{
    "type": "bundle",
    "id": "bundle--e4f0febd-b8cf-4272-b892-71049d272c40",
    "objects": [
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-collection",
            "id": "x-mitre-collection--90c00720-636b-4485-b342-8751d232bf09",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "name": "ICS ATT&CK",
            "x_mitre_version": "18.1",
            "description": "The ATT&CK for Industrial Control Systems (ICS) knowledge base categorizes the unique set of tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) used by threat actors in the ICS technology domain. ATT&CK for ICS outlines the portions of an ICS attack that are out of scope of Enterprise and reflects the various phases of an adversary\u2019s attack life cycle and the assets and systems they are known to target.",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "created": "2020-10-27T14:49:39.188Z",
            "modified": "2025-11-13T14:00:00.188Z",
            "x_mitre_contents": [
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:01.218Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:03.170Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.077Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.230Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--0fe075d5-beac-4d02-b93e-0f874997db72",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.392Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:08.228Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:44.679Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.752Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:10.656Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.923Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:11.559Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--23270e54-1d68-4c3b-b763-b25607bcef80",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:31.492Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.069Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.231Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.395Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:15.054Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:15.610Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.583Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.789Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.972Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2bb4d762-bf4a-4bc3-9318-15cc6a354163",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:12.172Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:45.982Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:12.511Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:12.694Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:46.293Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.044Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.205Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:21.226Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:22.225Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.380Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.542Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:24.843Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.771Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.939Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.108Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--4c2e1408-9d68-4187-8e6b-a77bc52700ec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:29.210Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--50d3222f-7550-4a3c-94e1-78cb6c81d064",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:46.334Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--539d0484-fe95-485a-b654-86991c0d0d00",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:47.931Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:47.841Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.462Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--56ddc820-6cfb-407f-850b-52c035d123ac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:33.142Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.643Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.822Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--5f3da2f3-91c8-4d8b-a02f-bf43a11def55",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:50.649Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--5fa00fdd-4a55-4191-94a0-564181d7fec2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.990Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.157Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.346Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--7374ab87-0782-41f8-b415-678c0950bb2a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:57.419Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:42.824Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.525Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--83ebd22f-b401-4d59-8219-2294172cf916",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.731Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.909Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.054Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.206Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.385Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.573Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--94f042ae-3033-4a8d-9ec3-26396533a541",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:07.297Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.777Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.960Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:56.356Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--a8cfd474-9358-464f-a169-9c6f099a8e8a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:11.949Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:56.978Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--abb0a255-eb9c-48d0-8f5c-874bb84c0e45",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:12.937Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--ae62fe1a-ea1a-479b-8dc0-65d250bd8bc7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:13.466Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:17.144Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:17.326Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:17.499Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:00.088Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:16.405Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:17.862Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.036Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.212Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:04.946Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:21.744Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--c9a8d958-fcdb-40d2-af4c-461c8031651a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.583Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:08.866Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.792Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.958Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--d614a9cf-18eb-4800-81e4-ab8ddf0baa73",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:27.888Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:19.127Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:52.173Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--e0d74479-86d2-465d-bf36-903ebecef43e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:30.517Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:19.525Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--e2994b6a-122b-4043-b654-7411c5198ec0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:30.966Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:15.775Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:19.764Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:19.961Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:17.481Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:18.381Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:20.126Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:20.310Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:20.494Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:23.577Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:20.690Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:24.213Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "campaign--1169ff24-b35f-4d8d-8cf3-643a2834227f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-03-05T22:12:26.131Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
                    "object_modified": "2024-11-17T16:15:02.223Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
                    "object_modified": "2024-12-18T18:59:44.199Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "campaign--65281d3e-b03c-46b8-8cd8-716363ac3cb2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:54.375Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:23.900Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
                    "object_modified": "2024-04-15T19:37:46.084Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:37:46.567Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "campaign--df8eb785-70f8-4300-b444-277ba849083d",
                    "object_modified": "2024-04-10T16:02:48.078Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--059ba11e-e3dc-49aa-84ca-88197f40d4ea",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:25.920Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.074Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--143b4398-3222-480a-b6a4-e131bc2d3144",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.226Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--1cbcceef-3233-4062-aa86-ec91afe39517",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.390Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.551Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--2ab9fc6d-3cf6-4d7b-85f1-3ad6949233b3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.729Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--2f0160b7-e982-49d7-9612-f19b810f1722",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:12.577Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:27.092Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--3222a807-521b-4a1a-aa13-f1cda45734b3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:27.274Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--337c4e2a-21a7-4d9a-bfee-9efd6cebf0e5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:13.297Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-03-12T16:11:54.933Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--469b78dd-a54d-4f7c-8c3b-4a1dd916b433",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:13.833Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--49363b74-d506-4342-bd63-320586ebadb9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:27.827Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--49b306c1-a046-42c5-a4d2-30f264ada110",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:27.991Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.155Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.312Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--5d97c693-e054-48ba-a3a3-eaf6942dfb65",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.470Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--622fe4d4-0e8e-4d17-9c25-6c9cef1f15d5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.652Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-20T17:02:00.299Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--6a02e38a-9629-40c0-8c7d-e98e3470315c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:15.463Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.975Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
                    "object_modified": "2024-10-14T20:31:04.927Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--7f153c28-e5f1-4764-88fb-eea1d9b0ad4a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:29.147Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--86b455f2-fb63-4043-93a8-32a3a7703a02",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:29.323Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--8a3aadd0-b5f4-433a-800e-4893e4196bb7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:29.489Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--8ac1d6e1-b07f-476a-9732-84984ebc2405",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:29.725Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--8bc4a54e-810c-4600-8b6c-08fa8413a401",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:16.894Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:30.090Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--98aa0d61-fc9d-4b2d-8f18-b25d03549f53",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:17.436Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--99c746d7-a08a-4169-94f9-b8c0dad716fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:17.799Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--9a945a29-5233-4422-a9e3-3e957b0e8bce",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:30.648Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--9e3adcad-0b8f-4ecc-a2f3-06f607f53bf0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:30.822Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.005Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.149Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--ac8f3492-7fbb-4a0a-b0b4-b75ec676136c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.301Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.496Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.696Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.848Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:32.013Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:32.177Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--d48b79b2-076d-483e-949c-0d38aa347499",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:19.937Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--da44255d-85c5-492c-baf3-ee823d44f848",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:20.300Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--dc61c280-c29d-44e5-a960-c0dd1623d2ba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:32.717Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--ddf3e568-f065-49e2-9106-42029a28ddbd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:32.907Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--de0bc375-50e1-4e26-a342-a8ff8c9d3037",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.110Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-20T17:01:38.562Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--e57ebc6d-785f-40c8-adb1-b5b5e09b3b48",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.298Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--f0f5c87a-a58d-440a-b3b5-ca679d98c6dd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.475Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.651Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--facb8840-ebe7-49f1-b464-8ef6c8131e21",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.833Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--faf2b40e-5981-433f-aa46-17458e0026f7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:34.009Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "course-of-action--fce6866f-9a87-4d3e-a73c-f02d8937fe0e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:34.172Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-03-19T15:00:40.855Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--00f67a77-86a4-4adf-be26-1a54fc713340",
                    "object_modified": "2025-01-22T21:54:11.727Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--190242d7-73fc-4738-af68-20162f7a5aae",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:23.407Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--1c63d4ec-0a75-4daa-b1df-0d11af3d3cc1",
                    "object_modified": "2024-01-08T20:40:31.822Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--2a7914cf-dff3-428d-ab0f-1014d1c28aeb",
                    "object_modified": "2024-11-17T14:59:25.749Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--3753cc21-2dae-4dfb-8481-d004e74502cc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T03:18:58.136Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
                    "object_modified": "2024-12-04T21:17:08.593Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-01-16T18:55:49.463Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--68ba94ab-78b8-43e7-83e2-aed3466882c6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:40:07.627Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--76d59913-1d24-4992-a8ac-05a3eb093f71",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T17:59:27.618Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--9538b1a4-4120-4e2d-bf59-3b11fcab05a4",
                    "object_modified": "2024-04-17T16:13:43.697Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--a07a367a-146c-45a8-a830-d3d337b9befa",
                    "object_modified": "2024-04-10T18:39:36.997Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--c77c5576-ca19-42ed-a36f-4b4486a84133",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:37:38.397Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--c93fccb1-e8e8-42cf-ae33-2ad1d183913a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-24T01:29:21.748Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--dd2d9ca6-505b-4860-a604-233685b802c7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-03-12T20:33:21.597Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--f29b7c5e-2439-42ad-a86f-9f8984fafae3",
                    "object_modified": "2024-08-14T15:24:19.141Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "intrusion-set--fbd29c89-18ba-4c2d-b792-51c0adee049f",
                    "object_modified": "2024-04-11T16:06:34.700Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--00e7d565-9883-4ee5-b642-8fd17fd6a3f5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:37:51.908Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:37:53.808Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-01-02T19:40:26.678Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--1d8dccb3-e779-4702-aeb1-6627a22cc585",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:54.754Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--242622ca-3903-43d5-8aa0-3bbdaa3020ec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:54.935Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--2eaa5319-5e1e-4dd7-bbc4-566fced3964a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-01-02T19:45:31.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--496bff4d-0700-4b28-b06f-f30a63002be7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.125Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--49c04994-1035-4b58-89b7-cf8956e3b423",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.301Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:24.423Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--54cc1d4f-5c53-4f0e-9ef5-11b4998e82e4",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-06T14:08:40.134Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--5719af9d-6b16-46f9-9b28-fb019541ddbb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:09.202Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--58eddbaf-7416-419a-ad7b-e65b9d4c3b55",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:10.239Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--5af7a825-2d9f-400d-931a-e00eb9e27f48",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-17T20:05:34.648Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--6108f800-10b8-4090-944e-be579f01263d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-15T19:46:34.471Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--68dca94f-c11d-421e-9287-7c501108e18c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:14.352Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:14.728Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--736a3b71-eccc-48b7-b5ed-adb2b74ca830",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.503Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--75ecdbf1-c2bb-4afc-a3f9-c8da4de8c661",
                    "object_modified": "2024-12-09T02:29:13.859Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
                    "object_modified": "2024-04-17T16:12:43.754Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--89ab0ca5-f7e0-4d16-bf2a-17d68117fa4b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.679Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--931e2489-8078-4f9f-85b2-a9211950e75b",
                    "object_modified": "2024-09-12T14:43:31.224Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--9e3c9495-5fbd-4676-b3ac-ddecceb57b8f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.859Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--a020a61c-423f-4195-8c46-ba1d21abba37",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-22T22:21:23.589Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--a4a98eab-b691-45d9-8c48-869ef8fefd57",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:25.077Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-22T02:14:27.600Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--b34df04a-9d30-4d84-a03f-0d536ee19a05",
                    "object_modified": "2024-11-20T23:33:20.890Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:25.242Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-06T14:09:52.833Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
                    "object_modified": "2024-04-11T16:06:34.700Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "malware--ff6840c9-4c87-4d07-bbb6-9f50aa33d498",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:46.014Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--007a2c53-fc5c-4750-aff0-defb282e178a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:49.087Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--00b9e63b-57a7-408e-83d6-fc03535010a6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:49.547Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--00e6c22b-9275-4039-b6d4-2ac0680325d6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:29.337Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--011f1d16-c9f1-48ac-94f1-165466c155f8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:49.972Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--012fd76f-1a10-4e48-9306-10ffae3f61dd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:50.177Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--01335508-22bb-4185-a7e2-49ec9bee6423",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:50.425Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--01b4a92f-da42-4dfa-8d59-53709b65940e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:30.122Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--01d002a2-696a-4e22-b227-b0b32f54eaf0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:50.855Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--02117d44-46d2-41f0-a5fb-ba303e6ee124",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:51.055Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--026ba3e5-ae3b-4a8b-83c0-ea8327cd9e50",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:51.276Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--028a3bcc-f299-4061-a0f2-8da85e0a3c81",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:30.722Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--02f547fd-2565-4130-a4be-c4ba7b5aeb0c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:51.927Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--03181dba-035f-45e6-a5c9-70d02a96e4f4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:15.104Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--033b4401-261f-498b-89f3-2bad9ff5907a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:52.127Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--03a9cdc7-3cc5-43e3-9a9c-97d1c4310e35",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:52.331Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--03aab956-54f3-4e4b-93a7-6d1898d91b57",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:52.555Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--03b4dae7-3b20-4ea9-9f7c-6c97582f98b7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:53.062Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--03d44496-7a15-4e23-820f-b6f1079dbbd3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:31.593Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--03e80e3c-28b9-4e7f-8b17-7c86d1483b91",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:53.533Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--03e94c12-cd51-4f39-a33d-c66a31bbf361",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:53.760Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0406292e-1288-42ac-b74b-88f5f0a7f1b9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:03:25.211Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--042243fd-bfe0-4961-96de-a36232d3ff74",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:53.964Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--04882fef-2a6b-40d0-a101-da9c76a3572e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:32.095Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0491ef92-2941-4841-9fe6-2e1809788b52",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:32.285Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--04aad4a8-8b8c-45d9-bb34-508fe4792863",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:54.635Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--04bf72de-75ba-4d95-ad24-f93ad835180c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:54.883Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--04fa6b94-d633-40ff-9ab2-88f58c07c3e1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:32.756Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--052da7dd-e7c9-4ab3-a8f9-eb734b24ec60",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--058396ca-3af4-444b-b261-74485c47e68c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:55.517Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0628c6a0-f799-44c4-b68a-95d32d244763",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:56:50.121Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--064dfd6f-db5d-48e8-b350-9dd47a270911",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:55.721Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--067932c3-0011-4ca2-9bbe-721c631e4e41",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:56.182Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--06c663f8-fcf1-47eb-ab79-284e93eafa6b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:33.601Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0750563d-a86c-4822-ab9c-0f2d3c304c6e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.095Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--076bfea6-309e-4804-a147-dffe93983481",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.327Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--077226fd-25b1-4d77-b2e5-d81331ff803b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:12.939Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--07c0e166-f05e-413f-8f3e-f487317c9626",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.527Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--07e06d21-e666-4274-838a-ef9996fdc0cd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.749Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--07f11dc3-60d7-42d3-a4f0-82eba85dfe44",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.964Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--07f4d65d-4572-450f-8cb2-908fee97bd67",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:34.434Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--08302021-aacf-428f-a0ce-e1034d925fb0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:35.090Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0861bf03-eadd-45a4-8490-ae2a2939125b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--088580e9-ccea-426e-9411-c1de60de650d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:35.268Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0951222a-42d1-4635-bb12-5285bc6500e0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:59.066Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--095456bc-898b-4c76-a062-ff0ea90aeab4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:59.310Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--096c3136-dac9-4729-98c0-c8d870f2bd13",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:59.533Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--09977105-562f-4f45-a151-27a11a18031e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:35.809Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--09a96454-505b-4e05-bc0d-41bf791dc926",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--09e0c991-1707-431b-a0fd-fd8215e6d552",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:59.961Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--09e9ed5d-bf32-4aee-8441-774e21ffbdb6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:00.211Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0a3b621d-2e88-4392-9963-3fdc40d3cb42",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:03:02.738Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0a421699-f013-49f4-9d9f-01d95d210510",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:00.654Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0a5002d3-cf0d-4e26-9fc4-8faff7f6578a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:00.869Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0a5d2136-e1f5-4a54-be64-a558f918bf0d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:01.074Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0b2a6fc5-3416-4d78-96cb-f6325c91ab91",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:01.311Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0b2d0517-9943-413e-a6f9-30c6d5ce8c42",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:01.508Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0b6cd19f-ee13-4224-9e22-f8a9e626d98f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:01.731Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0ba1db3a-389a-4937-975b-d2dc0142cb4b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:02.137Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0bc90405-24a9-4f84-a1bb-bf953dbca016",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:02.390Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0beb0088-3bea-4612-b2d9-ff9988f829ae",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:02.594Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0c145fb9-b67d-41ef-94a8-8bd3a5eabd3e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0c1fe5fc-3bdc-4d0e-94a0-6564f2ce4444",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:02.827Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0c27087a-623e-4c22-91ce-aa86ea57d7ab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:19:10.881Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0c284ce0-0be2-4164-b686-7c383b246aec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:03.032Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0c72593d-fcc6-4023-8771-bed5e243310e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:03.462Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0c9ed09d-4ce3-4e65-845a-c21dcc5d956f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:37.713Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0cab29c6-d196-47b0-8621-10ac3c8a95d8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:03.908Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0cce4090-d079-422c-995e-b4f04b280a7d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:40.214Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0d4f2f88-e176-42c7-8258-52b345045662",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:04.329Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0d52eea3-394e-492b-944b-9ccb6348329d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:04.553Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0d563cbc-b22c-4748-b082-db98bb7f0dab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:04.991Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0d617f2e-5c61-419b-9573-35d63fe1df1c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:59.197Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0d76f813-9d83-4d23-9604-966b71b562f8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:48:07.839Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0d8e0324-ba8e-4712-a123-60377afe94da",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:05.201Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0dbf48f3-4579-4ca2-aceb-19d3e0449136",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:05.408Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0df0cb6d-0067-48b2-a33e-495415713ab7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:38.856Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0e0eed7f-1569-4596-9931-bca61a35dc3b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:59:48.001Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0e191d66-fe38-4f28-ad82-6922bd6bcc81",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:06.044Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0e263b73-a033-4fac-9d6d-076ab8f8b954",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:06.275Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0e29f62d-4ffc-47ec-9623-72f874fbe905",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:06.755Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0e4f272b-d744-4feb-9f3f-c24c3598538f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:39.552Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0e9d5ca1-5bb1-415f-b31b-d4187d58f4ae",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:47.713Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0eb112f6-c1cb-4843-93f5-f668aa0e9bd8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:07.197Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0ef1e408-8ebb-4b28-b619-02914b7bae29",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:07.422Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0f18b876-b698-4f70-aa98-50e8b5a7eae2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:07.639Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0f20baa2-20cd-49de-bfa4-5b9765ceacf1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:47:19.964Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0f5295ce-d705-4541-8dda-c569b126d103",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:07.855Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0f5710a7-f015-40b8-ad3d-f281699f2b72",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:08.076Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0f8a6c14-1050-404a-bb6e-4fe107d5b6cd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:40.347Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0ff88ef7-44fd-4307-b381-2e0bc76ce83b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:40.592Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--0ffdee1a-1e83-4506-aba2-38c55812abb3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:40.810Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--10118728-17b8-41a2-b4d6-d8661bc177df",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:06:51.691Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--104b4f25-d0a9-41f6-94b3-fa85ee8b1523",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:41.041Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--10626671-941d-4a82-a835-56059058ef87",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:41.230Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--106530e1-375a-4ac4-befb-8297b3b05610",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:09.431Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--107d9a23-991b-44f5-97f6-7f6983c7013a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:41.549Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--10bdec75-567b-4b5a-aaa9-d935ebbba349",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--111f437a-c67d-40e4-9515-7e9b22e65eff",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:42.020Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--11840b30-f0d1-4df5-a960-cdb80749c32a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:10.529Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--11a82651-4d69-4738-89c6-17d0243cbbb0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:10.753Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--11e4eb54-b0b3-4f67-a93f-28cc10df00ab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:11.177Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--128de3f9-df58-4122-9523-0ac65a6ebf71",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:11.438Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--129a4d3f-fa4a-42c3-833e-8f15155b9693",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:42.955Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--12a6c5bc-c685-4249-b8c6-e6d49aa2b9ed",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:43.192Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--12d6fc4f-bf06-4146-a387-4cb86f0f44a4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:12.182Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--12e84466-fb05-4d55-9220-5933ee0fcb43",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:12.437Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--12fdacea-28f7-4113-ae67-0b19e1ab5e36",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:12.635Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--135b08ae-715b-4f45-9f03-0d156547e09b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:19.305Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--13809e98-1d74-4c39-b882-9d523c76cbde",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:13.098Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--139bb9e7-e5fd-4366-b2e6-4f74a73ec984",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:43.876Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--13d76624-7049-45c5-94d3-8f172b7f6336",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:13.517Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--14178a60-b894-4186-b83b-5ffd043f4cfc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1429cd78-4e2a-4898-a7d8-d01a0c465bd6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:13.959Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--144f6ce7-d2b2-4a76-85d2-251191a0d2cc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:14.173Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--147c2158-b2af-4d88-9d59-594c67a9200e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:44.608Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--14c73603-a6d2-4a8d-9904-0f8249aaa495",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:14.631Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1531a280-e280-465c-826d-ce357935a89c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--15377914-bf08-4c7e-ab00-1e272e2f3c1a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:15.092Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--159fb736-ba92-4564-aa6d-db6f64497763",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:15.566Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--15cf990b-ee67-4f86-a06b-20691274568a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:57:31.366Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--165e3427-8738-4a89-9964-4593c671e855",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1673b2e2-7799-4b5f-b5a9-2c51426a6916",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:15.976Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--16ac0172-02d1-4fda-99c0-61f1cef7dc4b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:16.202Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--16b74b29-e3b3-49ff-9ff4-cd7ade0f8ff4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:16.427Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--16c7240e-0559-4c49-9003-1bfe97074252",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:16.647Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--16cca881-cf8b-4651-9ab1-cc8507cadd58",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--16fe0039-b992-4432-a692-b30bb034e353",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--172e0537-7a9c-4610-9b07-32a841f0bd8d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:16.873Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1736df4d-188e-4a44-a8b3-6c6cd71dc749",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:17.069Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--17ae41a5-cb45-4935-bec1-ea0c8bfb2f34",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:46.162Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--17d5794d-dcd5-4e0f-87e4-87d41c24b5fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:17.536Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--17fd7ffd-63d9-4e1e-8b19-38095b2d65ab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:17.759Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--17fdec71-98e8-4314-a1be-037edede58bd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:17.963Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--182010e6-59c2-42f5-91c7-510891a96483",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:45.611Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1865830b-511d-4302-99f7-6143647a8e40",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:18.192Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--18ab56e8-79ce-481d-9ab4-e558fbfb5ac5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:18.419Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--18af193c-160a-4cae-9078-4d69de5c2347",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:18.630Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--18af4cd0-5941-4754-86b8-5d2389fd5524",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--18cb8770-09ab-48aa-8ead-b3d0030e47dc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:50:12.817Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--18cdfacf-4eba-4049-b85f-d1cab5106c75",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:18.861Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--18ef2d69-d11a-4d31-a803-da989c4073f7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:47.104Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1992737e-0df0-43c6-8a43-85bf3802e470",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--19ab6776-42de-48af-975a-568d31a3bb66",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:47.423Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--19c0d2bc-8de9-47c3-a1ee-63abc07c4348",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:19.765Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--19df16da-8247-45ef-be13-ba58b1fb9c1c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:19.981Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--19e9b914-3cb9-430c-ae02-f8e93fc2d826",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:20.204Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1a3ecee5-0237-4e01-8f02-90092c15a2f0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:20.422Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1a40cec9-47c3-404e-b039-b7ae83ffaf68",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:48.193Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1a900ac4-c150-4b57-a899-990854b01d4b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:20.874Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1a96ad0d-84df-4b6b-ba4c-8559de5ec356",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:21.089Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1a9ca148-a456-4b66-805f-a2bdfc7a947d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:21.309Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1aa02c37-973e-46bd-ab45-609463e514e9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:48.672Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1acc3a43-2961-4e4c-a237-f426a2df6be5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:21.720Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1af5c5bb-0d97-4c0a-9174-4dee1ff8b185",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.157Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1b36c370-6e82-4c2f-936d-a6fe8aafc73d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.366Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1b94c927-0445-4ed8-80f1-7b31418f60b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.572Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1ba485c9-951e-4e07-8e69-1d0efc372f6b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.779Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1bb30143-97e5-4bbd-9c2b-1d8de70aa10c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:24:36.494Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1bea0610-432c-4cd7-8e0e-8b7bbd09d738",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.979Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1c3d966a-5995-48ed-919d-25b972010fe9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:23.423Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1c7df4f1-cee5-42c6-a974-29552552666f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:23.628Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1c831708-28c2-47ae-a158-39f1f7b73406",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:23.875Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1cf89a8b-c0f6-4ffb-ae39-36e2a9d3b081",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:24.077Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1d0daee9-621c-47c8-b9f3-3b9a6dc5ea13",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:46:29.317Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1d35c947-447f-4693-9ab0-32dff56e664e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:24.315Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1d637465-fa54-4962-aa2d-cb0d04dfec0a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1d6fa472-a1fe-4657-a60d-c7f1c39b1653",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:24.766Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1dad5efc-395f-4b92-8f4f-3e987a4d5e57",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:00:48.950Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1dc35f79-0ada-4342-bd13-10d10c1b0335",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:25.078Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1f393d04-36db-4bae-a2a4-53ff12a1240e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:25.760Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1f785984-791e-4612-be32-9ee6903a9c0b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:26.160Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1f87378c-49fb-4da5-8ed3-3672633d3713",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:51.260Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1f8abf6f-0dd0-4449-b555-733fe7296177",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:26.813Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1fc147bd-d6ab-4beb-908b-0fbe8e125b76",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:51.579Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1fd49958-9695-4137-9aaa-57fde4b97cc8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:27.268Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1fd4cf4e-a26c-4fe5-a7fd-f49b8aea8437",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:27.469Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--1fd5badc-0e9f-462c-9738-550e7e8d8ae3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:27.677Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--20006064-4e2f-4106-a6b4-ee8b4c739c9b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--20031e48-2258-4901-ac21-bffd7191e931",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--206cc4c8-797e-427b-86f1-4c81df391c6e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:52.265Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2087b2b9-3b30-45be-abcd-4320bf0fa66b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:28.574Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2089201c-c1c6-4d92-a737-a6499e26ee7f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:52.600Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--208fe57b-cf2e-4188-8a6f-77597cd60351",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:29.056Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--20913dc0-33cc-43f8-bd34-a2f9a4a5fbd3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:24:19.525Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--20a0d820-59ef-42fc-9f56-7a93d1ce7a84",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:52.967Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--20f66fab-7a08-4707-ac79-92dac5acd11d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:29.490Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--21041206-da58-45c7-adb0-db07caebdcb6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:29.718Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--21058f32-3d6e-4381-9288-5c2248e84cce",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:29.950Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2138f4ee-5111-4469-92bb-1fc82a6822b4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:30.435Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--21470001-67f2-47cf-af21-784e5024ac1d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:30.632Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2159458f-87fc-4479-81f4-a2521a378221",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:31.056Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--21aa6331-3419-4049-b180-8349b71e1f2a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:31.273Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--21b6ec9c-8779-49db-bf19-90e81893a6e4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:54.408Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--21e0e769-cc74-4e3b-8f88-072ebf8eaaf2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:24:56.529Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--220140ac-d927-4d86-9335-c04aa6ee3c61",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:54.597Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--22401c3f-f64f-4ee6-94ee-24fe108b595a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--22448288-32d9-4d2c-be16-0784e119fff1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:31.938Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--22548926-29b4-4882-9878-633375489c0e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:32.138Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2287eabb-5349-4d3e-938a-7d6023d7e02c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:04:12.484Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2289f005-7863-4af5-b681-cdfc03d3f111",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:32.376Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--228b9a13-0545-4ecf-99ff-be02addaf7fe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:32.592Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--22ba5443-ea49-4076-a666-722eb5352f70",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:32.818Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--232c7049-7609-46a9-8bbe-38672713f853",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:33.029Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2346cbf5-b3c8-4110-a66c-6194251d4d49",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:33.285Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--234da455-b795-4788-bc5d-22b4b58b2dc7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:55.506Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--23564002-f836-4da6-a083-e086a606f0eb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--23851bda-49de-4f35-979f-c4e6b5742389",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:33.748Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--238f967a-0c29-4aa3-bbb5-3dc593473bbf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:33.963Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--242b5a0d-e4e8-4ceb-a975-cf8efd64e981",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:55.915Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--243ad7b2-546c-4bf2-a3c0-1438b13e197d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:56.107Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2452cc82-6ee0-4a98-a213-d5e3f3247e07",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:34.622Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--245c8c36-28e5-4508-a585-7768cb33299a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:34.847Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--24793eaf-f0d8-4baf-ba3d-900b87cf464d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.080Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--24885921-734f-46c1-85d7-3f79e0b886d6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.317Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--24d17e8f-0c0f-41d1-aa83-8b69b8d30be5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.532Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--24e1f6cf-44c3-4a3f-9839-5cd6398cc0fe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.763Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--250212f0-a149-4a14-af83-94f7fcedc021",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.960Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--25281488-be20-4d83-89d1-1da7ea836037",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:36.185Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--25ddb2e0-b945-45d2-a8a9-6e6d5c4401d3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:36.409Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--25e7ca82-2784-433a-90a9-a3483615a655",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:03:05.097Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--268b9429-b1c6-4bc3-84cf-8512e8ef57a7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:37.117Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--26bb65a5-a5c4-4a6a-9bdb-982abf425b49",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--26d68f5d-6ee5-4d98-b175-943366ccc038",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:37.322Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--26e58427-a2bd-4e77-9939-16ef60a072e7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:37.528Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--26fdd07e-d194-4f8e-a9af-d5b2f1d0222e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:57.959Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--274994e7-1fe9-463a-9979-46c72107bf9b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:37.951Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--276aa6a6-e700-470a-8f72-02537ba7be9d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:58.434Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2867f491-919b-463f-b689-bb3ceb7ae99f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:38.377Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--287b247f-8ec3-4d8d-a521-050ac8c791ad",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:38.580Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--28afd84d-a53e-4b2f-9bee-133f7da6982a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:38.801Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--28e89bca-04a2-462f-9d84-d5dc4d55d98e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:39.000Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--296375b0-817d-4f42-afe1-4308f5edf973",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:39.198Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2971151c-0e8a-4567-84dc-01cf5dd35005",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:59.183Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--299b13fd-255a-416e-a845-5aa87745d693",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:51:44.665Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--29c2757d-c5f6-4c8d-bbdd-3629cb14dd81",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:39.889Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--29ebbcee-3c41-42e1-8a3e-1c6678ca5ece",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:46:51.576Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2a451896-81aa-4eed-a444-4d04661adeeb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:40.097Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2aaa6840-47fc-455c-9b19-1d27c3afccbe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:40.314Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2b62e4c0-9267-47bd-8f4d-0394b13fb566",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:59.825Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2b7d57d7-3802-4b59-99c6-1e1597fe78d1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:40.766Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2c1510bc-99d2-43d6-a58c-585d2dab485e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2c79920a-f2d1-4114-a1df-924835da645c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:40.983Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2c8dd182-e0a1-469d-aa65-7a1f734d9b46",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:00.291Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2cd79563-0f5a-44a1-9be4-6dc330855d64",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:00.505Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2d0bed1d-342b-44a0-aec8-e6d7c6596fa2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:41.964Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2daeeaaa-5b4b-4bb7-a94d-78a5749027ca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:00.983Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2dc39956-05d1-4dd5-86db-cb70568d73fe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:42.621Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2e32e0fd-24cf-4a41-b56d-98ada9f1db8a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:43.048Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2e5f338d-92c4-4647-8fef-7c901ff774f5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:01.552Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2ecc567f-3aaa-4bd8-935f-4808d177a552",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:01.771Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2ecf9476-b546-44ff-8547-4ca56cf7eeb8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:43.954Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2f0d1a71-7cb6-4979-b072-a859d117d47f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:44.177Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2f457bef-1721-4e0f-b236-24e4652a31b4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:44.422Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2f64b5aa-7e4d-4a5e-9960-69a63ad25083",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:02.302Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2f6b635b-1441-4ef0-9289-1ed6b9098d4a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:02.545Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2f7c49a0-89fe-4d18-915c-c321868d47bd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:45.125Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2f9c25af-d2e2-4793-85bf-6e2696384a50",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:45.376Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2fbb7867-79c5-4d45-9876-98c4041dd72e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:02.990Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2fd13fc0-e3f0-4099-ab20-d19ba6bcd4e0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:45.832Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2fd8a76f-4663-4251-a16d-e1f105a854f9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:46.041Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2fe222c4-cc81-473d-956e-235e2961a5c3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:46.267Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2ff351dc-5b86-4a5b-b0f0-7ac1af8f891f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2ff82993-5010-4450-89e7-341f449f3263",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:03.548Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--2fffbea8-c031-4de8-a451-447bbbe3e224",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:03.733Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--302eb257-cd1f-468e-a9f2-3229a7737bb1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--305866af-1f36-49e0-a57d-d5faaf29011c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:46.946Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--309e4558-e591-4d03-9bb9-07d30acf011f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:47.152Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--314a1b91-167a-4ad5-a36b-8bbdbd286540",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--317ce6a3-7767-4be3-a201-004368f1b2ec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:53:08.323Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--31897c41-1d47-4a34-b531-21c3f74651a8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:47.602Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--31bf1721-78a2-4b6c-b325-5c44dc02ea33",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:47.848Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--31d7e048-92fc-4b63-b0d5-28b64b39797a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:48.055Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--31e67caf-6b34-4651-96fc-5b97609c843a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3212de2a-6635-4b95-aeb4-9c0744aed2ce",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:48.301Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--321dfef3-01bf-40ee-901e-6354b945c31a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--322690b0-eb2a-42a4-a072-3241f7b78033",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--32438a90-406c-40f7-a5ac-a1ca92cd51d5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:48.778Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--327916f7-fe5d-4858-adeb-f72f74c60c25",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:48.987Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--327f65bc-8a33-4dbb-88d4-714a9e42442b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:49.213Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--32bcf2cf-3311-4ef1-9bf4-4bfe14832b3b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:49.426Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--32d15d1a-04ba-4035-907a-e2871425e8d1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:49.640Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--33215dfa-53d0-4bd7-a15d-cec9315c7c4d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:05.399Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3334e647-fd5d-481d-a7f9-66f73911a57a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:50.097Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--33486e89-f0f4-4507-9f13-48a8f22c8ac8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:05.720Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--337f366d-3d76-470c-8ee2-0e2252648282",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:50.518Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--33bc3e6f-e8cb-40ea-8088-3de39e2490a7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:50.768Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--33e33c74-2f17-4bac-bbba-bf4f2a2035e5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:51.006Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3412e6dd-6adb-4c91-a5d8-c4f68dd362d5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:00.372Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--34535779-9957-4766-a7fc-e8d4dbfb5eee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:57:06.854Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3471632d-253d-469e-9e8c-3b291b4ae88a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:51.437Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3478c49c-594b-4224-b7f9-2b0b09c67288",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:06.590Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--34ac1b1b-1103-4fc9-a62e-f1dd1451b28b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:06.813Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--34d4101b-b4c9-4ea3-a84d-81e84e7f5033",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:06.990Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--350814da-5c36-42f9-8e58-8f9534e6ce0a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:52.315Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--351e19c4-c16e-493a-9800-a433107aacf1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:52.519Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3526acc8-8834-4aaa-87a5-51e587360cf5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:52.764Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--352ed52c-88ba-4731-a917-4c33da0f29d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:52.991Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--35cf6922-d48f-42ea-b7f5-f0258892bd52",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:53.210Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--35d3a730-4de6-4406-a025-ad29340985c2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:48.981Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3618a010-b94b-4974-b1be-7630d5c853c1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:53.429Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3666c249-26c8-4aad-8dc7-5d07253b1c5c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:15.758Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--366a4cd1-aa95-4985-9d80-b45a2551e298",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:07.926Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--368558ce-e8a6-4375-b54f-47c2ab31e38d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.072Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--37048032-b41d-47d8-9c73-7b706bef24d1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.320Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--371fe079-430d-46dc-ad31-a53838fc6c24",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:06:13.410Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--372c2e72-d56a-4501-a3bc-31b6b0c8d0be",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.521Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3731962f-64e7-4750-ac8b-40b97eef8725",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.729Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--373627f1-5e68-45ab-b1ac-c063d9585a3e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:56.872Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--374837a0-6109-4c95-bee6-893b25ac71cf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.931Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--37754ab4-03de-475b-8eb2-4ac3fad63852",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:06:24.302Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--37aeaf27-6bbe-4949-ba77-37649e38f8b2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:55.587Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--37f69c20-9158-4091-88dd-fc42b85de265",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:20:10.625Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--383e242a-72d4-4b40-8905-888595c34919",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:55.836Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3843dcca-62a2-4224-9241-05f981fa880a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:56.034Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--38bda770-c470-4358-a9ad-a5b39bec026b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:56.485Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--393983b0-aeb0-4cc0-ae77-8180fe9f8f87",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:47.207Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--39452123-574f-4f3a-95ec-a90170a3d7eb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:56.704Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--399126a9-815d-4c3b-9d5e-f57d698ac742",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:56.917Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--39e5a489-f557-4130-a285-e0a82f40685c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:57.345Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--39f785a8-4175-4d3c-ba64-e20ad4bc2584",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:57.561Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3a04717f-b74c-4096-b031-ee7115fdc3c9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:57.833Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3a20ed21-5e69-4a16-a0e3-bace3eba9974",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.066Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3a6cd53d-0d4e-4cf8-8edf-f9ebde4faac4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.273Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3a76a181-8706-4bc4-9c66-7e809fec44ca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.486Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3a7d1db3-9383-4171-8938-382e9b0375c6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.707Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3a9a07b5-0db5-40c6-b3e4-d1a006c85726",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3a9fc435-30b7-4684-a874-026c129aaa79",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:54:22.945Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3aa2691d-d88d-4467-ae3e-242b3bac22ea",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.913Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3ab912a4-70aa-45f8-b2ef-57113dde2cfa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:10.956Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3ad966be-8cb2-42e6-b696-ef9e3b512e35",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:59.605Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3b6567a9-6213-4db4-a069-1a86b1098b63",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:59.868Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3b7f39cb-0101-49b0-ab02-a5adb1672688",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:00.098Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3bc61c8f-3d04-40bd-8239-a15913056bb2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:00.330Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3be8045a-1f0d-4460-a76b-ae830e74c1e0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:00.566Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3be9d4d1-17e1-4f3e-b22a-edad8cf0c343",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:11.687Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3c182910-aaa9-4565-991d-55c1857a7fba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3c2d1b8a-d092-4a71-a0d4-dc5abff338bc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:15.201Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3ce078ca-dad7-477a-8178-f0daf7ee823b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:30.255Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3d005ed8-77d3-4fed-9dd5-7e39ba8cb50a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:01.720Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3d3c5d24-be5c-42e8-98ca-3b04382df39a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:02.154Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3d676c1b-2650-4599-8a57-790c55f9977d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:12.669Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3da977ab-c863-4e6f-a5b7-68173160da00",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:12.890Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3db8d8d2-89bb-4241-afeb-9b9332aac78e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:03.041Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3dd15958-b159-4d01-b3c2-37bdf9b417b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:03.473Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3dd35c9a-146d-4370-80ac-69fed35d81a1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:03.720Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3dde2b07-7c30-4a18-a9df-f85db84f9b14",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:13.443Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3e015dd2-eff3-4955-ba74-388266518579",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:05:16.999Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3e0c8afc-4c4d-40cc-bb61-f76b3fc1b013",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:58:46.808Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3ed98d8c-de30-499e-9a62-eae0207519f4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:13.765Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3f07067f-0cbc-489c-8722-a33399ebd4f9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:04.618Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3f261739-b6ec-4a86-94a3-146929f9facf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:04.869Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3f335e8f-68da-4b06-9d96-f371ddaf23e6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:14.177Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3f76d408-be8a-478e-8a5a-aab1d1f96572",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:05.537Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3f92c11b-f6e2-4c07-9913-9fa7469ba4fe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:05.764Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3fb86696-1d56-42d5-a73d-044a78b588fe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:05.999Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--3fe69c6d-6722-44ad-bab7-e34981d68daa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:06.232Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4011b9e8-317f-40b9-bd3c-3fb1e99c6542",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:06.451Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--40479f3e-d4d2-45f8-893f-f8a4fcf1613c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:06.668Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4059da6f-b52b-4265-8bf9-3ad6154dbde4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:06.892Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--408b2389-3280-46c6-8c94-2579b47b2340",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--413c1c41-6ef9-413b-a75a-e67f1668b3db",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:07.332Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--415b3d09-f30e-4f25-8cae-bbe7fef80275",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:19:25.233Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--41a109dd-11d9-4840-a38b-088fc790f45a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:07.563Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--41adaf0b-b7ae-4bdb-9a5b-567fd0911d7a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:15.651Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--41b87fd8-6e4d-4e53-a282-c85292fdaa22",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:15.857Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--41dbf626-b968-4b51-9f7d-aaea14d39b4d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:08.191Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4211c12a-57cf-4ebb-910a-6af7aa09cf34",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:16.194Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--423271c0-04dc-42d0-8e27-fb0b6067e096",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:08.611Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4256a0c2-437d-4a4c-88ac-d08d3041b8c1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:16.596Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--42577e40-8a29-461b-aeb6-232f4b04d76a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:55:49.673Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--42ab7d24-8286-4a7a-8cd7-02e54a80e13f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:16.796Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--432b2dc0-52ff-488f-a5e9-c1e510fc7a0b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:09.477Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--43344cd7-5004-4dac-8b62-8899105fa265",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:09.681Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--433539bf-cb17-4de1-9c0f-e579b041514f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:09.883Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4369da69-bb09-4cc8-8600-081a450f50e0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:17.276Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4387dbb0-8602-4485-ab55-2ed63d8b1622",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:01.891Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--43ab2ba4-4bb7-4d5d-83ad-c87ef3f05e7d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:29.213Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--43ab749c-d449-4fca-a14b-0f3a991fcdcc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:15:06.489Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--43b11545-3b70-4284-a369-bed7a0de4fd0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:10.528Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--43bdf580-b98f-49cf-92d5-3dac50450c86",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:17.653Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--43d9821c-13ba-4009-b58b-a073918b780f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:57:56.590Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--43e7ed35-4038-4bc3-82bb-d5ff337b368a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:02.137Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--446c95ea-5178-4ae9-8f92-cb20dd50f7de",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:17.858Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--44c857cf-7a4e-405a-87ca-7f6d79000589",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:11.416Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--44dd2e01-9aca-44c4-bfb8-05d16c928793",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4508bdef-9528-47ae-804c-bc59d1e694e7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:11.638Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--456ff399-4925-45d4-aa84-d930eae5348e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:11.878Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--45aae58e-1d09-49de-b4c2-837c6f1d5d8f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:12.094Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--45d14170-7f7b-4e08-b53f-42fa4a3a04d9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:12.313Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--45ee1822-71e4-4d92-976d-306561b70555",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:18.950Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--461e81a2-c7ad-499e-908d-05ef2f7bd9cd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:19.245Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--46332a77-2fd6-4033-96cf-6163172775ec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:19.555Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4653847b-c089-4435-9159-6f76353833f7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:13.419Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--46690df4-ddac-4ed4-8987-8706ae68a0cf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:13.639Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--46798892-d849-43fe-8147-b40cc9da291e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:13.854Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--46bc86e4-e20b-4778-80d2-8891039e6fb4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:14.064Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--46e4cdd2-e8f0-46aa-9264-868815a05af9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:14.277Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4768c731-3be9-44b8-a217-dfbececa57d9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:14.477Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--476fdcf2-0b39-4ddc-9744-ef54d3b9efb8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--47b1bc70-9fe4-4a6f-a137-f51db24566da",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--47f15a06-8675-4698-833d-bd141ed9e755",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:14.899Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--483719ad-c973-4210-b059-14e87dbd45f8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:15.147Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--48489baf-56c2-423e-964a-0a61688e4a19",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:20.807Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--484b0873-59ef-41a3-b33d-b3fb41a2c957",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:15.592Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--491455dc-f7c8-4e12-811b-b8c5c041b4c3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:21.187Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--49242ea8-4813-49f7-8bd4-9668216cceeb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:16.023Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--493e1d96-a534-4c4a-80d1-516616b0cc44",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4966e63c-ca05-466d-91f9-41d799a54471",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:21.486Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--497e0dbf-b36e-4c2e-9368-67553c8ba5b1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:25:02.119Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4981a944-b3ad-4d78-9881-a17d458e3422",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:16.504Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--49966e16-04a2-4fd7-86cd-aa934040a9d8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:16.718Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--49d38b21-5ce5-48d9-a356-639fc6c7a53d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:16.924Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4a641966-3cc8-4dd6-aa61-1a96cfff4a05",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:17.384Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4a7340fc-0eec-4459-a491-952d736b79ef",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:17.593Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4ad48410-efd9-41c0-ac59-e4343d3b9198",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:17.814Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4b6a964f-af5c-4ec2-a309-c1ae6b929596",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:18.221Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4b853b7c-bc55-4599-b88d-d08d651526c0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:18.442Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4b98b72c-a093-4917-a21b-a0b4f388e98e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:18.645Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4c1df272-9c2a-4647-8d05-3c0de1613e12",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:18.868Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4c53b294-973f-4cc2-a781-6c86b8f1c962",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:19.069Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4d163eab-7118-49c3-a4e9-d4f26d09b314",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:02.344Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4d407dda-944a-4974-b1c2-0a04d2c9ee4c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:13:35.299Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4d76274d-75bc-4cd0-be6a-3d5d99f73cb7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:19.583Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4d7eecfc-4dd6-470c-a604-4c8239ac2be4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:19.805Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4dd93fd2-6e6d-4c50-a091-6d6ea6903f1e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.025Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4ef202e5-b1cb-4cc4-892d-df6bf683c596",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4f3a843b-18e7-46e8-8285-9102a2fe62e5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.229Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4f4e2e9e-6f9a-4c9c-af2b-4db4ec444c93",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.428Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4f7cc4b9-fe3a-4883-97cc-4d2a44c55be9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.630Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4f83cc15-274d-44c6-859f-e598e362e76e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.861Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--4fde6641-ad83-4b23-b51c-97fe7bdc558c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:14:52.305Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--502a0b7e-048a-468a-b888-e91fde47c6eb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:24.862Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--503c5256-b611-437e-a4ef-2ee1fd20ab29",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:21.314Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5041e17d-6349-4589-8c61-7b43964b5f9b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:25.211Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--50a2b289-7bce-405d-8515-c2b5424cce5c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:25.481Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--50b3247a-ea71-455e-b299-f00666c05146",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:21.937Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--50c20664-75dc-451e-b026-67b1d309e4b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:22.152Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5131c799-517c-4bad-ba97-46ad7de956e7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:22.378Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--51957f0f-79e2-4716-beec-0fec67e4482f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:11:54.747Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--51eb15a3-48af-470f-94c0-10f25b366d72",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:22.591Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--51eca7b9-6330-48a8-badd-65ed3e9d3639",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:26.221Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--51f9963c-c041-4bec-b482-5fda2fb5bca4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:23.270Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5201c576-70a5-4b32-8dfd-dd8ac86f096c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:23.504Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--520aad6a-2483-45bc-a172-2417137f6ca0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:26.760Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5212f36b-216f-4e32-8b64-3b4c94dfada5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:27.011Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--523777f8-4780-4716-807c-08a67450b916",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:24.163Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--524ffb0f-40ae-4c97-a098-d14001fffa31",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:24.372Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--525d0a51-bbf9-4cda-aec9-562bb05bd3a0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:24.595Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--52855d5d-e835-470f-a675-751c2779c861",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:27.613Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--529610e5-831f-48df-a22f-fa088b9f9e9e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:10:58.772Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--52bfd00c-2e5b-4e43-bba6-f3b46e241d7b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:25.027Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--52c7176b-431d-44a6-8c03-7c15a8cf6ce1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:27.938Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--52e828db-58d0-443e-8d94-54d265d9606e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:25.441Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--531e0589-0dad-444d-aca4-6198ba5d9fcd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:28.236Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--533bd747-2567-4c53-a10b-938734f8aeab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:25.872Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5343d50a-a36a-4470-9390-98ecd19b800b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--535c5160-17e0-44eb-9f4b-1a8e216b56a2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:26.098Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--538e5653-137a-4ce2-8b08-5ba69caa794a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:15:21.909Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--53a54e4a-2b38-4b0c-8f60-252a68767443",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:26.417Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--53af6987-21bb-46fd-bf85-e3eeaa74de1a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:26.627Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--53d7a78d-1431-49e8-944c-62c875e58a20",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:26.835Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5424e327-396f-4b07-94a3-408ffc915686",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.030Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5425d1cd-8840-4640-90a3-72f3bd7151bd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.265Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--544e996c-0bdc-42b2-91af-14c27d4213b9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.495Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--54a7bc3f-c05f-4fb3-a980-ffc8750a0a56",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.715Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--54a977df-ca85-43b2-b2bc-96fdcd23aa9b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.911Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--56672ea4-cbf0-4a3e-8aed-edcc7d33133b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:30.145Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5677e801-bd49-404b-b54a-6b00da52530c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:29.175Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--56896f6b-27fe-4396-bfea-d3c1a7580b18",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:29.624Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--56dcc2d7-5243-4a5d-a556-8723642e98a4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:29.859Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--56f22365-3711-468a-8f57-ee4193bf1ee8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:57:55.280Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--570f630b-ee41-490f-a909-d2f15b5ad459",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:06:21.839Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5714c88f-ca54-46b6-b072-cd1d24714ae0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:30.068Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--57510758-786a-4f0a-aab2-101eaf4e7b9f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:30.269Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--575f0e0b-d68d-432b-abb3-cbd3e641fc88",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:30.958Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--577b53a0-44ff-4cc4-b571-455d61e596c0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:30.910Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--578117b2-0f4b-4d75-a2dc-3ee45976e616",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:31.117Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--57e8711a-9aae-4a22-94d4-f4c8a3a8f141",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:16:38.121Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--57ff803c-0380-4176-bb42-f7bb30e79fec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:58:27.480Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5804ae3d-0daf-47a5-b026-d42878f55803",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:31.547Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--58269882-7e8d-4d24-b7a3-dbef6196cb61",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:31.726Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--58a0fd57-ea5f-46b0-84ac-c5b963fb7e94",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:32.042Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--58a95ec2-0079-4d58-a7ed-02664c1095ba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:32.268Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--58cb4cb5-4b0f-4ce0-b3f9-5deb9de31c52",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:32.324Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--58f5c89c-7ed2-4e14-ac07-6e95da16e2f1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:32.703Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--590bdd67-31ef-4edd-b2ac-2bd1b98da19c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:32.786Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5914a482-dbb7-429d-96f3-77f0588ac12d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:33.017Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--591620d3-5549-49db-9080-43f86a68a590",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:33.598Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5924f411-11f0-4ac9-94b5-0f8dec844999",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:51:26.488Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5968cbde-b3da-46df-a8bd-a30c2d85363b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:33.839Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--59b53303-e4df-49ec-8e5a-812f2b4265a8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:34.042Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--59cb471f-ad8b-464f-ab8f-c267f329b0dc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:34.481Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5a43a422-4235-44b8-87e4-bc82e83d44f3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:43.955Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5a97008b-c23b-4890-ba76-c30cf2a18fba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:35.030Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5adfe50f-938b-4d8e-885d-0c0ebf43bdcd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:38.152Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5ae1cf3a-2603-4bf9-ace3-5b1ee5d8d757",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:34.127Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5b14c813-09e2-4709-ab42-94830cf9538c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:35.448Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5b701c8d-374a-4a6b-a695-b5c7a747ceb2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:35.656Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5bad41f1-7a3f-42c6-9b9d-6975212697e2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:59:28.930Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5bb313a8-8407-4ec1-a4b0-683ded7f3302",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:35.883Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5be1f2b1-75fd-4e7e-901b-495cee4ab5ad",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:34.778Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5beda54d-cd1f-491b-a85e-d7618a0683ad",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:36.327Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5bf8473c-3c60-4a8a-8514-c2b50ab8a92d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:36.538Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5c0bdf4c-233f-42cd-8900-2a5cc8c9387c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:36.747Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5c47a389-30fb-4d42-935d-282c29b67feb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:32:38.792Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5c4add91-8956-4d66-a5e9-d17e7ee92cfb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:25:44.519Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5c61c8a2-bfff-43fb-8397-bff864413d74",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:36.954Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5c8c8976-2cac-4185-9719-ef55c1032d6a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:37.377Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5ca1d677-b41f-4f1e-b86b-f5637a418829",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:35.585Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5d0a7979-0420-4fd1-b5ad-cb5565cbdf9d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:35.762Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5d33de22-35b0-47fa-bc63-f984522340b7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:36.023Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5d4f6aff-650c-45fe-a9d8-2080d3ea02d7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:38.316Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5d9d7c5d-c455-4bcc-9d2c-80f6746632b9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:06:40.704Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5db3a67e-8a3a-479e-a723-fe0f0c9e3563",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:03:44.816Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5de6bf53-0a02-439b-a8d0-248fa9640a36",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:36.340Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5dfa5bad-8b0b-4884-bf01-04ea89e3ccf7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:36.564Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5e099568-fb5c-4f58-af7e-4e1b7a9d1128",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:38.960Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5e324da5-0fee-4dac-b289-410d560e03e9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:39.172Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5ee01089-2ab6-4cf5-a39d-adf72666eceb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:39.400Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5f03ee5d-534c-454c-aae3-b41130b00286",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:37.088Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5f57e37e-fa3e-4cb6-973e-7e69f61a65c2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:24:03.660Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5f5c38f6-aa3e-4447-a2d3-a76830ab36b0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:39.867Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--5ff26c96-c610-4669-b44e-d6318205be5a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:40.092Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--600f0115-94e3-49bf-afa6-0180b3367b94",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:40.318Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--604a9bf0-81a3-425b-9005-779c4f0f749d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:37.711Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--604e1830-11ac-4ccf-a1d0-b22b80c1b024",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:40.768Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--605f3853-b007-4134-8a2d-6a81a35e7676",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:40.983Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6067c069-8e93-4bf0-bb49-97538d55c3de",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:41.206Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--610af67a-5e9a-4f10-a88f-d74451e0bac1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:14.589Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6124eea3-34b1-4829-89b7-d837910515e6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:54:27.561Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--61668e93-6d9d-418d-9fbd-2d88c3a66544",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:38.430Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--61869a8e-d6da-478a-b770-47f97beae8b4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:19:06.690Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6258c355-677c-452d-b1fc-27767232437b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:42.032Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--62abe387-10a2-414b-881c-060b70db2157",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:42.273Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--62e818b8-38e6-42ff-9424-9a327332eb2a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:42.480Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--630eb861-eb37-4258-9dbd-87789df2257a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:42.705Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--632ca9a0-a9f3-4b27-96e1-9fcb8bab11cb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:39.154Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--63323b12-86db-4b91-a701-90daf3f98f7c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:39.353Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--63453d2f-30f6-40ab-b32c-506d940ecd20",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:43.267Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--639148fb-d0a5-4a2f-b6a3-a5ceb83d620b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:43.745Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--63ca148e-12c9-4090-b51e-a8fb7a847a2a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:43.943Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--63f863e5-7c00-4474-8e43-bbe8bfb05cc3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:44.216Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--642cae89-bb5c-46f3-9fea-8d747b930c35",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:44.432Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--648c6649-5861-4b43-a7e5-a9665bafb576",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:44.640Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--64db6a39-64d2-4999-97d7-91c28c32f42e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:40.357Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--64f14b30-f71e-4429-b16e-160ae5e346f0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:20:25.164Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--650bca94-b9ad-45dd-90c9-83481247711a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:02:00.622Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--652a68a2-a26b-4e8c-86dd-fd83187ed043",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:40.656Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--652c1e77-cfea-4452-9762-5ba16f874119",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:45.324Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6573327e-3757-424e-8570-04ffe7d5d0e2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:45.770Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--65a45501-10de-46a2-89bf-03bbf17aba33",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:41.115Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--65aa5a0d-926c-4b04-9509-f66a99639877",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:46.215Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--65adbdda-7069-40ed-9825-b79ec87e4916",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:20:08.790Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--65d42e15-749b-4f86-86c5-b9f1da1e60c5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:46.527Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--65e25631-05de-4ce2-88cc-52f91cfbdaf2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:46.764Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6603a100-d655-4e6b-8d38-73c11b89dde4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:46.983Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6637d8e6-6578-4d15-a993-d63ced4c4464",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:41.933Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--665587ee-1524-4334-9580-2b448c417542",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:47.442Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--66738beb-0a33-4d70-baec-8307b5b34f80",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:47.650Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6681bc38-0b55-4714-b690-c609956b40bf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:47.871Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--668f8c4b-225a-4287-ac5b-7717a4f75b5d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:48.099Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--66af47d7-c430-4ac9-8020-fd79b7059037",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:48.321Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--66d041e2-d9e8-46cc-88ee-8e5c1cec8702",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:48.549Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--66d8f3d7-68e0-48a0-a563-4746922080fc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:49.011Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--66eb9d6f-498b-4a9a-94d3-fe808460bb68",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:49.271Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--66f79019-d52c-46a6-b605-c2335d1d3d20",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:49.483Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--671043a9-337f-411a-9ca9-3112e897ab09",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:43.142Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6754195a-99cd-4b45-bafd-4a374ae79bbd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:49.950Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6795c92f-848f-488e-9c25-d240f99c9b34",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:50.161Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6797d89b-c631-4a45-90b8-7da2c703b6e7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--679e7b8d-57d7-4c1d-8f42-1496606ea666",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:50.595Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--67ae8423-c401-4c11-93d3-0454c288d934",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:50.822Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--67dae594-4239-4756-a0bc-dee75de19e4c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:51.045Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--67e11f38-9f68-4989-8de3-da65af52063e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:51.272Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--67ed5edc-fd57-4b1c-9677-8f0758154526",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:04:04.581Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6833d534-9cbb-4b9f-85b6-93d3d2d6faca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:44.130Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--685249f9-e51a-4914-8b7f-09679e04198b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:51.723Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--686cbd74-ef49-4e77-9599-21777d3a4738",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:44.436Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--688d2041-5c8b-47e0-86e1-a8d16134bdb1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:52.150Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6895e54e-3968-41a9-9013-a082cd46fa44",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:20:55.390Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--68c5a109-9dab-4bf1-953f-05e891bb41ca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:16:08.208Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--68d30c45-766f-48b6-9405-0c969243332b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:44.887Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--68e0f740-e04d-492c-b735-ce75f86a62f5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--691d1193-193a-4433-9a2e-1eb3fa239de6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:20:00.603Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--692324b4-064a-430c-8ffc-7f7acd537778",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:53.160Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--692ff921-c74d-40a4-ab31-879aba5f247a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:53.380Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--69576d3c-d0e8-459e-9f2e-0b9c560b2e04",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:45.485Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--69889c90-e6d0-4007-9078-2bfbd7c18a91",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:53.819Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--698d7c50-daab-4087-a7b4-b2bc8dfd81a7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.021Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--69cf4015-fae1-47f6-9253-1f99209288a5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.220Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--69d19946-72fb-40ce-90fb-0757df8353b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.431Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--69f4ed24-c2f7-49e1-99a2-350cc2795820",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.629Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--69f5ca66-8334-47e1-920e-b9320e007c3b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:30.277Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6a476f56-2c07-43be-8054-d978ee8eb924",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.854Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6a5922e1-e282-464d-9e71-ce2c2ed44908",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:55.057Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6ad39b3a-a962-457f-852c-be7fc615e22f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:55.713Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6ad3b5cc-7ba1-4287-8c05-d02385f84f72",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:55.918Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6b0e8f60-ecdf-4140-9741-5b50df67353c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:56.113Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6b33ae4d-2c8b-434f-994e-7e0b1413ff2c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:12:03.315Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6b54f354-9059-4366-8077-87360c4db2ab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:56.338Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6b5d2643-b399-43aa-8ab1-7557a0446b07",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:47.087Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6b5fd6d8-ef70-4896-b1a4-7b6c29c3a0d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:47.369Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6baa9172-04e4-416d-a009-668cda23fd5d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:57.213Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6be4cef2-3d54-4cd8-97df-8a8b37c03605",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:48.108Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6c15ec9f-2b48-419c-adc1-f989833f6187",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:48.514Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6c31c795-935a-41ad-8db1-d74430f4a553",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:58.609Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6c470aa0-b119-4078-80fc-2b66a4d6eac4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:58.835Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6c9c1c11-c996-4d2b-bbed-d73ae30efd2e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:59.035Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6cf80e5b-075f-4220-83a5-dc471bb9244b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6d1906b4-e815-4688-86f1-ce61d403f8c6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:48.970Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6d822f86-5793-403a-b176-5d533f6b81b3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:59.500Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6e329090-fc8c-4a7f-bbf9-08067ad9ebe5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:59.730Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6e3c2c04-0838-4863-80a7-d73ef5ac6a64",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:49.358Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6eafa3e9-f53f-43b5-ac24-1415b05b537f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:00.601Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6ed07095-c23a-4676-807f-a544deaeb274",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:00.821Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6f0384e6-73c8-4fc7-bc0c-0a8c2bfa473d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:49.986Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6f1479d9-dfd4-4baa-abd5-9847781ef9bf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:01.272Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6f2c2043-6487-467a-bb49-e8cd2509ae9f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:50.262Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6f2ddada-d7df-4788-b5d1-9add185142e0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:01.724Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6f72c60e-2739-40b6-b6a9-66d2a3d1833e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:01.937Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6f950c91-125b-46a0-aa40-239b4de2306a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:02.130Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6f9e3f69-ac1c-479e-ae2d-73dd1413d4dd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:02.333Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6fa3aee4-2a29-4c0f-9e61-1f7df5eccc00",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:02.537Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--6ff846b1-9444-45f1-837a-4eeeb16bdfe7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:02.767Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7041d8e5-3b74-402a-86b3-fd59def80632",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:51.225Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--709c4e40-c5c6-405b-bc3d-0adfea40ccd4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:03.420Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--71422483-33e4-4131-a4ec-40322d91d8a0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:04.077Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--71a2c3f5-7383-4bd8-a830-dc2aae62a977",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:04.320Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--71c9db9c-6f0c-4e33-a20a-dcd5b791a49a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:51.948Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--71e9230d-eec8-4ce1-bc96-9288bacc8b13",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:04.796Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7200f777-0ddd-4c9c-a022-26d49ea524d3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:04.999Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7205e59d-c09a-4b06-b1fc-cee61ef8344d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:15:19.909Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7258c355-677c-452d-b1fc-27767232437b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:05.205Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--730580d4-d68c-407f-9d09-f379e9aefc7e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:05.631Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--73093c08-ea39-4956-8bff-55e15f6630cd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:05.863Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--739e7b8d-57d7-4c1d-8f42-1496606ea666",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:06.078Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--73c358d5-f4ce-4ce5-aa3d-d2ede8aff148",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:06.534Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--740082b7-2411-473a-a59d-4d46cf12f8b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:06.769Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7411b05d-209a-4907-83ce-00ab1538fbac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:53.102Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--745b5268-f2b3-499c-a6a4-63d7e8667ff7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:07.186Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--74b66248-2cb6-46ea-b52c-c7d60c170f3f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:07.420Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--74ec9ce5-3155-488c-ae56-570c47a1d207",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:53.461Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--75366cbf-e45f-4cfd-9e76-5af4dfe10766",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:53.666Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--754521fc-4306-4daa-831b-6b6fb45847e2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:53.870Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7584e57f-1258-4c47-b18d-99019a586e6c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:08.328Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--758773e3-d23d-44db-b5d3-643cde5b41f1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:08.526Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--758d5818-f919-4a6b-9dc2-a212595a11bd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:08.752Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--75c27f4e-d1e3-490a-9793-a6fc8e326a48",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:09.180Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--75e6adae-06a7-47e9-878e-74ca73004c3b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:09.421Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--75f486d8-c651-40ba-8e2e-81ee6c924ffc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:56:11.885Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--76537fd7-5782-4a8d-9b54-117b168a4306",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:09.631Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--768b6ce0-8b1c-4424-a9e7-ee659a948fa9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:20:40.018Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--77566f94-5e26-41c9-892f-2f62b395afe7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:10.076Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--77f3a64d-227d-487f-8484-89007e05b59f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:10.528Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--78881a3d-59ad-4fbb-8bd2-69388a068584",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:10.749Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--788a2994-f3fd-4ac4-9ef3-06a72a4e1631",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:10.979Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--792324b4-064a-430c-8ffc-7f7acd537778",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:11.665Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--79235599-e23f-43cb-9c56-1eb22b7c4664",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:11.899Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--79324bdd-cdab-4d0a-af60-af1047c1d117",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:12.112Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--79407d1e-8e16-48c1-939c-ad92f91dd988",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:12.327Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--798919d3-df8b-463f-b2be-4c1aa8089384",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:56.131Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--798de2f3-218b-4622-a62c-84e3840d45a6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:12.762Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--79c6d710-baf4-411e-a3f5-9cb8d42b7c19",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:12.990Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--79d05cb2-ded0-4847-b52e-af7af421f303",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:13.202Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7a55fc66-0d5c-4ef6-af28-d4a4bb84381d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:13.651Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7aa93b40-80da-4bb6-8a7c-88e5f5e44669",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:57.162Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7b1e00af-11fb-4862-a193-55dc9b6652c0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:14.317Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7b814e39-71fc-4e99-b46f-b24eca6cc780",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:14.536Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7b8f6d2b-3091-4b0f-9987-88cd344007a1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7b95b2aa-9561-494f-8e02-d36edc14e38b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:14.746Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7bb1dbec-7314-479a-9496-86f8e25041eb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:14.965Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7bbe6ac7-d0fb-40e4-8537-bdded7173f07",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:15.169Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7bd46875-7d59-4d65-8f9b-d48d3cb54a84",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:15.437Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7bd6e5e4-6614-41ed-8a84-8eb633a91e07",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:15.644Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7be2d11d-87be-4d1c-8f5b-b7e59ad191ea",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:15.875Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7bfaf0ff-6d88-460f-aa32-3fb0267b4f20",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:58.170Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7c1eee62-3307-4e25-8a20-919ccd56ec1c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:16.338Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7c2edd6c-5189-4ba9-af3d-bdaff4a699ca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:58.436Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7c3b65e8-e8b7-4c3b-b27b-e216986d8976",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:17.196Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7c433b29-0ad3-4574-990f-e3d6291e7f23",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:17.412Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7c893581-c847-495a-aa93-9d98c516e1ae",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:17.887Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7cd47eb6-e73a-4a0b-a62e-7e066090b804",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:18.083Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7d0ec383-4c5d-474d-9262-3f3c0d6c05b1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:59.368Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7d42ba22-9595-4463-8dda-c0e47a154fed",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:18.952Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7d5759cd-890e-4ec5-b92b-aba225d52960",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:19.166Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7d6c4a00-acde-40af-bf91-a4ef009cf135",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:19.600Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7d752615-33f0-44ed-a156-25d84f384e75",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:19.824Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7db9687b-7099-4cb6-a040-bc32fc549a81",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:00.476Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7dd11d5e-1c1c-4f94-b4bf-4fd59988539b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:20.498Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7dedeb73-ef90-4282-a635-cc37326773af",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:00.787Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7ebee5d3-ce7f-436c-8b4a-087363d6b858",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:21.134Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7ed1ad67-942a-424e-ad81-8b69a4f0c706",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:21.376Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7efa1a31-da21-4925-aab0-96a012d5b2a7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:21.575Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7f520bef-d179-415a-b921-d30ff60d2284",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7fc9fbfc-ab9f-4189-bc1f-d473e9ef36b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:01.772Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7fdaa9be-aecf-459f-b028-7c35dc8b6451",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:02.015Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--7ff12adb-bc9a-42e5-9cbf-613b200c36dc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:02.216Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--80250a66-dec0-4ef5-8a76-b3aa24fe5bc3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:15:36.610Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--808174b7-3ab0-45b5-963e-5c10dd749e3c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:22.903Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--808c57e7-72ef-4860-b9ea-8ea072e2385a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:02.486Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--80a69b56-337d-446a-8167-8b9f63083c4f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:23.373Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--80cf98bd-b7dc-45cf-91a6-4ab6b79a7f0b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:23.570Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--81055366-e78b-40e0-a799-4b536ba03db3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:23.776Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--81352e47-4317-45e3-88b9-a97dd2166727",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:24.181Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--817ae105-3ddf-4766-9d26-ca1ec3c64eb6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:24.426Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--81806f43-c9aa-486e-8032-4e4665ba0d39",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:24.650Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--818ce9d0-8fc2-4a34-a062-f0e6995bdf32",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:24.878Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--81ca994a-b350-424d-8f39-a0b64aa76260",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:03.688Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--82b20c35-88c6-49aa-8241-a59512b17b74",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:25.567Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--83a964cb-730c-44e4-859b-b5246159396b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:25.998Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--83c29179-4805-403a-acf5-5151c4d2e556",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:26.229Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--83c8c216-7ff7-4bd3-9db4-573469628d95",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:26.438Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--841ec349-0f4c-43fa-89b8-ef3656497fc9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:26.883Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--842a2b85-4e77-4eb6-99e1-c4a231aadf48",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:04.647Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--84671396-a556-4a5d-9bb9-cac697277371",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:27.313Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8474e6ef-39c4-4ecc-ba5a-cbd9b32b5c65",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:27.552Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--84b0a0f5-79e6-4e18-a7fe-0a0427911416",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:49:31.019Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--84fa50ff-bb84-4ab6-b759-658c57532c42",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:27.783Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--84fd1e14-44a8-4eac-9bfc-67b50ea1acf7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:28.038Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8530c1ea-fe9f-4b04-be34-7404d5e30e75",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:28.278Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--856cf76e-5058-41f0-ae71-6cb463fc36c7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:02.902Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--856e18a8-df82-402a-9105-ff4b7e4caf12",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:28.490Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--857f7961-1b88-4ec7-8821-25083dc70048",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:37.703Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--85b1bbb1-458f-4be3-8bd9-ef0fa23179ee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T18:57:01.145Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--86668811-c57b-4aba-860f-22ca4d7b9600",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:59.118Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--868db512-b897-4a54-ae56-ac78f6c93a14",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:28.791Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--86a8d6aa-beff-4343-a0b2-dd099202b2dc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:29.013Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--86d45e92-80ba-4f97-b3a3-03ad3469658b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:06.060Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--86e7a6d1-baa5-4a8d-9ba8-302fb0d72f9c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:29.875Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--86f1655a-db46-4d49-9051-6653da83eb13",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:30.320Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--874752f4-59a2-46e9-ae28-befe0142b223",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:30.532Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--876e4a50-7c73-4733-bad0-e3a701adf059",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:58:16.538Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--87c8ab74-576d-4962-b641-0762d374d1e8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:30.772Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--88363abe-64e6-4a4a-9d6e-e9a886f1d372",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--88402181-99da-4c51-93d2-5203ee139da5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--88edcf36-a6f2-474f-b9c2-7800b34919a2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:31.654Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--896e91ed-b145-43c2-a4c6-aa768fcb5293",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:49:53.274Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--897cfc36-4253-4e1e-8825-726dbe9088a2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:32.235Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8a06c15b-b7e5-4374-9265-8d9020e126cd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:32.672Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8a3a5d90-a030-479e-b38d-d7d749f327d1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:00.768Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8a604466-8437-4fe6-b6db-ec8fb05d702a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:33.100Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8a765743-9caf-4c8a-9c58-6fe2c1993108",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:33.311Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8a7c4419-b2c6-4774-bcba-a28fc6c5bcce",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8a86ad59-dff1-46dc-8ffd-3c62b96c6e62",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:33.511Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8a9fde66-7874-4418-8652-d8a987c0b5df",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:05:35.591Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8b17ad46-b0cc-4766-9cae-eba32260d468",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:08.713Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8b2d82aa-75fc-4d6d-bb4b-9f600bd211fd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:34.317Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8b3f5b8c-789e-4f61-8e5c-fb28f8662d32",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:43.657Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8b7403f5-90d2-4d2c-a484-87d29f419a9f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:34.747Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8bfeed6a-a0c6-4f11-81b2-f32225c85ac4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:35.161Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8c523980-7db0-4173-9df4-eba2c36f6655",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:59:04.286Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8c6fe57d-3344-4fe7-b547-a3c5046960bb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:12:11.580Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8ca2fe75-9bb3-4af5-8fee-accd33d6d2ec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:09.663Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8ccd5f5c-420a-413b-81ef-5e40f401be95",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:35.783Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8d0d6365-7bc0-417d-9268-c7c31fcb0d91",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:35.985Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8d392c6e-1368-4c6f-a189-aaf4c6355e55",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8d7e2aa5-129a-4060-88ae-9fc066af13c7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:36.191Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8e11c3ef-4ee3-4a91-868f-d0a1c10d538b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8ecf5eac-7767-411b-b54a-b374ea51b9e9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:10.483Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8ed7e323-578c-4a62-bf32-0bf2fefa872b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:37.044Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8f76d408-be8a-478e-8a5a-aab1d1f96572",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:37.448Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8f7ccb2b-de2a-4a5c-9f1e-d5e58e69efa8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:37.662Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8f90363e-2825-4178-807f-9268a28760fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:11.196Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8f947e00-2579-4120-a8b0-d466e59fac1a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:38.068Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8fa6fe89-e704-4be4-a15b-50e188084aa3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:11.603Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8fcecf74-36df-41ab-9476-539c9ac0b339",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:11.826Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--8fe2bc4c-e9f7-430d-84d5-e3d603141dcb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:38.724Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9042b73d-5c10-4797-bace-71e49adeebdf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:55:03.798Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--90647f03-38a4-4364-a3af-53640a81360e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:31:40.365Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--908e3fa1-e2b9-475e-b72d-06343a65a3c6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:39.033Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--909fba0a-f075-402f-8791-388ebd76647e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--90d9c8e3-0250-4096-8d98-7ca1d324d654",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:39.267Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--90e245ae-a785-4956-be9b-dc4da0b290c5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--910bada1-c923-4009-a9ea-da257072f168",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:39.456Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--91f29477-2ff6-4dbf-bf68-c8825a938851",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:13.025Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--92d1fd4f-6cc7-4db5-82f8-f8caa5ff59f0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:13.199Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--938ff1d4-acce-4e4e-8a9c-be62799dff8e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:40.317Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9397e373-3be0-4229-b390-fd5ed0482999",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:57.178Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--93c336f2-7e7c-4c79-af16-faae03e66121",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:40.516Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--93e24e03-6425-4ee8-99bb-c3a662c6cdce",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:40.724Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--943a9a5c-7826-451d-ac73-34353ea40595",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:40.934Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--94654460-b115-4056-beb1-e982ed33437b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:41.155Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9515f24c-1c33-4197-b9c9-b9992bc696ca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:41.817Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9537d9c9-ba0d-42d9-b97d-3b28bfe265e6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:42.019Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--956bbc7f-82c2-4097-8b7b-1e9d732c532d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:42.230Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--966b59c0-8641-432c-84f7-b2a712004d74",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:42.456Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--968830b7-ee80-4a6e-96a4-9fc70470e4a9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:14.659Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--968fd463-fec4-4b2d-b3c9-950d8471b9a8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:42.947Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--973f5884-a076-413e-ac96-f0bd01375fb6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:43.154Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--97756c8a-b702-472b-8d67-15464a73093e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:43.764Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--97c5b388-518a-46ec-b2b0-41bfa6a83204",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:15.412Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--97e20860-29d9-4738-a9a8-6cc3e4db23f1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:44.374Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--97f42cef-bc2a-47c5-b408-8e38aab4030e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:44.581Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--97f863d7-e68a-4cc8-ab3b-a7e9a1cc2319",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:44.807Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--982d0b4f-274a-4738-9262-57fc80d468f9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:45.001Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--983de217-1ea6-483a-a273-ecf950706cd7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--984992e3-0407-406a-b8dd-c114d8b2d9a2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:16.238Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--984d517f-56a1-4eb4-95e5-994eb9c6c3b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:45.412Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--98567b03-7421-4761-8caa-cbea82d89fe3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:45.606Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9897bb19-d5bb-4c43-9415-983ba5c5bbe5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:52:11.047Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--98f1d575-a975-42ae-8b00-2c9e22d560d5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:16.911Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--98f91f4f-050b-43b7-a033-589ec507913f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9902691c-aaf2-48a1-b1ca-cd6f652ae1c6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:46.280Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--990f944f-190d-456d-b194-f5ecb17a0868",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:46.490Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9951eb11-8140-420d-8e2d-56fbe0ff0134",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:46.711Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--99ec0a8e-4a4f-427c-89db-163e4b206021",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:17.555Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--99f84b91-32a1-4ade-8de5-5d2a0359302f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:47.341Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--99fa6d92-0c41-44ed-bd30-dd0413785883",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:47.537Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9a3e771d-d84f-4f2a-baf9-4478abdbdbcf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:47.761Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9a44b2a8-9f4c-43df-9174-1cba6e165886",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:18.140Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9a55e351-d3b7-460a-9a9d-6714c00db5f0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:48.222Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9a607f89-85b8-4fba-8eb7-7e4900ea693f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:18.463Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9abf0914-2508-4717-9f1a-8f209c2d20a3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:55:33.001Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9b0b3c25-d87c-452a-a2f9-241234410eb8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:48.878Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9b412b1f-2dd0-4e7f-8364-f625181ba1db",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:18.944Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9b825e77-2b18-4bc8-8e1d-5f645d570dca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:49.268Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9ba76ea3-9ebb-49d7-803a-5cf2deef6875",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:49.479Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9bb98efc-3712-4df3-a1a4-8dfefd2983fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9c0db354-c2d6-4db0-bb76-35ae66c01dd1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:49.669Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9c23121e-14bb-4382-b54d-2ea02a2815b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:49.859Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9ca97ea4-faf6-484c-bccf-311c282bed02",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:57:09.083Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9cca3120-c95e-4f5e-bc4b-0521ab5cc512",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:19.693Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9ce25235-ad56-4158-a392-31ef70b10c2a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:52:49.261Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9d5e2e86-8499-4051-93fc-c959ff1b6577",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:22:30.026Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9d6f9bba-dd79-4cb6-a0f3-1284e58a6236",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:50.900Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9db1ecfe-72eb-42da-a09e-746663a53854",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:51.519Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9e98d88c-4138-4d0e-8db0-cddf956ab500",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:52.125Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9f07c92a-78a0-438a-8cb2-01e2bddaeb42",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:35:45.136Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9f2926a2-596f-459e-827e-6fe2d4646efd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:52.641Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9f2f9cba-b7fc-45cb-8e66-e2f8f99ebe35",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:01:58.777Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9f43126d-5f6c-42a9-9908-49175c27ead7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:35:48.256Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9fa6797f-f2cb-4b93-b8eb-f40936e967f3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:52.949Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9fb2a9b2-3b25-4f77-9f7a-e832b2e5071a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:53.161Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9fb8c8ab-67de-42df-a82d-b6e45b82d949",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:53.416Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--9ffbf620-8e1f-4542-a271-9a3692db9a47",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:53.610Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a0151b8f-30ee-49da-8365-17f34eab0825",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:29.098Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a04169ed-c16b-466b-80ef-22a11067f475",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:54.013Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a08d85dd-a8b3-4848-94aa-941c43b6d8f2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:21.923Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a1383f2a-2ee2-47df-a661-8904a7535e0c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:22.183Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a15d718f-af30-4745-a837-887ba8f48727",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:54.855Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a1cbbdb5-30ad-4139-9784-e5a134f8d405",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:55.071Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a1d2df14-6f44-44ac-99c2-3e3f55f53476",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:55.269Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a1d99bbc-8d7c-4263-a909-95a9507b43c3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:55.467Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a20bde51-3ed9-4306-92cd-f4f12d3aa8aa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a221bbb3-5f4f-4879-ae1d-37e8d3022039",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:55.878Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a22fabd2-836e-4141-9219-c76cc10138ec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:23.151Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a23aefa6-15f5-481c-ac3d-09b8e4b3003b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:56.284Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a287bc05-20cb-4476-ba1f-15bfde6e601d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:56.481Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a2f0b9ba-2d6e-43a5-adca-3ec42dba5ce9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:56.945Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a3447ec8-3224-4485-9324-cdc77231aaa5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a36492bd-175a-4c39-9c56-32d06660dd05",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:51.819Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a3f258ea-6d4d-4b0e-8ff2-b91f49dfd4d7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.163Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a45cec05-2d81-4db1-9267-db8be498e0d2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.362Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a466d5b4-39f0-48c1-9a19-f006dc4cb0ac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.565Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a46f722e-4399-4aa6-b0a9-61fae9d0bf63",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.777Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a47cd7b9-2b73-480c-a8ab-2dfa908e02ea",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.968Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a4c64fbc-bac4-44b8-ba52-8fcfa3f674e5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:58.166Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a4c81fe6-1ad9-4bba-a415-a3c099eaa2be",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:58.388Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a4e9cd0c-75aa-47ec-9fdc-ad9dd8935af2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:27.830Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a57b233b-6613-4f78-aa48-e85518aaa7cf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:58.585Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a6277ff6-9cdf-484f-a902-3f9442039905",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:58.990Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a6479493-6154-408f-90df-9d2f3ae352d1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:59.266Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a6519c11-e9d4-4b6f-8d92-8efaa2144c28",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:59.465Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a66c4662-0998-418e-9605-eae7d8dbb69d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:48.640Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a6d8b66d-fc10-404f-b0ae-e8c66506b818",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:59.704Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a6e404c9-7b12-4403-8f2a-2815b8b87372",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a6e9bbe1-3e59-45c0-987a-b5354d602dc7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:59.902Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a717ccc7-0fe6-4a83-951f-5a89037ed927",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:00.124Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a72c212f-6d4f-4c5d-873d-afa42021024c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:00.313Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a74c14e2-eb8a-47bb-b64d-20aad9154297",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:25.553Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a75ddacf-e87e-4a99-83f2-618486473163",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:25.760Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a78e727c-8e42-448c-beb4-463804e18be0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:25.943Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a7a2790e-d5ba-4a46-bde3-c698c6ae52ac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:01.326Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a7caa7f2-cfb9-4fc9-ae8d-49349b6c260f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:01.971Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a7fbe555-a61b-4b93-bfb2-8e0dd0d6323e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:26.991Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a83e4676-2b9e-4b9d-bb21-f493f3ee3bbf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a846dbe5-9ef3-4fb6-93d5-f764671a75c8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:02.855Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a847aa03-ea56-47d1-8f4e-f9e0dd9707a0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:27.433Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a84dd2f5-d4f4-44c1-ba51-4804f40576e1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:03.314Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a86cee0a-dc49-4c95-b5dc-37405337490b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:27.750Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a873cbaa-04c1-4402-a8d1-683cc7b1ac85",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:45:58.559Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a91002fe-21b2-4417-9c23-af712a7a035c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:03.727Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a91295dc-b381-4dc9-9384-9f9949066778",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:03.935Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a918d944-e50b-4b2c-9b77-6e28afe68607",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T21:58:43.655Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a93ba793-24dd-47dd-b32c-4c3016124c90",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:04.140Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a946c9b1-5b89-44c9-b617-3412ffda34b9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:04.390Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--a9dd70c2-2f54-4b19-85df-df11cbeb0dbd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--aa7a0f45-e027-4d79-8413-5d807f44c1ba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:04.996Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ab306654-2abb-4983-8d30-df4058adb06c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:05.817Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ab5c9a38-3140-43b6-bcf4-6197a116cd0b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:06.042Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ab60fe4a-5860-410a-8bca-2cdbea95e5f8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:29.246Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ab844cd2-0f56-44f9-9838-cd5f04d75f3e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:06.487Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ab8bf0a3-0eef-4364-a3f9-f6ab6222afed",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:06.728Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ab8e129c-5411-4784-9194-068fa915da23",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:06.928Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ac63d227-ff8a-43b8-81ef-ec4c046c4291",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:07.145Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ac7b64c8-cac9-4efb-990e-eed5e7fb35ee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:07.373Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ac933d76-8207-4bf7-add2-92b60cf3044b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:07.564Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--acace658-da7e-4a19-aa98-8aec8c966dde",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:07.778Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--acb4e9f0-0c1a-4c34-a88c-9125f0bd453a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--acd320fb-8c30-48d4-8ca0-c5379e0998fc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:15:47.679Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ad2ed5dc-d683-4b0e-b1e2-50b2e61ffd11",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ad7770c3-fe24-4285-9ce2-1616a1061472",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:30.278Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ad7fd147-066e-4ed5-aa9d-7b2f1771150d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:30.626Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--adb41ca8-7d2a-4025-b673-db44c9e1f16b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:08.481Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--adc6a1fa-c265-481f-8cde-f28a30873682",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:19:51.177Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ade12d27-13bb-4ebf-be08-7039cf699682",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:31.019Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--adf2072c-0341-4fc2-9d25-495b4af864e9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:08.919Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ae10e97a-90ac-498b-8601-01081dc4af8b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:31.299Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ae4e86c6-4bbb-4aba-80fc-c20a8f3d63dc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:09.371Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ae7487f1-a2d0-443d-b418-cd726c5ac15f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:31.684Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ae7ed6d8-65cc-45a0-82c3-c28e5630bf7c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:09.798Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--aec4cb16-bee9-410e-bb74-e3fa70cacf6a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:17:46.146Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--af20f409-05ed-42c3-ae3e-09b047b84875",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:09.998Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--af25cacc-6b1a-47d2-8e13-cb2a7e92b379",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:10.410Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--af5a7b69-9519-436e-bb58-049b08d82809",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--af802091-fee7-4d15-a845-fb4ee3c26d6d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:10.609Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--afb0b60e-e604-4b96-abb9-57fdce4e5108",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:32.401Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--afd63145-6033-49e4-ad43-d0b35fa5ed88",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:32.642Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--afe18ec4-b5b8-43f7-b9e9-64a579b4b4e1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:11.313Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--aff2fb40-9ef5-42c9-bc7a-4939b509fbf1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:11.511Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b05d678b-4d87-4261-9366-f8b757a77661",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:11.724Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b07e6896-a840-49a1-8d58-94396a902b95",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:12.125Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b0831dd8-64c9-42a8-bf2f-755bdffaca59",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:39.645Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b0945f9b-5608-472e-ad70-7b42c3e062a1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:12.342Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b13417ea-d8da-497f-818f-d2d90562039a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:13.168Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b1768154-221c-48be-ab2b-549ec1eddafb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:34.073Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b1921480-8499-46a9-8396-2a2d747c5861",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:13.826Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b1d993d5-9e7e-4043-a651-07c7b5ad5a6b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:34.470Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b21e0340-976d-44b2-94ae-f777199993c6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:14.229Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b22637e7-f58c-4c7e-9d76-4b3ee97fa14b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:15:08.997Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b22c6faf-0046-4f89-8c5a-4f5ca44b638d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:33.788Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b252a076-6d4e-49f5-95ac-16264ef05b1d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:14.424Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b2823439-efbd-4f91-9a7f-753d40004bc8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b289c971-3fb7-4c3c-b3d6-cf2702b9384a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:14.850Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b2defaaf-625d-416e-8a9d-8be6d89bacdc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:35.109Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b2e10e48-8bd9-472a-9c6f-1d38650e8df1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:35.296Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b2e8914a-91bc-42df-8b64-22e5365ede6f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:15.471Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b33f2abc-a218-425b-9a90-b75445b7e142",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:15.729Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b340e488-cae9-4c72-a704-ecb5ce7d9348",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b343e131-e448-46c6-815b-b86e4bd6d638",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:15.914Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b346eec8-de90-407c-b665-387086bb4553",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:16.120Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b349ef5f-4a05-4eef-afe4-1543b8c832fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:35.903Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b352884f-2a60-41c6-b348-0bbb5859802a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:16.436Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b363cbbb-679c-47e0-8ad0-af98ebf51e60",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:36.332Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b37844c1-0338-44f6-9116-48fa0f079913",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:16.850Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b3862aa6-7bd0-46a4-83b6-bb687bb7caa6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:17.043Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b3aab26c-09c6-4264-af2a-5df260d3d8e2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:17.270Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b3b24837-83ed-46c5-ba80-66a832c7072e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:36.891Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b3f2990b-855e-49f3-b657-6b24118b2d19",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:48:23.823Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b411f748-a1e9-40c6-8eb3-72f2de4dab08",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:17.889Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b452a076-6d4e-49f5-95ac-16264ef05b1d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:18.084Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b47dbc50-fd8f-4e5b-bb3d-e93b68bf5497",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:18.309Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b48a9fea-26a5-473c-9a5d-fcc3531e1fd3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:18.517Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b4bb8bd7-8984-45de-888f-45c51ab157fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:19.116Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b4efcbe0-ffe3-4d9a-8dba-570e68494af1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:19.310Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b59a96e4-bd70-4459-9609-66563bccd9c3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:19.725Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b5ab26e2-eb90-4f19-b35a-b8a0a5438961",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:19.939Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b5bb5ec3-aa3c-4734-8425-4be80c5658a9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:38.327Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b5e52859-8dab-4e7e-af70-bb38c6993c98",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:38.550Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b628d878-4f35-4580-8d42-26984d13821e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:38.793Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b6309476-8268-4c47-920b-8a556cd8ae4c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:20.814Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b69905bd-6865-4092-9543-47bd9ae318ec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:20.999Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b69f31c3-6c12-4b81-8e74-9c58ea635fa4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:39.249Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b6a51a26-94fd-419f-b0c1-cc61e02e1475",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:14:21.405Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b6f48e41-f7a9-45ca-b445-9e262dd307a2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:54:47.976Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b720b42c-5eba-4164-9c3d-8b4eabde4716",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b7284360-0d80-45bb-8486-263ae8f8fa63",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:21.421Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b72b7dfd-f134-4324-84b8-52ff13fc6b5c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:39.549Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b7344dfb-621b-4558-ab22-6c1f256ee746",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:21.886Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b774fcb4-43bf-4ff1-98c6-0a94838eacc2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:22.081Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b7943cdb-1a6b-46cf-aebe-8282fd86c357",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:00.775Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b7a9bff5-2e15-4d3d-ac88-84af1239a586",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:22.505Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b7f23af2-e948-4531-af56-1a1b4d03702f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:40.142Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b84e1473-f370-42ad-ac3b-7caf3c8cd00e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:22.938Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b8d6e550-18fe-49ad-9964-7802bbe0cb58",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:23.566Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b8edcf0a-ec53-4203-b3ad-2cc734a1f1dd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:40.750Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b8f6d6a8-e668-4596-8ec2-41c5d1bd211d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.003Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b960c5ed-1ea8-4dde-9203-c02d291d3bc6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.201Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b9632b4d-43c3-4bfa-88e0-629245acb8eb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.425Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b9a1e946-4ece-48f3-949c-e1c2d39136fe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:14:59.837Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--b9e82422-b072-494f-99c1-fcab07b90133",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.677Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ba010007-6dde-4c9d-8452-69527cd1c2ba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.865Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ba24af7b-dd2f-4c21-9ec5-27758b88da9b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:57:16.248Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ba496af3-2d99-4c2b-8ce0-20388f5d632c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:25.010Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ba943eeb-5673-44b5-acbf-1cddc2fefb1a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:25.206Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bac1f95c-87bf-4939-bc1a-7727aad738f7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:25.429Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bad056aa-b8a6-4c4c-9bfa-bcc518872341",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:25.662Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--baf4bd30-4213-43c3-b70c-54418e734caf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:42.501Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--baf7daf3-2116-4051-91b5-f82e146167d0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:42.723Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bb3938a6-85ec-4f34-8bcd-6051de7e9259",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:26.310Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bbeb2eae-7da2-4477-ad8e-8c67b00c53bc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:26.525Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bbf297d3-0c3c-44be-b780-332bac17b0ba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:43.150Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bc1e1980-8acf-4505-8142-d382d83421d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:47:36.964Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bc3744d6-9275-4d91-8888-16d5f4d5187b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:43.329Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bc383819-2e40-49b4-bea9-95eb5d418877",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:27.159Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bc3a0b1f-f0ec-466f-8cad-8f47b07764c9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:27.370Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bc74ff8f-d5fa-40fb-8c0b-f16af3ff36e3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:43.765Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bcaa4f7e-2e84-4bbb-9fb7-ca8fb003108f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:27.786Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bcece7ce-91b5-40b3-b87a-25cab3600e5c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:27.985Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bd16f422-4869-49f8-9b86-16220e857c9b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:07:11.671Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bd639f3c-0887-49a6-9274-37e1e2d24808",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:25.236Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bd7509cc-a7e5-4e29-b615-225dfbdd3c4a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:28.188Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bd869385-5778-4303-8993-cc6412d12303",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:28.405Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bda03e8d-5e06-4470-b786-11b11c7c97c7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:44.456Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bdcec963-7b0d-4c42-89e8-7b1dd9ba72c9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bde941c6-2ca0-4f94-9336-027e7eee15a1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:44.688Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--be0f7d83-2441-4259-b411-46e0d10566b1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:29.045Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--be532c78-daf5-431b-adae-ab11af395513",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:29.267Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--be950e87-80ac-49ea-810a-553c7f72151b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:45.107Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--beafc44c-228f-4a7e-9d92-ac1b16d730e2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:29.670Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bf0e7347-1636-4b5e-9e2a-8b93177e5f85",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:29.874Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bf5356b1-d00e-43c3-ba92-ae504a737d76",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:30.059Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bf8e68fe-1969-48d1-be0e-ec742378748d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:30.459Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bf8f90a2-4d3a-436d-87d0-eff060fb2302",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:30.650Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bf9f227c-e306-4257-add1-39c7c2e42040",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:30.863Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bfe38597-c92b-4989-9687-3dd20a21f82d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:45.030Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bff99f91-e1a9-4379-a2d9-5a99615a95d1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:46.060Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--bffad8de-a807-4216-9753-008a87d9d77f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:31.162Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c004d8e5-8079-4f6f-90ed-93cff4f69940",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:14:07.949Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c047df7c-3ed7-455f-8b13-14ced8e93fef",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:31.380Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c0c5f223-8546-47f9-acd0-ea47da6f768d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:19.121Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c0efb24a-2329-401a-bba6-817f2867bb3f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:46.492Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c0fb868d-9b36-492d-9577-626ecf9d50c0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:02:30.857Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c1154a56-6f5f-4760-8b34-79b0e8a79c1f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:31.814Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c137fcd2-ce51-4e17-9c2f-f1aaf9b64ce7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:32.208Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c1849779-3ef0-4e68-b970-a518976a7567",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c195a0e9-d46c-487f-9a96-b138e9ca05d2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:46.964Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c19a88bb-b98c-4a2e-9b8f-9dcacd73a9c0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c1d77f83-23ec-4128-afd1-ed8ea12281a2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:32.619Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c1e051ab-0a11-4d29-b98f-aa442ab69553",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:32.817Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c2168fe8-be19-4df5-808e-ed87c9c0e1c5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.039Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c233df49-e450-4151-8a0f-1765faf3d75a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.275Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c2484b15-7dd0-4280-8898-a6a7da6f0ca2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.468Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c27e676e-1ac0-4ec8-bf9d-f540969c6b6f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.667Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c297179c-66a5-41b4-9a12-59f7480bc25e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c2fe42b4-6750-4b51-86b7-6c37fbfdef2d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.876Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c347b69c-e3f6-4eca-ba57-0781c7dc8eac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.072Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c37f097a-9698-412f-9e96-4d350bcd2790",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.277Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c39be68a-e208-47ac-a7be-6eb6e84d6608",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.465Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c4122b58-f1b2-4656-a715-55016700bf75",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.668Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c41d20c8-b99e-4de8-a0e5-3e0ef3b4275b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.889Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c44ad0d0-0d7e-4a31-877b-ac69b679cf8d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:13.732Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c4718fa2-2592-44b0-87d0-f866c118a779",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:35.331Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c4a50132-a210-4093-878d-3d6df23ed26e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:35.724Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c4b036ee-be86-48cb-9f01-ab8f78e5bb37",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:35.927Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c4dd7251-ed87-4629-86b5-090e52a82df2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.124Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c4e8dd42-9855-4a36-b915-dc7e1a91e235",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.324Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c4ef2c9e-b192-4292-bb23-8b39fe69fd1b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c4fa7c43-1b74-4d65-ade9-72b679f4bb49",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:56:59.071Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c52501e6-6c33-4c10-9c20-b868f71f8035",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:24:47.882Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c53a4f46-f8db-4d89-b21b-9f249c8297a1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:59:07.775Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c563bfb5-173f-4a96-812b-2aad8057f09f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c58563a8-d757-4476-8ae2-beb2acce38b3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.530Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c596f45a-ad65-4673-b316-05378175f35e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.745Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c59a3d89-c8fa-4c5d-813e-f4495d892d1a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.946Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c5a69738-3e80-421d-aba2-bdab8a4029fd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:37.152Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c5dd0d66-99f1-4efd-b0f9-bf9f9118ff16",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:45:51.619Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c5fd0969-c151-4849-94c2-83e2e208cff7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:49.747Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c613899c-1550-4a90-8ae9-7a964147093f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:14:51.386Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c617dafd-fb30-41e2-bf5d-1287d826dcd1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c64f2ed2-f7a7-4333-b0d3-d687ffb7ad6b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:37.879Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c6520346-fe47-44ce-af75-d99004ac2977",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:38.096Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c6562519-81c5-4eca-a815-f46ac0ed4bcc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:50.282Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c65e39eb-f6d1-4e3a-9070-b2fa7ea35b36",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:38.535Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c67e3535-69a9-4234-8170-4ad6efc632b7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:50.680Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c69eab3c-861c-45f5-8858-a595fcc7e6f6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:50.890Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c6a05c20-02d4-42ce-ad5c-280c604e13d8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:39.381Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c785c026-4139-4c56-a6dd-cdd3ba75bab1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:39.776Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c78f497f-01c3-4efb-aa74-92b700b9c02b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:51.473Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c7aac6c9-da16-46e2-8cfa-dca07a0a7562",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:51.849Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c80a479e-5e7b-449b-ace0-b5ced0d2d442",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c8222300-6c5e-42d6-ae67-3595407b89fd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:40.569Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c84e39ab-30c1-40e3-95a8-fcbb271e913c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:40.783Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c8a40335-90d6-496a-b4f9-1cc93d3fffc6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:52.250Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c8dd2735-bd04-4413-847d-316b77c6de19",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:41.166Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c8e78d6f-ac9d-4ad3-ae13-238f1eb4423a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:46:37.915Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c9065f74-556d-4728-8072-f96642e70316",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:52.682Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c90cfddb-253b-41c8-9057-2abde6f8aa6d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:41.652Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c9395e2a-afaf-427c-bcb2-ae663d72c05c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:52.997Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c95850f4-4616-435c-b237-f1985833d40e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:42.076Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c95ce502-b63d-42c6-a9f2-5a3cb0922e27",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--c9fb4adb-8064-426a-838d-c93674fb380b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:42.312Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ca13a117-aae0-4802-878b-c09f4a04dd31",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:42.722Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ca225ea0-e813-4205-98db-707b474ae24f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:42.923Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ca3c4d4b-cf53-4489-904f-8a220e421aeb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:43.126Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ca5c7ae7-5273-4888-bc50-183d6e200972",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:53.794Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ca64a927-f050-41b3-80d3-93d22cdef26a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:54.006Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ca768c2a-0f14-471c-90a5-bce649e88d51",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:54.232Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cad91f87-7cc7-4771-8c7b-1599793ed3c1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:43.976Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cb1037c1-4b83-4a79-ba12-00558bb6b42b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:54.554Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cb30d507-edc6-4197-947c-7b3a6e395c0d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:44.309Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cb38425c-646d-4bc8-bdea-e6cc630c3034",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:44.524Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cb47a3bb-daec-4aa1-9a92-af2a61bb65cd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:44.717Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cb4d802e-df5b-4017-81dd-47f65fff23a3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:55.151Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cb6d67c0-33ba-4c49-ae70-d0e4f0f68794",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:45.138Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cba8313b-c338-45f7-88ef-a514094882ac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:45.380Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cbc62104-d3df-499c-9630-b510e99f3acd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:05.860Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cbc65a60-3b40-4ecf-a10d-8ef1be72568d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:45.573Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cbee31a0-716c-4b10-83f0-aa889bfb4749",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:45.801Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cc5c77ce-c5a3-4791-b80e-09d35282443a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:46.007Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cca191a1-3c50-4d4f-8f79-4247e58af610",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:55.956Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ccae6e5d-8a9e-4bab-ae77-26a2bd722f67",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:46.639Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ccbb44ad-2220-4260-99ce-9142c44fc797",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:46.864Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ccc67bb3-acc3-4294-81b3-4a0d972f2dd7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:47.078Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ccef2177-65ca-4126-bcd9-dd6ffb4c5e06",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cd297a7b-4b02-407e-a798-e36fef4cf3a1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:56.507Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cd54b7ba-c96c-49c8-90d2-15677efb8fe2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:47.514Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cd6f1ca4-aaec-451d-b855-55cdb0c3dde8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:47.756Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ce3aad7e-1e15-40c7-916b-e25a647e9986",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:48.157Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ce5833db-4cd2-4034-ac97-8a02b14e0095",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:17.501Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ce64ed04-f0ff-4897-b636-3177c9c5d9bb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:57.