#!/usr/bin/env perl # This chunk of stuff was generated by App::FatPacker. To find the original # file's code, look for the end of this BEGIN block or the string 'FATPACK' BEGIN { my %fatpacked; $fatpacked{"Env/Assert.pm"} = '#line '.(1+__LINE__).' "'.__FILE__."\"\n".<<'ENV_ASSERT'; ## no critic [ControlStructures::ProhibitPostfixControls] ## no critic [ValuesAndExpressions::ProhibitConstantPragma] ## no critic (ControlStructures::ProhibitCascadingIfElse) package Env::Assert; use strict; use warnings; use Exporter 'import'; our @EXPORT_OK = qw( assert report_errors file_to_desc ); our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 'all' => [qw( assert report_errors file_to_desc )], ); use English qw( -no_match_vars ); # Avoids regex performance penalty in perl 5.18 and earlier use Carp; # ABSTRACT: Ensure that the environment variables match what you need, or abort. # VERSION: generated by DZP::OurPkgVersion use constant { ENV_ASSERT_MISSING_FROM_ENVIRONMENT => 1, ENV_ASSERT_INVALID_CONTENT_IN_VARIABLE => 2, ENV_ASSERT_MISSING_FROM_DEFINITION => 3, DEFAULT_PARAMETER_BREAK_AT_FIRST_ERROR => 0, INDENT => q{ }, }; =pod =for stopwords params env =head1 STATUS Package Env::Assert is currently being developed so changes in the API are possible, though not likely. =head1 SYNOPSIS use Env::Assert qw( assert report_errors ); my %want = ( options => { exact => 1, }, variables => { USER => { regexp => '^[[:word:]]{1}$', required => 1 }, }, ); my %parameters; $parameters{'break_at_first_error'} = 1; my $r = assert( \%ENV, \%want, \%parameters ); if( ! $r->{'success'} ) { print report_errors( $r->{'errors'} ); } =head1 NOTES =cut =head1 DEPENDENCIES No external dependencies outside Perl's standard distribution. =head1 FUNCTIONS No functions are automatically exported to the calling namespace. =head2 assert( \%env, \%want, \%params ) Ensure your environment, parameter I (hashref), matches with the environment description, parameter I (hashref). Use parameter I (hashref) to specify processing options. Supported params: =over 8 =item break_at_first_error Verify environment only up until the first error. Then break and return with only that error. =back Return: hashref: { success => 1/0, errors => hashref, }; =cut sub assert { my ($env, $want, $params) = @_; $params = {} if ! $params; croak 'Invalid options. Not a hash' if( ref $env ne 'HASH' || ref $want ne 'HASH' ); # Set default options $params->{'break_at_first_error'} //= DEFAULT_PARAMETER_BREAK_AT_FIRST_ERROR; my $success = 1; my %errors; my $vars = $want->{'variables'}; my $opts = $want->{'options'}; foreach my $var_name (keys %{ $vars }) { my $var = $vars->{$var_name}; my $required = $var->{'required'}//1; my $regexp = $var->{'regexp'}//q{.*}; if( ( $opts->{'exact'} || $required ) && ! defined $env->{$var_name} ) { $success = 0; $errors{'variables'}->{ $var_name } = { type => ENV_ASSERT_MISSING_FROM_ENVIRONMENT, message => "Variable $var_name is missing from environment", }; goto EXIT if( $params->{'break_at_first_error'} ); } elsif( $env->{$var_name} !~ m/$regexp/msx ) { $success = 0; $errors{'variables'}->{ $var_name } = { type => ENV_ASSERT_INVALID_CONTENT_IN_VARIABLE, message => "Variable $var_name has invalid content", }; goto EXIT if( $params->{'break_at_first_error'} ); } } if( $opts->{'exact'} ) { foreach my $var_name (keys %{ $env }) { if( ! exists $vars->{ $var_name } ) { $success = 0; $errors{'variables'}->{ $var_name } = { type => ENV_ASSERT_MISSING_FROM_DEFINITION, message => "Variable $var_name is missing from description", }; goto EXIT if( $params->{'break_at_first_error'} ); } } } EXIT: return { success => $success, errors => \%errors, }; } =head2 report_errors( \%errors ) Report errors in a nicely formatted way. =cut sub report_errors { my ($errors) = @_; my $out = q{}; $out .= sprintf "Environment Assert: ERRORS:\n"; foreach my $error_area_name (sort keys %{ $errors }) { $out .= sprintf "%s%s:\n", INDENT, $error_area_name; foreach my $error_key (sort keys %{ $errors->{$error_area_name} }) { $out .= sprintf "%s%s: %s\n", INDENT . INDENT, $error_key, $errors->{$error_area_name}->{$error_key}->{'message'}; } } return $out; } =head2 file_to_desc( @rows ) Extract an environment description from a F<.envdesc> file. =cut sub file_to_desc { my @rows = @_; my %desc = ( 'options' => {}, 'variables' => {}, ); foreach (@rows) { # This is envassert meta command ## no critic (RegularExpressions::ProhibitComplexRegexes) if( m{ ^ [[:space:]]{0,} [#]{2} [[:space:]]{1,} envassert [[:space:]]{1,} [(] opts: [[:space:]]{0,} (? .*) [)] [[:space:]]{0,} $ }msx ) { my $opts = _interpret_opts( $LAST_PAREN_MATCH{opts} ); foreach ( keys %{ $opts } ) { $desc{'options'}->{$_} = $opts->{$_}; } } elsif( # This is comment row m{ ^ [[:space:]]{0,} [#]{1} .