---
name: int-reference
description: "Reference tables for Copilot Studio YAML authoring: triggers, actions, variables, entities, Power Fx functions, templates. Preloaded by author and troubleshoot agents."
user-invocable: false
---

# Copilot Studio YAML Reference

## Core File Types

| File | Purpose |
|------|---------|
| `agent.mcs.yml` | Main agent metadata (kind: GptComponentMetadata) |
| `settings.mcs.yml` | Agent settings and configuration |
| `connectionreferences.mcs.yml` | Connector references |
| `topics/*.mcs.yml` | Conversation topics (kind: AdaptiveDialog) |
| `actions/*.mcs.yml` | Connector-based actions (kind: TaskDialog) |
| `knowledge/*.mcs.yml` | Knowledge sources (kind: KnowledgeSourceConfiguration) |
| `variables/*.mcs.yml` | Global variables (kind: GlobalVariableComponent) |
| `agents/*.mcs.yml` | Child agents (kind: AgentDialog) |

## Trigger Types

Topics with `OnRecognizedIntent` have two routing mechanisms — which one matters depends on the orchestration mode:

- **`modelDescription`** — used by **generative orchestration** (`GenerativeActionsEnabled: true`). The AI orchestrator reads this to decide routing. Primary mechanism for generative agents.
- **Trigger phrases** (`triggerQueries`) — used by **classic orchestration**. Pattern-matched against the user's utterance. Secondary hints when generative orchestration is enabled.

System triggers (`OnConversationStart`, `OnUnknownIntent`, `OnError`, etc.) fire automatically and don't use either mechanism.

| Kind | Purpose |
|------|---------|
| `OnRecognizedIntent` | Trigger phrases matched |
| `OnConversationStart` | Conversation begins |
| `OnUnknownIntent` | No topic matched (fallback) |
| `OnEscalate` | User requests human agent |
| `OnError` | Error handling |
| `OnSystemRedirect` | Triggered by redirect only |
| `OnSelectIntent` | Multiple topics matched (disambiguation) |
| `OnSignIn` | Authentication required |
| `OnToolSelected` | Child agent invocation |
| `OnKnowledgeRequested` | Custom knowledge source search triggered (YAML-only, no UI) |
| `OnGeneratedResponse` | Intercept AI-generated response before sending |
| `OnOutgoingMessage` | **Non-functional (2026-03-15)** — exists in schema but does not fire at runtime. Do not use. |

### YAML-Only Features

These features work at runtime but are **not visible in the Copilot Studio UI**. Warn users that UI edits may silently remove them.

| Feature | Notes |
|---------|-------|
| `triggerCondition` on knowledge sources | The UI only exposes this as an on/off toggle (`=false` to exclude from `UniversalSearchTool`). Arbitrary Power Fx expressions (e.g., `=Global.UserDepartment = "HR"`) work at runtime but can only be set via YAML. Use with caution. (2026-03-16) |

## Action Types

| Kind | Purpose |
|------|---------|
| `SendActivity` | Send a message |
| `Question` | Ask user for input |
| `SetVariable` | Set/compute a variable (Power Fx expression, prefix `=`) |
| `SetTextVariable` | Set a text variable using template interpolation (`{}`). Useful for converting non-text types (e.g., Number) to text: `"You have {Topic.Count} items"` |
| `ConditionGroup` | Branching logic |
| `BeginDialog` | Call another topic |
| `ReplaceDialog` | Replace current topic |
| `EndDialog` | End current topic |
| `CancelAllDialogs` | Cancel all topics |
| `ClearAllVariables` | Clear variables |
| `SearchAndSummarizeContent` | Generative answers (grounded in knowledge) |
| `AnswerQuestionWithAI` | AI answer (conversation history + general knowledge only) |
| `EditTable` | Modify a collection |
| `CSATQuestion` | Customer satisfaction |
| `LogCustomTelemetryEvent` | Logging |
| `OAuthInput` | Sign-in prompt |
| `SearchKnowledgeSources` | Search knowledge sources (returns raw results, no AI summary) |
| `CreateSearchQuery` | AI-generated search query from user input |

## Connector Actions (TaskDialog)

Connector actions (`kind: TaskDialog`) invoke external connector operations. They are stored in `actions/` and require a connection reference in `connectionreferences.mcs.yml`.

**Use `/add-action` to create new actions from available connectors.** The schema describes the structural properties of `TaskDialog` and `InvokeConnectorTaskAction`, but the specific inputs and outputs for each connector operation are connector-specific — use the connector lookup script (`connector-lookup.bundle.js`) to get the full operation details.