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ce7c17b7-b60d-4ebd-9014-2c421a64d70a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:57.325Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cf53ff89-3c31-4f8d-83a1-b74dce4c558d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:49.067Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cf8a816c-30ee-4147-a48f-d797fb145a04",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:49.460Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cf8ac499-8c1c-4615-b933-7587f1b9488b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:58.081Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cf8acb4a-4918-4155-99a7-ee938278bbca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--cfaead3c-3db5-400f-bd15-dfbc57cf0185",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:49.882Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d015831c-a253-491d-9106-4ad0ccb43c3b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:51.180Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d02812b2-23c3-4dce-bf94-c6e464e86fab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:50.270Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d03de729-9235-4ceb-a1c0-935e2088020b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:50.495Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d08fdedd-12f6-4681-9167-70d070432dee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:58.701Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d0fb800d-f962-4e4f-a308-5e99374203c1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d1388bba-9869-4e3e-a6c9-430784ad924d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:50.912Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d16e8909-d055-4174-aeb1-22c0613b2f73",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:51.106Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d1971b32-3a15-4544-9f36-80c05121deb6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:59.142Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d1a97502-b41d-40a8-aff5-13367fefc642",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:51.534Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d1bd77d4-9f1a-41ee-bf64-0aa7438e6896",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:51.758Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d1d98f8c-aea2-4f06-9b0d-c543ed42c6a4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:59.732Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d23fd724-563d-4f49-8bcd-09c653728cd3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:52.170Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d2985b8a-7a29-4b57-b2f1-cddd79fe4242",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:52.379Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d2a434c7-4428-435e-ae6b-e54012f29606",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:52.603Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d2dc57eb-5be2-4f9c-a4f7-18d2085ff412",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:53.064Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d3266f04-3453-492d-b9ea-6fb9d0ce3999",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:53.274Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d3564f1f-8637-4878-a66a-3e8ea46f7a72",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:53.470Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d3717846-eaab-4fde-99f6-a972dec9323b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:49:21.362Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d3c94120-e6b5-4bd2-88f0-9c73f76b0104",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:01.345Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d3d4f469-9847-41ef-a478-5eaf6003d483",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:53.992Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d3ec223b-9dca-4e5e-8d09-b69a04110eec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:38.953Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d45464ea-98b2-4f57-8f42-1cccc49e075f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:14:34.036Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d455330d-f190-4854-8087-4c2c37003b45",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:54.422Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d48894cb-457e-4a81-82b4-2d735aea5128",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:54.613Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d4968f45-d06b-4843-8f72-6e08beb94cab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:01.914Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d4a6d928-ac0c-4b27-a3bc-e42703b5859c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:23.617Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d4da5e90-7986-4c8a-bfb6-df4c0586ce87",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:54.925Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d50a3d89-c8fa-4c5d-813e-f4495d892d1a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.118Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d5289c2e-e5c4-443d-94ec-ce9a44992065",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:06.321Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d58d8b19-90bc-4a7f-840d-076be296ff20",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.324Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d5b532fe-3df9-4f92-a0f0-9c92823cdb6a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.515Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d5e908f9-eea1-4e55-a406-f24c5dc74b2d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.721Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d611b750-95e5-4f73-8f16-38db0a34a2e0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.928Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d648b3c7-77d2-42f3-a367-620621b714ab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:56.117Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d67ae959-9014-4501-b963-42bee03a5e3b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:56.322Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d6a2a1a8-8f5b-4e94-8fce-8edd8a17627a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:02.871Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d717cc26-2fab-42cd-a67f-7079b1ce8f15",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:58.353Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d72e7d01-56be-4fbd-8957-3384533ba83b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:56.942Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d775a6ed-4a60-41f4-ac06-da86c27cd1de",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:57.155Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d7b07d40-fbdb-41e9-b610-57de10fa41e5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:57.388Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d7ea83fa-87c7-4d36-96d5-aee554504040",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:57.606Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d80c615e-addc-49c8-a2b9-991e24678d86",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d80f9deb-ba2a-4a07-aa23-81c423cf4a18",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:57.843Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d8354850-bd4c-4bd9-a585-b107f5f1398f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:58.054Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d84d4745-77d0-46e4-a876-82a15c745a88",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:47:53.277Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d854cc38-adf7-485d-96b5-70606f6cb87e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:58.274Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d8911566-f622-4a01-b765-514dbbfd8201",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:58.493Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d89d9778-4695-4c97-bf6d-1d0fbabb41fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:58.678Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d8f45959-e0fc-4b4f-a074-a3acea926300",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:04.242Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d8f95008-33c9-4572-9916-023d8de449b1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:59.116Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d90aeeb6-3686-483a-8403-6514ecfe1a50",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:59.321Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d9165ecb-bc10-4189-a7e4-057bdf05bf3f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:59.761Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d96788b4-55dd-48df-bb9b-83b33ca24813",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:59.970Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d99a28f4-6536-4d73-9241-497cda9a8878",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d9de58a6-58fd-499c-ba7d-588239297179",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:00.181Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--d9fa7d68-a07c-4cf0-bb01-14e2c70c21d5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:00.416Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--da144dd2-c949-4a7f-8c8d-0cb27c52196a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:00.613Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--da246386-12c6-4d7e-adc2-f3148686d6c1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:06:02.769Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--da771d72-c778-4c9a-acb4-01b5fc3d36c0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:00.816Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--da987131-bf37-4730-9914-323879d2b5c3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:01.013Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dac96d76-b9b8-4278-9f5b-62f4992e2ac8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:01.207Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dae4ef38-bd41-45e0-b780-ea9d411386d3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--db46e84f-435e-4022-b484-e6d2e253660c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:01.600Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dbcc492c-782e-4418-8373-dbc7a76498b0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:02.024Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dbdd9a97-81df-40b8-b72d-ac67d121b8b3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:05.910Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dc35c44a-a90c-48a1-8811-af2618216e42",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:02.424Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dc46ffc2-eac7-4491-8d2a-46cf8e2e963f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:06.208Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dc5736b5-b906-41e9-b772-53d92b1aa48c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:59.096Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dd350208-e49c-412f-b249-f09d8203f1eb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dd9abe36-1cee-4100-a94f-105d9678fd1f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:02.821Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dda89758-9d0b-446d-b594-85acc7f9cb90",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:03.230Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dded2d68-35c7-42c4-af10-efe7731673e3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:06.789Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--de981644-10f5-40bf-9ced-5c35ed8f9793",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:12:25.320Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dead5325-7efe-4dcc-bf78-42b9190f74da",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:03.868Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--deb83319-bc5a-4b9b-a44a-bd369b899601",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.076Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dede1ad8-7375-4d53-8a18-ac88008c78e1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:06:41.935Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--def57041-6bb4-453a-bf04-188b9e97a35d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.312Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--df321d74-25d6-42da-80e8-3c9a291cb471",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.505Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--df6da4ec-cbe8-4f93-a41f-3726a9491938",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.722Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--df7b521e-4496-432f-a61d-3094d0c7bc23",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.930Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--df80e2b6-5672-4f26-a19c-a394f3731f24",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:05.126Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--df88d021-cb8e-482d-9260-445d0a0244ac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:05.322Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--df9f5a5b-0662-4904-8e57-bc25c244a6da",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:05.761Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dfb20521-91c2-4f55-b92a-dab959759b78",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:05.955Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dfc355bd-ee2e-4c80-a61c-0ca700dbc006",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dfc6fb8e-87f4-4a50-a21e-1df2ad35d3c6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:53.406Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dfd0dc6c-33ad-44a4-9def-1d8e23e278fb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T22:52:24.900Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--dfe43fa1-ffc2-4c6c-a91d-f2ca55f21ccb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:06.275Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e09e253c-fd28-49ae-988e-1f80d769e8b8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:08.703Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e0aee02c-b424-4781-be10-793d71594c31",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:07.176Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e0d101cc-1284-4e88-82d6-227fe5d19d8a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:09.177Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e0da1f92-82b1-4096-86c4-1aef58ca89fb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:07.595Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e1269074-37f4-460b-8a2a-cd26892d4f8e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:07.806Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e13f8de3-3ea1-4987-9355-aad8d967a207",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:22.195Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e156609f-c30b-4bf5-8a1b-9689ba778a14",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:08.219Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e17c3b74-69d8-47b2-88d4-adcaf418ab74",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:08.436Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e1f28ed0-ec35-4792-ae02-a2d003bd3df4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:08.845Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e257913e-40ba-4a05-ba97-0c3175c966b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.057Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e323dee4-a896-4a82-85f5-d51d311b0437",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.276Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e3923fcf-5580-4c1e-bc55-33f67792cc00",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.492Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e3b04152-0c90-41ff-a333-c5163fa9714f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.685Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e41a04fe-a142-4294-a9f2-576214e1f985",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.881Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e434db5d-f201-4411-825f-4a50e1e78c75",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:10.093Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e49e0138-4247-4f3e-a42c-f0dab2f6ffbc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:10.309Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e4bc29f2-87c8-491d-b51b-d6cede7c1972",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:10.725Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e4c62e59-d14e-4cbc-a4a9-4f64bd523d5a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:10.930Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e4e37e2e-c6fc-4a67-a1c5-b349b1cd5a79",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:09:16.239Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e5afc447-a241-4773-9a8a-3d6fd205d926",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:11.174Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e5c9aacb-51e3-41d3-995d-9e6ed04a2454",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:11.594Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e607bb66-e53f-4684-b3f1-36a997e27d01",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:11.640Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e6af4cbd-1b2e-4733-be57-43a845f465eb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:12.007Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e6be2fb4-3815-4e52-8dec-2aed1dc3b7cf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:12.222Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e6e0ef82-2cb6-43fe-8f4a-b9e4d5a57b13",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:12.026Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e75f88e6-1ffb-467b-b488-46e91cb3e1e9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:12.625Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e767c178-e4b2-490a-b544-bb1b2d6c7de4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:12.351Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e79825fb-3bd0-41e7-9bdd-257cd3ab44a2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:13.276Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e7c3b02a-a932-4561-b812-5cfadd7f9b2f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:13.477Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e7eca1f8-1c88-4d99-996c-b93e0c66f063",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:57:33.616Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e83a79df-2555-4b2f-9ade-b9ed2689ae42",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:13.666Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e852e64c-b5e0-4e7f-a189-bbc7aa7932c7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:13.009Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e8af0b34-4a67-4966-a34a-c4d1b346ea15",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:13.343Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e8eaac2d-a4bf-408f-b24f-14471db7059b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:13.634Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e8ef9bb9-1335-4418-b788-f8220dbbe4c8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:14.760Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e915e12c-3d0c-4f60-b119-9414940abb0b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:14.982Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e95fe824-4df1-49a2-abf7-5d76fb47ef42",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:15.180Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e98892d6-e036-4140-adbb-2932dba51a19",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:15.413Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--e9f5096e-b9fc-459a-a303-88763b1269cc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:14.290Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ea211d90-b379-446f-bc5e-ae7befe5a6ff",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T22:04:53.274Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ea50253a-3220-458b-b810-ad032f2b182f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:15.720Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ea817c7a-9424-4204-90a5-6f8fb86037be",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:14.770Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eac205a6-271b-4a86-acf3-6f4ddefb82c4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:16.312Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eac550b4-3bd2-4309-8b37-b797dd0bd8a7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:15.101Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eadb4ca5-ee99-4169-a926-95b1ff82e960",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:16.718Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eae674f9-10a2-41e6-9cd3-205af8e69d53",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:17.058Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eaeb3c8d-9d91-4eb0-8049-5cb99e141026",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:17.271Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eb171086-88e1-4f24-bd7e-c3f8b3c3283b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:17.683Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eb1e05ef-58df-4c6d-acd7-5cc63ff7f44f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:17.881Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eb5310c6-7500-4b16-8ca7-6678c6232001",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:18.076Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ebb27a0d-c1cc-403f-aea0-6bc90aa52cfe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ebc34374-2dee-4dc1-b0b7-f31ae94dab11",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:15.968Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ebc9f35c-6f95-4bc0-b8b3-f9b515690fa0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:18.505Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ec105f62-2552-41fa-8b07-619dc1bf9b19",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:16.343Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ecaf20c0-d881-45b4-98f2-a456e07d3643",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:18.922Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ecf39e19-439f-4e9a-97c2-673ce4eb0a1a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:16.740Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ed095993-bc85-431e-9621-437143f16d44",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:19.379Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ed3ce006-cf41-46f6-bd86-054314c130dc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:19.565Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ed3ef546-566a-46c7-918e-7bfa10d05991",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:19.779Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ed66e087-8877-4146-a16a-44cfd144a3d8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:19.992Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ed8b97e2-5966-4844-a636-524541a46e43",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:20.202Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--edaa6f5c-1b59-4ecb-a20f-716a61cdaccb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:20.412Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--edccbe1f-a07a-405e-9b9a-b247ce3dcc9b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:20.853Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ede2b798-2f39-419e-a7d3-8f0c733af4c1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:21.055Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ede5f716-52cd-4833-b092-5938262cd20b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:08.900Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--edf73653-b2d7-422f-b433-b6a428ff12d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:21.272Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--edfa4bcb-6304-42df-b7c6-8caf480c66f2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:21.474Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ee1bf429-2c7c-4eb6-acca-e758522baf2e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:21.902Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ee2fdebd-1587-4e53-a7d7-c15fcc88879d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:22.101Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ee538956-6abf-4884-bbfa-16839f6c7d63",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:09.092Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ee72cc27-2e78-47c4-8786-1351f9bcee97",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:22.308Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ee89466e-0655-4217-844d-fb8ea4f76247",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:18.599Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eebae2f3-aaa1-4410-8b75-db5bdac1d4d6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:22.759Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eecca3e7-4db5-40d4-b04c-13f84701acb3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:22.949Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eeeaa0d4-0ca0-468e-ae13-43ab7aba61b4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:19.009Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eeeb83cb-0a8a-412b-aae2-aede7c43d8e8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:23.369Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eeed6b2a-093b-478d-8d20-4ecf0b458bee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T17:57:18.102Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eeeff03f-7436-4f76-8591-42075e6647d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:19.325Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ef60735b-c64b-465c-9e5f-46a4d3a49fb3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:23.790Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ef615d62-fe85-4740-9c5d-5dddff9b5693",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:23.983Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--efb80069-e4be-4055-bd34-06d1376b4601",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:19.711Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--eff19f74-4940-4c8e-a3b3-b3c16fe3f5e0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:24.415Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--efface85-ce65-400f-8632-cb188cc08bcf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:11:45.227Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f05a2592-00f9-4f1f-ba55-395af5444b96",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:24.632Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f08d487a-7837-48f9-9301-fe0f9f144c92",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:24.852Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f0ac1d07-fccd-4330-93cf-fbc985ee6fb9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:20.209Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f0c81c9f-2fb7-4e7d-98ed-c75e3be7d962",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:25.281Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f0c8a954-c1a0-453a-9c1d-484305abdab2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:20.550Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f0d4d23c-2c8c-4731-9b81-7c86fed25b5d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:25.709Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f10611e9-4812-4780-a1d5-0ad537dd95fb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:25.902Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f130282b-f681-455f-966b-55829842be92",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:26.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f13dac1a-090b-40c6-9093-eb4abe0deba8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:26.315Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f14d1558-79b9-4fe4-8329-d26b19ef4ef8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f15f24d2-e581-46ce-83e4-a924f572aae6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:21.363Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f19c34b2-ef3a-4581-b604-6639f501e32f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:26.944Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f1edb034-6dc6-4d6c-8f75-e2cd12213704",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:27.174Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f20d8eed-b517-4297-b32a-9a5e0845de9f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:21.745Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f25c2744-e08f-4ea2-83c3-46a517ba4f4d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:09:04.156Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f29ecf69-1753-44bb-9b80-1025f49cadda",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:27.580Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f347b4fe-d829-427d-851a-fff3393441db",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:28.180Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f353e8ec-0766-4fbd-86b7-9ea06b52958b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:28.414Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f40cc6f5-111c-418f-aa84-50d920fa6c48",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:22.639Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f448969e-217d-4946-bede-6c85dc1b123f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:48:41.376Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f45c2df8-30e7-45d0-8067-7b2870767574",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:29.025Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f497fd3e-8f05-4db2-97cc-48a8d35a8827",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:22.962Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f4afb180-4b30-4ed1-b094-3d74d8fd0cf1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:29.445Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f4cae3bb-a699-43a6-9dae-fd3acac9551e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:19:38.546Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f531e763-3550-40ba-a6a1-81e208ca12c6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:29.887Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f5621ad9-c905-42e3-b59b-e0ae7b9051c7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.071Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f584a257-c22a-434b-aa2d-6220987821ab",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.281Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f5c91d82-5f7c-4e40-a85a-4f1909ae5545",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.485Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f5c9f641-a498-46b5-9068-39502db53cfd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.721Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f61944a4-fef5-4989-bc3d-68f86e65d7d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.913Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f61e474c-d7be-411e-a30e-0a1ef872fe51",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:31.104Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f6320c84-adfe-4a26-b33c-2b29ebd1337f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f65a8ce8-90fa-4d92-a0dc-3ee544c541fe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:31.308Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f65fa052-5ad0-4fc3-b579-ee33d1225659",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:31.516Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f691dde5-bb2d-411b-a381-b33e0ab673d6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:31.952Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f6bc7a24-c3e5-465c-ad71-52087cbff920",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:12:16.231Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f6ff74c2-d088-4252-a8e0-189574863765",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:32.168Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f703f8b2-b6b9-41f3-a551-6bb3647c45cc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:24.604Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f7215c1f-7bd7-41bd-8466-76caac225c7c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:32.577Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f72a7a30-bab4-445b-b226-d5c3cd1a5846",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:32.808Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f79d44ae-f971-484a-973b-e0cab972681d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:52:32.636Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f7bdbc1f-d08c-48a0-a474-a79b91526138",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:32.996Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f7c5bd1b-c596-41b2-b415-2bf5179667df",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:33.197Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f7c641d2-3528-4b4a-9612-85827eb0fff8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:33.423Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f7d672f6-993b-4036-961d-f6e22e94446c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:33.625Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f8318ac4-8ed0-478d-be87-faa2c9d8a740",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:33.846Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f8456c9b-a4a5-4f13-94e3-54c787b21089",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:34.045Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f862418a-e7b4-4783-8949-7145f3dee665",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:25.818Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f86bde61-c4ec-4d40-9768-32e9b52c1702",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:34.484Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f9164f95-51d4-4b6c-92d8-0cafe4b97e6c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:30.126Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f92764db-a880-4726-9d28-a035170f790c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:34.905Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f951d934-d555-45e9-a564-27b84518cae4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:26.405Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f9907fb1-976b-4f51-ac13-b45f2ff9452b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:35.518Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f9aa3364-a1eb-4776-ae03-c39b250545a0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:26.857Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f9c29dd4-1c5e-4f7e-b60a-862319a6d0a0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:27.082Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--f9e33311-f162-4ebd-b944-8704f6dc0fd4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fa1bde35-63d9-4c5c-969b-2c17c29089fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:36.158Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--faa5ba6b-bbc4-47ab-a737-6dc1d8b31efd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fac4bc88-af9b-4eec-b041-e4138b49c3c0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:36.593Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fad25140-73de-40d5-a010-3464188db973",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:36.807Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fadbdca3-3c98-497c-a156-e53b89664359",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:37.012Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--faf163b6-4e35-43d6-9c0c-83d91d215854",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:37.227Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fb4ee993-feb0-414f-b724-6ba392b1e560",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:10:44.136Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fc189fa0-1235-46ac-a802-f226dc0ec4e1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:37.622Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fc3a187f-7437-413f-bea4-14936ce86512",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fc4803cb-d6bf-4674-bf40-d4b0997824ba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:38.310Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fc508fcc-6f19-44da-bbc0-de6aaa627d04",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:16:18.456Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fcb7733f-553d-43de-a8c6-c85a5cd65041",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:28.553Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fcba6a58-72b0-4d54-a887-740624e22f6f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:38.920Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fcd3fdbf-4909-48ab-85c4-ce4b34172eb0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:28.863Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fcd7c2bf-638e-409f-bc36-fff28c3cc68f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:28.185Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fd1bde9f-b2a5-48e2-ac92-cb6097040a71",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:32.387Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fd1f3d4e-825f-4b25-aaf7-c82823ccf341",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:22:03.083Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fd309395-8fcc-402c-9227-90ac897fd602",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:39.554Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fd3bc308-82cd-49c9-a41e-9b19ce04b3cd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:39.770Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fd7247a4-b299-4948-a3b0-9b43f4f41ae0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:39.957Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fdc20415-c9a1-405e-80af-3d297894e8fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:40.401Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fe22f626-ddf3-4d5e-97d1-058878d7830f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:40.807Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fe265dd7-2c1a-4c75-8aa8-12d0c82c7926",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:41.023Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--fe3bd9f0-2cdb-420d-88fa-352125bd7f28",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-24T18:22:16.837Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--feb32f07-00f0-404f-920d-8891be40b655",
                    "object_modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:19.567Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ff021e27-63be-41f4-bc4d-2ce75d8a3ecb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:41.267Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ff107632-751b-4efb-86bd-af670b48d35d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:41.468Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ff3f0668-98df-44c1-88c2-711f05720eb8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:30.239Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "relationship--ffc5bbce-8d9c-4276-9dc6-efed5c01af8b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:41.879Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--0099659c-6a20-4331-9d47-b1c0c380fd6b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--058d856a-6356-402f-b3ff-a7c1b6186921",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--05ca4f07-df4f-4e88-b216-f40ca6ce39b8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--11a350cf-1ea0-4065-877b-c3bb410bf3a0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--1672d2e3-8756-4380-b22c-517aa9f1cce0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--1be515a0-2656-4b35-a561-e8157169350d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--1e9c5d46-14e2-4efc-8861-e6dc942b3b9c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--2195ec67-7cea-4b0d-a678-18384089bf2c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--2388dc31-ba9a-4c12-b4b9-28bbc981c73e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--23ce0ac3-6afe-4647-be72-e1e9bcd1490e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--23eb2bc3-735d-4425-96e1-f9d3a1453bfa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--28eb77c1-1834-4b7a-a06f-afebb7f2e756",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--29b6e4b8-878c-4139-aa56-7e1513714d34",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--302a5327-70cf-44b5-b592-ce9a62014dcc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--322ac45b-d540-4d2a-84a1-cde200238b95",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--32bfb2ab-2ad1-4c00-8428-96bc626c34f3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--32db74f9-d46d-4728-891a-113a8b8e2b07",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--330166da-bc80-4aca-bd41-cbd6b1742812",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--354b93da-06e9-4634-a5fd-7f9b7b3a9d5a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--37d989e6-14cd-49a4-adec-3d8b72c8dc22",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--383a1a1c-8ecf-4909-9237-14a1f4fc4179",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--393d7e7b-0790-49e7-9bcd-87ab4662b05e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--3c6a21cb-8643-41bc-94a1-e860b02a1cad",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--3e456d4d-397d-4e04-9261-9399960c9633",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--3f10ffe9-fa73-4aeb-bf98-322831bf757f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--484023ea-6fea-4f91-b40d-c6d87188cbfe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--48d2023b-469d-4f9f-a4e6-010be72436b9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--55544bb8-440f-4b67-aa35-7e7af5952aca",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--5610211c-1458-4333-8640-384189d9318e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--636e612f-0b63-44e8-bf2c-31b62d20508b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--66070162-d51e-46e7-8d32-2140fd5e7086",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--68073351-4e4f-40e4-9394-a9166bb346d7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--6b3b3e92-bef7-4977-9895-29036bab29f1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--6e046c4c-6c93-4fdf-a69e-5d81b52d1e9c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--7107739b-92d2-41fa-9fc8-ebe72f6086ee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--77857bc3-6a38-4826-8109-30facf6c23ec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--7841eb6b-8a05-4754-b738-a475bfbb89fb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--78615cd7-6a14-4921-aaa9-2aae0774f0f1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--791310ad-7db5-41df-9fa5-fa4097d8a51d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--7aa60595-5a1c-4de2-be60-cc1f9fea2313",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--7ec4b791-7054-442f-8967-6d6fa5e8678b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--8428e0cd-009e-41c1-8292-88651d4486c9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--87f5d864-d79b-474a-a3b4-43673dcb9f90",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--880a1133-6639-42f0-96a8-3e914426d38b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--882f2365-4c14-4c48-8eef-2a7c293c8569",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--899d0dce-64f7-4924-93a1-8e3c83dd510f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--899d41e8-8d02-45f9-ab8a-3a06f4cc4189",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--89ca8617-20fd-404b-9afb-dcfd2684a791",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--8c77f31f-c6f4-491c-965a-e25c506b0c68",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--908fe88b-d8e2-47d1-b6a4-7a42b3bbe09b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--9127dd4e-0994-442f-8d73-b6b2dfb1f9ac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--930aae7c-e8f0-4594-8e3f-f0e71d7e1640",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--96e7b86f-b960-489c-882b-9dcdb1c44aa9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--981b659b-992a-4d71-9404-0e1b2b598e50",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--9ad83be0-5c88-4fb6-b59d-19db21176923",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--aebd2848-98db-46f1-8e22-627e2ec3c280",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--afc9e394-147e-49db-81df-953d2d3ea93e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--b337bf06-d69b-41e0-8e60-8f24cb718998",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--b6fb91d0-28f6-447d-ba25-e7b26116ebfe",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--b74100d1-0085-468a-834a-2bf10924a3b7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--c14544a4-5ca1-4523-97eb-4a9840d74c6d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--c40ddd75-f2fc-4899-bda1-bff164c96622",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--cbf791b4-5186-4205-ac5a-a56042aaebec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--cd4c92f9-3107-45c7-9d95-19a44d7dc92c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--cff25f71-859e-48bf-88d6-852d05e22b33",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--d271c7fc-d76a-4fb0-a645-5db2c1223a32",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--d3023733-5874-4746-a947-65925514e382",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--d71e98fa-64d1-4ddb-acb1-bba1e4af6a73",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--d937e4b8-20f2-44c1-9940-48c74318c715",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--dc014060-5116-4a2f-bac5-35ac1db8fabb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--dd25b818-ceb0-4518-9384-dcf895d4956b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--ddfcd948-3526-4241-a12f-d7bf63468e40",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--e25ef816-bbfd-4656-8ecb-c7eebcba31d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--e8f51c53-fc55-441b-a45f-ba7709ccbce2",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--ec695157-8c3c-439b-9925-459c9d4172f0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--ece52da2-ac60-4b0e-863f-ebbc95118a8c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--edd8297d-ec63-4b54-8d28-106f228dd535",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--f123f13f-b6f4-4e86-96cd-14df0e855e0f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--f12aa823-91cc-40e1-93b7-eaa5f5fa9c4d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--f666f516-f8d0-41f6-9a4c-0ac6c1f6086b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--fbd4686e-f637-459b-ad48-c6fd7840acfa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-analytic--fcfe9c48-3a5a-49c8-96c3-be79414a8419",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-04T18:07:59.333Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-04T18:03:06.811Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-04T18:05:43.237Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-04T19:26:49.788Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-04T17:59:11.489Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-03T17:46:10.281Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T19:43:43.474Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-16T18:49:08.504Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-04T18:01:02.506Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T16:17:35.766Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-22T15:13:16.424Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
                    "object_modified": "2023-10-04T18:09:21.296Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T19:34:14.912Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T19:34:42.547Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T19:56:56.316Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T19:55:17.864Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T19:58:01.290Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T19:58:23.607Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--1177a4c5-31c8-400c-8544-9071166afa0e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--181a9f8c-c780-4f1f-91a8-edb770e904ba",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--235b7491-2d2b-4617-9a52-3c0783680f71",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--2b3bfe19-d59a-460d-93bb-2f546adc2d2c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:14:34.343Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--39b9db72-8b48-4595-a18d-db5bbba3091b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d6e6b3b-4aa8-40e1-8c47-91db0f313d9f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--4c12c1c8-bcef-4daf-8e5b-fca235f71d9e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--4dcd8ba3-2075-4f8b-941e-39884ffaac08",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--5297a638-1382-4f0c-8472-0d21830bf705",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--61f1d40e-f3d0-4cc6-aa2d-937b6204194f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--639e87f3-acb6-448a-9645-258f20da4bc5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--66531bc6-a509-4868-8314-4d599e91d222",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--74fa567d-bc90-425c-8a41-3c703abb221c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--7b375092-3a61-448d-900a-77c9a4bde4dc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--84572de3-9583-4c73-aabd-06ea88123dd8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--8ed4e6d0-56d7-4e6b-8fa6-41f41631f30d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9f387817-df83-432a-b56b-a8fb7f71eedd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a953ca55-921a-44f7-9b8d-3d40141aa17e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b05a614b-033c-4578-b4f2-c63a9feee706",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b9d031bb-d150-4fc6-8025-688201bf3ffd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:14:38.020Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--c0a4a086-cc20-4e1e-b7cb-29d99dfa3fb1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--da85d358-741a-410d-9433-20d6269a6170",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--e905dad2-00d6-477c-97e8-800427abd0e8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--ee575f4a-2d4f-48f6-b18b-89067760adc1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--f42df6f0-6395-4f0c-9376-525a031f00c3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--f5468e67-51c7-4756-9b4f-65707708e7fa",
                    "object_modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--faa34cf6-cf32-4dc9-bd6a-8f7a606ff65b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:14:38.292Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--0b4f86ed-f4ab-46a3-8ed1-175be1974da6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--0f42a24c-e035-4f93-a91c-5f7076bd8da0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--12c1e727-7fa4-49b6-af81-366ed2ce231e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--1b8c9f31-ad35-4850-bf8c-80c565ad3552",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--40269753-26bd-437b-986e-159c66dec5e4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--4358c631-e253-4557-86df-f687d0ef9891",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--509ed41e-ca42-461e-9058-24602256daf9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--61bbbf27-f7c3-46ba-a6bc-48ae76928065",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--73691708-ffb5-4e29-906d-f485f6fa7089",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--b1717cb4-d536-4e2b-b5e5-07e67e26183c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--ba27545a-9c32-47ea-ba6a-cce50f1b326e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--c000cd5c-bbb3-4606-af6f-6c6d9de0bbe3",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--c9ddfb51-eb45-4e22-b614-44ac1caa7883",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--ca1cb239-ff6d-4f64-b9d7-41c8556a8b4f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--d710099e-df94-4be4-bf85-cabd30e912bb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--e8b8ede7-337b-4c0c-8c32-5c7872c1ee22",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-data-source--f424e4b4-a8a4-4c58-a4ae-4f53bfd08563",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--04bcf663-e6cd-42bf-8864-f4d1ad345263",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--05f7d4e4-ae99-4339-b71a-59f1e317dc6d",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--06443942-ba28-4d13-b4b4-93317d6eafa5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--08c090e3-c56f-4a8b-80f6-307a1daf46ea",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--09754c36-7be2-4536-aad2-a6c3568ba0e5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--09f46edf-33f9-4c23-af2f-74864c27f616",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--0f2e4927-401d-430e-96ed-90feb8df1b03",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--105c127f-2777-452e-bf61-b0786ee13861",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--13412b71-b94e-4aef-912a-44853f8bff05",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--194cb4dd-81ca-4e64-94e2-911fab1219f9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--1bae319f-03d8-49c9-8bb8-e4f27bb69a11",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--2145faf1-28da-4ebc-9730-f2e2a8764ced",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--2a1619a7-dd27-48e4-b56f-806cb3d2e405",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--336b9423-5543-4354-bd00-13c614ccdc96",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--33dd1c37-1702-4de2-9712-fcc640e4b681",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--37b4971d-2eb8-4f87-899c-19acaf0394bb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3a772c6d-fda2-404a-86aa-85a0bdbb43e9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3e884c49-75ca-449e-83cb-3517ee88e0f1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3ea60ac7-87a3-4033-9089-258941d8388a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--441ded70-7e25-47f1-b55c-0fafb7d4f44c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--442bf059-f7cf-460b-8200-f35e1e0a0c78",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--442e5dcf-7f41-4ba5-ba89-aefb0d1c63cf",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--47c6f72c-1f2f-4ea8-94d0-08202b7d5bdb",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--4ea060f9-f6fc-4122-9544-70afd567ea10",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--519082ce-24ab-4f6b-9e86-b9443758c9d4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--5604323b-6e7a-4801-91ae-4bf591f2e3ac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--58b4bda4-d69a-4a20-ab67-308c4451a5e8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--5ba60cf7-738d-4ed4-827c-8c763ad9f0f0",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--60a55b7b-29a5-437e-83a7-edbe6f3c4415",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--62587e44-0623-4b14-bd45-126430eaed4a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--636329e6-32b9-4a71-acf8-ae6d01a6b4ef",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--67c2be08-d31a-4385-a637-9d1a907c7a26",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--6d2ba563-0aa9-4f64-a14d-da62b694b495",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--6f921aa8-deb3-4286-8101-26a7cbe80c0e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--709e05b2-6400-43a2-9bbf-b64f6017b023",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--732d2487-3241-4866-8bb5-044bb4acdd3b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--74b96bd4-dab9-494e-a540-b7c998581fd5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--7f32731d-7800-483c-b077-c4a187a27ae5",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--7f41ed29-fdc6-4c28-ba10-9de1aa129f7e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--825106d1-6f44-47a1-b8dd-c3e3b6cecab7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--87493fa2-bb78-4e28-b882-d79eecd10740",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--887ae691-a519-4b68-af26-bcea1483cef7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--89e95503-b02c-43da-90b3-15584b27e6d6",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--8ae936b6-b635-4104-bd11-81c18d90cf97",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--930b268b-abf0-485f-9854-60c1cfdd2d33",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--97914ffd-b189-415e-9309-e63e3be01b1e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--9ad17e7a-5920-42ac-9bf4-545b99162640",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--9f3df5ac-caa0-4189-9b9b-dcf2f6bbdc54",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--a366d027-d797-4957-949a-870aed0766dd",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--a995ba7c-c2c2-4d74-a3da-74e5a192099b",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ab3f0926-58e2-485e-987c-66b541d9de97",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ad675d25-2829-48e5-8475-28f1ed5d813a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ae24274b-0e20-451e-a883-6eeb0e8e7d00",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b04e83cc-8ace-4880-8953-7ce55eb8c427",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b25c4621-5d38-43ee-871e-0e5c02f2f48c",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b6a6d95c-e3b5-438d-a095-3fb0859c8f45",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b817139c-2941-4523-bfb5-10c36d230871",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--bbb288c7-9e40-46bd-b0a1-db4cfef4e1ee",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c0abb110-c80e-4d6a-9f27-f2783f8bbfec",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c0e6c96d-8605-407a-9bce-628e7853b07f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c4777f1a-1481-4e8a-a3f4-0da57418c808",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c7737640-99e8-4efb-90ee-39332b623b33",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c7aea5e8-cd8b-4f79-be41-3a446cdde7b7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c94af5cb-61c3-4180-81e7-30c1669f4252",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--cb273244-c117-4e32-afc7-f72f4e44e179",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--d8cb1dd3-8bf2-48e7-99db-473481b823a8",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--d9469edc-7e55-41bc-8b17-a8db9fc6302e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--de675cf4-144e-485c-a761-c72ebcb9e2bc",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e69d1e15-76e1-434c-bd45-0354a10dde8a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e6bc5359-4bd4-4688-9136-ac7a6b561f56",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e8b537e6-04eb-4168-a206-88cc041edf50",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e9f6c9ad-7368-43e3-9ba1-c9261323a1d1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--eabde43f-1872-499d-9642-85a6959c4d28",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ec442b22-3dc8-4b2b-8294-b76b0f01d748",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--edf989d8-7e25-4ed2-b289-a55dee68a75e",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f1a7e304-d05f-4e48-89b7-8b034f507c32",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f4f3b9a6-2de0-45a5-8936-2ad9288191b9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f9b7143b-ce86-4cfb-a03a-f39c01904fb1",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f9ea25e7-6e63-4ef1-a8ad-47a4a261e175",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fb0931d5-8eb9-4db2-a2a4-447c32b29bd4",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fddbd892-faa2-40e1-b40d-2c6e33c00f14",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fe11c904-752f-40e2-b269-c53bbb29541a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ffeac6e1-798f-41b1-8baf-2650d2ebe031",
                    "object_modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-matrix--575f48f4-8897-4468-897b-48bb364af6c7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:11.147Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--298fe907-7931-4fd2-8131-2814dd493134",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:21.065Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--33752ae7-f875-4f43-bdb6-d8d02d341046",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:21.215Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--51c25a9e-8615-40c0-8afd-1da578847924",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:21.394Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--696af733-728e-49d7-8261-75fdc590f453",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:28.358Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--69da72d2-f550-41c5-ab9e-e8255707f28a",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:28.727Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--77542f83-70d0-40c2-8a9d-ad2eb8b00279",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:21.936Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--78f1d2ae-a579-44c4-8fc5-3e1775c73fac",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:29.269Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--93bf9a8e-b14c-4587-b6d5-9efc7c12eb45",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:22.274Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--97c8ff73-bd14-4b6c-ac32-3d91d2c41e3f",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:29.812Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--b2a67b1e-913c-46f6-b219-048a90560bb9",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:22.653Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--ddf70682-f3ce-479c-a9a4-7eadf9bfead7",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:30.353Z"
                },
                {
                    "object_ref": "x-mitre-tactic--ff048b6c-b872-4218-b68c-3735ebd1f024",
                    "object_modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:23.006Z"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-matrix",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-matrix--575f48f4-8897-4468-897b-48bb364af6c7",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/matrices/ics/",
                    "external_id": "ics-attack"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:11.147Z",
            "name": "ATT&CK for ICS",
            "description": "The full ATT&CK for ICS Matrix includes techniques spanning various ICS assets and can be used to navigate through the knowledge base.",
            "tactic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-tactic--69da72d2-f550-41c5-ab9e-e8255707f28a",
                "x-mitre-tactic--93bf9a8e-b14c-4587-b6d5-9efc7c12eb45",
                "x-mitre-tactic--78f1d2ae-a579-44c4-8fc5-3e1775c73fac",
                "x-mitre-tactic--33752ae7-f875-4f43-bdb6-d8d02d341046",
                "x-mitre-tactic--ddf70682-f3ce-479c-a9a4-7eadf9bfead7",
                "x-mitre-tactic--696af733-728e-49d7-8261-75fdc590f453",
                "x-mitre-tactic--51c25a9e-8615-40c0-8afd-1da578847924",
                "x-mitre-tactic--b2a67b1e-913c-46f6-b219-048a90560bb9",
                "x-mitre-tactic--97c8ff73-bd14-4b6c-ac32-3d91d2c41e3f",
                "x-mitre-tactic--298fe907-7931-4fd2-8131-2814dd493134",
                "x-mitre-tactic--ff048b6c-b872-4218-b68c-3735ebd1f024",
                "x-mitre-tactic--77542f83-70d0-40c2-8a9d-ad2eb8b00279"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--059ba11e-e3dc-49aa-84ca-88197f40d4ea",
            "created": "2019-06-11T17:06:56.230Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0948",
                    "external_id": "M0948"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:25.920Z",
            "name": "Application Isolation and Sandboxing",
            "description": "Restrict the execution of code to a virtual environment on or in-transit to an endpoint system.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 5.4",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 5.4",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "created": "2019-06-11T16:33:55.337Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0937",
                    "external_id": "M0937"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure February 2005",
                    "description": "Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure 2005, February FIREWALL DEPLOYMENT FOR SCADA AND PROCESS CONTROL NETWORKS Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/Good%20Practices%20Guide%20for%20Firewall%20Deployment.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.074Z",
            "name": "Filter Network Traffic",
            "description": "Use network appliances to filter ingress or egress traffic and perform protocol-based filtering. Configure software on endpoints to filter network traffic.   Perform inline allow/denylisting of network messages based on the application layer (OSI Layer 7) protocol, especially for automation protocols. Application allowlists are beneficial when there are well-defined communication sequences, types, rates, or patterns needed during expected system operations. Application denylists may be needed if all acceptable communication sequences cannot be defined, but instead a set of known malicious uses can be denied (e.g., excessive communication  attempts, shutdown messages, invalid commands).  Devices performing these functions are often referred to as deep-packet inspection (DPI) firewalls, context-aware firewalls, or firewalls blocking specific automation/SCADA protocol aware firewalls. (Citation: Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure February 2005)",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 5.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 5.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-3; SC-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--143b4398-3222-480a-b6a4-e131bc2d3144",
            "created": "2019-06-06T20:52:59.206Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0921",
                    "external_id": "M0921"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.226Z",
            "name": "Restrict Web-Based Content",
            "description": "Restrict use of certain websites, block downloads/attachments, block Javascript, restrict browser extensions, etc.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 2.4",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - HDR 2.4",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SC-18"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--1cbcceef-3233-4062-aa86-ec91afe39517",
            "created": "2023-03-22T15:49:55.439Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0818",
                    "external_id": "M0818"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "PLCTop20 Mar 2023",
                    "description": "PLC Security, Top 20 Community. (2021, June 15). Secure PLC Coding Practices: Top 20 version 1.0. Retrieved March 22, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://plc-security.com/content/Top_20_Secure_PLC_Coding_Practices_V1.0.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.390Z",
            "name": "Validate Program Inputs",
            "description": "Devices and programs designed to interact with control system parameters should validate the format and content of all user inputs and actions to ensure the values are within intended operational ranges. These values should be evaluated and further enforced through the program logic running on the field controller. If a problematic or invalid input is identified, the programs should either utilize a predetermined safe value or enter a known safe state, while also logging or alerting on the event.(Citation: PLCTop20 Mar 2023)",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.5",
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.6",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.5",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.6",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-10"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "created": "2019-06-10T20:41:03.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0930",
                    "external_id": "M0930"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC August 2013",
                    "description": "IEC 2013, August Industrial communication networks - Network and system security - Part 3-3: System security requirements and security levels Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/7033"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2019",
                    "description": "IEC 2019, February Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.551Z",
            "name": "Network Segmentation",
            "description": "Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network.  Restrict network access to only required systems and services. In addition, prevent systems from other networks or business functions (e.g., enterprise) from accessing critical process control systems. For example, in IEC 62443, systems within the same secure level should be grouped into a zone, and access to that zone is restricted by a conduit, or mechanism to restrict data flows between zones by segmenting the network. (Citation: IEC February 2019) (Citation: IEC August 2013)",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 5.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 5.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--2ab9fc6d-3cf6-4d7b-85f1-3ad6949233b3",
            "created": "2019-06-11T17:00:01.740Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0944",
                    "external_id": "M0944"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:26.729Z",
            "name": "Restrict Library Loading",
            "description": "Prevent abuse of library loading mechanisms in the operating system and software to load untrusted code by configuring appropriate library loading mechanisms and investigating potential vulnerable software.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 7.7",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 7.7",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - CM-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--2f0160b7-e982-49d7-9612-f19b810f1722",
            "created": "2019-06-06T16:39:58.291Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0915",
                    "external_id": "M0915"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:12.577Z",
            "name": "Active Directory Configuration",
            "description": "Configure Active Directory to prevent use of certain techniques; use security identifier (SID) Filtering, etc.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
            "created": "2019-06-10T20:46:02.263Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0931",
                    "external_id": "M0931"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:27.092Z",
            "name": "Network Intrusion Prevention",
            "description": "Use intrusion detection signatures to block traffic at network boundaries.  In industrial control environments, network intrusion prevention should be configured so it will not disrupt protocols and communications responsible for real-time functions related to control or safety.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 6.2",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 6.2",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-4"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--3222a807-521b-4a1a-aa13-f1cda45734b3",
            "created": "2019-06-06T20:58:59.577Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0924",
                    "external_id": "M0924"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:27.274Z",
            "name": "Restrict Registry Permissions",
            "description": "Restrict the ability to modify certain hives or keys in the Windows Registry.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 2.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 2.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-6"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--337c4e2a-21a7-4d9a-bfee-9efd6cebf0e5",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0803",
                    "external_id": "M0803"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:13.297Z",
            "name": "Data Loss Prevention",
            "description": "Data Loss Prevention (DLP) technologies can be used to help identify adversarial attempts to exfiltrate operational information, such as engineering plans, trade secrets, recipes, intellectual property, or process telemetry. DLP functionality may be built into other security products such as firewalls or standalone suites running on the network and host-based agents. DLP may be configured to prevent the transfer of information through corporate resources such as email, web, and physical media such as USB for host-based solutions.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 4.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 4.1"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2025-03-12T16:11:54.933Z",
            "name": "Access Management",
            "description": "Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization polices and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provide sufficient capabilities to support user identification and authentication. (Citation: McCarthy, J et al. July 2018) These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials. (Citation: Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure November 2010)",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 2.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 2.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0801",
                    "external_id": "M0801"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure November 2010",
                    "description": "Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure 2010, November Configuring and Managing Remote Access for Industrial Control Systems Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/RP_Managing_Remote_Access_S508NC.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "McCarthy, J et al. July 2018",
                    "description": "McCarthy, J et al. 2018, July NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--469b78dd-a54d-4f7c-8c3b-4a1dd916b433",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0816",
                    "external_id": "M0816"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:13.833Z",
            "name": "Mitigation Limited or Not Effective",
            "description": "This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventative controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--49363b74-d506-4342-bd63-320586ebadb9",
            "created": "2019-06-11T17:10:57.070Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0950",
                    "external_id": "M0950"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:27.827Z",
            "name": "Exploit Protection",
            "description": "Use capabilities to detect and block conditions that may lead to or be indicative of a software exploit occurring.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.2",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.2",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-16"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--49b306c1-a046-42c5-a4d2-30f264ada110",
            "created": "2019-06-11T16:30:16.672Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0935",
                    "external_id": "M0935"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:27.991Z",
            "name": "Limit Access to Resource Over Network",
            "description": "Prevent access to file shares, remote access to systems, unnecessary services. Mechanisms to limit access may include use of network concentrators, RDP gateways, etc.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 5.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 5.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-3; SC-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
            "created": "2019-06-11T16:35:25.488Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0938",
                    "external_id": "M0938"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.155Z",
            "name": "Execution Prevention",
            "description": "Block execution of code on a system through application control, and/or script blocking.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.2",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.2",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:16:18.709Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0814",
                    "external_id": "M0814"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.312Z",
            "name": "Static Network Configuration",
            "description": "Configure hosts and devices to use static network configurations when possible, protocols that require dynamic discovery/addressing (e.g., ARP, DHCP, DNS) can be used to manipulate network message forwarding and enable various AiTM attacks. This mitigation may not always be usable due to limited device features or challenges introduced with different network configurations.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 7.7",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 7.7",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - CM-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--5d97c693-e054-48ba-a3a3-eaf6942dfb65",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:10:35.792Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927",
                    "external_id": "M0927"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.470Z",
            "name": "Password Policies",
            "description": "Set and enforce secure password policies for accounts.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 1.5",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 1.5",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - IA-5"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--622fe4d4-0e8e-4d17-9c25-6c9cef1f15d5",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:09:47.115Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0926",
                    "external_id": "M0926"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.652Z",
            "name": "Privileged Account Management",
            "description": "Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to privileged accounts, including SYSTEM and root.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 1.3",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 1.3",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-2"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-20T17:02:00.299Z",
            "name": "Human User Authentication",
            "description": "Require user authentication before allowing access to data or accepting commands to a device. While strong multi-factor authentication is preferable, it is not always feasible within ICS environments. Performing strong user authentication also requires additional security controls and processes which are often the target of related adversarial techniques (e.g., Valid Accounts, Default Credentials). Therefore, associated ATT&CK mitigations should be considered in addition to this, including [Multi-factor Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0932), [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918), [Privileged Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0926), and [User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1052).",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 1.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 1.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - IA-2"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0804",
                    "external_id": "M0804"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--6a02e38a-9629-40c0-8c7d-e98e3470315c",
            "created": "2019-06-06T20:15:34.146Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0920",
                    "external_id": "M0920"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:15.463Z",
            "name": "SSL/TLS Inspection",
            "description": "Break and inspect SSL/TLS sessions to look at encrypted web traffic for adversary activity.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "created": "2019-06-11T17:01:25.405Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0945",
                    "external_id": "M0945"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:28.975Z",
            "name": "Code Signing",
            "description": "Enforce binary and application integrity with digital signature verification to prevent untrusted code from executing.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.4",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.4",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-10-14T20:31:04.927Z",
            "name": "Software Process and Device Authentication",
            "description": "Require the authentication of devices and software processes where appropriate. Devices that connect remotely to other systems should require strong authentication to prevent spoofing of communications. Furthermore, software processes should also require authentication when accessing APIs.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 1.2",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 1.2",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - IA-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:16:18.709Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0813",
                    "external_id": "M0813"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--7f153c28-e5f1-4764-88fb-eea1d9b0ad4a",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0808",
                    "external_id": "M0808"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:29.147Z",
            "name": "Encrypt Network Traffic",
            "description": "Utilize strong cryptographic techniques and protocols to prevent eavesdropping on network communications.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 4.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 4.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SC-8"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--86b455f2-fb63-4043-93a8-32a3a7703a02",
            "created": "2019-06-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936",
                    "external_id": "M0936"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:29.323Z",
            "name": "Account Use Policies",
            "description": "Configure features related to account use like login attempt lockouts, specific login times, etc.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 1.11",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 1.11",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - IA-5"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--8a3aadd0-b5f4-433a-800e-4893e4196bb7",
            "created": "2017-10-25T14:48:53.732Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0913",
                    "external_id": "M0913"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:29.489Z",
            "name": "Application Developer Guidance",
            "description": "This mitigation describes any guidance or training given to developers of applications to avoid introducing security weaknesses that an adversary may be able to take advantage of.",
            "labels": [
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 - AT-3",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 - AT-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--8ac1d6e1-b07f-476a-9732-84984ebc2405",
            "created": "2019-06-11T17:02:36.984Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0946",
                    "external_id": "M0946"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:29.725Z",
            "name": "Boot Integrity",
            "description": "Use secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.14",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--8bc4a54e-810c-4600-8b6c-08fa8413a401",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0805",
                    "external_id": "M0805"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004",
                    "description": "A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004 APPLYING THE LATEST STANDARD FOR FUNCTIONAL SAFETY  IEC 61511 Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.icheme.org/media/9906/xviii-paper-23.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:16.894Z",
            "name": "Mechanical Protection Layers",
            "description": "Utilize a layered protection design based on physical or mechanical protection systems to prevent damage to property, equipment, human safety, or the environment. Examples include interlocks, rupture disk, release values, etc. (Citation: A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004) ",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "created": "2019-06-11T17:12:55.207Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0951",
                    "external_id": "M0951"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:30.090Z",
            "name": "Update Software",
            "description": "Perform regular software updates to mitigate exploitation risk. Software updates may need to be scheduled around operational down times.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.10",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-2"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--98aa0d61-fc9d-4b2d-8f18-b25d03549f53",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:16:18.709Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0815",
                    "external_id": "M0815"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:17.436Z",
            "name": "Watchdog Timers",
            "description": "Utilize watchdog timers to ensure devices can quickly detect whether a system is unresponsive.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 7.2"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--99c746d7-a08a-4169-94f9-b8c0dad716fa",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:16:18.709Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0809",
                    "external_id": "M0809"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:17.799Z",
            "name": "Operational Information Confidentiality",
            "description": "Deploy mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of information related to operational processes, facility locations, device configurations, programs, or databases that may have information that can be used to infer organizational trade-secrets, recipes, and other intellectual property (IP).",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 4.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 4.1"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--9a945a29-5233-4422-a9e3-3e957b0e8bce",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:16:18.709Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0928",
                    "external_id": "M0928"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:30.648Z",
            "name": "Operating System Configuration",
            "description": "Make configuration changes related to the operating system or a common feature of the operating system that result in system hardening against techniques.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 7.7",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 7.7",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - CM-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--9e3adcad-0b8f-4ecc-a2f3-06f607f53bf0",
            "created": "2019-06-11T16:28:41.809Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0934",
                    "external_id": "M0934"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:30.822Z",
            "name": "Limit Hardware Installation",
            "description": "Block users or groups from installing or using unapproved hardware on systems, including USB devices.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.2",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - EDR 3.2",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - MP-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
            "created": "2019-06-11T16:43:44.834Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0941",
                    "external_id": "M0941"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.005Z",
            "name": "Encrypt Sensitive Information",
            "description": "Protect sensitive data-at-rest with strong encryption.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 4.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 4.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SC-28"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "created": "2019-06-10T20:53:36.319Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0807",
                    "external_id": "M0807"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.149Z",
            "name": "Network Allowlists",
            "description": "Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system hosts files to specify what connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the  application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in [Filter Network Traffic](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0937) mitigation.",
            "labels": [
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--ac8f3492-7fbb-4a0a-b0b4-b75ec676136c",
            "created": "2021-04-12T17:00:21.233Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0817",
                    "external_id": "M0817"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.301Z",
            "name": "Supply Chain Management",
            "description": "Implement a supply chain management program, including policies and procedures to ensure all devices and components originate from a trusted supplier and are tested to verify their integrity.",
            "labels": [
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 - SA-12",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SR-1"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "created": "2019-07-19T14:33:33.543Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953",
                    "external_id": "M0953"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.496Z",
            "name": "Data Backup",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.   Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of  'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 7.3",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 7.3",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - CP-9"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:16:18.709Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0810",
                    "external_id": "M0810"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency",
                    "description": "Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17  Rapid Attack Detection, Isolation and Characterization Systems (RADICS) Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/program/rapid-attack-detection-isolation-and-characterization-systems"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.696Z",
            "name": "Out-of-Band Communications Channel",
            "description": "Have alternative methods to support communication requirements during communication failures and data integrity attacks. (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013) (Citation: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)",
            "labels": [
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SC-37"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "created": "2019-06-11T17:06:14.029Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947",
                    "external_id": "M0947"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:31.848Z",
            "name": "Audit",
            "description": "Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.4",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.4",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 - SI-7",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0802",
                    "external_id": "M0802"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:32.013Z",
            "name": "Communication Authenticity",
            "description": "When communicating over an untrusted network, utilize secure network protocols that both authenticate the message sender and can verify its integrity. This can be done either through message authentication codes (MACs) or digital signatures, to detect spoofed network messages and unauthorized connections.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SC-8; SC-23"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "created": "2019-06-11T16:45:19.740Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0942",
                    "external_id": "M0942"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:32.177Z",
            "name": "Disable or Remove Feature or Program",
            "description": "Remove or deny access to unnecessary and potentially vulnerable software to prevent abuse by adversaries.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 7.7",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 7.7",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - CM-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--d48b79b2-076d-483e-949c-0d38aa347499",
            "created": "2019-06-06T19:55:50.927Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0919",
                    "external_id": "M0919"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:19.937Z",
            "name": "Threat Intelligence Program",
            "description": "A threat intelligence program helps an organization generate their own threat intelligence information and track trends to inform defensive priorities to mitigate risk.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--da44255d-85c5-492c-baf3-ee823d44f848",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:16:18.709Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0812",
                    "external_id": "M0812"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004",
                    "description": "A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004 APPLYING THE LATEST STANDARD FOR FUNCTIONAL SAFETY  IEC 61511 Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.icheme.org/media/9906/xviii-paper-23.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:20.300Z",
            "name": "Safety Instrumented Systems",
            "description": "Utilize Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) to provide an additional layer of protection to hazard scenarios that may cause property damage. A SIS will typically include sensors, logic solvers, and a final control element that can be used to automatically respond to an hazardous condition  (Citation: A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004) . Ensure that all SISs are segmented from operational networks to prevent them from being targeted by additional adversarial behavior.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--dc61c280-c29d-44e5-a960-c0dd1623d2ba",
            "created": "2019-06-06T16:50:04.963Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0917",
                    "external_id": "M0917"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:32.717Z",
            "name": "User Training",
            "description": "Train users to be aware of access or manipulation attempts by an adversary to reduce the risk of successful spearphishing, social engineering, and other techniques that involve user interaction.",
            "labels": [
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AT-2"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--ddf3e568-f065-49e2-9106-42029a28ddbd",
            "created": "2019-06-10T20:53:36.319Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0932",
                    "external_id": "M0932"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:32.907Z",
            "name": "Multi-factor Authentication",
            "description": "Use two or more pieces of evidence to authenticate to a system; such as username and password in addition to a token from a physical smart card or token generator.  Within industrial control environments assets such as low-level controllers, workstations, and HMIs have real-time operational control and safety requirements which may restrict the use of multi-factor.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 1.7",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 1.7",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - IA-2"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--de0bc375-50e1-4e26-a342-a8ff8c9d3037",
            "created": "2019-06-06T16:47:30.700Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0916",
                    "external_id": "M0916"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.110Z",
            "name": "Vulnerability Scanning",
            "description": "Vulnerability scanning is used to find potentially exploitable software vulnerabilities to remediate them.",
            "labels": [
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - RA-5"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-20T17:01:38.562Z",
            "name": "Authorization Enforcement",
            "description": "The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies.  Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector  (Citation: International Electrotechnical Commission July 2020), while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. (Citation: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers January 2014)",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 2.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 2.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800",
                    "external_id": "M0800"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers January 2014",
                    "description": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2014, January 1686-2013 - IEEE Standard for Intelligent Electronic Devices Cyber Security Capabilities Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://standards.ieee.org/standard/1686-2013.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "International Electrotechnical Commission July 2020",
                    "description": "International Electrotechnical Commission 2020, July 17 IEC 62351 - Power systems management and associated information exchange - Data and communications security Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/6912"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--e57ebc6d-785f-40c8-adb1-b5b5e09b3b48",
            "created": "2019-06-06T16:50:58.767Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918",
                    "external_id": "M0918"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.298Z",
            "name": "User Account Management",
            "description": "Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 1.3",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 1.3",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-2"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--f0f5c87a-a58d-440a-b3b5-ca679d98c6dd",
            "created": "2019-06-06T21:16:18.709Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0811",
                    "external_id": "M0811"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.475Z",
            "name": "Redundancy of Service",
            "description": "Redundancy could be provided for both critical ICS devices and services, such as back-up devices or hot-standbys.",
            "labels": [
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - CP-9"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "created": "2019-06-06T20:54:49.964Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0922",
                    "external_id": "M0922"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.651Z",
            "name": "Restrict File and Directory Permissions",
            "description": "Restrict access by setting directory and file permissions that are not specific to users or privileged accounts.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 2.1",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 2.1",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - AC-6"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--facb8840-ebe7-49f1-b464-8ef6c8131e21",
            "created": "2019-07-19T14:40:23.529Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0954",
                    "external_id": "M0954"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:33.833Z",
            "name": "Software Configuration",
            "description": "Implement configuration changes to software (other than the operating system) to mitigate security risks associated with how the software operates.",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 7.7",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 7.7",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - CM-7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--faf2b40e-5981-433f-aa46-17458e0026f7",
            "created": "2019-06-11T17:08:33.055Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0949",
                    "external_id": "M0949"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "NCCIC August 2018",
                    "description": "NCCIC 2018, August 2 Recommended Practice: Updating Antivirus in an Industrial Control System Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/Recommended%20Practice%20Updating%20Antivirus%20in%20an%20Industrial%20Control%20System_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:34.009Z",
            "name": "Antivirus/Antimalware",
            "description": "Use signatures or heuristics to detect malicious software.  Within industrial control environments, antivirus/antimalware installations should be limited to assets that are not involved in critical or real-time operations. To minimize the impact to system availability, all products should first be validated within a representative test environment before deployment to production systems. (Citation: NCCIC August 2018)",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 3.2",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 3.2",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 - SI-3",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SI-3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "course-of-action",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "course-of-action--fce6866f-9a87-4d3e-a73c-f02d8937fe0e",
            "created": "2020-09-11T16:32:21.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0806",
                    "external_id": "M0806"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA March 2010",
                    "description": "CISA 2010, March Securing Wireless Networks Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory April 2019",
                    "description": "DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory 2019, April Radio Frequency Detection, Spectrum Analysis, and Direction Finding Equipment Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/saver-msr-rf-detection_cod-508_10july2019.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:34.172Z",
            "name": "Minimize Wireless Signal Propagation",
            "description": "Wireless signals frequently propagate outside of organizational boundaries, which provide opportunities for adversaries to monitor or gain unauthorized access to the wireless network. (Citation: CISA March 2010) To minimize this threat, organizations should implement measures to detect, understand, and reduce unnecessary RF propagation. (Citation: DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory April 2019)",
            "labels": [
                "IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - SR 1.6",
                "IEC 62443-4-2:2019 - CR 1.6",
                "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 - SC-40"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--00e7d565-9883-4ee5-b642-8fd17fd6a3f5",
            "created": "2021-02-12T20:07:42.883Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0605",
                    "external_id": "S0605"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "EKANS",
                    "description": "(Citation: Dragos EKANS)(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 EKANS)(Citation: FireEye Ransomware Feb 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SNAKEHOSE",
                    "description": "(Citation: FireEye Ransomware Feb 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos EKANS",
                    "description": "Dragos. (2020, February 3). EKANS Ransomware and ICS Operations. Retrieved February 9, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/blog/industry-news/ekans-ransomware-and-ics-operations/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Palo Alto Unit 42 EKANS",
                    "description": "Hinchliffe, A. Santos, D. (2020, June 26). Threat Assessment: EKANS Ransomware. Retrieved February 9, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/threat-assessment-ekans-ransomware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye Ransomware Feb 2020",
                    "description": "Zafra, D., et al. (2020, February 24). Ransomware Against the Machine: How Adversaries are Learning to Disrupt Industrial Production by Targeting IT and OT. Retrieved March 2, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/02/ransomware-against-machine-learning-to-disrupt-industrial-production.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:37:51.908Z",
            "name": "EKANS",
            "description": "[EKANS](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0605) is ransomware variant written in Golang that first appeared in mid-December 2019 and has been used against multiple sectors, including energy, healthcare, and automotive manufacturing, which in some cases resulted in significant operational disruptions. [EKANS](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0605) has used a hard-coded kill-list of processes, including some associated with common ICS software platforms (e.g., GE Proficy, Honeywell HMIWeb, etc), similar to those defined in [MegaCortex](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0576).(Citation: Dragos EKANS)(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 EKANS)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "EKANS",
                "SNAKEHOSE"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:59.661Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093",
                    "external_id": "S0093"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021",
                    "description": "Slowik, J. (2021, October). THE BAFFLING BERSERK BEAR: A DECADE\u2019S ACTIVITY TARGETING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE. Retrieved December 6, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://vblocalhost.com/uploads/VB2021-Slowik.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response. (2014, July 7). Dragonfly: Western energy sector targeted by sophisticated attack group. Retrieved September 9, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/dragonfly_threat_against_western_energy_suppliers"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Dragonfly",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response. (2014, June 30). Dragonfly: Cyberespionage Attacks Against Energy Suppliers. Retrieved April 8, 2016.",
                    "url": "https://community.broadcom.com/symantecenterprise/communities/community-home/librarydocuments/viewdocument?DocumentKey=7382dce7-0260-4782-84cc-890971ed3f17&CommunityKey=1ecf5f55-9545-44d6-b0f4-4e4a7f5f5e68&tab=librarydocuments"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:37:53.808Z",
            "name": "Backdoor.Oldrea",
            "description": "[Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) is a modular backdoor that used by [Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) against energy companies since at least 2013. [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) was distributed via supply chain compromise, and included specialized modules to enumerate and map ICS-specific systems, processes, and protocols.(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Backdoor.Oldrea",
                "Havex"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2025-01-02T19:40:26.678Z",
            "name": "Stuxnet",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) was the first publicly reported piece of malware to specifically target industrial control systems devices. [Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) is a large and complex piece of malware that utilized multiple different behaviors including multiple zero-day vulnerabilities, a sophisticated Windows rootkit, and network infection routines.(Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)(Citation: CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-10-272-01)(Citation: ESET Stuxnet Under the Microscope)(Citation: Langer Stuxnet) [Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) was discovered in 2010, with some components being used as early as November 2008.(Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011) ",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.4",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Stuxnet",
                "W32.Stuxnet"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "created": "2020-12-14T17:34:58.457Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603",
                    "external_id": "S0603"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "W32.Stuxnet",
                    "description": "(Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011) "
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-10-272-01",
                    "description": "CISA. (2010, September 10). ICS Advisory (ICSA-10-272-01). Retrieved December 7, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-10-272-01"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Stuxnet Under the Microscope",
                    "description": "Matrosov, A., Rodionov, E., Harley, D., Malcho, J.. (n.d.). Stuxnet Under the Microscope. Retrieved December 7, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://web-assets.esetstatic.com/wls/2012/11/Stuxnet_Under_the_Microscope.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Langer Stuxnet",
                    "description": "Ralph Langner. (2013, November). To Kill a Centrifuge: A Technical Analysis of What Stuxnet's Creators Tried to Achieve. Retrieved December 7, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.langner.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/to-kill-a-centrifuge.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--1d8dccb3-e779-4702-aeb1-6627a22cc585",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:21.973Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0001",
                    "external_id": "S1004"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Win32/Industroyer",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems. Retrieved September 15, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride",
                    "description": "Dragos Inc.. (2017, June 13). Industroyer - Dragos - 201706: Analysis of the Threat to Electic Grid Operations. Retrieved September 18, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CrashOverride-01.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA Alert TA17-163A CrashOverride June 2017",
                    "description": "CISA. (2017, June 12). Alert (TA17-163A). Retrieved October 22, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-163A"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Dragos. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved October 14, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2019, August 15). CRASHOVERRIDE: Reassessing the 2016 Ukraine Electric Power Event as a Protection-Focused Attack. Retrieved October 22, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:54.754Z",
            "name": "Industroyer",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0001) is a sophisticated piece of malware designed to cause an [Impact](https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Impact) to the working processes of Industrial Control Systems (ICS), specifically ICSs used in electrical substations.(Citation: ESET Win32/Industroyer) Industroyer was alleged to be used in the attacks on the Ukrainian power grid in December 2016.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride)(Citation: CISA Alert (TA17-163A))(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2019)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Industroyer",
                "CRASHOVERRIDE"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--242622ca-3903-43d5-8aa0-3bbdaa3020ec",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:59.661Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0005",
                    "external_id": "S1001"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Bad Rabbit Oct 2017",
                    "description": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/10/24/bad-rabbit-not-petya-back/",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/10/24/bad-rabbit-not-petya-back/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kaspersky Bad Rabbit Oct 2017",
                    "description": "Orkhan Mamedov, Fedor Sinitsyn, Anton Ivanov. (2017, October 27). Bad Rabbit Ransomware. Retrieved October 27, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://securelist.com/bad-rabbit-ransomware/82851/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Apr 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2019, April 10). Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments. Retrieved October 27, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:54.935Z",
            "name": "Bad Rabbit",
            "description": "[Bad Rabbit](https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0005) is a self-propagating (\u201cwormable\u201d) ransomware that affected the transportation sector in Ukraine. (Citation: ESET Bad Rabbit Oct 2017)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Bad Rabbit",
                "Diskcoder.D"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2025-01-02T19:45:31.402Z",
            "name": "Bad Rabbit",
            "description": "[Bad Rabbit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0606) is a self-propagating ransomware that affected the Ukrainian transportation sector in 2017. [Bad Rabbit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0606) has also targeted organizations and consumers in Russia. (Citation: Secure List Bad Rabbit)(Citation: ESET Bad Rabbit)(Citation: Dragos Apr 2019)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Bad Rabbit",
                "Win32/Diskcoder.D"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--2eaa5319-5e1e-4dd7-bbc4-566fced3964a",
            "created": "2021-02-09T14:35:39.455Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0606",
                    "external_id": "S0606"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Apr 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2019, April 10). Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments. Retrieved October 27, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Bad Rabbit",
                    "description": "M.L\u00e9veille, M-E.. (2017, October 24). Bad Rabbit: Not\u2011Petya is back with improved ransomware. Retrieved January 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/10/24/bad-rabbit-not-petya-back/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secure List Bad Rabbit",
                    "description": "Mamedov, O. Sinitsyn, F.  Ivanov, A.. (2017, October 24). Bad Rabbit ransomware. Retrieved January 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://securelist.com/bad-rabbit-ransomware/82851/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--496bff4d-0700-4b28-b06f-f30a63002be7",
            "created": "2019-03-26T15:02:14.907Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0010",
                    "external_id": "S1008"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wired W32.Stuxnet Dossier Feb 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien. (2011, February). W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4). Retrieved September 22, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.wired.com/images_blogs/threatlevel/2010/11/w32_stuxnet_dossier.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec W32.Stuxnet Writeup",
                    "description": "Jarrad Shearer. (n.d.). W32.Stuxnet Writeup. Retrieved October 22, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.symantec.com/security-center/writeup/2010-071400-3123-99"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-10-238-01B Stuxnet January 2014",
                    "description": "CISA. (2014, January 08). Stuxnet Malware Mitigation (Update B). Retrieved October 22, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-10-238-01B"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SCADAhacker Stuxnet Mitigation Jan 2014",
                    "description": "Joel Langill. (2014, January 21). Stuxnet Mitigation. Retrieved October 22, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://scadahacker.com/resources/stuxnet-mitigation.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Langer Stuxnet Analysis Nov 2013",
                    "description": "Ralph Langner. (2013, November). To Kill a Centrifuge: A Technical Analysis of What Stuxnet's Creators Tried to Achieve. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.langner.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/to-kill-a-centrifuge.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.125Z",
            "name": "Stuxnet",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0010) was the first publicly reported piece of malware to specifically target industrial control systems devices. Stuxnet is a large and complex piece of malware that utilized multiple different complex tactics including multiple zero-day vulnerabilites, a sophisticated Windows rootkit, and network infection routines.(Citation: Wired W32.Stuxnet Dossier Feb 2011)(Citation: Symantec W32.Stuxnet Writeup)(Citation: CISA ICS Advisory (ICSA-10-238-01B))(Citation: SCADAhacker Stuxnet Mitigation Jan 2014)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Stuxnet"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--49c04994-1035-4b58-89b7-cf8956e3b423",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:59.661Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0012",
                    "external_id": "S1003"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Malware Shuts Down German Nuclear Power Plant on Chernobyl's 30th Anniversary",
                    "description": "Catalin Cimpanu. (2016, April 26). Malware Shuts Down German Nuclear Power Plant on Chernobyl's 30th Anniversary. Retrieved October 14, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://news.softpedia.com/news/on-chernobyl-s-30th-anniversary-malware-shuts-down-german-nuclear-power-plant-503429.shtml"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Conficker Jun 2015",
                    "description": "Symantec. (2015, June 30). Simple steps to protect yourself from the Conficker Worm. Retrieved December 5, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://support.symantec.com/us/en/article.tech93179.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.301Z",
            "name": "Conficker",
            "description": "[Conficker](https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0012) is a computer worm that targets Microsoft Windows and was first detected in November 2008. It targets a vulnerability (MS08-067) in Windows OS software and dictionary attacks on administrator passwords to propagate while forming a botnet. Conficker made its way onto computers and removable disk drives in a nuclear power plant. (Citation: Malware Shuts Down German Nuclear Power Plant on Chernobyl's 30th Anniversary)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Conficker",
                "Downadup",
                "Kido"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "created": "2019-03-26T15:02:14.907Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006",
                    "external_id": "S1006"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf 2016 PLC-Blaster Retrieved. 2019/06/06 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:24.423Z",
            "name": "PLC-Blaster",
            "description": "[PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006) is a piece of proof-of-concept malware that runs on Siemens S7 PLCs. This worm locates other Siemens S7 PLCs on the network and attempts to infect them.  Once this worm has infected its target and attempted to infect other devices on the network, the worm can then run one of many modules. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016) (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf 2016) ",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "PLC-Blaster"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-06T14:08:40.134Z",
            "name": "BlackEnergy",
            "description": "[BlackEnergy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0089) is a malware toolkit that has been used by both criminal and APT actors. It dates back to at least 2007 and was originally designed to create botnets for use in conducting Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, but its use has evolved to support various plug-ins. It is well known for being used during the confrontation between Georgia and Russia in 2008, as well as in targeting Ukrainian institutions. Variants include BlackEnergy 2 and BlackEnergy 3. (Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.4",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "BlackEnergy",
                "Black Energy"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--54cc1d4f-5c53-4f0e-9ef5-11b4998e82e4",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:57.807Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0089",
                    "external_id": "S0089"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014",
                    "description": "F-Secure Labs. (2014). BlackEnergy & Quedagh: The convergence of crimeware and APT attacks. Retrieved March 24, 2016.",
                    "url": "https://blog-assets.f-secure.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/15163408/BlackEnergy_Quedagh.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--5719af9d-6b16-46f9-9b28-fb019541ddbb",
            "created": "2019-03-26T15:02:14.907Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368",
                    "external_id": "S0368"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ExPetr",
                    "description": "(Citation: ESET Telebots June 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Diskcoder.C",
                    "description": "(Citation: ESET Telebots June 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "GoldenEye",
                    "description": "(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nyetya",
                    "description": "(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Petrwrap",
                    "description": "(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)(Citation: ESET Telebots June 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Telebots June 2017",
                    "description": "Cherepanov, A.. (2017, June 30). TeleBots are back: Supply chain attacks against Ukraine. Retrieved June 11, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/06/30/telebots-back-supply-chain-attacks-against-ukraine/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Talos Nyetya June 2017",
                    "description": "Chiu, A. (2016, June 27). New Ransomware Variant \"Nyetya\" Compromises Systems Worldwide. Retrieved March 26, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2017/06/worldwide-ransomware-variant.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020",
                    "description": "Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US-CERT NotPetya 2017",
                    "description": "US-CERT. (2017, July 1). Alert (TA17-181A): Petya Ransomware. Retrieved March 15, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-181A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:09.202Z",
            "name": "NotPetya",
            "description": "[NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) is malware that was used by [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) in a worldwide attack starting on June 27, 2017. While [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) appears as a form of ransomware, its main purpose was to destroy data and disk structures on compromised systems; the attackers never intended to make the encrypted data recoverable. As such, [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) may be more appropriately thought of as a form of wiper malware. [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) contains worm-like features to spread itself across a computer network using the SMBv1 exploits EternalBlue and EternalRomance.(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)(Citation: ESET Telebots June 2017)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "NotPetya",
                "ExPetr",
                "Diskcoder.C",
                "GoldenEye",
                "Petrwrap",
                "Nyetya"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--58eddbaf-7416-419a-ad7b-e65b9d4c3b55",
            "created": "2021-02-23T20:50:32.845Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0608",
                    "external_id": "S0608"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kido",
                    "description": "(Citation: SANS Conficker) "
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Downadup",
                    "description": "(Citation: SANS Conficker) "
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SANS Conficker",
                    "description": "Burton, K. (n.d.). The Conficker Worm. Retrieved February 18, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200125132645/https://www.sans.org/security-resources/malwarefaq/conficker-worm"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Conficker Nuclear Power Plant",
                    "description": "Cimpanu, C. (2016, April 26). Malware Shuts Down German Nuclear Power Plant on Chernobyl's 30th Anniversary. Retrieved February 18, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://news.softpedia.com/news/on-chernobyl-s-30th-anniversary-malware-shuts-down-german-nuclear-power-plant-503429.shtml"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:10.239Z",
            "name": "Conficker",
            "description": "[Conficker](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0608) is a computer worm first detected in October 2008 that targeted Microsoft Windows using the MS08-067 Windows vulnerability to spread.(Citation: SANS Conficker) In 2016, a variant of [Conficker](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0608) made its way on computers and removable disk drives belonging to a nuclear power plant.(Citation: Conficker Nuclear Power Plant)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Conficker",
                "Kido",
                "Downadup"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-17T20:05:34.648Z",
            "name": "LockerGoga",
            "description": "[LockerGoga](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0372) is ransomware that was first reported in January 2019, and has been tied to various attacks on European companies, including industrial and manufacturing firms.(Citation: Unit42 LockerGoga 2019)(Citation: CarbonBlack LockerGoga 2019)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Joe Slowik - Dragos"
            ],
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "LockerGoga"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--5af7a825-2d9f-400d-931a-e00eb9e27f48",
            "created": "2019-04-16T19:00:49.435Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0372",
                    "external_id": "S0372"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CarbonBlack LockerGoga 2019",
                    "description": "CarbonBlack Threat Analysis Unit. (2019, March 22). TAU Threat Intelligence Notification \u2013 LockerGoga Ransomware. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.carbonblack.com/2019/03/22/tau-threat-intelligence-notification-lockergoga-ransomware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Unit42 LockerGoga 2019",
                    "description": "Harbison, M. (2019, March 26). Born This Way? Origins of LockerGoga. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/born-this-way-origins-of-lockergoga/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--6108f800-10b8-4090-944e-be579f01263d",
            "created": "2019-03-26T15:02:14.907Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1010",
                    "external_id": "S1010"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Carl Hurd March 2019",
                    "description": "Carl Hurd 2019, March 26 VPNFilter Deep Dive Retrieved. 2019/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuZazP22rpI"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "NCSC CISA Cyclops Blink Advisory February 2022",
                    "description": "NCSC, CISA, FBI, NSA. (2022, February 23). New Sandworm malware Cyclops Blink replaces VPNFilter. Retrieved March 3, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/joint-advisory-shows-new-sandworm-malware-cyclops-blink-replaces-vpnfilter"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "William Largent June 2018",
                    "description": "William Largent 2018, June 06 VPNFilter Update - VPNFilter exploits endpoints, targets new devices Retrieved. 2019/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/06/vpnfilter-update.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:46:34.471Z",
            "name": "VPNFilter",
            "description": "[VPNFilter](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1010) is a multi-stage, modular platform with versatile capabilities to support both intelligence-collection and destructive cyber attack operations. [VPNFilter](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1010) modules such as its packet sniffer ('ps') can collect traffic that passes through an infected device, allowing the theft of website credentials and monitoring of Modbus SCADA protocols. (Citation: William Largent June 2018) (Citation: Carl Hurd March 2019) [VPNFilter](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1010) was assessed to be replaced by [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) with [Cyclops Blink](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0687) starting in 2019.(Citation: NCSC CISA Cyclops Blink Advisory February 2022)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Network Devices",
                "Linux"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "VPNFilter"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--68dca94f-c11d-421e-9287-7c501108e18c",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:31.188Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038",
                    "external_id": "S0038"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec W32.Duqu",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response. (2011, November). W32.Duqu: The precursor to the next Stuxnet. Retrieved September 17, 2015.",
                    "url": "https://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/w32_duqu_the_precursor_to_the_next_stuxnet.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:14.352Z",
            "name": "Duqu",
            "description": "[Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) is a malware platform that uses a modular approach to extend functionality after deployment within a target network. (Citation: Symantec W32.Duqu)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Duqu"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:20:45.556Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072",
                    "external_id": "S1072"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Blackhat ESET",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, Robert Lipovsky. (2022, August). Industroyer2: Sandworm's Cyberwarfare Targets Ukraine's Power Grid. Retrieved April 6, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xC9iM5wVedQ"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:14.728Z",
            "name": "Industroyer2",
            "description": "[Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) is a compiled and static piece of malware that has the ability to communicate over the IEC-104 protocol. It is similar to the IEC-104 module found in [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604). Security researchers assess that [Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) was designed to cause impact to high-voltage electrical substations. The initial [Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) sample was compiled on 03/23/2022 and scheduled to execute on 04/08/2022, however it was discovered before deploying, resulting in no impact.(Citation: Industroyer2 Blackhat ESET)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED",
                "Engineering Workstation"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Industroyer2"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--736a3b71-eccc-48b7-b5ed-adb2b74ca830",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:21.973Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0016",
                    "external_id": "S1005"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET BlackEnergy Jan 2016",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov. (n.d.). BlackEnergy by the SSHBearDoor: attacks against Ukrainian news media and electric industry. Retrieved October 29, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2016/01/03/blackenergy-sshbeardoor-details-2015-attacks-ukrainian-news-media-electric-industry/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (n.d.). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved October 22, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.503Z",
            "name": "Killdisk",
            "description": "In 2015 the BlackEnergy malware contained a component called KillDisk. KillDisk's main functionality is to overwrite files with random data, rendering the OS unbootable. (Citation: ESET BlackEnergy Jan 2016)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Killdisk"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-12-09T02:29:13.859Z",
            "name": "WannaCry",
            "description": "[WannaCry](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0366) is ransomware that was first seen in a global attack during May 2017, which affected more than 150 countries. It contains worm-like features to spread itself across a computer network using the SMBv1 exploit EternalBlue.(Citation: LogRhythm WannaCry)(Citation: US-CERT WannaCry 2017)(Citation: Washington Post WannaCry 2017)(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Jan Miller, CrowdStrike"
            ],
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "WannaCry",
                "WanaCry",
                "WanaCrypt",
                "WanaCrypt0r",
                "WCry"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--75ecdbf1-c2bb-4afc-a3f9-c8da4de8c661",
            "created": "2019-03-25T17:30:17.004Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0366",
                    "external_id": "S0366"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "WanaCrypt0r",
                    "description": "(Citation: LogRhythm WannaCry)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "WCry",
                    "description": "(Citation: LogRhythm WannaCry)(Citation: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "WanaCry",
                    "description": "(Citation: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "WanaCrypt",
                    "description": "(Citation: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye WannaCry 2017",
                    "description": "Berry, A., Homan, J., and Eitzman, R. (2017, May 23). WannaCry Malware Profile. Retrieved March 15, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/05/wannacry-malware-profile.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis",
                    "description": "Counter Threat Unit Research Team. (2017, May 18). WCry Ransomware Analysis. Retrieved March 26, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/wcry-ransomware-analysis"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Washington Post WannaCry 2017",
                    "description": "Dwoskin, E. and Adam, K. (2017, May 14). More than 150 countries affected by massive cyberattack, Europol says. Retrieved March 25, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/more-than-150-countries-affected-by-massive-cyberattack-europol-says/2017/05/14/5091465e-3899-11e7-9e48-c4f199710b69_story.html?utm_term=.7fa16b41cad4"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "LogRhythm WannaCry",
                    "description": "Noerenberg, E., Costis, A., and Quist, N. (2017, May 16). A Technical Analysis of WannaCry Ransomware. Retrieved December 8, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230522041200/https://logrhythm.com/blog/a-technical-analysis-of-wannacry-ransomware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US-CERT WannaCry 2017",
                    "description": "US-CERT. (2017, May 12). Alert (TA17-132A): Indicators Associated With WannaCry Ransomware. Retrieved March 25, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-132A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-04-17T16:12:43.754Z",
            "name": "Triton",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) is an attack framework built to interact with Triconex Safety Instrumented System (SIS) controllers.(Citation: Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer December 2017)(Citation: Dragos December 2017)(Citation: DHS CISA February 2019)(Citation: Schneider Electric January 2018)(Citation: Julian Gutmanis March 2019)(Citation: Schneider December 2018)(Citation: Jos Wetzels January 2018)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Triton",
                "TRISIS",
                "HatMan"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "created": "2019-03-26T15:02:14.907Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009",
                    "external_id": "S1009"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer December 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer 2017, December 14 Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework TRITON and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS CISA February 2019",
                    "description": "DHS CISA 2019, February 27 MAR-17-352-01 HatManSafety System Targeted Malware (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/MAR-17-352-01%20HatMan%20-%20Safety%20System%20Targeted%20Malware%20%28Update%20B%29.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos December 2017",
                    "description": "Dragos 2017, December 13 TRISIS Malware Analysis of Safety System Targeted Malware Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/trisis/TRISIS-01.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels January 2018",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels 2018, January 16 Analyzing the TRITON industrial malware Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.midnightbluelabs.com/blog/2018/1/16/analyzing-the-triton-industrial-malware"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Julian Gutmanis March 2019",
                    "description": "Julian Gutmanis 2019, March 11 Triton - A Report From The Trenches Retrieved. 2019/03/11 ",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XwSJ8hloGvY"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Schneider December 2018",
                    "description": "Schneider 2018, December 14 Security Notification  EcoStruxure Triconex Tricon V3 Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_enDocType=Technical+leaflet&p_File_Name=SEVD-2017-347-01+Triconex+V3.pdf&p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2017-347-01"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Schneider Electric January 2018",
                    "description": "Schneider Electric 2018, January 23 TRITON - Schneider Electric Analysis and Disclosure Retrieved. 2019/03/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f09E75bWvkk&index=3&list=PL8OWO1qWXF4qYG19p7An4Vw3N2YZ86aRS&t=0s"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--89ab0ca5-f7e0-4d16-bf2a-17d68117fa4b",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:59.661Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0004",
                    "external_id": "S1002"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (n.d.). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved October 22, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.679Z",
            "name": "BlackEnergy 3",
            "description": "[BlackEnergy 3](https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0004) is a malware toolkit that has been used by both criminal and APT actors. It support various plug-ins including a variant of KillDisk. It is known to have been used against the Ukrainian power grid. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "BlackEnergy 3"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-09-12T14:43:31.224Z",
            "name": "Fuxnet",
            "description": "[Fuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157) is malware designed to impact the industrial network infrastructure managing control system sensors for utility operations in Moscow. [Fuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157) is linked to an entity referred to as the Blackjack hacking group, which is assessed to be linked to Ukrainian intelligence services.(Citation: Claroty Fuxnet 2024)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Input/Output Server",
                "Control Server"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Sharon Brizinov, Claroty Team82 Research"
            ],
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Fuxnet"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--931e2489-8078-4f9f-85b2-a9211950e75b",
            "created": "2024-09-11T22:47:34.585Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157",
                    "external_id": "S1157"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Claroty Fuxnet 2024",
                    "description": "Team82. (2024, April 12). Unpacking the Blackjack Group's Fuxnet Malware. Retrieved September 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://claroty.com/team82/research/unpacking-the-blackjack-groups-fuxnet-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--9e3c9495-5fbd-4676-b3ac-ddecceb57b8f",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:28:31.188Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0017",
                    "external_id": "S0017"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Forbes Snake Ransomware June 2020",
                    "description": "Davey Winder. (2020, June 10). Honda Hacked: Japanese Car Giant Confirms Cyber Attack On Global Operations. Retrieved April 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.forbes.com/sites/daveywinder/2020/06/10/honda-hacked-japanese-car-giant-confirms-cyber-attack-on-global-operations-snake-ransomware/?sh=2725c35753ad"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "MalwareByes Honda and Enel Ransomware June 2020",
                    "description": "MalwareBytes. (2020, June 09). Honda and Enel impacted by cyber attack suspected to be ransomware. Retrieved April 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/threat-analysis/2020/06/honda-and-enel-impacted-by-cyber-attack-suspected-to-be-ransomware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos EKANS February 2020",
                    "description": "Dragos Threat Intelligence. (2020, February 03). EKANS Ransomware and ICS Operations. Retrieved April 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/blog/industry-news/ekans-ransomware-and-ics-operations/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye OT Ransomware July 2020",
                    "description": "Nathan Brubaker, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Keith Lunden, Ken Proska, Corey Hildebrandt. (2020, July 15). Financially Motivated Actors Are Expanding Access Into OT: Analysis of Kill Lists That Include OT Processes Used With Seven Malware Families. Retrieved April 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/07/financially-motivated-actors-are-expanding-access-into-ot.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Pylos January 2020",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2020, January 28). Getting the Story Right, and Why It Matters. Retrieved April 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://pylos.co/2020/01/28/getting-the-story-right-and-why-it-matters/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos EKANS June 2020",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2020, June 18). EKANS Ransomware Misconceptions and Misunderstandings. Retrieved April 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/blog/industry-news/ekans-ransomware-misconceptions-and-misunderstandings/#_edn7"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:55.859Z",
            "name": "EKANS",
            "description": "[EKANS](https://collaborate.mitre.org/attackics/index.php/Software/S0017) is ransomware that was first seen December 2019 and later reported to have impacted operations at Honda automotive production facilities.(Citation: Forbes Snake Ransomware June 2020)(Citation: MalwareByes Honda and Enel Ransomware June 2020)(Citation: Dragos EKANS February 2020) EKANS has a hard-coded kill-list of processes, including some associated with common ICS software platforms (e.g., GE Proficy historian, Honeywell HMIWeb).(Citation: Dragos EKANS February 2020) If the malware discovers these processes on the target system, it will stop, encrypt, and rename the process to prevent the program from restarting. This malware should not be confused with the \u201cSnake\u201d malware associated with the Turla group. The ICS processes documented within the malware\u2019s kill-list is similar to those defined by the MEGACORTEX software.(Citation: FireEye OT Ransomware July 2020)(Citation: Pylos January 2020)(Citation: Dragos EKANS June 2020)The ransomware was initially reported as \u201cSnake\u201d, however, to avoid confusion with the unrelated Turla APT group security researchers spelled it backwards as EKANS.",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "EKANS",
                "SNAKEHOSE"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--a020a61c-423f-4195-8c46-ba1d21abba37",
            "created": "2020-05-13T20:14:53.171Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0446",
                    "external_id": "S0446"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Ryuk",
                    "description": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019) (Citation: Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL) "
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL",
                    "description": "Abrams, L. (2021, January 14). Ryuk Ransomware Uses Wake-on-Lan To Encrypt Offline Devices. Retrieved February 11, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/ryuk-ransomware-uses-wake-on-lan-to-encrypt-offline-devices/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019",
                    "description": "Goody, K., et al (2019, January 11). A Nasty Trick: From Credential Theft Malware to Business Disruption. Retrieved May 12, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/01/a-nasty-trick-from-credential-theft-malware-to-business-disruption.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019",
                    "description": "Hanel, A. (2019, January 10). Big Game Hunting with Ryuk: Another Lucrative Targeted Ransomware. Retrieved May 12, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/big-game-hunting-with-ryuk-another-lucrative-targeted-ransomware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019",
                    "description": "McKeague, B. et al. (2019, April 5). Pick-Six: Intercepting a FIN6 Intrusion, an Actor Recently Tied to Ryuk and LockerGoga Ransomware. Retrieved April 17, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/04/pick-six-intercepting-a-fin6-intrusion.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-22T22:21:23.589Z",
            "name": "Ryuk",
            "description": "[Ryuk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0446) is a ransomware designed to target enterprise environments that has been used in attacks since at least 2018. [Ryuk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0446) shares code similarities with Hermes ransomware.(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019)(Citation: FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019)(Citation: FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.4",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Matt Brenton, Zurich Insurance Group",
                "The DFIR Report"
            ],
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Ryuk"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--a4a98eab-b691-45d9-8c48-869ef8fefd57",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:59.661Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1000",
                    "external_id": "S1000"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET",
                    "description": "ESET   ACAD/Medre.A: 10000s of AutoCAD Designs Leaked in Suspected Industrial Espionage Retrieved. 2021/04/13 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/200x/white-papers/ESET_ACAD_Medre_A_whitepaper.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:25.077Z",
            "name": "ACAD/Medre.A",
            "description": "[ACAD/Medre.A](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1000) is a worm that steals operational information. The worm collects AutoCAD files with drawings. [ACAD/Medre.A](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1000) has the capability to be used for industrial espionage.(Citation: ESET)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "ACAD/Medre.A"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "created": "2020-08-04T15:06:14.796Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496",
                    "external_id": "S0496"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sodin",
                    "description": "(Citation: Intel 471 REvil March 2020)(Citation: Kaspersky Sodin July 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sodinokibi",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks REvil September 2019)(Citation: Intel 471 REvil March 2020)(Citation: G Data Sodinokibi June 2019)(Citation: Kaspersky Sodin July 2019)(Citation: Cylance Sodinokibi July 2019)(Citation: Secureworks GandCrab and REvil September 2019)(Citation: Talos Sodinokibi April 2019)(Citation: McAfee Sodinokibi October 2019)(Citation: McAfee REvil October 2019)(Citation: Picus Sodinokibi January 2020)(Citation: Secureworks REvil September 2019)(Citation: Tetra Defense Sodinokibi March 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Talos Sodinokibi April 2019",
                    "description": "Cadieux, P, et al (2019, April 30). Sodinokibi ransomware exploits WebLogic Server vulnerability. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2019/04/sodinokibi-ransomware-exploits-weblogic.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks REvil September 2019",
                    "description": "Counter Threat Unit Research Team. (2019, September 24). REvil/Sodinokibi Ransomware. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/revil-sodinokibi-ransomware"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Cylance Sodinokibi July 2019",
                    "description": "Cylance. (2019, July 3). hreat Spotlight: Sodinokibi Ransomware. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://threatvector.cylance.com/en_us/home/threat-spotlight-sodinokibi-ransomware.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Group IB Ransomware May 2020",
                    "description": "Group IB. (2020, May). Ransomware Uncovered: Attackers\u2019 Latest Methods. Retrieved August 5, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.group-ib.com/whitepapers/ransomware-uncovered.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "G Data Sodinokibi June 2019",
                    "description": "Han, Karsten. (2019, June 4). Strange Bits: Sodinokibi Spam, CinaRAT, and Fake G DATA. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.gdatasoftware.com/blog/2019/06/31724-strange-bits-sodinokibi-spam-cinarat-and-fake-g-data"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Intel 471 REvil March 2020",
                    "description": "Intel 471 Malware Intelligence team. (2020, March 31). REvil Ransomware-as-a-Service \u2013 An analysis of a ransomware affiliate operation. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://intel471.com/blog/revil-ransomware-as-a-service-an-analysis-of-a-ransomware-affiliate-operation/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kaspersky Sodin July 2019",
                    "description": "Mamedov, O, et al. (2019, July 3). Sodin ransomware exploits Windows vulnerability and processor architecture. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://securelist.com/sodin-ransomware/91473/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "McAfee Sodinokibi October 2019",
                    "description": "McAfee. (2019, October 2). McAfee ATR Analyzes Sodinokibi aka REvil Ransomware-as-a-Service \u2013 What The Code Tells Us. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/other-blogs/mcafee-labs/mcafee-atr-analyzes-sodinokibi-aka-revil-ransomware-as-a-service-what-the-code-tells-us/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Picus Sodinokibi January 2020",
                    "description": "Ozarslan, S. (2020, January 15). A Brief History of Sodinokibi. Retrieved August 5, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.picussecurity.com/blog/a-brief-history-and-further-technical-analysis-of-sodinokibi-ransomware"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "McAfee REvil October 2019",
                    "description": "Saavedra-Morales, J, et al. (2019, October 20). McAfee ATR Analyzes Sodinokibi aka REvil Ransomware-as-a-Service \u2013 Crescendo. Retrieved August 5, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/other-blogs/mcafee-labs/mcafee-atr-analyzes-sodinokibi-aka-revil-ransomware-as-a-service-crescendo/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks GandCrab and REvil September 2019",
                    "description": "Secureworks . (2019, September 24). REvil: The GandCrab Connection. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/blog/revil-the-gandcrab-connection"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Tetra Defense Sodinokibi March 2020",
                    "description": "Tetra Defense. (2020, March). CAUSE AND EFFECT: SODINOKIBI RANSOMWARE ANALYSIS. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210414101816/https://tetradefense.com/incident-response-services/cause-and-effect-sodinokibi-ransomware-analysis/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-22T02:14:27.600Z",
            "name": "REvil",
            "description": "[REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) is a ransomware family that has been linked to the [GOLD SOUTHFIELD](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0115) group and operated as ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) since at least April 2019. [REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496), which as been used against organizations in the manufacturing, transportation, and electric sectors, is highly configurable and shares code similarities with the GandCrab RaaS.(Citation: Secureworks REvil September 2019)(Citation: Intel 471 REvil March 2020)(Citation: Group IB Ransomware May 2020)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.3",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Edward Millington"
            ],
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "REvil",
                "Sodin",
                "Sodinokibi"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-11-20T23:33:20.890Z",
            "name": "FrostyGoop",
            "description": "[FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) is a Windows-based binary written in Golang that allows for interaction with industrial control system (ICS) equipment via Modbus TCP over port 502. [FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) allows for reading and writing data to holding registers on targeted devices, manipulating the operation of systems for malicious purposes. [FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) is associated with the [FrostyGoop Incident](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0041) in Ukraine.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)(Citation: Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Control Server",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "FrostyGoop",
                "BUSTLEBERM"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--b34df04a-9d30-4d84-a03f-0d536ee19a05",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:02:16.588Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165",
                    "external_id": "S1165"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "BUSTLEBERM",
                    "description": "(Citation: Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024",
                    "description": "Nozomi Networks Labs. (2024, July 24). Cyberwarfare Targeting OT: Protecting Against FrostyGoop/BUSTLEBERM Malware. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/protecting-against-frostygoop-bustleberm-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:07:40.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045",
                    "external_id": "S1045"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "PIPEDREAM",
                    "description": "(Citation: Dragos-Pipedream)(Citation: Wylie-22)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA-AA22-103A",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2022, May 25). Alert (AA22-103A) APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-103a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos-Pipedream",
                    "description": "DRAGOS. (2022, April 13). Pipedream: Chernovite\u2019s Emerging Malware Targeting Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/116-Whitepapers/Dragos_ChernoviteWP_v2b.pdf?hsLang=en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Brubaker-Incontroller",
                    "description": "Nathan Brubaker, Keith Lunden, Ken Proska, Muhammad Umair, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Corey Hildebrandt, Rob Caldwell. (2022, April 13). INCONTROLLER: New State-Sponsored Cyber Attack Tools Target Multiple Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/incontroller-state-sponsored-ics-tool"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Schneider-Incontroller",
                    "description": "Schneider Electric. (2022, April 14). Schneider Electric Security Bulletin: \u201cAPT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices\u201d . Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SESB-2022-01"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:25.242Z",
            "name": "INCONTROLLER",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) is custom malware that includes multiple modules tailored towards ICS devices and technologies, including Schneider Electric and Omron PLCs as well as OPC UA, Modbus, and CODESYS protocols. [INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) has the ability to discover specific devices, download logic on the devices, and exploit platform-specific vulnerabilities. As of September 2022, some security researchers assessed [INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) was developed by CHERNOVITE.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A)(Citation: Brubaker-Incontroller)(Citation: Dragos-Pipedream)(Citation: Schneider-Incontroller)(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED",
                "Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay",
                "Engineering Workstation",
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Jimmy Wylie, Dragos, Inc."
