{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# 使用 Anaconda" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "[Anaconda](http://www.continuum.io/downloads)是一个很好用的Python IDE，它集成了很多科学计算需要使用的**python**第三方工具包。" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## conda 的使用 " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "根据自己的操作系统安装好[Anaconda](http://www.continuum.io/downloads)后，在命令行下输入：\n", "\n", " conda list\n", "\n", "可以看已经安装好的**python**第三方工具包，这里我们使用 `magic` 命令 `%%cmd` 在 `ipython cell` 中来执行这个命令：" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "# packages in environment at C:\\Anaconda:\n", "#\n", "_license 1.1 py27_0 \n", "alabaster 0.7.3 py27_0 \n", "anaconda 2.3.0 np19py27_0 \n", "argcomplete 0.8.9 py27_0 \n", "astropy 1.0.3 np19py27_0 \n", "babel 1.3 py27_0 \n", "backports.ssl-match-hostname 3.4.0.2 \n", "basemap 1.0.7 np19py27_0 \n", "bcolz 0.9.0 np19py27_0 \n", "beautiful-soup 4.3.2 py27_1 \n", "beautifulsoup4 4.3.2 \n", "binstar 0.11.0 py27_0 \n", "bitarray 0.8.1 py27_1 \n", "blaze 0.8.0 \n", "blaze-core 0.8.0 np19py27_0 \n", "blz 0.6.2 np19py27_1 \n", "bokeh 0.9.0 np19py27_0 \n", "boto 2.38.0 py27_0 \n", "bottleneck 1.0.0 np19py27_0 \n", "cartopy 0.13.0 np19py27_0 \n", "cdecimal 2.3 py27_1 \n", "certifi 14.05.14 py27_0 \n", "cffi 1.1.0 py27_0 \n", "clyent 0.3.4 py27_0 \n", "colorama 0.3.3 py27_0 \n", "conda 3.17.0 py27_0 \n", "conda-build 1.14.1 py27_0 \n", "conda-env 2.4.2 py27_0 \n", "configobj 5.0.6 py27_0 \n", "cryptography 0.9.1 py27_0 \n", "cython 0.22.1 py27_0 \n", "cytoolz 0.7.3 py27_0 \n", "datashape 0.4.5 np19py27_0 \n", "decorator 3.4.2 py27_0 \n", "docutils 0.12 py27_1 \n", "dynd-python 0.6.5 np19py27_0 \n", "enum34 1.0.4 py27_0 \n", "fastcache 1.0.2 py27_0 \n", "flask 0.10.1 py27_1 \n", "funcsigs 0.4 py27_0 \n", "geopy 1.11.0 \n", "geos 3.4.2 3 \n", "gevent 1.0.1 py27_0 \n", "gevent-websocket 0.9.3 py27_0 \n", "greenlet 0.4.7 py27_0 \n", "grin 1.2.1 py27_2 \n", "h5py 2.5.0 np19py27_1 \n", "hdf5 1.8.15.1 2 \n", "idna 2.0 py27_0 \n", "ipaddress 1.0.7 py27_0 \n", "ipython 3.2.0 py27_0 \n", "ipython-notebook 3.2.0 py27_0 \n", "ipython-qtconsole 3.2.0 py27_0 \n", "itsdangerous 0.24 py27_0 \n", "jdcal 1.0 py27_0 \n", "jedi 0.8.1 py27_0 \n", "jinja2 2.7.3 py27_2 \n", "jsonschema 2.4.0 py27_0 \n", "launcher 1.0.0 1 \n", "libpython 1.0 py27_1 \n", "llvmlite 0.5.0 py27_0 \n", "lxml 3.4.4 py27_0 \n", "markupsafe 0.23 py27_0 \n", "matplotlib 1.4.3 np19py27_1 \n", "menuinst 1.0.4 py27_0 \n", "mingw 4.7 1 \n", "mistune 0.5.1 py27_1 \n", "mock 1.3.0 py27_0 \n", "multipledispatch 0.4.7 py27_0 \n", "networkx 1.9.1 py27_0 \n", "nltk 3.0.3 np19py27_0 \n", "node-webkit 0.10.1 0 \n", "nose 1.3.7 py27_0 \n", "numba 0.19.1 np19py27_0 \n", "numexpr 2.4.3 np19py27_0 \n", "numpy 1.9.2 py27_0 \n", "odo 0.3.2 np19py27_0 \n", "openpyxl 1.8.5 py27_0 \n", "owslib 0.9.0 py27_0 \n", "pandas 0.16.2 np19py27_0 \n", "patsy 0.3.0 np19py27_0 \n", "pbr 1.3.0 py27_0 \n", "pep8 1.6.2 py27_0 \n", "pillow 2.9.0 py27_0 \n", "pip 7.1.2 py27_0 \n", "ply 3.6 py27_0 \n", "proj4 4.9.1 py27_1 \n", "psutil 2.2.1 py27_0 \n", "py 1.4.27 py27_0 \n", "pyasn1 0.1.7 py27_0 \n", "pycosat 0.6.1 py27_0 \n", "pycparser 2.14 py27_0 \n", "pycrypto 2.6.1 py27_3 \n", "pyepsg 0.2.0 py27_0 \n", "pyflakes 0.9.2 py27_0 \n", "pygments 2.0.2 py27_0 \n", "pyopenssl 0.15.1 py27_1 \n", "pyparsing 2.0.3 py27_0 \n", "pyqt 4.10.4 py27_1 \n", "pyreadline 2.0 py27_0 \n", "pyshp 1.2.1 py27_0 \n", "pytables 