### Action Structure

| Field | Purpose |
|-------|---------|
| `kind: TaskDialog` | Identifies this as a connector action |
| `inputs` | Inputs: `AutomaticTaskInput` (AI-provided) or `ManualTaskInput` (fixed value) |
| `modelDisplayName` | Display name for AI orchestrator routing |
| `modelDescription` | Description for AI orchestrator routing |
| `outputs` | Output property names returned by the connector |
| `action.kind` | Always `InvokeConnectorTaskAction` for connector actions |
| `action.connectionReference` | Logical name of the connection (registered in `connectionreferences.mcs.yml`) |
| `action.connectionProperties.mode` | `Maker` (maker's credentials) or `Invoker` (end user's credentials) |
| `action.operationId` | The connector's specific operation identifier |
| `outputMode` | Usually `All` — exports all operation outputs |

### Input Types

| Input Kind | Use When | Notes |
|------------|----------|-------|
| `AutomaticTaskInput` | The AI orchestrator should provide the value based on context | Includes `description` for the AI to understand what to provide |
| `ManualTaskInput` | A fixed/hardcoded value (e.g., timezone, folder path) | Can only hardcode **strings**. Non-string values (IDs, enums) should be reviewed by the user after pushing |

### `$`-Prefixed Property Names (SharePoint, OData)

Some connectors (notably SharePoint) use OData parameters like `$filter`, `$orderby`, `$top`. These require special quoting in **TaskDialog** YAML — both single and double quotes:

```yaml
# TaskDialog (actions/*.mcs.yml) — CORRECT
- kind: ManualTaskInput
  propertyName: "'$filter'"
  value: "Status eq 'Active'"
```

`"'$filter'"` means: the outer `""` are YAML string delimiters; the inner `''` are part of the literal value sent to the runtime. Using `$filter`, `"$filter"`, or `'$filter'` alone will fail.

**InvokeConnectorAction** (inline in topics) uses a different format — the `parameters/` prefix with no inner single quotes:

```yaml
# InvokeConnectorAction (inside topics) — CORRECT
- kind: InvokeConnectorAction
  operationId: GetItems
  input:
    parameters/$filter: "Status eq 'Active'"
```

Never mix these two formats.

## System Variables

| Variable | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| `System.Bot.Name` | Agent's name |
| `System.Activity.Text` | User's current message |
| `System.Conversation.Id` | Conversation identifier |
| `System.Conversation.InTestMode` | True if in test chat |
| `System.FallbackCount` | Number of consecutive fallbacks |
| `System.Error.Message` | Error message |
| `System.Error.Code` | Error code |
| `System.SignInReason` | Why sign-in was triggered |
| `System.Recognizer.IntentOptions` | Matched intents for disambiguation |
| `System.Recognizer.SelectedIntent` | User's selected intent |
| `System.SearchQuery` | AI-rewritten search query (available in `OnKnowledgeRequested`) |
| `System.KeywordSearchQuery` | Keyword version of search query (available in `OnKnowledgeRequested`) |
| `System.SearchResults` | Table to populate with custom search results — schema: Content, ContentLocation, Title (available in `OnKnowledgeRequested`) |
| `System.ContinueResponse` | Set to `false` in `OnGeneratedResponse` to suppress auto-send |
| `System.Response.FormattedText` | The AI-generated response text (available in `OnGeneratedResponse`) |

### Variable Scopes

| Prefix | Scope | Lifetime |
|--------|-------|----------|
| `Topic.<name>` | Topic variable | Current topic only |
| `Global.<name>` | Global variable | Entire conversation (defined in `variables/` folder) |
| `System.<name>` | System variable | Built-in, read-only |

Global variables are defined as YAML files in `variables/<Name>.mcs.yml` (kind: `GlobalVariableComponent`). `aIVisibility` accepts `UseInAIContext` (orchestrator can read and reason about the value) or `Hidden` (orchestrator unaware — use for flags and internal bookkeeping).

## Prebuilt Entities

| Entity | Use Case |
|--------|----------|
| `BooleanPrebuiltEntity` | Yes/No questions |
| `NumberPrebuiltEntity` | Numeric inputs |
| `StringPrebuiltEntity` | Free text |
| `DateTimePrebuiltEntity` | Date/time |
| `EMailPrebuiltEntity` | Email addresses |

## Power Fx Expression Reference

**Only use functions from the supported list below.** Copilot Studio supports a subset of Power Fx — using unsupported functions will cause errors.

```yaml
# Arithmetic
value: =Text(Topic.number1 + Topic.number2)

# Date formatting
value: =Text(Now(), DateTimeFormat.UTC)

# Conditions
condition: =System.FallbackCount < 3
condition: =Topic.EndConversation = true
condition: =!IsBlank(Topic.Answer)
condition: =System.Conversation.InTestMode = true
condition: =System.SignInReason = SignInReason.SignInRequired
condition: =System.Recognizer.SelectedIntent.TopicId = "NoTopic"

# String interpolation in activity (uses {} without =)
activity: "Error: {System.Error.Message}"
activity: "Error code: {System.Error.Code}, Time (UTC): {Topic.CurrentTime}"

# Record creation
value: "={ DisplayName: Topic.NoneOfTheseDisplayName, TopicId: \"NoTopic\", TriggerId: \"NoTrigger\", Score: 1.0 }"

# Variable initialization (first assignment uses init: prefix)
variable: init:Topic.UserEmail
variable: init:Topic.CurrentTime
# Subsequent assignments omit init:
variable: Topic.UserEmail
```

### Supported Power Fx Functions

These are **all** the Power Fx functions available in Copilot Studio. Do NOT use any function not on this list.