            ],
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "INCONTROLLER",
                "PIPEDREAM"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-06T14:09:52.833Z",
            "name": "KillDisk",
            "description": "[KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) is a disk-wiping tool designed to overwrite files with random data to render the OS unbootable. It was first observed as a component of [BlackEnergy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0089) malware during cyber attacks against Ukraine in 2015. [KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) has since evolved into stand-alone malware used by a variety of threat actors against additional targets in Europe and Latin America; in 2016 a ransomware component was also incorporated into some [KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) variants.(Citation: KillDisk Ransomware)(Citation: ESEST Black Energy Jan 2016)(Citation: Trend Micro KillDisk 1)(Citation: Trend Micro KillDisk 2)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "KillDisk",
                "Win32/KillDisk.NBI",
                "Win32/KillDisk.NBH",
                "Win32/KillDisk.NBD",
                "Win32/KillDisk.NBC",
                "Win32/KillDisk.NBB"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
            "created": "2021-01-20T18:05:07.059Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607",
                    "external_id": "S0607"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "KillDisk Ransomware",
                    "description": "Catalin Cimpanu. (2016, December 29). KillDisk Disk-Wiping Malware Adds Ransomware Component. Retrieved January 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/killdisk-disk-wiping-malware-adds-ransomware-component/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESEST Black Energy Jan 2016",
                    "description": "Cherepanov, A.. (2016, January 3). BlackEnergy by the SSHBearDoor: attacks against Ukrainian news media and electric industry. Retrieved May 18, 2016.",
                    "url": "http://www.welivesecurity.com/2016/01/03/blackenergy-sshbeardoor-details-2015-attacks-ukrainian-news-media-electric-industry/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Trend Micro KillDisk 1",
                    "description": "Fernando Merces, Byron Gelera, Martin Co. (2018, June 7). KillDisk Variant Hits Latin American Finance Industry. Retrieved January 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/18/f/new-killdisk-variant-hits-latin-american-financial-organizations-again.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Trend Micro KillDisk 2",
                    "description": "Gilbert Sison, Rheniel Ramos, Jay Yaneza, Alfredo Oliveira. (2018, January 15). KillDisk Variant Hits Latin American Financial Groups. Retrieved January 12, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/18/a/new-killdisk-variant-hits-financial-organizations-in-latin-america.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-04-11T16:06:34.700Z",
            "name": "Industroyer",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) is a sophisticated malware framework designed to cause an impact to the working processes of Industrial Control Systems (ICS), specifically components used in electrical substations.(Citation: ESET Industroyer) [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) was used in the attacks on the Ukrainian power grid in December 2016.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2017) This is the first publicly known malware specifically designed to target and impact operations in the electric grid.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence",
                "Joe Slowik - Dragos"
            ],
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Industroyer",
                "CRASHOVERRIDE",
                "Win32/Industroyer"
            ],
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "created": "2021-01-04T20:42:21.997Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604",
                    "external_id": "S0604"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CRASHOVERRIDE",
                    "description": "(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Win32/Industroyer",
                    "description": "(Citation: ESET Industroyer)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Industroyer",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2017",
                    "description": "Dragos Inc.. (2017, June 13). CRASHOVERRIDE Analysis of the Threat to Electric Grid Operations. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/crashoverride/CrashOverride-01.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "malware",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "malware--ff6840c9-4c87-4d07-bbb6-9f50aa33d498",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:21.973Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0143",
                    "external_id": "S0143"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Flame",
                    "description": "(Citation: Kaspersky Flame)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "sKyWIper",
                    "description": "(Citation: Kaspersky Flame) (Citation: Crysys Skywiper)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Flamer",
                    "description": "(Citation: Kaspersky Flame) (Citation: Symantec Beetlejuice)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kaspersky Flame",
                    "description": "Gostev, A. (2012, May 28). The Flame: Questions and Answers. Retrieved March 1, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://securelist.com/the-flame-questions-and-answers-51/34344/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Crysys Skywiper",
                    "description": "sKyWIper Analysis Team. (2012, May 31). sKyWIper (a.k.a. Flame a.k.a. Flamer):  A complex malware for targeted attacks. Retrieved September 6, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.crysys.hu/publications/files/skywiper.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Beetlejuice",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response. (2012, May 31). Flamer: A Recipe for Bluetoothache. Retrieved February 25, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/flamer-recipe-bluetoothache"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:38:46.014Z",
            "name": "Flame",
            "description": "[Flame](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0143) is a sophisticated toolkit that has been used to collect information since at least 2010, largely targeting Middle East countries. (Citation: Kaspersky Flame)",
            "is_family": true,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_aliases": [
                "Flame",
                "Flamer",
                "sKyWIper"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--298fe907-7931-4fd2-8131-2814dd493134",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0107",
                    "external_id": "TA0107"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:21.065Z",
            "name": "Inhibit Response Function",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.\n\nInhibit Response Function consists of techniques that adversaries use to hinder the safeguards put in place for processes and products. This may involve the inhibition of safety, protection, quality assurance, or operator intervention functions to disrupt safeguards that aim to prevent the loss of life, destruction of equipment, and disruption of production. These techniques aim to actively deter and prevent expected alarms and responses that arise due to statuses in the ICS environment. Adversaries may modify or update system logic, or even outright prevent responses with a denial-of-service. They may result in the prevention, destruction, manipulation, or modification of programs, logic, devices, and communications. As prevention functions are generally dormant, reporting and processing functions can appear fine, but may have been altered to prevent failure responses in dangerous scenarios. Unlike [Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0103), Inhibit Response Function techniques may be more intrusive, such as actively preventing responses to a known dangerous scenario. Adversaries may use these techniques to follow through with or provide cover for [Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0105) techniques.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "inhibit-response-function"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--33752ae7-f875-4f43-bdb6-d8d02d341046",
            "created": "2021-04-10T17:32:33.899Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0111",
                    "external_id": "TA0111"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:21.215Z",
            "name": "Privilege Escalation",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to gain higher-level permissions.\n\nPrivilege Escalation consists of techniques that adversaries use to gain higher-level permissions on a system or network. Adversaries can often enter and explore a network with unprivileged access but require elevated permissions to follow through on their objectives. Common approaches are to take advantage of system weaknesses, misconfigurations, and vulnerabilities.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "privilege-escalation"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--51c25a9e-8615-40c0-8afd-1da578847924",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0109",
                    "external_id": "TA0109"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:21.394Z",
            "name": "Lateral Movement",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to move through your ICS environment.\n\nLateral Movement consists of techniques that adversaries use to enter and control remote systems on a network. These techniques abuse default credentials, known accounts, and vulnerable services, and may also leverage dual-homed devices and systems that reside on both the IT and OT networks. The adversary uses these techniques to pivot to their next point in the environment, positioning themselves to where they want to be or think they should be. Following through on their primary objective often requires [Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0102) of the network and [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0100) to develop awareness of unique ICS devices and processes, in order to find their target and subsequently gain access to it. Reaching this objective often involves pivoting through multiple systems, devices, and accounts. Adversaries may install their own remote tools to accomplish Lateral Movement or leverage default tools, programs, and manufacturer set or other legitimate credentials native to the network, which may be stealthier.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "lateral-movement"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--696af733-728e-49d7-8261-75fdc590f453",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0102",
                    "external_id": "TA0102"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:28.358Z",
            "name": "Discovery",
            "description": "The adversary is locating information to assess and identify their targets in your environment.\n\nDiscovery consists of techniques that adversaries use to survey your ICS environment and gain knowledge about the internal network, control system devices, and how their processes interact. These techniques help adversaries observe the environment and determine next steps for target selection and Lateral Movement. They also allow adversaries to explore what they can control and gain insight on interactions between various control system processes. Discovery techniques are often an act of progression into the environment which enable the adversary to orient themselves before deciding how to act. Adversaries may use Discovery techniques that result in Collection, to help determine how available resources benefit their current objective. A combination of native device communications and functions, and custom tools are often used toward this post-compromise information-gathering objective.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "discovery"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--69da72d2-f550-41c5-ab9e-e8255707f28a",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0108",
                    "external_id": "TA0108"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:28.727Z",
            "name": "Initial Access",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to get into your ICS environment.\n\nInitial Access consists of techniques that adversaries may use as entry vectors to gain an initial foothold within an ICS environment. These techniques include compromising operational technology assets, IT resources in the OT network, and external remote services and websites. They may also target third party entities and users with privileged access. In particular, these initial access footholds may include devices and communication mechanisms with access to and privileges in both the IT and OT environments. IT resources in the OT environment are also potentially vulnerable to the same attacks as enterprise IT systems. Trusted third parties of concern may include vendors, maintenance personnel, engineers, external integrators, and other outside entities involved in expected ICS operations. Vendor maintained assets may include physical devices, software, and operational equipment. Initial access techniques may also leverage outside devices, such as radios, controllers, or removable media, to remotely interfere with and possibly infect OT operations.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "initial-access"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--77542f83-70d0-40c2-8a9d-ad2eb8b00279",
            "created": "2019-03-14T18:44:44.639Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0105",
                    "external_id": "TA0105"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:21.936Z",
            "name": "Impact",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.\n\nImpact consists of techniques that adversaries use to disrupt, compromise, destroy, and manipulate the integrity and availability of control system operations, processes, devices, and data. These techniques encompass the influence and effects resulting from adversarial efforts to attack the ICS environment or that tangentially impact it. Impact techniques can result in more instantaneous disruption to control processes and the operator, or may result in more long term damage or loss to the ICS environment and related operations. The adversary may leverage [Impair Process Control](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0106) techniques, which often manifest in more self-revealing impacts on operations, or [Impair Process Control](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0106) techniques to hinder safeguards and alarms in order to follow through with and provide cover for Impact. In some scenarios, control system processes can appear to function as expected, but may have been altered to benefit the adversary\u2019s goal over the course of a longer duration. These techniques might be used by adversaries to follow through on their end goal or to provide cover for a confidentiality breach.\n\n[Loss of Productivity and Revenue](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0828), [Theft of Operational Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0882), and [Damage to Property](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0879) are meant to encompass some of the more granular goals of adversaries in targeted and untargeted attacks. These techniques in and of themselves are not necessarily detectable, but the associated adversary behavior can potentially be mitigated and/or detected.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "impact"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--78f1d2ae-a579-44c4-8fc5-3e1775c73fac",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0110",
                    "external_id": "TA0110"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:29.269Z",
            "name": "Persistence",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment.\n\nPersistence consists of techniques that adversaries use to maintain access to ICS systems and devices across restarts, changed credentials, and other interruptions that could cut off their access. Techniques used for persistence include any access, action, or configuration changes that allow them to secure their ongoing activity and keep their foothold on systems. This may include replacing or hijacking legitimate code, firmware, and other project files, or adding startup code and downloading programs onto devices.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "persistence"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--93bf9a8e-b14c-4587-b6d5-9efc7c12eb45",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0104",
                    "external_id": "TA0104"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:22.274Z",
            "name": "Execution",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to run code or manipulate system functions, parameters, and data in an unauthorized way.\n\nExecution consists of techniques that result in adversary-controlled code running on a local or remote system, device, or other asset. This execution may also rely on unknowing end users or the manipulation of device operating modes to run. Adversaries may infect remote targets with programmed executables or malicious project files that operate according to specified behavior and may alter expected device behavior in subtle ways. Commands for execution may also be issued from command-line interfaces, APIs, GUIs, or other available interfaces. Techniques that run malicious code may also be paired with techniques from other tactics, particularly to aid network [Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0102) and [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0100), impact operations, and inhibit response functions.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "execution"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--97c8ff73-bd14-4b6c-ac32-3d91d2c41e3f",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0101",
                    "external_id": "TA0101"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:29.812Z",
            "name": "Command and Control",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to communicate with and control compromised systems, controllers, and platforms with access to your ICS environment.\n\nCommand and Control consists of techniques that adversaries use to communicate with and send commands to compromised systems, devices, controllers, and platforms with specialized applications used in ICS environments. Examples of these specialized communication devices include human machine interfaces (HMIs), data historians, SCADA servers, and engineering workstations (EWS). Adversaries often seek to use commonly available resources and mimic expected network traffic to avoid detection and suspicion. For instance, commonly used ports and protocols in ICS environments, and even expected IT resources, depending on the target network. Command and Control may be established to varying degrees of stealth, often depending on the victim\u2019s network structure and defenses.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "command-and-control"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--b2a67b1e-913c-46f6-b219-048a90560bb9",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0100",
                    "external_id": "TA0100"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:22.653Z",
            "name": "Collection",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to gather data of interest and domain knowledge on your ICS environment to inform their goal.\n\nCollection consists of techniques adversaries use to gather domain knowledge and obtain contextual feedback in an ICS environment. This tactic is often performed as part of [Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0102), to compile data on control systems and targets of interest that may be used to follow through on the adversary\u2019s objective. Examples of these techniques include observing operation states, capturing screenshots, identifying unique device roles, and gathering system and diagram schematics. Collection of this data can play a key role in planning, executing, and even revising an ICS-targeted attack. Methods of collection depend on the categories of data being targeted, which can include protocol specific, device specific, and process specific configurations and functionality. Information collected may pertain to a combination of system, supervisory, device, and network related data, which conceptually fall under high, medium, and low levels of plan operations. For example, information repositories on plant data at a high level or device specific programs at a low level. Sensitive floor plans, vendor device manuals, and other references may also be at risk and exposed on the internet or otherwise publicly accessible.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "collection"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--ddf70682-f3ce-479c-a9a4-7eadf9bfead7",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0103",
                    "external_id": "TA0103"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:39:30.353Z",
            "name": "Evasion",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to avoid security defenses.\n\nEvasion consists of techniques that adversaries use to avoid technical defenses throughout their campaign. Techniques used for evasion include removal of indicators of compromise, spoofing communications, and exploiting software vulnerabilities. Adversaries may also leverage and abuse trusted devices and processes to hide their activity, possibly by masquerading as master devices or native software. Methods of defense evasion for this purpose are often more passive in nature.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "evasion"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-tactic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-tactic--ff048b6c-b872-4218-b68c-3735ebd1f024",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0106",
                    "external_id": "TA0106"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:23.006Z",
            "name": "Impair Process Control",
            "description": "The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.\n\nImpair Process Control consists of techniques that adversaries use to disrupt control logic and cause determinantal effects to processes being controlled in the target environment. Targets of interest may include active procedures or parameters that manipulate the physical environment. These techniques can also include prevention or manipulation of reporting elements and control logic. If an adversary has modified process functionality, then they may also obfuscate the results, which are often self-revealing in their impact on the outcome of a product or the environment. The direct physical control these techniques exert may also threaten the safety of operators and downstream users, which can prompt response mechanisms. Adversaries may follow up with or use [Inhibit Response Function](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0107) techniques in tandem, to assist with the successful abuse of control processes to result in [Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0105).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_shortname": "impair-process-control"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0803",
                    "external_id": "T0803"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011",
                    "description": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011 A Taxonomy of Cyber Attacks on SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6142258"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems March 2016",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems 2016, March 18 Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt36c2e63521272fdc/blt6a77276749b76a40/607f235992f0063e5c070fff/E-ISAC_SANS_Ukraine_DUC_5%5b73%5d.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:01.218Z",
            "name": "Block Command Message",
            "description": "Adversaries may block a command message from reaching its intended target to prevent command execution. In OT networks, command messages are sent to provide instructions to control system devices. A blocked command message can inhibit response functions from correcting a disruption or unsafe condition. (Citation: Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011)  (Citation: Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems March 2016)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0881",
                    "external_id": "T0881"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK Enterprise ATT&CK   Service Stop Retrieved. 2019/10/29  Service Stop Retrieved. 2019/10/29 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:03.170Z",
            "name": "Service Stop",
            "description": "Adversaries may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users. Stopping critical services can inhibit or stop response to an incident or aid in the adversary's overall objectives to cause damage to the environment. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK)  Services may not allow for modification of their data stores while running. Adversaries may stop services in order to conduct Data Destruction. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836",
                    "external_id": "T0836"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.077Z",
            "name": "Modify Parameter",
            "description": "Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.      \n\nAn adversary can potentially modify these parameters to produce an outcome outside of what was intended by the operators. By modifying system and process critical parameters, the adversary may cause [Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0105) to equipment and/or control processes. Modified parameters may be turned into dangerous, out-of-bounds, or unexpected values from typical operations. For example, specifying that a process run for more or less time than it should, or dictating an unusually high, low, or invalid value as a parameter.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impair-process-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.3"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0821",
                    "external_id": "T0821"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2013",
                    "description": "IEC 2013, February 20 IEC 61131-3:2013  Programmable controllers - Part 3: Programming languages Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/4552"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.230Z",
            "name": "Modify Controller Tasking",
            "description": "Adversaries may modify the tasking of a controller to allow for the execution of their own programs. This can allow an adversary to manipulate the execution flow and behavior of a controller. \n\nAccording to 61131-3, the association of a Task with a Program Organization Unit (POU) defines a task association. (Citation: IEC February 2013) An adversary may modify these associations or create new ones to manipulate the execution flow of a controller. Modification of controller tasking can be accomplished using a Program Download in addition to other types of program modification such as online edit and program append.\n\nTasks have properties, such as interval, frequency and priority to meet the requirements of program execution. Some controller vendors implement tasks with implicit, pre-defined properties whereas others allow for these properties to be formulated explicitly. An adversary may associate their program with tasks that have a higher priority or execute associated programs more frequently. For instance, to ensure cyclic execution of their program on a Siemens controller, an adversary may add their program to the task, Organization Block 1 (OB1).",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--0fe075d5-beac-4d02-b93e-0f874997db72",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0887",
                    "external_id": "T0887"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bastille April 2017",
                    "description": "Bastille 2017, April 17 Dallas Siren Attack Retrieved. 2020/11/06 ",
                    "url": "https://www.bastille.net/blogs/2017/4/17/dallas-siren-attack"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Candell, R., Hany, M., Lee, K. B., Liu,Y., Quimby, J., Remley, K. April 2018",
                    "description": "Candell, R., Hany, M., Lee, K. B., Liu,Y., Quimby, J., Remley, K. 2018, April Guide to Industrial Wireless Systems Deployments Retrieved. 2020/12/01 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ams/NIST.AMS.300-4.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Gallagher, S. April 2017",
                    "description": "Gallagher, S. 2017, April 12 Pirate radio: Signal spoof set off Dallas emergency sirens, not network hack Retrieved. 2020/12/01 ",
                    "url": "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/04/dallas-siren-hack-used-radio-signals-to-spoof-alarm-says-city-manager/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.392Z",
            "name": "Wireless Sniffing",
            "description": "Adversaries may seek to capture radio frequency (RF) communication used for remote control and reporting in distributed environments. RF communication frequencies vary between 3 kHz to 300 GHz, although are commonly between 300 MHz to 6 GHz. (Citation: Candell, R., Hany, M., Lee, K. B., Liu,Y., Quimby, J., Remley, K. April 2018)  The wavelength and frequency of the signal affect how the signal propagates through open air, obstacles (e.g. walls and trees) and the type of radio required to capture them. These characteristics are often standardized in the protocol and hardware and may have an effect on how the signal is captured. Some examples of wireless protocols that may be found in cyber-physical environments are: WirelessHART, Zigbee, WIA-FA, and 700 MHz Public Safety Spectrum. \n\nAdversaries may capture RF communications by using specialized hardware, such as software defined radio (SDR), handheld radio, or a computer with radio demodulator tuned to the communication frequency. (Citation: Bastille April 2017) Information transmitted over a wireless medium may be captured in-transit whether the sniffing device is the intended destination or not. This technique may be particularly useful to an adversary when the communications are not encrypted. (Citation: Gallagher, S. April 2017) \n\nIn the 2017 Dallas Siren incident, it is suspected that adversaries likely captured wireless command message broadcasts on a 700 MHz frequency during a regular test of the system. These messages were later replayed to trigger the alarm systems. (Citation: Gallagher, S. April 2017)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "ICSCoE Japan"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0829",
                    "external_id": "T0829"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Corero",
                    "description": "Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://www.corero.com/resources/files/whitepapers/cns_whitepaper_ics.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee",
                    "description": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee SANS Industrial Control System (ICS) Security; The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved 2024/11/25",
                    "url": "https://icscsi.org/library/Documents/White_Papers/SANS%20-%20ICS%20Cyber%20Kill%20Chain.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Tyson Macaulay",
                    "description": "Tyson Macaulay Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04  The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved. 2019/11/04  RIoT Control: Understanding and Managing Risks and the Internet of Things Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=oXIYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA249&lpg=PA249&dq=loss+denial+manipulation+of+view&source=bl&ots=dV1uQ8IUff&sig=ACfU3U2NIwGjhg051D_Ytw6npyEk9xcf4w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2wJ7y4tDlAhVmplkKHSTaDnQQ6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=loss%20denial%20manipulation%20of%20view&f=false"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:08.228Z",
            "name": "Loss of View",
            "description": "Adversaries may cause a sustained or permanent loss of view where the ICS equipment will require local, hands-on operator intervention; for instance, a restart or manual operation. By causing a sustained reporting or visibility loss, the adversary can effectively hide the present state of operations. This loss of view can occur without affecting the physical processes themselves. (Citation: Corero) (Citation: Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee) (Citation: Tyson Macaulay)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0800",
                    "external_id": "T0800"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:44.679Z",
            "name": "Activate Firmware Update Mode",
            "description": "Adversaries may activate firmware update mode on devices to prevent expected response functions from engaging in reaction to an emergency or process malfunction. For example, devices such as protection relays may have an operation mode designed for firmware installation. This mode may halt process monitoring and related functions to allow new firmware to be loaded. A device left in update mode may be placed in an inactive holding state if no firmware is provided to it. By entering and leaving a device in this mode, the adversary may deny its usual functionalities.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Joe Slowik - Dragos"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "revoked": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": ""
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0831",
                    "external_id": "T0831"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bruce Schneier January 2008",
                    "description": "Bruce Schneier 2008, January 17 Hacking Polish Trams Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2008/01/hacking_the_pol.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "John Bill May 2017",
                    "description": "John Bill 2017, May 12 Hacked Cyber Security Railways Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.londonreconnections.com/2017/hacked-cyber-security-railways/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Shelley Smith February 2008",
                    "description": "Shelley Smith 2008, February 12 Teen Hacker in Poland Plays Trains and Derails City Tram System Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://inhomelandsecurity.com/teen_hacker_in_poland_plays_tr/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.752Z",
            "name": "Manipulation of Control",
            "description": "Adversaries may manipulate physical process control within the industrial environment. Methods of manipulating control can include changes to set point values, tags, or other parameters. Adversaries may manipulate control systems devices or possibly leverage their own, to communicate with and command physical control processes. The duration of manipulation may be temporary or longer sustained, depending on operator detection.   \n\nMethods of Manipulation of Control include: \n\n* Man-in-the-middle  \n* Spoof command message \n* Changing setpoints  \n\nA Polish student used a remote controller device to interface with the Lodz city tram system in Poland. (Citation: John Bill May 2017) (Citation: Shelley Smith February 2008) (Citation: Bruce Schneier January 2008) Using this remote, the student was able to capture and replay legitimate tram signals. As a consequence, four trams were derailed and twelve people injured due to resulting emergency stops. (Citation: Shelley Smith February 2008) The track controlling commands issued may have also resulted in tram collisions, a further risk to those on board and nearby the areas of impact. (Citation: Bruce Schneier January 2008)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0814",
                    "external_id": "T0814"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Common Weakness Enumeration January 2019",
                    "description": "Common Weakness Enumeration 2019, January 03 CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption Retrieved. 2019/03/14 ",
                    "url": "http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/400.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT April 2017",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2017, April 18 CS Alert (ICS-ALERT-17-102-01A) BrickerBot Permanent Denial-of-Service Attack Retrieved. 2019/10/24 ",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-17-102-01A"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT August 2018",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2018, August 27 Advisory (ICSA-15-202-01) - Siemens SIPROTEC Denial-of-Service Vulnerability Retrieved. 2019/03/14 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-15-202-01"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "MITRE March 2018",
                    "description": "MITRE 2018, March 22 CVE-2015-5374 Retrieved. 2019/03/14 ",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5374"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:10.656Z",
            "name": "Denial of Service",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks to disrupt expected device functionality. Examples of DoS attacks include overwhelming the target device with a high volume of requests in a short time period and sending the target device a request it does not know how to handle. Disrupting device state may temporarily render it unresponsive, possibly lasting until a reboot can occur. When placed in this state, devices may be unable to send and receive requests, and may not perform expected response functions in reaction to other events in the environment. \n\nSome ICS devices are particularly sensitive to DoS events, and may become unresponsive in reaction to even a simple ping sweep. Adversaries may also attempt to execute a Permanent Denial-of-Service (PDoS) against certain devices, such as in the case of the BrickerBot malware. (Citation: ICS-CERT April 2017) \n\nAdversaries may exploit a software vulnerability to cause a denial of service by taking advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. Vulnerabilities may exist in software that can be used to cause a denial of service condition. \n\nAdversaries may have prior knowledge about industrial protocols or control devices used in the environment through [Remote System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0888). There are examples of adversaries remotely causing a [Device Restart/Shutdown](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0816) by exploiting a vulnerability that induces uncontrolled resource consumption. (Citation: ICS-CERT August 2018) (Citation: Common Weakness Enumeration January 2019) (Citation: MITRE March 2018) ",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0805",
                    "external_id": "T0805"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:10.923Z",
            "name": "Block Serial COM",
            "description": "Adversaries may block access to serial COM to prevent instructions or configurations from reaching target devices. Serial Communication ports (COM) allow communication with control system devices. Devices can receive command and configuration messages over such serial COM. Devices also use serial COM to send command and reporting messages. Blocking device serial COM may also block command messages and block reporting messages. \n\nA serial to Ethernet converter is often connected to a serial COM to facilitate communication between serial and Ethernet devices. One approach to blocking a serial COM would be to create and hold open a TCP session with the Ethernet side of the converter. A serial to Ethernet converter may have a few ports open to facilitate multiple communications. For example, if there are three serial COM available -- 1, 2 and 3 --, the converter might be listening on the corresponding ports 20001, 20002, and 20003. If a TCP/IP connection is opened with one of these ports and held open, then the port will be unavailable for use by another party. One way the adversary could achieve this would be to initiate a TCP session with the serial to Ethernet converter at 10.0.0.1 via Telnet on serial port 1 with the following command: telnet 10.0.0.1 20001.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:16:15.016Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0894",
                    "external_id": "T0894"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "GTFO split",
                    "description": "GTFOBins. (2020, November 13). split. Retrieved April 18, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/split/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "LOLBAS Project",
                    "description": "Oddvar Moe et al. (2022, February).  Living Off The Land Binaries, Scripts and Libraries. Retrieved March 7, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://github.com/LOLBAS-Project/LOLBAS#criteria"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "split man page",
                    "description": "Torbjorn Granlund, Richard M. Stallman. (2020, March null). split(1) \u2014 Linux manual page. Retrieved March 25, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/split.1.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:11.559Z",
            "name": "System Binary Proxy Execution",
            "description": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system. (Citation: LOLBAS Project) Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as split to proxy execution of malicious commands. (Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)\n\nAdversaries may abuse application binaries installed on a system for proxy execution of malicious code or domain-specific commands. These commands could be used to target local resources on the device or networked devices within the environment through defined APIs ([Execution through API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0871)) or application-specific programming languages (e.g., MicroSCADA SCIL). Application binaries may be signed by the developer or generally trusted by the operators, analysts, and monitoring tools accustomed to the environment. These applications may be developed and/or directly provided by the device vendor to enable configuration, management, and operation of their devices without many alternatives. \n\nAdversaries may seek to target these trusted application binaries to execute or send commands without the development of custom malware. For example, adversaries may target a SCADA server binary which has the existing ability to send commands to substation devices, such as through IEC 104 command messages. Proxy execution may still require the development of custom tools to hook into the application binary\u2019s execution.\n\n",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "evasion"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--23270e54-1d68-4c3b-b763-b25607bcef80",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0850",
                    "external_id": "T0850"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:31.492Z",
            "name": "Role Identification",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform role identification of devices involved with physical processes of interest in a target control system. Control systems devices often work in concert to control a physical process. Each device can have one or more roles that it performs within that control process. By collecting this role-based data, an adversary can construct a more targeted attack.\n\nFor example, a power generation plant may have unique devices such as one that monitors power output of a generator and another that controls the speed of a turbine. Examining devices roles allows the adversary to observe how the two devices work together to monitor and control a physical process. Understanding the role of a target device can inform the adversary's decision on what action to take, in order to cause Impact and influence or disrupt the integrity of operations. Furthermore, an adversary may be able to capture control system protocol traffic. By studying this traffic, the adversary may be able to determine which devices are outstations, and which are masters. Understanding of master devices and their role within control processes can enable the use of Rogue Master Device",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Human-Machine Interface",
                "Control Server",
                "Data Historian",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0807",
                    "external_id": "T0807"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK 2018, January 11 Command-Line Interface Retrieved. 2018/05/17 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/wiki/Technique/T1059"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.069Z",
            "name": "Command-Line Interface",
            "description": "Adversaries may utilize command-line interfaces (CLIs) to interact with systems and execute commands. CLIs provide a means of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many types of platforms and devices within control systems environments. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018) Adversaries may also use CLIs to install and run new software, including malicious tools that may be installed over the course of an operation.\n\nCLIs are typically accessed locally, but can also be exposed via services, such as SSH, Telnet, and RDP.  Commands that are executed in the CLI execute with the current permissions level of the process running the terminal emulator, unless the command specifies a change in permissions context. Many controllers have CLI interfaces for management purposes.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0861",
                    "external_id": "T0861"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dennis L. Sloatman September 2016",
                    "description": "Dennis L. Sloatman 2016, September 16 Understanding PLC Programming Methods and the Tag Database System Retrieved. 2017/12/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.radioworld.com/industry/understanding-plc-programming-methods-and-the-tag-database-system"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.231Z",
            "name": "Point & Tag Identification",
            "description": "Adversaries may collect point and tag values to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the process environment. Points may be values such as inputs, memory locations, outputs or other process specific variables. (Citation: Dennis L. Sloatman September 2016) Tags are the identifiers given to points for operator convenience. \n\nCollecting such tags provides valuable context to environmental points and enables an adversary to map inputs, outputs, and other values to their control processes. Understanding the points being collected may inform an adversary on which processes and values to keep track of over the course of an operation.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Jos Wetzels - Midnight Blue"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0816",
                    "external_id": "T0816"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.395Z",
            "name": "Device Restart/Shutdown",
            "description": "Adversaries may forcibly restart or shutdown a device in an ICS environment to disrupt and potentially negatively impact physical processes. Methods of device restart and shutdown exist in some devices as built-in, standard functionalities. These functionalities can be executed using interactive device web interfaces, CLIs, and network protocol commands.\n\nUnexpected restart or shutdown of control system devices may prevent expected response functions happening during critical states.\n\nA device restart can also be a sign of malicious device modifications, as many updates require a shutdown in order to take effect.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0863",
                    "external_id": "T0863"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014",
                    "description": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002718.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA21-201A Pipeline Intrusion July 2021",
                    "description": "Department of Justice (DOJ), DHS Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) 2021, July 20 Chinese Gas Pipeline Intrusion Campaign, 2011 to 2013 Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/AA21-201A_Chinese_Gas_Pipeline_Intrusion_Campaign_2011_to_2013%20(1).pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:15.054Z",
            "name": "User Execution",
            "description": "Adversaries may rely on a targeted organizations user interaction for the execution of malicious code. User interaction may consist of installing applications, opening email attachments, or granting higher permissions to documents. \n\nAdversaries may embed malicious code or visual basic code into files such as Microsoft Word and Excel documents or software installers. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton) Execution of this code requires that the user enable scripting or write access within the document. Embedded code may not always be noticeable to the user especially in cases of trojanized software. (Citation: Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014) \n\nA Chinese spearphishing campaign running from December 9, 2011 through February 29, 2012 delivered malware through spearphishing attachments which required user action to achieve execution. (Citation: CISA AA21-201A Pipeline Intrusion July 2021)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0860",
                    "external_id": "T0860"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Alexander Bolshev March 2014",
                    "description": "Alexander Bolshev 2014, March 11 S4x14: HART As An Attack Vector Retrieved November 17, 2024. ",
                    "url": "https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/17-bolshev-1-13/32178888"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Alexander Bolshev, Gleb Cherbov July 2014",
                    "description": "Alexander Bolshev, Gleb Cherbov 2014, July 08 ICSCorsair: How I will PWN your ERP through 4-20 mA current loop Retrieved. 2020/01/05 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-14/materials/us-14-Bolshev-ICSCorsair-How-I-Will-PWN-Your-ERP-Through-4-20mA-Current-Loop-WP.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bruce Schneier January 2008",
                    "description": "Bruce Schneier 2008, January 17 Hacking Polish Trams Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2008/01/hacking_the_pol.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "John Bill May 2017",
                    "description": "John Bill 2017, May 12 Hacked Cyber Security Railways Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.londonreconnections.com/2017/hacked-cyber-security-railways/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Shelley Smith February 2008",
                    "description": "Shelley Smith 2008, February 12 Teen Hacker in Poland Plays Trains and Derails City Tram System Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://inhomelandsecurity.com/teen_hacker_in_poland_plays_tr/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:15.610Z",
            "name": "Wireless Compromise",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform wireless compromise as a method of gaining communications and unauthorized access to a wireless network. Access to a wireless network may be gained through the compromise of a wireless device. (Citation: Alexander Bolshev, Gleb Cherbov July 2014) (Citation: Alexander Bolshev March 2014) Adversaries may also utilize radios and other wireless communication devices on the same frequency as the wireless network. Wireless compromise can be done as an initial access vector from a remote distance. \n\nA Polish student used a modified TV remote controller to gain access to and control over the Lodz city tram system in Poland. (Citation: John Bill May 2017) (Citation: Shelley Smith February 2008) The remote controller device allowed the student to interface with the trams network to modify track settings and override operator control. The adversary may have accomplished this by aligning the controller to the frequency and amplitude of IR control protocol signals. (Citation: Bruce Schneier January 2008) The controller then enabled initial access to the network, allowing the capture and replay of tram signals. (Citation: John Bill May 2017)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Scott Dougherty"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0858",
                    "external_id": "T0858"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Machine Information Systems 2007",
                    "description": "Machine Information Systems 2007 How PLCs Work Retrieved. 2021/01/28 ",
                    "url": "http://www.machine-information-systems.com/How_PLCs_Work.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "N.A. October 2017",
                    "description": "N.A. 2017, October What are the different operating modes in PLC? Retrieved. 2021/01/28 ",
                    "url": "https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-the-different-operating-modes-in-plc/2489"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Omron",
                    "description": "Omron Machine Information Systems 2007 How PLCs Work Retrieved. 2021/01/28  PLC Different Operating Modes Retrieved. 2021/01/28 ",
                    "url": "https://www.omron-ap.com/service_support/FAQ/FAQ00002/index.asp#:~:text=In%20PROGRAM%20mode%2C%20the%20CPU,can%20be%20created%20or%20modified."
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "PLCgurus 2021",
                    "description": "PLCgurus 2021 PLC Basics  Modes Of Operation Retrieved. 2021/01/28 ",
                    "url": "https://www.plcgurus.net/plc-basics/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.583Z",
            "name": "Change Operating Mode",
            "description": "Adversaries may change the operating mode of a controller to gain additional access to engineering functions such as Program Download.   Programmable controllers typically have several modes of operation that control the state of the user program and control access to the controllers API. Operating modes can be physically selected using a key switch on the face of the controller but may also be selected with calls to the controllers API. Operating modes and the mechanisms by which they are selected often vary by vendor and product line. Some commonly implemented operating modes are described below:  \n\n* Program - This mode must be enabled before changes can be made to a devices program. This allows program uploads and downloads between the device and an engineering workstation. Often the PLCs logic Is halted, and all outputs may be forced off. (Citation: N.A. October 2017)  \n* Run - Execution of the devices program occurs in this mode. Input and output (values, points, tags, elements, etc.) are monitored and used according to the programs logic. [Program Upload](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0845) and [Program Download](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0843) are disabled while in this mode. (Citation: Omron) (Citation: Machine Information Systems 2007)  (Citation: N.A. October 2017) (Citation: PLCgurus 2021)   \n* Remote - Allows for remote changes to a PLCs operation mode. (Citation: PLCgurus 2021)    \n* Stop - The PLC and program is stopped, while in this mode, outputs are forced off. (Citation: Machine Information Systems 2007)   \n* Reset - Conditions on the PLC are reset to their original states. Warm resets may retain some memory while cold resets will reset all I/O and data registers. (Citation: Machine Information Systems 2007)   \n* Test / Monitor mode - Similar to run mode, I/O is processed, although this mode allows for monitoring, force set, resets, and more generally tuning or debugging of the system. Often monitor mode may be used as a trial for initialization. (Citation: Omron)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "evasion"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0878",
                    "external_id": "T0878"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels, Marina Krotofil 2019",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels, Marina Krotofil 2019 A Diet of Poisoned Fruit: Designing Implants & OT Payloads for ICS Embedded Devices Retrieved. 2019/11/01 ",
                    "url": "https://troopers.de/downloads/troopers19/TROOPERS19_NGI_IoT_diet_poisoned_fruit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.789Z",
            "name": "Alarm Suppression",
            "description": "Adversaries may target protection function alarms to prevent them from notifying operators of critical conditions. Alarm messages may be a part of an overall reporting system and of particular interest for adversaries. Disruption of the alarm system does not imply the disruption of the reporting system as a whole.\n\nA Secura presentation on targeting OT notes a dual fold goal for adversaries attempting alarm suppression: prevent outgoing alarms from being raised and prevent incoming alarms from being responded to. (Citation: Jos Wetzels, Marina Krotofil 2019) The method of suppression may greatly depend on the type of alarm in question:  \n\n* An alarm raised by a protocol message \n* An alarm signaled with I/O \n* An alarm bit set in a flag (and read) \n\nIn ICS environments, the adversary may have to suppress or contend with multiple alarms and/or alarm propagation to achieve a specific goal to evade detection or prevent intended responses from occurring. (Citation: Jos Wetzels, Marina Krotofil 2019)  Methods of suppression may involve tampering or altering device displays and logs, modifying in memory code to fixed values, or even tampering with assembly level instruction code.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Marina Krotofil",
                "Jos Wetzels - Midnight Blue"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0868",
                    "external_id": "T0868"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Machine Information Systems 2007",
                    "description": "Machine Information Systems 2007 How PLCs Work Retrieved. 2021/01/28 ",
                    "url": "http://www.machine-information-systems.com/How_PLCs_Work.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "N.A. October 2017",
                    "description": "N.A. 2017, October What are the different operating modes in PLC? Retrieved. 2021/01/28 ",
                    "url": "https://forumautomation.com/t/what-are-the-different-operating-modes-in-plc/2489"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Omron",
                    "description": "Omron Machine Information Systems 2007 How PLCs Work Retrieved. 2021/01/28  PLC Different Operating Modes Retrieved. 2021/01/28 ",
                    "url": "https://www.omron-ap.com/service_support/FAQ/FAQ00002/index.asp#:~:text=In%20PROGRAM%20mode%2C%20the%20CPU,can%20be%20created%20or%20modified."
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "PLCgurus 2021",
                    "description": "PLCgurus 2021 PLC Basics  Modes Of Operation Retrieved. 2021/01/28 ",
                    "url": "https://www.plcgurus.net/plc-basics/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:11.972Z",
            "name": "Detect Operating Mode",
            "description": "Adversaries may gather information about a PLCs or controllers current operating mode. Operating modes dictate what change or maintenance functions can be manipulated and are often controlled by a key switch on the PLC (e.g.,  run, prog [program], and remote). Knowledge of these states may be valuable to an adversary to determine if they are able to reprogram the PLC. Operating modes and the mechanisms by which they are selected often vary by vendor and product line. Some commonly implemented operating modes are described below:  \n\n* Program - This mode must be enabled before changes can be made to a devices program. This allows program uploads and downloads between the device and an engineering workstation. Often the PLCs logic Is halted, and all outputs may be forced off. (Citation: N.A. October 2017)  \n* Run - Execution of the devices program occurs in this mode. Input and output (values, points, tags, elements, etc.) are monitored and used according to the programs logic.[Program Upload](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0845) and [Program Download](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0843) are disabled while in this mode. (Citation: Omron) (Citation: Machine Information Systems 2007)  (Citation: N.A. October 2017) (Citation: PLCgurus 2021)   \n* Remote - Allows for remote changes to a PLCs operation mode. (Citation: PLCgurus 2021)    \n* Stop - The PLC and program is stopped, while in this mode, outputs are forced off. (Citation: Machine Information Systems 2007)   \n* Reset - Conditions on the PLC are reset to their original states. Warm resets may retain some memory while cold resets will reset all I/O and data registers. (Citation: Machine Information Systems 2007)   \n* Test / Monitor mode - Similar to run mode, I/O is processed, although this mode allows for monitoring, force set, resets, and more generally tuning or debugging of the system. Often monitor mode may be used as a trial for initialization. (Citation: Omron)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2bb4d762-bf4a-4bc3-9318-15cc6a354163",
            "created": "2021-04-12T07:57:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0837",
                    "external_id": "T0837"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:12.172Z",
            "name": "Loss of Protection",
            "description": "Adversaries may compromise protective system functions designed to prevent the effects of faults and abnormal conditions. This can result in equipment damage, prolonged process disruptions and hazards to personnel. \n\nMany faults and abnormal conditions in process control happen too quickly for a human operator to react to. Speed is critical in correcting these conditions to limit serious impacts such as Loss of Control and Property Damage. \n\nAdversaries may target and disable protective system functions as a prerequisite to subsequent attack execution or to allow for future faults and abnormal conditions to go unchecked. Detection of a Loss of Protection by operators can result in the shutdown of a process due to strict policies regarding protection systems. This can cause a Loss of Productivity and Revenue and may meet the technical goals of adversaries seeking to cause process disruptions.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0801",
                    "external_id": "T0801"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:45.982Z",
            "name": "Monitor Process State",
            "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the physical process state. This information may be used to gain more information about the process itself or used as a trigger for malicious actions. The sources of process state information may vary such as, OPC tags, historian data, specific PLC block information, or network traffic.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "revoked": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": ""
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0853",
                    "external_id": "T0853"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:12.511Z",
            "name": "Scripting",
            "description": "Adversaries may use scripting languages to execute arbitrary code in the form of a pre-written script or in the form of user-supplied code to an interpreter. Scripting languages are programming languages that differ from compiled languages, in that scripting languages use an interpreter, instead of a compiler. These interpreters read and compile part of the source code just before it is executed, as opposed to compilers, which compile each and every line of code to an executable file. Scripting allows software developers to run their code on any system where the interpreter exists. This way, they can distribute one package, instead of precompiling executables for many different systems. Scripting languages, such as Python, have their interpreters shipped as a default with many Linux distributions. \n\nIn addition to being a useful tool for developers and administrators, scripting language interpreters may be abused by the adversary to execute code in the target environment. Due to the nature of scripting languages, this allows for weaponized code to be deployed to a target easily, and leaves open the possibility of on-the-fly scripting to perform a task.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:45:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0888",
                    "external_id": "T0888"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:12.694Z",
            "name": "Remote System Information Discovery",
            "description": "An adversary may attempt to get detailed information about remote systems and their peripherals, such as make/model, role, and configuration. Adversaries may use information from Remote System Information Discovery to aid in targeting and shaping follow-on behaviors. For example, the system's operational role and model information can dictate whether it is a relevant target for the adversary's operational objectives. In addition, the system's configuration may be used to scope subsequent technique usage. \n\nRequests for system information are typically implemented using automation and management protocols and are often automatically requested by vendor software during normal operation. This information may be used to tailor management actions, such as program download and system or module firmware. An adversary may leverage this same information by issuing calls directly to the system's API.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0845",
                    "external_id": "T0845"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:46.293Z",
            "name": "Program Upload",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to upload a program from a PLC to gather information about an industrial process. Uploading a program may allow them to acquire and study the underlying logic. Methods of program upload include vendor software, which enables the user to upload and read a program running on a PLC. This software can be used to upload the target program to a workstation, jump box, or an interfacing device.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "revoked": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": ""
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0819",
                    "external_id": "T0819"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.044Z",
            "name": "Exploit Public-Facing Application",
            "description": "Adversaries may leverage weaknesses to exploit internet-facing software for initial access into an industrial network. Internet-facing software may be user applications, underlying networking implementations, an assets operating system, weak defenses, etc. Targets of this technique may be intentionally exposed for the purpose of remote management and visibility.\n\nAn adversary may seek to target public-facing applications as they may provide direct access into an ICS environment or the ability to move into the ICS network. Publicly exposed applications may be found through online tools that scan the internet for open ports and services. Version numbers for the exposed application may provide adversaries an ability to target specific known vulnerabilities. Exposed control protocol or remote access ports found in Commonly Used Port may be of interest by adversaries.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0811",
                    "external_id": "T0811"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency March 2018",
                    "description": "Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency 2018, March 15 Alert (TA18-074A) Russian Government Cyber Activity Targeting Energy and Other Critical Infrastructure Sectors Retrieved. 2019/10/11 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/TA18-074A"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA21-201A Pipeline Intrusion July 2021",
                    "description": "Department of Justice (DOJ), DHS Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) 2021, July 20 Chinese Gas Pipeline Intrusion Campaign, 2011 to 2013 Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/AA21-201A_Chinese_Gas_Pipeline_Intrusion_Campaign_2011_to_2013%20(1).pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.205Z",
            "name": "Data from Information Repositories",
            "description": "Adversaries may target and collect data from information repositories. This can include sensitive data such as specifications, schematics, or diagrams of control system layouts, devices, and processes. Examples of information repositories include reference databases in the process environment, as well as databases in the corporate network that might contain information about the ICS.(Citation: Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency March 2018)\n\nInformation collected from these systems may provide the adversary with a better understanding of the operational environment, vendors used, processes, or procedures of the ICS.\n\nIn a campaign between 2011 and 2013 against ONG organizations, Chinese state-sponsored actors searched document repositories for specific information such as, system manuals, remote terminal unit (RTU) sites, personnel lists, documents that included the string SCAD*, user credentials, and remote dial-up access information. (Citation: CISA AA21-201A Pipeline Intrusion July 2021)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "created": "2021-10-14T15:25:32.143Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0864",
                    "external_id": "T0864"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "North American Electric Reliability Corporation June 2021",
                    "description": "North American Electric Reliability Corporation 2021, June 28 Glossary of Terms Used in NERC Reliability Standards Retrieved. 2021/10/11 ",
                    "url": "https://www.nerc.com/pa/Stand/Glossary%20of%20Terms/Glossary_of_Terms.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:21.226Z",
            "name": "Transient Cyber Asset",
            "description": "Adversaries may target devices that are transient across ICS networks and external networks. Normally, transient assets are brought into an environment by authorized personnel and do not remain in that environment on a permanent basis. (Citation: North American Electric Reliability Corporation June 2021) Transient assets are commonly needed to support management functions and may be more common in systems where a remotely managed asset is not feasible, external connections for remote access do not exist, or 3rd party contractor/vendor access is required. \n\nAdversaries may take advantage of transient assets in different ways. For instance, adversaries may target a transient asset when it is connected to an external network and then leverage its trusted access in another environment to launch an attack. They may also take advantage of installed applications and libraries that are used by legitimate end-users to interact with control system devices. \n\nTransient assets, in some cases, may not be deployed with a secure configuration leading to weaknesses that could allow an adversary to propagate malicious executable code, e.g., the transient asset may be infected by malware and when connected to an ICS environment the malware propagates onto other systems. ",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0835",
                    "external_id": "T0835"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dr. Kelvin T. Erickson December 2010",
                    "description": "Dr. Kelvin T. Erickson 2010, December Programmable logic controller hardware Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.scribd.com/document/458637574/Programmable-Logic-Controllers"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nanjundaiah, Vaidyanath",
                    "description": "Nanjundaiah, Vaidyanath Dr. Kelvin T. Erickson 2010, December Programmable logic controller hardware Retrieved. 2018/03/29  PLC Ladder Logic Basics Retrieved. 2021/10/11 ",
                    "url": "https://www.ezautomation.net/industry-articles/plc-ladder-logic-basics.htm"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:22.225Z",
            "name": "Manipulate I/O Image",
            "description": "Adversaries may manipulate the I/O image of PLCs through various means to prevent them from functioning as expected. Methods of I/O image manipulation may include overriding the I/O table via direct memory manipulation or using the override function used for testing PLC programs. (Citation: Dr. Kelvin T. Erickson December 2010) During the scan cycle, a PLC reads the status of all inputs and stores them in an image table. (Citation: Nanjundaiah, Vaidyanath) The image table is the PLCs internal storage location where values of inputs/outputs for one scan are stored while it executes the user program. After the PLC has solved the entire logic program, it updates the output image table. The contents of this output image table are written to the corresponding output points in I/O Modules. \n\nOne of the unique characteristics of PLCs is their ability to override the status of a physical discrete input or to override the logic driving a physical output coil and force the output to a desired status.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0842",
                    "external_id": "T0842"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK 2018, January 11 Network Sniffing Retrieved. 2018/05/17 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/wiki/Technique/T1040"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.380Z",
            "name": "Network Sniffing",
            "description": "Network sniffing is the practice of using a network interface on a computer system to monitor or capture information (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018) regardless of whether it is the specified destination for the information. \n\nAn adversary may attempt to sniff the traffic to gain information about the target. This information can vary in the level of importance. Relatively unimportant information is general communications to and from machines.  Relatively important information would be login information. User credentials may be sent over an unencrypted protocol, such as Telnet, that can be captured and obtained through network packet analysis. \n\nIn addition, ARP and Domain Name Service (DNS) poisoning can be used to capture credentials to websites, proxies, and internal systems by redirecting traffic to an adversary.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0851",
                    "external_id": "T0851"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK 2018, January 11 Rootkit Retrieved. 2018/05/16 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/wiki/Technique/T1014"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.542Z",
            "name": "Rootkit",
            "description": "Adversaries may deploy rootkits to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components. Rootkits are programs that hide the existence of malware by intercepting and modifying operating-system API calls that supply system information. Rootkits or rootkit-enabling functionality may reside at the user or kernel level in the operating system, or lower. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018)   \n\nFirmware rootkits that affect the operating system yield nearly full control of the system. While firmware rootkits are normally developed for the main processing board, they can also be developed for the I/O that is attached to an asset. Compromise of this firmware allows the modification of all of the process variables and functions the module engages in. This may result in commands being disregarded and false information being fed to the main device. By tampering with device processes, an adversary may inhibit its expected response functions and possibly enable [Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0105).",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "evasion"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0802",
                    "external_id": "T0802"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:24.843Z",
            "name": "Automated Collection",
            "description": "Adversaries may automate collection of industrial environment information using tools or scripts. This automated collection may leverage native control protocols and tools available in the control systems environment. For example, the OPC protocol may be used to enumerate and gather information. Access to a system or interface with these native protocols may allow collection and enumeration of other attached, communicating servers and devices.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0804",
                    "external_id": "T0804"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011",
                    "description": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011 A Taxonomy of Cyber Attacks on SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6142258"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems March 2016",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems 2016, March 18 Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt36c2e63521272fdc/blt6a77276749b76a40/607f235992f0063e5c070fff/E-ISAC_SANS_Ukraine_DUC_5%5b73%5d.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.771Z",
            "name": "Block Reporting Message",
            "description": "Adversaries may block or prevent a reporting message from reaching its intended target. In control systems, reporting messages contain telemetry data (e.g., I/O values) pertaining to the current state of equipment and the industrial process. By blocking these reporting messages, an adversary can potentially hide their actions from an operator.\n\nBlocking reporting messages in control systems that manage physical processes may contribute to system impact, causing inhibition of a response function. A control system may not be able to respond in a proper or timely manner to an event, such as a dangerous fault, if its corresponding reporting message is blocked. (Citation: Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011)  (Citation: Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems March 2016)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0855",
                    "external_id": "T0855"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Benjamin Freed March 2019",
                    "description": "Benjamin Freed 2019, March 13 Tornado sirens in Dallas suburbs deactivated after being hacked and set off Retrieved. 2020/11/06 ",
                    "url": "https://statescoop.com/tornado-sirens-in-dallas-suburbs-deactivated-after-being-hacked-and-set-off/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011",
                    "description": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011 A Taxonomy of Cyber Attacks on SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6142258"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Zack Whittaker April 2017",
                    "description": "Zack Whittaker 2017, April 12 Dallas' emergency sirens were hacked with a rogue radio signal Retrieved. 2020/11/06 ",
                    "url": "https://www.zdnet.com/article/experts-think-they-know-how-dallas-emergency-sirens-were-hacked/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:13.939Z",
            "name": "Unauthorized Command Message",
            "description": "Adversaries may send unauthorized command messages to instruct control system assets to perform actions outside of their intended functionality, or without the logical preconditions to trigger their expected function. Command messages are used in ICS networks to give direct instructions to control systems devices. If an adversary can send an unauthorized command message to a control system, then it can instruct the control systems device to perform an action outside the normal bounds of the device's actions. An adversary could potentially instruct a control systems device to perform an action that will cause an [Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0105). (Citation: Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011)\n\nIn the Dallas Siren incident, adversaries were able to send command messages to activate tornado alarm systems across the city without an impending tornado or other disaster. (Citation: Zack Whittaker April 2017) (Citation: Benjamin Freed March 2019)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impair-process-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0809",
                    "external_id": "T0809"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK 2018, January 11 File Deletion Retrieved. 2018/05/17 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/wiki/Technique/T1107"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.108Z",
            "name": "Data Destruction",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform data destruction over the course of an operation. The adversary may drop or create malware, tools, or other non-native files on a target system to accomplish this, potentially leaving behind traces of malicious activities. Such non-native files and other data may be removed over the course of an intrusion to maintain a small footprint or as a standard part of the post-intrusion cleanup process. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018)\n\nData destruction may also be used to render operator interfaces unable to respond and to disrupt response functions from occurring as expected. An adversary may also destroy data backups that are vital to recovery after an incident.\n\nStandard file deletion commands are available on most operating system and device interfaces to perform cleanup, but adversaries may use other tools as well. Two examples are Windows Sysinternals SDelete and Active@ Killdisk.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Matan Dobrushin - Otorio"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--4c2e1408-9d68-4187-8e6b-a77bc52700ec",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832",
                    "external_id": "T0832"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Corero",
                    "description": "Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://www.corero.com/resources/files/whitepapers/cns_whitepaper_ics.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee",
                    "description": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee SANS Industrial Control System (ICS) Security; The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved 2024/11/25",
                    "url": "https://icscsi.org/library/Documents/White_Papers/SANS%20-%20ICS%20Cyber%20Kill%20Chain.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Tyson Macaulay",
                    "description": "Tyson Macaulay Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04  The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved. 2019/11/04  RIoT Control: Understanding and Managing Risks and the Internet of Things Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=oXIYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA249&lpg=PA249&dq=loss+denial+manipulation+of+view&source=bl&ots=dV1uQ8IUff&sig=ACfU3U2NIwGjhg051D_Ytw6npyEk9xcf4w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2wJ7y4tDlAhVmplkKHSTaDnQQ6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=loss%20denial%20manipulation%20of%20view&f=false"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:29.210Z",
            "name": "Manipulation of View",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported. (Citation: Corero) (Citation: Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee) (Citation: Tyson Macaulay) \n\nOperators may be fooled into doing something that is harmful to the system in a loss of view situation. With a manipulated view into the systems, operators may issue inappropriate control sequences that introduce faults or catastrophic failures into the system. Business analysis systems can also be provided with inaccurate data leading to bad management decisions.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--50d3222f-7550-4a3c-94e1-78cb6c81d064",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0810",
                    "external_id": "T0810"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer - Dragos - 201810",
                    "description": "Dragos. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved October 14, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:46.334Z",
            "name": "Data Historian Compromise",
            "description": "Adversaries may compromise and gain control of a data historian to gain a foothold into the control system environment. Access to a data historian may be used to learn stored database archival and analysis information on the control system. A dual-homed data historian may provide adversaries an interface from the IT environment to the OT environment. \n\nDragos has released an updated analysis on CrashOverride that outlines the attack from the ICS network breach to payload delivery and execution.  (Citation: Industroyer - Dragos - 201810) The report summarized that CrashOverride represents a new application of malware, but relied on standard intrusion techniques. In particular, new artifacts include references to a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 host, with a SQL Server. Within the ICS environment, such a database server can act as a data historian. Dragos noted a device with this role should be \"expected to have extensive connections\" within the ICS environment. Adversary activity leveraged database capabilities to perform reconnaissance, including directory queries and network connectivity checks.\n\nPermissions Required: Administrator\n\nContributors: Joe Slowik - Dragos",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Joe Slowik - Dragos"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--539d0484-fe95-485a-b654-86991c0d0d00",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0841",
                    "external_id": "T0841"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:47.931Z",
            "name": "Network Service Scanning",
            "description": "Network Service Scanning is the process of discovering services on networked systems.  This can be achieved through a technique called port scanning or probing.  Port scanning interacts with the TCP/IP ports on a target system to determine whether ports are open, closed, or filtered by a firewall.  This does not reveal the service that is running behind the port, but since many common services are run on [https://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-names-port-numbers.xhtml specific port numbers], the type of service can be assumed.  More in-depth testing includes interaction with the actual service to determine the service type and specific version.  One of the most-popular tools to use for Network Service Scanning is [https://nmap.org/ Nmap].\n\nAn adversary may attempt to gain information about a target device and its role on the network via Network Service Scanning techniques, such as port scanning.  Network Service Scanning is useful for determining potential vulnerabilities in services on target devices.  Network Service Scanning is closely tied to .\n\nScanning ports can be noisy on a network. In some attacks, adversaries probe for specific ports using custom tools. This was specifically seen in the Triton and PLC-Blaster attacks.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0872",
                    "external_id": "T0872"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:47.841Z",
            "name": "Indicator Removal on Host",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to remove indicators of their presence on a system in an effort to cover their tracks. In cases where an adversary may feel detection is imminent, they may try to overwrite, delete, or cover up changes they have made to the device.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "evasion"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "revoked": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": ""
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0877",
                    "external_id": "T0877"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nanjundaiah, Vaidyanath",
                    "description": "Nanjundaiah, Vaidyanath   PLC Ladder Logic Basics Retrieved. 2021/10/11 ",
                    "url": "https://www.ezautomation.net/industry-articles/plc-ladder-logic-basics.htm"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf 2016 PLC-Blaster Retrieved. 2019/06/06 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.462Z",
            "name": "I/O Image",
            "description": "Adversaries may seek to capture process values related to the inputs and outputs of a PLC. During the scan cycle, a PLC reads the status of all inputs and stores them in an image table. (Citation: Nanjundaiah, Vaidyanath) The image table is the PLCs internal storage location where values of inputs/outputs for one scan are stored while it executes the user program. After the PLC has solved the entire logic program, it updates the output image table. The contents of this output image table are written to the corresponding output points in I/O Modules.\n\nThe Input and Output Image tables described above make up the I/O Image on a PLC. This image is used by the user program instead of directly interacting with physical I/O. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf 2016) \n\nAdversaries may collect the I/O Image state of a PLC by utilizing a devices [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0834) to access the memory regions directly. The collection of the PLCs I/O state could be used to replace values or inform future stages of an attack.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--56ddc820-6cfb-407f-850b-52c035d123ac",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0815",
                    "external_id": "T0815"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Corero",
                    "description": "Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://www.corero.com/resources/files/whitepapers/cns_whitepaper_ics.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee",
                    "description": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee SANS Industrial Control System (ICS) Security; The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved 2024/11/25",
                    "url": "https://icscsi.org/library/Documents/White_Papers/SANS%20-%20ICS%20Cyber%20Kill%20Chain.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Tyson Macaulay",
                    "description": "Tyson Macaulay Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04  The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved. 2019/11/04  RIoT Control: Understanding and Managing Risks and the Internet of Things Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=oXIYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA249&lpg=PA249&dq=loss+denial+manipulation+of+view&source=bl&ots=dV1uQ8IUff&sig=ACfU3U2NIwGjhg051D_Ytw6npyEk9xcf4w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2wJ7y4tDlAhVmplkKHSTaDnQQ6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=loss%20denial%20manipulation%20of%20view&f=false"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:33.142Z",
            "name": "Denial of View",
            "description": "Adversaries may cause a denial of view in attempt to disrupt and prevent operator oversight on the status of an ICS environment. This may manifest itself as a temporary communication failure between a device and its control source, where the interface recovers and becomes available once the interference ceases. (Citation: Corero) (Citation: Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee) (Citation: Tyson Macaulay) \n\nAn adversary may attempt to deny operator visibility by preventing them from receiving status and reporting messages. Denying this view may temporarily block and prevent operators from noticing a change in state or anomalous behavior. The environment's data and processes may still be operational, but functioning in an unintended or adversarial manner. ",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0871",
                    "external_id": "T0871"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.643Z",
            "name": "Execution through API",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to leverage Application Program Interfaces (APIs) used for communication between control software and the hardware. Specific functionality is often coded into APIs which can be called by software to engage specific functions on a device or other software.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0862",
                    "external_id": "T0862"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Control Global May 2019",
                    "description": "Control Global 2019, May 29 Yokogawa announcement warns of counterfeit transmitters Retrieved. 2021/04/09 ",
                    "url": "https://www.controlglobal.com/industrynews/2019/yokogawa-announcement-warns-of-counterfeit-transmitters/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014",
                    "description": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002718.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.822Z",
            "name": "Supply Chain Compromise",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform supply chain compromise to gain control systems environment access by means of infected products, software, and workflows. Supply chain compromise is the manipulation of products, such as devices or software, or their delivery mechanisms before receipt by the end consumer. Adversary compromise of these products and mechanisms is done for the goal of data or system compromise, once infected products are introduced to the target environment. \n\nSupply chain compromise can occur at all stages of the supply chain, from manipulation of development tools and environments to manipulation of developed products and tools distribution mechanisms. This may involve the compromise and replacement of legitimate software and patches, such as on third party or vendor websites. Targeting of supply chain compromise can be done in attempts to infiltrate the environments of a specific audience. In control systems environments with assets in both the IT and OT networks, it is possible a supply chain compromise affecting the IT environment could enable further access to the OT environment.   \n\nCounterfeit devices may be introduced to the global supply chain posing safety and cyber risks to asset owners and operators. These devices may not meet the safety, engineering and manufacturing requirements of regulatory bodies but may feature tagging indicating conformance with industry standards. Due to the lack of adherence to standards and overall lesser quality, the counterfeit products may pose a serious safety and operational risk. (Citation: Control Global May 2019) \n\nYokogawa identified instances in which their customers received counterfeit differential pressure transmitters using the Yokogawa logo. The counterfeit transmitters were nearly indistinguishable with a semblance of functionality and interface that mimics the genuine product. (Citation: Control Global May 2019) \n\nF-Secure Labs analyzed the approach the adversary used to compromise victim systems with Havex. (Citation: Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014) The adversary planted trojanized software installers available on legitimate ICS/SCADA vendor websites. After being downloaded, this software infected the host computer with a Remote Access Trojan (RAT).",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--5f3da2f3-91c8-4d8b-a02f-bf43a11def55",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0854",
                    "external_id": "T0854"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:50.649Z",
            "name": "Serial Connection Enumeration",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform serial connection enumeration to gather situational awareness after gaining access to devices in the OT network. Control systems devices often communicate to each other via various types of serial communication mediums. These serial communications are used to facilitate informational communication, as well as commands.  Serial Connection Enumeration differs from I/O Module Discovery, as I/O modules are auxiliary systems to the main system, and devices that are connected via serial connection are normally discrete systems.\n\nWhile IT and OT networks may work in tandem, the exact structure of the OT network may not be discernible from the IT network alone. After gaining access to a device on the OT network, an adversary may be able to enumerate the serial connections. From this perspective, the adversary can see the specific physical devices to which the compromised device is connected to. This gives the adversary greater situational awareness and can influence the actions that the adversary can take in an attack.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Input/Output Server",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--5fa00fdd-4a55-4191-94a0-564181d7fec2",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0880",
                    "external_id": "T0880"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:14.990Z",
            "name": "Loss of Safety",
            "description": "Adversaries may compromise safety system functions designed to maintain safe operation of a process when unacceptable or dangerous conditions occur. Safety systems are often composed of the same elements as control systems but have the sole purpose of ensuring the process fails in a predetermined safe manner. \n\nMany unsafe conditions in process control happen too quickly for a human operator to react to. Speed is critical in correcting these conditions to limit serious impacts such as Loss of Control and Property Damage. \n\nAdversaries may target and disable safety system functions as a prerequisite to subsequent attack execution or to allow for future unsafe conditionals to go unchecked. Detection of a Loss of Safety by operators can result in the shutdown of a process due to strict policies regarding safety systems. This can cause a Loss of Productivity and Revenue and may meet the technical goals of adversaries seeking to cause process disruptions.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0828",
                    "external_id": "T0828"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Colonial Pipeline Company May 2021",
                    "description": "Colonial Pipeline Company 2021, May Media Statement Update: Colonial Pipeline System Disruption Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://www.colpipe.com/news/press-releases/media-statement-colonial-pipeline-system-disruption"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Lion Corporation June 2020",
                    "description": "Lion Corporation 2020, June 26 Lion Cyber incident update: 26 June 2020 Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://lionco.com/2020/06/26/lion-update-re-cyber-issue/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Paganini, Pierluigi June 2020",
                    "description": "Paganini, Pierluigi 2020, June 14 Ransomware attack disrupts operations at Australian beverage company Lion Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://securityaffairs.co/wordpress/104749/cyber-crime/ransomware-attack-hit-lion.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.157Z",
            "name": "Loss of Productivity and Revenue",
            "description": "Adversaries may cause loss of productivity and revenue through disruption and even damage to the availability and integrity of control system operations, devices, and related processes. This technique may manifest as a direct effect of an ICS-targeting attack or tangentially, due to an IT-targeting attack against non-segregated environments. \n\nIn cases where these operations or services are brought to a halt, the loss of productivity may eventually present an impact for the end-users or consumers of products and services. The disrupted supply-chain may result in supply shortages and increased prices, among other consequences. \n\nA ransomware attack on an Australian beverage company resulted in the shutdown of some manufacturing sites, including precautionary halts to protect key systems. (Citation: Paganini, Pierluigi June 2020) The company announced the potential for temporary shortages of their products following the attack. (Citation: Paganini, Pierluigi June 2020) (Citation: Lion Corporation June 2020) \n\nIn the 2021 Colonial Pipeline ransomware incident, the pipeline was unable to transport approximately 2.5 million barrels of fuel per day to the East Coast.  (Citation: Colonial Pipeline Company May 2021)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0865",
                    "external_id": "T0865"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA21-201A Pipeline Intrusion July 2021",
                    "description": "Department of Justice (DOJ), DHS Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) 2021, July 20 Chinese Gas Pipeline Intrusion Campaign, 2011 to 2013 Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/AA21-201A_Chinese_Gas_Pipeline_Intrusion_Campaign_2011_to_2013%20(1).pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK October 2019",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK 2019, October 25 Spearphishing Attachment Retrieved. 2019/10/25 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.346Z",
            "name": "Spearphishing Attachment",
            "description": "Adversaries may use a spearphishing attachment, a variant of spearphishing, as a form of a social engineering attack against specific targets. Spearphishing attachments are different from other forms of spearphishing in that they employ malware attached to an email. All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered and target a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0863) to gain execution and access. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK October 2019) \n\nA Chinese spearphishing campaign running from December 9, 2011 through February 29, 2012, targeted ONG organizations and their employees. The emails were constructed with a high level of sophistication to convince employees to open the malicious file attachments. (Citation: CISA AA21-201A Pipeline Intrusion July 2021)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--7374ab87-0782-41f8-b415-678c0950bb2a",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0825",
                    "external_id": "T0825"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Guidance - NIST SP800-82",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer. (2015, May). Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. Retrieved March 28, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:57.419Z",
            "name": "Location Identification",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform location identification using device data to inform operations and targeted impact for attacks. Location identification data can come in a number of forms, including geographic location, location relative to other control system devices, time zone, and current time. An adversary may use an embedded global positioning system (GPS) module in a device to figure out the physical coordinates of a device. NIST SP800-82 recommends that devices utilize GPS or another location determining mechanism to attach appropriate timestamps to log entries (Citation: Guidance - NIST SP800-82). While this assists in logging and event tracking, an adversary could use the underlying positioning mechanism to determine the general location of a device. An adversary can also infer the physical location of serially connected devices by using serial connection enumeration. \n\nAn adversary attempt to attack and cause Impact could potentially affect other control system devices in close proximity. Device local-time and time-zone settings can also provide adversaries a rough indicator of device location, when specific geographic identifiers cannot be determined from the system.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Control Server"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "created": "2024-03-26T15:39:19.473Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0895",
                    "external_id": "T0895"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:42.824Z",
            "name": "Autorun Image",
            "description": "Adversaries may leverage AutoRun functionality or scripts to execute malicious code. Devices configured to enable AutoRun functionality or legacy operating systems may be susceptible to abuse of these features to run malicious code stored on various forms of removeable media (i.e., USB, Disk Images [.ISO]). Commonly, AutoRun or AutoPlay are disabled in many operating systems configurations to mitigate against this technique. If a device is configured to enable AutoRun or AutoPlay, adversaries may execute code on the device by mounting the removable media to the device, either through physical or virtual means. This may be especially relevant for virtual machine environments where disk images may be dynamically mapped to a guest system on a hypervisor.  \n\nAn example could include an adversary gaining access to a hypervisor through the management interface to modify a virtual machine\u2019s hardware configuration. They could then deploy an iso image with a malicious AutoRun script to cause the virtual machine to automatically execute the code contained on the disk image. This would enable the execution of malicious code within a virtual machine without needing any prior remote access to that system.\n",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0817",
                    "external_id": "T0817"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency March 2018",
                    "description": "Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency 2018, March 15 Alert (TA18-074A) Russian Government Cyber Activity Targeting Energy and Other Critical Infrastructure Sectors Retrieved. 2019/10/11 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/TA18-074A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.525Z",
            "name": "Drive-by Compromise",
            "description": "Adversaries may gain access to a system during a drive-by compromise, when a user visits a website as part of a regular browsing session. With this technique, the user's web browser is targeted and exploited simply by visiting the compromised website. \n\nThe adversary may target a specific community, such as trusted third party suppliers or other industry specific groups, which often visit the target website. This kind of targeted attack relies on a common interest, and is known as a strategic web compromise or watering hole attack. \n\nThe National Cyber Awareness System (NCAS) has issued a Technical Alert (TA) regarding Russian government cyber activity targeting critical infrastructure sectors. (Citation: Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency March 2018) Analysis by DHS and FBI has noted two distinct categories of victims in the Dragonfly campaign on the Western energy sector: staging and intended targets. The adversary targeted the less secure networks of staging targets, including trusted third-party suppliers and related peripheral organizations. Initial access to the intended targets used watering hole attacks to target process control, ICS, and critical infrastructure related trade publications and informational websites.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--83ebd22f-b401-4d59-8219-2294172cf916",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0879",
                    "external_id": "T0879"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bruce Schneier January 2008",
                    "description": "Bruce Schneier 2008, January 17 Hacking Polish Trams Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2008/01/hacking_the_pol.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "BSI State of IT Security 2014",
                    "description": "Bundesamt fr Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (BSI) (German Federal Office for Information Security) 2014 Die Lage der IT-Sicherheit in Deutschland 2014 (The State of IT Security in Germany) Retrieved. 2019/10/30 ",
                    "url": "https://www.bsi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/BSI/Publications/Securitysituation/IT-Security-Situation-in-Germany-2014.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "John Bill May 2017",
                    "description": "John Bill 2017, May 12 Hacked Cyber Security Railways Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.londonreconnections.com/2017/hacked-cyber-security-railways/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Shelley Smith February 2008",
                    "description": "Shelley Smith 2008, February 12 Teen Hacker in Poland Plays Trains and Derails City Tram System Retrieved. 2019/10/17 ",
                    "url": "https://inhomelandsecurity.com/teen_hacker_in_poland_plays_tr/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.731Z",
            "name": "Damage to Property",
            "description": "Adversaries may cause damage and destruction of property to infrastructure, equipment, and the surrounding environment when attacking control systems. This technique may result in device and operational equipment breakdown, or represent tangential damage from other techniques used in an attack. Depending on the severity of physical damage and disruption caused to control processes and systems, this technique may result in [Loss of Safety](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0880). Operations that result in [Loss of Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0827) may also cause damage to property, which may be directly or indirectly motivated by an adversary seeking to cause impact in the form of [Loss of Productivity and Revenue](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0828). \n\n\nThe German Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) reported a targeted attack on a steel mill under an incidents affecting business section of its 2014 IT Security Report. (Citation: BSI State of IT Security 2014)  These targeted attacks affected industrial operations and resulted in breakdowns of control system components and even entire installations. As a result of these breakdowns, massive impact and damage resulted from the uncontrolled shutdown of a blast furnace. \n\nA Polish student used a remote controller device to interface with the Lodz city tram system in Poland. (Citation: John Bill May 2017) (Citation: Shelley Smith February 2008) (Citation: Bruce Schneier January 2008) Using this remote, the student was able to capture and replay legitimate tram signals. This resulted in damage to impacted trams, people, and the surrounding property. Reportedly, four trams were derailed and were forced to make emergency stops. (Citation: Shelley Smith February 2008) Commands issued by the student may have also resulted in tram collisions, causing harm to those on board and the environment outside. (Citation: Bruce Schneier January 2008)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0856",
                    "external_id": "T0856"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011",
                    "description": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011 A Taxonomy of Cyber Attacks on SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6142258"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:15.909Z",
            "name": "Spoof Reporting Message",
            "description": "Adversaries may spoof reporting messages in control system environments for evasion and to impair process control. In control systems, reporting messages contain telemetry data (e.g., I/O values) pertaining to the current state of equipment and the industrial process. Reporting messages are important for monitoring the normal operation of a system or identifying important events such as deviations from expected values. \n\nIf an adversary has the ability to Spoof Reporting Messages, they can impact the control system in many ways. The adversary can Spoof Reporting Messages that state that the process is operating normally, as a form of evasion. The adversary could also Spoof Reporting Messages to make the defenders and operators think that other errors are occurring in order to distract them from the actual source of a problem. (Citation: Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011) ",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "evasion"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impair-process-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0866",
                    "external_id": "T0866"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK   Exploitation of Remote Services Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik April 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, April 10 Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.054Z",
            "name": "Exploitation of Remote Services",
            "description": "Adversaries may exploit a software vulnerability to take advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to enable remote service abuse. A common goal for post-compromise exploitation of remote services is for initial access into and lateral movement throughout the ICS environment to enable access to targeted systems. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK)\n\nICS asset owners and operators have been affected by ransomware (or disruptive malware masquerading as ransomware) migrating from enterprise IT to ICS environments: WannaCry, NotPetya, and BadRabbit. In each of these cases, self-propagating (wormable) malware initially infected IT networks, but through exploit (particularly the SMBv1-targeting MS17-010 vulnerability) spread to industrial networks, producing significant impacts. (Citation: Joe Slowik April 2019)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "lateral-movement"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0812",
                    "external_id": "T0812"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.206Z",
            "name": "Default Credentials",
            "description": "Adversaries may leverage manufacturer or supplier set default credentials on control system devices. These default credentials may have administrative permissions and may be necessary for initial configuration of the device. It is general best practice to change the passwords for these accounts as soon as possible, but some manufacturers may have devices that have passwords or usernames that cannot be changed. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015)\n\nDefault credentials are normally documented in an instruction manual that is either packaged with the device, published online through official means, or published online through unofficial means. Adversaries may leverage default credentials that have not been properly modified or disabled.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "lateral-movement"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0822",
                    "external_id": "T0822"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Daniel Oakley, Travis Smith, Tripwire",
                    "description": "Daniel Oakley, Travis Smith, Tripwire   Retrieved. 2018/05/30 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/wiki/Technique/T1133"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems March 2016",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems 2016, March 18 Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt36c2e63521272fdc/blt6a77276749b76a40/607f235992f0063e5c070fff/E-ISAC_SANS_Ukraine_DUC_5%5b73%5d.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.385Z",
            "name": "External Remote Services",
            "description": "Adversaries may leverage external remote services as a point of initial access into your network. These services allow users to connect to internal network resources from external locations. Examples are VPNs, Citrix, and other access mechanisms. Remote service gateways often manage connections and credential authentication for these services. (Citation: Daniel Oakley, Travis Smith, Tripwire)\n\nExternal remote services allow administration of a control system from outside the system. Often, vendors and internal engineering groups have access to external remote services to control system networks via the corporate network. In some cases, this access is enabled directly from the internet. While remote access enables ease of maintenance when a control system is in a remote area, compromise of remote access solutions is a liability. The adversary may use these services to gain access to and execute attacks against a control system network. Access to valid accounts is often a requirement. \n\nAs they look for an entry point into the control system network, adversaries may begin searching for existing point-to-point VPN implementations at trusted third party networks or through remote support employee connections where split tunneling is enabled. (Citation: Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems March 2016)\n",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0806",
                    "external_id": "T0806"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.573Z",
            "name": "Brute Force I/O",
            "description": "Adversaries may repetitively or successively change I/O point values to perform an action. Brute Force I/O may be achieved by changing either a range of I/O point values or a single point value repeatedly to manipulate a process function. The adversary's goal and the information they have about the target environment will influence which of the options they choose. In the case of brute forcing a range of point values, the adversary may be able to achieve an impact without targeting a specific point. In the case where a single point is targeted, the adversary may be able to generate instability on the process function associated with that particular point. \n\nAdversaries may use Brute Force I/O to cause failures within various industrial processes. These failures could be the result of wear on equipment or damage to downstream equipment.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impair-process-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--94f042ae-3033-4a8d-9ec3-26396533a541",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0870",
                    "external_id": "T0870"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:07.297Z",
            "name": "Detect Program State",
            "description": "Adversaries may seek to gather information about the current state of a program on a PLC. State information reveals information about the program, including whether it's running, halted, stopped, or has generated an exception. This information may be leveraged as a verification of malicious program execution or to determine if a PLC is ready to download a new program.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0830",
                    "external_id": "T0830"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011",
                    "description": "Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011 A Taxonomy of Cyber Attacks on SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6142258"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Gabriel Sanchez October 2017",
                    "description": "Gabriel Sanchez 2017, October Man-In-The-Middle Attack Against Modbus TCP Illustrated with Wireshark Retrieved. 2020/01/05 ",
                    "url": "https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/ICS/man-in-the-middle-attack-modbus-tcp-illustrated-wireshark-38095"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.777Z",
            "name": "Adversary-in-the-Middle",
            "description": "Adversaries with privileged network access may seek to modify network traffic in real time using adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) attacks. (Citation: Gabriel Sanchez October 2017) This type of attack allows the adversary to intercept traffic to and/or from a particular device on the network. If a AiTM attack is established, then the adversary has the ability to block, log, modify, or inject traffic into the communication stream. There are several ways to accomplish this attack, but some of the most-common are Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) poisoning and the use of a proxy. (Citation: Bonnie Zhu, Anthony Joseph, Shankar Sastry 2011)  \n\nAn AiTM attack may allow an adversary to perform the following attacks:  \n[Block Reporting Message](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0804), [Spoof Reporting Message](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0856), [Modify Parameter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836), [Unauthorized Command Message](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0855)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Conrad Layne - GE Digital"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0820",
                    "external_id": "T0820"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:16.960Z",
            "name": "Exploitation for Evasion",
            "description": "Adversaries may exploit a software vulnerability to take advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to evade detection. Vulnerabilities may exist in software that can be used to disable or circumvent security features.  \n\nAdversaries may have prior knowledge through [Remote System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0888) about security features implemented on control devices. These device security features will likely be targeted directly for exploitation. There are examples of firmware RAM/ROM consistency checks on control devices being targeted by adversaries to enable the installation of malicious [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0857).",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "evasion"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0827",
                    "external_id": "T0827"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "BSI State of IT Security 2014",
                    "description": "Bundesamt fr Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (BSI) (German Federal Office for Information Security) 2014 Die Lage der IT-Sicherheit in Deutschland 2014 (The State of IT Security in Germany) Retrieved. 2019/10/30 ",
                    "url": "https://www.bsi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/BSI/Publications/Securitysituation/IT-Security-Situation-in-Germany-2014.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Corero",
                    "description": "Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://www.corero.com/resources/files/whitepapers/cns_whitepaper_ics.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee",
                    "description": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee SANS Industrial Control System (ICS) Security; The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved 2024/11/25",
                    "url": "https://icscsi.org/library/Documents/White_Papers/SANS%20-%20ICS%20Cyber%20Kill%20Chain.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Tyson Macaulay",
                    "description": "Tyson Macaulay Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04  The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved. 2019/11/04  RIoT Control: Understanding and Managing Risks and the Internet of Things Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=oXIYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA249&lpg=PA249&dq=loss+denial+manipulation+of+view&source=bl&ots=dV1uQ8IUff&sig=ACfU3U2NIwGjhg051D_Ytw6npyEk9xcf4w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2wJ7y4tDlAhVmplkKHSTaDnQQ6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=loss%20denial%20manipulation%20of%20view&f=false"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:56.356Z",
            "name": "Loss of Control",
            "description": "Adversaries may seek to achieve a sustained loss of control or a runaway condition in which operators cannot issue any commands even if the malicious interference has subsided. (Citation: Corero) (Citation: Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee) (Citation: Tyson Macaulay)\n\nThe German Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) reported a targeted attack on a steel mill in its 2014 IT Security Report.(Citation: BSI State of IT Security 2014) These targeted attacks affected industrial operations and resulted in breakdowns of control system components and even entire installations. As a result of these breakdowns, massive impact resulted in damage and unsafe conditions from the uncontrolled shutdown of a blast furnace.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--a8cfd474-9358-464f-a169-9c6f099a8e8a",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0875",
                    "external_id": "T0875"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:11.949Z",
            "name": "Change Program State",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to change the state of the current program on a control device. Program state changes may be used to allow for another program to take over control or be loaded onto the device.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impair-process-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0874",
                    "external_id": "T0874"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK   Hooking Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1179/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:58:56.978Z",
            "name": "Hooking",
            "description": "Adversaries may hook into application programming interface (API) functions used by processes to redirect calls for execution and privilege escalation means. Windows processes often leverage these API functions to perform tasks that require reusable system resources. Windows API functions are typically stored in dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) as exported functions. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK)\n\nOne type of hooking seen in ICS involves redirecting calls to these functions via import address table (IAT) hooking. IAT hooking uses modifications to a process IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "privilege-escalation"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--abb0a255-eb9c-48d0-8f5c-874bb84c0e45",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0808",
                    "external_id": "T0808"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:12.937Z",
            "name": "Control Device Identification",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform control device identification to determine the make and model of a target device. Management software and device APIs may be utilized by the adversary to gain this information. By identifying and obtaining device specifics, the adversary may be able to determine device vulnerabilities. This device information can also be used to understand device functionality and inform the decision to target the environment.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--ae62fe1a-ea1a-479b-8dc0-65d250bd8bc7",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0844",
                    "external_id": "T0844"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Guidance - IEC61131",
                    "description": "John Karl-Heinz. (n.d.). Programming Industrial Automation Systems. Retrieved October 22, 2019.",
                    "url": "http://www.dee.ufrj.br/controle%20automatico/cursos/IEC61131-3%20Programming%20Industrial%20Automation%20Systems.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "PLCBlaster - Spenneberg",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Br\u00fcggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke. (2016, March 31). Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc.. Retrieved September 19, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Stuxnet - Symantec - 201102",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien. (2011, February). W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4). Retrieved September 22, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security%20response/whitepapers/w32%20stuxnet%20dossier.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:13.466Z",
            "name": "Program Organization Units",
            "description": "Program Organizational Units (POUs) are block structures used within PLC programming to create programs and projects. (Citation: Guidance - IEC61131) POUs can be used to hold user programs written in IEC 61131-3 languages: Structured text, Instruction list, Function block, and Ladder logic. (Citation: Guidance - IEC61131) Application - 201203 They can also provide additional functionality, such as establishing connections between the PLC and other devices using TCON. (Citation: PLCBlaster - Spenneberg)\n  \nStuxnet uses a simple code-prepending infection technique to infect Organization Blocks (OB). For example, the following sequence of actions is performed when OB1 is infected  (Citation: Stuxnet - Symantec - 201102):\n*Increase the size of the original block.\n*Write malicious code to the beginning of the block.\n*Insert the original OB1 code after the malicious code.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "lateral-movement"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0823",
                    "external_id": "T0823"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:17.144Z",
            "name": "Graphical User Interface",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to gain access to a machine via a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to enhance execution capabilities. Access to a GUI allows a user to interact with a computer in a more visual manner than a CLI. A GUI allows users to move a cursor and click on interface objects, with a mouse and keyboard as the main input devices, as opposed to just using the keyboard.\n\nIf physical access is not an option, then access might be possible via protocols such as VNC on Linux-based and Unix-based operating systems, and RDP on Windows operating systems. An adversary can use this access to execute programs and applications on the target machine.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0848",
                    "external_id": "T0848"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bastille April 2017",
                    "description": "Bastille 2017, April 17 Dallas Siren Attack Retrieved. 2020/11/06 ",
                    "url": "https://www.bastille.net/blogs/2017/4/17/dallas-siren-attack"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Zack Whittaker April 2017",
                    "description": "Zack Whittaker 2017, April 12 Dallas' emergency sirens were hacked with a rogue radio signal Retrieved. 2020/11/06 ",
                    "url": "https://www.zdnet.com/article/experts-think-they-know-how-dallas-emergency-sirens-were-hacked/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:17.326Z",
            "name": "Rogue Master",
            "description": "Adversaries may setup a rogue master to leverage control server functions to communicate with outstations. A rogue master can be used to send legitimate control messages to other control system devices, affecting processes in unintended ways. It may also be used to disrupt network communications by capturing and receiving the network traffic meant for the actual master. Impersonating a master may also allow an adversary to avoid detection. \n\nIn the case of the 2017 Dallas Siren incident, adversaries used a rogue master to send command messages to the 156 distributed sirens across the city, either through a single rogue transmitter with a strong signal, or using many distributed repeaters. (Citation: Bastille April 2017) (Citation: Zack Whittaker April 2017)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:36:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0834",
                    "external_id": "T0834"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "The MITRE Corporation May 2017",
                    "description": "The MITRE Corporation 2017, May 31 ATT&CK T1106: Native API Retrieved. 2021/04/26 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:17.499Z",
            "name": "Native API",
            "description": "Adversaries may directly interact with the native OS application programming interface (API) to access system functions. Native APIs provide a controlled means of calling low-level OS services within the kernel, such as those involving hardware/devices, memory, and processes. (Citation: The MITRE Corporation May 2017) These native APIs are leveraged by the OS during system boot (when other system components are not yet initialized) as well as carrying out tasks and requests during routine operations. \n\nFunctionality provided by native APIs are often also exposed to user-mode applications via interfaces and libraries. For example, functions such as memcpy and direct operations on memory registers can be used to modify user and system memory space.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "execution"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0826",
                    "external_id": "T0826"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Colonial Pipeline Company May 2021",
                    "description": "Colonial Pipeline Company 2021, May Media Statement Update: Colonial Pipeline System Disruption Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://www.colpipe.com/news/press-releases/media-statement-colonial-pipeline-system-disruption"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Corero",
                    "description": "Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://www.corero.com/resources/files/whitepapers/cns_whitepaper_ics.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee",
                    "description": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee SANS Industrial Control System (ICS) Security; The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved 2024/11/25",
                    "url": "https://icscsi.org/library/Documents/White_Papers/SANS%20-%20ICS%20Cyber%20Kill%20Chain.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Tyson Macaulay",
                    "description": "Tyson Macaulay Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04  The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved. 2019/11/04  RIoT Control: Understanding and Managing Risks and the Internet of Things Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=oXIYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA249&lpg=PA249&dq=loss+denial+manipulation+of+view&source=bl&ots=dV1uQ8IUff&sig=ACfU3U2NIwGjhg051D_Ytw6npyEk9xcf4w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2wJ7y4tDlAhVmplkKHSTaDnQQ6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=loss%20denial%20manipulation%20of%20view&f=false"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:00.088Z",
            "name": "Loss of Availability",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to disrupt essential components or systems to prevent owner and operator from delivering products or services. (Citation: Corero) (Citation: Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee) (Citation: Tyson Macaulay) \n\nAdversaries may leverage malware to delete or encrypt critical data on HMIs, workstations, or databases.\n\nIn the 2021 Colonial Pipeline ransomware incident, pipeline operations were temporally halted on May 7th and were not fully restarted until May 12th. (Citation: Colonial Pipeline Company May 2021)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0882",
                    "external_id": "T0882"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mark Thompson March 2016",
                    "description": "Mark Thompson 2016, March 24 Iranian Cyber Attack on New York Dam Shows Future of War Retrieved. 2019/11/07 ",
                    "url": "https://time.com/4270728/iran-cyber-attack-dam-fbi/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Danny Yadron December 2015",
                    "description": "Danny Yadron 2015, December 20 Iranian Hackers Infiltrated New York Dam in 2013 Retrieved. 2019/11/07 ",
                    "url": "https://www.wsj.com/articles/iranian-hackers-infiltrated-new-york-dam-in-2013-1450662559"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:16.405Z",
            "name": "Theft of Operational Information",
            "description": "Adversaries may steal operational information on a production environment as a direct mission outcome for personal gain or to inform future operations. This information may include design documents, schedules, rotational data, or similar artifacts that provide insight on operations.    In the Bowman Dam incident, adversaries probed systems for operational data. (Citation: Mark Thompson March 2016) (Citation: Danny Yadron December 2015)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0857",
                    "external_id": "T0857"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Basnight, Zachry, et al.",
                    "description": "Basnight, Zachry, et al. 2013 Retrieved. 2017/10/17 ",
                    "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1874548213000231"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:17.862Z",
            "name": "System Firmware",
            "description": "System firmware on modern assets is often designed with an update feature. Older device firmware may be factory installed and require special reprograming equipment. When available, the firmware update feature enables vendors to remotely patch bugs and perform upgrades. Device firmware updates are often delegated to the user and may be done using a software update package. It may also be possible to perform this task over the network. \n\nAn adversary may exploit the firmware update feature on accessible devices to upload malicious or out-of-date firmware. Malicious modification of device firmware may provide an adversary with root access to a device, given firmware is one of the lowest programming abstraction layers. (Citation: Basnight, Zachry, et al.)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "persistence"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0849",
                    "external_id": "T0849"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.036Z",
            "name": "Masquerading",
            "description": "Adversaries may use masquerading to disguise a malicious application or executable as another file, to avoid operator and engineer suspicion. Possible disguises of these masquerading files can include commonly found programs, expected vendor executables and configuration files, and other commonplace application and naming conventions. By impersonating expected and vendor-relevant files and applications, operators and engineers may not notice the presence of the underlying malicious content and possibly end up running those masquerading as legitimate functions. \n\nApplications and other files commonly found on Windows systems or in engineering workstations have been impersonated before. This can be as simple as renaming a file to effectively disguise it in the ICS environment.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "evasion"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0843",
                    "external_id": "T0843"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.212Z",
            "name": "Program Download",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform a program download to transfer a user program to a controller. \n\nVariations of program download, such as online edit and program append, allow a controller to continue running during the transfer and reconfiguration process without interruption to process control. However, before starting a full program download (i.e., download all) a controller may need to go into a stop state. This can have negative consequences on the physical process, especially if the controller is not able to fulfill a time-sensitive action. Adversaries may choose to avoid a download all in favor of an online edit or program append to avoid disrupting the physical process. An adversary may need to use the technique Detect Operating Mode or Change Operating Mode to make sure the controller is in the proper mode to accept a program download.\n\nThe granularity of control to transfer a user program in whole or parts is dictated by the management protocol (e.g., S7CommPlus, TriStation) and underlying controller API. Thus, program download is a high-level term for the suite of vendor-specific API calls used to configure a controllers user program memory space.  \n\n[Modify Controller Tasking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0821) and [Modify Program](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0889) represent the configuration changes that are transferred to a controller via a program download.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "lateral-movement"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0847",
                    "external_id": "T0847"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "BBC April 2016",
                    "description": "BBC 2016, April 28 German nuclear plant hit by computer viruses Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-36158606"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Catalin Cimpanu April 2016",
                    "description": "Catalin Cimpanu 2016, April 26 Malware Shuts Down German Nuclear Power Plant on Chernobyl's 30th Anniversary Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://news.softpedia.com/news/on-chernobyl-s-30th-anniversary-malware-shuts-down-german-nuclear-power-plant-503429.shtml"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Christoph Steitz, Eric Auchard April 2016",
                    "description": "Christoph Steitz, Eric Auchard 2016, April 26 German nuclear plant infected with computer viruses, operator says Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nuclearpower-cyber-germany/german-nuclear-plant-infected-with-computer-viruses-operator-says-idUSKCN0XN2OS"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dark Reading Staff April 2016",
                    "description": "Dark Reading Staff 2016, April 28 German Nuclear Power Plant Infected With Malware Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.darkreading.com/endpoint/german-nuclear-power-plant-infected-with-malware/d/d-id/1325298"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET April 2016",
                    "description": "ESET 2016, April 28 Malware found at a German nuclear power plant Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2016/04/28/malware-found-german-nuclear-power-plant/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kernkraftwerk Gundremmingen April 2016",
                    "description": "Kernkraftwerk Gundremmingen 2016, April 25 Detektion von Bro-Schadsoftware an mehreren Rechnern Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.kkw-gundremmingen.de/presse.php?id=571"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Lee Mathews April 2016",
