{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Kiểm thử chương trình\n",
    "\n",
    "## Thông báo lỗi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "IndexError",
     "evalue": "list index out of range",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mIndexError\u001b[0m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-23-e05c7705baba>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtest\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mtest\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mIndexError\u001b[0m: list index out of range"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "test[4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'list'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-24-9411534eab2d>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mtest\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'list'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "int(test)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "NameError",
     "evalue": "name 'a' is not defined",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-25-3f786850e387>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'a' is not defined"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "unsupported operand type(s) for /: 'str' and 'int'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-26-9d0caf584989>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;34m'3'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unsupported operand type(s) for /: 'str' and 'int'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'3'/4"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "SyntaxError",
     "evalue": "invalid syntax (<ipython-input-28-2faa178a2771>, line 2)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;36m  File \u001b[0;32m\"<ipython-input-28-2faa178a2771>\"\u001b[0;36m, line \u001b[0;32m2\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    print(a)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m        ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m invalid syntax\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = len([1, 2, 3]\n",
    "print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Ví dụ"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def isPal(x):\n",
    "    assert type(x) == list\n",
    "    temp = x\n",
    "    temp.reverse\n",
    "    if temp == x:\n",
    "        return True\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "\n",
    "def silly(n):\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        result = []\n",
    "        elem = input('Enter element: ')\n",
    "        result.append(elem)\n",
    "    if isPal(result):\n",
    "        print('Yes')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('No')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "Enter element: c\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: p\n",
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: l\n",
      "Enter element: i\n",
      "Enter element: n\n",
      "Enter element: n\n",
      "Enter element: i\n",
      "Enter element: l\n",
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: p\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def isPal(x):\n",
    "    assert type(x) == list\n",
    "    temp = x\n",
    "    temp.reverse\n",
    "    if temp == x:\n",
    "        return True\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "\n",
    "def silly(n):\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        result = []\n",
    "        elem = input('Enter element: ')\n",
    "        result.append(elem)\n",
    "    print(result)\n",
    "    if isPal(result):\n",
    "        print('Yes')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('No')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "['b']\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def isPal(x):\n",
    "    assert type(x) == list\n",
    "    temp = x\n",
    "    temp.reverse\n",
    "    if temp == x:\n",
    "        return True\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "\n",
    "def silly(n):\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        result = []\n",
    "        elem = input('Enter element: ')\n",
    "        result.append(elem)\n",
    "        print(result)\n",
    "    if isPal(result):\n",
    "        print('Yes')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('No')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "['a']\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "['b']\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def isPal(x):\n",
    "    assert type(x) == list\n",
    "    temp = x\n",
    "    temp.reverse\n",
    "    if temp == x:\n",
    "        return True\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "\n",
    "def silly(n):\n",
    "    result = []\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        elem = input('Enter element: ')\n",
    "        result.append(elem)\n",
    "        print(result)\n",
    "    if isPal(result):\n",
    "        print('Yes')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('No')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "['a']\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "['a', 'b']\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def isPal(x):\n",
    "    assert type(x) == list\n",
    "    temp = x\n",
    "    temp.reverse\n",
    "    print(temp, x)\n",
    "    if temp == x:\n",
    "        return True\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "\n",
    "def silly(n):\n",
    "    result = []\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        elem = input('Enter element: ')\n",
    "        result.append(elem)\n",
    "    if isPal(result):\n",
    "        print('Yes')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('No')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "['a', 'b'] ['a', 'b']\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def isPal(x):\n",
    "    assert type(x) == list\n",
    "    temp = x\n",
    "    print('before reverse', temp, x)\n",
    "    temp.reverse\n",
    "    print('after reverse', temp, x)\n",
    "    if temp == x:\n",
    "        return True\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "\n",
    "def silly(n):\n",
    "    result = []\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        elem = input('Enter element: ')\n",
    "        result.append(elem)\n",
    "    if isPal(result):\n",
    "        print('Yes')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('No')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "before reverse ['a', 'b'] ['a', 'b']\n",
      "after reverse ['a', 'b'] ['a', 'b']\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def isPal(x):\n",
    "    assert type(x) == list\n",
    "    temp = x\n",
    "    print('before reverse', temp, x)\n",
    "    temp.reverse()\n",
    "    print('after reverse', temp, x)\n",
    "    if temp == x:\n",
    "        return True\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "\n",
    "def silly(n):\n",
    "    result = []\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        elem = input('Enter element: ')\n",
    "        result.append(elem)\n",
    "    if isPal(result):\n",
    "        print('Yes')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('No')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "before reverse ['a', 'b'] ['a', 'b']\n",
      "after reverse ['b', 'a'] ['b', 'a']\n",
      "Yes\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def isPal(x):\n",
    "    assert type(x) == list\n",
    "    temp = x[:]\n",
    "    print(temp, x)\n",
    "    temp.reverse()\n",
    "    print(temp, x)\n",
    "    if temp == x:\n",
    "        return True\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "\n",
    "def silly(n):\n",
    "    result = []\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        elem = input('Enter element: ')\n",
    "        result.append(elem)\n",
    "    if isPal(result):\n",
    "        print('Yes')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('No')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter element: a\n",
      "Enter element: b\n",
      "['a', 'b'] ['a', 'b']\n",
      "['b', 'a'] ['a', 'b']\n",
      "No\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "silly(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- - -\n",
    "[Trước: Dictionary](http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/manleviet/introCSusingPython/blob/master/6%20-%20Dictionary.ipynb) | \n",
    "[Mục lục](http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/manleviet/introCSusingPython/blob/master/index.ipynb) | \n",
    "[Tiếp: Biệt lệ và xác nhận](http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/manleviet/introCSusingPython/blob/master/8%20-%20Bi%E1%BB%87t%20l%E1%BB%87%20v%C3%A0%20x%C3%A1c%20nh%E1%BA%ADn.ipynb)"
   ]
  }
 ],
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   "codemirror_mode": {
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