* $ }msx ) { 1; } elsif( # This is empty row m{ ^ [[:space:]]{0,} $ }msx ) { 1; } elsif( # This is env var description m{ ^ (? [^=]{1,}) = (? .*) $ }msx ) { $desc{'variables'}->{ $LAST_PAREN_MATCH{name} } = { regexp => $LAST_PAREN_MATCH{value} }; } } return \%desc; } # Private subroutines sub _interpret_opts { my ($opts_str) = @_; my @opts = split qr{ [[:space:]]{0,} [,] [[:space:]]{0,} }msx, $opts_str; my %opts; foreach (@opts) { my ($key, $val) = split qr/=/msx; $opts{$key} = $val; } return \%opts; } 1; ENV_ASSERT $fatpacked{"Exporter.pm"} = '#line '.(1+__LINE__).' "'.__FILE__."\"\n".<<'EXPORTER'; package Exporter; use strict; no strict 'refs'; our $Debug = 0; our $ExportLevel = 0; our $Verbose ||= 0; our $VERSION = '5.77'; our %Cache; sub as_heavy { require Exporter::Heavy; # Unfortunately, this does not work if the caller is aliased as *name = \&foo # Thus the need to create a lot of identical subroutines my $c = (caller(1))[3]; $c =~ s/.*:://; \&{"Exporter::Heavy::heavy_$c"}; } sub export { goto &{as_heavy()}; } sub import { my $pkg = shift; my $callpkg = caller($ExportLevel); if ($pkg eq "Exporter" and @_ and $_[0] eq "import") { *{$callpkg."::import"} = \&import; return; } # We *need* to treat @{"$pkg\::EXPORT_FAIL"} since Carp uses it :-( my $exports = \@{"$pkg\::EXPORT"}; # But, avoid creating things if they don't exist, which saves a couple of # hundred bytes per package processed. my $fail = ${$pkg . '::'}{EXPORT_FAIL} && \@{"$pkg\::EXPORT_FAIL"}; return export $pkg, $callpkg, @_ if $Verbose or $Debug or $fail && @$fail > 1; my $export_cache = ($Cache{$pkg} ||= {}); my $args = @_ or @_ = @$exports; if ($args and not %$export_cache) { s/^&//, $export_cache->{$_} = 1 foreach (@$exports, @{"$pkg\::EXPORT_OK"}); } my $heavy; # Try very hard not to use {} and hence have to enter scope on the foreach # We bomb out of the loop with last as soon as heavy is set. if ($args or $fail) { ($heavy = (/\W/ or $args and not exists $export_cache->{$_} or $fail and @$fail and $_ eq $fail->[0])) and last foreach (@_); } else { ($heavy = /\W/) and last foreach (@_); } return export $pkg, $callpkg, ($args ? @_ : ()) if $heavy; local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {require Carp; &Carp::carp} if not $SIG{__WARN__}; # shortcut for the common case of no type character *{"$callpkg\::$_"} = \&{"$pkg\::$_"} foreach @_; } # Default methods sub export_fail { my $self = shift; @_; } # Unfortunately, caller(1)[3] "does not work" if the caller is aliased as # *name = \&foo. Thus the need to create a lot of identical subroutines # Otherwise we could have aliased them to export(). sub export_to_level { goto &{as_heavy()}; } sub export_tags { goto &{as_heavy()}; } sub export_ok_tags { goto &{as_heavy()}; } sub require_version { goto &{as_heavy()}; } 1; __END__ =head1 NAME Exporter - Implements default import method for modules =head1 SYNOPSIS In module F: package YourModule; use Exporter 'import'; our @EXPORT_OK = qw(munge frobnicate); # symbols to export on request or package YourModule; require Exporter; our @ISA = qw(Exporter); # inherit all of Exporter's methods our @EXPORT_OK = qw(munge frobnicate); # symbols to export on request or package YourModule; use parent 'Exporter'; # inherit all of Exporter's methods our @EXPORT_OK = qw(munge frobnicate); # symbols to export on request In other files which wish to use C: use YourModule qw(frobnicate); # import listed symbols frobnicate ($left, $right) # calls YourModule::frobnicate Take a look at L for some variants you will like to use in modern Perl code. =head1 DESCRIPTION The Exporter module implements an C method which allows a module to export functions and variables to its users' namespaces. Many modules use Exporter rather than implementing their own C method because Exporter provides a highly flexible interface, with an implementation optimised for the common case. Perl automatically calls the C method when processing a C statement for a module. Modules and C are documented in L and L. Understanding the concept of modules and how the C statement operates is important to understanding the Exporter. =head2 How to Export The arrays C<@EXPORT> and C<@EXPORT_OK> in a module hold lists of symbols that are going to be exported into the users name space by default, or which they can request to be exported, respectively. The symbols can represent functions, scalars, arrays, hashes, or typeglobs. The symbols must be given by full name with the exception that the ampersand in front of a function is optional, e.g. our @EXPORT = qw(afunc $scalar @array); # afunc is a function our @EXPORT_OK = qw(&bfunc %hash *typeglob); # explicit prefix on &bfunc If you are only exporting function names it is recommended to omit the ampersand, as the implementation is faster this way. =head2 Selecting What to Export Do B export method names! Do B export anything else by default without a good reason! Exports pollute the namespace of the module user. If you must export try to use C<@EXPORT_OK> in preference to C<@EXPORT> and avoid short or common symbol names to reduce the risk of name clashes. Generally anything not exported is still accessible from outside the module using the C (or C<< $blessed_ref->method >>) syntax. By convention you can use a leading underscore on names to informally indicate that they are 'internal' and not for public use. (It is actually possible to get private functions by saying: my $subref = sub { ... }; $subref->(@args); # Call it as a function $obj->$subref(@args); # Use it as a method However if you use them for methods it is up to you to figure out how to make inheritance work.) As a general rule, if the module is trying to be object oriented then export nothing. If it's just a collection of functions then C<@EXPORT_OK> anything but use C<@EXPORT> with caution. For function and method names use barewords in preference to names prefixed with ampersands for the export lists. Other module design guidelines can be found in L. =head2 How to Import In other files which wish to use your module there are three basic ways for them to load your module and import its symbols: =over 4 =item C This imports all the symbols from YourModule's C<@EXPORT> into the namespace of the C statement. =item C This causes perl to load your module but does not import any symbols. =item C This imports only the symbols listed by the caller into their namespace. All listed symbols must be in your C<@EXPORT> or C<@EXPORT_OK>, else an error occurs. The advanced export features of Exporter are accessed like this, but with list entries that are syntactically distinct from symbol names. =back Unless you want to use its advanced features, this is probably all you need to know to use Exporter. =head1 Advanced Features =head2 Specialised Import Lists If any of the entries in an import list begins with !, : or / then the list is treated as a series of specifications which either add to or delete from the list of names to import. They are processed left to right. Specifications are in the form: [!]name This name only [!]:DEFAULT All names in @EXPORT [!]:tag All names in $EXPORT_TAGS{tag} anonymous array [!]/pattern/ All names in @EXPORT and @EXPORT_OK which match A leading ! indicates that matching names should be deleted from the list of names to import. If the first specification is a deletion it is treated as though preceded by :DEFAULT. If you just want to import extra names in addition to the default set you will still need to include :DEFAULT explicitly. e.g., F defines: our @EXPORT = qw(A1 A2 A3 A4 A5); our @EXPORT_OK = qw(B1 B2 B3 B4 B5); our %EXPORT_TAGS = (T1 => [qw(A1 A2 B1 B2)], T2 => [qw(A1 A2 B3 B4)]); Note that you cannot use tags in @EXPORT or @EXPORT_OK. Names in EXPORT_TAGS must also appear in @EXPORT or @EXPORT_OK. An application using Module can say something like: use Module qw(:DEFAULT :T2 !B3 A3); Other examples include: use Socket qw(!/^[AP]F_/ !SOMAXCONN !SOL_SOCKET); use POSIX qw(:errno_h :termios_h !TCSADRAIN !/^EXIT/); Remember that most patterns (using //) will need to be anchored with a leading ^, e.g., C rather than C. You can say C to see how the specifications are being processed and what is actually being imported into modules. =head2 Exporting Without Using Exporter's import Method Exporter has a special method, 'export_to_level' which is used in situations where you can't directly call Exporter's import method. The export_to_level method looks like: MyPackage->export_to_level( $where_to_export, $package, @what_to_export ); where C<$where_to_export> is an integer telling how far up the calling stack to export your symbols, and C<@what_to_export> is an array telling what symbols *to* export (usually this is C<@_>). The C<$package> argument is currently unused. For example, suppose that you have a module, A, which already has an import function: package A; our @ISA = qw(Exporter); our @EXPORT_OK = qw($b); sub import { $A::b = 1; # not a very useful import method } and you want to Export symbol C<$A::b> back to the module that called package A. Since Exporter relies on the import method to work, via inheritance, as it stands Exporter::import() will never get called. Instead, say the following: package A; our @ISA = qw(Exporter); our @EXPORT_OK = qw($b); sub import { $A::b = 1; A->export_to_level(1, @_); } This