                    "description": "Lee Mathews 2016, April 27 German nuclear plant found riddled with Conficker, other viruses. Retrieved November 17, 2024. ",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20160430041256/https://www.geek.com/apps/german-nuclear-plant-found-riddled-with-conficker-other-viruses-1653415/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Peter Dockrill April 2016",
                    "description": "Peter Dockrill 2016, April 28 Multiple Computer Viruses Have Been Discovered in This German Nuclear Plant Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.sciencealert.com/multiple-computer-viruses-have-been-discovered-in-this-german-nuclear-plant"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sean Gallagher April 2016",
                    "description": "Sean Gallagher 2016, April 27 German nuclear plants fuel rod system swarming with old malware Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/04/german-nuclear-plants-fuel-rod-system-swarming-with-old-malware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Trend Micro April 2016",
                    "description": "Trend Micro 2016, April 27 Malware Discovered in German Nuclear Power Plant Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/cyber-attacks/malware-discovered-in-german-nuclear-power-plant"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:04.946Z",
            "name": "Replication Through Removable Media",
            "description": "Adversaries may move onto systems, such as those separated from the enterprise network, by copying malware to removable media which is inserted into the control systems environment. The adversary may rely on unknowing trusted third parties, such as suppliers or contractors with access privileges, to introduce the removable media. This technique enables initial access to target devices that never connect to untrusted networks, but are physically accessible.     \n\nOperators of the German nuclear power plant, Gundremmingen, discovered malware on a facility computer not connected to the internet. (Citation: Kernkraftwerk Gundremmingen April 2016) (Citation: Trend Micro April 2016) The malware included Conficker and W32.Ramnit, which were also found on eighteen removable disk drives in the facility. (Citation: Christoph Steitz, Eric Auchard April 2016) (Citation: Catalin Cimpanu April 2016) (Citation: Peter Dockrill April 2016) (Citation: Lee Mathews April 2016) (Citation: Sean Gallagher April 2016) (Citation: Dark Reading Staff April 2016) The plant has since checked for infection and cleaned up more than 1,000 computers. (Citation: BBC April 2016) An ESET researcher commented that internet disconnection does not guarantee system safety from infection or payload execution. (Citation: ESET April 2016)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0852",
                    "external_id": "T0852"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT October 2017",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2017, October 21 Advanced Persistent Threat Activity Targeting Energy and Other Critical Infrastructure Sectors Retrieved. 2017/10/23 ",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-293A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:21.744Z",
            "name": "Screen Capture",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to perform screen capture of devices in the control system environment. Screenshots may be taken of workstations, HMIs, or other devices that display environment-relevant process, device, reporting, alarm, or related data. These device displays may reveal information regarding the ICS process, layout, control, and related schematics. In particular, an HMI can provide a lot of important industrial process information. (Citation: ICS-CERT October 2017) Analysis of screen captures may provide the adversary with an understanding of intended operations and interactions between critical devices.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--c9a8d958-fcdb-40d2-af4c-461c8031651a",
            "created": "2022-09-29T13:35:38.589Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0891",
                    "external_id": "T0891"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.583Z",
            "name": "Hardcoded Credentials",
            "description": "Adversaries may leverage credentials that are hardcoded in software or firmware to gain an unauthorized interactive user session to an asset. Examples credentials that may be hardcoded in an asset include:\n\n* Username/Passwords\n* Cryptographic keys/Certificates\n* API tokens\n\nUnlike [Default Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0812), these credentials are built into the system in a way that they either cannot be changed by the asset owner, or may be infeasible to change because of the impact it would cause to the control system operation. These credentials may be reused across whole product lines or device models and are often not published or known to the owner and operators of the asset. \n\nAdversaries may utilize these hardcoded credentials to move throughout the control system environment or provide reliable access for their tools to interact with industrial assets. \n",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "lateral-movement"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "persistence"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Aagam Shah, @neutrinoguy, ABB"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859",
                    "external_id": "T0859"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:08.866Z",
            "name": "Valid Accounts",
            "description": "Adversaries may steal the credentials of a specific user or service account using credential access techniques. In some cases, default credentials for control system devices may be publicly available. Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on hosts and within the network, and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems. Compromised and default credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems and devices or access to restricted areas of the network. Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools, in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide, to make it harder to detect their presence or to control devices and send legitimate commands in an unintended way. \n\nAdversaries may also create accounts, sometimes using predefined account names and passwords, to provide a means of backup access for persistence. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton) \n\nThe overlap of credentials and permissions across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator)  and possibly between the enterprise and operational technology environments. Adversaries may be able to leverage valid credentials from one system to gain access to another system.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "persistence"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "lateral-movement"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:08:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0890",
                    "external_id": "T0890"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "The MITRE Corporation",
                    "description": "The MITRE Corporation The MITRE Corporation   ATT&CK T1068: Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Retrieved. 2021/04/12  ATT&CK T1068: Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.792Z",
            "name": "Exploitation for Privilege Escalation",
            "description": "Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges. Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. Security constructs such as permission levels will often hinder access to information and use of certain techniques, so adversaries will likely need to perform privilege escalation to include use of software exploitation to circumvent those restrictions. (Citation: The MITRE Corporation) \n\nWhen initially gaining access to a system, an adversary may be operating within a lower privileged process which will prevent them from accessing certain resources on the system. Vulnerabilities may exist, usually in operating system components and software commonly running at higher permissions, that can be exploited to gain higher levels of access on the system. This could enable someone to move from unprivileged or user level permissions to SYSTEM or root permissions depending on the component that is vulnerable. This may be a necessary step for an adversary compromising an endpoint system that has been properly configured and limits other privilege escalation methods. (Citation: The MITRE Corporation)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "privilege-escalation"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0846",
                    "external_id": "T0846"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK 2018, January 11 Remote System Discovery Retrieved. 2018/05/17 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/wiki/Technique/T1018"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:18.958Z",
            "name": "Remote System Discovery",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of other systems by IP address, hostname, or other logical identifier on a network that may be used for subsequent Lateral Movement or Discovery techniques. Functionality could exist within adversary tools to enable this, but utilities available on the operating system or vendor software could also be used. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--d614a9cf-18eb-4800-81e4-ab8ddf0baa73",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0818",
                    "external_id": "T0818"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:27.888Z",
            "name": "Engineering Workstation Compromise",
            "description": "Adversaries will compromise and gain control of an engineering workstation for Initial Access into the control system environment. Access to an engineering workstation may occur through or physical means, such as a Valid Accounts with privileged access or infection by removable media. A dual-homed engineering workstation may allow the adversary access into multiple networks. For example, unsegregated process control, safety system, or information system networks. An Engineering Workstation is designed as a reliable computing platform that configures, maintains, and diagnoses control system equipment and applications. Compromise of an engineering workstation may provide access to, and control of, other control system applications and equipment. In the Maroochy attack, the adversary utilized a computer, possibly stolen, with proprietary engineering software to communicate with a wastewater system.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Joe Slowik - Dragos"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Engineering Workstation"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0884",
                    "external_id": "T0884"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK 2018, January 11 Connection Proxy Retrieved. 2018/05/17 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/wiki/Technique/T1090"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:19.127Z",
            "name": "Connection Proxy",
            "description": "Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications.\n\nThe definition of a proxy can also be expanded to encompass trust relationships between networks in peer-to-peer, mesh, or trusted connections between networks consisting of hosts or systems that regularly communicate with each other.\n\nThe network may be within a single organization or across multiple organizations with trust relationships. Adversaries could use these types of relationships to manage command and control communications, to reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK January 2018)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "command-and-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0869",
                    "external_id": "T0869"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T15:16:52.173Z",
            "name": "Standard Application Layer Protocol",
            "description": "Adversaries may establish command and control capabilities over commonly used application layer protocols such as HTTP(S), OPC, RDP, telnet, DNP3, and modbus. These protocols may be used to disguise adversary actions as benign network traffic. Standard protocols may be seen on their associated port or in some cases over a non-standard port.  Adversaries may use these protocols to reach out of the network for command and control, or in some cases to other infected devices within the network.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "command-and-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "revoked": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": ""
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--e0d74479-86d2-465d-bf36-903ebecef43e",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0833",
                    "external_id": "T0833"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Stuxnet - Langner - 201311",
                    "description": "Ralph Langner. (2013, November). To Kill a Centrifuge: A Technical Analysis of What Stuxnet's Creators Tried to Achieve. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.langner.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/to-kill-a-centrifuge.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Maroochy - MITRE - 200808",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams. (2008, July 23). Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study\u2013 Maroochy Water Services, Australia. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08%201145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:30.517Z",
            "name": "Modify Control Logic",
            "description": "Adversaries may place malicious code in a system, which can cause the system to malfunction by modifying its control logic. Control system devices use programming languages (e.g. relay ladder logic) to control physical processes by affecting actuators, which cause machines to operate, based on environment sensor readings. These devices often include the ability to perform remote control logic updates. \n\nProgram code is normally edited in a vendor-specific Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that relies on proprietary tools and features. These IDEs allow an engineer to perform host target development and may have the ability to run the code on the machine it is programmed for. The IDE will transmit the control logic to the testing device, and will perform the required device-specific functions to apply the changes and make them active.\n\nAn adversary may attempt to use this host target IDE to modify device control logic. Even though proprietary tools are often used to edit and update control logic, the process can usually be reverse-engineered and reproduced with open-source tools.\n\nAn adversary can de-calibrate a sensor by removing functions in control logic that account for sensor error. This can be used to change a control process without actually spoofing command messages to a controller or device. \n\nIt is believed this process happened in the lesser known over-pressurizer attacks build into Stuxnet. Pressure sensors are not perfect at translating pressure into an analog output signal, but their errors can be corrected by calibration. The pressure controller can be told what the \u201creal\u201d pressure is for given analog signals and then automatically linearize the measurement to what would be the \u201creal\u201d pressure. If the linearization is overwritten by malicious code on the S7-417 controller, analog pressure readings will be \u201ccorrected\u201d during the attack by the pressure controller, which then interprets all analog pressure readings as perfectly normal pressure no matter how high or low their analog values are. The pressure controller then acts accordingly by never opening the stage exhaust valves. In the meantime, actual pressure keeps rising. (Citation: Stuxnet - Langner - 201311)\n\nIn the Maroochy Attack, Vitek Boden gained remote computer access to the control system and altered data so that whatever function should have occurred at affected pumping stations did not occur or occurred in a different way. The software program installed in the laptop was one developed by Hunter Watertech for its use in changing configurations in the PDS computers. This ultimately led to 800,000 liters of raw sewage being spilled out into the community. (Citation: Maroochy - MITRE - 200808)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impair-process-control"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "created": "2021-04-12T19:26:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0886",
                    "external_id": "T0886"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer December 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer 2017, December 14 Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework TRITON and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA21-201A Pipeline Intrusion July 2021",
                    "description": "Department of Justice (DOJ), DHS Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) 2021, July 20 Chinese Gas Pipeline Intrusion Campaign, 2011 to 2013 Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/AA21-201A_Chinese_Gas_Pipeline_Intrusion_Campaign_2011_to_2013%20(1).pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos December 2017",
                    "description": "Dragos 2017, December 13 TRISIS Malware Analysis of Safety System Targeted Malware Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/trisis/TRISIS-01.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik April 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, April 10 Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:19.525Z",
            "name": "Remote Services",
            "description": "Adversaries may leverage remote services to move between assets and network segments. These services are often used to allow operators to interact with systems remotely within the network, some examples are RDP, SMB, SSH, and other similar mechanisms. (Citation: Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer December 2017) (Citation: Dragos December 2017) (Citation: Joe Slowik April 2019) \n\nRemote services could be used to support remote access, data transmission, authentication, name resolution, and other remote functions. Further, remote services may be necessary to allow operators and administrators to configure systems within the network from their engineering or management workstations. An adversary may use this technique to access devices which may be dual-homed (Citation: Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer December 2017) to multiple network segments, and can be used for [Program Download](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0843) or to execute attacks on control devices directly through [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859).\n\nSpecific remote services (RDP & VNC) may be a precursor to enable [Graphical User Interface](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0823) execution on devices such as HMIs or engineering workstation software.\n\nBased on incident data, CISA and FBI assessed that Chinese state-sponsored actors also compromised various authorized remote access channels, including systems designed to transfer data and/or allow access between corporate and ICS networks.  (Citation: CISA AA21-201A Pipeline Intrusion July 2021)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "lateral-movement"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Daisuke Suzuki"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--e2994b6a-122b-4043-b654-7411c5198ec0",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0824",
                    "external_id": "T0824"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:30.966Z",
            "name": "I/O Module Discovery",
            "description": "Adversaries may use input/output (I/O) module discovery to gather key information about a control system device. An I/O module is a device that allows the control system device to either receive or send signals to other devices. These signals can be analog or digital, and may support a number of different protocols. Devices are often able to use attachable I/O modules to increase the number of inputs and outputs that it can utilize. An adversary with access to a device can use native device functions to enumerate I/O modules that are connected to the device. Information regarding the I/O modules can aid the adversary in understanding related control processes.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0813",
                    "external_id": "T0813"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Corero",
                    "description": "Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://www.corero.com/resources/files/whitepapers/cns_whitepaper_ics.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mark Loveless April 2017",
                    "description": "Mark Loveless 2017, April 11 THE DALLAS COUNTY SIREN HACK Retrieved. 2020/11/06 ",
                    "url": "https://duo.com/decipher/the-dallas-county-siren-hack"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee",
                    "description": "Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee SANS Industrial Control System (ICS) Security; The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved 2024/11/25",
                    "url": "https://icscsi.org/library/Documents/White_Papers/SANS%20-%20ICS%20Cyber%20Kill%20Chain.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Tyson Macaulay",
                    "description": "Tyson Macaulay Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee Corero   Industrial Control System (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2019/11/04  The Industrial Control System Cyber Kill Chain Retrieved. 2019/11/04  RIoT Control: Understanding and Managing Risks and the Internet of Things Retrieved. 2019/11/04 ",
                    "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=oXIYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA249&lpg=PA249&dq=loss+denial+manipulation+of+view&source=bl&ots=dV1uQ8IUff&sig=ACfU3U2NIwGjhg051D_Ytw6npyEk9xcf4w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2wJ7y4tDlAhVmplkKHSTaDnQQ6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=loss%20denial%20manipulation%20of%20view&f=false"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:15.775Z",
            "name": "Denial of Control",
            "description": "Adversaries may cause a denial of control to temporarily prevent operators and engineers from interacting with process controls. An adversary may attempt to deny process control access to cause a temporary loss of communication with the control device or to prevent operator adjustment of process controls. An affected process may still be operating during the period of control loss, but not necessarily in a desired state. (Citation: Corero) (Citation: Michael J. Assante and Robert M. Lee) (Citation: Tyson Macaulay)\n\nIn the 2017 Dallas Siren incident operators were unable to disable the false alarms from the Office of Emergency Management headquarters. (Citation: Mark Loveless April 2017)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impact"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838",
                    "external_id": "T0838"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels, Marina Krotofil 2019",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels, Marina Krotofil 2019 A Diet of Poisoned Fruit: Designing Implants & OT Payloads for ICS Embedded Devices Retrieved. 2019/11/01 ",
                    "url": "https://troopers.de/downloads/troopers19/TROOPERS19_NGI_IoT_diet_poisoned_fruit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:19.764Z",
            "name": "Modify Alarm Settings",
            "description": "Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes. \n\nIf an adversary is able to change the reporting settings, certain events could be prevented from being reported. This type of modification can also prevent operators or devices from performing actions to keep the system in a safe state. If critical reporting messages cannot trigger these actions then a [Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0105) could occur. \n\nIn ICS environments, the adversary may have to use [Alarm Suppression](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0878) or contend with multiple alarms and/or alarm propagation to achieve a specific goal to evade detection or prevent intended responses from occurring. (Citation: Jos Wetzels, Marina Krotofil 2019)  Methods of suppression often rely on modification of alarm settings, such as modifying in memory code to fixed values or tampering with assembly level instruction code. ",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0885",
                    "external_id": "T0885"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:19.961Z",
            "name": "Commonly Used Port",
            "description": "Adversaries may communicate over a commonly used port to bypass firewalls or network detection systems and to blend in with normal network activity, to avoid more detailed inspection. They may use the protocol associated with the port, or a completely different protocol. They may use commonly open ports, such as the examples provided below. \n \n * TCP:80 (HTTP) \n * TCP:443 (HTTPS) \n * TCP/UDP:53 (DNS) \n * TCP:1024-4999 (OPC on XP/Win2k3) \n * TCP:49152-65535 (OPC on Vista and later) \n * TCP:23 (TELNET) \n * UDP:161 (SNMP) \n * TCP:502 (MODBUS) \n * TCP:102 (S7comm/ISO-TSAP) \n * TCP:20000 (DNP3) \n * TCP:44818 (Ethernet/IP)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "command-and-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Matan Dobrushin - Otorio"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0873",
                    "external_id": "T0873"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Beckhoff",
                    "description": "Beckhoff   TwinCAT 3 Source Control: Project Files Retrieved. 2019/11/21 ",
                    "url": "https://infosys.beckhoff.com/english.php?content=../content/1033/tc3_sourcecontrol/18014398915785483.html&id="
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "PLCdev",
                    "description": "PLCdev Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved. 2017/09/22  Siemens SIMATIC Step 7 Programmer's Handbook Retrieved. 2019/11/21 ",
                    "url": "http://www.plcdev.com/book/export/html/373"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:17.481Z",
            "name": "Project File Infection",
            "description": "Adversaries may attempt to infect project files with malicious code. These project files may consist of objects, program organization units, variables such as tags, documentation, and other configurations needed for PLC programs to function. (Citation: Beckhoff) Using built in functions of the engineering software, adversaries may be able to download an infected program to a PLC in the operating environment enabling further [Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0104) and [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0110) techniques. (Citation: PLCdev) \n\nAdversaries may export their own code into project files with conditions to execute at specific intervals. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011) Malicious programs allow adversaries control of all aspects of the process enabled by the PLC. Once the project file is downloaded to a PLC the workstation device may be disconnected with the infected project file still executing. (Citation: PLCdev)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "persistence"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0840",
                    "external_id": "T0840"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "MITRE",
                    "description": "MITRE   System Network Connections Discovery Retrieved. 2018/05/31 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/wiki/Technique/T1049"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Netstat",
                    "description": "Wikipedia. (n.d.). Netstat. Retrieved May 23, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netstat"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:18.381Z",
            "name": "Network Connection Enumeration",
            "description": "Adversaries may perform network connection enumeration to discover information about device communication patterns. If an adversary can inspect the state of a network connection with tools, such as Netstat(Citation: Netstat), in conjunction with [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0857), then they can determine the role of certain devices on the network  (Citation: MITRE). The adversary can also use [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0842) to watch network traffic for details about the source, destination, protocol, and content.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "discovery"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0867",
                    "external_id": "T0867"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Enterprise ATT&CK",
                    "description": "Enterprise ATT&CK Enterprise ATT&CK   Lateral Tool Transfer Retrieved. 2019/10/27  Lateral Tool Transfer Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:20.126Z",
            "name": "Lateral Tool Transfer",
            "description": "Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from one system to another to stage adversary tools or other files over the course of an operation. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK) Copying of files may also be performed laterally between internal victim systems to support Lateral Movement with remote Execution using inherent file sharing protocols such as file sharing over SMB to connected network shares. (Citation: Enterprise ATT&CK)\n\nIn control systems environments, malware may use SMB and other file sharing protocols to move laterally through industrial networks.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "lateral-movement"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839",
                    "external_id": "T0839"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Daniel Peck,  Dale Peterson January 2009",
                    "description": "Daniel Peck,  Dale Peterson 2009, January 28 Leveraging Ethernet Card Vulnerabilities in Field Devices Retrieved. 2017/12/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228849043_Leveraging_ethernet_card_vulnerabilities_in_field_devices"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:20.310Z",
            "name": "Module Firmware",
            "description": "Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.   \n\nThis technique is similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0857), but is conducted on other system components that may not have the same capabilities or level of integrity checking. Although it results in a device re-image, malicious device firmware may provide persistent access to remaining devices. (Citation: Daniel Peck,  Dale Peterson January 2009)  \n\nAn easy point of access for an adversary is the Ethernet card, which may have its own CPU, RAM, and operating system. The adversary may attack and likely exploit the computer on an Ethernet card. Exploitation of the Ethernet card computer may enable the adversary to accomplish additional attacks, such as the following: (Citation: Daniel Peck,  Dale Peterson January 2009)  \n\n* Delayed Attack - The adversary may stage an attack in advance and choose when to launch it, such as at a particularly damaging time.  \n* Brick the Ethernet Card - Malicious firmware may be programmed to result in an Ethernet card failure, requiring a factory return.  \n* Random Attack or Failure - The adversary may load malicious firmware onto multiple field devices. Execution of an attack and the time it occurs is generated by a pseudo-random number generator.   \n* A Field Device Worm - The adversary may choose to identify all field devices of the same model, with the end goal of performing a device-wide compromise.  \n* Attack Other Cards on the Field Device - Although it is not the most important module in a field device, the Ethernet card is most accessible to the adversary and malware. Compromise of the Ethernet card may provide a more direct route to compromising other modules, such as the CPU module.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "persistence"
                },
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "impair-process-control"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "created": "2020-05-21T17:43:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0883",
                    "external_id": "T0883"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Danny Yadron December 2015",
                    "description": "Danny Yadron 2015, December 20 Iranian Hackers Infiltrated New York Dam in 2013 Retrieved. 2019/11/07 ",
                    "url": "https://www.wsj.com/articles/iranian-hackers-infiltrated-new-york-dam-in-2013-1450662559"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mark Thompson March 2016",
                    "description": "Mark Thompson 2016, March 24 Iranian Cyber Attack on New York Dam Shows Future of War Retrieved. 2019/11/07 ",
                    "url": "https://time.com/4270728/iran-cyber-attack-dam-fbi/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "NCCIC January 2014",
                    "description": "NCCIC 2014, January 1 Internet Accessible Control Systems At Risk Retrieved. 2019/11/07 ",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/Monitors/ICS-CERT_Monitor_Jan-April2014.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Stephen Hilt, Federico Maggi, Charles Perine, Lord Remorin, Martin Rsler, and Rainer Vosseler",
                    "description": "Stephen Hilt, Federico Maggi, Charles Perine, Lord Remorin, Martin Rsler, and Rainer Vosseler Mark Thompson 2016, March 24 Iranian Cyber Attack on New York Dam Shows Future of War Retrieved. 2019/11/07  Caught in the Act: Running a Realistic Factory Honeypot to Capture Real Threats Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://documents.trendmicro.com/assets/white_papers/wp-caught-in-the-act-running-a-realistic-factory-honeypot-to-capture-real-threats.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:20.494Z",
            "name": "Internet Accessible Device",
            "description": "Adversaries may gain access into industrial environments through systems exposed directly to the internet for remote access rather than through [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0822). Internet Accessible Devices are exposed to the internet unintentionally or intentionally without adequate protections. This may allow for adversaries to move directly into the control system network. Access onto these devices is accomplished without the use of exploits, these would be represented within the [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0819) technique.\n\nAdversaries may leverage built in functions for remote access which may not be protected or utilize minimal legacy protections that may be targeted. (Citation: NCCIC January 2014) These services may be discoverable through the use of online scanning tools. \n\nIn the case of the Bowman dam incident, adversaries leveraged access to the dam control network through a cellular modem. Access to the device was protected by password authentication, although the application was vulnerable to brute forcing. (Citation: NCCIC January 2014) (Citation: Danny Yadron December 2015) (Citation: Mark Thompson March 2016)\n\nIn Trend Micros manufacturing deception operations adversaries were detected leveraging direct internet access to an ICS environment through the exposure of operational protocols such as Siemens S7, Omron FINS, and EtherNet/IP, in addition to misconfigured VNC access. (Citation: Stephen Hilt, Federico Maggi, Charles Perine, Lord Remorin, Martin Rsler, and Rainer Vosseler)",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "initial-access"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "created": "2023-03-30T18:56:02.424Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0893",
                    "external_id": "T0893"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:23.577Z",
            "name": "Data from Local System",
            "description": "Adversaries may target and collect data from local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, or local databases. This can include sensitive data such as specifications, schematics, or diagrams of control system layouts, devices, and processes.\n\nAdversaries may do this using [Command-Line Interface](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0807) or [Scripting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0853) techniques to interact with the file system to gather information. Adversaries may also use [Automated Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0802) on the local system. ",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "collection"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "created": "2023-03-30T14:04:17.023Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0892",
                    "external_id": "T0892"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "German BAS Lockout Dec 2021",
                    "description": "Kelly Jackson Higgins. (2021, December 20). Lights Out: Cyberattacks Shut Down Building Automation Systems. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.darkreading.com/attacks-breaches/lights-out-cyberattacks-shut-down-building-automation-systems"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:20.690Z",
            "name": "Change Credential",
            "description": "Adversaries may modify software and device credentials to prevent operator and responder access. Depending on the device, the modification or addition of this password could prevent any device configuration actions from being accomplished and may require a factory reset or replacement of hardware. These credentials are often built-in features provided by the device vendors as a means to restrict access to management interfaces.\n\nAn adversary with access to valid or hardcoded credentials could change the credential to prevent future authorized device access. Change Credential may be especially damaging when paired with other techniques such as Modify Program, Data Destruction, or Modify Controller Tasking. In these cases, a device\u2019s configuration may be destroyed or include malicious actions for the process environment, which cannot not be removed through normal device configuration actions. \n\nAdditionally, recovery of the device and original configuration may be difficult depending on the features provided by the device. In some cases, these passwords cannot be removed onsite and may require that the device be sent back to the vendor for additional recovery steps.\n\n\nA chain of incidents occurred in Germany, where adversaries locked operators out of their building automation system (BAS) controllers by enabling a previously unset BCU key. (Citation: German BAS Lockout Dec 2021) \n",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "inhibit-response-function"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Felix Eberstaller"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "attack-pattern",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0889",
                    "external_id": "T0889"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2013",
                    "description": "IEC 2013, February 20 IEC 61131-3:2013  Programmable controllers - Part 3: Programming languages Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/4552"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-15T19:59:24.213Z",
            "name": "Modify Program",
            "description": "Adversaries may modify or add a program on a controller to affect how it interacts with the physical process, peripheral devices and other hosts on the network. Modification to controller programs can be accomplished using a Program Download in addition to other types of program modification such as online edit and program append. \n\nProgram modification encompasses the addition and modification of instructions and logic contained in Program Organization Units (POU)  (Citation: IEC February 2013) and similar programming elements found on controllers. This can include, for example, adding new functions to a controller, modifying the logic in existing functions and making new calls from one function to another. \n\nSome programs may allow an adversary to interact directly with the native API of the controller to take advantage of obscure features or vulnerabilities.",
            "kill_chain_phases": [
                {
                    "kill_chain_name": "mitre-ics-attack",
                    "phase_name": "persistence"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_detection": "",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--0099659c-6a20-4331-9d47-b1c0c380fd6b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0749#AN1881",
                    "external_id": "AN1881"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1881",
            "description": "Monitor for unexpected/abnormal access to files that may be malicious collection of local data, such as user files (e.g., .pdf, .docx, .jpg, .dwg   ) or local databases.\nMonitor for newly executed processes that may search local system sources, such as file systems or local databases, to find files of interest and sensitive data.\nMonitor for any suspicious attempts to enable scripts running on a system. If scripts are not commonly used on a system, but enabled, scripts running out of cycle from patching or other administrator functions are suspicious. Scripts should be captured from the file system when possible to determine their actions and intent. Data may also be acquired through Windows system management tools such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).\nMonitor for API calls that may search local system sources, such as file systems or local databases, to find files of interest and sensitive data. \nMonitor executed commands and arguments that may search and collect local system sources, such as file systems or local databases, to find files of interest and sensitive data. Remote access tools with built-in features may interact directly with the Windows API to gather data. Data may also be acquired through Windows system management tools such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--235b7491-2d2b-4617-9a52-3c0783680f71",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9f387817-df83-432a-b56b-a8fb7f71eedd",
                    "name": "Script",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--058d856a-6356-402f-b3ff-a7c1b6186921",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0804#AN1936",
                    "external_id": "AN1936"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1936",
            "description": "Monitor network data for uncommon  data flows (e.g., time of day, unusual source/destination address) that may be related to abuse of [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859) to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as RDP, Telnet, SSH, and VNC.\nMonitor DLL file events, specifically creation of these files as well as the loading of DLLs into processes specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as RDP, Telnet, SSH, and VNC.\nMonitor for user accounts logged into systems they would not normally access or abnormal access patterns, such as multiple systems over a relatively short period of time. Correlate use of login activity related to remote services with unusual behavior or other malicious or suspicious activity. Adversaries will likely need to learn about an environment and the relationships between systems through Discovery techniques prior to attempting Lateral Movement. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) and applicable sub-techniques.\nMonitor for newly executed processes related to services specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as RDP, Telnet, SSH, and VNC. The adversary may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859) to login and may perform follow-on actions that spawn additional processes as the user.\nMonitor executed commands and arguments to services specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as RDP, Telnet, SSH, and VNC. The adversary may then perform these actions using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859).\nMonitor for newly constructed network connections into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as RDP, Telnet, SSH, and VNC. Monitor network connections involving common remote management protocols, such as ports tcp:3283 and tcp:5900, as well as ports tcp:3389 and tcp:22 for remote logins. The adversary may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859) to enable remote logins.\nMonitor interactions with network shares, such as reads or file transfers, using remote services such as Server Message Block (SMB). For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) and applicable sub-techniques.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--c0a4a086-cc20-4e1e-b7cb-29d99dfa3fb1",
                    "name": "Module",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--181a9f8c-c780-4f1f-91a8-edb770e904ba",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--f5468e67-51c7-4756-9b4f-65707708e7fa",
                    "name": "Network Share",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--05ca4f07-df4f-4e88-b216-f40ca6ce39b8",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0722#AN1855",
                    "external_id": "AN1855"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "EyeofRa Detecting Hooking June 2017",
                    "description": "Eye of Ra. (2017, June 27). Windows Keylogger Part 2: Defense against user-land. Retrieved December 12, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://eyeofrablog.wordpress.com/2017/06/27/windows-keylogger-part-2-defense-against-user-land/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Zairon Hooking Dec 2006",
                    "description": "Felici, M. (2006, December 6). Any application-defined hook procedure on my machine?. Retrieved December 12, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://zairon.wordpress.com/2006/12/06/any-application-defined-hook-procedure-on-my-machine/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Hook Overview",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (n.d.). Hooks Overview. Retrieved December 12, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms644959.aspx"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "PreKageo Winhook Jul 2011",
                    "description": "Prekas, G. (2011, July 11). Winhook. Retrieved December 12, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://github.com/prekageo/winhook"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Jay GetHooks Sept 2011",
                    "description": "Satiro, J. (2011, September 14). GetHooks. Retrieved December 12, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://github.com/jay/gethooks"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Volatility Detecting Hooks Sept 2012",
                    "description": "Volatility Labs. (2012, September 24). MoVP 3.1 Detecting Malware Hooks in the Windows GUI Subsystem. Retrieved December 12, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://volatility-labs.blogspot.com/2012/09/movp-31-detecting-malware-hooks-in.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1855",
            "description": "Monitor for API calls that can be used to install a hook procedure, such as the SetWindowsHookEx and SetWinEventHook functions.(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview)(Citation: Volatility Detecting Hooks Sept 2012) Also consider analyzing hook chains (which hold pointers to hook procedures for each type of hook) using tools(Citation: Volatility Detecting Hooks Sept 2012)(Citation: PreKageo Winhook Jul 2011)(Citation: Jay GetHooks Sept 2011) or by programmatically examining internal kernel structures.(Citation: Zairon Hooking Dec 2006)(Citation: EyeofRa Detecting Hooking June 2017)\nVerify integrity of live processes by comparing code in memory to that of corresponding static binaries, specifically checking for jumps and other instructions that redirect code flow.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--ee575f4a-2d4f-48f6-b18b-89067760adc1",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--11a350cf-1ea0-4065-877b-c3bb410bf3a0",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0784#AN1916",
                    "external_id": "AN1916"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1916",
            "description": "Monitor for the termination of processes or services associated with ICS automation protocols and application software which could help detect blocked communications.\nMonitor for lack of operational process data which may help identify a loss of communications. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nMonitor application logs for changes to settings and other events associated with network protocols that may be used to block communications.\nMonitor for a loss of network communications, which may indicate this technique is being used.\nMonitor asset alarms which may help identify a loss of communications. Consider correlating alarms with other data sources that indicate traffic has been blocked, such as network traffic. In cases where alternative methods of communicating with outstations exist alarms may still be visible even if command messages are blocked.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--61f1d40e-f3d0-4cc6-aa2d-937b6204194f",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--4c12c1c8-bcef-4daf-8e5b-fca235f71d9e",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--1672d2e3-8756-4380-b22c-517aa9f1cce0",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0754#AN1886",
                    "external_id": "AN1886"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Atlassian Confluence Logging",
                    "description": "Atlassian. (2018, January 9). How to Enable User Access Logging. Retrieved April 4, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://confluence.atlassian.com/confkb/how-to-enable-user-access-logging-182943.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft SharePoint Logging",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2017, July 19). Configure audit settings for a site collection. Retrieved April 4, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://support.office.com/en-us/article/configure-audit-settings-for-a-site-collection-a9920c97-38c0-44f2-8bcb-4cf1e2ae22d2"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sharepoint Sharing Events",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (n.d.). Sharepoint Sharing Events. Retrieved October 8, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/compliance/use-sharing-auditing?view=o365-worldwide#sharepoint-sharing-events"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1886",
            "description": "Monitor for newly constructed logon behavior within Microsoft's SharePoint can be configured to report access to certain pages and documents.(Citation: Microsoft SharePoint Logging) Sharepoint audit logging can also be configured to report when a user shares a resource.(Citation: Sharepoint Sharing Events) The user access logging within Atlassian's Confluence can also be configured to report access to certain pages and documents through AccessLogFilter.(Citation: Atlassian Confluence Logging) Additional log storage and analysis infrastructure will likely be required for more robust detection capabilities. \nIn the case of detecting collection from shared network drives monitor for unexpected and abnormal accesses to network shares. \nMonitor for third-party application logging, messaging, and/or other artifacts that may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information. Information repositories generally have a considerably large user base, detection of malicious use can be non-trivial. At minimum, access to information repositories performed by privileged users (for example, Active Directory Domain, Enterprise, or Schema Administrators) should be closely monitored and alerted upon, as these types of accounts should generally not be used to access information repositories. If the capability exists, it may be of value to monitor and alert on users that are retrieving and viewing a large number of documents and pages; this behavior may be indicative of programmatic means being used to retrieve all data within the repository. In environments with high-maturity, it may be possible to leverage User-Behavioral Analytics (UBA) platforms to detect and alert on user-based anomalies.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--f5468e67-51c7-4756-9b4f-65707708e7fa",
                    "name": "Network Share",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--1be515a0-2656-4b35-a561-e8157169350d",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0727#AN1860",
                    "external_id": "AN1860"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1860",
            "description": "Monitor ICS automation network protocols for functions related to reading an operational process state (e.g., \u201cRead\u201d function codes in protocols like DNP3 or Modbus). In some cases, there may be multiple ways to monitor an operational process\u2019 state, one of which is typically used in the operational environment. Monitor for the operating mode being checked in unexpected ways.\nMonitor applications logs for any access attempts to operational databases (e.g., historians) or other sources of operational data within the ICS environment. These devices should be monitored for adversary collection using techniques relevant to the underlying technologies (e.g., Windows, Linux).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--1e9c5d46-14e2-4efc-8861-e6dc942b3b9c",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0763#AN1895",
                    "external_id": "AN1895"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1895",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--2195ec67-7cea-4b0d-a678-18384089bf2c",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0741#AN1874",
                    "external_id": "AN1874"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1874",
            "description": "Monitor asset application logs for information that indicate task parameters have changed.\nMonitor device alarms that indicate controller task parameters have changed, although not all devices produce such alarms.\n \n[Program Download](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0843) may be used to enable this technique. Monitor for program downloads which may be noticeable via operational alarms. Asset management systems should be consulted to understand expected program versions.\nEngineering and asset management software will often maintain a copy of the expected program loaded on a controller and may also record any changes made to controller programs and tasks. Data from these platforms can be used to identify modified controller tasking.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--8ed4e6d0-56d7-4e6b-8fa6-41f41631f30d",
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--2388dc31-ba9a-4c12-b4b9-28bbc981c73e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0726#AN1859",
                    "external_id": "AN1859"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nzyme Alerts Intro",
                    "description": "Koopmann, Lennart. (n.d.). Nzyme Alerts Introduction. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.nzyme.org/wifi/monitoring/network-monitoring/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wireless Intrusion Detection",
                    "description": "Tomko, A.; Rieser, C; Buell, H.; Zeret, D.; Turner, W.. (2007, March). Wireless Intrusion Detection. Retrieved September 26, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA466332.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1859",
            "description": "Monitor login sessions for new or unexpected devices or sessions on wireless networks.\nMonitor application logs for new or unexpected devices or sessions on wireless networks.\nNew or irregular network traffic flows may indicate potentially unwanted devices or sessions on wireless networks. In Wi-Fi networks monitor for changes such as rogue access points or low signal strength, indicating a device is further away from the access point then expected and changes in the physical layer signal.(Citation: Nzyme Alerts Intro) (Citation: Wireless Intrusion Detection) Network traffic content will provide important context, such as hardware (e.g., MAC) addresses, user accounts, and types of messages sent.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--23ce0ac3-6afe-4647-be72-e1e9bcd1490e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0793#AN1925",
                    "external_id": "AN1925"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1925",
            "description": "Monitor for any suspicious attempts to enable script execution on a system. If scripts are not commonly used on a system, but enabled, scripts running out of cycle from patching or other administrator functions are suspicious. Scripts should be captured from the file system when possible to determine their actions and intent.\nMonitor executed commands and associated arguments for application programs which support executing custom code, scripts, commands, or executables. \nMonitor for unusual processes execution, especially for processes that allow the proxy execution of malicious files.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9f387817-df83-432a-b56b-a8fb7f71eedd",
                    "name": "Script",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--23eb2bc3-735d-4425-96e1-f9d3a1453bfa",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0794#AN1926",
                    "external_id": "AN1926"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1926",
            "description": "Monitor industrial process history data for events that correspond with command message functions, such as setpoint modification or changes to system status for key devices. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nMonitor for anomalous or unexpected commands that may result in changes to the process operation (e.g., discrete write, logic and device configuration, mode changes) observable via asset application logs.\nMonitor for new or unexpected connections to controllers, which could indicate an Unauthorized Command Message being sent via [Rogue Master](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0848).\nMonitor for anomalous or unexpected commands that may result in changes to the process operation (e.g., discrete write, logic and device configuration, mode changes) observable via asset application logs.\nMonitor for unexpected ICS protocol command functions to controllers from existing master devices (including from new processes) or from new devices. The latter is like detection for [Rogue Master](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0848) but requires ICS function level insight to determine if an unauthorized device is issuing commands (e.g., a historian).\n\nMonitoring for unexpected or problematic values below the function level will provide better insights into potentially malicious activity but at the cost of additional false positives depending on the underlying operational process.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--4c12c1c8-bcef-4daf-8e5b-fca235f71d9e",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--28eb77c1-1834-4b7a-a06f-afebb7f2e756",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0800#AN1932",
                    "external_id": "AN1932"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1932",
            "description": "Monitor for newly executed processes that can aid in sniffing network traffic to capture information about an environment.\nMonitor executed commands and arguments for actions that aid in sniffing network traffic to capture information about an environment.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--29b6e4b8-878c-4139-aa56-7e1513714d34",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0775#AN1907",
                    "external_id": "AN1907"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1907",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--302a5327-70cf-44b5-b592-ce9a62014dcc",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0735#AN1868",
                    "external_id": "AN1868"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1868",
            "description": "Monitor command-line arguments for script execution and subsequent behavior. Actions may be related to network and system information Discovery, Collection, or other scriptable post-compromise behaviors and could be used as indicators of detection leading back to the source script. Scripts are likely to perform actions with various effects on a system that may generate events, depending on the types of monitoring used. \nMonitor log files for process execution through command-line and scripting activities. This information can be useful in gaining additional insight to adversaries' actions through how they use native processes or custom tools. Also monitor for loading of modules associated with specific languages.\nMonitor contextual data about a running process, which may include information such as environment variables, image name, user/owner, or other information that may reveal abuse of system features. \nMonitor for events associated with scripting execution, such as the loading of modules associated with scripting languages (e.g., JScript.dll, vbscript.dll).\nMonitor for any attempts to enable scripts running on a system would be considered suspicious. If scripts are not commonly used on a system, but enabled, scripts running out of cycle from patching or other administrator functions are suspicious. Scripts should be captured from the file system when possible to determine their actions and intent.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--ee575f4a-2d4f-48f6-b18b-89067760adc1",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--c0a4a086-cc20-4e1e-b7cb-29d99dfa3fb1",
                    "name": "Module",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9f387817-df83-432a-b56b-a8fb7f71eedd",
                    "name": "Script",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--322ac45b-d540-4d2a-84a1-cde200238b95",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0739#AN1872",
                    "external_id": "AN1872"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Elastic - Koadiac Detection with EQL",
                    "description": "Stepanic, D.. (2020, January 13). Embracing offensive tooling: Building detections against Koadic using EQL. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.elastic.co/security-labs/embracing-offensive-tooling-building-detections-against-koadic-using-eql"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1872",
            "description": "Monitor for files (such as /etc/hosts) being accessed that may attempt to get a listing of other systems by IP address, hostname, or other logical identifier on a network that may be used for Lateral Movement from the current system.\nMonitor for newly executed processes that can be used to discover remote systems, such as ping.exe and tracert.exe  , especially when executed in quick succession.(Citation: Elastic - Koadiac Detection with EQL) Consider monitoring for new processes engaging in scanning activity or connecting to multiple systems by correlating process creation network data.\nMonitor for anomalies related to discovery related ICS functions, including devices that have not previously used these functions or for functions being sent to many outstations. Note that some ICS protocols use broadcast or multicast functionality, which may produce false positives. Also monitor for hosts enumerating network connected resources using non-ICS enterprise protocols.\nMonitor for new ICS protocol connections to existing assets or for device scanning (i.e., a host connecting to many devices) over ICS and enterprise protocols (e.g., ICMP, DCOM, WinRM). For added context on adversary enterprise procedures and background see [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--235b7491-2d2b-4617-9a52-3c0783680f71",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--32bfb2ab-2ad1-4c00-8428-96bc626c34f3",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0746#AN1879",
                    "external_id": "AN1879"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1879",
            "description": "Various techniques enable spoofing a reporting message. Consider monitoring for [Rogue Master](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0848) and [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0830) activity which may precede this technique.\nMonitor asset logs for alarms or other information the adversary is unable to directly suppress. Relevant alarms include those from a loss of communications due to [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0830) activity.\nVarious techniques enable spoofing a reporting message. Monitor for LLMNR/NBT-NS poisoning via new services/daemons which may be used to enable this technique. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [LLMNR/NBT-NS Poisoning and SMB Relay](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557/001).\nSpoofed reporting messages may be detected by reviewing the content of automation protocols, either through detecting based on expected values or comparing to other out of band process data sources. Spoofed messages may not precisely match legitimate messages which may lead to malformed traffic, although traffic may be malformed for many benign reasons. Monitor reporting messages for changes in how they are constructed.\n\nVarious techniques enable spoofing a reporting message. Consider monitoring for [Rogue Master](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0848) and [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0830) activity.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--da85d358-741a-410d-9433-20d6269a6170",
                    "name": "Windows Registry",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--32db74f9-d46d-4728-891a-113a8b8e2b07",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0782#AN1914",
                    "external_id": "AN1914"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1914",
            "description": "Monitor for unusual network traffic that may indicate additional tools transferred to the system. Use network intrusion detection systems, sometimes with SSL/TLS inspection, to look for known malicious scripts (recon, heap spray, and browser identification scripts have been frequently reused), common script obfuscation, and exploit code.\nFirewalls and proxies can inspect URLs for potentially known-bad domains or parameters. They can also do reputation-based analytics on websites and their requested resources such as how old a domain is, who it's registered to, if it's on a known bad list, or how many other users have connected to it before.\nMonitor for behaviors on the endpoint system that might indicate successful compromise, such as abnormal behaviors of browser processes. This could include suspicious files written to disk.\nMonitor for newly constructed files written to disk through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.\nMonitor for newly constructed network connections to untrusted hosts that are used to send or receive data.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--2b3bfe19-d59a-460d-93bb-2f546adc2d2c",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--181a9f8c-c780-4f1f-91a8-edb770e904ba",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--330166da-bc80-4aca-bd41-cbd6b1742812",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0777#AN1909",
                    "external_id": "AN1909"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1909",
            "description": "Monitor ICS asset application logs that indicate alarm settings have changed, although not all assets will produce such logs.\nConsult asset management systems to understand expected alarm settings.\nData about the industrial process may indicate it is operating outside of expected bounds and could help indicate that that an alarm setting has changed. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nMonitor for alarm setting changes observable in automation or management network protocols.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b05a614b-033c-4578-b4f2-c63a9feee706",
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--354b93da-06e9-4634-a5fd-7f9b7b3a9d5a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0797#AN1929",
                    "external_id": "AN1929"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1929",
            "description": "Monitor asset alarms which may help identify a loss of communications. Consider correlating alarms with other data sources that indicate traffic has been blocked, such as network traffic. In cases where alternative methods of communicating with outstations exist alarms may still be visible even if messages over serial COM ports are blocked.\nMonitor for a loss of network communications, which may indicate this technique is being used.\nMonitor for lack of operational process data which may help identify a loss of communications. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nMonitor application logs for changes to settings and other events associated with network protocols that may be used to block communications.\nMonitor for the termination of processes or services associated with ICS automation protocols and application software which could help detect blocked communications.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--4c12c1c8-bcef-4daf-8e5b-fca235f71d9e",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--61f1d40e-f3d0-4cc6-aa2d-937b6204194f",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--37d989e6-14cd-49a4-adec-3d8b72c8dc22",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0792#AN1924",
                    "external_id": "AN1924"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1924",
            "description": "Consult asset management systems which may help with the detection of computer systems or network devices that should not exist on a network.\nMonitor for network traffic originating from unknown/unexpected devices or addresses.  Local network traffic metadata could be used to identify unexpected connections, including unknown/unexpected source MAC addresses connecting to ports associated with operational protocols. Also, network management protocols such as DHCP and ARP may be helpful in identifying unexpected devices. \nMonitor for new master devices communicating with outstations, which may be visible in alarms within the ICS environment.\nMonitor for unexpected ICS protocol functions from new and existing devices. Monitoring known devices requires ICS function level insight to determine if an unauthorized device is issuing commands (e.g., a historian).\nMonitor for new master devices communicating with outstation assets, which may be visible in asset application logs.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b05a614b-033c-4578-b4f2-c63a9feee706",
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--383a1a1c-8ecf-4909-9237-14a1f4fc4179",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0747#AN1880",
                    "external_id": "AN1880"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1880",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--393d7e7b-0790-49e7-9bcd-87ab4662b05e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0789#AN1921",
                    "external_id": "AN1921"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1921",
            "description": "Monitor asset alarms which may help identify a loss of communications. Consider correlating alarms with other data sources that indicate traffic has been blocked, such as network traffic. In cases where alternative methods of communicating with outstations exist alarms may still be visible even if reporting messages are blocked.  \nMonitor for the termination of processes or services associated with ICS automation protocols and application software which could help detect blocked communications.\nMonitor application logs for changes to settings and other events associated with network protocols that may be used to block communications.\nMonitor for a loss of network communications, which may indicate this technique is being used.\nMonitor for lack of operational process data which may help identify a loss of communications. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--4c12c1c8-bcef-4daf-8e5b-fca235f71d9e",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--61f1d40e-f3d0-4cc6-aa2d-937b6204194f",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--3c6a21cb-8643-41bc-94a1-e860b02a1cad",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0761#AN1893",
                    "external_id": "AN1893"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1893",
            "description": "Program uploads may be observable in ICS management protocols or file transfer protocols. Note when protocol functions related to program uploads occur. In cases where the ICS protocols is not well understood, one option is to examine network traffic for the program files themselves using signature-based tools.\nMonitor device communication patterns to identify irregular bulk transfers of data between the embedded ICS asset and other nodes within the network. Note these indicators are dependent on the profile of normal operations and the capabilities of the industrial automation protocols involved (e.g., partial program uploads).\nMonitor for device alarms produced when program uploads occur, although not all devices will produce such alarms.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--3e456d4d-397d-4e04-9261-9399960c9633",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0767#AN1899",
                    "external_id": "AN1899"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1899",
            "description": "Detecting software exploitation may be difficult depending on the tools available. Software exploits may not always succeed or may cause the exploited process to become unstable or crash, which may be recorded in the application log.\nUse deep packet inspection to look for artifacts of common exploit traffic, such as known payloads.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--3f10ffe9-fa73-4aeb-bf98-322831bf757f",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0731#AN1864",
                    "external_id": "AN1864"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "McAfee CHIPSEC Blog",
                    "description": "Beek, C., Samani, R. (2017, March 8). CHIPSEC Support Against Vault 7 Disclosure Scanning. Retrieved March 13, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://securingtomorrow.mcafee.com/business/chipsec-support-vault-7-disclosure-scanning/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "MITRE Copernicus",
                    "description": "Butterworth, J. (2013, July 30). Copernicus: Question Your Assumptions about BIOS Security. Retrieved December 11, 2015.",
                    "url": "http://www.mitre.org/capabilities/cybersecurity/overview/cybersecurity-blog/copernicus-question-your-assumptions-about"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Intel HackingTeam UEFI Rootkit",
                    "description": "Intel Security. (2005, July 16). HackingTeam's UEFI Rootkit Details. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20170313124421/http://www.intelsecurity.com/advanced-threat-research/content/data/HT-UEFI-rootkit.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Github CHIPSEC",
                    "description": "Intel. (2017, March 18). CHIPSEC Platform Security Assessment Framework. Retrieved March 20, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://github.com/chipsec/chipsec"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1864",
            "description": "Monitor for firmware changes which may be observable via operational alarms from devices.\nMonitor device application logs for firmware changes, although not all devices will produce such logs.\nMonitor firmware for unexpected changes. Asset management systems should be consulted to understand known-good firmware versions. Dump and inspect BIOS images on vulnerable systems and compare against known good images.(Citation: MITRE Copernicus) Analyze differences to determine if malicious changes have occurred. Log attempts to read/write to BIOS and compare against known patching behavior. Likewise, EFI modules can be collected and compared against a known-clean list of EFI executable binaries to detect potentially malicious modules. The CHIPSEC framework can be used for analysis to determine if firmware modifications have been performed.(Citation: McAfee CHIPSEC Blog) (Citation: Github CHIPSEC) (Citation: Intel HackingTeam UEFI Rootkit)\nMonitor ICS management protocols / file transfer protocols for protocol functions related to firmware changes.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b9d031bb-d150-4fc6-8025-688201bf3ffd",
                    "name": "Firmware",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--484023ea-6fea-4f91-b40d-c6d87188cbfe",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0788#AN1920",
                    "external_id": "AN1920"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1920",
            "description": "Monitor ICS automation protocols for anomalies related to reading point or tag data, such as new assets using these functions, changes in volume or timing, or unusual information being queried. Many protocols provide multiple ways to achieve the same result (e.g., functions with/without an acknowledgment or functions that operate on a single point vs. multiple points). Monitor for changes in the functions used.\nMonitor asset application logs which may provide information about requests for points or tags. Look for anomalies related to reading point or tag data, such as new assets using these functions, changes in volume or timing, or unusual information being queried. Many devices provide multiple ways to achieve the same result (e.g., functions with/without an acknowledgment or functions that operate on a single point vs. multiple points). Monitor for changes in the functions used.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--48d2023b-469d-4f9f-a4e6-010be72436b9",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0776#AN1908",
                    "external_id": "AN1908"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1908",
            "description": "Monitor asset management systems for device configuration changes which can be used to understand expected parameter settings.\nMonitor device application logs parameter changes, although not all devices will produce such logs.\nMonitor for device alarms produced when parameters are changed, although not all devices will produce such alarms.\nMonitor ICS management protocols for parameter changes, including for unexpected values, changes far exceeding standard values, or for parameters being changed in an unexpected way (e.g., via a new function, at an unusual time).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b05a614b-033c-4578-b4f2-c63a9feee706",
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--55544bb8-440f-4b67-aa35-7e7af5952aca",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0750#AN1882",
                    "external_id": "AN1882"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1882",
            "description": "Monitor executed commands and arguments that may delete or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware.\nMonitor for API calls that may delete or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware.\nMonitor for changes made to Windows Registry keys or values that may delete or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Indicator Removal](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1070) and applicable sub-techniques.\nMonitor for contextual file data that may show signs of deletion or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware.\nMonitor Windows registry keys that may be deleted or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Indicator Removal](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1070) and applicable sub-techniques.\nMonitor for a file that may delete or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware.\nMonitor for changes made to a file may delete or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware.\nMonitor for newly executed processes that may delete or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--da85d358-741a-410d-9433-20d6269a6170",
                    "name": "Windows Registry",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--639e87f3-acb6-448a-9645-258f20da4bc5",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--1177a4c5-31c8-400c-8544-9071166afa0e",
                    "name": "Windows Registry",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--e905dad2-00d6-477c-97e8-800427abd0e8",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--84572de3-9583-4c73-aabd-06ea88123dd8",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--5610211c-1458-4333-8640-384189d9318e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0781#AN1913",
                    "external_id": "AN1913"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Elastic - Koadiac Detection with EQL",
                    "description": "Stepanic, D.. (2020, January 13). Embracing offensive tooling: Building detections against Koadic using EQL. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.elastic.co/security-labs/embracing-offensive-tooling-building-detections-against-koadic-using-eql"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ACSC Email Spoofing",
                    "description": "Australian Cyber Security Centre. (2012, December). Mitigating Spoofed Emails Using Sender Policy Framework. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210708014107/https://www.cyber.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-03/spoof_email_sender_policy_framework.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Anti Spoofing",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2020, October 13). Anti-spoofing protection in EOP. Retrieved October 19, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/office-365-security/anti-spoofing-protection?view=o365-worldwide"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1913",
            "description": "Monitor for suspicious descendant process spawning from Microsoft Office and other productivity software.(Citation: Elastic - Koadiac Detection with EQL) For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).\nMonitor for newly constructed files from a spearphishing emails with a malicious attachment in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.\nMonitor network traffic for suspicious email attachments. Consider correlation with process monitoring and command line to detect anomalous processes execution and command line arguments associated to traffic patterns (e.g., monitor anomalies in use of files that do not normally initiate connections for respective protocol(s)). Use web proxies to review content of emails including sender information, headers, and attachments for potentially malicious content.\nMonitor mail server and proxy logs for evidence of messages originating from spoofed addresses, including records indicating failed DKIM+SPF validation or mismatched message headers.(Citation: Microsoft Anti Spoofing)(Citation: ACSC Email Spoofing) Anti-virus can potentially detect malicious documents and attachments as they're scanned to be stored on the email server or on the user's computer.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--2b3bfe19-d59a-460d-93bb-2f546adc2d2c",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--636e612f-0b63-44e8-bf2c-31b62d20508b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0762#AN1894",
                    "external_id": "AN1894"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1894",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--66070162-d51e-46e7-8d32-2140fd5e7086",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0751#AN1883",
                    "external_id": "AN1883"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CopyFromScreen .NET",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (n.d.). Graphics.CopyFromScreen Method. Retrieved March 24, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.drawing.graphics.copyfromscreen?view=netframework-4.8"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Antiquated Mac Malware",
                    "description": "Thomas Reed. (2017, January 18). New Mac backdoor using antiquated code. Retrieved July 5, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/threat-analysis/2017/01/new-mac-backdoor-using-antiquated-code/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1883",
            "description": "Monitor executed commands and arguments that may attempt to take screen captures of the desktop to gather information over the course of an operation.\nMonitoring for screen capture behavior will depend on the method used to obtain data from the operating system and write output files. Detection methods could include collecting information from unusual processes using API calls used to obtain image data, and monitoring for image files written to disk, such as CopyFromScreen, xwd, or screencapture.(Citation: CopyFromScreen .NET)(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware) The data may need to be correlated with other events to identify malicious activity, depending on the legitimacy of this behavior within a given network environment.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--68073351-4e4f-40e4-9394-a9166bb346d7",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0769#AN1901",
                    "external_id": "AN1901"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1901",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--6b3b3e92-bef7-4977-9895-29036bab29f1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0765#AN1897",
                    "external_id": "AN1897"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1897",
            "description": "Monitor for changes made to files that may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users.\nMonitor executed commands and arguments that may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users.\nRemote access tools with built-in features may interact directly with the Windows API to perform these functions outside of typical system utilities. For example, ChangeServiceConfigW may be used by an adversary to prevent services from starting. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Service Stop](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489).\nMonitor processes and command-line arguments to see if critical processes are terminated or stop running. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Service Stop](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489).\nAlterations to the service binary path or the service startup type changed to disabled may be suspicious.\nMonitor for changes made to Windows registry keys and/or values that may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users.\nMonitor for newly executed processes that may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--84572de3-9583-4c73-aabd-06ea88123dd8",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--61f1d40e-f3d0-4cc6-aa2d-937b6204194f",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--74fa567d-bc90-425c-8a41-3c703abb221c",
                    "name": "Service",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--da85d358-741a-410d-9433-20d6269a6170",
                    "name": "Windows Registry",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--6e046c4c-6c93-4fdf-a69e-5d81b52d1e9c",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0766#AN1898",
                    "external_id": "AN1898"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1898",
            "description": "Monitor for unexpected changes to project files, although if the malicious modification occurs in tandem with legitimate changes it will be difficult to isolate the unintended changes by analyzing only file systems modifications.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--84572de3-9583-4c73-aabd-06ea88123dd8",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--7107739b-92d2-41fa-9fc8-ebe72f6086ee",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0760#AN1892",
                    "external_id": "AN1892"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1892",
            "description": "On Windows and Unix systems monitor executed commands and arguments that may use shell commands for execution. Shells may be common on administrator, developer, or power user systems depending on job function.\n\nOn network device and embedded system CLIs consider reviewing command history if unauthorized or suspicious commands were used to modify device configuration.\nMonitor logs from installed applications (e.g., historian logs) for unexpected commands or abuse of system features.\nMonitor for processes spawning from known command shell applications (e.g., PowerShell, Bash). Benign activity will need to be allow-listed. This information can be useful in gaining additional insight to adversaries' actions through how they use native processes or custom tools.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--77857bc3-6a38-4826-8109-30facf6c23ec",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0737#AN1870",
                    "external_id": "AN1870"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1870",
            "description": "Monitor operational process data for write commands for an excessive number of I/O points or manipulating a single value an excessive number of times. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nSome asset application logs may provide information on I/O points related to write commands. Monitor for write commands for an excessive number of I/O points or manipulating a single value an excessive number of times.\nMonitor network traffic for ICS functions related to write commands for an excessive number of I/O points or manipulating a single value an excessive number of times.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--7841eb6b-8a05-4754-b738-a475bfbb89fb",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0773#AN1905",
                    "external_id": "AN1905"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1905",
            "description": "A manipulated I/O image requires analyzing the application program running on the PLC for specific data block writes. Detecting this requires obtaining and analyzing a PLC\u2019s application program, either directly from the device or from asset management platforms.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--8ed4e6d0-56d7-4e6b-8fa6-41f41631f30d",
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--78615cd7-6a14-4921-aaa9-2aae0774f0f1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0755#AN1887",
                    "external_id": "AN1887"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1887",
            "description": "Monitor ICS management protocols for functions that change an asset\u2019s operating mode.\nMonitor device application logs which may contain information related to operating mode changes, although not all devices produce such logs.\nMonitor alarms for information about when an operating mode is changed, although not all devices produce such logs.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--791310ad-7db5-41df-9fa5-fa4097d8a51d",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0725#AN1858",
                    "external_id": "AN1858"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Twitter ItsReallyNick Masquerading Update",
                    "description": "Carr, N.. (2018, October 25). Nick Carr Status Update Masquerading. Retrieved September 12, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://x.com/ItsReallyNick/status/1055321652777619457"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1858",
            "description": "Monitor for newly constructed services/daemons that may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.\nMonitor for changes made to files outside of an update or patch that may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.\nMonitor for file names that are mismatched between the file name on disk and that of the binary's metadata. This is a likely indicator that a binary was renamed after it was compiled. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) and applicable sub-techniques.\nMonitor executed commands and arguments that may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.(Citation: Twitter ItsReallyNick Masquerading Update)\nMonitor for changes made to scheduled jobs that may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.\nMonitor for changes made to services that may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.\nCollect file hashes. Monitor for file names that do not match their expected hash. Perform file monitoring. Files with known names but in unusual locations are suspect.  Look for indications of common characters that may indicate an attempt to trick users into misidentifying the file type, such as a space as the last character of a file name or the right-to-left override characters\"\\u202E\", \"[U+202E]\", and \"%E2%80%AE\". For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) and applicable sub-techniques.\nMonitor for newly constructed scheduled jobs that may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--5297a638-1382-4f0c-8472-0d21830bf705",
                    "name": "Service",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--84572de3-9583-4c73-aabd-06ea88123dd8",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--ee575f4a-2d4f-48f6-b18b-89067760adc1",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--faa34cf6-cf32-4dc9-bd6a-8f7a606ff65b",
                    "name": "Scheduled Job",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--66531bc6-a509-4868-8314-4d599e91d222",
                    "name": "Service",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--639e87f3-acb6-448a-9645-258f20da4bc5",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--f42df6f0-6395-4f0c-9376-525a031f00c3",
                    "name": "Scheduled Job",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--7aa60595-5a1c-4de2-be60-cc1f9fea2313",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0770#AN1902",
                    "external_id": "AN1902"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1902",
            "description": "Monitor executed commands and arguments that may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems. Also monitor executed commands and arguments that may attempt to get a listing of network connections to or from the compromised system they are currently accessing or from remote systems by querying for information over the network. Information may also be acquired through Windows system management tools such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).\nMonitor for executed processes (such as ipconfig/ifconfig and arp) with arguments that may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses. Also monitor for executed processes that may attempt to get a listing of network connections to or from the compromised system they are currently accessing or from remote systems by querying for information over the network.\nMonitor for any suspicious attempts to enable script execution on a system. If scripts are not commonly used on a system, but enabled, scripts running out of cycle from patching or other administrator functions are suspicious. Scripts should be captured from the file system when possible to determine their actions and intent.\nMonitor for API calls (such as GetAdaptersInfo() and GetIpNetTable()) that may gather details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses. Also monitor for API calls that may attempt to get a listing of network connections to or from the compromised system they are currently accessing or from remote systems by querying for information over the network. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) and [System Network Connections Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1049).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9f387817-df83-432a-b56b-a8fb7f71eedd",
                    "name": "Script",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--7ec4b791-7054-442f-8967-6d6fa5e8678b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0786#AN1918",
                    "external_id": "AN1918"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1918",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--8428e0cd-009e-41c1-8292-88651d4486c9",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0729#AN1862",
                    "external_id": "AN1862"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1862",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--87f5d864-d79b-474a-a3b4-43673dcb9f90",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0796#AN1928",
                    "external_id": "AN1928"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1928",
            "description": "Monitor logon activity for unexpected or unusual access to devices from the Internet.\nMonitor for unexpected protocols to/from the Internet. While network traffic content and logon session metadata may directly identify a login event, new Internet-based network flows may also be a reliable indicator of this technique.\nMonitor for unusual logins to Internet connected devices or unexpected protocols to/from the Internet. Network traffic content will provide valuable context and details about the content of network flows.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--39b9db72-8b48-4595-a18d-db5bbba3091b",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--880a1133-6639-42f0-96a8-3e914426d38b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0790#AN1922",
                    "external_id": "AN1922"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "McAfee CHIPSEC Blog",
                    "description": "Beek, C., Samani, R. (2017, March 8). CHIPSEC Support Against Vault 7 Disclosure Scanning. Retrieved March 13, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://securingtomorrow.mcafee.com/business/chipsec-support-vault-7-disclosure-scanning/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "MITRE Copernicus",
                    "description": "Butterworth, J. (2013, July 30). Copernicus: Question Your Assumptions about BIOS Security. Retrieved December 11, 2015.",
                    "url": "http://www.mitre.org/capabilities/cybersecurity/overview/cybersecurity-blog/copernicus-question-your-assumptions-about"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Intel HackingTeam UEFI Rootkit",
                    "description": "Intel Security. (2005, July 16). HackingTeam's UEFI Rootkit Details. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20170313124421/http://www.intelsecurity.com/advanced-threat-research/content/data/HT-UEFI-rootkit.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Github CHIPSEC",
                    "description": "Intel. (2017, March 18). CHIPSEC Platform Security Assessment Framework. Retrieved March 20, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://github.com/chipsec/chipsec"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1922",
            "description": "Monitor for firmware changes which may be observable via operational alarms from devices.\nMonitor device application logs for firmware changes, although not all devices will produce such logs.\nMonitor ICS management protocols / file transfer protocols for protocol functions related to firmware changes.\nMonitor firmware for unexpected changes. Asset management systems should be consulted to understand known-good firmware versions. Dump and inspect BIOS images on vulnerable systems and compare against known good images.(Citation: MITRE Copernicus) Analyze differences to determine if malicious changes have occurred. Log attempts to read/write to BIOS and compare against known patching behavior. Likewise, EFI modules can be collected and compared against a known-clean list of EFI executable binaries to detect potentially malicious modules. The CHIPSEC framework can be used for analysis to determine if firmware modifications have been performed.(Citation: McAfee CHIPSEC Blog) (Citation: Github CHIPSEC) (Citation: Intel HackingTeam UEFI Rootkit)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b9d031bb-d150-4fc6-8025-688201bf3ffd",
                    "name": "Firmware",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--882f2365-4c14-4c48-8eef-2a7c293c8569",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0783#AN1915",
                    "external_id": "AN1915"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1915",
            "description": "Monitor device management protocols for functions that modify programs such as online edit and program append events.\nMonitor device alarms that indicate the program has changed, although not all devices produce such alarms.\nEngineering and asset management software will often maintain a copy of the expected program loaded on a controller and may also record any changes made to controller programs. Data from these platforms can be used to identify modified controller programs.\nMonitor device application logs that indicate the program has changed, although not all devices produce such logs.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--8ed4e6d0-56d7-4e6b-8fa6-41f41631f30d",
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--899d0dce-64f7-4924-93a1-8e3c83dd510f",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0730#AN1863",
                    "external_id": "AN1863"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1863",
            "description": "Use verification of distributed binaries through hash checking or other integrity checking mechanisms. Scan downloads for malicious signatures.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--639e87f3-acb6-448a-9645-258f20da4bc5",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--899d41e8-8d02-45f9-ab8a-3a06f4cc4189",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0768#AN1900",
                    "external_id": "AN1900"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1900",
            "description": "Monitor ICS automation network protocols for functions related to reading an asset\u2019s operating mode. In some cases, there may be multiple ways to detect a device\u2019s operating mode, one of which is typically used in the operational environment. Monitor for the operating mode being checked in unexpected ways.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--89ca8617-20fd-404b-9afb-dcfd2684a791",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0757#AN1889",
                    "external_id": "AN1889"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1889",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--8c77f31f-c6f4-491c-965a-e25c506b0c68",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0779#AN1911",
                    "external_id": "AN1911"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1911",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--908fe88b-d8e2-47d1-b6a4-7a42b3bbe09b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0803#AN1935",
                    "external_id": "AN1935"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1935",
            "description": "Monitor for network traffic originating from unknown/unexpected systems.\nMonitor authentication logs and analyze for unusual access patterns, windows of activity, and access outside of normal business hours, including use of [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859).\nWhen authentication is not required to access an exposed remote service, monitor for follow-on activities such as anomalous external use of the exposed API or application.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--39b9db72-8b48-4595-a18d-db5bbba3091b",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--9127dd4e-0994-442f-8d73-b6b2dfb1f9ac",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0744#AN1877",
                    "external_id": "AN1877"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1877",
            "description": "Monitor for network traffic originating from unknown/unexpected hardware devices. Local network traffic metadata (such as source MAC addressing) may be helpful in identifying transient assets.\nNetworking devices such as switches may log when new client devices connect (e.g., SNMP notifications). Monitor for any logs documenting changes to network connection status to determine when a new connection has occurred, including the resulting addresses (e.g., IP, MAC) of devices on that network.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--930aae7c-e8f0-4594-8e3f-f0e71d7e1640",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0745#AN1878",
                    "external_id": "AN1878"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1878",
            "description": "Monitor for unexpected network share access, such as files transferred between shares within a network using protocols such as Server Message Block (SMB).\nMonitor for alike file hashes or characteristics (ex: filename) that are created on multiple hosts. \nMonitor for file creation in conjunction with other techniques (e.g., file transfers using [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0886)).\nMonitor for unusual processes with internal network connections creating files on-system which may be suspicious. \nMonitor executed commands and arguments for abnormal usage of utilities and command-line arguments that may be used in support of remote transfer of files.\nMonitor newly constructed processes that assist in lateral tool transfers, such as file transfer programs.\nMonitor for network traffic originating from unknown/unexpected hosts. Local network traffic metadata (such as source MAC addressing) as well as usage of network management protocols such as DHCP may be helpful in identifying hardware.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--f5468e67-51c7-4756-9b4f-65707708e7fa",
                    "name": "Network Share",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--639e87f3-acb6-448a-9645-258f20da4bc5",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--2b3bfe19-d59a-460d-93bb-2f546adc2d2c",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--96e7b86f-b960-489c-882b-9dcdb1c44aa9",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0802#AN1934",
                    "external_id": "AN1934"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1934",
            "description": "Monitor ICS automation network protocols for information that an asset has been placed into Firmware Update Mode.\nMonitor device alarms that indicate the devices has been placed into Firmware Update Mode, although not all devices produce such alarms.\nMonitor asset log which may provide information that an asset has been placed into Firmware Update Mode. Some assets may log firmware updates themselves without logging that the device has been placed into update mode.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--981b659b-992a-4d71-9404-0e1b2b598e50",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0736#AN1869",
                    "external_id": "AN1869"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "University of Birmingham C2",
                    "description": "Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S. (2014, February). Command & Control Understanding, Denying and Detecting. Retrieved April 20, 2016.",
                    "url": "https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.1136.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1869",
            "description": "Analyze network data for uncommon data flows (e.g., new protocols in use between hosts, unexpected ports in use). Processes utilizing the network that do not normally have network communication or have never been seen before are suspicious. \nMonitor for mismatches between protocols and their expected ports (e.g., non-HTTP traffic on tcp:80). Analyze packet contents to detect communications that do not follow the expected protocol behavior for the port that is being used.(Citation: University of Birmingham C2)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--9ad83be0-5c88-4fb6-b59d-19db21176923",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0733#AN1866",
                    "external_id": "AN1866"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1866",
            "description": "Monitor for newly executed processes that execute from removable media after it is mounted or when initiated by a user. If a remote access tool is used in this manner to move laterally, then additional actions are likely to occur after execution, such as opening network connections for Command and Control and system and network information Discovery. \nMonitor for newly constructed files copied to or from removable media.\nMonitor for newly constructed drive letters or mount points to removable media.\nMonitor for files accessed on removable media, particularly those with executable content.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--2b3bfe19-d59a-460d-93bb-2f546adc2d2c",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d6e6b3b-4aa8-40e1-8c47-91db0f313d9f",
                    "name": "Drive",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--235b7491-2d2b-4617-9a52-3c0783680f71",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--aebd2848-98db-46f1-8e22-627e2ec3c280",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0753#AN1885",
                    "external_id": "AN1885"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1885",
            "description": "Devices that provide user access to the underlying operating system may allow the installation of custom software to monitor OS API execution. Monitoring API calls may generate a significant amount of data and may not be useful for defense unless collected under specific circumstances, since benign use of API functions are common and may be difficult to distinguish from malicious behavior. Correlation of other events with behavior surrounding API function calls using API monitoring will provide additional context to an event that may assist in determining if it is due to malicious behavior.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--afc9e394-147e-49db-81df-953d2d3ea93e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0764#AN1896",
                    "external_id": "AN1896"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1896",
            "description": "Monitor HKLM\\Software\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\DNSClient for changes to the \"EnableMulticast\" DWORD value. A value of \"0\" indicates LLMNR is disabled.\nHost-based implementations of this technique may utilize networking-based system calls or network utility commands (e.g., iptables) to locally intercept traffic. Monitor for relevant process creation events.\nMonitor for network traffic originating from unknown/unexpected hosts. Local network traffic metadata (such as source MAC addressing) as well as usage of network management protocols such as DHCP may be helpful in identifying hardware. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) and applicable sub-techniques.\nMonitor for newly constructed services/daemons through Windows event logs for event IDs 4697 and 7045.\nMonitor network traffic for anomalies associated with known AiTM behavior. For Collection activity where transmitted data is not manipulated, anomalies may be present in network management protocols (e.g., ARP, DHCP).\nMonitor application logs for changes to settings and other events associated with network protocols and other services commonly abused for AiTM.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--da85d358-741a-410d-9433-20d6269a6170",
                    "name": "Windows Registry",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--5297a638-1382-4f0c-8472-0d21830bf705",
                    "name": "Service",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--b337bf06-d69b-41e0-8e60-8f24cb718998",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0798#AN1930",
                    "external_id": "AN1930"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1930",
            "description": "Monitor network traffic for hardcoded credential use in protocols that allow unencrypted authentication.\nMonitor logon sessions for hardcoded credential use, when feasible.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--b6fb91d0-28f6-447d-ba25-e7b26116ebfe",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0738#AN1871",
                    "external_id": "AN1871"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1871",
            "description": "Detecting software exploitation may be difficult depending on the tools available. Software exploits may not always succeed or may cause the exploited process to become unstable or crash.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--b74100d1-0085-468a-834a-2bf10924a3b7",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0752#AN1884",
                    "external_id": "AN1884"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1884",
            "description": "Monitor device alarms for program downloads, although not all devices produce such alarms.\nMonitor for protocol functions related to program download or modification. Program downloads may be observable in ICS automation protocols and remote management protocols.\nConsult asset management systems to understand expected program versions.\nMonitor devices configuration logs which may contain alerts that indicate whether a program download has occurred. Devices may maintain application logs that indicate whether a full program download, online edit, or program append function has occurred.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b05a614b-033c-4578-b4f2-c63a9feee706",
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--c14544a4-5ca1-4523-97eb-4a9840d74c6d",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0743#AN1876",
                    "external_id": "AN1876"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nzyme Alerts Intro",
                    "description": "Koopmann, Lennart. (n.d.). Nzyme Alerts Introduction. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.nzyme.org/wifi/monitoring/network-monitoring/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wireless Intrusion Detection",
                    "description": "Tomko, A.; Rieser, C; Buell, H.; Zeret, D.; Turner, W.. (2007, March). Wireless Intrusion Detection. Retrieved September 26, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA466332.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1876",
            "description": "Purely passive network sniffing cannot be detected effectively. In cases where the adversary interacts with the wireless network (e.g., joining a Wi-Fi network) detection may be possible. Monitor for new or irregular network traffic flows which may indicate potentially unwanted devices or sessions on wireless networks.  In Wi-Fi networks monitor for changes such as rogue access points or low signal strength, indicating a device is further away from the access point then expected and changes in the physical layer signal.(Citation: Nzyme Alerts Intro) (Citation: Wireless Intrusion Detection)  Network traffic content will provide important context, such as hardware (e.g., MAC) addresses, user accounts, and types of messages sent.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--c40ddd75-f2fc-4899-bda1-bff164c96622",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0774#AN1906",
                    "external_id": "AN1906"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1906",
            "description": "Collecting information from the I/O image requires analyzing the application program running on the PLC for specific data block reads. Detecting this requires obtaining and analyzing a PLC\u2019s application program, either directly from the device or from asset management platforms.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--8ed4e6d0-56d7-4e6b-8fa6-41f41631f30d",
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--cbf791b4-5186-4205-ac5a-a56042aaebec",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0778#AN1910",
                    "external_id": "AN1910"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1910",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--cd4c92f9-3107-45c7-9d95-19a44d7dc92c",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0732#AN1865",
                    "external_id": "AN1865"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1865",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--cff25f71-859e-48bf-88d6-852d05e22b33",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0723#AN1856",
                    "external_id": "AN1856"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1856",
            "description": "Monitor and analyze traffic patterns and packet inspection associated to protocol(s) that do not follow the expected protocol standards and traffic flows (e.g., extraneous packets that do not belong to established flows, gratuitous or anomalous traffic patterns, anomalous syntax, or structure). Consider correlation with process monitoring and command line to detect anomalous processes execution and command line arguments associated to traffic patterns (e.g., monitor anomalies in use of files that do not normally initiate connections for respective protocol(s)).\nMonitor network data for uncommon data flows. Processes utilizing the network that do not normally have network communication or have never been seen before are suspicious.\nMonitor for application logging, messaging, and/or other artifacts that may result from  Denial of Service (DoS) attacks which degrade or block the availability of services to users. In addition to network level detections, endpoint logging and instrumentation can be useful for detection.\nMonitor operational data for indicators of temporary data loss which may indicate a Denial of Service. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--d271c7fc-d76a-4fb0-a645-5db2c1223a32",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0799#AN1931",
                    "external_id": "AN1931"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1931",
            "description": "Monitor and analyze traffic flows that do not follow the expected protocol standards and traffic flows (e.g., extraneous packets that do not belong to established flows    , or gratuitous or anomalous traffic patterns). Consider correlation with process monitoring and command line to detect anomalous processes execution and command line arguments associated to traffic patterns (e.g., monitor anomalies in use of files that do not normally initiate connections for respective protocol(s)).\nMonitor and analyze traffic patterns and packet inspection associated to protocol(s), leveraging SSL/TLS inspection for encrypted traffic, that do not follow the expected protocol standards and traffic flows (e.g., extraneous packets that do not belong to established flows, gratuitous or anomalous traffic patterns, anomalous syntax, or structure). Consider correlation with process monitoring and command line to detect anomalous processes execution and command line arguments associated to traffic patterns  (e.g., monitor anomalies in use of files that do not normally initiate connections for respective protocol(s)).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--d3023733-5874-4746-a947-65925514e382",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0771#AN1903",
                    "external_id": "AN1903"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1903",
            "description": "Monitor for device alarms produced when device management passwords are changed, although not all devices will produce such alarms.\nMonitor for device credential changes observable in automation or management network protocols.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--d71e98fa-64d1-4ddb-acb1-bba1e4af6a73",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0785#AN1917",
                    "external_id": "AN1917"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1917",
            "description": "No standard detection method currently exists for this technique.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--d937e4b8-20f2-44c1-9940-48c74318c715",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0791#AN1923",
                    "external_id": "AN1923"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1923",
            "description": "Monitor for newly executed processes that depend on user interaction, especially for applications that can embed programmatic capabilities (e.g., Microsoft Office products with scripts, installers, zip files). This includes compression applications, such as those for zip files, that can be used to [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) in payloads. For added context on adversary procedures and background see [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) and applicable sub-techniques.\nMonitor for application logging, messaging, and/or other artifacts that may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution.\nMonitor for newly constructed web-based network connections that are sent to malicious or suspicious destinations (e.g., destinations attributed to phishing campaigns). Consider correlation with process monitoring and command line to detect anomalous processes execution and command line arguments (e.g., monitor anomalies in use of files that do not normally initiate network connections or unusual connections initiated by regsvr32.exe, rundll.exe, SCF, HTA, MSI, DLLs, or msiexec.exe). \nAnti-virus can potentially detect malicious documents and files that are downloaded and executed on the user's computer. Endpoint sensing or network sensing can potentially detect malicious events once the file is opened (such as a Microsoft Word document or PDF reaching out to the internet or spawning PowerShell).\nMonitor for newly executed processes that depend on user interaction, especially for applications that can embed programmatic capabilities (e.g., Microsoft Office products with scripts, installers, zip files). This includes compression applications, such as those for zip files, that can be used to [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) in payloads.\nMonitor and analyze traffic patterns and packet inspection associated with web-based network connections that are sent to malicious or suspicious destinations (e.g., destinations attributed to phishing campaigns). Consider correlation with process monitoring and command line to detect anomalous processes execution and command line arguments (e.g., monitor anomalies in use of files that do not normally initiate network connections or unusual connections initiated by regsvr32.exe, rundll.exe, SCF, HTA, MSI, DLLs, or msiexec.exe).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--181a9f8c-c780-4f1f-91a8-edb770e904ba",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--235b7491-2d2b-4617-9a52-3c0783680f71",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--dc014060-5116-4a2f-bac5-35ac1db8fabb",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0772#AN1904",
                    "external_id": "AN1904"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1904",
            "description": "Monitor for newly executed processes related to services specifically designed to accept remote graphical connections, such as RDP and VNC. [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0886) and [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859) may be used to access a host\u2019s GUI.\nMonitor executed commands and arguments related to services specifically designed to accept remote graphical connections, such as RDP and VNC. [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0886) and [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0859) may be used to access a host\u2019s GUI.\nMonitor DLL file events, specifically creation of these binary files as well as the loading of DLLs into processes associated with remote graphical connections, such as RDP and VNC. [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0886) may be used to access a host\u2019s GUI.\nMonitor for user accounts logged into systems they would not normally access or abnormal access patterns, such as multiple systems over a relatively short period of time. Correlate use of login activity related to remote services with unusual behavior or other malicious or suspicious activity. [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0886) may be used to access a host\u2019s GUI.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--c0a4a086-cc20-4e1e-b7cb-29d99dfa3fb1",
                    "name": "Module",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--dd25b818-ceb0-4518-9384-dcf895d4956b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0740#AN1873",
                    "external_id": "AN1873"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1873",
            "description": "Detecting software exploitation may be difficult depending on the tools available. Software exploits may not always succeed or may cause the exploited process to become unstable or crash. Web Application Firewalls may detect improper inputs attempting exploitation.\nUse deep packet inspection to look for artifacts of common exploit traffic, such as known payloads.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--ddfcd948-3526-4241-a12f-d7bf63468e40",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0724#AN1857",
                    "external_id": "AN1857"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1857",
            "description": "Monitor for an authentication attempt by a user that may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.\nMonitor for logon behavior that may abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Lateral Movement or Persistence. Correlate other security systems with login information (e.g., a user has an active login session but has not entered the building or does not have VPN access). \nMonitor for suspicious account behavior across systems that share accounts, either user, admin, or service accounts. Examples: one account logged into multiple systems simultaneously; multiple accounts logged into the same machine simultaneously; accounts logged in at odd times or outside of business hours. Activity may be from interactive login sessions or process ownership from accounts being used to execute binaries on a remote system as a particular account.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a953ca55-921a-44f7-9b8d-3d40141aa17e",
                    "name": "User Account",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--39b9db72-8b48-4595-a18d-db5bbba3091b",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--e25ef816-bbfd-4656-8ecb-c7eebcba31d4",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0734#AN1867",
                    "external_id": "AN1867"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1867",
            "description": "Monitor for any suspicious attempts to enable script execution on a system. If scripts are not commonly used on a system, but enabled, scripts running out of cycle from patching or other administrator functions are suspicious. Scripts should be captured from the file system when possible, to determine their actions and intent.\nMonitor executed commands and arguments for actions that could be taken to collect internal data.\nMonitor for unexpected files (e.g., .pdf, .docx, .jpg) viewed for collecting internal data.\nMonitor for information collection on assets that may indicate deviations from standard operational tools. Examples include unexpected industrial automation protocol functions, new high volume communication sessions, or broad collection across many hosts within the network. ",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9f387817-df83-432a-b56b-a8fb7f71eedd",
                    "name": "Script",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--235b7491-2d2b-4617-9a52-3c0783680f71",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--e8f51c53-fc55-441b-a45f-ba7709ccbce2",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0742#AN1875",
                    "external_id": "AN1875"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1875",
            "description": "Devices that provide user access to the underlying operating system may allow the installation of custom software to monitor OS API execution. Monitoring API calls may generate a significant amount of data and may not be useful for defense unless collected under specific circumstances, since benign use of API functions are common and may be difficult to distinguish from malicious behavior. Correlation of other events with behavior surrounding API function calls using API monitoring will provide additional context to an event that may assist in determining if it is due to malicious behavior.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--ec695157-8c3c-439b-9925-459c9d4172f0",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0780#AN1912",
                    "external_id": "AN1912"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1912",
            "description": "Monitor for changes made to firmware for unexpected modifications to settings and/or data that may be used by rootkits to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components. Asset management systems should be consulted to understand known-good firmware versions and configurations.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--b9d031bb-d150-4fc6-8025-688201bf3ffd",
                    "name": "Firmware",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--ece52da2-ac60-4b0e-863f-ebbc95118a8c",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0759#AN1891",
                    "external_id": "AN1891"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1891",
            "description": "Monitor and analyze traffic patterns and packet inspection associated to protocol(s) that do not follow the expected protocol standards and traffic flows (e.g., extraneous packets that do not belong to established flows, gratuitous or anomalous traffic patterns, anomalous syntax, or structure). Consider correlation with process monitoring and command line to detect anomalous processes execution and command line arguments associated to traffic patterns (e.g., monitor anomalies in use of files that do not normally initiate connections for respective protocol(s)).\nMonitor for known proxy protocols (e.g., SOCKS, Tor, peer-to-peer protocols) and tool usage (e.g., Squid,  peer-to-peer software) on the network that are not part of normal operations. Also monitor network data for uncommon data flows. Processes utilizing the network that do not normally have network communication or have never been seen before are suspicious.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--edd8297d-ec63-4b54-8d28-106f228dd535",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0728#AN1861",
                    "external_id": "AN1861"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1861",
            "description": "Monitor for loss of network traffic which could indicate alarms are being suppressed. A loss of expected communications associated with network protocols used to communicate alarm events or process data could indicate this technique is being used. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nMonitor for loss of operational process data which could indicate alarms are being suppressed. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nMonitor for loss of expected device alarms which could indicate alarms are being suppressed. As noted in the technique description, there may be multiple sources of alarms in an ICS environment. Discrepancies between alarms may indicate the adversary is suppressing some but not all the alarms in the environment. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nMonitor for loss of expected operational process alarms which could indicate alarms are being suppressed. As noted in the technique description, there may be multiple sources of alarms in an ICS environment. Discrepancies between alarms may indicate the adversary is suppressing some but not all the alarms in the environment.  This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--4c12c1c8-bcef-4daf-8e5b-fca235f71d9e",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--f123f13f-b6f4-4e86-96cd-14df0e855e0f",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0787#AN1919",
                    "external_id": "AN1919"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Elastic - Koadiac Detection with EQL",
                    "description": "Stepanic, D.. (2020, January 13). Embracing offensive tooling: Building detections against Koadic using EQL. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.elastic.co/security-labs/embracing-offensive-tooling-building-detections-against-koadic-using-eql"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1919",
            "description": "Monitor for new ICS protocol connections to existing assets or for device scanning (i.e., a host connecting to many devices) over ICS and enterprise protocols (e.g., ICMP, DCOM, WinRM).\nMonitor for anomalies related to discovery related ICS functions, including devices that have not previously used these functions or for functions being sent to many outstations. Note that some ICS protocols use broadcast or multicast functionality, which may produce false positives. Also monitor for hosts enumerating network connected resources using non-ICS enterprise protocols.\nMonitor for files (such as /etc/hosts) being accessed that may attempt to get a listing of other systems by IP address, hostname, or other logical identifier on a network that may be used for Lateral Movement from the current system.\nMonitor for newly executed processes that can be used to discover remote systems, such as ping.exe and tracert.exe, especially when executed in quick succession.(Citation: Elastic - Koadiac Detection with EQL) Consider monitoring for new processes engaging in scanning activity or connecting to multiple systems by correlating process creation network data.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--235b7491-2d2b-4617-9a52-3c0783680f71",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--f12aa823-91cc-40e1-93b7-eaa5f5fa9c4d",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0756#AN1888",
                    "external_id": "AN1888"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1888",
            "description": "Monitor network traffic for default credential use in protocols that allow unencrypted authentication.\nMonitor logon sessions for default credential use.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--f666f516-f8d0-41f6-9a4c-0ac6c1f6086b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0758#AN1890",
                    "external_id": "AN1890"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1890",
            "description": "Monitor for changes made to a large quantity of files for unexpected modifications in both user directories and directories used to store programs and OS components (e.g., C:\\Windows\\System32). \nMonitor for newly executed processes of binaries that could be involved in data destruction activity, such as SDelete.\nMonitor for unexpected deletion of files.\nMonitor executed commands and arguments for binaries that could be involved in data destruction activity, such as SDelete.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--84572de3-9583-4c73-aabd-06ea88123dd8",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--e905dad2-00d6-477c-97e8-800427abd0e8",
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--fbd4686e-f637-459b-ad48-c6fd7840acfa",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0795#AN1927",
                    "external_id": "AN1927"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1927",
            "description": "Detecting software exploitation may be difficult depending on the tools available. Software exploits may not always succeed or may cause the exploited process to become unstable or crash.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-analytic",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-analytic--fcfe9c48-3a5a-49c8-96c3-be79414a8419",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0801#AN1933",
                    "external_id": "AN1933"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Analytic 1933",
            "description": "Monitor for a loss of network communications, which may indicate a device has been shutdown or restarted. This will not directly detect the technique\u2019s execution, but instead may provide additional evidence that the technique has been used and may complement other detections.\nDevice restarts and shutdowns may be observable in device application logs. Monitor for unexpected device restarts or shutdowns.\nDevices may produce alarms about restarts or shutdowns. Monitor for unexpected device restarts or shutdowns.\nMonitor ICS automation protocols for functions that restart or shutdown a device. Commands to restart or shutdown devices may also be observable in traditional IT management protocols.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "None"
            ],
            "x_mitre_log_source_references": [
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "x_mitre_data_component_ref": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--1177a4c5-31c8-400c-8544-9071166afa0e",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0045",
                    "external_id": "DC0045"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Windows Registry Key Deletion",
            "description": "The removal of a registry key within the Windows operating system.\n\n*Data Collection Measures:*\n\n- Windows Event Logs\n    - Event ID 4658 - Registry Key Handle Closed: Captures when a handle to a registry key is closed, which may indicate deletion.\n    - Event ID 4660 - Object Deleted: Logs when a registry key is deleted.\n- Sysmon (System Monitor) for Windows\n    - Sysmon Event ID 12 - Registry Key Deleted: Logs when a registry key is removed.\n    - Sysmon Event ID 13 - Registry Value Deleted: Captures removal of specific registry values.\n- Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) Solutions\n    - Monitor registry deletions for suspicious behavior.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Windows Registry",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--181a9f8c-c780-4f1f-91a8-edb770e904ba",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0082",
                    "external_id": "DC0082"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Network Connection Creation",
            "description": "The initial establishment of a network session, where a system or process initiates a connection to a local or remote endpoint. This typically involves capturing socket information (source/destination IP, ports, protocol) and tracking session metadata. Monitoring these events helps detect lateral movement, exfiltration, and command-and-control (C2) activities.\n\n*Data Collection Measures:*\n\n- Windows:\n    - Event ID 5156 \u2013 Filtering Platform Connection - Logs network connections permitted by Windows Filtering Platform (WFP).\n    - Sysmon Event ID 3 \u2013 Network Connection Initiated - Captures process, source/destination IP, ports, and parent process.\n- Linux/macOS:\n    - Netfilter (iptables), nftables logs - Tracks incoming and outgoing network connections.\n    - AuditD (`connect` syscall) - Logs TCP, UDP, and ICMP connections.\n    - Zeek (`conn.log`) - Captures protocol, duration, and bytes transferred.\n- Cloud & Network Infrastructure:\n    - AWS VPC Flow Logs / Azure NSG Flow Logs - Logs IP traffic at the network level in cloud environments.\n    - Zeek (conn.log) or Suricata (network events) - Captures packet metadata for detection and correlation.\n- Endpoint Detection & Response (EDR):\n    - Detect anomalous network activity such as new C2 connections or data exfiltration attempts.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Outbound connection to 169.254.169.254 from EC2 workload"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "connection attempts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "System service interactions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=3, 22"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "web domain alerts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "connect"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events/socket_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "Outbound Connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "connection open"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execs of chromium, google-chrome, firefox, libreoffice with http(s) in cmdline"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "New TCP/443 or TCP/80 to domain not previously seen for the user/host"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "New outbound connection from Safari/Chrome/Firefox/Word"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "execution of trusted tools interacting with external endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=3, 22"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Bits-Client/Operational",
                    "channel": "BITS job lifecycle events such as job create/modify/transfer/complete and URL/remote name fields"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "proxy or TLS inspection logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "network connection events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "protocol egress"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound connection to *.tunnels.api.visualstudio.com or *.devtunnels.ms"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Connections to *.devtunnels.ms or tunnels.api.visualstudio.com"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTPs connection to tunnels.api.visualstudio.com"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=5156, 5157"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "family=AF_PACKET or protocol raw; process name not in allowlist."
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "First outbound connection from the same PID/user shortly after an inbound trigger."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound or inbound TFTP file transfers of ROMMON or firmware binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Outbound connections from newly spawned child processes or from the browser to uncommon endpoints or on anomalous ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "connection: TCP connections to ports 139/445 to multiple hosts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "connection: SMB connections to multiple internal hosts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "connect/sendto"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_CONNECT"
                },
                {
                    "name": "snmp:access",
                    "channel": "GETBULK/GETNEXT requests for OIDs associated with configuration parameters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Service initiated connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Large transfer volume (>20MB) from RDS IP range to external public IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "High outbound traffic from new region resource"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound HTTP/S initiated by newly installed interpreter process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open or connect syscalls on /tmp/ssh-* or $SSH_AUTH_SOCK"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "outbound connections to RMM services or to unusual destination ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "network sessions initiated by remote desktop apps"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Outbound connections to port 22, 3389"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "socket/connect with TLS context by unexpected process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Multiple failed connections (conn_state=REJ/S0 or history has 'R') across distinct ports from the same src_ip followed by success to a specific port."
