterly. (Msb.) And AxmdthA Alr~iyHu The wind allayed its flaming, or blazing. (A.) -A2- (tropical:) He was, or became, still, or motionless, and silent. (K, TA.) A place in which fire is buried in order that its flaming, or blazing, may cease; its embers remaining unextinguished: (S, K:) [or in order that it may become utterly extinguished: see 1.] (tropical:) Silent; from whom no voice is heard: and in like manner, ↓ muxomidN signifies still, or motionless, and silent: still, or motionless; having disposed and submitted himself to an affair, or event. (L.) xaAmiduwna in the Kur xxxvi. 28 means (assumed tropical:) Silent and dead: (Jel:) or silent; having died, and become like extinguished ashes. (Zj, Bd. *) : see the paragraph next preceding. xmr , aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xamorN, (K,) He veiled, covered, or concealed, a thing; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ xm~r, inf. n. taxomiyrN, (Mgh, Msb,) which also signifies he covered over a thing; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ Axmr, (TA,) inf. n. A_ixomaArN. (K.) [Hence,] xamarahaA [and app. ↓ xm~rhA also, for the quasi-pass. is txm~rt as well as Axtmrt, He veiled her with a muffler;] he put on her a ximaAr. (A.) And A_inaA='ahu ↓ xm~r, and wajohahu, He covered over his vessel, and his face. (S.) And bayotahu ↓ xm~r He concealed his house, or chamber, or tent, [meaning its interior,] and ordered it aright. (TA, from a trad.) And AlA^aroDu Ean~iY ↓ A^axomaratohu and min~iY and EalaY~a The land, or ground, concealed him, or it, from me. (K.) And ↓ Axmrhu (assumed tropical:) He concealed it, or conceived it, in him mind. (S, K.) And fulaAnN EalaY~a Zin~apF ↓ Axmr (assumed tropical:) Such a one concealed, or conceived, in his mind a suspicion, or an evil opinion, of me. (T, TA.) And xamara $ahaAdatahu, (S, Msb,) and ↓ xm~rhA, (A, Mgh,) and ↓ AxmrhA, (TA,) (tropical:) He concealed his testimony. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, TA.) And Alxamoru taxomuru AlEaqola (assumed tropical:) Wine veils [or obscures] the intellect; (K;) and so ↓ tuxaAmiruhu, lit. covers it: (Msb:) or the latter signifies (assumed tropical:) Infects it; [as though acting like leaven; and if so, from xamara AlEajiyna, which see in what follows; nearly the same as “ intoxicates, ” which properly signifies “ empoisons, ” or “ infects with poison; ”] syn. tuxaAliTuhu. (S, * K. [See xamorN.] -A2- xamira, aor. , (S, K,) inf. n. xamarN, (S,) He became concealed, or hidden; or he concealed, or hid, himself; (S, K;) Ean~iY from me; (S;) as also ↓ xAmr, (S, K,) inf. n. muxaAmarapN; (K;) and ↓ Axmr: (K:) or this last signifies he concealed, or hid, himself in a xamar [or covert of trees or the like]. (TA.) One says also, xamira Ean~iY Alxabaru (assumed tropical:) The news, or story, became concealed from me. (S.) And one says to the hyena, A^um~a EaAmirK ↓ xaAmiriY Hide thyself, O Umm-'Ámir: (S, K:) which is a prov.: (TA:) and is said to be also a phrase used as a surname of the hyena, in the manner of taA^ab~aTa $ar~FA. (Ham p. 242.) And HaDaAjiro A^ataAki maA tuHaA*iro ↓ xaAmiriY [Hide thyself, O hyena: what thou fearest has come to thee]: thus we have found it: (K:) and this is the reading commonly obtaining accord. to the authors on proverbs: (TA:) but it should properly be xaAmirN [and A^ataAka] or tuHaA*iryna. (K.) ― -b2- xamarN also signifies The becoming changed, or altered, from a former state or condition. (K.) You say, xamira Al$~aYo'u The thing became changed, &c. (TK.) -A3- xamara AlEajiyna, (Ks, S, A, Msb, K,) aor. (S, Msb, K) and , (S, K,) inf. n. xamorN, (S, Msb, K,) [He leavened the dough;] he put xumorap, (Ks, A,) or xamiyr, (S, A, Msb,) into the dough; (Ks, S, A, Msb, TA;) as also ↓ xm~rhu: (TA:) or he left the dough until it became good [or mature]; (K;) and in like manner, accord. to the K, AlT~iyna [the clay, or mud: see faTara]: or, as in other lexicons, AlT~iyba [the perfume]; (TA;) and the like; as also ↓ xm~rhu, inf. n. taxomiyrN, in relation to any of these things; and ↓ Axmrhu in relation to the first [and probably to the others also]: (K:) and xamara Aln~abiy*a [he fermented the beverage called nby*;] he put xumorap into the nby*. (A.) [Mtr says, in the Mgh, AlEaSiyra ↓ xam~ara I have not found, nor ↓ txm~r as its quasi-pass.] ― -b2- xamarahu, aor. , (TA,) inf. n. xamorN; (K;) and ↓ Axmrhu; (Mgh;) He gave him (namely, a man, and a beast, such as a horse and the like, TA) wine (xamor) to drink. (K, * Mgh, TA.) ― -b3- xumira, (Mgh, TA,) inf. n. xamorN, (TA,) He suffered, or was affected with, xumaAr [i. e. the remains of intoxication]. (Mgh, TA.) [See also 5.] -A4- xamarahu, aor. , (AA, S,) inf. n. xamorN, (K,) He was ashamed for himself, or of himself, or was bashful, or shy, with respect to him; was abashed at him, or shy of him. (AA, S, K. *) see 1, in eight places: -A2- and see also 3. as an intrans. v.: see 1, in three places. -A2- xAmrhu, inf. n. muxaAmarapN, It mixed, mingled, commingled, intermixed, or intermingled, with it; became incorporated, or blended, with it; infected, or pervaded, it; syn. xaAlaTahu. (S, A, Mgh, * K.) You say, xAmr AlmaA='a All~abana The water mixed with the milk. (A.) And xaAmarotu fulaAnFA (tropical:) I mixed with such a one in familiar, or social, intercourse; conversed with him; or became intimate with him; syn. xaAlaTotuhu. (A.) And Alxamoru tuxaAmiru AlEaqola: see 1. And xAmrhu Ald~aA='u (assumed tropical:) The disease infected, or pervaded, him; syn. xaAlaTahu: (Sh:) or infected, or pervaded, (xAlT,) his inside. (Lth.) ― -b2- Also, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He approached it; or was, or became, near to it; (K, * TA;) namely, a thing. (TA.) ― -b3- And xAmr AlmakaAna, (S, A,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) He kept, or clave, to the place; (S, A, K;) did not quit it; (A;) remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in it; (K;) and in like manner, bayotahu his house, or tent; and so ↓ xm~rhu. (TA.) -A3- xAmr, (TK,) inf. n. as above, (IAar, K,) [app. in the dial. of El-Yemen, (see 10,)] also signifies He sold a free person as being a slave. (IAar, K, TK.) : see 1 in the former half of the paragraph, in six places. ― -b2- A^axomarati AlA^aroDu The land abounded with xamar, (S, K,) meaning tangled trees. (TA.) -A2- See also 1, latter part, in two places. -A3- Axmrhu Al$~aYo'a He gave him the thing, or put him in possession of it, (K,) is a phrase common in El-Yemen: (Mohammad Ibn-Ketheer, TA:) a man says, A^axomirniY ka*aA, meaning Give thou me such a thing as a free gift: put me in possession of it: and the like. (Mohammad Ibn-Ketheer, S.) : see 8. -A2- Also She (a woman) applied xumorap as a liniment to her face, to beautify her complexion. (TA.) -A3- txm~r He was affected with languor by wine. (TA.) [See xumira.] ― -b2- See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. She wore, or put on [her head], a ximaAr; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ txm~rt. (A, Mgh, Msb, K.) -A2- Axtmr, said of dough, [It became fermented;] it had xumorap put into it: and in like manner one says of the beverage called nabiy* [it became fermented]: (A:) or, said of dough, and of clay, or mud, (Tiyn, as in the K, but accord. to other lexicons perfume, Tiyb, TA,) and the like, it was left until it became good [or mature]: (K:) and Axtmrt Alxamoru the wine became mature [and fermented]; (Mgh, Msb, K;) as it does when it becomes changed in odour: (TA:) or became changed in odour. (S.) He made him, or took him as, a slave: (S, Mgh, K:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (Mgh, TA.) [See 3.] So in the trad. of Mo'ádh, mano A@sotaxomara qawomFA A^aw~aluhumo A^aHoraArN wajiyraAnN musotaDoEafuwna falahu maA qaSara fiY bayotihi [Whosoever hath made slaves, or taken as slaves, persons the first state of whomhath been that of freemen and neighbours, regarded as weak, to him shall belong what he hath held in possession in his house or tent]: (S, * L:) i. e., hath taken them by force, and obtained possession of them: (S:) meaning, whosoever hath made slaves, or taken as slaves, persons in the Time of Ignorance, and then El-Islám hath come, to him shall belong those whom he hath held in possession in his house or tent: they shall not go from his hand. (Az, TA.) Mohammad Ibn-Ketheer says, This is a phrase known to us in ElYemen, where any other is scarcely ever used [in its stead]. (S.) [Wine: or grape-wine:] what intoxicates, of the expressed juice of grapes: (ISd, K:) or the juice of grapes when it has effervesced, and thrown up froth, and become freed therefrom, and still: (Mgh:) or it has a common application to intoxicating expressed juice of anything: (K, TA:) or any intoxicating thing, that clouds, or obscures, (lit. covers,) the intellect; as some say: (Mgh, * Msb: [but see what follows:]) and the general application is the more correct, because xamor was forbidden when there was not in El-Medeeneh any xamor of grapes; the beverage of its inhabitants being prepared only from dates in their green and small state, or full-grown but unripe, or fresh and ripe, or dried: (K, * TA:) or the arguing thus, from this fact alone, requires consideration: (MF:) AHn says, it is (assumed tropical:) sometimes prepared from grains: but ISd holds this to be an improper signification: (TA:) it is also sometimes applied to the (assumed tropical:) beverage called nabiy*, like as nby* is sometimes applied to wine expressed from grapes: (L in art. nb*:) applied to (tropical:) expressed juice from which xamor [properly so called] is made, [i. e., to must, or unfermented nabiy*,] it is tropical: it is so used in a trad. in which xamor is said to have been sold by [a companion of Mohammad named] Samurah: xamor [in its proper acceptation] is so called because it veils (taxomuru, i. e. tasoturu,) the intellect: (K:) or because it infects (tuxaAmiru, i. e. tuxaAliTu,) the intellect: (S, K:) [as though acting like leaven: (see 1:)] so said 'Omar: (TA:) or because it is left until it has become mature [and fermented]; (K;) or until its odour has changed: (IAar, S:) [see 8:] the proper application of the root is to denote “ covering, ” and “ commingling in a hidden manner: ” (Sgh, Er-Rághib, TA:) it is of the fem. gender, and sometimes masc.: (Msb, K:) you say huwa Alxamoru as well as hiYa Alxamoru: but As does not allow it to be masc.: (Msb:) and ↓ xamorapN signifies the same: (K:) [or a kind of wine:] or xamorN and xamorapN are like tamorN and tamorapN; [the former a coll. gen. n., and the latter its n. un.;] (S;) and xamorapN [thus] signifies some wine; lit., a portion of xamor: (Msb:) the pl. of xamorN is xumuwrN. (S, Msb.) You say [also] SirofN ↓ xamorapN [Some pure, or unmixed, wine; using a masc. epithet, contr. to rule]. (S.) ― -b2- [Hence the saying,] maA Einoda fulaAnK xal~N walaA xamorN, (S,) or maA huwa bixal~K walaA xamorK, (K,) (tropical:) Such a one, (S,) or he, (K,) possesses neither good nor evil: (S, K:) [or neither evil nor good: for] AA says that some of the Arabs make Alxamoru to be good, and Alxal~u to be evil; and some of them make Alxmr to be evil, and Alxl~ to be good. (Har p. 153.) ― -b3- xamorN also signifies (assumed tropical:) Grapes; (AHn, M, K;) in the dial. of ElYemen:) (M:) like as EinabN signifies “ wine ” in that dial. (AHn, TA in art. Enb.) It is said in the Kur [xii. 36], A_in~iY A^araAniY A^aEoSiru xamorFA Verily I thought myself pressing grapes: (ISd:) or the meaning is, pressing out wine from grapes. (Ibn- 'Arafeh.) A covert of trees &c.: (ISk, S, Mgh, K:) or a place where the ground is eaten away by a torrent, or an oblong tract of sand collected together and elevated, forming a place for concealment: (ISk, S:) and a hollow, or cavity, in which a wolf conceals himself: and tangled trees. (TA.) You say, tawaAraY AlS~ayodu min~iY fiY xamari AlwaAdiY [The game, or wild animal or animals, concealed itself, or themselves, from me in the covert, &c., of the valley]. (S.) And huwa yadib~u lahu AlD~araA='a wa yamo$iY lahu Alxamara (assumed tropical:) [He creeps to him in the thicket, or place overgrown with trees; and he walks to him in the covert of trees, &c.: see Freytag's Arab. Prov. 913]: speaking of a man when he deceives, or circumvents, his companion. (S.) And jaA='anaA EalaY xamorK and ↓ ElY ximorapK (assumed tropical:) He came to us secretly; unexpectedly; clandestinely. (K.) ― -b2- Hence, (S,) xamarN and ↓ xumaArN and ↓ xamaArN (S, K) and ↓ xamorapN (K) (assumed tropical:) A crowding, (S,) or congregation, (K,) and multitude, of men or people. (S, K.) You say, Aln~aAsi ↓ daxala fiY xamaAri and ↓ xamaArihimo, dial. vars. of gumaAr and gamaAr, i. e. (tropical:) He entered among the crowding and multitude of the men or people; (S;) and in like manner, fY ↓ xamarotihimo and gamarotihimo; (TA;) as also fY xamarihimo and gamarihimo: (TA in art. gmr:) or among such [a crowd] of the people as hid him. (ISk, S.) A place abounding with coverts of the description termed xamar; (IAar, S, K;) a place concealing by dense trees. (TA.) -A2- (assumed tropical:) A man infected, syn. muxaAmarN, (Sh, IAar, S,) by a disease: (TA:) thought by ISd to be a possessive epithet: (TA:) or in the last stage of the remains of intoxication. (S.) [See also maxomuwrN.]) : see xamorN, in two places. ― -b2- Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ ximorapN (Kr, K) and ↓ xumorapN, (K,) The odour of perfume: (S, A:) or a sweet odour: (K:) and the last signifies also an odour which has infected (xaAmara, i. e. xaAlaTa,) a person; (K;) as also ↓ xamarapN. (AZ, K.) You say, wajadotu xamorapa AlT~iybi I experienced, or smelt, the odour of the perfume. (S, A.) -A2- See also xamarN, in two places. : see xamiyrN, in two places. ― -b2- Also a dial. var. of gumorapN [q. v.], A thing [or composition] which is used as a liniment for beautifying the complexion; (S;) [the plant called] waros and certain perfumes which a woman uses as a liniment (so in the K, or applies as a liniment to her face, as in other lexicons, TA) to beautify her face. (K.) -A2- Pain, and headache, and annoyance, occasioned by wine (xamor, for which in some copies of the K we find Hum~aY erroneously put, TA); as also ↓ xumaArN: or the intoxication thereof, which has infected (xaAlaTa) [a person]; (K;) and so ↓ xumaArN: (TA:) or this latter signifies the remains of intoxication: (S:) pl. of the former xumarN. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xamorapN. -A3- A small pot or jar: and a vessel for leaven. (KL.) -A4- A small mat, (S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K,) [of an oblong shape,] large enough for a man to prostrate himself upon it, (Mgh, Msb,) used for that purpose [in prayer], (S, A,) made of palm-leaves (S, K) woven (turomalu) with threads or strings: (S:) so called because it veils the ground from the face of the person praying [upon it]: (Zj, * Mgh:) or because its threads or strings are hidden by its palm-leaves. (TA.) A hiding, or concealing, oneself: (IAar, TA:) [or, accord. to analogy, a mode, or manner, of doing so.] ― -b2- See also xamarN. ― -b3- A mode, manner, or way, of wearing the ximaAr. (K, * TA.) You say, A_in~ahaA laHasanapu Alximorapi [Verily she has a beautiful mode of wearing the xmAr]. (S.) And hence the saying of 'Omar to Mo'áwiyeh, maA A^a$obaha Eayonaka biximorapi hinodK [How like is thine eye to Hind's (when she practises her) mode of wearing the xmAr!]. (TA.) Hence also, (TA,) A_in~a AlEawaAna laA tuEal~amu Alximorapa [Verily she who has had a husband will not require to be taught the mode of wearing the xmAr]: (S, K, * TA:) a prov., (S, TA,) applied to him who is experienced and knowing: (K:) i. e. the experienced woman is not to be taught how she should act. (TA.) -A2- See also xamorapN. : see xamorapN. Grapes (EinabN) fit for wine. (TA.) ― -b2- A colour resembling the colour of wine. (TA.) : see ximaArN. : see xamarN, in two places. : see xamarN, in two places: -A2- and see also xumorapN, in two places. [A woman's muffler, or veil, with which she covers her head and the lower part of her face, leaving exposed only the eyes and part or the whole of the nose: such is the xmAr worn in the present day: a kind of veil which is called in Turkish ya$omaqo; as in the TK:) a woman's headcovering; (Mgh, TA;) a piece of cloth with which a woman covers her head; (Msb;) i. q. naSiyfN, (K,) pertaining to a woman; (S) as also ↓ ximir~N: (Th, K:) and any covering of a thing; anything by which a thing is veiled, or covered: (K:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axomirapN (K) and [of mult.] xumurN (Msb, K) and xumorN. (K.) ― -b2- Also A man's turban; because a man covers his head with it in like manner as a woman covers her head with her xmAr: when he disposes it in the Arab manner, he turns [a part of] it under the jaws [nearly in the same manner in which a woman disposes her xmAr]. (TA.) [Hence,] maA $am~a ximaAraka, a prov., (TA,) [meaning] (assumed tropical:) What hath changed thee from the state in which thou wast? What hath befallen thee? (K.) (K) and ↓ maxomuwrN and ↓ muxam~arN, (TA,) applied to dough, [Leavened;] having had xamiyr [as meaning leaven] put into it: (TA:) or, applied to dough, and to clay or mud (Tiyn, as in the K, but accord. to other lexicons perfume, Tiyb, TA), and the like, left until it has become good [or mature]: (K:) pl. [of the first] xamoraY. (TA.) You say also xubozN xamiyrN Bread [leavened, or] into which leaven (xamiyr) has been put: (Lh, TA:) or yesterday's bread; bread that has been kept over a night: (S:) and xubozapN xamiyrN, without p [in the epithet]. (Lh, TA.) And xamiyrN is also applied to Bread itself: or leavened bread. (Sh, TA.) ― -b2- xamiyrN [used as a subst.] (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ xamiyrapN and ↓ xumorapN (S, A, K) signify Leaven, or ferment, expl. by maA xum~ira bihi, (K,) of dough, and of perfume; (TA;) what is put into dough, (S, A, Msb,) and into the beverage called nabiy*; (A;) and ↓ xumorapN also signifies what is put into perfume, as well as what is put into dough and into nby*: (Ks:) the xumorap of nby* is its dregs, (K,) and its [ferment which is called] durodiY~; (TA;) or what is put into it, of wine (xamor) and of durodiY~; and so too of perfume; (S;) and the xumorap of milk is its ferment (ruwbap) which is poured upon it in order that it may quickly curdle, or coagulate, or thicken, or become thick and fit for churning. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence,] AijoEalohu fiY sir~i xamiyrika (tropical:) Conceal thou it (i. e. a secret, A) in thy mind. (A, TA.) And A^axoraja mino sir~i xamiyrihi sir~FA (tropical:) He revealed, or disclosed, a secret. (TA.) ― -b4- See also maxomuwrN. : see the next preceding paragraph. A vintner; a seller of xamor [or wine]. (K.) (S) and ↓ musotaxomirN (K) One who constantly drinks wine; (S, K;) a great drinker; devoted to drink. (K.) (assumed tropical:) A horse having a white head, whatever be the rest of his colour; but not ↓ muxotamirN: (Lth:) and muxam~arapN, applied to a ewe or she-goat, (AZ, T, S, A,) accord. to Lth and the K ↓ muxotamriapN, but the former is the right term, (TA,) [in the CK muxotamir,] (assumed tropical:) whose head is white, and the rest of her black; like raxomaA='u: (S:) or having a white head; (AZ, T, A;) and in like manner, a mare: (K:) or a black ewe with a white head: from the ximaAr of a woman. (TA.) -A2- See also xamiyrN. ― -b2- And see maxomuwrN. A maker of xamor [or wine]. (K.) : see xamiyrN. ― -b2- Also, (S,) and ↓ muxam~arN and ↓ xamiyrN, (TA,) A man affected with xumaAr, (S, TA,) i. e. the remains of intoxication. (S. [Like maboxuwrN. See also xamirN.]) , and with p: see muxam~arN. : see xim~iyrN. xms , (S, A, Mgh, K,) aor. , (S, Mgh, K,) [inf. n. xamosN,] He took the fifth part of the possessions of the people. (S, A, Mgh, K.) And xamasa AlmaAla, (A, Msb,) aor. , inf. n. xamosN, (Msb,) He took the fifth part of the property. (A, Msb.) xamosN signifies The taking one from five: and hence the saying of 'Adee Ibn-Hátim, rabaEotu fiY AljaAhiliy~ap waxamasotu fiY AlA_isolaAmi [I took the fourth part of the spoil in the Time of Ignorance, and I took the fifth part thereof in the time of El-Islám]; meaning, I headed the army in both those states; for the commander, in the Time of Ignorance, used to take the fourth part of the spoil; and in El-Islám, the fifth part was assigned to him. (TA.) ― -b2- xamasa Alqawoma, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. xamosN, (Msb,) He was, or became, the fifth of the people: (S, A, Msb, K:) or he made them five by [adding to their number] himself. (S, K.) ― -b3- xamasa also signifies He made fourteen to be fifteen. (T in art. vlv.) ― -b4- And He made forty-nine to be fifty with himself. (A'Obeyd, S in that art.) ― -b5- xamasa AlHabola, aor. , inf. n. xamosN, He made the rope of five strands twisted together. (TA.) -A2- xamasati AlA_ibilu The camels drank on the fifth day, counting the day of the next preceding drinking as the first. (TA.) [See xamosN.] ― -b2- xamasa, said of a horse, He came fifth in the race. (T, M, L; all in art. vlv.) , inf. n. taxomiysN, He made it five. (EshSheybánee and K, voce waH~adahu.) ― -b2- He made it to be five-cornered; five-angled; pentagonal. (K.) ― -b3- xam~asato She brought forth her fifth offspring. (TA in art. bkr.) ― -b4- And xm~shu He made it five-fifths. (Msb.) ― -b5- xm~s liA@moraA^atihi, or EinodahaA, He remained five nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce sab~aEa.) ― -b6- taxomiysN also signifies [The watering of land or seedproduce on the fifth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first;] the watering of land that is [next] after the tarobiyE. (TA.) The party of men became five: (S, K:) ― -b2- also, The party of men became fifty. (M and L in art. vlv.) ― -b3- Axms Alr~ajulu The man was, or became, one whose camels came to water on the fifth day, counting the day of the next preceding drinking as the first. (S, * K, * TA.) [See ximosN.] fem. of xamosapN [q. v.]. : see xumusN. The drinking of camels on the fifth day, counting the day of the next preceding drinking as the first; their drinking one day, then pasturing three days, then coming to the water on the fifth day, the first and last days, on which they drink, being thus reckoned: this is the correct explanation, accord. to Aboo-Sahl El-Khowlee; and Aboo-Zekereeyà says the like; (TA;) or their pasturing three days, and coming to the water on the fourth day [not counting the day of the next preceding watering; for it is evident that this explanation is virtually the same as that preceding]: (S, K:) accord. to Lth, the drinking of camels on the fourth day, counting the day on which they returned from [the next preceding] watering; but Az says, that this is a mistake; the day of returning from watering not being counted [when it is explained as meaning the drinking on the fourth day]: (TA:) pl. A^axomaAsN, the only pl. form. (Sb, TA.) [See Zimo'N.] Hence, falaApN ximosN [as in copies of the K, or it may be falaApu ximosK,] A desert in which the water is far distant, so that the camels come to the water on the fourth day, exclusive of the [next preceding] day on which they drank. (Az, K, TA.) Hence also the saying, fulaAnN yaDoribu A^axomaAsFA liA^asodaAsK (S, K *) (tropical:) Such a one makes a pretence of AxmAs [or fifth-day waterings] for the purpose of AsdAs [or sixth-day waterings]: i. e., he advances his camels from the ximos to the sidos: (K:) a prov.: (TA:) meaning, such a one strives to deceive, or circumvent: (S, K:) applied to him who acts towards another with artifice, pretending that he obeys him, or complies with his desire: (TA:) or to him who pretends one thing while he means another: (K:) and taken from the saying, related by AO and IAar, Daraba A^axomaAsFA liA^asodaAsK [He made a pretence of AxmAs for the purpose of AsdAs]; said of him who proposes a thing whereby he means another thing, which he commences and by slow degrees accomplishes: (TA:) for a man, when he desires to make a long journey, accustoms his camels to drink ximosFA sidosFA [i. e. on the fifth day and then on the sixth, in each case counting the day of the next preceding drinking as the first]: (K, TA:) the origin of the saying, accord. to IAar, being this: an old man was among his camels, accompanied by his sons, men, who pastured them, and who had been long far distant from their families; and he told them one day to pasture their camels riboEFA [i. e. watering on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first], which they did, proceeding in the way towards their families: then they proposed to do so ximosFA; and then, sidosFA: whereupon the old man, understanding what they meant, said, ye are doing nothing but making a pretence of AxmAs for the purpose of AsdAs: the object of your desire is not the pasturing of them, but it is only your families. (TA.) [See below, voce xumusN, a saying similar in words but different in meaning.] ― -b2- It is also used for sayoru ximosK [A journey in which the camels are watered only on the first and fifth days; a journey in which the second and third and fourth days are without water]. (L in art. jl*.) You say ximsN baSobaASN, [and SaboSaAbN,] and qaEoqaAEN, and HavoHaAvN, [and HaSoHaASN, &c.,] i. e. A journey [in which the camels are watered only on the first and fifth days,] in the course of which, to the water, there is no flagging, by reason of its remoteness. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj uses the expression ximosN kaHaboli Al$~aEari AlmunoHat~i meaning, A [journey of the kind termed] xms without any deviation, like a rope made of hair that has fallen off and that is free from any unevenness. (L, TA.) ― -b3- ximosN also signifies The fifth young one, or offspring. (A in art. vlv.) -A2- A [garment of the kind called] burod, (S, K,) of the fabric of El-Yemen; (S;) so called because first made for a king of El-Yemen named ximosN, (AA, S,) or Alximosu; (K, TA;) as also ↓ xamiysN. (TA.) For the latter word, we find in the work of Bkh, xamiyS, with S; which, if correct, is masc. of xamiySapN, which is a small kind of kisaA='. (IAth, and L.) [The pl. of ximosN applied to a burodap is A^axomaAsN.] See also maxomuwsN, in four places. and ↓ xumosN A fifth part; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ xamiysN, (S, in art. vlv, and IAmb and Msb,) agreeably with a rule applicable in the case of every one of the units, except valiyvN: (TA:) some allow this last; but AZ disallows it, and xmys also: (S in art. vlv:) pl. A^axomaAsN. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] Daraba A^axomaAsahu fiY A^asodaAsihi He turned his five senses towards his six relative points; [namely, above, below, before, behind, right, and left:] an allusion to the collecting all the thoughts to examine a thing, and turning the attention in all directions. (MF.) , (S, K,) masc.; and xamosN, fem.; (S;) [Five;] a certain number. (S, K.) You say xamosapu rijaAlK [Five men], and xamosu nisowapK [Five women]. (S.) You say also, EinodiY xamosapu daraAhimo [I have five dirhems], with refa: and if you please, you incorporate the p into the d [and say, xamosap d~araAhima]: but when you prefix Al to drAhm, you say, EinodiY xamosapu Ald~araAhimi [I have the five dirhems], with damm; and may not incorporate, because you have incorporated the l into the d: and in the case of a fem. n. you say, EinodiY xamosu Alquduwri [I have the five cooking-pots]: also, h`*ihi Alxamosapu Ald~araAhimi [These five dirhems]; and, if you please, Ald~araAhimu, using it in the manner of an epithet: and in like manner [you use the other nouns of number] to Ea$arapN [inclusive]. (S.) You say also, SumonaA xamosFA mina Al$~ahori [We fasted during a period of five nights of the month with their days]; making layaAlK to predominate over A^ay~aAm, when you do not mention the word Ay~Am, though the fasting is in the day; because the night of each day precedes the day: but when you mention the word Ay~Am, you say, SumonaA xamosapa A^ay~aAmK [We fasted five days]. (ISk, TA.) yaEaD~u biAlxamosi means He bites the fingers: these being [five in number and] of the fem gender: (Ham p. 790:) [i. e.] xamosN means the five fingers. (Har p. 76.) [Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which xamosap is imperfectly decl., see valaAvapN.] ― -b2- [xamosapa Ea$ara, masc.; and xamosa Ea$orapa, fem.; Fifteen. For variations thereof, see art. E$r.] [Fifty, and fiftieth,] is also written and pronounced xamisuwna, with kesr to the xamasuwna, by poetic license, as related by Ks; or m, with fet-h, as related by others, after the manner of xamosapN and xamasaAtN: (Fr, TA:) accord. to the T, the variation xamisuwna, with kesr to the m, is [dialectic, being] similar to xamosa Ea$irapa, with kesr to the $ [in the dial. of Nejd]. (TA.) , and ↓ maxomasa, They came five and five; [or five and five together; or five at a time and five at a time;] (K, TA;) like as they say, vunaA='a and mavonaY, and rubaAEa and marobaEa: (TA:) or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, not more than A^uHaAda and vunaA='a and vulaAva and rubaAEa has been heard, except Eu$aAra occurring in a verse of El-Kumeyt. (TA in art. E$r.) : see xumusN: ― -b2- and maxomuwsN, in two places. ― -b3- An army; because consisting of five parts, namely, the van, the body, the right wing, the left wing, and the rear; (S, A, K;) or because the spoils are divided into fifths among it; but this latter assertion requires consideration; (ISd, MF;) for this division of the spoils is an affair of the Muslim law, whereas xmys [thus applied] is an old term: (MF:) or an army having numerous weapons; syn. jayo$N xa$inN. (TA.) ― -b4- yawomu Alxamiysi, (S, Msb, K,) and simply Alxamiysu, Thursday; the fifth day of the week; thus used for AlxaAmisu, in like manner as Ald~abaraAnu is applied to the star [that follows the Pleiades, for Ald~aAbiru]: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axomisapN and [of mult.] A^axomisaA='u (S, Msb, K) and A^axaAmisu. (Fr, TA.) AZ used to say, maDaY Alxamiysu bimaA fiyhi [Thursday passed with what happened in it], making it sing. and masc.: but Abu-l-Jarráh used to say, maDaYAlxamiysu bima fiyhin~a, making it pl. and fem., and using it as a n. of number. (Lh, TA.) It has no dim. (Sb, S in art. Ams.) -A2- See also ximosN, last signification. -A3- maA A^adoriY A^aY~u xamiysi Aln~aAsi huwa means I know not what company of men it is. (Ibn-' Abbád, Sgh, K.) A boy five spans (A^a$obaAr) in height: (S, Mgh, Msb, * K:) said of him who is increasing in height [but has not attained his full stature]: (Msb:) fem. with p: (Lth, TA:) and in like manner you say rubaAEiY~N: (S, Msb:) but you do not say subaAEiY~N, (Lth, S, K,) nor sudaAsiY~N; (Lth, K;) [i. e., in speaking of a boy;] for when he has attained seven spans, (S,) or six spans, (Lth, K,) he is a man: (Lth, S, K:) or to a slave you apply the epithet sdAsY~ also; and to a garment, or piece of cloth, sbAEY~. (Msb.) ― -b2- See also maxomuwsN. ― -b3- [Also A word composed of five letters, radical only, or radical and augmentative.] One who fasts alone on Thursday. (IAar, Th.) [Fifth]: for this you also say xaAmK; (ISk, S, K;) whence the phrase, jaA=y^a fulaAnN xaAmiyFA [Such a one came fifth], for xaAmisFA: (ISk, S:) [fem. with p.] ― -b2- [xaAmisa Ea$ara and xaAmisap Ea$orapa, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Fifteenth, are subject to the same rules as vaAliva Ea$ara and its fem., explained in art. vlv, q. v.] -A2- A_ibilN xaAmisapN (TA) and xawaAmisu (S, K) Camels that drink on the fifth day, counting the day of the next preceding drinking as the first: [see ximosN:] (TA:) or that pasture three days, coming to the water on the fourth day [not counting the day of the next preceding watering]. (S, K.) : see xumaAsa. A thing five-cornered; five-angled; pentagonal. (S.) [See also muval~avN.] Five cubits in length; applied to a spear, (S, A, K,) as also ↓ xamiysN; (K;) and to a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, K,) as also ↓ xamiysN, (S, A, Mgh, K,) which occurs in a trad. as meaning a small garment or piece of cloth, (Mgh,) and ↓ xumaAsiY~N [q. v. suprà]; (TA;) and in like manner, ↓ burodapu A^axomaAsK a [garment of the kind called] brdp fire cubits long. (ISk, TA.) Hence the saying, ↓ humaA fiY burodap A^axomaAsK (assumed tropical:) They two have become near together, and in a state of agreement. (K.) A poet says, Say~araniY juwdu yadayhi wamano ↓ A^ahowaAhu fiY burodapi A^axomaAsi i. e., (assumed tropical:) The bounty of his hands has made me and the person whom I love to be near together, as though we were in a brdp five cubits long: (Th, TA:) app. meaning that the person thus spoken of had purchased for him a female slave, or had given for him the dowry of his wife. (Az, Sgh, TA.) You also say, ↓ layotanaAfiY burodapi A^axomaAsK, a prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) Would that we were near together. (ISk, TA.) [See also burodN.] ― -b2- Also A rope made of five strands twisted together. (S, A, K.) xm$ , (S, A, K,) aor (S, Msb, K) and , (S, K,) inf. n. xamo$N, (Msb,) He scratched it, namely, the face, with the nails, so as to cause bleeding or not; syn. xada$ahu: (S, * A, K:) only used in relation to the face: (A:) or also used in relation to the rest of the person: (TA:) and ↓ xm~$hu, inf. n. taxomiy$N, signifies the same: (TA:) [or denotes intensiveness, or muchness, like xad~a$ahu.] And xama$ati AlmaroA^apu wajahahaA biZuforahaA The woman wounded the exterior of the scarf-skin of her face with her nail. (Msb.) One says also, by way of imprecation, xamo$FA [May thy, or his, or her, face be scratched]; like as one says jadoEFA and qaToEFA. (TA.) ― -b2- He slapped it; namely, the face. (A, K.) ― -b3- He beat him, or it, (K, TA,) with a staff, or stick. (TA.) ― -b4- He cut off from him a limb, or member. (K.) see 1. The mark made by scratching with the nails upon the face: (Msb, TA:) pl. xumuw$N. (S, A, Msb.) (Lh) Do not thou that: may thy mother, being bereft of thee by death, scratch her face for thee. (ISd.) One says also, on the occasion of a thing at which one wonders, xamo$aY EaqoraY HaloqaY. (S and TA in art. Hlq: see 1 in that art.) Gnats: (S, A, K:) in the dial. of Hudheyl: (S:) n. un. with p: or it has no n. un.; (TA;) one thereof being called baq~apN. (S.) A wound, (S, A, K,) or mutilation, (S,) for which there is no fine, or mulct, (A,) or for which there is no certain fine, or mulct; (S, K:) or what is below the bloodwit; as the cutting off of an arm or a hand, or of an car, and the like: (K:) or a wound, or mutilation, of any kind below slaughter and the bloodwit; such as amputation, or a wound; or a blow, or plunder, or a similar injury. (L.) It is related in a trad., that Keys Ibn-' Ásim collected his sons at his death, and said, kaAna bayoniY wabayona fulaAnK xumaA$aAtN fiY AljaAhiliy~ahi [There were, between me and such a one, wounds, &c., in the Time of Ignorance]. (L.) And you say, qado A^axa*otu xumaA$atiY mino fulaAnK I have retaliated upon such a one [my wound, &c.]