**Math**: `Abs`, `Acos`, `Acot`, `Asin`, `Atan`, `Atan2`, `Cos`, `Cot`, `Degrees`, `Exp`, `Int`, `Ln`, `Log`, `Mod`, `Pi`, `Power`, `Radians`, `Rand`, `RandBetween`, `Round`, `RoundDown`, `RoundUp`, `Sin`, `Sqrt`, `Sum`, `Tan`, `Trunc`

**Text**: `Char`, `Concat`, `Concatenate`, `EncodeHTML`, `EncodeUrl`, `EndsWith`, `Find`, `Left`, `Len`, `Lower`, `Match`, `MatchAll`, `Mid`, `PlainText`, `Proper`, `Replace`, `Right`, `Search`, `Split`, `StartsWith`, `Substitute`, `Text`, `Trim`, `TrimEnds`, `UniChar`, `Upper`, `Value`

**Date/Time**: `Date`, `DateAdd`, `DateDiff`, `DateTime`, `DateTimeValue`, `DateValue`, `Day`, `EDate`, `EOMonth`, `Hour`, `IsToday`, `Minute`, `Month`, `Now`, `Second`, `Time`, `TimeValue`, `TimeZoneOffset`, `Today`, `Weekday`, `WeekNum`, `Year`

**Logical**: `And`, `Coalesce`, `If`, `IfError`, `IsBlank`, `IsBlankOrError`, `IsEmpty`, `IsError`, `IsMatch`, `IsNumeric`, `IsType`, `Not`, `Or`, `Switch`

**Table**: `AddColumns`, `Column`, `ColumnNames`, `Count`, `CountA`, `CountIf`, `CountRows`, `Distinct`, `DropColumns`, `Filter`, `First`, `FirstN`, `ForAll`, `Index`, `Last`, `LastN`, `LookUp`, `Patch`, `Refresh`, `RenameColumns`, `Sequence`, `ShowColumns`, `Shuffle`, `Sort`, `SortByColumns`, `Summarize`, `Table`

**Aggregate**: `Average`, `Max`, `Min`, `StdevP`, `VarP`

**Type conversion**: `AsType`, `Boolean`, `Dec2Hex`, `Decimal`, `Float`, `GUID`, `Hex2Dec`, `JSON`, `ParseJSON`

**Other**: `Blank`, `ColorFade`, `ColorValue`, `Error`, `Language`, `OptionSetInfo`, `RGBA`, `Trace`, `With`

## Available Templates

Templates are bundled with the plugin. Skills that use templates reference them via `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/../../templates/`.

| Template | File | Pattern |
|----------|------|---------|
| Greeting | `templates/topics/greeting.topic.mcs.yml` | OnConversationStart welcome |
| Fallback | `templates/topics/fallback.topic.mcs.yml` | OnUnknownIntent with escalation |
| Arithmetic | `templates/topics/arithmeticsum.topic.mcs.yml` | Inputs/outputs with computation |
| Question + Branching | `templates/topics/question-topic.topic.mcs.yml` | Question with ConditionGroup |
| Knowledge Search | `templates/topics/search-topic.topic.mcs.yml` | SearchAndSummarizeContent fallback |
| Custom Knowledge Source | `templates/topics/custom-knowledge-source.topic.mcs.yml` | OnKnowledgeRequested with custom API (YAML-only) |
| Remove Citations | `templates/topics/remove-citations.topic.mcs.yml` | OnGeneratedResponse citation stripping |
| Authentication | `templates/topics/auth-topic.topic.mcs.yml` | OnSignIn with OAuthInput |
| Error Handler | `templates/topics/error-handler.topic.mcs.yml` | OnError with telemetry |
| Disambiguation | `templates/topics/disambiguation.topic.mcs.yml` | OnSelectIntent flow |
| Agent | `templates/agents/agent.mcs.yml` | GptComponentMetadata |
| Connector Action (generic) | `templates/actions/connector-action.mcs.yml` | TaskDialog with connector (structural reference) |
| Knowledge (Public Website) | `templates/knowledge/public-website.knowledge.mcs.yml` | PublicSiteSearchSource |
| Knowledge (SharePoint) | `templates/knowledge/sharepoint.knowledge.mcs.yml` | SharePointSearchSource |
| Global Variable | `templates/variables/global-variable.variable.mcs.yml` | GlobalVariableComponent |