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "socket/bind: New bind() to a previously closed port shortly after the sequence."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Sequence of REJ/S0 then SF success from same src_ip within TimeWindow."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Series of denied/closed flows to distinct ports then success to mgmt port from same src_ip within TimeWindow."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound traffic spike through formerly blocked ports/subnets following config change"
                },
                {
                    "name": "cni:netflow",
                    "channel": "outbound connection to internal or external APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "launchd or network_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Dynamic route changes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "New egress to Internet by the same UID/host shortly after terminal exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "connection: Inbound connections to SSH or VPN ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Inbound connections to VNC/SSH ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "External access to container ports (2375, 6443)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "network"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events + launchd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:esxupdate",
                    "channel": "/var/log/esxupdate.log or /var/log/vmksummary.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "socket connect"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "remote access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound Connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "network"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Traffic observed on mirror destination instance"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:Flow",
                    "channel": "Traffic from mirrored interface to mirror target IP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events, socket_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "network activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "connection attempts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "High-volume or repeated SNMP GETBULK/GETNEXT queries from untrusted or external IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "sendto/connect"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "outbound connections from host during or immediately after image build"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Outbound Traffic"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Service-Based Network Connection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "postfix/smtpd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "new outbound connection from browser/office lineage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "new outbound connection from exploited lineage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "CONNECT: Long-lived connections from remote-control parents to external IPs/domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "outbound connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "networkd or socket"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream network activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Multiple failed connections to closed ports (history contains 'R' or conn_state in {REJ, S0}) followed by a successful handshake to a new port from same src within TimeWindowKnock"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "socket/bind: Process binds to a new local port shortly after knock"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Closed-port hits followed by success from same src_ip"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Port-knock pattern from one src to device unicast,broadcast,network addresses on same port within TimeWindowKnock"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-WLAN-AutoConfig",
                    "channel": "EventCode=8001, 8002, 8003"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "New Wi-Fi connection established or repeated association failures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Association and authentication events including failures and new SSIDs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "socket/connect calls showing SSH processes forwarding arbitrary ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "network session initiation with external HTTPS services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=8001"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "openat,connect -k discovery"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unexpected inbound/outbound TFTP traffic for device image files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unexpected or unauthorized inbound connections to SNMP, NETCONF, or RESTCONF services"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--235b7491-2d2b-4617-9a52-3c0783680f71",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0055",
                    "external_id": "DC0055"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "File Access",
            "description": "To events where a file is opened or accessed, making its contents available to the requester. This includes reading, executing, or interacting with files by authorized or unauthorized entities. Examples include logging file access events (e.g., Windows Event ID 4663), monitoring file reads, and detecting unusual file access patterns. Examples: \n\n- File Read Operations: A user opens a sensitive document (e.g., financial_report.xlsx) on a shared drive.\n- File Execution: A script or executable file is accessed and executed (e.g., malware.exe is run from a temporary directory).\n- Unauthorized File Access: An unauthorized user attempts to access a protected configuration file (e.g., `/etc/passwd` on Linux or `System32` files on Windows).\n- File Access Patterns: Bulk access to multiple files in a short time (e.g., mass access to documents on a file server).\n- File Access via Network: Files on a network share are accessed remotely (e.g., logs of SMB file access).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "FileAccessed, MailboxAccessed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, read, or stat of browser config files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Access to ~/Library/*/Safari or Chrome directories by non-browser processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4663, 4670, 4656"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "Write operations to storage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "VMFS access logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_OPEN: Open of .dylib/.so in user-writable locations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open: File access attempt on /tmp/krb5cc_* or /tmp/krb5.ccache"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Kerberos framework calls to API:{uuid} cache outside normal process lineage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "openat"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "/home/*/.mozilla/firefox/*/logins.json OR /home/*/.config/google-chrome/*/Login Data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "~/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome/*/Login Data OR ~/Library/Application Support/Firefox/*/logins.json"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "/proc/*/mem read attempt"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "Read access to known backup software configuration files (e.g., /etc/rsnapshot.conf, /opt/veeam/config.ini)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Read access to Time Machine plist files or CCC configurations in ~/Library/Preferences/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, read"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "auth.log or custom tool logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "/var/log/syslog"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, flock, fcntl, unlink"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "File Access Monitor"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream - file subsystem"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "read/open of sensitive files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file read of sensitive directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "datastore file access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Unusual processes accessing or modifying cookie databases"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Abnormal process access to Safari or Chrome cookie storage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "PATH records referencing /dev/video*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "open: Process opens AppleCamera/IOUSB device nodes or AVFoundation frameworks"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "container_file_activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "Disk Activity Tracing"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:keychain",
                    "channel": "Access to Keychain DB or system.keychain"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, read: /etc/ssl/, /etc/pki/, ~/.pki/nssdb/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:keychain",
                    "channel": "~/Library/Keychains, /Library/Keychains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Bulk downloads or API extractions from Microsoft-hosted data repositories (e.g., Dynamics 365)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "open: Access to sensitive log files (/var/log/auth.log, /var/log/secure, /var/log/syslog)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "open: Access to /var/log/system.log or related security event logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:activity",
                    "channel": "CollectGuestLogs: Unexpected collection of guest logs by Azure VM Agent outside normal maintenance windows"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "read: Access to sensitive log files by non-admin users"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Processes reading credential or token cache files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "read/open of sensitive file directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "datastore/log file access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "filesystem activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Windows Defender/Operational",
                    "channel": "Suspicious file execution on removable media path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "PATH"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/read of sensitive config or secret files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "open/read of *.plist or .env files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "open/read on secret mount paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "CloudTrail:GetObject",
                    "channel": "sensitive credential files in buckets or local image storage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/read of sensitive directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "read of user document directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "guest OS outbound transfer logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "Filesystem Call Monitoring"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "vSphere File API Access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/read: Access to /proc/self/status with focus on TracerPID field"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "read/write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxis:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Datastore Access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/read access to ~/.bash_history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "open or read syscall to ~/.bash_history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "read access to ~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open,read"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "filesystem and process events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/read system calls to ~/.bash_history or /etc/shadow"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "read access to ~/Library/Keychains or history files by terminal processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "read of /run/secrets or docker volumes by non-entrypoint process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "access to /Volumes/SharePoint or network mount"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Reads of ~/.bash_history, ~/.mozilla, or access to /dev/input"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Access to ~/Library/Safari/Bookmarks.plist or recent files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/read"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "access to keychain database"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "file read"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "kernel messages related to cryptographic operations, module loading, and filesystem access patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsevents",
                    "channel": "file system events indicating access to system configuration files and environmental information sources"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "es_event_open, es_event_exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open: Access to named pipes or FIFO in /tmp or /dev/shm by unexpected processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open or read to browser cookie storage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file open for known browser cookie paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, read, mount"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file reads/writes from /Volumes/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream - file provider subsystem"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "file"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "GET or LIST requests to /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ followed by access to the Kubernetes API server"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Access to /var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb or .secrets.mkey"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:quarantine",
                    "channel": "/var/log/quarantine.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "desktop:file_manager",
                    "channel": "nautilus, dolphin, or gvfs logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "/proc/*/maps access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/read of sensitive directories (/etc, /home/*)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "read/write of user documents prior to upload"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "file copy or datastore upload via HTTPS"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "open/read access to private key files (id_rsa, *.pem, *.p12)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fileevents",
                    "channel": "File system access events with kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemRemoved, kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemRenamed flags for environmental artifact collection (/System/Library, /usr/sbin, plist files)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FS",
                    "channel": "read: File access to /proc/modules or /sys/module/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "read: File access to /System/Library/Extensions/ or related kernel extension paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "PATH"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/read on ~/.local/share/keepassxc/* OR ~/.password-store/*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "*.opvault OR *.ldb OR *.kdbx"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--2b3bfe19-d59a-460d-93bb-2f546adc2d2c",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0039",
                    "external_id": "DC0039"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "File Creation",
            "description": "A new file is created on a system or network storage. This action often signifies an operation such as saving a document, writing data, or deploying a file. Logging these events helps identify legitimate or potentially malicious file creation activities. Examples include logging file creation events (e.g., Sysmon Event ID 11 or Linux auditd logs). ",
            "x_mitre_data_source_ref": "",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=11"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "creat"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "CREATE/MODIFY: Modification of app.asar inside .app bundle"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "File creation with name starting with '.'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation or modification of browser extension .plist files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open or creat syscalls targeting excluded paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file creation in AV exclusion directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "file creation/modification"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file write/create"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "file write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "snmp:syslog",
                    "channel": "firmware write/log event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open,creat,rename: Writes in $HOME/Downloads, /tmp, ~/.cache with exe/script/archive/office extensions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsevents",
                    "channel": "Create in /Users/*/Downloads or /private/var/folders/* with quarantine attribute"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "VMFS file creation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write/open, FIM audit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "open/write/exec calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation of .plist under /Library/Managed Preferences/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fileevents",
                    "channel": "creat"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "disk activity on /Library/LaunchAgents or LaunchDaemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open: Write to ~/.vscode-cli/code_tunnel.json"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "creation of ~/.vscode-cli/code_tunnel.json"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "create/modify dylib files in monitored directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "New files in /tmp, /var/tmp, $HOME/.cache, executed within TimeWindow after browser HTTP fetch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "New files written to /var/folders, /tmp, ~/Library/Caches, or ~/Downloads by browser context or its children"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "create: New file created in system binaries or temp directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File created in ~/Library/LaunchAgents or executable directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, unlink, rename: File creation or deletion involving critical stored data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process wrote large .mov/.mp4 in user temp/hidden dirs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "logd:file write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "File IO"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "creat, open, write on /etc/systemd/system and /usr/lib/systemd/system"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File creation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Attachment files written to ~/Downloads or temporary folders"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "CloudTrail:PutObject",
                    "channel": "PutObject"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "Creation of files with extensions .sql, .csv, .sqlite, especially in user directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Writes of .sql/.csv/.xlsx files to user documents/downloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "New .py/.js/.sh files written to ~/.local/, ~/.cache/, or /tmp/ within 5 min of package install"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write, open, or rename to /etc/systemd/system/*.service"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "create: Creation of .zip, .gz, .bz2 files in /tmp, /var/tmp, or /home directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation of .zip, .gz, .dmg archives in /Users, /tmp, or application directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file open/write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_CREATE: path under /Users/*/(Downloads|Desktop|Library/*/Containers|Library/Group Containers) AND extension in SuspiciousExtensions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/create/rename: name in (/home/*/Downloads/*|/tmp/*|/run/user/*|/media/*) AND ext in SuspiciousExtensions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "create: Creation of archive files in /tmp, /var/tmp, or user home directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation of .zip, .dmg, .tar.gz files in /Users, /tmp, or application directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File Events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "File creations of *.qcow2, *.vdi, *.vmdk outside standard VM directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation or modification of postinstall scripts within .pkg or .mpkg contents"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open: File creation under /tmp, /var/tmp, ~/.cache with executable bit or shell shebang"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "create: New files in /tmp or ~/Library/Application Support/* with executable or script extensions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, write, unlink"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "File creation of suspicious scripts/binaries in temporary directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File creation of unsigned binaries/scripts in user cache or download directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "File creation events in /var/mail or /var/spool/mail exceeding baseline thresholds"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "create: Attachment file creation in ~/Library/Mail directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Core",
                    "channel": "New startup folder shortcut or binary placed in Startup directory"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write or create file after .bash_history access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "new file created in /var/www/html, /srv/http, or similar web root"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:launchdaemons",
                    "channel": "file_create"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "mount target path within /proc/*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:fsevents",
                    "channel": "/Library/StartupItems/, ~/Library/LaunchAgents/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "write or chmod to ~/Library/LaunchAgents/*.plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "creation of .so files in non-standard directories (e.g., /tmp, /home/*)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "create: Creation of files with anomalous headers and entropy levels in /tmp or user directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation of files with anomalous headers and entropy values"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Access or modification to /lib/modules or creation of .ko files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsevents",
                    "channel": "Directory events (kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemCreated)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:workspaceaudit",
                    "channel": "drive.activity logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fileevents",
                    "channel": "create/write/rename in user-writable paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "WRITE: Drop of binaries/scripts in ~/.local, /tmp, or /opt tool dirs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "CREATE/MODIFY: Creation of LaunchAgents/Daemons plists in user/system locations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open,create"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "Creation of hidden files (.*) in sensitive directories (/etc, /var, /usr/bin)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation of LaunchAgents/LaunchDaemons in hidden or non-standard directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "create: Creation of files ending in .tar, .gz, .bz2, .zip in /tmp or /var/tmp"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation of .zip or .dmg files in user-accessible or temporary directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "es_event_open"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file create or modify in /etc/emond.d/rules or /private/var/db/emondClients"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open,creat,rename,write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Writes under ~/Library/Application Support/Code*/extensions or JetBrains plugins"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "PutObject"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--3772e279-27d6-477a-9fe3-c6beb363594c",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0085",
                    "external_id": "DC0085"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:14:34.343Z",
            "name": "Network Traffic Content",
            "description": "The full packet capture (PCAP) or session data that logs both protocol headers and payload content. This allows analysts to inspect command and control (C2) traffic, exfiltration, and other suspicious activity within network communications. Unlike metadata-based logs, full content analysis enables deeper protocol inspection, payload decoding, and forensic investigations.\n\n*Data Collection Measures:*\n\n- Network Packet Capture (Full Content Logging)\n    - Wireshark / tcpdump / tshark\n        - Full packet captures (PCAP files) for manual analysis or IDS correlation. `tcpdump -i eth0 -w capture.pcap`\n    - Zeek (formerly Bro)\n        - Extracts protocol headers and payload details into structured logs. `echo \"redef Log::default_store = Log::ASCII;\" > local.zeek | zeek -Cr capture.pcap local.zeek`\n    - Suricata / Snort (IDS/IPS with PCAP Logging)\n        - Deep packet inspection (DPI) with signature-based and behavioral analysis. `suricata -c /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml -i eth0 -l /var/log/suricata`\n- Host-Based Collection\n    - Sysmon Event ID 22 \u2013 DNS Query Logging, Captures DNS requests made by processes, useful for detecting C2 domains.\n    - Sysmon Event ID 3 \u2013 Network Connection Initiated, Logs process-to-network connection relationships.\n    - AuditD (Linux) \u2013 syscall=connect, Monitors outbound network requests from processes. `auditctl -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S connect -k network_activity`\n- Cloud & SaaS Traffic Collection\n    - AWS VPC Flow Logs / Azure NSG Flow Logs / Google VPC Flow Logs, Captures metadata about inbound/outbound network traffic.\n    - Cloud IDS (AWS GuardDuty, Azure Sentinel, Google Chronicle), Detects malicious activity in cloud environments by analyzing network traffic patterns.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "Process within container accesses link-local address 169.254.169.254"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WebProxy:AccessLogs",
                    "channel": "SSRF-like patterns accessing metadata endpoint through proxy (e.g., Host: 169.254.169.254)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "mqtt.log / xmpp.log (custom log feeds)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "mqtt.log or AMQP custom log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "mqtt.log, xmpp.log, amqp.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "ACL/Firewall rule modification or new route injection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:office",
                    "channel": "External HTTP/DNS connection from Office binary shortly after macro trigger"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "TCP/UDP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "TCP session tracking"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Captured packet payloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "session behavior"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Network activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "External C2 channel over TLS"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http/file-xfer: Inbound/outbound transfer of ELF shared objects"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http.log, files.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "unexpected network activity initiated shortly after shell session starts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTP/WebDAV requests that contain NTLMSSP or PROPFIND/MOVE/OPTIONS with Authorization: NTLM"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http.log, ssl.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http.log, conn.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "SPAN or port-mirrored HTTP/S"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http.log, ssl.log, websocket.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process + network metrics correlation for bandwidth saturation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:stats",
                    "channel": "unusual network TX/RX byte deltas"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-WinINet",
                    "channel": "HTTPS Inspection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ssl.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Query to suspicious domain with high entropy or low reputation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "DNS query with pseudo-random subdomain patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:vpcflow",
                    "channel": "HTTP requests to 169.254.169.254 or Azure Metadata endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Browser connections to known C2 or dynamic DNS domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Session History Reset"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTP "
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "network flow"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "curl|wget|python .*http"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "curl|osascript.*open location"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "query: High-volume LDAP traffic with filters targeting groupPolicyContainer attributes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-NDIS-PacketCapture",
                    "channel": "TLS Handshake/Network Flow"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTP/TLS Logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem: com.apple.network"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected SQL or application log entries showing tampered or malformed data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:hunting",
                    "channel": "Advanced Hunting: DeviceProcessEvents + DeviceNetworkEvents"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Suspicious URL patterns, uncommon TLDs, short-lived domains, URL shorteners; HTTP method GET/POST"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Suspicious URL patterns, uncommon TLDs, URL shorteners"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "open URL|clicked link|LSQuarantineAttach"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Suspicious GET/POST; downloader patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "SSH logins or scp activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "remote login and transfer"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vob",
                    "channel": "NFS/remote access logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Traffic between instances"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=5005 (WLAN), EventCode=302 (Bluetooth)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Suspicious long-lived or reattached remote desktop sessions from unexpected IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTP payloads with SQLi/LFI/JNDI/deserialization indicators"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "outbound egress from web host after suspicious request"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Requests towards cloud metadata or command & control from pod IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ALB:HTTPLogs",
                    "channel": "AWS ALB/ELB/GCP/Azure Application Gateway HTTP logs with unusual methods, long URIs, serialized payloads, 4xx/5xx bursts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Connections to TCP 427 (SLP) or vCenter web services from untrusted sources"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "NetFlow/sFlow for odd egress to Internet from mgmt plane"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "packet capture or DPI logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "SMB2_LOGOFF/SMB_TREE_DISCONNECT"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Connections to suspicious domains with mismatched certificate or unusual patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unusual Base64-encoded content in URI, headers, or POST body"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Base64 strings or gzip in URI, headers, or POST body"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "HTTP POST with encoded content in user-agent or cookie field"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Outbound traffic using encoded payloads post-login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Suspicious outbound HTTPS requests to domains flagged as newly registered or untrusted after spearphishing message interaction"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Inbound connections to 445, 3389, 5985-5986 with high error/connection-reset rate, followed by new outbound sessions from the same host to internal assets within short interval."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Inbound connections to monitored service ports from external or unusual internal sources; rapid follow-on lateral connections from the same host."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Inbound to tcp/427 (OpenSLP), tcp/443 (vSphere APIs), tcp/902, tcp/5989 followed by new unexpected outbound sessions from the ESXi/vCenter host."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Inbound to 22/5900/8080 and follow-on internal connections."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http: HTTP body or headers contain long Base64 sections; gzip/deflate + Base64"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http: HTTP body contains long Base64 sections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http: Base64/MIME looking payloads from ESXi host IP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "LDAP Bind/Search"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "LDAP Query"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream (subsystem: com.apple.system.networking)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "smtp.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "smtp.log, conn.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "remote CLI session detection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Encrypted connection with anomalous payload entropy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxcli:network",
                    "channel": "Socket sessions with randomized payloads inconsistent with TLS"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Symmetric encryption detected without TLS handshake sequence"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http.log, ftp.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "PCAP inspection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "large HTTPS POST requests to webhook endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "HTTPS POST connections to webhook endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Single, low-volume inbound packet (REJ/S0/OTH or uncommon dport/protocol) from src_ip followed by outbound SF connection to src_ip."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Rare inbound packet characteristics (ICMP/UDP/TCP to uncommon port) from src_ip followed \u2264TimeWindow by outbound SF from same host to src_ip."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Inbound one-off packet to uncommon port \u2192 outbound SF to same src_ip within TimeWindow."
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "NAT table modification (add/update/delete rule)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "large upload to firmware interface port or path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Rapid incoming TLS handshakes or HTTP requests in quick succession"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http.request: HTTP requests and responses for specific script resources, unexpected content-types (application/octet-stream for script URLs), suspicious referrers, or obfuscated javascript resources"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http::response: HTTP responses with suspicious content-type for scripts, long obfuscated javascript bodies, or redirects to exploit kit domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTP/HTTPS requests for script resources flagged by content inspection (excessive obfuscation, eval usage, unusual redirects)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "TLS handshake + HTTP headers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ssl.log + http.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "network, socket, and http logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "TLS/HTTP inspection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http/file-xfer: Outbound transfer of large video-like MIME types soon after capture"
                },
                {
                    "name": "container:proxy",
                    "channel": "outbound/inbound network activity from spawned pods"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxcli:network",
                    "channel": "listening sockets bound to non-standard ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound SCP, TFTP, or FTP sessions carrying configuration file content"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Session Transfer Content"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Captured File Content"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "C2 exfiltration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Transferred file observations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "apache:access_log",
                    "channel": "Unusual HTTP POST or PUT requests to paths such as '/uploads/', '/admin/', or CMS plugin folders"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http::post: Outbound HTTP POST from host shortly after DB export activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTPS API requests to Dropbox, iCloud, Google Drive, OneDrive shortly after DB tool usage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Observed downgrade in negotiated cipher suites or TLS/SSH versions across sessions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "New egress from container IP/namespace to Internet or non-approved CIDRs/ASNs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "New VM egress to crypto-mining pools or non-approved Internet ranges within minutes of boot"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:events",
                    "channel": "remote API calls to /containers/create or /containers/{id}/start"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http::request: Network connection to package registry or C2 from interpreter shortly after install"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Integrity mismatch warnings or malformed packets detected"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http::request: Outbound HTTP initiated by Python interpreter"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "Outbound requests with forged tokens/cookies in headers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "DNS response IPs followed by connections to non-standard calculated ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "DNS responses followed by connections to ports outside standard ranges"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Persistent outbound traffic to mining domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Encrypted session initiation by unexpected binary"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Inspection of sockets showing encrypted sessions from non-baseline processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Abnormal certificate chains or non-standard ports carrying TLS"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "DrsAddEntry, DrsReplicaAdd, GetNCChanges calls between non-DC and DCs."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "large HTTPS POST requests to text storage domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "HTTPS POST connections to pastebin-like domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unexpected ARP replies or DNS responses inconsistent with authoritative servers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "TLS downgrade or inconsistent DNS answers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unusual request pattern leading up to service crash (e.g., malformed or oversized payload)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Large volume of malformed or synthetic payloads to application endpoints prior to failure"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkconfig ",
                    "channel": "interface flag PROMISC, netstat | ip link | ethtool"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "eventMessage = 'promiscuous'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "config change (e.g., logging buffered, pcap buffers)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "outbound HTTPS connections to code repository APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:activity",
                    "channel": "networkInsightsLogs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "network.query*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Windows Defender/Operational",
                    "channel": "Unusual external domain access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log or http.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http: HTTP bodies/headers contain long tokens with non-standard alphabets or constant-size periodic POSTs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "dns: DNS labels with excessive length and restricted custom alphabets (e.g., base36 only) repeated frequently"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http: suspicious long tokens with custom alphabets in body/headers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http: HTTP bodies from ESXi host IPs containing long, non-standard tokens"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Traffic patterns showing downgrade from strong encryption (AES-256) to weaker or plaintext protocols"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTP(S) requests with User-Agents typical of PowerShell or curl from desktop; or URIs matching paste-inspired payload hosts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Egress to non-approved networks from host after terminal exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Flow/PCAP analysis for outbound payloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log + files.log + ssl.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "eventMessage = 'open', 'sendto', 'connect'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTPS or custom protocol traffic with large payloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "network stack module logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unexpected script or binary content returned in HTTP response body"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Injected content responses with unexpected script/malware signatures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Content injection observed in HTTPS responses with mismatched certificates or altered payloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "High rate of inbound TCP SYN or ACK packets with missing 3-way handshake completion"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "Anomalous TCP SYN or ACK spikes from specific source or interface"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:confluence",
                    "channel": "REST API access from non-browser agents"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Netfilter/iptables",
                    "channel": "Forwarded packets log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Relay patterns across IP hops"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "Outbound encrypted traffic"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ldap.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "dns-sd, mDNSResponder, socket activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:IDS",
                    "channel": "content inspection / PCAP / HTTP body"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Probe responses from unauthorized APs responding to client probe requests"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "setsockopt, ioctl modifying ARP entries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Excessive gratuitous ARP replies on local subnet"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Inbound HTTP POST with suspicious payload size or user-agent"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "POST requests to .php, .jsp, .aspx files with high entropy body"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "dns.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:FLow",
                    "channel": "dns.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Encrypted tunnels or proxy traffic to non-standard destinations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Suspicious traffic filtered or redirected by VM networking stack"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "large transfer from management IPs to unauthorized host"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Sustained abnormal inbound request rate targeting application ports (e.g., 80/443/25)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ftp.log, smb_files.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ftp.log, conn.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "mirror/SPAN port"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ftp.log, conn.log, smb_files.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Multiple NXDOMAIN responses and high entropy domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "SSL/TLS Inspection or PCAP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log, ssl.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process + network activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "http, dns, smb, ssl logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "dns, ssl, conn"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log, http.log, dns.log, ssl.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Authentication failures, unexpected community string usage, or unauthorized SNMPv1/v2 requests"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ICMP/UDP traffic (Wireshark, Suricata, Zeek)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "icmp.log, weird.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ICMP/UDP monitoring (tcpdump, Wireshark, Zeek)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "VMCI syslog entries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "ICMP/UDP protocol anomaly"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unusual responses to LLMNR (UDP 5355) or NBT-NS (UDP 137) queries from unauthorized hosts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "DHCP OFFER or ACK with unauthorized DNS/gateway parameters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Multiple DHCP OFFER responses for a single DISCOVER"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "SSL/TLS Handshake Analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTP Header Metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Network Capture TLS/HTTP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Content",
                    "channel": "SSL Certificate Metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Content",
                    "channel": "HTTP Header Metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Content",
                    "channel": "TLS Fingerprint and Certificate Analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "container egress to unknown IPs/domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:vpcflow",
                    "channel": "first 5m egress to unknown ASNs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "HTTP Request Logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:iis",
                    "channel": "IIS Logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem=com.apple.WebKit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Unusual volume of data transferred from S3 storage endpoints to non-corporate IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ssh connections originating from third-party CIDRs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ssh/smb connections to internal resources from third-party devices"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Degraded encryption throughput or switch to weaker cipher suites compared to historical baselines"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ssl.log (for TLS handshake analysis), dns.log (tunneling indicators)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "host switch egress data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound HTTP/S"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem: com.apple.WebKit or com.apple.WebKit.Networking"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ssl.log - Certificate Analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ssl.log, conn.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "ssl.log, x509.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Packets with unusual flags or payloads outside established flows (e.g., WoL magic FF\u00d76 + 16\u00d7MAC)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WIDS:AssociationLogs",
                    "channel": "Unauthorized AP or anomalous MAC address connection attempts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "encrypted outbound traffic carrying unexpected application data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxcli:network",
                    "channel": "listening sockets bound with non-standard encapsulated protocols"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Persistent outbound connections with consistent periodicity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "TLS connections with abnormal handshake sequence or self-signed cert"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxcli:network",
                    "channel": "Socket inspection showing RSA key exchange outside baseline endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "IDS:TLSInspection",
                    "channel": "Malformed certs, incomplete asymmetric handshakes, or invalid CAs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Web server process initiating outbound TCP connections not tied to normal server traffic"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "outbound TLS connections to cloud storage providers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:box",
                    "channel": "API calls exceeding baseline thresholds"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "outbound HTTPS connections to cloud storage APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "High volume internal-to-internal IP transfer or cross-account cloud transfer"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-WinINet",
                    "channel": "WinINet API telemetry"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process, network"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Unusual POST requests to admin or upload endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Suspicious POSTs to upload endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Authentication failures or unusual community string usage in SNMP queries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "API:ConfigRepoAudit",
                    "channel": "Access to configuration repository endpoints, unusual enumeration requests or mass downloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Content",
                    "channel": "Traffic on RPC DRSUAPI"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process = 'ssh' OR eventMessage CONTAINS 'ssh'"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--39b9db72-8b48-4595-a18d-db5bbba3091b",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0088",
                    "external_id": "DC0088"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Logon Session Metadata",
            "description": "Contextual data about a logon session, such as username, logon type, access tokens (security context, user SIDs, logon identifiers, and logon SID), and any activity associated within it",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4672"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "LoginWindow context with associated PID linked to reopened plist paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4672, 4634"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "SAML-based login with anomalous issuer or NotOnOrAfter lifetime"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Abnormal user claims or unexpected elevated role assignment in SAML assertion"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "authd generating multiple MFA token requests"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4624, 4625, 4768, 4769"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sssd / sudo logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "/var/log/hostd.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4778, EventCode=4779"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "ssh logins or execve of remote commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Remote login (ssh) or screen sharing authentication attempts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "Unauthorized container creation or kubelet exec logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:USER_LOGIN",
                    "channel": "USER_LOGIN"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "loginwindow or sshd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4800, 4801"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4776, 4771, 4770"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve,socket,connect,openat"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Group membership change for admin or wheel"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:audit",
                    "channel": "Add delegated admin / Assign admin roles / Update application consent"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "user.session.start, app.oauth2.as.authorize, policy.mfa.bypass"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "google.iam.credentials.generateAccessToken / serviceAccountTokenCreator"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:salesforce",
                    "channel": "ConnectedApp OAuth policy change / Login as user"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unusual Kerberos TGS-REQ without TGT or anomalous ticket lifetime"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "user.authentication.sso"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "FileAccessed, SharingSet"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "UserLogin"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "loginwindow, sshd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Successful sudo or ssh from unknown IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "loginwindow or sshd events with external IP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process = 'sshd'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:auth",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--3d20385b-24ef-40e1-9f56-f39750379077",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0032",
                    "external_id": "DC0032"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Process Creation",
            "description": "Refers to the event in which a new process (executable) is initialized by an operating system. This can involve parent-child process relationships, process arguments, and environmental variables. Monitoring process creation is crucial for detecting malicious behaviors, such as execution of unauthorized binaries, scripting abuse, or privilege escalation attempts.. ",
            "x_mitre_data_source_ref": "",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream 'eventMessage contains pubsub or broker'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Execution of binary resolved from $PATH not located in /usr/bin or /bin"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process execution path inconsistent with baseline PATH directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_EXEC"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4688"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of launchctl with suspicious arguments"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve network tools"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve calls to soffice.bin with suspicious macro execution flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process execution of Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint with macro execution attempts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process reading browser configuration paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "execve: Processes launched with LD_PRELOAD/LD_LIBRARY_PATH pointing to non-system dirs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "exec: Process execution context for loaders calling dlopen/dlsym"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "EXECVE"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "execution of unexpected binaries during user shell startup"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launch of Terminal.app or shell with non-standard environment setup"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_EXEC with unusual parent-child process relationships from zsh"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of systemctl or service stop"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of launchctl or pkill"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process::exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of klist, kinit, or tools interacting with ccache outside normal user context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Execution of non-standard binaries accessing Kerberos APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Electron-based binary spawning shell or script interpreter"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Electron app spawning unexpected child process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "/root/.ash_history or /etc/init.d/*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve calls with high-frequency or known bandwidth-intensive tools"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec or spawn calls to proxy tools or torrent clients"
                },
                {
                    "name": "containers:osquery",
                    "channel": "bandwidth-intensive command execution from within a container namespace"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process launch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --info --predicate 'subsystem == \"com.apple.cfprefsd\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of security, sqlite3, or unauthorized binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected applications generating outbound DNS queries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "execve"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected child process of Safari or Chrome"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve or syscall invoking vm artifact check commands (e.g., dmidecode, lspci, dmesg)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of system_profiler, ioreg, kextstat with argument patterns related to VM/sandbox checks"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process writes or modifies files in excluded paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "com.apple.mail.* exec.*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of memory inspection tools (lldb, gdb, osqueryi)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vobd",
                    "channel": "/var/log/vobd.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:apiserver",
                    "channel": "kubectl exec or kubelet API calls targeting running pods"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:audit",
                    "channel": "Process execution events within container namespace context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "process persists beyond parent shell termination"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "background process persists beyond user logout"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of scripts or binaries sourced from mail directories (/var/mail, ~/Maildir)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Preview.app, Safari.app, or Mail.app spawning new processes outside normal patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "process execution across cloud VM"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "systemctl spawning managed processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "/var/log/shell.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of processes linked to hijacked sessions (e.g., anomalous parent-child process lineage)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec events where web process starts a shell/tooling"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:events",
                    "channel": "Docker/Kubernetes audit of exec/attach (kubectl exec) or unexpected child processes inside container"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec of osascript, bash, curl with suspicious parameters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of container management CLIs (docker, crictl, kubectl) or interpreted shells (sh, bash, python) within container context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "es_event_exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of discovery commands targeting backup binaries, processes, or config paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process execution logs showing discovery commands like mdfind, system_profiler, or launchctl list"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events OR launchd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "execve"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "launchd or process_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process and file events via log stream"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of scripts or binaries spawned from browser processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Browser processes launching unexpected interpreters (osascript, bash)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec: Execution of defaults, plutil, or common editors (vim/nano) targeting plist files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "EXECVE"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process:exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of bash, python, or perl processes spawned by browser/email client"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of osascript, bash, or Terminal initiated from Mail.app or Safari"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of /bin/sh,/bin/bash,/usr/bin/curl,/usr/bin/python by service accounts (e.g., apache, mysql, nobody) immediately after inbound network activity."
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "parent_name in ('sshd','httpd','screensharingd') spawning shells or scripting runtimes."
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process activity stream"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "SYSCALL record where exe contains passwd/userdel/chage and auid != root"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Post-login execution of unrecognized child process from launchd or loginwindow"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of base64|openssl|xxd|python|perl with arguments matching Base64 flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process command line contains base64, -enc, openssl enc -base64"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "exec: arguments contain Base64-like strings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "commands containing base64, openssl enc -base64, xxd -p"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of process launched via loginwindow session restore"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process: exec + filewrite: ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
                },
                {
                    "name": "containerd:runtime",
                    "channel": "/var/log/containers/*.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of Java apps or other processes with hidden window attributes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process Execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve on code or jetbrains-gateway with remote flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process: code or jetbrains-gateway launching with --tunnel or --remote"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --predicate 'processImagePath CONTAINS \"curl\" OR \"osascript\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Execution of dd, shred, wipe targeting block devices"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of sleep or ping command within script interpreted by bash/python"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve or socket/connect system calls from processes using crypto libraries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process using AES/RC4 routines unexpectedly"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "execution of known firewall binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "type=EXECVE or SYSCALL for /bin/date, /usr/bin/timedatectl, /sbin/hwclock, /bin/cat /etc/timezone, /bin/cat /proc/uptime"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "execve: command like 'date', 'timedatectl', 'hwclock', 'cat /etc/timezone'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process exec events of systemsetup, date, ioreg with command_line parameters indicating time discovery"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "exec: binary == \"/usr/sbin/systemsetup\" and args contains \"-gettimezone\""
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "execve: command LIKE '%systemsetup -gettimezone%' OR '%date%'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of osascript, curl, or unexpected automation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec /usr/bin/pwpolicy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "socket(AF_PACKET|AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, *), setsockopt(\u2026 SO_ATTACH_FILTER|SO_ATTACH_BPF \u2026), bpf(cmd=BPF_PROG_LOAD), open/openat path=\"/dev/bpf*\" (BSD/macOS-like) or setcap cap_net_raw."
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "KERN messages about eBPF program load/verify or LSM denials related to bpf."
                },
                {
                    "name": "OpenBSM:AuditTrail",
                    "channel": "open/openat of /dev/bpf*; ioctl BIOCSETF-like operations."
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Exec of tcpdump, rvictl, custom tools linked to libpcap.A.dylib; sysextd/systemextensionsctl events for NetworkExtension content filters."
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "/usr/sbin/postfix, /usr/sbin/exim, /usr/sbin/sendmail"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execution of known flash tools (e.g., flashrom, fwupd)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "com.apple.firmwareupdater activity or update-firmware binary invoked"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of system tools like dmidecode, lspci, lscpu, dmesg, systemd-detect-virt"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec or spawn of 'system_profiler', 'ioreg', 'kextstat', 'sysctl', or calls to sysctl API"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointSecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_EXEC"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Suspicious binaries or scripts interacting with authentication binaries (sshd, gdm, login)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "execve: Processes unexpectedly invoking Keychain or authentication APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: execve calls where a browser/webview process is parent and child is interpreter (python, sh, ruby) or downloader (curl, wget)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process_create: Process creation where parent is Safari/Google Chrome and child is script interpreter or signed-but-unusual helper binary"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process:launch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Shell commands invoked by SQL process such as postgres, mysqld, or mariadbd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of smbclient, smbmap, rpcclient, nmblookup, crackmapexec smb"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_EXEC: Process execution of \"sharing -l\", \"smbutil view\", \"mount_smbfs\""
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of scp, rsync, curl with remote destination"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "logMessage contains pbpaste or osascript"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve call with argv matching known disk enumeration commands (lsblk, parted, fdisk)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process launch of diskutil or system_profiler with SPStorageDataType"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "execution of esxcli with args matching 'storage', 'filesystem', 'core device list'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Mail.app executing with parameters updating rules state"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "/var/log/vmkernel.log, /var/log/vmkwarning.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "exec: Exec of ffmpeg, avfoundation-based binaries, or custom signed apps accessing camera"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:apiserver",
                    "channel": "exec into pod followed by secret retrieval via API"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process_name IN (\"VBoxManage\", \"prlctl\") AND command CONTAINS (\"list\", \"show\")"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec srm|exec openssl|exec gpg"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Process execution with LD_PRELOAD or modified library path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of process with DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES set"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "process creation events linked to container namespaces executing host-level binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process and signing chain events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchservices events for misleading extensions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "Execution of disguised binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "process listening or connecting on non-standard ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchd services binding to non-standard ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve, connect"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:cron",
                    "channel": "process or cron activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of binaries with unsigned or anomalously signed certificates"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve logging for /usr/bin/systemctl and systemd-run"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Invocation of osascript or dylib injection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of files saved in mail or download directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of Terminal, osascript, or other interpreters originating from Mail or Preview"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Unauthorized sudo or shell access, especially leading to file changes in /var/www or /srv/http"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of unexpected terminal or web scripts modifying /Library/WebServer/Documents"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of CLI tools like psql, mysql, mongo, sqlite3"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process start of Java or native DB client tools"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "loginwindow or tccd-related entries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "query: process_events, launchd, and tcc.db access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "process execution or network connect from just-created container PID namespace"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of pip, npm, gem, or similar package managers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Command line invocation of pip3, brew install, npm install from interactive Terminal"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "fork/exec of service via PID 1 (systemd)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Execution of ssh/scp/sftp without corresponding authentication log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of ssh or sftp without corresponding login event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: execve where exe=/usr/bin/python3 or similar interpreter"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launch of remote desktop app or helper binary"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected processes making network calls based on DNS-derived ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchctl spawning new processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchctl activity and process creation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "containerd:events",
                    "channel": "New container with suspicious image name or high resource usage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of Python, Swift, or other binaries invoking archiving libraries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Processes linked with libssl or crypto libraries making outbound connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process invoking SSL routines from Security framework"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Execution of binaries located in /etc/init.d/ or systemd service paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of binary listed in newly modified LaunchAgent plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of bless or nvram modifying boot parameters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected processes registered with launchd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process launch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of curl, osascript, or unexpected Office processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Trust validation failures or bypass attempts during notarization and code signing checks"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "spawned shell or execution environment activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process_exec: image in {/bin/bash,/bin/zsh,/usr/bin/osascript,/usr/bin/python*,/usr/bin/curl,/usr/bin/ssh,/usr/bin/open} AND parent in {Preview, TextEdit, Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, AdobeReader, Archive Utility, Finder}"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: exe in {/bin/bash,/bin/sh,/usr/bin/python*,/usr/bin/perl,/usr/bin/php,/usr/bin/node,/usr/bin/curl,/usr/bin/wget,/usr/bin/xdg-open,/usr/bin/ssh,/usr/bin/rundll32 (wine)} AND ppid process is a document viewer/browser"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Execution of dd/sgdisk with arguments writing to sector 0 or partition table"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of zip, ditto, hdiutil, or openssl by processes not normally associated with archiving"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process execution events for chmod, chown, chflags with unusual parameters or targets"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:defender",
                    "channel": "AdvancedHunting(DeviceEvents, ProcessCreate, ImageLoad, AMSI/ETW derived signals)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execve or dylib load from memory without backing file"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Commands that alter firewall or start listeners: iptables|nft|ufw|firewall-cmd|pfctl|systemctl start sshd/telnet/dropbear; raw-socket/libpcap tools (tcpdump, tshark, nmap --raw)."
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec: Execution of pfctl, socketfilterfw, launchctl start ssh/telnet, libpcap consumers."
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "Shell Execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unusual child process tree indicating attempted recovery after crash"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of binaries/scripts presenting false health messages for security daemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of processes mimicking Apple Security & Privacy GUIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve, setifflags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events where path like '%tcpdump%'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Execution of dd, shred, or wipe with arguments targeting block devices"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "systemctl stop auditd, kill -9 <pid>, or modifications to /etc/selinux/config"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of curl, git, or Office processes with network connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream - process subsystem"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve calls for qemu-system*, kvm, or VBoxHeadless"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process execution for VBoxHeadless, prl_vm_app, vmware-vmx"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of interpreters (python, perl), custom binaries, or shell utilities with long arguments containing non-standard tokens"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_EXEC: arguments contain long, non-standard tokens / custom alphabets"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "command line or log output shows non-standard encoding routines"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "commands containing long non-standard tokens or custom lookup tables"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of /usr/sbin/installer spawning child process from within /private/tmp or package contents"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Execution of dpkg or rpm followed by fork/execve from within postinst, prerm, etc."
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execve: Helper tools invoked through XPC executing unexpected binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of modified binary without valid signature"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: exe in (/usr/bin/bash,/usr/bin/sh,/usr/bin/zsh,/usr/bin/python*) AND cmdline matches '(curl|wget).*(\\||\\|\\s*sh|bash)|base64\\s*-d|python\\s*-c'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec: ParentImage in (Terminal, iTerm2) AND Image in (/bin/zsh,/bin/bash,/usr/bin/python*) AND CommandLine matches '(curl|wget).*(\\||\\|\\s*sh|bash)|base64 -D|python -c'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process created with repeated ICMP or UDP flood behavior"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "binary execution of security_authtrampoline"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process: exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Child processes of Safari, Chrome, or Firefox executing scripting interpreters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of older or non-standard interpreters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "process execution events for permission modification utilities with command-line analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process execution events for chmod, chown, chflags with parameter analysis and target path examination"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process execution monitoring for permission modification utilities with command-line argument analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Invocation of packet generation tools (e.g., hping3, nping) or fork bombs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Execution of flooding tools or compiled packet generators"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve for proxy tools"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process, socket, and DNS logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events table"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Command line containing `trap` or `echo 'trap` written to login shell files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log collect --predicate"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve or nanosleep with no stdout/stderr I/O"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchd or osascript spawns process with delay command"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "systemd-udevd spawning user-defined action from RUN+="
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "execve"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process:spawn"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --predicate 'eventMessage contains \"exec\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "cat|less|grep accessing .bash_history from a non-shell process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Process execution via .desktop Exec path from /etc/xdg/autostart or ~/.config/autostart"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Execution of dpkg, rpm, or other package manager with list flag"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of system_profiler or osascript invoking enumeration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "apache2 or nginx spawning sh, bash, or python interpreter"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "httpd spawning bash, zsh, python, or osascript"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of /usr/libexec/security_authtrampoline or child processes originating from non-trusted binaries triggering credential prompts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of security or osascript"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchd spawning processes tied to new or modified LaunchDaemon .plist entries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of ping, nping, or crafted network packets via bash or python to reflection services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of commands modifying iptables/nftables to block selective IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "System process modifications altering DNS/proxy settings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "containerd:Events",
                    "channel": "unusual process spawned from container image context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "curl, python scripts, rsync with internal share URLs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process: spawn, exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Rapid spawning of resource-heavy applications (e.g., Preview, Safari, Office)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process creation events where command line = pmset with arguments affecting sleep, hibernatemode, displaysleep"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected apps performing repeated DNS lookups"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchservices or loginwindow events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve with LD_PRELOAD or linker-related environment variables set"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of process with DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES set"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Suspicious Swift/Objective-C or scripting processes writing archive-like outputs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of re-parented process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Anomalous parent PID change"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process creation with parent PID of 1 (launchd)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "child process invoking dynamic linker post-ptrace"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Processes executing kextload, spctl, or modifying kernel extension directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Unsigned or ad-hoc signed process executions in user contexts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of diskutil or hdiutil attaching hidden partitions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process execution events for discovery utilities (system_profiler, sw_vers, dscl, networksetup) with command-line parameter analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process event monitoring with focus on discovery utilities and cryptographic framework usage correlation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected apps generating frequent DNS queries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "socket: Suspicious creation of AF_UNIX sockets outside expected daemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Non-standard processes invoking financial applications or payment APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Agent/headless flags (listen/connect/reverse/tunnel) or remote-control binaries spawning shells"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "systemctl enable/start: Creation/enablement of custom .service units in /etc/systemd/system"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process exec of remote-control apps or binaries with headless/connect flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: systemctl stop, service stop, or kill -9 on security daemons (e.g., falcon-sensor, auditd)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of launchctl unload, kill, or removal of security agent daemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process activity, exec events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream process subsystem"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process:exec and kext load events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --info --predicate 'eventMessage CONTAINS \"exec\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-DotNETRuntime",
                    "channel": "Unexpected AppDomain creation events or anomalous AppDomainManager assembly load behavior"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Execution of network stress tools or anomalies in socket/syscall behavior"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unsigned binary execution following SIP change"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Commands altering firewall or enabling listeners (iptables, nft, ufw, firewall-cmd, systemctl start *ssh*/*telnet*, ip route add, tcpdump, tshark)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec: Execution of /sbin/pfctl, /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw, ifconfig, tcpdump, npcap/libpcap consumers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of zip, ditto, hdiutil, or openssl by non-terminal parent processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of binaries with TCC protected access under unexpected parent processes such as Finder.app, SystemUIServer, or nsurlsessiond"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:AppLocker",
                    "channel": "EventCode=8003, 8004"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve, unlink"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "launchd, processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "socat, ssh, or nc processes opening unexpected ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process execution of ssh with -L/-R forwarding flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchd or cron spawning mining binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve or socket/connect system calls for processes using RSA handshake"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process invoking SecKeyCreateRandomKey or asymmetric crypto APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:vmguest",
                    "channel": "Unexpected execution of cloud agent processes (e.g., WindowsAzureGuestAgent.exe, ssm-agent) followed by arbitrary script or binary execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Script interpreter invoked by nginx/apache worker process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of Office binaries with network activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launch of bash/zsh/python/osascript targeting key file locations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of /sbin/emond with child processes launched"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "provider: ETW CreateProcess events linking msbuild.exe to suspicious children where standard logs are incomplete"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "shutdown -h now or reboot"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of Code.app, idea, JetBrainsToolbox, eclipse with install/extension flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process execution events for system discovery utilities (system_profiler, sysctl, networksetup, ioreg) with parameter analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "OpenBSM:AuditTrail",
                    "channel": "BSM audit events for process execution and system call monitoring during reconnaissance"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "host daemon events related to VM operations and configuration queries during reconnaissance"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "VMware kernel events for hardware and system configuration access during environmental validation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "processes modifying environment variables related to history logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: parent process is usb/hid device handler, child process bash/python invoked"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of curl, rclone, or Office apps invoking network sessions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec: Execution of kextstat, kextfind, or ioreg targeting driver information"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "exec events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process creation involving binaries interacting with resource fork data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of suspicious exploit binaries targeting security daemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "execve: Unsigned or unnotarized processes launched with high privileges"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "security OR injection attempts into 1Password OR LastPass"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--3d6e6b3b-4aa8-40e1-8c47-91db0f313d9f",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0042",
                    "external_id": "DC0042"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Drive Creation",
            "description": "The activity of assigning a new drive letter or creating a mount point for a data storage device, such as a USB, network share, or external hard drive, enabling access to its content on a host system. Examples: \n\n- USB Drive Insertion: A USB drive is plugged in and automatically assigned the letter `E:\\` on a Windows machine.\n- Network Drive Mapping: A network share `\\\\server\\share` is mapped to the drive `Z:\\`.\n- Virtual Drive Creation: A virtual disk is mounted on `/mnt/virtualdrive` using an ISO image or a virtual hard disk (VHD).\n- Cloud Storage Mounting: Google Drive is mounted as `G:\\` on a Windows machine using a cloud sync tool.\n- External Storage Integration: An external HDD or SSD is connected and assigned `/mnt/external` on a Linux system..",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Drive",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "Kernel-PnP 410/400 device install, disk added"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "mknod,open,openat"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "mounted|appeared|DA: disk* attached"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1006"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Removable media mount notification"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "com.apple.diskarbitration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1006, 10001"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "device event logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "mount_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Volume Mount + File Read"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=2003"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "udev events or drive enumeration involving TinyPilot paths or device classes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Device attach logs containing TinyPilot/PiKVM identifiers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Hardware enumeration events via IOKit or USBMuxd showing TinyPilot or unknown keyboard/mouse"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Kernel Device Events - USB Block Devices"
                },
                {
                    "name": "maos:osquery",
                    "channel": "mount_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Volume Mount + Process Trace + File Read"
                },
                {
                    "name": "journald:systemd",
                    "channel": "udisks2 or udevd logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --predicate 'eventMessage contains \"USBMSC\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "New HID device enumeration with type 'keyboard' followed by immediate input injection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "New IOUSB keyboard/HID device enumerated with suspicious attributes"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--4c12c1c8-bcef-4daf-8e5b-fca235f71d9e",
            "created": "2022-05-11T16:22:58.802Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0109",
                    "external_id": "DC0109"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Process/Event Alarm",
            "description": "This includes a list of any process alarms or alerts produced to indicate unusual or concerning activity within the operational process (e.g., increased temperature/pressure)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--4dcd8ba3-2075-4f8b-941e-39884ffaac08",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0046",
                    "external_id": "DC0046"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Drive Modification",
            "description": "The alteration of a drive letter, mount point, or other attributes of a data storage device, which could involve reassignment, renaming, permissions changes, or other modifications. Examples: \n\n- Drive Letter Reassignment: A USB drive previously assigned `E:\\` is reassigned to `D:\\` on a Windows machine.\n- Mount Point Change: On a Linux system, a mounted storage device at `/mnt/external` is moved to `/mnt/storage`.\n- Drive Permission Changes: A shared drive's permissions are modified to allow write access for unauthorized users or processes.\n- Renaming of a Drive: A network drive labeled \"HR_Share\" is renamed to \"Shared_Resources.\"\n- Modification of Cloud-Integrated Drives: A cloud storage mount such as Google Drive is modified to sync only specific folders.\n\nThis data component can be collected through the following measures:\n\nWindows Event Logs\n\n- Relevant Events:\n    - Event ID 98: Indicates changes to a volume (e.g., drive letter reassignment).\n    - Event ID 1006: Logs permission modifications or changes to removable storage.\n- Configuration: Enable \"Storage Operational Logs\" in the Event Viewer:\n`Applications and Services Logs > Microsoft > Windows > Storage-Tiering > Operational`\n\nLinux System Logs\n\n- Auditd Configuration: Add audit rules to track changes to mounted drives: `auditctl -w /mnt/ -p w -k drive_modification`\n- Command-Line Monitoring: Use `dmesg` or `journalctl` to observe drive modifications.\n\nmacOS System Logs\n\n- Unified Logs: Collect mount or drive modification events: `log show --info | grep \"Volume modified\"`\n- Command-Line Monitoring: Use `diskutil` to track changes:\n\nEndpoint Detection and Response (EDR) Tools\n\n- Configure policies in EDR solutions to monitor and log changes to drive configurations or attributes.\n\nSIEM Tools\n\n- Aggregate logs from multiple systems into a centralized platform like Splunk to correlate events and alert on suspicious drive modification activities.\n",
            "x_mitre_data_source_ref": "",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Drive",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:runtime",
                    "channel": "Firmware image uploaded via TFTP/FTP/SCP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "Raw disk write access via \\\\.\\PhysicalDrive* or \\\\.\\C:"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "IOKit disk write calls targeting raw devices"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Block device write errors or unusual bootloader activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:firmware",
                    "channel": "Unexpected firmware image upload events via TFTP/FTP/SCP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "Raw write attempts targeting \\\\.\\PhysicalDrive0 or sector 0 (MBR/partition table)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "IOKit raw disk write to EFI/boot partition sectors"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "Raw disk writes targeting \\\\.\\PhysicalDrive* or MBR locations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "IOKit raw disk write activity targeting physical devices"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--5297a638-1382-4f0c-8472-0d21830bf705",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0060",
                    "external_id": "DC0060"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Service Creation",
            "description": "The registration of a new service or daemon on an operating system.\n\n*Data Collection Measures:*\n\n- Windows Event Logs\n    - Event ID 4697 - Captures the creation of a new Windows service.\n    - Event ID 7045 - Captures services installed by administrators or adversaries.\n    - Event ID 7034 - Could indicate malicious service modification or exploitation.\n- Sysmon Logs\n    - Sysmon Event ID 1 - Process Creation (captures service executables).\n    - Sysmon Event ID 4 - Service state changes (detects service installation).\n    - Sysmon Event ID 13 - Registry modifications (captures service persistence changes).\n- PowerShell Logging\n    - Monitor `New-Service` and `Set-Service` PowerShell cmdlets in Event ID 4104 (Script Block Logging).\n- Linux/macOS Collection Methods\n    - AuditD & Syslog Daemon Logs (`/var/log/syslog`, `/var/log/messages`, `/var/log/daemon.log`)\n    - AuditD Rules:\n        - `auditctl -w /etc/systemd/system -p wa -k service_creation`\n        - Detects changes to `systemd` service configurations.\n- Systemd Journals (`journalctl -u <service_name>`)\n    - Captures newly created systemd services.\n- LaunchDaemons & LaunchAgents (macOS)\n    - Monitor `/Library/LaunchDaemons/` and `/Library/LaunchAgents/` for new plist files.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Service",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=7036"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:CONFIG_CHANGE",
                    "channel": "creation or modification of systemd services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Process Events and Launch Daemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=7045"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "newly registered unit file with ExecStart pointing to unknown binary"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "creation or loading of new launchd services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4697"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "systemctl start/enable with uncommon binary paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=7031, 7034"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "launch_daemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchd loading new LaunchDaemon or changes to existing daemon configuration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "detection of new launch agents with suspicious paths or unsigned binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "create"
                },
                {
                    "name": "containerLogs:systemd_unit_files",
                    "channel": "unit file referencing container binary with persistent flags"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--61f1d40e-f3d0-4cc6-aa2d-937b6204194f",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0033",
                    "external_id": "DC0033"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Process Termination",
            "description": "The exit or termination of a running process on a system. This can occur due to normal operations, user-initiated commands, or malicious actions such as process termination by malware to disable security controls.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=5"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected termination of daemons or critical services not aligned with admin change tickets"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_termination: Unexpected termination of processes tied to vulnerable or high-value services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Log entries indicating VM powered off or forcibly terminated"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Terminal process killed (killall Terminal) immediately after sudoers modification"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "exit_group"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process.*exit.*code"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "unexpected termination of syslog or rsyslog processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Process segfault or abnormal termination after invoking vulnerable syscall sequence"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "kill syscalls targeting logging/security processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Termination of syspolicyd or XProtect processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:runtime",
                    "channel": "Termination of monitoring sidecar or security container"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--639e87f3-acb6-448a-9645-258f20da4bc5",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0059",
                    "external_id": "DC0059"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "File Metadata",
            "description": "contextual information about a file, including attributes such as the file's name, size, type, content (e.g., signatures, headers, media), user/owner, permissions, timestamps, and other related properties. File metadata provides insights into a file's characteristics and can be used to detect malicious activity, unauthorized modifications, or other anomalies. Examples: \n\n- File Ownership and Permissions: Checking the owner and permissions of a critical configuration file like /etc/passwd on Linux or C:\\Windows\\System32\\config\\SAM on Windows.\n- Timestamps: Analyzing the creation, modification, and access timestamps of a file.\n- File Content and Signatures: Extracting the headers of an executable file to verify its signature or detect packing/obfuscation.\n- File Attributes: Analyzing attributes like hidden, system, or read-only flags in Windows.\n- File Hashes: Generating MD5, SHA-1, or SHA-256 hashes of files to compare against threat intelligence feeds.\n- File Location: Monitoring files located in unusual directories or paths, such as temporary or user folders.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "event-based"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-CodeIntegrity/Operational",
                    "channel": "Invalid/Unsigned image when developer tool launches newly installed binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "journald:package",
                    "channel": "dpkg/apt or yum/dnf transaction logs (install/update of build tools)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events, hash"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "softwareupdated/homebrew/install logs, pkginstalld events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "AMFI or Gatekeeper signature/notarization failures for newly installed dev components"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Inotify watch creation or auditctl changes on /etc/cron* or /lib/systemd/system/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Discrepancies in _VBA_PROJECT p-code vs source code extracted with oletools/pcodedmp"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Detection of altered _VBA_PROJECT or PerformanceCache streams"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:file",
                    "channel": "File Metadata Inspection (Low String Entropy, Missing PDB)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "hash, elf_info, file_metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "code_signing, file_metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Windows Defender",
                    "channel": "Operational log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem:syspolicyd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File metadata updated with UF_HIDDEN flag"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=15"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "file path matches exclusion directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "PATH"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "PATH"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "es_event_file_rename_t or es_event_file_write_t"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fileevents",
                    "channel": "/var/log/install.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "file write after sleep delay"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Upload of file to datastore"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "Unexpected container volume unmount + file deletion"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:file",
                    "channel": "File Metadata Analysis (PE overlays, entropy)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "elf_info, hash, yara_matches"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "mach_o_info, file_metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Code signature validation fails or is absent post-binary modification"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:filesystem",
                    "channel": "Binary file hash changes outside of update/patch cycles"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Read headers and detect MIME type mismatch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Code signing verification failures or bypassed trust decisions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Observed File Transfers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Storage access and file ops"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Creation of new LaunchAgent or LoginItem plist files in ~/Library/LaunchAgents/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:CONFIG_CHANGE",
                    "channel": "chmod or chown of hook files indicating privilege escalation or execution permission change"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "filesystem events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "xattr -d com.apple.quarantine or similar attribute removal commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Gatekeeper quarantine policy decision anomalies recorded in com.apple.LaunchServices.QuarantineEventsV2"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "application or system execution logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4663, 4670, 4656"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "syscall in (chmod, fchmod, fchmodat, chown, fchown, fchownat, setxattr, lsetxattr, fsetxattr)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "file permission modification events in kernel messages"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsevents",
                    "channel": "file system events indicating permission or attribute changes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "OpenBSM:AuditTrail",
                    "channel": "BSM audit events for file permission modifications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "host daemon events related to file or VM permission changes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "VMware kernel events for file system permission modifications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-CodeIntegrity/Operational",
                    "channel": "Unsigned or invalid image for newly installed/updated binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "journald:package",
                    "channel": "dpkg/apt/yum/dnf transaction logs; vendor updaters in systemd journals"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "pkginstalld/softwareupdated/Homebrew install transactions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "AMFI/Gatekeeper code signature or notarization failures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:detection",
                    "channel": "App reputation telemetry"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gatekeeper/quarantine database",
                    "channel": "LaunchServices quarantine"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events.path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "setuid or setgid bit changes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Filesystem modifications to trusted paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "filesystem monitoring of exec/open"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "syscall in (chmod, fchmod, fchmodat, chown, fchown, fchownat, lchown, setxattr, lsetxattr, fsetxattr, removexattr, lremovexattr, fremovexattr)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "file path modifications on critical system directories (/etc, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /var, /opt)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "kernel messages related to file system permission changes and security violations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "OpenBSM:AuditTrail",
                    "channel": "BSM audit events for file permission, ownership, and attribute modifications with user context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "kernel extension and system extension logs related to file system security violations or SIP bypass attempts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-CodeIntegrity/Operational",
                    "channel": "Code integrity violations in boot-start drivers or firmware"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fwupd:logs",
                    "channel": "Firmware updates applied or failed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "es_event_authentication"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Datastore modification events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Write or modify .desktop file in XDG autostart path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected application binary modifications or altered signing status"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "setxattr or getxattr system call"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "extended attribute write or modification"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4663, 4656, 4658"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "chmod, chown, setxattr, or file writes to /etc/ssl/* or /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "New certificate trust settings added by unexpected process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "Datastore file hidden or renamed unexpectedly"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Windows Defender",
                    "channel": "Operational"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem=com.apple.lsd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:RepoEvents",
                    "channel": "New file added or modified in PR targeting CI/CD or build config (e.g., `gitlab-ci.yml`, `build.gradle`, `pom.xml`, `.github/workflows/*.yml`)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-CodeIntegrity/Operational",
                    "channel": "CodeIntegrity reports 'Invalid image hash' or 'Unsigned image' for new/updated binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Windows Defender/Operational",
                    "channel": "SmartScreen or ASR blocks on newly downloaded installer/updater"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Setup",
                    "channel": "MSI/Product install, repair or update events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "journald:package",
                    "channel": "dpkg/apt install, remove, upgrade events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "journald:package",
                    "channel": "yum/dnf install or update transactions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "hash, rpm_packages, deb_packages, file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "installer or system_installd 'PackageKit: install succeeded/failed' with non-notarized or unknown signer"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Gatekeeper/AMFI 'code signature invalid' / 'not notarized' messages"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "OS version query results inconsistent with expected or approved version list"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File creation or modification with com.apple.ResourceFork extended attribute"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--66531bc6-a509-4868-8314-4d599e91d222",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0065",
                    "external_id": "DC0065"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Service Modification",
            "description": "Changes made to an existing service or daemon, such as modifying the service name, start type, execution parameters, or security configurations.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Service",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-IIS-Configuration",
                    "channel": "Module or ISAPI filter registration events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=7040"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--685f917a-e95e-4ba0-ade1-c7d354dae6e0",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0064",
                    "external_id": "DC0064"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Command Execution",
            "description": "Command Execution involves monitoring and capturing the execution of textual commands (including shell commands, cmdlets, and scripts) within an operating system or application. These commands may include arguments or parameters and are typically executed through interpreters such as `cmd.exe`, `bash`, `zsh`, `PowerShell`, or programmatic execution. Examples: \n\n- Windows Command Prompt\n    - dir \u2013 Lists directory contents.\n    - net user \u2013 Queries or manipulates user accounts.\n    - tasklist \u2013 Lists running processes.\n- PowerShell\n    - Get-Process \u2013 Retrieves processes running on a system.\n    - Set-ExecutionPolicy \u2013 Changes PowerShell script execution policies.\n    - Invoke-WebRequest \u2013 Downloads remote resources.\n- Linux Shell\n    - ls \u2013 Lists files in a directory.\n    - cat /etc/passwd \u2013 Reads the user accounts file.\n    - curl http://malicious-site.com \u2013 Retrieves content from a malicious URL.\n- Container Environments\n    - docker exec \u2013 Executes a command inside a running container.\n    - kubectl exec \u2013 Runs commands in Kubernetes pods.\n- macOS Terminal\n    - open \u2013 Opens files or URLs.\n    - dscl . -list /Users \u2013 Lists all users on the system.\n    - osascript -e \u2013 Executes AppleScript commands.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Command",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execution of realmd, samba-tool, or ldapmodify with user-related arguments"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "dsconfigad or dscl with create or append options for AD-bound users"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:AMSI",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "cron activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "Get-ADTrust|GetAllTrustRelationships"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Execution of script interpreters by systemd timer (ExecStart)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "InvokeFunction"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Automated forwarding or file sync initiated by a logic app"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4103, 4104, 4105, 4106"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Suspicious script or command execution targeting browser folders"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "snapshot create/copy, esxcli"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Commands like systemctl stop <service>, service <service> stop, or kill -9 <pid>"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchctl unload, kill, or pkill commands affecting daemons or background services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of security-agent detection or enumeration commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --predicate"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "Execution of Microsoft script to enumerate custom forms in Outlook mailbox"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:messagetrace",
                    "channel": "Inbound email triggers execution of mailbox-stored custom form"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Use of mv or cp to rename files with '.' prefix"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of chflags hidden or SetFile -a V"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "interactive shell"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "CLI command"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "/var/log/vmkernel.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve calls to locale, timedatectl, or cat /etc/timezone"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "defaults read -g AppleLocale, systemsetup -gettimezone"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "profiles install -type=configuration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "sleep function usage or loops (nanosleep, usleep) in scripts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Search-Mailbox, Get-MessageTrace, eDiscovery requests"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:cli",
                    "channel": "Command Line Telemetry"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --predicate 'eventMessage contains \"loginwindow\" or \"pfctl\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Command Audit / Configuration Change"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Office/OutlookAddinMonitor",
                    "channel": "Outlook loading add-in via unexpected load path or non-default profile context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec or sudo usage with NOPASSWD context or echo modifying sudoers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4103, 4104, 4105, 4106"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of update-ca-certificates or trust anchor modification commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of /usr/bin/security add-trusted-cert or keychain modifications to System.keychain"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "gcore, gdb, strings, hexdump execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "connect, execve, write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "command execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Execution of auditctl, systemctl stop auditd, or kill -9 auditd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:syslog",
                    "channel": "system.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "/var/log/hostd.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "/var/log/shell.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:daemon",
                    "channel": "docker exec or docker run with unexpected command/entrypoint"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve call including 'nohup' or trailing '&'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "nohup, disown, or osascript execution patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "CommandLine=copy-item or robocopy from UNC path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "invoked remote scripts (esxcli)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "execution of systemctl with subcommands start, stop, enable, disable"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Policy Update"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "eventName: RunInstances, CreateUser, PutRolePolicy, InvokeCommand"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "methodName: setIamPolicy, startInstance, createServiceAccount"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Commands executed within an SSH session where no matching logon/authentication event exists"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "modification of config files or shell command execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "Shell process (e.g., /bin/sh, /bin/bash) spawned in a container without an interactive session attached (i.e., automation anomaly)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of 'profiles install -type=configuration'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem:com.apple.Terminal"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "eventlog"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "shell access or job registration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "PowerShell launched from outlook.exe or triggered without user invocation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:messagetrace",
                    "channel": "Inbound email matches crafted rule trigger pattern tied to persistence logic"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linus:syslog",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Unusual outbound transfers from CLI tools like base64, gzip, or netcat"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "base64 or curl processes chained within short execution window"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "base64 or gzip use within shell session"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec: Invocation of /usr/bin/defaults write or /usr/bin/plutil modifying plist keys"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "chmod, execve"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "chmod command with arguments including '+s', 'u+s', or numeric values 4000\u20136777"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "command includes dscl . delete or sysadminctl --deleteUser"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file system activity monitor"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "ip ssh pubkey-chain"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "scripts or binaries with misleading names"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Execution of GUI-related binaries with suppressed window/display flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linuxsyslog",
                    "channel": "nslcd or winbind logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "DS daemon log entries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "logline inspection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "diskutil eraseDisk / asr restore with destructive flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "erase flash:, erase startup-config, format disk"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "command_exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: iptables, nft, firewall-cmd modifications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "pfctl -d, socketfilterfw --setglobalstate off, or modifications to com.apple.alf"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "esxcli network firewall set commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:events",
                    "channel": "container exec rm|container stop --force"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "event stream"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "CLI command logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "/var/log/shell.log entries containing \"esxcli system clock get\""
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "command-exec: CLI commands containing \"show clock\", \"show clock detail\", \"show timezone\" executed by suspicious user/source"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "cmd: cmd=show clock detail"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "curl -X POST, wget --post-data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sudo chage|grep pam_pwquality|cat /etc/login.defs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "pwpolicy|PasswordPolicy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "cmd='show aaa*' OR 'show running-config | include password|aaa' OR 'show aaa common-criteria policy all'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "CLI command audit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Execution of commands to load, copy, or replace system images (e.g., 'copy tftp flash', 'boot system')"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "Execution of PowerShell script to enumerate or remove malicious Home Page folder config"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:messagetrace",
                    "channel": "Inbound email triggering Outlook to auto-access folder tied to malicious Home Page"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Command line contains smbutil view //, mount_smbfs //"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Invocation of scp, rsync, curl, or sftp"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "scp/ssh used to move file across hosts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "command line arguments containing lsblk, fdisk, parted"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log messages related to disk enumeration context or Terminal session"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve calls modifying local mail filter configuration files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sudo execution of ffmpeg/gst-launch/v4l2-ctl by non-standard user"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:api",
                    "channel": "docker logs access or container inspect commands from non-administrative users"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "command IN (\"esxcli vm process list\", \"vim-cmd vmsvc/getallvms\")"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: process_name IN (\"virsh\", \"VBoxManage\", \"qemu-img\") AND command IN (\"list\", \"info\")"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "openssl|tar|dd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "SSM RunCommand"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:activity",
                    "channel": "Intune PowerShell Scripts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "Cmdlet: Get-GlobalAddressList, Get-Recipient"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Execution of commands like 'show running-config', 'copy running-config', or 'export config'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "boot logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "system boot logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: service stop syslog, systemctl stop rsyslog, kill -9 syslog"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "defaults write com.apple.system.logging or logd manipulation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "esxcli system syslog config set or reload"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: openssl pkcs12, certutil, keytool"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process calling security find-certificate, export, or import"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Execution of CLI commands altering crypto parameters (e.g., 'crypto key generate rsa modulus 512')"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Process in container namespace executes curl|wget|bash|sh|python|nc with outbound args"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "Get-RoleGroup, Get-DistributionGroup"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execution of systemctl or service with enable/start parameters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of cat, less, grep, journalctl targeting log directories (/var/log/)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of log show, fs_usage, or cat targeting system.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "GetLogEvents: High frequency log exports from CloudWatch or equivalent services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "Execution of cat, tail, grep targeting /var/log/vmkernel.log or /var/log/hostd.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "CLI usage logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:syslog",
                    "channel": "/var/log/system.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of launchctl load/unload/start commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "Exchange Cmdlets"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of python, perl, or custom binaries invoking compression libraries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve, USER_CMD"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:USER_CMD",
                    "channel": "USER_CMD"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "Command execution trace"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "bash/zsh of base64, tar, gzip, or openssl immediately after file write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Command-line includes base64 -d or openssl enc -d"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "base64 -d or osascript invoked on staged file"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "exec: Execution of dd, efibootmgr, or flashrom modifying firmware/boot partitions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "curl -d, wget --post-data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Processes executing sendmail/postfix with forged headers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "diskutil partitionDisk or eraseVolume with partition scheme modifications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "format flash:, format disk, reformat commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of tar, gzip, bzip2, xz, zip, or openssl with compression/encryption arguments"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PROCTITLE",
                    "channel": "proctitle contains chmod, chown, setfacl, or attr commands with suspicious parameters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "shell command execution for chmod, chown, or file permission modification on VMFS or system files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:Firewall",
                    "channel": "Audit trail or CLI/API access indicating commands like no access-list, delete rule-set, clear config"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "grep/cat/awk on files with password fields"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "grep/cat on files matching credential patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "process execution involving curl, grep, or awk on secrets"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "command-line execution invoking credential enumeration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "promiscuous mode transitions (ioctl or ifconfig)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "access to BPF devices or interface IOCTLs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "exec command='monitor capture'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Office-Alerts",
                    "channel": "Unexpected DLL or component loaded at Office startup"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:office",
                    "channel": "Startup execution includes non-default component"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "diskutil eraseDisk/zeroDisk or asr restore with destructive flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "erase flash:, erase nvram:, format disk"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "spctl --master-disable, csrutil disable, or defaults write to disable Gatekeeper"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "esxcli system syslog config set --loghost='' or stopping hostd service"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "no logging buffered, no aaa new-model, disable firewall"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "git push, curl -X POST"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:cli",
                    "channel": "command logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "command log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "command logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "interactive shell logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Execution of '/bin/vmx' or modifications to '/etc/rc.local.d/local.sh'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "chattr, rm, shred, dd run on recovery directories or partitions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "command sequence: erase \u2192 format \u2192 reload"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process: at, job runner"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Interpreter exec with suspicious arguments as above"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of curl or wget writing files to /tmp/* followed by chmod or execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of downgraded interpreters such as python2 or forced fallback commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PROCTITLE",
                    "channel": "proctitle contains chmod, chown, chgrp, setfacl, or attr with suspicious parameters (777, 755, +x, -R)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Execution of gsettings set org.gnome.login-screen disable-user-list true"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of dscl . create with IsHidden=1"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sshd logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "Shell Access/Command Execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "CLI Command Logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:CONFIG_CHANGE",
                    "channel": "udev rule reload or trigger command executed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:cli",
                    "channel": "Shell history logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --predicate 'processImagePath contains \"zip\" OR \"base64\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "command logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Command Execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "launchd + process_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "DCUI shell start, BusyBox activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "remote CLI + vim-cmd logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "CLI Command Audit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:defender",
                    "channel": "Activity Log: Command Invocation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "CmdletName: Get-Recipient, Get-User"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "Execution of 'Get-WmiObject Win32_Product' or similar PowerShell cmdlets"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:shell",
                    "channel": "Manual invocation of software enumeration commands via interactive shell"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Command line arguments including SPApplicationsDataType"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "ssm:GetCommandInvocation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "esxcli software vib list"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "execution of setfattr or getfattr commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "xattr utility execution with -w or -p flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Execution of spoofing tools (e.g., hping3, nping, scapy) sending UDP packets to known amplifier ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execution of tools like cat, grep, or awk on credential files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "execution of 'security', 'cat', or 'grep' commands accessing credential storage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "CLI access to 'show running-config', 'show password', or 'cat config.txt'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of curl, rsync, wget with internal knowledge base or IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "/root/.ash_history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of systemctl, loginctl, or systemd-inhibit commands related to sleep/hibernate"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Execution of xev, xdotool, or input activity emulators"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchctl load or boot-time plist registration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of interpreters creating archive-like outputs without calling tar/gzip"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "command audit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Interface commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "dscl -create"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "esxcli system account add"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "useradd or /etc/passwd modified inside container"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Execution of insmod, modprobe, or rmmod commands by non-standard users or outside expected timeframes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "kextload execution from Terminal or suspicious paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "Execution of PowerShell without -NoProfile flag"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Process execution of update-ca-certificates or openssl with suspicious arguments"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "xattr -d com.apple.quarantine or similar removal commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "OperationName=SetDomainAuthentication OR Update-MsolFederatedDomain"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Sudo or root escalation followed by filesystem mount commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4101"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Execution of privileged commands such as 'copy tftp flash', 'boot system', or 'debug memory'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve syscalls for discovery commands (uname, hostname, id, whoami, ps, netstat, mount) with command-line parameter analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PROCTITLE",
                    "channel": "process title records containing discovery command sequences and environmental assessment patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Security framework operations including keychain access, cryptographic operations, and certificate validation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Set-Mailbox, New-InboxRule"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Execution of commands disabling crypto hardware acceleration (e.g., 'no crypto engine enable')"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of curl, wget, or custom scripts accessing financial endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "Execution of chattr to set +i or +a attributes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of chflags hidden or setfile -a V"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "mv, rename, or chmod commands moving VM files into hidden directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "execution + payload hints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "process_events.command_line"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process:spawn, process:exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vobd",
                    "channel": "shell session start"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "shell command"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Office-Alerts",
                    "channel": "Office application warning or alert on macro execution from template"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Set-Mailbox, Set-MailboxPolicy, Set-TrustedLocation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:office",
                    "channel": "Execution of unsigned macro from template"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:cli",
                    "channel": "Terminal Command History"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "csrutil disable"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log show --predicate 'process == <utility>'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Privilege-level command execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of tar, gzip, bzip2, or openssl with output redirection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:PRMetadata",
                    "channel": "Commit message or branch name contains encoded strings or payload indicators"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of launchctl with setenv or bootout targeting TCC.db or AppleScript under Finder context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "`esxcli software vib install` with `--force` or `--no-sig-check` from shell history or `shell.log`"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "SendCommand, StartSession, ExecuteCommand: Unexpected AWS Systems Manager command execution targeting EC2 instances"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Unexpected restarts of management agents or shell access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "curl or wget with POST/PUT options"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Detected CLI command to export key material"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "PKI export or certificate manipulation commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "command execution triggered by emond (e.g., shell, curl, python)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "esxcli, vim-cmd invocation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "CLI session activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve=/sbin/shutdown or /sbin/reboot"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "esxcli system shutdown or reboot invoked"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "reload command issued"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PROCTITLE",
                    "channel": "command-line execution patterns for system discovery utilities (uname, hostname, ifconfig, netstat, lsof, ps, mount)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "shell command execution for system discovery (vim-cmd, esxcli, vmware-cmd) targeting VM inventory and host configuration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "vpxd.log",
                    "channel": "VM inventory queries and configuration enumeration through vCenter API calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve calls modifying HISTFILE or HISTCONTROL via unset/export"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Set or unset HIST* variables in shell environment"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "unset HISTFILE or HISTFILESIZE modifications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Commands like 'no logging' or equivalents that disable session history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve calls to /usr/bin/locale or shell execution of $LANG"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "defaults read -g AppleLocale or systemsetup -gettimezone"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:cli",
                    "channel": "Execution of commands such as 'copy tftp flash', 'boot system <image>', 'reload'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:EXECVE",
                    "channel": "curl -T, rclone copy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execution of systemctl or service with enable/start/modify"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchctl load/unload or plist file modification"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "syslog facility LOCAL7 or trap messages"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:cli",
                    "channel": "/home/*/.bash_history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve: Execution of lsmod, modinfo, or cat /proc/modules"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration changes referencing 'boot system tftp' or modification of startup-config pointing to external TFTP servers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "dscl . -create"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of commands like `ls -l@`, `xattr -l`, or custom tools interacting with resource forks"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxd",
                    "channel": "vCenter Management"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--74fa567d-bc90-425c-8a41-3c703abb221c",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0041",
                    "external_id": "DC0041"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Service Metadata",
            "description": "Contextual data about a service/daemon, which may include information such as name, service executable, start type, etc.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Service",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "service stopped messages"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launchctl disable or bootout calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Stop VM or disable service events via vim-cmd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "auditd service stopped or disabled"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "launchd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "scheduled/real-time"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem=com.apple.launchservices"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "registers services with legitimate-sounding names"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=7035"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Service restart with modified executable path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Observed loading of new LaunchAgent or LaunchDaemon plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "seccomp or AppArmor profile changes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "Service stopped or RecoveryDisabled set via REAgentC"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Service events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:WinRM",
                    "channel": "EventCode=6"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:CONFIG_CHANGE",
                    "channel": "delete: Modification of systemd unit files or config for security agents"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification of system configuration profiles affecting security tools"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "kubectl delete or patch of security pods/admission controllers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "write: Startup configuration changes disabling security checks"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--7b375092-3a61-448d-900a-77c9a4bde4dc",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0005",
                    "external_id": "DC0005"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Scheduled Job Metadata",
            "description": "Contextual data about a scheduled job, which may include information such as name, timing, command(s), etc.",
            "x_mitre_data_source_ref": "",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Scheduled Job",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:cron",
                    "channel": "cron activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fileevents",
                    "channel": "/Library/LaunchDaemons/*.plist, ~/Library/LaunchAgents/*.plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:TaskScheduler",
                    "channel": "Task registration/execution shortly after a time discovery event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "New/modified launchd plist (persistence/scheduling) within TimeWindow after time query"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "/var/log/vpxa.log task invocations tied to time configuration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=106, 200"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:launchd",
                    "channel": "launchd.plist and logs"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--84572de3-9583-4c73-aabd-06ea88123dd8",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0061",
                    "external_id": "DC0061"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "File Modification",
            "description": "Changes made to a file, including updates to its contents, metadata, access permissions, or attributes. These modifications may indicate legitimate activity (e.g., software updates) or unauthorized changes (e.g., tampering, ransomware, or adversarial modifications). Examples: \n\n- Content Modifications: Changes to the content of a configuration file, such as modifying `/etc/ssh/sshd_config` on Linux or `C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts` on Windows.\n- Permission Changes: Altering file permissions to allow broader access, such as changing a file from `644` to `777` on Linux or modifying NTFS permissions on Windows.\n- Attribute Modifications: Changing a file's attributes to hidden, read-only, or system on Windows.\n- Timestamp Manipulation: Adjusting a file's creation or modification timestamp using tools like `touch` in Linux or timestomping tools on Windows.\n- Software or System File Changes: Modifying system files such as `boot.ini`, kernel modules, or application binaries.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/write calls modifying ~/.bashrc, ~/.profile, or /etc/paths.d"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File modification in /etc/paths.d or user shell rc files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fileevents",
                    "channel": "/var/log/quarantine.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification of ~/Library/LaunchAgents or /Library/LaunchDaemons plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "AUDIT_SYSCALL (open, write, rename, unlink)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_WRITE, targeting .zshrc, .zlogin, .zprofile"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fileevents",
                    "channel": "/var/log/install.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "PATH"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=2"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve call for modification of /etc/sudoers or writing to /var/db/sudo"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, write: File modifications under /etc/ssl/certs, /usr/local/share/ca-certificates, or /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "query: Enumeration of root certificates showing unexpected additions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, unlink, rename: Suspicious file access, deletion, or modification of sensitive paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Anomalous plist modifications or sensitive file overwrites by non-standard processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "Modification or deletion of /etc/audit/audit.rules or /etc/audit/audit.conf"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/write of .service unit files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/write/unlink"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "loginwindow or desktopservices modified settings or files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ESXiLogs:messages",
                    "channel": "changes to /etc/motd or /etc/vmware/welcome"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write, rename"
                },
                {
                    "name": "containerd:runtime",
                    "channel": "file change monitoring within /etc/cron.*, /tmp, or mounted volumes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:cron",
                    "channel": "manual edits to /etc/rc.local.d/local.sh or cron.d"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "/etc/passwd or /etc/group file write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "SecurityAgentPlugins modification"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "write: File modifications to *.plist within LaunchAgents, LaunchDaemons, Application Support, or Preferences directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "boot"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "config"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification of backgrounditems.btm or creation of LoginItems subdirectory in .app bundle"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:filesystem",
                    "channel": "Modification or creation of files matching 'com.apple.loginwindow.*.plist' in ~/Library/Preferences/ByHost"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write | PATH=/home/*/.ssh/authorized_keys"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:auth",
                    "channel": "~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "compute.instances.setMetadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:resource",
                    "channel": "PATCH vm/authorized_keys"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "file write or edit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "rename"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ebpf:syscalls",
                    "channel": "file_write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification of plist with apple.awt.UIElement set to TRUE"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "unlink, write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, write: Write operations targeting /dev/sda, /dev/nvme0n1, or EFI partition mounts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "write: Modification of /boot/grub/*, /boot/efi/EFI/*, or initramfs images"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "config-change: timezone or ntp server configuration change after a time query command"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "replace existing dylibs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration changes to boot variables, startup image paths, or checksum verification failures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "firmware:update",
                    "channel": "Unexpected or unscheduled firmware updates, image overwrites, or failed signature validation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "IntegrityCheck:ImageValidation",
                    "channel": "Checksum or hash mismatch between running image and known-good vendor-provided image"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "File modifications in ~/Library/Preferences/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/write to /etc/pam.d/*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification of /Library/Security/SecurityAgentPlugins"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modifications to Mail.app plist files controlling message rules"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4663, 4670, 4656"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write: Modification of structured stored data by suspicious processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected log entries or malformed SQL operations in databases"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected creation or modification of stored data files in protected directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "openat, write, rename, unlink"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file encrypted|new file with .encrypted extension|disk write burst"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "rename .vmdk to .*.locked|datastore write spike"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Mach-O binary modified or LC_LOAD_DYLIB segment inserted"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/write syscalls targeting /etc/ld.so.preload or binaries in /usr/bin"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modified application plist or binary replacement in /Applications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "admin command usage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "startup-config"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File creation or overwrite in common web-hosting folders"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Unauthorized file modifications within datastore volumes via shell access or vCLI"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration changes referencing 'crypto', 'key length', 'cipher', or downgrade of encryption settings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "FirmwareLogs:Update",
                    "channel": "Unexpected firmware or image updates modifying cryptographic modules"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:plist",
                    "channel": "/var/root/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "modification of existing .service file"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "write or create events on *.pth, sitecustomize.py, usercustomize.py in site-packages or dist-packages"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "write of plist files in /Library/LaunchAgents or /Library/LaunchDaemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "Unexpected modification to lsass.exe or cryptdll.dll"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkconfig",
                    "channel": "unexpected OS image file upload or modification events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "network:runtime",
                    "channel": "checksum or runtime memory verification failures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, write: Modification of /boot/grub/* or /boot/efi/*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification of /System/Library/CoreServices/boot.efi"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification of LaunchAgents or LaunchDaemons plist files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "chmod"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "rename,chmod"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsevents",
                    "channel": "create/write/rename under user-writable paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Changes to LSFileQuarantineEnabled field in Info.plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file access to /usr/lib/cron/tabs/ and cron output files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "modification of crontab or local.sh entries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration file modified or replaced on network device"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Plist modifications containing virtualization run configurations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file access to /usr/lib/cron/at and job execution path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "binary modified or replaced"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "binary or module replacement event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration change events referencing encryption, TLS/SSL, or IPSec settings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:firmware",
                    "channel": "Unexpected firmware update or image modification affecting crypto modules"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsevents",
                    "channel": "file system events indicating permission, ownership, or extended attribute changes on critical paths. File system modification events with kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemChangeOwner, kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemXattrMod flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:FILE",
                    "channel": "Modification of Display Manager configuration files (/etc/gdm3/*, /etc/lightdm/*)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification of /Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Modification of user shell profile or trap registration via echo/redirection (e.g., echo \"trap 'malicious_cmd' INT\" >> ~/.bashrc)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "File write or append to .zshrc, .bash_profile, .zprofile, etc."
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "chmod, write, create, open"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsevents",
                    "channel": "Extensions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open, write: File writes to application binaries or libraries at runtime"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "CALCULATE: Mismatch in file integrity of critical macOS applications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "file write operations in /Library/WebServer/Documents"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:launchdaemons",
                    "channel": "file_modify"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PATH",
                    "channel": "write: File modifications to /etc/systemd/sleep.conf or related power configuration files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "write: File modification to com.apple.PowerManagement.plist or related system preference files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "modification of existing LaunchAgents plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "create/modify dylib in monitored directories"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:CodeIntegrity",
                    "channel": "EventCode=3033"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write operation on /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "modification to /var/db/dslocal/nodes/Default/users/"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "New or modified kernel object files (.ko) within /lib/modules directory"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Modifications to /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy or kext_policy table"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:audit",
                    "channel": "SNMP configuration changes, such as enabling read/write access or modifying community strings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "mount or losetup commands creating hidden or encrypted FS"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Hidden volume attachment or modification events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Suspicious plist edits for volume mounting behavior"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration changes to startup image paths, boot loader parameters, or debug flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Checksum/hash mismatch between device OS image and baseline known-good version"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "file writes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:defender",
                    "channel": "OfficeTelemetry or DLP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "Filesystem Access Logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration changes referencing cryptographic hardware modules or disabling hardware acceleration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "FirmwareLogs:Update",
                    "channel": "Unexpected firmware updates that alter encryption libraries or disable hardware crypto modules"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:office",
                    "channel": "Anomalous editing of invoice or payment document templates"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "truncate, unlink, write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modification or replacement of /Library/Application Support/com.apple.TCC/TCC.db or ~/Library/Application Support/com.apple.TCC/TCC.db"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:fim",
                    "channel": "Changes to /etc/rc.local.d/local.sh or creation of unexpected startup files in persistent partitions (/etc/init.d, /store, /locker)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "write, rename"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/write to /proc/*/mem or /proc/*/maps"
                },
                {
                    "name": "sysdig:file",
                    "channel": "evt.type=write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "rule definitions written to emond rule plists"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration changes referencing older image versions or unexpected boot parameters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "FileIntegrity:ImageValidation",
                    "channel": "Hash/checksum mismatch against baseline vendor-provided OS image versions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write or rename to /etc/systemd/system or /etc/init.d"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "file write to launchd plist paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "modification of entrypoint scripts or init containers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:plist_monitoring",
                    "channel": "/Users/*/Library/Mail/V*/MailData/RulesActiveState.plist"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "chmod/chown to /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "open/write syscalls targeting web directory files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Terminal/Editor processes modifying web folder"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "/var/log/vmkernel.log"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--8ed4e6d0-56d7-4e6b-8fa6-41f41631f30d",
            "created": "2022-09-23T16:36:08.632Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0111",
                    "external_id": "DC0111"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Software",
            "description": "This includes sources of current and expected software or application programs deployed to a device, along with information on the version and patch level for vendor products, full source code for any application programs, and unique identifiers (e.g., hashes, signatures).",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--931b3fc6-ad68-42a8-9018-e98515eedc95",
            "created": "2022-05-11T16:22:58.802Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0107",
                    "external_id": "DC0107"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Process History/Live Data",
            "description": "This includes any data stores that maintain historical or real-time events and telemetry recorded from various sensors or devices",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--9bde2f9d-a695-4344-bfac-f2dce13d121e",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0021",
                    "external_id": "DC0021"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "OS API Execution",
            "description": "Calls made by a process to operating system-provided Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). These calls are essential for interacting with system resources such as memory, files, and hardware, or for performing system-level tasks. Monitoring these calls can provide insight into a process's intent, especially if the process is malicious.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Base",
                    "channel": "GetLocaleInfoW, GetTimeZoneInformation API calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "GetMetadata, DescribeInstanceIdentity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "open, execve: Unexpected processes accessing or modifying critical files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "ptrace, ioctl"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "API tracing / stack tracing via ETW or telemetry-based EDR"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:memory",
                    "channel": "Behavioral API telemetry (GetProcAddress, LoadLibrary, VirtualAlloc)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "aaa privilege_exec"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "APCQueueOperations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Invocation of SMLoginItemSetEnabled by non-system or recently installed application"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "flock|NSDistributedLock|FileHandle.*lockForWriting"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Directory-Services-SAM",
                    "channel": "api_call: Calls to DsAddSidHistory or related RPC operations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "application logs referencing NSTimer, sleep, or launchd delays"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "High-frequency or suspicious sequence of QueryPerformanceCounter/GetTickCount API calls from a non-standard process lineage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Rules capturing clock_gettime, time, gettimeofday syscalls when enabled"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected reload, crashinfo, or boot message not tied to scheduled maintenance"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-RPC",
                    "channel": "rpc_call: srvsvc.NetShareEnum / NetShareEnumAll from non-admin or unusual processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "smb_command: TreeConnectAndX to \\\\*\\IPC$ / srvsvc or Trans2/NT_CREATE for listing shares"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4663, 4670, 4656"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:memory",
                    "channel": "API usage MFCreateDeviceSource, IAMStreamConfig, ICaptureGraphBuilder2, DirectShow filter graph creation from uncommon callers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "openat/read/ioctl: openat/read/ioctl on /dev/video* by uncommon user/process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Access decisions to kTCCServiceCamera for unexpected binaries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:memory",
                    "channel": "Objective\u2011C/Swift calls to AVCaptureDevice/AVCaptureSession by non-whitelisted processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "mmap, ptrace, process_vm_writev or direct memory ops"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "API call to AddMonitor invoked by non-installer process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Win32k",
                    "channel": "SetWindowLong, SetClassLong, NtUserMessageCall, SendNotifyMessage, PostMessage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "unshare, mount, keyctl, setns syscalls executed by containerized processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "audio APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-COM/Operational",
                    "channel": "CLSID activation events where ProcessName=mmc.exe and CLSID not in allowed baseline"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "com.apple.securityd, com.apple.tccd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "send, recv, write: Abnormal interception or alteration of transmitted data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "CALCULATE: Integrity validation of transmitted data via hash checks"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ETW:Token",
                    "channel": "token_analysis: API calls such as DuplicateTokenEx or ImpersonateLoggedOnUser"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "API Calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-DotNETRuntime",
                    "channel": "AssemblyLoad/ModuleLoad (Loader keyword) from Microsoft-Windows-DotNETRuntime"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:memory",
                    "channel": "VirtualAlloc/VirtualProtect/MapViewOfFile indicators via stack/heap activity and ImageLoad"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:MMAP",
                    "channel": "memory region with RWX permissions allocated"
                },
                {
                    "name": "snmp:trap",
                    "channel": "management queries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "Describe* or List* API calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Win32k",
                    "channel": "SendMessage, PostMessage, LVM_*"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "sudo or pkexec invocation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "authorization execute privilege requests"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "NtQueryInformationProcess"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "ptrace: Processes invoking ptrace with PTRACE_TRACEME flag"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Remote access API calls and file uploads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "NtUnmapViewOfSection, VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, SetThreadContext, ResumeThread"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Execution of modified binaries or abnormal library load sequences"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Calls to AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges() observed via Apple System Logger or security_auditing tools"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "access or unlock attempt to keychain database"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Execution of input detection APIs (e.g., CGEventSourceKeyState)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "mount system call with bind or remap flags"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "Decrypt"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-File",
                    "channel": "ZwSetEaFile or ZwQueryEaFile function calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "fork/clone/daemon syscall tracing"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "Detached process execution with no associated parent"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "ptrace, mmap, mprotect, open, dlopen"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ETW:ProcThread",
                    "channel": "api_call: CreateProcessWithTokenW, CreateProcessAsUserW"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:memory",
                    "channel": "MemoryWriteToExecutable"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ETW:Token",
                    "channel": "api_call: DuplicateTokenEx, ImpersonateLoggedOnUser, SetThreadToken"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "api_call: UpdateProcThreadAttribute (PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PARENT_PROCESS) and CreateProcess* with EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT / StartupInfoEx"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Security-Auditing",
                    "channel": "api_call: LogonUser(A|W), LsaLogonUser, SetThreadToken, ImpersonateLoggedOnUser"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "API calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "ptrace, mmap, process_vm_writev"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve of dd or sed targeting /proc/*/mem"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "CreateTransaction, CreateFileTransacted, RollbackTransaction, NtCreateProcessEx, NtCreateThreadEx"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ETW",
                    "channel": "Calls to GetUserDefaultUILanguage, GetSystemDefaultUILanguage, GetKeyboardLayoutList"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "WriteProcessMemory: WriteProcessMemory targeting regions containing KernelCallbackTable addresses"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:file",
                    "channel": "SetFileTime"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--9c2fa0ae-7abc-485a-97f6-699e3b6cf9fa",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0038",
                    "external_id": "DC0038"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Application Log Content",
            "description": "Application Log Content refers to logs generated by applications or services, providing a record of their activity. These logs may include metrics, errors, performance data, and operational alerts from web, mail, or other applications. These logs are vital for monitoring application behavior and detecting malicious activities or anomalies. Examples: \n\n- Web Application Logs: These logs include information about requests, responses, errors, and security events (e.g., unauthorized access attempts).\n- Email Application Logs: Logs contain metadata about emails sent, received, or blocked (e.g., sender/receiver addresses, message IDs).\n- SaaS Application Logs: Activity logs include user logins, configuration changes, and access to sensitive resources.\n- Cloud Application Logs: Logs detail control plane activities, including API calls, instance modifications, and network changes.\n- System/Application Monitoring Logs: Logs provide insights into application performance, errors, and anomalies.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Application Log",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Outlook errors loading or processing custom form templates"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Unusual form activity within Outlook client, including load of non-default forms"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "Conditional Access policy rule modified or MFA requirement disabled"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:EntraIDPortal",
                    "channel": "DeviceRegistration events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:Intune/MDM Logs",
                    "channel": "Enrollment events (e.g., MDMDeviceRegistration)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:purview",
                    "channel": "MailItemsAccessed & Exchange Audit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:purview",
                    "channel": "MailItemsAccessed, Search-Mailbox events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Office Add-in load errors, abnormal loading context, or unsigned add-in warnings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "SendOnBehalf, MessageSend, ClickThrough, MailItemsAccessed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Application:Mail",
                    "channel": "smtpd$.*$: .*from=[.*@internaldomain.com](mailto:.*@internaldomain.com) to=[.*@internaldomain.com](mailto:.*@internaldomain.com)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:slack",
                    "channel": "file_upload, message_send, message_click"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:teams",
                    "channel": "ChatMessageSent, ChatMessageEdited, LinkClick"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:gmail",
                    "channel": "SendEmail, OpenAttachment, ClickLink"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "SendOnBehalf, MessageSend, AttachmentPreviewed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "Changes to applicationhost.config or DLLs loaded by w3wp.exe"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=6416"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "Device started/installed (UMDF) GUIDs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "usb * new|thunderbolt|pci .* added|block.*: new .* device"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Device attached|enumerated VID/PID"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Send/Receive: Emails with suspicious sender domains, spoofed headers, or anomalous attachment types"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Application:Mail",
                    "channel": "Inbound messages with anomalous headers, spoofed SPF/DKIM failures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Inbound email activity with suspicious domains or mismatched sender information"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "FileAccessed: Access of email attachments by Office applications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:collaboration",
                    "channel": "MessagePosted: Suspicious links or attachment delivery via collaboration tools (Slack, Teams, Zoom)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:IIS",
                    "channel": "IIS W3C logs in C:\\inetpub\\logs\\LogFiles\\W3SVC* (spikes in 5xx, RCE/SQLi/path traversal/JNDI patterns)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:WebServer",
                    "channel": "/var/log/httpd/access_log, /var/log/apache2/access.log, /var/log/nginx/access.log with exploit indicators and burst errors"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "App/web server logs ingested via unified logging or filebeat (nginx/apache/node)."
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:Ingress",
                    "channel": "Kubernetes NGINX/Envoy ingress controller logs with anomalous payloads and 5xx spikes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "/var/log/hostd.log anomalies (faults, crashes, restarts) around inbound connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "vmkernel / OpenSLP logs for malformed requests"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:controlplane",
                    "channel": "Syslog from edge devices with HTTP 500s on mgmt portal, SmartInstall events, unexpected CLI commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Outlook rule execution failure or abnormal rule execution context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Creation or modification of inbox rule outside of normal user behavior"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Send/Receive: Inbound emails containing embedded or shortened URLs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Application:Mail",
                    "channel": "Inbound emails containing hyperlinks from suspicious sources"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Received messages with embedded or shortened URLs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "ConsentGrant: Suspicious consent grants to non-approved or unknown applications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "AppRegistration: Unexpected application registration or OAuth authorization"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "MessageSend, MessageRead, or FileAttached events containing credential-like patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "Emails containing cleartext secrets (password=, api_key=, token=) shared across internal/external domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:slack",
                    "channel": "chat.postMessage, files.upload, or discovery API calls involving token/credential regex"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Inbound messages from webmail services containing attachments or URLs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Received messages containing embedded links or attachments from non-enterprise services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1000"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "kernel|systemd messages indicating 'segmentation fault'|'core dumped'|'service terminated unexpectedly' for sshd, smbd, vsftpd, mysqld, httpd, etc."
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Keywords: 'Backtrace','Signal 11','PANIC','hostd restarted','assert' or 'Service terminated unexpectedly' in /var/log/hostd.log, /var/log/vmkernel.log, /var/log/syslog.log."
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process 'crashed'|'EXC_BAD_ACCESS' for sshd, screensharingd, httpd; launchd restarts of these daemons."