. (TA.) ― -b2- xumaA$aAtN, also, (S, TA,) or xumaA$aAtu *aHolK, (A, TA,) signifies (tropical:) Remains of *aHol [or desire of retaliation, or the like]. (S, A, TA.) xmS , aor. , inf. n. xamaSN, The man's foot rose from the ground, [or was hollow in the middle of the sole,] so that it did not touch it. (Msb.) ― -b2- xamaSa AlbaTonu, (A, K,) aor. ; (TK;) and xamiSa, aor. ; and xamuSa, aor. ; (A, K, TK;) inf. n. xmS [i. e. xamoSN or xumoSN or probably both] and xumuwSN and maxomaSapN; (TK;) The belly was, or became, empty; (A, K, TK;) i. e., hungry: (TK:) [and lank: see xamiySN.] And xamuSa Al$~aYo'u, aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xumoSN (Msb, TA) and xamoSN (A, TA) and maxamaSapN, (S, A, Msb, * K,) the last an inf. n. like magobaDapN and maEotabapN, (S,) [but in art. Etb in the S, maEotabapN is said to be a subst.,] The thing was, or became, hungry. (S, * A, * Msb, K. *) -A2- xamaSahu AljuwEu, (S, K,) aor. , (TK,) inf. n. xamoSN and maxomaSapN (S, K) and xumuwSN, (TK, [but this last I think doubtful,]) Hunger rendered him lank in the belly. (TK.) (tropical:) He shrank, or drew away, from it; (A, K; *) i. e., from anything of which he disliked the nearness. (A.) You say, masasotuhu biyadiY wahoYa baAridapN fataxaAmaSa mino barodi yadiY (tropical:) [I touched him with my hand, it being cold, and he shrank from the coldness of my hand]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- taxaAmaSo lifulaAnK Eano Haq~ihi (tropical:) [Relinquish thou, i. e.,] give thou, to such a one, his right, or due. (A, K. *) ― -b3- txAmS All~ayolu (tropical:) [The night retreated;] the darkness of the night became thin a little before daybreak. (A, K.) A hungering. (S, K.) You say, layosa lilobaTonapi xayorN mino xamoSapK tatobaEuhaA [There is not anything better for repletion of the belly than a hungering which follows it]. (S, A.) : see xamiySN. : see A^axomaSu: ― -b2- and see also xamiySN, in two places. : see xamiySN. Empty; applied to the belly: (TA:) hungry. (Msb.) ― -b2- xamiySu AlbaToni, (A,) or xamiySu AlHa$aA, (S, K,) and ↓ xumoSaAnN, (S, A, K,) and ↓ xamaSaAnN, (A, K,) A man empty in the belly, (A,) or lank in the belly; (S, K;) as also ↓ xaAmiSN AlbaToni: (K * and TA in art. rhf:) and slender in make: (TA:) fem. of the first with p, (S, A, K,) and so of the second, (Yaakoob, S, A, K,) and so of the third; (TA;) and IAar mentions ↓ xamoSaY as a fem., occurring prefixed to AlHa$aA in a verse of El-Asamm Ed-Dubeyree: (TA:) pl., (S, A, K,) masc., (A, K,) ximaASN; (S, A, K;) and fem., [i. e., of xmySp,] xamaAy^iSu: (A, K:) ↓ xumoSaAnN has no pl. formed by the addition of w and n, though its fem. is formed by the addition of p; being made to accord with the measure faEolaAnN, of which the fem. is faEolaY. (TA.) ximaASN [also] signifies Hungry, in a pl. sense, (K,) and lank in the bellies: (TA:) ↓ mixomaASN also signifies the same as xamiySN; and [its pl.] maxaAmiySu, lank in the bellies (xumoSu AlbuTuwni [whence it appears that ↓ A^axomaSu, sing. of xumoSN, is also syn. with xamiySN]). (TA.) You say also, huwa xamiySu AlbaToni mino A^amowaAli Aln~aAsi, meaning (tropical:) He is one who abstains from [devouring] the possessions of men. (A.) And ximaASu AlbuTuwni mino A^amowaAli Aln~aAsi xifaAfu AlZ~uhuwri mino damaAy^ihimo, (A, TA,) meaning (tropical:) Persons who abstain from [devouring] the possessions of men, whose backs are light with respect to [the] burden [of their blood]. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b3- zamanN xamiySN (tropical:) A time of hunger. (A, TA.) A [garment of the kind called] kisaA=', black, square, and having EalamaAni [i. e. two ornamental or coloured or figured borders]: (S, A, Mgh, K:) or a black ksA', having a border such as is above described (muEolam) at each end, and which is of xaz~, [q. v.], or of wool: (Msb:) if not bordered, it is not so called: (S, Msb:) or, accord. to As, a mulaA='ap of wool, or of xaz~, bordered (muEolamap); not unless bordered: so called because of its softness and thinness, and smallness of bulk when it is folded: Ahmad Ibn-Fáris says that it is the black kisaA=': and he says that it may be thus called because a man wraps himself with it, so that it is against his A^axomaS, meaning by this his waist: (Har p. 21:) pl. xamaAy^iSu: or xmAy^S are garments of xaz~, thick, black, and red, and having thick A^aEolaAm [or borders such as above described]; worn by people of old. (TA.) El-Aashà says, A_i*aA jur~idato yawomFA Hasibota xamiySapF EalayohaA wa jiroyaAla Aln~aDiyri Ald~ulaAmiSaA [When she is stripped of her clothing, any day, thou wouldst think there was upon her a khameesah, and the glistening redness of gold]: As says, he likens her [long and spreading] hair to a xmySp, which is black. (S.) [See also xamiysN, voce ximosN, near the end of the paragraph.] : see xamiySN. A man whose foot rises from the ground, [or is hollow in the middle of the sole,] so that it does not touch it: fem. xamoSaA='u: and pl. xumoSN: (Msb:) and ↓ xumoSaAnN signifies having the middle of the sole of the foot moderately rising from the ground; which is a goodly quality; but when it is flat, or rises much, it is dispraised: so explained by IAar when he was asked by Th respecting 'Alee's saying of Mohammad, [cited, but not explained, in the K,] kaAna xumoSaAna AlA^axomaSayoni: or, accord. to Az, xumoSaAnN signifies having the part [of the sole] of the foot which does not cleave to the ground in treading very much retiring from the ground. (TA.) ― -b2- AlA^axomaSu [when without the article Al also written without tenween accord. to the best authorities, because the quality of an epithet is original to it, and that of a subst. is accidental,] also signifies The part [of the sole] of the human foot which does not cleave to the ground in treading; (Az, TA;) the part of the sole of the human foot which is hollow, so that it does not touch the ground; (S, K; *) the part of the bottom of the human foot which is thin, and retires from the ground; or, as some explain it, [meaning the same,] the xaSor of the human foot: (TA:) pl. A^axaAmiSu. (Msb.) ― -b3- See also xamiySN. ― -b4- Also The waist of a man. (Har p. 21.) : see xamiySN. xmT The [kind of tree called] A^araAk: (Bd in xxxiv. 15:) or a species of the ArAk, having a fruit which is eaten: (Lth, S:) or the fruit of the ArAk: (IB, K:) or any trees having no thorns: (IDrd, Bd, K:) or trees having thorns; cited from Fr; and by Z, in the Ksh, on the authority of A 'Obeyd: (TA:) or certain trees like the sidor, (K, TA,) the fruit of which is like the mulberry: (TA:) or certain deadly trees: (K:) or deadly poison: (TA:) or any plant that has acquired a taste of bitterness, (Zj, Bd, K,) so that it cannot be eaten: (Zj, TA:) or scanty fruit of any trees: (AHn, K:) or the fruit of what is called fasowapu AlD~abuEi: (K:) or a certain fruit called fasowapu AlD~abuEi, having the form of the poppy, friable, and of no use: (IAar:) or it signifies, in the Kur xxxiv. 15, fruit that is disagreeable in taste, and choking: (Bd:) or, [as an epithet,] bitter, and disagreeable in taste, and choking: (Jel:) or bitter; applied to anything: or acid. (K.) In the Kur, ubi suprà, some read, *awaAtaYo A^akuli xamoTK: (S, IB, Jel:) this is the right reading accord. to him who makes xmT to mean the ArAk: but accord. to him who makes it to mean the fruit of the ArAk, the right reading of Akl is with tenween, and xmT is a substitute for that word. (IB.) [The pl. is ximaATN: see an ex. voce xal~N.] xmE , (Lth, S, K,) aor. , inf. n. xamoEN (Lth, IDrd, K) and xumuwEN (Lth, K) and xamaEaAnN, (Az, K,) said of a hyena, (K,) &c., (TA,) He limped, or had a slight lameness, (IDrd, S,) in his gait, or manner of going; (S;) he went as though he had a lameness. (K, TA.) A wolf: (S, K:) pl. A^axomaAEN. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A thief. (S, K.) A limping, or slight lameness (IDrd, S;) a manner of going as though with a lameness; a subst. from the above-mentioned verb. (K.) You say, bihi xumaAEN [He has a limping, &c.]. (S.) , applied to a woman, Vitious, or immoral; an adulteress, or a fornicatress; as also ↓ xayomaEN. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [Limping, or having a slight lameness;] going as though having a lameness. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (TA,) xaAmiEapN A hyena, or a female hyena: (S, K:) pl. xawaAmiEu. (K.) : see xamuwEN. xml , aor. , inf. n. xumuwlN, It (a place of alighting or abode, Msb, TA, and a tattooing, TA) was, or became, effaced, or obliterated; (Msb, TA;) and imperceptible, or unapparent. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (Msb,) said of a man, aor. and inf. n. as above, He was, or became, obscure, unnoted, reputeless, or of no reputation: (S, Msb:) [and] said of a man's reputation (*ikoruhu, JK, K, and Sawotuhu, K), aor. as above, (JK,) and so the inf. n., (JK, K,) it was, or became, obscure. (JK, K.) Some mention also xamula, inf. n. xamaAlapN; and this inf. n. occurs in a description of the Prophet; but it is only for the purpose of assimilation to its contr. nabaAhapN. (TA.) ― -b3- [It is app. also said of speech, meaning It was, or became, low, soft, or gentle: see xaAmilN.] -A2- xumila He (a man, and a beast, K, a horse, a sheep or goat, and a camel, TA) had, or was affected with, the malady termed xumaAl. (K.) He (a man, S, or God, K) rendered a person obscure, unnoted, reputeless, or of no reputation; (S, K; *) contr. of nab~aha. (TA.) -A2- He made a [garment such as is termed] qaTiyfap, and the like, to have what is termed xamol [i. e. a nap, or pile, or villous substance on its surface]. (K.) He pastured, or depastured, xamaAy^il, (K,) i. e. meadows [&c., pl. of xamiylap]. (TA.) [The nap, or pile, or villous substance on the surface, of cloth;] i. q. hudobN; (S, Msb;) or the hudob of the [kind of garment called] qaTiyfap [q. v.] and the like, (K, TA,) of woven cloths whereof portions [of the substance] are redundant; (TA;) or [rather] what resembles hudob on the surface of a kisaA=' [or the like]; (Mgh;) the xamol of a [carpet such as is called] Tunofusap [or Tinofisap &c.] and of a garment; as also ↓ xamiylapN, of which the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] is ↓ xamiylN. (JK.) ― -b2- Also A Tinofisap [itself]: (S, K:) or so ↓ xamiylapN: and xamolN signifies as first explained above, and also a qaTiyfap [itself]: (Msb:) or ↓ xamiylapN has this last meaning; as also ↓ xamolapN and ↓ ximolapN; (K, * TA; [in the CK, kaAlxamiylahi wAlxamolapu is erroneously put for kAlxamolapi wAlximolapi;]) or signifies a qTyfp having xamol [or nap]: (TA:) and its pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is as above. (Msb, TA.) ― -b3- And The feathers,, or plumage, of the ostrich; (JK, T, M, K;) as also ↓ xamaAlapN and ↓ xamiylapN; (T, M, K;) of which last the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is as above. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. ― -b2- Also, and ↓ ximolapN, A garment (Lth, K) of wool, (Lth,) having xamol [or nap], such as the kisaA=' and the like: (Lth, K:) or an EabaA=' of the fabric of Katawán, white, and with short xamol [or nap]. (Az, TA.) : see xamolN: and xamolapN. -A2- Also A man's secret, which he conceals: and his secret disposition of the mind. (K.) One says, AisoA^alo Eano ximolaAtihi [in the CK xamolAtih] Ask thou concerning his secrets, and his bad, evil, or foul, qualities, dispositions, habits, practices, or actions. (K, TA.) And huwa lay^iymu Alximolapi [He is base, ignoble, or mean, in respect of the secret disposition of the mind], and kariymuhaA [generous in respect thereof]: (Fr, K:) or it is applied peculiarly to baseness, ignobleness, or meanness: (AZ, K:) Hasanu Alximolapi has not been heard. (AZ.) Lameness: or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, a limping, or slight lameness, in the legs of camels, which is cured by cutting the vein: (S:) or a malady in the joints of a man, (K,) resembling lameness, (TA,) and in the legs of a beast, (K,) a horse, a sheep or goat, and a camel, (TA,) occasioning a limping, or slight lameness: (K:) or a malady that affects the horse, (T, TA,) or the camel, (JK,) in consequence of which he will not move until he has a vein cut; otherwise he dies: (JK, T, TA:) and also a malady that affects a leg of the sheep or goat, and then shifts to the other legs, going the round of them. (T, TA.) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of xamiylapN in three senses explained above: see xamolN. ― -b2- Also garments having xamol [or nap]. (K.) ― -b3- A black garment. (JK.) ― -b4- (tropical:) Dense clouds. (IDrd, K, TA.) ― -b5- (tropical:) Soft food; (K, TA;) meaning such as is termed variyd: mentioned by ISd. (TA.) -A2- See also maxomuwlN. : see xamolN. : see xamolN, in four places. ― -b2- Also A dense collection of trees; (JK, S;) so says Aboo- Sá'id: (S:) or numerous tangled, or luxuriant, or dense, trees, (K, TA,) among which one sees not a thing when it falls in the midst thereof: (TA:) and a place abounding in trees, wherever it be, (K,) or, accord. to Az, only in plain, level, or soft, ground: (TA:) and a low, or depressed, tract of ground, (K, * TA,) or of sand, (M, TA,) or an intervening tract between low, or depressed, and hard, ground, (T, TA,) or an intervening tract amid sands, in low, or depressed, and hard, ground, (JK,) and producing good herbage or plants: (JK, T, K, TA:) or plain, or soft, land, producing herbage or plants, which are likened to the xamol [or nap] of the qaTiyfap: or a place where water remains and stagnates, and which produces trees; but only in plain, level, or soft, ground: (TA:) or a meadow (rawoDapN) in which are trees; that in which are no trees being termed jaloHaA='u: (Har p. 118:) or a tract of sand producing trees: (As, S, K:) or a place where a tract of sand becomes thin, or shallow; where the main portion of it passes away, and somewhat of the soft part of it remains: pl. xamaAy^ilu: which is also explained as signifying meadows (riyaAD). (TA.) A man obscure, unnoted, reputeless, or of no reputation; (S, Msb, K;) unknown, (JK, T,) and unmentioned; (T;) destitute of good fortune: (Msb:) and one says also xaAminN, by substitution [of n for l]: (TA:) pl. xamalN (K) and xamalapN, explained as signifying the lower or lowest, or meaner or meanest, sort of mankind. (TA.) You say also qawolN xaAmilN A low, soft, or gentle, saying or speech. (Az, TA.) And it is said in a trad., Au*okuruwA A@ll~`hi *ikorFA xaAmilFA Celebrate ye God with a low, soft, or gentle, voice, in reverence of his greatness, or majesty. (TA.) A garment, (JK, TA,) or a kisaA=', (Mgh, Msb,) having xamol [or nap], (JK, * Mgh, Msb, TA,) i. e. what resembles hudob on its surface. (Mgh.) (JK, TA) and maxomuwlapN, (JK,) applied to a young camel, (JK,) or to a camel, and a horse, (TA,) and a sheep or goat, ($Ap, JK, TA,) Having, or affected with, the disease termed xumaAl: (JK, TA:) and so ↓ xamiylN, applied to a young camel; pl. xamolaY. (JK.) xmn , [aor. ,] inf. n. xumuwnN, said of [a man's] reputation (Al*~ikoru), It was, or became, obscure; i. q. xamala, inf. n. xumuwlN: and, said of a thing, it was, or became, obscure, unapparent, hidden, or concealed: whence xamanahu as syn. with xam~anahu, q. v. (Msb.) , (Msb, K,) inf. n. taxomiynN; (S, Msb;) and ↓ xamanahu, (Msb, K,) aor. inf. n. xamonN; (Msb;) He spoke of it conjecturally, (S, Msb, K,) and opining; (TA;) or surmising: (K:) or he formed a surmise respecting it; or an opinion. (Msb.) IDrd says, I think it to be post-classical: (TA:) AHát says that it is of Persian origin, (Msb, TA,) arabicized, (TA,) from xmAnA, [app. a mistranscription for GumaAnaA, or GumaAnaho, or GumaAno,] applied to “ an opinion, ” and “ a conjecture, ” or “ conjectural saying. ” (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- taxomiynN is also syn. with taHoriyrN. (So in the TA. [But this, I doubt not, is a mistranscription for taHoziyzN, which, though perhaps post-classical, signifies The act of conjecturing.]) Stink. (K.) [ The elder-tree: and xamaAnN SagiyrN Dwarf elder-tree: so in the present day.] A weak spear: and qanaApN xam~aAnapN [a weak spear or spear-shaft]. (A 'Obeyd, S, K.) ― -b2- What is bad of household-goods, or furniture, or utensils: (TA:) and The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, or mankind; (S, K;) the bad thereof. (K.) [Mentioned also in art. xm.] A man (TA) obscure, unnoted, reputeless, of no reputation; i. q. xaAmilu Al*~ikori. (K, TA.) Quasi xmY (accus. xaAmiyFA) for xaAmisN: see the latter word. xn , (Sh, S, K,) aor. yaxin~N, (S, K,) inf. n. xaniynN, (Sh, S, *, K * TA,) He made a sound from the nose, like Haniyn from the mouth: (TA:) he made a sound like weeping, (S, *, K * TA,) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) like laughing, in the nose: (S, * K, * TA:) he reiterated a sound of weeping in the air-passages of the nose; and sometimes xaniynN is [the reiterating a sound in the nose] from faint laughing: (Sh, TA:) or he laughed faintly. (JK.) [See also xaniynN below.] -A2- xun~a He (a camel) was affected with the disease termed xunaAn: (JK, TA:) [and in like manner, a bird: see maxonuwnN.] i. q. A^ajan~ahu [God caused him to be bereft of reason; or mad, insane, &c.]. (Lh, K.) , (TA,) inf. n. xanoxanapN, (JK, S, K, TA,) [like xamoxama,] He snuffled; i. e., spoke through his nose: (TA:) he spoke indistinctly, making a sort of twang (yuxanoxinu) in his xayaA$iym [or air-passages of the nose]. (JK, S, K.) A poet says, xanoxana liY fiY qawolihi saAEapF faqaAla liY $ayoy^FA walamo A^asomaEi [He snuffled to me in his speech awhile, and said to me something, but I heard not]. (TA.) ― -b2- xanoxanapN also signifies The crying of the ape. (IAar, TA.) i. q. gun~apN [i. e. A nasal sound or twang; or a snuffling sound]; (JK, K;) the latter word explained by Mbr as meaning a mixture of the sound of the xayo$uwm [or air-passage of the nose] in the pronunciation of a letter or word; (TA;) as also ↓ maxan~apN: (K:) or the first is like gun~apN; (S, K;) as also ↓ xananN: (ISd, TA:) or, (Mbr, K,) as also ↓ maxan~apN, (TA,) louder than gun~apN: (Mbr, K, TA:) or more open than gun~apN: (K, TA. [In the CK, A^aqobaHu is put in the place of A^afotaHu.]) : see what next precedes. A certain disease that attacks in the nose: (S, TA:) a disease that attack camels in their nostrils, and from which they die; (As, TA;) a rheum that affects camels; (K;) in camels, like the zukaAm in human beings. (JK.) zamanu AlxunaAni [The time of the xnAn] was in the age of ElMundhir Ibn-Má-es-Semà; in consequence thereof the camels died: (K:) it is well known with the Arabs, is mentioned in their verses, (TA,) and became an era to them. (As, TA.) ― -b2- Also A certain disease that attacks birds in their throats. (S, M, K.) ― -b3- And A certain disease in the eye. (M, K.) The issuing of a sound from the nose, like HaniynN from the mouth: [see HaniynN, in two places:] this is the primary signification: (TA:) and it is [the making a sound] like weeping, and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) like laughing, in the nose: (S, K:) IB says that there is a kind of xnyn like weeping in the nose: (TA:) or a weeping of women, (JK,) or a kind of weeping, (IAth, TA,) less than what is termed AinotiHaAbN: (JK, IAth, TA:) and a faint laughing. (JK.) [See also 1.] ― -b2- And Stoppages in the xayaA$iym [or air-passages of the nose]. (TA.) i. q. A^agan~N [as meaning Having a nasal twang]; (S, K, TA;) who snuffles; i. e., speaks from [i. e. through] his nose: (TA voce A^adogamu:) [or] as meaning having the xayaA$iym [or airpassages of the nose] stopped up: or, as some say, having the xyA$ym [here app. meaning certain cartilages in the upper, or inmost, part of the nose] delapsed: [see 1 in art. x$m:] fem. xan~aA='u: (TA:) and pl. xun~N. (S, K.) : see xun~apN, in two places. -A2- Also The nose: (S, K:) written by J [accord. to some of the copies of the S, but not accord. to all,] with kesr to the m: (TA:) or the extremity thereof. (K.) -A3- And i. q. maA^okalapN: so in the phrase, fulaAnN maxan~apN lifulaAnK [Such a one is to such a one a person from whom to obtain what to eat]. (S, K.) ― -b2- You say also, AlbiT~iyxu liY maxan~apN i. e. [The melon, or water-melon, is to me] a usual food. (JM.) A camel, and a bird, affected with the disease termed xunaAn. (TA.) ― -b2- And i. q. majonuwnN [Bereft of reason; or mad, insane, &c.]. (Lh, K.) [See R. Q. 1 in art. xm.] xnv , (Lth, L,) aor. , inf. n. xanovN, (L,) He folded, or doubled, a skin for water or milk, and a sack. (Lth, L.) And xanava Als~iqaA='a, (S, A, Mgh, K, TA,) and fama Als~iqaA='i, (A, TA,) and AlsqA='i ↓ Axtnv, (S, A, * Mgh, K,) He doubled the skin, (S, K,) or the mouth of the skin, (A, Mgh, TA,) outwards, (S, A, Mgh, K,) or inside-out, (TA,) and drank from it; (S, Mgh, K;) the doing of which is forbidden (Mgh, TA) by Mo- hammad: (TA:) when you double it inwards, you say, qabaEotuhu: (S, A, Mgh:) or xanava fama Als~iqaA='i signifies he turned the mouth of the skin outsidein or inside-out: and xanovN signifies any kind of inverting, or turning upside-down or inside-out or the like. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] xanava lahu biA^anofihi [He contracted his nose at him]; as though he mocked at, scoffed at, derided, or ridiculed, him: so in the A: but in the K, xanavahu, aor. , he mocked at, scoffed at, derided, or ridiculed, him. (TA.) -A2- xanavN, aor. , (L, Msb, K,) inf. n. xanavN; (A, Msb, TA;) and ↓ Anxv, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ txn~v; (A, L, K;) He (a man, L) affected a bending, or an inclining of his body, from side to side, and languor, or languidness; or he became bent and languid; syn. tavan~aY watakas~ara: (S, A, L, K:) [or he was, or became, flaccid, or flabby, and affected a bending, or an inclining of his body, from side to side: (see xanivN:) or he was, or became, effeminate: (see xunovN:)] or he was, or became, soft, delicate, tender, flabby, lax, or limber, and affected languor, or languidness; expl. by kaAna fiyhi liynN watakas~urN. (Msb.) 'Áïsheh, describing the death of Mohammad, says, ↓ Ainoxanava fiY HajoriY, meaning He became bent and languid (AinovanaY watakas~ara), by reason of the flaccidness of his limbs, in my bosom. (TA.) , (S, K,) inf. n. taxoniyvN, (K,) He bent it; (S, K;) namely, a thing. (S.) Hence the epithet muxan~avN. (S, K.) ― -b2- He made him to be, or become, such as is termed xanivN. (Msb.) ― -b3- xn~v kalaAmahu He made his speech like that of women, in softness and gentleness: so some say. (Msb.) -A2- taxoniyvN also signifies The doing what is excessively foul, or obscene; [i. e. the acting the part of a catamite;] but this meaning was unknown to the Arabs [of the classical ages]. (MF.) It (a thing, S) bent, or became bent. (S, K.) ― -b2- Also i. q. xaniva, q. v. (A, * L, K.) And He (a man) acted in the manner of the muxin~av [or effeminate, &c.]. (TA.) [He became a muxan~av: used in this sense in the S and K in art. Tws.] And txn~v fiY kalaAmihi [He was soft, or effeminate, in his speech]. (S, Mgh.) ― -b3- He (a man &c.) fell down by reason of weakness. (TA.) The water-skin became folded, or doubled. (L.) ― -b2- Anxnvt Eunuquhu His neck inclined, or bent. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 1, in two places. see 1, second sentence. a subst. from Ainoxanava [An affectation of a bending, or of an inclining of the body, from side to side, and of languor, or languidness; or a bending and languidness: or flaccidity or flabbiness, and an affectation of a bending, or of an inclining of the body, from side to side: or effeminacy: or softness, delicacy, tenderness, flabbiness, laxness, or limberness, and an affectation of languor, or languidness]: (S, L:) as also ↓ xinaAvapN. (Msb.) Jereer says, A^atuwEiduniY wa A^anota mujaA$iEiY~N A^araY fiY xunovi liHoyatika A@DoTiraAbaA [Dost thou threaten me, thou being a Mujáshi'ee? I see, in the softness and weakness of thy beard, or in the bending and languidness, or the effeminacy, of thy person, (for the beard is sometimes, by a synecdoche, put for the whole person,) an evidence of unsoundness, uncompactness, or weakness]. (S.) , with kesr, sing. of A^axonaAvN and xinaAvN, (TA,) which signify The creases, or places of folding, of a garment, or piece of cloth. (K, TA.) You say, TawaY Alv~awoba EalaY A^axonaAvihi and xinaAvihi He folded the garment, or piece of cloth, at its creases. (TA.) And [hence,] A^aloqaY All~ayolu A^axonaAvapu EalaY AlA^aroDi (assumed tropical:) The night cast the folds of its darkness upon the earth. (TA.) ― -b2- Also the former pl., (TA,) and the latter also, (K,) The parts of the dalow [or bucket] whence the water pours forth, between the EaraAqiY. (K, TA.) ― -b3- The sing. also signifies The interior of the part of the cheek by the side of the mouth, next the molar teeth, (K, TA,) above and below. (TA.) ― -b4- And A company in a state of dispersion. (K.) One in whom is an affectation of a bending, or of an inclining of the body, from side to side, and of languor, or languidness; or in whom is a bending and languidness; expl. by mano fiyhi tavan~K watakas~urN: (A, L, K:) or flaccid, or flabby, and affecting a bending, or an inclining of the body, from side to side: (S:) [or effeminate; like muxan~avN]: or one in whom is softness, delicacy, tenderness, flabbiness, laxness, or limberness, and an affectation of languor, or languidness: (Msb:) fem. with p. (TA.) And ↓ xunuvN (TA) and ↓ mixonaAvN, (K,) applied to a woman, (K, TA,) Soft, delicate, tender, flabby, lax, or limber, (TA,) and affecting languor, or languid- ness: (K, TA:) pl. of the latter maxaAniyvu. (TA.) One says to such a woman, ↓ yaAxanaAvi, (K,) [indecl.,] like qaTaAmi; (TA;) and to a man [of the same description], ↓ yaA xunavu. (K.) : see the next preceding paragraph. : see the next preceding paragraph. [A hermaphrodite;] one who has what is proper to the male and what is proper to the female: Kr makes it an epithet, and says rajulN xunovaY; (TA;) one who has what is proper to men and what is proper to women, (S, Mgh, K,) together; (S, K;) one who has, by creation, the anterior pudendum of a man and that of a woman: (Msb:) in the language of the lawyers, one who has what are proper to both sexes; or who has neither that of a man nor that of a woman: but some of them say that the former meaning is the proper one; and that he who has no external organ of generation is adjoined to the class of the xnvY as being subject to the same special laws: (MF, TA:) the pl. is xanaAvaY (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xinaAvN. (Msb, K.) -A2- Also The plant called barowaAqN [i. e. the asphodel]. (K in art. brq.) : see xanitN. A skin of the kind called qirobap folded, or doubled. (L.) : see muxan~avN. : see xunovN. : see muxan~atu. [More effeminate, or more incapable of venery, than Delál]: a prov. (S, TA.) Delál was a certain man of El-Medeeneh, (TA,) who was made a eunuch, together with several other muxan~avuwn. (TA in art. dl. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 451; where the name is erroneously written dal~aAl.]) , from xan~ava “he bent,” (S, K,) because of his softness, delicacy, tenderness, flabbiness, laxness, or limberness, and affectation of languor, or languidness; (TA;) or from xunovaY; (Kh, JK, MS;) An effeminate man; (T in art. Anv, and TA;) one who resembles a woman in gentleness, and in softness of speech, and in an affectation of languor of the limbs: (TA voce muw^an~avN, q. v.: [see also xanivN:]) it is written thus and ↓ muxan~ivN: (TA:) this latter is explained by some as meaning one who makes his speech like that of women, in softness and gentleness: (Msb, TA:) it is also said that both these epithets are used to signify one who affects languor, or languidness, of the limbs; one who makes himself like women in the bending of himself, and in affecting languor, or languidness, and in speech: but that one uses the latter epithet only when he means one who does what is excessively foul, or obscene; [i. e. a catamite; though this is a meaning often borne by the former also;] notwithstanding that taxoniyvN, as signifying the “committing such an action,” was unknown to the Arabs [of the classical ages], and is not found in their language: (MF, TA:) [often, also,] the former epithet signifies a man incapable of venery: (MA:) it is said in a trad. that they used to reckon the mxn~v as one of those having no need of nikaAH. (TA in art. Arb.) The muxan~av is also called ↓ xunaAvapu and ↓ xunayovapu [each imperfectly decl.]