DigitRubber Ontology DigitRubber Ontology 01:06:2023 08:05 2023-06-01 example of usage A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> example of usage has curation status PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bill Bug PERSON:Melanie Courtot has curation status definition definition textual definition The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition definition textual definition alternative term An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent) PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> alternative term definition source Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 PERSON:Daniel Schober Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition source imported from For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> imported from ISA alternative term An alternative term used by the ISA tools project (http://isa-tools.org). Requested by Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3603413&group_id=177891&atid=886178 Person: Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra ISA tools project (http://isa-tools.org) ISA alternative term IEDB alternative term An alternative term used by the IEDB. PERSON:Randi Vita, Jason Greenbaum, Bjoern Peters IEDB IEDB alternative term An assertion that holds between an OWL Object Property and a temporal interpretation that elucidates how OWL Class Axioms that use this property are to be interpreted in a temporal context. temporal interpretation logical macro assertion on an annotation property relation p is the direct form of relation q iff p is a subPropertyOf q, p does not have the Transitive characteristic, q does have the Transitive characteristic, and for all x, y: x q y -> exists z1, z2, ..., zn such that x p z1 ... z2n y The general property hierarchy is: "directly P" SubPropertyOf "P" Transitive(P) Where we have an annotation assertion "directly P" "is direct form of" "P" If we have the annotation P is-direct-form-of Q, and we have inverses P' and Q', then it follows that P' is-direct-form-of Q' is direct form of If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R. is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive 2018-03-14T00:03:16Z is positive form of 2018-03-14T00:03:24Z is negative form of part-of is homeomorphic for independent continuants. R is homemorphic for C iff (1) there exists some x,y such that x R y, and x and y instantiate C and (2) for all x, if x is an instance of C, and there exists some y some such that x R y, then it follows that y is an instance of C. 2018-10-21T19:46:34Z R homeomorphic-for C expands to: C SubClassOf R only C. Additionally, for any class D that is disjoint with C, we can also expand to C DisjointWith R some D, D DisjointWith R some C. is homeomorphic for Examples of a Contributor include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Contributor should be used to indicate the entity. An entity responsible for making contributions to the content of the resource. Contributor Contributor Recommended best practice is to use RFC 3066 [RFC3066], which, in conjunction with ISO 639 [ISO639], defines two- and three-letter primary language tags with optional subtags. Examples include "en" or "eng" for English, "akk" for Akkadian, and "en-GB" for English used in the United Kingdom. A language of the intellectual content of the resource. Language Language description Mark Miller 2018-05-11T13:47:29Z license title has_alternative_id has_exact_synonym has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym in_subset is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a part and its whole Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/ Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'. part_of part of http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of has part my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) this year has part this day (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a whole and its part Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/ Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'. has_part has part realized in this disease is realized in this disease course this fragility is realized in this shattering this investigator role is realized in this investigation is realized by realized_in [copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realized in realizes this disease course realizes this disease this investigation realizes this investigator role this shattering realizes this fragility to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realizes preceded by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. is preceded by preceded_by http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by preceded by precedes x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. precedes This document is about information artifacts and their representations A (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity. 7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. Following discussion with Jonathan Rees, and introduction of "mentions" relation. Weaken the is_about relationship to be primitive. We will try to build it back up by elaborating the various subproperties that are more precisely defined. Some currently missing phenomena that should be considered "about" are predications - "The only person who knows the answer is sitting beside me" , Allegory, Satire, and other literary forms that can be topical without explicitly mentioning the topic. person:Alan Ruttenberg Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy is about has_specified_input has_specified_input see is_input_of example_of_usage The inverse property of is_specified_input_of 8/17/09: specified inputs of one process are not necessarily specified inputs of a larger process that it is part of. This is in contrast to how 'has participant' works. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Larry Hunter PERSON: Melanie Coutot has_specified_input is_specified_input_of some Autologous EBV(Epstein-Barr virus)-transformed B-LCL (B lymphocyte cell line) is_input_for instance of Chromum Release Assay described at https://wiki.cbil.upenn.edu/obiwiki/index.php/Chromium_Release_assay A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of. Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters is_specified_input_of has_specified_output has_specified_output The inverse property of is_specified_output_of PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Larry Hunter PERSON: Melanie Courtot has_specified_output is_specified_output_of is_specified_output_of A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of. Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters is_specified_output_of achieves_planned_objective A cell sorting process achieves the objective specification 'material separation objective' This relation obtains between a planned process and a objective specification when the criteria specified in the objective specification are met at the end of the planned process. BP, AR, PPPB branch PPPB branch derived modified according to email thread from 1/23/09 in accordince with DT and PPPB branch achieves_planned_objective objective_achieved_by This relation obtains between an objective specification and a planned process when the criteria specified in the objective specification are met at the end of the planned process. OBI OBI objective_achieved_by has value specification A relation between an information content entity and a value specification that specifies its value. PERSON: James A. Overton OBI has value specification inheres in this fragility inheres in this vase this fragility is a characteristic of this vase this red color inheres in this apple this red color is a characteristic of this apple a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence. a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists. inheres_in Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing. characteristic of inheres in bearer of this apple is bearer of this red color this vase is bearer of this fragility Inverse of characteristic_of a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. bearer_of is bearer of bearer of has characteristic participates in this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation this input material (or this output material) participates in this process this investigator participates in this investigation a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process participates_in participates in has participant this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot this investigation has participant this investigator this process has participant this input material (or this output material) a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time. has_participant http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has participant A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The journal article (a generically dependent continuant) is concretized as the quality (a specifically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant). An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process). A relationship between a generically dependent continuant and a specifically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. A generically dependent continuant may be concretized as multiple specifically dependent continuants. is concretized as A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The quality (a specifically dependent continuant) concretizes the journal article (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant). An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process). A relationship between a specifically dependent continuant and a generically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. Multiple specifically dependent continuants can concretize the same generically dependent continuant. concretizes this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. function_of is function of This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. function of this red color is a quality of this apple a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists. is quality of quality_of This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. quality of this investigator role is a role of this person a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. is role of role_of This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. role of this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. has_function has function this apple has quality this red color a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. has_quality has quality this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. has_role has role a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence has disposition inverse of has disposition This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. disposition of A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B. dos 2017-05-24T09:30:46Z has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B. dos 2017-05-24T09:31:01Z By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function. Internal regulatory functions are treated as components. For example, NMDA glutmate receptor activity is a cation channel activity with positive regulatory component 'glutamate binding' and negative regulatory components including 'zinc binding' and 'magnesium binding'. has negative regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B. dos 2017-05-24T09:31:17Z By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function and internal regulatory functions are treated as components. So, for example calmodulin has a protein binding activity that has positive regulatory component activity calcium binding activity. Receptor tyrosine kinase activity is a tyrosine kinase activity that has positive regulatory component 'ligand binding'. has positive regulatory component activity dos 2017-05-24T09:44:33Z A 'has component activity' B if A is A and B are molecular functions (GO_0003674) and A has_component B. has component activity w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. dos 2017-05-24T09:49:21Z has component process dos 2017-09-17T13:52:24Z Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2. directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2. GOC:dos Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1. dos 2017-09-17T13:52:38Z directly negatively regulated by Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1. GOC:dos Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1. dos 2017-09-17T13:52:47Z directly positively regulated by Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1. GOC:dos A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity. dos 2017-09-22T14:14:36Z This relation is designed for constructing compound molecular functions, typically in combination with one or more regulatory component activity relations. has effector activity A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity. GOC:dos David Osumi-Sutherland X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) ends after David Osumi-Sutherland starts_at_end_of X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately preceded by David Osumi-Sutherland ends_at_start_of meets X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately precedes x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y) overlaps true w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. The definition of 'has component' is still under discussion. The challenge is in providing a definition that does not imply transitivity. For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint, because OWL does not permit cardinality constraints to be used in combination with transitive object properties. In situations where you would want to say something like 'has part exactly 5 digit, you would instead use has_component exactly 5 digit. has component p regulates q iff p is causally upstream of q, the execution of p is not constant and varies according to specific conditions, and p influences the rate or magnitude of execution of q due to an effect either on some enabler of q or some enabler of a part of q. GO Regulation precludes parthood; the regulatory process may not be within the regulated process. regulates (processual) false regulates p negatively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p decreases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. negatively regulates (process to process) negatively regulates p positively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p increases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. positively regulates (process to process) positively regulates mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974) osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption' A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. has function realized in For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)". capable of c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. has function in capable of part of true Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1 A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. temporally related to p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. consumes has input A faulty traffic light (material entity) whose malfunctioning (a process) is causally upstream of a traffic collision (a process): the traffic light acts upstream of the collision. c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes. acts upstream of A gene product that has some activity, where that activity may be a part of a pathway or upstream of the pathway. c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process. affects acts upstream of or within p is causally upstream of, positive effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p is required for the execution of q. holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x increases the frequency, rate or extent of y causally upstream of, positive effect p is causally upstream of, negative effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p decreases the execution of q. causally upstream of, negative effect a particular instances of akt-2 enables some instance of protein kinase activity c enables p iff c is capable of p and c acts to execute p. catalyzes executes has is catalyzing is executing This relation differs from the parent relation 'capable of' in that the parent is weaker and only expresses a capability that may not be actually realized, whereas this relation is always realized. enables c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p actively involved in enables part of involved in inverse of enables enabled by inverse of regulates regulated by (processual) regulated by inverse of negatively regulates negatively regulated by inverse of positively regulates positively regulated by An organism that is a member of a population of organisms is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection. is member of member part of SIO member of has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item. SIO has member inverse of has input input of inverse of upstream of causally downstream of immediately causally downstream of p indirectly positively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p positively regulates q. indirectly activates indirectly positively regulates p indirectly negatively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p negatively regulates q. indirectly inhibits indirectly negatively regulates p is causally upstream of q iff p is causally related to q, the end of p precedes the end of q, and p is not an occurrent part of q. causally upstream of p is immediately causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q, and the end of p is coincident with the beginning of q. immediately causally upstream of p is 'causally upstream or within' q iff p is causally related to q, and the end of p precedes, or is coincident with, the end of q. We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2 influences (processual) affects causally upstream of or within inverse of causally upstream of or within causally downstream of or within c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p involved in positive regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p involved in negative regulation of c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p OWL does not allow defining object properties via a Union involved in or reguates involved in or involved in regulation of A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected. This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact. Considering relabeling as 'pairwise interacts with' Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules. in pairwise interaction with interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/interaction-relations/ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0914 An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other. binds molecularly binds with molecularly interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0915 Axiomatization to GO to be added later An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y. phosphorylates The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B. A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B. molecularly controls directly regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B. directly inhibits molecularly decreases activity of directly negatively regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B. directly activates molecularly increases activity of directly positively regulates activity of A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process causal agent in process p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one where the execution of p influences the execution of q. p may be upstream, downstream, part of, or a container of q. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causal relation between processes The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causal relation between entities causally influenced by (entity-centric) causally influenced by The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size). causally influences (entity-centric) causally influences p directly regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q and p regulates q. directly regulates (processual) directly regulates gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell' s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p has part structure that is capable of A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causal relation between material entity and a process pyrethroid -> growth Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p. capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p. capable of negatively regulating renin -> arteriolar smooth muscle contraction Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p. capable of positively regulating Inverse of 'causal agent in process' process has causal agent p directly positively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p positively regulates q. directly positively regulates (process to process) directly positively regulates p directly negatively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p negatively regulates q. directly negatively regulates (process to process) directly negatively regulates 2018-01-26T23:49:30Z acts upstream of or within, positive effect 2018-01-26T23:49:51Z acts upstream of or within, negative effect c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive 2018-01-26T23:53:14Z acts upstream of, positive effect c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative 2018-01-26T23:53:22Z acts upstream of, negative effect 2018-03-13T23:55:05Z causally upstream of or within, negative effect 2018-03-13T23:55:19Z causally upstream of or within, positive effect The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B. regulates activity of p is indirectly causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q and there exists some process r such that p is causally upstream of r and r is causally upstream of q. pg 2022-09-26T06:07:17Z indirectly causally upstream of p indirectly regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p regulates q. pg 2022-09-26T06:08:01Z indirectly regulates A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in the existence of C OR affects the intensity or magnitude of C. regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) positively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in an increase in the intensity or magnitude of C. positively regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) negatively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in a decrease in the intensity or magnitude of C. negatively regulates characteristic A planned process that has specified output a software product and that involves the creation of source code. Mathias Brochhausen William R. Hogan http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development A planned process resulting in a software product involving the creation of source code. software development creating a data set A planned process that has a data set as its specified output. William R. Hogan data set creation dataset creation dataset creating entity Entity Julius Caesar Verdi’s Requiem the Second World War your body mass index BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81 Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) entity Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf per discussion with Barry Smith An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) continuant Continuant continuant An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240 Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] continuant Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] occurrent Occurrent An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players. Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] occurrent Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. per discussion with Barry Smith Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] ic IndependentContinuant a chair a heart a leg a molecule a spatial region an atom an orchestra. an organism the bottom right portion of a human torso the interior of your mouth A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] independent continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] process Process a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart a process of meiosis a process of sleeping the course of a disease the flight of a bird the life of an organism your process of aging. An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war) (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] process p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] disposition Disposition an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways. the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type. b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002]) If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002]) (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] disposition b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002]) If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002]) (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] realizable RealizableEntity the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity. the disposition of your blood to coagulate the function of your reproductive organs the role of being a doctor the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] realizable entity To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] quality Quality quality the ambient temperature of this portion of air the color of a tomato the length of the circumference of your waist the mass of this piece of gold. the shape of your nose the shape of your nostril a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001]) If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001]) (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] quality a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001]) If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001]) (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] sdc SpecificallyDependentContinuant specifically dependent continuant Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates. the disposition of this fish to decay the function of this heart: to pump blood the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79 the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center the role of being a doctor the shape of this hole. the smell of this portion of mozzarella A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. b is a relational specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a specifically dependent continuant and there are n &gt; 1 independent continuants c1, … cn which are not spatial regions are such that for all 1 i &lt; j n, ci and cj share no common parts, are such that for each 1 i n, b s-depends_on ci at every time t during the course of b’s existence (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [131-004]) b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc. (iff (RelationalSpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (forall (t) (exists (b c) (and (not (SpatialRegion b)) (not (SpatialRegion c)) (not (= b c)) (not (exists (d) (and (continuantPartOfAt d b t) (continuantPartOfAt d c t)))) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [131-004] (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] specifically dependent continuant b is a relational specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a specifically dependent continuant and there are n &gt; 1 independent continuants c1, … cn which are not spatial regions are such that for all 1 i &lt; j n, ci and cj share no common parts, are such that for each 1 i n, b s-depends_on ci at every time t during the course of b’s existence (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [131-004]) b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc. per discussion with Barry Smith (iff (RelationalSpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (forall (t) (exists (b c) (and (not (SpatialRegion b)) (not (SpatialRegion c)) (not (= b c)) (not (exists (d) (and (continuantPartOfAt d b t) (continuantPartOfAt d c t)))) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [131-004] (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] role Role John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. the priest role the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories the role of a building in serving as a military target the role of a stone in marking a property boundary the role of subject in a clinical trial the student role A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives. b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] role b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] gdc GenericallyDependentContinuant The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity. the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule. A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time. b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] generically dependent continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] function Function the function of a hammer to drive in nails the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc. A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001]) (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] function A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001]) (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] material MaterialEntity material entity a flame a forest fire a human being a hurricane a photon a puff of smoke a sea wave a tornado an aggregate of human beings. an energy wave an epidemic the undetached arm of a human being An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60 BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity. BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here. A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] material entity A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] immaterial ImmaterialEntity BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10 immaterial entity Any form of carbon black which has a particle size of less than 100 nm in each dimension. PMCID:PMC3190904 PMID:21525001 PMID:22753103 PMID:24078381 PMID:24283474 PMID:25056782 PMID:25071917 PMID:25184212 PMID:25451823 PMID:25833640 PMID:25966413 PMID:26066782 PMID:26551751 PMID:26914170 PMID:27460290 PMID:27534448 chebi_ontology carbon black nanoparticles CHEBI:133602 carbon black nanoparticle PMCID:PMC3190904 Europe PMC PMID:21525001 Europe PMC PMID:22753103 Europe PMC PMID:24078381 Europe PMC PMID:24283474 Europe PMC PMID:25056782 Europe PMC PMID:25071917 Europe PMC PMID:25184212 Europe PMC PMID:25451823 Europe PMC PMID:25833640 Europe PMC PMID:25966413 Europe PMC PMID:26066782 Europe PMC PMID:26551751 Europe PMC PMID:26914170 Europe PMC PMID:27460290 Europe PMC PMID:27534448 Europe PMC carbon black nanoparticles ChEBI A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide. -1 CN InChI=1S/CN/c1-2/q-1 XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 26.01740 26.00362 [C-]#N CHEBI:14038 CHEBI:3969 CHEBI:41780 Beilstein:1900509 CAS:57-12-5 Gmelin:89 HMDB:HMDB0002084 KEGG:C00177 MetaCyc:CPD-13584 PDBeChem:CYN PMID:11386635 PMID:14871577 PMID:17554165 PMID:7839575 Reaxys:1900509 Wikipedia:Cyanide Cyanide cyanide nitridocarbonate(1-) chebi_ontology CN(-) CN- CYANIDE ION Prussiate Zyanid CHEBI:17514 cyanide Beilstein:1900509 Beilstein CAS:57-12-5 ChemIDplus CAS:57-12-5 KEGG COMPOUND CAS:57-12-5 NIST Chemistry WebBook Gmelin:89 Gmelin PMID:11386635 Europe PMC PMID:14871577 Europe PMC PMID:17554165 Europe PMC PMID:7839575 Europe PMC Reaxys:1900509 Reaxys Cyanide ChEBI Cyanide KEGG_COMPOUND cyanide IUPAC nitridocarbonate(1-) IUPAC CN(-) IUPAC CN- KEGG_COMPOUND CYANIDE ION PDBeChem Prussiate KEGG_COMPOUND Zyanid ChEBI A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron. Anion anion chebi_ontology Anionen aniones anions CHEBI:22563 anion Anion ChEBI anion ChEBI anion IUPAC Anionen ChEBI aniones ChEBI anions IUPAC Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. molecular entity chebi_ontology entidad molecular entidades moleculares entite moleculaire molecular entities molekulare Entitaet CHEBI:23367 molecular entity molecular entity IUPAC entidad molecular IUPAC entidades moleculares IUPAC entite moleculaire IUPAC molecular entities IUPAC molekulare Entitaet ChEBI A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. chemical entity chebi_ontology CHEBI:24431 chemical entity chemical entity UniProt A defined linked collection of atoms or a single atom within a molecular entity. group chebi_ontology Gruppe Rest groupe grupo grupos CHEBI:24433 group group IUPAC Gruppe ChEBI Rest ChEBI groupe IUPAC grupo IUPAC grupos IUPAC A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element. chebi_ontology organic heterocycle organic heterocyclic compounds CHEBI:24532 organic heterocyclic compound organic heterocycle ChEBI organic heterocyclic compounds ChEBI A molecular entity having a net electric charge. Ion ion chebi_ontology Ionen iones ions CHEBI:24870 ion Ion ChEBI ion ChEBI ion IUPAC Ionen ChEBI iones ChEBI ions ChEBI Any polyatomic entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom. molecule chebi_ontology Molekuel molecula molecules neutral molecular compounds CHEBI:25367 molecule molecule IUPAC Molekuel ChEBI molecula IUPAC molecules IUPAC neutral molecular compounds IUPAC Any organic ion with a net negative charge. chebi_ontology organic anions CHEBI:25696 organic anion organic anions ChEBI chebi_ontology organic ions CHEBI:25699 organic ion organic ions ChEBI sulfur molecular entity chebi_ontology sulfur molecular entities CHEBI:26835 sulfur molecular entity sulfur molecular entity ChEBI sulfur molecular entities ChEBI A polymer consisting of cis-linked prenyl units. 0 (C5H8)n.H2 CHEBI:26584 CHEBI:8905 KEGG:C02321 Rubber particle chebi_ontology Rubber Rubber (all-cis) CHEBI:28798 rubber particle Rubber particle KEGG_COMPOUND Rubber KEGG_COMPOUND Rubber (all-cis) KEGG_COMPOUND Any substituent group or skeleton containing carbon. chebi_ontology organic groups CHEBI:33247 organic group organic groups ChEBI A molecular entity all atoms of which have the same atomic number. chebi_ontology homoatomic entity homoatomic molecular entities homoatomic molecular entity CHEBI:33259 elemental molecular entity homoatomic entity ChEBI homoatomic molecular entities ChEBI homoatomic molecular entity ChEBI An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond. CHEBI:23010 CHEBI:25714 Wikipedia:Organosulfur_compounds organosulfur compound chebi_ontology organosulfur compounds CHEBI:33261 organosulfur compound organosulfur compound ChEBI organosulfur compounds ChEBI An anion consisting of more than one atom. chebi_ontology polyatomic anions CHEBI:33273 polyatomic anion polyatomic anions ChEBI A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms. chebi_ontology heteroorganic entities organoelement compounds CHEBI:33285 heteroorganic entity heteroorganic entities ChEBI organoelement compounds ChEBI A p-block molecular entity containing any pnictogen. pnictogen molecular entity chebi_ontology pnictogen molecular entities CHEBI:33302 pnictogen molecular entity pnictogen molecular entity ChEBI pnictogen molecular entities ChEBI Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen. chalcogen molecular entity chebi_ontology chalcogen compounds chalcogen molecular entities CHEBI:33304 chalcogen molecular entity chalcogen molecular entity ChEBI chalcogen compounds ChEBI chalcogen molecular entities ChEBI CAS:7440-44-0 CAS:82600-58-6 Gmelin:8868 chebi_ontology carbon CHEBI:33415 elemental carbon CAS:7440-44-0 ChemIDplus CAS:7440-44-0 NIST Chemistry WebBook CAS:82600-58-6 NIST Chemistry WebBook Gmelin:8868 Gmelin carbon ChemIDplus A bivalent group formed by removing two hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon, the free valencies of which are not engaged in a double bond. hydrocarbylene group hydrocarbylene groups chebi_ontology groupe hydrocarbylene grupo hidrocarbileno grupos hidrocarbileno CHEBI:33471 hydrocarbylene group hydrocarbylene group IUPAC hydrocarbylene groups IUPAC groupe hydrocarbylene IUPAC grupo hidrocarbileno IUPAC grupos hidrocarbileno IUPAC A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table. chebi_ontology main group compounds main group molecular entities CHEBI:33579 main group molecular entity main group compounds ChEBI main group molecular entities ChEBI carbon group molecular entity chebi_ontology carbon group molecular entities CHEBI:33582 carbon group molecular entity carbon group molecular entity ChEBI carbon group molecular entities ChEBI Any molecule that consists of a series of atoms joined together to form a ring. Wikipedia:Cyclic_compound chebi_ontology cyclic compounds CHEBI:33595 cyclic compound cyclic compounds ChEBI A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character. aromatic compounds aromatic molecular entity chebi_ontology aromatics aromatische Verbindungen CHEBI:33655 aromatic compound aromatic compounds IUPAC aromatic molecular entity IUPAC aromatics ChEBI aromatische Verbindungen ChEBI chebi_ontology organic aromatic compounds CHEBI:33659 organic aromatic compound organic aromatic compounds ChEBI A main group molecular entity that contains one or more atoms of a p-block element. chebi_ontology p-block compounds p-block molecular entities p-block molecular entitiy CHEBI:33675 p-block molecular entity p-block compounds ChEBI p-block molecular entities ChEBI p-block molecular entitiy ChEBI Any organic molecule that consists of atoms connected in the form of a ring. chebi_ontology organic cyclic compounds CHEBI:33832 organic cyclic compound organic cyclic compounds ChEBI A heterocyclic compound formally derived from an arene by replacement of one or more methine (-C=) and/or vinylene (-CH=CH-) groups by trivalent or divalent heteroatoms, respectively, in such a way as to maintain the continuous pi-electron system characteristic of aromatic systems and a number of out-of-plane pi-electrons corresponding to the Hueckel rule (4n+2). heteroarenes chebi_ontology hetarenes CHEBI:33833 heteroarene heteroarenes IUPAC hetarenes IUPAC Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. organonitrogen compounds chebi_ontology organonitrogens CHEBI:35352 organonitrogen compound organonitrogen compounds IUPAC organonitrogens ChEBI Compounds of structure RSSR in which R and R' are organic groups. 