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "unexpected script/command invocations via hostd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "System daemons initiating encrypted sessions with unexpected destinations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxd",
                    "channel": "Symmetric crypto routines triggered for external session"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "SendEmail"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "InvokeModel"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:openai",
                    "channel": "High volume of requests to /v1/chat/completions or /v1/images/generations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Set-Mailbox, Add-InboxRule, RegisterWebhook"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:application",
                    "channel": "High-frequency invocation of SMS-related API endpoints from publicly accessible OTP or verification forms (e.g., Twilio: SendMessage, Cognito: AdminCreateUser) with irregular destination patterns."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "PushNotificationSent"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "MFAChallengeIssued"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Exchange Transport Service loads unusual .NET assembly or errors upon transport agent execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "milter configuration updated, transport rule initialized, unexpected script execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Unexpected spikes in request volume, application-level errors, or thread pool exhaustion in web or API logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Repetitive HTTP 408, 500, or 503 errors logged within short timeframe"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "opendirectoryd crashes or abnormal authentication errors"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "ConsentGranted: Abuse of application integrations to mint tokens bypassing MFA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Browser or plugin/application logs showing script errors, plugin enumerations, or unusual extension load events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Application or browser logs (webview errors, plugin enumerations) indicating suspicious script evaluation or plugin loads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Logs from unifiedlogging that show browser crashes, plugin enumerations, extension installs or errors around the same time as suspicious network fetches"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Application Consent grants, new OAuth client registrations, or unusual admin-level activities executed by a user account shortly after suspected drive-by compromise"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Outlook logs indicating failure to load or render HTML page in Home Page view"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Folder configuration updated with external or HTML-formatted Home Page via Set-MailboxFolder"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1102"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:cli",
                    "channel": "cleared or truncated .bash_history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream cleared or truncated"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "PurgeAuditLogs, Remove-MailboxAuditLog"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=104"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1000"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:detection",
                    "channel": "ThreatDetected, QuarantineLog"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "quarantine or AV-related subsystem"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:detection",
                    "channel": "ThreatLog"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Modify Conditional Access Policy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Set-CsOnlineUser or UpdateAuthPolicy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "New-InboxRule or Set-InboxRule events recorded in Exchange Online"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:MailServer",
                    "channel": "Unexpected additions of sieve rules or filtering directives"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Transport rule or inbox rule creation events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:Outlook",
                    "channel": "Outlook client-level rule creation actions not consistent with normal user activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:orchestrator",
                    "channel": "Access to orchestrator logs containing credentials (Docker/Kubernetes logs)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Service crash, unhandled exception, or application hang warnings for critical services (e.g., IIS, DNS, SQL Server)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "journald:systemd",
                    "channel": "Repeated service restart attempts or unit failures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Repeated process crashes logged by CrashReporter or system instability logs in com.apple.console"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:events",
                    "channel": "Container exited with non-zero code repeatedly in short period"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "SCCM, Intune logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:jamf",
                    "channel": "RemoteCommandExecution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "config push events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "processes binding to non-standard ports or sshd configured on unexpected port"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "GAL Lookup or Address Book download"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Guest Operations API invocation: StartProgramInGuest, ListProcessesInGuest, ListFileInGuest, InitiateFileTransferFromGuest"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Send/Receive: Inbound emails with attachments from suspicious or spoofed senders"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Application:Mail",
                    "channel": "Inbound email attachments logged from MTAs with suspicious metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Inbound messages with attachments from suspicious domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Unexpected web application errors or CMS logs showing modification to index.html, default.aspx, or other public-facing files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "certificate added or modified in application credentials"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:Snowflake",
                    "channel": "QUERY: Large or repeated SELECT * queries to sensitive tables"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:Airtable",
                    "channel": "EXPORT: User-triggered data export via GUI or API"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:CallRecords",
                    "channel": "Outbound or inbound calls to high-risk or blocklisted numbers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "SIP REGISTER, INVITE, or unusual call destination metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Outgoing or incoming calls with non-standard caller IDs or unusual metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Unusual MFA requests or OAuth consent events temporally aligned with user-reported vishing call"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:daemon",
                    "channel": "container_create,container_start"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:github",
                    "channel": "Bulk access to multiple files or large volume of repo requests within short time window"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "Transport Rule Modification"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "Admin Audit Logs, Transport Rules"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:application",
                    "channel": "High-volume API calls or traffic via messaging or webhook service"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Set federation settings on domain|Set domain authentication|Add federated identity provider"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "system daemons initiating TLS sessions outside expected services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "SendOnBehalf/SendAs: Emails sent where the sending identity mismatches account ownership"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Application:Mail",
                    "channel": "Mismatch between authenticated username and From header in email"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Mail.app or third-party clients sending messages with mismatched From headers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:workspaceaudit",
                    "channel": "SendAs: Outbound messages with alias identities that differ from primary account"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Set-MailboxAutoReplyConfiguration: Unexpected rule changes creating impersonated replies"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "SendOnBehalf/SendAs: Office Suite initiated messages using impersonated identities"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "browser/office crash, segfault, abnormal termination"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process crash, abort, code signing violations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "WebUI access to administrator dashboard"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Read-only configuration review from GUI"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:box",
                    "channel": "User navigated to admin interface"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Register PTA Agent or Modify AD FS trust"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Modify Federation Settings or Update Authentication Policy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "Federation configuration update or signing certificate change"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Configuration profile modified or new profile installed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "journald:Application",
                    "channel": "Segfault or crash log entry associated with specific application binary"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Crash log entries for a process receiving malformed input or known exploit patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudWatch",
                    "channel": "Repeated crash pattern within container or instance logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "unexpected script invocations producing long encoded strings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:runtime",
                    "channel": "execution of cloud CLI tool (e.g., aws, az) inside container"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "VPN, Citrix, or remote access gateway logs showing external IP addresses"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Failed password or accepted password for SSH users"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLog:API",
                    "channel": "Docker/Kubernetes API access from external sources"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Send/Receive: Unusual spikes in inbound messages to a single recipient"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Application:Mail",
                    "channel": "High-frequency inbound mail activity to a specific recipient address"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "MailDelivery: High-frequency delivery of messages or attachments to a single recipient"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Repetitive inbound email delivery activity logged within a short time window"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:confluence",
                    "channel": "access.content"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "PowerShell: Add-MailboxPermission"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "InvokeFunction: Unexpected or repeated invocation of functions not tied to known workflows"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "New-InboxRule: Automation that triggers abnormal forwarding or external link generation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:googledrive",
                    "channel": "FileOpen / FileAccess: Event-driven script triggering on user file actions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Failed authentication requests redirected to non-standard portals"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "System API Call: user.read, group.read"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Host daemon command log entries related to vib enumeration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Add-MailboxPermission or Set-ManagementRoleAssignment"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Outlook rule creation, form load, or homepage redirection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:mailboxaudit",
                    "channel": "Outlook rule creation or custom form deployment"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:zoom",
                    "channel": "unusual web session tokens and automation patterns during login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "High-frequency errors or hangs from resource-intensive application components (e.g., .NET, IIS, Office Suite)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Error/warning logs from services indicating load spike or worker exhaustion"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Application errors or resource contention from excessive frontend or script invocation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudWatch",
                    "channel": "Elevated 5xx response rates in application logs or gateway layer"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:messagetrace",
                    "channel": "AuthenticationDetails=fail OR SPF=fail OR DKIM=fail OR DMARC=fail"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "SPF fail OR DKIM fail OR DMARC fail OR mismatched from_domain vs return_path_domain"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "SPF fail OR DKIM fail OR DMARC fail OR mismatched header vs envelope domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:email",
                    "channel": "AuthenticationFailures (SPF/DKIM/DMARC) OR Domain Mismatch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1341, 1342, 1020, 1063"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "suspicious DHCP lease assignment with unexpected DNS or gateway"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "new DHCP configuration with anomalous DNS or router values"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Exchange logs or header artifacts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Mail or AppleScript subsystem"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "MessageTrace logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "opened document|clicked link|segfault|abnormal termination|sandbox"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "opened document|clicked link|EXC_BAD_ACCESS|abort|LSQuarantine"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4663, 4670, 4656"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Set-PartnerOfRecord / CompanyAdministrator role assignments / New-DelegatedAdminRelationship"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "CreateUser|AttachRolePolicy|CreateAccessKey|UpdateAssumeRolePolicy|CreateLoginProfile"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:activity",
                    "channel": "Add role assignment / ElevateAccess / Create service principal"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:googleworkspace",
                    "channel": "OAuth2 authorization grants / Admin role assignments"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Add-DelegatedAdmin, Set-PartnerOfRecord, Add-MailboxPermission, Set-OrganizationRelationship"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Authentication attempts into finance-related servers from unusual IPs or times"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Anomalous keychain access attempts targeting payment credentials"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:finance",
                    "channel": "Transaction/Transfer: Unusual or large transactions initiated outside business hours or by unusual accounts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:audit",
                    "channel": "Rule/ConfigChange: Auto-forward rules, delegate assignments, or changes to financial approval workflows"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "MailSend: Outlook messages with suspicious subject/body terms (e.g., urgent payment, wire transfer) targeting finance teams"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "FileAccessed, FileDownloaded, SearchQueried"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Detection of hidden macro streams or SetHiddenAttribute actions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "RunMacro"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:audit",
                    "channel": "App registrations or consent grants by abnormal users or at unusual times"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Resource access initiated using application credentials, not user accounts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:slack",
                    "channel": "OAuth token use by unknown app client_id accessing private channels or files"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:esxupdate",
                    "channel": "/var/log/esxupdate.log contains VIB installed with `--force` or `--no-sig-check` and non-standard acceptance levels"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sshd sessions with unusual port forwarding parameters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:audit",
                    "channel": "Application added or consent granted: Integration persisting after original user disabled"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Non-standard processes negotiating SSL/TLS key exchanges"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxd",
                    "channel": "ESXi process initiating asymmetric handshake with external host"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Unusual DLL/plugin registration for IIS/SQL/Apache or unexpected error logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Module registration or stacktrace logs indicating segmentation faults or unknown module errors"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "New extension/module install with unknown vendor ID"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "FileUploaded or FileCopied events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:salesforce",
                    "channel": "DataExport, RestAPI, Login, ReportExport"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:hubspot",
                    "channel": "contact_viewed, contact_exported, login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:slack",
                    "channel": "conversations.history, files.list, users.info, audit_logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "TeamsMessageAccess, TeamsExport, ExternalAppAccess"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "TeamsMessagesAccessedViaEDiscovery, TeamsGraphMessageExport"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "FileAccessed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:messagetrace",
                    "channel": "X-MS-Exchange-Organization-AutoForwarded"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Segfaults, kernel oops, or crashes in security software processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Abnormal terminations of com.apple.security.* or 3rd-party security daemons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "StopLogging, DeleteTrail, UpdateTrail: API calls that disable or modify logging services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "ApplicationModified, ConsentGranted: Unexpected app consent or modification events linked to security evasion"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--9ce98c86-8d30-4043-ba54-0784d478d0b5",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0067",
                    "external_id": "DC0067"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Logon Session Creation",
            "description": "The successful establishment of a new user session following a successful authentication attempt. This typically signifies that a user has provided valid credentials or authentication tokens, and the system has initiated a session associated with that user account. This data is crucial for tracking authentication events and identifying potential unauthorized access. Examples: \n\n- Windows Systems\n    - Event ID: 4624\n        - Logon Type: 2 (Interactive) or 10 (Remote Interactive via RDP).\n        - Account Name: JohnDoe\n        - Source Network Address: 192.168.1.100\n        - Authentication Package: NTLM\n- Linux Systems\n    - /var/log/utmp or /var/log/wtmp:\n        - Log format: login user [tty] from [source_ip]\n        - User: jane\n        - IP: 10.0.0.5\n        - Timestamp: 2024-12-28 08:30:00\n- macOS Systems\n    - /var/log/asl.log or unified logging framework:\n        - Log: com.apple.securityd: Authentication succeeded for user 'admin'\n- Cloud Environments\n    - Azure Sign-In Logs:\n        - Activity: Sign-in successful\n        - Client App: Browser\n        - Location: Unknown (Country: X)\n- Google Workspace\n    - Activity: Login\n        - Event Type: successful_login\n        - Source IP: 203.0.113.55",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Logon Session",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "UserLoggedIn"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "ConsoleLogin, AssumeRole, ListResources"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signin",
                    "channel": "UserLoginSuccess, TokenIssued"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Okta:SystemLog",
                    "channel": "user.authentication.sso, app.oauth.grant"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "SignInSuccess, RoleAssignmentRead"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "UserLoggedIn"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "LoginAudit, DriveAudit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:auth",
                    "channel": "LoginSuccess, APIKeyUse, AdminAction"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Abnormal sign-in from scripting tools (PowerShell, AADInternals)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Suspicious login to cloud mailbox system"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Failed MFA attempts, unusual conditional access triggers, login attempts from unexpected IP ranges"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "ConsoleLogin"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4624, 4648"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Mismatch between recorded user logon and active sessions (e.g., wtmp/utmp entries without corresponding authentication in auth.log)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Authentication inconsistencies where commands are executed without corresponding login events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "CloudTrail:Signin",
                    "channel": "SAML login without corresponding IdP authentication log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:sharepoint",
                    "channel": "File access with forged or anomalous SAML claims"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "Web console logins using session cookies without corresponding MFA event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:access",
                    "channel": "Multiple concurrent logins using same cookie from different locations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "ConsoleLogin: If IdP backed by cloud provider, Console login from new IP/agent after correlated endpoint compromise"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "authentication"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "SendSSHPublicKey, StartSession (SSM), EC2InstanceConnect"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signin",
                    "channel": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/serialConsole/connect/action"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "cloud.ssh.publicKey.inserted, compute.instances.osLogin"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Missing new login event but session activity continues"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Session reuse without new auth event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "Temporary security credentials used to authenticate into management console or APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Access to Keychain items or browser credential stores"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Token usage events with device/user mismatch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:github",
                    "channel": "Login from unusual IP, device fingerprint, or location; access token creation from new client"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sshd: Accepted password/publickey"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "eventMessage CONTAINS 'screensharingd' or 'AuthorizationRefCreate'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "AWS ConsoleLogin, StartSession"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "vim.fault.*, DCUI login, SSH shell"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "GetConsoleOutput"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "user.session.start"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "ViewAdminReport"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:zoom",
                    "channel": "Zoom Admin Dashboard accessed from unfamiliar IP/device"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "Anomalous logon without MFA enforcement"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:Firewall",
                    "channel": "Login from untrusted IP, or new admin account accessing firewall console/API"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "authentication success after file access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Keychain or user login post-access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "sudden role assumption after credential file access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Accepted publickey for user from unusual IP or without tty"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:confluence",
                    "channel": "logon"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "auth.log / secure.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:auth",
                    "channel": "Shell login or escalation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:auth",
                    "channel": "User login event followed by unexpected process tree"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "InteractiveUserLogin: Discovery behavior linked to privileged logins from atypical IP ranges"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "UserLogin: Discovery operations shortly after account logins from new geolocations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:auth",
                    "channel": "Login, TokenGranted: Discovery actions tied to anomalous login sessions or tokens"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "simultaneous or anomalous logon sessions across multiple systems"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "authentication plugin load or modification events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:ad",
                    "channel": "SignInEvents"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Accepted publickey/password for * from * port * ssh2"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "loginwindow or sshd successful login events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "InteractiveUser, ServicePrincipalSignIn"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "AssumeRole,AssumeRoleWithSAML,AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "InteractiveUser, NonInteractiveUser"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "UserLogin, ConditionalAccessPolicyEvaluated"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "session.token.reuse"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "capset or setns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "admin.googleapis.com"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "UserLoggedIn"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4624"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--9d56be63-3501-4dd3-bb5f-63c580833298",
            "created": "2022-05-11T16:22:58.802Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0108",
                    "external_id": "DC0108"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Device Alarm",
            "description": "This includes alarms associated with unexpected device functions, such as shutdowns, restarts, failures, or configuration changes",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Operational Databases",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--9f387817-df83-432a-b56b-a8fb7f71eedd",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0029",
                    "external_id": "DC0029"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Script Execution",
            "description": "The execution of a text file that contains code via the interpreter.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Script",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:office",
                    "channel": "VBA auto_open, auto_close, or document_open events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --predicate 'eventMessage contains \"python\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "/var/log/syslog"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=1502, 1503"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream --predicate 'eventMessage contains \"wscript\" OR \"vbs\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "osascript or AppleScript invocation modifying UI"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:runtime",
                    "channel": "runtime"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "boot"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "AppleScript creating login item via 'System Events' dictionary"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4103, 4104, 4105, 4106"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "Stored procedure creation, modification, or xp_cmdshell invocation via SQL logs or SQL Server auditing"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ApplicationLogs:SQL",
                    "channel": "Stored procedure creation or modification with shell invocation (e.g., system(), exec())"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem=launchservices"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "Set-ADUser or Set-ADAuthenticationPolicy with MFA attributes disabled"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:scriptblock",
                    "channel": "Process Tree + Script Block Logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "boot logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:defender",
                    "channel": "ScriptBlockLogging + AMSI"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream with predicate 'eventMessage CONTAINS \"osascript\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Antimalware-Scan-Interface",
                    "channel": "Amsi/Script content + API verdicts during in-memory staging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:System",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4016, 5312"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:PROCTITLE",
                    "channel": "scripting loop invoking sleep/ping"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "Scripts with references to XML parsing, AES decryption, or gpprefdecrypt logic"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:syslog",
                    "channel": "system.log, asl.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "exec: Unexpected execution of osascript or AppleScript targeting sensitive apps"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem=com.apple.Security or com.apple.applescript"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:activity",
                    "channel": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/runCommand/action: Abnormal initiation of Azure RunCommand jobs or PowerShell/Bash payloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:AMSI",
                    "channel": "Malicious inline C#/script blobs embedded in MSBuild projects if intercepted by AMSI-aware loaders (rare but possible via chained LOLBins)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "osascript, AppleScript, or Python execution triggered immediately after HID connection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Scripted Activity"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--a7f22107-02e5-4982-9067-6625d4a1765a",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0078",
                    "external_id": "DC0078"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Network Traffic Flow",
            "description": "Summarized network packet data that captures session-level details such as source/destination IPs, ports, protocol types, timestamps, and data volume, without storing full packet payloads. This is commonly used for traffic analysis, anomaly detection, and network performance monitoring.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Network Traffic",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "socket_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unexpected flows between segmented networks or prohibited ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "snmp:config",
                    "channel": "Configuration change traps or policy enforcement failures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "First-time outbound connections to package registries or unknown hosts immediately after restore/build"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "First-time egress to new registries/CDNs post-install/build"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "First-time egress to non-approved registries after dependency install"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound connections to TCP 139,445 and HTTP/HTTPS to WebDAV endpoints from workstation subnets"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "large outbound data flows or long-duration connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "egress > 90th percentile or frequent connection reuse"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "socket/connect"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "esxcli network vswitch or DNS resolver configuration updates"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vobd",
                    "channel": "Network Events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "iptables:LOG",
                    "channel": "TCP connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "connection metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "wineventlog:dhcp",
                    "channel": "DHCP Lease Granted"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "LEASE_GRANTED"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "MAC not in allow-list acquiring IP (DHCP)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Windows Firewall Log",
                    "channel": "SMB over high port"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Internal connection logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "pf firewall logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "/var/log/vmkernel.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Inter-segment traffic"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Long-lived or hijacked SSH sessions maintained with no active user activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "VPC/NSG flow logs for pod/instance egress to Internet or metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Suspicious outbound traffic from browser binary to non-standard domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Abnormal browser traffic volume or destination"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound requests to domains not previously resolved or associated with phishing campaigns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound traffic to domains/IPs not previously resolved, occurring shortly after attachment download or link click"
                },
                {
                    "name": "M365Defender:DeviceNetworkEvents",
                    "channel": "NetworkConnection: bytes_sent >> bytes_received anomaly"
                },
                {
                    "name": "PF:Logs",
                    "channel": "outbound flows with bytes_out >> bytes_in"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSX:FlowLogs",
                    "channel": "network_flow: bytes_out >> bytes_in to external"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "NetFlow/Zeek conn.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Outbound data flows"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Flow records with entropy signatures resembling symmetric encryption"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "flow records"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "flow records"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "HTTPS POST to known webhook URLs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:api",
                    "channel": "Webhook registrations or repeated POST activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Source/destination IP translation inconsistent with intended policy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "SNMP:DeviceLogs",
                    "channel": "Unexpected NAT translation statistics or rule insertion events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Sudden spike in incoming flows to web service ports from single/multiple IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Unusual volume of inbound packets from single source across short time interval"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "port 5900 inbound"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "TCP port 5900 open"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:firewall",
                    "channel": "inbound connection to port 5900"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "Outbound connections to 139/445 to multiple destinations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "VPCFlowLogs:All",
                    "channel": "High volume internal traffic with low entropy indicating looped or malicious DoS script"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "NetFlow/sFlow/PCAP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound Network Flow"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "com.apple.network"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Device-to-Device Deployment Flows"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "socket/connect syscalls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "outbound TCP/UDP traffic over unexpected port"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxd",
                    "channel": "ESXi service connections on unexpected ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "iptables:LOG",
                    "channel": "OUTBOUND"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "tcp/udp"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "CLI network calls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound traffic from suspicious new processes post-attachment execution"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Suspicious anomalies in transmitted data integrity during application network operations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "DNS resolution events leading to outbound traffic on unexpected ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound traffic to mining pools or proxies"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Outbound flow logs to known mining pools"
                },
                {
                    "name": "container:cni",
                    "channel": "Outbound network traffic to mining proxies"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxd",
                    "channel": "TLS session established by ESXi service to unapproved endpoint"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Session records with TLS-like byte patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "HTTPS POST requests to pastebin.com or similar"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NetFlow:Flow",
                    "channel": "new outbound connections from exploited process tree"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "new connections from exploited lineage"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Unexpected route changes or duplicate gateway advertisements"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Windows Firewall With Advanced Security/Firewall",
                    "channel": "EventCode=2004, 2005, 2006"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Knock pattern: repeated REJ/S0 across \u2265MinSequenceLen ports from same src_ip then SF success."
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Firewall/PF anchor load or rule change events."
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Config/ACL changes, line vty transport input changes, telnet/ssh/http(s) enable, image/feature module changes."
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "First-time egress to non-approved update hosts right after install/update"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "New outbound flows to non-approved vendor hosts post install"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "New/rare egress to non-approved update hosts after install"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "large outbound HTTPS uploads to repo domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "HTTPS traffic to repository domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "alert log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound flow records"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:defender",
                    "channel": "NetworkConnection: high out:in ratio, periodic beacons, protocol mismatch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "PF:Logs",
                    "channel": "high out:in ratio or fixed-size periodic flows"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "network_flow: bytes_out >> bytes_in, fixed packet sizes/intervals to non-approved CIDRs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "connect or sendto system call with burst pattern"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "sudden burst in outgoing packets from same PID"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "source instance sends large volume of traffic in short window"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "session stats with bytes_out > bytes_in"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NIDS:Flow",
                    "channel": "session stats with bytes_out > bytes_in"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxa",
                    "channel": "connection attempts and data transmission logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "PF:Logs",
                    "channel": "External traffic to remote access services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "High volumes of SYN/ACK packets with unacknowledged TCP handshakes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "dns:query",
                    "channel": "Outbound resolution to hidden service domains (e.g., `.onion`)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log + ssl.log with Tor fingerprinting"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "forwarded encrypted traffic"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Relayed session pathing (multi-hop)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound TCP SYN or UDP to multiple ports/hosts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "containerd:runtime",
                    "channel": "container-level outbound traffic events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WLANLogs:Association",
                    "channel": "Multiple APs advertising the same SSID but with different BSSID/MAC or encryption type"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "socket_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "ARP cache modification attempts observed through event tracing or security baselines"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Gratuitous ARP replies with mismatched IP-MAC binding"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "ARP table updates inconsistent with expected gateway or DHCP lease assignments"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "networkd or com.apple.network"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log stream 'eventMessage contains \"dns_request\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "/var/log/syslog.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "CreateTrafficMirrorSession or ModifyTrafficMirrorTarget"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Config change: CLI/NETCONF/SNMP \u2013 'monitor session', 'mirror port'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound UDP floods targeting common reflection services with spoofed IP headers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Outbound UDP spikes to external reflector IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:VPCFlowLogs",
                    "channel": "Large outbound UDP traffic to multiple public reflector IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "High entropy domain queries with multiple NXDOMAINs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "Frequent DNS queries with high entropy names or NXDOMAIN results"
                },
                {
                    "name": "vpxd.log",
                    "channel": "API communication"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Outbound Connection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Connection Tracking"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Firewall",
                    "channel": "pf firewall logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Flow Creation (NetFlow/sFlow)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log, icmp.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Abnormal SMB authentication attempts correlated with poisoned LLMNR/NBT-NS sessions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Gratuitous or duplicate DHCP OFFER packets from non-legitimate servers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Inbound on ports 5985/5986"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Multiple IP addresses assigned to the same domain in rapid sequence"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Rapid domain-to-IP resolution changes for same domain"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:syslog",
                    "channel": "Frequent DNS resolution of same domain with rotating IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "uncommon ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "alternate ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxd",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "conn.log or flow data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "egress log analysis"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "egress logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "High volume flows with incomplete TCP sessions or single-packet bursts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Knock pattern: multiple REJ/S0 to distinct closed ports then successful connection to service_port"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Firewall rule enable/disable or listen socket changes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Config/ACL/line vty changes, service enable (telnet/ssh/http(s)), module reloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "ioctl: Changes to wireless network interfaces (up, down, reassociate)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "query: Historical list of associated SSIDs compared against baseline"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "First-time egress from host after new install to unknown update endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "First-time egress to unknown registries/mirrors immediately after install"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "New egress from app just installed to unknown update endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxd",
                    "channel": "ESXi processes relaying traffic via SSH or unexpected ports"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound connection to mining pool port (3333, 4444, 5555)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound traffic to mining pool upon container launch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Flow records with RSA key exchange on unexpected port"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Outbound connections from web server binaries (apache2, nginx, php-fpm) to unknown external IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "sustained outbound HTTPS sessions with high data volume"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "Connections from IDE hosts to marketplace/tunnel domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Outbound connections from IDE processes to marketplace/tunnel domains"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "large HTTPS outbound uploads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "network flows to external cloud services"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "TCP port 22 traffic"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "port 22 access"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--a953ca55-921a-44f7-9b8d-3d40141aa17e",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0002",
                    "external_id": "DC0002"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "User Account Authentication",
            "description": "An attempt (successful and failed login attempts) by a user, service, or application to gain access to a network, system, or cloud-based resource. This typically involves credentials such as passwords, tokens, multi-factor authentication (MFA), or biometric validation.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "User Account",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "TGS-REQ and AS-REQ seen for new user shortly after domain-modifying process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4625"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "session.impersonation.start"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Okta:SystemLog",
                    "channel": "eventType: user.authentication.sso, app.oauth2.token.grant"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Success logs from high-risk accounts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "config access, authentication logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ESXiLogs:authlog",
                    "channel": "Unexpected login followed by encoding commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "Unusual OAuth app requesting message-read scopes for Slack/Teams/Jira"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Accepted password or publickey for user from remote IP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "successful sudo or authentication for account not normally associated with admin actions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxa",
                    "channel": "user login from unexpected IP or non-admin user role"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Sign-in from anomalous location or impossible travel condition"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "User privilege escalation to level 15/root prior to destructive commands"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "authorization/accounting logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4769, 1200, 1202"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sudo/date/timedatectl execution by non-standard users"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:audit",
                    "channel": "Repeated requests to SMS-generating endpoints using anomalous or new user agents, IP ranges, or geographies."
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Multiple MFA challenge requests without successful primary login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "AssumeRole or ConsoleLogin with repeated MFA failures followed by repeated MFA requests"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:AUTH",
                    "channel": "pam_unix or pam_google_authenticator invoked repeatedly within short interval"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4768, 4769, 4770"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Repeated failed authentication attempts or replay patterns"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "TokenIssued, TokenRenewed: Unexpected or anomalous token issuance events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "SignIn: Sign-ins flagged as atypical (new geographic region, unfamiliar device id) shortly after correlated endpoint/browser compromise times"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "sts:GetFederationToken"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Delegated permission grants without user login event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:salesforce",
                    "channel": "API login using access_token without login history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Operation=UserLogin"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:auth",
                    "channel": "interactive shell or SSH access preceding storage enumeration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "Successful login without expected MFA challenge"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Login success without MFA step"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:apiserver",
                    "channel": "get/list requests to /api/v1/secrets or /api/v1/namespaces/*/serviceaccounts"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "pam_authenticate, sshd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains \"Authentication\"'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vpxd",
                    "channel": "/var/log/vmware/vpxd.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Unusual Token Usage or Application Consent"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Failed and successful logins to network devices outside approved admin IP ranges"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "OperationName=SetDomainAuthentication OR Set-FederatedDomain"
                },
                {
                    "name": "network:auth",
                    "channel": "repeated successful authentications with previously unknown accounts or anomalous password acceptance"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Sign-in with unfamiliar location/device + portal navigation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "UserLoginSuccess"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:salesforce",
                    "channel": "Login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Privileged login followed by destructive format command"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "admin login events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Privileged login followed by destructive command sequence"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Login from newly created account"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execution of ssh, scp, or sftp using previously unseen credentials or keys"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "login using refresh_token with no preceding authentication context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:googleworkspace",
                    "channel": "API access without user login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4769"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4776, 4625"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Interactive/Non-Interactive Sign-In"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "AWS IAM: ListUsers, ListRoles"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:workspaceaudit",
                    "channel": "Token Generation via Domain Delegation"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Unusual sign-in from service principal to user mailbox"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "User credential prompt events without associated trusted installer package"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:auth",
                    "channel": "sshd login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:googleworkspace",
                    "channel": "Accessed third-party credential management service"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Reset password or download key from portal"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "SSH failed login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Login failure / authorization denied"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "status = failure"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Okta:authn",
                    "channel": "authentication_failure"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas-app:auth",
                    "channel": "login_failure"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "AAA, RADIUS, or TACACS authentication"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:apiserver",
                    "channel": "authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "Logon failure"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "eventName=ConsoleLogin | eventType=AwsConsoleSignIn"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:USER_LOGIN",
                    "channel": "USER_AUTH"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Sign-in logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "auth"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Sign-in logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "ConsoleLogin or AssumeRole"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:auth",
                    "channel": "/var/log/auth.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "authentication logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "SigninSuccess"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4625, 4771, 4648"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Failed password for invalid user"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Login Window and Authd errors"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Failure Reason + UserPrincipalName"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "authentication_failure"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "AAA or TACACS authentication failures"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "Failed login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "FailedLogin"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:auth",
                    "channel": "signin_failed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:googleworkspace",
                    "channel": "login with reused session token and mismatched user agent or IP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:googleworkspace",
                    "channel": "Access via OAuth credentials with unusual scopes or from anomalous IPs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "authentication & authorization"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Sign-in activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "ConsoleLogin, AssumeRole, ListAccessKeys, CreateUser"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "drive.activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "login.event"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sshd[pid]: Failed password"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "authd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "login failed"
                },
                {
                    "name": "GCPAuditLogs:login.googleapis.com",
                    "channel": "Failed sign-in events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:auth",
                    "channel": "SSH session/login"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Connections",
                    "channel": "sshd or PAM logins"
                },
                {
                    "name": "saas:okta",
                    "channel": "Sign-in logs / audit events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "gcp:audit",
                    "channel": "Sign-in logs / audit events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "azure:signinlogs",
                    "channel": "Sign-in logs / audit events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:audit",
                    "channel": "authentication.k8s.io"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4648"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "authentication and authorization events during environmental validation phase"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--b05a614b-033c-4578-b4f2-c63a9feee706",
            "created": "2022-09-23T16:34:00.912Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0110",
                    "external_id": "DC0110"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Asset Inventory",
            "description": "This includes sources of current and expected devices on the network, including the manufacturer, model, and necessary identifiers (e.g., IP and hardware addresses)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Asset",
                    "channel": "None"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--b9d031bb-d150-4fc6-8025-688201bf3ffd",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0004",
                    "external_id": "DC0004"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:14:38.020Z",
            "name": "Firmware Modification",
            "description": "Changes made to firmware, which may include its settings, configurations, or underlying data. This can encompass alterations to the Master Boot Record (MBR), Volume Boot Record (VBR), or other firmware components critical to system boot and functionality. Such modifications are often indicators of adversary activity, including malware persistence and system compromise. Examples: \n\n- Changes to Master Boot Record (MBR): Modifying the MBR to load malicious code during the boot process.\n- Changes to Volume Boot Record (VBR): Altering the VBR to redirect boot processes to malicious locations.\n- Firmware Configuration Changes: Modifying BIOS/UEFI settings such as disabling Secure Boot.\n- Firmware Image Tampering: Updating firmware with a malicious or unauthorized image.\n- Logs or Errors Indicating Firmware Changes: Logs showing unauthorized firmware updates or checksum mismatches.\n\nThis data component can be collected through the following measures:\n\n- BIOS/UEFI Logs: Enable and monitor BIOS/UEFI logs to capture settings changes or firmware updates.\n- Firmware Integrity Monitoring: Use tools or firmware security features to detect changes to firmware components.\n- Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) Solutions: Many EDR platforms can detect abnormal firmware activity, such as changes to MBR/VBR or unauthorized firmware updates.\n- File System Monitoring: Monitor changes to MBR/VBR-related files using tools like Sysmon or auditd.\n    - Windows Example (Sysmon): Monitor Event ID 7 (Raw disk access).\n    - Linux Example (auditd): `auditctl -w /dev/sda -p wa -k firmware_modification`\n- Network Traffic Analysis: Capture firmware updates downloaded over the network, particularly from untrusted sources. Use network monitoring tools like Zeek or Wireshark to analyze firmware-related traffic.\n- Secure Boot Logs: Collect and analyze Secure Boot logs for signs of tampering or unauthorized configurations. Example: Use PowerShell to retrieve Secure Boot settings on Windows: `Confirm-SecureBootUEFI`\n- Vendor-Specific Firmware Tools: Many hardware vendors provide tools for firmware integrity checks.Examples:\n    - Intel Platform Firmware Resilience (PFR).\n    - Lenovo UEFI diagnostics.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Firmware",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Image Upgrade / Configuration Change"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Boot image path or firmware configuration variable modified outside of maintenance windows"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Boot",
                    "channel": "Firmware integrity validation failed or boot configuration tampered"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "write access to /dev/mem or /sys/firmware/efi/efivars"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "boot failure events or SMC validation errors"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:firmware",
                    "channel": "Firmware update initiated or bootloader tampering detected"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Log entries indicating ROMMON image upgrade commands (boot system, upgrade rom-monitor)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:config",
                    "channel": "Boot variable modified to point to non-standard or unsigned image"
                },
                {
                    "name": "firmware:integrity ",
                    "channel": "Firmware integrity verification failures or mismatches against expected UEFI/firmware image baselines"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "ioctl/write: Direct firmware update or device memory manipulation syscalls"
                },
                {
                    "name": "firmware:smart",
                    "channel": "Unexpected firmware-level errors or abnormal S.M.A.R.T. log entries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Firmware update events or kernel extension (kext) loads not signed by Apple"
                },
                {
                    "name": "firmware:integrity",
                    "channel": "Baseline mismatch or unexpected EFI module detected during integrity checks"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Unexpected changes in EFI or NVRAM variables controlling hardware boot state"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Custom firmware or routing changes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Storage",
                    "channel": "Raw disk I/O operations bypassing NTFS APIs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "firmware:runtime",
                    "channel": "Debug or memory access commands indicating attempts to alter OS instructions in memory"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Boot information log showing image loaded from TFTP server instead of local storage"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--c0a4a086-cc20-4e1e-b7cb-29d99dfa3fb1",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0016",
                    "external_id": "DC0016"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Module Load",
            "description": "When a process or program dynamically attaches a shared library, module, or plugin into its memory space. This action is typically performed to extend the functionality of an application, access shared system resources, or interact with kernel-mode components.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Module",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=7"
                },
                {
                    "name": "ETW:LoadImage",
                    "channel": "provider: ETW LoadImage events for images from user-writable/UNC paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "openat/read/mmap: Open/mmap .so files from non-standard paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "select: Open files path LIKE '/tmp/%.so' OR '/dev/shm/%.so'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "dyld/unified log entries indicating image load from non-system paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "select: path LIKE '%/Library/%/*.dylib' OR '/tmp/*.dylib'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "dynamic loading of sleep-related functions or sandbox detection libraries"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "LD_PRELOAD Logging"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Dynamic Linking State"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "DYLD event subsystem"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Process linked with libcrypto.so making external connections"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process execution events with dylib load activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=7"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Application",
                    "channel": "CLR Assembly creation, loading, or modification logs via MSSQL CLR integration"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process memory maps new dylib (dylib_load event)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Dylib loaded from abnormal location"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=3033"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=3063"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:MMAP",
                    "channel": "load: Loading of libzip.so, libz.so, or libbz2.so by processes not normally associated with archiving"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Loading of libz.dylib, libarchive.dylib by non-standard applications"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "suspicious dlopen/dlsym usage in non-development processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "Non-standard Office startup component detected (e.g., unexpected DLL path)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "mmap"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "unexpected module load"
                },
                {
                    "name": "snmp:status",
                    "channel": "Status change in cryptographic hardware modules (enabled -> disabled)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "module load"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "delay/sleep library usage in user context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "kmod"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem=com.apple.kextd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "loading of unexpected dylibs compared to historical baselines"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:file-events",
                    "channel": "open of suspicious .so from non-standard paths"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:syslog",
                    "channel": "DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES anomalies"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "dmesg"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_KEXTLOAD"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "module load or memory map path"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "launch and dylib load"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Processes linked with libssl/libcrypto performing network activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-ImageLoad",
                    "channel": "provider: Unsigned/user-writable image loads into msbuild.exe"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--da85d358-741a-410d-9433-20d6269a6170",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0063",
                    "external_id": "DC0063"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Windows Registry Key Modification",
            "description": "Changes made to an existing registry key or its values. These modifications can include altering permissions, modifying stored data, or updating configuration settings.\n\n*Data Collection Measures:*\n\n- Windows Event Logs\n    - Event ID 4657 - Registry Value Modified: Logs changes to registry values, including modifications to startup entries, security settings, or system configurations.\n- Sysmon (System Monitor) for Windows\n    - Sysmon Event ID 13 - Registry Value Set: Captures changes to specific registry values.\n    - Sysmon Event ID 14 - Registry Key & Value Renamed: Logs renaming of registry keys, which may indicate evasion attempts.\n- Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) Solutions\n    - Monitor registry modifications for suspicious behavior.",
            "x_mitre_data_source_ref": "",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Windows Registry",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4657"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4663, 4670, 4656"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "StubPath value written under HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Active Setup\\Installed Components"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "MacroSecuritySettingsChanged or SafeModeDisabled"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=13, 14"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "modification to Winlogon registry keys such as Shell, Notify, or Userinit"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "Registry key modification HKLM\\Software\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\DNSClient\\EnableMulticast"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "g_CiOptions modification or SIP state change"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "Autoruns reports DLLs in AppInit_DLLs key"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--e905dad2-00d6-477c-97e8-800427abd0e8",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0040",
                    "external_id": "DC0040"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "File Deletion",
            "description": "Refers to events where files are removed from a system or storage device. These events can indicate legitimate housekeeping activities or malicious actions such as attackers attempting to cover their tracks. Monitoring file deletions helps organizations identify unauthorized or suspicious activities.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "File",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "unlink/unlinkat on service binaries or data targets"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "file deletion"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "shell history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=23"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "PATH"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:shell",
                    "channel": "/var/log/shell.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "delete action"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "unlink, unlinkat, openat, write"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec rm -rf|dd if=/dev|srm|file unlink"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "unlink, unlinkat, rmdir"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "unlink, rename, open"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:Sysmon",
                    "channel": "EventCode=23"
                },
                {
                    "name": "fs:fsusage",
                    "channel": "unlink, fs_delete"
                },
                {
                    "name": "docker:daemon",
                    "channel": "container file operations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "rm, clearlogs, logrotate"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "Datastore file operations"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "CREATE, DELETE, WRITE: Stored data manipulation attempts by unauthorized processes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "unlink/unlinkat"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Backup",
                    "channel": "Windows Backup Catalog deletion or catalog corruption"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:CONFIG_CHANGE",
                    "channel": "/etc/fstab, /etc/systemd/*"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--ee575f4a-2d4f-48f6-b18b-89067760adc1",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0034",
                    "external_id": "DC0034"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Process Metadata",
            "description": "Contextual data about a running process, which may include information such as environment variables, image name, user/owner, etc.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Process",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem=com.apple.process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-CodeIntegrity/Operational",
                    "channel": "CodeIntegrity/WDAC events indicating unsigned/invalid DLL loads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "sudo or service accounts invoking loaders with suspicious env vars"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Process Context"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:auth",
                    "channel": "user session"
                },
                {
                    "name": "networkdevice:syslog",
                    "channel": "Admin activity"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve call for sudo where euid != uid"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "subsystem=com.apple.TCC"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "exec of binary with setuid/setgid and EUID != UID"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "Use of fork/exec with DISPLAY unset or redirected"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:Telemetry",
                    "channel": "Process lineage and API usage enrichment (GetSystemTime, GetTimeZoneInformation, NtQuerySystemTime)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "/var/log/hostd.log API calls reading/altering time/ntp settings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve, prctl, or ptrace activity affecting process memory or command-line arguments"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "Cross-reference argv[0] with actual executable path and parent process metadata"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:AppLocker",
                    "channel": "AppLocker audit/blocks showing developer utilities executing scripts/binaries outside policy"
                },
                {
                    "name": "EDR:hunting",
                    "channel": "Correlation of signer info, parent-child lineage, rare invocation context (user host role), and API surfaces (CreateProcess*, LoadLibrary*)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Security-Mitigations/KernelMode",
                    "channel": "ETW telemetry indicating ClickOnce deployment (dfsvc.exe) launching payloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-ClickOnce",
                    "channel": "provider: Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) events associated with ClickOnce deployment (dfsvc.exe activity)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Windows Camera Frame Server/Operational",
                    "channel": "Process session start/stop events for camera pipeline by unexpected executables"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "select: path LIKE '/dev/video%'"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "state=attached/debugged"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Code Execution & Entitlement Access"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Process opening SSH_AUTH_SOCK or /tmp/ssh-* socket not owned by same UID"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "code signature/memory protection"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve with UID \u2260 EUID"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:SYSCALL",
                    "channel": "execve with escalated privileges"
                },
                {
                    "name": "AWS:CloudTrail",
                    "channel": "cross-account or unexpected assume role"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "log collect from launchd and process start"
                },
                {
                    "name": "containerd:events",
                    "channel": "Docker or containerd image pulls and process executions"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Kernel or daemon warnings of downgraded TLS or cryptographic settings"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "Modifications or writes to EFI system partition for downgraded bootloaders"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "non-shell process tree accessing bash history"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "process metadata mismatch between /proc and runtime attributes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "process environment variables containing LD_PRELOAD"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:PowerShell",
                    "channel": "EventCode=400, 403"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "Process Execution + Hash"
                },
                {
                    "name": "etw:Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Process",
                    "channel": "process_start: EventHeader.ProcessId true parent vs reported PPID mismatch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:endpointsecurity",
                    "channel": "ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_EXEC, ES_EVENT_TYPE_NOTIFY_MMAP"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-CodeIntegrity/Operational",
                    "channel": "Unsigned/invalid signature modules or images loaded by msbuild.exe or its children"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-DeviceGuard/Operational",
                    "channel": "WDAC policy audit/block affecting msbuild.exe spawned payloads"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-SmartAppControl/Operational",
                    "channel": "Smart App Control decisions (audit/block) for msbuild.exe-launched executables"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-CodeIntegrity/Operational",
                    "channel": "Unsigned or untrusted modules loaded during JamPlus.exe runtime"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--f42df6f0-6395-4f0c-9376-525a031f00c3",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0001",
                    "external_id": "DC0001"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Scheduled Job Creation",
            "description": "The establishment of a task or job that will execute at a predefined time or based on specific triggers.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Scheduled Job",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4698"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:syslog",
                    "channel": "Execution of non-standard script or binary by cron"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:TaskScheduler",
                    "channel": "EventCode=106"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "crontab, systemd_timers"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "launchd_jobs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:vmkernel",
                    "channel": "Startup script and task execution logs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "kubernetes:apiserver",
                    "channel": "verb=create, resource=cronjobs, group=batch"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:unifiedlog",
                    "channel": "process: crontab edits, launch of cron job"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:osquery",
                    "channel": "file_events - cron, launchd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:cron",
                    "channel": "execution of scheduled job"
                },
                {
                    "name": "esxi:hostd",
                    "channel": "task creation events"
                },
                {
                    "name": "macos:cron",
                    "channel": "cron/launchd"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4699"
                },
                {
                    "name": "linux:cron",
                    "channel": "Scheduled execution of unknown or unusual script/binary"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--f5468e67-51c7-4756-9b4f-65707708e7fa",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.275Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0102",
                    "external_id": "DC0102"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-11-12T22:03:39.105Z",
            "name": "Network Share Access",
            "description": "Opening a network share, which makes the contents available to the requestor (ex: Windows EID 5140 or 5145)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Network Share",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-SMBClient/Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=31001"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=5140"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=5145"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-SMBServer",
                    "channel": "Access to SYSVOL share from non-admin user or unusual endpoints"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NSM:Flow",
                    "channel": "smb_files.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:unified",
                    "channel": "FileUploaded, FileAccessed"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-component",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-component--faa34cf6-cf32-4dc9-bd6a-8f7a606ff65b",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datacomponents/DC0012",
                    "external_id": "DC0012"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:14:38.292Z",
            "name": "Scheduled Job Modification",
            "description": "Changes made to an existing scheduled job, including modifications to its execution parameters, command payload, or execution timing.",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_log_sources": [
                {
                    "name": "Scheduled Job",
                    "channel": "None"
                },
                {
                    "name": "auditd:CONFIG_CHANGE",
                    "channel": "/var/log/audit/audit.log"
                },
                {
                    "name": "m365:exchange",
                    "channel": "Remove-InboxRule, Clear-Mailbox"
                },
                {
                    "name": "WinEventLog:Security",
                    "channel": "EventCode=4702"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--0b4f86ed-f4ab-46a3-8ed1-175be1974da6",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0002",
                    "external_id": "DS0002"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "User Account",
            "description": "A profile representing a user, device, service, or application used to authenticate and access resources",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Containers",
                "IaaS",
                "Linux",
                "SaaS",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "Office Suite",
                "Identity Provider",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Cloud Control Plane",
                "Container",
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--0f42a24c-e035-4f93-a91c-5f7076bd8da0",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0024",
                    "external_id": "DS0024"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Registry",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2018, May 31). Registry. Retrieved September 29, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/sysinfo/registry"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Windows Registry",
            "description": "A Windows OS hierarchical database that stores much of the information and settings for software programs, hardware devices, user preferences, and operating-system configurations(Citation: Microsoft Registry)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--12c1e727-7fa4-49b6-af81-366ed2ce231e",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0012",
                    "external_id": "DS0012"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye PowerShell Logging",
                    "description": "Dunwoody, M. (2016, February 11). Greater Visibility Through PowerShell Logging. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2016/02/greater_visibilityt.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft AMSI",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2019, April 19). Antimalware Scan Interface (AMSI). Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/amsi/antimalware-scan-interface-portal"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft PowerShell Logging",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2020, March 30). about_Logging_Windows. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_logging_windows?view=powershell-7"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Script",
            "description": "A file or stream containing a list of commands, allowing them to be launched in sequence(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Logging)(Citation: FireEye PowerShell Logging)(Citation: Microsoft AMSI)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--1b8c9f31-ad35-4850-bf8c-80c565ad3552",
            "created": "2022-05-11T16:22:58.802Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0040",
                    "external_id": "DS0040"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Operational Databases",
            "description": "Operational databases contain information about the status of the operational process and associated devices, including any measurements, events, history, or alarms that have occurred",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--40269753-26bd-437b-986e-159c66dec5e4",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0015",
                    "external_id": "DS0015"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Confluence Logs",
                    "description": "Confluence Support. (2021, April 22). Working with Confluence Logs. Retrieved September 23, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://confluence.atlassian.com/doc/working-with-confluence-logs-108364721.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Application Log",
            "description": "Events collected by third-party services such as mail servers, web applications, or other appliances (not by the native OS or platform)(Citation: Confluence Logs)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "IaaS",
                "Linux",
                "SaaS",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "Office Suite",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Cloud Control Plane",
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--4358c631-e253-4557-86df-f687d0ef9891",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0028",
                    "external_id": "DS0028"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Audit Logon Events",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2021, September 6). Audit logon events. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/auditing/basic-audit-logon-events"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Logon Session",
            "description": "Logon occurring on a system or resource (local, domain, or cloud) to which a user/device is gaining access after successful authentication and authorization(Citation: Microsoft Audit Logon Events)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "IaaS",
                "Linux",
                "SaaS",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "Office Suite",
                "Identity Provider",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Cloud Control Plane",
                "Host",
                "Network"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--509ed41e-ca42-461e-9058-24602256daf9",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0022",
                    "external_id": "DS0022"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft File Mgmt",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2018, May 31). File Management (Local File Systems). Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/file-management"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "File",
            "description": "A computer resource object, managed by the I/O system, for storing data (such as images, text, videos, computer programs, or any wide variety of other media).(Citation: Microsoft File Mgmt)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "Network Devices",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--61bbbf27-f7c3-46ba-a6bc-48ae76928065",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0016",
                    "external_id": "DS0016"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sysmon EID 9",
                    "description": "Russinovich, R. & Garnier, T. (2021, August 18). Sysmon Event ID 9. Retrieved September 24, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/sysinternals/downloads/sysmon#event-id-9-rawaccessread"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Drive",
            "description": "A non-volatile data storage device (hard drive, floppy disk, USB flash drive) with at least one formatted partition, typically mounted to the file system and/or assigned a drive letter(Citation: Sysmon EID 9)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "Windows",
                "macOS"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--73691708-ffb5-4e29-906d-f485f6fa7089",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0017",
                    "external_id": "DS0017"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Confluence Linux Command  Line",
                    "description": "Confluence Support. (2021, September 8). How to enable command line audit logging in linux. Retrieved September 23, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://confluence.atlassian.com/confkb/how-to-enable-command-line-audit-logging-in-linux-956166545.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Audit OSX",
                    "description": "Gagliardi, R. (n.d.). Audit in a OS X System. Retrieved September 23, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20150108"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Command",
            "description": "A directive given to a computer program, acting as an interpreter of some kind, in order to perform a specific task(Citation: Confluence Linux Command  Line)(Citation: Audit OSX)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Containers",
                "Linux",
                "Network Devices",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "Android",
                "iOS",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)",
                "Austin Clark, @c2defense"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Container",
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--b1717cb4-d536-4e2b-b5e5-07e67e26183c",
            "created": "2022-05-11T16:22:58.802Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0039",
                    "external_id": "DS0039"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Asset",
            "description": "Data sources with information about the set of devices found within the network, along with their current software and configurations",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--ba27545a-9c32-47ea-ba6a-cce50f1b326e",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0033",
                    "external_id": "DS0033"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft NFS Overview",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2018, July 9). Network File System overview. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/storage/nfs/nfs-overview"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Network Share",
            "description": "A storage resource (typically a folder or drive) made available from one host to others using network protocols, such as Server Message Block (SMB) or Network File System (NFS)(Citation: Microsoft NFS Overview)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "Windows",
                "macOS"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--c000cd5c-bbb3-4606-af6f-6c6d9de0bbe3",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0029",
                    "external_id": "DS0029"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Network Traffic",
            "description": "Data transmitted across a network (ex: Web, DNS, Mail, File, etc.), that is either summarized (ex: Netflow) and/or captured as raw data in an analyzable format (ex: PCAP)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "IaaS",
                "Linux",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "Android",
                "iOS",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)",
                "ExtraHop"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Cloud Control Plane",
                "Host",
                "Network"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--c9ddfb51-eb45-4e22-b614-44ac1caa7883",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0003",
                    "external_id": "DS0003"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Tasks",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2018, May 31). Tasks. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/taskschd/tasks"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Scheduled Job",
            "description": "Automated tasks that can be executed at a specific time or on a recurring schedule running in the background (ex: Cron daemon, task scheduler, BITS)(Citation: Microsoft Tasks)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Containers",
                "Linux",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Container",
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--ca1cb239-ff6d-4f64-b9d7-41c8556a8b4f",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.265Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0001",
                    "external_id": "DS0001"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Firmware",
            "description": "Computer software that provides low-level control for the hardware and device(s) of a host, such as BIOS or UEFI/EFI",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "Windows",
                "macOS"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--d710099e-df94-4be4-bf85-cabd30e912bb",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.273Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0019",
                    "external_id": "DS0019"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Services",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2017, March 30). Introduction to Windows Service Applications. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/windows-services/introduction-to-windows-service-applications"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Linux Services Run Levels",
                    "description": "The Linux Foundation. (2006, January 11). An introduction to services, runlevels, and rc.d scripts. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.linux.com/news/introduction-services-runlevels-and-rcd-scripts/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Service",
            "description": "A computer process that is configured to execute continuously in the background and perform system tasks, in some cases before any user has logged in(Citation: Microsoft Services)(Citation: Linux Services Run Levels)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--e8b8ede7-337b-4c0c-8c32-5c7872c1ee22",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0009",
                    "external_id": "DS0009"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Processes and Threads",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2018, May 31). Processes and Threads. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/processes-and-threads"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Process",
            "description": "Instances of computer programs that are being executed by at least one thread. Processes have memory space for process executables, loaded modules (DLLs or shared libraries), and allocated memory regions containing everything from user input to application-specific data structures(Citation: Microsoft Processes and Threads)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "Windows",
                "macOS",
                "Android",
                "iOS",
                "ESXi"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.2",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-data-source",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-data-source--f424e4b4-a8a4-4c58-a4ae-4f53bfd08563",
            "created": "2021-10-20T15:05:19.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/datasources/DS0011",
                    "external_id": "DS0011"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft LoadLibrary",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2018, December 5). LoadLibraryA function (libloaderapi.h). Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/libloaderapi/nf-libloaderapi-loadlibrarya"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Module Class",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (n.d.). Module Class. Retrieved September 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.reflection.module"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Module",
            "description": "Executable files consisting of one or more shared classes and interfaces, such as portable executable (PE) format binaries/dynamic link libraries (DLL), executable and linkable format (ELF) binaries/shared libraries, and Mach-O format binaries/shared libraries(Citation: Microsoft LoadLibrary)(Citation: Microsoft Module Class)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "Windows",
                "macOS"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)"
            ],
            "x_mitre_collection_layers": [
                "Host"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "created": "2023-09-28T14:58:00.982Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0008",
                    "external_id": "A0008"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-22T15:13:16.424Z",
            "name": "Application Server",
            "description": "Application servers are used across many different sectors to host various diverse software applications necessary to supporting the ICS. Example functions can include data analytics and reporting, alarm management, and the management/coordination of different control servers.  The application server typically runs on a modern server operating system (e.g., MS Windows Server).",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "File Server",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Server designed to house files within the ICS environment and/or securely transfer files between the ICS and enterprise networks."
                },
                {
                    "name": "License Server",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Vendor-specific server that operates and maintains application licenses for different ICS applications to prevent computers from reaching across the ICS/enterprise network boundary directly."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Update / Patch Management Server",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Server capable of providing updates and/or patches to computers with general purpose operating systems (e.g. MS Windows or Linux) within the ICS environment to prevent computers from reaching across the ICS/enterprise network boundary directly."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Domain Controller (DC)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "MS Windows server used for enforcing security policies and role-based access control (RBAC) rules and managing identity and access management (IAM) policies within a network."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Database Server",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "MS Windows (primarily) server used for tracking long-term point information, control sheets, license information, trends, etc.  Paired with a Domain Controller and in some cases may be installed on the same machine functioning as a domain controller. MS SQL & Oracle are common types of database software found. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Alarm Collector",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Server that is a target of device/server alarms for a distributed system.  Some workstations or servers may have the job as the alarm collector and may only be a process/service running on the machine. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Asset Management Server",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A vendor-specific piece of software that collects information about vendor hardware or allows for configuration of that hardware (i.e., FactoryTalk Asset Center).  May also be known as: Field Device Management. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Telemetry Server",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Servers that collect Layer 2 communications or information and send via Layer 3 to other network segments or outside the control zone for collection (examples: PI Feeder, Remote Data Server).  "
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Linux"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-12-18T18:59:44.199Z",
            "name": "2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack",
            "description": "[2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028) was a [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) campaign during which they used [BlackEnergy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0089) (specifically BlackEnergy3) and [KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) to target and disrupt transmission and distribution substations within the Ukrainian power grid. This campaign was the first major public attack conducted against the Ukrainian power grid by Sandworm Team.",
            "aliases": [
                "2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack"
            ],
            "first_seen": "2015-12-01T05:00:00.000Z",
            "last_seen": "2016-01-01T05:00:00.000Z",
            "x_mitre_first_seen_citation": "(Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "x_mitre_last_seen_citation": "(Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "campaign",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "created": "2023-09-27T13:11:52.340Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028",
                    "external_id": "C0028"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "created": "2023-09-28T14:22:49.837Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0001",
                    "external_id": "A0001"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "North American Electric Reliability Corporation June 2021",
                    "description": "North American Electric Reliability Corporation 2021, June 28 Glossary of Terms Used in NERC Reliability Standards Retrieved. 2021/10/11 ",
                    "url": "https://www.nerc.com/pa/Stand/Glossary%20of%20Terms/Glossary_of_Terms.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T19:58:23.607Z",
            "name": "Workstation",
            "description": "Workstations are devices used by human operators or engineers to perform various configuration, programming, maintenance, diagnostic, or operational tasks. Workstations typically utilize standard desktop or laptop hardware and operating systems (e.g., MS Windows), but run dedicated control system applications or diagnostic/management software     to support interfacing with the control servers or field devices. Some workstations have a fixed location within the network architecture, while others are transient devices that are directly connected to various field devices to support local management activities.",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Transient Cyber Asset (TCA)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "Electric"
                    ],
                    "description": "A Transient Cyber Asset (TCA)(Citation: North American Electric Reliability Corporation June 2021) is a mobile workstation that is used to support management functions across multiple different networks, rather than being dedicated to any specific device/network. The TCA is often used to directly manage ICS environments that do not have any dedicated support for external remote access. Therefore, the TCA provides a mechanism for connectivity and file transfer to many networks/devices, even if they are segmented or \u201cair gapped\u201d from other networks.  "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Engineering Workstation (EWS)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "An Engineering Workstation (EWS) is used to perform various maintenance, configuration, or diagnostics functions for a control system. The EWS will likely require dedicated application software to interface with various devices (e.g., RTUs, PLCs), and may be used to transfer data or files between the control system devices and other networks. "
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Linux"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-04T18:01:02.506Z",
            "name": "Intelligent Electronic Device (IED)",
            "description": "An Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) is a type of specialized field device that is designed to perform specific operational functions, frequently for protection, monitoring, or control within the electric sector. IEDs are typically used to both acquire telemetry and execute tailored control algorithms/actions based on customizable parameters/settings. An IED is usually implemented as a dedicated embedded device and supports various network automation protocols to communicate with RTUs and Control Servers.",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "Electric"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Protection Relay",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "Electric"
                    ],
                    "description": "A protection relay is a type of IED used within the electric sector to monitor for faults or problematic operating conditions on power lines, busses, or transformers. While traditionally protection relays were electromechanical or electromagnetic devices, modern relays utilize microprocessors, embedded operating system, and SCADA communications."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Field Device / Controller",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [],
                    "description": "IEDs may be referred to as Field Controllers or Field Devices as a general function name. "
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "created": "2023-09-28T14:46:42.566Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0005",
                    "external_id": "A0005"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:55:09.319Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0014",
                    "external_id": "A0014"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IETF RFC4949 2007",
                    "description": "Internet Engineering Task Force. (2007, August). Internet Security Glossary, Version 2. Retrieved September 29, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4949.txt"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T19:56:56.316Z",
            "name": "Routers",
            "description": "A computer that is a gateway between two networks at OSI layer 3 and that relays and directs data packets through that inter-network. The most common form of router operates on IP packets.(Citation: IETF RFC4949 2007)",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Embedded",
                "Network"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "created": "2023-09-28T15:01:48.509Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0009",
                    "external_id": "A0009"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T19:43:43.474Z",
            "name": "Data Gateway",
            "description": "Data Gateway is a device that supports the communication and exchange of data between different systems, networks, or protocols within the ICS. Different types of data gateways are used to perform various functions, including:\n\n *  <u>Protocol Translation:</u> Enable communication to devices that support different or incompatible protocols by translating information from one protocol to another. \n *  <u>Media Converter:</u> Convert data across different Layer 1 and 2 network protocols / mediums, for example, converting from Serial to Ethernet. \n *  <u>Data Aggregation:</u> Collect and combine data from different devices into one consistent format and protocol interface. \n*  <u>Data Mirroring:</u> Create a real-time, exact copy of data streams from devices to a separate destination for redundancy, monitoring, or backup purposes.\n\nData gateways are often critical to the forwarding/transmission of critical control or monitoring data within the ICS. Further, these devices often have remote various network services that are used to communicate across different zones or networks.  \n\nThese assets may focus on a single function listed below or combinations of these functions to best fit the industry use-case. \n",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Data Acquisition Server (DAS)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A Data Acquisition Server (DAS) a system or software platform that is used to collect, aggregate, and store data/telemetry from field devices using various SCADA/Automation protocols. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Serial to Ethernet Gateway",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "Electric",
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A Serial to Ethernet gateway is a device that is used to connect field devices that only support serial-based communication (e.g., RS-232) with more modern Ethernet-based networks. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Industrial Edge",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Devices that may house a cellular or other type of communication stack that is outside the normal network path. May be bi-directional access by outside parties or unidirectional by design to allow for feeding of data to outside areas such as corporate, vendor, or cloud."
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Linux",
                "Embedded",
                "Network"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-04T17:59:11.489Z",
            "name": "Human-Machine Interface (HMI)",
            "description": "Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs) are systems used by an operator to monitor the real-time status of an operational process and to perform necessary control functions, including the adjustment of device parameters. An HMI can take various forms, including a dedicated screen or control panel integrated with a specific device/controller, or a customizable software GUI application running on a standard operating system (e.g., MS Windows) that interfaces with a control/SCADA server. The HMI is critical to ensuring operators have sufficient visibility and control over the operational process.",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Operator Workstation (OWS)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "An Operator Workstation (OWS) or Console is a system or device used by an operator to interface with a control system, including to access/visualizes key information or parameters about the operational process and initiate control actions. This typically consists of specialized OWS software installed on a Workstation platform. (Citation: IEC February 2019)"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Linux"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "created": "2023-09-28T14:38:54.407Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0002",
                    "external_id": "A0002"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2019",
                    "description": "IEC 2019, February Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:17:26.575Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0016",
                    "external_id": "A0016"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T19:34:14.912Z",
            "name": "Firewall",
            "description": "A gateway that limits access between networks in accordance with local security policy.\n\nIn ICS networks, firewalls can exist in multiple locations in the network architecture and  serve a variety of purposes. The first, and often the most important, is the firewall segmenting the ICS network from the business network. This firewall acts as the primary network boundary point that controls the ingress/egress of network traffic between the ICS and business networks. This firewall may also be a single device connected to multiple network segments, where the firewall defines individual zones for the different network segments and can control access to the zones and between the zones. This can limit the ability of an adversary to traverse a network.\n",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Boundary Firewall",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A boundary firewall is used to control the flow of traffic between two different networks. It is typically used to delineate the different levels of the Purdue Model. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Device Firewall",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [],
                    "description": "A device firewall is used to control the flow of traffic between a network and an individual device. It is used when additional protections are required beyond that of a boundary firewall. For example, a boundary firewall may limit traffic on the network to two protocols, but, a device firewall may further limit traffic to a particular device on that network to a single protocol."
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Network",
                "Embedded",
                "Windows",
                "Linux"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-11-17T16:15:02.223Z",
            "name": "Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack",
            "description": "[Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030) was a campaign employed by [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) which leveraged the [Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) malware framework against a petrochemical organization.(Citation: Triton-EENews-2017) The malware and techniques used within this campaign targeted specific Triconex [Safety Controller](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0010)s within the environment.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2018) The incident was eventually discovered due to a safety trip that occurred as a result of an issue in the malware.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2017)\n",
            "aliases": [
                "Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack"
            ],
            "first_seen": "2017-06-01T04:00:00.000Z",
            "last_seen": "2017-08-01T04:00:00.000Z",
            "x_mitre_first_seen_citation": "(Citation: Triton-EENews-2017)",
            "x_mitre_last_seen_citation": "(Citation: Triton-EENews-2017)",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "campaign",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "created": "2024-03-25T17:47:37.619Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030",
                    "external_id": "C0030"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Triton-EENews-2017",
                    "description": "Blake Sobczak. (2019, March 7). The inside story of the world\u2019s most dangerous malware. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.eenews.net/articles/the-inside-story-of-the-worlds-most-dangerous-malware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON 2017",
                    "description": "Johnson, B, et. al. (2017, December 14). Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework \"TRITON\" and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved January 6, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON 2018",
                    "description": "Miller, S. Reese, E. (2018, June 7). A Totally Tubular Treatise on TRITON and TriStation. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200618231942/https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/06/totally-tubular-treatise-on-triton-and-tristation.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:53:28.482Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0015",
                    "external_id": "A0015"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T19:34:42.547Z",
            "name": "Switch",
            "description": "A switch is a network device that connects endpoints (e.g., workstations, servers, HMIs, PLCs, etc.) so that they can communicate and share data and resources. Switches may operate at either Layer 2 or Layer 3 of the OSI Model and intelligently forward packets across the network based on the specified address (Media Access Control (MAC) address for Layer 2 and Internet Protocol (IP) address for Layer 3). Switches are typically used to define network segments and connect the devices within a particular level of the Purdue Model.  ",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Core Switch",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A core switch is a device that provides high-speed and reliable connectivity and can be connected with other core switches to make up the backbone of large enterprise/ICS networks. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Access Switch",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "An access switch is a device that allows end users via endpoints (e.g., workstations, servers, etc.) to connect to the network and share data and resources."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Layer 2 Switch",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A Layer 2 switch is a device that forwards data packets on the network based on the specified destination MAC address."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Layer 3 Switch",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A Layer 3 switch is a device that forwards data packets on the network based on the specified source and destination IP addresses."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Distribution Switch",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A distribution switch is a device that connects access switches with core switches and is responsible for controlling traffic between networks."
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Network",
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-01-08T20:40:31.822Z",
            "name": "Dragonfly",
            "description": "[Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) is a cyber espionage group that has been attributed to Russia's Federal Security Service (FSB) Center 16.(Citation: DOJ Russia Targeting Critical Infrastructure March 2022)(Citation: UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022) Active since at least 2010, [Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) has targeted defense and aviation companies, government entities, companies related to industrial control systems, and critical infrastructure sectors worldwide through supply chain, spearphishing, and drive-by compromise attacks.(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019)(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017)(Citation: Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017)(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)(Citation: CISA AA20-296A Berserk Bear December 2020)(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly 2.0 October 2017)",
            "aliases": [
                "Dragonfly",
                "TEMP.Isotope",
                "DYMALLOY",
                "Berserk Bear",
                "TG-4192",
                "Crouching Yeti",
                "IRON LIBERTY",
                "Energetic Bear",
                "Ghost Blizzard",
                "BROMINE"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "4.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--1c63d4ec-0a75-4daa-b1df-0d11af3d3cc1",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:05.217Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035",
                    "external_id": "G0035"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DYMALLOY",
                    "description": "(Citation: Dragos DYMALLOY )(Citation: UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Berserk Bear",
                    "description": "(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)(Citation: DOJ Russia Targeting Critical Infrastructure March 2022)(Citation: UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "TEMP.Isotope",
                    "description": "(Citation: Mandiant Ukraine Cyber Threats January 2022)(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Ghost Blizzard",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "BROMINE",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Crouching Yeti",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019)(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)(Citation: DOJ Russia Targeting Critical Infrastructure March 2022)(Citation: UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IRON LIBERTY",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019)(Citation: Secureworks MCMD July 2019)(Citation: Secureworks Karagany July 2019)(Citation: UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "TG-4192",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019)(Citation: UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragonfly",
                    "description": "(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019)(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)(Citation: DOJ Russia Targeting Critical Infrastructure March 2022)(Citation: UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Energetic Bear",
                    "description": "(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019)(Citation: Secureworks MCMD July 2019)(Citation: Secureworks Karagany July 2019)(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)(Citation: DOJ Russia Targeting Critical Infrastructure March 2022)(Citation: UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA20-296A Berserk Bear December 2020",
                    "description": "CISA. (2020, December 1). Russian State-Sponsored Advanced Persistent Threat Actor Compromises U.S. Government Targets. Retrieved December 9, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa20-296a#revisions"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DOJ Russia Targeting Critical Infrastructure March 2022",
                    "description": "Department of Justice. (2022, March 24). Four Russian Government Employees Charged in Two Historical Hacking Campaigns Targeting Critical Infrastructure Worldwide. Retrieved April 5, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/four-russian-government-employees-charged-two-historical-hacking-campaigns-targeting-critical"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos DYMALLOY ",
                    "description": "Dragos. (n.d.). DYMALLOY. Retrieved August 20, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/threat/dymalloy/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017",
                    "description": "Hackett, R. (2017, September 6). Hackers Have Penetrated Energy Grid, Symantec Warns. Retrieved June 6, 2018.",
                    "url": "http://fortune.com/2017/09/06/hack-energy-grid-symantec/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant Ukraine Cyber Threats January 2022",
                    "description": "Hultquist, J. (2022, January 20). Anticipating Cyber Threats as the Ukraine Crisis Escalates. Retrieved January 24, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/ukraine-crisis-cyber-threats"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks MCMD July 2019",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2019, July 24). MCMD Malware Analysis. Retrieved August 13, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/mcmd-malware-analysis"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2019, July 24). Resurgent Iron Liberty Targeting Energy Sector. Retrieved August 12, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/resurgent-iron-liberty-targeting-energy-sector"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks Karagany July 2019",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2019, July 24). Updated Karagany Malware Targets Energy Sector. Retrieved August 12, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/updated-karagany-malware-targets-energy-sector"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021",
                    "description": "Slowik, J. (2021, October). THE BAFFLING BERSERK BEAR: A DECADE\u2019S ACTIVITY TARGETING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE. Retrieved December 6, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://vblocalhost.com/uploads/VB2021-Slowik.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response. (2014, July 7). Dragonfly: Western energy sector targeted by sophisticated attack group. Retrieved September 9, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/dragonfly_threat_against_western_energy_suppliers"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Dragonfly",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response. (2014, June 30). Dragonfly: Cyberespionage Attacks Against Energy Suppliers. Retrieved April 8, 2016.",
                    "url": "https://community.broadcom.com/symantecenterprise/communities/community-home/librarydocuments/viewdocument?DocumentKey=7382dce7-0260-4782-84cc-890971ed3f17&CommunityKey=1ecf5f55-9545-44d6-b0f4-4e4a7f5f5e68&tab=librarydocuments"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Dragonfly 2.0 October 2017",
                    "description": "Symantec. (2017, October 7). Dragonfly: Western energy sector targeted by sophisticated attack group. Retrieved April 19, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/dragonfly-energy-sector-cyber-attacks"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "UK GOV FSB Factsheet April 2022",
                    "description": "UK Gov. (2022, April 5). Russia's FSB malign activity: factsheet. Retrieved April 5, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/russias-fsb-malign-cyber-activity-factsheet/russias-fsb-malign-activity-factsheet"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-08-14T15:24:19.141Z",
            "name": "HEXANE",
            "description": "[HEXANE](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1001) is a cyber espionage threat group that has targeted oil & gas, telecommunications, aviation, and internet service provider organizations since at least 2017. Targeted companies have been located in the Middle East and Africa, including Israel, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Morocco, and Tunisia. [HEXANE](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1001)'s TTPs appear similar to [APT33](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0064) and [OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049) but due to differences in victims and tools it is tracked as a separate entity.(Citation: Dragos Hexane)(Citation: Kaspersky Lyceum October 2021)(Citation: ClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021)(Citation: Accenture Lyceum Targets November 2021)",
            "aliases": [
                "HEXANE",
                "Lyceum",
                "Siamesekitten",
                "Spirlin"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "2.3",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence",
                "Mindaugas Gudzis, BT Security"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--f29b7c5e-2439-42ad-a86f-9f8984fafae3",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1001",
                    "external_id": "G1001"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Spirlin",
                    "description": "(Citation: Accenture Lyceum Targets November 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Siamesekitten",
                    "description": "(Citation: ClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Lyceum",
                    "description": "(Citation: SecureWorks August 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Accenture Lyceum Targets November 2021",
                    "description": "Accenture. (2021, November 9). Who are latest targets of cyber group Lyceum?. Retrieved June 16, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.accenture.com/us-en/blogs/cyber-defense/iran-based-lyceum-campaigns"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021",
                    "description": "ClearSky Cyber Security . (2021, August). New Iranian Espionage Campaign By \u201cSiamesekitten\u201d - Lyceum. Retrieved June 6, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.clearskysec.com/siamesekitten/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Hexane",
                    "description": "Dragos. (n.d.). Hexane. Retrieved October 27, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/resource/hexane/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kaspersky Lyceum October 2021",
                    "description": "Kayal, A. et al. (2021, October). LYCEUM REBORN: COUNTERINTELLIGENCE IN THE MIDDLE EAST. Retrieved June 14, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://vblocalhost.com/uploads/VB2021-Kayal-etal.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SecureWorks August 2019",
                    "description": "SecureWorks 2019, August 27 LYCEUM Takes Center Stage in Middle East Campaign Retrieved. 2019/11/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/blog/lyceum-takes-center-stage-in-middle-east-campaign"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "created": "2025-09-24T22:53:09.627Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0017",
                    "external_id": "A0017"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T16:17:35.766Z",
            "name": "Distributed Control System (DCS) Controller",
            "description": "A Distributed Control System (DCS) Controller is a microprocessor unit that is used to manage automation processes. DCS Controllers are often found in plants (chemical, manufacturing, oil and gas, etc.) where large scale continuous automation processes are required. A DCS Controller typically operates as part of a larger networked system with other DCS Controllers where each DCS Controller manages an individual part of a continuous process. In addition to these other controllers, DCS Controllers operate along side multiple other system components including system software, operator stations, and other embedded field controllers. The distributed nature of DCS Controllers provides scalability, redundancy, and improved process reliability. DCS Controllers are programmed using traditional process automation programming languages (IEC-61131). ",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Field Device / Controller",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Distributed Control System (DCS) Controller may be referred to as Field Controllers or Field Devices as a general function name."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) share some of the same functionality as DCS Controllers, although often without more advanced control features. "
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-04T19:26:49.788Z",
            "name": "Field I/O",
            "description": "Field I/O are devices that communicate with a controller or data aggregator to either send input data or receive output data. Input data may include readings about a given environment/device state from sensors, while output data may include data sent back to actuators for them to either undertake actions or change parameter values.(Citation: Guidance - NIST SP800-82) These devices are frequently embedded devices running on lightweight embedded operating systems or RTOSes. ",
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Smart Sensors",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "*A device that procures a voltage or current output that is representative of some physical property being measured (e.g., speed, temperature, flow).* (Citation: Guidance - NIST SP800-82) Smart sensors take this functionality and add on on-device processing and network communication."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Variable Frequency Drive (VFD)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "*A type of drive that controls the speed, but not the precise position, of a non-servo, AC motor by varying the frequency of the electricity going to that motor. VFDs are typically used for applications where speed and power are important, but precise positioning is not.* (Citation: Guidance - NIST SP800-82) VFDs can be network connected."
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "created": "2023-09-28T17:57:22.946Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0013",
                    "external_id": "A0013"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Guidance - NIST SP800-82",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer. (2015, May). Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. Retrieved March 28, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "created": "2023-09-28T14:48:36.305Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0006",
                    "external_id": "A0006"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T19:55:17.864Z",
            "name": "Data Historian",
            "description": "Data historians, or historian, are systems used to collect and store data, including telemetry, events, alerts, and alarms about the operational process and supporting devices. The historian typically utilizes a database to store this data, and commonly provide tools and interfaces to support the analysis of the data. Data historians are often used to support various engineering or business analysis functions and therefore commonly needs access from the corporate network. Data historians often work in a hierarchical paradigm where lower/site level historians collect and store data which is then aggregated into a site/plant level historian. Therefore, data historians often have remote services that can be accessed externally from the ICS network. Many data historian vendors have designed their software to securely transfer data between the ICS and business networks instead of requiring business systems to access the data historian in the ICS network directly.",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Linux",
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T18:56:19.712Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0018",
                    "external_id": "A0018"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-03T17:46:10.281Z",
            "name": "Programmable Automation Controller (PAC)",
            "description": "A Programmable Automation Controller (PAC) is an embedded programmable control device. PACs are designed to enable automation applications across integrated software applications, peer controllers (e.g., PLC), Human Machine Interfaces, and other systems. PACs often include advanced features for process control, motion control, drive control, and vision applications. PACs are programmed using traditional process automation programming languages (IEC-61131) and sometimes languages such as C and C++ to support more advanced controls.",
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Field Device / Controller",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Programmable Automation Controller (PAC) may be referred to as Field Controllers or Field Devices as a general function name."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) share some of the same functionality as PACs, although often without more advanced control features. Historically, differences between PLCs and PACs were minimal, resulting in varying use of the terms across industry. "
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-04T18:05:43.237Z",
            "name": "Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)",
            "description": "A Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) is a device that typically resides between field devices (e.g., PLCs, IEDs) and control/SCADA servers and supports various communication interfacing and data aggregation functions. RTUs are typically responsible for forwarding commands from the control server and the collection of telemetry, events, and alerts from the field devices. An RTU can be implemented as a dedicated embedded device, as software platform that runs on a hardened/ruggedized computer, or using a custom application program on a PLC.",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "Electric",
                "Water and Wastewater",
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Embedded",
                "Windows",
                "Linux"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "created": "2023-09-28T14:44:54.756Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0004",
                    "external_id": "A0004"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-16T18:49:08.504Z",
            "name": "Safety Controller",
            "description": "Safety controllers are typically a type of field device used to perform the safety critical function. Safety controllers often support the deployment of custom programs/logic, similar to a PLC, but can also be tailored for sector specific functions/applications. The safety controllers typically utilize redundant hardware and processors to ensure they operate reliably if a component fails.",
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Safety Instrumented System (SIS) controller",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [],
                    "description": "SIS controllers are used to \u201ctake the process to a safe state when predetermined conditions are violated\u201d (Citation: Guidance - NIST SP800-82) through the reading of sensor data and interaction with digital/physical control surfaces. These devices are oftentimes located on programmable embedded devices running specialized RTOS or other embedded operating systems. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Emergency Shutdown Systems (ESD) controller",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [],
                    "description": "Emergency Shutdown System controllers are used to read sensor values and interact with control surfaces to return the system \u201cto a safe static condition so that any remedial action can be taken\u201d. (Citation: SIGTTO ESD 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Burner Management Systems (BMS) controller",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [],
                    "description": "Burner Management System controllers are used to interact with sensors and control surfaces to maintain safe operating conditions for the burner. These can include safely starting-up and managing the main flame, controlling and monitoring the burning conditions, and safely initiating planned or unplanned shutdown sequences."
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "created": "2023-09-28T15:10:05.534Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0010",
                    "external_id": "A0010"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Guidance - NIST SP800-82",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer. (2015, May). Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. Retrieved March 28, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SIGTTO ESD 2021",
                    "description": "Society of International Gas Tanker & Terminal Operators Ltd. (2021). ESD Systems: Recommendations for Emergency Shutdown and Related Safety Systems (Second Edition). Retrieved September 28, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://sigtto.org/media/3457/sigtto-2021-esd-systems.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-04T18:03:06.811Z",
            "name": "Jump Host",
            "description": "Jump hosts are devices used to support remote management sessions into ICS networks or devices. The system is used to access the ICS environment securely from external networks, such as the corporate network. The user must first remote into the jump host before they can access ICS devices. The jump host may be a customized Windows server using common remote access protocols (e.g., RDP) or a dedicated access management device. The jump host typically performs various security functions to ensure the authenticity of remote sessions, including authentication, enforcing access controls/permissions, and auditing all access attempts.  ",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Intermediate System",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "Electric"
                    ],
                    "description": "A Cyber Asset or collection of Cyber Assets performing access control to restrict Interactive Remote Access to only authorized users.(Citation: North American Electric Reliability Corporation June 2021)"
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Linux",
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "created": "2023-09-28T17:52:53.206Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0012",
                    "external_id": "A0012"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "North American Electric Reliability Corporation June 2021",
                    "description": "North American Electric Reliability Corporation 2021, June 28 Glossary of Terms Used in NERC Reliability Standards Retrieved. 2021/10/11 ",
                    "url": "https://www.nerc.com/pa/Stand/Glossary%20of%20Terms/Glossary_of_Terms.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-04T18:09:21.296Z",
            "name": "Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)",
            "description": "A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is an embedded programmable control device. PLCs typically utilize a modular architecture with separate modules used to support its processing capabilities, communication mediums, and I/O interfaces. PLCs allow for the deployment of customized programs/logic to control or monitor an operational process. This logic is defined using industry specific programming languages, such as IEC 61131 (Citation: IEC February 2013), which define the set of tasks and program organizational units (POUs) included in the device\u2019s programs.  PLCs also typically have distinct operating modes (e.g., Remote, Run, Program, Stop) which are used to determine when the device can be programmed or whether it should execute the custom logic.",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Process Automation Controller  (PAC)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Process Automation Controllers (PAC) share much of the same functionality as a PLC. PACs may include advanced features for process control, motion control, drive control, and vision applications. PACs may include additional features such as options to program in traditional programming languages such as C and C++ in addition to 61131 programming languages in order to support these more advanced controls.  "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Field Device / Controller",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [],
                    "description": "Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) may be referred to as Field Controllers or Field Devices as a general function name.   "
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "created": "2023-09-28T14:43:05.105Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0003",
                    "external_id": "A0003"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2013",
                    "description": "IEC 2013, February 20 IEC 61131-3:2013  Programmable controllers - Part 3: Programming languages Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/4552"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-04-11T16:06:34.700Z",
            "name": "APT33",
            "description": "[APT33](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0064) is a suspected Iranian threat group that has carried out operations since at least 2013. The group has targeted organizations across multiple industries in the United States, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea, with a particular interest in the aviation and energy sectors.(Citation: FireEye APT33 Sept 2017)(Citation: FireEye APT33 Webinar Sept 2017)",
            "aliases": [
                "APT33",
                "HOLMIUM",
                "Elfin",
                "Peach Sandstorm"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--fbd29c89-18ba-4c2d-b792-51c0adee049f",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0064",
                    "external_id": "G0064"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "APT33",
                    "description": "(Citation: FireEye APT33 Sept 2017) (Citation: FireEye APT33 Webinar Sept 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "HOLMIUM",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Holmium June 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Peach Sandstorm",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Elfin",
                    "description": "(Citation: Symantec Elfin Mar 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye APT33 Webinar Sept 2017",
                    "description": "Davis, S. and Carr, N. (2017, September 21). APT33: New Insights into Iranian Cyber Espionage Group. Retrieved February 15, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/275683"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Holmium June 2020",
                    "description": "Microsoft Threat Protection Intelligence Team. (2020, June 18). Inside Microsoft Threat Protection: Mapping attack chains from cloud to endpoint. Retrieved June 22, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/06/18/inside-microsoft-threat-protection-mapping-attack-chains-from-cloud-to-endpoint/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye APT33 Sept 2017",
                    "description": "O'Leary, J., et al. (2017, September 20). Insights into Iranian Cyber Espionage: APT33 Targets Aerospace and Energy Sectors and has Ties to Destructive Malware. Retrieved February 15, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/09/apt33-insights-into-iranian-cyber-espionage.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Elfin Mar 2019",
                    "description": "Security Response attack Investigation Team. (2019, March 27). Elfin: Relentless Espionage Group Targets Multiple Organizations in Saudi Arabia and U.S.. Retrieved April 10, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.symantec.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/elfin-apt33-espionage"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "created": "2023-09-28T14:55:39.339Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0007",
                    "external_id": "A0007"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Guidance - NIST SP800-82",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer. (2015, May). Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. Retrieved March 28, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T19:58:01.290Z",
            "name": "Control Server",
            "description": "Control servers are typically a software platform that runs on a modern server operating system (e.g., MS Windows Server). The server typically uses one or more automation protocols (e.g., Modbus, DNP3) to communicate with the various low-level control devices such as Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) and Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). The control server also usually provides an interface/network service to connect with an HMI.",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) Server",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General",
                        "Electric",
                        "Water and Wastewater"
                    ],
                    "description": "A SCADA server is used to perform monitoring and control across a distributed environment. It typically has an associated HMI to provide information to a human operator and heavily depends on the human operator to initiate control actions."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Master Terminal Unit (MTU)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "*A controller that also acts as a server that hosts the control software that communicates with lower-level control devices, such as remote terminal units (RTUs) and programmable logic controllers (PLCs), over an ICS network* (Citation: Guidance - NIST SP800-82)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Supervisory Controller",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "*A controller that also acts as a server that hosts the control software that communicates with lower-level control devices, such as remote terminal units (RTUs) and programmable logic controllers (PLCs), over an ICS network* (Citation: Guidance - NIST SP800-82)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Distribution/Energy Management System (DMS/EMS)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "Electric"
                    ],
                    "description": "A DMS and EMS are electric sector-specific systems that are commonly used to manage distribution and transmission-level electrical grids. These systems typically integrate a SCADA server and HMI with domain-specific data analysis applications, such as state-estimation and contingency analysis (EMS), or voltage-var control or fault restoration (DMS). These systems also maintain visibility (and in some cases control) through a variety of integrated and distributed automation systems. "
                },
                {
                    "name": "Building Management / Automation System (BMS / BAS)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A controller (or set of controllers) that manages functionality for many common commercial / industrial buildings, such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), lighting, elevators, etc."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Manufacturing Execution System (MES)",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "Manufacturing"
                    ],
                    "description": "A controller that oversees the performance, efficiency, life cycle, and resourcing for a manufacturing process within the ICS environment at a facility. A MES may interact with an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system in the business environment to coordinate resourcing and job planning."