. (K, TA.) : see what next precedes. : see xanivN. xnjr (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xinojirN (Msb) and xinojarN, (K,) the last of a rare form, like dirohamN, (TA,) A knife: or a great knife: (K:) or a kind of large knife [or dagger, generally curved, and double-edged], (S, Mgh, Msb,) called in Persian da$onaho: (Mgh:) pl. xanaAjiru. (Msb.) Some say, [as, for instance, the author of the Msb,] that the n is augmentative, the measure being fnEl. (TA.) -A2- Also the first, (K,) and ↓ xunojuwrN, (As, S, TA,) or ↓ xunojuwrapN, and ↓ xanojarapN, (K,) A she-camel abounding with milk: (As, S, K:) pl. xanaAjiru. (S.) And ↓ xunojuwrapN A bulky she-camel. (K.) : see above. and xunojuwrapN: see xanojarN, in three places. xndrs Wine; (S, K;) so called because of its oldness: (S:) or old wine: (TA:) [accord. to some,] derived from xadorasapN, a word not explained: (K:) by some said to be of the measure fanoEaliysN, so that its radical letters are xdr; because wine is muxad~ir [i. e. a cause of torpor or languor]: by some said to be from xarosN; but to this it is objected that d is not augmentative: the truth is, that it is of the measure faEolaliylN, as Sb says: (MF:) by the author of the L and others, it is mentioned after art. xns: (TA:) or it is a Greek word, arabicized: (K:) [but I know not how this is, unless, as an epithet applied to wheat, (see what follows,) it be supposed to be from χόνδρος:] IDrd thought it to be an arabicized word: it may be an arabicized word from the Persian xanodaho riy$o, meaning “ having a laughing beard,” [or rather “one whose beard is laughed at,” i. e., “a laughing-stock,”] because he who makes use of it [namely of wine] has his beard laughed at. (TA.) ― -b2- You also say, HinoTap xanodariysN Old wheat: (IDrd, S, K:) and tamorN xanodariysN old dates. (TA.) xndq (K) and xanodaqa Hawolahu (TA) He dug a xanodaq, i. e. fosse, or moat, around it. (K, * TA.) [In the CK the words of this art. are with * in the place of d.] A fosse, or moat, [such as is] dug around the walls of cities: arabicized, from kanodaho, (IDrd, K,) which is Persian: (IDrd:) pl. xanaAdiqu. (TA.) ― -b2- And A valley. (TA.) One who makes a xanodaq [i. e. fosse, or moat]. (JK.) Tall. (TA. [But perhaps this is a mistranscription for HanodaquwqN, q. v.]) xnr : and Alxanaw~arN: and A^um~u xanaw~arK: see what follows, in four places. and ↓ xanaw~arN Any soft and weak tree: (K:) or such is called xnwrp [i. e. xan~uwrapN or Hanaw~arapN: each, without p, being app. a coll. gen. n.; and with p, a n. un.]. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, accord. to AHn, (TA,) The reeds of [which are made] arrows. (K.) -A2- A^um~u xan~uwrK (S, K) and A^um~u xin~aworK (K) The female hyena: (S, K:) or she is called by the latter appellation, accord. to Aboo-Riyásh: or, as some say, these are surnames of the hyena. (TA.) And The cow [probably the wild cow]. (Aboo-Riyásh, K.) ― -b2- Also Calamity, or misfortune. (S, K.) You say, waqaEa Alqawomu fiY A^um~i xan~uwrK The people, or party, fell into calamity, or misfortune. (L, TA. But see two other explanations in what follows.) ― -b3- And Plentifulness, and pleasantness or easiness, and softness or delicacy, of life; or a life of softness or delicacy, and ease, comfort, or affluence; syn. Aln~aEomapu: [in the CK Aln~iEomapu; which is in many instances in the CK, as I hold it to be in the present instance, erroneously substituted for Aln~aEomapu:] thus bearing two contrary significations: and Alxan~uwru and ↓ Alxanaw~aru signify the same, such as is apparent; (K;) or, as some say, abundant. (TA.) Some explain the saying above-mentioned as meaning The people, or party, fell into a state of plenty, or abundance, and softness or delicacy or easiness of life. (TA.) ― -b4- And The present world; or the present life, or state of existence; as also ↓ A^um~u xanaw~arK: (L:) or so Alxin~aworu and ↓ Alxanaw~aru. (K.) ― -b5- And The deserts; syn. AlS~aHaAraY: and so accord. to some in the saying mentioned above. (TA.) ― -b6- And The podex, or the anus; syn. AlAisotu: (K:) but AHát doubts respecting the teshdeed of the n; [app. whether this letter be doubled, or the w;] Aboo-Sahl says that it is A^um~u xin~aworK [only]: and IKh says that it means the Aisot of the bitch. (TA.) xnz , aor. ; (S, A, * Msb, K;) and xanaza, aor. ; (Msb;) inf. n. of the former, xanazN, (S, Msb, K,) and of the former also, (K,) or of the latter, (Msb,) xunuwzN; (Msb, K;) It (flesh-meat, S, A, Msb, K, and a date, and a walnut, TA) became stinking: (S, A, K:) or altered [in odour] : (Msb:) or maggotty and stinking: (TA:) like xazina. (S.) : see what next follows. , applied to flesh-meat, (Msb, K,) and to a date, and a walnut, (TA,) Stinking: (K:) or altered [in odour]: (Msb:) or maggotty and stinking: (TA:) as also ↓ xanazN. (Yaakoob, K.) : see what next follows. : see what next follows. Pride; self-magnification; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ xunozuwaAnN, and ↓ xunozuwaAniy~ap, and ↓ xunozuwapN: (K:) so called because it changes one from the right state: (TA:) pl. of the first, xunozuwaAnaAtN. (S.) You say, huwa *uw xunozuwaAnaAtN [He possesses proud feelings]. (S.) And fiyhi xunozuwaAnapN In him is pride. (A.) And laA^anozaEan~a xunozuwaAnataka [I will assuredly pluck out thy pride]. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. Stinking: (K:) used as a proper name, (TA,) applied to a woman: (K, TA:) from xaniza said of flesh-meat. (TA.) xnzr : and xinoziyrN: see art. xzr. xns , (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (S,) or , (Mgh, Msb,) or both, (K,) inf. n. xunuwsN, (A,) or xanosN, (Msb,) or both, (K, TA,) and xunaAsN, (TA,) He went, or drew, back or backwards; receded; retreated; retired; or retrograded: or he remained behind; held back; hung back; or lagged behind: syn. taA^ax~ara: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) Eanohu from him or it: (S, K:) or mino bayoni Alqawomi from among the company of people: and hid himself: (A:) or and shrank, or drew himself together: (TA:) and ↓ Anxns signifies the same; (Msb, K;) and so ↓ Axtns; and xanusa, aor. , is mentioned by Sgh: (TA:) or xanasa signifies he went back, &c., syn. tA^x~r: and also, he shrank, or drew himself together: (Mgh, Msb: *) and he hid himself; became hidden or absent. (TA.) You say, xanasa Alkawokabu (tropical:) The star returned, or went back, or retrograded: syn. rajaEa; a tropical signification: (A: [and in the TA it is said that xanosN is syn. with rujuwEN, and is tropical in this sense:]) or became hidden, (K, TA,) like a gazelle in its covert, (TA,) or like the devil when he hears the mention of God: (K, TA:) or became concealed in the day-time: (TA:) and xunuwsN signifies also the being, or becoming, depressed. (Ham p. 332.) And xanasa Eani Alqawomi He held back, or hung back, from the company of people; remained behind them, not going with them; syn, taxal~afa; (As, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, of the Benoo- 'Okeyl;) as also ↓ Anxns. (K.) [This is said in the TA to be tropical; but why, I see not.] And xanasati Aln~axolu (assumed tropical:) The palm-trees were backward to receive fecundation, (taA^ax~arato Eano qabuwli Alt~aloqiyHi, lit, held back from receiving fecundation,) so that it had not any effect upon them, and they did not bear fruit that year. (TA.) And yaxonisu Al$~ayoTaAnu A_i*aA samiEa *ikora A@ll~`hi The devil shrinks when he hears the mention of God. (Msb.) And xanasa mino bayoni A^aSoHaAbihi He hid himself from among his companions. (TA.) And xanasa Ean~iY (tropical:) He, or it, [app. the latter,] became hid from me. (A.) And xanasa bihi He went away with him; took him away; so that he was not seen; (ISh, K;) as also bh ↓ txn~s: (K:) and he hid him, or it. (TA.) -A2- See also 4, in four places. -A3- xanisa AlA^anofN, aor. , (Msb,) inf. n. xanasN, (S, A, Msb, K,) The nose was, or became, [camous, or camoys, i. e.,] depressed in its bone: (Msb:) or depressed in its bone, (A,) or contracted therein, (TA,) and wide in the end: (A, TA:) or retiring from the face, with a slight elevation in the end; (S, K, TA;) xanasN being nearly the same as faTasN: (TA:) or retiring towards the head, and rising from the lip, not being long nor prominent: or its bone lay close upon the elevated part of the cheek, and it was large in the end. (TA.) See also the inf. n. voce A^axonasu. ― -b2- xanisati Alqadamu, inf. n. xanasN, The foot was, or became, flat in the hollow part of the sole, and fleshy. (TA: but only the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is there mentioned.) He made him to go back or backwards; to recede, retreat, retire, or retrograde: or he put him, or placed him, or made him to be, behind, or after: or he made him to remain behind, hold back, hang back, or lag behind: or he kept him back: or he delayed, or retarded, him: syn. A^ax~arahu: (T, A, Msb, K:) as also ↓ xanasahu, (Fr, T, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb,) [and app., accord. to the K, also,] inf. n. xanosN; (Msb;) but the former is the more common: (TA:) and (tropical:) hid him, or it: or made him, or it, to hide himself or itself; (A;) or he left behind, (As, S:) and went away from, (S,) him, or it: (As, S:) or both signify he contracted, or drew together, or made to contract or draw together, him [or it]: (Msb:) or the latter verb has this signification as well as that of A^ax~arahu: (Mgh:) [and so has the former also, as will be seen below:] and the former also signifies (tropical:) he hid, or concealed, him, or it; (A;) as also bihi ↓ xanasa, as mentioned above. (TA.) You say, A^axonasotu Eanohu baEoDa Haq~ihi I kept back (A^ax~arotu) from him part of his right, or due. (Fr, TA.) And A^axonasuwA AlT~ariyqa (tropical:) They passed beyond the road: (AA, TA:) or left it behind them: (TA:) or passed beyond it and left it behind them. (A.) And A^a$aAra biA^arobaEK waA^axonasa A_ibohaAmahu, (A,) and ↓ xanasahaA, (Mgh, Msb, K,) He [made a sign with four fingers and] contracted his thumb. (Mgh, Msb, K.) It is related of Mohammad, that he said, “ The month is thus and thus, ” [twice extending the fingers and thumb of each hand,] and that, the third time, A_iSobaEahu ↓ xanasa, i. e., he contracted his finger, [meaning, one of his fingers,] to inform them that the month is nine and twenty [nights with their days]. (TA.) : see 1. see 1, in two places. see 1. : see A^axonasu. -A2- A place of gazelles: (K:) or a place to which gazelles betake themselves for covert. (L.) : see A^axonasu. The devil: (S, K:) an epithet applied to him, (Msb,) because he retires, or shrinks, or hides himself, (yaxonusu, S, Msb, K, i. e., yataA^ax~aru, as is implied in the S, or yanoqabiDu, Msb, or yagiybu, K,) at the mention of God; (S, Msb, K; *) being an intensive act. part. n. from xanasa. (Msb.) : see A^axonasu, in two places. Going back or backwards; receding; retreating; retiring; or retrograding: or remaining behind; holding back; hanging back; or lagging behind: syn. mutaA^ax~irN: pl. xun~asN. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Alxun~asu, (in the Kur lxxxi. 15, S,) (tropical:) The stars; (S, K;) i. e., all of them; because they retire, or hide themselves, (taxonusu,) at setting; or because they become concealed in the day-time: (S:) or the planets: (S, K:) or the five stars, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus, and Mercury: (Fr, S, K, Jel:) because they return, (taxonusu, i. c., tarojiEu, Jel,) in their course: (Fr, S, Jel:) when you see a star [thereof] in the end of a sign of the zodiac, it returns to the beginning of it: (Jel:) or because of their retrogression; for they are the erratic stars (AlkawaAkibu AlmutaHay~aripu), which [at one time appear to] retrograde, and [at another time to] pursue a direct [and forward] course: (S:) or because they sometimes return (txns) in their course until they become concealed in the light of the sun: (TA:) or because they hide themselves, as the devil does at the mention of God. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And hence, i. e., from xaAnisN in the sense of mutaA^ax~irN, the saying in a trad. of El- Hajjáj, AlA_ibilu Dim~arN xin~asN, meaning, (assumed tropical:) [Camels are lean, and lank in the belly, and] patient of thirst. (TA.) ― -b4- And All~ayaAliY Alxun~asu The three nights of the lunar month during which the moon retires [from view]. (TA.) [Having a camous, or camoys, nose;] having the configuration termed xanasN in the nose: (S, Msb, K:) [see xanisa AlA^anofu:] accord. to some, having a nose of which the bone is short and the end turning back towards its bone: (TA:) fem. xanosaA='u: (S, Msb:) pl. xunosN. (S, A.) ↓ xanasN in its original application is in gazelles and bulls and cows: (TA:) all bulls and cows are xunos, (S, A, TA,) and so are all gazelles: (TA:) or ↓ xunusN, with two dammehs, (K,) but written by Sh xunosN, (TA,) is used to signify gazelles: and bulls or cows: (K:) and xanosaA='u is an epithet applied to the wild cow: (K:) also A^axonasu, to the tick: (Sgh, K:) and the lion; and so ↓ xin~awosN; (K;) which last is an epithet so applied as relating to his face and his nose: (Fr, TA:) and the last, ↓ xn~ws, is also applied to a young pig: (As, TA:) or in this sense it is with S: (Fr, TA:) and ↓ xanaAsN is syn, with xin~awosN. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xunosN is metaphorically applied [as an epithet] to arrows, in the following verse, describing a coat of mail: lahaA EukanN tarud~u Aln~abola xunosFA watohozaA^u biA@lomaEaAbili waA@loqiTaAEi [It has folds which repel the arrows turned up at the points, and mock at the broad and long, and the small and broad, arrow-heads]. (TA.) ― -b3- qadamN xanosaA='u A foot flat in the hollow part of the sole, and fleshy. (TA.) xnsr : and xinosirN: and xanosariY~N: and xinosiyrN: and xanaAsiru: and xanaAsiyru: see art. xsr. xnS : see xin~awoSapN. The young of the swine: (Ibn-'Abbád, S, K:) and the young, or little, of anything: (K:) pl. xanaAniySu. (S, K.) [See also xin~awosN.] The young of the babor, q. v.; (K;) as also ↓ xinoSiySN. (Sgh, K.) ― -b2- Also A palm-tree which does not rise beyond reach of the hand. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) xnSr (S, Msb, K) and xinoSarN, (A, K,) the latter [of a rare form,] like dirohamN, (TA,) The little finger: (S, A, K:) or the middle finger: (K:) the latter signification said by MF to be unknown; but it is mentioned in the L, as from the Book of Sb: (TA:) [and the little toe:] of the fem. gender: (Msb, K:) pl. xanaASiru: (Sb, S, K:) like firosinN, it has no pl. formed by the addition of At: (Sb:) its pl. is also used as a sing., as though every part were termed xnSr; as in the phrase A_in~ahu laEaZiymu AlxanaASiri [Verily he has a large little finger]. (Lh.) You say, fulaAnN tuvonaY bihi AlxanaASiru [The little fingers are bent in mentioning such a one with others of his class]: i. e., one begins with him in mentioning persons of his class. (Msb.) [See 1 in art. vnY.] And in like manner you say, Ead~uwhu biAlxinoSiri [They counted him with the little finger]: i. e., they commenced with him in counting. (MF.) xnE , and lahu, (ISd,) [aor. ,] inf. n. xunuwEN (S, ISd, K) and xanoEN; (ISd;) [and app. xaniEa, aor. , inf. n. xanaEN; (see xanaEN, below; and xaniEN;)] He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive, (S, ISd, K,) to him, and petitioned him, or solicited him, he, the latter, not being a fit person to be petitioned, or solicited: (ISd:) or xunuwEN signifies the being low, vile, base, abject, or submissive; almost always in an improper case. (Ham p. 44.) ― -b2- Accord. to Lth, (TA,) xanoEN signifies The act of playing, toying, or dallying, and conversing with one of the other sex, enticing, or striving to induce, the latter to yield to one's desire, and behaving in a soft, tender, or blandishing, manner. (K, TA.) You say, xanaEa Aln~isaA='a, [or more probably, liln~isaA='i,] He played, &c., with women, and behaved in a soft, tender, or blandishing, manner to them. (TK.) ― -b3- xanaEa, aor. , (Lth, K,) inf. n. xanoEN and xunuwEN, (Lth,) also signifies He acted in a suspicious manner, or so as to induce suspicion or evil opinion; (K;) he acted vitiously, or immorally; or committed adultery, or fornication. (Lth, K.) You say, xanaEa A_ilayohaA He came to her for a vitious, or an immoral, purpose; or for the purpose of adultery, or fornication: (Lth, TA:) or, as some say, he listened to her. (TA.) ― -b4- And xanaEa bihi, aor. , inf. n. xunuwEN, He acted perfidiously, unfaithfully, or treacherously, to him; or broke his compact, contract, covenant, or the like, with him. (TA.) -A2- xanaEa fulaAnFA A_ilaY Als~awo'api He, or it, invited such a one to that which was foul, abominable, or evil; as also xaDaEa. (TA in art. xDE.) (S, K *) Want, or need, made me lowly, humble, or submissive, to thee; or constrained me to have recourse to thee, and to require thine aid. (S, * K.) [app. inf. n. of xaniEa,] Lowness, vileness, baseness, abjectness, or submissiveness; almost always, in an improper case. (Ham p. 44.) [app. part. n. of xaniEa,] Low, vile, base, abject, or submissive. (KL.) [See what next precedes.] A thing that induces suspicion or evil opinion; (S, K;) a vitious, or an immoral, act; or adultery; or fornication. (K.) [See a remark on one of the pls. of xaAniEN.] You say, AiT~alaEato mino fulaAnK EalaY xanoEapK I became acquainted with, or got knowledge of, a vitious, or an immoral, act of such a one. (TA.) And waqaEa fiY xanoEapK He fell into a thing of which one is ashamed. (TA.) -A2- A vacant place. (O, L, K.) You say, laqiytuhu bixanoEapK faqaharotuhu I found him, or met him, in a vacant place, and I overcame him. (K, * TA.) Necessity, or constraint: and excuse. (TA.) ― -b2- rajulN *uw xunuEaAtK A man in whom is corruptness, or vitiousness, or corrupt or vitious conduct. (TA.) Perfidious, unfaithful, or treacherous; one who breaks his compact, contract, covenant, or the like. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) ― -b2- One who turns away from, or shuns, or avoids, another. (Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) The state of being bad, evil, abominable, foul, unseemly, ugly, or hideous; or excessively bad, &c. (TA.) One who acts in a suspicious manner, or so as to induce suspicion or evil opinion; who acts vitiously, or immorally; or commits adultery, or fornication: (S, K:) pl. xunuEN (K, TA) and xanaEapN. (TA.) El-Aashà says, humo AlxaDaArimu A_ino gaAbuwA wa A_ino $ahiduwA wa laA yarawona A_ilaY jaAraAtihimo xunuEaA [They are the bountiful, if they be absent and if they be present; and they do not see persons acting in a suspicious manner, &c., towards their wives]. (TA.) [The latter hemistich of this verse is cited in the S; in one copy of which I find yurawona in the place of yarawona: and it seems to be there implied that xunuEN is pl. of xunoEapN; but I do not know any instance of fuEulN as the measure of a pl. of a word of the measure faEolapN.] ― -b2- One who commits a foul action whereof the disgrace returns upon him, and is ashamed of it, and hangs down his head towards the ground. (As, on the authority of an Arab of the desert.) , (K,) or A_ilaY A@ll~`hi, (TA,) The vilest and most abasing (A^a*al~u and A^aqoharu) of names, (K,) for a man, and the most effectual to bring into a state of humility and humiliation, in the estimation of God, is “ king of kings; ” like [the Persian] $aAhino$aAho; because this name belongs to God himself: a trad., which is variously related: (TA:) accord. to different relations, thus, and A^anoxaEu, (K,) meaning “ most effectual to kill, and destroy, ” its owner, (TA,) and A^aboxaEu, [which means the same,] (K, TA, [in the CK AanojaEu,]) and A^axonaY, (K,) meaning “ most foul, abominable, or the like. ” (TA in art. xnY.) applied to a camel, Broke; trained; rendered submissive, or manageable. (K, TA.) And in like manner applied to a place [app. as meaning Rendered easy to sit, or lie, upon; or, to travel]. (TA.) xnfs and its variations: see what here follows. (S, Msb, K) [in two copies of the S, in which it is without the article, written without tenween, but in the Msb and K it has the article prefixed, and is therefore necessarily without tenween,] and xunofusaA=', (Msb, TA,) which is more common, (Msb,) [but this I doubt, for I have found it nowhere else,] and ↓ xunofasN (S, K) and xunofusN (TA) and xinofisN, (K,) which last is of the dial. of the people of El-Basrah, (TA,) and xunofusapN and xunofusapN, (K,) [The black beetle: or a certain species thereof:] a well-known creeping thing; (Msb;) a certain insect, (S, K,) black, (K,) of fetid odour, smaller than the juEal, found in the bottoms of walls: (TA:) the first and second of these words are both applied to the male and the female: (Msb:) or xunofasN is applied to the male, (AA, Msb,) by some of the Arabs, (Msb,) and is syn. with EunoZabN and HunoZabN, (AA, TA,) and xunofusN is not disallowable, being agree- able with analogy: (Msb:) and xunofasaA'apN is applied to the female, [which, if correct, shows xnfsA=' to be with tenween,] and so is xunofasapN: (S:) or xnfsA'p, with p, is not allowable; [and if so, xnfsA=' is without tenween;] (As, TA;) and xnfsp is [not applied to the female, but] used by the Benoo-Asad for xnfsA=', as though they made the p a substitute for the A: (Msb:) [and this seems to indicate that the A is a fem. A, grammatically speaking, and that the word is therefore without tenween:] the pl. is xanaAfisu. (Msb.) One says, huwa A^alaH~u mina AlxunofasaA='i [He is more persevering than the black beetle]: because it returns to thee as often as thou throwest it away. (TA.) [Accord. to the K, the n in the words of this art. is radical; but accord. to the S and Msb, augmentative.] xnq , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. , (S, Msb,) inf. n. xaniqN (S Mgh, Msb, K) and xanoqN, (Msb, TA,) the latter a contraction of the former, (Msb,) or, accord. to El-Fárábee, the latter is not allowable, (Mgh,) He throttled him, or strangled him, i. e. squeezed his throat (Mgh, Msb) that he might die; (Msb;) [but it does not always mean he squeezed his throat so that he died; often meaning, simply, he, or it, throttled him, strangled him, or choked him; and frequently said of a disease in the throat, and of food;] and ↓ xn~qhu signifies the same, (S, K,) [or has an intensive meaning,] and its inf. n. is taxoniyqN. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] AlEaborapu ↓ xan~aqatohu [and xanaqatohu] (assumed tropical:) Weeping [or sobbing] choked him; as though the tears throttled him. (Mgh.) ― -b3- And xuniqa He (a horse) was affected with the disease, or wind in the throat, termed xunaAqiy~ap. (TA.) ― -b4- And xanaqa Alwaqota, aor. as above, (assumed tropical:) He postponed, or deferred, and [so] straitened, the time: and xanaqa AlS~alaApa (assumed tropical:) He straitened the time of prayer by postponing it, or deferring it. (TA.) see 1, in two places. ― -b2- You say also, xn~q Als~araAbu AljibaAla, inf. n. taxoniyqN, (tropical:) The mirage nearly covered the heads of the mountains. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And xn~q AlA_inaA='a (tropical:) He filled the vessel: (K, TA:) or filled it up (sad~ada maloA^ahu): and in like manner, AlHawoDa [the watering-trough]. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) ― -b4- And xn~q AlA^arobaEiyna (tropical:) He (a man) nearly attained to [the age of] forty [years]. (K, TA.) see what next follows, in three places. He was, or became, throttled, or strangled; i. e. he had his throat squeezed that he might die; (JK, * S, * Msb, K; *) [and simply he was, or became, throttled, strangled, or choked;] as also ↓ Anxnq: (JK, * Msb:) or you say, ↓ Anxnqt Al$~aApu binafosihaA [the sheep, or goat, became throttled, or strangled, or choked, by itself]: (S, K:) or ↓ AlAinoxinaAqu signifies the having the xinaAq [q. v.] compressed upon one's throat: and AlAixotinaAqu, the compressing it upon one's own throat. (TA.) : see muxan~aqN. inf. n. of xanaqahu: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) -A2- and i. q. maxonuwqN q. v. (JK, K.) : see xinaAqN. [Quinsy;] a certain disease which pre vents the passage of the breath to the lungs and heart; (K;) as also [↓ xunaAqapN thus in modern Arabic, and] ↓ xun~aAqN: pl. xawaAniyqu (TA) [and xan~aAniyqu, thus in modern Arabic]. ― -b2- See also muxan~aqN, in three places. A cord, (JK, S, Mgh, K,) or bow-string, or the like, (Mgh,) with which one is strangled; (JK, * S, * Mgh, K; *) also, metaphorically, termed xan~aAqK ↓ mixonaqapu. (Mgh.) ― -b2- See also muxan~aqN, in two places. ― -b3- falohamN xinaAqN (assumed tropical:) A narrow vulva of a woman: (Abu-l-'Abbás, TA:) and ↓ xunuqN [or furuwju xunuqN, for xunuqN is app. pl. of xinaAqN, like as kunuzN is pl. of kinaAzN,] (assumed tropical:) narrow vulvas (IAar, K) of women. (IAar.) ― -b4- humo fiY xinaAqK mina Almawoti (assumed tropical:) They are in straitness by reason of death. (TA.) : see maxonuwqN, in three places. : see xunaAqN. A certain disease in the throats of birds and horses: (K:) or a certain disease that attacks the bird in its head, and the horse in its throat, and chokes it: (JK:) or a certain disease, or wind, that attacks men and horses or similar beasts in the throat, and sometimes attacks birds in the head and throat, mostly appearing in pigeons. (TA.) : see xaAniqN. ― -b2- Also One who sells fish [taken] with the xan~aAqap [q. v.]. (TA.) : see xunaAqN. A snare with which beasts of prey are taken (JK, TA) by the throat: and a snare with which fish are taken in El-Andalus. (TA.) One who strangles; (Msb, TA; *) as also ↓ xan~aAqN: (Mgh, Msb:) or the latter signifies one whose office it is to strangle. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xaAniqu Al*~iy^obi and xaAniqu Aln~amiri and xaAniqu Alkalobi and xaAniqu Alkirosan~api [in the CK Alkarosan~apu] Four herbs: (K:) [the first and second, in the present day, wolfsbane, or aconite: or, as Golius says, referring for the former and latter respectively to Diosc. iv. 78 and 77, the former is the aconitum lycoctonon; and the latter, the aconitum pardalianches: the third, dogsbane, or colchicum; or, as Golius says, referring to Diosc. iv. 81, apocynon: and the fourth, strangle-weed, (because it strangles the kirosan~ap, or bitter vetch,) or broomrape, i. e., as Golius says, referring to Diosc. ii. 172 and Ibn-Beytár, orobanche:] the first is high (m$rf [but perhaps this should be mu$oriq i. e. shining]) in the leaves, downy, and resembling the dlb [?]: the second is like the tail of the scorpion, glistening, about a span [in height], and has not more than five leaves: each of these is of the [season called] rabiyE; and they are poisonous; they kill all animals; the *iy^ob and the namir being particularized only because of the quickness of its acting in them: Ibn-Seenà says, in the “ Kánoon, ” the leaves of xAnq Alnmr, when mixed with fat, and kneaded and baked with bread, and given as food to wolves and dogs and foxes and leopards (nmr), kills them: whence it seems that this may be two herbs or one herb. (TA.) ― -b3- xaAniqN signifies also (tropical:) A narrow road or ravine, in a mountain: (S, * K, * TA:) or a narrow place or pass, between two mountains, and between two tracts of sand. (JK.) [See also muxotanaqN.] ― -b4- And (tropical:) A narrow street; syn. zuqaAqN; (S, K, TA;) in the dial. of the people of ElYemen. (S, TA.) ― -b5- See also maxonuwqN, in two places. A convent inhabited by righteous and good men, and Soofees; an arabicized word, from [the Persian] xaAnaho GaAho; [and post-classical, for] El-Makreezee says that the xAnqAh was instituted in the fifth century of the Flight, for Soofee recluses to employ themselves therein in the service of God: (TA:) [pl. xawaAniqu.] A man of, or belonging to, a xaAnaqaAh. (TA.) : see muxan~aqN, in two places. A necklace, syn. qilaAdapN, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) that surrounds the neck; (Mgh, Msb;) wherefore it is thus called; (Msb;) [i. e., because] it lies against the muxan~aq: pl. maxaAniqu. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xinaAqN. [And see ziraAdN.] : see maxonuwqN. ― -b2- [Hence,] gulaAmN muxan~aqu AlxaSori (assumed tropical:) A boy slender in the waist. (K.) -A2- Also The part, of the neck, which is the place of the cord [or the like] called xinaAq [wherewith one is strangled]; (S, K; *) i. e., (TA,) the throat; (K, accord. to the TA; in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K ↓ maxonaq;) and so ↓ xunaAqN, (S, K, in the former said to be syn. with muxan~aqN,) and ↓ xinaAqN (K) and ↓ xanoqN. (TA; and so, accord. to the TA, in the K.) You say, A^axa*otu bimuxan~aqihi [I seized his throat]. (S.) And A^axa*ahu bimuxan~aqihi (K, accord. to the TA, but accord. to the CK and my MS. copy of the K ↓ bimaxonaqihi,) and ↓ bixunaAqihi and ↓ bixinaAqihi, i. e. [He took him, or seized him,] by his throat. (K.) And A^axa*a bimuxan~aqihi (A in art. zrd) and ↓ bixunaAqihi (S) [properly He, or it, seized his throat, or throttled him, or choked him; meaning] (tropical:) he, or it, straitened him; as also A^axa*a bimuzar~adihi. (A in art. zrd.) And A^axa*a minohu biAlmuxan~aqi (tropical:) He, or it, constrained him, and straitened him. (TA.) And balaga minohu Almuxan~aqa [properly It reached his throat; meaning (assumed tropical:) it straitened him, or distressed him]. (S.) balaga AlA^amoru Almuxan~aqa signifies the same as balaga Almu*am~ara, (A in art. *mr,) which means (assumed tropical:) The affair, or case, or event, reached a distressing pitch. (K in art. *mr.) and ↓ xaniqN and ↓ xaniyqN (JK, K) and ↓ xaAniqN, applied to a man, [and to any animal, as also ↓ muxan~aqN, Throttled, or strangled, i. e. having his throat squeezed that he may die; but not always meaning, so as to be killed thereby; often meaning, simply, throttled, strangled, or choked;] (JK;) all signify the same; from xanaqahu: (JK, K:) or ↓ xaAniqN, in the place of ↓ xaniyqN, signifies *w xnAq [app. meaning having a xinaAq, or cord, &c., by which he is throttled, or strangled, round his neck; or perhaps having a xunaAq, or quinsy]: (TA:) and ↓ $aApN xaniyqapN and ↓ munoxaniqapN signify a sheep, or goat, throttled, or strangled, i. e. having its throat squeezed that it may die: (Msb:) or the latter of these two means a sheep, or goat, throttled, or strangled, or choked, by itself (Ainoxataqato binafosihaA). (S, TA. [See 8.]) It is said in a prov., (Meyd,) Aifotadi maxonuwqu, (Meyd, K,) i. e. yaA maxonuwqu [Ransom thyself, O thou who art throttled, or strangled, or choked]; applied to any one distressed and constrained; (Meyd;) meaning free thyself from difficulty (K, TA) and harm: (TA:) or, as some relate it, AifotadaY maxonuwqN [One throttled, or strangled, or choked, ransomed himself]. (Meyd.) A narrow place or pass. (S, TA.) [See also xaAniqN, near the end of the paragraph.] (tropical:) A horse whose blaze occupies his jaws, (K, TA,) extending to the roots of his ears. (TA.) : see maxonuwqN. xnw , aor. yaxonuw, inf. n. xanowN and xanFA: see xaniYa, in the art. here following. xnY (S, K) Ealayohi (S) fiY manoTiqihi (TA,) aor. yaxonaY, inf. n. xanFY; (TA;) as also xanaA, (JK, K,) aor. yaxonuw, (JK, TA,) inf. n. xanowN (K, TA) and xanFA; (JK, TA;) and ↓ AxnY (JK, S, K) Ealayohi fiY manoTiqihi, (S, TA,) or fiY kalaAmihi, (JK,) He uttered foul, abominable, unseemly, or obscene, speech (JK, * S, K) against him. (S, TA.) -A2- xanaY, (JK, K,) [aor. yaxoniY,] inf. n. xanoYN, (TA,) He cut, or severed, the trunk of a palm-tree (JK, K) with an axe; (JK;) as also xanaA^a. (JK, TA.) see 1. ― -b2- AxnY Ealayohi also signifies He, (a man, S,) or it, (misfortune, Ham p. 430,) corrupted, or marred, his state. (S, Ham, TA.) And the same, (S,) or AxnY Ealayohimo, (JK, K,) said of time, or fortune, (JK, S,) It destroyed him, or them. (JK, S, K.) And the former, said of time, It became long to him. (K.) ― -b3- AxnY bihi signifies A^asolamahu waxafara *im~atahu [or, app., bi*im~atihi: a phrase which admits of two contr. meanings; He betrayed him, and broke his covenant, or the like; and he preserved him in safety, and fulfilled his covenant, &c.]