will export the symbols one level 'above' the current package - ie: to the program or module that used package A. Note: Be careful not to modify C<@_> at all before you call export_to_level - or people using your package will get very unexplained results! =head2 Exporting Without Inheriting from Exporter By including Exporter in your C<@ISA> you inherit an Exporter's import() method but you also inherit several other helper methods which you probably don't want and complicate the inheritance tree. To avoid this you can do: package YourModule; use Exporter qw(import); which will export Exporter's own import() method into YourModule. Everything will work as before but you won't need to include Exporter in C<@YourModule::ISA>. Note: This feature was introduced in version 5.57 of Exporter, released with perl 5.8.3. =head2 Module Version Checking The Exporter module will convert an attempt to import a number from a module into a call to C<< $module_name->VERSION($value) >>. This can be used to validate that the version of the module being used is greater than or equal to the required version. For historical reasons, Exporter supplies a C method that simply delegates to C. Originally, before C existed, Exporter would call C. Since the C method treats the C<$VERSION> number as a simple numeric value it will regard version 1.10 as lower than 1.9. For this reason it is strongly recommended that you use numbers with at least two decimal places, e.g., 1.09. =head2 Managing Unknown Symbols In some situations you may want to prevent certain symbols from being exported. Typically this applies to extensions which have functions or constants that may not exist on some systems. The names of any symbols that cannot be exported should be listed in the C<@EXPORT_FAIL> array. If a module attempts to import any of these symbols the Exporter will give the module an opportunity to handle the situation before generating an error. The Exporter will call an export_fail method with a list of the failed symbols: @failed_symbols = $module_name->export_fail(@failed_symbols); If the C method returns an empty list then no error is recorded and all the requested symbols are exported. If the returned list is not empty then an error is generated for each symbol and the export fails. The Exporter provides a default C method which simply returns the list unchanged. Uses for the C method include giving better error messages for some symbols and performing lazy architectural checks (put more symbols into C<@EXPORT_FAIL> by default and then take them out if someone actually tries to use them and an expensive check shows that they are usable on that platform). =head2 Tag Handling Utility Functions Since the symbols listed within C<%EXPORT_TAGS> must also appear in either C<@EXPORT> or C<@EXPORT_OK>, two utility functions are provided which allow you to easily add tagged sets of symbols to C<@EXPORT> or C<@EXPORT_OK>: our %EXPORT_TAGS = (foo => [qw(aa bb cc)], bar => [qw(aa cc dd)]); Exporter::export_tags('foo'); # add aa, bb and cc to @EXPORT Exporter::export_ok_tags('bar'); # add aa, cc and dd to @EXPORT_OK Any names which are not tags are added to C<@EXPORT> or C<@EXPORT_OK> unchanged but will trigger a warning (with C<-w>) to avoid misspelt tags names being silently added to C<@EXPORT> or C<@EXPORT_OK>. Future versions may make this a fatal error. =head2 Generating Combined Tags If several symbol categories exist in C<%EXPORT_TAGS>, it's usually useful to create the utility ":all" to simplify "use" statements. The simplest way to do this is: our %EXPORT_TAGS = (foo => [qw(aa bb cc)], bar => [qw(aa cc dd)]); # add all the other ":class" tags to the ":all" class, # deleting duplicates { my %seen; push @{$EXPORT_TAGS{all}}, grep {!$seen{$_}++} @{$EXPORT_TAGS{$_}} foreach keys %EXPORT_TAGS; } F creates an ":all" tag which contains some (but not really all) of its categories. That could be done with one small change: # add some of the other ":class" tags to the ":all" class, # deleting duplicates { my %seen; push @{$EXPORT_TAGS{all}}, grep {!