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Linux",
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--190242d7-73fc-4738-af68-20162f7a5aae",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:31:57.307Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1000",
                    "external_id": "G1000"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos",
                    "description": "Dragos   Allanite Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/resource/allanite/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:23.407Z",
            "name": "ALLANITE",
            "description": "[ALLANITE](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1000) is a suspected Russian cyber espionage group, that has primarily targeted the electric utility sector within the United States and United Kingdom. The group's tactics and techniques are reportedly similar to [Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035), although [ALLANITE](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1000)s technical capabilities have not exhibited disruptive or destructive abilities. It has been suggested that the group maintains a presence in ICS for the purpose of gaining understanding of processes and to maintain persistence. (Citation: Dragos)",
            "aliases": [
                "ALLANITE",
                "Palmetto Fusion"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2023-10-04T18:07:59.333Z",
            "name": "Virtual Private Network (VPN) Server",
            "description": "A VPN server is a device that is used to establish a secure network tunnel between itself and other remote VPN devices, including field VPNs. VPN servers can be used to establish a secure connection with a single remote device, or to securely bridge all traffic between two separate networks together by encapsulating all data between those networks. VPN servers typically support remote network services that are used by field VPNs to initiate the establishment of the secure VPN tunnel between the field device and server.",
            "x_mitre_sectors": [
                "General"
            ],
            "x_mitre_related_assets": [
                {
                    "name": "Virtual Private Network (VPN) terminator",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "A VPN terminator is a device performs the role of either a VPN client or server to support the establishment of VPN connection. (Citation: IEC February 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Field VPN",
                    "related_asset_sectors": [
                        "General"
                    ],
                    "description": "Field VPN are typically deployed at remote outstations and are used to create secure connections to VPN servers within data/control center environments.  "
                }
            ],
            "x_mitre_platforms": [
                "Windows",
                "Linux",
                "Embedded"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "x-mitre-asset",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "created": "2023-09-28T15:13:07.950Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0011",
                    "external_id": "A0011"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2019",
                    "description": "IEC 2019, February Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-12-04T21:17:08.593Z",
            "name": "Sandworm Team",
            "description": "[Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) is a destructive threat group that has been attributed to Russia's General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) Main Center for Special Technologies (GTsST) military unit 74455.(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020) This group has been active since at least 2009.(Citation: iSIGHT Sandworm 2014)(Citation: CrowdStrike VOODOO BEAR)(Citation: USDOJ Sandworm Feb 2020)(Citation: NCSC Sandworm Feb 2020)\n\nIn October 2020, the US indicted six GRU Unit 74455 officers associated with [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) for the following cyber operations: the 2015 and 2016 attacks against Ukrainian electrical companies and government organizations, the 2017 worldwide [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) attack, targeting of the 2017 French presidential campaign, the 2018 [Olympic Destroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0365) attack against the Winter Olympic Games, the 2018 operation against the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, and attacks against the country of Georgia in 2018 and 2019.(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020) Some of these were conducted with the assistance of GRU Unit 26165, which is also referred to as [APT28](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0007).(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Oct 2018)",
            "aliases": [
                "Sandworm Team",
                "ELECTRUM",
                "Telebots",
                "IRON VIKING",
                "BlackEnergy (Group)",
                "Quedagh",
                "Voodoo Bear",
                "IRIDIUM",
                "Seashell Blizzard",
                "FROZENBARENTS",
                "APT44"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "4.2",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence",
                "Hakan KARABACAK"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:04.588Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034",
                    "external_id": "G0034"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Voodoo Bear",
                    "description": "(Citation: CrowdStrike VOODOO BEAR)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ELECTRUM",
                    "description": "(Citation: Dragos ELECTRUM)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sandworm Team",
                    "description": "(Citation: iSIGHT Sandworm 2014) (Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014) (Citation: InfoSecurity Sandworm Oct 2014)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Quedagh",
                    "description": "(Citation: iSIGHT Sandworm 2014) (Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FROZENBARENTS",
                    "description": "(Citation: Leonard TAG 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "APT44",
                    "description": "(Citation: mandiant_apt44_unearthing_sandworm)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IRIDIUM",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Prestige ransomware October 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Seashell Blizzard",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "BlackEnergy (Group)",
                    "description": "(Citation: NCSC Sandworm Feb 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Telebots",
                    "description": "(Citation: NCSC Sandworm Feb 2020)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IRON VIKING",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks IRON VIKING )(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Leonard TAG 2023",
                    "description": "Billy Leonard. (2023, April 19). Ukraine remains Russia\u2019s biggest cyber focus in 2023. Retrieved March 1, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://blog.google/threat-analysis-group/ukraine-remains-russias-biggest-cyber-focus-in-2023/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US District Court Indictment GRU Oct 2018",
                    "description": "Brady, S . (2018, October 3). Indictment - United States vs Aleksei Sergeyevich Morenets, et al.. Retrieved October 1, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/page/file/1098481/download"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos ELECTRUM",
                    "description": "Dragos. (2017, January 1). ELECTRUM Threat Profile. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/resource/electrum/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014",
                    "description": "F-Secure Labs. (2014). BlackEnergy & Quedagh: The convergence of crimeware and APT attacks. Retrieved March 24, 2016.",
                    "url": "https://blog-assets.f-secure.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/15163408/BlackEnergy_Quedagh.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "iSIGHT Sandworm 2014",
                    "description": "Hultquist, J.. (2016, January 7). Sandworm Team and the Ukrainian Power Authority Attacks. Retrieved October 6, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2016/01/ukraine-and-sandworm-team.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike VOODOO BEAR",
                    "description": "Meyers, A. (2018, January 19). Meet CrowdStrike\u2019s Adversary of the Month for January: VOODOO BEAR. Retrieved May 22, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-january-voodoo-bear/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Prestige ransomware October 2022",
                    "description": "MSTIC. (2022, October 14). New \u201cPrestige\u201d ransomware impacts organizations in Ukraine and Poland. Retrieved January 19, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/10/14/new-prestige-ransomware-impacts-organizations-in-ukraine-and-poland/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "InfoSecurity Sandworm Oct 2014",
                    "description": "Muncaster, P.. (2014, October 14). Microsoft Zero Day Traced to Russian \u2018Sandworm\u2019 Hackers. Retrieved October 6, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/microsoft-zero-day-traced-russian/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "NCSC Sandworm Feb 2020",
                    "description": "NCSC. (2020, February 20). NCSC supports US advisory regarding GRU intrusion set Sandworm. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/ncsc-supports-sandworm-advisory"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "USDOJ Sandworm Feb 2020",
                    "description": "Pompeo, M. (2020, February 20). The United States Condemns Russian Cyber Attack Against the Country of Georgia. Retrieved September 12, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://2017-2021.state.gov/the-united-states-condemns-russian-cyber-attack-against-the-country-of-georgia/index.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "mandiant_apt44_unearthing_sandworm",
                    "description": "Roncone, G. et al. (n.d.). APT44: Unearthing Sandworm. Retrieved July 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt44-unearthing-sandworm.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020",
                    "description": "Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks IRON VIKING ",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2020, May 1). IRON VIKING Threat Profile. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/iron-viking"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020",
                    "description": "UK NCSC. (2020, October 19). UK exposes series of Russian cyber attacks against Olympic and Paralympic Games . Retrieved November 30, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-exposes-series-of-russian-cyber-attacks-against-olympic-and-paralympic-games"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack",
                "mobile-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2025-03-05T22:12:26.131Z",
            "name": "FrostyGoop Incident",
            "description": "[FrostyGoop Incident](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0041) took place in January 2024 against a municipal district heating company in Ukraine. Following initial access via likely exploitation of external facing services, [FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) was used to manipulate ENCO control systems via legitimate Modbus commands to impact the delivery of heating services to Ukrainian civilians.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)(Citation: Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024)",
            "aliases": [
                "FrostyGoop Incident"
            ],
            "first_seen": "2024-01-01T07:00:00.000Z",
            "last_seen": "2024-01-01T07:00:00.000Z",
            "x_mitre_first_seen_citation": "(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "x_mitre_last_seen_citation": "(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "campaign",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "campaign--1169ff24-b35f-4d8d-8cf3-643a2834227f",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:15:36.728Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0041",
                    "external_id": "C0041"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024",
                    "description": "Nozomi Networks Labs. (2024, July 24). Cyberwarfare Targeting OT: Protecting Against FrostyGoop/BUSTLEBERM Malware. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/protecting-against-frostygoop-bustleberm-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack",
                "enterprise-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "campaign",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "created": "2023-03-31T17:22:23.567Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025",
                    "external_id": "C0025"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Industroyer",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:37:46.567Z",
            "name": "2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack",
            "description": "[2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025) was a [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) campaign during which they used [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) malware to target and disrupt distribution substations within the Ukrainian power grid. This campaign was the second major public attack conducted against Ukraine by [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034).(Citation: ESET Industroyer)(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "aliases": [
                "2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack"
            ],
            "first_seen": "2016-12-01T05:00:00.000Z",
            "last_seen": "2016-12-01T05:00:00.000Z",
            "x_mitre_first_seen_citation": "(Citation: ESET Industroyer)(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "x_mitre_last_seen_citation": "(Citation: ESET Industroyer)(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "campaign",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:01:08.133Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020",
                    "external_id": "C0020"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T21:26:23.900Z",
            "name": "Maroochy Water Breach",
            "description": "[Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020) was an incident in 2000 where an adversary leveraged the local government\u2019s wastewater control system and stolen engineering equipment to disrupt and eventually release 800,000 liters of raw sewage into the local community.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "aliases": [
                "Maroochy Water Breach"
            ],
            "first_seen": "2000-02-01T05:00:00.000Z",
            "last_seen": "2000-04-01T05:00:00.000Z",
            "x_mitre_first_seen_citation": "(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "x_mitre_last_seen_citation": "(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-04-15T19:37:46.084Z",
            "name": "Unitronics Defacement Campaign",
            "description": "The [Unitronics Defacement Campaign](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0031) was a collection of intrusions across multiple sectors by the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027), where threat actors engaged in a seemingly opportunistic and global targeting and defacement of Unitronics Vision Series [Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0003) with [Human-Machine Interface (HMI)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0002). The sectors that these PLCs can be commonly found in are water and wastewater, energy, food and beverage manufacturing, and healthcare. The most notable feature of this attack was the defacement of the PLCs' HMIs.(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)(Citation: Frank Bajak and Marc Levy December 2023)",
            "aliases": [
                "Unitronics Defacement Campaign"
            ],
            "first_seen": "2023-11-01T04:00:00.000Z",
            "last_seen": "2023-11-01T04:00:00.000Z",
            "x_mitre_first_seen_citation": "(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)",
            "x_mitre_last_seen_citation": "(Citation: Lisa Zahner December 2023)",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "campaign",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
            "created": "2024-03-25T19:58:53.090Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0031",
                    "external_id": "C0031"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, December 1). IRGC-Affiliated Cyber Actors Exploit PLCs in Multiple Sectors, Including U.S. Water and Wastewater Systems Facilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-335a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Frank Bajak and Marc Levy December 2023",
                    "description": "Frank Bajak and Marc Levy. (2023, December 2). Breaches by Iran-affiliated hackers spanned multiple U.S. states, federal agencies say. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://apnews.com/article/hackers-iran-israel-water-utilities-critical-infrastructure-cisa-554b2aa969c8220016ab2ef94bd7635b"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Lisa Zahner December 2023",
                    "description": "Lisa Zahner. (2023, December 15). Hackers in Iran attack computer at Vero Utilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://veronews.com/2023/12/15/hackers-in-iran-attack-computer-at-vero-utilities/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--76d59913-1d24-4992-a8ac-05a3eb093f71",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": true,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074",
                    "external_id": "G0074"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DYMALLOY",
                    "description": "(Citation: Dragos DYMALLOY )"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Berserk Bear",
                    "description": "(Citation: Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IRON LIBERTY",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks MCMD July 2019)(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragonfly 2.0",
                    "description": "(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A) (Citation: Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017) (Citation: Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos DYMALLOY ",
                    "description": "Dragos. (n.d.). DYMALLOY. Retrieved August 20, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/threat/dymalloy/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017",
                    "description": "Hackett, R. (2017, September 6). Hackers Have Penetrated Energy Grid, Symantec Warns. Retrieved June 6, 2018.",
                    "url": "http://fortune.com/2017/09/06/hack-energy-grid-symantec/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks MCMD July 2019",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2019, July 24). MCMD Malware Analysis. Retrieved August 13, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/mcmd-malware-analysis"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks IRON LIBERTY",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (n.d.). IRON LIBERTY. Retrieved October 15, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/iron-liberty"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response. (2017, September 6). Dragonfly: Western energy sector targeted by sophisticated attack group. Retrieved September 9, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/dragonfly-western-energy-sector-targeted-sophisticated-attack-group"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US-CERT TA18-074A",
                    "description": "US-CERT. (2018, March 16). Alert (TA18-074A): Russian Government Cyber Activity Targeting Energy and Other Critical Infrastructure Sectors. Retrieved June 6, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA18-074A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T17:59:27.618Z",
            "name": "Dragonfly 2.0",
            "description": "[Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074) is a suspected Russian group that has targeted government entities and multiple U.S. critical infrastructure sectors since at least December 2015. (Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A) (Citation: Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017) There is debate over the extent of overlap between [Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074) and [Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035), but there is sufficient evidence to lead to these being tracked as two separate groups. (Citation: Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017)(Citation: Dragos DYMALLOY )",
            "aliases": [
                "Dragonfly 2.0",
                "IRON LIBERTY",
                "DYMALLOY",
                "Berserk Bear"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--c93fccb1-e8e8-42cf-ae33-2ad1d183913a",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:03.807Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032",
                    "external_id": "G0032"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Labyrinth Chollima",
                    "description": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Labyrinth Chollima Feb 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Diamond Sleet",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ZINC",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft ZINC disruption Dec 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Lazarus Group",
                    "description": "(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "NICKEL ACADEMY",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks NICKEL ACADEMY Dec 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Guardians of Peace",
                    "description": "(Citation: US-CERT HIDDEN COBRA June 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Labyrinth Chollima Feb 2022",
                    "description": "CrowdStrike. (2022, February 1). CrowdStrike Adversary Labyrinth Chollima. Retrieved February 1, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210723190317/https://adversary.crowdstrike.com/en-US/adversary/labyrinth-chollima/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant DPRK Groups 2023",
                    "description": "Michael Barnhart, Austin Larsen, Jeff Johnson, Taylor Long, Michelle Cantos, Adrian Hernandez. (2023, October 10). Assessed Cyber Structure and Alignments of North Korea in 2023. Retrieved August 25, 2025.",
                    "url": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/north-korea-cyber-structure-alignment-2023"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant DPRK Laz Org Breakdown 2022",
                    "description": "Michael Barnhart, Michelle Cantos, Jeffery Johnson, Elias fox, Gary Freas, Dan Scott. (2022, March 23). Not So Lazarus: Mapping DPRK Cyber Threat Groups to Government Organizations. Retrieved September 9, 2025.",
                    "url": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/mapping-dprk-groups-to-government/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Novetta Blockbuster",
                    "description": "Novetta Threat Research Group. (2016, February 24). Operation Blockbuster: Unraveling the Long Thread of the Sony Attack. Retrieved February 25, 2016.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20160226161828/https://www.operationblockbuster.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Operation-Blockbuster-Report.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks NICKEL ACADEMY Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2017, December 15). Media Alert - Secureworks Discovers North Korean Cyber Threat Group, Lazarus, Spearphishing Financial Executives of Cryptocurrency Companies. Retrieved December 27, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/about/press/media-alert-secureworks-discovers-north-korean-cyber-threat-group-lazarus-spearphishing"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft ZINC disruption Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Smith, B. (2017, December 19). Microsoft and Facebook disrupt ZINC malware attack to protect customers and the internet from ongoing cyberthreats. Retrieved December 20, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2017/12/19/microsoft-facebook-disrupt-zinc-malware-attack-protect-customers-internet-ongoing-cyberthreats/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "HIDDEN COBRA",
                    "description": "The U.S. Government refers to malicious cyber activity by the North Korean government as HIDDEN COBRA.(Citation: US-CERT HIDDEN COBRA June 2017)(Citation: US-CERT HOPLIGHT Apr 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Treasury North Korean Cyber Groups September 2019",
                    "description": "US Treasury . (2019, September 13). Treasury Sanctions North Korean State-Sponsored Malicious Cyber Groups. Retrieved September 29, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm774"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US-CERT HIDDEN COBRA June 2017",
                    "description": "US-CERT. (2017, June 13). Alert (TA17-164A) HIDDEN COBRA \u2013 North Korea\u2019s DDoS Botnet Infrastructure. Retrieved July 13, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-164A"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US-CERT HOPLIGHT Apr 2019",
                    "description": "US-CERT. (2019, April 10). MAR-10135536-8 \u2013 North Korean Trojan: HOPLIGHT. Retrieved April 19, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/AR19-100A"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "JPCert Blog Laz Subgroups 2025",
                    "description": "\u4f50\u3005\u6728\u52c7\u4eba Hayato Sasaki. (2025, March 25). Tempted to Classifying APT Actors: Practical Challenges of Attribution in the Case of Lazarus\u2019s Subgroup. Retrieved August 25, 2025.",
                    "url": "https://blogs.jpcert.or.jp/en/2025/03/classifying-lazaruss-subgroup.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T01:29:21.748Z",
            "name": "Lazarus Group",
            "description": "[Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032) is a North Korean state-sponsored cyber threat group attributed to the Reconnaissance General Bureau (RGB). (Citation: US-CERT HIDDEN COBRA June 2017) (Citation: Treasury North Korean Cyber Groups September 2019) [Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032) has been active since at least 2009 and is reportedly responsible for the November 2014 destructive wiper attack on Sony Pictures Entertainment, identified by Novetta as part of Operation Blockbuster. Malware used by [Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032) correlates to other reported campaigns, including Operation Flame, Operation 1Mission, Operation Troy, DarkSeoul, and Ten Days of Rain.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)\n\nNorth Korea\u2019s cyber operations have shown a consistent pattern of adaptation, forming and reorganizing units as national priorities shift. These units frequently share personnel, infrastructure, malware, and tradecraft, making it difficult to attribute specific operations with high confidence. Public reporting often uses \u201cLazarus Group\u201d as an umbrella term for multiple North Korean cyber operators conducting espionage, destructive attacks, and financially motivated campaigns.(Citation: Mandiant DPRK Laz Org Breakdown 2022)(Citation: Mandiant DPRK Groups 2023)(Citation: JPCert Blog Laz Subgroups 2025)\n\n",
            "aliases": [
                "Lazarus Group",
                "Labyrinth Chollima",
                "HIDDEN COBRA",
                "Guardians of Peace",
                "ZINC",
                "NICKEL ACADEMY",
                "Diamond Sleet"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "5.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Kyaw Pyiyt Htet, @KyawPyiytHtet",
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence",
                "MyungUk Han, ASEC",
                "Jun Hirata, NEC Corporation",
                "Manikantan Srinivasan, NEC Corporation India",
                "Pooja Natarajan, NEC Corporation India"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "campaign",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "campaign--65281d3e-b03c-46b8-8cd8-716363ac3cb2",
            "created": "2022-09-20T20:53:14.373Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0009",
                    "external_id": "C0009"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA21-042A Water Treatment Intrusion Feb 2021",
                    "description": "CISA. (2021, February 11). Compromise of U.S. Water Treatment Facility . Retrieved October 18, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa21-042a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Pinellas County Sheriffs Office February 2021",
                    "description": "Pinellas County Sheriffs Office 2021, February 8 Treatment Plant Intrusion Press Conference Retrieved. 2021/10/08 ",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkXDSOgLQ6M"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Oldsmar Feb 2021",
                    "description": "Serino, G., et al . (2021, February 8). Recommendations Following the Oldsmar Water Treatment Facility Cyber Attack. Retrieved October 21, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/blog/industry-news/recommendations-following-the-oldsmar-water-treatment-facility-cyber-attack/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-18T18:00:54.375Z",
            "name": "Oldsmar Treatment Plant Intrusion",
            "description": "[Oldsmar Treatment Plant Intrusion](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0009) was a cyber incident involving a water treatment facility in Florida. During this incident, unidentified threat actors leveraged features of the system to access and modify setpoints for a specific chemical required in the treatment process. The incident was detected immediately and prevented before it could cause any harm to the public.(Citation: Pinellas County Sheriffs Office February 2021)(Citation: CISA AA21-042A Water Treatment Intrusion Feb 2021)(Citation: Dragos Oldsmar Feb 2021)",
            "aliases": [
                "Oldsmar Treatment Plant Intrusion"
            ],
            "first_seen": "2021-02-01T05:00:00.000Z",
            "last_seen": "2021-02-01T05:00:00.000Z",
            "x_mitre_first_seen_citation": "(Citation: Pinellas County Sheriffs Office February 2021)",
            "x_mitre_last_seen_citation": "(Citation: Pinellas County Sheriffs Office February 2021)",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": true,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2025-01-16T18:55:49.463Z",
            "name": "OilRig",
            "description": "[OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049) is a suspected Iranian threat group that has targeted Middle Eastern and international victims since at least 2014. The group has targeted a variety of sectors, including financial, government, energy, chemical, and telecommunications. It appears the group carries out supply chain attacks, leveraging the trust relationship between organizations to attack their primary targets. The group works on behalf of the Iranian government based on infrastructure details that contain references to Iran, use of Iranian infrastructure, and targeting that aligns with nation-state interests.(Citation: FireEye APT34 Dec 2017)(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig April 2017)(Citation: ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017)(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig May 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016)(Citation: Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023)(Citation: Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018)",
            "aliases": [
                "OilRig",
                "COBALT GYPSY",
                "IRN2",
                "APT34",
                "Helix Kitten",
                "Evasive Serpens",
                "Hazel Sandstorm",
                "EUROPIUM",
                "ITG13",
                "Earth Simnavaz",
                "Crambus",
                "TA452"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "5.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Robert Falcone",
                "Bryan Lee",
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence",
                "Jaesang Oh, KC7 Foundation"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049",
                    "external_id": "G0049"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IRN2",
                    "description": "(Citation: Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ITG13",
                    "description": "(Citation: IBM ZeroCleare Wiper December 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Hazel Sandstorm",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "EUROPIUM",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "OilRig",
                    "description": "(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig April 2017) (Citation: ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017) (Citation: Palo Alto OilRig May 2016) (Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016) (Citation: Unit 42 Playbook Dec 2017) (Citation: Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "TA452",
                    "description": "(Citation: Proofpoint Iranian Aligned Attacks JAN 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "COBALT GYPSY",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks COBALT GYPSY Threat Profile)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Crambus",
                    "description": "(Citation: Symantec Crambus OCT 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Earth Simnavaz",
                    "description": "(Citation: Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Helix Kitten",
                    "description": "(Citation: Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018)(Citation: Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Evasive Serpens",
                    "description": "(Citation: Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
                    "description": "Check Point. (2021, April 8). Iran\u2019s APT34 Returns with an Updated Arsenal. Retrieved May 5, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
                    "description": "ClearSky Cybersecurity. (2017, January 5). Iranian Threat Agent OilRig Delivers Digitally Signed Malware, Impersonates University of Oxford. Retrieved May 3, 2017.",
                    "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
                    "description": "Fahmy, M. et al. (2024, October 11). Earth Simnavaz (aka APT34) Levies Advanced Cyberattacks Against Middle East. Retrieved November 27, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
                    "description": "Falcone, R. and Lee, B.. (2016, May 26). The OilRig Campaign: Attacks on Saudi Arabian Organizations Deliver Helminth Backdoor. Retrieved May 3, 2017.",
                    "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig April 2017",
                    "description": "Falcone, R.. (2017, April 27). OilRig Actors Provide a Glimpse into Development and Testing Efforts. Retrieved May 3, 2017.",
                    "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/04/unit42-oilrig-actors-provide-glimpse-development-testing-efforts/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016",
                    "description": "Grunzweig, J. and Falcone, R.. (2016, October 4). OilRig Malware Campaign Updates Toolset and Expands Targets. Retrieved May 3, 2017.",
                    "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/10/unit42-oilrig-malware-campaign-updates-toolset-and-expands-targets/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IBM ZeroCleare Wiper December 2019",
                    "description": "Kessem, L. (2019, December 4). New Destructive Wiper ZeroCleare Targets Energy Sector in the Middle East. Retrieved September 4, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/new-destructive-wiper-zerocleare-targets-energy-sector-in-the-middle-east/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
                    "description": "Lee, B., Falcone, R. (2018, July 25). OilRig Targets Technology Service Provider and Government Agency with QUADAGENT. Retrieved August 9, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018",
                    "description": "Meyers, A. (2018, November 27). Meet CrowdStrike\u2019s Adversary of the Month for November: HELIX KITTEN. Retrieved December 18, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Proofpoint Iranian Aligned Attacks JAN 2020",
                    "description": "Proofpoint. (2020, January 10). Iranian State-Sponsored and Aligned Attacks: What You Need to Know and Steps to Protect Yourself. Retrieved January 16, 2025.",
                    "url": "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/corporate-blog/post/iranian-state-sponsored-and-aligned-attacks-what-you-need-know-and-steps-protect"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Sardiwal, M, et al. (2017, December 7). New Targeted Attack in the Middle East by APT34, a Suspected Iranian Threat Group, Using CVE-2017-11882 Exploit. Retrieved December 20, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks COBALT GYPSY Threat Profile",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (n.d.). COBALT GYPSY Threat Profile. Retrieved April 14, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/cobalt-gypsy"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
                    "description": "Symantec Threat Hunter Team. (2023, October 19). Crambus: New Campaign Targets Middle Eastern Government. Retrieved November 27, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "APT34",
                    "description": "This group was previously tracked under two distinct groups, APT34 and OilRig, but was combined due to additional reporting giving higher confidence about the overlap of the activity.(Citation: Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018)(Citation: FireEye APT34 Dec 2017)(Citation: Check Point APT34 April 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Unit 42 Playbook Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Unit 42. (2017, December 15). Unit 42 Playbook Viewer. Retrieved December 20, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
                    "description": "Unit42. (2016, May 1). Evasive Serpens Unit 42 Playbook Viewer. Retrieved February 6, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-04-10T16:02:48.078Z",
            "name": "2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack",
            "description": "The [2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0034) was a [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) campaign that used a combination of GOGETTER, Neo-REGEORG, [CaddyWiper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0693), and living of the land (LotL) techniques to gain access to a Ukrainian electric utility to send unauthorized commands from their SCADA system.(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)(Citation: Dragos-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022) ",
            "aliases": [
                "2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack"
            ],
            "first_seen": "2022-06-01T04:00:00.000Z",
            "last_seen": "2022-10-01T04:00:00.000Z",
            "x_mitre_first_seen_citation": "(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)",
            "x_mitre_last_seen_citation": "(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "campaign",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "campaign--df8eb785-70f8-4300-b444-277ba849083d",
            "created": "2024-03-27T19:43:25.703Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0034",
                    "external_id": "C0034"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Dragos, Inc.. (2023, December 11). ELECTRUM Targeted Ukrainian Electric Entity Using Custom Tools and CaddyWiper Malware, October 2022. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/blog/new-details-electrum-ukraine-electric-sector-compromise-2022/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Ken Proska, John Wolfram, Jared Wilson, Dan Black, Keith Lunden, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Nathan Brubaker, Tyler Mclellan, Chris Sistrunk. (2023, November 9). Sandworm Disrupts Power in Ukraine Using a Novel Attack Against Operational Technology. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/sandworm-disrupts-power-ukraine-operational-technology"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--3753cc21-2dae-4dfb-8481-d004e74502cc",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:09.460Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0046",
                    "external_id": "G0046"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Carbon Spider",
                    "description": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Carbon Spider August 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FIN7",
                    "description": "(Citation: FireEye FIN7 March 2017) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) (Citation: Morphisec FIN7 June 2017) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 Shim Databases) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 Aug 2018)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ELBRUS",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Ransomware as a Service)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sangria Tempest",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "GOLD NIAGARA",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks GOLD NIAGARA Threat Profile)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant FIN7 Apr 2022",
                    "description": "Abdo, B., et al. (2022, April 4). FIN7 Power Hour: Adversary Archaeology and the Evolution of FIN7. Retrieved April 5, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/evolution-of-fin7"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye CARBANAK June 2017",
                    "description": "Bennett, J., Vengerik, B. (2017, June 12). Behind the CARBANAK Backdoor. Retrieved June 11, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/06/behind-the-carbanak-backdoor.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "BiZone Lizar May 2021",
                    "description": "BI.ZONE Cyber Threats Research Team. (2021, May 13). From pentest to APT attack: cybercriminal group FIN7 disguises its malware as an ethical hacker\u2019s toolkit. Retrieved February 2, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://bi-zone.medium.com/from-pentest-to-apt-attack-cybercriminal-group-fin7-disguises-its-malware-as-an-ethical-hackers-c23c9a75e319"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN7 April 2017",
                    "description": "Carr, N., et al. (2017, April 24). FIN7 Evolution and the Phishing LNK. Retrieved April 24, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/04/fin7-phishing-lnk.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN7 Aug 2018",
                    "description": "Carr, N., et al. (2018, August 01). On the Hunt for FIN7: Pursuing an Enigmatic and Evasive Global Criminal Operation. Retrieved August 23, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/08/fin7-pursuing-an-enigmatic-and-evasive-global-criminal-operation.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks GOLD NIAGARA Threat Profile",
                    "description": "CTU. (n.d.). GOLD NIAGARA. Retrieved September 21, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/gold-niagara"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN7 Shim Databases",
                    "description": "Erickson, J., McWhirt, M., Palombo, D. (2017, May 3). To SDB, Or Not To SDB: FIN7 Leveraging Shim Databases for Persistence. Retrieved July 18, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/05/fin7-shim-databases-persistence.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Morphisec FIN7 June 2017",
                    "description": "Gorelik, M.. (2017, June 9). FIN7 Takes Another Bite at the Restaurant Industry. Retrieved July 13, 2017.",
                    "url": "http://blog.morphisec.com/fin7-attacks-restaurant-industry"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ITG14",
                    "description": "ITG14 shares campaign overlap with [FIN7](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0046).(Citation: IBM Ransomware Trends September 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Carbon Spider August 2021",
                    "description": "Loui, E. and Reynolds, J. (2021, August 30). CARBON SPIDER Embraces Big Game Hunting, Part 1. Retrieved September 20, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/carbon-spider-embraces-big-game-hunting-part-1/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Ransomware as a Service",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2022, May 9). Ransomware as a service: Understanding the cybercrime gig economy and how to protect yourself. Retrieved March 10, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/05/09/ransomware-as-a-service-understanding-the-cybercrime-gig-economy-and-how-to-protect-yourself/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN7 March 2017",
                    "description": "Miller, S., et al. (2017, March 7). FIN7 Spear Phishing Campaign Targets Personnel Involved in SEC Filings. Retrieved March 8, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20180808125108/https:/www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/03/fin7_spear_phishing.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IBM Ransomware Trends September 2020",
                    "description": "Singleton, C. and Kiefer, C. (2020, September 28). Ransomware 2020: Attack Trends Affecting Organizations Worldwide. Retrieved September 20, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/ransomware-2020-attack-trends-new-techniques-affecting-organizations-worldwide/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-24T03:18:58.136Z",
            "name": "FIN7",
            "description": "[FIN7](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0046) is a financially-motivated threat group that has been active since 2013. [FIN7](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0046) has targeted the retail, restaurant, hospitality, software, consulting, financial services, medical equipment, cloud services, media, food and beverage, transportation, pharmaceutical, and utilities industries in the United States. A portion of [FIN7](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0046) was operated out of a front company called Combi Security and often used point-of-sale malware for targeting efforts. Since 2020, [FIN7](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0046) shifted operations to big game hunting (BGH), including use of [REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) ransomware and their own Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS), Darkside. FIN7 may be linked to the [Carbanak](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0008) Group, but multiple threat groups have been observed using [Carbanak](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0030), leading these groups to be tracked separately.(Citation: FireEye FIN7 March 2017)(Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017)(Citation: FireEye CARBANAK June 2017)(Citation: FireEye FIN7 Aug 2018)(Citation: CrowdStrike Carbon Spider August 2021)(Citation: Mandiant FIN7 Apr 2022)(Citation: BiZone Lizar May 2021)",
            "aliases": [
                "FIN7",
                "GOLD NIAGARA",
                "ITG14",
                "Carbon Spider",
                "ELBRUS",
                "Sangria Tempest"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "4.1",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Edward Millington",
                "Eric Loui, CrowdStrike Intelligence",
                "Serhii Melnyk, Trustwave SpiderLabs"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2025-03-12T20:33:21.597Z",
            "name": "Wizard Spider",
            "description": "[Wizard Spider](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0102) is a Russia-based financially motivated threat group originally known for the creation and deployment of [TrickBot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0266) since at least 2016. [Wizard Spider](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0102) possesses a diverse arsenal of tools and has conducted ransomware campaigns against a variety of organizations, ranging from major corporations to hospitals.(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019)(Citation: DHS/CISA Ransomware Targeting Healthcare October 2020)(Citation: CrowdStrike Wizard Spider October 2020)",
            "aliases": [
                "Wizard Spider",
                "UNC1878",
                "TEMP.MixMaster",
                "Grim Spider",
                "FIN12",
                "GOLD BLACKBURN",
                "ITG23",
                "Periwinkle Tempest",
                "DEV-0193"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "4.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Edward Millington",
                "Oleksiy Gayda"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--dd2d9ca6-505b-4860-a604-233685b802c7",
            "created": "2020-05-12T18:15:29.396Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0102",
                    "external_id": "G0102"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Grim Spider",
                    "description": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019)(Citation: CrowdStrike Grim Spider May 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "UNC1878",
                    "description": "(Citation: FireEye KEGTAP SINGLEMALT October 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "TEMP.MixMaster",
                    "description": "(Citation: FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ITG23",
                    "description": "(Citation: IBM X-Force ITG23 Oct 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FIN12",
                    "description": "(Citation: Mandiant FIN12 Oct 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Periwinkle Tempest",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DEV-0193",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "GOLD BLACKBURN",
                    "description": "(Citation: Secureworks Gold Blackburn Mar 2022)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS/CISA Ransomware Targeting Healthcare October 2020",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2020, October 28). Ransomware Activity Targeting the Healthcare and Public Health Sector. Retrieved October 28, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-302a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019",
                    "description": "Goody, K., et al (2019, January 11). A Nasty Trick: From Credential Theft Malware to Business Disruption. Retrieved May 12, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/01/a-nasty-trick-from-credential-theft-malware-to-business-disruption.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019",
                    "description": "Hanel, A. (2019, January 10). Big Game Hunting with Ryuk: Another Lucrative Targeted Ransomware. Retrieved May 12, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/big-game-hunting-with-ryuk-another-lucrative-targeted-ransomware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Grim Spider May 2019",
                    "description": "John, E. and Carvey, H. (2019, May 30). Unraveling the Spiderweb: Timelining ATT&CK Artifacts Used by GRIM SPIDER. Retrieved May 12, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/timelining-grim-spiders-big-game-hunting-tactics/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye KEGTAP SINGLEMALT October 2020",
                    "description": "Kimberly Goody, Jeremy Kennelly, Joshua Shilko, Steve Elovitz, Douglas Bienstock. (2020, October 28). Unhappy Hour Special: KEGTAP and SINGLEMALT With a Ransomware Chaser. Retrieved October 28, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/10/kegtap-and-singlemalt-with-a-ransomware-chaser.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Wizard Spider October 2020",
                    "description": "Podlosky, A., Hanel, A. et al. (2020, October 16). WIZARD SPIDER Update: Resilient, Reactive and Resolute. Retrieved June 15, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/wizard-spider-adversary-update/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks Gold Blackburn Mar 2022",
                    "description": "Secureworks Counter Threat Unit. (2022, March 1). Gold Blackburn Threat Profile. Retrieved June 15, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/gold-blackburn"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant FIN12 Oct 2021",
                    "description": "Shilko, J., et al. (2021, October 7). FIN12: The Prolific Ransomware Intrusion Threat Actor That Has Aggressively Pursued Healthcare Targets. Retrieved June 15, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/sites/default/files/2021-10/fin12-group-profile.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IBM X-Force ITG23 Oct 2021",
                    "description": "Villadsen, O., et al. (2021, October 13). Trickbot Rising - Gang Doubles Down on Infection Efforts to Amass Network Footholds. Retrieved June 15, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/trickbot-gang-doubles-down-enterprise-infection/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-04-17T16:13:43.697Z",
            "name": "TEMP.Veles",
            "description": "[TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) is a Russia-based threat group that has targeted critical infrastructure. The group has been observed utilizing [TRITON](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0609), a malware framework designed to manipulate industrial safety systems.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2019)(Citation: FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018)(Citation: FireEye TEMP.Veles JSON April 2019)",
            "aliases": [
                "TEMP.Veles",
                "XENOTIME"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.4",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Dragos Threat Intelligence"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--9538b1a4-4120-4e2d-bf59-3b11fcab05a4",
            "created": "2019-04-16T15:14:38.533Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088",
                    "external_id": "G0088"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "TEMP.Veles",
                    "description": "(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Xenotime 2018",
                    "description": "Dragos, Inc.. (n.d.). Xenotime. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/resource/xenotime/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018",
                    "description": "FireEye Intelligence . (2018, October 23). TRITON Attribution: Russian Government-Owned Lab Most Likely Built Custom Intrusion Tools for TRITON Attackers. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/10/triton-attribution-russian-government-owned-lab-most-likely-built-tools.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON 2019",
                    "description": "Miller, S, et al. (2019, April 10). TRITON Actor TTP Profile, Custom Attack Tools, Detections, and ATT&CK Mapping. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/04/triton-actor-ttp-profile-custom-attack-tools-detections.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TEMP.Veles JSON April 2019",
                    "description": "Miller, S., et al. (2019, April 10). TRITON Appendix C. Retrieved April 29, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/blog/files/TRITON_Appendix_C.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Pylos Xenotime 2019",
                    "description": "Slowik, J.. (2019, April 12). A XENOTIME to Remember: Veles in the Wild. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://pylos.co/2019/04/12/a-xenotime-to-remember-veles-in-the-wild/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "XENOTIME",
                    "description": "The activity group XENOTIME, as defined by Dragos, has overlaps with activity reported upon by FireEye about TEMP.Veles as well as the actors behind [TRITON](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0609).(Citation: Dragos Xenotime 2018)(Citation: Pylos Xenotime 2019)(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2019)(Citation: FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018)"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-11-17T14:59:25.749Z",
            "name": "FIN6",
            "description": "[FIN6](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0037) is a cyber crime group that has stolen payment card data and sold it for profit on underground marketplaces. This group has aggressively targeted and compromised point of sale (PoS) systems in the hospitality and retail sectors.(Citation: FireEye FIN6 April 2016)(Citation: FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019)",
            "aliases": [
                "FIN6",
                "Magecart Group 6",
                "ITG08",
                "Skeleton Spider",
                "TAAL",
                "Camouflage Tempest"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "4.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Center for Threat-Informed Defense (CTID)",
                "Drew Church, Splunk"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--2a7914cf-dff3-428d-ab0f-1014d1c28aeb",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:32:06.015Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0037",
                    "external_id": "G0037"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Skeleton Spider",
                    "description": "(Citation: Crowdstrike Global Threat Report Feb 2018)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FIN6",
                    "description": "(Citation: FireEye FIN6 April 2016)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "TAAL",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Camouflage Tempest",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Magecart Group 6",
                    "description": "(Citation: Security Intelligence ITG08 April 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ITG08",
                    "description": "(Citation: Security Intelligence More Eggs Aug 2019)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Crowdstrike Global Threat Report Feb 2018",
                    "description": "CrowdStrike. (2018, February 26). CrowdStrike 2018 Global Threat Report. Retrieved October 10, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://crowdstrike.lookbookhq.com/global-threat-report-2018-web/cs-2018-global-threat-report"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN6 April 2016",
                    "description": "FireEye Threat Intelligence. (2016, April). Follow the Money: Dissecting the Operations of the Cyber Crime Group FIN6. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190807112824/https://www2.fireeye.com/rs/848-DID-242/images/rpt-fin6.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019",
                    "description": "McKeague, B. et al. (2019, April 5). Pick-Six: Intercepting a FIN6 Intrusion, an Actor Recently Tied to Ryuk and LockerGoga Ransomware. Retrieved April 17, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/04/pick-six-intercepting-a-fin6-intrusion.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Security Intelligence ITG08 April 2020",
                    "description": "Villadsen, O. (2020, April 7). ITG08 (aka FIN6) Partners With TrickBot Gang, Uses Anchor Framework. Retrieved October 8, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/itg08-aka-fin6-partners-with-trickbot-gang-uses-anchor-framework/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Security Intelligence More Eggs Aug 2019",
                    "description": "Villadsen, O.. (2019, August 29). More_eggs, Anyone? Threat Actor ITG08 Strikes Again. Retrieved September 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/more_eggs-anyone-threat-actor-itg08-strikes-again/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--c77c5576-ca19-42ed-a36f-4b4486a84133",
            "created": "2020-09-22T19:41:27.845Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0115",
                    "external_id": "G0115"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Pinchy Spider",
                    "description": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Evolution of Pinchy Spider July 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks REvil September 2019",
                    "description": "Counter Threat Unit Research Team. (2019, September 24). REvil/Sodinokibi Ransomware. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/revil-sodinokibi-ransomware"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Evolution of Pinchy Spider July 2021",
                    "description": "Meyers, Adam. (2021, July 6). The Evolution of PINCHY SPIDER from GandCrab to REvil. Retrieved March 28, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/the-evolution-of-revil-ransomware-and-pinchy-spider/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks GandCrab and REvil September 2019",
                    "description": "Secureworks . (2019, September 24). REvil: The GandCrab Connection. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/blog/revil-the-gandcrab-connection"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks GOLD SOUTHFIELD",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (n.d.). GOLD SOUTHFIELD. Retrieved October 6, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/gold-southfield"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T20:37:38.397Z",
            "name": "GOLD SOUTHFIELD",
            "description": "[GOLD SOUTHFIELD](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0115) is a financially motivated threat group active since at least 2018 that operates the [REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) Ransomware-as-a Service (RaaS). [GOLD SOUTHFIELD](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0115) provides backend infrastructure for affiliates recruited on underground forums to perpetrate high value deployments. By early 2020, [GOLD SOUTHFIELD](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0115) started capitalizing on the new trend of stealing data and further extorting the victim to pay for their data to not get publicly leaked.(Citation: Secureworks REvil September 2019)(Citation: Secureworks GandCrab and REvil September 2019)(Citation: Secureworks GOLD SOUTHFIELD)(Citation: CrowdStrike Evolution of Pinchy Spider July 2021)",
            "aliases": [
                "GOLD SOUTHFIELD",
                "Pinchy Spider"
            ],
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "2.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Thijn Bukkems, Amazon"
            ]
        },
        {
            "modified": "2025-01-22T21:54:11.727Z",
            "name": "APT38",
            "description": "[APT38](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0082) is a North Korean state-sponsored threat group that specializes in financial cyber operations; it has been attributed to the Reconnaissance General Bureau.(Citation: CISA AA20-239A BeagleBoyz August 2020) Active since at least 2014, [APT38](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0082) has targeted banks, financial institutions, casinos, cryptocurrency exchanges, SWIFT system endpoints, and ATMs in at least 38 countries worldwide. Significant operations include the 2016 Bank of Bangladesh heist, during which [APT38](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0082) stole $81 million, as well as attacks against Bancomext (Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018) and Banco de Chile (Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018); some of their attacks have been destructive.(Citation: CISA AA20-239A BeagleBoyz August 2020)(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ North Korea Indictment Feb 2021)(Citation: Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017)\n\nNorth Korean group definitions are known to have significant overlap, and some security researchers report all North Korean state-sponsored cyber activity under the name [Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032) instead of tracking clusters or subgroups.",
            "aliases": [
                "APT38",
                "NICKEL GLADSTONE",
                "BeagleBoyz",
                "Bluenoroff",
                "Stardust Chollima",
                "Sapphire Sleet",
                "COPERNICIUM"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "3.1",
            "x_mitre_contributors": [
                "Hiroki Nagahama, NEC Corporation",
                "Manikantan Srinivasan, NEC Corporation India",
                "Pooja Natarajan, NEC Corporation India"
            ],
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--00f67a77-86a4-4adf-be26-1a54fc713340",
            "created": "2019-01-29T21:27:24.793Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0082",
                    "external_id": "G0082"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "BeagleBoyz",
                    "description": "(Citation: CISA AA20-239A BeagleBoyz August 2020)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Stardust Chollima",
                    "description": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Stardust Chollima Profile April 2018)(Citation: CrowdStrike GTR 2021 June 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "APT38",
                    "description": "(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Bluenoroff",
                    "description": "(Citation: Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sapphire Sleet",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "COPERNICIUM",
                    "description": "(Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "NICKEL GLADSTONE",
                    "description": "(Citation: SecureWorks NICKEL GLADSTONE profile Sept 2021)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike GTR 2021 June 2021",
                    "description": "CrowdStrike. (2021, June 7). CrowdStrike 2021 Global Threat Report. Retrieved September 29, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2021GTR.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DOJ North Korea Indictment Feb 2021",
                    "description": "Department of Justice. (2021, February 17). Three North Korean Military Hackers Indicted in Wide-Ranging Scheme to Commit Cyberattacks and Financial Crimes Across the Globe. Retrieved June 9, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/three-north-korean-military-hackers-indicted-wide-ranging-scheme-commit-cyberattacks-and"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA20-239A BeagleBoyz August 2020",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2020, August 26). FASTCash 2.0: North Korea's BeagleBoyz Robbing Banks. Retrieved September 29, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-239a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye APT38 Oct 2018",
                    "description": "FireEye. (2018, October 03). APT38: Un-usual Suspects. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/sites/default/files/2021-09/rpt-apt38-2018-web_v5-1.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017",
                    "description": "GReAT. (2017, April 3). Lazarus Under the Hood. Retrieved April 17, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://securelist.com/lazarus-under-the-hood/77908/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Stardust Chollima Profile April 2018",
                    "description": "Meyers, Adam. (2018, April 6). Meet CrowdStrike\u2019s Adversary of the Month for April: STARDUST CHOLLIMA. Retrieved September 29, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-april-stardust-chollima/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
                    "description": "Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SecureWorks NICKEL GLADSTONE profile Sept 2021",
                    "description": "SecureWorks. (2021, September 29). NICKEL GLADSTONE Threat Profile. Retrieved September 29, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/nickel-gladstone"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "enterprise-attack",
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--0f2e4927-401d-430e-96ed-90feb8df1b03",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0738",
                    "external_id": "DET0738"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Exploitation for Privilege Escalation",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--b6fb91d0-28f6-447d-ba25-e7b26116ebfe"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--a366d027-d797-4957-949a-870aed0766dd",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0754",
                    "external_id": "DET0754"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Data from Information Repositories",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--1672d2e3-8756-4380-b22c-517aa9f1cce0"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--edf989d8-7e25-4ed2-b289-a55dee68a75e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0758",
                    "external_id": "DET0758"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Data Destruction",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--f666f516-f8d0-41f6-9a4c-0ac6c1f6086b"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--cb273244-c117-4e32-afc7-f72f4e44e179",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0733",
                    "external_id": "DET0733"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Replication Through Removable Media",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--9ad83be0-5c88-4fb6-b59d-19db21176923"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--2a1619a7-dd27-48e4-b56f-806cb3d2e405",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0784",
                    "external_id": "DET0784"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Block Command Message",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--11a350cf-1ea0-4065-877b-c3bb410bf3a0"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--709e05b2-6400-43a2-9bbf-b64f6017b023",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0752",
                    "external_id": "DET0752"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Program Download",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--b74100d1-0085-468a-834a-2bf10924a3b7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ec442b22-3dc8-4b2b-8294-b76b0f01d748",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0739",
                    "external_id": "DET0739"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Remote System Discovery",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--322ac45b-d540-4d2a-84a1-cde200238b95"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b817139c-2941-4523-bfb5-10c36d230871",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0781",
                    "external_id": "DET0781"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Spearphishing Attachment",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--5610211c-1458-4333-8640-384189d9318e"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--7f32731d-7800-483c-b077-c4a187a27ae5",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0726",
                    "external_id": "DET0726"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Wireless Compromise",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--2388dc31-ba9a-4c12-b4b9-28bbc981c73e"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--37b4971d-2eb8-4f87-899c-19acaf0394bb",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0778",
                    "external_id": "DET0778"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Loss of Control",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--cbf791b4-5186-4205-ac5a-a56042aaebec"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--732d2487-3241-4866-8bb5-044bb4acdd3b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0799",
                    "external_id": "DET0799"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Standard Application Layer Protocol",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--d271c7fc-d76a-4fb0-a645-5db2c1223a32"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--eabde43f-1872-499d-9642-85a6959c4d28",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0791",
                    "external_id": "DET0791"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of User Execution",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--d937e4b8-20f2-44c1-9940-48c74318c715"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--33dd1c37-1702-4de2-9712-fcc640e4b681",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0736",
                    "external_id": "DET0736"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Commonly Used Port",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--981b659b-992a-4d71-9404-0e1b2b598e50"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--04bcf663-e6cd-42bf-8864-f4d1ad345263",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0780",
                    "external_id": "DET0780"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Rootkit",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--ec695157-8c3c-439b-9925-459c9d4172f0"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ae24274b-0e20-451e-a883-6eeb0e8e7d00",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0747",
                    "external_id": "DET0747"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Manipulation of Control",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--383a1a1c-8ecf-4909-9237-14a1f4fc4179"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3e884c49-75ca-449e-83cb-3517ee88e0f1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0751",
                    "external_id": "DET0751"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Screen Capture",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--66070162-d51e-46e7-8d32-2140fd5e7086"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--08c090e3-c56f-4a8b-80f6-307a1daf46ea",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0723",
                    "external_id": "DET0723"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Denial of Service",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--cff25f71-859e-48bf-88d6-852d05e22b33"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--47c6f72c-1f2f-4ea8-94d0-08202b7d5bdb",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0785",
                    "external_id": "DET0785"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Manipulation of View",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--d71e98fa-64d1-4ddb-acb1-bba1e4af6a73"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ffeac6e1-798f-41b1-8baf-2650d2ebe031",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0724",
                    "external_id": "DET0724"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Valid Accounts",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--ddfcd948-3526-4241-a12f-d7bf63468e40"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--336b9423-5543-4354-bd00-13c614ccdc96",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0771",
                    "external_id": "DET0771"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Change Credential",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--d3023733-5874-4746-a947-65925514e382"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--4ea060f9-f6fc-4122-9544-70afd567ea10",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0797",
                    "external_id": "DET0797"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Block Serial COM",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--354b93da-06e9-4634-a5fd-7f9b7b3a9d5a"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c94af5cb-61c3-4180-81e7-30c1669f4252",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0774",
                    "external_id": "DET0774"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of I/O Image",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--c40ddd75-f2fc-4899-bda1-bff164c96622"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ad675d25-2829-48e5-8475-28f1ed5d813a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0773",
                    "external_id": "DET0773"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Manipulate I/O Image",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--7841eb6b-8a05-4754-b738-a475bfbb89fb"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b6a6d95c-e3b5-438d-a095-3fb0859c8f45",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0764",
                    "external_id": "DET0764"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Adversary-in-the-Middle",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--afc9e394-147e-49db-81df-953d2d3ea93e"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--05f7d4e4-ae99-4339-b71a-59f1e317dc6d",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0789",
                    "external_id": "DET0789"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Block Reporting Message",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--393d7e7b-0790-49e7-9bcd-87ab4662b05e"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--67c2be08-d31a-4385-a637-9d1a907c7a26",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0767",
                    "external_id": "DET0767"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Exploitation of Remote Services",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--3e456d4d-397d-4e04-9261-9399960c9633"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--09f46edf-33f9-4c23-af2f-74864c27f616",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0731",
                    "external_id": "DET0731"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of System Firmware",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--3f10ffe9-fa73-4aeb-bf98-322831bf757f"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--13412b71-b94e-4aef-912a-44853f8bff05",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0769",
                    "external_id": "DET0769"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Denial of View",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--68073351-4e4f-40e4-9394-a9166bb346d7"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--a995ba7c-c2c2-4d74-a3da-74e5a192099b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0763",
                    "external_id": "DET0763"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Loss of View",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--1e9c5d46-14e2-4efc-8861-e6dc942b3b9c"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--6f921aa8-deb3-4286-8101-26a7cbe80c0e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0761",
                    "external_id": "DET0761"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Program Upload",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--3c6a21cb-8643-41bc-94a1-e860b02a1cad"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--bbb288c7-9e40-46bd-b0a1-db4cfef4e1ee",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0743",
                    "external_id": "DET0743"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Wireless Sniffing",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--c14544a4-5ca1-4523-97eb-4a9840d74c6d"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--d8cb1dd3-8bf2-48e7-99db-473481b823a8",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0794",
                    "external_id": "DET0794"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Unauthorized Command Message",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--23eb2bc3-735d-4425-96e1-f9d3a1453bfa"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--5604323b-6e7a-4801-91ae-4bf591f2e3ac",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0788",
                    "external_id": "DET0788"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Point & Tag Identification",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--484023ea-6fea-4f91-b40d-c6d87188cbfe"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f9b7143b-ce86-4cfb-a03a-f39c01904fb1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0762",
                    "external_id": "DET0762"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Damage to Property",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--636e612f-0b63-44e8-bf2c-31b62d20508b"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--68ba94ab-78b8-43e7-83e2-aed3466882c6",
            "created": "2018-01-16T16:13:52.465Z",
            "revoked": true,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0057",
                    "external_id": "G0057"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-25T14:40:07.627Z",
            "name": "APT34",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--9ad17e7a-5920-42ac-9bf4-545b99162640",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0792",
                    "external_id": "DET0792"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Rogue Master",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--37d989e6-14cd-49a4-adec-3d8b72c8dc22"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e9f6c9ad-7368-43e3-9ba1-c9261323a1d1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0803",
                    "external_id": "DET0803"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of External Remote Services",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--908fe88b-d8e2-47d1-b6a4-7a42b3bbe09b"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f9ea25e7-6e63-4ef1-a8ad-47a4a261e175",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0735",
                    "external_id": "DET0735"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Scripting",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--302a5327-70cf-44b5-b592-ce9a62014dcc"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f4f3b9a6-2de0-45a5-8936-2ad9288191b9",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0800",
                    "external_id": "DET0800"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Network Sniffing",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--28eb77c1-1834-4b7a-a06f-afebb7f2e756"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--636329e6-32b9-4a71-acf8-ae6d01a6b4ef",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0787",
                    "external_id": "DET0787"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Remote System Information Discovery",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--f123f13f-b6f4-4e86-96cd-14df0e855e0f"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--825106d1-6f44-47a1-b8dd-c3e3b6cecab7",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0777",
                    "external_id": "DET0777"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Modify Alarm Settings",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--330166da-bc80-4aca-bd41-cbd6b1742812"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fddbd892-faa2-40e1-b40d-2c6e33c00f14",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0755",
                    "external_id": "DET0755"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Change Operating Mode",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--78615cd7-6a14-4921-aaa9-2aae0774f0f1"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--74b96bd4-dab9-494e-a540-b7c998581fd5",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0804",
                    "external_id": "DET0804"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Remote Services",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--058d856a-6356-402f-b3ff-a7c1b6186921"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--09754c36-7be2-4536-aad2-a6c3568ba0e5",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0766",
                    "external_id": "DET0766"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Project File Infection",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--6e046c4c-6c93-4fdf-a69e-5d81b52d1e9c"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--2145faf1-28da-4ebc-9730-f2e2a8764ced",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0732",
                    "external_id": "DET0732"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Theft of Operational Information",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--cd4c92f9-3107-45c7-9d95-19a44d7dc92c"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--de675cf4-144e-485c-a761-c72ebcb9e2bc",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0798",
                    "external_id": "DET0798"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Hardcoded Credentials",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--b337bf06-d69b-41e0-8e60-8f24cb718998"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--89e95503-b02c-43da-90b3-15584b27e6d6",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0782",
                    "external_id": "DET0782"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Drive-by Compromise",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--32db74f9-d46d-4728-891a-113a8b8e2b07"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--519082ce-24ab-4f6b-9e86-b9443758c9d4",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0793",
                    "external_id": "DET0793"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of System Binary Proxy Execution",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--23ce0ac3-6afe-4647-be72-e1e9bcd1490e"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--442bf059-f7cf-460b-8200-f35e1e0a0c78",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0734",
                    "external_id": "DET0734"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Automated Collection",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--e25ef816-bbfd-4656-8ecb-c7eebcba31d4"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "modified": "2024-04-10T18:39:36.997Z",
            "name": "CyberAv3ngers",
            "description": "The [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) are a suspected Iranian Government Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)-affiliated APT group. The [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) have been known to be active since at least 2020, with disputed and false claims of critical infrastructure compromises in Israel.(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)\n\nIn 2023, the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) engaged in a global targeting and hacking of the Unitronics [Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0003) with [Human-Machine Interface (HMI)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0002). This PLC can be found in multiple sectors, including water and wastewater, energy, food and beverage manufacturing, and healthcare. The most notable feature of this attack was the defacement of the devices user interface.(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)",
            "aliases": [
                "CyberAv3ngers",
                "Soldiers of Soloman"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "type": "intrusion-set",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "intrusion-set--a07a367a-146c-45a8-a830-d3d337b9befa",
            "created": "2024-03-25T19:57:07.829Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027",
                    "external_id": "G1027"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Soldiers of Soloman",
                    "description": "CyberAv3ngers reportedly has connections to the IRGC-linked group Soldiers of Solomon.(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, December 1). IRGC-Affiliated Cyber Actors Exploit PLCs in Multiple Sectors, Including U.S. Water and Wastewater Systems Facilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-335a"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5"
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--58b4bda4-d69a-4a20-ab67-308c4451a5e8",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0730",
                    "external_id": "DET0730"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Supply Chain Compromise",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--899d0dce-64f7-4924-93a1-8e3c83dd510f"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f1a7e304-d05f-4e48-89b7-8b034f507c32",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0742",
                    "external_id": "DET0742"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Execution through API",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--e8f51c53-fc55-441b-a45f-ba7709ccbce2"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--930b268b-abf0-485f-9854-60c1cfdd2d33",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0748",
                    "external_id": "DET0748"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Autorun Image",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--441ded70-7e25-47f1-b55c-0fafb7d4f44c",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0770",
                    "external_id": "DET0770"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Network Connection Enumeration",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--7aa60595-5a1c-4de2-be60-cc1f9fea2313"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c0e6c96d-8605-407a-9bce-628e7853b07f",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0746",
                    "external_id": "DET0746"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Spoof Reporting Message",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--32bfb2ab-2ad1-4c00-8428-96bc626c34f3"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b25c4621-5d38-43ee-871e-0e5c02f2f48c",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0765",
                    "external_id": "DET0765"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Service Stop",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--6b3b3e92-bef7-4977-9895-29036bab29f1"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--887ae691-a519-4b68-af26-bcea1483cef7",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0759",
                    "external_id": "DET0759"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Connection Proxy",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--ece52da2-ac60-4b0e-863f-ebbc95118a8c"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--d9469edc-7e55-41bc-8b17-a8db9fc6302e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0729",
                    "external_id": "DET0729"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Loss of Availability",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--8428e0cd-009e-41c1-8292-88651d4486c9"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--442e5dcf-7f41-4ba5-ba89-aefb0d1c63cf",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0776",
                    "external_id": "DET0776"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Modify Parameter",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--48d2023b-469d-4f9f-a4e6-010be72436b9"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fb0931d5-8eb9-4db2-a2a4-447c32b29bd4",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0779",
                    "external_id": "DET0779"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Loss of Safety",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--8c77f31f-c6f4-491c-965a-e25c506b0c68"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c7aea5e8-cd8b-4f79-be41-3a446cdde7b7",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0796",
                    "external_id": "DET0796"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Internet Accessible Device",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--87f5d864-d79b-474a-a3b4-43673dcb9f90"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--194cb4dd-81ca-4e64-94e2-911fab1219f9",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0801",
                    "external_id": "DET0801"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Device Restart/Shutdown",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--fcfe9c48-3a5a-49c8-96c3-be79414a8419"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b04e83cc-8ace-4880-8953-7ce55eb8c427",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0756",
                    "external_id": "DET0756"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Default Credentials",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--f12aa823-91cc-40e1-93b7-eaa5f5fa9c4d"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--06443942-ba28-4d13-b4b4-93317d6eafa5",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0725",
                    "external_id": "DET0725"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Masquerading",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--791310ad-7db5-41df-9fa5-fa4097d8a51d"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c7737640-99e8-4efb-90ee-39332b623b33",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0757",
                    "external_id": "DET0757"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Loss of Productivity and Revenue",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--89ca8617-20fd-404b-9afb-dcfd2684a791"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--5ba60cf7-738d-4ed4-827c-8c763ad9f0f0",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0753",
                    "external_id": "DET0753"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Native API",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--aebd2848-98db-46f1-8e22-627e2ec3c280"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c0abb110-c80e-4d6a-9f27-f2783f8bbfec",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0760",
                    "external_id": "DET0760"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Command-Line Interface",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--7107739b-92d2-41fa-9fc8-ebe72f6086ee"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--62587e44-0623-4b14-bd45-126430eaed4a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0745",
                    "external_id": "DET0745"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Lateral Tool Transfer",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--930aae7c-e8f0-4594-8e3f-f0e71d7e1640"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e6bc5359-4bd4-4688-9136-ac7a6b561f56",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0768",
                    "external_id": "DET0768"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Detect Operating Mode",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--899d41e8-8d02-45f9-ab8a-3a06f4cc4189"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--60a55b7b-29a5-437e-83a7-edbe6f3c4415",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0727",
                    "external_id": "DET0727"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Monitor Process State",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--1be515a0-2656-4b35-a561-e8157169350d"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--97914ffd-b189-415e-9309-e63e3be01b1e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0795",
                    "external_id": "DET0795"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Exploitation for Evasion",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--fbd4686e-f637-459b-ad48-c6fd7840acfa"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--9f3df5ac-caa0-4189-9b9b-dcf2f6bbdc54",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0722",
                    "external_id": "DET0722"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Hooking",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--05ca4f07-df4f-4e88-b216-f40ca6ce39b8"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--8ae936b6-b635-4104-bd11-81c18d90cf97",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0744",
                    "external_id": "DET0744"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Transient Cyber Asset",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--9127dd4e-0994-442f-8d73-b6b2dfb1f9ac"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fe11c904-752f-40e2-b269-c53bbb29541a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0741",
                    "external_id": "DET0741"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Modify Controller Tasking",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--2195ec67-7cea-4b0d-a678-18384089bf2c"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--6d2ba563-0aa9-4f64-a14d-da62b694b495",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0802",
                    "external_id": "DET0802"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Activate Firmware Update Mode",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--96e7b86f-b960-489c-882b-9dcdb1c44aa9"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--1bae319f-03d8-49c9-8bb8-e4f27bb69a11",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0786",
                    "external_id": "DET0786"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Denial of Control",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--7ec4b791-7054-442f-8967-6d6fa5e8678b"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e8b537e6-04eb-4168-a206-88cc041edf50",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0750",
                    "external_id": "DET0750"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Indicator Removal on Host",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--55544bb8-440f-4b67-aa35-7e7af5952aca"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3a772c6d-fda2-404a-86aa-85a0bdbb43e9",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0749",
                    "external_id": "DET0749"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Data from Local System",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--0099659c-6a20-4331-9d47-b1c0c380fd6b"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--105c127f-2777-452e-bf61-b0786ee13861",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0728",
                    "external_id": "DET0728"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Alarm Suppression",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--edd8297d-ec63-4b54-8d28-106f228dd535"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e69d1e15-76e1-434c-bd45-0354a10dde8a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0790",
                    "external_id": "DET0790"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Module Firmware",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--880a1133-6639-42f0-96a8-3e914426d38b"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3ea60ac7-87a3-4033-9089-258941d8388a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0737",
                    "external_id": "DET0737"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Brute Force I/O",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--77857bc3-6a38-4826-8109-30facf6c23ec"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c4777f1a-1481-4e8a-a3f4-0da57418c808",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0775",
                    "external_id": "DET0775"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Loss of Protection",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--29b6e4b8-878c-4139-aa56-7e1513714d34"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ab3f0926-58e2-485e-987c-66b541d9de97",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0740",
                    "external_id": "DET0740"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Exploit Public-Facing Application",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--dd25b818-ceb0-4518-9384-dcf895d4956b"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--7f41ed29-fdc6-4c28-ba10-9de1aa129f7e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0783",
                    "external_id": "DET0783"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Modify Program",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--882f2365-4c14-4c48-8eef-2a7c293c8569"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "x-mitre-detection-strategy",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--87493fa2-bb78-4e28-b882-d79eecd10740",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "mitre-attack",
                    "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/detectionstrategies/DET0772",
                    "external_id": "DET0772"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "name": "Detection of Graphical User Interface",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_version": "1.0",
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0",
            "x_mitre_domains": [
                "ics-attack"
            ],
            "x_mitre_analytic_refs": [
                "x-mitre-analytic--dc014060-5116-4a2f-bac5-35ac1db8fabb"
            ],
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--007a2c53-fc5c-4750-aff0-defb282e178a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:30:30.829Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:49.087Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--00b9e63b-57a7-408e-83d6-fc03535010a6",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:39:33.141Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:49.547Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used Valid Accounts taken from the Windows Domain Controller to access the control system Virtual Private Network (VPN) used by grid operators. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--00e6c22b-9275-4039-b6d4-2ac0680325d6",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:29.337Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--011f1d16-c9f1-48ac-94f1-165466c155f8",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:43:33.176Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:49.972Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--012fd76f-1a10-4e48-9306-10ffae3f61dd",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:30:58.431Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:50.177Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--01335508-22bb-4185-a7e2-49ec9bee6423",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:15:20.293Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:50.425Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--01b4a92f-da42-4dfa-8d59-53709b65940e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:30.122Z",
            "description": "Limit privileges of user accounts and groups so that only authorized administrators can change service states and configurations.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e57ebc6d-785f-40c8-adb1-b5b5e09b3b48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--01d002a2-696a-4e22-b227-b0b32f54eaf0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:42:27.894Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:50.855Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--02117d44-46d2-41f0-a5fb-ba303e6ee124",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:55:47.037Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:51.055Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--026ba3e5-ae3b-4a8b-83c0-ea8327cd9e50",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:42:44.516Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:51.276Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--028a3bcc-f299-4061-a0f2-8da85e0a3c81",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:30.722Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections from software and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--02f547fd-2565-4130-a4be-c4ba7b5aeb0c",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:59:31.091Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:51.927Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--03181dba-035f-45e6-a5c9-70d02a96e4f4",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:21:15.104Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:15.104Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--033b4401-261f-498b-89f3-2bad9ff5907a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:58:15.338Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:52.127Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--03a9cdc7-3cc5-43e3-9a9c-97d1c4310e35",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:52.331Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--03aab956-54f3-4e4b-93a7-6d1898d91b57",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:29:03.438Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:52.555Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--03b4dae7-3b20-4ea9-9f7c-6c97582f98b7",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:33:00.899Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Triton-EENews-2017",
                    "description": "Blake Sobczak. (2019, March 7). The inside story of the world\u2019s most dangerous malware. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.eenews.net/articles/the-inside-story-of-the-worlds-most-dangerous-malware/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:53.062Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) changed phone numbers tied to certain specific accounts in a designated contact list. They then used the changed phone numbers to redirect network traffic to websites controlled by them, thereby allowing them to capture and use any login codes sent to the devices via text message.(Citation: Triton-EENews-2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--03d44496-7a15-4e23-820f-b6f1079dbbd3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:31.593Z",
            "description": "A patch management process should be implemented to check unused dependencies, unmaintained and/or previously vulnerable dependencies, unnecessary features, components, files, and documentation.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--03e80e3c-28b9-4e7f-8b17-7c86d1483b91",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:00:12.380Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:53.533Z",
            "description": "Information which is sensitive to the operation and architecture of the process environment may be encrypted to ensure confidentiality and restrict access to only those who need to know. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--03e94c12-cd51-4f39-a33d-c66a31bbf361",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:40:34.866Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:53.760Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0406292e-1288-42ac-b74b-88f5f0a7f1b9",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:03:25.211Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:03:25.211Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--042243fd-bfe0-4961-96de-a36232d3ff74",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Security Response July 2014",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response 2014, July 7 Dragonfly: Cyberespionage Attacks Against Energy Suppliers Retrieved. 2016/04/08 ",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/dragonfly_threat_against_western_energy_suppliers#:~:text=The%20attackers%2C%20known%20to%20Symantec,supply%20in%20the%20affected%20countries."
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:53.964Z",
            "description": "[Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) utilized watering hole attacks on energy sector websites by injecting a redirect iframe to deliver [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) or [Trojan.Karagany](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0094). (Citation: Symantec Security Response July 2014)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--1c63d4ec-0a75-4daa-b1df-0d11af3d3cc1",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--04882fef-2a6b-40d0-a101-da9c76a3572e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:32.095Z",
            "description": "Restrict the use of untrusted or unknown libraries, such as remote or unknown DLLs.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--2ab9fc6d-3cf6-4d7b-85f1-3ad6949233b3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0491ef92-2941-4841-9fe6-2e1809788b52",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:32.285Z",
            "description": "Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--04aad4a8-8b8c-45d9-bb34-508fe4792863",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:29:11.776Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:54.635Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--04bf72de-75ba-4d95-ad24-f93ad835180c",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:54.883Z",
            "description": "[KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) erases the master boot record (MBR) and system logs, leaving the system unusable. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--04fa6b94-d633-40ff-9ab2-88f58c07c3e1",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:32.756Z",
            "description": "Perform integrity checks of firmware before uploading it on a device. Utilize cryptographic hashes to verify the firmware has not been tampered with by comparing it to a trusted hash of the firmware. This could be from trusted data sources (e.g., vendor site) or through a third-party verification service.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--052da7dd-e7c9-4ab3-a8f9-eb734b24ec60",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--0f2e4927-401d-430e-96ed-90feb8df1b03",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--058396ca-3af4-444b-b261-74485c47e68c",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:27.074Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik April 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, April 10 Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:55.517Z",
            "description": "[Bad Rabbit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0606) initially infected IT networks, but by means of an exploit (particularly the SMBv1-targeting MS17-010 vulnerability) spread to industrial networks. (Citation: Joe Slowik April 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--2eaa5319-5e1e-4dd7-bbc4-566fced3964a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0628c6a0-f799-44c4-b68a-95d32d244763",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:56:50.121Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:56:50.121Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--064dfd6f-db5d-48e8-b350-9dd47a270911",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:22:09.916Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA-AA22-103A",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2022, May 25). Alert (AA22-103A) APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-103a"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:55.721Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can remotely read the OCP UA structure from devices.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--067932c3-0011-4ca2-9bbe-721c631e4e41",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:45:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014",
                    "description": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002718.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT August 2018",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2018, August 22 Advisory (ICSA-14-178-01) Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-14-178-01"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:56.182Z",
            "description": "The [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) payload gathers server information that includes CLSID, server name, Program ID, OPC version, vendor information, running state, group count, and server bandwidth. This information helps indicate the role the server has in the control process. (Citation: ICS-CERT August 2018) (Citation: Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--06c663f8-fcf1-47eb-ab79-284e93eafa6b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:33.601Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections from software and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0750563d-a86c-4822-ab9c-0f2d3c304c6e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:28:51.104Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.095Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--076bfea6-309e-4804-a147-dffe93983481",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:16:17.295Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.327Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--077226fd-25b1-4d77-b2e5-d81331ff803b",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:02:12.939Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:12.939Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--07c0e166-f05e-413f-8f3e-f487317c9626",
            "created": "2023-03-22T15:53:59.953Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.527Z",
            "description": "Devices and programs that receive command messages from remote systems (e.g., control servers) should verify those commands before taking any actions on them.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1cbcceef-3233-4062-aa86-ec91afe39517",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--07e06d21-e666-4274-838a-ef9996fdc0cd",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:05:45.540Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.749Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--07f11dc3-60d7-42d3-a4f0-82eba85dfe44",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:47:20.192Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:57.964Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--07f4d65d-4572-450f-8cb2-908fee97bd67",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:34.434Z",
            "description": "Application control may be able to prevent the running of executables masquerading as other files.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--08302021-aacf-428f-a0ce-e1034d925fb0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:35.090Z",
            "description": "Develop a robust cyber threat intelligence capability to determine what types and levels of threat may use software exploits and 0-days against a particular organization.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d48b79b2-076d-483e-949c-0d38aa347499",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0861bf03-eadd-45a4-8490-ae2a2939125b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--a366d027-d797-4957-949a-870aed0766dd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--088580e9-ccea-426e-9411-c1de60de650d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:35.268Z",
            "description": "Devices should authenticate all messages between master and outstation assets.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0951222a-42d1-4635-bb12-5285bc6500e0",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:15:45.244Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:59.066Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--095456bc-898b-4c76-a062-ff0ea90aeab4",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:25:05.393Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:59.310Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--096c3136-dac9-4729-98c0-c8d870f2bd13",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:42:01.055Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:59.533Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--09977105-562f-4f45-a151-27a11a18031e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:35.809Z",
            "description": "The encryption of firmware should be considered to prevent adversaries from identifying possible vulnerabilities within the firmware.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--09a96454-505b-4e05-bc0d-41bf791dc926",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--edf989d8-7e25-4ed2-b289-a55dee68a75e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--09e0c991-1707-431b-a0fd-fd8215e6d552",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:30:12.291Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:00:59.961Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--09e9ed5d-bf32-4aee-8441-774e21ffbdb6",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:53:56.266Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:00.211Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0a3b621d-2e88-4392-9963-3fdc40d3cb42",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:03:02.738Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:03:02.738Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0a421699-f013-49f4-9d9f-01d95d210510",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:37:25.214Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:00.654Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0a5002d3-cf0d-4e26-9fc4-8faff7f6578a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:38:04.048Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:00.869Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0a5d2136-e1f5-4a54-be64-a558f918bf0d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:01.074Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0b2a6fc5-3416-4d78-96cb-f6325c91ab91",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:23:11.865Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:01.311Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0b2d0517-9943-413e-a6f9-30c6d5ce8c42",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:59:10.561Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:01.508Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0b6cd19f-ee13-4224-9e22-f8a9e626d98f",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:22:48.239Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:01.731Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0ba1db3a-389a-4937-975b-d2dc0142cb4b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:46:22.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:02.137Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0bc90405-24a9-4f84-a1bb-bf953dbca016",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:10:34.479Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:02.390Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0beb0088-3bea-4612-b2d9-ff9988f829ae",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jacqueline O'Leary et al. September 2017",
                    "description": "Jacqueline O'Leary et al. 2017, September 20 Insights into Iranian Cyber Espionage: APT33 Targets Aerospace and Energy Sectors and has Ties to Destructive Malware Retrieved. 2019/12/02 ",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/09/apt33-insights-into-iranian-cyber-espionage.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Junnosuke Yagi March 2017",
                    "description": "Junnosuke Yagi 2017, March 07 Trojan.Stonedrill Retrieved. 2019/12/05 ",
                    "url": "https://www.symantec.com/security-center/writeup/2017-030708-4403-99"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:02.594Z",
            "description": "[APT33](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0064) utilize backdoors capable of capturing screenshots once installed on a system. (Citation: Jacqueline O'Leary et al. September 2017)(Citation: Junnosuke Yagi March 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--fbd29c89-18ba-4c2d-b792-51c0adee049f",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0c145fb9-b67d-41ef-94a8-8bd3a5eabd3e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--cb273244-c117-4e32-afc7-f72f4e44e179",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0c1fe5fc-3bdc-4d0e-94a0-6564f2ce4444",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:27.074Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Orkhan Mamedov, Fedor Sinitsyn, Anton Ivanov October 2017",
                    "description": "Orkhan Mamedov, Fedor Sinitsyn, Anton Ivanov 2017, October 27 Bad Rabbit Ransomware Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://securelist.com/bad-rabbit-ransomware/82851/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:02.827Z",
            "description": "[Bad Rabbit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0606) ransomware spreads through drive-by attacks where insecure websites are compromised. While the target is visiting a legitimate website, a malware dropper is being downloaded from the threat actors infrastructure. (Citation: Orkhan Mamedov, Fedor Sinitsyn, Anton Ivanov October 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--2eaa5319-5e1e-4dd7-bbc4-566fced3964a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0c27087a-623e-4c22-91ce-aa86ea57d7ab",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:19:10.881Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:19:10.881Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0c284ce0-0be2-4164-b686-7c383b246aec",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Research Whitepapers September 2018",
                    "description": "ESET Research Whitepapers 2018, September LOJAX First UEFI rootkit found in the wild, courtesy of the Sednit group Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ESET-LoJax.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Intel",
                    "description": "Intel ESET Research Whitepapers 2018, September LOJAX First UEFI rootkit found in the wild, courtesy of the Sednit group Retrieved. 2020/09/25  Intel Hardware-based Security Technologies for Intelligent Retail Devices Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/white-papers/security-technologies-4th-gen-core-retail-paper.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "N/A",
                    "description": "N/A   Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Summary Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/Trusted-Platform-Module-Summary_04292008.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:03.032Z",
            "description": "Check the integrity of the existing BIOS or EFI to determine if it is vulnerable to modification. Use Trusted Platform Module technology. (Citation: N/A) Move system's root of trust to hardware to prevent tampering with the SPI flash memory. (Citation: ESET Research Whitepapers September 2018) Technologies such as Intel Boot Guard can assist with this. (Citation: Intel)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--8ac1d6e1-b07f-476a-9732-84984ebc2405",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0c72593d-fcc6-4023-8771-bed5e243310e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:24:37.417Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:03.462Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0c9ed09d-4ce3-4e65-845a-c21dcc5d956f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:37.713Z",
            "description": "Provide an alternative method for sending critical commands message to outstations, this could include using radio/cell communication to send messages to a field technician that physically performs the control function.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0cab29c6-d196-47b0-8621-10ac3c8a95d8",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:51:27.775Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:03.908Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0cce4090-d079-422c-995e-b4f04b280a7d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:08:40.214Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:40.214Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0d4f2f88-e176-42c7-8258-52b345045662",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:29:51.844Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA-AA22-103A",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2022, May 25). Alert (AA22-103A) APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-103a"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:04.329Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can remotely send commands to a malicious agent uploaded on Omron PLCs over HTTP or HTTPS.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0d52eea3-394e-492b-944b-9ccb6348329d",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:14:41.633Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:04.553Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0d563cbc-b22c-4748-b082-db98bb7f0dab",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:08:24.321Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024",
                    "description": "Nozomi Networks Labs. (2024, July 24). Cyberwarfare Targeting OT: Protecting Against FrostyGoop/BUSTLEBERM Malware. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/protecting-against-frostygoop-bustleberm-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:04.991Z",
            "description": "[FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) allows for the modification of system settings by reading and writing to registers via Modbus commands.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)(Citation: Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--b34df04a-9d30-4d84-a03f-0d536ee19a05",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0d617f2e-5c61-419b-9573-35d63fe1df1c",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:02:59.197Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:59.197Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0d76f813-9d83-4d23-9604-966b71b562f8",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:48:07.839Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:48:07.839Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0d8e0324-ba8e-4712-a123-60377afe94da",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:48:17.073Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:05.201Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0dbf48f3-4579-4ca2-aceb-19d3e0449136",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:57:12.010Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:05.408Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0df0cb6d-0067-48b2-a33e-495415713ab7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:38.856Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for device management should authenticate all network messages to prevent unauthorized system changes.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0e0eed7f-1569-4596-9931-bca61a35dc3b",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:59:48.001Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:59:48.001Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0e191d66-fe38-4f28-ad82-6922bd6bcc81",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:58:17.933Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:06.044Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0e263b73-a033-4fac-9d6d-076ab8f8b954",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:27:50.949Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:06.275Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0e29f62d-4ffc-47ec-9623-72f874fbe905",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:06.755Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) renames s7otbxdx.dll, a dll responsible for handling communications with a PLC. It replaces this dll file with its own version that allows it to intercept any calls that are made to access the PLC. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0e4f272b-d744-4feb-9f3f-c24c3598538f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:39.552Z",
            "description": "Ensure proper registry permissions are in place to inhibit adversaries from disabling or interfering with critical services.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3222a807-521b-4a1a-aa13-f1cda45734b3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0e9d5ca1-5bb1-415f-b31b-d4187d58f4ae",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:07:47.713Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:47.713Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0eb112f6-c1cb-4843-93f5-f668aa0e9bd8",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos",
                    "description": "Dragos   Allanite Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/resource/allanite/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:07.197Z",
            "description": "[ALLANITE](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1000) utilized credentials collected through phishing and watering hole attacks. (Citation: Dragos)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--190242d7-73fc-4738-af68-20162f7a5aae",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0ef1e408-8ebb-4b28-b619-02914b7bae29",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:57:34.378Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:07.422Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0f18b876-b698-4f70-aa98-50e8b5a7eae2",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Andy Greenburg June 2019",
                    "description": "Andy Greenburg 2019, June 20 Iranian Hackers Launch a New US-Targeted Campaign as Tensions Mount Retrieved. 2020/01/03 ",
                    "url": "https://www.wired.com/story/iran-hackers-us-phishing-tensions/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Jacqueline O'Leary et al. September 2017",
                    "description": "Jacqueline O'Leary et al. 2017, September 20 Insights into Iranian Cyber Espionage: APT33 Targets Aerospace and Energy Sectors and has Ties to Destructive Malware Retrieved. 2019/12/02 ",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/09/apt33-insights-into-iranian-cyber-espionage.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:07.639Z",
            "description": "[APT33](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0064) sent spear phishing emails containing links to HTML application files, which were embedded with malicious code. (Citation: Jacqueline O'Leary et al. September 2017) [APT33](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0064) has conducted targeted spear phishing campaigns against U.S. government agencies and private sector companies. (Citation: Andy Greenburg June 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--fbd29c89-18ba-4c2d-b792-51c0adee049f",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0f20baa2-20cd-49de-bfa4-5b9765ceacf1",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:47:19.964Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:47:19.964Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0f5295ce-d705-4541-8dda-c569b126d103",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:24:03.723Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:07.855Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0f5710a7-f015-40b8-ad3d-f281699f2b72",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:09:11.210Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:08.076Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0f8a6c14-1050-404a-bb6e-4fe107d5b6cd",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:40.347Z",
            "description": "Devices should authenticate all messages between master and outstation assets.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0ff88ef7-44fd-4307-b381-2e0bc76ce83b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:40.592Z",
            "description": "Ensure proper network segmentation between higher level corporate resources and the control process environment.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--0ffdee1a-1e83-4506-aba2-38c55812abb3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:40.810Z",
            "description": "Ensure that all SIS are segmented from operational networks to prevent them from being targeted by additional adversarial behavior.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--da44255d-85c5-492c-baf3-ee823d44f848",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5fa00fdd-4a55-4191-94a0-564181d7fec2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--10118728-17b8-41a2-b4d6-d8661bc177df",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:06:51.691Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:06:51.691Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--104b4f25-d0a9-41f6-94b3-fa85ee8b1523",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:41.041Z",
            "description": "Authenticate all access to field controllers before authorizing access to, or modification of, a device's state, logic, or programs. Centralized authentication techniques can help manage the large number of field controller accounts needed across the ICS.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--10626671-941d-4a82-a835-56059058ef87",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:41.230Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--106530e1-375a-4ac4-befb-8297b3b05610",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:55:58.199Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:09.431Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--107d9a23-991b-44f5-97f6-7f6983c7013a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:41.549Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections from software and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--10bdec75-567b-4b5a-aaa9-d935ebbba349",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--2a1619a7-dd27-48e4-b56f-806cb3d2e405",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--111f437a-c67d-40e4-9515-7e9b22e65eff",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft May 2017",
                    "description": "Microsoft 2017, May Attractive Accounts for Credential Theft Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/identity/ad-ds/plan/security-best-practices/attractive-accounts-for-credential-theft"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft August 2018",
                    "description": "Microsoft 2018, August Implementing Least-Privilege Administrative Models Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/identity/ad-ds/plan/security-best-practices/implementing-least-privilege-administrative-models"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft February 2019",
                    "description": "Microsoft 2019, February Active Directory administrative tier model Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/identity/securing-privileged-access/securing-privileged-access-reference-material#a-nameesaebmaesae-administrative-forest-design-approach"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:42.020Z",
            "description": "Audit domain and local accounts and their permission levels routinely to look for situations that could allow an adversary to gain system wide access with stolen privileged account credentials. (Citation: Microsoft May 2017) (Citation: Microsoft August 2018)These audits should also identify if default accounts have been enabled, or if new local accounts are created that have not be authorized. Follow best practices for design and administration of an enterprise network to limit privileged account use across administrative tiers. (Citation: Microsoft February 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--622fe4d4-0e8e-4d17-9c25-6c9cef1f15d5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--11840b30-f0d1-4df5-a960-cdb80749c32a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:07:25.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:10.529Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--11a82651-4d69-4738-89c6-17d0243cbbb0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:37:26.536Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:10.753Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--11e4eb54-b0b3-4f67-a93f-28cc10df00ab",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:28:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ben Hunter and Fred Gutierrez July 2020",
                    "description": "Ben Hunter and Fred Gutierrez 2020, July 01 EKANS Ransomware Targeting OT ICS Systems Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/ekans-ransomware-targeting-ot-ics-systems"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Keith Lunden, Nathan Brubaker, Jeremy Kennelly July 2020",
                    "description": "Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Keith Lunden, Nathan Brubaker, Jeremy Kennelly 2020, July 15 Ransomware Against the Machine: How Adversaries are Learning to Disrupt Industrial Production by Targeting IT and OT Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/02/ransomware-against-machine-learning-to-disrupt-industrial-production.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:11.177Z",
            "description": "Before encrypting the process, [EKANS](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0605) first kills the process if its name matches one of the processes defined on the kill-list.  (Citation: Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Keith Lunden, Nathan Brubaker, Jeremy Kennelly July 2020) (Citation: Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Keith Lunden, Nathan Brubaker, Jeremy Kennelly July 2020) EKANS also utilizes netsh commands to implement firewall rules that blocks any remote communication with the device. (Citation: Ben Hunter and Fred Gutierrez July 2020)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--00e7d565-9883-4ee5-b642-8fd17fd6a3f5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--128de3f9-df58-4122-9523-0ac65a6ebf71",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:45:20.237Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:11.438Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--129a4d3f-fa4a-42c3-833e-8f15155b9693",
            "created": "2022-03-09T23:42:34.056Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks IRON VIKING ",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2020, May 1). IRON VIKING Threat Profile. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/iron-viking"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:42.955Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Secureworks IRON VIKING )",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "malware--2eaa5319-5e1e-4dd7-bbc4-566fced3964a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--12a6c5bc-c685-4249-b8c6-e6d49aa2b9ed",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:43.192Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for device management should authenticate all network messages to prevent unauthorized system changes.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--12d6fc4f-bf06-4146-a387-4cb86f0f44a4",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:13:23.057Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:12.182Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--12e84466-fb05-4d55-9220-5933ee0fcb43",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:16:42.816Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:12.437Z",
            "description": "[FrostyGoop Incident](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0041) used [FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) to manipulate OT devices to induce a district heating disruption in Ukraine.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--1169ff24-b35f-4d8d-8cf3-643a2834227f",
            "target_ref": "malware--b34df04a-9d30-4d84-a03f-0d536ee19a05",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--12fdacea-28f7-4113-ae67-0b19e1ab5e36",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:39:58.335Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:12.635Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--135b08ae-715b-4f45-9f03-0d156547e09b",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:18:19.305Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:19.305Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--13809e98-1d74-4c39-b882-9d523c76cbde",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:36:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels January 2018",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels 2018, January 16 Analyzing the TRITON industrial malware Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.midnightbluelabs.com/blog/2018/1/16/analyzing-the-triton-industrial-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:13.098Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009)'s imain.bin payload takes commands from the TsHi.ExplReadRam(Ex), TsHi.ExplWriteRam(Ex) and TsHi.ExplExec functions to perform operations on controller memory and registers using syscalls written in PowerPC shellcode. (Citation: Jos Wetzels January 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--139bb9e7-e5fd-4366-b2e6-4f74a73ec984",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:43.876Z",
            "description": "Unauthorized connections can be prevented by statically defining the hosts and ports used for automation protocol connections.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--13d76624-7049-45c5-94d3-8f172b7f6336",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:48:58.922Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:13.517Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) established an internal proxy prior to the installation of backdoors within the network. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--14178a60-b894-4186-b83b-5ffd043f4cfc",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--709e05b2-6400-43a2-9bbf-b64f6017b023",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1429cd78-4e2a-4898-a7d8-d01a0c465bd6",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:24:12.666Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:13.959Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--0fe075d5-beac-4d02-b93e-0f874997db72",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--144f6ce7-d2b2-4a76-85d2-251191a0d2cc",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:32:33.078Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:14.173Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--147c2158-b2af-4d88-9d59-594c67a9200e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:44.608Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for control functions should provide authenticity through MAC functions or digital signatures. If not, utilize bump-in-the-wire devices or VPNs to enforce communication authenticity between devices that are not capable of supporting this (e.g., legacy controllers, RTUs).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--14c73603-a6d2-4a8d-9904-0f8249aaa495",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:40:06.079Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:14.631Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1531a280-e280-465c-826d-ce357935a89c",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ec442b22-3dc8-4b2b-8294-b76b0f01d748",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--15377914-bf08-4c7e-ab00-1e272e2f3c1a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:47:25.303Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:15.092Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--159fb736-ba92-4564-aa6d-db6f64497763",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:25:59.717Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:15.566Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--15cf990b-ee67-4f86-a06b-20691274568a",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:57:31.366Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:57:31.366Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--165e3427-8738-4a89-9964-4593c671e855",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b817139c-2941-4523-bfb5-10c36d230871",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1673b2e2-7799-4b5f-b5a9-2c51426a6916",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:10:21.706Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson December 2023",
                    "description": "Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson. (2023, December 22). Iranian-Linked Hacks Expose Failure to Safeguard US Water System. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-12-22/iranian-linked-hacks-expose-failure-to-safeguard-us-water-system"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:15.976Z",
            "description": "During the [Unitronics Defacement Campaign](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0031), the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) caused multiple businesses to halt operations due to the unavailability of the [Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0003) and [Human-Machine Interface (HMI)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0002). These victims covered multiple sectors.(Citation: Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson December 2023)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--16ac0172-02d1-4fda-99c0-61f1cef7dc4b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:06:03.889Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:16.202Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--16b74b29-e3b3-49ff-9ff4-cd7ade0f8ff4",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:48:52.853Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:16.427Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--16c7240e-0559-4c49-9003-1bfe97074252",
            "created": "2024-04-09T21:02:28.446Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:16.647Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--16cca881-cf8b-4651-9ab1-cc8507cadd58",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--7f32731d-7800-483c-b077-c4a187a27ae5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--16fe0039-b992-4432-a692-b30bb034e353",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--37b4971d-2eb8-4f87-899c-19acaf0394bb",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--172e0537-7a9c-4610-9b07-32a841f0bd8d",
            "created": "2023-03-30T18:57:58.377Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec",
                    "description": "Symantec   W32.Duqu The precursor to the next Stuxnet Retrieved. 2019/11/03 ",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/w32-duqu-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:16.873Z",
            "description": "[Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) downloads additional modules for the collection of data from local systems. The modules are named: infostealer 1, infostealer 2 and reconnaissance. (Citation: Symantec)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--68dca94f-c11d-421e-9287-7c501108e18c",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1736df4d-188e-4a44-a8b3-6c6cd71dc749",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:05:30.498Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:17.069Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--17ae41a5-cb45-4935-bec1-ea0c8bfb2f34",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:46.162Z",
            "description": "This technique may not be effectively mitigated against, consider controls for assets and processes that lead to the use of this technique.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--469b78dd-a54d-4f7c-8c3b-4a1dd916b433",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--17d5794d-dcd5-4e0f-87e4-87d41c24b5fa",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:18:01.546Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:17.536Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--17fd7ffd-63d9-4e1e-8b19-38095b2d65ab",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:45:45.485Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:17.759Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--17fdec71-98e8-4314-a1be-037edede58bd",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:17.963Z",
            "description": "Devices that allow remote management of firmware should require authentication before allowing any changes. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--182010e6-59c2-42f5-91c7-510891a96483",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:56:45.611Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:45.611Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1865830b-511d-4302-99f7-6143647a8e40",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:23:52.339Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:18.192Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--18ab56e8-79ce-481d-9ab4-e558fbfb5ac5",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:08:41.065Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, December 1). IRGC-Affiliated Cyber Actors Exploit PLCs in Multiple Sectors, Including U.S. Water and Wastewater Systems Facilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-335a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA Unitronics November 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, November 28). Exploitation of Unitronics PLCs used in Water and Wastewater Systems. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2023/11/28/exploitation-unitronics-plcs-used-water-and-wastewater-systems"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Frank Bajak and Marc Levy December 2023",
                    "description": "Frank Bajak and Marc Levy. (2023, December 2). Breaches by Iran-affiliated hackers spanned multiple U.S. states, federal agencies say. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://apnews.com/article/hackers-iran-israel-water-utilities-critical-infrastructure-cisa-554b2aa969c8220016ab2ef94bd7635b"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson December 2023",
                    "description": "Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson. (2023, December 22). Iranian-Linked Hacks Expose Failure to Safeguard US Water System. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-12-22/iranian-linked-hacks-expose-failure-to-safeguard-us-water-system"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "WPXI Aliquippa Water November 2023",
                    "description": "WPXI. (2023, November 27). Officials investigating cyberattack on Municipal Water Authority of Aliquippa. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.wpxi.com/news/local/officials-investigating-cyberattack-municipal-water-authority-aliquippa/K5A3BEW35RAXJPMNHNE35RZ7WA/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:18.419Z",
            "description": "During the [Unitronics Defacement Campaign](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0031), the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) defaced controllers\u2019 [Human-Machine Interface (HMI)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0002), which prevented multiple entities from being able to operate their devices normally.(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)(Citation: CISA Unitronics November 2023)(Citation: Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson December 2023)(Citation: Frank Bajak and Marc Levy December 2023) Additionally, the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) caused a communications failure in a remote pumping station.(Citation: WPXI Aliquippa Water November 2023)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--18af193c-160a-4cae-9078-4d69de5c2347",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:56:21.340Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:18.630Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--18af4cd0-5941-4754-86b8-5d2389fd5524",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--732d2487-3241-4866-8bb5-044bb4acdd3b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--18cb8770-09ab-48aa-8ead-b3d0030e47dc",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:50:12.817Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:50:12.817Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--18cdfacf-4eba-4049-b85f-d1cab5106c75",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:02:01.822Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:18.861Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--18ef2d69-d11a-4d31-a803-da989c4073f7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:47.104Z",
            "description": "Provide operators with redundant, out-of-band communication to support monitoring and control of the operational processes, especially when recovering from a network outage  (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013). Out-of-band communication should utilize diverse systems and technologies to minimize common failure modes and vulnerabilities within the communications infrastructure. For example, wireless networks (e.g., 3G, 4G) can be used to provide diverse and redundant delivery of data.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--56ddc820-6cfb-407f-850b-52c035d123ac",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1992737e-0df0-43c6-8a43-85bf3802e470",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--eabde43f-1872-499d-9642-85a6959c4d28",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--19ab6776-42de-48af-975a-568d31a3bb66",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "N/A",
                    "description": "N/A Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25  Alarm Management for Process Control Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.exida.com/images/uploads/18492275-Alarm-Management-for-Process-Control.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:47.423Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016) (Citation: N/A)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--19c0d2bc-8de9-47c3-a1ee-63abc07c4348",
            "created": "2022-09-28T21:18:55.279Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA-AA22-103A",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2022, May 25). Alert (AA22-103A) APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-103a"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:19.765Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can send custom Modbus commands to write register values on Schneider PLCs.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A) \n\n[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can send write tag values on OPC UA servers.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--19df16da-8247-45ef-be13-ba58b1fb9c1c",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:11:23.956Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:19.981Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--19e9b914-3cb9-430c-ae02-f8e93fc2d826",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:13:49.529Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:20.204Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1a3ecee5-0237-4e01-8f02-90092c15a2f0",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:18:45.122Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:20.422Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1a40cec9-47c3-404e-b039-b7ae83ffaf68",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:48.193Z",
            "description": "Ensure all browsers and plugins are kept updated to help prevent the exploit phase of this technique. Use modern browsers with security features enabled.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1a900ac4-c150-4b57-a899-990854b01d4b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:33:50.423Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:20.874Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1a96ad0d-84df-4b6b-ba4c-8559de5ec356",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:57:45.950Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:21.089Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1a9ca148-a456-4b66-805f-a2bdfc7a947d",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:09:21.736Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:21.309Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1aa02c37-973e-46bd-ab45-609463e514e9",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:48.672Z",
            "description": "If a link is being visited by a user, block unknown or unused files in transit by default that should not be downloaded or by policy from suspicious sites as a best practice to prevent some vectors, such as .scr, .exe, .pif, .cpl, etc. Some download scanning devices can open and analyze compressed and encrypted formats, such as zip and rar that may be used to conceal malicious files.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--143b4398-3222-480a-b6a4-e131bc2d3144",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1acc3a43-2961-4e4c-a237-f426a2df6be5",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:05:52.868Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, December 1). IRGC-Affiliated Cyber Actors Exploit PLCs in Multiple Sectors, Including U.S. Water and Wastewater Systems Facilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-335a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA Unitronics November 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, November 28). Exploitation of Unitronics PLCs used in Water and Wastewater Systems. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2023/11/28/exploitation-unitronics-plcs-used-water-and-wastewater-systems"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:21.720Z",
            "description": "During the [Unitronics Defacement Campaign](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0031), the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) discovered and exploited default credentials found on many Unitronics [Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0003) [Human-Machine Interface (HMI)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0002). For many of these devices, the default password was set to \u20181111\u2019.(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)(Citation: CISA Unitronics November 2023)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1af5c5bb-0d97-4c0a-9174-4dee1ff8b185",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:01:06.725Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.157Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1b36c370-6e82-4c2f-936d-a6fe8aafc73d",
            "created": "2024-09-11T22:51:15.202Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Claroty Fuxnet 2024",
                    "description": "Team82. (2024, April 12). Unpacking the Blackjack Group's Fuxnet Malware. Retrieved September 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://claroty.com/team82/research/unpacking-the-blackjack-groups-fuxnet-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.366Z",
            "description": "[Fuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157) execution relied upon accessing Internet-accessible devices for initial access and deployment.(Citation: Claroty Fuxnet 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--931e2489-8078-4f9f-85b2-a9211950e75b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1b94c927-0445-4ed8-80f1-7b31418f60b5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:43:41.332Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.572Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1ba485c9-951e-4e07-8e69-1d0efc372f6b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:41:44.745Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.779Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1bb30143-97e5-4bbd-9c2b-1d8de70aa10c",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:24:36.494Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:24:36.494Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1bea0610-432c-4cd7-8e0e-8b7bbd09d738",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:00:32.581Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:22.979Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1c3d966a-5995-48ed-919d-25b972010fe9",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2019",
                    "description": "IEC 2019, February Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:23.423Z",
            "description": "Provide the ability to verify the integrity of programs downloaded on a controller. While techniques like CRCs and checksums are commonly used, they are not cryptographically secure and can be vulnerable to collisions. Preferably cryptographic hash functions (e.g., SHA-2, SHA-3) should be used. (Citation: IEC February 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1c7df4f1-cee5-42c6-a974-29552552666f",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:47:08.952Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:23.628Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1c831708-28c2-47ae-a158-39f1f7b73406",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:23.875Z",
            "description": "The [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) IEC 61850 payload component has the ability to discover relevant devices in the infected host's network subnet by attempting to connect on port 102.(Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)\n\n[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) contains an OPC DA module that enumerates all OPC servers using the `ICatInformation::EnumClassesOfCategories` method with `CATID_OPCDAServer20` category identifier and `IOPCServer::GetStatus` to identify the ones running.",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1cf89a8b-c0f6-4ffb-ae39-36e2a9d3b081",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:46:12.052Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:24.077Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1d0daee9-621c-47c8-b9f3-3b9a6dc5ea13",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:46:29.316Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:46:29.317Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1d35c947-447f-4693-9ab0-32dff56e664e",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:45:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:24.315Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) enumerates and parses the System Data Blocks (SDB) using the s7blk_findfirst and s7blk_findnext API calls in s7otbxdx.dll. Stuxnet must find an SDB with the DWORD at offset 50h equal to 0100CB2Ch. This specifies that the system uses the Profibus communications processor module CP 342-5. In addition, specific values are searched for and counted: 7050h and 9500h. 7050h is assigned to part number KFC750V3 which appears to be a frequency converter drive (also known as variable frequency drive) manufactured by Fararo Paya in Teheran, Iran. 9500h is assigned to Vacon NX frequency converter drives manufactured by Vacon based in Finland.(Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)\n\n[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) was specifically targeting CPUs 6ES7-315-2 (Series 300) with special system data block characteristics for sequence A or B and 6ES7-315-2 for sequence C. The PLC type can also be checked using the s7ag_read_szl API.(Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1d637465-fa54-4962-aa2d-cb0d04dfec0a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--33dd1c37-1702-4de2-9712-fcc640e4b681",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1d6fa472-a1fe-4657-a60d-c7f1c39b1653",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:40:22.705Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:24.766Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1dad5efc-395f-4b92-8f4f-3e987a4d5e57",
            "created": "2023-09-27T13:22:26.752Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:00:48.950Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1dc35f79-0ada-4342-bd13-10d10c1b0335",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:28:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ben Hunter and Fred Gutierrez July 2020",
                    "description": "Ben Hunter and Fred Gutierrez 2020, July 01 EKANS Ransomware Targeting OT ICS Systems Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/ekans-ransomware-targeting-ot-ics-systems"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:25.078Z",
            "description": "[EKANS](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0605) performs a DNS lookup of an internal domain name associated with its target network to identify if it was deployed on the intended system. (Citation: Ben Hunter and Fred Gutierrez July 2020)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--00e7d565-9883-4ee5-b642-8fd17fd6a3f5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1f393d04-36db-4bae-a2a4-53ff12a1240e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:12:25.345Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:25.760Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1f785984-791e-4612-be32-9ee6903a9c0b",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:26:09.928Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:26.160Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can login to Omron PLCs using hardcoded credentials, which is documented in CVE-2022-34151.(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c9a8d958-fcdb-40d2-af4c-461c8031651a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1f87378c-49fb-4da5-8ed3-3672633d3713",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:51.260Z",
            "description": "Regularly scan the internal network for available services to identify new and potentially vulnerable services.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--de0bc375-50e1-4e26-a342-a8ff8c9d3037",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1f8abf6f-0dd0-4449-b555-733fe7296177",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels January 2018",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels 2018, January 16 Analyzing the TRITON industrial malware Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.midnightbluelabs.com/blog/2018/1/16/analyzing-the-triton-industrial-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:26.813Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) leveraged the TriStation protocol to download programs onto Triconex Safety Instrumented System. (Citation: Jos Wetzels January 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1fc147bd-d6ab-4beb-908b-0fbe8e125b76",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:51.579Z",
            "description": "Ensure users and user groups have appropriate permissions for their roles through Identity and Access Management (IAM) controls. Implement strict IAM controls to prevent access to systems except for the applications, users, and services that require access. Implement user accounts for each individual for enforcement and non-repudiation of actions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e57ebc6d-785f-40c8-adb1-b5b5e09b3b48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1fd49958-9695-4137-9aaa-57fde4b97cc8",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:09:59.595Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:27.268Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1fd4cf4e-a26c-4fe5-a7fd-f49b8aea8437",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:49:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Tom Fakterman August 2019",
                    "description": "Tom Fakterman 2019, August 05 Sodinokibi: The Crown Prince of Ransomware Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/the-sodinokibi-ransomware-attack"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:27.469Z",
            "description": "[REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) initially executes when the user clicks on a JavaScript file included in the phishing emails .zip attachment. (Citation: Tom Fakterman August 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--1fd5badc-0e9f-462c-9738-550e7e8d8ae3",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:54:37.802Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:27.677Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--20006064-4e2f-4106-a6b4-ee8b4c739c9b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--04bcf663-e6cd-42bf-8864-f4d1ad345263",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--20031e48-2258-4901-ac21-bffd7191e931",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ae24274b-0e20-451e-a883-6eeb0e8e7d00",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--206cc4c8-797e-427b-86f1-4c81df391c6e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009",
                    "description": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman 2009, September Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-41r1.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dwight Anderson 2014",
                    "description": "Dwight Anderson 2014 Protect Critical Infrastructure Systems With Whitelisting Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/ICS/protect-critical-infrastructure-systems-whitelisting-35312"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:52.265Z",
            "description": "Segment operational assets and their management devices based on their functional role within the process. Enabling more strict isolation to more critical control and operational information within the control environment. (Citation: Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009) (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016) (Citation: Dwight Anderson 2014) \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2087b2b9-3b30-45be-abcd-4320bf0fa66b",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:26:19.782Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Mandiant April 2022",
                    "description": "Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Raymond Leong, Chris Sistrunk, Ken Proska, Corey Hildebrandt, Keith Lunden, Nathan Brubaker. (2022, April 25). INDUSTROYER.V2: Old Malware Learns New Tricks. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/industroyer-v2-old-malware-new-tricks"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022",
                    "description": "Forescout. (2022, July 14). Industroyer2 and  INCONTROLLER In-depth Technical Analysis of the Most Recent ICS-specific Malware. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.forescout.com/resources/industroyer2-and-incontroller-report/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:28.574Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) can iterate across a device\u2019s IOAs to modify the ON/OFF value of a given IO state.(Citation: Industroyer2 Mandiant April 2022)(Citation: Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2089201c-c1c6-4d92-a737-a6499e26ee7f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:52.600Z",
            "description": "Provide operators with redundant, out-of-band communication to support monitoring and control of the operational processes, especially when recovering from a network outage  (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013). Out-of-band communication should utilize diverse systems and technologies to minimize common failure modes and vulnerabilities within the communications infrastructure. For example, wireless networks (e.g., 3G, 4G) can be used to provide diverse and redundant delivery of data.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--208fe57b-cf2e-4188-8a6f-77597cd60351",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:44:43.317Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:29.056Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--20913dc0-33cc-43f8-bd34-a2f9a4a5fbd3",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:24:19.525Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:24:19.525Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--20a0d820-59ef-42fc-9f56-7a93d1ce7a84",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:52.967Z",
            "description": "If it is possible to inspect HTTPS traffic, the captures can be analyzed for connections that appear to be domain fronting.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--6a02e38a-9629-40c0-8c7d-e98e3470315c",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--20f66fab-7a08-4707-ac79-92dac5acd11d",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:29.490Z",