0 S2R2 64.13000 63.94414 [*]SS[*] disulfides chebi_ontology an organic disulfide organic disulfides CHEBI:35489 organic disulfide disulfides IUPAC an organic disulfide UniProt organic disulfides ChEBI Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom. chebi_ontology polyatomic entities CHEBI:36357 polyatomic entity polyatomic entities ChEBI An ion consisting of more than one atom. chebi_ontology polyatomic ions CHEBI:36358 polyatomic ion polyatomic ions ChEBI pseudohalide ions chebi_ontology pseudohalide anions pseudohalides pseudohalogen anion pseudohalogen ion CHEBI:36828 pseudohalide anion pseudohalide ions IUPAC pseudohalide anions ChEBI pseudohalides ChEBI pseudohalogen anion ChEBI pseudohalogen ion ChEBI chebi_ontology polyatomic monoanions CHEBI:36829 polyatomic monoanion polyatomic monoanions ChEBI -1 chebi_ontology monoanions CHEBI:36830 monoanion monoanions ChEBI An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond. organochalcogen compound chebi_ontology organochalcogen compounds CHEBI:36962 organochalcogen compound organochalcogen compound ChEBI organochalcogen compounds ChEBI Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms. chebi_ontology heterocyclic organonitrogen compounds organonitrogen heterocyclic compounds CHEBI:38101 organonitrogen heterocyclic compound heterocyclic organonitrogen compounds ChEBI organonitrogen heterocyclic compounds ChEBI chebi_ontology heterocyclic organosulfur compounds organosulfur heterocyclic compounds CHEBI:38106 organosulfur heterocyclic compound heterocyclic organosulfur compounds ChEBI organosulfur heterocyclic compounds ChEBI chebi_ontology monocyclic heteroarenes CHEBI:38179 monocyclic heteroarene monocyclic heteroarenes ChEBI CHEBI:26949 CHEBI:38417 1,3-thiazoles chebi_ontology CHEBI:38418 1,3-thiazoles 1,3-thiazoles ChEBI Compounds of structure RSSR'. chebi_ontology disulfides CHEBI:48343 disulfide disulfides ChEBI An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains a N atom and one S atom. chebi_ontology thiazole CHEBI:48901 thiazoles thiazole ChEBI A nanometre sized object. chebi_ontology nanoestructura CHEBI:50795 nanostructure nanoestructura ChEBI A nanosized spherical or capsule-shaped structure. chebi_ontology NP Nanoteilchen nanoparticles nanoparticula nanoparticule CHEBI:50803 nanoparticle NP ChEBI Nanoteilchen ChEBI nanoparticles ChEBI nanoparticula ChEBI nanoparticule ChEBI chebi_ontology carbon nanostructures CHEBI:50812 carbon nanostructure carbon nanostructures ChEBI Any molecular entity that contains carbon. CHEBI:25700 CHEBI:33244 chebi_ontology organic compounds organic entity organic molecular entities CHEBI:50860 organic molecular entity organic compounds ChEBI organic entity ChEBI organic molecular entities ChEBI CHEBI:25556 CHEBI:7594 KEGG:C06061 chebi_ontology Nitrogenous compounds nitrogen compounds nitrogen molecular entities CHEBI:51143 nitrogen molecular entity Nitrogenous compounds KEGG_COMPOUND nitrogen compounds ChEBI nitrogen molecular entities ChEBI Any organic substituent group, regardless of functional type, having two free valences at carbon atom(s). chebi_ontology organodiyl groups CHEBI:51422 organodiyl group organodiyl groups ChEBI chebi_ontology CHEBI:51446 organic divalent group A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of at least two different elements. Heterocyclic compound chebi_ontology compuesto heterociclico compuestos heterociclicos heterocycle heterocyclic compounds CHEBI:5686 heterocyclic compound Heterocyclic compound KEGG_COMPOUND compuesto heterociclico IUPAC compuestos heterociclicos IUPAC heterocycle ChEBI heterocyclic compounds ChEBI A chemical substance is a portion of matter of constant composition, composed of molecular entities of the same type or of different types. chebi_ontology Chemische Substanz CHEBI:59999 chemical substance Chemische Substanz ChEBI A mixture is a chemical substance composed of multiple molecules, at least two of which are of a different kind. chebi_ontology Mischung CHEBI:60004 mixture Mischung ChEBI A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc.. Wikipedia:Polymer Polymer chebi_ontology Kunststoff CHEBI:60027 polymer Polymer ChEBI Kunststoff ChEBI Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. Wikipedia:Azole chebi_ontology azoles CHEBI:68452 azole azoles ChEBI Any molecule that consists of at least one carbon atom as part of the electrically neutral entity. chebi_ontology organic compound organic compounds organic molecules CHEBI:72695 organic molecule organic compound ChEBI organic compounds ChEBI organic molecules ChEBI An elemental carbon in the form of virtually pure colloidal particles that are produced by incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons under controlled conditions. A black, finely divided pellet or powder, its properties of specific surface area, particle size and structure, conductivity and colour can be varied by varying the exact conditions for its production. It is used in tyres, rubber and plastic products, printing inks and coatings. CAS:1333-86-4 KEGG:C19202 PMID:24291665 PMID:24669321 PMID:25071917 PMID:26803751 Wikipedia:Carbon_black chebi_ontology CHEBI:82297 carbon black CAS:1333-86-4 ChemIDplus CAS:1333-86-4 KEGG COMPOUND PMID:24291665 Europe PMC PMID:24669321 Europe PMC PMID:25071917 Europe PMC PMID:26803751 Europe PMC 0 C12H16O15S2 CAS:53973-98-1 KEGG:C19203 KEGG:D05539 chebi_ontology Carrageenan, degraded CHEBI:82298 Poligeenan CAS:53973-98-1 KEGG COMPOUND Carrageenan, degraded KEGG_COMPOUND An organic anion in which the charge resides on a sulfur atom. chebi_ontology organic sulfur anions CHEBI:84291 organic sulfur anion organic sulfur anions ChEBI Any organic sulfur anion resulting from the removal of a proton from any N-substituted dithiocarbamic acid. -1 CNS2R2 90.14800 89.94722 [S-]C(=S)N([*])[*] chebi_ontology CHEBI:84292 dithiocarbamate anions root node A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. These actions are described from two distinct but related perspectives: (1) biochemical activity, and (2) role as a component in a larger system/process. molecular function GO:0003674 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the molecular function ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose molecular function is unknown. When this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the molecular function of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code 'no data' (ND), is used to indicate this. Despite its name, this is not a type of 'function' in the sense typically defined by upper ontologies such as Basic Formal Ontology (BFO). It is instead a BFO:process carried out by a single gene product or complex. molecular_function A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. These actions are described from two distinct but related perspectives: (1) biochemical activity, and (2) role as a component in a larger system/process. GOC:pdt A biological process represents a specific objective that the organism is genetically programmed to achieve. Biological processes are often described by their outcome or ending state, e.g., the biological process of cell division results in the creation of two daughter cells (a divided cell) from a single parent cell. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. jl 2012-09-19T15:05:24Z Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process physiological process single organism process single-organism process GO:0008150 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. When this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code 'no data' (ND), is used to indicate this. biological_process A biological process represents a specific objective that the organism is genetically programmed to achieve. Biological processes are often described by their outcome or ending state, e.g., the biological process of cell division results in the creation of two daughter cells (a divided cell) from a single parent cell. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. GOC:pdt Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. Reactome:R-HSA-6788855 Reactome:R-HSA-6788867 phosphokinase activity GO:0016301 Note that this term encompasses all activities that transfer a single phosphate group; although ATP is by far the most common phosphate donor, reactions using other phosphate donors are included in this term. kinase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. ISBN:0198506732 Reactome:R-HSA-6788855 FN3KRP phosphorylates PsiAm, RibAm Reactome:R-HSA-6788867 FN3K phosphorylates ketosamines measurement unit label Examples of measurement unit labels are liters, inches, weight per volume. A measurement unit label is as a label that is part of a scalar measurement datum and denotes a unit of measure. 2009-03-16: provenance: a term measurement unit was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000176) , edited by Chris Stoeckert and Cristian Cocos, and subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definition of this, different, term. 2009-03-16: review of this term done during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Melanie Courtot measurement unit label objective specification In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction. A directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved. 2009-03-16: original definition when imported from OBI read: "objective is an non realizable information entity which can serve as that proper part of a plan towards which the realization of the plan is directed." 2014-03-31: In the example of usage ("In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction") there is a protocol which is the ChIP assay protocol. In addition to being concretized on paper, the protocol can be concretized as a realizable entity, such as a plan that inheres in a person. The objective specification is the part that says that some protein and DNA interactions are identified. This is a specification of a process endpoint: the boundary in the process before which they are not identified and after which they are. During the realization of the plan, the goal is to get to the point of having the interactions, and participants in the realization of the plan try to do that. Answers the question, why did you do this experiment? PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Barry Smith PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Jennifer Fostel goal specification OBI Plan and Planned Process/Roles Branch OBI_0000217 objective specification Pour the contents of flask 1 into flask 2 A directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take. Alan Ruttenberg OBI Plan and Planned Process branch action specification datum label A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label http://www.golovchenko.org/cgi-bin/wnsearch?q=label#4n GROUP: IAO 9/22/11 BP: changed the rdfs:label for this class from 'label' to 'datum label' to convey that this class is not intended to cover all kinds of labels (stickers, radiolabels, etc.), and not even all kind of textual labels, but rather the kind of labels occuring in a datum. datum label software Software is a plan specification composed of a series of instructions that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit. see sourceforge tracker discussion at http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1958818&group_id=177891&atid=886178 PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Chris Stoeckert PERSON: Melanie Courtot GROUP: OBI software information carrier In the case of a printed paperback novel the physicality of the ink and of the paper form part of the information bearer. The qualities of appearing black and having a certain pattern for the ink and appearing white for the paper form part of the information carrier in this case. A quality of an information bearer that imparts the information content 12/15/09: There is a concern that some ways that carry information may be processes rather than qualities, such as in a 'delayed wave carrier'. 2014-03-10: We are not certain that all information carriers are qualities. There was a discussion of dropping it. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy information carrier data item Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries. An information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. 2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers. 2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum. 2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym. 2014-03-31: See discussion at http://odontomachus.wordpress.com/2014/03/30/aboutness-objects-propositions/ JAR: datum -- well, this will be very tricky to define, but maybe some information-like stuff that might be put into a computer and that is meant, by someone, to denote and/or to be interpreted by some process... I would include lists, tables, sentences... I think I might defer to Barry, or to Brian Cantwell Smith JAR: A data item is an approximately justified approximately true approximate belief PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Chris Stoeckert PERSON: Jonathan Rees data data item information content entity Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs. A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. 2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity. PERSON: Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000142 information content entity An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process. 2009-03-16: provenance: a term realizable information entity was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000337) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was "is the specification of a process that can be concretized and realized by an actor" with alternative term "instruction".It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term. 2013-05-30 Alan Ruttenberg: What differentiates a directive information entity from an information concretization is that it can have concretizations that are either qualities or realizable entities. The concretizations that are realizable entities are created when an individual chooses to take up the direction, i.e. has the intention to (try to) realize it. 8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Changed label from "information entity about a realizable" after discussions at ICBO Werner pushed back on calling it realizable information entity as it isn't realizable. However this name isn't right either. An example would be a recipe. The realizable entity would be a plan, but the information entity isn't about the plan, it, once concretized, *is* the plan. -Alan PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters directive information entity dot plot Dot plot of SSC-H and FSC-H. A dot plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where each data point is represented by a single dot placed on coordinates corresponding to data point values in particular dimensions. person:Allyson Lister person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000123 group:OBI dot plot graph A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way. PERSON: Lawrence Hunter person:Alan Ruttenberg person:Allyson Lister OBI_0000240 group:OBI graph algorithm PMID: 18378114.Genomics. 2008 Mar 28. LINKGEN: A new algorithm to process data in genetic linkage studies. A plan specification which describes the inputs and output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving an predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata. Philippe Rocca-Serra PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI_0000270 adapted from discussion on OBI list (Matthew Pocock, Christian Cocos, Alan Ruttenberg) algorithm curation status specification The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting) PERSON:Bill Bug GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> OBI_0000266 curation status specification source code module The written source code that implements part of an algorithm. Test - if you know that it was written in a specific language, then it can be source code module. We mean here, roughly, the wording of a document such as a perl script. A source code module is a directive information entity that specifies, using a programming language, some algorithm. person:Alan Ruttenberg person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000039 group:OBI source code module data format specification A data format specification is the information content borne by the document published defining the specification. Example: The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file 2009-03-16: provenance: term imported from OBI_0000187, which had original definition "A data format specification is a plan which organizes information. Example: The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file" PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived OBI_0000187 data format specification data set Intensity values in a CEL file or from multiple CEL files comprise a data set (as opposed to the CEL files themselves). A data item that is an aggregate of other data items of the same type that have something in common. Averages and distributions can be determined for data sets. 2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg. The intention is that this term represent collections of like data. So this isn't for, e.g. the whole contents of a cel file, which includes parameters, metadata etc. This is more like java arrays of a certain rather specific type 2014-05-05: Data sets are aggregates and thus must include two or more data items. We have chosen not to add logical axioms to make this restriction. person:Allyson Lister person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000042 group:OBI data set image An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface. person:Alan Ruttenberg person:Allyson person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000030 group:OBI image data about an ontology part Data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term Person:Alan Ruttenberg data about an ontology part plan specification PMID: 18323827.Nat Med. 2008 Mar;14(3):226.New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice. A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts that, when concretized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified. 2009-03-16: provenance: a term a plan was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000344) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was " a plan is a specification of a process that is realized by an actor to achieve the objective specified as part of the plan". It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term. 2014-03-31: A plan specification can have other parts, such as conditional specifications. Alternative previous definition: a plan is a set of instructions that specify how an objective should be achieved Alan Ruttenberg OBI Plan and Planned Process branch OBI_0000344 2/3/2009 Comment from OBI review. Action specification not well enough specified. Conditional specification not well enough specified. Question whether all plan specifications have objective specifications. Request that IAO either clarify these or change definitions not to use them plan specification measurement datum Examples of measurement data are the recoding of the weight of a mouse as {40,mass,"grams"}, the recording of an observation of the behavior of the mouse {,process,"agitated"}, the recording of the expression level of a gene as measured through the process of microarray experiment {3.4,luminosity,}. A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device. 2/2/2009 is_specified_output of some assay? person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000305 group:OBI measurement datum material information bearer A page of a paperback novel with writing on it. The paper itself is a material information bearer, the pattern of ink is the information carrier. a brain a hard drive A material entity in which a concretization of an information content entity inheres. GROUP: IAO material information bearer histogram A histogram is a report graph which is a statistical description of a distribution in terms of occurrence frequencies of different event classes. PERSON:Chris Stoeckert PERSON:James Malone PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBI histogram heatmap A heatmap is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where the values taken by a variable(s) are shown as colors in a two-dimensional map. PERSON:Chris Stoeckert PERSON:James Malone PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBI heatmap dendrogram Dendrograms are often used in computational biology to illustrate the clustering of genes. A dendrogram is a report graph which is a tree diagram frequently used to illustrate the arrangement of the clusters produced by a clustering algorithm. PERSON:Chris Stoeckert PERSON:James Malone PERSON:Melanie Courtot WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendrogram dendrogram scatter plot Comparison of gene expression values in two samples can be displayed in a scatter plot A scatterplot is a graph which uses Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis. PERSON:Chris Stoeckert PERSON:James Malone PERSON:Melanie Courtot scattergraph WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scatterplot scatter plot obsolescence reason specification The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. The creation of this class has been inspired in part by Werner Ceusters' paper, Applying evolutionary terminology auditing to the Gene Ontology. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Melanie Courtot obsolescence reason specification figure Any picture, diagram or table An information content entity consisting of a two dimensional arrangement of information content entities such that the arrangement itself is about something. PERSON: Lawrence Hunter figure diagram A molecular structure ribbon cartoon showing helices, turns and sheets and their relations to each other in space. A figure that expresses one or more propositions PERSON: Lawrence Hunter diagram document A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole PERSON: Lawrence Hunter document denotator type The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinction between Universals and defined classes, where the formal are "natural kinds" and the latter arbitrary collections of entities. A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective. Alan Ruttenberg Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters denotator type Viruses Viruses Euteleostomi bony vertebrates Euteleostomi Bacteria eubacteria Bacteria Archaea Archaea Eukaryota eucaryotes eukaryotes Eukaryota Euarchontoglires Euarchontoglires Tetrapoda tetrapods Tetrapoda Amniota amniotes Amniota Opisthokonta Opisthokonta Metazoa metazoans multicellular animals Metazoa Bilateria Bilateria Mammalia mammals Mammalia Vertebrata <vertebrates> Vertebrata vertebrates Vertebrata <vertebrates> Homo sapiens human human being Homo sapiens planned process planned process Injecting mice with a vaccine in order to test its efficacy A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. 'Plan' includes a future direction sense. That can be problematic if plans are changed during their execution. There are however implicit contingencies for protocols that an agent has in his mind that can be considered part of the plan, even if the agent didn't have them in mind before. Therefore, a planned process can diverge from what the agent would have said the plan was before executing it, by adjusting to problems encountered during execution (e.g. choosing another reagent with equivalent properties, if the originally planned one has run out.) We are only considering successfully completed planned processes. A plan may be modified, and details added during execution. For a given planned process, the associated realized plan specification is the one encompassing all changes made during execution. This means that all processes in which an agent acts towards achieving some objectives is a planned process. Bjoern Peters branch derived 6/11/9: Edited at workshop. Used to include: is initiated by an agent This class merges the previously separated objective driven process and planned process, as they the separation proved hard to maintain. (1/22/09, branch call) planned process regulator role Fact sheet - Regulating the companies The role of the regulator. Ofwat is the economic regulator of the water and sewerage industry in England and Wales. http://www.ofwat.gov.uk/aptrix/ofwat/publish.nsf/Content/roleofregulator_factsheet170805 a regulatory role involved with making and/or enforcing relevant legislation and governmental orders Person:Jennifer Fostel regulator OBI regulator role regulatory role Regulatory agency, Ethics committee, Approval letter; example: Browse these EPA Regulatory Role subtopics http://www.epa.gov/ebtpages/enviregulatoryrole.html Feb 29, 2008 a role which inheres in material entities and is realized in the processes of making, enforcing or being defined by legislation or orders issued by a governmental body. GROUP: Role branch OBI, CDISC govt agents responsible for creating regulations; proxies for enforcing regulations. CDISC definition: regulatory authorities. Bodies having the power to regulate. NOTE: In the ICH GCP guideline the term includes the authorities that review submitted clinical data and those that conduct inspections. These bodies are sometimes referred to as competent regulatory role material supplier role Jackson Labs is an organization which provide mice as experimental material a role realized through the process of supplying materials such as animal subjects, reagents or other materials used in an investigation. Supplier role is a special kind of service, e.g. biobank PERSON:Jennifer Fostel material provider role supplier material supplier role classified data set A data set that is produced as the output of a class prediction data transformation and consists of a data set with assigned class labels. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee data set with assigned class labels classified data set processed material Examples include gel matrices, filter paper, parafilm and buffer solutions, mass spectrometer, tissue samples Is a material entity that is created or changed during material processing. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg processed material evaluant role When a specimen of blood is assayed for glucose concentration, the blood has the evaluant role. When measuring the mass of a mouse, the evaluant is the mouse. When measuring the time of DNA replication, the evaluant is the DNA. When measuring the intensity of light on a surface, the evaluant is the light source. a role that inheres in a material entity that is realized in an assay in which data is generated about the bearer of the evaluant role Role call - 17nov-08: JF and MC think an evaluant role is always specified input of a process. Even in the case where we have an assay taking blood as evaluant and outputting blood, the blood is not the specified output at the end of the assay (the concentration of glucose in the blood is) examples of features that could be described in an evaluant: quality.... e.g. "contains 10 pg/ml IL2", or "no glucose detected") GROUP: Role Branch OBI Feb 10, 2009. changes after discussion at OBI Consortium Workshop Feb 2-6, 2009. accepted as core term. evaluant role assay Assay the wavelength of light emitted by excited Neon atoms. Count of geese flying over a house. A planned process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. 12/3/12: BP: the reference to the 'physical examination' is included to point out that a prediction is not an assay, as that does not require physical examiniation. PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch measuring scientific observation OBI branch derived study assay any method assay material processing A cell lysis, production of a cloning vector, creating a buffer. A planned process which results in physical changes in a specified input material PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Frank Gibson PERSON: Jennifer Fostel PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Philippe Rocca Serra material transformation OBI branch derived material processing specimen role liver section; a portion of a culture of cells; a nemotode or other animal once no longer a subject (generally killed); portion of blood from a patient. a role borne by a material entity that is gained during a specimen collection process and that can be realized by use of the specimen in an investigation 22Jun09. The definition includes whole organisms, and can include a human. The link between specimen role and study subject role has been removed. A specimen taken as part of a case study is not considered to be a population representative, while a specimen taken as representing a population, e.g. person taken from a cohort, blood specimen taken from an animal) would be considered a population representative and would also bear material sample role. Note: definition is in specimen creation objective which is defined as an objective to obtain and store a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation. blood taken from animal: animal continues in study, whereas blood has role specimen. something taken from study subject, leaves the study and becomes the specimen. parasite example - when parasite in people we study people, people are subjects and parasites are specimen - when parasite extracted, they become subject in the following study specimen can later be subject. GROUP: Role Branch OBI specimen role organization PMID: 16353909.AAPS J. 2005 Sep 22;7(2):E274-80. Review. The joint food and agriculture organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives and its role in the evaluation of the safety of veterinary drug residues in foods. An entity that can bear roles, has members, and has a set of organization rules. Members of organizations are either organizations themselves or individual people. Members can bear specific organization member roles that are determined in the organization rules. The organization rules also determine how decisions are made on behalf of the organization by the organization members. BP: The definition summarizes long email discussions on the OBI developer, roles, biomaterial and denrie branches. It leaves open if an organization is a material entity or a dependent continuant, as no consensus was reached on that. The current placement as material is therefore temporary, in order to move forward with development. Here is the entire email summary, on which the definition is based: 1) there are organization_member_roles (president, treasurer, branch editor), with individual persons as bearers 2) there are organization_roles (employer, owner, vendor, patent holder) 3) an organization has a charter / rules / bylaws, which specify what roles there are, how they should be realized, and how to modify the charter/rules/bylaws themselves. It is debatable what the organization itself is (some kind of dependent continuant or an aggregate of people). This also determines who/what the bearer of organization_roles' are. My personal favorite is still to define organization as a kind of 'legal entity', but thinking it through leads to all kinds of questions that are clearly outside the scope of OBI. Interestingly enough, it does not seem to matter much where we place organization itself, as long as we can subclass it (University, Corporation, Government Agency, Hospital), instantiate it (Affymetrix, NCBI, NIH, ISO, W3C, University of Oklahoma), and have it play roles. This leads to my proposal: We define organization through the statements 1 - 3 above, but without an 'is a' statement for now. We can leave it in its current place in the is_a hierarchy (material entity) or move it up to 'continuant'. We leave further clarifications to BFO, and close this issue for now. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra PERSON: Susanna Sansone GROUP: OBI organization protocol PCR protocol, has objective specification, amplify DNA fragment of interest, and has action specification describes the amounts of experimental reagents used (e..g. buffers, dNTPS, enzyme), and the temperature and cycle time settings for running the PCR. A plan specification which has sufficient level of detail and quantitative information to communicate it between investigation agents, so that different investigation agents will reliably be able to independently reproduce the process. PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived + wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_%28natural_sciences%29) study protocol protocol heat function A heat function is a function that increases the internal kinetic energy of a material Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot heat function mechanical function A mechanical function is a function that is realised via mechanical work (through an certain amount of energy transferred by some force). Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_work mechanical function cool function A cool function is a function to decrease the internal kinetic energy of a material below the initial kinetic energy of that type of material. Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot cool function environment control function An environmental control function is a function that regulates a contained environment within specified parameter ranges. For example the control of light exposure, humidity and temperature. Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot environment control function assay objective the objective to determine the weight of a mouse. an objective specification to determine a specified type of information about an evaluated entity (the material entity bearing evaluant role) PPPB branch PPPB branch assay objective regulatory agency The US Environmental Protection Agency A regulatory agency is a organization that has responsibility over or for the legislation (acts and regulations) for a given sector of the government. GROUP: OBI Biomaterial Branch WEB: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulator regulatory agency measure function A glucometer measures blood glucose concentration, the glucometer has a measure function. Measure function is a function that is borne by a processed material and realized in a process in which information about some entity is expressed relative to some reference. PERSON: Daniel Schober PERSON: Helen Parkinson PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON:Frank Gibson measure function material transformation objective The objective to create a mouse infected with LCM virus. The objective to create a defined solution of PBS. an objective specifiction that creates an specific output object from input materials. PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Frank Gibson PERSON: Jennifer Fostel PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra artifact creation objective GROUP: OBI PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch material transformation objective manufacturing Manufacturing is a process with the intent to produce a processed material which will have a function for future use. A person or organization (having manufacturer role) is a participant in this process Manufacturing implies reproducibility and responsibility AR This includes a single scientist making a processed material for personal use. PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Frank Gibson PERSON: Jennifer Fostel PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra GROUP: OBI PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch manufacturing manufacturing objective is the objective to manufacture a material of a certain function (device) PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Frank Gibson PERSON: Jennifer Fostel PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra GROUP: OBI PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch manufacturing objective manufacturer role With respect to The Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer System, the organization Accuri bears the role manufacturer role. With respect to a transformed line of tissue culture cells derived by a specific lab, the lab whose personnel isolated the cll line bears the role manufacturer role. With respect to a specific antibody produced by an individual scientist, the scientist who purifies, characterizes and distributes the anitbody bears the role manufacturer role. Manufacturer role is a role which inheres in a person or organization and which is realized by a manufacturing process. GROUP: Role Branch OBI manufacturer role clustered data set A clustered data set is the output of a K means clustering data transformation A data set that is produced as the output of a class discovery data transformation and consists of a data set with assigned discovered class labels. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee data set with assigned discovered class labels AR thinks could be a data item instead clustered data set specimen collection process drawing blood from a patient for analysis, collecting a piece of a plant for depositing in a herbarium, buying meat from a butcher in order to measure its protein content in an investigation A planned process with the objective of collecting a specimen. Note: definition is in specimen creation objective which is defined as an objective to obtain and store a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation. Philly2013: A specimen collection can have as part a material entity acquisition, such as ordering from a bank. The distinction is that specimen collection necessarily involves the creation of a specimen role. However ordering cell lines cells from ATCC for use in an investigation is NOT a specimen collection, because the cell lines already have a specimen role. Philly2013: The specimen_role for the specimen is created during the specimen collection process. label changed to 'specimen collection process' on 10/27/2014, details see tracker: http://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/716/ Bjoern Peters specimen collection 5/31/2012: This process is not necessarily an acquisition, as specimens may be collected from materials already in posession 6/9/09: used at workshop specimen collection process class prediction data transformation A class prediction data transformation (sometimes called supervised classification) is a data transformation that has objective class prediction. James Malone supervised classification data transformation PERSON: James Malone class prediction data transformation specimen collection objective The objective to collect bits of excrement in the rainforest. The objective to obtain a blood sample from a patient. A objective specification to obtain a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation. Bjoern Peters Bjoern Peters specimen collection objective support vector machine A support vector machine is a data transformation with a class prediction objective based on the construction of a separating hyperplane that maximizes the margin between two data sets of vectors in n-dimensional space. James Malone Ryan Brinkman SVM PERSON: Ryan Brinkman support vector machine decision tree induction objective A decision tree induction objective is a data transformation objective in which a tree-like graph of edges and nodes is created and from which the selection of each branch requires that some type of logical decision is made. James Malone decision tree induction objective decision tree building data transformation A decision tree building data transformation is a data transformation that has objective decision tree induction. James Malone PERSON: James Malone decision tree building data transformation GenePattern software a software that provides access to more than 100 tools for gene expression analysis, proteomics, SNP analysis and common data processing tasks. James Malone Person:Helen Parkinson WEB: http://www.broadinstitute.org/cancer/software/genepattern/ GenePattern software peak matching Peak matching is a data transformation performed on a dataset of a graph of ordered data points (e.g. a spectrum) with the objective of pattern matching local maxima above a noise threshold James Malone Ryan Brinkman PERSON: Ryan Brinkman peak matching k-nearest neighbors A k-nearest neighbors is a data transformation which achieves a class discovery or partitioning objective, in which an input data object with vector y is assigned to a class label based upon the k closest training data set points to y; where k is the largest value that class label is assigned. James Malone k-NN PERSON: James Malone k-nearest neighbors CART A CART (classification and regression trees) is a data transformation method for producing a classification or regression model with a tree-based structure. James Malone classification and regression trees BOOK: David J. Hand, Heikki Mannila and Padhraic Smyth (2001) Principles of Data Mining. CART statistical model validation Using the expression levels of 20 proteins to predict whether a cancer patient will respond to a drug. A practical goal would be to determine which subset of the 20 features should be used to produce the best predictive model. - wikipedia A data transformation which assesses how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent data set. Helen Parkinson http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-validation_%28statistics%29 statistical model validation measurement device A ruler, a microarray scanner, a Geiger counter. A device in which a measure function inheres. GROUP:OBI Philly workshop OBI measurement device manufacturer A person or organization that has a manufacturer role manufacturer sterilization function a function to remove viable organisms from an input material sterilization function service provider role Jackson Lab provides experimental animals, EBI provides training on databases, a core facility provides access to a DNA sequencer. is a role which inheres in a person or organization and is realized in in a planned process which provides access to training, materials or execution of protocols for an organization or person PERSON:Helen Parkinson service provider role processed specimen A tissue sample that has been sliced and stained for a histology study. A blood specimen that has been centrifuged to obtain the white blood cells. A specimen that has been intentionally physically modified. Bjoern Peters Bjoern Peters A tissue sample that has been sliced and stained for a histology study. processed specimen categorical label The labels 'positive' vs. 'negative', or 'left handed', 'right handed', 'ambidexterous', or 'strongly binding', 'weakly binding' , 'not binding', or '+++', '++', '+', '-' etc. form scales of categorical labels. A label that is part of a categorical datum and that indicates the value of the data item on the categorical scale. Bjoern Peters Bjoern Peters categorical label device A voltmeter is a measurement device which is intended to perform some measure function. An autoclave is a device that sterlizes instruments or contaminated waste by applying high temperature and pressure. A material entity that is designed to perform a function in a scientific investigation, but is not a reagent. 2012-12-17 JAO: In common lab usage, there is a distinction made between devices and reagents that is difficult to model. Therefore we have chosen to specifically exclude reagents from the definition of "device", and are enumerating the types of roles that a reagent can perform. 2013-6-5 MHB: The following clarifications are outcomes of the May 2013 Philly Workshop. Reagents are distinguished from devices that also participate in scientific techniques by the fact that reagents are chemical or biological in nature and necessarily participate in some chemical interaction or reaction during the realization of their experimental role. By contrast, devices do not participate in such chemical reactions/interactions. Note that there are cases where devices use reagent components during their operation, where the reagent-device distinction is less clear. For example: (1) An HPLC machine is considered a device, but has a column that holds a stationary phase resin as an operational component. This resin qualifies as a device if it participates purely in size exclusion, but bears a reagent role that is realized in the running of a column if it interacts electrostatically or chemically with the evaluant. The container the resin is in (“the column”) considered alone is a device. So the entire column as well as the entire HPLC machine are devices that have a reagent as an operating part. (2) A pH meter is a device, but its electrode component bears a reagent role in virtue of its interacting directly with the evaluant in execution of an assay. (3) A gel running box is a device that has a metallic lead as a component that participates in a chemical reaction with the running buffer when a charge is passed through it. This metallic lead is considered to have a reagent role as a component of this device realized in the running of a gel. In the examples above, a reagent is an operational component of a device, but the device itself does not realize a reagent role (as bearing a reagent role is not transitive across the part_of relation). In this way, the asserted disjointness between a reagent and device holds, as both roles are never realized in the same bearer during execution of an assay. PERSON: Helen Parkinson instrument OBI development call 2012-12-17. device questionnaire A document with a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study. JT: It plays a role in collecting data that could be fleshed out more; but I'm thinking it is, in itself, an edited document. JZ: based on textual definition of edited document, it can be defined as N&S. I prefer to leave questionnaire as a document now. We can add more restrictions in the future and use that to determine it is an edited document or not. Need to clarify if this is a document or a directive information entity (or what their connection is)) PERSON: Jessica Turner Merriam-Webster questionnaire environmental control device A growth chamber is an environmental control device. An environmental control device is a device which has the function to control some aspect of the environment such as temperature, or humidity. Helen Parkinson OBI environmental control device autoclave A device that is used to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure steam at 121 C or more, typically for 15 to 20 minutes depending on the size of the load and the contents. PERSON: Erik Segerdell J. Black, Microbiology, Prentice Hall (1993) pg. 334; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoclave autoclave categorical value specification A value specification that is specifies one category out of a fixed number of nominal categories PERSON:Bjoern Peters categorical value specification value specification The value of 'positive' in a classification scheme of "positive or negative"; the value of '20g' on the quantitative scale of mass. An information content entity that specifies a value within a classification scheme or on a quantitative scale. This term is currently a descendant of 'information content entity', which requires that it 'is about' something. A value specification of '20g' for a measurement data item of the mass of a particular mouse 'is about' the mass of that mouse. However there are cases where a value specification is not clearly about any particular. In the future we may change 'value specification' to remove the 'is about' requirement. PERSON:Bjoern Peters value specification collection of specimens Blood cells collected from multiple donors over the course of a study. A material entity that has two or more specimens as its parts. Details see tracker: https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/778/ Person: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng OBIB, OBI Biobank collection of specimens histologic grade according to AJCC 7th edition G1:Well differentiated G4: Undifferentiated A categorical value specification that is a histologic grade assigned to a tumor slide specimen according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th Edition grading system. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB histologic grade according to AJCC 7th edition histologic grade according to the Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System A categorical value specification that is a histologic grade assigned to a tumor slide specimen according to the Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Histologic Grade (Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB histologic grade according to the Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System histologic grade for ovarian tumor A categorical value specification that is a histologic grade assigned to a ovarian tumor. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB histologic grade for ovarian tumor histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to a two-tier grading system A histologic grade for ovarian tumor that is from a two-tier histological classification of tumors. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to a two-tier grading system histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to the World Health Organization A histologic grade for ovarian tumor that is from a histological classification by the World Health Organization (WHO). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to the World Health Organization pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of colorectal cancer following the rules of the TNM American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) version 7 classification system as they pertain to staging of the primary tumor. TNM pathologic primary tumor findings are based on clinical findings supplemented by histopathologic examination of one or more tissue specimens acquired during surgery. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis pT: Pathologic spread colorectal primary tumor (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of lung cancer following the rules of the TNM American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) version 7 classification system as they pertain to staging of the primary tumor. TNM pathologic primary tumor findings are based on clinical findings supplemented by histopathologic examination of one or more tissue specimens acquired during surgery. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis pT: Pathologic spread lung primary tumor (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of renal cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to staging of the primary tumor. TNM pathologic primary tumor findings are based on clinical findings supplemented by histopathologic examination of one or more tissue specimens acquired during surgery. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis pT: Pathologic spread kidney primary tumor (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of ovarian cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to staging of the primary tumor. TNM pathologic primary tumor findings are based on clinical findings supplemented by histopathologic examination of one or more tissue specimens acquired during surgery. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis pT: Pathologic spread ovarian primary tumor (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of colorectal cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to staging of regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis pN: Pathologic spread colon lymph nodes (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic lymph node stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of lung cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to staging of regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis pN: Pathologic spread colon lymph nodes (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic lymph node stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic lymph node stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of renal cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to staging of regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis pN: Pathologic spread kidney lymph nodes (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic lymph node stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic lymph node stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of ovarian cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to staging of regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis pN: Pathologic spread ovarian lymph nodes (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic lymph node stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of colon cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to distant metastases. TNM pathologic distant metastasis findings are based on clinical findings supplemented by histopathologic examination of one or more tissue specimens acquired during surgery. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis M: colon distant metastases (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of lung cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to distant metastases. TNM pathologic distant metastasis findings are based on clinical findings supplemented by histopathologic examination of one or more tissue specimens acquired during surgery. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis M: lung distant metastases (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic distant metastases stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of renal cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to distant metastases. TNM pathologic distant metastasis findings are based on clinical findings supplemented by histopathologic examination of one or more tissue specimens acquired during surgery. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis M: kidney distant Metastases (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic distant metastases stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition pathologic distant metastases stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of ovarian cancer following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as they pertain to distant metastases. TNM pathologic distant metastasis findings are based on clinical findings supplemented by histopathologic examination of one or more tissue specimens acquired during surgery. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis M: ovarian distant metastases (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB pathologic distant metastases stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition A categorical value specification that is an assessment of the stage of a cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) v7 staging systems. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Clinical tumor stage group (AJCC 7th Edition) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification A categorical value specification that is an assessment of the stage of a gynecologic cancer according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging systems. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Clinical FIGO stage NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification A categorical value specification that is a pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of ovarian cancer following the rules of the FIGO classification system. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Pathologic Tumor Stage Grouping for ovarian cancer (FIGO) NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification performance status value specification A categorical value specification that is an assessment of a participant's performance status (general well-being and activities of daily life). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Performance Status Scale https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_status NCI BBRB performance status value specification Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score value specification A performance status value specification designed by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group to assess disease progression and its affect on the daily living abilities of the patient. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis ECOG score NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score value specification Karnofsky score vaue specification A performance status value specification designed for classifying patients 16 years of age or older by their functional impairment. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Karnofsky Score NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB Karnofsky score vaue specification material supplier A person or organization that provides material supplies to other people or organizations. Rebecca Jackson https://github.com/obi-ontology/obi/issues/1289 material supplier organism animal fungus plant virus A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. 10/21/09: This is a placeholder term, that should ideally be imported from the NCBI taxonomy, but the high level hierarchy there does not suit our needs (includes plasmids and 'other organisms') 13-02-2009: OBI doesn't take position as to when an organism starts or ends being an organism - e.g. sperm, foetus. This issue is outside the scope of OBI. GROUP: OBI Biomaterial Branch WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism organism specimen Biobanking of blood taken and stored in a freezer for potential future investigations stores specimen. A material entity that has the specimen role. Note: definition is in specimen creation objective which is defined as an objective to obtain and store a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra GROUP: OBI Biomaterial Branch specimen data transformation The application of a clustering protocol to microarray data or the application of a statistical testing method on a primary data set to determine a p-value. A planned process that produces output data from input data. Elisabetta Manduchi Helen Parkinson James Malone Melanie Courtot Philippe Rocca-Serra Richard Scheuermann Ryan Brinkman Tina Hernandez-Boussard data analysis data processing Branch editors data transformation leave one out cross validation method The authors conducted leave-one-out cross validation to estimate the strength and accuracy of the differentially expressed filtered genes. http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/19/3/368 is a data transformation : leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) involves using a single observation from the original sample as the validation data, and the remaining observations as the training data. This is repeated such that each observation in the sample is used once as the validation data 2009-11-10. Tracker: https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=2893049&group_id=177891&atid=886178 Person:Helen Parkinson leave one out cross validation method k-means clustering A k-means clustering is a data transformation which achieves a class discovery or partitioning objective, which takes as input a collection of objects (represented as points in multidimensional space) and which partitions them into a specified number k of clusters. The algorithm attempts to find the centers of natural clusters in the data. The most common form of the algorithm starts by partitioning the input points into k initial sets, either at random or using some heuristic data. It then calculates the mean point, or centroid, of each set. It constructs a new partition by associating each point with the closest centroid. Then the centroids are recalculated for the new clusters, and the algorithm repeated by alternate applications of these two steps until convergence, which is obtained when the points no longer switch clusters (or alternatively centroids are no longer changed). Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Philippe Rocca-Serra WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-means k-means clustering hierarchical clustering A hierarchical clustering is a data transformation which achieves a class discovery objective, which takes as input data item and builds a hierarchy of clusters. The traditional representation of this hierarchy is a tree (visualized by a dendrogram), with the individual input objects at one end (leaves) and a single cluster containing every object at the other (root). James Malone WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_clustering#Hierarchical_clustering hierarchical clustering dimensionality reduction A dimensionality reduction is data partitioning which transforms each input m-dimensional vector (x_1, x_2, ..., x_m) into an output n-dimensional vector (y_1, y_2, ..., y_n), where n is smaller than m. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Melanie Courtot Philippe Rocca-Serra data projection PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot dimensionality reduction principal components analysis dimensionality reduction A principal components analysis dimensionality reduction is a dimensionality reduction achieved by applying principal components analysis and by keeping low-order principal components and excluding higher-order ones. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Melanie Courtot Philippe Rocca-Serra pca data reduction PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot principal components analysis dimensionality reduction data visualization Generation of a heatmap from a microarray dataset An planned process that creates images, diagrams or animations from the input data. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Melanie Courtot Tina Boussard data encoding as image visualization PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Tina Boussard Possible future hierarchy might include this: information_encoding >data_encoding >>image_encoding data visualization data transformation objective normalize objective An objective specification to transformation input data into output data Modified definition in 2013 Philly OBI workshop James Malone PERSON: James Malone data transformation objective partitioning data transformation A partitioning data transformation is a data transformation that has objective partitioning. James Malone PERSON: James Malone partitioning data transformation partitioning objective A k-means clustering which has partitioning objective is a data transformation in which the input data is partitioned into k output sets. A partitioning objective is a data transformation objective where the aim is to generate a collection of disjoint non-empty subsets whose union equals a non-empty input set. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi partitioning objective class discovery data transformation A class discovery data transformation (sometimes called unsupervised classification) is a data transformation that has objective class discovery. James Malone clustering data transformation unsupervised classification data transformation PERSON: James Malone class discovery data transformation class discovery objective A class discovery objective (sometimes called unsupervised classification) is a data transformation objective where the aim is to organize input data (typically vectors of attributes) into classes, where the number of classes and their specifications are not known a priori. Depending on usage, the class assignment can be definite or probabilistic. James Malone clustering objective discriminant analysis objective unsupervised classification objective PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone class discovery objective class prediction objective A class prediction objective (sometimes called supervised classification) is a data transformation objective where the aim is to create a predictor from training data through a machine learning technique. The training data consist of pairs of objects (typically vectors of attributes) and class labels for these objects. The resulting predictor can be used to attach class labels to any valid novel input object. Depending on usage, the prediction can be definite or probabilistic. A classification is learned from the training data and can then be tested on test data. James Malone classification objective supervised classification objective PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone class prediction objective cross validation objective A cross validation objective is a data transformation objective in which the aim is to partition a sample of data into subsets such that the analysis is initially performed on a single subset, while the other subset(s) are retained for subsequent use in confirming and validating the initial analysis. James Malone rotation estimation objective WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_validation cross validation objective clustered data visualization A data visualization which has input of a clustered data set and produces an output of a report graph which is capable of rendering data of this type. James Malone clustered data visualization A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities PATO:0000001 quality A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities PATOC:GVG concentration of A quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with another substance. concentration of morphology A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. morphology length A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. length temperature A physical quality of the thermal energy of a system. temperature physical quality A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. physical quality pressure A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of force per unit area it exerts. pressure physical object quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. physical object quality electromagnetic (EM) radiation quality A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. electromagnetic (EM) radiation quality optical quality An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. optical quality quality of a solid A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting the physical characteristics of an entity characterized by particles arranged such that their shape and volume are relatively stable. quality of a solid quality of a liquid A physical quality inhering in an entity exhibiting the physical characteristics of an amorphous (non-crystalline) form of matter between a gas and a solid that has a definite volume, but no definite shape. quality of a liquid radiation quality A quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with radiation. radiation quality molecular quality A quality which inheres in a molecular entity, a single molecule, atom, ion, radical etc. molecular quality quality of a substance A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of its constitution. quality of a substance length unit A unit which is a standard measure of the distance between two points. length unit mass unit A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of matter/energy of a physical object. mass unit time unit A unit which is a standard measure of the dimension in which events occur in sequence. time unit temperature unit temperature unit substance unit substance unit concentration unit concentration unit volume unit volume unit frequency unit frequency unit volumetric flow rate unit volumetric flow rate unit rate unit rate unit uncurated In relation to optical measuring methods a rating for the precision of a reconstructed measurement object is quality measurement (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000221 - m is a quality measurement of q at t. When q is a quality, there is a measurement process p that has specified output m, a measurement datum, that is about q). TIB terminological service. 18.08.2022 measurement quality [imr] quality definded rigid Object based as result of an extrusion process extrudate [imr] material entity geometry [imr] quality uncurated A coherent set of direct positions in space. The positions are held within a Spatial Reference System (SRS). http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#Geometry English 18.08.2022 geosparql geometry [geosparql] quality A gathering of individual points with an with an unstructured spatial structure point cloud [imr] information content entity geometrical method to determine distances between to points triangulation [imr] plan specification uncurated mm millimeter [imr] millimeter [imr] quality uncurated "A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of a meter or 10^[-3] m." [NIST:NIST] mm MILLIMETER Millimeter millimeter(s) millimeter https://ontobee.org/ontology/UO?iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UO_0000016 English 18.08.2022 mm Imported from ontocomons, also present in TIB terminological service NIST (OntoCommons) millimeter [nist] millimeter [nist] quality uppermost layer of the extrudate surface of extrudate [imr] immaterial entity cutout of a single line of the extrudate surface line in the surface of extrudate [imr] immaterial entity uncurated https://ontobee.org/ontology/PATO?iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 English 15.08.2022 PATO shape [imr] immaterial entity uncurated The spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25677 English 18.08.2022 NCI shape [ncit] immaterial entity uncurated A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 English 18.08.2022 PATO shape [pato] immaterial entity use of different algorithms to determine the exact allignment respectively the characteristik shared edges stitching process [imr] process alligning of single measurements to form a connected/combined measurement stitching method [imr] plan specification distance between sensor and extrudate [imr] quality ideal dimensions and shape of the extrudate defined by the manufacturer extrudate norm [imr] information content entity uncurated a quantity expressing by how much the members of a group differ from the mean value for the group 15.08.2021 standard deviation [imr] information content entity The standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values. [Wikipedia] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/result#AFR_0002192 from ontocommons skos:definition standard deviation [Wikipedia] uncurated A measure of the range of values in a set of numbers. Standard deviation is a statistic used as a measure of the dispersion or variation in a distribution, equal to the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the deviations from the arithmetic mean. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C53322 English 18.08.2022 TIB terminological service NCIT standard deviation [ncit] information content entity "The interior (intrinsic) orientation of a camera comprises all instrumental and mathematical elements which completely describe the imaging model within the camera. By taking proper account of the interior orientation, the real camera conforms to the pinhole camera model. It is a requirement of the model that there exists a reproducible image coordinate system so that geometric image values, such as measured image coordinates, can be transformed into the physical-mathematical imaging model." (Luhmann et al. 2020: 162). A standard model of describing the interior orientation was proposed by D.C. Brown (1971) Luhmann, Robson, Kyle & Boehm (2020): Close-Range Photogrammetry and 3D Imaging, 3rd ed. De Gruyter: Berlin, Boston 0 interior orientation [jade] information content entity "The camera coordinate system has its origin at the perspective centre of the image. It is further defined by reference features fixed in the camera (fiducial marks, réseau, sensor system). It can therefore be reconstructed from the image and related to an image measuring device" (Luhmann et al. 2020: 278) Luhmann, Robson, Kyle & Boehm (2020): Close-Range Photogrammetry and 3D Imaging, 3rd ed. De Gruyter: Berlin, Boston camera coordinate system [jade] quality "The exterior orientation consists of six parameters which describe the spatial position and orientation of the camera coordinate system with respect to the global object coordinate system" (Luhmann et al. 2020: 277) Luhmann, Robson, Kyle & Boehm (2020): Close-Range Photogrammetry and 3D Imaging, 3rd ed. De Gruyter: Berlin, Boston exterior orientation [jade] information content entity "The photogrammetric determination of the parameters of interior orientation is usually referred to as calibration. This is based on the idea that once a mechanically stable camera is calibrated, it may be moved from one image taking location to another whilst retaining its calibration." (Luhmann, Robson et al. 2020: 170) Luhmann, Robson, Kyle & Boehm (2020): Close-Range Photogrammetry and 3D Imaging, 3rd ed. De Gruyter: Berlin, Boston camera calibration [jade] quality "Bundle adjustment [...] is a method for the simultaneous numerical fit of an unlimited number of spatially distributed images (bundles of rays). It makes use of photogrammetric observations (measured image points), survey observations and an object coordinate system. Using tie points, single images are merged into a global model in which the object surface can be reconstructed in three dimensions." (Luhmann et al. 2020: 349f.) bundle triangulation, bundle block adjustment, multi-image triangulation, multi-image orientation Luhmann, Robson, Kyle & Boehm (2020): Close-Range Photogrammetry and 3D Imaging, 3rd ed. De Gruyter: Berlin, Boston bundle adjustment [jade] plan specification An agent is a system that perceives its environment through sensors and can interact with it through actions. Agent agent [ita] role uncurated An active power or cause (as principle, substance, physical or biological factor, etc.) that produces a specific effect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C1708 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT agent [ncti] role uncurated Approximation is a technique for approximating a value using historical or available observations from the domain. Luis Ramos English Approximationsmethode approximation [ita] plan specification uncurated Function approximation is a technique for estimating an unknown underlying function using historical or available observations from the domain. Luis Ramos English Funktionsapproximationsmethode function approximation [ita] plan specification uncurated Reinforcement learning is a set of machine learning methods in which an agent autonomously learns a strategy to maximize a reward. Algorithms follow the trail-and-error principle, thus try several strategies and repeat those with a higher reward. During the training the agent produces an input, while the target output is only known to a teacher. The teacher gives feedback to the agent in form of a reward. Luis Ramos English bestärkendes Lernen reinforcement learning [ita] plan specification uncurated Libraries in programming languages are collections of prewritten code that users can use to optimize tasks. Luis Ramos English Bibliothek library [ita] information content entity uncurated Clustering or cluster analysis is a unsupervised machine learning technique, which groups the unlabelled dataset. It can be defined as a way of grouping the data points into different clusters, consisting of similar data points. Luis Ramos English Clusteranalyse cluster analysis [ita] plan specification uncurated Methods for grouping objects into subsets such that those within each cluster are more closely related to one another than objects assigned to different clusters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15426 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT cluster analysis [ncti] plan specification uncurated A Database is a System for describing, storing and retrieving large amounts of data. Luis Ramos English Data Mining data mining [ita] plan specification uncurated An information set with a regular structure. Although it can be applied to any set of information the term was invented to refer to computerized data, and is used almost exclusively in computing. http://edamontology.org/topic_3473 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 http://edamontology.org EDAM data mining [edam] plan specification uncurated A Database is a System for describing, storing and retrieving large amounts of data. ITA English Datenbank database [ita] material entity uncurated An information set with a regular structure. Although it can be applied to any set of information the term was invented to refer to computerized data, and is used almost exclusively in computing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15426 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI database [ncti] material entity uncurated Deep learning is a class of machine learning algorithms that uses multiple layers to progressively extract higher-level features from the raw input. There is no universally agreed-upon threshold of depth that divides shallow learning from deep learning, but most researchers agree that deep learning involves CAP depth higher than 2. The CAP (credit assignment path) is the chain of transformations from input to output. CAPs describe potentially causal connections between input and output. For simple neural networks (feedforward neural networks) this treshhold is reached with at least two hidden layers. English Deep Learning deep learning [ita] plan specification uncurated A subset of machine learning that is part of the broader family of machine learning methodologies based on artificial neural networks. A deep neural network has multiple layers between input and output layers to progressively extract higher level features from the raw input. (After DeepAI Machine Learning Glossary and Terms) [ NCI ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C176258 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI deep learning [ncti] plan specification uncurated The input layer of a neural network is composed of artificial input neurons, and brings the initial data into the system for further processing by subsequent layers of artificial neurons. The input layer is the very beginning of the workflow for the artificial neural network. English Eingangsvektor input layer [ita] information content entity uncurated Elastomers are dimensionally stable but elastically deformable plastics. They are producest by vulcanization of rubber. English Elastomere elastomers [ita] material entity uncurated The output layer in an artificial neural network is the last layer of neurons that produces given outputs for the program. English Ergebnisvektor output layer [ita] information content entity uncurated Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile by pushing material through a die of the desired cross-section. English Extrusion extrusion [ita] process uncurated A transformation in which an atom or group Y connected to two other atoms or groups X and Z is lost from a molecule, leading to a product in which X is bonded to Z, e.g. X-Y-Z --> X-Z + Y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/REX_0000100 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/rex.owl REX extrusion [rex] process uncurated A process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile by forcing or drawing a material through a die. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0001613 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl CHMO extrusion [chmo] process uncurated In neural networks, a hidden layer is located between the input and output of the algorithm, in which the function applies weights to the inputs and directs them through an activation function as the output. In short, the hidden layers perform nonlinear transformations of the inputs entered into the network. English Hidden-Layer hidden layer [ita] information content entity uncurated Industrie 4.0 is the intelligent networking of machines and processes in the industrial environment, with the help of information and communication technology and thus digitization of the industrial production. English Industrie 4.0 Industrie 4.0 [ita] plan specification uncurated Rubber is an elastic substance made either from the juice of particular tropical trees or artificially. It is raw material for car tires and other technical products. English Kautschuk rubber [ita] material entity uncurated Artifical intelligence is a branch of computer science dealing with the automation of intelligent behavior. Can be used in technical areas as methods of machine learning. English Artificial Intelligence (AI) [ita] Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) plan specification uncurated Artificial intelligence is the branch of computer science that deals with writing computer programs that can solve problems creatively. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16309 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI Artificial Intelligence (AI) [ncti] plan specification uncurated Machine learning is a sub-area of ​​artificial intelligence that deals with artificial systems that adapt their actions to external conditions so that their output is improved according to defined standards. For this purpose, algorithms build a model based on training data. The algorithms does not learn to memorize, but uses patterns and laws, so the systems can also process unknown data. The learning algorithms are divided into supervised learning, unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning. English machine learning [ita] maschinelles Lernen plan specification uncurated A computing system (inspired by biological neural networks) that learns (progressively improves its ability) to do tasks by considering examples without task-specific programming. (After DeepAI Machine Learning Glossary and Terms) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C176231 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT machine learning [ncti] plan specification uncurated A planned process in which statistical techniques are used to give computers the ability to learn about patterns in data, without being explicitly programmed. Learning is defined in this case as progressively improving performance on a specific task. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0002587 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl OBI machine learning [obi] plan specification uncurated A topic concerning the application of artificial intelligence methods to algorithms, in order to create methods that can learn from data in order to generate an ouput, rather than relying on explicitly encoded information only. http://edamontology.org/topic_3474 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://edamontology.org EDAM machine learning [edam] plan specification uncurated Microcontrollers are compact integrated circuits designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded system. Typically a microcontroller includes a processor, memory and input/output peripherals on a single chip. English Mikrocontroller microcontroller [ita] material entity uncurated Mixing is the first of the three areas of an extrusion line, where the input material is homogenized and mixed. This occurs within a screw element through shearing and mixing of the input material. English Mischen mixing [ita] process uncurated The combining of components, particles or layers into a more homogeneous state. The mixing may be achieved manually or mechanically by shifting the material with stirrers or pumps or by revolving or shaking the container. The process μst not permit segregation of particles of different size or properties. Homogeneity may be considered to have been achieved in a practical sense when the sampling error of the processed portion is negligible compared to the total error of the measurement system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0001685 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl CHMO mixing [chmo] process uncurated To bring or combine together or with something else; add as an additional element or part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C64925 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI mixing [ncti] process uncurated Pattern recognition is the automated recognition of patterns and regularities in data. Pattern recognition has its origins in statistics and engineering; some modern approches include the use of machine learning, due to the increased availability of big data and a new abundance of processing power. English Mustererkennung pattern recognition [ita] plan specification uncurated A branch of artificial intelligence concerned with the identification of visual or audio patterns by computers.For the computer to recognize the patterns, the patterns must be converted into digital signals and compared with patterns already stored in memory.Some uses of this technology are in character recognition, voice recognition, handwriting recognition, and robotics. (High-Tech Dictionary) [ NCI ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16961 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI pattern recognition [ncti] plan specification uncurated Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are based on a reduced set of concepts from biological neural systems. It is composed of different Layeres, an input layer, one or more hidden layers and an output layer. Each layer consists of several artificial neurons. The connections of the biological neuron are modeled in artificial neural networks as weights between the artificial neurons. A positive weight reflects an excitatory connection, while negative values mean inhibitory connections. An activation function controls the amplitude of the output. They can be used to model complex relationships between inputs and outputs or to find patterns in data. Thereby ANNs can be trained by machine learning techniques to approximate a function, when the complexity of the data or task makes the design of such function by hand impractical. Other tasks in which ANNs can be trained are classification, including pattern recognition, clustering and Data processing, including clustering. English neural network [ita] neuronales Netz plan specification uncurated A computer algorithm to solve non-linear optimization problems. The algorithm was derived in analogy to the way the densely interconnected, parallel structure of the brain processes information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17429 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI neural network [ncti] plan specification uncurated Online characterisation is the characterization of the material properties during the process and on the real process line in order to be able to react to fluctuations during production. English Online-Charakterisierung online characterisation [ita] process uncurated In online optimization decisions are made directly in the real process section and without knowledge of future results. Also often the data of the problem instance is not complete. English Online-Optimierung online optimization [ita] process uncurated Optimizers are algorithms or methods used to solve optimization problems by minimize an error function (loss function) or to maximize the efficiency of production. Optimizers are mathematical functions which are dependent on model's learnable parameters i.e Weights & Biases. English Optimierungsmethoden optimization [ita] process uncurated An activity that attempts to find the best solution to a problem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C78561 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI optimization [ncti] process uncurated Production-in-the-Loop describes a method, in which information from the production process is continuously recorded and the process is adapted to the changing framework conditions on the basis of this information. English Production-in-the-Loop [ita] Production-in-the-loop plan specification uncurated Regression analysis consists of a set of machine learning methods that allow us to predict a continuous outcome variable (y) based on the value of one or multiple predictor variables (x). Regression is a supervised learning technique, in which Algorithems build a mathematical Modell or equation that defines y as a funktion of x. English Regressionsanalyse regression analysis [ita] plan specification uncurated A simulation environment is a virtual environment that maps/models the real process. A simulation model thus makes it possible to train control tasks using learning algorithms offline, i.e. not on the real system but on the computer. Neural networks can be used to create such model. English Simulationsumgebung simulation environment [ita] material entity uncurated The test dataset is a subset of the dataset that is held back from training the model and given to the learning algorithm to test the trained model. Typically it consists of 20% to 30% of the original dataset. It is the sample of data used to provide an unbiased evaluation of a final model fit on the training dataset. English Test-Dataset test dataset [ita] information content entity uncurated The train dataset is a subset of the dataset that is given to the learning algorithm to train a model. Typically it consists of 70% to 80% of the original dataset. It is the sample of data used to fit the model. English Train-Dataset train dataset [ita] information content entity uncurated Supervised learning is the machine learning task of learning a function that maps an input to an output based on example input-output pairs. It infers a function from labeled training data consisting of a set of training examples. In supervised learning, each example is a pair consisting of an input object (typically a vector) and a desired output value (target). English supervised learning [ita] überwachtes Lernen plan specification uncurated A machine learning process using a function that maps an input to an output based on example input-output pairs. It infers a function from labeled training data consisting of a set of training examples. supervised machine learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0002588 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl OBI supervised learning [obi] plan specification uncurated Unsupervised learning is a type of algorithm that learns patterns from untagged data. The hope is that through mimicry, which is an important mode of learning in people, the machine is forced to build a compact internal representation of its world and then generate imaginative content from it. Unsupervised methods exhibit self-organization that captures patterns as probability densities or a combination of neural feature preferences. English unsupervised learning [ita] unüberwachtes Lernen plan specification uncurated A machine learning process that infers a function describing the structure of "unlabeled" data (i.e. data that has not been classified or categorized). unsupervised machine learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0002589 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl OBI unsupervised learning [obi] plan specification uncurated The validation dataset is the sample of data used to provide an unbiased evaluation of a model fit on the training dataset while tuning model hyperparameters. The evaluation becomes more biased as skill on the validation dataset is incorporated into the model configuration. English Validation-Dataset validation dataset [ita] information content entity uncurated Validation data is to "validate" that your neural network hasn't rather memorized your training data and has thus actually learned some meaningful aspects of the data so that the model can be later used (generalized) to unseen, held-out "test dataset". English Validierung validation [ita] process uncurated The act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16237 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI validation [ncti] process uncurated a planned process with objective to check that the accuracy or the quality of a claim or prediction satisfies some criteria and which is assessed by comparing with independent results http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0302911 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl OBI validation [obi] process uncurated Validate some data. http://edamontology.org/operation_2428 Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://edamontology.org EDAM validation [edam] process uncurated Rolling is the second of the three areas of the extrusion line. Where the material is homogenised. English Walzen rolling [ita] process uncurated Twin screw extruders have two screws, which have more shear and mixing capability than the single screw in a singel screw extruder. Depending on the direction of rotation of the screws, a distinction is made between counter-rotating and co-rotating twin-screw extruders. English Zweischneckenextruder twin screw extruder [ita] material entity uncurated Control variable that specifies at which temperature mixing takes place. English Mischungstemperatur Mixing temperature [ita] quality uncurated Rücksprache DIK English Stamp pressure [ita] Stemepeldruck quality uncurated Control value that specifies at which speed mixing takes place English Drehzahl (Mischer) rotation speed (Mixer) [ita] quality uncurated Control value that specifies how long mixing takes place English Mischzeit Mixing time [ita] quality uncurated Measured variable that indicates how high the torque is during mixing. English Drehmoment (Mischer) Torque (mixer) [ita] quality uncurated Torque is the effectiveness of a force to produce rotation about an axis, measured by the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis. http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/Torque Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2 OM Torque (mixer) [om] quality uncurated Control variable that indicates how high the speed of the screw is during extrusion. English Schneckendrezahl Screw speed [ita] quality uncurated Measured variable that indicates how high the torque of the screw is during extrusion. English Schneckendrehmoment Screw torque [ita] quality uncurated Control variable that indicates how high the temperature of the screw is during extrusion. English Temperierung Schnecke Tempering screw [ita] quality uncurated Control variable that indicates how high the temperature of the feed roller is during extrusion. English Temperierung Speisewalze Tempering Feed roller [ita] quality uncurated Control variable that indicates how high the temperature of the cylinder is during extrusion. English Temperierung Zylinder Tempering cylinder [ita] quality uncurated Measured variable that indicates how high the pressure in the cylinder is during extrusion. English Cylinder pressure [ita] Zylinderdruck quality uncurated Control variable that indicates how high the temperature of the tool is during extrusion. English Tempering Tool [ita] Temperiung Werkzeug quality uncurated Measured variable that indicates how high the pressure in the tool is during extrusion. English Tool pressure [ita] Werkzeugdruck quality uncurated Measured variable that indicates what the temperature is at the surface of the material. English Near-surface mass temperature in the tool [ita] Oberflächennahe Massentemperatur im Werkzeug quality uncurated Measured variable that indicates how the temperature is distributed radially over the screw channel. English Radial temperature profile of the mixture in the screw channel [ita] Radiales Temperaturprofil der Mischung im Schneckenkanal quality uncurated System parameter that indicates how large the outlet surface of the rubber is. English Austrittsfläche Outlet surface [ita] quality uncurated The throughput indicates how many kilograms of rubber are extruded in a given unit of time. English Durchsatz Throughput [ita] quality A class of units in the system under study (e.g, machines, spare parts) collection of material entities [hsh] material entity A circumstance, fact, or influence that contributes to the costs associated with an entity (e.g., wages, number) factor [hsh] faktor [hsh] information content entity uncurated Anything that contributes causally to a result. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25506 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 NCTI factor [ncti] faktor [ncti] information content entity uncurated A data item that is a member of a minimal set of independent variables that can be used to model the dependent reponses in a set of related experiments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PROCO_0000005 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 PROCO factor [proco] faktor [proco] information content entity uncurated A multiplicand in a mathematical product expression. [Allotrope] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/result#AFR_0000924> English 15.08.2022 skos:definition allotrope factor [allotrope] faktor [allotrope] information content entity Cumulative expression for the value of all costs groups within the system under study cost [hsh] kosten [hsh] information content entity uncurated The amount paid, charged, or engaged to be paid, for purchasing goods, services and financial instruments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C69088 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 NCTI cost [ncti] kosten [ncti] information content entity Cumulative expression for the value of overarching entity groups (e.g., human ressource, maintenance) within the system under study cost group [hsh] kostengruppe [hsh] information content entity A cost group for all cost values occuring from entity sub-groups in the human ressource cost group and the associated factors human ressource cost [hsh] personalkosten [hsh] information content entity A cost group for all cost values occuring from entity sub-groups in the maintenance cost group and the associated factors maintenance cost [hsh] wartungskosten [hsh] information content entity A cost group for all cost values occuring from entity sub-groups in the energy cost group and the associated factors energiekosten [hsh] energy cost [hsh] information content entity A cost group for all cost values occuring from entity sub-groups in the material cost group and the associated factors material cost [hsh] materialkosten [hsh] information content entity A cost group for all cost values occuring from entity sub-groups in the storage cost group and the associated factors lagerhaltungskosten [hsh] storage cost [hsh] information content entity A cost group for all cost values occuring from entity sub-groups in the production cost group and the associated factors production cost [hsh] produktionskosten [hsh] information content entity A cost group for all cost values occuring from entity sub-groups in the investment cost group and the associated factors investitionskosten [hsh] investment cost [hsh] information content entity A cost group for all cost values occuring from entity sub-groups in the waste management cost group and the associated factors abfallmanagementkosten [hsh] waste management cost [hsh] information content entity A cost group for the total sales value generated in a time period X by the system under investigation turnover [hsh] umsatz [hsh] information content entity An apparatus using mechanical power and having several parts, each with a definite function and together performing a particular task, required for operations in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity in the maintenance cost, energy cost, production cost, investment cost and turnover cost group. machine [hsh] maschine [hsh] material entity The state of an unit within an individual entity sub-group with regard to its working order (e.g., good, defective, not working). condition [hsh] zustand [hsh] quality uncurated A state of being, such as a state of health. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25457 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 NCIT condition [ncti] zustand [ncti] quality uncurated The shapes that the focus nodes need to conform to before a rule is executed on them. http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#condition Luis Ramos English 22.08.2023 22.08.2023 shacl condition [shacl] zustand [shacl] quality uncurated Used to specify ranges for qualities that act as conditions on a system/sensor's operation. For example, wind speed of 10-60m/s may be used as the condition on a SystemProperty, for example, to state that a sensor has a particular accuracy in that http://www.w3.org/ns/ssn/systems/Condition Luis Ramos English 22.08.2024 22.08.2024 ssn condition [ssn] zustand [ssn] quality The basic materials from which a finished product is made in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity in the material cost and waste management cost group. raw material [hsh] rohmaterial [hsh] material entity Processed raw materials that are not used for final consumption but as input for the production of finished goods in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity in the material cost and waste management cost group. halbfabrikat [hsh] semi-finished product [hsh] material entity The product that emerges at the end of the production process of the system under study. Constitutes an entity in the material cost, production cost, and waste management cost group. endprodukt [hsh] finished product [hsh] material entity A duplicate part to replace a lost or damaged part of a machine entity unit in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the wear parts entity. ersatzteil [hsh] spare parts [hsh] material entity Parts pf a machine entity unit that are bound to wear out with repetitive use and will require periodic repair or replacement based on maintenance interval in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity of the maintenance cost and material cost group. verschleißteil [hsh] wear parts [hsh] material entity Materials used to wrap or protect raw materials, semi-finished products, and finished products. packaging [hsh] verpackung [hsh] material entity A person who operates a machine entity unit in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity of the human resource and the production cost group. operator [hsh] operator [hsh] role uncurated A person that operates some apparatus or machine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C48036 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 NCTI operator [ncti] operator [ncti] role A person who supervises and coordinates the work of employees who set up and operate machine entity units in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity of the human ressource and the production cost group. supervisor [hsh] supervisor [hsh] role uncurated An individual who is responsible for managing or operating a business, organization, team or department. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C134832 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 NCTI supervisor [ncti] supervisor [ncti] role uncurated Designated administrator over one or more groups/teams working to produce a resource, or over one or more steps of a development process http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Supervisor Luis Ramos English 22.08.2023 22.08.2023 m4i supervisor [m4i] supervisor [m4i] role A person who supports an operator in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity of the human ressource and the production cost group. hilfskraft [hsh] operational assistant [hsh] role A person who handles a company's incoming and outgoing raw materials, semi-finished prodcuts as well as finished products, and who manages stocks in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity of the human ressource and the storage cost group. lagerist [hsh] warehouse clerk [hsh] role A person who monitors the quality of incoming and outgoing products or materials in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity of the human ressource and the production cost group. quality inspector [hsh] qualitätsprüfer [hsh] role A mode of transport that is employed to transport raw materials, semi-finished goods and finished goods within the system under investigation. conveyor vehicle [hsh] fördermittel [hsh] material entity A maintenance metric that measures the average amount of time a non-repairable asset operates before it fails in the system under investigation. Constitutes a factor of the maintenance cost group. mean time to failure [hsh] mittlere zeit bis zum ausfall [hsh] information content entity A maintenance metric that measures the average time required to troubleshoot and repair failed equipment. Constitutes a factor of the maintenance cost group. mean time to repair [hsh] mittlere reperaturdauer [hsh] information content entity The schedule for all anticipated maintenance activities regarding machine entites within the system under investigation. Constitutes a factor of the maintenance cost group. maintenance interval [hsh] wartungsintevall [hsh] information content entity uncurated Type of planning time: Fixed time interval for the scheduled maintenance of a technical system or its parts. http://iirds.tekom.de/iirds#MaintenanceInterval English 15.08.2022 rdfs:comment iiRDS maintenance interval [iirds] wartungsintevall information content entity The averafe time that is required to conduct scheduled maintenance activities for a machine entity unit. Constitutes a factor of the maintenance cost group. maintenance duration [hsh] wartungsdauer [hsh] information content entity The amount of electricity (kw/h) that is consumed by all entities in the system under investigation. Constitutes a factor of the energy cost, storage cost and production cost group. energy consumption [hsh] stromverbrauch [hsh] information content entity The expenditure that incurs for acquiring a single unit of an entity sub-group in the system under investigation. Constitutes a factor of the maintenance cost, material cost, and storage cost group. stückkosten [hsh] unit cost [hsh] information content entity The facility where the operations of the system under investigation are conducted. Constitutes an entity of the energy cost group. add location as top-level category building [hsh] gebäude [hsh] material entity uncurated Any kind of building (e.g. an institute building) https://www.materials.fraunhofer.de/ontologies/BWMD_ontology/mid#BWMD_00027 Luis Ramos English 16.08.2022 16.08.2022 rdfs:comment BWMD building [bwmd] gebäude material entity uncurated A building (site) is a site located in a structure with a roof and walls. [Allotrope] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/spatial#AFSP_0000003 Luis Ramos English 16.08.2022 16.08.2022 skos:definition allotrope building [allotrope] gebäude material entity uncurated A structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C80231 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 NCIT building [ncit] gebäude material entity uncurated A permanent walled and roofed construction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000073 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 ENVO building [envo] gebäude material entity The amount of raw materials, semi-finisehd products or finished products passing through a machine entity in the time X in the system under investigation. durchsatz [hsh] throughput [hsh] information content entity All costs that are derived from costs groups encompassing overhead charges or subsidiary work. indirect cost [hsh] indirekte kosten [hsh] information content entity All costs that are derived from costs groups that are directly related to the production of finished goods in the system under study. direct cost [hsh] direkte kosten [hsh] information content entity uncurated Costs that can be identified with a particular project or program. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19579 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 NCTI direct cost direkte kosten information content entity A single system element (e.g., extruder 1, tool 1) within an entity sub-group in the system under investigation. einheit [hsh] unit [hsh] material entity uncurated A property representing the unit of measure in which a nutrient or food component is typically expressed, ex., gram (g), minigram (mg), microgram (mcg), joule, or kilojoule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_P355 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2018 22.08.2018 NCTI einheit [ncti] unit [ncti] material entity uncurated The property used in conjunction with a nutrient or food component, typically expressed in gram (g), milligram (mg), microgram (mcg), joule, or kilojoule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C68553 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2019 22.08.2019 NCTI einheit [ncti] unit [ncti] material entity uncurated A single undivided thing occurring in the composition of something else. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C44278 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2020 22.08.2020 NCTI einheit [ncti] unit [ncti] material entity uncurated Class designed to distinguish the different types of units that are available in variables from datasets or parameters https://w3id.org/okn/o/sd#Unit Luis Ramos English 22.08.2021 22.08.2021 SD einheit [sd] unit [sd] material entity uncurated "A unit of measurement is a standardized quantity of a physical quality." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UO_0000000 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 UO einheit [uo] unit [uo] material entity A machine that pushes unvulcanized rubber compounds through an extrusion die under pressure. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the machine entity. extruder [hsh] extruder [hsh] material entity A machine that mixes polymers and additives in the manufacture of plastic and rubber products. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the machine entity. banbury mixer [hsh] knetmaschine [hsh] material entity A machine that assembles assembles all components and semi-finished products to produce a tyre. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the machine entity. reifenproduktionsmaschine [hsh] tire building machine [hsh] material entity A pneumtaic machine that cuts rubber materials. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the machine entity. cutter [hsh] schneidemaschine [hsh] material entity A machine that combines a series of hard pressure rollers used to finish or smooth a sheet of rubber material. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the machine entity. calandar [hsh] kalandar [hsh] material entity An automated system that transports good to, within and from storage areas. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the machine entity. lagerroboter [hsh] storage robot [hsh] material entity An overhead crane with a girder configuration supported by freestanding legs that move on wheels to transport goods. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the machine entity. gantry crane [hsh] portalkran [hsh] material entity A machine that is measures the tire uniformity for complete vehicle wheels and determines the radial and lateral force fluctuations of the rolling wheel. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the machine entity. gleichförmigkeitsmessautomat [hsh] uniformity grading machine [hsh] material entity A powered industrial truck used to lift and move materials over short distances. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the conveyor vehicle entity. forklift [hsh] gabelstapler [hsh] material entity A continuous moving strip or surface that is used for transporting objects between different destinations. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the conveyor vehicle entity. conveyor [hsh] fördertechnik [hsh] material entity A small truck for lifting and transporting loads. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the conveyor vehicle entity. hubwagen [hsh] lift truck [hsh] material entity An object shaped for repair and installation purposes, with the help of which something is processed or manufactured.Constitutes an entity sub-group of the wear parts entity. tools [hsh] wekzeuge [hsh] material entity A set of small wear parts required to maintain and repair a machine entity. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the wear parts entity. kleinteile [hsh] small parts [hsh] material entity Components required to maintain and repair a machine entity. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the wear parts entity. ganze komponenten [hsh] whole components [hsh] material entity Equipment that is employed for producing light in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the building entity. beleuchtung [hsh] lighting [hsh] material entity Equipment that is employed for cooling and heating in the system under investigation. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the building entity. air conditioning [hsh] klimatisierung [hsh] material entity Equipment that is employed for managerial purposes in the system under investigation. büroausstattung [hsh] office equipment [hsh] material entity An elastic material obtained from the latex sap of trees. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the raw material entity. narural rubber [hsh] naturkautschuk [hsh] material entity uncurated The natural extract of tropical rubber plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106043 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 NCIT narural rubber [ncti] naturkautschuk [ncti] material entity Any of several substances similar to natural rubber in properties and uses, produced synthetically. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the raw material entity. synthetic rubber [hsh] synthetikkautschuk [hsh] material entity Material that is required to manipulate the properties of rubber products. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the raw material entity. filling material [hsh] füllstoffe [hsh] material entity Material that is used to support the structure of rubber based products (e.g., steel cords). Constitutes an entity sub-group of the raw material entity. reinforcing materials [hsh] verstärkungsmaterialien [hsh] material entity A substance added to a synthetic resin to produce or promote plasticity and flexibility and to reduce brittleness. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the raw material entity. plasticizer [hsh] weichmacher [hsh] material entity uncurated A substance added to plastics or other materials to make or keep them soft or pliable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C55826 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 plasticiser NCIT plasticizer [ncti] weichmacher [ncti] material entity uncurated Any compound that is used as an additive to increase the plasticity or fluidity of a substance, particularly but not exclusively to synthetic polymers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_79056 Luis Ramos English 22.08.2022 22.08.2022 plasticiser CHEBI plasticizer [chebi] weichmacher [chebi] material entity Chemicals added to rubber to alter its physical properties. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the raw material entity. vulcanization chemicals [hsh] vulkanisationschemikalien [hsh] material entity Additional substances that are employed to product rubber-based products. Constitutes an entity sub-group of the raw material entity. other additives [hsh] sonstige additive [hsh] material entity A non-destructive light scattering technique that provides detailed information about the chemical structure upon the interaction of light with the chemical bonds within a material based on periodic changes of polarizabilities. https://www.horiba.com/ind/raman-imaging-and-spectroscopy/ Raman spectroscopy [ifnano] plan specification uncurated Any type of vibrational spectroscopy where the Raman scattering of monochromatic light, usually from a laser in the visible, near infrared, or near ultraviolet range by a sample is detected. [CHMO] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/process#AFP_0000047 English 17.08.2022 http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/ allotrope.org Raman spectroscopy [allotrope] plan specification uncurated Emission of electromagnetic energy with a shorter frequency (longer wavelength) than that of the incident monochromatic light. Arises from the low probability absorption of quanta with a higher energy than that required for a transition: the difference in energy is emitted as a lower frequency (energy) photon. Allows analysis of vibrational and rotational energy levels using visible incident light. [ NCI ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17157 English 18.