. (TA.) ― -b4- AxnY AljaraAdu The locusts had many eggs. (AHn, K.) ― -b5- AxnY AlmaroEaY The pasturage had much and luxuriant herbage. (AHn, K. *) [more properly written xanFY, originally an inf. n.,] Foul, abominable, unseemly, or obscene, speech: (S, TA, and Ham p. 489:) or the most foul, abominable, unseemly, or obscene, of speech. (JK, T, TA.) And ↓ xnAyp [written without any syll. signs, app. xanaAyapN, like faHaA$apN,] is of the measure fEAlp from xanFA [and seems to be syn. therewith as an inf. n. or as a subst.]: it occurs in the saying of El-Katámee, daEuwA Alt~amora laA tuvonuwA EalayohaA xnAypF faqado A^aHosanota fiY jul~i maA bayonanaA Alt~amoru [Leave ye dates: speak not of them in a foul manner, or speak not of them foul speech; for dates have benefited in most of what has occurred between us, or among us]. (TA.) ― -b2- xanaA Ald~ahori The calamities of time or fortune. (JK, K.) Foul, abominable, unseemly, or obscene, speech; and kalimapN xaniyapN a foul, an abominable, an unseemly, or an obscene, word or expression or sentence: (S:) or most foul, &c.: (JK:) [or having a foul, an abominable, an unseemly, or an obscene, meaning; for] xanK is not a verbal epithet, since we know not xaniyati Alkalimapu, but a possessive epithet; like the instance, mentioned by Sb, in rajulN TaEimN, meaning *uw TaEaAmK; and nahirN, meaning [SaAHibu nahaArK or] sayamur~u biAln~ahaAri; &c. (TA.) : see xanFA. The most foul, or abominable, or unseemly, of names. (TA.) [See A^axonaEu.] xw Hunger. (IAar, K.) [And so xawFY and xawaA='u, belonging to art. xwy; with which the present art. is intimately connected.] -A2- A wide valley: (K:) any wide valley in a soft, or plain, [low ground such as is termed] jaw~; (Az, TA;) as also xawFY: (Az, TA in art. xwY:) and low, or depressed, ground; (TA;) as also ↓ xuw~apN: (JK, TA:) or the former, a soft place: (JK:) or soft ground; as in the saying, waqaEa garosuka bixaw~F What thou hast planted has chanced to be in soft ground, in which it will take root and not fail to be productive. (TA.) [ , by a mistake in the CK, in art. xwY, is made to signify Honey: see xuwaA='N in that art.] [app. xaw~apN] Languor: occurring in a trad., in which it is said, wa A^axa*a A^abaA jaholK xw~pN falaA yanoTiqu [And a languor seized Aboo-Jahl, so that he spoke not]. (IAth, TA.) A vacant land. (K.) ― -b2- See also xaw~N. -A2- Also a dial. var. of A^uxuw~apN. (IAth, TA in art. Axw: see 1 in that art.) xwA^ The name of the letter x, q. v.; as also xaA: [it is called xaA in a case of pause, and xaA='N when made a noun:] it is fem. and masc.: [its dim. is xayay~apN, meaning a x written small, or indistinct: (see HaA='N in art. HwA^:)] and its pl. is A^axowaA='N and A^axoyaA='N and xaAA=tN. (TA in bAb AlAlf Ally~np.) , (AZ * and S * and TA in bAb AlAlf Ally~np, and K and TA in the present art.,) in which xaA='i is a Sawot [or noun significant of a sound], indecl., with kesr for its termination; (S, TA;) and xaAy^iY bk, as in the Book of the Nawádir by Ibn-Háni, (Az, TA,) in which latter, ISd says, the Y is not for a sign of the fem. gender, because the word is a Swt; and, as Sh says, on the authority of A'Obeyd, xaAy^ibika; but correctly written as in the Book of Ibn-Háni; (Az, TA;) Hasten thou [to us]: (AZ, Az, S, K, TA:) it is also used in addressing a female, and two persons, and a pl. number: (S, TA:) you say [xaA='i biki, and] xaAy^iY biki; and xA='i bikumaA, and xaAy^iY bikumaA; and [xaA='i bikumo, and] xaAy^iY bikumo. (TA.) In the saying of El-Kumeyt, bixaAy^iY bika A@loHaqo yahotifuwna waHaY~a halo [which app. means Calling out “ Hasten thou, come up with us, ” and “ Come, ” or “ come quickly, ” &c.,] it is held by Ibn-Selemeh to be used as an imprecation, meaning xibota [mayest thou be disappointed of attaining that which thou desirest]; the poet saying bixaAy^ibika for biA^amorika A@l~a*iY xaAba waxasira [meaning By thine affair that shall result in disappointment, and be an occasion of loss]: which, as you see, is at variance with the explanation of AZ. (S, TA.) and xaAwiY~N and xawiY~N [a mistranscription for xayawiY~N, like bayawiY~N and tayawiY~N] rel. ns. of xaA='N and xaA the names of the letter x. (TA in bAb AlAlf All~ynp.) xwb , aor. yaxuwbu, inf. n. xawobN, He was, or became, poor, needy, or indigent. (IAar, K.) ― -b2- See also xaAba in art. xyb. A state of utter destitution, in which nothing remains in possession: so in the saying, A^aSaAbatohumo xawobapN [A state of utter destitution befell them]. (A'Obeyd, T.) ― -b2- Hunger: (AA, T, S, A, K:) pl. xawobaAtN. (TA.) So in the phrase, A^aSaAbatohu xawobapN [Hunger befell him]. (AA, S.) Sh knew not this word, and thought it to be a mistake for HawobapN; (T;) which latter signifies “ want. ” (S.) [See the latter word.] -A2- A tract of land upon which rain has not fallen, between two tracts of land watered by rain. (AA, S, K.) ― -b2- Land that is bad, (S,) in which is no pasture (S, K) nor water. (TA.) So in the saying, nazalonaA bixawobapK mina AlA^aroDi [We alighted in bad land, without pasture or water]. (S.) [See also HuwbapN.] xwt , (S, A, K,) aor. yaxuwtu, inf. n. xawotN (S, TA) and xawaAtapN; (TA;) and ↓ AxtAt, (S, K,) and ↓ AnxAt; (K;) He (a hawk, or falcon, S, K, and an eagle, A, TA) pounced down, or made a stoop, upon the prey, or quarry, (S, A, K,) to take it, or seize it, (S,) making a sound to be heard with his wings. (TA.) And xaAtati AlEuqaAbu, aor. taxuwtu, inf. n. xawaAtN, The eagle made a sound by the motion of its wings [in pouncing down]. (S.) -A2- Also xAt, (K,) inf. n. xawotN, (TA,) He (for instance an eagle, TA) seized, or snatched away, (K, TA,) a thing; (TA;) and so ↓ txw~t, (IAar, K,) and ↓ AxtAt. (TA in art. xyt [where this last is said to belong to the present art.].) You say of the hawk, AlT~ayora ↓ AxtAt He seized, or snatched away, the birds: (TA in art. xyt:) and of the wolf, Al$~aApa ↓ AxtAt (Fr, S, TA) He seized, or snatched away, the sheep or goat; (TA in art. xyt;) or he stole away the sheep or goat by stratagem. (Fr, S, K.) ― -b2- xAt maAlahu He (a man) lessened, or diminished, his property; or took from it by little and little; syn. tanaq~aSahu; (K;) as also maAlahu ↓ txw~t, (S, K,) and txw~fhu: (S:) and xaAtahu maAlahu, aor. yaxuwtuhu and yaxiytuhu, [he lessened, or diminished, to him his property; or did so by taking from it by little and little;] both signify the same. (K in art. xyt.) ― -b3- And xAt He (a man, TA) lessened, diminished, or impaired, his provision of corn or food (miyratahu); or made it defective, or deficient. (K.) -A3- xAt, (aor. as above, Msb,) also signifies He (a man) broke his promise: (IAar, S, Msb, K:) and broke, or dissolved, his compact, contract, or covenant. (K.) , (K,) inf. n. muxaAwatahu, (TA,) i. q. saAraqahu [i. e. He cast his eye furtively towards a spot between me and him; meaning, towards me: see similar phrases in art. dwn]. (K.) see 1, in two places: ― -b2- and see also 8, in two places. see 1, first sentence. see 1, in four places. ― -b2- One says also, AxtAt baladFA, and ↓ txw~thu, He cut off for himself a land, or district. (IAar, TA in art. xwY.) ― -b3- And fulaAnN yaxotaAtu Hadiyva Alqawomi, (S, K, *) and ↓ yataxaw~atu, (S,) Such a one takes of the discourse of the people, or party, and learns it by heart [one part after another]. (S, K. *) In [some of] the copies of the K, in the explanation of AxtAt AlHadiyva, for fataHaf~aZahu is erroneously put fataxaT~afahu. (TA.) ― -b4- And A_in~ahumo yaxotaATuwna All~ayoli, meaning yasoruwna wa yaqoTaEuwna AlT~ariyqa [Verily they journey by night, and make the road to be feared, relying upon their strength, and robbing and slaying men]. (S: [in two copies of which I find yasiyruwna in the place of yasoruwna.]) The sound made by the motion of the wings of an eagle. (S, K. [In a copy of the S, I find it said that this word is fem., though its meaning is masc.; and the same is said in the TA, doubtless from another copy of the S; but this observation, which is omitted in one copy of the S in my possession, applies to xawaApN, mentioned in art. xwY in the S, as meaning SawotN.]) And A sound [absolutely]; (K;) as also ↓ xawaAtahu: (TA:) or the sound, or noise, of thunder, and of a torrent, or flow of water. (AHn, K.) A poet says, falaAHis~a A_il~aA xawaAtu Als~uyuwli [And there was no sound but the noise of the torrents]; (AHn, TA;) which shows that we should read in the K waAls~ayoli; not wAlsylu, as in some copies. (TA.) : see the next preceding paragraph. A bold, daring, brave, or courageous, man. (S, K.) ― -b2- One who is always eating, but does not eat much. (K.) -A2- A great promisebreaker. (Msb.) [act. part. n. of 1]. xaAy^itapN signifies An eagle (EuqaAbN) pouncing down, or making a stoop, (S, K,) and thereby causing a sound to be heard. (S.) -A2- Breaking his promise; or one who breaks a promise. (Msb.) xwx [The peach, or peaches;] a well-known kind of fruit, (K, TA,) which is eaten; (TA;) i. q. duraAqinN: (K in art. drqn:) sing., (K,) or n. un., (S,) ↓ xawoxapN. (S, K.) -A2- See also what follows. : see above. -A2- Also An aperture (S, A, Mgh, K) in a wall, (S, A, Mgh,) admitting the light (S, A, K) to a house, or chamber. (K.) ― -b2- A passage (muxotaraqN) between any two houses, not having a door, or gate: (K:) of the dial. of El-Hijáz; (TA;) [and of Egypt, where it is applied to a lane leading from one street or quarter to another: coll. gen. n. ↓ xawoxN:] accord. to some, a passage (muxotaraqN) between any two things: and a small door-way between two houses, or chambers, with a door affixed to it. (L.) ― -b3- A wicket, or small door, (A, Mgh,) in a large door. (A.) [Golius, as on the authority of Meyd, explains it as meaning Fenestella in medio januæ.] ― -b4- [Also applied to A sluice in a rivulet: see daraqapN.] ― -b5- (tropical:) The anus; syn. duburN. (K, TA.) -A3- A kind of green garment: (Az, K:) of the dial. of Mekkeh. (TA.) xwd , (L,) inf. n. taxowiydN, (S, L, K,) He (a camel, L) went quickly; or was quick in his pace or going: (S, L, K:) he went quickly, and threw out his legs: or, as some say, he shook, as though he were convulsed: and in like manner, a male ostrich: and sometimes it is said of a man, signifying as first explained above. (L.) ― -b2- xaw~ada raA^oluhu: see art. rA^l. -A2- He sent the stallion, fiYAlA_ibili among the camels. (L, K.) -A3- He obtained somewhat of food. (K.) He (a camel) shook in going, by reason of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (A.) ― -b2- It (a branch) inclined, (A, TA,) or bent. (K.) , applied to a girl, (S,) or young woman, (L,) or a female, (A, K,) Soft, or tender, (S, A, L, K,) and youthful: (A:) or goodly, or beautiful, in make, and youthful, (L, K,) not yet of middle age: (L:) pl. xawodaAtN (L, K) and xuwdN; (S, L, K;) the latter like ludonN as pl. of ladonN, an epithet applied to a spear. (S, L.) xwr , aor. yaxuwru, (S, A, Mgh,) inf. n. xuwaArN (JK, S, A, Mgh, K *) and xaworN, (JK,) He (a bull) uttered his cry; [i. e. lowed, or bellowed;] (Lth, JK, S, A, Mgh, K;) this being its primary signification: (Er-Rághib:) the inf. n. xwAr, used agreeably with this explanation, occurs in the Kur xx. 90 [and vii. 146]: (S:) it signifies the loud crying [i. e. the lowing or bellowing] of a cow and of a calf: (Lth:) and the crying [i. e. bleating] of sheep, or that of goats, and of gazelles, (K,) and of any beast: (Er-Rághib:) and the sounding [i. e. whizzing] of arrows: (K:) of any of these, you say, xaAra, aor. and inf. n. as above. (TA.) [Hence,] lahu SawotN kaxuwaAri Alv~awori He has a voice like the bellowing of the bull. (A.) ― -b2- [And hence, (see 10,)] xAr Ealayohi (tropical:) He bent, turned, or inclined, towards him. (A.) -A2- xAr, aor. as above, (S, Msb,) inf. n. xuw^uwrN, (S, K, [for which Golius, as on these authorities, substitutes xuw^uwrapN,]) said of a man, (S,) and of anything, (TA,) He, or it, was, or became, weak, or feeble, (S, Msb, K,) and languid; (S, TA;) as also xawira, (TA,) aor. yaxowaru, (JK,) inf. n. xawarN; (S, * K, * TA;) and ↓ xiw~ir, (JK, TA,) inf. n. taxowiyrN. (K.) xAr and xawira both signify It was soft, or fragile; said of anything, like a reed. (JK.) It is said in a trad. of 'Omar, lano yaxuwra qawiY~N maA daAma SaAHibuhaA banoziEu wayanozuw, meaning A possessor of strength (SaAHibu quw~apK) will not be weak as long as he can pull his bow and leap to his beast. (TA.) In a camel that is drinking, xawarN denotes, or implies, a quality that is praised; i. e. Patient enduring of thirst and fatigue: and a quality dispraised; i. e. the lacking patience to endure thirst and fatigue. (TA.) ― -b2- Also, said of heat, (S, TA,) and of cold, inf. n. xuw^uwrN and xuw^uwrapN, (JK,) (tropical:) It became faint; it remitted, or abated; (JK, S, TA;) and so xawira, inf. n. xawarN; and ↓ xw~r. (TA.) And xAr Ean~aA, said of cold, It ceased from us; quitted us. (A.) -A3- xaArahu, (JK, S,) inf. n. xaworN, (S, K,) He hit, or hurt, his xaworaAn, (JK, S, K, *) in thrusting or piercing him with a spear or the like. (JK, S.) : see 1, in two places. -A2- xw~rhu He attributed to him weakness, or feebleness, and languor. (TA.) , (S, K,) inf. n. A_ixaArapN, (S,) [app., in its' primary acceptation, He caused him to utter a cry. (See 10.) ― -b2- And hence,] (assumed tropical:) He bent, turned, or inclined, him, or it. (S, K.) You say, A^axaronaA AlmaTaAyaA A_ilaY mawoDiEi ka*aA (assumed tropical:) We bent, or turned, the riding-camels to such a place. (S.) The bulls lowed, or bellowed, one to another. (A.) [He endeavoured to make her (namely, a gazelle, or a wild cow,) to utter her cry; or] he uttered a cry in order that she should do the same. (TA.) The sportsman, coming to a place in which he thinks the young one of a gazelle or [wild] cow to be, utters a cry like that of her young one; and the mother, hearing it, if she have a young one, thinks the cry to be that of her young one, and follows the cry. (S, * TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (S, TA,) AstxArhu (tropical:) He endeavoured to make him bend, turn, or incline: (JK, S, A, K, TA:) and he called him to him: and he interrogated him; or desired him to speak; syn. AisotanoTaqahu: namely, a man. (JK.) [AstxAr Almanozila is explained in the L and K as meaning AisotanoZafahu: to which is added in the TA, kA^n~h Tlb xyrh, with the remark that it should therefore properly be mentioned in art. xyr: but an explanation in the sentence immediately preceding, and a verse cited below, evidently show that AstnZfh is a mistranscription for AisotanoTaqahu, and that xyrh should be xabarahu: so that the meaning is He interrogated the place of abode.] The author of the L cites, as an ex., the saying of El-Kumeyt, walano yasotaxiyru rusuwma Ald~iyaAri liEawolatihi *uw AlS~ibaY AlmuEwilu [And he who is affected with youthful amorousness, wailing, will not ask the remains, or traces, of the dwellings to reply to his wailing: but for liEawolatihi I would rather read biEawolatihi; i. e., will not interrogate them with his wailing]. (TA.) ― -b3- AstxAr AlD~ab~a, (K, TA, [in some copies of the K, erroneously, AlD~abuEa,]) and AlyarobuwEa, (TA,) He placed a piece of wood in the hole of the burrow of the [lizard called] Db~, (K, TA,) and of the jerboa, i. e. in the qaASiEaA=', (TA,) in order that it should come forth from another place, (K, TA,) i. e. the naAfiqaA=', so that he might catch it. (TA.) Lth falsely assigns the act of AlAisotixaArap to the Db~ and the jerboa. (Az, TA.) Low, or depressed, ground or land, (JK, S, K,) between two elevated parts; (JK, S;) like gawrN: (TA:) an inlet (lit. a neck) from a sea or large river, entering into the land: (Sh:) a place, or channel, where water pours into a sea or large river: (JK, K:) or a wide place or channel, where waters pour, running into a sea or large river; (TA:) or (as in the TA, but in the K “ and, ”) a canal, or cut, from a sea or large river: (K, TA:) and i. q. raHabapN [app. as meaning the part in which the water flows from the two sides of a valley]: (JK:) pl. xuw^uwrN. (TA.) a pl. of xaw~aArapN, (S, K,) contr. to rule; (MF, TA;) and of xaw~Ar in the phrase xaw~Aru AlEinaAni. (JK, TA.) See xaw~aArN, in five places. , with damm, [app. originally xuyorap,] The best of camels, or of the camels; (IAar, K;) [see xayorN, (in art. xyr,) near the end of the paragraph;] and so ↓ xuwaAruhaA, and minohaA ↓ AlxuwraY. (Fr, TA.) fem. of A^axoyaru, and properly belonging to art. xyr: see what next precedes. The maboEarN [or rectum], which comprises the HitaAr [or anus, with the extremities of its skin,] of the Sulob [or back], (K,) of a man &c.: (TA:) or the passage of the rawov [or dung, properly of a horse or the like, but here app. meaning of a man also]: (S:) or the head [or extremity] of the maboEarap [or rectum]: or the part in which is the dubur [or anus]: (K:) or the dubur [or anus] itself; (TA;) or it has this meaning also; (JK;) and so ↓ xaw~aArapN, syn. AisotN; (K;) the dubur being so called because it is like a depressed place between two hills: (TA: [see xaworN:]) or the gap in which is the dubur [or anus] of a man; and that in which is the qubul [or anterior pudendum] of a woman: (TA:) or the gap in which is the dubur and the place of the *akar and that of the qubul of the woman: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) pl. xaworaAnaAtN and xawaAriyn: (K:) the former pl. of a form which any sing. subst. not significant of a human being may receive. (TA.) an inf. n. of xaAra as explained in the first sentence in this art. (S, A, &c.) -A2- xuwaAru AlA_ibilu: see xuwrap. : see the next paragraph, in two places. Weak, or feeble; (JK, S, Msb, K;) applied to a man; (S;) as also ↓ xaAy^irN, (K,) and ↓ xaw^uwrN: (AHeyth:) a weak man, who cannot endure difficulty or distress: (Lth:) and (tropical:) cowardly, or a coward: (A:) pl. of the first xaw~aAruwna, and of the third xuwarapN. (AHeyth.) Applied to a camel, Slender (raqiyq) and beautiful: (K, TA: [for AlHis~i in the CK, I read AlHasanu, as in other copies of the K and in the TA:]) and the fem., with p, applied to a she-camel, having soft flesh and fragile bones: (TA:) pl. of the former [and of the latter] xaw~aAraAtN. (K.) Applied to a spear, Weak: (S:) not hard: (Msb:) or weak and soft; (TA;) and in the same sense applied to an arrow, (A, TA,) as also ↓ xaw^uwrN; (TA;) and so the fem. of the former, with p, applied to a reed or cane (qaSabapN); (A, TA;) and to land or ground (A^aroDN) as meaning weak, (S,) or soft: (A, Msb:) pl. ↓ xuwrN. (S.) And xaw~aAru AlEinaAni (tropical:) A horse (A) that turns easily, (JK, A, K,) and runs much: (K:) pl. ↓ xuwrN. (JK, TA.) And bakorapN xaw~aArapN (assumed tropical:) A sheave of a pulley of which the pin runs [or turns] easily in the checks. (TA.) And AlHa$aAyaA ↓ xuwru Beds, or the like, stuffed with soft substances. (TA, from a trad.) And xaw~aAru AlS~afaA Smooth stones that sound [when struck] by reason of their hardness. (IAar.) And zanodN xaw~aArN A znd [q. v.] that emits much fire; syn. qad~aAHN. (AHeyth, K.) [Hence,] huwa xaw~aAru AlEuwdi [meaning (assumed tropical:) He is lavish when asked]: an expression of dispraise. (TA in art. ksr.) [Hence also,] xaw~aArapN (tropical:) A she-camel abounding with milk; pl. ↓ xuwrN; (S, K, TA;) which is contr. to rule, and said by MF to be without a parallel: (TA:) and so a ewe or she-goat: (TA:) or a she-camel whose milk flows easily; and so a ewe or she-goat: (A:) or a she-camel thin-skinned, and abounding with milk: (AHeyth:) or one that is of a hue between dustcolour and red, with a thin skin; and such is the most abundant in milk: (Kf:) or of a red colour inclining to dust-colour, thin-skinned, and having long fur with [coarse] hair protruding through it, longer than the rest: such a she-camel is less hardy than others, but abounds with milk. (ISk.) Also (tropical:) A palm-tree (naxolapN) that bears much fruit. (JK, A, K.) ― -b2- ↓ xuwrN as meaning (assumed tropical:) Women much suspected, on account of their corruptness, (K, TA,) and the weakness of their forbearance, (TA,) is [a pl.] without a sing. (K.) fem. of xaw~aArN [q. v.]. ― -b2- As a subst.: see xaworaAnN. : see xaw~aArN, first sentence. xwS , aor. , inf. n. xawaSN, He (a man, S) had the eye sunk, or depressed: (S, K:) or the inf. n. signifies the eye's being narrow, or contracted, and sunk, or depressed: (Msb:) or its being small, and sunk, or depressed: (A:) or its being sunk, or depressed, and narrow, or contracted, and small: or one eye's being smaller than the other: or the eye's being narrow in the slit, naturally, or by reason of disease: or accord. to AM, all that they have related respecting this word is correct except narrowness of the eyes; for the Arabs, when they mean this, use the term HawaSN, with [the unpointed] H; but when they mean the eye's being sunk, or depressed, this they term xawaSN, with [the pointed] x: (TA:) and accord. to A 'Obeyd's relation on the authority of his companions, (TA,) [and accord. to Mtr also,] xawiSato Eayonuhu signifies his eye became sunk, or depressed; (Mgh, TA;) but HawiSato, “ it became narrow, or contracted. ” (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also xawiSato, inf. n. as above; and ↓ AxwAS~t, inf. n. AixowiySaASN; She (a ewe) had one of her eyes black, and the other white. (AZ, TA.) , inf. n. taxowiySN, said of palmtrees, [and some others, see xuwSN,] The trees put forth leaves, [or only leaves of the kinds called xuwSi,] little by little. (L, TA.) See also 4. ― -b2- xw~S Alt~aAja, inf. n. as above, He ornamented the crown with plates of gold (K, TA) of the width of palm-leaves. (TA.) see 6, in two places. The palm-trees put forth their xuwS [or leaves]: (S, K:) or, accord. to the A, you say, Aln~axolu ↓ xaw~aSati, meaning the palm-trees put forth their leaves. (TA.) [See also 2, above.] AxwS is also said of the Earofaj, (S, K,) and of the rimov, (TA,) [and of other trees, (see xuwSN,)] or of trees in general, (TA,) or of trees (Al$~ajar) you say A^axaASa, inf. n. A_ixowaASN, (AHn, ISd,) the verb being thus made infirm, and the inf. n. sound, (ISd,) or of all trees except thorny trees and herbs or leguminous plants, (TA,) meaning, It broke out with leaves: (S, K:) or, when said of the Erfj, its xuwS became perfect. (AA, TA voce EarofajN; and S voce vaq~aba.) And you say also, A^axowaSati AlxuwSapu The xuwSap [see xuwSN] appeared. (TA.) , (A, K,) or txAwS fiY naZarihi, (TA,) He blinked, or contracted his eyelids, (A, K,) somewhat, (K,) looking intently, as though he were aiming an arrow; and so in looking at the sun; (A, K;) as also ↓ xAwS. (K.) [But the latter is trans.] You say, fulaAnFA ↓ A_in~ahu yuxaAwiSu, and ytaxaAwaSa lahu, Verily he blinks, or contracts his eyelids, looking intently, at such a one, as though he were aiming an arrow. (A.) [See also taHaAwaSa A_ilaY Al$~amosi; and huwa yuHaAwiSu fulaAnFA.] ― -b2- [Hence,] taxaAwaSati Aln~ujuwmu, (A,) or txAwSt Alnjwm liloguruwbi, (TA,) (tropical:) The stars inclined to setting. (A, TA.) see 1, last signification. The leaves of the date-palm, (T, S, A, Msb, K,) and of the muqol [or Thebaïc palm], (T, TA,) and of the naArajiyl [or cocoa-nut-tree], and the like, (TA,) and of the Earofaj, (T, K,) and of the vumaAm, (T, TA,) and of the naSiY~, (S voce A^umoSuwxap, q. v.,) and of the A^aroTaY, and of the A^alaA=', and of the sabaT: (Ibn-'Eiyásh Ed-Dabbee, K:) n. un. with p: (T, S, K, &c.:) the xwSp of the Erfj is the green [part] thereof when it appears upon the white thereof; (TA;) [or] it resembles the leaves of the Hin~aA=': that of the ArTY is like the hadab [or evergreen leaves] of the A^avol: that of the AlA=' has the form of the ears of sheep, or goats: and that of the sabaT has the form of the HalofaA=': (Ibn-'Eiyásh, TA:) there is also the xwSp of the [class of trees or plants called] janobap, which is of the plants, or herbage, of the [season called] Sayof, or, as some say, it is what grows upon a root-stock or rhizoma (EalaY A^aruwmapK): (TA:) but to herbs, or leguminous plants, of which the leaves fall and become scattered when they dry up, there is no xwSp. (T, TA.) The trade, or art, of the xaw~aAS. (A, TA.) A seller of xuwS: (S, K:) or a weaver thereof [into baskets and mats and the like]: (A:) or both. (TA.) A man (S, Mgh) having the eye sunk, or depressed; (S, Mgh, K;) having the quality of the eye termed xawaSN: [see 1:] fem. xawoSaA='u: (TA:) which is [also] applied to the eye, meaning sunk, or depressed: (Mgh:) or small, and sunk, or depressed: (A:) and to a ewe, meaning having one of her eyes black, and the other white: (AZ, K:) or having one eye black, and the other, with the rest of the body, white: (TA:) pl. xuwSN, which, prefixed to AlEuyuwn, is applied to camels. (A.) ― -b2- [Hence,] biy^orN xawoSaA='u (tropical:) A deep well; a well of which the bottom is deep; (A, K, TA;) of which the beasts see not the water: (TA:) because one contracts his eyelids (yataxaAwaSu) in looking into it: (A, TA:) or xwSA' applied to a well (rakiy~ap), signifies of which the water has sunk into the earth. (TA.) And the same epithet applied to a [mountain of the kind called] haDobap, (A,) or qaArap, (K,) (tropical:) High; lofty: (A, K:) because one contracts his eyelids in looking at it. (A, TA.) And riyHN xawoSaA='u (tropical:) A hot wind: (K:) or a vehemently-hot wind: (A:) that makes the eye to blink, or contract the eyelids, (takosiruhaA,) by reason of heat: (K, * TA:) in which one does not see without blinking, or contracting the eyelids. (A.) And ZahiyrapN xawoSaA='u (tropical:) A summer mid-day vehemently hot: (A:) or most vehemently hot; (K, TA;) in which one cannot look without blinking, or contracting the eyelids. (TA.) applied to a crown, Ornamented with plates of gold like xuwS in width: (A, * TA:) and applied to a vessel, having in it what resemble xuwS in shape. (TA.) muxaw~aSN biAl*~ahabi, applied to diybaAj [or silk brocade], Woven with gold in the form of xuwS. (TA.) Land in which are xuwS of the A^aroTaY and A^alaA=' and Earofaj and sabaT. (Ibn-'Eiyásh Ed-Dabbee, K.) xwD , aor. yaxuwDu, inf. n. xawoDN (S, A, Msb, K) and xiyaADN, (S, A, K,) [He waded, or forded, through the water;] he passed through the water walking or riding: (S:) or he entered into the water; (A, K;) as also ↓ xaw~aDahu, (K,) inf. n. taxowiyDN; (TA;) [or this latter has an intensive signification, as it is said to have in a phrase below;] and ↓ AxtADhu: (K:) or he walked in, or through, the water; (Msb;) as also ↓ txw~Dhu: (TA:) or he entered into the water and walked in it, or through it. (TA.) You say also, xaADa biAlfarasi, meaning He brought the horse to the water; as also ↓ AxADhu, (K,) inf. n. A_ixaADahu; (AZ;) and ↓ xAwDhu, (K,) or xAwDhu fiY AlmaA='i, inf. n. muxaAwaDapN, as in the A: (TA:) or ↓ AxADwA AlmaA='a signifies xaADuwhu bidawaAb~ihimo [They waded or forded through the water, or entered into it, &c., with their beasts]: and you say also, ↓ xaAwaDotuhumo fY AlmaA='i [I waded or forded with them through the water; &c.; meaning with men, not with beasts]: (so I find in a copy of the A:) and Alqawomu ↓ AxAD signifies xaADato xayoluhumu AlmaA='a [The people's horses waded or forded through the water]. (S.) ― -b2- xaADati AlA_ibilu luj~a Als~araAbi (tropical:) [The camels passed through the great expanse of mirage]. (A.) ― -b3- xaADa Albaroqu AlZ~alaAma (tropical:) [The lightning penetrated through the darkness]. (A, TA.) ― -b4- xaADa A_ilayohi Alr~imaAHa Hat~aY A^axa*ahu (tropical:) [He forced his way to him through the spears until he took him, or it]. (A, TA. *) ― -b5- xaADa Alqawomu fiY AlHadiyvi, (S, A,) and fiyhi ↓ txAwDwA, (S, A, K,) (tropical:) The people, or company of men, entered [or waded] together into discourse. (S, A, K.) ― -b6- xaADa AlgamaraAti, (S, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. xawoDN, (TA,) (tropical:) He plunged into the submerging floods of ignorance, or the like; syn. AiqotaHamahaA. (S, K, TA.) ― -b7- xaADa fiY AlA^amori (assumed tropical:) He entered [or plunged] into the affair. (Msb.) ― -b8- In like manner you say, [xaADa fiY AlbaATili and] AlbaATila ↓ AxAD (assumed tropical:) He entered [or plunged] into false, or vain, discourse or speech: (Msb:) and xaADa, alone, signifies (tropical:) He said, or spoke, what was false. (A.) It is said in the Kur [lxxiv. 46], (TA,) wakun~aA naxuwDu maEa AlxaAy^iDiyna, i. e. fiY AlbaATili (tropical:) [And we used to enter into false, or vain, discourse or speech, with those who entered thereinto]; (Bd, Jel, K;) syn. na$oraEu: (Bd:) or and we used to follow the erring, &c. (O, K.) And again, [lii. 12,] Al~a*iyna humo fiY xawoDK yaloEabuwna (tropical:) [Who amuse themselves in entering into false, or vain, discourse or speech]; (TA;) fY AlbATl being here, again, understood. (Bd.) And again, [ix. 70,] waxuDotumo kaA@l~a*iY xaADuwA, i. e. kaxawoDihimo (tropical:) [And ye have entered into false, or vain, discourse or speech, like their entering thereinto]. (K.) And again, [vi. 67,] Al~a*iyna yaxuwDuwna fiY A=yaAtinaA (tropical:) [Who enter into false, or vain, discourse or speech respecting our signs; meaning the Kur-án]. (TA.) xaADa fiyhi is also explained as signifying (assumed tropical:) He said what was false respecting it. (TA.) And xawoDN signifies (assumed tropical:) The confusing, or confounding, in an affair. (TA.) ― -b9- xaADa, (S, A, Mgh, K,) and ↓ xw~D, (A, TA,) also signify He mixed, (S, * K, TA,) and stirred about, (TA,) the beverage, or wine: (S, K, TA:) or he stirred about the sawiyq with the mixowaD. (A, Mgh. *) ― -b10- xaADahu biAls~ayofi (tropical:) He moved about the sword in him, having smitten him: (S, K, * TA:) or he put [or thrust] the sword into the lower part of his belly, and then raised it upwards. (A, * TA.) ― -b11- xuDotu biqidoHK fiY AlqidaAHi, (A, TA,) inf. n. xiyaADN; and AlqidaAHa ↓ xaAwaDotu, inf. n. xiwaADN; (TA;) (tropical:) I put an arrow, (A, TA,) which I had borrowed, and by which I expected to have good luck, (TA,) among the [other] arrows (A, TA) used in the game called el-meysir: (TA:) see an ex. (a verse of Sakhr-el-Gheí) in art. xD. see 1, first signification: ― -b2- and again in the latter part of the paragraph. ― -b3- xaw~aDa fiY najiyEihi [app. meaning He wallowed in his effused blood] is with teshdeed to render the signification intensive. (S.) see 1, second sentence, in two places: and again in the last sentence. [I made my beast to wade, or ford, through the water]. (S, A. *) AxAD Alqawomu xayolahumu AlmaA='a [The people, or company of men, made their horses to wade, or ford, through the water] is said when they wade, or ford, with their horses through the water. (TA.) AxAD Alqawomu: and AxADwA AlmaA='a: [which are evidently elliptical phrases:] and AxAD Alfarasa: see 1, second sentence. ― -b2- AxAD AlbaATila: see 1. -A2- AxAD AlmaA='u The water admitted of being walked [or waded or forded] in or through: contr. to general rule; being intrans. while the unaugmented verb is trans. (Msb.) see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- txw~D also signifies He constrained himself to wade, or ford, in, or through, water. (K, * TA.) This is the primary signification: and hence, ― -b3- txw~D fiY AlA^amori (tropical:) He employed, or occupied, himself in the affair: and he used art or artifice or cunning, or his own judgment or discretion, in the affair, or in the disposal or management thereof: and so in the phrase txw~D fY AlmaAli: or, accord. to some, this means he acted wrongly in acquiring the property in an improper manner, in whatsoever way it was possible. (TA.) see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. see 1, first sentence. : see maxaADapN. [The instrument with which beverage, or wine, is mixed and stirred about]; it is, for beverage, or wine, like the mijodaH for sawiyq: (S, K:) or the instrument with which swyq is stirred about. (A, Mgh.) [A ford; i. e.] a place where people pass through water, walking or riding: (S, A, K:) or a place where one walks through water: (Msb:) pl. ↓ maxaADN, (S, K,) [or this is rather a coll. gen. n.,] or maxaAy^iDu, (as in one copy of the S,) and maxaAwiDu (AZ, S, K) and maxaADaAtN. (Msb, TA.) xwf , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) originally xawifa, (Lth, L, &c.,) first pers. xifotu, (TA,) aor. yaxaAfu, (S, K, &c.,) originally yaxowafu, (L,) imperative xafo, (S,) inf. n. xawofN (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ xiyfN, [originally xiwofN,] (Lh, TA,) erroneously written in the K with fet-h [to the x], but some say that this is a simple subst., not an inf. n., (TA,) and ↓ xiyfapN, (Lh, S, Msb, K, &c.,) originally xiwofapN, (K,) but some say that this also is a simple subst., not an inf. n., (TA,) and [therefore] its pl. is xiyfN, (Lh, JK, S, and so in the CK,) in [some of] the copies of the K erroneously written xiyafN, (TA,) or this [as well as the next preceding] may be an inf. n., for some few inf. ns. have pls., (ISd, TA,) and maxaAfapN, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) originally maxowafapN, for which last, the first of these inf. ns. is used by a poet, and therefore made fem., (TA,) He feared; he was afraid or frightened or terrified; syn. faziEa. (K.) It is also trans.: (Msb:) you say, xaAfahu and ↓ txw~fhu [He feared, or was afraid of, him, or it]; (Msb, TA;) both signifying the same: (TA:) [and so xaAfa minohu; or this may mean he feared what might happen to him from him, or it:] and Ealayohi $ayoy^FA ↓ txw~f, meaning xaAfahu [i. e. xaAfa Ealayohi $ayoy^FA He feared for him a thing]: (S, K:) and xaAafahu EalaY maAlihi and Ealayohi ↓ txw~fhu [He feared him, or it, for his property]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- [Hence,] it is also used in the sense of Zan~a [He thought, or opined]: and in this case, the Arabs sometimes use it in the same manner as a verb signifying an oath, and give it the same kind of complement; as in an ex. cited voce darida [q. v.]