$seen{$_}++} @{$EXPORT_TAGS{$_}} foreach qw/html2 html3 netscape form cgi internal/; } Note that the tag names in C<%EXPORT_TAGS> don't have the leading ':'. =head2 Ced Constants Many modules make use of Cing for constant subroutines to avoid having to compile and waste memory on rarely used values (see L for details on constant subroutines). Calls to such constant subroutines are not optimized away at compile time because they can't be checked at compile time for constancy. Even if a prototype is available at compile time, the body of the subroutine is not (it hasn't been Ced yet). perl needs to examine both the C<()> prototype and the body of a subroutine at compile time to detect that it can safely replace calls to that subroutine with the constant value. A workaround for this is to call the constants once in a C block: package My ; use Socket ; foo( SO_LINGER ); ## SO_LINGER NOT optimized away; called at runtime BEGIN { SO_LINGER } foo( SO_LINGER ); ## SO_LINGER optimized away at compile time. This forces the C for C to take place before SO_LINGER is encountered later in C package. If you are writing a package that Cs, consider forcing an C for any constants explicitly imported by other packages or which are usually used when your package is Cd. =head1 Good Practices =head2 Declaring C<@EXPORT_OK> and Friends When using C with the standard C and C pragmas, the C keyword is needed to declare the package variables C<@EXPORT_OK>, C<@EXPORT>, C<@ISA>, etc. our @ISA = qw(Exporter); our @EXPORT_OK = qw(munge frobnicate); If backward compatibility for Perls B 5.6 is important, one must write instead a C statement. use vars qw(@ISA @EXPORT_OK); @ISA = qw(Exporter); @EXPORT_OK = qw(munge frobnicate); =head2 Playing Safe There are some caveats with the use of runtime statements like C and the assignment to package variables, which can be very subtle for the unaware programmer. This may happen for instance with mutually recursive modules, which are affected by the time the relevant constructions are executed. The ideal way to never have to think about that is to use C blocks and the simple import method. So the first part of the L code could be rewritten as: package YourModule; use strict; use warnings; use Exporter 'import'; BEGIN { our @EXPORT_OK = qw(munge frobnicate); # symbols to export on request } Or if you need to inherit from Exporter: package YourModule; use strict; use warnings; BEGIN { require Exporter; our @ISA = qw(Exporter); # inherit all of Exporter's methods our @EXPORT_OK = qw(munge frobnicate); # symbols to export on request } The C will assure that the loading of F and the assignments to C<@ISA> and C<@EXPORT_OK> happen immediately like C, leaving no room for something to get awry or just plain wrong. With respect to loading C and inheriting, there are alternatives with the use of modules like C and C. use base qw(Exporter); # or use parent qw(Exporter); Any of these statements are nice replacements for C with the same compile-time effect. The basic difference is that C code interacts with declared C while C is a streamlined version of the older C code to just establish the IS-A relationship. For more details, see the documentation and code of L and L. Another thorough remedy to that runtime vs. compile-time trap is to use L, which is a wrapper of Exporter that allows all boilerplate code at a single gulp in the use statement. use Exporter::Easy ( OK => [ qw(munge frobnicate) ], ); # @ISA setup is automatic # all assignments happen at compile time =head2 What Not to Export You have been warned already in L to not export: =over 4 =item * method names (because you don't need to and that's likely to not do what you want), =item * anything by default (because you don't want to surprise your users... badly) =item * anything you don't need to (because less is more) =back There's one more item to add to this list. Do B export variable names. Just because C lets you do that, it does not mean you should. @EXPORT_OK = qw($svar @avar %hvar); # DON'T! Exporting variables is not a good idea. They can change under the hood, provoking horrible effects at-a-distance that are too hard to track and to fix. Trust me: they are not worth it. To provide the capability to set/get class-wide settings, it is best instead to provide accessors as subroutines or class methods instead. =head1 SEE ALSO C is definitely not the only module with symbol exporter capabilities. At CPAN, you may find a bunch of them. Some are lighter. Some provide improved APIs and features. Pick the one that fits your needs. The following is a sample list of such modules. Exporter::Easy Exporter::Lite Exporter::Renaming Exporter::Tidy Sub::Exporter / Sub::Installer Perl6::Export / Perl6::Export::Attrs =head1 LICENSE This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. =cut EXPORTER $fatpacked{"Exporter/Heavy.pm"} = '#line '.(1+__LINE__).' "'.__FILE__."\"\n".