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCI Raman spectroscopy [ncit] plan specification A graph that shows the intensity of radiation at different wavelengths or the response of the atomic or molecular system to different wavelengths of the radiation https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Book%3A_Quantum_States_of_Atoms_and_Molecules_(Zielinksi_et_al)/01%3A_Spectroscopy#:~:text=A%20spectrum%20is%20a%20graph,different%20wavelengths%20of%20the%20radiation. Spectrum [ifnano] information content entity IFNANO:01_CQ uncurated A spectrum is a data distribution function of a measured quantity in a spectroscopy against some experimental parameter. [Allotrope] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/result#AFR_0000068 English 17.08.2022 http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/ allotrope.org Spectrum [allotrope] information content entity uncurated An array of entities, such as light waves or particles, ordered in accordance with the magnitudes of a common physical property, such as wavelength or mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C84383 English 18.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCI Spectrum [ncit] information content entity A graph presents a number of peaks, showing the intensity and wavelength position of the Raman scattered light, in which each peak corresponds to a specific molecular bond vibration. https://www.horiba.com/ind/raman-imaging-and-spectroscopy/ Raman spectrum [ifnano] information content entity uncurated A plot of intensity vs. Raman shift (cm-1) obtained by measuring the Raman scattering of monochromatic light from a sample. [CHMO] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/result#AFR_0000519 English 17.08.2022 http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/ allotrope.org (chmo) Raman spectrum [allotrope] information content entity Fourier transform infrared involves the probing of matter with infrared radiation. It is based on periodic changes in dipole moments caused by molecular vibrations during the absorption of IR radiation and gives spectroscopic fingerprints. https://www.hamamatsu.com/eu/en/applications/analytical-equipment/infrared-spectroscopy.html FTIR spectroscopy [ifnano] plan specification An attenuated total reflection accessory operates by measuring the changes that occur in a totally internally reflected infrared beam when the beam comes into contact with a sample. https://cmdis.rpi.edu/sites/default/files/ATR_FTIR.pdf ATR-FTIR [ifnano] plan specification It arises when groups differ statistically in their distributions on characteristics relevant to a given situation. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0123693985005442 Statistical discrimination [ifnano] plan specification The chemical discipline that uses mathematical and statistical methods, (a) to design or select optimal measurement procedures and experiments, and (b) to provide maximum chemical information by analyzing chemical data. https://www.wiley-vch.de/de/fachgebiete/naturwissenschaften/chemometrics-978-3-527-34097-2 Chemometrics [ifnano] plan specification Natural and synthetic rubber materials that are modified and shaped into rubber products through the rubber extrusion process. https://www.extrudedrubber.net/ Raw rubber samples [ifnano] material entity A statistical measure that expresses the extent to which two variables are linearly related (meaning they change together at a constant rate). It’s a common tool for describing simple relationships without making a statement about cause and effect. https://www.jmp.com/en_ca/statistics-knowledge-portal/what-is-correlation.html Correlation [ifnano] information content entity uncurated The degree to which two or more quantities or events are linearly associated, a statistical relation between two or more variables such that systematic changes in the value of one variable are accompanied by systematic changes in the others. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C48834 English 18.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT Correlation [ncit] information content entity The concentration of Zinc in the extrudate is 0.5 g/L. uncurated A quality of a substance in terms of its amount per unit volume in a mixture. Konzentration https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) English 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 conc. concentration [ifnano] quality IFNANO:01_CQ; IFNANO:02_CQ; IFNANO:03_CQ uncurated The quantity kind concentration https://www.materials.fraunhofer.de/ontologies/BWMD_ontology/mid#BWMD_00298 English 17.08.2022 https://www.materials.fraunhofer.de/ontologies/BWMD_ontology BWMD concentration [bwmd] quality uncurated A concentration (datum) is a quantification facet that quantifies a quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with another substance. [Allotrope] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/result#AFR_0002036 English 17.08.2022 http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/ allotrope.org concentration [allotrope] quality uncurated The quantity of a substance per unit volume or weight; a measure of the amount of substance present in a unit amount of mixture, particularly, the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. The amounts can be expressed as moles, masses, volumes, or parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C41185 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT concentration [ncit] quality uncurated The concentration of a chemical compound. http://edamontology.org/data_2140 English 19.08.2022 http://edamontology.org EDAM concentration [edam] quality uncurated Experimental method output expressing the contribution of one constituent to the composition of a mixture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0002820 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl CHMO concentration [chmo] quality uncurated the strength of a solution; number of molecules of a substance in a given volume http://purl.dataone.org/odo/ECSO_00001120 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.dataone.org/odo/ECSO8.owl ECSO concentration [ecso] quality Product of the process of Extrusion Extrudat https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrusionn Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 extrudate [ifnano] material entity IFNANO:02_CQ; IFNANO:03_CQ Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile by pushing material through a die of the desired cross-section. Extrusion https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrusion Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 extrusion [ifnano] process uncurated A transformation in which an atom or group Y connected to two other atoms or groups X and Z is lost from a molecule, leading to a product in which X is bonded to Z, e.g. X-Y-Z --> X-Z + Y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/REX_0000100 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/rex.owl REX extrusion [rex] process uncurated A process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile by forcing or drawing a material through a die. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0001613 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl CHMO extrusion [chmo] process Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy is a type of atomic emission spectroscopy which uses a highly energetic laser pulse as the excitation source. The laser is focused to form a plasma, which atomizes and excites samples. The Emission of these excited species is analyzed to identify and quantify the elements contained in the sample. Laserinduzierte Plasmaspektroskopie https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser-induced_breakdown_spectroscopy Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 LIBS Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy [ifnano] plan specification IFNANO:01_CQ; IFNANO:02_CQ; IFNANO:03_CQ uncurated A type of atomic emission spectrometry where a high energy laser pulse is used to generate a plasma which acts as the excitation source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0000258 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl CHMO Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy [chmo] plan specification A quality of a sample in terms of homogenity, or the distribution of concentration of a specific component in a mixture, in a macroscopic body. Verteilungsgüte; homogenity Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 distribution quality [ifnano] quality IFNANO:02_CQ; IFNANO:03_CQ In Spectroscopy, peaks are features of a spectrum. A peak comprise a restricted region of a spectrum, which is absorbed or emitted with high intensity. Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 peak [ifnano] information content entity IFNANO:01_CQ uncurated A peak describes a part of a data distribution function at a definite range of the experimental parameter (independent variable) of the distribution function. This definition includes a single data point of the distribution function. [Allotrope] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/result#AFR_0000413 English 17.08.2022 http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/ allotrope.org peak [allotrope] information content entity uncurated The most extreme possible amount or value; the highest point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C48054 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT peak [ncit] information content entity uncurated The summit of a mount. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000480 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo.owl ENVO peak [envo] information content entity uncurated A localized region of relatively large ion signal in a mass spectrum. Although peaks are often associated with particular ions, the terms peak and ion should not be used interchangeably. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MS_1000231 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ms.owl MS peak [ms] information content entity Unprocessed data obtained from spectrometric devices Rohspektrum Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 raw spectrum [ifnano] information content entity IFNANO:01_CQ Result of different mathematical processes conducted on raw Spectra. Processing steps include e.g. normalization and baseline correction bearbeitetes Spektrum; verarbeitetes Spektrum Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 processed spectrum [ifnano] information content entity IFNANO:01_CQ Principal component analysis (PCA) is the process of computing the principal components and using them to perform a change of basis on the data. Hauptkomponentenanalyse https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_component_analysis Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 principal component analysis [ifnano] plan specification IFNANO:01_CQ uncurated A vector space transform used to reduce the dimensionality in a dataset while retaining those characteristics of the dataset that contribute most to its variance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49291 English 19.08.2023 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT principal component analysis [ncit] plan specification uncurated A statistical procedure that uses an orthogonal transformation to convert a set of observations of possibly correlated variables into a set of values of linearly uncorrelated variables called principal components. http://edamontology.org/operation_3960 English 19.08.2023 http://edamontology.org EDAM principal component analysis [edam] plan specification Measurement using photometry Photometric Measurement Process [ifnano] process Metadata are data, which belong to a measurement. They complete the measurment data providing information about the condition under which the measurements have been taken place. Metadata [ifnano] information content entity uncurated Data about data; information that describes another set of data. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C52095 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT Metadata [ncit] information content entity Measurement method using visible light Photometry [ifnano] plan specification uncurated Measurement of the properties of light, especially luminous intensity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C65109 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT Photometry [ncit] plan specification Determination concentrations using a color chart Colorimetry [ifnano] plan specification uncurated The determination of the spectral absorbance of a solution. This method is often used to determine the concentration of a chemical in a solution. [CHMO] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/process#AFP_0002309 English 17.08.2022 http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/ allotrope.org Colorimetry [allotrope] plan specification uncurated An assessment used to quantify and describe the colors within the visible spectrum of light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C111096 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/ NCTI Colorimetry [ncit] plan specification Digital representation of an image. Images are represented in natural numbers. Image data [ifnano] information content entity Digital representation of an image using a natural number defining the red, green and blue proportion for each pixel RGB image data [ifnano] information content entity Commen form of representing a digital picture: The picture is represented as a XY-Grid of Data-Points containing the color and brightness information. format Picture grid [ifnano] information content entity Element of the picture grid format Pixel [ifnano] information content entity uncurated The smallest resolvable rectangular area of an image, either on a screen or stored in memory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C48367 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT Pixel [ncit] information content entity The use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. Digital image processing [ifnano] plan specification Using image data and eventually digital image processing in order to generate a corellation between this data and an analytical target. Image analysis [ifnano] plan specification uncurated Image analysis is the discovering of patterns in an image that are correlated to qualities of the material entity the image represents or of abstract patterns. [Allotrope] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/process#AFP_0003540 English 18.08.2022 allotrope allotrope.org Image analysis [allotrope] plan specification uncurated The analysis of a image (typically a digital image) of some type in order to extract information from it. http://edamontology.org/operation_3443 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl EDAM Image analysis [edam] plan specification The information represented by one or more variables, which has to be predicted by data analysis in instrumental analytics Analytical target [ifnano] information content entity In terms of digtal image procession: correction methods to compensate image errors caused by lense distorsion or perspective. Geometry correction [ifnano] plan specification Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), normal discriminant analysis (NDA), or discriminant function analysis is a generalization of Fisher's linear discriminant, a method used in statistics and other fields, to find a linear combination of features that characterizes or separates two or more classes of objects or events. Linear discriminant analysis [ifnano] plan specification Machine learning task of learning a function that maps an input to an output based on example input-output pairs. Supervised learning [ifnano] plan specification uncurated A machine learning process using a function that maps an input to an output based on example input-output pairs. It infers a function from labeled training data consisting of a set of training examples. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0002588 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl OBI Supervised learning [obi] plan specification A type of algorithm that learns patterns from untagged data Unsupervised learning [ifnano] plan specification uncurated A machine learning process that infers a function describing the structure of "unlabeled" data (i.e. data that has not been classified or categorized). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0002589 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl OBI Unsupervised learning [obi] plan specification A type of histogram that acts as a graphical representation of the tonal distribution in a digital image. It plots the number of pixels for each tonal value. Image histogramm / histogramm [ifnano] information content entity A multidimensional histogram of the distribution of color in an image Color histogramm [ifnano] information content entity 8-bit number [ifnano] information content entity 16-bit number [ifnano] information content entity Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 unit count [ifnano] information content entity uncurated The number of objects counted. [Allotrope] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/property#AFX_0000604 English 17.08.2022 allotrope allotrope.org count [allotrope] information content entity uncurated A datum that has non-negative integer values that is about the number of discrete things. [Allotrope] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/result#AFR_0000984 English 17.08.2022 allotrope allotrope.org count [allotrope] information content entity uncurated Determining the number or amount of something. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25463 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT count [ncit] information content entity uncurated a count is a data item denoted by an integer and represented the number of instances or occurences of an entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000047 English 19.08.2023 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ms.owl MS count [ms] information content entity A general, relative unit of measurement willkürliche Einheiten https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrary_unit Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 a.u.; arb.u.; willk. E. unit arbitrary units [ifnano] information content entity uncurated A single undivided thing (unit) based on or subject to individual judgment or preference, and not by necessity, reason, or principle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C75765 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT arbitrary units [ncit] information content entity The chemical element zinc Zink https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 Zn zinc [ifnano] material entity uncurated The chemical element zinc https://www.materials.fraunhofer.de/ontologies/BWMD_ontology/mid#BWMD_00096 English 17.08.2022 https://www.materials.fraunhofer.de/ontologies/BWMD_ontology BWMD zinc [bwmd] material entity uncurated An element with atomic symbol Zn, atomic number 30, and atomic weight 65.39. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C948 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT zinc [ncit] material entity uncurated A zinc group element atom that has formula Zn. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27363 English 19.08.2022 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/efo.owl EFO zinc [efo] material entity A measure of the amount of variation of a set of values. Standardabweichung Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 31.03.2022 std.dev. Standard deviation [ifnano] information content entity uncurated The standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values. [Wikipedia] http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/result#AFR_0002192 English 17.08.2022 allotrope allotrope.org Standard deviation [allotrope] information content entity uncurated A measure of the range of values in a set of numbers. Standard deviation is a statistic used as a measure of the dispersion or variation in a distribution, equal to the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the deviations from the arithmetic mean. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C53322 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT Standard deviation [ncit] information content entity uncurated The standard deviation of a random variable, statistical population, data set, or probability distribution is a measure of variation which correspond to the average distance from the mean of the data set to any given point of that dataset. It also corresponds to the square root of its variance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000237 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ms.owl MS Standard deviation [ms] information content entity The viscosity of rubber using a standard test method and Mooney Viscometer. https://www.astm.org/d1646-19a.html Mooney viscosity [ifnano] information content entity Asubstance which is capable of forming covalent bonds with a sequence of additional like or unlike molecules under the conditions of the relevant polymerforming reaction used for the particular process Monomer [ifnano] material entity uncurated A chemical subunit that can undergo polymerization by bonding to other subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C63845 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCIT Monomer [ncit] material entity a substance consisting of molecules characterised by the sequence of one or more types of monomer unit. Such molecules must be distributed over a range of molecular weights. Polymer [ifnano] material entity uncurated A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60027 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl CHEBI Polymer [chebi] material entity uncurated A substance made up of variable numbers of repeating structural units linked through covalent bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C48803 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI Polymer [ncit] material entity uncurated A substance or material consisting of very large molecules, or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PROCO_0000054 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/proco.owl PROCO Polymer [proco] material entity The relative proportions of monomers that make up a particular chemical polymer (raw rubber). Composition [ifnano] information content entity uncurated Composition of the material or substance. http://www.aidimme.es/FurnitureSectorOntology.owl#hasComposition English 17.08.2022 http://www.aidimme.es/FurnitureSectorOntology.owl Furniture Sector Ontology Composition [fso] information content entity uncurated A single physical entity inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's quantities or relative ratios of subparts. [PATO] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 English 17.08.2022 PATO PATO Composition [pato] information content entity uncurated The way in which something is made, especially in terms of its different parts; its constituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C53414 English 19.08.2022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl NCTI Composition [ncit] information content entity A material entity, which is part of a larger set of the same material entity Probe; Materialprobe https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_(material) Sven Schwabe (IFNANO) 06.04.2022 06.04.2022 for materials, sample is also a term used in statistics, graphics and other fileds sample [ifnano] material entity IFNANO:01_CQ; IFNANO:02_CQ Group of interlocked aggregates that are easily separated by normal rubber processing Verbund von zusammenhängenden Aggregaten, die bei normaler Kautschukverarbeitung leicht getrennt werden können Alexander Aschemann DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 0 Agglomerat [dik] Agglomerate [dik] Rigid group of coalesced particles which is the smallest entity that can be dispersed by normal rubber processing Starre Gruppe von koaleszierten Partikeln, welche die kleinste Einheit ist, die bei normaler Kautschukverarbeitung dispergiert werden kann Alexander Aschemann DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Aggregat [dik] Aggregate [dik] Kleinste erkennbare sphärische oder beinahe sphärische Einheit, die als solche einzeln existieren kann Smallest discernible spherical or nearly spherical unit which can exist separately Teilchen Alexander Aschemann DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 23.08.2022 03.05.2022 Die Partikel bilden in der Regel Gruppen, die als Aggregate bezeichnet werden. Groups of particles are generally coalesced into aggregates. Particle [dik] Partikel [dik] uncurated An object with finite mass and size parameters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 NCIT Particle [ncit] Partikel [ncit] uncurated Substanz, aufgebaut aus Molekülen, die gekennzeichnet sind durch eine Vielzahl von einer oder mehreren Arten von Atomen oder Atom-Gruppierungen (konstitutive Einheiten), die wiederholt aneinandergereiht sind, in einer Menge, so dass ein gewünschtes Eigenschaftsbild erlangt wird, das sich durch die Addition oder die Entfernung einer oder mehrerer konstitutioneller Einheiten nicht wesentlich ändert substance composed of molecules characterized by the multiple repetition of one or more species of atoms or groups of atoms (constitutional units) linked to each other in amounts sufficient to provide a set of properties that do not vary markedly with the addition or removal of one or a few of the constitutional units Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Polymer [dik] Polymer [dik] uncurated A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 CHEBI Polymer [chebi] Polymer [chebi] uncurated A substance made up of variable numbers of repeating structural units linked through covalent bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 NCIT Polymer [ncit] Polymer [ncit] uncurated A substance or material consisting of very large molecules, or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/proco.owl Luis Ramos English 23.08.2022 23.08.2022 PROCO Polymer [proco] Polymer [proco] uncurated Natur- oder synthetischer Kautschuk, gewöhnlich in Ballen- oder Paketform, welcher das Ausgangsmaterial für die Herstellung von Gummiprodukten darstellt natural or synthetic rubber, usually in bales or packages, forming the starting material for the manufacture of rubber products unbehandelter Kautschuk virgin rubber Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 It is normally free from compounding ingredients but may also, for example, take the form of a masterbatch with oil and/or filler. Rohkautschuk ist normalerweise frei von Mischungsbestandteilen, kann jedoch zum Beispiel auch als Masterbatch mit Öl und/oder Füllstoff vorliegen. Raw Rubber [dik] Rohkautschuk [dik] uncurated Kautschuk, der durch nicht biologische Polymerisation eines oder mehrerer Monomere hergestellt wird rubber produced by non-biologically polymerizing one or more monomers Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Synthesekautschuk [dik] Synthetic Rubber [dik] uncurated Kautschuk mit einer gesättigten Kohlenstoffkette vom Polymethylen-Typ Rubber with a saturated carbon chain of the polymethylene type Alexander Aschemann English ISO 1629:2013(E) 04.05.2022 M-Gruppe Kautschuk [dik] M-group Rubber [dik] uncurated Terpolymer aus Ethylen, Propylen und einem Dien mit dem restlichen ungesättigten Anteil des polymerisierten Diens in der Seitenkette Terpolymer of ethylene, propylene and a diene with the remaining unsaturated portion of the polymerized diene in the side chain Alexander Aschemann English ISO 1629:2013(E) 03.05.2022 EPDM Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-‎Kautschuk ‎[dik] Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber [dik] uncurated Kautschuktyp, der eine ungesättigte Kohlenstoffhauptkette hat, die zumeist auf Butadien oder substituiertem Butadien basiert type of rubber having an unsaturated carbon main chain derived mostly from butadiene or a substituted butadiene Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Diene Rubber [dik] Dienkautschuk [dik] uncurated Handelsname für ein spezifischen EPDM-Kautschuk Trade name for a specific EPDM rubber Alexander Aschemann English 04.05.2022 Keltan 5470C [dik] Keltan 5470C [dik] uncurated fester Mischungsbestandteil in Teilchenform, welcher aus technischen oder wirtschaftlichen Gründen zu einem relativ großen Anteil zu Kautschuk oder Kautschuklatex zugegeben werden kann solid compounding ingredient, in particulate form, which may be added in relatively large proportions to a rubber or rubber latex for technical or economic purposes Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Filler [dik] Füllstoff [dik] uncurated Mischungsbestandteil, der im Wesentlichen aus mehr als 95 % elementaren Kohlenstoffs in der Form beinahe sphärischer Partikel mit maximalen Durchmessern kleiner als 1 μm besteht, im Allgemeinen zu Aggregaten koalesziert compounding ingredient consisting essentially of more than 95 % elemental carbon in the form of nearspherical particles with major diameters less than 1 μm, generally coalesced into aggregates Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Carbon black is produced by incomplete burning or thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons. Ruß wird durch unvollständige Verbrennung oder thermische Zersetzung von Kohlenwasserstoffen produziert. Carbon Black [dik] Ruß [dik] uncurated An elemental carbon in the form of virtually pure colloidal particles that are produced by incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons under controlled conditions. A black, finely divided pellet or powder, its properties of specific surface area, particle size and structure, conductivity and colour can be varied by varying the exact conditions for its production. It is used in tyres, rubber and plastic products, printing inks and coatings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 CHEBI Carbon Black [chebi] Ruß [chebi] uncurated Der Buchstabe "N" wird verwendet, um eine normale Vulkanisationsgeschwindigkeit anzugeben, die typisch ist für Furnace Blacks, die nicht speziell modifiziert wurden, um die Vulkanisierungsgeschwindigkeit zu ändern The letter “N” is used to indicate a normal curing rate typical of furnace blacks that have received no special modification to alter their influence on the rate of cure of rubber. Alexander Aschemann English ASTM D1765-10 05.05.2022 N-Carbon Black [dik] N-Ruß [dik] uncurated Der Buchstabe "S" wird für Channel Blacks oder für Furnace Blacks verwendet, die so modifiziert wurden, dass sie die Vulkanisationsgeschwindigkeit verringern. The letter “S” is used for channel blacks or for furnace blacks that have been modified to effectively reduce the curing rate of rubber. Alexander Aschemann English ASTM D1765-10 05.05.2022 S-Carbon Black [dik] S-Ruß [dik] uncurated An N carbon black with an average nitrogen surface area of 33 to 39 m²/g. Ein N-Ruß mit einer durchschnittlichen Stickstoff-Oberfläche von 33 bis 39 m²/g. Alexander Aschemann English ASTM D1765-10 05.05.2022 N600-Carbon Black [dik] N600-Ruß [dik] uncurated Handelsname für ein spezifischen N600-Ruß Trade name for a specific N600-carbon black Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Corax N660 [dik] Corax N660 [dik] uncurated Mischungsbestandteil, welcher in geringen Mengen verwendet wird, um die Viskosität einer unvulkanisierten Kautschukmischung oder die Härte eines Vulkanisats zu verringern compounding ingredient used in small proportions to reduce the viscosity of an unvulcanized rubber mix or the hardness of a vulcanizate Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Softener [dik] Weichmacher ‎[dik] uncurated Prozessöl aus Kohlenwasserstoffen, das größtenteils oder vollständig aus Alkanen besteht hydrocarbon process oil, most or all of which is composed of alkanes Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Paraffinic Oil [dik] Paraffinöl [dik] uncurated Handelsname für ein spezifisches Paraffinöl Trade name for a specific paraffinic oil Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 ‎P460 [dik] ‎P460 [dik] uncurated hydrocarbon oil derived from petroleum or other sources and used as an extender or processing aid Öl auf Basis von Kohlenwasserstoffen, welches aus Erdöl oder anderen Quellen stammt und als Extender oder Verarbeitungshilfsmittel eingesetzt wird Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Process Oil [dik] ‎Prozessöl‎ [dik] uncurated Mischungsbestandteil, der die Verarbeitbarkeit einer Kautschukmischung verbessert compounding ingredient which improves the processability of a rubber compound or mix Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Processing Aid [dik] Verarbeitungshilfsmittel [dik] uncurated Mischungsbestandteil zur Verzögerung einer alterungsbedingten Verschlechterung compounding ingredient used to retard deterioration by ageing Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Alterungsschutzmittel ist eine allgemeine Benennung für bestimmte Additive wie Antioxidantien, Ozonschutzmittel, Wachse und andere Schutzmittel. Antidegradant is a generic term for certain additives such as antioxidants, antiozonants, waxes and other protective materials. Alterungsschutzmittel [dik] Antidegradant [dik] uncurated Handelsname für ein spezifisches Alterungsschutzmittel Trade name for a specific antidegradant Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Antilux 500‎ [dik] Antilux 500‎ [dik] uncurated compounding ingredient used in small proportions to increase the effectiveness of an accelerator in kleinen Mengen eingesetzter Mischungsbestandteil zur Erhöhung der Effektivität eines Beschleunigers Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Activator [dik] Aktivator [dik] uncurated A class of substances that binds to, activates and increases the activity of a target. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCIT Activator [ncit] Aktivator [ncit] uncurated English Zinc Oxide [dik] Zinkoxid [dik] uncurated Handelsname für ein spezifisches Zinkoxid Trade name for a specific zinc oxide Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Zinkoxid Rotsiegel [dik] Zinkoxid Rotsiegel [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Stearic Acid [dik] Stearinsäure [dik] uncurated A saturated long-chain fatty acid with an 18-carbon backbone. Stearic acid is found in various animal and plant fats, and is a major component of cocoa butter and shea butter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCIT Stearic Acid [ncit] Stearinsäure [dik] uncurated Handelsname für eine spezifische Stearinsäure Trade name for a specific stearic acid English PALMERA B 1802-CG [dik] PALMERA B 1802-CG [dik] uncurated compounding ingredient used in small amounts with a vulcanizing agent to increase the speed of vulcanization and/or enhance the physical properties of the vulcanizate in kleinen Mengen mit einem Vulkanisationsmittel eingesetzter Mischungsbestandteil zur Beschleunigung der Vulkanisationsgeschwindigkeit und/oder Verbesserung der physikalischen Eigenschaften des Vulkanisates Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Accelerator [dik] Beschleuniger [dik] uncurated in einem Vulkanisationssystem verwendeter Hauptbeschleuniger principal accelerator used in a vulcanizing system Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Primary Accelerator [dik] Primärbeschleuniger [dik] uncurated Beschleuniger, der in niedrigen Konzentrationen zusammen mit dem Erstbeschleuniger eingesetzt wird, um Vernetzungsgeschwindigkeit und Vulkanisateigenschaften zu optimieren accelerator used in low concentrations with the primary accelerator to optimize cure rate and vulcanizate properties Verstärker booster Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Secondary Accelerator [dik] Zweitbeschleuniger [dik] uncurated An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains a N atom and one S atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Alexander Aschemann English 05.05.2022 Thiazol [dik] Thiazole [dik] uncurated Dibenzothiazyldisulfid; 2,2′-Dithiobis(benzothiazol); Thiofid Alexander Aschemann English 05.05.2022 MBTS Di(benzothiazol-2-yl)disulfid [dik] di(benzothiazol-2-yl)disulfide [dik] uncurated An organic disulfide resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of the thiol groups of two molecules of 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol. It is used as an accelerator in the rubber industry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 CHEBI Di(benzothiazol-2-yl)disulfid [chebi] di(benzothiazol-2-yl)disulfide [chebi] uncurated Handelsname für ein spezifisches Di(benzothiazol-2-yl)disulfid Trade name for a specific di(benzothiazol-2-yl)disulfide Alexander Aschemann English 05.05.2022 Vulkacit MBTS [dik] Vulkacit MBTS [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 05.05.2022 Thiuram [dik] Thiuram [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 05.05.2022 TBzTD Tetrabenzylthiuramdisulfid [dik] Tetrabenzylthiuramdisulfide [dik] uncurated Handelsname für ein spezifisches Tetrabenzylthiuramdisulfid Trade name for a specific tetrabenzylthiuramdisulfide Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Luvomaxx TbzTD [dik] Luvomaxx TbzTD [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Dithiocarbamat [dik] dithiocarbamate [dik] uncurated A member of the class of dithiocarbamate anions resulting from the deprotonation of both of the dithiocarbamic acid moieties of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamic acid). The major species at pH 7.3. ethylenebis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 CHEBI Dithiocarbamat [chebi] dithiocarbamate [chebi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 05.05.2022 ZBDC Zinc Dibenzyldithiocarbamate [dik] Zink-Dibenzyldithiocarbamat [dik] uncurated Handelsname für ein spezifisches Zink-Dibenzyldithiocarbamat Trade name for a specific zinc dibenzyldithiocarbamate Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Rhenogran ‎ZBDC 80‎ [dik] Rhenogran ‎ZBDC 80‎ [dik] uncurated Mischungsbestandteil, der die Vernetzung des Kautschuks bewirkt compounding ingredient that produces crosslinking in rubber Vernetzer; Vernetzungsmittel curative; curing agent Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Vulcanizing Agent [dik] Vulkanisationsmittel [dik] uncurated Kombination aus Vulkanisationsmittel und, falls erforderlich, Beschleunigern, Aktivatoren, Verzögerern, etc., die verwendet wird, um die gewünschte Vulkanisationscharakteristik und Vulkanisateigenschaften herzustellen combination of vulcanizing agent and, as required, accelerators, activators, retarders, etc., used to produce the desired vulcanization characteristics and vulcanizate properties Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Vulcanizing System [dik] Vulkanisationssystem [dik] uncurated Geschwindigkeit, mit der eine Kautschukmischung nach Einsetzen der initialen Vulkanisation weitervernetzt rate at which a rubber compound vulcanizes after having reached the point of incipient vulcanization Vulkanisationsgeschwindigkeit vulcanization rate Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Cure Rate [dik] Vernetzungsgeschwindigkeit [dik] uncurated Mischungsbestandteil, eingesetzt zur Verringerung der Tendenz einer Kautschukmischung, vorzeitig zu vulkanisieren compounding ingredient used to reduce the tendency of a rubber compound to vulcanize prematurely Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Retarder [dik] Verzögerer [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Schwefel [dik] Sulfur [dik] uncurated Masse an Mischungsbestandteilen, die zu 100 Masseeinheiten Kautschuk hinzugefügt werden mass of compounding ingredient added to one hundred mass units of elastomer Anteile pro hundert Teile Kautschuk; pphr parts per hundred rubber; pphr Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 PHR [dik] PHR [dik] uncurated Liste der Mischungsbestandteile und ihrer Mengenverhältnisse, die bei der Herstellung einer Mischung verwendet werden list of compounding ingredients and their proportions, used in the preparation of a compound Mischungsrezeptur recipe Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Formulation [dik] Rezeptur [dik] uncurated Substanz, die zu einem Kautschuk oder einem Latex gegeben wird, um eine Mischung herzustellen substance added to a rubber or rubber latex to form a mix Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Compounding Ingredient [dik] Mischungsbestandteil‎ [dik] uncurated gründliche Mischung von Kautschuken oder anderen polymerbildenden Materialien mit allen Bestandteilen, die für das fertige Produkt notwendig sind intimate mixture of a rubber or rubbers or other polymer-forming materials with all the ingredients necessary for the finished product Kautschukmischung rubber compound Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Compound [dik] Mischung [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Safety Data Sheet [dik] Sicherheitsdatenblatt [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Product Data Sheet [dik] Produktdatenblatt [dik] uncurated Maschine mit zwei gegensätzlich drehenden Walzen, häufig erwärmbar oder kühlbar, welche gewöhnlich mit verschiedenen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten betrieben werden, und mit einstellbarem Walzenspalt zum Mastizieren, Mischen, Verschneiden, Vorwärmen oder zum Auswalzen machine with two counter-rotating rolls, frequently heated or cooled, usually driven at different speeds, and having an adjustable nip for mastication, mixing, blending, warm-up or sheeting Zwei-Rollen-Walzwerk two-roll mill Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Mill [dik] Walzwerk [dik] uncurated Zylinder, der ein rotierendes Hauptelement eines Kalanders oder eines Walzwerks bildet cylinder forming a major, rotating member of a calender or mill Walzenzylinder Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Roll [dik] Walze [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Festwalze [dik] Fixed Roll [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Setting Roll [dik] Stellwalze [dik] uncurated A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of its speed rotating around itself. speed Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Drehzahl [dik] Rotational Frequency [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Drehzahleinheit [dik] Rotational Frequency Unit [dik] uncurated "A unit which is a standard measure of the number of rotations in a given time." [NIST:NIST] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 UO Drehzahleinheit [ou] Rotational Frequency Unit [uo] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Frequency Unit [dik] Frequenzeinheit [dik] uncurated "A unit which is a standard measure of the number of repetitive actions in a particular time." [NIST:NIST] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 UO Frequency Unit [uo] Frequenzeinheit [uo] uncurated An indication of the type of unit of measure being used to express a number of regular events in a given time per unit of time. Unit of Frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCTI Frequency Unit [ncit] Frequenzeinheit [ncit] uncurated A rotational frequency unit which is equal to the number of completed turns in a period of time that equals to 1 second. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 1/s Turns per Second [dik] Umdrehungen pro Sekunde [dik] uncurated "A rotational frequency unit which is equal to the number complete turn in a period of time that equals to 1 second." [NIST:NIST] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 UO Turns per Second [uo] Umdrehungen pro Sekunde [uo] uncurated A rotational frequency unit which is equal to the number of completed turns in a period of time that equals to 1 minute. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 1/min Turns per Minute [dik] Umdrehungen pro Minute [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Festwalzen-Drehzahl [dik] Fixed Roll Speed [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Setting Roll Speed [dik] Stellwalzen-Drehzahl [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Temperatur [dik] Temperature [dik] uncurated A measure of the average kinetic energy of a system of particles. Temperature may be quantified, in the context of thermodynamics, as the potential of one system to transfer thermal energy to another system until both systems reach a state of thermal equilibrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCTI Temperatur [ncit] Temperature [ncit] uncurated A physical quality of the thermal energy of a system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 PATO Temperatur [pato] Temperature [pato] uncurated Temperature is the extent to which an object is hot. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 UM Temperatur [om] Temperature [om] uncurated Temperature is a physical quality of the thermal energy of a system. http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/efo.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 EFO Temperatur [efo] Temperature [efo] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Temperature Unit [dik] Temperatureinheit [dik] uncurated "A unit which is a standard measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 UO Temperature Unit [uo] Temperatureinheit [uo] uncurated An indication of the type of unit of measure being used to express a temperature. Unit of Temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCTI Temperature Unit [ncit] Temperatureinheit [ncit] uncurated Temperierungsgerät; Temperierungsaggregat; Temperiersteuergerät Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 TCU Temperature Control Unit [dik] Temperatursteuergerät [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Festwalzen-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] Fixed Roll Temperature Control Unit [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Setting Roll Temperature Control Unit [dik] Stellwalzen-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Festwalzen-Temperatur [dik] Fixed Roll Temperature [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Setting Roll Temperature [dik] Stellwalzen-Temperatur [dik] uncurated Abstand zwischen den Walzenoberflächen einer Walze oder eines Kalanders, gemessen zwischen den Mittelpunkten radial clearance between the roll surfaces of a mill or calender on a line of centres Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 NIP [dik] Walzenspalt [dik] uncurated Process of converting a rubber or rubber mix, rubber dough or coagulated latex into a form in which the thickness is small in proportion to the length Prozess der Überführung von Kautschuk oder einer Kautschukmischung, Gummilösung oder koaguliertem Latex in eine Form, bei der die Dicke klein gegenüber der Länge ist Plattenziehen Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Auswalzen [dik] Sheeting [dik] uncurated Distribution of one or more ingredients into a rubber, a rubber blend or a continuum material, by the application of shearing forces, in order to confer optimum and uniform properties Verteilen eines oder mehrerer Bestandteile in Kautschuk, Kautschukblends oder einer kontinuierlichen Phase durch Anwendung von Scherkräften, um optimale und homogene Eigenschaften zu erhalten Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Dispergierung [dik] Dispersion [dik] uncurated Prozess der irreversiblen Reduzierung der Molmasse des Kautschuks, entweder im rohen oder im gemischten Zustand, durch das Einbringen mechanischer Arbeit (Scherung) und durch atmosphärischen Sauerstoff, manchmal unter Zuhilfenahme von Abbaumitteln und Wärme the molecular mass of a rubber, in either the raw or the mixed state, by the action of mechanical work (shear) and atmospheric oxygen, sometimes assisted by peptizers and heat Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Mastication [dik] Mastikation [dik] uncurated The process by which food is torn or crushed by the teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCTI Mastication [ncit] Mastikation [ncit] uncurated The process of biting and mashing food with the teeth prior to swallowing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hp.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 HP Mastication [hp] Mastikation [hp] uncurated relative Einfachheit, mit welcher Rohkautschuk oder Kautschukmischungen in einer Maschine zur Kautschukverarbeitung gehandhabt werden kann relative ease with which raw or compounded rubbers can be handled in rubber-processing machinery Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Processability [dik] Verarbeitbarkeit [dik] uncurated A device for mixing/blending materials or signals. Ein Gerät zum Mischen/Vermischen von Materialien oder Signalen. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mischer [dik] Mixer Device [dik] uncurated A mechanical device designed to blend materials or an electronic device designed to blend signals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCIT Mischer [ncit] Mixer Device [ncit] uncurated A mixer device designed for mechanically mixing/blending materials. Eine Mischvorrichtung, die zum mechanischen Mischen von Materialien bestimmt ist. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mechanical Mixer [dik] Mechanischer Mischer [dik] uncurated A mechanical component designed to blend materials. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCIT Mechanical Mixer [ncit] Mechanischer Mischer [ncit] uncurated Maschine mit Temperaturregelung, welche einen oder mehrere Rotoren in einer geschlossenen Kammer beinhaltet und zum Mastizieren und/oder zur Einarbeitung und Dispersion von Mischungsbestandteilen in den Kautschuk genutzt wird machine with temperature controls containing one or more rotors operating in a closed cavity used to masticate and/or to incorporate and disperse compounding ingredients into the rubber Kneter Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Innenmischer [dik] Internal Mixer [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Rotor [dik] Rotor [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mischkammer [dik] Mixing Chamber [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Drop Door [dik] Klappsattel [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Stamp [dik] Stempel [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Rotor Speed [dik] Rotor-Drehzahl [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Rotor Temperature Control Unit [dik] Rotor-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Rotor Temperature [dik] Rotor-Temperatur [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mischkammer-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] Mixing Chamber Temperature Control Unit [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mischkammer-Temperatur [dik] Mixing Chamber Temperature [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Drop Door Temperature Control Unit [dik] Klappsattel-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Drop Door Temperature [dik] Klappsattel-Temperatur [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Stamp Temperature Control Unit [dik] Stempel-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Stamp Temperature [dik] Stempel-Temperatur [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Drehmoment [dik] Torque [dik] uncurated Torque is the effectiveness of a force to produce rotation about an axis, measured by the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis. http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2 Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 UO Drehmoment [om] Torque [om] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Drehmoment Einheit [dik] Torque Unit [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Nm Newtonmeter [dik] Newtonmeter [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Rotor Torque [dik] Rotor-Drehmoment [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mass Temperature [dik] Massetemperatur [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Length [dik] Länge [dik] uncurated The linear extent in space from one end of something to the other end, or the extent of something from beginning to end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCIT Length [ncit] Länge [ncit] uncurated A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 PATO Length [pato] Länge [pato] uncurated Length is the amount of space between two geographical points along a curve. It is a base quantity in the International System of Units and other systems of units. Length is speed times time. The metre, a base unit of length in the International System of Units, is defined in terms of speed of light during a certain time interval. http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2 Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 OM Length [om] Länge [om] uncurated PEFF keyword for the sequence length. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ms.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 MS Length [ms] Länge [ms] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Length Unit [dik] Längen Einheit [dik] uncurated "A unit which is a standard measure of the distance between two points." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 UO Length Unit [uo] Längen Einheit [uo] uncurated An indication of the type of unit of measure being used to express a length or distance. Unit of Length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCIT Length Unit [ncit] Längen Einheit [ncit] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 mm millimeter [dik] millimeter [dik] uncurated A metric unit of length equal to one thousandth of a meter (10E-3 meter) or approximately 0.03937 inch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 NCIT millimeter [ncit] millimeter [ncit] uncurated "A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of a meter or 10^[-3] m." [NIST:NIST] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 UO millimeter [uo] millimeter [uo] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Stamp Distance [dik] Stempelweg [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Addition Sequence [dik] Zugabereihenfolge [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Time of Addition [dik] Zugabezeitpunkt [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Leistung [dik] Power [dik] uncurated A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of doing work. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 PATO Leistung [pato] Power [pato] uncurated Power is the time rate at which work is done. It is a derived quantity in the International System of Units. Power is energy divided by time. http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2 Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 OM Leistung [om] Power [om] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Electrical Power [dik] Elektrische Leistung [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mischzeit [dik] Mixing Time [dik] uncurated A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the ratio of the volume of a substance contained in the bearer and the bearer's own volume. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Filling Ratio [dik] Füllgrad [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mischstufenanzahl [dik] Number of Mixing Stages [dik] uncurated Product of one mixing operation Produkt eines Mischungsvorganges Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Batch [dik] Charge [dik] uncurated A quantity of people or things treated or regarded as a group, especially when subdivided from a larger group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 NCIT Batch [ncit] Charge [ncit] uncurated Maschine, die mit Hilfe einer Schnecke oder einer hydraulischen Presse kontinuierlich ein Material formt, indem dieses durch eine oder mehrere Schablonen gepresst wird machine which, through the use of a screw or a hydraulic ram, continuously shapes a material by forcing it through a die or dies Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Extruder [dik] Extruder [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Einschneckenextruder [dik] Single Screw Extruder [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Pin Extruder [dik] Stiftextruder [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Pin [dik] Stift [dik] uncurated rotating member with one or more helical grooves, used to propel rubber along the barrel of an extruder rotierendes Glied mit einer oder mehreren helixförmigen Rillen, das verwendet wird, um einen Kautschuk innerhalb eines Extruderrohrs voranzutreiben Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Schnecke [dik] Screw [dik] uncurated Teil eines Extruders, durch den das Material gedrückt wird und um ein Profil des Extrudats zu formen that part of an extruder through which material is forced, forming a profile of the extrudate Werkzeug; Düse Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Die [dik] Schablone [dik] uncurated Produkt eines Extrusionsprozesses product of an extrusion process Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Extrudat [dik] Extrudate [dik] uncurated Teil eines Extruders, welcher die Schablone mit Halterung enthält that part of an extruder which houses the die and die holder Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Extruder Head [dik] Extruderkopf [dik] uncurated continuous shaping of a material by passage through a die kontinuierliches Formen eines Materials, indem dieses durch eine Schablone gepresst wird Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Extrudieren [dik] Extrusion [dik] uncurated A transformation in which an atom or group Y connected to two other atoms or groups X and Z is lost from a molecule, leading to a product in which X is bonded to Z, e.g. X-Y-Z --> X-Z + Y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/rex.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 REX Extrudieren [rex] Extrusion [rex] uncurated A process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile by forcing or drawing a material through a die. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl Luis Ramos English 24.08.2022 24.08.2022 CHMO Extrudieren [chmo] Extrusion [chmo] uncurated Unterschied zwischen den Dimensionen des Profilquerschnittes eines Extrudats und den korrespondierenden Dimensionen des Auslaufkanals, welcher üblicherweise als prozentuelle Zunahme der Fläche des Querschnittes ausgedrückt wird difference between the dimensions of the cross-section of an extrudate and the corresponding dimensions of the die orifice, usually quantified as the percentage increase in the crosssectional area Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Die Swell [dik] Spritzquellung [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Abzugsgeschwindigkeit [dik] Haul-off Speed [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Conveyor Belt [dik] Förderband [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Mass Throughput [dik] Massedurchsatz [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Druckschwankung [dik] Pressure Variation [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Geometrieschwankung [dik] Geometry Variation [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Oberfläche [dik] Surface [dik] uncurated The extended two-dimensional outer boundary of a three-dimensional object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Oberfläche [ncit] Surface [ncit] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Oberflächenfehler [dik] Surface Defect [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Oberflächentemperatur [dik] Surface Temperature [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Schneckendrehzahl [dik] Screw Speed [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Druck [dik] Pressure [dik] uncurated A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of force per unit area it exerts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 PATO Druck [pato] Pressure [pato] uncurated Pressure is the force applied to or distributed over a surface. It is a derived quantity in the International System of Units. Pressure is force divided by area. http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2 Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OM Druck [om] Pressure [om] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Die Geometry [dik] Schablonengeometrie [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Extrudate Cross Section [dik] Extrudatquerschnitt [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Sensor [dik] Sensor [dik] uncurated Device, agent (including humans), or software (simulation) involved in, or implementing, a Procedure. Sensors respond to a stimulus, e.g., a change in the environment, or input data composed from the results of prior Observations, and generate a Result. Sensors can be hosted by Platforms. http://www.w3.org/ns/sosa/ Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 SOSA Sensor [sosa] Sensor [sosa] uncurated A piece of apparatus that is used to measure a physical quantity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 CHMO Sensor [chmo] Sensor [chmo] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Temperature Measuring Sword [dik] Temperaturmessschwert [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Drucksensor [dik] Pressure Sensor [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Temperature Sensor [dik] Temperatursensor [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Gearbox [dik] Getriebe [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Engine [dik] Motor [dik] uncurated motor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 ENVO Engine [envo] Motor [envo] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Feeding Roll [dik] Speisewalze [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Pin Zone [dik] Stiftzone [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Einzugszone [dik] Feeding Zone [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Molding Zone [dik] Werkzeugzone [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Feeding Roll Temperature Control Unit [dik] Speisewalzen-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Feeding Roll Temperature [dik] Speisewalzen-Temperatur [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Schnecken-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] Screw Temperature Control Unit [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Schnecken-Temperatur [dik] Screw Temperature [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Einzugszonen-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] Feeding Zone Temperature Control Unit [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Einzugszonen-Temperatur [dik] Feeding Zone Temperature [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Pin Zone Temperature Control Unit [dik] Stiftzonen-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Pin Zone Temperature [dik] Stiftzonen-Temperatur [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Molding Zone Temperature Control Unit [dik] Werkzeugzonen-Temperatursteuergerät [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Molding Zone Temperature [dik] Werkzeugzonen-Temperatur [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Vulcanization Time [dik] Vulkanisationszeit [dik] uncurated Anzahl von Vernetzungen in einem Vulkanisat je Volumen- oder Masseneinheit number of crosslinks per unit volume or unit mass of vulcanizate Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Crosslink Density [dik] Vernetzungsdichte [dik] uncurated Produkt der Vulkanisation einer Kautschukmischung product of the vulcanization of a rubber compound vulcanized rubber vulkanisierter Kautschuk Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Vulcanizate [dik] Vulkanisat [dik] uncurated chemical bond or atom(s) joining two rubber chains or two parts of the same rubber chain as a result of vulcanization chemische Bindung oder Atom(e), die zwei Kautschukketten oder zwei Teile derselben Kette verbinden als Ergebnis der Vulkanisation Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 In a vulcanizate, trapped chain entanglements can act as physical crosslinks and contribute to the crosslink density. In einem Vulkanisat können eingeschlossene Verschlaufungen als physikalische Vernetzungen fungieren und einen Beitrag zur Vernetzungsdichte leisten. Crosslink [dik] Vernetzung [dik] uncurated Any covalent linkage between two polymers or between two different regions of the same polymer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Crosslink [ncit] Vernetzung [ncit] uncurated 〈Aktion〉 Erzeugung von Vernetzungen zwischen oder innerhalb von Kautschukketten unter Ausbildung eines Netzwerks 〈act of〉 insertion of crosslinks between or within rubber chains to give a network structure Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Crosslinking [dik] Vernetzen [dik] uncurated Zustand eines Vulkanisats während des Vulkanisationsverlaufs, gemessen an dessen Struktur oder dessen Eigenschaften condition of a vulcanizate during the course of vulcanization, measured in terms of its structure or properties Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 State of Cure [dik] Vernetzungsgrad [dik] uncurated Verfahren, üblicherweise auf Hitze basierend, bei dem Kautschuk durch eine Veränderung seiner chemischen Struktur (zum Beispiel Vernetzung) in einen Zustand überführt wird, in dem die elastischen Eigenschaften erzeugt, wiederhergestellt oder verbessert oder über einen größeren Tempe-raturbereich erweitert werden process, usually involving heat, in which rubber, through a change in its chemical structure (for example, crosslinking), is converted to a condition in which the elastic properties are conferred or re-established or improved or extended over a greater range of temperatures Vernetzung cure Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Vulcanization [dik] Vulkanisation [dik] uncurated Druckkessel, der zur Vulkanisation von Kautschuk in Dampf oder Gas genutzt wird pressurized vessel used for vulcanizing rubber in a vapour or gas Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Autoclave [dik] Autoklav [dik] uncurated A device that is used to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure steam at 121 C or more, typically for 15 to 20 minutes depending on the size of the load and the contents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OBI Autoclave[obi] Autoklav [obi] uncurated A thick-walled steel vessel used during synthesis methods that require both high pressures and high temperatures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 CHMO Autoclave [chmo] Autoklav [chmo] uncurated Art der Vulkanisation, bei der das Modul des Vulkanisats ein Maximum erreicht und dann über einen längeren Zeiraum bei der entsprechenden Vulkanisationstemperatur nahezu konstant bleibt type of vulcanization during which the modulus of the vulcanizate proceeds to a maximum and then remains essentially constant for a substantial period at the vulcanization temperature Vulkanisationsebene flat cure Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Plateau Cure [dik] Vulkanisationsplateau [dik] uncurated Vulkanisationsbedingungen, die notwendig sind, um einen akzeptablen Kompromiss zwischen verschiedenen gewünschten Vulkanisateigenschaften zu erzielen bzw. den optimalen Wert für eine bestimmte Eigenschaft zu erhalten condition of vulcanization required to achieve an acceptable compromise among a number of desired vulcanizate properties or the optimum value of a selected property Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Optimum Cure [dik] Vulkanisationsoptimum [dik] uncurated Vulkanisationszustand jenseits des Vulkanisationsoptimums state of vulcanization beyond the optimum cure Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Overcure is generally caused by too long a time and/or too high a temperature of vulcanization and/or post cure, and/or a surplus of vulcanizing agents. Übervulkanisation wird gewöhnlich hervorgerufen durch zu lange Heizzeit und/oder zu hohe Vulkanisations- und/oder Nachvulkanisationstemperatur und/oder ein Übermaß an Vulkanisationsmitteln. Overcure [dik] Übervulkanisation [dik] uncurated Zustand der Vulkanisation unterhalb des Vulkanisationsoptimums state of vulcanization less than the optimum cure Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Undercure is generally caused by too short a time and/or too low a temperature of vulcanization and/or post cure, and/or a deficiency of vulcanizing agents. Untervulkanisation wird im Allgemeinen durch zu kurze Zeit und/oder zu niedrige Vulkanisationstemperatur und/oder Nachvulkanisation und/oder Mängel der Vulkanisationsmittel hervorgerufen. Undercure [dik] Untervulkanisation [dik] uncurated ein oder mehrere Teile, entnommen aus einem Los, um Informationen über dieses Los zu liefern und möglicherweise als Entscheidungsbasis über das Los oder seinen Herstellprozess zu dienen one or more items taken from a lot and intended to provide information on the lot and possibly to serve as a basis for a decision on the lot or on the process which had produced it Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Probe [dik] Sample [dik] uncurated Feature which is intended to be representative of a FeatureOfInterest on which Observations may be made. http://www.w3.org/ns/sosa/ Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 SOSA Probe [sosa] Sample [sosa] uncurated tempdef: A sample is a role that is played by an object of interest in an investigation used to obtain generalizable information about the sample source. defprov: Daniel Schober http://nmrML.org/nmrCV Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NMRCV Probe [nmrcv] Sample [nmrcv] uncurated Körper eines Materials von geeigneter Form und Dimension, fertig vorbereitet zur Verwendung in einer Prüfung piece of material of appropriate shape and size, prepared so that it is ready for use in a test Probekörper Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Die englischen Benennungen „test specimen“ und „specimen“ werden häufig verwendet, um einen „Prüfkörper“ zu bezeichnen. The terms “test specimen” and “specimen” are also widely used to denote “test piece”. Prüfkörper [dik] Test Piece [dik] uncurated raw, compounded, vulcanized or partially vulcanized rubber in the form of end-of-life rubber products or factory scrap unverarbeiteter, gemischter, vulkanisierter oder teilvulkanisierter Kautschuk in Form von Altgummierzeugnissen oder Fabrikabfall Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Gummiabfall [dik] Scrap Rubber [dik] uncurated raw, compounded, vulcanized or partially vulcanized rubber rejected or generated as waste during product manufacture and found unsuitable for further use unless recycled roher, gemischter, vulkanisierter oder teilweise vulkanisierter Kautschuk, der bei der Produktion ver-worfen oder als Abfall deklariert und für die weitere Verwendung, außer zum Recyceln, als ungeeignet befunden wird Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Factory Scrap [dik] Produktionsabfall [dik] uncurated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Physical Object Quality [dik] Qualität des physischen Objekts [dik] uncurated A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 PATO Physical Object Quality [pato] Qualität des physischen Objekts [pato] uncurated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 PATO Physical Quality [dik] physikalische Qualität [dik] uncurated A quality which inheres in a continuant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 PATO Physical Quality [pato] physikalische Qualität [pato] uncurated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 PATO Label der Messeinheit [dik] Measurement Unit Label [dik] uncurated A measurement unit label is as a label that is part of a scalar measurement datum and denotes a unit of measure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 IAO Label der Messeinheit [pato] Measurement Unit Label [pato] uncurated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Bezugspunkt-Label [dik] Datum Label [dik] uncurated A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 IAO Bezugspunkt-Label [iao] Datum Label [iao] uncurated Test testing; test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Assay [dik] Prüfung [dik] uncurated A qualitative or quantitative analysis performed to determine the amount of a particular constituent in a sample or the biological or pharmacological properties of a drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Assay [ncit] Prüfung [ncit] uncurated A planned process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OBI Assay [obi] Prüfung [obi] uncurated An assay with the objective to produce information about the density of the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Density Measurement Assay [dik] Prüfung zur Dichtemessung [dik] uncurated Masse pro Volumeneinheit eines Materials inklusive eventueller Hohlräume mass per unit volume of a material, including any voids present Dichte density; bulk density Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 04.05.2022 Mass Density [dik] Massendichte [dik] uncurated A measure of the compactness of a substance, expressed as its mass per unit volume. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Mass Density [ncit] Massendichte [ncit] uncurated A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of some influence is exerted by the bearer's mass per unit size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 PATO Mass Density [pato] Massendichte [pato] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Mass Density Unit [dik] Massendichte Einheit [dik] uncurated "A density unit which is a standard measure of the mass of a substance in a given volume." [UOC:GVG] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 UO Mass Density Unit [uo] Massendichte Einheit [uo] uncurated An indication of the type of unit of measure being used to express a mass density. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Massendichte Einheit [ncit] Unit Of Mass Density [ncit] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 g/cm³ Gram Per Cubic Centimeter [dik] Gramm pro Kubikzentimeter [dik] uncurated "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in grams divided by the volume in cubic centimeters." [UOC:GVG] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 UO Gram Per Cubic Centimeter [uo] Gramm pro Kubikzentimeter [uo] uncurated An assay with the objective to produce information about the viscosity of the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Prüfung zur Viskositätsmessung [dik] Viscosity Measurement Assay [dik] uncurated An assay with the objective to produce information about the Mooney viscosity of the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Mooney Viscosity Measurement Assay [dik] Prüfung zur Mooney-Viskositätsmessung [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Viscosity [dik] Viskosität [dik] uncurated The resistance of a liquid to sheer forces and flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Viscosity [ncit] Viskosität [ncit] uncurated A physical quality of a fluid inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to internal resistance to flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 PATO Viscosity [pato] Viskosität [pato] uncurated Maß für die Viskosität eines Rohkautschuks oder einer Kautschukmischung, bestimmt mit einem Mooney-Scherscheibenviskosimeter measure of the viscosity of a raw rubber or rubber compound, determined using a Mooney shearing-disc viscometer Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Mooney Viscosity [dik] Mooney Viskosität [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Viscosity Unit [dik] Viskositätseinheit [dik] uncurated "A unit which is a standard measure of the internal resistance of fluids to flow." [UOC:GVG] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 UO Viscosity Unit [uo] Viskositätseinheit [uo] uncurated A viscosity unit which is a standard measure of the Mooney viscosity. Eine Viskositätseinheit, die ein Standardmaß für die Mooney-Viskosität ist. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Mooney Viscosity Unit [dik] Mooney Viskositätseinheit [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 MU Mooney Einheit [dik] Mooney Unit [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Quality of a Substance [dik] Qualität eines Stoffes [dik] uncurated A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of its constitution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 PATO Quality of a Substance [pato] Qualität eines Stoffes [pato] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Quality of a Liquid [dik] Qualität einer Flüssigkeit [dik] uncurated A physical quality inhering in an entity exhibiting the physical characteristics of an amorphous (non-crystalline) form of matter between a gas and a solid that has a definite volume, but no definite shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 PATO Quality of a Liquid [pato] Qualität einer Flüssigkeit [pato] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Protocol [dik] Protokoll [dik] uncurated A rule which guides how an activity should be performed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Protocol [ncit] Protokoll [ncit] uncurated A plan specification which has sufficient level of detail and quantitative information to communicate it between investigation agents, so that different investigation agents will reliably be able to independently reproduce the process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OBI Protocol [obi] Protokoll [obi] uncurated A human-readable collection of information about about how a scientific experiment or analysis was carried out that results in a specific set of data or results used for further analysis or to test a specific hypothesis. http://edamontology.org Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 EDAM Protocol [edam] Protokoll [edam] uncurated A protocol which specifies the conditions, procedures, and instruments used for conducting a measurement assay in a sufficient level of detail to communicate it between investigation agents, so that different investigation agents will reliably be able to independently reproduce the measurement assay. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Measurement Protocol [dik] Messprotokoll [dik] uncurated A protocol which specifies the conditions, procedures, and instruments used for conducting a material processing in a sufficient level of detail to communicate it between investigation agents, so that different investigation agents will reliably be able to independently reproduce the material processing. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Material Processing Protocol [dik] Materialverarbeitungsprotokoll [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Herstellungsvorschrift [dik] Manufacturing Specification [dik] uncurated A measurement protocol for reliably reproducing the density measurement assay. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Density Measurement Protocol [dik] Protokoll zur Dichtemessung [dik] uncurated A measurement protocol for reliably reproducing the viscosity measurement assay. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Protokoll zur Viskositätsmessung [dik] Viscosity Measurement Protocol [dik] uncurated A viscosity measurement protocol for reliably reproducing the Mooney viscosity measurement assay. Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Mooney Viscosity Measurement Protocol [dik] Protokoll zur Mooney-Viskositätsmessung [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 °C Degree Celsius [dik] Grad Celsius [dik] uncurated A unit of temperature of the temperature scale designed so that the freezing point of water is 0 degrees and the boiling point is 100 degrees at standard atmospheric pressure. The current official definition of the Celsius sets 0.01 C to be at the triple point of water and a degree to be 1/273.16 of the difference in temperature between the triple point of water and absolute zero. One degree Celsius represents the same temperature difference as one Kelvin. [ NCI ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Degree Celsius [ncit] Grad Celsius [ncit] uncurated "A temperature unit which is equal to one kelvin degree. However, they have their zeros at different points. The centigrade scale has its zero at 273.15 K." [NIST:NIST] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UO_0000027 Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 UO Degree Celsius [uo] Grad Celsius [uo] uncurated The degree Celsius is a unit of temperature defined as 1 kelvin. The degree Celsius is a derived unit in the International System of Units. http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2 Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OM Degree Celsius [om] Grad Celsius [om] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Material Processing [dik] Materialverarbeitung [dik] uncurated A planned process which results in physical changes in a specified input material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OBI Material Processing [obi] Materialverarbeitung [obi] uncurated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034 Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Function [dik] Funktion [dik] uncurated The normal action performed by a structure or device. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Function [ncit] Funktion [ncit] uncurated Biological function of a participant or of an interaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/mi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 MI Function [mi] Funktion [mi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Device [dik] Gerät [dik] uncurated An object contrived for a specific purpose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Device [ncit] Gerät [ncit] uncurated A material entity that is designed to perform a function in a scientific investigation, but is not a reagent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OBI Device [obi] Gerät [obi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Measurement Device [dik] Messgerät [dik] uncurated Any device used to determine the dimension of an object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCIT Measurement Device [ncit] Messgerät [ncit] uncurated A device in which a measure function inheres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OBI Measurement Device [obi] Messgerät [obi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 10.05.2022 Processed Material [dik] verarbeitetes Material [dik] uncurated Is a material entity that is created or changed during material processing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 OBI Processed Material [obi] verarbeitetes Material [obi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Mischen [dik] Mixing [dik] uncurated The combining of components, particles or layers into a more homogeneous state. The mixing may be achieved manually or mechanically by shifting the material with stirrers or pumps or by revolving or shaking the container. The process μst not permit segregation of particles of different size or properties. Homogeneity may be considered to have been achieved in a practical sense when the sampling error of the processed portion is negligible compared to the total error of the measurement system. [ https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03945 ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 CHMO Mischen [chmo] Mixing [chmo] uncurated To bring or combine together or with something else; add as an additional element or part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 NCTI (Mix) [ncit] Mischen [ncit] uncurated Menge in Gramm an adsorbiertem Iod pro Kilogramm Ruß unter definierten Bedingungen Number of grams of iodine adsorbed per kilogram of carbon black under specified conditions Jodzahl; Iodzahl Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 03.05.2022 Die Eigenschaft ist eine Angabe zur Oberfläche eines Rußes. ISO 1304 beinhaltet ein Verfahren für die Bestimmung der Iodzahl. The property is an indication of the surface area of a carbon black. ISO 1304 contains a method for the determination of the iodine adsorption number. Iodine Adsorption Number [dik] Jodadsorptionszahl [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Specific Surface [dik] Spezifische Oberfläche [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Mass Specific Surface [dik] Massenbezogene spezifische Oberfläche [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Volume Specific Surface [dik] Volumenbezogene spezifische Oberfläche [dik] uncurated Die Ölabsorptionszahl eines Rußes steht im Zusammenhang mit den Verarbeitungs- und Vulkanisationseigenschaften von Kautschukmischungen die den Ruß enthalten The oil absorption number of a carbon black is related to the processing and vulcanizate properties of rubber compounds containing the carbon black Alexander Aschemann English ASTM D2414-12 03.05.2022 Oil Absorption Number [dik] Ölabsorptionszahl [dik] uncurated Als kinematische Viskosität bezeichnet man den Quotienten aus der dynamischen Viskosität des Mediums und seiner Dichte Kinematic viscosity is the quotient of the dynamic viscosity of the medium and its density. Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Kinematic Viscosity [dik] Kinematische Viskosität [dik] uncurated The ratio of the dynamic viscosity (μ) over the density of the fluid (ρ), which is noted as (length)^2/time. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosity#Kinematic_viscosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 UO Kinematic Viscosity [uo] Kinematische Viskosität [uo] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Erstarrungspunkt [dik] Setting Point [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Molecular Weight [dik] Molekulargewicht [dik] uncurated Molecular weight in g/mol, determined from molecular formula or sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/mi.owl Luis Ramos English 25.08.2022 25.08.2022 MI Molecular Weight [mi] Molekulargewicht [mi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Acid Value [dik] Säurezahl‎ [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Melting Range [dik] Schmelzbereich‎ [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 03.05.2022 Oil Content [dik] Öl-Gehalt‎ [dik] uncurated Verhältnis von Schubspannung zu Scherdehnung, wobei jede durch eine komplexe Zahl dargestellt werden kann ratio of the shear stress to the shear strain, where each can be represented by a complex number Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 G* Complex Shear Modulus [dik] komplexer Schubmodul [dik] uncurated Verhältnis von Normalspannung zur Belastung, wobei jede durch eine komplexe Zahl dargestellt werden kann ratio of the normal stress to the normal strain, where each can be represented by a complex number Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 E* Complex Young’s Modulus [dik] komplexer Young’s Modul [dik] uncurated die Komponente einer aufgebrachten Schubspannung, welche in Phase mit der Scherdeformation ist, geteilt durch die Dehnung that component of an applied shear stress which is in phase with the shear strain, divided by the strain Schermodul storage shear modulus Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 G' Elastic Shear Modulus [dik] Elastizitätsmodul [dik] uncurated die Komponente einer angewandten Normalspannung, welche in Phase mit der Normaldehnung ist, geteilt durch die Dehnung that component of an applied normal stress which is in phase with the normal strain, divided by the strain Youngscher Speichermodul storage Young’s modulus Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 E' Elastic Young’s Modulus [dik] Youngscher Elastizitätsmodul [dik] uncurated der Anteil einer aufgebrachten Schubspannung, welche 90° phasenverschoben gegenüber der Scherdeformation ist, geteilt durch die Dehnung that component of an applied shear stress which is in quadrature (90° out of phase) with the shear strain, divided by the strain Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 G'' Loss Shear Modulus [dik] Verlustmodul [dik] uncurated der Anteil einer aufgebrachten Normalspannung, welcher 90° phasenverschoben gegenüber der Normaldehnung ist, geteilt durch die Dehnung that component of an applied normal stress which is in quadrature (90° out of phase) with the normal strain, divided by the strain Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 E'' Loss Young’s Modulus [dik] Young’sches Verlustmodul [dik] uncurated Maß für die Steifigkeit unter definierten Bedingungen bei Verformung measure of stiffness under specified conditions of deformation Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 Diese Bezeichnung sollte nicht alleine verwendet werden und sollte einhergehen mit der Art der Verformung, z. B. Druck- oder Schermodul. The term should not be used in isolation and should be prefaced by the mode of deformation, e.g. compression modulus or shear modulus. Modul [dik] Modulus [dik] uncurated Verhältnis des Verlustmoduls zum Speichermodul ratio of the viscous modulus to the elastic modulus Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 tanδ Es handelt sich dabei um ein Maß für den Verlustfaktor und somit für die Energie, die durch Umwandlung in Wärme verloren geht. It is a measure of the loss factor and thus of the energy lost by conversion into heat. Tan Delta [dik] Tangens delta [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Viscometer [dik] Viskosimeter [dik] uncurated Mooney-Viskosimeter Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 Mooney Shearing-Disc Viscometer [dik] Mooney-Scherscheibenviskosimeter [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Curemeter [dik] Rheometer [dik] uncurated Rheometertyp, bei welchem die auf die Kautschukmischung einwirkenden Kräfte durch eine in der Testprobe eingebettete schwingende Scheibe erzeugt werden, wobei sich die Probe unter Druck in einem abgedichteten Probenaufnehmer befindet type of curemeter in which the force applied to the rubber compound is produced by an oscillating disc embedded in a test sample which is contained under pressure in a sealed cavity Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 Oscillating-Disc Curemeter [dik] oszillierendes Scheibenrheometer [dik] uncurated Typ eines Rheometers, bei welchem die Kraft, die auf die Kautschukmischung einwirkt, durch die Oszillation einer von zwei Platten erzeugt wird, die die Kammer bilden, in welcher die Testprobe eingeschlossen ist type of curemeter in which the force applied to the rubber compound is produced by the oscillation of one of the two dies forming the cavity in which the test sample is enclosed Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 Rotorless Curemeter [dik] rotorloser Rheometer [dik] uncurated Gerät zur Messung des Fortschritts der Vulkanisation in einer Probe bei der Vulkanisationsstemperatur device that measures the progress of vulcanization in a test sample at the vulcanizing temperature Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 Vulcameter [dik] Vulkameter [dik] uncurated Presse, die zwei oder mehrere übereinanderliegende beheizte Platten besitzt, zwischen denen die Formteile gepresst werden press having two or more super-imposed heated platens between which moulds are pressed Etagenpresse; Heizpresse daylight press Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 Platen Press [dik] Plattenpresse [dik] uncurated flache Metallplatte (oder Schale), die Hitze und Druck auf ein oder mehrere Formteile überträgt, die sich in einer Presse befinden flat metal plate (or chest) which applies heat and pressure to one or more mould(s) in a press Alexander Aschemann English DIN ISO 1382:2016-07 10.05.2022 Platen [dik] Platte [dik] uncurated 2-ethylidene-5-norbornene Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 ENB Ethylidene Norbornene [dik] Ethylidennorbornen [dik] uncurated An assay with the objective to produce information about the concentration of a specific substance in the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Concentration Measurement Assay [dik] Prüfung zur Konzentrationsmessung [dik] uncurated A concentration measurement assay with the objective to produce information about the concentration of ethylene in the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Ethylene Concentration Measurement Assay [dik] Prüfung zur Ethylen-Konzentrationsmessung [dik] uncurated A concentration measurement assay with the objective to produce information about the concentration of ethylidene norbornene in the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Ethylidene Norbornene Concentration Measurement Assay [dik] Prüfung zur Ethylidennorbornen-Konzentrationsmessung [dik] uncurated An assay with the objective to produce information about the molecular weight distribution of the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Molecular Weight Distribution Measurement Assay [dik] Prüfung zur Molekulargewichtsverteilung [dik] uncurated A measurement protocol for reliably reproducing the concentration measurement assay. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Concentration Measurement Protocol [dik] Protokoll zur Konzentrationsmessung [dik] uncurated A concentration measurement protocol for reliably reproducing the ethylene concentration measurement assay. Alexander Aschemann English ASTM D3900 21.05.2022 Ethylene Concentration Measurement Protocol [dik] Protokoll zur Ethylen-Konzentrationsmessung [dik] uncurated A concentration measurement protocol for reliably reproducing the ethylidene norbornene concentration measurement assay. Alexander Aschemann English ASTM D6047 21.05.2022 Ethylidene Norbornene Concentration Measurement Protocol [dik] Protokoll zur Ethylidennorbornen-Konzentrationsmessung [dik] uncurated A measurement protocol for reliably reproducing the molecular weight distribution measurement assay. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Molecular Weight Distribution Measurement Protocol [dik] Protokoll zur Molekulargewichtsverteilung [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 26.08.2022 21.05.2022 Ethylene Group [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Hydrocarbylene Group [dik] uncurated A bivalent group formed by removing two hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon, the free valencies of which are not engaged in a double bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 CHEBI Hydrocarbylene Group [chebi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Organodiyl Group [dik] uncurated Any organic substituent group, regardless of functional type, having two free valences at carbon atom(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 CHEBI Organodiyl Group [chebi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Organic Divalent Group [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Organic Group [dik] Organik-Gruppe [dik] uncurated Any substituent group or skeleton containing carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 CHEBI Organic Group [chebi] Organik-Gruppe [chebi] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Group [dik] Gruppe [dik] uncurated Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 NCIT Group [ncit] Gruppe [ncit] uncurated A defined linked collection of atoms or a single atom within a molecular entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 CHEBI Group [chebi] Gruppe [chebi] uncurated Can be used to link to a property group to indicate that a property shape belongs to a group of related property shapes. http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl# Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 SHACL Group [shacl] Gruppe [shacl] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Percent [dik] Prozent [dik] uncurated "A dimensionless ratio unit which denotes numbers as fractions of 100." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 UO Percent [uo] Prozent [uo] uncurated The percent is a unit of dimension one defined as 1/100. http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2 Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 OM Percent [om] Prozent [om] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Ratio [dik] Verhältnis [dik] uncurated Quotient of quantities of the same kind for different components within the same system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 NCIT Ratio [ncit] Verhältnis [ncit] uncurated "A dimensionless ratio unit which, given a pair of quantities a and b, for which b is a multiple of a, denotes b by giving the multiplier (coefficient) c for a to result in b." [UOB:LKSR] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 UO Ratio [uo] Verhältnis [uo] uncurated "A dimensionless unit which denotes an amount or magnitude of one quantity relative to another." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 UO Ratio [uo] Verhältnis [uo] uncurated A ratio is a data item which is formed with two numbers r and s is written r/s, where r is the numerator and s is the denominator. The ratio of r to s is equivalent to the quotient r/s. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ms.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 MS Ratio [ms] Verhältnis [ms] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Dimensionless Unit [dik] dimensionslose Einheit [dik] uncurated "A unit which is a standard measure of physical quantity consisting of only a numerical number without any units." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ms.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 MS Dimensionless Unit [ms] dimensionslose Einheit [ms] uncurated weight percent Alexander Aschemann English DIN 1310 21.05.2022 wt % Mass Percentage [dik] Massenanteil [dik] uncurated "A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the mass of a substance in a mixture as a percentage of the mass of the entire mixture." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 UO Mass Percentage [uo] Massenanteil [uo] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 vol % Volume Percentage [dik] Volumenprozent [dik] uncurated "A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the volume of the solute in mL per 100 mL of the resulting solution." [UOC:GVG] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uo.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 UO Volume Percentage [uo] Volumenprozent [uo] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Concentration of [dik] Konzentration von [dik] uncurated A quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with another substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 PATO Concrentration [pato] Konzentration [pato] uncurated The concentration of a chemical compound. http://edamontology.org Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 EDAM Concrentration [edam] Konzentration [edam] uncurated Experimental method output expressing the contribution of one constituent to the composition of a mixture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chmo.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 CHMO Concrentration [chmo] Konzentration [chmo] uncurated The quantity of a substance per unit volume or weight; a measure of the amount of substance present in a unit amount of mixture, particularly, the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. The amounts can be expressed as moles, masses, volumes, or parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncit.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 NCIT Concrentration [ncit] Konzentration [ncit] uncurated the strength of a solution; number of molecules of a substance in a given volume http://purl.dataone.org/odo/ECSO8.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 ECSO Concrentration [ecso] Konzentration [ecso] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Molecular Quality [dik] molekulare Qualität [dik] uncurated A quality which inheres in a molecular entity, a single molecule, atom, ion, radical etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 PATO Molecular Quality [pato] molekulare Qualität [pato] uncurated A concentration of ethylene inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with ethylene. Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Ethylen-Konzentration [dik] Ethylene Concentration [dik] uncurated A concentration of ethylidene norbornene inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with ethylidene norbornene. ENB-concentration Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Ethylidene Norbornene Concentration [dik] Ethylidennorbornen-Konzentration [dik] uncurated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29853 Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Ethylidene Group [dik] Ethylidengruppe [dik] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Quality of a Solid [dik] Qualität eines Festkörpers [dik] uncurated A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting the physical characteristics of an entity characterized by particles arranged such that their shape and volume are relatively stable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 PATO Quality of a Solid [pato] Qualität eines Festkörpers [pato] uncurated Alexander Aschemann English 21.05.2022 Optical Quality [dik] optische Qualität [dik] uncurated An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pato.owl Luis Ramos English 26.08.2022 26.08.2022 Optical Quality [pato] optische Qualität [dik] example to be eventually removed example to be eventually removed failed exploratory term The term was used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job Person:Alan Ruttenberg failed exploratory term metadata complete Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete. metadata complete organizational term Term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg organizational term ready for release Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release." ready for release metadata incomplete Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors. metadata incomplete uncurated Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term. uncurated pending final vetting All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor. pending final vetting placeholder removed placeholder removed terms merged An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge. terms merged term imported This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use. term imported term split This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created. term split universal Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents. Alan Ruttenberg A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf universal defined class A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal "definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal. Alan Ruttenberg defined class named class expression A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression. named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions Alan Ruttenberg named class expression to be replaced with external ontology term Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology. Alan Ruttenberg group:OBI to be replaced with external ontology term requires discussion A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues. Alan Ruttenberg group:OBI requires discussion Transformation-ML Transformation-ML file describing parameter transformations used in a GvHD experiment. Transformation-ML is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the Transformation-ML standard.(http://wiki.ficcs.org/ficcs/Transformation-ML?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Transformation-ML_v1.0.26.pdf) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://wiki.ficcs.org/ficcs/Transformation-ML?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Transformation-ML_v1.0.26.pdf Transformation-ML ACS d06.acs, ACS1.0 data file of well D06 of plate 2 of part 1 of a GvHD experiment. ACS is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the Analytical Cytometry Standard. (http://www.isac-net.org/content/view/607/150/) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://www.isac-net.org/content/view/607/150/ ACS XML RDF/XML file, OWL file, Compensation-ML file, WSDL document, SVG document XML is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the W3C Extensible Markup Language Recommendation.(http://www.w3.org/XML/) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://www.w3.org/XML/ XML RDF A FOAF file, a SKOS file, an OWL file. RDF is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the W3C Resource Description Framework RDF/XML Syntax specification.(http://www.w3.org/RDF/) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://www.w3.org/RDF/ RDF zip MagicDraw MDZIP archive, Java JAR file. zip is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the PKWARE .ZIP file format specification (http://www.pkware.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=59&Itemid=103/) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://www.pkware.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=59&Itemid=103/ zip tar Example.tar file. tar is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the tape archive file format as standardized by POSIX.1-1998, POSIX.1-2001, or any other tar format compliant with the GNU tar specification. (http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/ tar FCS d01.fcs, FCS3 data file of well D06 of plate 2 of part 1 of a GvHD experiment. FCS is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the Flow Cytometry Data File Standard.(http://www.fcspress.com/) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://www.fcspress.com/ FCS Compensation-ML compfoo.xml, Compensation-ML file describing compensation used in a GvHD experiment Compensation-ML is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the Compensation-ML standard. (http://wiki.ficcs.org/ficcs/Compensation-ML?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Compensation-ML_v1.0.24.pdf) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://wiki.ficcs.org/ficcs/Compensation-ML?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Compensation-ML_v1.0.24.pdf Compensation-ML Gating-ML foogate.xml, Gating-ML file describing gates used in a GvHD experiment. Gating-ML is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the Gating-ML standard. (http://www.flowcyt.org/gating/) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://www.flowcyt.org/gating/ Gating-ML OWL OBI ontology file, Basic Formal Ontology file, BIRNLex file, BioPAX file. OWL is a format standard of a digital entity that is conformant with the W3C Web Ontology Language specification.(http://www.w3.org/2004/OWL/) person:Jennifer Fostel web-page:http://www.w3.org/2004/OWL/ OWL Affymetrix Affymetrix supplied microarray An organization which supplies technology, tools and protocols for use in high throughput applications Affymetrix Thermo Philippe Rocca-Serra Thermo Waters Philippe Rocca-Serra Waters BIO-RAD Philippe Rocca-Serra BIO-RAD GenePattern hierarchical clustering James Malone GenePattern hierarchical clustering Ambion Philippe Rocca-Serra Ambion Helicos Philippe Rocca-Serra Helicos Roche Philippe Rocca-Serra Roche Illumina Philippe Rocca-Serra Illumina GenePattern PCA GenePattern PCA GenePattern module SVM GenePattern module SVM is a GenePattern software module which is used to run a support vector machine data transformation. James Malone Ryan Brinkman GenePattern module SVM GenePattern k-nearest neighbors James Malone GenePattern k-nearest neighbors GenePattern LOOCV GenePattern LOOCV GenePattern k-means clustering James Malone GenePattern k-means clustering Agilent Philippe Rocca-Serra Agilent GenePattern module KMeansClustering GenePattern module KMeansClustering is a GenePattern software module which is used to perform a k Means clustering data transformation. James Malone PERSON: James Malone GenePattern module KMeansClustering GenePattern CART James Malone GenePattern CART GenePattern module CARTXValidation GenePattern module CARTXValidation is a GenePattern software module which uses a CART decision tree induction with a leave one out cross validation data transformations. GenePattern module CARTXValidation Li-Cor Philippe Rocca-Serra Li-Cor Bruker Corporation Philippe Rocca-Serra Bruker Corporation GenePattern module KNNXValidation GenePattern module KNNXValidation is a GenePattern software module which uses a k-nearest neighbours clustering with a leave one out cross validation data transformations. James Malone PERSON: James Malone GenePattern module KNNXValidation GenePattern module PeakMatch GenePattern module PeakMatch GenePattern module KNN GenePattern module KNN is a GenePattern software module which perform a k-nearest neighbors data transformation. James Malone GenePattern module KNN GenePattern module HierarchicalClustering GenePattern module HierarchicalClustering is a GenePattern software module which is used to perform a hierarchical clustering data transformation. James Malone PERSON: James Malone GenePattern module HierarchicalClustering GenePattern SVM James Malone GenePattern SVM Applied Biosystems Philippe Rocca-Serra Applied Biosystems GenePattern module PCA GenePattern module PCA is a GenePattern software module which is used to perform a principal components analysis dimensionality reduction data transformation. James Malone PERSON: James Malone GenePattern module PCA GenePattern peak matching James Malone Ryan Brinkman GenePattern peak matching Bruker Daltonics Philippe Rocca-Serra Bruker Daltonics GenePattern HeatMapViewer data visualization The GenePattern process of generating Heat Maps from clustered data. James Malone GenePattern HeatMapViewer data visualization GenePattern HierarchicalClusteringViewer data visualization The GenePattern process of generating hierarchical clustering visualization from clustered data. James Malone GenePattern HierarchicalClusteringViewer data visualization GenePattern module HeatMapViewer A GenePattern software module which is used to generate a heatmap view of data. James Malone GenePattern module HeatMapViewer GenePattern module HierarchicalClusteringViewer A GenePattern software module which is used to generate a view of data that has been hierarchically clustered. James Malone GenePattern module HierarchicalClusteringViewer Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan WEB:http://www.sysmex.com/@2009/08/06 Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan U.S. Food and Drug Administration FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration right handed right handed ambidexterous ambidexterous left handed left handed Edingburgh handedness inventory The Edinburgh Handedness Inventory is a set of questions used to assess the dominance of a person's right or left hand in everyday activities. PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Jessica Turner PMID:5146491#Oldfield, R.C. (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia, 9, 97-113 WEB:http://www.cse.yorku.ca/course_archive/2006-07/W/4441/EdinburghInventory.html Edingburgh handedness inventory eBioscience Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.ebioscience.com/@2011/04/11 eBioscience Cytopeia Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.cytopeia.com/@2011/04/11 Cytopeia Exalpha Biological Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.exalpha.com/@2011/04/11 Exalpha Biological Apogee Flow Systems Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.apogeeflow.com/@2011/04/11 Apogee Flow Systems Exbio Antibodies Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.exbio.cz/@2011/04/11 Exbio Antibodies Becton Dickinson (BD Biosciences) Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.bdbiosciences.com/@2011/04/11 Becton Dickinson (BD Biosciences) Dako Cytomation Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.dakousa.com/@2011/04/11 Dako Cytomation Millipore Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.guavatechnologies.com/@2011/04/11 Millipore Antigenix Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.antigenix.com/@2011/04/11 Antigenix Partec Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.partec.de/@2011/04/11 Partec Beckman Coulter Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.beckmancoulter.com/@2011/04/11 Beckman Coulter Advanced Instruments Inc. (AI Companies) Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.aicompanies.com/@2011/04/11 Advanced Instruments Inc. (AI Companies) Miltenyi Biotec Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.miltenyibiotec.com/@2011/04/11 Miltenyi Biotec AES Chemunex Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.aeschemunex.com/@2011/04/11 AES Chemunex Bentley Instruments Karin Breuer WEB:http://bentleyinstruments.com/@2011/04/11 Bentley Instruments Invitrogen Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.invitrogen.com/@2011/04/11 Invitrogen Luminex Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.luminexcorp.com/@2011/04/11 Luminex CytoBuoy Karin Breuer WEB:http://www.cytobuoy.com/@2011/04/11 CytoBuoy Nimblegen An organization that focuses on manufacturing target enrichment probe pools for DNA sequencing. Person: Jie Zheng Nimblegen Pacific Biosciences An organization that supplies tools for studying the synthesis and regulation of DNA, RNA and protein. It developed a powerful technology platform called single molecule real-time (SMRT) technology which enables real-time analysis of biomolecules with single molecule resolution. Person: Jie Zheng Pacific Biosciences NanoString Technologies An organization that supplies life science tools for translational research and molecular diagnostics based on a novel digital molecular barcoding technology. The NanoString platform can provide simple, multiplexed digital profiling of single molecules. NanoString Technologies Thermo Fisher Scientific An organization that is an American multinational, biotechnology product development company, created in 2006 by the merger of Thermo Electron and Fisher Scientific. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific Thermo Fisher Scientific G1: Well differentiated A histologic grade according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor cells and the organization of the tumor tissue appear close to normal. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis G1 https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/prognosis/tumor-grade-fact-sheet NCI BBRB G1: Well differentiated G2: Moderately differentiated A histologic grade according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor cells are moderately differentiated and reflect an intermediate grade. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis G2 https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/prognosis/tumor-grade-fact-sheet NCI BBRB G2: Moderately differentiated G3: Poorly differentiated A histologic grade according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor cells are poorly differentiated and do not look like normal cells and tissue. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis G3 https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/prognosis/tumor-grade-fact-sheet NCI BBRB G3: Poorly differentiated G4: Undifferentiated A histologic grade according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor cells are undifferentiated and do not look like normal cells and tissue. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis G4 https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/prognosis/tumor-grade-fact-sheet NCI BBRB G4: Undifferentiated G1 (Fuhrman) A histologic grade according to the Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System indicating that nuclei are round, uniform, approximately 10um and that nucleoli are inconspicuous or absent. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Grade 1 NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB G1 (Fuhrman) G2 (Fuhrman) A histologic grade according to the Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System indicating that nuclei are slightly irregular, approximately 15um and nucleoli are evident. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Grade 2 NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB G2 (Fuhrman) G3 (Fuhrman) A histologic grade according to the Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System indicating that nuclei are very irregular, approximately 20um and nucleoli large and prominent. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Grade 3 NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB G3 (Fuhrman) G4 (Fuhrman) A histologic grade according to the Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System indicating that nuclei arei bizarre and multilobulated, 20um or greater and nucleoli are prominent and chromatin clumped. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Grade 4 NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB G4 (Fuhrman) Low grade ovarian tumor A histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to a two-tier grading system indicating that the tumor is low grade. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Low grade NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB Low grade ovarian tumor High grade ovarian tumor A histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to a two-tier grading system indicating that the tumor is high grade. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis High grade NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB High grade ovarian tumor G1 (WHO) A histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to the World Health Organization indicating that the tumor is well differentiated. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis G1 NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB G1 (WHO) G2 (WHO) A histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to the World Health Organization indicating that the tumor is moderately differentiated. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis G2 NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB G2 (WHO) G3 (WHO) A histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to the World Health Organization indicating that the tumor is poorly differentiated. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis G3 NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB G3 (WHO) G4 (WHO) A histologic grade for ovarian tumor according to the World Health Organization indicating that the tumor is undifferentiated. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis G4 NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB G4 (WHO) pT0 (colon) A pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no evidence of primary tumor. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT0 (colon) pTis (colon) A pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating carcinoma in situ (intraepithelial or invasion of lamina propria). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_t/ NCI BBRB pTis (colon) pT1 (colon) A pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor invades submucosa. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1 (colon) pT2 (colon) A pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor invades muscularis propria. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2 (colon) pT3 (colon) A pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor invades subserosa or into non-peritionealized pericolic or perirectal tissues. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3 (colon) pT4a (colon) A pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor perforates visceral peritoneum. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT4a (colon) pT4b (colon) A pathologic primary tumor stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor directly invades other organs or structures. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT4b (colon) pT0 (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no evidence of primary tumor. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT0 (lung) pTis (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating carcinoma in situ. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pTis (lung) pT1 (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1 (lung) pT1a (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1a (lung) pT1b (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 2 cm but not more than 3 cm in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1b (lung) pT2 (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 3 cm but not more than 7 cm or the tumor has any of the following features: involves main bronchus, 2 cm or more distal to the carina, invades visceral pleura, associated with atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis that extends to the hilar region but does not involve the entire lung. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2 (lung) pT2a (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 3 cm but not more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2a (lung) pT2b (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 5 cm but not more than 7 cm in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2b (lung) pT3 (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 7 cm or one that directly invades any of: parietal pleura, chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardiu or the tumor is in the main bronchus less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina or there is associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or there is separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe as the primary. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3 (lung) pT4 (lung) A pathologic primary tumor stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina or there is separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe to that of the primary. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT4 (lung) pT0 (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no evidence of primary tumor. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT0 (kidney) pT1 (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is 7 cm or less in greatest dimension and limited to the kidney. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1 (kidney) pT1a (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is 4 cm or less. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1a (kidney) pT1b (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 4 cm but not more than 7 cm. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1b (kidney) pT2 (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 7 cm in greatest dimension and limited to the kidney. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2 (kidney) pT2a (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 7 cm but not more than 10 cm. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2a (kidney) pT2b (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is more than 10 cm and limited to the kidney. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2b (kidney) pT3 (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor extends into major veins or perinephric tissues but not into the ipsilateral adrenal gland and not beyond the Gerota fascia. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3 (kidney) pT3a (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor grossly extends into the renal vein or its segmental (muscle containing) branches, or the tumor invades perirenal and/or renal sinus fat (peripelvic) fat but not beyond Gerota fascia. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3a (kidney) pT3b (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor grossly extends into vena cava below diaphragm. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3b (kidney) pT3c (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor grossly extends into vena cava above the diaphragm or Invades the wall of the vena cava. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3c (kidney) pT4 (kidney) A pathologic primary tumor stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor invades beyond Gerota fascia (including contiguous extension into the ipsilateral adrenal gland). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT4 (kidney) pT0 (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no evidence of primary tumor. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT0 (ovary) pT1 (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is limited to the ovaries (one or both). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1 (ovary) pT1a (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is limited to one ovary; capsule intact, no tumor on ovarian surface and no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1a (ovary) pT1b (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is limited to both ovaries; capsule intact, no tumor on ovarian surface and no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1b (ovary) pT1c (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor is limited to one or both ovaries with capsule ruptured, tumor on ovarian surface, or malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT1c (ovary) pT2 (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor involves one or both ovaries with pelvic extension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2 (ovary) pT2a (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor has extension and/or implants on uterus and/or tube(s) and no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2a (ovary) pT2b (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor has extension to other pelvic tissues and no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2b (ovary) pT2c (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor has pelvic extension with malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT2c (ovary) pT3 (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor involves one or both ovaries with microscopically confirmed peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvis and/or regional lymph node metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3 (ovary) pT3a (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor has microscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3a (ovary) pT3b (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor has macroscopic peritoneal, metastatasis beyond pelvis, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3b (ovary) pT3c (ovary) A pathologic primary tumor stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that the tumor has peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis, more than 2 cm in greatest dimension and/or regional lymph node metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_t/ NCI BBRB pT3c (ovary) pN0 (colon) A pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating no regional lymph node metastsis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN0 (colon) pN1 (colon) A pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN1 (colon) pN1a (colon) A pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in 1 regional lymph node. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN1a (colon) pN1b (colon) A pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in 2-3 regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN1b (colon) pN1c (colon) A pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating tumor deposit(s), i.e., satellites in the subserosa, or in non-peritonealized pericolic or perirectal soft tissue without regional lymph node metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN1c (colon) pN2 (colon) A pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN2 (colon) pN2a (colon) A pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in 4 to 6 regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN2a (colon) pN2b (colon) A pathologic lymph node stage for colon and rectum according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in 7 or more regional lymph nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN2b (colon) pN0 (lung) A pathologic lymph node stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating no regional lymph node metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN0 (lung) pN1 (lung) A pathologic lymph node stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary nodes, including involvement by direct extension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN1 (lung) pN2 (lung) A pathologic lymph node stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph node(s). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN2 (lung) pN3 (lung) A pathologic lymph node stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating metastasis in contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph node(s). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN3 (lung) pN0 (kidney) A pathologic lymph node stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no regional lymph node metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN0 (kidney) pN1 (kidney) A pathologic lymph node stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is regional lymph node metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN1 (kidney) pN0 (ovary) A pathologic lymph node stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no regional lymph node metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN0 (ovary) pN1 (ovary) A pathologic lymph node stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is regional lymph node metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_n/ NCI BBRB pN1 (ovary) cM0 (colon) A pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there are no symptoms or signs of distant metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging#Pathological_M_Categorization_.28cM_and_pM.29 NCI BBRB cM0 (colon) cM1 (colon) A pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is clinical evidence of distant metastases by history, physical examination, imaging studies, or invasive procedures, but without microscopic evidence of the presumed distant metastases. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging#Pathological_M_Categorization_.28cM_and_pM.29 NCI BBRB cM1 (colon) cM1a (colon) A pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that metastasis is confined to one organ based on clinical assessment. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM1a (colon) cM1b (colon) A pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that metastasis is in more than one organ or the peritoneum based on clinical assessment. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM1b (colon) pM1 (colon) A pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is microscopic evidence confirming distant metastatic disease. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_m/ NCI BBRB pM1 (colon) pM1a (colon) A pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that metastasis is confined to one organ and histologically confirmed. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_m/ NCI BBRB pM1a (colon) pM1b (colon) A pathologic distant metastases stage for colon according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that metastasis is in more than one organ or the peritoneum and histologically confirmed. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/colon/path_m/ NCI BBRB pM1b (colon) cM0 (lung) A pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no distant metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM0 (lung) cM1 (lung) A pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there are distant metastases based on clinical assessment. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM1 (lung) cM1a (lung) A pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that metastasis is based on clinical assessment and a separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural nodules OR malignant pleural or pericardial effusion. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM1a (lung) cM1b (lung) A pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is a distant metastases based on clinical assessment. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM1b (lung) pM1 (lung) A pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is a distant metastases that is histologically confirmed. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_m/ NCI BBRB pM1 (lung) pM1a (lung) A pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that metastasis is histologically confirmed and a separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural nodules OR malignant pleural or pericardial effusion. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_m/ NCI BBRB pM1a (lung) pM1b (lung) A pathologic distant metastases stage for lung according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is a distant metastases that is histologically confirmed and associated with distant lymph nodes or carcinomatosis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/lung/path_m/ NCI BBRB pM1b (lung) cM0 (kidney) A pathologic distant metastases stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no distant metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM0 (kidney) cM1 (kidney) A pathologic distant metastases stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there are distant metastases based on clinical assessment. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM1 (kidney) pM1 (kidney) A pathologic distant metastases stage for kidney according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is a distant metastases that is histologically confirmed. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/kidney_parenchyma/path_m/ NCI BBRB pM1 (kidney) cM0 (ovary) A pathologic distant metastases stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is no distant metastasis. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM0 (ovary) cM1 (ovary) A pathologic distant metastases stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is distant metastasis except peritoneal metastasis based on clinical assessment. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_m/ NCI BBRB cM1 (ovary) pM1 (ovary) A pathologic distant metastases stage for ovary according to AJCC 7th edition indicating that there is distant metastasis except peritoneal metastasis that is histologically confirmed. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_m/ NCI BBRB pM1 (ovary) Occult Carcinoma (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating a small carcinoma, either asymptomatic or giving rise to metastases without symptoms due to the primary carcinoma. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Occult Carcinoma http://www.medilexicon.com/dictionary/14371 NCI BBRB Occult Carcinoma (AJCC 7th) Stage 0 (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating a carcinoma in situ (or melanoma in situ for melanoma of the skin or germ cell neoplasia in situ for testicular germ cell tumors) and generally is considered to have no metastatic potential. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage 0 (AJCC 7th) Stage I (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers that are smaller or less deeply invasive without regional disease or nodes. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage I https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage I (AJCC 7th) Stage IIA (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers with increasing tumor or nodal extent but less than in Stage III and with differing characteristics from IIB and IIC. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIA (AJCC 7th) Stage IIB (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers with increasing tumor or nodal extent but less than in Stage III and with differing characteristics from IIA and IIC. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIB https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIB (AJCC 7th) Stage IIC (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers with increasing tumor or nodal extent but less than in Stage III and with differing characteristics from IIA and IIB. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIC https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIC (AJCC 7th) Stage IIIA (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers with increasing tumor or nodal extent greater than in Stage II and with differing characteristics from IIIB and IIIC. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIIA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIIA (AJCC 7th) Stage IIIB (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers with increasing tumor or nodal extent greater than in Stage II and with differing characteristics from IIIA and IIIC. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIIB https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIIB (AJCC 7th) Stage IIIC (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers with increasing tumor or nodal extent greater than in Stage II and with differing characteristics from IIIA and IIIB. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIIC https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIIC (AJCC 7th) Stage IVA (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers in patients who present with distant metastases at diagnosis and with differing characteristics from IVB. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IVA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IVA (AJCC 7th) Stage IVB (AJCC 7th) A clinical tumor stage group according to AJCC 7th edition indicating cancers in patients who present with distant metastases at diagnosis and with differing characteristics from IVA. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IVB https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IVB (AJCC 7th) Stage IA (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating invasive carcinoma which can be diagnosed only by microscopy, with deepest invasion <5 mm and the largest extension <7 mm. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IA (FIGO) Stage IA1 (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating measured stromal invasion of <3.0 mm in depth and extension of <7.0 mm. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IA1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IA1 (FIGO) Stage IA2 (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating measured stromal invasion of >3.0 mm and not >5.0 mm with an extension of not >7.0 mm. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IA2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IA2 (FIGO) Stage IB (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating clinically visible lesions limited to the cervix uteri or pre-clinical cancers greater than stage IA Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IB https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IB (FIGO) Stage IB1 (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating clinically visible lesion limited to the cervix uteri or pre-clinical cancers greater than stage IA <4.0 cm in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IB1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IB1 (FIGO) Stage IB2 (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating clinically visible lesion limited to the cervix uteri or pre-clinical cancers greater than stage IA >4.0 cm in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IB2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IB2 (FIGO) Stage IIA (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating cervical carcinoma invades beyond the uterus, but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of the vagina without parametrial invasion. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIA (FIGO) Stage IIA1 (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating cervical carcinoma invades beyond the uterus, but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of the vagina without parametrial invasion and clinically visible lesion <4.0 cm in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIA1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIA1 (FIGO) Stage IIA2 (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating cervical carcinoma invades beyond the uterus, but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of the vagina without parametrial invasion and clinically visible lesion >4.0 cm in greatest dimension. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIA2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIA2 (FIGO) Stage IIB (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating cervical carcinoma invades beyond the uterus, but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of the vagina with obvious parametrial invasion. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIB https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIB (FIGO) Stage IIIA (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating tumour involves lower third of the vagina, with no extension to the pelvic wall. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIIA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIIA (FIGO) Stage IIIB (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating extension to the pelvic wall and/or hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IIIB https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IIIB (FIGO) Stage IVA (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating spread of the growth to adjacent organs. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IVA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IVA (FIGO) Stage IVB (FIGO) An International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer stage value specification indicating spread to distant organs. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage IVB https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer_staging NCI BBRB Stage IVB (FIGO) Stage 1 (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T1, N0, and M0. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 1 https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 1 (FIGO) Stage 1A (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T1a, N0, and M0. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 1A https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 1A (FIGO) Stage 1B (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T1b, N0, and M0. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 1B https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 1B (FIGO) Stage 1C (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T1c, N0, and M0. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 1C https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 1C (FIGO) Stage 2 (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T2, N0, and M0. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 2 https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 2 (FIGO) Stage 2A (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T2a, N0, and M0. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 2A https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 2A (FIGO) Stage 2B (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T2b, N0, and M0. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 2B https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 2B (FIGO) Stage 2C (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T2c, N0, and M0. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 2C https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 2C (FIGO) Stage 3 (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of (T3, N0, and M0) or (T3,3a,3b, NX, and M0). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 3 https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 3 (FIGO) Stage 3A (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T3a, N0, and M0 . Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 3A https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 3A (FIGO) Stage 3B (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of T3b, N0, and M0 . Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 3B https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 3B (FIGO) Stage 3C (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of (T3c, N0,X and M0) or (any T, N1 and M0). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 3C https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 3C (FIGO) Stage 4 (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of any T, any N, and M1. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage 4 https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage 4 (FIGO) Stage Unknown (FIGO) A International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ovarian cancer stage value specification associated with TNM stage values of (T0, N0, and M0) or (T1,1a-1c,2,2a-2c, NX, and M0) or (TX, N0,X, M0). Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis Stage Unknown https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/input/1.0/ovary/path_stage_group_direct/ NCI BBRB Stage Unknown (FIGO) 3: symptomatic in bed more than 50% of the day but not bed ridden An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score value specification indicating a patient is symptomatic and in bed for more than 50% of the day but is not bed ridden. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 3: symptomatic in bed more than 50% of the day but not bed ridden 2: symptomatic but in bed less than 50% of the day An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score value specification indicating a patient is symptomatic but is in bed for less than 50% of the day. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 2: symptomatic but in bed less than 50% of the day 4: bed ridden An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score value specification indicating a patient is symptomatic and is bed ridden. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 4: bed ridden 0: asymptomatic An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score value specification indicating a patient is asymptomatic. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 0: asymptomatic 1: symptomatic but fully ambulatory An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score value specification indicating a patient is symptomatic but is fully ambulatory. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 1: symptomatic but fully ambulatory 100: asymptomatic A Karnofsky score vaue specification indicating that a patient is asymptomatic. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 100: asymptomatic 80-90: symptomatic but fully ambulatory A Karnofsky score vaue specification indicating that a patient is symptomatic but fully ambulatory. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 80-90: symptomatic but fully ambulatory 60-70: symptomatic but in bed less than 50% of the day A Karnofsky score vaue specification indicating that a patient is symptomatic but in bed less than 50% of the day. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 60-70: symptomatic but in bed less than 50% of the day 40-50: symptomatic, in bed more than 50% of the day, but not bed ridden A Karnofsky score vaue specification indicating that a patient is symptomatic, in bed more than 50% of the day, but not bed ridden. Chris Stoeckert, Helena Ellis NCI BBRB, OBI NCI BBRB 40-50: symptomatic, in bed more than 50% of the day, but not bed ridden Oxford Nanopore Technologies An organization that is developing and selling nanopore sequencing products and is based in the UK. James A. Overton https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_Nanopore_Technologies Oxford Nanopore Technologies BioGents An organization that manufactures mosquito traps and other mosquito control products. John Judkins WEB:https://eu.biogents.com/about-biogents/ BioGents Abbott A manufacturer of rapid point-of-care assay devices. John Judkins ORCID:0000-0001-6595-0902 WEB:https://www.globalpointofcare.abbott/en/about.html https://github.com/obi-ontology/obi/issues/1456 Abbott J. Mitra A manufacturer of in vitro diagnostic assay kits in India. John Judkins ORCID:0000-0001-6595-0902 WEB:https://jmitra.co.in/about-us/ https://github.com/obi-ontology/obi/issues/1456 J. Mitra InBios A manufacturer that specializes in in vitro diagnostic devices designed to test for infectious diseases. John Judkins ORCID:0000-0001-6595-0902 WEB:https://inbios.com/about/ https://github.com/obi-ontology/obi/issues/1456 InBios meter A length unit which is equal to the length of the path traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second. m meter kilogram A mass unit which is equal to the mass of the International Prototype Kilogram kept by the BIPM at Svres, France. kg kilogram second A time unit which is equal to the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom. s sec second centimeter A length unit which is equal to one hundredth of a meter or 10^[-2] m. cm centimeter millimeter A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of a meter or 10^[-3] m. mm millimeter micrometer A length unit which is equal to one millionth of a meter or 10^[-6] m. um micrometer nanometer A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a meter or 10^[-9] m. nm nanometer angstrom A length unit which is equal to 10 [-10] m. angstrom gram A mass unit which is equal to one thousandth of a kilogram or 10^[-3] kg. g gram milligram A mass unit which is equal to one thousandth of a gram or 10^[-3] g. mg milligram microgram A mass unit which is equal to one millionth of a gram or 10^[-6] g. ug microgram nanogram A mass unit which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a gram or 10^[-9] g. ng nanogram picogram A mass unit which is equal to 10^[-12] g. pg picogram degree Celsius A temperature unit which is equal to one kelvin degree. However, they have their zeros at different points. The centigrade scale has its zero at 273.15 K. C degree C degree Celsius minute A time unit which is equal to 60 seconds. min minute hour A time unit which is equal to 3600 seconds or 60 minutes. h hr hour day A time unit which is equal to 24 hours. day week A time unit which is equal to 7 days. week month A time unit which is approximately equal to the length of time of one of cycle of the moon's phases which in science is taken to be equal to 30 days. month year A time unit which is equal to 12 months which is science is taken to be equal to 365.25 days. year micromole A substance unit equal to a millionth of a mol or 10^[-6] mol. umol micromole nanomole A substance unit equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a mole or 10^[-9] mol. nmol nanomole picomole A substance unit equal to 10^[-12] mol. pmol picomole molar A unit of concentration which expresses a concentration of 1 mole of solute per liter of solution (mol/L). M molar millimolar A unit of molarity which is equal to one thousandth of a molar or 10^[-3] M. mM millimolar micromolar A unit of molarity which is equal to one millionth of a molar or 10^[-6] M. uM micromolar nanomolar A unit of molarity which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a molar or 10^[-9] M. nM nanomolar picomolar A unit of molarity which is equal to 10^[-12] M. pM picomolar cubic centimeter A volume unit which is equal to one millionth of a cubic meter or 10^[-9] m^[3], or to 1 ml. cc cubic centimeter milliliter A volume unit which is equal to one thousandth of a liter or 10^[-3] L, or to 1 cubic centimeter. ml milliliter liter A volume unit which is equal to one thousandth of a cubic meter or 10^[-3] m^[3], or to 1 decimeter. L liter cubic decimeter A volume unit which is equal to one thousand of a cubic meter or 10^[-3] m^[3], or to 1 L. cubic decimeter microliter A volume unit which is equal to one millionth of a liter or 10^[-6] L. ul microliter nanoliter A volume unit which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a liter or 10^[-9] L. nl nanoliter picoliter A volume unit which is equal to 10^[-12] L. pl picoliter hertz A frequency unit which is equal to 1 complete cycle of a recurring phenomenon in 1 second. hertz mass percentage A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the mass of a substance in a mixture as a percentage of the mass of the entire mixture. % w/w percent weight pr weight mass percentage mass volume percentage A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the mass of the substance in a mixture as a percentage of the volume of the entire mixture. % w/v percent vol per vol mass volume percentage volume percentage A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the volume of the solute in mL per 100 mL of the resulting solution. % v/v percent vol per vol volume percentage gram per liter A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in grams divided by the volume in liters. g per L g/L gram per liter milligram per milliliter A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in milligrams divided by the volume in milliliters. mg per ml mg/ml milligram per milliliter degree Fahrenheit A temperature unit which is equal to 5/9ths of a kelvin. Negative 40 degrees Fahrenheit is equal to negative 40 degrees Celsius. degree Fahrenheit pH A dimensionless concentration notation which denotes the acidity of a solution in terms of activity of hydrogen ions (H+). pH milliliter per liter A volume per unit volume unit which is equal to one millionth of a liter of solute in one liter of solution. ml per L ml/l milliliter per liter gram per deciliter A mass density unit which is equal to mass of an object in grams divided by the volume in deciliters. g/dl gram per deciliter colony forming unit per volume A concentration unit which a measure of viable bacterial numbers in a given volume. colony forming unit per volume microliters per minute A volumetric flow rate unit which is equal to one microliter volume through a given surface in one minute. microliters per minute count per nanomolar second A rate unit which is equal to one over one nanomolar second. count per nanomolar second count per molar second A rate unit which is equal to one over one molar second. count per molar second count per nanomolar A rate unit which is equal to one over one nanomolar. count per nanomolar count per molar A rate unit which is equal to one over one molar. count per molar microgram per liter A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in micrograms divided by the volume in liters. ng/ml ug/L microgram per liter true MF(X)-directly_regulates->MF(Y)-enabled_by->GP(Z) => MF(Y)-has_input->GP(Y) e.g. if 'protein kinase activity'(X) directly_regulates 'protein binding activity (Y)and this is enabled by GP(Z) then X has_input Z infer input from direct reg GP(X)-enables->MF(Y)-has_part->MF(Z) => GP(X) enables MF(Z), e.g. if GP X enables ATPase coupled transporter activity' and 'ATPase coupled transporter activity' has_part 'ATPase activity' then GP(X) enables 'ATPase activity' enabling an MF enables its parts true GP(X)-enables->MF(Y)-part_of->BP(Z) => GP(X) involved_in BP(Z) e.g. if X enables 'protein kinase activity' and Y 'part of' 'signal tranduction' then X involved in 'signal transduction' involved in BP If a molecular function (X) has a regulatory subfunction, then any gene product which is an input to that subfunction has an activity that directly_regulates X. Note: this is intended for cases where the regaultory subfunction is protein binding, so it could be tightened with an additional clause to specify this. inferring direct reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction inferring direct neg reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction inferring direct positive reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction effector input is compound function input Input of effector is input of its parent MF if effector directly regulates X, its parent MF directly regulates X if effector directly positively regulates X, its parent MF directly positively regulates X if effector directly negatively regulates X, its parent MF directly negatively regulates X 'causally downstream of' and 'overlaps' should be disjoint properties (a SWRL rule is required because these are non-simple properties). 'causally upstream of' and 'overlaps' should be disjoint properties (a SWRL rule is required because these are non-simple properties).