. (S in art. drd.) And He knew. (Lh, Kr, K.) Hence, waA_ini A@moraA^apN xaAfato mino baEolihaA nu$uwzFA [And if a woman know that there is, on the part of her husband, injurious treatment, or unkindness, or estrangement], (K,) in the Kur [iv. 127]. (TA.) And hence also, famano xaAfa mino muwSK janafFA [And he who knoweth that there is, on the part of the testator, an inclining to a wrong course, or a declining from the right course, &c.], (K,) in the Kur [ii. 178]; thus explained by Lh. (TA.) -A2- xaAfahu, (S,) first pers. xufotuhu, (K,) aor. yaxuwfuhu, (S,) He exceeded him in fear. (S, K. *) You say, faxaAfahu ↓ xaAwafahu, (S,) inf. n. of the former muxaAwafahu, (TA,) i. e. [He vied with him to see which of them would exceed the other in fear, and] he exceeded him in fear. (S.) , (Msb, K,) inf. n. taxowiyfN, (TA,) i. q. A^axaAfahu. (Msb, K.) See the latter, in two places. He put fear into him. (JK, TA.) xaw~ifonaA [app. addressed to God] is mentioned by Lh as meaning Render the Kur-án and the Traditions beautiful to us in order that we may [give heed thereto and] fear. (TA.) ― -b2- He made him to be in such a state, or condition, that men feared him; (JK, K;) he made him to be feared by men. (M.) Hence, in the Kur [iii. 169], A_in~amaA *`likumu A@l$~ayoTaAnu yuxaw~ifu A^awoliyaA='ahu, i. e. [Verily that is the devil:] he causeth his friends to be feared by you: [or that devil causeth &c.:] or, as Th says, causeth you to fear by his friends. (TA.) -A2- He diminished it, lessened it, or took from it; and so xw~f minohu. (TA.) [See also 5.] ― -b2- xw~f ganabahu He sent away his sheep, or goats, flock by flock. (TA.) see 1, last sentence. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. A_ixaAfapN (S) and A_ixaAfN, like kitaAbN, (Lh, TA,) [but the latter is irreg. and rare,] He, or it, (an affair, a case, or an event, Msb,) caused him, or made him, to fear, or be afraid; put him in fear; frightened, or terrified, him; (TA;) and ↓ xw~fhu, (Msb, K,) inf. n. taxowiyfN, (S, TA,) signifies the same. (S, Msb, K.) So in the phrase AxAf Alv~agoru [The enemies' frontier caused to fear, &c.; was insecure:] or fear entered from it. (TA.) You say also, maAla AlHaAy^iTu faA^axaAfa Aln~aAsa [The wall leaned, and caused the people to fear]. (Msb.) And A^axaAfa All~uSuwSu AlT~ariyqa [for A^axaAfa All~uSuwSu A^ahola AlT~ariyqi The robbers caused the people of the road, or the passengers thereof, to fear, &c.; or it may be rendered the robbers caused the road to be insecure]. (Msb.) And A^axafotuhu AlA^amora faxaAfahu [I caused him to fear the thing, or affair, &c., and he feared it; making the verb doubly trans.]; as also A_iy~aAhu fataxaw~afahu ↓ xaw~afotuhu. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., A^axiyfuwA AlhawaAm~a qabola A^ano tuxiyfakumo Make ye the venomous reptiles and the like to fear before they make you to fear; (TA;) i. e. kill ye them before they kill you. (JM, TA.) ― -b2- maA A^axowafaniY Ealayoka [How greatly do I fear for thee!]. (TA.) : see 1, in three places. -A2- Also He took by little and little (S, L, K) from it, (S, K,) or from its sides; (L;) as also tHw~fhu: (S and K * in arts. Hwf and Hyf:) or he took from its extremities; so in the A; in which it is said to be tropical: accord. to IF, it is originally [txw~n,] with n [in the place of the f]. (TA.) Dhu-rRummeh says, (S,) or not he, but some other poet, for it is ascribed to several different authors, (L,) taxaw~afa Alr~aHolu minohaA taAmikFA qaridFA kamaA taxaw~afa Zahora Aln~aboEapi Als~afanu [Her saddle abraded from a long and high, compact hump, like as when the piece of skin used for smoothing arrows has abraded from the back of a rod of the tree called nbEp]. (S. [See also 5 in art. Hwf, where another reading of this verse is given. In the TA, in the present art., in the places of AlrHl and Zhr, I find Als~ayoru and Euwd.]) Hence, (S, K,) accord. to Fr, (TA,) A^awoyaA^axa*ihimo EalaY taxaw~ufK, (S, K,) in the Kur [xvi. 49], (S,) which Az explains as meaning [Or are they secure from his destroying them] by causing them to suffer loss [by little and little] in their bodies and their possessions, or cattle, and their fruits: or, accord. to Zj, it may mean, after causing them to fear, by destroying a town, so that the one next to it shall fear. (TA.) You say also, txw~f mino maAliY He took by little and little from my property. (JK.) And taxaw~afanaA Als~anapu [The year of drought, or sterility, took from us by little and little]. (JK.) And taxaw~faniY Haq~iY [He diminished to me by little and little my right, or due]. (JK.) And taxaw~afahu Hmoquhu (tropical:) i. q. AhoDamahu [an evident mistranscription for AihotaDamahu or haDamahu, meaning His stupidity deprived him of his right, or due]. (TA.) A man very fearful or timorous; (S, K;) [and so, in the present day, ↓ xaw~aAfN; the former originally] of the measure faEilN, like fariqN and faziEN; and similar to SaAtN, meaning a man “ having a strong, or loud, voice: ” (S:) or i. q. ↓ xaAy^ifN: (TA:) accord. to Kh, it may be [originally xaAwifN,] of the measure faAEilN, having the medial radical rejected; or [xawofN,] of the measure faEolN; and in either case, the dim. is [↓ xuwayofN,] with w: so says Sb. (TA.) inf. n. of 1. (S, Msb, K, &c.) ― -b2- Also Slaughter: whence, walanaboluwan~akumo bi$aYo'K mina A@loxawofi [And we will assuredly try you with somewhat of slaughter]; (Lh, K;) in the Kur [ii. 150]. (TA.) [See also 4.] ― -b3- And Fighting: whence, faA_i*aA jaA='a Alxawofu [But when fighting cometh; in the Kur xxxiii. 19]. (K.) -A2- See also xaAy^ifN. -A3- Also A red hide from which are cut strips like thongs, (Kr, K, TA,) and then upon these are put [ornaments of the kind termed] $a*or; worn by a girl: (TA:) a dial. var. of HawofN [q. v.]: (K:) but this latter is preferable. (L, TA.) : see 1, first sentence. A [coat of the kind called] jub~ap, of hide, or leather, which the collector of honey wears; (Akh, JK, K;) and also worn by the water-carrier: (JK:) or a fur-garment, or hide with the fur or wool on it, worn by him who enters into the places occupied by bees, in order that they may not sting him: (TA:) or a [pouch of the kind termed] xariyTap, (S, K,) of hide, or leather, (S,) narrow in the upper part and wide in the lower part, (TA,) in which honey is collected: (S, K:) or a [round piece of leather with a running string by means of which it may be converted into a bag, such as is termed] suforap, like the xariyTap, made, or sewed, small, [for muSoEadapN or muSaE~adapN, which I find in different copies of the K, and to which no appropriate meaning is assignable, I read muSogarapN or muSag~arapN, (see 2 in art. Sgr, and particularly A^aSogara Alqirobapa,)] having its head [or border] raised, for honey; (K;) so says Skr, in explaining the following verse: or, as IB says, accord. to Aboo-'Alee, it is from the phrase Aln~aAsu A^axoyaAfN, meaning “ men, ” or “ the people, ” “ are different, one from another; ” for it is a xariyTap of hide, or leather, embellished with different kinds of embellishment; and if so it should be mentioned in art. xyf: (TA:) [but] the dim. is ↓ xuwayofapN. (JK.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, [describing a collector of wild honey,] taA^ab~aTa xaAfapF fiyhaA misaAbN faA^aSobaHa yaqotariY ma$adFA bi$iyqi (S,) [He put beneath his armpit a xAfp in which was a receptacle for honey, and betook himself to making successive endeavours to reach the most difficult part of a mountain by means of a rope, or rope of palm-fibres; for] he means $iyqFA bimasadK; the phrase being inverted: (S and TA in art. $yq:) or he means, [betook himself to] taking successive holds of a rope (yatatab~aEu HabolFA) tied to a $yq [here best rendered mountain-top] in his descent to the place of the honey; so that there is no inversion. (TA in that art.) ― -b2- Also i. q. EayobapN [A kind of basket, or receptacle, of hide, or leather]; (TA;) the thing in which fruits are gathered; also called mixorafN. (Har p. 374.) ― -b3- And xaAfapu Alz~aroEi is said to mean The envelope of the grain of seed-produce; so called because it protects it: to this the believer is likened in a trad. [as some relate it]; but the reading [commonly known] is [xaAmap,] with m. (TA.) [See xAmp, in art. xym.] ; pl. xiyfN: see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- [Sometimes it may mean, agreeably with analogy, A kind of fear.] -A2- See also art. xyf. Vociferation, clamour, or a confused noise, of a company of men. (JK, Sgh, K.) : see xaAfN. : see xaAfapN. : see xaAfN. ― -b2- [Hence, perhaps,] A certain black bird: ISd says, I know not why it is thus called. (TA.) Fearing; being afraid or frightened or terrified: (S, * TA:) pl. xuw~afN (S, K) and xuy~afN, (S,) or xiy~afN, (K,) or, accord. to Ks, xuy~afN and xiyfN and xuwfN, (L,) [but the second and third of these three should be xiy~afN and xuw~afN, for all are said to be of the measure fuE~alN,] and ↓ xawofN; or this last is a quasi-pl. n.; (K;) whence, in the Kur [vii. 54], xawofFA waTamaEFA, meaning Worship ye Him fearing his punishment and eagerly desiring his recompense. (TA.) See also xaAfN. ― -b2- And see maxuwfN. [for muxaAfN A^aholuhu, A road of which the people, or passengers, are caused to fear, by robbers]. (Msb.) [See also what next follows.]) A road in which people fear: (S, * Msb, K:) or a road that is feared; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ maxiyfN, and ↓ xaAy^ifN; which last is tropical, of the measure faAEilN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlN; (TA;) or, thus applied, this last [is a possessive epithet, and thus] means having fear: (JK: [see also muxaAfN:]) you should not say ↓ TariyqN muxiyfN, because the road does not cause fear, but only he who robs and slays therein. (S, * K, * TA.) One says also vagorN ↓ maxiyfN and ↓ mutaxaw~afN An enemies' frontier [that is feared, or] from which one fears, or from the direction of which fear comes. (TA.) maxuwfN signifies A thing [of any kind] that is feared; as a lion, and a serpent, and fire, and the like. (Har p. 369.) [Hence,] HaAy^iTN maxuwfN A wall of which the falling is feared. (Lh, Msb, TA. [See also muxiyfN.]) And wajaEN maxuwfN [A pain that is feared]. (TA. [See, again, muxiyfN.]) And A^amorN maxuwfN [An affair, or event, that is feared]. (Mgh, Msb. [See, again, muxiyfN.]) And faAsiqN maxuwfN EalaY maAlihi A transgressor who is feared for his property, that he will consume it, and expend it in that which is not right. (Mgh.) : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: and see also what next follows. (Msb, K, in the CK ↓ maxiyfN,) A wall that causes one to fear that it will fall. (Msb, K. * [See also maxuwfN.]) And wajaEN muxiyfN (S, K) A pain that causes him who sees it to fear. (S. [See, again, maxuwfN.]) And A^amorN muxiyfN An affair, or event, that is formidable; that causes him who sees it to fear. (Msb. [See, again, maxuwfN.]) And Almuxiyfu means The lion, (K, TA,) that frightens him who sees him. (TA.) See also maxuwfN, first sentence. [More, and most, formidable, fearful, or feared: anomalous, like its syn. A^axo$aY, being from the pass. verb. Hence,] A^axowafu maA A^axaAfu Ealayokumo ka*aA [The most formidable, or fearful, of what I fear for you is such a thing]. (Mgh, * TA.) an inf. n. of 1, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) originally maxowafapN. (TA.) ― -b2- [Also A cause of fear: a word of the same category as majobanapN and maboxalapN &c.: pl. maxaAwifu. Hence,] A^aw~alu kutubihi AlmaxaAwifu [The first of his letters, or epistles, consisted of the causes of fear]. (TA.) ― -b3- And maxaAwifu also signifies Places of fear. (KL.) : see maxuwfN. xwq [imperative of xaAqa] Ornament thy young woman, or female slave, with the earring. (K. [See xawoqN.]) -A2- xaAqahaA He (a man, TA) made with her (a woman, TA) the sound termed HaAqi baAqi [during the act of nikaAH]. (K.) -A3- xAq Al$~aYo'a He took away the thing, and extirpated it, or removed it utterly. (TA.) , (K,) inf. n. taxowiyqN, (TA,) He made it wide; (K;) namely, an earring. (TA.) He (a man, TA) went away into, or in, the country, or land. (Sgh, K.) It (an earring, TA) was, or became, wide, or widened. (K.) [See also 7.] ― -b2- txw~q Eanohu He went, retired, or withdrew himself, far away from him, or it. (K, * TA.) And He left, quitted, or forsook, it; namely, a course that he desired, or meant, to pursue. (TA.) The desert was wide within. (JK, K, * TA.) [See also 5.] The length of a desert. (JK, TA.) -A2- AlxaAqi baAqi, (S, K,) or xaAqi baAqi, (IB, TA,) or the latter also, without Al, (K, accord. to the TA, [but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K,) The sound of the *akar in the flesh of the interior of the faroj; (IAar, K, * TA;) or the sound of the faroj on the occasion of the act of nikaAH. (IB, TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (IB, TA,) or because of its xawaq, i. e. width, (S, K, *) The faroj [or vulva, itself]. (S, IB, K.) AlxaAqi baAqi is indecl., with kesr for its termination, (S,) like AlxaAzi baAzi. (S, K.) [in the L xuwq, which is evidently a mistranscription; and in one copy of the S, in one place, written xawoqap;] A ring (S, L, TA) of gold and of silver: (L, TA:) or, accord. to Th, a ring [that is worn] in the ear: he does not say of gold nor of silver: (TA:) or the ring of the [kind of earring called] quroT and of the [kind called] $anof. (Lth, K.) Width (S, K) of a desert, and of a well, and of a vulva: (S:) or, of a desert, width of the interior: (JK:) or length, and breadth of expanse, and width of the interior: and of a well, depth and width. (TA.) -A2- And The mange, or scab, in camels: (El-Umawee, S, K:) or [a disease] like the mange or scab. (TA.) [Wide; or wide in the interior; or farextending: fem. xawoqaA='u: pl. xuwqN]. You say xaroqN A^axoraqu (JK, K, TA, [in the CK jawofN, and in my MS. copy of the K xawoqN,]) A wide [desert such as is termed] xaroq: (K:) or a xaroq wide in the interior. (JK.) And mafaAzapN xawoqaA='u (JK, S, K) and ↓ munoxaAqapN (JK, K) A wide desert: (S, K:) or a desert wide in the interior: (JK:) and the former, also, a desert in which is no water. (TA.) And baladN A^axowaqN A wide, far-extending region or country. (TA.) And biy^orN xawoqaA='u (S, K) and ↓ munoxaAqapN (K) A wide well: (S, K:) or rakiy~apN xawoqaA'u a deep and wide well. (JK, TA.) ― -b2- And the fem., xawoqaA='u, applied to a woman, Having no partition between her vulva and her anus: or having her vagina and rectum united: or wide in the vulva: (TA:) or tall and slender. (JK, TA.) ― -b3- And, so applied, Foolish, or stupid: (ISh, JK, K:) pl. xuwqN. (ISh, K.) ― -b4- And the masc., (applied to a man, JK,) Blind of one eye; or one-eyed: (JK, K:) pl. as above. (JK.) -A2- Also, applied to a camel, Mangy, or scabby: (S, K:) or having what resembles the mange or scab: (TA:) fem. as above. (S, K.) An earring having a large xawoq [or ring]. (IAar.) and biy^orN munoxaAqapN: see A^axowaqu. xwl , aor. yaxuwlu, inf. n. xawolN, He became possessed of xawal [so I read, meaning slaves, or servants, and other dependents, in the place of xwAl, an evident mistranscription, in the TA,] after having been alone. (TA.) ― -b2- fulaAnN yaxuwlu EalaY A^aholihi Such a one pastures for his family: (S:) or yaxuwlu Ealayohimo signifies he milks and waters and pastures for them. (T, TA.) And xAl Ealayohimo He ruled, or governed, them. (JK.) And xAl maAlahu, (K, * TA,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. xawolN and xiyaAlN, (K,) He pastured his cattle, or camels &c., and managed them, or tended them, and sustained them, (K, * TA,) well: (K:) or xulotu AlmaAla, aor. A^axuwlu, I managed the cattle, &c., well: (S:) and xAl EalaY AlmaAli, aor. yaxuwlu, he pastured the cattle, &c., and managed them well; as also xAl, aor. yaxiylu. (TA in art. xyl.) -A2- xAl, aor. yaxuwlu and yaxaAlu or yaxiylu, see AxtAl (with which it is syn.) in art. xyl. , (JK, S,) or maAlFA, (Msb,) or AlmaAla, (K,) inf. n. taxowiylN, (S,) God made him to possess, (JK, S,) or gave him, (Msb, K,) or conferred upon him, as a favour, (K,) the thing, (JK, S,) or property, (Msb,) or the property. (K.) So in the Kur vi. 94 and xxxix. 11 [and 50]. (TA.) (JK, Msb, K) and A^uxowila (K) He (a man, JK, Msb) had maternal uncles: (JK, K:) or he had many maternal uncles: (Msb:) [both signify the same accord. to the K: but the latter properly signifies he was made to have maternal uncles, or many maternal uncles: see muxowalN.] -A2- mina Alxayori ↓ AxAl fyh xaAlFA He perceived, or discovered, in him an indication, or a symptom, sign, mark, or token, of good; as also ↓ txw~l (JK, S, K) and txy~l. (K.) [See also 2 in art. xyl.] -A3- See also 10, in two places. see 4: -A2- and see also 10, in three places. -A3- txw~lhu also signifies He paid frequent attention, or returned time after time, (JK, S, K,) to it, (JK,) or to him; syn. taEah~adahu. (JK, S, K.) You say, taxaw~alotuhumo biAlmawoEiZapi I paid frequent attention to them with exhorting, or admonishing; syn. taEah~adotuhumo. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., of the Prophet, kaAna yataxaw~alunaA biAlmawoEiZapi maxaAfapa Als~aA=mapi [He used to pay frequent attention to us with exhorting, or admonishing, for fear of loathing on our part, or disgust]; (S;) or yataxaw~aluhumo, i. e. yataEah~aduhumo: (TA:) As used to say yataxaw~anunaA, i. e. yataEah~adunaA; (S;) or yataxaw~anuhumo: and some read yataHaw~aluhumo, with the unpointed H, explained in art. Hwl. (TA.) And sometimes they said, txw~lti, Alr~iyHu AlA^aroDa, i. e. taEah~adatohaA [app. meaning The wind returned to the land time after time]. (S.) He took them as xawal, (K, TA,) i. e. slaves, or servants, and other dependents. (TA.) -A2- Astxwl fiyhimo and AstxAl He took, or adopted, them as maternal uncles: and xaAlFA ↓ txw~l he took, or adopted, a maternal uncle; (K;) like as one says, taEam~ama Eam~FA: and ↓ taxaw~alatohu She called him her maternal uncle. (TA.) You say, Aisotaxilo xaAlFA gayora xaAlika and Aisotaxowilo (JK, S) and ↓ taxaw~ala (JK) Adopt thou a maternal uncle other than thy [proper] maternal uncle. (JK, * S.) -A3- AlAisotixowaAlu is also like AlAisotixobaAlu [as meaning The asking one to lend cattle, or camels &c.: and ↓ AlA_ixowaAlu is like AlA_ixobaAlu as meaning The lending cattle, or camels &c.]: and AO used to recite thus the saying of Zuheyr: ↓ hunaAlaka A_ino yusotaxowaluwA AlmaAla yuxowiluwA [There, if they be asked to lend cattle, they lend]. (S, TA. [See also 10 in art. xbl.]) A maternal uncle; one's mother's brother: (JK, S, K:) pl. A^axowaAlN (S, Msb, K) and A^axowilapN, (K,) [both pls. of pauc.,] the latter anomalous, (TA,) and (of mult., TA) xuw~alN and xuw^uwlN (K) and xuw^uwlapN: (Msb, K:) the fem. is xaAla, (JK, S, K,) a maternal aunt; one's mother's sister: (JK, S:) and the pl. of this is xaAlaAtN. (Msb.) One says, humaAA@bonaA xaAlapK [meaning Each of them two is a son of a maternal aunt of the other]; but one cannot say, A@bonaA Eam~apK: (K:) and in like manner one says, A@bonaA Eam~F; but one cannot say, A@bonaA xaAlK. (TA.) -A2- An owner of a horse: you say, A^anaA xaAlu h`*aA Alfarasi I am the owner of this horse. (K.) [See also xaAlN in art. xyl.] ― -b2- huwa xaAlu maAlK and maAlK ↓ xaAy^ilu He is a manager, or tender, of cattle, or camels &c.; (K;) or a good manager or tender thereof; (S, K; *) and so maAlK ↓ xawoliY~u: (S:) ↓ xaAy^ilN signifies also a keeper, or guardian, of a thing; (T, S;) or a pastor; (Fr, TA;) a people's pastor, who milks and waters and pastures for them; and one who pays frequent attention to a thing, puts it into a good or right state, or restores it to such a state, and undertakes the management of it: (T, TA:) xuw~alN [is a pl. of xaAy^ilN, like as nuw~amN is of naAy^imN, &c., and] signifies pastors who take care of cattle, or camels &c.: (TA:) and ↓ xawoliY~N, (K,) or, accord. to the M, ↓ xawaliY~N, (TA,) signifies a pastor who is a good manager of cattle, or camels, and sheep or goats; (M, K, * TA;) or a good manager and orderer of the affairs of men; (TA;) and its pl. [or quasi-pl. n. or n. un.] is ↓ xawalN; (M, K;) accord. to the M, like as EarabN is of EarabiY~N. (TA.) [See also xaAlN in art. xyl.] -A3- An indication, or a symptom, sign, mark, or token, of good (S, * K, TA) in a person. (S, TA.) See 4. -A4- A mole; i. e. [a thing resembling] a pimple in the face, inclining to blackness: dim. ↓ xuwayolN and xuyayolN: and pl. xiylaAnN. (JK. [See also art. xyl.]) -A5- The [kind of banner called] liwaA=', of an army or a military force. (S, K. [See also art. xyl.]) ― -b2- A kind of soft garment, or cloth, of the fabric of El-Yemen: (JK:) a kind of burod, (S, K,) well known, (K,) having a red [or brown] ground, with black lines or stripes. (TA. [Mentioned also in art. xyl.]) -A6- A black stallion-camel. (IAar, K. [See also art. xyl.]) A man's slaves, or servants, and other dependents: (S, Msb, TA:) or slaves, and cattle, or camels &c.: (JK:) or the cattle, camels &c., [in the CK, Aln~iEam is erroneously put for Aln~aEam,] and male and female slaves, and other dependents, given to one by God: (K:) said to be (S) from 2 [q. v.]: (JK, S, TA:) it is said to be a quasi-pl. n.; (TA;) and the sing. is ↓ xaAy^ilN; (S, K, TA;) though used as sing. and pl., and masc. and fem.: (K:) sometimes used as a sing. applied to a male slave and a female slave: but Fr says that it is pl. [or quasi-pl. n.] of ↓ xaAy^ilN meaning a pastor. (S.) You say h`w^ulaA='i xawalu fulaAnK, meaning These are persons who have been subjected, and taken as slaves, by such a one. (TA.) ― -b2- See also xaAlN. ― -b3- Also A gift, or gifts: [and this seems to be the primary signification; whence “ a slave ” &c., and “ slaves ” &c., as being given by God:] so in the phrase, huwa kavru Alxawali [He is a person of many gifts]. (TA.) -A2- Accord. to Lth, (TA,) it signifies also The lower part (A^aSol) of the faA^os [q. v.] of a bit: (JK, K, TA:) but Az says, “ I know not the xwl of the bit nor what it is. (TA.) [See xaAlN, last sentence but one, in art. xyl.] A female gazelle. (IAar, K.) : see xaAlN, in two places. ― -b2- Also A measurer of land with the measuring-cane. (TA.) : see xaAlN. : see xaAlN, of which it is the dim. The relationship of a maternal uncle [and of a maternal aunt]: (JK, S, K, TA:) an inf. n. (JK, TA) having no verb. (TA.) You say, bayoniY wa bayonahu xuw^uwlapN [Between me and him is a relationship of maternal uncle]. (S, K.) -A2- Also a pl. of xaAlN in the first of the senses assigned to the latter above. (Msb, K.) A giver of many gifts. (TA.) : see xaAlN, in two places: ― -b2- and xawalN, also in two places. The sparks flew about scattered; meaning the sparks that fly about from hot iron when it is beaten; as in a verse of Dábi [El-Burjumee] cited in art. sqT: see 3 in that art. (S.) And *ahabuw A^axowala A^axowala They went away scattered, (JK, S, K,) one after another, like as sparks are scattered from iron: or, as some say, AlA^axowalu itself means sparks: (JK:) [but here,] Axwl Axwl are two nouns made into one, and indecl., with fet-h for the termination: (S:) Sb says that they may be like $agara bagara, or like yawoma yawoma. (TA.) -A2- huwa A^axowalu mino fulaAnK He is prouder than such a one. (Suh, TA.) [See also A^axoyalu, in art. xyl.] : see muxowalN. : see A^axoyalN, in art. xyl. and ↓ muxowilN A man having maternal uncles: (TA:) or the former signifies a man made to have many maternal uncles; and ↓ the latter, having many maternal uncles: (Msb:) and rajulN muEam~N muxowalN (Msb, K) and ↓ muxaAlN, (JK, K,) and ↓ muEim~N muxowilN, A man who has generous paternal and maternal uncles: (Msb, K:) but As disallows muEim~N and ↓ muxowilN: (Msb:) and the latter word in each case is not used, (K,) or is scarcely ever used, (TA,) without the former. (K, TA.) : see what next precedes, in four places. , (K in this art.,) or muxiylN, (S in art. xyl,) Verily he is adapted or disposed by nature to good [i. e. to be, or to do, or to effect, or to produce, what is good]. (S, K.) [See also muxiylN in art. xyl.] xwm : see art. xym. : see art. xym. : see art. xym. xwn , (S, K,) aor. yaxuwnuhu, (S,) inf. n. xiyaAnapN and xawonN and maxaAnapN (S, K) and xaAnapN (K) and xaAy^inapN, of the measure faAEilapN, like laAgiyapN &c.; (TA;) and ↓ AxtAnhu; (S, K;) He was unfaithful, or he acted unfaithfully, to the confidence, or trust, that he reposed in him; (K;) [he was treache rous, perfidious, or unfaithful, to him; or he acted treacherously, perfidiously, or unfaithfully, towards him;] fiY ka*aA [in such a thing]: (S:) xiyaAnapN is the contr. of A^amaAnapN; and does not relate only to property, but also to other things: (Mgh:) or the neglecting, or failing in, A^amaAnapN [which is trustiness, or faithfulness]: (El-Harállee, TA:) or i. q. nifaAqN, except that xyAnp regards a compact or covenant or the like, and trustiness, or faith fulness, and nfAq regards religion; so that the former is the acting contrary to what is right, by breaking a compact or covenant or the like: (Er Rághib, TA:) but [it is said that] the primary signification of xawonN is the making to suffer loss, or diminution; because the xaAy^in makes the maxuwn to suffer loss, or diminution, of something. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [ii. 183], kunotumo A^anofusakumo ↓ taxotaAnuwna [lit. Ye used to act unfaith fully to yourselves] means ye used to act un faithfully, one to another: (S, * TA:) or ye used to act wrongfully to yourselves: AixotiyaAnN has a more intensive signification than xiyaAnapN. (Bd.) One says also, xAn AlEahoda He broke the compact or covenant or the like: whence, taquwlu Aln~iEomapu kufirotu walamo A^u$okaro wataquwlu AlA^amaAnapu xunotu walamo A^uHofaZo [The benefit says, I have been disacknowledged, and have not been requited with thankfulness; and the trust says, I have been betrayed, and have not been faithfully kept]: the verb [xunotu] being here of the measure fuEilotu, a verb of which the agent is not named. (Mgh.) And xaAnahu AlEahoda, (Msb, K,) and fiY AlEahodi, (Msb,) and xAnhu AlA^amaAnapa, (Msb, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. xawonN and xiyaAnapN and maxaAnapN, (Msb,) [He was unfaithful to him in respect of the compact or covenant or the like, and the trust.] ― -b2- [Hence,] xAn sayofuhu (assumed tropical:) [His sword was unfaithful;] i. e., failed of taking ef fect upon the thing struck with it. (TA.) A cer tain person, being asked respecting the sword, said, A^axuwka wa rub~amaA xaAnaka (assumed tropical:) [It is thy brother, but sometimes it is unfaithful to thee]. (TA.) ― -b3- And xaAnatohu rijolaAhu (assumed tropical:) [His two legs were unfaithful to him;] he was unable to walk. (TA.) ― -b4- And xAn Ald~alowa Alr~i$aA='u (assumed tropical:) The well-rope broke off, or be came severed, from the bucket. (TA.) ― -b5- And xAnhu Ald~ahoru, inf. n. xawonN; (T, TA;) and ↓ txw~nhu; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) Time altered his state, or condition, (T, TA,) from softness, or easiness, to hardness, or difficulty, (TA,) or to evil; (T, TA;) and in like manner, Aln~aEiymu [enjoyment, &c.]: and of everything that has altered thy state, or condition, [for the worse,] one says, ↓ taxaw~anaka. (T, TA.) , (S, K,) inf. n. taxowiynN, (K,) He attributed to him xiyaAnap [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness]. (S, K.) ― -b2- See also 5, in two places. : see 1, last sentence, in two places. You say also, taxaw~anahumo meaning He sought [to discover, or show,] their xiyaAnap [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness], and their slip, lapse, or wrong action; and suspected them, or accused them. (TA.) ― -b2- Also He, or it, diminished it, wasted it, impaired it, or took from it; and so ↓ xw~nhu, and xw~n minohu: (K:) or diminished it, wasted it, impaired it, or took from it, by little and little; syn. tanaq~aSahu. (JK, * S, Msb.) You say, taxawananiY fulaAnN Haq~iY Such a one took from me by little and little of my right, or due. (S, TA.) And Dhu-r-Rummeh says, laA balo huwa Al$~awoqu mino daArK taxaw~anahaA mar~FA saHaAbN wamar~FA baAriHN taribu [No, but it is, or was, yearning of the soul arising from a place of abode from which some times raining clouds, and sometimes a hot wind carrying with it dust, took away by little and little, so as gradually to efface the traces thereof]. (S, TA.) And Lebeed says, (S, TA,) describing a she-camel, (TA,) taxaw~anahaA nuzuwliY waA@rotiHaAliY [Which my alighting and my journeying had wasted by little and little;] i. e. whose flesh and fat my alighting and my journeying had diminished by little and little. (S, TA.) -A2- Also He paid frequent attention to him, or it; or he, or it, returned to him, or it, time after time; syn. taEah~adahu; (JK, S, K;) and so ↓ xw~nhu: (K:) in this sense, the former verb is [said to be] from txw~lhu, by the substitution of n for l (TA.