3.2.0 np19py27_0 \n", "pytest 2.7.1 py27_0 \n", "python 2.7.10 0 \n", "python-dateutil 2.4.2 py27_0 \n", "pytz 2015.4 py27_0 \n", "pywin32 219 py27_0 \n", "pyyaml 3.11 py27_2 \n", "pyzmq 14.7.0 py27_0 \n", "requests 2.7.0 py27_0 \n", "rope 0.9.4 py27_1 \n", "runipy 0.1.3 py27_0 \n", "scikit-image 0.11.3 np19py27_0 \n", "scikit-learn 0.16.1 np19py27_0 \n", "scipy 0.16.0 np19py27_0 \n", "setuptools 18.1 py27_0 \n", "shapely 1.5.11 nppy27_0 \n", "six 1.9.0 py27_0 \n", "snowballstemmer 1.2.0 py27_0 \n", "sockjs-tornado 1.0.1 py27_0 \n", "sphinx 1.3.1 py27_0 \n", "sphinx-rtd-theme 0.1.7 \n", "sphinx_rtd_theme 0.1.7 py27_0 \n", "spyder 2.3.5.2 py27_0 \n", "spyder-app 2.3.5.2 py27_0 \n", "sqlalchemy 1.0.5 py27_0 \n", "ssl_match_hostname 3.4.0.2 py27_0 \n", "statsmodels 0.6.1 np19py27_0 \n", "sympy 0.7.6 py27_0 \n", "tables 3.2.0 \n", "theano 0.7.0 \n", "toolz 0.7.2 py27_0 \n", "tornado 4.2 py27_0 \n", "ujson 1.33 py27_0 \n", "unicodecsv 0.9.4 py27_0 \n", "werkzeug 0.10.4 py27_0 \n", "wheel 0.24.0 py27_0 \n", "xlrd 0.9.3 py27_0 \n", "xlsxwriter 0.7.3 py27_0 \n", "xlwings 0.3.5 py27_0 \n", "xlwt 1.0.0 py27_0 \n", "zlib 1.2.8 0 \n" ] } ], "source": [ "!conda list" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "第一次安装好 [Anaconda](http://www.continuum.io/downloads) 以后，可以在命令行输入以下命令使 [Anaconda](http://www.continuum.io/downloads) 保持最新：\n", "\n", " conda update conda\n", " conda update anaconda\n", "\n", "conda 是一种很强大的工具，具体用法可以参照它的[文档](http://conda.pydata.org/docs/)。\n", "\n", "也可以参考它的 [cheat sheet](http://conda.pydata.org/docs/_downloads/conda-cheatsheet.pdf) 来快速查看它的用法。\n", "\n", "可以使用它来安装，更新，卸载第三方的 **python** 工具包：\n", "\n", " conda install \n", " conda update \n", " conda remove \n", "\n", "在安装或更新时可以指定安装的版本号，例如需要使用 `numpy 1.8.1`：\n", "\n", " conda install numpy=1.8.1\n", " conda update numpy=1.8.1\n", "\n", "查看 `conda` 的信息：\n", "\n", " conda info" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Current conda install:\n", "\n", " platform : win-64\n", " conda version : 3.17.0\n", " conda-build version : 1.14.1\n", " python version : 2.7.10.final.0\n", " requests version : 2.7.0\n", " root environment : C:\\Anaconda (writable)\n", " default environment : C:\\Anaconda\n", " envs directories : C:\\Anaconda\\envs\n", " package cache : C:\\Anaconda\\pkgs\n", " channel URLs : https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/free/win-64/\n", " https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/free/noarch/\n", " https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/pro/win-64/\n", " https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/pro/noarch/\n", " config file : None\n", " is foreign system : False\n", "\n" ] } ], "source": [ "!conda info" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "一个很棒的功能是 `conda` 可以产生一个自定义的环境，假设在安装的是 **Python 2.7** 的情况下，想使用 **Python 3.4**，只需要在命令行下使用 `conda` 产生一个新的环境：\n", "\n", " conda create -n py34 python=3.4\n", "\n", "这里这个环境被命名为 `py34` ，可以根据喜好将 `py34` 改成其他的名字。\n", "\n", "使用这个环境时，只需要命令行下输入：\n", "\n", "``` python\n", "activate py34 #(windows)\n", "source activate py34 #(linux, mac)\n", "```\n", "\n", "此时，我们的 **Python** 版本便是 **`python 3.4`**了。" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## spyder 编辑器" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "`Anaconda` 默认使用的编辑器是 `spyder`，可以在命令行下输入：\n", "\n", " spyder\n", "\n", "来进入这个编辑器，具体使用方法不做介绍。" ] } ], 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