<<'EXPORTER_HEAVY'; package Exporter::Heavy; use strict; no strict 'refs'; # On one line so MakeMaker will see it. our $VERSION = '5.77'; =head1 NAME Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts =head1 SYNOPSIS (internal use only) =head1 DESCRIPTION No user-serviceable parts inside. =cut # # We go to a lot of trouble not to 'require Carp' at file scope, # because Carp requires Exporter, and something has to give. # sub _rebuild_cache { my ($pkg, $exports, $cache) = @_; s/^&// foreach @$exports; @{$cache}{@$exports} = (1) x @$exports; my $ok = \@{"${pkg}::EXPORT_OK"}; if (@$ok) { s/^&// foreach @$ok; @{$cache}{@$ok} = (1) x @$ok; } } sub heavy_export { # Save the old __WARN__ handler in case it was defined my $oldwarn = $SIG{__WARN__}; # First make import warnings look like they're coming from the "use". local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { # restore it back so proper stacking occurs local $SIG{__WARN__} = $oldwarn; my $text = shift; if ($text =~ s/ at \S*Exporter\S*.pm line \d+.*\n//) { require Carp; local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # ignore package calling us too. Carp::carp($text); } else { warn $text; } }; local $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { require Carp; local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # ignore package calling us too. Carp::croak("$_[0]Illegal null symbol in \@${1}::EXPORT") if $_[0] =~ /^Unable to create sub named "(.*?)::"/; }; my($pkg, $callpkg, @imports) = @_; my($type, $sym, $cache_is_current, $oops); my($exports, $export_cache) = (\@{"${pkg}::EXPORT"}, $Exporter::Cache{$pkg} ||= {}); if (@imports) { if (!%$export_cache) { _rebuild_cache ($pkg, $exports, $export_cache); $cache_is_current = 1; } if (grep m{^[/!:]}, @imports) { my $tagsref = \%{"${pkg}::EXPORT_TAGS"}; my $tagdata; my %imports; my($remove, $spec, @names, @allexports); # negated first item implies starting with default set: unshift @imports, ':DEFAULT' if $imports[0] =~ m/^!/; foreach $spec (@imports){ $remove = $spec =~ s/^!//; if ($spec =~ s/^://){ if ($spec eq 'DEFAULT'){ @names = @$exports; } elsif ($tagdata = $tagsref->{$spec}) { @names = @$tagdata; } else { warn qq["$spec" is not defined in %${pkg}::EXPORT_TAGS]; ++$oops; next; } } elsif ($spec =~ m:^/(.*)/$:){ my $patn = $1; @allexports = keys %$export_cache unless @allexports; # only do keys once @names = grep(/$patn/, @allexports); # not anchored by default } else { @names = ($spec); # is a normal symbol name } warn "Import ".($remove ? "del":"add").": @names " if $Exporter::Verbose; if ($remove) { foreach $sym (@names) { delete $imports{$sym} } } else { @imports{@names} = (1) x @names; } } @imports = keys %imports; } my @carp; foreach $sym (@imports) { if (!$export_cache->{$sym}) { if ($sym =~ m/^\d/) { $pkg->VERSION($sym); # inherit from UNIVERSAL # If the version number was the only thing specified # then we should act as if nothing was specified: if (@imports == 1) { @imports = @$exports; last; } # We need a way to emulate 'use Foo ()' but still # allow an easy version check: "use Foo 1.23, ''"; if (@imports == 2 and !$imports[1]) { @imports = (); last; } } elsif ($sym !~ s/^&// || !$export_cache->{$sym}) { # Last chance - see if they've updated EXPORT_OK since we # cached it. unless ($cache_is_current) { %$export_cache = (); _rebuild_cache ($pkg, $exports, $export_cache); $cache_is_current = 1; } if (!$export_cache->{$sym}) { # accumulate the non-exports push @carp, qq["$sym" is not exported by the $pkg module]; $oops++; } } } } if ($oops) { require Carp; Carp::croak(join("\n", @carp, "Can't continue after import errors")); } } else { @imports = @$exports; } my($fail, $fail_cache) = (\@{"${pkg}::EXPORT_FAIL"}, $Exporter::FailCache{$pkg} ||= {}); if (@$fail) { if (!%$fail_cache) { # Build cache of symbols. Optimise the lookup by adding # barewords twice... both with and without a leading &. # (Technique could be applied to $export_cache at cost of memory) my @expanded = map { /^\w/ ? ($_, '&'.$_) : $_ } @$fail; warn "${pkg}::EXPORT_FAIL cached: @expanded" if $Exporter::Verbose; @{$fail_cache}{@expanded} = (1) x @expanded; } my @failed; foreach $sym (@imports) { push(@failed, $sym) if $fail_cache->{$sym} } if (@failed) { @failed = $pkg->export_fail(@failed); foreach $sym (@failed) { require Carp; Carp::carp(qq["$sym" is not implemented by the $pkg module ], "on this architecture"); } if (@failed) { require Carp; Carp::croak("Can't continue after import errors"); } } } warn "Importing into $callpkg from $pkg: ", join(", ",sort @imports) if $Exporter::Verbose; foreach $sym (@imports) { # shortcut for the common case of no type character (*{"${callpkg}::$sym"} = \&{"${pkg}::$sym"}, next) unless $sym =~ s/^(\W)//; $type = $1; no warnings 'once'; *{"${callpkg}::$sym"} = $type eq '&' ? \&{"${pkg}::$sym"} : $type eq '$' ? \${"${pkg}::$sym"} : $type eq '@' ? \@{"${pkg}::$sym"} : $type eq '%' ? \%{"${pkg}::$sym"} : $type eq '*' ? *{"${pkg}::$sym"} : do { require Carp; Carp::croak("Can't export symbol: $type$sym") }; } } sub heavy_export_to_level { my $pkg = shift; my $level = shift; (undef) = shift; # XXX redundant arg my $callpkg = caller($level); $pkg->export($callpkg, @_); } # Utility functions sub _push_tags { my($pkg, $var, $syms) = @_; my @nontag = (); my $export_tags = \%{"${pkg}::EXPORT_TAGS"}; push(@{"${pkg}::$var"}, map { $export_tags->{$_} ? @{$export_tags->{$_}} : scalar(push(@nontag,$_),$_) } (@$syms) ? @$syms : keys %$export_tags); if (@nontag and $^W) { # This may change to a die one day require Carp; Carp::carp(join(", ", @nontag)." are not tags of $pkg"); } } sub heavy_require_version { my($self, $wanted) = @_; my $pkg = ref $self || $self; return ${pkg}->VERSION($wanted); } sub heavy_export_tags { _push_tags((caller)[0], "EXPORT", \@_); } sub heavy_export_ok_tags { _push_tags((caller)[0], "EXPORT_OK", \@_); } 1; EXPORTER_HEAVY $fatpacked{"parent.pm"} = '#line '.(1+__LINE__).' "'.__FILE__."\"\n".<<'PARENT'; package parent; use strict; our $VERSION = '0.241'; sub import { my $class = shift; my $inheritor = caller(0); if ( @_ and $_[0] eq '-norequire' ) { shift @_; } else { for ( my @filename = @_ ) { s{::|'}{/}g; require "$_.pm"; # dies if the file is not found } } { no strict 'refs'; push @{"$inheritor\::ISA"}, @_; # dies if a loop is detected }; }; 1; __END__ =encoding utf8 =head1 NAME parent - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time =head1 SYNOPSIS package Baz; use parent qw(Foo Bar); =head1 DESCRIPTION Allows you to both load one or more modules, while setting up inheritance from those modules at the same time. Mostly similar in effect to package Baz; BEGIN { require Foo; require Bar; push @ISA, qw(Foo Bar); } By default, every base class needs to live in a file of its own. If you want to have a subclass and its parent class in the same file, you can tell C not to load any modules by using the C<-norequire> switch: package Foo; sub exclaim { "I CAN HAS PERL" } package DoesNotLoadFooBar; use parent -norequire, 'Foo', 'Bar'; # will not go looking for Foo.pm or Bar.pm This is equivalent to the following code: package Foo; sub exclaim { "I CAN HAS PERL" } package DoesNotLoadFooBar; push @DoesNotLoadFooBar::ISA, 'Foo', 'Bar'; This is also helpful for the case where a package lives within a differently named file: package MyHash; use Tie::Hash; use parent -norequire, 'Tie::StdHash'; This is equivalent to the following code: package MyHash; require Tie::Hash; push @ISA, 'Tie::StdHash'; If you want to load a subclass from a file that C would not consider an eligible filename (that is, it does not end in either C<.pm> or C<.pmc>), use the following code: package MySecondPlugin; require './plugins/custom.plugin'; # contains Plugin::Custom use parent -norequire, 'Plugin::Custom'; =head1 HISTORY This module was forked from L to remove the cruft that had accumulated in it. =head1 CAVEATS =head1 SEE ALSO =over 4 =item L =item L A fork of L that provides version checking in parent class modules. =back =head1 AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS Rafaƫl Garcia-Suarez, Bart Lateur, Max Maischein, Anno Siegel, Michael Schwern =head1 MAINTAINER Max Maischein C< corion@cpan.org > Copyright (c) 2007-2017 Max Maischein C<< >> Based on the idea of C, which was introduced with Perl 5.004_04. =head1 LICENSE This module is released under the same terms as Perl itself. =cut PARENT s/^ //mg for values %fatpacked; my $class = 'FatPacked::'.(0+\%fatpacked); no strict 'refs'; *{"${class}::files"} = sub { keys %{$_[0]} }; if ($] < 5.008) { *{"${class}::INC"} = sub { if (my $fat = $_[0]{$_[1]}) { my $pos = 0; my $last = length $fat; return (sub { return 0 if $pos == $last; my $next = (1 + index $fat, "\n", $pos) || $last; $_ .= substr $fat, $pos, $next - $pos; $pos = $next; return 1; }); } }; } else { *{"${class}::INC"} = sub { if (my $fat = $_[0]{$_[1]}) { open my $fh, '<', \$fat or die "FatPacker error loading $_[1] (could be a perl installation issue?)"; return $fh; } return; }; } unshift @INC, bless \%fatpacked, $class; } # END OF FATPACK CODE ## no critic (ControlStructures::ProhibitPostfixControls) ## no critic (ValuesAndExpressions::ProhibitConstantPragma) use strict; use warnings; use open ':std', IO => ':encoding(UTF-8)'; # ABSTRACT: Ensure that the environment variables match what you need, or abort. # PODNAME: envassert our $VERSION = '0.010'; # VERSION: generated by DZP::OurPkgVersion use English qw( -no_match_vars ); # Avoids regex performance penalty in perl 5.18 and earlier use Getopt::Long qw( :config auto_version auto_help ); use Carp; use Pod::Usage; use Env::Assert qw( :all ); local $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH = 1; use constant { YEAR_START => 1900, MONTH_START => 1, ENV_DESC_FILENAME => '.envdesc', INDENT => q{ }, }; my $man = 0; my $break_at_first_error; my $env_desc_filename = ENV_DESC_FILENAME; my $exact; GetOptions( 'man' => \$man, 'break-at-first-error|b!' => \$break_at_first_error, 'env-description|e=s' =>, \$env_desc_filename, 'exact|x!' => \$exact, ) or pod2usage(2); pod2usage( -exitval => 0, -verbose => 2 ) if $man; sub main { open my $fh, q{<}, $env_desc_filename or croak "Cannot open file '$env_desc_filename'"; my $env_desc_file = q{}; my @env_desc_rows; while (<$fh>) { chomp; push @env_desc_rows, $_; } close $fh or croak "Cannot close file '$env_desc_filename'"; my $desc = file_to_desc(@env_desc_rows); my %parameters; $parameters{'break_at_first_error'} = $break_at_first_error if defined $break_at_first_error; $desc->{'options'}->{'exact'} = $exact if defined $exact; my $r = assert( \%ENV, $desc, \%parameters ); if ( !$r->{'success'} ) { print {*STDOUT} report_errors( $r->{'errors'} ) or croak 'Cannot print errors to STDOUT'; return 1; } return 0; } exit main(@ARGV); __END__ =pod =encoding UTF-8 =head1 NAME envassert - Ensure that the environment variables match what you need, or abort. =head1 VERSION version 0.010 =head1 SYNOPSIS envassert [options] Options: --help --man --version --break-at-error --env-description =head1 DESCRIPTION B checks that your runtime environment, as defined with environment variables, matches with what you want. You can define your required environment in a file. Default file is F<.envassert> but you can use any file. It is advantageous to use B for examnple when running a container. If you check your environment for missing or wrongly defined environment variables at the beginning of the container run, your container will fail sooner instead of in a later point in execution when the variables are needed. =head2 Errors There are three kinds of errors: =over 8 =item ENV_ASSERT_MISSING_FROM_ENVIRONMENT "Variable is missing from environment" =item ENV_ASSERT_INVALID_CONTENT_IN_VARIABLE "Variable has invalid content" =item ENV_ASSERT_MISSING_FROM_DEFINITION "Variable is missing from description" This error will only be reported if you have set the special option B. See below. =back =head2 Environment Description Language Environment is described in file F<.envdesc>. Environment description file is a Unix shell compatible file, similar to a F<.env> file. =head3 F<.envdesc> Format In F<.envdesc> file there is only environment variables, comments or empty rows. Example: # Required env ## envassert (opts: exact=1) FILENAME=^[[:word:]]{1,}$ Env var name is followed by a regular expression. The regexp is an extended Perl regular expression without quotation marks. One env var and its descriptive regexp use one row. A comment begins at the beginning of the row and uses the whole row. It start with '#' character. Two comment characters and the word B at the beginning of the row mean this is an B meta command. You can specify different environment related options with these commands. Supported options: =over 8 =item exact The option I means that all allowed env variables are described in this file. Any unknown env var causes an error when verifying. =back =head2 CLI interface without dependencies The F command is also available as self contained executable. You can download it and run it as it is without additional installation of CPAN packages. Of course, you still need Perl, but Perl comes with any normal Linux installation. This can be convenient if you want to, for instance, include F in a docker container build. curl -LSs -o envassert https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mikkoi/env-assert/main/envassert.self-contained chmod +x ./envassert =head1 OPTIONS =over 8 =item B<--help> Print a brief help message and exits. =item B<--man> Prints the manual page and exits. =item B<--version> Prints the version and exits. =item B<-b>, B<--break-at-first-error> Break checking at the first error and report back. Default: false =item B<-e>, B<--env-description> Path to file which has the environment description. Default: .envdesc =item B<-x>, B<--exact> Fail check if environment contains variables not defined in environment descript. This option will override the equivalent option in .envdesc file. Default: false =back =head1 EXAMPLES $ envassert Environment Assert: ERRORS: variables: FIRST_VAR: Variable FIRST_VAR is missing from environment FOURTH_VAR: Variable FOURTH_VAR is missing from environment =head1 DEPENDENCIES No external dependencies outside Perl's standard distribution. =head1 AUTHOR Mikko Koivunalho =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE This software is copyright (c) 2023 by Mikko Koivunalho. This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself. =cut