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, [describing a young gazelle,] laA yanoEa$u AlT~arofa A_il~aA maA taxaw~anahu daAEK yunaAdiyhi biA@somi AlmaA='i maboguwmu (S,) [He raises not his eye, or eyes, except when a caller calling him by the sound of maA='i returns to him time after time, addressed by the cry termed bugaAm:] i. e. except when he hears the bugaAm of his mother calling him by the cry maA='i maA='i: (TA in art. bgm: [it is there added, that the pass. part. n. maboguwm is used in this instance for the act. part. n.; but for this I see no sufficient reason:]) he says that the young gazelle is slum bering, not raising his eye, or eyes, unless his mother comes to him time after time: or, as some say, unless his mother's call to him takes by little and little from his sleep. (S in the present art.) One says also AlHum~aYtaxaw~anuhu [for tataxaw~anuhu] The fever returns to him time after time: (S:) or in its time. (TA.) see 1, in two places. A place in which travellers lodge: (Msb:) a place in which travellers pass the night: and the dayor [i. e. monastery, or convent,] is the xAn of the Christians: (Kull pp. 96 and 97:) or the xAn is for merchants; (S, K;) i. q. funoduqN; (Har p. 325;) [a building for the reception of mer chants and travellers and their goods, generally surrounding a square or an oblong court, having, on the ground-floor, vaulted magazines for mer chandise, which face the court, and lodgings, or other magazines, above: a Persian word, arabi cized:] pl. xaAnaAtN (Msb.) ― -b2- Also A shop: or a shop-keeper: (K:) a Persian word, arabicised. (TA.) -A2- [It is also a title of honour, used by the Tartars (who apply it to their Emperor), the Turks (who apply it to the reigning and to a deceased Sultán), and the Persians (who apply it to the governor of a province, and to a man of rank).] an inf. n. of 1. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- And [hence,] (tropical:) Weakness. (JK, K, TA.) One says fiY Zahorihi xawonN (tropical:) In his back is weakness. (JK, TA.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) Languidness in the sight. (K.) Of, or belonging to, a xAn of the mer chants. (TA.) (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and xuwaAnN (ISk, Msb, K) and ↓ A_ixowaAnN, (IF, Msb, K,) the first of which is the most common, (Msb,) A table; (JK;) a thing upon which one eats; (S, Mgh, Msb;) a thing upon which food is eaten: (K:) but said to be not so called except when food is upon it: (Har p. 360:) arabicized [from the Persian]: (S, Msb:) the pl. (of pauc., of the first, S, Msb) is A^axowinapN and (of mult., S, Msb) xuwnN, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) said by IB to be the only instance of its kind except buwnN pl. of biwaAnN, (TA,) originally xuwunN, like kutubN pl. of kitaAbN, (Msb,) but xuwunN is not used: (S:) the pl. of ↓ AxwAn is A^axaAwinu, (Msb,) or A^axaAwiynu. (TA, from a trad.) [for xawuwnN]: see xaAy^inN. : see xaAy^inN. ― -b2- [Hence,] Alxaw~aAnu The lion: (JK, S:) because he is [very] treacherous. (JK.) And (assumed tropical:) Time, or fortune. (TA.) ― -b3- A^aEuw*u biA@ll~`hi mina Alxaw~aAni means (assumed tropical:) [I seek protection by God] from the day of the exhaustion of provisions. (A, TA.) -A2- Also, and ↓ xuw~aAnN, [accord. to the CK, each is with Al, but this seems to be a mis take, (see $ahorN,)] The month [latterly called] rabiyEN AlA^aw~ala: pl. A^axowinapN: (K:) but ISd says, "I know not how this is." (TA.) : see what next precedes. i. q. AlAisotu [meaning (assumed tropical:) The anus]. (TA.) and ↓ xaAy^inapN, (S, Msb, K,) the latter an intensive epithet, (S, Msb,) like Eal~aAmapN and nas~aAbapN, (S,) [and also fem. of xaAy^inN,] and ↓ xaw^uwnN and ↓ xaw~aAnN, (K,) [which are likewise intensive epithets,] Unfaithful, or acting unfaithfully, to the confidence, or trust, reposed in him; (K;) [treacherous, perfidious, or unfaithful; or acting treacherously, perfidiously, or unfaithfully: thus the first signifies: the others signifying very un faithful, &c.:] pl. [of the first] xawanapN, (S, M, K,) which is anomalous, (M,) like HawakapN [pl. of HaAy^ikN], (S,) and xuw~aAnN. (K.) [Hence,] xaAy^inN Aln~aZari Looking treacherously, and clandestinely, at a thing at which it is not allowable to look. (TA.) ― -b2- xaAy^inu AlEayoni (assumed tropical:) [The languid in respect of the eye] is an appellation applied to the lion; (K, TA;) because of a languidness in his eye when he looks. (TA.) : see xaAy^inN. -A2- It is also an inf. n. of xaAna. (TA.) [Hence,] xaAy^inapN AlA^aEoyuni (as used in the Kur xl. 20, TA) A surreptitious look (JK, Mgh, K) at a thing at which it is not allowable to look: (JK, K:) or the looking with a look that induces suspicion or evil opinion: (Th, K:) or the making a sign with the eye to indicate a thing that one conceals in the mind: (TA:) or, as some say, the contracting of the eye, or eyes, by way of making an obscure indication: or the looking intentionally [at a thing at which it is not allowable to look]. (Msb.) : see xiwaAnN, in two places. -A2- [It is also a pl. of A^axN: see art. Axw.] One to whom xiyaAnap [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness,] is attributed. (TA.) xwY , (JK, S, Msb, K,) aor. taxowiY, (Msb,) inf. n. xawaA='N (S, Msb, TA) and xuwiY~N, (Msb,) The house became empty, vacant, or un occupied: (S:) in [some of the copies of] the S with teshdeed, [i. e. xaw~at,] which is incorrect: (TA:) or became devoid, or destitute, of its occu pants; as also xawiyat, aor. taxowaY, inf. n. xawaA='N: (Msb:) or its occupants perished: (JK:) and it fell down: (S:) or it became demolished: and xawat and xawiyat, inf. n. xaY~N and xuwiY~N and xawaA='N and xawaAyapN, it became devoid, or destitute, of its occupants, (K, TA,) standing, without inhabitant. (TA.) And xawaY AlmakaAnu, aor. yaxowiY, inf. n. xaY~N, The place became empty, vacant, or unoccupied. (Mgh.) And xawiYa AlbaTonu, aor. yaxowaY, inf. n. xawFY, The belly became empty of food. (Mgh.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xawiYa, aor. yaxowaY, inf. n. xawFY [and xawaA='N], He was, or became, hungry; (JK;) as also ↓ AxwY: (K:) or his belly became empty of food: (Har p. 167:) or xawaY, like ramaY, [aor. yaxowiY,] inf. n. xawFY and xawaA='N, he was affected with un interrupted hunger. (K.) And xawato, said of a woman, She became empty in her belly on the occasion of childbirth; as also xawiyato: (S, K:) in [some of] the copies of the K, xaw~ato is here erroneously put for xawiyato. (TA.) And She abstained from food on the occasion of childbirth; (JK, K;) as also xawiyato. (JK, TA.) ― -b3- xawati Aln~ujuwmu The stars inclined to setting: (so in two copies of the S:) or so ↓ xaw~at, inf. n. taxowiyapN. (JK, Msb, and so in some copies of the S.) And the former, (JK, S, Msb, K,) aor. taxowiY, (JK, S,) inf. n. xaY~N, (JK, S, K,) The stars set; as also ↓ Axwt: and the stars brought no rain: (JK:) or the stars set aurorally and brought no rain; (S, Msb, * K; *) as also ↓ Axwt (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K) and ↓ xw~t. (K.) ― -b4- xawaY Alz~anodu, (K,) inf. n. xawFY (TA) [or xaY~N], The znd [q. v.] failed to produce fire; as also ↓ AxwY. (K.) -A2- xawiYa, aor. yaxowaY, He called, or cried, out. (JK.) -A3- xawaY, (TA,) inf. n. xaY~N, (K, TA,) i. q. qaSada [He, or it, pursued a right, or direct, course; &c.: if trans., it may mean he aimed at, intended, or purposed, a thing]. (K, * TA.) -A4- xawaAhu, inf. n. xawFY and xawaAyahu, He seized it; took it, or carried it off, by force; or snatched it away; (K;) and so ↓ AxtwAhu. (IAar, TA.) , inf. n. taxowiyapN, The camels became empty (JK, M, Msb) and drawn up (M) in their bellies. (JK, M, Msb.) ― -b2- See also 4. ― -b3- And xw~Y, inf. n. as above, said of a camel, (JK, S, TA,) He lay down upon his breast, and then set firmly upon the ground his [callous protuberances called the] vafinaAt: (JK:) or he made his belly to be separated by some interval from the ground, in lying upon his breast, (S, TA, *) and set firmly [upon the ground] his vafinaAt. (TA.) And in like manner, (S,) xw~Y fiY sujuwdihi, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) said of a man, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He raised his belly from the ground in his prostration: (S, * Msb:) or he put, or set, his upper arms apart, or remote, from his sides therein: (Mgh, Msb:) or he drew up his body, and made a space between his upper arms and his sides, in his prostration: (K:) thus a man is directed to do in prostrating himself in prayer. (Mgh, TA.) ― -b4- Said of a man, it signifies also He lowered his eyes, or looked towards the ground, desiring to be silent. (JK.) ― -b5- Said of a bird, It hung down its wings: (S:) or it spread its wings, (JK, TA,) and stretched out its legs, (TA,) desiring to alight. (JK, TA.) ― -b6- xaw~ati Aln~ujuwmu: see 1, in two places. -A2- xaw~ayotuhaA, inf. n. as above, I dug (K, TA) for her, namely, a woman, (TA,) a hole, or hollow, in the ground, and kindled [fire] in it, and then seated her in it, or upon it, (fiyhaA [i. e. fiY AlHafiyrapi],) on account of a disease that she had. (K, TA.) One says of a woman for whom this is done, xuw~iyato. (As, TA.) -A3- And xw~Y lahaA, (JK, Kr, S, K,) and xaw~aAhaA, (K,) inf. n. as above, He made for her (namely, a woman,) the food called xawiy~ap, (JK, Kr, S, K,) that she might eat it. (S.) see 1, in four places. ― -b2- AxwY AlmaAlu The cattle, or camels &c., attained the utmost degree of fatness; as also ↓ xw~Y, inf. n. taxowiyapN. (Fr, K.) -A2- See also 8. He abstained from food: and it may mean he became void of everything but anger. (Ham p. 219.) ― -b2- He lost his reason, or intellect. (K.) -A2- See also 1, last sentence. ― -b2- Also He took away a thing. (JK.) He took altogether, or entirely, what another possessed; as also ↓ AxwY. (JK, K.) ― -b3- He (a beast of prey) stole and ate the young one of a cow. (IAar, K.) ― -b4- He cut off for himself (AiqotaTaEa) a land, or district; (IAar, K;) as also AxtAt and txw~t. (IAar, TA.) ― -b5- He thrust at a horse in his xawaA='; i. e., the space between his fore legs and his hind legs. (JK, K.) Emptiness of the belly; (JK, K;) i. e. its emptiness of food; as also ↓ xawaA='N; (K;) [both inf. ns.;] the former of higher authority than the latter. (TA.) And Hunger; (JK, Msb;) as also ↓ xawaA='N, (TA,) i. q. xaw~N. (K, TA. [In the CK, wAlxuw~u bAlD~am~i AlEasalu is erroneously put for wAlxaw~u wabiAlD~am~i AlEasalu. The word xaw~N belongs to art. xw, q. v.]) ― -b2- See also xawaA='N. ― -b3- Also, [AlxawiY~N in the CK being a mistake for AlxawaY,] A low, or depressed, tract between two moun tains: and a soft tract of land: (K, TA:) or a low, or depressed, tract, in plain, or soft, and in rugged and hard, ground, sinking into the earth, larger than the [tract termed] suhob, producing much herbage: (AHn, TA:) or any wide valley in a soft, or plain, [low ground such as is termed] jaw~; (Az, TA;) as also xaw~N: (Az, TA in art. xw:) or a soft, far-extending, valley. (As, TA.) -A2- Also i. q. vaAbitN [Continuing, subsisting, lasting, &c.]: (K:) of the dial. of Teiyi. (TA.) -A3- And A flow of blood from the nose; or blood flowing from the nose. (K. [In this instance the word is correctly given in the CK.]) The space between the udder and the vulva in the she-camel and other cattle; (K, * TA; [accord. to the CK and JK, ↓ xawiy~apN; but this is app. a mistake;]) also with medd [i. e. ↓ xawaAyapN, for xawaApN is originally xawayapN]. (K.) -A2- Also A sound: (A 'Obeyd, S, TA:) and the confused and continued sound (Hafiyf) of pouring of rain: (IAar, TA:) and ↓ xawaAyapN signifies the confused and continued sound (Hafiyf [in the CK, erroneously, xafiyf,]) of the running of horses: (K, TA:) and a sound like what one fancies. (Aboo-Málik, TA.) : see xawFY, in two places. ― -b2- Also An intervening space between two things. (JK, Mgh, * TA.) The space between the fore legs and the kind legs of a horse; (JK, K;) as also ↓ xawFY. (JK.) A vacant space between two things; (K;) such between the heaven and the earth; (TA;) like hawaA='N. (K, TA.) ― -b3- A wide, or spacious, open tract of the earth, containing no herbage nor trees nor habitations. (TA.) (like guraAbN [in measure], TA) Honey. (Ez-Zejjájee, K, TA. [By a mistake in the CK, mentioned above, voce xawFY, the word thus explained is there made to be xuw~N.]) , of the measure faEiylN, A low, or de pressed, soft, or plain, tract of land. (S, TA.) : see xawaApN, first sentence. ― -b2- Also The part that a horse closes with his tail, of the space between his hind legs. (TA.) ― -b3- The part of a spear-head into which the shaft enters. (K, * TA.) ― -b4- And The wide part of the interior of a raHol [or camel's saddle]. (K, TA. [In the CK, mn Alr~ajuli is erroneously put for mn Alr~aHoli.]) -A2- See also xawaApN, second sentence. Food prepared for a woman on the oc casion of childbirth. (S, K.) -A2- See also xawaApN. [ part. n. of 1.] fatiloka buyuwtuhumo xaAwiyapF, in the Kur [xxvii. 53], means [And those are their houses,] empty; or, as some say, fallen down: like the phrase in the same [ii. 261 and xxii. 44], xaAwiyapN EalaY Euruw$ihaA having fallen down upon its roofs: (S:) or this means empty; its walls having fallen upon its roofs. (Bd in ii. 261. [See also Earo$N.]) You say also A^aroDN xaAwiyapN A land devoid of its inhabitants: (K:) and some times it means, of rain. (TA.) kaA^an~ahumo A^aEojaAzu naxolK xaAwiyapK, in the Kur [lxix. 7], means [As though they were trunks of palm-trees] torn up: (TA:) or eaten within: (Bd:) or fallen down and empty. (Jel.) [fem. of xaAwK: and hence, as a subst.,] A calamity, or misfortune. (Kr, TA.) : see xaAy^iY~N, in art. xwA^. The place of a camel's lying down in the manner described above voce xaw~aY: [and so app. muxaw~aApN; for] the pl. is muxaw~ayaAtN. (JK.) xY I wrote a x. (JK, TA.) [ . dim. of xaA='N, q. v. in art. xwA^.] xyb , (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. yaxiybu (Msb, K) and yaxuwbu, (TA,) inf. n. xayobapN, (S, Msb, K,) He (a man, S) was disappointed of attaining what he desired or sought; was balked; was unsuccessful; failed of attaining his desire: (S, Msb, K:) he was denied, refused, prohibited from attaining, or debarred from, what he desired or sought. (A, K.) You say, mano haAba xaAba [He who fears will be disappointed]. (A, TA.) And xaAba saEoyuhu waA^amaluhu [His labour, and his hope, or expectation, resulted in disappointment; were disappointed, balked, or frustrated;] he attained not what he sought or desired. (A, TA.) [See also xayobapN, below.] ― -b2- Also He suffered loss. (K.) ― -b3- And i. q. kafara [He disbelieved; or be came an unbeliever, or infidel; &c.]. (K.) , (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. taxoyiybN, (S,) He (God, A, Msb, K, or a man, S) disappointed him; or caused him to be disappointed of at taining what he desired or sought, to be balked, to be unsuccessful, or to fail of attaining his desire: (S, Msb:) he denied him, refused him, prohibited him from attaining, or debarred him from, that which he desired or sought. (A, K.) inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K.) It is said in a prov., (S, Msb, K,) AlhayobapN xayobapN [Fear is a cause of disappointment]. (S, A, Msb, K.) And one says, xayobapF lizayodK [May God send dis appointment to Zeyd], and xayobapN lizayodK [Disappointment be to, or befall, Zeyd]: (S, K:) xybp in the former instance being in the accus. case as governed by a verb understood; and in the latter, in the nom. case as an inchoative: (S:) each being a form of imprecation. (K.) (tropical:) [An endeavour to produce fire with a zanod] that does not produce fire (laAyuwriY). (A, K. * [In some copies of the K, for qadoH, we find qidoH. Golius explains xay~aAbN as meaning ignitabulum fallens, quod non excudit semina ignis: but I cannot anywhere find qadoHN or qidoHN in the sense which he assigns to one of these words, which is that of miqodaHapN &c.]) ― -b2- In the following verse, quoted by Th, Ausokuto walaA tanoTiqo faA^anota xay~aAbo kul~uka *uw EayobK waA^anota Eay~aAbN Hy~Ab may be [an epithet] of the measure faE~aAl from Alxayobapu; [so that the meaning may be (assumed tropical:) Be thou silent, and speak not, for thou art habitually unsuccessful; thou art altogether vitious, or faulty, and thou art a great imputer of vices, or faults, to others;] or the person there men tioned may be meant to be likened to the qdH above mentioned. (TA.) ― -b3- One says also, saEoyuhu fiY xay~aAbi boni hay~aAbK (tropical:) His labour [has ended, or ends, or will end,] in loss. (A, K.) part. n. of 1. (Msb, TA.) -A2- xaAy^ibika and bixaAy^ibika: see xaA='a bika in art. xwA^. (assumed tropical:) An arrow of those employed in the game called Almayosir, to which no lot, or portion, pertains: for there are three such arrows; namely, the maniyH, the safiyH, and the wagod: occurring in a trad. of 'Alee. (TA.) , (Ks, S, A, K, but in the last waqaEa,) and tuxay~iba, (A, K,) the last word being imperfectly decl. [in each of these instances], (Ks, S, A, K,) meaning fiY AlbaATili [i. e. They fell into that which was vain, unreal, nought, futile, or the like, and consequently, into disappointment], (Ks, S, K,) or fY baATilK [into a state of things that was vain, &c.]. (A.) xyt , aor. yaxiytu, (IAar,) inf. n. xayotN and xuyuwtN, (IAar, K,) and inf. n. of un. xayotapN, (IAar,) He made a sound, syn. Saw~ata; (IAar, K;*) [app. with his wings, in pouncing down, or making a stoop; see 1 in art. xwt;] said of a bird. (IAar.) -A2- xaAtahu maAlahu, aor. yaxiytuhu: see 1 in art. xwt. xyr , aor. yaxiyru, (K,) inf. n. xayorN, (TA,) He (a man, TA) was, or became, possessed of xayor [or good, &c.]. (K, TA.) ― -b2- [He was, or be came, good: and he did good: contr. of $ar~a.] You say, xirota yaA rajulu [Thou hast been good; or thou hast done good, or well; O man]. (S.) And xaAraA@ll~`hu laka fiY h`*aA AlA^amori [May God do good to thee, bless thee, prosper thee, or favour thee, in this affair: or] may God cause thee to have, or appoint to thee, good in this affair: (K:) or may God choose for thee the better thing [in this affair]. (A.) Al~`hum~a xiroliY occurs in a trad., meaning O God, choose for me the better of the two things. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 8. ― -b4- xaArahu EalaY SaAHibihi, aor. as above, inf. n. xiyrapN and xiyarN (Msb, K *) and xiyarapN (K) and xayorN; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ xy~rhu, (K,) inf. n. taxoyiyrN; (TA;) He preferred him before his companion, (Msb, K. *) ― -b5- xaAyarahu faxaArahu: see 3. He gave him the choice, or option, (S, A, * Mgh, * Msb, * K,) bayona Al$~ayoy^ayoni [between the two things], (S, Mgh, Msb,) or byn AlA^amorayoni [between the two affairs]: ↓ fataxay~ara [so he had the choice, or option, given him]. (A.) ― -b2- See also 1. It is said in a trad., xay~ara bayona duwri AlA^anoSaAri, meaning He preferred some among the houses of the Assistants before others of them. (TA.) And in another trad., xuy~ira, meaning He was preferred, and pronounced to have surpassed, or overcome, or won, in a contest, or dispute. (IAth.) ↓ xaAyarahu faxaArahu, (A, K,) inf. n. muxaAyarapN, (A,) He vied with him, or strove to surpass him, or contended with him for superiority, in goodness, or excellence, (A, K,) in, or with respect to, (fiY,) a thing, (A,) and he surpassed him therein. (A, K.) , (A,) and ↓ maA xayorahu, which latter is extr. [with respect to form, though more commonly used than the former], (TA,) [How good is such a one!] phrases similar to maAA^a$~arahu and maA $~arahu [which have the contr. meaning]. (TA.) All~abana lilomariyDi ↓ maA xayora [How good is milk for the diseased!], (K, * TA,) with nasb to the r and n, is an expression of wonder: (K:) it was said to Khalaf El-Ahmar, by an Arab of the desert, in the presence of Aboo-Zeyd; whereupon Khalaf said to him, “ What a good word, if thou hadst not defiled it by mentioning it to the [common] people! ” and Aboo-Zeyd returned to his companions, and desired them, when Khalaf ElAhmar should come, to say, all together, these words (mA xyr Allbn llmryD), [in order to vex him], and they did so. (TA.) , as an intrans. v.: see 2. -A2- As a trans. v.: see 8. They contended together for superior goodness, or for excellence, in it, or with respect to it, appealing to a judge, or an arbiter. (A.) ; and ↓ txy~rhu, (S, * A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. [or rather quasi-inf. n.] ↓ xiyarapN, said by IAth to be the only instance of the kind except TiyarapN; (TA voce taTay~ara;) and ↓ AstxArhu; (A;) and ↓ xaArahu; (K;) He chose, made choice of. selected, elected, or preferred, him, or it. (S, Msb, * K.) You say also, Aixotarotuhu Alr~ijaAla, and mina Alr~ijaAli, [I chose him from the men,] and Ealayohimo, (K,) which last signifies in preference to them. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 154], waA@xotaAra muwsaY qawomihi saboEiyna rajulFA [And Moses chose from his people seventy men]. (TA.) walaqadi A@xotaronaAhumo EalaY EilomK, in the Kur [xliv. 31, Verily we have chosen them with knowledge], may be indicative of God's producing good, or of his preferring them before others. (TA.) He sought, desired, or asked for, xiyrap (S, Msb, K) or xiyarap (as in some copies of the K) [i. e. the blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; &c.]. [And it is trans.; for] one says, Aisotaxiri A@ll~`ha yaxiro laka [Desire thou, or ask thou for, the blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; &c.; and He will bless, prosper, or favour, thee; &c.]. (S.) And Aisotaxarotu A@ll~`ha fiyhi faxaAra liY I desired, or asked, of God, the better of the two things, [or rather the better in it, meaning a case, or an affair,] and He chose it for me. (A.) ― -b2- See also 8. [Good, moral or physical; anything that is good, real or ideal, and actual or potential; and, being originally an inf. n., used as sing and pl.;] a thing that all desire; such as intelligence, for instance, and equity; (Er-Rághib, and so in some copies of the K;) [or goodness;] and excellence; and what is profitable or useful; benefit; (Er-Rághib;) contr. of $ar~N: (S, A, Msb:) pl. xuyuwrN, (Msb, K,) and also, accord. to the Msb, ↓ xiyaArN: (TA:) [but this latter seems to be properly pl. only of xayorN used as an epithet (see below) and as a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees: it may however be used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant:] xyr is of two kinds: namely, absolute xyr, which is what is desired in all circumstances and by every person: and what is xyr [or good] to one and $r~ [or evil] to another; as, for instance, (Er-Rághib,) wealth, or property: (Zj, L in art. $d, Er-Rághib, K:) it has this last signification, namely wealth, or property, in the Kur, ii. 176 (S, TA) and ii. 274 and xxiv. 33 and xli. 49: or in the first and second of these instances it is thus called to imply the meaning of wealth, or property, that has been collected in a praiseworthy manner, or it means much wealth or property; and this is its meaning in the first of the instances mentioned above, agreeably with a trad. of 'Alee; and also in the Kur, c. 8: (TA:) [being used as a pl. (as well as a sing.), it may be also rendered good things:] and it is also used by the Arabs to signify horses; (K, * TA;) and has this meaning in the Kur, xxxviii. 31: (TA:) [it is often best rendered good fortune; prosperity; welfare; wellbeing; weal; happiness; or a good state or condition: and sometimes bounty, or beneficence.] rajulN qaliylu Alxayori means [A man possessing little, or no, good; possessing few, or no, good things; or poor: and in whom is little, or no, good or goodness; or niggardly: and also] a man who does little good: (TA in art. ES:) or [who does no good;] who is not near to doing good; denoting the nonexistence of good in him. (Msb in art. ql.) [Thus it sometimes means the same as rajulN laA xayora fiyhi A man in whom is no good or goodness; devoid of goodness; worthless.] And qil~apu xayorK means Poverty: and also niggardliness. (A and TA in art. jHd.) huwa mino A^aholi Alxayori waAlxiyri is explained voce xiyrN. EalaYyadaYi Alxayori waAlyumoni [May it be with the aid of good fortune and prosperity] is a prayer used with respect to a marriage. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) And A_in~aka maA waxayorFA means maEa xayorK, i. e., Mayest thou meet with, or attain, good. (K.) ― -b2- xayorN in the phrase fulaAnN xayorN resembles an epithet [like ↓ xay~irN, and signifies Good; or possessing good]; (Akh, S;) therefore the fem. is xayorapN, of which the pl. is xayoraAtN, (Akh, S, Msb, *) as occurring in the Kur, lv. 70; and they do not [there] mean by it [the comparative or superlative signification of the measure] A^afoEalu: (Akh, S:) you say ↓ rajulN xay~irN, (S, A, Msb,) meaning [A good man; or] a man possessing xayor [or good]; (Msb;) and rajulN xayorN: (S:) and in like manner, ↓ AimoraA^apN xay~irapN and xayorapN, (S, Msb,) meaning [A good woman; or] a woman excellent in beauty and disposition: (Msb:) or xayorN and ↓ xay~irN signify possessing much xayor [or good], (K,) applied to a man; (TA;) and in the same sense you say ↓ rajulN xayoraY, and ↓ xuwraY, and ↓ xiyarY: and the fem. of the first is xayorapN; and of the second, ↓ xay~irapN: (K:) and the pl. [of pauc.] (of the first, TA) is A^axoyaArN, and [of mult.] xiyaArN: (A, Msb, K:) you say also xiyaAru AlmaAli, meaning The excellent of the camels or the like: (Msb, K:) and in like manner you say of men &c.: (TA:) [see also below:] and the fem. is xayorapN, of which the pl. is xayoraAtN: (Msb:) xiyaArN is contr. of A^a$oraArN, (S, Mgh,) [thus] used as an epithet: (Mgh:) and ↓ xayorapN [used as a subst.] signifies anything excellent; and the pl. thereof in this sense, xayoraAtN, occurs in the Kur, ix. 89: (S:) or xayorN, (K,) or the fem. xayorapN, (Lth,) or each, (K.) signifies excellent in beauty: (Lth, K:) and ↓ xay~irN and xay~irapN signify excellent in righteousness (Lth, K) and religion: (K:) or there is no difference in the opinion of the lexicologists [in general] between xayorapN and ↓ xay~irapN: (Az:) accord. to Zj, xayoraAtN and ↓ xay~iraAtN, both occurring in different readings of the Kur, lv. 70, signify good in dispositions: accord. to Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, xayorapN, applied to a woman, signifies generous in race, exalted in rank or quality or reputation, goodly in face, good in disposition, possessing much wealth, who, if she bring forth, brings forth a generous child: (TA:) [↓ xiyaArN is also applied as an epithet to a sing. subst., either masc. or fem.:] you say jamalN xiyaArN and naAqapN xiyaArN, meaning A he-camel [that is excellent or] excellent and brisk and so a she-camel. (TA.) See also muxotaArN, in three places. In the saying laEamaru A^abiyka Alxayoru, the word xayor is in the nom. case as an epithet of Eamor; [so that the phrase lit. means By the good life of thy father;] but properly it should be laEamoru A^abiyka Alxayori [By the life of thy good father]: and the like is said with $ar~. (TA.) [See also art. Emr.] ― -b3- xayorN is also used to denote superiority: one says, h`*aA xayorN mino h`*aA This is better than this: and in the dial. of the Benoo-'Ámir, ↓ h`*aA A^axoyaru mino h`*aA, with A^, and in like manner, A^a$~aru; but the rest of the Arabs drop the A^ in each case: (Msb:) you say, minoka ↓ huwa A^axoyaru [He is better than thou], and in like manner, A^a$~aru minoka; and huwa xayorN minoka, and in like manner, $ar~N minoka; and, [using the dim. form of xayorN,] minoka ↓ xuyayorN, and in like manner, $urayorN minoka. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) You also say, when you mean to express the signification of superiority, fulaAnapN xayoru Aln~aAsi [Such a woman is the best of mankind]; but not xayorapu: [see, however, what will be found cited hereafter from the K,] and fulaAnN xayoru Aln~aAsi [Such a man is the best of mankind]; but not ↓ A^axoyaru [unless in the dial. of the Benoo-'Ámir]: and [it is said that] xayoru when thus used does not assume the dual form nor the pl., because it has the signification of [the measure] A^afoEalu: for though a poet uses the dual form, he uses it as a contraction of the dual of xay~irN, like mayotN and may~itN, and hayonN and hay~inN: (S:) [but. this remark in the S is incorrect: for both xayor and ↓ A^axoyar, when used in such phrases as those to which J here refers, have pl. forms of frequent occurrence, and of which examples will be found below; and, as is said by I 'Ak (p. 239), and by many other grammarians, you may say, Alz~ayodaAni A^afoDalaA Alqawomi, and Alz~ayoduwna A^afoDaluw Alqawomi and A^afaADilu Alqawomi, and also hinodu fuDolaYAln~isaA='i, &c.; and such concordance is found in the Kur, vi. 123; and is even said by many to be more chaste than the mode prescribed by J:] it is said in the K, that you say, ↓ huwa A^axoyaru minoka, like xayoru; and when you mean the signification of superiority, you say fulaAnN xayorapN Aln~aAsi, with p, and fulaAnapu xayoruhumo, without p: but [SM says,] I know not how this is; for in the S is said what is different from this, and in like manner by Z in several places in the Ksh; and what is most strange is, that the author of the K quotes in the B the passage of J [from the S], and adopts the opinion of the leading authorities [as given in the S]: (TA:) or you say, fulaAnapu Alxayorapu mina AlmaroA^atayoni [Such a woman is the better of the two women]: and hiYa Alxayorapu, and ↓ Alxiyrapu, [so in the TA, but in the CK Alxiyarapu,] and ↓ AlxiyraY, and ↓ AlxuwraY, [the last being fem. of A^axoyaru, originally xuyoraY, and so, app., the last but one, She is the better, or best:] (K:) and [using the dim. form of xayorN] you say, A^aholihi ↓ huwa xuyayoru [He is the best of his family]: (Ibn-Buzurj, TA:) one says also, to one coming from a journey, xayora maA rud~a fiY A^aholK wamaAlK, meaning May God make that with which thou comest [back] to be the best of what is brought back by the absent with family and property; (As, Meyd, TA;) or, as some relate it, xayoru, i. e. rad~uka xayoru rad~K [may thy bringing back be the best bringing back]; and fY is used in the sense of maEa: (Meyd:) [A^axoyaArN is pl. of pauc., and xiyaArN pl. of mult., and so app. is xiyraAnN, of xayorN thus used; and ↓ A^axaAyiru is pl. of A^axoyaru, and so is A^axoyaruwna applied to rational beings: in the TA, A^axaAyiru is said to be a pl. pl. of A^axoyaru, and so xiyraAnN; but this is app. a mistake, probably of transcription:] you say rajulN mino xiyaAri Aln~aAsi and A^axoyaArihimo and ↓ A^axaAyirihimo [A man of the best of mankind]: (A, TA:) and laka xiyaAru h`*ihi AlA_ibili, and ↓ xiyratuhaA, [Thine are, or is, or shall be, the best of these camels,] alike with respect to a sing. and a pl.: (TA:) and A_ibilihi ↓ naHara xiyrapa and A_ibilihi ↓ xuwrapa [He slaughtered the best of his camels]: (IAar, TA:) and ↓ humu AlA^axoyaruwna [They (meaning men) are the better, or best]. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) -A2- maA xayora for maA A^axoyara: see 4, in two places. -A3- xayoru baw~aA='u [from the Persian xiyrobuwaA Lesser cardamom;] a kind of small grain, resembling the qaAqul~ap [or common cardamom], (K,) of sweet odour. (TA.) Generousness; generosity; (S, A, Msb, K;) liberality; munificence. (Msb.) You say, fulaAnN *uw xiyrK Such a one is a possessor of generousness, or generosity, &c. (Msb.) And huwa mino waAlxiyri ↓ A^aholi Alxayori [He is of the people of good, or of wealth, &c., and of generosity]. (A.) ― -b2- Eminence; elevated state or condition; nobility. (IAar, K.) ― -b3- Origin. (Lh, K.) ― -b4- Nature, or disposition. (A, K.) You say, huwa kariymu Alxiyri He is generous in nature, or disposition. (A.) ― -b5- Form, aspect, or appearance; figure, person, mien, feature, or lineaments; guise, or external state or condition; or the like; syn. hayoy^apN. (Lh, K.) [app. originally xuyorapN]: see xayorN, near the end of the paragraph; and see also art. xwr. fem. of xayorN [q. v.] used as an epithet: pl. xayoraAtN. (Akh, S, Msb.) ― -b2- [Also, used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, A good thing, of any kind: a good quality; an excellency: and a good act or action: &c.: pl. as above:] see xayorN, in the former half of the paragraph. : see xayorN, in three places, towards the end of the paragraph: ― -b2- and see xiyarapN, in four places: ― -b3- and xiyaArN. ― -b4- It is also a subst. from xaAraA@ll~`hu laka fiYh`*aAAlA^amori, (S,) and so ↓ xiyarapN; both signifying [The blessing, prospering, or favour, of God; his causing one to have, or appointing to one, good in an affair: or his choosing for one the better thing in an affair: or] the state that results to him who begs God to cause him to have good, or to choose for him the better thing, in an affair. (TA.) You say, kaAna *`lika xiyrapF mina A@ll~`hi [That was through God's blessing, prospering, or favour; &c.: or through God's choosing the better thing in the affair]. (A.) and ↓ xiyrapN (of which the former is the better known, TA) are substs. from AixotaArahu, (K,) or from AixotaArahu A@ll~`hu, (S,) both signifying A thing, man, or beast, and things, &c, that one chooses: (TA:) or [a thing, &c.,] chosen, selected, or elected: (Mgh:) as in the saying, muHam~adu xiyarapu A@ll~`hi mino xaloqihi and ↓ xiyratuhu [Mohammad is the chosen, or elect, of God, from his creatures]: (S, Mgh: *) or ↓ xiyrapN is a subst. from AlAixotiyaArN, like fidoyapN from AlAifotidaA='u; and xiyarapN is syn. with xiyaArN and AixotiyaArN; or is from taxay~arotu Al$~aYo'a: or, as some say, xiyrapN and xiyarapN are syn.: (Msb:) see 8; and see also xiyaArN: and ↓ h`*ihi xiyratiY (Msb, TA) or xiyaratiY (TA) means This is what I choose; (Msb, (TA;) and so h`*aA xyrtY: and h`w^ulaA='i xyrtY These are what I choose. (TA.) [See muxotaArN.] ― -b2- See also xiyrapN. : see xayorN, in two places. : see xayorN. : see xayorN, in two places. [ Of, or relating to, xayor, or good, &c.] Of, or relating to, or possessing, generousness, generosity, liberality, or munificence. (Msb.) -A2- And hence, (Msb,) or [thus applied] it is an arabicized word, (S,) [from the Persian xiyriYo,] The manovuwr [or gilliflower:] but generally applied to the yellow species thereof; [so in the present day;] for it is this from which is extracted its oil, which is an ingredient in medicines. (Msb.) [Accord. to Golius, “ Viola alba, ejusque genera: Diosc. iii. 138: ” and he adds, as on the authority of Ibn-Beytár, “ spec. luteum. ”] ― -b2- And xiyriY~u Albar~i The xuzaAmaY [q. v.]; because it is the most pungent in odour of the plants of the desert. (Msb.) [ The quality of xayorN; i. e. goodness.] a subst. from AlAixotiyaAru; (S, Mgh, K;) meaning Choice, or option; (Msb;) and so ↓ xiyarapN in the Kur [xxviii. 68], maAkaAna lahumu Alxiyarapu They have not choice, or option; (Mgh;) or the meaning of these words is, it is not for them to choose in preference to God; (Fr, Zj;) and so, accord. to Lth, ↓ xiyrapN, as being an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n., though this seems doubtful,] of AxtAr. (TA.) You say, A_in~a fiY Al$~ar~i xiyaArFA [Verily in evil there is a choice, or an option]; i. e. what may be chosen: a prov. (TA.) And A^anota biA@lxiyaArK and ↓ biA@lomuxotaAri [in some copies of the K bAlmxyAr, which, as is said in the TA, is a mistranscription, Thou hast the choice, or option]; i. e. choose thou what thou wilt. (K.) And AlbayoEu SafoqapN A^awo xiyaArN Selling is decisive or with the option of returning. (Mgh in art. Sfq.) Hence, xiyaAru Alr~uw^oyapi The choice of returning [on seeing it] a thing which one has purchased without seeing it. (Mgh, * Msb, * KT.) And xiyaAru Almajolisi [The choice of returning a thing purchased while sitting with the seller]. (TA.) And xiyaAru AlEayobi [and Aln~aqiySapi] The choice of returning a thing to the seller when it has a fault, a defect, or an imperfection. (KT.) And xiyaAru Al$~aroTi The choice of returning a thing purchased when one of the two contracting parties has made it a condition that he may do so within three days or less. (KT.) And xiyaAru Alt~aEoyiyni The choice of specifying [for instance] one of two garments, or pieces of cloth, which one has purchased for ten pieces [of money, or some other sum,] on the condition of so doing. (KT.) ― -b2- See also muxotaArN, in three places. And see xayorN, in the middle of the paragraph, where it is explained as an epithet applied to a sing. subst., either masc. or fem. See also the first sentence of that paragraph. ― -b3- It is also a pl. of xayorN [q. v.] as an epithet, (A, Msb, K,) [and as a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees.] -A2- Also [A species of cucumber; cucumis sativus Linn. a fructu minore: (Delile, Flor. Aeg. Illustr., no. 927 :)] i. q. qiv~aA='N: (S:) or resembling the qv~A='; (K, &c.;) which is the more suitable explanation: (TA:) or i. q. qavadN [q. v.]: an arabicized word: (Mgh:) [from the Persian xiyaArN:] not Arabic. (S.) ― -b2- xiyaAru $anobara [The cassia fistula of Linn.;] a well-known kind of tree; (K;) a species of the xar~uwb, resembling a large peach-tree; (TA;) abounding in Alexandria and Misr; (K;) and having an admirable yellow flower: (TA:) the latter division [or rather the whole] of the name is arabicized [from the Persian xiyaAro Janobaro]. (TA.) : see xayorN, [of which it is the dim.,] in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph. , and its fem. xay~irapN, and pl. fem. xay~iraAtN: see xayorN, (used as an epithet,) in eight places, in the former half of the paragraph. [Doing good, or well: &c.:] act. part. n. of xaAra. (S, TA.) , and its pls. A^axaAyiru and A^aHoyaruwna: see xayorN, in eight places, in the latter half of the paragraph. [Of, or relating to, the will, or choice]. SifapN A@xotiyaAriy~apN [meaning A quality which originates from, or depends upon, the will, or choice, i. e. an acquired quality,] is opposed to xiloqiy~apN. (Msb in art. mdH, &c.) [A cause of good: and hence,] excel-lence, and eminence, or nobility: so in the phrase, fulaAnN *uw maxoyarapK [Such a one is a possessor of eminence, &c.]. (A, TA.) : see what follows. act. part. n. [of 8, signifying Choosing, selecting, or electing]. (TA.) ― -b2- And pass. part. n. [of the same, signifying Chosen, selected, elected, or preferred: and choice, select, or elect; as also ↓ xiyaArN, which signifies like wise the best of anything; often used in this sense, as a sing. and as a pl.; and excellent, or excellent and brisk, applied to a he-camel and to a she-camel; as mentioned above, voce xayorN]. (TA.) You say also ↓ jamalN xiyaArN in the sense of muxotaArN [A choice he-camel], and naAqapN ↓ xiyaArN in the sense of muxotaArapN [A choice she-camel]. (TA.) [See also xiyarapN.] The dim. of muxotaArN is ↓ muxay~irN: the t is thrown out because it is augmentative; and the Y is changed into Y because it was changed from Y in mxtAr: (S:) one should not say muxayotiyrN. (El-Hareeree's Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gr. Ar. p. 49 of the Arabic text.) ― -b3- See also xiyaArN. xy$ Garments, or pieces of cloth, of the worst of flax: (S:) or garments, or pieces of cloth, of thin texture, and of coarse threads, made of the hards, or hurds, of flax, (K, * TA,) and of the worst thereof: (TA:) or of the coarsest of [the stuff called] ESb [i. e. EaSob, q. v., in the copies of the K in my hands incorrectly written EaSab]: (Lth, K:) or coarse flax: (Mgh:) or a cloth of coarse flax. (Har p. 544.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A low, vile, or mean, man. (K.) and ↓ xay~aA$N [A weaver, or seller, of xayo$.The former mentioned in the K, and the latter in the TA, as surnames of men.] : see what next precedes. xyT , (Msb, TA,) first pers. xiTotu, (S,) aor. yaxiyTu, (Msb,) inf. n. xiyaATapN, (S, TA,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb, TK,) and the inf. n. is xayoTN, (TK,) which is said in the K to be syn. with xiyaATapN, but this last is a mistake for xiyaATN as signifying “thread,” (TA,) or “a thread,” (AZ, TA,) though xiyaATN is also syn. with xiyaATapN, (TA,) He sewed, sewed together, or sewed up, a garment, or piece of cloth; (S, Msb, TA;) as also ↓ xy~Thu, inf. n. taxoyiyTN. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xaATa baEiyrFA bibaEiyrK (tropical:) He coupled a camel with a camel [by tying the end of the halter of one to the tail of the other]. (TA.) ― -b3- xaATati AlHay~apu, (TA,) inf. n. xayoTN, (K, TA,) (tropical:) The serpent ran along upon the ground. (K, * TA.) ― -b4- ↓ xAT A_ilayohi xayoTapF (tropical:) He passed by him, or it, [or to, or towards, him or it,] once: or ↓ xAT xayoTapF he passed along quickly: (K, * TA:) and so ↓ AxtAT and AixotaTaY. (K.) It is said by Kr to be formed by transposition from AlxaTowu: but this is a mistake; for, were it so, they would have said, xAT xawoTapF, not xayoTapF. (ISd.) Accord. to Lth, waAHidapF ↓ xAT xayoTapF means (assumed tropical:) He made his journey [or a journey] without interruption. (TA.) In the A it is said that ↓ xAT fulaAnN xayoTapF means (tropical:) Such a one journeyed on, not pausing for anything: and in like manner, xAT A_ilaY maqoSidihi (tropical:) [He journeyed on, not pausing for anything, to his place, or object, of aim]. (TA.) see 1. ― -b2- xay~aTa Al$~ayobu fiY raA^osihi, (S, K,) inf. n. taxoyiyTN, (K,) means (tropical:) Whiteness of the hair, or hoariness, appeared upon his head (K, TA) in streaks, or lines: (TA:) it is like waxaTa: (S, TA:) or became like threads: (K:) and in like manner, fiY liHoyatihi in his beard. (TA.) Bedr Ibn—' Ámir El—Hudhalee says, A^aqosamotu laA A^anosaY maniyHapa waAHidK Hat~aY tuxay~iTa biAlbayaADi quruwniY (S, TA) [I swear that I will not forget the loan (here meaning the qaSiydap, Skr) of one (meaning Abu—l—'Iyál [with whom he was carrying on a controversy], Skr)] until the sides of my head become streaked with whiteness: (TA:) but some read tuxay~aTa; and Ibn—Habeeb says that xay~aTa Al$~ayobu Alr~aA^osa signifies (assumed tropical:) Whiteness of the hair, or hoariness, became conjoined and continuous upon the head, as though one part thereof were sewed to another: (IB, TA:) some read ↓ taxay~aTa; and accord. to the K, you say, taxay~aTa raA^osuhu biAl$~ayobi, meaning (assumed tropical:) His head became streaked, or marked as with threads, by whiteness of the hair, or hoariness: [the best reading seems to be taxay~aTa, for tatatxay~aTa:] and some read tawax~aTa [for tatawax~aTa, from tawax~aTa as having the meaning here assigned to taxay~aTa]. (TA.) see 2. see 1. : see xay~aATN. Thread, or string; or a thread or string; syn. silokN; (S, K;) the thing with which one sews; (Msb;) [often used as a coll. gen. n.; n. un. with p;] and ↓ xiyaATN [likewise] signifies the thing with which a garment, or piece of cloth, is sewed; as also ↓ mixoyaTN; besides having another signification, common to it with the last, namely “a needle; ” (K;) the pl. of xayoTN is A^axoyaATN [a pl. of pauc.] (IB, K) and xuyuwTN (S, Msb, K) and xuyuwTapN [both pls. of mult.]. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., waAlmixoyaTa ↓ A^ad~uwA AlxiyaATa, meaning [Bring ye] the xayoT and the needle. (TA.) And you say, ↓ A^aEoTiniY xiyaATFA and niSaAHFA, i. e. [Give thou to me] a single xayoT. (AZ, TA.) [A^aEoTinaY xiyaATFA waniSaAHFA may, however, mean Give thou to me a needle and thread.] ― -b2- xayoTu Alr~aqabapi (assumed tropical:) The nuxaAE [or spinal cord] of the neck. (S, K) You say, jaAHa$a fulaAnN Eano xayoTi raqabatihi, meaning (tropical:) Such a one defended his blood. (S, O, L.) ― -b3- AlxayoTu AlA^aboyaDu and AlxayoTu AlA^asowadu, mentioned in the Kur ii. 183, mean (assumed tropical:) The true dawn, and the false dawn: (Msb:) or the whiteness of the dawn, and the blackness of night; (K, TA;) likened to a thread because of its thinness: (TA:) or the whiteness of day, and the blackness of night: (A 'Obeyd, Nh:) or the dawn that extends sideways, and the dawn that rises high, or, as some say, the blackness of night: (S:) or what appears of the true dawn, which is the musotaTiyr, and what extends with it of the darkness of night, which is the dawn termed the musotaTiyl: (Mgh:) or what first appears of the dawn spreading sideways in the horizon, and what extends with it of the darkness of the last part of the night: (Bd:) or the dawn that rises high, filling the horizon, and the dawn that appears black, extending sideways: (Aboo-Is-hák:) or the real meaning is the day and the night. (TA.) AlxayoTaAni also signifies (assumed tropical:) The night and the day. (L in art. wsd.) tabay~ana AlxayoTu mina AlxayoTi means (tropical:) [The night became distinct from the day: or] what is termed AlxayoTu AlA^aboyaDu became distinct from what is termed AlxayoTu AlA^asowadu. (TA.) And xayoTN mina AlS~uboHi is also said to signify (assumed tropical:) A tint of the dawn. (TA.) [See bariymu AlS~uboHi in art. brm.] ― -b4- xayoTu baATilK (tropical:) What is called luEaAbu Al$~amosi and muxaATu Al$~ayoTaAni, (S, TA,) which last is explained by Z and IB as meaning what comes forth from the mouth of the spider: (TA: [the author of which says that, accord. to this explanation, this term differs from lEAb Al$ms: but in so saying he seems to be in error: both evidently signify gossamer:]) it was applied as a surname, or nickname, to Marwán Ibn-El-Hakam; because he was tall, and loose, or uncompact, in frame: (S:) or it signifies the air; syn. AlhawaA='u [perhaps a mistranscription for AlhabaA='u, occurring in another explanation hereafter]: (K:) or light entering from an aperture in a wall [into a dark place] (Th, K:) or xayoTu AlbaATili signifies the scattered habaA=' [or atoms that are seen in the rays of the sun] entering from an aperture in a wall [into a dark place] when the sun is hot: and one says, fulaAnN A^adaq~u mino xayoTi AlbaATili (tropical:) [Such a one is less in estimation than the scattered atoms that are seen in the rays of the sun]; a prov., applied to him who is in an abject state; thus related, on the authority of Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà, by Az and others; but by Sgh, erroneously, A^araq~u mino xayoTi baATilK. (TA.) ― -b5- See also what next follows, in two places. (As, IDrd, S, K) and ↓ xayoTN (IDrd, Msb, K) and ↓ xayoTaY (S, K) (assumed tropical:) A collection, or flock, of ostriches, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) and a swarm of locusts, (K,) and a ↓ xayoT is sometimes of [wild] bulls or cows: (L, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axoyaATN (IB) and [of mult.] xiyTaAnN: (K:) ↓ which last, as also ↓ xayoTaAnN, signifies likewise a company of men. (TA.) [xiyTN may perhaps be originally xuyoTN, pl. of xayoTaA='u, q. v.] (tropical:) Length of the neck of an ostrich, (S, TA,) and of the [bones, such as are termed] qaSab thereof: or, as some say, a constant mixture of blackness with whiteness therein: or their being in an uninterrupted line, like an extended xayoT [or thread]. (TA.) [n. un. of xayoTN, q. v. ― -b2- Also,] in the dial. of Hudheyl, (S,) A wooden peg or stoke, (Skr, S, K,) which is fixed in a mountain, in order that one may let himself down [by means of a rope attached thereto] over against the place where [wild] honey is deposited [to gather it]. (Skr.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, (S, TA,) describing the gathere of honey, (TA,) tadal~aY EalayohaA bayona sib~K waxayoTapK bijarodaA='a mivoli Alwakofi yakobuw guraAbuhaA (S, TA,) i. e. He let himself down [over against it, meaning the place of the honey, partly] by means of a rope (for so sib~ signifies) and [partly by means of] a wooden peg or stake [to which the rope was attached, fixed] in a rock smooth like the [leather termed] wakof, i. q. niTaE, [the crow of which rock would fall prone upon its face for want of something therein to which to cling:] (TA:) or (in the K “ and ”) xyTp signifies a rope; (As, Az, K, TA;) [and if so, sib~ here means “ a wooden peg, ” which is a signification assigned to it in the K in art. sb:] or, accord. to AA, a slender rope (S, L, TA) made [of the bark] of the tree called salab: (L, TA:) and (accord. to some, TA) a string which is with the gatherer of honey, (K, TA,) and with which he pulls the rope [app. when he has detached himself from the latter to gather the honey], it being tied to him: (TA:) or a [tunic of the kind called] dur~aAEap, [of leather,] which he wears. (Ibn-Habeeb, K, TA. [In the CK, dur~AEapK is erroneously put for dur~aAEapN.]) -A2- See also 1, in four places. One says also, maAA=tiyka A_il~aA AlxayoTapa (assumed tropical:) I do not come to thee save sometime. (TA.) : see xiyTN. (tropical:) A she-ostrich long in the neck. (S, K, TA.) and xiyTaAnN: see xiyTN. A needle; as also ↓ mixoyaTN. (S, Msb, * K.) Hence the saying in the Kur [vii. 38], Hat~aY yalija AlHabalu fiY sam~i AlxiyaATi [Until the camel enter into the eye of the needle]. (S.) ― -b2- See also xayoTN, in three places. ― -b3- And see maxiyTN. The art of sewing. (Msb, TA.) [See also 1.] A seamster; one whose occupation is that of sewing; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ xaAy^iTN (K) and ↓ xaATN. (Sgh, K. [in the CK xaAT~N.]) [In the present day, its predominant application is to A tailor.] ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) One who passes along quickly. (TA.) : see xay~aATN. and ↓ maxoyuwTN A garment, or piece of cloth, sewed: (S, Msb, K:) the Y in the former is the w of the measure mafoEuwlN, changed into Y because of its being quiescent and the preceding letter's being with kesr; the letter preceding it being made movent because it and the w are quiescent after the Y has fallen out; [for by dropping the Y it becomes changed from maxoyuwTN to maxowoTN;] and it is made movent with kesr [and thus changed from maxowoTN to maxiwoTN, which necessarily becomes maxiyTN,] in order to its being known that the letter which has dropped out is Y: some say that the Y in maxiyTN is the radical, and that the letter thrown out is the w of the measure mafoEuwlN, in order that the word with w [for its medial radical] may be known from that with Y; [so that it is changed from maxoyuwTN to maxoyuTN, and then to maxoyoTN, and then to maxiyTN;] but the former saying is the right, because the w is a formative augment, and it is not proper that such should be thrown out. (S.) ― -b2- Also, the former, (assumed tropical:) The whole of the exterior of the belly. (ISh.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) A place of passage; (O, L, TA;) a meaning erroneously assigned in the K to ↓ xiyaATN and ↓ maxoyaTN: (TA:) and particularly, (tropical:) of a serpent; (TA;) the place of creeping along of a serpent. (K, TA.) : see xayoTN: ― -b2- and xiyaATN. ― -b3- See also maxiyTN. : see maxiyTN. xyf The having one of the eyes blue and the other black: (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K:) inf. n. of xayifN, aor. yaxoyafu: (JK, Msb: *) said of a horse, (S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) &c., (S, K,) i. e. of any animal. (S, TA.) ― -b2- Also The being wide in the sheath of the penis: (S, K:) in this sense [likewise] inf. n. of xayifa: (S:) said of a camel. (S, K.) ― -b3- And [app. in like manner having for its verb xayifato] A she-camel's being such, as is termed xayofaA=' [i. e. wide in the udder, or in the skin thereof, or only when it is empty of milk, and flaccid]. (S) , (JK,) or xy~ft A^awolaAdahaA, (TA,) (tropical:) She (a woman) brought forth her children different, one from another. (JK, TA.) ― -b2- xuy~ifa bayonahumo, (JK, A, K,) inf. n. taxoyiyfN, (K,) (tropical:) It (a thing, JK, K, or property, A) was divided, or distributed, among them. (JK, A, K.) ― -b3- xuy~ifato Eumuwru All~ivapi mina AlA^asonaAni, (JK,) or bayona AlA^asonaAni, (K,) (tropical:) The portions of the flesh of the gums between the teeth became separated (JK, K) from the teeth. (JK.) -A2- xy~f He (a man, JK) alighted, or descended and stopped or sojourned or abode, in a place; (JK, K;) as also xy~m. (JK.) ― -b2- xy~f Einoda AlqitaAli, (JK,) or Eani AlqitaAli, (K,) He receded, drew back, or desisted, (JK, K,) on the occasion of fight, (JK,) or from fight. (K.) , (JK, S, K,) inf. n. A_ixaAfapN; (TA;) and A^axoyafa; (JK, K;) said of a man, (JK, TA,) or of a party of men, (JK, S,) He, or they, alighted, or descended and stopped or sojourned or abode, in a [tract such as is termed] xayof: (JK:) and [particularly] came to the xayof of Minè, and there alighted, or descended and stopped &c.; (JK, * S, K;) as also ↓ AxtAf. (Yoo, K.) -A2- AxAf Als~ayolu Alqawoma The torrent made the party, or company of men, to alight, or descend and stop or sojourn or abide, in a [tract such as is termed] xayof. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) He (a man, TA) altered so as to become of different colours. (K, TA.) ― -b2- txy~ft AlA_ibilu The camels took different directions in the place of pasturage (Lh, JK) &c. (Lh.) -A2- txy~fhu He took by little and little from it; (IAar, JK;) as also txw~fhu [q. v.]. (JK.) see 4. [sing. of A^axoyaAfN]. You say, Aln~aAsu A^axoyaAfN (tropical:) Men, or the people, are different, one from another, (JK, S, A, Sgh, Msb, K, *) in their states, or conditions, (JK,) or in their forms, shapes, or semblances; (Sgh;) or of various sorts in natural dispositions, and in forms, shapes, or semblances: (L:) from xayafN signifying the “ having one of the eyes blue and the other black. ” (S. [See 1.]) And A^axoyaAfN, (Mgh, Msb,) or A_ixowapN A^axoyaAfN, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) Brothers who are sons of one mother but of different fathers: (S, Mgh, Msb, * K:) and in like manner, banuw AlA^axoyaAfi, if of good authority. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And hence, A^aboyaAtN A^axoyaAfN (tropical:) Verses diversified by having one word thereof composed of dotted letters and another composed of letters not dotted. (Har p. 611 and 612.) ― -b3- Also, the sing., Land, (ISd, TA,) or a place, (Mgh,) of which the stones are of different colours. (ISd, Mgh, TA.) ― -b4- A side, region, quarter, or tract; syn. naAHiyapN. (K.) ― -b5- The part that slopes down from the rugged portion of a mountain and rises from the channel in which the water flows; (S, K;) whence masojidu Alxayofi [the mosque of the xyf] in Minè: (S) or an elevated place, like the xyf of Minè: (Mgh:) or the part, of a valley, that rises a little from the channel in which the water flows, and only between two mountains; and hence msjdAlxyf, originally masojidu xayofi minFY: (Msb:) and any declivity and acclivity at the foot of a mountain: and a white place in the black mountain that is behind Aboo-Kubeys; and hence the name of msjdAlxyf; or this is so called because it is [in] a naAHiyap [or side &c.] of Minè; or because it is at the foot of a mountain: (K:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axoyaAfN (TA) and [of mult.] xuyuwfN. (Mgh, TA.) ― -b6- Also The skin of the udder: (S, K:) or the side of the udder: or the skin of the she-camel's udder: (K:) or a she-camel's udder: or the anterior part of her neck: and the skin of her podex. (JK.) : see 1 in art. xwf, first sentence. , accord. to Aboo-'Alee belonging to this art.: see art. xwf. (TA.) A knife, (AA, K,) such as is termed ramiyD [q. v.]. (AA, TA.) -A2- Also, (thus in the K,) or ↓ xiyfapN, (so in the JK, [and app. accord. to Sgh,]) The place of resort a lion: (JK, K:) mentioned in this art. by Ibn-'Abbád; but accord. to Sgh, it may be from Alxawofu. (TA.) : see what next precedes: -A2- and see also art. xwf. Locusts before their wings are fullgrown: (Lth, * K, TA:) [see jaraAdN:] or when they have upon them streaks of different colours, white and yellow: (S, K:) or when they have changed from their first black or yellow colour to red: (As, K:) or when yellowness has appeared in their red colour, but some of the redness remains: (AHát, TA:) or [in the CK “ and ”] emaciated red locusts of the brood of the next preceding year: (K:) accord. to Lh, you say jaraAdN xayofaAnN, meaning locusts of different colours: (TA:) [but xyfAn is generally used as a subst.:] the n. un. is with p. (S.) ― -b2- Hence the n. un. is applied to a mare, as meaning (assumed tropical:) Brisk, sprightly, active, or agile, and leaping. (S, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also, app.,] xayofaAnN mina Aln~aAsi (assumed tropical:) A multitude of men. (Ibn-'Abbád, K. *) -A2- Also A certain plant of the mountains; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) a certain herb growing in the mountain, having no leaves, rising more than a cubit in height, having a sanamap [or head resembling an ear of corn], which is green in the upper part and white below, with a white awn, or beard. (L.) , applied to a horse, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and a camel, (TA,) and any animal, (S, TA,) Having one of the eyes blue and the other black: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) fem. xayofaA='u. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And, applied to a camel, Wide in the sheath of the penis. (S, K.) ― -b3- And the fem., applied to a she-camel, Wide in the udder, (K,) or in the skin thereof, (S, * K,) or only when it is empty of milk, and flaccid: pl. xayofaAwaAtN; (K;) which is extr., for a pl. like this belongs [regularly] only to a subst., and to an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) ― -b4- The pl. of A^axoyafu is xiyfN and xuwfN, (K, TA, [the latter erroneously written in the CK xawofN,]) with kesr and damm. (TA.) : see art. xwf. [Diversified in colour]; applied by ElKumeyt to a horse of which one part was of the colour termed warod, and the rest jawon. (L and TA voce haDobN.) A woman who brings forth one year a boy and another year a girl. (JK.) xyl is syn. with Zan~a and tawah~ama: (TA:) you say, xaAla Al$~aYo'a, (Msb, K,) first pers. xilotu, (JK, S,) aor. yaxaAlu, (Msb, K,) first pers. A_ixaAlu and A^axaAlu, (JK, S, Msb, K, &c.,) the former irregular, (Msb,) but the more chaste of the two, (S,) and the more used, (Msb,) of the dial. of Teiyi, but commonly used by others also, (El-Marzookee, TA,) the latter of the dial. of Benoo-Asad, accord. to rule, (S, Msb,) but of weak authority, (K,) though some assert it to be the more chaste, (TA,) inf. n. xayolN (S, Msb, K) and xayolapN and xiylN (K) and xiylapN (S, K) and xaAlN and xayalaAnN, (K, TA, [the last accord. to the CK xayalaAlN,]) or, as in the T [and JK], xiylaAnN, (TA,) and xayoluwlapN and maxiylapN (S, K) and maxaAlapN; (K;) and xaAla Al$~aYo'a, aor. yaxiylu, is a dial. var. thereof; (Msb;) meaning Zan~apu [He thought, or opined, the thing: and sometimes (see I' Ak p. 109) he knew the thing: but it seems to have originally signified twh~m Al$Y'a, i. e. he surmised, or fancied, the thing: see xaAlN, below]. (S, Msb, K.) This verb, being of the class of Zan~a, occurs with an inchoative and an enunciative; if commencing the phrase, governing them; but if in the middle or at the end, it may be made to govern or to have no government. (S.) You say, A_ixaAlu zayodFA A^axaAka [and, if you will, zayodN A_ixaAlu A^axuwka and zayodN A^axuwka A_ixaAlu, I think Zeyd is thy brother and Zeyd I think is thy brother and Zeyd is thy brother I think]. (JK.) Hence the prov., mano yasomaEo yaxalo, (S, TA,) i. e. He who hears the things related of men and of their vices, or faults, will think evil of them: meaning that it is most safe to keep aloof from other men: or, accord. to some, it is said on the occasion of verifying an opinion. (TA.) -A2- See also 8. -A3- xAl EalaYAlmaAli, aor. yaxiylu: see xaAla in art. xwl. -A4- xAl said of a horse, (JK, K, TA,) aor. yaxaAlu, (K,) inf. n. xaAlN, (JK, K,) He limped, or halted, or was slightly lame. (JK, K. *) signifies The imaging a thing in the mind, or fancying it; the forming an image, or a fancied image, thereof in the mind: (TA:) [and ↓ taxay~ulN has the same, as well as a quasipass., signification.] You say, [↓ xay~alotuhu fataxay~ala liY and] liY ↓ fataxay~ala ↓ taxay~alotuhu [I imaged it in the mind, or fancied it, and it became imaged in the mind to me, or an object of fancy to me]; like as you say, [Saw~arotuhu fataSaw~ara liY and] taSaw~arotuhu fataSaw~ara liY: (S:) for ↓ taxay~ulN [as inf. n. of a quasi-pass. verb] signifies a thing's being imaged in the mind, or fancied: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and Al$~aYo'u lahu ↓ txy~l means ta$ab~aha. (K. [And the same is indicated in the Msb.]) You say also, xuy~ila lahu ka*aA [Such a thing was imaged to him in the mind; i. e. such a thing seemed to him]; from Alwahomu and AlZ~an~u: (Msb:) and xuy~ila A_ilayohi A^an~ahu ka*aA (S) It was imaged to him [in the mind, i. e. it seemed to him,] that it was so; syn. $ub~iha; (PS;) from Alt~axoyiylu and Alwahomu: (S, TA:) and lahu A^an~ahu ka*aA ↓ taxay~ala signifies [in like manner it became imaged &c.; i. e.] ta$ab~aha; as also ↓ txAyl: (S:) and so the first of these three verbs is used in the Kur xx. 69. (TA.) And fulaAnN yamoDiY EalaY maA xay~alato, (JK and S in explanation of the phrase fulaAnN yamoDiY ↓ EalaYAlmuxay~ali,) i. e. $ab~ahato [Such a one goes on, notwithstanding what (the mind, or the case,) may image to him, or what is fancied by him, of danger of difficulty; Aln~afosu, or AlHaAlu, accord. to Z, (see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 94,) being understood]; meaning, notwithstanding peril, or risk; without any certain knowledge. (S.) Whence the prov., EalaYmaA xuy~ilato waEovu AlqaSiymi i. e. I will go on, notwithstanding what the soft tracts abounding in sand in which the feet sink may be imagined to be: [or the right reading is probably xay~alato, i. e. notwithstanding what the soft tracts &c. may image to the mind, of danger or difficulty:] the t in xy~lt relates to the word wEv, which is [regarded as] pl. of waEovapN; and ElY is a connective of a suppressed verb, namely, A^amoDiY, with what follows it: the meaning is, I will assuredly venture upon the affair, notwithstanding its terribleness. (Meyd.) And AifoEalo *`lika EalaY maA xay~alato, i. e. EalaY maA $ab~ahato [Do thou that, notwithstanding what (the mind, or the case, as explained above,) may image to thee, of danger or difficulty]; (JK;) meaning, in any case. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] xy~l liln~aAqapi, and ↓ A^axoyala, He put a xayaAl [q. v.] near the she-camel's young one, in order that the wolf might be scared away from him, (JK, * S, K, *) and not approach him. (JK, S.) ― -b3- And xy~l fiyhi Alxayora He perceived, or discovered, in him an indication, or external sign, of good; as also ↓ txy~lhu (K, TA) and txw~lhu: (TA: [see also 4 in art. xwl:]) or you say, Ealayohi ↓ taxay~alato, (T, S, TA,) meaning I knew him; or knew his internal, or real, state; (taxab~arotuhu, T, TA;) or I chose him; (Aixotarotuhu, S, TA;) and perceived, or discovered, in him an indication, or external sign, of good. (T, S, TA.) ― -b4- And xy~l Ealayohi, (S, Msb, K,) inf.n. taxoyiylN (Msb, K) and ↓ taxay~ulN, (K,) [the latter anomalous, being properly inf. n. of taxay~ala,] He conveyed doubt, or suspicion, (Alt~uhomapa, S, K, or Alwahoma, Msb,) to him; so in the M, on the authority of AZ; (TA;) i. q. lab~asa Ealayohi [he made (a thing, or case) dubious to him]. (Msb.) ― -b5- And xy~lt EalayonaA Als~amaA='u The sky thundered and lightened [over us], and prepared to rain: but when the rain has fallen, the term ↓ taxay~ulN [so in my two copies of the S, app. used as an inf. n. of the verb in this phrase, as in a case above, or perhaps a mistranscription for taxoyiylN, though it will be seen from what follows that xy~lt and txy~lt are both said of the sky in the same sense,] is not used: (S:) or xy~lt Als~amaA='u signifies the sky became clouded, but did not rain; (JK, and Har p. 36;) as also ↓ AxAlt and ↓ txy~lt and ↓ xAylt: (Har ibid.:) or, as also ↓ txy~lt (Msb, K) and ↓ AxAlt, (Msb,) or ↓ A^axoyalat, (K,) the sky prepared to rain, (Msb, K, TA,) and thundered and lightened, but did not yet rain: (TA:) or, accord. to Az, ↓ AxAlt Als~amaA='u signifies the sky became clouded: (Msb, TA:) and Als~amaA='u ↓ txy~lt the sky became clouded, and prepared to rain. (S.) [In like manner,] one says also, Als~aHaAbu ↓ AxAlt and ↓ A^axoyalat and ↓ xAylt The clouds gave hope of rain: (S:) or Als~aHaAbapu ↓ AxAlt the cloud showed signs of rain, so that it was thought [or expected] to rain. (Msb.) -A2- xy~l also signifies, (JK, TA,) or ↓ txy~l, (Ham p. 39,) [or each of these,] He (a man) was cowardly, or weak-hearted, on the occasion of fight, (JK, TA, and Ham,) and did not act, or proceed, firmly, or steadily. (Ham.) And xy~l Eani Alqawomi and ↓ A^axoyala, [but the former only is explained in this sense in the TA,] He held back from the people, or party, through cowardice: (K, TA:) so says Az, on the authority of' Arrám. (TA.) , (JK, TA,) inf. n. muxaAyalapN, (S, K,) He vied with him, rivalled him, or imitated him, (JK, S, * K, * TA,) in pride and self-conceit; (JK;) did as he did. (TA.) ― -b2- xAylt Als~amaA='u, and Als~aHaAbu: see 2, in the latter part of the paragraph. It (a thing) was, or became, dubious, or confused, or vague, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) Ealayohi to him. (JK, Mgh.) One says, h`*aA A^amorN laA yuxiylu [This is a thing, or an affair, or a case, that will not be dubious, &c.]. (S.) And laA yuxiylu *aAka EalaY A^aHadK That will not be dubious, &c., to any one. (JK.) ― -b2- AxAl Al$~aYo'u A_ilaY Alxayori, and Almakoruwhi, The thing exhibited an indication, or indications, of good, and of evil, or what was disliked or hated. (Msb.) [Hence,] AxAlt Als~amaA='u, and A^axoyalat: see 2, in the latter part of the paragraph, in four places. And AxAlt Als~aHaAbu and A^axoyalat, or AxAlt Als~aHaAbapu: see, again, 2, in the latter part of the paragraph, in three places. ― -b3- And hence, in the opinion of ISd, the she-camel in this case being likened to clouds [giving hope, or showing signs, of rain], (TA,) AxAlt Aln~aAqapu (tropical:) The she-camel had milk in her udder, (JK, K, TA,) and was in good condition of body. (JK, TA.) ― -b4- AxAlt AlA^aroDu biAln~abaAti, (K,) or, as in the M, ↓ AxtAlt, (TA,) (tropical:) The land became adorned, or embellished, with plants, or herbage. (K, TA. [See also 5.]) -A2- AxAl fiyhi xaAlFA mina Alxayori: see 4 in art. xwl; and see xaAlN, below. ― -b2- A^axoyalonaA and A^axalonaA We watched, or observed, or looked at, a cloud which it was thought would rain, to see where it would rain. (K, * TA.) And A^axalotu Als~aHaAbapu and A^axoyalotuhaA I saw the cloud to be such as gave hope of rain. (S. [See also 10.]) -A3- A^axoyala liln~aAqapi: see 2, in the middle of the paragraph. -A4- A^axoyala Eani Alqawomi: see 2, last sentence. , as a trans. v., syn. with xay~ala; and its inf. n., syn. with taxoyiylN: see 2, first two sentences, in two places. ― -b2- txy~l fiyhi Alxayori, as syn. with xay~ala: and taxay~alotu Ealayohi: see 2, in the latter half of the paragraph. -A2- Also, as a quasipass. v., similar in signification to xuy~ila; and its inf. n.: see 2, first three sentences, in five places. ― -b2- And taxy~ulN used as an inf. n. of xay~ala Ealayohi: and app. as an inf. n. of xay~alato EalayonaA Als~amaA='u: see 2, latter half, in two places. ― -b3- txy~lt Als~amaA='u: see 2, latter half, in three places. ― -b4- txy~l as syn. with AxtAl: see the latter verb. ― -b5- [Hence, app.,] txy~lt AlA^aroDu (assumed tropical:) The land became abundant in its plants, or herbage: (JK:) [and, (as is shown by an explanation of the part. n. of the verb, below,) (assumed tropical:) the land had its plants, or herbage, in a state of full maturity, and in blossom; and so ↓ txAylt; whence,] a poet says, taA^az~ara fiyhi Aln~ayotu Hat~aY taxaAyalato rubaAhu waHat~aY maA turaY Al$~aA='u nuw~amaA [The herbage in it became, or had become, tangled, or luxuriant, and strong, so that its hills were clad with plants in full maturity, and in blossom, and so that the sheep, or goats, were seen sleeping]. (S, TA. [In both, the meaning of the verb in this ex. is indicated by the context. See also 4, where a similar meaning is assigned to AxAlt or AxtAlt.]) ― -b6- taxay~ulN also signifies The being, or becoming, of various colours. (JK, Ham p. 39. *) [Hence the saying,] taxay~ala Algaroqu biAls~afori, i. e. [The desert, or far-extending desert] became of various colours with the travellers, by reason of the A=l [or mirage]. (JK.) ― -b7- Also The going on, or away; or acting with a penetrative energy; and being quick. (JK, Ham p. 39.) ― -b8- See also 2, last sentence but one. see 2, third sentence: ― -b2- and 8, in two places: ― -b3- and see also 5, in two places. He was proud, or haughty; or he behaved proudly, or haughtily; (S;) as also ↓ xaAla, (JK, S,) aor. yaxiylu, (JK,) or yaxaAlu, (Ham p. 122,) and yaxuwlu, (JK, Ham,) inf. n. xaAlN and xawolN; (Ham;) and ↓ txy~l and ↓ txAyl: (K, TA:) or he was proud, or haughty, and selfconceited: (Msb:) and he walked with a proud, or haughty, and self-conceited, gait: (MA, KL:) said of a man, and of a horse: (Msb:) and ↓ taxaAyulN signifies the behaving, or carrying oneself, with pride, or haughtiness, combined with slowness. (JK.) You say of a horse, yaxotaAlu fiY mi$oyatihi [He is proud and self-conceited in his gait]. (TA.) ― -b2- AxtAlt AlA^aroDu: see 4. He looked at the cloud and thought it to be raining. (TA. [See also 4, last sentence but two.]) i. q. Zan~N and tawah~umN [meaning Thought, or opinion: and surmise, or fancy: though tawah~umN is often explained as syn. with Zan~N]: (K:) an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (TA.) So in the saying, A^aSaAba fihi xaAliY [My thought or opinion, or surmise or fancy, was right respecting him, or it]. (TK.) ― -b2- I. q. ― -b3- maxiylapN, q. v., (K,) [accord. to the TA, which is followed in this instance, as usual, by the author of the TK, as meaning firaAsapN: but this is a mistake: for whY AlfrAsp, the explanation in the TA, we should read wahiYa mina AlfiraAsapi; as is shown by its being there immediately added that one says, fiyhi xaAlFA ↓ A^xaAla, explained in art. xwl; (see 4, and xaAlN, in that art.; and see also maxiylapN in the present art.;) and by what here follows:] AlxaAlN is syn. with AlmaxiylapN and Al$~iyapu. (JK.) ― -b4- For another sense in which it is syn. with maxiylapN see the latter word, below. ― -b5- A nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like; syn. xuluqN. (TA.) ― -b6- I. q. xuyalaA='u, q. v. (S, K *) -A2- A limping, or halting, or slight lameness, in a horse or similar beast: in this sense an inf. n. of xaAla. (JK, K. *) ― -b2- Gout; or gout in the foot or feet; syn. niqorisN. (TA.) -A3- Lightning: (K:) [app. as being a sign, or token, of coming rain.] ― -b2- Clouds; syn. gayomN: (S:) or clouds (gym) lightening: (JK, M, TA:) and also rising, and seeming to one to be raining; and the single cloud (saHaAbap) is termed ↓ muxiylapN: (JK:) or rising, and seeming to one to be raining, and then passing beyond one; but when having thunder, or lightning, therein, termed ↓ muxiylapN, though not when the rain has gone therefrom: (Har p. 36, from the 'Eyn:) or clouds (saHaAbN) raining: (T, TA:) or clouds (sHAb) that fail not to fulfil their promise of rain; (K, * TA;) and a cloud of this description is termed ↓ maxiylapN: (JK:) or in which is no rain, (K, TA,) though thought, when seen, to be raining. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A liberal, bountiful, or generous, man: (JK, T, M, K:) as being likened to the raining clouds, (T, TA,) or to the lightening clouds, (JK, M, TA,) which are so termed. (JK, T, M, TA.) ― -b4- A man in whom one sees an indication, or a sign, or token, of goodness. (K, TA.) ― -b5- Free from Alt~uhomap [as meaning what occasions suspicion]. (K.) ― -b6- A man who manages cattle, or camels &c., (K, TA,) and pastures them, (TA,) well: (K, TA:) or xaAlu maAlK one who manages cattle, &c., and watches them, well. (JK.) And One who keeps to a thing, (K, TA,) and manages, orders, or regulates, it. (TA.) A king who manages, orders, or regulates, the affairs of his subjects. (JK.) [See also xaAlN in art. xwl.] ― -b7- An owner of a thing: (K:) from xaAlahu, aor. yaxuwlu, meaning “ he managed it, ” &c. (TA.) You say, mano xaAlu h`*aA Alfarasi Who is the owner of this horse? (TA.) [See xaAlN in art. xwl.] ― -b8- See also muxotaAlN, in three places. ― -b9- A man free from an attachment of love. (K.) ― -b10- A man having no wife. (K.) ― -b11- A man weak in heart and body: (K:) but this is most probably [xaAl~N,] with teshdeed, from xal~a laHomuhu, meaning “ he became lean. ” (TA.) -A4- As meaning A maternal uncle, it is mentioned in art. xwl. (TA.) -A5- A mole, syn. $aAmapN, (K,) a black $Amp, (TA,) upon the person; (S, K, Msb, TA;) [a thing resembling] a pimple in the face, inclining to blackness; (JK, T, Mgh, TA;) or a small black spot upon the person: (TA:) dim. ↓ xuyayolN (JK, S) accord. to him who says maxiylN and maxoyuwlN [as meaning “ marked with many moles upon the person ”], (S,) and xuwayolN (JK, S, Msb) accord. to him who says maxuwlN, (S,) which shows it to be, in one dial., of the art. xwl [in which it is also mentioned]: (Msb:) pl. [of mult.] xiylaAnN (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] A^axiylapN. (Msb.) -A6- A garment, or cloth, of the garments, or cloths, of the juh~aAl [here meaning people of the Time of Ignorance]: (S:) a soft garment or cloth (JK, K, TA) of the garments or cloths of El-Yemen: (JK, TA:) and a [garment of the kind called] burod, of the fabric of El-Yemen, (K, TA,) red [or brown], with black lines or stripes, which used to be made in the first ages: but Az makes these two to be one: it has been mentioned before, in art. xwl, to which also it may belong. (TA.) ― -b2- A garment, or piece of cloth, with which a corpse is shrouded. (K.) ― -b3- The [kind of banner called] liwaA=' (JK, T, K) that is tied [to its spear-shaft] for a commander, (K,) or to denote one's having the authority of a prefect, commander, ruler, or the like: (T, TA:) [SM adds,] I do not think it to be so called for any other reason than that it was of the buruwd of the kind termed xaAlN. (TA.) [See also xaAlN in art. xwl.] ― -b4- The office of Khaleefeh; (K;) because belonging to one for whom a banner is tied [on the occasion of his appointment]. (TA.) -A7- A big mountain. (K.) ― -b2- And (as being likened thereto, TA) (assumed tropical:) A big camel: (JK, K:) pl. xiylaAnN: to such, a poet likens certain men, as resembling camels in their bodies and in their being devoid of intellect. (TA.) ― -b3- And A black stallion-camel. (IAar, K, * TA.) Mentioned also in art. xwl. (TA.) -A8- A place in which is no one, or no one by whose company one may be cheered. (K.) [Probably from xaAlK, part. n. of xalaA, aor. yaxoluw.] ― -b2- A small [hill such as is termed] A^akamap. (K.) -A9- The lijaAm [i. e. bit, or bit with its appertenances,] of a horse: (K:) app. a dial. var. of xawalN, q. v. (TA.) -A10- A certain plant, having a blossom, well known in Nejd. (K.) , formed by transposition from xaAy^ilN: see muxotaAlN. Horses, (JK, S, K,) collectively; (JK, K;) as some say, (Msb,) applied to Arabian horses and [such as are of inferior breed, termed] baraA*iyn; (Mgh, Msb;) the males thereof and the females: (Mgh, TA: *) but of the fem. gender: (Msb, TA:) a quasi-pl. n., (Mgh,) having no sing. (Msb, K) formed of the same radical letters: (Msb:) or the sing. is ↓ xaAy^ilN: (K:) so called because of their AixotiyaAl, (Msb, K, * TA, *) i. e. pride and self-conceit, (Msb,) in their gait: so says AO; but ISd says that this is not well known: (TA:) or because no one rides a horse without experiencing a feeling of pride: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl., (Msb, CK,) or pl. pl., (so in copies of the K and in the TA,) [of mult.,] xuyuwlN (S, * Msb, K) and xiyuwlN and [pl. of pauc.] A^axoyaAlN. (K.) And the dual form is used, [although xayolN has a pl. signification,] like as are [the duals A_ibilaAni and ganamaAni and] liqaAHaAni and jimaAlaAni. (ISd, TA.) One says, fulaAnN laAtusaAyaru xayolaAhu, or laAtuwaAqafu, (K, TA,) and laAtusaAyaru xayolaAhu walaA tuwaAqafu, (TA, and so in the CK,) [Such a one, his two troops of horses will not be competed with in going, or running, nor in standing still,] meaning (tropical:) he is not to be endured in respect of calumny and lying: (K, TA:) it is said of a great, or frequent, liar. (TA in art. syr.) And Alxayolu A^aEolamu mino furosaAnihaA [The horses are more knowing than their riders]; (Meyd, K;) a prov., (Meyd,) applied in relation to him of whom thou formest an opinion (Meyd, K, TA) that he possesses, or possesses not, what suffices, (TA,) and whom thou findest to be as thou thoughtest, (Meyd, K, TA,) or the contrary. (Meyd.) And Alxayolu A^aEolamu bafurosaAnihaA [The horses are possessed of most knowledge of their riders]; a prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) seek thou aid of him who knows the case, or affair. (Meyd.) And Alxayolu tajoriY EalaY masaAwiyhaA, another prov. [explained in art. swA^]. (Meyd.) ― -b2- Also Horsemen, or riders on horses. (S, Msb, K.) Thus in the Kur [xvii. 66], waA^ajolibo Ealayohimo bixayolika wa rajolika. (S. [See 1 in art. jlb.]) -A2- See also xuyalaA='u. : see xuyalaA='u. : see xuyalaA='u. : see xuyalaA='u. : see xuyalaA='u. An equerry; one who has the superintendence of horses. (TA.) (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ xiyalaA='u (S, Sgh, TA) and ↓ xaAlN (S, K) and ↓ xayolN, (K, TA,) or ↓ xayalN, (CK,) and ↓ xayolapN, (K, TA,) or ↓ xayalapN, (CK,) or ↓ xiylapN, (JK,) and ↓ maxiylapN (S, K) and ↓ A^axoyalu, (Lth, JK, K,) [of all which the first is the most common,] Pride (S, Msb, K) and self-conceit; (Msb;) [or vanity; i. e.] pride arising from some fancied, or imaginary, excellence in oneself. (TA.) One says, huwa *uw xuyalaA='a &c. He is possessed of pride [and self-conceit, or vanity]. (S.) : see what next precedes. primarily signifies An incorporeal form or image; such as that which is imaged in sleep, and in the mirror, and in the heart or mind: then applied to the form of anything imaged; and to any subtile thing of a similar kind: (Er-Rághib, TA:) anything that one sees like a shadow: and the image of a man in a mirror, (T, Msb, TA,) and in water, (Msb,) and in sleep: (T, TA:) and a thing that sometimes passes by one, resembling a shadow: (T, Msb, TA:) xayaAlN and ↓ xayaAlapN both signify the same; (JK, S, K;) i. e. i. q. TayofN [meaning an apparition; a phantom; a spectre; a fancied image; an imaginary form; and particularly a form that is seen in sleep]; (S, TA;) anything that one sees like a shadow [as the former word is explained above]; and a thing that is seen in sleep; (JK;) a form that is imaged to one in the mind when awake, and when dreaming: (K:) the former word is both masc. and fem.: (Ham p. 316:) pl. A^axiylapN (K) [a pl. of pauc.; and probably xiylaAnN also, as a pl. of mult., mentioned as one of the pls. of xayaAlN in another sense, below]. You say, taxay~ala liY xayaAluhu [His apparition, or phantom, &c., became imaged to me in my mind]. (Msb, TA.) And a poet says, (S,) namely, El-Bohturee, (TA,) falasotu binaAzilK A_il~aA A^alam~ato Alka*uwbu ↓ biraHoliY A^awo xayaAlatuhaA [And I do not alight but she visits my abode, or her false apparition]. (S.) ― -b2- [In philosophy it signifies] A faculty that retains what the fancy perceives of the forms of objects of sense after the substance has become absent, so that the fancy beholds them whenever it turns towards them: thus it is the store-house of the fancy: its place is the hinder part of the first venter of [the three which are comprised by] the brain. (KT. [In this sense, it is incorrectly written in Freytag's Lex. (in which only the Arabic words of the explanation are given, preceded by the rendering “ phantasia, ”) xiyAlN.]) ― -b3- The xayaAl of a bird is The shadow of himself which a bird sees when rising into the sky; whereupon he pounces down upon it, thinking it to be a prey, and finds it to be nothing: he is [the bird] called xaATifu Zil~ihi. (TA.) ― -b4- xayaAlN and ↓ xayaAlapN signify also The person, or body, or corporeal form or figure which one sees from a distance, syn. $axoSN, (S, K,) of a man; and his aspect. (K.) ― -b5- And the former also signifies A piece of wood with black garments upon it, (S,) or with a black [garment of the kind called] kisaA=' upon it, (K,) which is set up to make the beasts and birds fancy it to be a man: (S, K:) or a piece of wood with a garment thrown upon it, which is set up for the sake of the sheep or goats, in order that the wolf, seeing it, may think it to be a man: (T, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] A^axiylapN (Ks, TA) and [of mult.] xiylaAnN. (TA.) A poet says, A^axiY laA A^axaA liY gayoruhu gayora A^an~aniY karaAEiY xayaAlK yasotaTiyfu bilaAfikori (S, TA) [cited by J as an ex. of xyAl in the former of the senses explained in the sentence immediately preceding: but the meaning seems to be, My brother: I have no brother but he: but I am like one watching an image dressed up to decoy; going round about without reflection: for,] as some say, (TA,) raAEiY AlxayaAli means the young ostrich for which the sportsman sets up a xayaAl [i. e. an image dressed up to decoy], (JK, TA,) in order that it may become familiar therewith, and the sportsman may then take it, and the young ostrich may follow him. (TA.) ― -b6- Also A thing that is set up in land in order that it may be known to be prohibited to the public, and may not be approached. (T, Msb.) -A2- And A certain plant. (K.) : see xaAlN, of which it is a diminutive. : see xayaAlN, in three places. [ Of, or relating to, the fancy: a rel. n. from xayaAlN.] Owners, or attendants, of horses. (JK, S.) [In modern Arabic, Horsemen; and a troop of horsemen.] [act. part. n. of 1]: see muxotaAlN, in two places: ― -b2- and see xayolN, first sentence. ― -b3- Applied to a horse, Limping, halting, or slightly lame. (JK, TA.) [ More, and most, proud and self-conceited. (See also A^axowalu, in art. xwl.) Occurring in several provs.; as, for ex.,] A^axoyalu mino guraAbK [More proud and self-conceited than a crow]: because the grAb is proud and self-conceited in its gait. (Meyd.) -A2- See also xayalaA='u. -A3- Also Having a xaAl, meaning [a thing resembling] a pimple, inclining to blackness, [i. e. a mole,] upon his face: (Mgh:) or, as also ↓ maxiylN and ↓ maxoyuwlN (S, Msb, K) and maxuwlN, like maquwlN, (S, Msb,) this last belonging to art. xwl, as xaAlN, whence it is derived, does in one dial., (Msb,) A man (S, Msb) having [or marked with] many xiylaAn [or moles upon his person]: (S, Msb, K: *) fem. [of the first] xayolaA='u. (K.) -A4- AlA^axayolu, (S, Msb, K,) when indeterminate, [A^axayolN or A^axayolu,] perfectly decl., [thus] used as a subst., but some make it imperfectly decl. both when determinate and when indeterminate, and assert it to be originally an epithet, from Alt~axay~ulu, (S, O,) [though accord. to others it seems to be from A^axoyalu as meaning “ having many moles, ”] A certain bird, (JK, S, Msb, K,) regarded as of evil omen, (JK, S, K,) that alights upon the rump of the camel, and is app. for that reason held to be of evil omen; (TA; [see maxoyuwlN;]) [applied in the present day to the green wood-pecker, picus viridis;] the Surad [q. v.]: (K:) or the green Surad: (TA:) or the $iqir~aAq [a name likewise now applied to the green wood-pecker, and to the common roller, coracias garrula]: (Fr, S, Msb, K:) so called because upon its wings are colours differing from its general colour: (Skr, TA:) or so called because diversified with black and white: (K:) or the $aAhiyn [q. v., a species of falcon]: (JK, TA, and Ham p. 705:) pl. A^axaAyilu, (JK, T, S, Msb, TA, and Ham ubi suprà,) or xiylN. (K.) : see muxotaAlN, in two places. : see its fem., with p, in the next following paragraph, in three places: -A2- and see also A^axoyalu. A thing dubious, confused, or vague. (TA.) ― -b2- Exhibiting a xayaAli [or fancied image, or rather a xaAl or maxiylap, i. e. an indication, &c., (see 4,) of anything, as, for instance,] of good [and of evil]. (TA.) You say $aYo'N muxiylN A_ilaYAlxayori, and Almakoruwhi, A thing exhibiting an indication, or indications, of good, and of evil, or what is disliked or hated. (Msb.) Hence, (TA,) huwa muxiylN liloxayori, (S, TA,) said of a man, (S,) He is adapted or disposed by nature to good [i. e. to be, or to do, or to effect, or to produce, what is good]. (S, TA. [See also maxiylN in art. xwl.]) And saHaAbapN muxiylapN (JK, Msb, K) and ↓ muxay~ilapN (K, TA, in the CK muxay~alapN) and ↓ muxay~ilN and ↓ muxotaAlapN (K) and mxAylp [i. e. ↓ muxaAyilapN] (Har p. 36) and ↓ maxiylapN (Msb [but see what follows]) A cloud thought [or expected] to rain, (JK, Msb, K, TA, and Har ubi suprà,) when seen, (TA, and Har,) because showing signs of rain: muxiylapN, with damm, being an act. part. n., as meaning causing to think; and ↓ maxiylapN, with fet-h, being a pass. part. n., as meaning thought: and in like manner, accord. to Az, samaA='N muxiylapN and ↓ maxiylapN, meaning a clouded sky: (Msb:) or you say ↓ maxiylapN, with fet-h, when [you use the subst.] meaning a cloud itself [showing signs of rain]; and its pl. is maxaAyilu: (T, TA: see xaAlN, in the former half of the paragraph:) and saHaAbapN muxiylapN lilomaTari a cloud giving hope of rain. (S.) See also xaAlN, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. You say also, Als~amaA='u muxiylapN lilomaTari, meaning The sky is ready to rain. (Har p. 36.) ― -b3- AimoraA^apN muxiylapN A woman having no husband. (JK.) as fem. of the pass. part. n. maxiylN: see muxiylN, in three places. ― -b2- As a subst.: see, again, muxiylN. And see xaAlN, mentioned a second time in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b3- Hence, A great banner or ensign; as likened to a cloud that fails not to fulfil its promise of rain. (JK.) ― -b4- Also An indication; a symptom; a sign, mark, or token, by which the existence of a thing is known or inferred; syn. $iyapN (JK) and maZin~apN; (TA;) and so ↓ xaAlN, q. v.: (JK:) pl. of the former maxaAyilu: originally used in relation to a cloud in which rain is thought to be. (TA.) You say, Zaharato fiyhi maxaAyilu Aln~ajaAbapi, i. e. The indications &c. [of generosity, or nobility, appeared in him]. (TA.) ― -b5- You say also, of a cloud (saHaAbap), maA A^aHosana maxiylatahaA and ↓ xaAlahaA How good is its [apparent] disposition to rain! (S, TA.) ― -b6- See also xuyalaA='u. [A thing imaged to one by the mind or by a case; or fancied]. You say, fulaAnN yamoDiY EalaY Almuxay~ali; explained above: see 2. (JK, S.) And waqaEa fiY muxay~alaY ka*aA [Such a thing occurred in what was imagined, or fancied, by me], and fiYmuxay~alaAtiY [among the things imagined, or fancied, by me]. (TA.) ; and its fem., with p: see muxiylN. : see A^axoyalu. -A2- Also A camel lacerated in his rump by a bird of the kind called A^axoyal that has alighted upon it. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (assumed tropical:) A man whose reason has fled in consequence of fright: a sense in which it is used by the vulgar; but correct. (TA.) : see muxiylN. and ↓ xaAy^ilN (S, K) and ↓ xaAlN and ↓ xaAlK, which is formed by transposition, (K,) and ↓ A^uxaAyilN, (S, K,) like A^udaAbirN and A^ubaAtirN, (S,) which are [said to be] the only other epithets of this measure, (TA,) [i. e. of the measure A^ufaAEilN, though there are many of the measure fuEaAlilN,] applied to a man, Proud (S, K, TA) and self-conceited: [or vain:] (TA in explanation of all, and K in explanation of xaAlN:] or ↓ xaAlN signifies having much xuyalaA=' [or pride and self-conceit, or vanity]: and ↓ A^uxaAyilN one who walks with a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of his body from side to side: (JK:) ↓ xaAy^ilN has for its pl. xaAlapN; (S, TA;) which is also fem. of ↓ xaAlN. (TA.) ― -b2- See also muxiylN. (assumed tropical:) Land having its plants, or herbage, in a state of full maturity, and in blossom; (JK, S;) as also ↓ mutaxaAyilapN. (S.) : see what next precedes. xym as syn. with xay~ama: see the latter. ― -b2- xaAma Eanohu, aor. yaxiymu, (JK, S, K,) inf. n. xayomuwmapN (S) and xayomN and xayamaAnN and xuyuwmN and xuywmapN and xiyaAmN, (K, the last but one omitted in the CK,) He held back, or refrained, from him, or it, through cowardice, (JK, S, K,) and fear: (JK, K:) i. e., from war, (JK,) or from encounter, or conflict. (Ham p. 164.) And one says also, xaAmuwA fiY AlqitaAli They held back, or refrained, through cowardice, in fight, and attained no good: and the poet Junádeh Ibn-'Ámir El-Hudhalee says, xAm AlqitaAla for xAm fiY AlqitaAli. (TA.) ― -b3- And xAm also signifies He drew back, (JK, K, *) through cowardice and fear, (JK,) from a stratagem, or plot, after he had devised it, (JK, K, *) not seeing in it what he liked, or approved. (TA.) -A2- xAm rijolahu, (S, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. xayomN, (S,) He raised his leg, or foot. (S, K.) , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. taxoyiymN, (TA,) [originally] He pitched his tent; (TA in art. rfD;) [like txy~m: and hence, ― -b2- ] He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in a place; (S, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ xAm, aor. yaxiymu: whence, in a trad., lahu Alr~ijaAlu qiyaAmFA ↓ mano A^aHab~a A^ano yasotaxiyma [Whoso loveth that men should remain before him standing]; as some relate it; but others relate it differently, saying yasotaxim~a, and yasotajim~a, as mentioned before [in arts. xm and jm]. (TA.) He alighted, or descended and stopped or sojourned or abode, in a place; as also xay~afa. (JK in art. xyf.) And xy~m AlwaHo$iY~u fiY kinaAsihi The wild animal remained in his covert, not quitting it. (TA.) And xay~amati Alr~aAy^iHapu, (TA,) or Alr~iyHu AlT~ay~ibapu, (JK,) (tropical:) The odour, or sweet odour, remained; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ txmy~t; (K, TA;) in a garment, (JK, K, TA,) and in a place. (TA.) ― -b3- xay~amuwA They entered into a xayomap [q. v.]. (JK, K.) -A2- xy~mhu He made it like a xayomap. (S, TA.) ― -b2- See also 4. ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) He covered it with a thing in order that its odour might cling to it. (K, TA.) , [inf. n. of A^axaAma,] in the phrase A_ixaAmap Alfarasi, (K, TA,) which signifies The horse's standing upon three legs and the extremity of the hoof of the fourth, (TA,) or raising one of his fore legs or one of his hind legs, (JK,) belongs to the present art. and to art. xwm. (K, TA.) Accord. to Fr and IAar, yuxiymu fiYA_iHodaY rijolayohi, inf. n. as above, signifies He (a man, or a beast,) is unable to place one of his legs, or feet, firmly upon the ground, and to rest upon it, by reason of a fault therein. (L, TA.) -A2- A^axaAma xayomapF, and A^axoymahaA, He constructed a xayomap; (IAar, K;) as also ↓ xay~amahaA. (TA.) , (S,) or txy~m hunaA, (K,) [like xy~m,] He pitched, or fixed, his xayomap [in such a place, or here]. (S, K.) ― -b2- See also 2. see 2. A skin, or hide, untanned: or not tanned much, or thoroughly: and a kirobaAs [or coarse garment or piece of cloth, or garment or piece of cloth of white cotton,] unwashed: (K:) a Persian word, (TA,) arabicized. (K.) Unbleached cloth. (Msb, in art. xwm.) Paper that is polished, [app. a mistake for not polished,] or to be polished. (TA.) [Crude, or raw; applied in this sense to silk, contr. of maTobuwxN; and to sugar, &c.: anything unprepared for use.] Honey of dates (dibos) untouched by fire: (AHn, T:) which is the best thereof. (TA.) -A2- See also xaAmap. : see xayomapN, in three places. Natural, or innate, dispositions or tempers or the like: (A 'Obeyd, S, M, K:) a Persian word, arabicized: (TA:) having no sing. (S, K) of its own radical letters: (S:) or largeness, or liberality, of disposition: (JK, TA:) and the original, or primary, state, or condition, syn. A^aSol, of the soul, or mind. (TA.) You say, huwa kariymu Alxiymi [He is generous in respect of natural dispositions &c.]. (TA.) ― -b2- The diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain, syn. firinod, of a sword. (K.) ― -b3- And I. q. HamoDN [app. meaning the kind of plants called HamoD]. (TA.) belongs to the present art., and J has erred, (K,) in mentioning it in art. xwm: (TA:) [but why this is said, I know not; nor do the commentators on this passage, as is observed in the TA, give any explanation of it worthy of notice:] it signifies A fresh, or juicy, plant: (S, Msb: both in art. xwm:) or an ear of corn: (IAar, TA:) or a shoot of seed-produce when it first grows forth upon a single stalk: (JK:) or xaAmapu Alz~aroE signifies what grows forth, of seedproduce, upon a single stalk: (M, K: *) or the fresh, or juicy, bunch thereof: or the fresh, or juicy, plant thereof: (M, K:) pl. xaAmaAtN (Msb) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ xaAmN. (Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad., mavalu Almuw^omini mavalu AlxaAmapi mina Alz~aroEi tumiyluhaA Alr~iyHu mar~apF h`ka*aA wamar~apF h`ka*aA [The similitude of the believer is that of the fresh, or juicy, plant of seed-produce, &c., which the wind bends, at one time thus, and at one time thus]: (S, TA: *) but Fr related it differently, saying AlHAfp, [app. a mistranscription for AlxaAfap, which see in art. xwf,] and explained this as meaning “ the bunch ” of seed-produce. (TA.) , (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) with which ↓ xayomN is syn., (S, Msb,) [though said by some to be a pl., as will be seen below,] A bayot [here meaning booth, or the like,] (S, Msb, K,) of any kind (K) such as is built, or constructed, (S, Msb, K,) by the Arabs, (S, Msb,) of the branches of trees: (S, Msb, K:) so says As, holding that the xymp is only of trees, and that otherwise it is called bayotN [q. v.]: but others hold that it is [a tent; i. e.] made with pieces of cloth and tent-ropes; because taxoyiymN signifies the “ remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding; ” wherefore it is thus called, as being used on the occasion of alighting: (IB, TA:) this latter is the meaning commonly known; but accord. to the saying of As, it is tropical: (TA:) or, accord. to IAar, it is applied by the Arabs only to a construction of four poles roofed over with vumaAm [or panic grass]; and is not of cloths; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) the miZal~ap, he says, being of cloths and of other things: or i. q. miZal~ap: (TA:) accord. to AHát, the same as the Persian xaro Pu$otaho [lit. “ ass's back; ” like the French “ dos d'âne; ” meaning a high-pitched span-roof]: (Mgh:) or any round bayot [which may here mean either booth or tent]: or three poles, or four, over which is laid vumaAm; by means of which one is shaded in the heat: (K:) or poles set up, with rafters laid across, covered with trees; so that it is cooler than are A^axobiyap [pl. of xibaA=']: or poles upon which xiyaAm [pl. of xayomN] are constructed: or a construction of trees and palmbranches with their leaves upon them, which a man uses for shade when he brings his camels to water: and applied by the Arabs to a bayot [or tent &c.], and a place of abode [in an absolute sense]: (TA:) the pl. of xayomapN is xayomaAtN and xiyamN (S, Msb, K) and ↓ xayomN, (K,) or this last is [a coll. gen. n., or] syn. with xayomapN, (S, Msb,) and xiyaAmN, (K,) or this is pl. of ↓ xayomN, (S, Msb,) and is applied also to (tropical:) [women's vehicles of the kind called] hawaAdij; these being likened to xiyaAm [properly so termed]. (TA.) It is said in a trad., Al$~ahiydu fiY xayomapi A@ll~`hi taHota AlEaro$i (assumed tropical:) [The martyr is in the tabernacle of God, beneath the empyrean: this signification of xymp being perhaps taken from the phrase ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ θεοῦ in Rev. xxi. 3]. (TA.) (K, TA) A preparer of skins, or hides, of the kind termed xaAmN. (TA.) : see what next follows. and ↓ xiyamiY~N One who applies himself to the fabrication of the [kind of tent, or booth, called] xayomap. (TA.) , like makiylN, (in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, like mikotalN, TA, [in the CK like mikoyalN,]) A collection of bundles, or handfuls, (juraz, [in the CK jizar,] of reaped seed-produce. (K, TA.) xyw [ rel. n. of xA: see xaAy^iY~N, in art. xwA^.]