            "description": "[PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006)'s code is stored in OB9999. The original code on the target is untouched. The OB is automatically detected by the PLC and executed. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--21041206-da58-45c7-adb0-db07caebdcb6",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:36:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:29.718Z",
            "description": "[PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006) uses the system function blocks TCON and TDISCON to initiate and destroy TCP connections to arbitrary systems. Buffers may be sent and received on these connections with TRCV und TSEND system function blocks. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--21058f32-3d6e-4381-9288-5c2248e84cce",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:44:27.240Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:29.950Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2138f4ee-5111-4469-92bb-1fc82a6822b4",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:44:53.873Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:30.435Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--21470001-67f2-47cf-af21-784e5024ac1d",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:01:22.023Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:30.632Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2159458f-87fc-4479-81f4-a2521a378221",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:22:09.790Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:31.056Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--21aa6331-3419-4049-b180-8349b71e1f2a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:11:03.947Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:31.273Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--21b6ec9c-8779-49db-bf19-90e81893a6e4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:54.408Z",
            "description": "Protect files stored locally with proper permissions  to limit opportunities for adversaries to impact data storage. (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--21e0e769-cc74-4e3b-8f88-072ebf8eaaf2",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:24:56.529Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:24:56.529Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--220140ac-d927-4d86-9335-c04aa6ee3c61",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:54.597Z",
            "description": "Deny direct remote access to internal systems through the use of network proxies, gateways, and firewalls. Consider a jump server or host into the DMZ for greater access control. Leverage this DMZ or corporate resources for vendor access. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--22401c3f-f64f-4ee6-94ee-24fe108b595a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3e884c49-75ca-449e-83cb-3517ee88e0f1",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--22448288-32d9-4d2c-be16-0784e119fff1",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:31.938Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--22548926-29b4-4882-9878-633375489c0e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:30:50.842Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:32.138Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2287eabb-5349-4d3e-938a-7d6023d7e02c",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:04:12.484Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:04:12.484Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2289f005-7863-4af5-b681-cdfc03d3f111",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:56:08.414Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:32.376Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--228b9a13-0545-4ecf-99ff-be02addaf7fe",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET",
                    "description": "ESET   ACAD/Medre.A: 10000s of AutoCAD Designs Leaked in Suspected Industrial Espionage Retrieved. 2021/04/13 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/200x/white-papers/ESET_ACAD_Medre_A_whitepaper.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:32.592Z",
            "description": "[ACAD/Medre.A](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1000) can collect AutoCad files with drawings. These drawings may contain operational information. (Citation: ESET)\n",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--a4a98eab-b691-45d9-8c48-869ef8fefd57",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--22ba5443-ea49-4076-a666-722eb5352f70",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:02:45.697Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:32.818Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--232c7049-7609-46a9-8bbe-38672713f853",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:15:32.371Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:33.029Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2346cbf5-b3c8-4110-a66c-6194251d4d49",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:43:53.940Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:33.285Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--234da455-b795-4788-bc5d-22b4b58b2dc7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:55.506Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for device management should authenticate all network messages to prevent unauthorized system changes.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--23564002-f836-4da6-a083-e086a606f0eb",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--08c090e3-c56f-4a8b-80f6-307a1daf46ea",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--23851bda-49de-4f35-979f-c4e6b5742389",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:59:53.669Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:33.748Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--238f967a-0c29-4aa3-bbb5-3dc593473bbf",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Security Response Center August 2017",
                    "description": "Microsoft Security Response Center 2017, August Moving Beyond EMET II  Windows Defender Exploit Guard Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2017/08/09/moving-beyond-emet-ii-windows-defender-exploit-guard/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wikipedia",
                    "description": "Wikipedia Microsoft Security Response Center 2017, August Moving Beyond EMET II  Windows Defender Exploit Guard Retrieved. 2020/09/25  Control-flow integrity Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control-flow_integrity"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:33.963Z",
            "description": "Security applications that look for behavior used during exploitation such as Windows Defender Exploit Guard (WDEG) and the Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit (EMET) can be used to mitigate some exploitation behavior. (Citation: Microsoft Security Response Center August 2017) Control flow integrity checking is another way to potentially identify and stop a software exploit from occurring. (Citation: Wikipedia) Many of these protections depend on the architecture and target application binary for compatibility and may not work for all software or services targeted.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--49363b74-d506-4342-bd63-320586ebadb9",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--242b5a0d-e4e8-4ceb-a975-cf8efd64e981",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004",
                    "description": "A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004 APPLYING THE LATEST STANDARD FOR FUNCTIONAL SAFETY  IEC 61511 Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.icheme.org/media/9906/xviii-paper-23.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:55.915Z",
            "description": "Protection devices should have minimal digital components to prevent exposure to related adversarial techniques. Examples include interlocks, rupture disks, release valves, etc. (Citation: A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004) \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--8bc4a54e-810c-4600-8b6c-08fa8413a401",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5fa00fdd-4a55-4191-94a0-564181d7fec2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--243ad7b2-546c-4bf2-a3c0-1438b13e197d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:56.107Z",
            "description": "Systems and devices should restrict access to any data with potential confidentiality concerns, including point and tag information.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2452cc82-6ee0-4a98-a213-d5e3f3247e07",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:25:47.357Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:34.622Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--245c8c36-28e5-4508-a585-7768cb33299a",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:06:10.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:34.847Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary gained remote computer access to the system over radio.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--24793eaf-f0d8-4baf-ba3d-900b87cf464d",
            "created": "2024-04-09T21:00:24.049Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.080Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--24885921-734f-46c1-85d7-3f79e0b886d6",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:51:18.262Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.317Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) overwrote the serial-to-ethernet gateways with custom firmware to make systems either disabled, shutdown, and/or unrecoverable. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--24d17e8f-0c0f-41d1-aa83-8b69b8d30be5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:07:55.738Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.532Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--24e1f6cf-44c3-4a3f-9839-5cd6398cc0fe",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:10:06.838Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.763Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--250212f0-a149-4a14-af83-94f7fcedc021",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:26:29.934Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:35.960Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--25281488-be20-4d83-89d1-1da7ea836037",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:40:47.898Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:36.185Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--25ddb2e0-b945-45d2-a8a9-6e6d5c4401d3",
            "created": "2023-03-30T18:57:21.754Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Kevin Savage and Branko Spasojevic",
                    "description": "Kevin Savage and Branko Spasojevic   W32.Flamer Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190930124504/https:/www.symantec.com/security-center/writeup/2012-052811-0308-99"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:36.409Z",
            "description": "[Flame](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0143) has built-in modules to gather information from compromised computers. (Citation: Kevin Savage and Branko Spasojevic)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ff6840c9-4c87-4d07-bbb6-9f50aa33d498",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--25e7ca82-2784-433a-90a9-a3483615a655",
            "created": "2019-04-12T17:01:01.255Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye WannaCry 2017",
                    "description": "Berry, A., Homan, J., and Eitzman, R. (2017, May 23). WannaCry Malware Profile. Retrieved March 15, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/05/wannacry-malware-profile.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis",
                    "description": "Counter Threat Unit Research Team. (2017, May 18). WCry Ransomware Analysis. Retrieved March 26, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/wcry-ransomware-analysis"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye APT38 Oct 2018",
                    "description": "FireEye. (2018, October 03). APT38: Un-usual Suspects. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/sites/default/files/2021-09/rpt-apt38-2018-web_v5-1.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "LogRhythm WannaCry",
                    "description": "Noerenberg, E., Costis, A., and Quist, N. (2017, May 16). A Technical Analysis of WannaCry Ransomware. Retrieved December 8, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230522041200/https://logrhythm.com/blog/a-technical-analysis-of-wannacry-ransomware/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:03:05.097Z",
            "description": "(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: LogRhythm WannaCry)(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--c93fccb1-e8e8-42cf-ae33-2ad1d183913a",
            "target_ref": "malware--75ecdbf1-c2bb-4afc-a3f9-c8da4de8c661",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--268b9429-b1c6-4bc3-84cf-8512e8ef57a7",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:34:25.450Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:37.117Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary disabled alarms at four pumping stations, preventing notifications to the central computer.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--26bb65a5-a5c4-4a6a-9bdb-982abf425b49",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--47c6f72c-1f2f-4ea8-94d0-08202b7d5bdb",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--4c2e1408-9d68-4187-8e6b-a77bc52700ec",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--26d68f5d-6ee5-4d98-b175-943366ccc038",
            "created": "2020-10-14T21:33:27.046Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos October 2018",
                    "description": "Dragos 2018, October 12 Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:37.322Z",
            "description": "[Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) uses the MS-SQL server xp_cmdshell command, and PowerShell to execute commands. (Citation: Dragos October 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--26e58427-a2bd-4e77-9939-16ef60a072e7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:37.528Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections fromsoftware and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--26fdd07e-d194-4f8e-a9af-d5b2f1d0222e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:57.959Z",
            "description": "Restrict root or administrator access on user accounts to limit the ability to capture promiscuous traffic on a network through common packet capture tools. (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--622fe4d4-0e8e-4d17-9c25-6c9cef1f15d5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--274994e7-1fe9-463a-9979-46c72107bf9b",
            "created": "2023-03-30T18:56:47.685Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET",
                    "description": "ESET   ACAD/Medre.A: 10000s of AutoCAD Designs Leaked in Suspected Industrial Espionage Retrieved. 2021/04/13 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/200x/white-papers/ESET_ACAD_Medre_A_whitepaper.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:37.951Z",
            "description": "[ACAD/Medre.A](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1000) collects information related to the AutoCAD application. The worm collects AutoCAD (*.dwg) files with drawings from infected systems. (Citation: ESET)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--a4a98eab-b691-45d9-8c48-869ef8fefd57",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--276aa6a6-e700-470a-8f72-02537ba7be9d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:58.434Z",
            "description": "Configure features related to account use like login attempt lockouts, specific login times, and password strength requirements as examples. Consider these features as they relate to assets which may impact safety and availability. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--86b455f2-fb63-4043-93a8-32a3a7703a02",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2867f491-919b-463f-b689-bb3ceb7ae99f",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:31:07.486Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos-Pipedream",
                    "description": "DRAGOS. (2022, April 13). Pipedream: Chernovite\u2019s Emerging Malware Targeting Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/116-Whitepapers/Dragos_ChernoviteWP_v2b.pdf?hsLang=en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Brubaker-Incontroller",
                    "description": "Nathan Brubaker, Keith Lunden, Ken Proska, Muhammad Umair, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Corey Hildebrandt, Rob Caldwell. (2022, April 13). INCONTROLLER: New State-Sponsored Cyber Attack Tools Target Multiple Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/incontroller-state-sponsored-ics-tool"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:38.377Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can use the CODESYS protocol to remotely connect to Schneider PLCs and perform maintenance functions on the device.(Citation: Wylie-22)\n\n[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can use Telnet to upload payloads and execute commands on Omron PLCs.\t(Citation: Brubaker-Incontroller)(Citation: Dragos-Pipedream) The malware can also use HTTP-based CGI scripts (e.g., cpu.fcgi, ecat.fcgi) to gain administrative access to the device.(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--287b247f-8ec3-4d8d-a521-050ac8c791ad",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:05:32.443Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:38.580Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--28afd84d-a53e-4b2f-9bee-133f7da6982a",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:38.801Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) copies the input area of an I/O image into data blocks with a one second interval between copies, forming a 21 second recording of the input area. The input area contains information being passed to the PLC from a peripheral. For example, the current state of a valve or the temperature of a device. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--28e89bca-04a2-462f-9d84-d5dc4d55d98e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:26:47.115Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:39.000Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--296375b0-817d-4f42-afe1-4308f5edf973",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:10:25.193Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:39.198Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2971151c-0e8a-4567-84dc-01cf5dd35005",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:59.183Z",
            "description": "Digital signatures may be used to ensure application DLLs are authentic prior to execution.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--299b13fd-255a-416e-a845-5aa87745d693",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:51:44.664Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:51:44.665Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--29c2757d-c5f6-4c8d-bbdd-3629cb14dd81",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:46:39.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:39.889Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--29ebbcee-3c41-42e1-8a3e-1c6678ca5ece",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:46:51.576Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:46:51.576Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2a451896-81aa-4eed-a444-4d04661adeeb",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:43:42.911Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:40.097Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2aaa6840-47fc-455c-9b19-1d27c3afccbe",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:38:46.361Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:40.314Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2b62e4c0-9267-47bd-8f4d-0394b13fb566",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:24:59.825Z",
            "description": "Once an adversary has access to a remote GUI they can abuse system features, such as required HMI functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--469b78dd-a54d-4f7c-8c3b-4a1dd916b433",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2b7d57d7-3802-4b59-99c6-1e1597fe78d1",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:46:54.684Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:40.766Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2c1510bc-99d2-43d6-a58c-585d2dab485e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ffeac6e1-798f-41b1-8baf-2650d2ebe031",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2c79920a-f2d1-4114-a1df-924835da645c",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:53:00.672Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:40.983Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2c8dd182-e0a1-469d-aa65-7a1f734d9b46",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:00.291Z",
            "description": "Provide an alternative method for sending critical report messages to operators, this could include using radio/cell communication to obtain messages from field technicians that can locally obtain telemetry and status data.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2cd79563-0f5a-44a1-9be4-6dc330855d64",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:00.505Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2d0bed1d-342b-44a0-aec8-e6d7c6596fa2",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:33:12.887Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:41.964Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2daeeaaa-5b4b-4bb7-a94d-78a5749027ca",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:00.983Z",
            "description": "Limit access to remote services through centrally managed concentrators such as VPNs and other managed remote access systems.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--49b306c1-a046-42c5-a4d2-30f264ada110",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2dc39956-05d1-4dd5-86db-cb70568d73fe",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:39:15.857Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:42.621Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2e32e0fd-24cf-4a41-b56d-98ada9f1db8a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:40:51.425Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:43.048Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2e5f338d-92c4-4647-8fef-7c901ff774f5",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:01.552Z",
            "description": "Protect files stored locally with proper permissions to limit opportunities for adversaries to interact and collect information from databases. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2ecc567f-3aaa-4bd8-935f-4808d177a552",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:01.771Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2ecf9476-b546-44ff-8547-4ca56cf7eeb8",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:02:05.365Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:43.954Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2f0d1a71-7cb6-4979-b072-a859d117d47f",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:47:29.337Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:44.177Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used valid accounts to laterally move through VPN connections and dual-homed systems. Sandworm Team used the credentials of valid accounts to interact with client applications and access employee workstations hosting HMI applications.  (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)(Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2f457bef-1721-4e0f-b236-24e4652a31b4",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:29:53.181Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:44.422Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2f64b5aa-7e4d-4a5e-9960-69a63ad25083",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:02.302Z",
            "description": "Execution prevention may prevent malicious scripts from accessing protected resources.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2f6b635b-1441-4ef0-9289-1ed6b9098d4a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory April 2019",
                    "description": "DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory 2019, April Radio Frequency Detection, Spectrum Analysis, and Direction Finding Equipment Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/saver-msr-rf-detection_cod-508_10july2019.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:02.545Z",
            "description": "Reduce the range of RF communications to their intended operating range when possible. Propagation reduction methods may include (i) reducing transmission power on wireless signals, (ii) adjusting antenna gain to prevent extensions beyond organizational boundaries, and (iii) employing RF shielding techniques to block excessive signal propagation.  (Citation: DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory April 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--fce6866f-9a87-4d3e-a73c-f02d8937fe0e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--0fe075d5-beac-4d02-b93e-0f874997db72",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2f7c49a0-89fe-4d18-915c-c321868d47bd",
            "created": "2024-04-09T21:02:56.157Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:45.125Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2f9c25af-d2e2-4793-85bf-6e2696384a50",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:30:21.865Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:45.376Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2fbb7867-79c5-4d45-9876-98c4041dd72e",
            "created": "2021-10-14T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:02.990Z",
            "description": "Consider implementing full disk encryption, especially if engineering workstations are transient assets that are more likely to be lost, stolen, or tampered with. (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2fd13fc0-e3f0-4099-ab20-d19ba6bcd4e0",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:45.832Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) examines fields recorded by the DP_RECV monitor to determine if the target system is in a particular state of operation. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2fd8a76f-4663-4251-a16d-e1f105a854f9",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:43:28.167Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:46.041Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2fe222c4-cc81-473d-956e-235e2961a5c3",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:04:26.769Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:46.267Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2ff351dc-5b86-4a5b-b0f0-7ac1af8f891f",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--336b9423-5543-4354-bd00-13c614ccdc96",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2ff82993-5010-4450-89e7-341f449f3263",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:03.548Z",
            "description": "Consider periodic reviews of accounts and privileges for critical and sensitive repositories.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--2fffbea8-c031-4de8-a451-447bbbe3e224",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:03.733Z",
            "description": "Consider the use of application isolation and sandboxing to restrict specific operating system interactions such as access through user accounts, services, system calls, registry, and network access. This may be even more useful in cases where the source of the executed script is unknown.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--059ba11e-e3dc-49aa-84ca-88197f40d4ea",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--302eb257-cd1f-468e-a9f2-3229a7737bb1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--4ea060f9-f6fc-4122-9544-70afd567ea10",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--305866af-1f36-49e0-a57d-d5faaf29011c",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:34:52.740Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:46.946Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--309e4558-e591-4d03-9bb9-07d30acf011f",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:49:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "McAfee Labs October 2019",
                    "description": "McAfee Labs 2019, October 02 McAfee ATR Analyzes Sodinokibi aka REvil Ransomware-as-a-Service  What The Code Tells Us Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/other-blogs/mcafee-labs/mcafee-atr-analyzes-sodinokibi-aka-revil-ransomware-as-a-service-what-the-code-tells-us"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:47.152Z",
            "description": "[REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) searches for all processes listed in the prc field within its configuration file and then terminates each process. (Citation: McAfee Labs October 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--314a1b91-167a-4ad5-a36b-8bbdbd286540",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c94af5cb-61c3-4180-81e7-30c1669f4252",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--317ce6a3-7767-4be3-a201-004368f1b2ec",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:53:08.323Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:53:08.323Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--31897c41-1d47-4a34-b531-21c3f74651a8",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:47.602Z",
            "description": "[PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006) utilizes the PLC communication and management API to load executable Program Organization Units. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--31bf1721-78a2-4b6c-b325-5c44dc02ea33",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Eduard Kovacs March 2018",
                    "description": "Eduard Kovacs 2018, March 1 Five Threat Groups Target Industrial Systems: Dragos Retrieved. 2020/01/03 ",
                    "url": "https://www.securityweek.com/five-threat-groups-target-industrial-systems-dragos"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Novetta Threat Research Group February 2016",
                    "description": "Novetta Threat Research Group 2016, February 24 Operation Blockbuster: Unraveling the Long Thread of the Sony Attack Retrieved. 2016/02/25 ",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220707091904/https://www.operationblockbuster.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Operation-Blockbuster-Report.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:47.848Z",
            "description": "[Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032) has been observed targeting organizations using spearphishing documents with embedded malicious payloads. (Citation: Novetta Threat Research Group February 2016) Highly targeted spear phishing campaigns have been conducted against a U.S. electric grid company. (Citation: Eduard Kovacs March 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--c93fccb1-e8e8-42cf-ae33-2ad1d183913a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--31d7e048-92fc-4b63-b0d5-28b64b39797a",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:18:11.933Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:48.055Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--31e67caf-6b34-4651-96fc-5b97609c843a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ad675d25-2829-48e5-8475-28f1ed5d813a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3212de2a-6635-4b95-aeb4-9c0744aed2ce",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:16:44.471Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:48.301Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--321dfef3-01bf-40ee-901e-6354b945c31a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b6a6d95c-e3b5-438d-a095-3fb0859c8f45",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--322690b0-eb2a-42a4-a072-3241f7b78033",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--05f7d4e4-ae99-4339-b71a-59f1e317dc6d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--32438a90-406c-40f7-a5ac-a1ca92cd51d5",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:26:15.542Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:48.778Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--327916f7-fe5d-4858-adeb-f72f74c60c25",
            "created": "2021-10-08T15:25:32.143Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:48.987Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) sends an SQL statement that creates a table and inserts a binary value into the table. The binary value is a hex string representation of the main Stuxnet DLL as an executable file (formed using resource 210) and an updated configuration data block. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--327f65bc-8a33-4dbb-88d4-714a9e42442b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:21:07.833Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:49.213Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--32bcf2cf-3311-4ef1-9bf4-4bfe14832b3b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:10:23.215Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:49.426Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--32d15d1a-04ba-4035-907a-e2871425e8d1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:28:40.722Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:49.640Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--33215dfa-53d0-4bd7-a15d-cec9315c7c4d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:05.399Z",
            "description": "Deny direct remote access to internal systems through the use of network proxies, gateways, and firewalls. Steps should be taken to periodically inventory internet accessible devices to determine if it differs from the expected.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3334e647-fd5d-481d-a7f9-66f73911a57a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:45:30.291Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:50.097Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--33486e89-f0f4-4507-9f13-48a8f22c8ac8",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:05.720Z",
            "description": "Review vendor documents and security alerts for potentially unknown or overlooked default credentials within existing devices\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--5d97c693-e054-48ba-a3a3-eaf6942dfb65",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--337f366d-3d76-470c-8ee2-0e2252648282",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:19:43.390Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:50.518Z",
            "description": "Disallow the execution of applications/programs which are not required for normal system functions, including any specific command-line arguments which may allow the execution of proxy commands or application binaries.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--33bc3e6f-e8cb-40ea-8088-3de39e2490a7",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:47:08.696Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:50.768Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--33e33c74-2f17-4bac-bbba-bf4f2a2035e5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:07:41.540Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:51.006Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3412e6dd-6adb-4c91-a5d8-c4f68dd362d5",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:21:00.372Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:00.372Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--34535779-9957-4766-a7fc-e8d4dbfb5eee",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:57:06.854Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:57:06.854Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3471632d-253d-469e-9e8c-3b291b4ae88a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:14:15.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:51.437Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3478c49c-594b-4224-b7f9-2b0b09c67288",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Bastille April 2017",
                    "description": "Bastille 2017, April 17 Dallas Siren Attack Retrieved. 2020/11/06 ",
                    "url": "https://www.bastille.net/blogs/2017/4/17/dallas-siren-attack"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:06.590Z",
            "description": "Utilize strong cryptographic techniques and protocols to prevent eavesdropping on network communications.  (Citation: Bastille April 2017)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--7f153c28-e5f1-4764-88fb-eea1d9b0ad4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--0fe075d5-beac-4d02-b93e-0f874997db72",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--34ac1b1b-1103-4fc9-a62e-f1dd1451b28b",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2019",
                    "description": "IEC 2019, February Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:06.813Z",
            "description": "Provide the ability to verify the integrity of control logic or programs loaded on a controller. While techniques like CRCs and checksums are commonly used, they are not cryptographically strong and can be vulnerable to collisions. Preferably cryptographic hash functions (e.g., SHA-2, SHA-3) should be used. (Citation: IEC February 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--34d4101b-b4c9-4ea3-a84d-81e84e7f5033",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:06.990Z",
            "description": "Segment networks and systems appropriately to reduce access to critical system and services communications.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--350814da-5c36-42f9-8e58-8f9534e6ce0a",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer. (2017, December 14). Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework \"TRITON\" and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved January 6, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS CISA February 2019",
                    "description": "DHS CISA 2019, February 27 MAR-17-352-01 HatManSafety System Targeted Malware (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/MAR-17-352-01%20HatMan%20-%20Safety%20System%20Targeted%20Malware%20%28Update%20B%29.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:52.315Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009)'s injector, inject.bin, masquerades as a standard compiled PowerPC program for the Tricon. (Citation: DHS CISA February 2019)\n\n[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) was configured to masquerade as trilog.exe, which is the Triconex software for analyzing SIS logs.(Citation: FireEye TRITON)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--351e19c4-c16e-493a-9800-a433107aacf1",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS CISA February 2019",
                    "description": "DHS CISA 2019, February 27 MAR-17-352-01 HatManSafety System Targeted Malware (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/MAR-17-352-01%20HatMan%20-%20Safety%20System%20Targeted%20Malware%20%28Update%20B%29.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:52.519Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) uses a Python script that is capable of detecting Triconex controllers on the network by sending a specific UDP broadcast packet over port 1502. (Citation: DHS CISA February 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3526acc8-8834-4aaa-87a5-51e587360cf5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:45:47.394Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:52.764Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--352ed52c-88ba-4731-a917-4c33da0f29d4",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:44:00.588Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Andy Greenberg June 2017",
                    "description": "Andy Greenberg. (2017, June 28). How an Entire Nation Became Russia's Test Lab for Cyberwar. Retrieved September 27, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.wired.com/story/russian-hackers-attack-ukraine/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:52.991Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used an IT helpdesk software to move the mouse on ICS control devices to maliciously release electricity breakers. (Citation: Andy Greenberg June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--35cf6922-d48f-42ea-b7f5-f0258892bd52",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:53.210Z",
            "description": "Network segmentation can be used to isolate infrastructure components that do not require broad network access. This may mitigate, or at least alleviate, the scope of AiTM activity.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--35d3a730-4de6-4406-a025-ad29340985c2",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:21:48.981Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:48.981Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3618a010-b94b-4974-b1be-7630d5c853c1",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee May 2016",
                    "description": "Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee 2016, May 26 The OilRig Campaign: Attacks on Saudi Arabian Organizations Deliver Helminth Backdoor Retrieved. 2019/11/19 ",
                    "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:53.429Z",
            "description": "[OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049) used spearphishing emails with malicious Microsoft Excel spreadsheet attachments. (Citation: Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee May 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3666c249-26c8-4aad-8dc7-5d07253b1c5c",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:07:15.758Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:15.758Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--366a4cd1-aa95-4985-9d80-b45a2551e298",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:07.926Z",
            "description": "Filter for protocols and payloads associated with program download activity to prevent unauthorized device configurations.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--368558ce-e8a6-4375-b54f-47c2ab31e38d",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:29:27.153Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.072Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--37048032-b41d-47d8-9c73-7b706bef24d1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:27:58.625Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.320Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--371fe079-430d-46dc-ad31-a53838fc6c24",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:06:13.410Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:06:13.410Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--372c2e72-d56a-4501-a3bc-31b6b0c8d0be",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:13:36.185Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.521Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3731962f-64e7-4750-ac8b-40b97eef8725",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:41:15.943Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.729Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--373627f1-5e68-45ab-b1ac-c063d9585a3e",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:56:56.872Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:56.872Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--374837a0-6109-4c95-bee6-893b25ac71cf",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:13:12.715Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:54.931Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--37754ab4-03de-475b-8eb2-4ac3fad63852",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:06:24.302Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:06:24.302Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--37aeaf27-6bbe-4949-ba77-37649e38f8b2",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:31:46.749Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:55.587Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--37f69c20-9158-4091-88dd-fc42b85de265",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:20:10.625Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:20:10.625Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--383e242a-72d4-4b40-8905-888595c34919",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Kelly Jackson Higgins",
                    "description": "Kelly Jackson Higgins   How a Manufacturing Firm Recovered from a Devastating Ransomware Attack Retrieved. 2019/11/03 ",
                    "url": "https://www.darkreading.com/attacks-breaches/how-a-manufacturing-firm-recovered-from-a-devastating-ransomware-attack/d/d-id/1334760"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:55.836Z",
            "description": "An enterprise resource planning (ERP) manufacturing server was lost to the [Ryuk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0446) attack. The manufacturing process had to rely on paper and existing orders to keep the shop floor open. (Citation: Kelly Jackson Higgins)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--a020a61c-423f-4195-8c46-ba1d21abba37",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3843dcca-62a2-4224-9241-05f981fa880a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:46:23.921Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:56.034Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--38bda770-c470-4358-a9ad-a5b39bec026b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:28:28.550Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:56.485Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--393983b0-aeb0-4cc0-ae77-8180fe9f8f87",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:04:47.207Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:47.207Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--39452123-574f-4f3a-95ec-a90170a3d7eb",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:20:44.850Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:56.704Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--399126a9-815d-4c3b-9d5e-f57d698ac742",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:40:36.023Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:56.917Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--39e5a489-f557-4130-a285-e0a82f40685c",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:46:38.112Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:57.345Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--39f785a8-4175-4d3c-ba64-e20ad4bc2584",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:40:21.763Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:57.561Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3a04717f-b74c-4096-b031-ee7115fdc3c9",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:29:30.576Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer. (2017, December 14). Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework \u201cTRITON\u201d and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved January 12, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:57.833Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088)\u2019 tool took one option from the command line, which was a single IP address of the target Triconex device.(Citation: FireEye TRITON Dec 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3a20ed21-5e69-4a16-a0e3-bace3eba9974",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:56:47.109Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.066Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3a6cd53d-0d4e-4cf8-8edf-f9ebde4faac4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.273Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3a76a181-8706-4bc4-9c66-7e809fec44ca",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:44:37.687Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.486Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3a7d1db3-9383-4171-8938-382e9b0375c6",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.707Z",
            "description": "[BlackEnergy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0089) uses HTTP POST request to contact external command and control servers. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)\n",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--54cc1d4f-5c53-4f0e-9ef5-11b4998e82e4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3a9a07b5-0db5-40c6-b3e4-d1a006c85726",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--67c2be08-d31a-4385-a637-9d1a907c7a26",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3a9fc435-30b7-4684-a874-026c129aaa79",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:54:22.945Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:54:22.945Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3aa2691d-d88d-4467-ae3e-242b3bac22ea",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:15:18.036Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:58.913Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3ab912a4-70aa-45f8-b2ef-57113dde2cfa",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA March 2010",
                    "description": "CISA 2010, March 11 https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003 Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:10.956Z",
            "description": "Do not inherently rely on the authenticity provided by the network/link layer (e.g., 802.11, LTE, 802.15.4), as link layer equipment may have long lifespans and protocol vulnerabilities may not be easily patched. Provide defense-in-depth by implementing authenticity within the associated application-layer protocol, or through a network-layer VPN. (Citation: CISA March 2010)  Furthermore, ensure communication schemes provide strong replay protection, employing techniques such as timestamps or cryptographic nonces.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3ad966be-8cb2-42e6-b696-ef9e3b512e35",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:43:15.817Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:59.605Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3b6567a9-6213-4db4-a069-1a86b1098b63",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:08:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Security Response Center August 2017",
                    "description": "Microsoft Security Response Center 2017, August Moving Beyond EMET II  Windows Defender Exploit Guard Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2017/08/09/moving-beyond-emet-ii-windows-defender-exploit-guard/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wikipedia",
                    "description": "Wikipedia Microsoft Security Response Center 2017, August Moving Beyond EMET II  Windows Defender Exploit Guard Retrieved. 2020/09/25  Control-flow integrity Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control-flow_integrity"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:01:59.868Z",
            "description": "Security applications that look for behavior used during exploitation such as Windows Defender Exploit Guard (WDEG) and the Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit (EMET) can be used to mitigate some exploitation behavior. (Citation: Microsoft Security Response Center August 2017) Control flow integrity checking is another way to potentially identify and stop a software exploit from occurring. (Citation: Wikipedia) Many of these protections depend on the architecture and target application binary for compatibility and may not work for all software or services targeted.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--49363b74-d506-4342-bd63-320586ebadb9",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3b7f39cb-0101-49b0-ab02-a5adb1672688",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:53:33.603Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:00.098Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3bc61c8f-3d04-40bd-8239-a15913056bb2",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:22:15.907Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:00.330Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3be8045a-1f0d-4460-a76b-ae830e74c1e0",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:00.566Z",
            "description": "The name of the [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) payload DLL is supplied by the attackers via a command line parameter supplied in one of the main backdoors execute a shell command commands. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3be9d4d1-17e1-4f3e-b22a-edad8cf0c343",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:11.687Z",
            "description": "Devices should verify that firmware has been properly signed by the vendor before allowing installation.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3c182910-aaa9-4565-991d-55c1857a7fba",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--09f46edf-33f9-4c23-af2f-74864c27f616",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3c2d1b8a-d092-4a71-a0d4-dc5abff338bc",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:23:15.201Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:15.201Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3ce078ca-dad7-477a-8178-f0daf7ee823b",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:18:30.255Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:30.255Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3d005ed8-77d3-4fed-9dd5-7e39ba8cb50a",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:45:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:01.720Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) calls system function blocks which are part of the operating system running on the PLC. Theyre used to execute system tasks, such as reading the system clock (SFC1) and generating data blocks on the fly. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3d3c5d24-be5c-42e8-98ca-3b04382df39a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:26:11.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:02.154Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3d676c1b-2650-4599-8a57-790c55f9977d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:12.669Z",
            "description": "Minimize the exposure of API calls that allow the execution of code.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3da977ab-c863-4e6f-a5b7-68173160da00",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:12.890Z",
            "description": "Filter for protocols and payloads associated with firmware activation or updating activity.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3db8d8d2-89bb-4241-afeb-9b9332aac78e",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:31:06.217Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018",
                    "description": "FireEye Intelligence . (2018, October 23). TRITON Attribution: Russian Government-Owned Lab Most Likely Built Custom Intrusion Tools for TRITON Attackers. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/10/triton-attribution-russian-government-owned-lab-most-likely-built-tools.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:03.041Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) used a publicly available PowerShell-based tool, WMImplant.(Citation: FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3dd15958-b159-4d01-b3c2-37bdf9b417b5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:05:08.346Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:03.473Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3dd35c9a-146d-4370-80ac-69fed35d81a1",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:44:16.391Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:03.720Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3dde2b07-7c30-4a18-a9df-f85db84f9b14",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:13.443Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3e015dd2-eff3-4955-ba74-388266518579",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:05:16.999Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:05:16.999Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3e0c8afc-4c4d-40cc-bb61-f76b3fc1b013",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:58:46.808Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:58:46.808Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3ed98d8c-de30-499e-9a62-eae0207519f4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:13.765Z",
            "description": "Ensure embedded controls and network devices are protected through access management, as these devices often have unknown default accounts which could be used to gain unauthorized access.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3f07067f-0cbc-489c-8722-a33399ebd4f9",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:39:42.457Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:04.618Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3f261739-b6ec-4a86-94a3-146929f9facf",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:28:20.295Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:04.869Z",
            "description": "In [FrostyGoop Incident](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0041), the adversary caused the victim controllers to report incorrect measurements by modifying parameters.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--1169ff24-b35f-4d8d-8cf3-643a2834227f",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3f335e8f-68da-4b06-9d96-f371ddaf23e6",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:14.177Z",
            "description": "Ensure wireless networks require the authentication of all devices, and that all wireless devices also authenticate network infrastructure devices (i.e., mutual authentication). For defense-in-depth purposes, utilize VPNs or ensure that application-layer protocols also authenticate the system or device. Use protocols that provide strong authentication (e.g., IEEE 802.1X), and enforce basic protections, such as MAC filtering, when stronger cryptographic techniques are not available.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3f76d408-be8a-478e-8a5a-aab1d1f96572",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Julian Rrushi, Hassan Farhangi, Clay Howey, Kelly Carmichael, Joey Dabell December 2015",
                    "description": "Julian Rrushi, Hassan Farhangi, Clay Howey, Kelly Carmichael, Joey Dabell 2015, December 08 A Quantitative Evaluation of the Target Selection of Havex ICS Malware Plugin Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/18df/43ef1690b0fae15a36f770001160aefbc6c5.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:05.537Z",
            "description": "The [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) ICS malware plugin relies on Windows networking (WNet) to discover all the servers, including OPC servers, that are reachable by the compromised machine over the network. (Citation: Julian Rrushi, Hassan Farhangi, Clay Howey, Kelly Carmichael, Joey Dabell December 2015)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3f92c11b-f6e2-4c07-9913-9fa7469ba4fe",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:17:18.201Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:05.764Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3fb86696-1d56-42d5-a73d-044a78b588fe",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:54:12.586Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:05.999Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) overwrote the serial-to-ethernet converter firmware, rendering the devices not operational. This meant that communication to the downstream serial devices was either not possible or more difficult. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--3fe69c6d-6722-44ad-bab7-e34981d68daa",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:27:43.727Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:06.232Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4011b9e8-317f-40b9-bd3c-3fb1e99c6542",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:57:32.665Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:06.451Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--40479f3e-d4d2-45f8-893f-f8a4fcf1613c",
            "created": "2022-09-28T21:16:28.195Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:06.668Z",
            "description": "The [INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) PLCProxy module can add an IP route to the CODESYS gateway running on Schneider PLCs to allow it to route messages through the PLC to other devices on that network. This allows the malware to bypass firewall rules that prevent it from directly communicating with devices on the same network as the PLC.(Citation: Wylie-22)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4059da6f-b52b-4265-8bf9-3ad6154dbde4",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:05:42.611Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:06.892Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--408b2389-3280-46c6-8c94-2579b47b2340",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--13412b71-b94e-4aef-912a-44853f8bff05",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--56ddc820-6cfb-407f-850b-52c035d123ac",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--413c1c41-6ef9-413b-a75a-e67f1668b3db",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:04:46.290Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:07.332Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--415b3d09-f30e-4f25-8cae-bbe7fef80275",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:19:25.233Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:19:25.233Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--41a109dd-11d9-4840-a38b-088fc790f45a",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:17:27.552Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:07.563Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--41adaf0b-b7ae-4bdb-9a5b-567fd0911d7a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:15.651Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for control functions should provide authenticity through MAC functions or digital signatures. If not, utilize bump-in-the-wire devices or VPNs to enforce communication authenticity between devices that are not capable of supporting this (e.g., legacy controllers, RTUs).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--4c2e1408-9d68-4187-8e6b-a77bc52700ec",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--41b87fd8-6e4d-4e53-a282-c85292fdaa22",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:15.857Z",
            "description": "The encryption of firmware should be considered to prevent adversaries from identifying possible vulnerabilities within the firmware.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--7f153c28-e5f1-4764-88fb-eea1d9b0ad4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--41dbf626-b968-4b51-9f7d-aaea14d39b4d",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:58:43.542Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:08.191Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4211c12a-57cf-4ebb-910a-6af7aa09cf34",
            "created": "2021-04-12T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:16.194Z",
            "description": "All communication sessions to remote services should be authenticated to prevent unauthorized access.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--423271c0-04dc-42d0-8e27-fb0b6067e096",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:59:43.382Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:08.611Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), power breakers were opened which caused the operating companies to be unable to deliver power, and left thousands of businesses and households without power for around 6 hours. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)(Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4256a0c2-437d-4a4c-88ac-d08d3041b8c1",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:16.596Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--42577e40-8a29-461b-aeb6-232f4b04d76a",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:55:49.673Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:55:49.673Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--42ab7d24-8286-4a7a-8cd7-02e54a80e13f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:16.796Z",
            "description": "Ensure permissions restrict project file access to only engineer and technician user groups and accounts.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--432b2dc0-52ff-488f-a5e9-c1e510fc7a0b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:58:54.450Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:09.477Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--43344cd7-5004-4dac-8b62-8899105fa265",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:47:20.334Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:09.681Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--433539bf-cb17-4de1-9c0f-e579b041514f",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Inc. June 2017",
                    "description": "Dragos Inc. 2017, June 13 Industroyer - Dragos - 201706: Analysis of the Threat to Electic Grid Operations Retrieved. 2017/09/18 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/crashoverride/CrashOverride-01.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:09.883Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) attempts to connect with a hardcoded internal proxy on TCP 3128 [default Squid proxy]. If established, the backdoor attempts to reach an external C2 server via the internal proxy. (Citation: Dragos Inc. June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4369da69-bb09-4cc8-8600-081a450f50e0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:17.276Z",
            "description": "Ensure that unnecessary ports and services are closed to prevent risk of discovery and potential exploitation.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4387dbb0-8602-4485-ab55-2ed63d8b1622",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:05:01.891Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:01.891Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--43ab2ba4-4bb7-4d5d-83ad-c87ef3f05e7d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:08:29.213Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:29.213Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--43ab749c-d449-4fca-a14b-0f3a991fcdcc",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:15:06.489Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:15:06.489Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--43b11545-3b70-4284-a369-bed7a0de4fd0",
            "created": "2024-03-27T19:52:07.502Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Ken Proska, John Wolfram, Jared Wilson, Dan Black, Keith Lunden, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Nathan Brubaker, Tyler Mclellan, Chris Sistrunk. (2023, November 9). Sandworm Disrupts Power in Ukraine Using a Novel Attack Against Operational Technology. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/sandworm-disrupts-power-ukraine-operational-technology"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:10.528Z",
            "description": "During the [2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0034), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) utilizes a Visual Basic script `lun.vbs` to execute `n.bat` which then executed the MicroSCADA `scilc.exe` command.(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--df8eb785-70f8-4300-b444-277ba849083d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--43bdf580-b98f-49cf-92d5-3dac50450c86",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:17.653Z",
            "description": "The encryption of firmware should be considered to prevent adversaries from identifying possible vulnerabilities within the firmware.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--7f153c28-e5f1-4764-88fb-eea1d9b0ad4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--43d9821c-13ba-4009-b58b-a073918b780f",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:57:56.590Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:57:56.590Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--43e7ed35-4038-4bc3-82bb-d5ff337b368a",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:23:02.137Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:02.137Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--446c95ea-5178-4ae9-8f92-cb20dd50f7de",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:36:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:17.858Z",
            "description": "Minimize the exposure of API calls that allow the execution of code.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--44c857cf-7a4e-405a-87ca-7f6d79000589",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:11.416Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--44dd2e01-9aca-44c4-bfb8-05d16c928793",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--a995ba7c-c2c2-4d74-a3da-74e5a192099b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4508bdef-9528-47ae-804c-bc59d1e694e7",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:02:35.354Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:11.638Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--456ff399-4925-45d4-aa84-d930eae5348e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:26:47.786Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:11.878Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--45aae58e-1d09-49de-b4c2-837c6f1d5d8f",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:22:02.539Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:12.094Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--45d14170-7f7b-4e08-b53f-42fa4a3a04d9",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:15:32.382Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:12.313Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--45ee1822-71e4-4d92-976d-306561b70555",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:18.950Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--461e81a2-c7ad-499e-908d-05ef2f7bd9cd",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:19.245Z",
            "description": "Utilize network allowlists to restrict unnecessary connections to network devices (e.g., comm servers, serial to ethernet converters) and services, especially in cases when devices have limits on the number of simultaneous sessions they support.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--46332a77-2fd6-4033-96cf-6163172775ec",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:19.555Z",
            "description": "Devices should verify that firmware has been properly signed by the vendor before allowing installation.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4653847b-c089-4435-9159-6f76353833f7",
            "created": "2023-09-25T20:43:22.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:13.419Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should restrict the modification of controller tasks to only certain users (e.g., engineers, field technician), preferably through implementing a role-based access mechanism.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--46690df4-ddac-4ed4-8987-8706ae68a0cf",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:42:20.944Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:13.639Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--46798892-d849-43fe-8147-b40cc9da291e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:42:29.359Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:13.854Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--46bc86e4-e20b-4778-80d2-8891039e6fb4",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Hydro",
                    "description": "Hydro Kevin Beaumont   How Lockergoga took down Hydro  ransomware used in targeted attacks aimed at big business Retrieved. 2019/10/16  Retrieved. 2019/10/16 ",
                    "url": "https://www.hydro.com/en/media/on-the-agenda/cyber-attack/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kevin Beaumont",
                    "description": "Kevin Beaumont   How Lockergoga took down Hydro  ransomware used in targeted attacks aimed at big business Retrieved. 2019/10/16 ",
                    "url": "https://doublepulsar.com/how-lockergoga-took-down-hydro-ransomware-used-in-targeted-attacks-aimed-at-big-business-c666551f5880"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:14.064Z",
            "description": "While Norsk Hydro attempted to recover from a [LockerGoga](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0372) infection, most of its 160 manufacturing locations switched to manual (non-IT driven) operations. Manual operations can result in a loss of productivity. (Citation: Kevin Beaumont)(Citation: Hydro)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--5af7a825-2d9f-400d-931a-e00eb9e27f48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--46e4cdd2-e8f0-46aa-9264-868815a05af9",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:17:59.424Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:14.277Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4768c731-3be9-44b8-a217-dfbececa57d9",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:06:22.868Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:14.477Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--476fdcf2-0b39-4ddc-9744-ef54d3b9efb8",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--6f921aa8-deb3-4286-8101-26a7cbe80c0e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--47b1bc70-9fe4-4a6f-a137-f51db24566da",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--bbb288c7-9e40-46bd-b0a1-db4cfef4e1ee",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--0fe075d5-beac-4d02-b93e-0f874997db72",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--47f15a06-8675-4698-833d-bd141ed9e755",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Security Response Center August 2017",
                    "description": "Microsoft Security Response Center 2017, August Moving Beyond EMET II  Windows Defender Exploit Guard Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2017/08/09/moving-beyond-emet-ii-windows-defender-exploit-guard/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wikipedia",
                    "description": "Wikipedia Microsoft Security Response Center 2017, August Moving Beyond EMET II  Windows Defender Exploit Guard Retrieved. 2020/09/25  Control-flow integrity Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control-flow_integrity"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:14.899Z",
            "description": "Security applications that look for behavior used during exploitation such as Windows Defender Exploit Guard (WDEG) and the Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit (EMET) can be used to mitigate some exploitation behavior. (Citation: Microsoft Security Response Center August 2017) Control flow integrity checking is another way to potentially identify and stop a software exploit from occurring. (Citation: Wikipedia) Many of these protections depend on the architecture and target application binary for compatibility and may not work for all software or services targeted.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--49363b74-d506-4342-bd63-320586ebadb9",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--483719ad-c973-4210-b059-14e87dbd45f8",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:49:43.417Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:15.147Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--48489baf-56c2-423e-964a-0a61688e4a19",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:20.807Z",
            "description": "Perform inline allowlisting of automation protocol commands  to prevent devices from sending unauthorized command or reporting messages. Allow/denylist techniques need to be designed with sufficient accuracy to prevent the unintended blocking of valid messages.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--484b0873-59ef-41a3-b33d-b3fb41a2c957",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:50:34.946Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:15.592Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--491455dc-f7c8-4e12-811b-b8c5c041b4c3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:21.187Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for control functions should provide authenticity through MAC functions or digital signatures. If not, utilize bump-in-the-wire devices or VPNs to enforce communication authenticity between devices that are not capable of supporting this (e.g., legacy controllers, RTUs).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--49242ea8-4813-49f7-8bd4-9668216cceeb",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:45:53.300Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:16.023Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--493e1d96-a534-4c4a-80d1-516616b0cc44",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--d8cb1dd3-8bf2-48e7-99db-473481b823a8",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4966e63c-ca05-466d-91f9-41d799a54471",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:59:17.429Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:21.486Z",
            "description": "Provide privileges corresponding to the restriction of a GUI session to control system operations (examples include HMI read-only vs. read-write modes). Ensure local users, such as operators and engineers, are giving prioritization over remote sessions and have the authority to regain control over a remote session if needed. Prevent remote access sessions (e.g., RDP, VNC) from taking over local sessions, especially those used for ICS control, especially HMIs.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--497e0dbf-b36e-4c2e-9368-67553c8ba5b1",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:25:02.119Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:25:02.119Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4981a944-b3ad-4d78-9881-a17d458e3422",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:01:30.138Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:16.504Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--49966e16-04a2-4fd7-86cd-aa934040a9d8",
            "created": "2023-03-31T17:44:19.711Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:16.718Z",
            "description": "During the [2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used a VBS script to facilitate lateral tool transfer. The VBS script was used to copy ICS-specific payloads with the following command: `cscript C:\\Backinfo\\ufn.vbs C:\\Backinfo\\101.dll C:\\Delta\\101.dll`(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--49d38b21-5ce5-48d9-a356-639fc6c7a53d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:16.924Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4a641966-3cc8-4dd6-aa61-1a96cfff4a05",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:41:47.648Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:17.384Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4a7340fc-0eec-4459-a491-952d736b79ef",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:50:42.505Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:17.593Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4ad48410-efd9-41c0-ac59-e4343d3b9198",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:09:50.956Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:17.814Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4b6a964f-af5c-4ec2-a309-c1ae6b929596",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:24:51.818Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:18.221Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4b853b7c-bc55-4599-b88d-d08d651526c0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:49:25.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:18.442Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4b98b72c-a093-4917-a21b-a0b4f388e98e",
            "created": "2023-03-31T17:45:09.659Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:18.645Z",
            "description": "During the [2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used MS-SQL access to a pivot machine, allowing code execution throughout the ICS network.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4c1df272-9c2a-4647-8d05-3c0de1613e12",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:59:23.856Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:18.868Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4c53b294-973f-4cc2-a781-6c86b8f1c962",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:23:14.975Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:19.069Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4d163eab-7118-49c3-a4e9-d4f26d09b314",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:13:02.344Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:02.344Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4d407dda-944a-4974-b1c2-0a04d2c9ee4c",
            "created": "2023-09-27T13:17:12.592Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Andy Greenberg June 2017",
                    "description": "Andy Greenberg. (2017, June 28). How an Entire Nation Became Russia's Test Lab for Cyberwar. Retrieved September 27, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.wired.com/story/russian-hackers-attack-ukraine/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020",
                    "description": "Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:13:35.299Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Andy Greenberg June 2017) (Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)",
            "relationship_type": "attributed-to",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4d76274d-75bc-4cd0-be6a-3d5d99f73cb7",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:27:04.841Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:19.583Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4d7eecfc-4dd6-470c-a604-4c8239ac2be4",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:28:11.821Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:19.805Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4dd93fd2-6e6d-4c50-a091-6d6ea6903f1e",
            "created": "2022-09-28T21:21:58.641Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.025Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can use the HTTP CGI scripts on Omron PLCs to modify parameters on EtherCat connected servo drives.(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4ef202e5-b1cb-4cc4-892d-df6bf683c596",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--5604323b-6e7a-4801-91ae-4bf591f2e3ac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4f3a843b-18e7-46e8-8285-9102a2fe62e5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:02:38.399Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.229Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4f4e2e9e-6f9a-4c9c-af2b-4db4ec444c93",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:57:55.162Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.428Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4f7cc4b9-fe3a-4883-97cc-4d2a44c55be9",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:09:53.108Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.630Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4f83cc15-274d-44c6-859f-e598e362e76e",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:55:55.381Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:20.861Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) opened live breakers via remote commands to the HMI, causing blackouts. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--4fde6641-ad83-4b23-b51c-97fe7bdc558c",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:14:52.305Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:14:52.305Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--502a0b7e-048a-468a-b888-e91fde47c6eb",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:59:17.429Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "North America Transmission Forum December 2019",
                    "description": "North America Transmission Forum 2019, December NATF Transient Cyber Asset Guidance Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.natf.net/docs/natf/documents/resources/security/natf-transient-cyber-asset-guidance.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:24.862Z",
            "description": "Segment and control software movement between business and OT environments by way of one directional DMZs. Web access should be restricted from the OT environment. Engineering workstations, including transient cyber assets (TCAs) should have minimal connectivity to external networks, including Internet and email, further limit the extent to which these devices are dual-homed to multiple networks. (Citation: North America Transmission Forum December 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--503c5256-b611-437e-a4ef-2ee1fd20ab29",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:03:06.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:21.314Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5041e17d-6349-4589-8c61-7b43964b5f9b",
            "created": "2021-10-14T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Emerson Exchange",
                    "description": "Emerson Exchange   Increase Security with TPM, Secure Boot, and Trusted Boot Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://emersonexchange365.com/products/control-safety-systems/f/plc-pac-systems-industrial-computing-forum/8383/increase-security-with-tpm-secure-boot-and-trusted-boot"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Security Agency February 2016",
                    "description": "National Security Agency 2016, February Position Zero: Integrity Checking Windows-Based ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://apps.nsa.gov/iaarchive/library/ia-guidance/security-configuration/industrial-control-systems/position-zero-integrity-checking-windows-based-ics-scada-systems.cfm"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:25.211Z",
            "description": "Integrity checking of transient assets can include performing the validation of the booted operating system and programs using TPM-based technologies, such as Secure Boot and Trusted Boot. (Citation: Emerson Exchange) It can also include verifying filesystem changes, such as programs and configuration files stored on the system, executing processes, libraries, accounts, and open ports.   (Citation: National Security Agency February 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--50a2b289-7bce-405d-8515-c2b5424cce5c",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:25.481Z",
            "description": "Information which is sensitive to the operation and architecture of the process environment may be encrypted to ensure confidentiality and restrict access to only those who need to know. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--50b3247a-ea71-455e-b299-f00666c05146",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:21.937Z",
            "description": "In states 3 and 4 [Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) sends two network bursts (done through the DP_SEND primitive). The data in the frames are instructions for the frequency converter drives. For example one of the frames contains records that change the maximum frequency (the speed at which the motor will operate). The frequency converter drives consist of parameters, which can be remotely configured via Profibus. One can write new values to these parameters changing the behavior of the device. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--50c20664-75dc-451e-b026-67b1d309e4b5",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:22.152Z",
            "description": "The [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) SIPROTEC DoS module exploits the CVE-2015-5374 vulnerability in order to render a Siemens SIPROTEC device unresponsive. Once this vulnerability is successfully exploited, the target device stops responding to any commands until it is rebooted manually. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017) Once the tool is executed it sends specifically crafted packets to port 50,000 of the target IP addresses using UDP. The UDP packet contains the following 18 byte payload: 0x11 49 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 28 9E. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5131c799-517c-4bad-ba97-46ad7de956e7",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:17:06.233Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:22.378Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--51957f0f-79e2-4716-beec-0fec67e4482f",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:11:54.747Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:11:54.747Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--51eb15a3-48af-470f-94c0-10f25b366d72",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:30:22.148Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos-Pipedream",
                    "description": "DRAGOS. (2022, April 13). Pipedream: Chernovite\u2019s Emerging Malware Targeting Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/116-Whitepapers/Dragos_ChernoviteWP_v2b.pdf?hsLang=en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:22.591Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can establish a remote HTTP connection to change the operating mode of Omron PLCs.(Citation: Dragos-Pipedream)(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--51eca7b9-6330-48a8-badd-65ed3e9d3639",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:26.221Z",
            "description": "Restrict unauthorized devices from accessing serial comm ports.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--51f9963c-c041-4bec-b482-5fda2fb5bca4",
            "created": "2019-06-24T17:20:24.258Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Catalin Cimpanu April 2016",
                    "description": "Catalin Cimpanu 2016, April 26 Malware Shuts Down German Nuclear Power Plant on Chernobyl's 30th Anniversary Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://news.softpedia.com/news/on-chernobyl-s-30th-anniversary-malware-shuts-down-german-nuclear-power-plant-503429.shtml"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:23.270Z",
            "description": "A [Conficker](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0608) infection at a nuclear power plant forced the facility to shutdown and go through security procedures involved with such events, with its staff scanning computer systems and going through all the regular checks and motions before putting the plant back into production. (Citation: Catalin Cimpanu April 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--58eddbaf-7416-419a-ad7b-e65b9d4c3b55",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5201c576-70a5-4b32-8dfd-dd8ac86f096c",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:40:18.760Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:23.504Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--520aad6a-2483-45bc-a172-2417137f6ca0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:26.760Z",
            "description": "Utilize out-of-band communication to validate the integrity of data from the primary channel.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5212f36b-216f-4e32-8b64-3b4c94dfada5",
            "created": "2021-04-10T14:13:17.429Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:27.011Z",
            "description": "Enforce strong password requirements to prevent password brute force methods for lateral movement.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--5d97c693-e054-48ba-a3a3-eaf6942dfb65",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--523777f8-4780-4716-807c-08a67450b916",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:45:13.052Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:24.163Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--524ffb0f-40ae-4c97-a098-d14001fffa31",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:44:54.473Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:24.372Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--525d0a51-bbf9-4cda-aec9-562bb05bd3a0",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:58:49.397Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:24.595Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--52855d5d-e835-470f-a675-751c2779c861",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:27.613Z",
            "description": "Utilize out-of-band communication to validate the integrity of data from the primary channel.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--529610e5-831f-48df-a22f-fa088b9f9e9e",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:10:58.772Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:10:58.772Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--52bfd00c-2e5b-4e43-bba6-f3b46e241d7b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:23:26.598Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:25.027Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--52c7176b-431d-44a6-8c03-7c15a8cf6ce1",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:27.938Z",
            "description": "Provide operators with redundant, out-of-band communication to support monitoring and control of the operational processes, especially when recovering from a network outage  (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013). Out-of-band communication should utilize diverse systems and technologies to minimize common failure modes and vulnerabilities within the communications infrastructure. For example, wireless networks (e.g., 3G, 4G) can be used to provide diverse and redundant delivery of data.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--52e828db-58d0-443e-8d94-54d265d9606e",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:42:01.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:25.441Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--531e0589-0dad-444d-aca4-6198ba5d9fcd",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009",
                    "description": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman 2009, September Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-41r1.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dwight Anderson 2014",
                    "description": "Dwight Anderson 2014 Protect Critical Infrastructure Systems With Whitelisting Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/ICS/protect-critical-infrastructure-systems-whitelisting-35312"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:28.236Z",
            "description": "Segment operational assets and their management devices based on their functional role within the process. Enabling more strict isolation to more critical control and operational information within the control environment. (Citation: Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009) (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016) (Citation: Dwight Anderson 2014) \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--533bd747-2567-4c53-a10b-938734f8aeab",
            "created": "2024-03-25T17:59:02.526Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer. (2017, December 14). Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework \u201cTRITON\u201d and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved January 12, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018",
                    "description": "FireEye Intelligence . (2018, October 23). TRITON Attribution: Russian Government-Owned Lab Most Likely Built Custom Intrusion Tools for TRITON Attackers. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/10/triton-attribution-russian-government-owned-lab-most-likely-built-tools.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON 2018",
                    "description": "Miller, S. Reese, E. (2018, June 7). A Totally Tubular Treatise on TRITON and TriStation. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200618231942/https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/06/totally-tubular-treatise-on-triton-and-tristation.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:25.872Z",
            "description": "[TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) leveraged [Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) to interact and disrupt Triconex safety instrumented systems throughout this campaign.(Citation: FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018)(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2018)(Citation: FireEye TRITON Dec 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5343d50a-a36a-4470-9390-98ecd19b800b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f9b7143b-ce86-4cfb-a03a-f39c01904fb1",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--83ebd22f-b401-4d59-8219-2294172cf916",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--535c5160-17e0-44eb-9f4b-1a8e216b56a2",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:26.098Z",
            "description": "The execution on the PLC can be stopped by violating the cycle time limit. The [PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006) implements an endless loop triggering an error condition within the PLC with the impact of a DoS. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--538e5653-137a-4ce2-8b08-5ba69caa794a",
            "created": "2024-03-25T17:58:07.886Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer. (2017, December 14). Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework \u201cTRITON\u201d and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved January 12, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018",
                    "description": "FireEye Intelligence . (2018, October 23). TRITON Attribution: Russian Government-Owned Lab Most Likely Built Custom Intrusion Tools for TRITON Attackers. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/10/triton-attribution-russian-government-owned-lab-most-likely-built-tools.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:15:21.909Z",
            "description": "(Citation: FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018)(Citation: FireEye TRITON Dec 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "attributed-to",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "intrusion-set--9538b1a4-4120-4e2d-bf59-3b11fcab05a4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--53a54e4a-2b38-4b0c-8f60-252a68767443",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:26.417Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) modifies the Import Address Tables DLLs to hook specific APIs that are used to open project files. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--53af6987-21bb-46fd-bf85-e3eeaa74de1a",
            "created": "2023-03-30T14:08:23.251Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA June 2013",
                    "description": "CISA 2013, June Risks of Default Passwords on the Internet Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/TA13-175A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:26.627Z",
            "description": "Applications and appliances that utilize default username and password should be changed immediately after the installation, and before deployment to a production environment.(Citation: CISA June 2013)",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--5d97c693-e054-48ba-a3a3-eaf6942dfb65",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--53d7a78d-1431-49e8-944c-62c875e58a20",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:08:37.793Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:26.835Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5424e327-396f-4b07-94a3-408ffc915686",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos",
                    "description": "Dragos   Allanite Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/resource/allanite/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT October 2017",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2017, October 21 Advanced Persistent Threat Activity Targeting Energy and Other Critical Infrastructure Sectors Retrieved. 2017/10/23 ",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-293A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.030Z",
            "description": "[ALLANITE](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1000) has been identified to collect and distribute screenshots of ICS systems such as HMIs. (Citation: Dragos) (Citation: ICS-CERT October 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--190242d7-73fc-4738-af68-20162f7a5aae",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5425d1cd-8840-4640-90a3-72f3bd7151bd",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:44:32.341Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.265Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--544e996c-0bdc-42b2-91af-14c27d4213b9",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:09:23.185Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.495Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--54a7bc3f-c05f-4fb3-a980-ffc8750a0a56",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:10:44.014Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.715Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--54a977df-ca85-43b2-b2bc-96fdcd23aa9b",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:24:38.022Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Mandiant April 2022",
                    "description": "Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Raymond Leong, Chris Sistrunk, Ken Proska, Corey Hildebrandt, Keith Lunden, Nathan Brubaker. (2022, April 25). INDUSTROYER.V2: Old Malware Learns New Tricks. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/industroyer-v2-old-malware-new-tricks"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:27.911Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) has the capability to terminate specified processes (i.e., PServiceControl.exe and PService_PDD.exe) and rename each process to prevent restart. These are defined through a hardcoded configuration.(Citation: Industroyer2 Mandiant April 2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--56672ea4-cbf0-4a3e-8aed-edcc7d33133b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009",
                    "description": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman 2009, September Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-41r1.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dwight Anderson 2014",
                    "description": "Dwight Anderson 2014 Protect Critical Infrastructure Systems With Whitelisting Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/ICS/protect-critical-infrastructure-systems-whitelisting-35312"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:30.145Z",
            "description": "Segment operational assets and their management devices based on their functional role within the process. Enabling more strict isolation to more critical control and operational information within the control environment. (Citation: Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009) (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016) (Citation: Dwight Anderson 2014) \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5677e801-bd49-404b-b54a-6b00da52530c",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:39:01.824Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:29.175Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--56896f6b-27fe-4396-bfea-d3c1a7580b18",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:05:18.147Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:29.624Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--56dcc2d7-5243-4a5d-a556-8723642e98a4",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels January 2018",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels 2018, January 16 Analyzing the TRITON industrial malware Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.midnightbluelabs.com/blog/2018/1/16/analyzing-the-triton-industrial-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:29.859Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) would reset the controller to the previous state over TriStation and if this failed it would write a dummy program to memory in what was likely an attempt at anti-forensics. (Citation: Jos Wetzels January 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--56f22365-3711-468a-8f57-ee4193bf1ee8",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:57:55.280Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:57:55.280Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--570f630b-ee41-490f-a909-d2f15b5ad459",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:06:21.839Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:06:21.839Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5714c88f-ca54-46b6-b072-cd1d24714ae0",
            "created": "2022-09-29T14:28:08.703Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:30.068Z",
            "description": "Ensure embedded controls and network devices are protected through access management, as these devices often have unknown hardcoded accounts which could be used to gain unauthorized access.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c9a8d958-fcdb-40d2-af4c-461c8031651a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--57510758-786a-4f0a-aab2-101eaf4e7b9f",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:48:05.715Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:30.269Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) blocked command messages by using malicious firmware to render serial-to-ethernet converters inoperable. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--575f0e0b-d68d-432b-abb3-cbd3e641fc88",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:30.958Z",
            "description": "Perform inline allowlisting of automation protocol commands  to prevent devices from sending unauthorized command or reporting messages. Allow/denylist techniques need to be designed with sufficient accuracy to prevent the unintended blocking of valid reporting messages.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--577b53a0-44ff-4cc4-b571-455d61e596c0",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:27:17.431Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:30.910Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--578117b2-0f4b-4d75-a2dc-3ee45976e616",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:31.117Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--57e8711a-9aae-4a22-94d4-f4c8a3a8f141",
            "created": "2023-03-31T18:12:35.414Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Industroyer",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:16:38.121Z",
            "description": "Within the [2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025), [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) was used to target and disrupt the Ukrainian power grid substation components.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)(Citation: ESET Industroyer)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "target_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--57ff803c-0380-4176-bb42-f7bb30e79fec",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:58:27.480Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:58:27.480Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5804ae3d-0daf-47a5-b026-d42878f55803",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:31.547Z",
            "description": "This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--469b78dd-a54d-4f7c-8c3b-4a1dd916b433",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--58269882-7e8d-4d24-b7a3-dbef6196cb61",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:31.726Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--83ebd22f-b401-4d59-8219-2294172cf916",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--58a0fd57-ea5f-46b0-84ac-c5b963fb7e94",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:32.042Z",
            "description": "Use multi-factor authentication wherever possible.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ddf3e568-f065-49e2-9106-42029a28ddbd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--58a95ec2-0079-4d58-a7ed-02664c1095ba",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:38:03.976Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:32.268Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--58cb4cb5-4b0f-4ce0-b3f9-5deb9de31c52",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:32.324Z",
            "description": "Utilize out-of-band communication to validate the integrity of data from the primary channel.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--4c2e1408-9d68-4187-8e6b-a77bc52700ec",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--58f5c89c-7ed2-4e14-ac07-6e95da16e2f1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:27:33.713Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:32.703Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--590bdd67-31ef-4edd-b2ac-2bd1b98da19c",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:32.786Z",
            "description": "Consider removal or disabling of programs and features which may be used to run malicious scripts (e.g., scripting language IDEs, PowerShell, visual studio).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5914a482-dbb7-429d-96f3-77f0588ac12d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:33.017Z",
            "description": "Develop a robust cyber threat intelligence capability to determine what types and levels of threat may use software exploits and 0-days against a particular organization.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d48b79b2-076d-483e-949c-0d38aa347499",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--591620d3-5549-49db-9080-43f86a68a590",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:08:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS CISA February 2019",
                    "description": "DHS CISA 2019, February 27 MAR-17-352-01 HatManSafety System Targeted Malware (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/MAR-17-352-01%20HatMan%20-%20Safety%20System%20Targeted%20Malware%20%28Update%20B%29.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:33.598Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) leverages a previously-unknown vulnerability affecting Tricon MP3008 firmware versions 10.010.4 allows an insecurely-written system call to be exploited to achieve an arbitrary 2-byte write primitive, which is then used to gain supervisor privileges. (Citation: DHS CISA February 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5924f411-11f0-4ac9-94b5-0f8dec844999",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:51:26.488Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:51:26.488Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5968cbde-b3da-46df-a8bd-a30c2d85363b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:28:21.910Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:33.839Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--59b53303-e4df-49ec-8e5a-812f2b4265a8",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:09:25.690Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:34.042Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--59cb471f-ad8b-464f-ab8f-c267f329b0dc",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:30:43.206Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:34.481Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary utilized a computer, possibly stolen, with proprietary engineering software to communicate with a wastewater system.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5a43a422-4235-44b8-87e4-bc82e83d44f3",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:13:43.955Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:43.955Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5a97008b-c23b-4890-ba76-c30cf2a18fba",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:07:36.295Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:35.030Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5adfe50f-938b-4d8e-885d-0c0ebf43bdcd",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:21:38.152Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:38.152Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5ae1cf3a-2603-4bf9-ace3-5b1ee5d8d757",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:34.127Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should restrict program uploads to only certain users (e.g., engineers, field technician), preferably through implementing a role-based access mechanism.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5b14c813-09e2-4709-ab42-94830cf9538c",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:42:39.876Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:35.448Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5b701c8d-374a-4a6b-a695-b5c7a747ceb2",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:09:31.950Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:35.656Z",
            "description": "[FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) can read data from holding registers via Modbus communication.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--b34df04a-9d30-4d84-a03f-0d536ee19a05",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5bad41f1-7a3f-42c6-9b9d-6975212697e2",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:59:28.930Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:59:28.930Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5bb313a8-8407-4ec1-a4b0-683ded7f3302",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014",
                    "description": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002718.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kyle Wilhoit",
                    "description": "Kyle Wilhoit Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01  ICS Malware: Havex and Black Energy Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eywmb7UDODY&feature=youtu.be&t=939"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:35.883Z",
            "description": "Execution of [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) relies on a user opening a trojanized installer attached to an email. (Citation: Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014) (Citation: Kyle Wilhoit)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5be1f2b1-75fd-4e7e-901b-495cee4ab5ad",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:34.778Z",
            "description": "Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5beda54d-cd1f-491b-a85e-d7618a0683ad",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:28:10.742Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer. (2017, December 14). Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework \u201cTRITON\u201d and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved January 12, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:36.327Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) tripped a controller into a failed safe state, which caused an automatic shutdown of the plant, this resulted in a pause of plant operations for more than a week. Thereby impacting industrial processes and halting productivity.(Citation: FireEye TRITON Dec 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5bf8473c-3c60-4a8a-8514-c2b50ab8a92d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:36.538Z",
            "description": "Provide the ability to verify the integrity and authenticity of changes to parameter values.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5c0bdf4c-233f-42cd-8900-2a5cc8c9387c",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:36.747Z",
            "description": "[PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006) scans the network to find other Siemens S7 PLC devices to infect. It locates these devices by checking for a service listening on TCP port 102. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5c47a389-30fb-4d42-935d-282c29b67feb",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:32:38.792Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:32:38.792Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5c4add91-8956-4d66-a5e9-d17e7ee92cfb",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:25:44.519Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:25:44.519Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5c61c8a2-bfff-43fb-8397-bff864413d74",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:06:09.673Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:36.954Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5c8c8976-2cac-4185-9719-ef55c1032d6a",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:06:24.432Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:37.377Z",
            "description": "[FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) utilizes the Modbus protocol for transmitting commands to victim devices.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--b34df04a-9d30-4d84-a03f-0d536ee19a05",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5ca1d677-b41f-4f1e-b86b-f5637a418829",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:35.585Z",
            "description": "Authenticate all access to field controllers before authorizing access to, or modification of, a device's state, logic, or programs. Centralized authentication techniques can help manage the large number of field controller accounts needed across the ICS.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5d0a7979-0420-4fd1-b5ad-cb5565cbdf9d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:35.762Z",
            "description": "System and process restarts should be performed when a timeout condition occurs.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--98aa0d61-fc9d-4b2d-8f18-b25d03549f53",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5d33de22-35b0-47fa-bc63-f984522340b7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:36.023Z",
            "description": "Unauthorized connections can be prevented by statically defining the hosts and ports used for automation protocol connections.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5d4f6aff-650c-45fe-a9d8-2080d3ea02d7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:38.316Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections fromsoftware and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5d9d7c5d-c455-4bcc-9d2c-80f6746632b9",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:06:40.704Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:06:40.704Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5db3a67e-8a3a-479e-a723-fe0f0c9e3563",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:03:44.816Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:03:44.816Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5de6bf53-0a02-439b-a8d0-248fa9640a36",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2019",
                    "description": "IEC 2019, February Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:36.340Z",
            "description": "Audit the integrity of PLC system and application code functionality, such as the manipulation of standard function blocks (e.g., Organizational Blocks) that manage the execution of application logic programs. (Citation: IEC February 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5dfa5bad-8b0b-4884-bf01-04ea89e3ccf7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:36.564Z",
            "description": "Consider using IP allowlisting along with user account management to ensure that data access is restricted not only to valid users but only from expected IP ranges to mitigate the use of stolen credentials to access data.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5e099568-fb5c-4f58-af7e-4e1b7a9d1128",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:49:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Tom Fakterman August 2019",
                    "description": "Tom Fakterman 2019, August 05 Sodinokibi: The Crown Prince of Ransomware Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/the-sodinokibi-ransomware-attack"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:38.960Z",
            "description": "[REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) searches for whether the Ahnlab autoup.exe service is running on the target system and injects its payload into this existing process. (Citation: Tom Fakterman August 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5e324da5-0fee-4dac-b289-410d560e03e9",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:46:49.255Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:39.172Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5ee01089-2ab6-4cf5-a39d-adf72666eceb",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:16:28.582Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:39.400Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5f03ee5d-534c-454c-aae3-b41130b00286",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:08:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dan Goodin March 2017",
                    "description": "Dan Goodin 2017, March Virtual machine escape fetches $105,000 at Pwn2Own hacking contest Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/03/hack-that-escapes-vm-by-exploiting-edge-browser-fetches-105000-at-pwn2own/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:37.088Z",
            "description": "Make it difficult for adversaries to advance their operation through exploitation of undiscovered or unpatched vulnerabilities by using sandboxing. Other types of virtualization and application microsegmentation may also mitigate the impact of some types of exploitation. Risks of additional exploits and weaknesses in these systems may still exist. (Citation: Dan Goodin March 2017)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--059ba11e-e3dc-49aa-84ca-88197f40d4ea",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5f57e37e-fa3e-4cb6-973e-7e69f61a65c2",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:24:03.660Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:24:03.660Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5f5c38f6-aa3e-4447-a2d3-a76830ab36b0",
            "created": "2023-09-25T20:49:49.605Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:39.867Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support Account Use Policies, Password Policies, and\u00a0User Account Management.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--5ff26c96-c610-4669-b44e-d6318205be5a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:43:28.841Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:40.092Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--600f0115-94e3-49bf-afa6-0180b3367b94",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:06:15.180Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:40.318Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--604a9bf0-81a3-425b-9005-779c4f0f749d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:37.711Z",
            "description": "Harden the system through operating system controls to prevent the known or unknown use of malicious removable media.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9a945a29-5233-4422-a9e3-3e957b0e8bce",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--604e1830-11ac-4ccf-a1d0-b22b80c1b024",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:07:18.253Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:40.768Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--605f3853-b007-4134-8a2d-6a81a35e7676",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:48:05.559Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:40.983Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6067c069-8e93-4bf0-bb49-97538d55c3de",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:58:32.884Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:41.206Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--610af67a-5e9a-4f10-a88f-d74451e0bac1",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:13:14.589Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:14.589Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6124eea3-34b1-4829-89b7-d837910515e6",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:54:27.561Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:54:27.561Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--61668e93-6d9d-418d-9fbd-2d88c3a66544",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009",
                    "description": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman 2009, September Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-41r1.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dwight Anderson 2014",
                    "description": "Dwight Anderson 2014 Protect Critical Infrastructure Systems With Whitelisting Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/ICS/protect-critical-infrastructure-systems-whitelisting-35312"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:38.430Z",
            "description": "Segment operational assets and their management devices based on their functional role within the process. Enabling more strict isolation to more critical control and operational information within the control environment. (Citation: Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009) (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016) (Citation: Dwight Anderson 2014) \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--61869a8e-d6da-478a-b770-47f97beae8b4",
            "created": "2024-08-15T21:59:43.124Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "NCSC CISA Cyclops Blink Advisory February 2022",
                    "description": "NCSC, CISA, FBI, NSA. (2022, February 23). New Sandworm malware Cyclops Blink replaces VPNFilter. Retrieved March 3, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/joint-advisory-shows-new-sandworm-malware-cyclops-blink-replaces-vpnfilter"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:19:06.690Z",
            "description": "[VPNFilter](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1010) is associated with [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) operations based on reporting on [VPNFilter](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1010) replacement software, [Cyclops Blink](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0687).(Citation: NCSC CISA Cyclops Blink Advisory February 2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "malware--6108f800-10b8-4090-944e-be579f01263d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6258c355-677c-452d-b1fc-27767232437b",
            "created": "2019-03-26T16:19:52.358Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik April 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, April 10 Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:42.032Z",
            "description": "[NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) can move laterally through industrial networks by means of the SMB service. (Citation: Joe Slowik April 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--5719af9d-6b16-46f9-9b28-fb019541ddbb",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--62abe387-10a2-414b-881c-060b70db2157",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:08:39.992Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:42.273Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--62e818b8-38e6-42ff-9424-9a327332eb2a",
            "created": "2022-09-29T20:02:37.671Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Industroyer",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:42.480Z",
            "description": "The [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) IEC 61850 component sends the domain-specific MMSgetNameList request to determine what logical nodes the device supports. It then searches the logical nodes for the CSW value, which indicates the device performs a circuit breaker or switch control function.(Citation: ESET Industroyer)\n\n[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604)'s OPC DA module also uses IOPCBrowseServerAddressSpace to look for items with the following strings: ctlSelOn, ctlOperOn, ctlSelOff, ctlOperOff, Pos and stVal.(Citation: ESET Industroyer)\n\n[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) IEC 60870-5-104 module includes a range mode to discover Information Object Addresses (IOAs) by enumerating through each.(Citation: ESET Industroyer)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--630eb861-eb37-4258-9dbd-87789df2257a",
            "created": "2024-03-26T15:41:26.772Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:42.705Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--632ca9a0-a9f3-4b27-96e1-9fcb8bab11cb",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:39.154Z",
            "relationship_type": "revoked-by",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--68ba94ab-78b8-43e7-83e2-aed3466882c6",
            "target_ref": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--63323b12-86db-4b91-a701-90daf3f98f7c",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:39.353Z",
            "description": "Segment networks and systems appropriately to reduce access to critical system and services communications.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--63453d2f-30f6-40ab-b32c-506d940ecd20",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:43.267Z",
            "description": "Devices that allow remote management of firmware should require authentication before allowing any changes. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918)",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--639148fb-d0a5-4a2f-b6a3-a5ceb83d620b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:44:55.599Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:43.745Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--63ca148e-12c9-4090-b51e-a8fb7a847a2a",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS CISA February 2019",
                    "description": "DHS CISA 2019, February 27 MAR-17-352-01 HatManSafety System Targeted Malware (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/MAR-17-352-01%20HatMan%20-%20Safety%20System%20Targeted%20Malware%20%28Update%20B%29.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels January 2018",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels 2018, January 16 Analyzing the TRITON industrial malware Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.midnightbluelabs.com/blog/2018/1/16/analyzing-the-triton-industrial-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:43.943Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009)'s argument-setting and inject.bin shellcode are added to the program table on the Tricon so that they are executed by the firmware once each cycle. (Citation: DHS CISA February 2019) (Citation: Jos Wetzels January 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--63f863e5-7c00-4474-8e43-bbe8bfb05cc3",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:43:05.495Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:44.216Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--642cae89-bb5c-46f3-9fea-8d747b930c35",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:11:10.018Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:44.432Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary gained remote computer access to the control system and altered data so that whatever function should have occurred at affected pumping stations did not occur or occurred in a different way. This ultimately led to 800,000 liters of raw sewage being spilled out into the community. The raw sewage affected local parks, rivers, and even a local hotel. This resulted in harm to marine life and produced a sickening stench from the community's affected rivers.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--83ebd22f-b401-4d59-8219-2294172cf916",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--648c6649-5861-4b43-a7e5-a9665bafb576",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:44.640Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) uses the first COM port from the configuration file for the communication and the other two COM ports are opened to prevent other processes accessing them. This may block processes or operators from getting reporting messages from a device. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--64db6a39-64d2-4999-97d7-91c28c32f42e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:40.357Z",
            "description": "Perform inline allowlisting of automation protocol commands  to prevent devices from sending unauthorized command or reporting messages. Allow/denylist techniques need to be designed with sufficient accuracy to prevent the unintended blocking of valid messages.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--64f14b30-f71e-4429-b16e-160ae5e346f0",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:20:25.164Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:20:25.164Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--650bca94-b9ad-45dd-90c9-83481247711a",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:02:00.622Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:02:00.622Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--652a68a2-a26b-4e8c-86dd-fd83187ed043",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:40.656Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--652c1e77-cfea-4452-9762-5ba16f874119",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:58:42.002Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:45.324Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6573327e-3757-424e-8570-04ffe7d5d0e2",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:53:25.385Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:45.770Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used port 443 to communicate with their C2 servers. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--65a45501-10de-46a2-89bf-03bbf17aba33",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:41.115Z",
            "description": "Perform integrity checks of firmware before uploading it on a device. Utilize cryptographic hashes to verify the firmware has not been tampered with by comparing it to a trusted hash of the firmware. This could be from trusted data sources (e.g., vendor site) or through a third-party verification service.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--65aa5a0d-926c-4b04-9509-f66a99639877",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:41:34.892Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:46.215Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--65adbdda-7069-40ed-9825-b79ec87e4916",
            "created": "2021-09-21T15:47:37.522Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Carbon Spider August 2021",
                    "description": "Loui, E. and Reynolds, J. (2021, August 30). CARBON SPIDER Embraces Big Game Hunting, Part 1. Retrieved September 20, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/carbon-spider-embraces-big-game-hunting-part-1/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Ransomware as a Service",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2022, May 9). Ransomware as a service: Understanding the cybercrime gig economy and how to protect yourself. Retrieved March 10, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/05/09/ransomware-as-a-service-understanding-the-cybercrime-gig-economy-and-how-to-protect-yourself/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "IBM Ransomware Trends September 2020",
                    "description": "Singleton, C. and Kiefer, C. (2020, September 28). Ransomware 2020: Attack Trends Affecting Organizations Worldwide. Retrieved September 20, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/ransomware-2020-attack-trends-new-techniques-affecting-organizations-worldwide/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FBI Flash FIN7 USB",
                    "description": "The Record. (2022, January 7). FBI: FIN7 hackers target US companies with BadUSB devices to install ransomware. Retrieved January 14, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://therecord.media/fbi-fin7-hackers-target-us-companies-with-badusb-devices-to-install-ransomware/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:20:08.790Z",
            "description": "(Citation: IBM Ransomware Trends September 2020)(Citation: CrowdStrike Carbon Spider August 2021)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB)(Citation: Microsoft Ransomware as a Service)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--3753cc21-2dae-4dfb-8481-d004e74502cc",
            "target_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--65d42e15-749b-4f86-86c5-b9f1da1e60c5",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:25:34.304Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:46.527Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--65e25631-05de-4ce2-88cc-52f91cfbdaf2",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:18:54.267Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:46.764Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6603a100-d655-4e6b-8d38-73c11b89dde4",
            "created": "2019-03-26T16:19:52.358Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik April 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, April 10 Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:46.983Z",
            "description": "[NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) initially infected IT networks, but by means of an exploit (particularly the SMBv1-targeting MS17-010 vulnerability) spread to industrial networks. (Citation: Joe Slowik April 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--5719af9d-6b16-46f9-9b28-fb019541ddbb",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6637d8e6-6578-4d15-a993-d63ced4c4464",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:41.933Z",
            "description": "Authenticate all access to field controllers before authorizing access to, or modification of, a device's state, logic, or programs. Centralized authentication techniques can help manage the large number of field controller accounts needed across the ICS.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--665587ee-1524-4334-9580-2b448c417542",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:26:07.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Mandiant April 2022",
                    "description": "Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Raymond Leong, Chris Sistrunk, Ken Proska, Corey Hildebrandt, Keith Lunden, Nathan Brubaker. (2022, April 25). INDUSTROYER.V2: Old Malware Learns New Tricks. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/industroyer-v2-old-malware-new-tricks"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022",
                    "description": "Forescout. (2022, July 14). Industroyer2 and  INCONTROLLER In-depth Technical Analysis of the Most Recent ICS-specific Malware. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.forescout.com/resources/industroyer2-and-incontroller-report/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:47.442Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) modifies specified Information Object Addresses (IOAs) for specified Application Service Data Unit (ASDU) addresses to either the ON or OFF state.(Citation: Industroyer2 Mandiant April 2022)(Citation: Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--66738beb-0a33-4d70-baec-8307b5b34f80",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:16:05.975Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:47.650Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6681bc38-0b55-4714-b690-c609956b40bf",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:27:33.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA-AA22-103A",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2022, May 25). Alert (AA22-103A) APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-103a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:47.871Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045)  can brute force password-based authentication to Schneider PLCs over  the CODESYS protocol (UDP port 1740).(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A)\n\n [INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045)  can perform brute force guessing of passwords to OPC UA servers using a predefined list of passwords.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A)(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--668f8c4b-225a-4287-ac5b-7717a4f75b5d",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:32:02.472Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:48.099Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary gained remote computer access to the control system and altered data so that whatever function should have occurred at affected pumping stations did not occur or occurred in a different way. The software program installed in the laptop was one developed for changing configurations in the PDS computers. This ultimately led to 800,000 liters of raw sewage being spilled out into the community.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--66af47d7-c430-4ac9-8020-fd79b7059037",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:28:03.422Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA-AA22-103A",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2022, May 25). Alert (AA22-103A) APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-103a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos-Pipedream",
                    "description": "DRAGOS. (2022, April 13). Pipedream: Chernovite\u2019s Emerging Malware Targeting Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/116-Whitepapers/Dragos_ChernoviteWP_v2b.pdf?hsLang=en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:48.321Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can perform a UDP multicast scan of UDP port 27127 to identify Schneider PLCs that use that port for the NetManage protocol.(Citation: Dragos-Pipedream)(Citation: Wylie-22)\n\n[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can use the FINS (Factory Interface Network Service) protocol to scan for and obtain MAC address associated with Omron devices.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A)(Citation: Wylie-22)\n\n[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) has the ability to perform scans for TCP port 4840 to identify devices running OPC UA servers.(Citation: Wylie-22)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--66d041e2-d9e8-46cc-88ee-8e5c1cec8702",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:43:31.956Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:48.549Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--66d8f3d7-68e0-48a0-a563-4746922080fc",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:48:46.756Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:49.011Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--66eb9d6f-498b-4a9a-94d3-fe808460bb68",
            "created": "2024-09-11T22:50:15.550Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Claroty Fuxnet 2024",
                    "description": "Team82. (2024, April 12). Unpacking the Blackjack Group's Fuxnet Malware. Retrieved September 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://claroty.com/team82/research/unpacking-the-blackjack-groups-fuxnet-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:49.271Z",
            "description": "[Fuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157) initial execution relied on accessing external remote services for victim environments.(Citation: Claroty Fuxnet 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--931e2489-8078-4f9f-85b2-a9211950e75b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--66f79019-d52c-46a6-b605-c2335d1d3d20",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:49.483Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) has the capability to stop a service itself, or to login as a user and stop a service as that user. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--671043a9-337f-411a-9ca9-3112e897ab09",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:43.142Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6754195a-99cd-4b45-bafd-4a374ae79bbd",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:02:52.119Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:49.950Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6795c92f-848f-488e-9c25-d240f99c9b34",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:23:39.333Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:50.161Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6797d89b-c631-4a45-90b8-7da2c703b6e7",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--9ad17e7a-5920-42ac-9bf4-545b99162640",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--679e7b8d-57d7-4c1d-8f42-1496606ea666",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jeff Jones May 2018",
                    "description": "Jeff Jones 2018, May 10 Dragos Releases Details on Suspected Russian Infrastructure Hacking Team ALLANITE Retrieved. 2020/01/03 ",
                    "url": "https://www.eisac.com/public-news-detail?id=115909"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:50.595Z",
            "description": "[ALLANITE](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1000) utilized spear phishing to gain access into energy sector environments. (Citation: Jeff Jones May 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--190242d7-73fc-4738-af68-20162f7a5aae",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--67ae8423-c401-4c11-93d3-0454c288d934",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:31:57.421Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:50.822Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--67dae594-4239-4756-a0bc-dee75de19e4c",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:07:14.259Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:51.045Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--67e11f38-9f68-4989-8de3-da65af52063e",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:24:54.896Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 ESET April 2022",
                    "description": "ESET. (2022, April 12). Industroyer2: Industroyer reloaded. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/04/12/industroyer2-industroyer-reloaded/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022",
                    "description": "Forescout. (2022, July 14). Industroyer2 and  INCONTROLLER In-depth Technical Analysis of the Most Recent ICS-specific Malware. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.forescout.com/resources/industroyer2-and-incontroller-report/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:51.272Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) has the capability to poll a target device about its connection status, data transfer status, Common Address (CA), Information Object Addresses (IOAs), and IO state values across multiple priority levels.(Citation: Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022)(Citation: Industroyer2 ESET April 2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--67ed5edc-fd57-4b1c-9677-8f0758154526",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:04:04.581Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:04:04.581Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6833d534-9cbb-4b9f-85b6-93d3d2d6faca",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:44.130Z",
            "description": "Ensure proper process and file permissions are in place to inhibit adversaries from disabling or interfering with critical services.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--685249f9-e51a-4914-8b7f-09679e04198b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:49:11.359Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:51.723Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--686cbd74-ef49-4e77-9599-21777d3a4738",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:44.436Z",
            "description": "Perform inline allowlisting of automation protocol commands  to prevent devices from sending unauthorized command or reporting messages. Allow/denylist techniques need to be designed with sufficient accuracy to prevent the unintended blocking of valid messages.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--688d2041-5c8b-47e0-86e1-a8d16134bdb1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:39:25.832Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:52.150Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6895e54e-3968-41a9-9013-a082cd46fa44",
            "created": "2020-05-14T14:40:26.221Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Red Canary Hospital Thwarted Ryuk October 2020",
                    "description": "Brian Donohue, Katie Nickels, Paul Michaud, Adina Bodkins, Taylor Chapman, Tony Lambert, Jeff Felling, Kyle Rainey, Mike Haag, Matt Graeber, Aaron Didier.. (2020, October 29). A Bazar start: How one hospital thwarted a Ryuk ransomware outbreak. Retrieved October 30, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://redcanary.com/blog/how-one-hospital-thwarted-a-ryuk-ransomware-outbreak/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS/CISA Ransomware Targeting Healthcare October 2020",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2020, October 28). Ransomware Activity Targeting the Healthcare and Public Health Sector. Retrieved October 28, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-302a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019",
                    "description": "Hanel, A. (2019, January 10). Big Game Hunting with Ryuk: Another Lucrative Targeted Ransomware. Retrieved May 12, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/big-game-hunting-with-ryuk-another-lucrative-targeted-ransomware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye KEGTAP SINGLEMALT October 2020",
                    "description": "Kimberly Goody, Jeremy Kennelly, Joshua Shilko, Steve Elovitz, Douglas Bienstock. (2020, October 28). Unhappy Hour Special: KEGTAP and SINGLEMALT With a Ransomware Chaser. Retrieved October 28, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/10/kegtap-and-singlemalt-with-a-ransomware-chaser.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Microsoft Ransomware as a Service",
                    "description": "Microsoft. (2022, May 9). Ransomware as a service: Understanding the cybercrime gig economy and how to protect yourself. Retrieved March 10, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/05/09/ransomware-as-a-service-understanding-the-cybercrime-gig-economy-and-how-to-protect-yourself/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "CrowdStrike Wizard Spider October 2020",
                    "description": "Podlosky, A., Hanel, A. et al. (2020, October 16). WIZARD SPIDER Update: Resilient, Reactive and Resolute. Retrieved June 15, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/wizard-spider-adversary-update/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Sophos New Ryuk Attack October 2020",
                    "description": "Sean Gallagher, Peter Mackenzie, Elida Leite, Syed Shahram, Bill Kearney, Anand Aijan, Sivagnanam Gn, Suraj Mundalik. (2020, October 14). They\u2019re back: inside a new Ryuk ransomware attack. Retrieved October 14, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2020/10/14/inside-a-new-ryuk-ransomware-attack/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant FIN12 Oct 2021",
                    "description": "Shilko, J., et al. (2021, October 7). FIN12: The Prolific Ransomware Intrusion Threat Actor That Has Aggressively Pursued Healthcare Targets. Retrieved June 15, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/sites/default/files/2021-10/fin12-group-profile.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DFIR Ryuk 2 Hour Speed Run November 2020",
                    "description": "The DFIR Report. (2020, November 5). Ryuk Speed Run, 2 Hours to Ransom. Retrieved November 6, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://thedfirreport.com/2020/11/05/ryuk-speed-run-2-hours-to-ransom/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DFIR Ryuk in 5 Hours October 2020",
                    "description": "The DFIR Report. (2020, October 18). Ryuk in 5 Hours. Retrieved October 19, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://thedfirreport.com/2020/10/18/ryuk-in-5-hours/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "DFIR Ryuk's Return October 2020",
                    "description": "The DFIR Report. (2020, October 8). Ryuk\u2019s Return. Retrieved October 9, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://thedfirreport.com/2020/10/08/ryuks-return/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:20:55.390Z",
            "description": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019)(Citation: Red Canary Hospital Thwarted Ryuk October 2020)(Citation: DHS/CISA Ransomware Targeting Healthcare October 2020)(Citation: FireEye KEGTAP SINGLEMALT October 2020)(Citation: DFIR Ryuk's Return October 2020)(Citation: DFIR Ryuk 2 Hour Speed Run November 2020)(Citation: DFIR Ryuk in 5 Hours October 2020)(Citation: Sophos New Ryuk Attack October 2020)(Citation: CrowdStrike Wizard Spider October 2020)(Citation: Mandiant FIN12 Oct 2021)(Citation: Microsoft Ransomware as a Service)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--dd2d9ca6-505b-4860-a604-233685b802c7",
            "target_ref": "malware--a020a61c-423f-4195-8c46-ba1d21abba37",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--68c5a109-9dab-4bf1-953f-05e891bb41ca",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:16:08.208Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:16:08.208Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--68d30c45-766f-48b6-9405-0c969243332b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:44.887Z",
            "description": "All devices or systems changes, including all administrative functions, should require authentication. Consider using access management technologies to enforce authorization on all management interface access attempts, especially when the device does not inherently provide strong authentication and authorization functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--68e0f740-e04d-492c-b735-ce75f86a62f5",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e9f6c9ad-7368-43e3-9ba1-c9261323a1d1",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--691d1193-193a-4433-9a2e-1eb3fa239de6",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:20:00.603Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:20:00.603Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--692324b4-064a-430c-8ffc-7f7acd537778",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec",
                    "description": "Symantec   W32.Duqu The precursor to the next Stuxnet Retrieved. 2019/11/03 ",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/w32-duqu-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:53.160Z",
            "description": "[Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) downloads additional modules for the collection of data in information repositories, including the Infostealer 2 module that can access data from Windows Shares.(Citation: Symantec)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--68dca94f-c11d-421e-9287-7c501108e18c",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--692ff921-c74d-40a4-ab31-879aba5f247a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:42:01.287Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:53.380Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--69576d3c-d0e8-459e-9f2e-0b9c560b2e04",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:45.485Z",
            "description": "Example mitigations could include minimizing its distribution/storage or obfuscating the information (e.g., facility coverterms, codenames).  In many cases this information may be necessary to support critical engineering, maintenance, or operational functions, therefore, it may not be feasible to implement.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--99c746d7-a08a-4169-94f9-b8c0dad716fa",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--69889c90-e6d0-4007-9078-2bfbd7c18a91",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:11:07.813Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, December 1). IRGC-Affiliated Cyber Actors Exploit PLCs in Multiple Sectors, Including U.S. Water and Wastewater Systems Facilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-335a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson December 2023",
                    "description": "Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson. (2023, December 22). Iranian-Linked Hacks Expose Failure to Safeguard US Water System. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-12-22/iranian-linked-hacks-expose-failure-to-safeguard-us-water-system"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:53.819Z",
            "description": "During the [Unitronics Defacement Campaign](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0031), the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) replaced the existing graphic on the [Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0003) [Human-Machine Interface (HMI)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0002) with their own, thereby preventing PLC owners and operators from viewing PLC information on the HMI.(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)(Citation: Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson December 2023) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--698d7c50-daab-4087-a7b4-b2bc8dfd81a7",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "IEC February 2019",
                    "description": "IEC 2019, February Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.021Z",
            "description": "Provide the ability to verify the integrity of controller tasking. While techniques like CRCs and checksums are commonly used, they are not cryptographically secure and can be vulnerable to collisions. Preferably cryptographic hash functions (e.g., SHA-2, SHA-3) should be used. (Citation: IEC February 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--69cf4015-fae1-47f6-9253-1f99209288a5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:27:34.964Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.220Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--69d19946-72fb-40ce-90fb-0757df8353b5",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:05:29.090Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.431Z",
            "description": "[FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) communicates using the Modbus protocol over the standard port of TCP 502.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--b34df04a-9d30-4d84-a03f-0d536ee19a05",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--69f4ed24-c2f7-49e1-99a2-350cc2795820",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:44:19.135Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.629Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--69f5ca66-8334-47e1-920e-b9320e007c3b",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:56:30.277Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:30.277Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6a476f56-2c07-43be-8054-d978ee8eb924",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:42:12.160Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:54.854Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6a5922e1-e282-464d-9e71-ce2c2ed44908",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:25:53.572Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Mandiant April 2022",
                    "description": "Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Raymond Leong, Chris Sistrunk, Ken Proska, Corey Hildebrandt, Keith Lunden, Nathan Brubaker. (2022, April 25). INDUSTROYER.V2: Old Malware Learns New Tricks. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/industroyer-v2-old-malware-new-tricks"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022",
                    "description": "Forescout. (2022, July 14). Industroyer2 and  INCONTROLLER In-depth Technical Analysis of the Most Recent ICS-specific Malware. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.forescout.com/resources/industroyer2-and-incontroller-report/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:55.057Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) is capable of sending command messages from the compromised device to target remote stations to open data channels, retrieve the location and values of Information Object Addresses (IOAs), and modify the IO state values through Select Before Operate I/O, Select/Execute, and Invert Default State operations.(Citation: Industroyer2 Mandiant April 2022)(Citation: Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6ad39b3a-a962-457f-852c-be7fc615e22f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:55.713Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6ad3b5cc-7ba1-4287-8c05-d02385f84f72",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:31:22.789Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:55.918Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6b0e8f60-ecdf-4140-9741-5b50df67353c",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:06:37.050Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, December 1). IRGC-Affiliated Cyber Actors Exploit PLCs in Multiple Sectors, Including U.S. Water and Wastewater Systems Facilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-335a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Lisa Zahner December 2023",
                    "description": "Lisa Zahner. (2023, December 15). Hackers in Iran attack computer at Vero Utilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://veronews.com/2023/12/15/hackers-in-iran-attack-computer-at-vero-utilities/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:56.113Z",
            "description": "During the [Unitronics Defacement Campaign](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0031), the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) exploited devices connected to the public internet, such as internet connected Unitronics [Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0003) with [Human-Machine Interface (HMI)](https://attack.mitre.org/assets/A0002) and networking equipment such as cellular modems found in OT environments.(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)(Citation: Lisa Zahner December 2023)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6b33ae4d-2c8b-434f-994e-7e0b1413ff2c",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:12:03.315Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:12:03.315Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6b54f354-9059-4366-8077-87360c4db2ab",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:18:20.019Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:56.338Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6b5d2643-b399-43aa-8ab1-7557a0446b07",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:47.087Z",
            "description": "Only authorized personnel should be able to change settings for alarms.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6b5fd6d8-ef70-4896-b1a4-7b6c29c3a0d4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:47.369Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should restrict the modification of programs to only certain users (e.g., engineers, field technician), preferably through implementing a role-based access mechanism.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6baa9172-04e4-416d-a009-668cda23fd5d",
            "created": "2021-10-08T15:25:32.143Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:57.213Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) will store and execute SQL code that will extract and execute Stuxnet from the saved CAB file using xp_cmdshell with the following command: `set @s = master..xp _ cmdshell extrac32 /y +@t+ +@t+x; exec(@s);` (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6be4cef2-3d54-4cd8-97df-8a8b37c03605",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:48.108Z",
            "description": "Utilize central storage servers for critical operations where possible (e.g., historians) and keep remote backups. For outstations, use local redundant storage for event recorders. Have backup control system platforms, preferably as hot-standbys to respond immediately to data destruction events. (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6c15ec9f-2b48-419c-adc1-f989833f6187",
            "created": "2021-10-14T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:48.514Z",
            "description": "Install anti-virus software on all workstation and transient assets that may have external access, such as to web, email, or remote file shares.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--faf2b40e-5981-433f-aa46-17458e0026f7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6c31c795-935a-41ad-8db1-d74430f4a553",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:56:59.151Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:58.609Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6c470aa0-b119-4078-80fc-2b66a4d6eac4",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:09:36.756Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:58.835Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6c9c1c11-c996-4d2b-bbed-d73ae30efd2e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:08:52.975Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:59.035Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6cf80e5b-075f-4220-83a5-dc471bb9244b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f9ea25e7-6e63-4ef1-a8ad-47a4a261e175",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6d1906b4-e815-4688-86f1-ce61d403f8c6",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:48.970Z",
            "description": "All remote services should require strong authentication before providing user access.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6d822f86-5793-403a-b176-5d533f6b81b3",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014",
                    "description": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002718.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:59.500Z",
            "description": "The [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) RAT is distributed through trojanized installers planted on compromised vendor sites. (Citation: Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6e329090-fc8c-4a7f-bbf9-08067ad9ebe5",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:35:16.772Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:02:59.730Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary used a dedicated analog two-way radio system to send false data and instructions to pumping stations and the central computer.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6e3c2c04-0838-4863-80a7-d73ef5ac6a64",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:49.358Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for control functions should provide authenticity through MAC functions or digital signatures. If not, utilize bump-in-the-wire devices or VPNs to enforce communication authenticity between devices that are not capable of supporting this (e.g., legacy controllers, RTUs).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6eafa3e9-f53f-43b5-ac24-1415b05b537f",
            "created": "2024-03-26T15:42:22.024Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:00.601Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6ed07095-c23a-4676-807f-a544deaeb274",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:49:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "McAfee Labs October 2019",
                    "description": "McAfee Labs 2019, October 02 McAfee ATR Analyzes Sodinokibi aka REvil Ransomware-as-a-Service  What The Code Tells Us Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/other-blogs/mcafee-labs/mcafee-atr-analyzes-sodinokibi-aka-revil-ransomware-as-a-service-what-the-code-tells-us"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "SecureWorks September 2019",
                    "description": "SecureWorks 2019, September 24 REvil/Sodinokibi Ransomware Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/revil-sodinokibi-ransomware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:00.821Z",
            "description": "[REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) sends exfiltrated data from the victims system using HTTPS POST messages sent to the C2 system. (Citation: McAfee Labs October 2019) (Citation: SecureWorks September 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6f0384e6-73c8-4fc7-bc0c-0a8c2bfa473d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:49.986Z",
            "description": "Utilize network allowlists to restrict unnecessary connections to network devices (e.g., comm servers, serial to ethernet converters) and services, especially in cases when devices have limits on the number of simultaneous sessions they support.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6f1479d9-dfd4-4baa-abd5-9847781ef9bf",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:41:50.116Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:01.272Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6f2c2043-6487-467a-bb49-e8cd2509ae9f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:50.262Z",
            "description": "Regularly scan externally facing systems for vulnerabilities and establish procedures to rapidly patch systems when critical vulnerabilities are discovered through scanning and public disclosure.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6f2ddada-d7df-4788-b5d1-9add185142e0",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:02:57.330Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:01.724Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6f72c60e-2739-40b6-b6a9-66d2a3d1833e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:27:14.172Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:01.937Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6f950c91-125b-46a0-aa40-239b4de2306a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:14:03.305Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:02.130Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6f9e3f69-ac1c-479e-ae2d-73dd1413d4dd",
            "created": "2024-09-11T23:00:00.833Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Claroty Fuxnet 2024",
                    "description": "Team82. (2024, April 12). Unpacking the Blackjack Group's Fuxnet Malware. Retrieved September 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://claroty.com/team82/research/unpacking-the-blackjack-groups-fuxnet-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:02.333Z",
            "description": "[Fuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157) repeatedly wrote arbitrary data over the Meter-Bus channel from impacted devices to connected sensors to render sensor data acquisition useless.(Citation: Claroty Fuxnet 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--931e2489-8078-4f9f-85b2-a9211950e75b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6fa3aee4-2a29-4c0f-9e61-1f7df5eccc00",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:02.537Z",
            "description": "[PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006) may manipulate any outputs of the PLC. Using the POU POKE any value within the process image may be modified. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--6ff846b1-9444-45f1-837a-4eeeb16bdfe7",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:25:22.673Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022",
                    "description": "Forescout. (2022, July 14). Industroyer2 and  INCONTROLLER In-depth Technical Analysis of the Most Recent ICS-specific Malware. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.forescout.com/resources/industroyer2-and-incontroller-report/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:02.767Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) leverages a hardcoded list of remote-station IP addresses to iteratively initiate communications and collect information across multiple priority IEC-104 priority levels.(Citation: Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7041d8e5-3b74-402a-86b3-fd59def80632",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine",
                    "description": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine   The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:51.225Z",
            "description": "Hot-standbys in diverse locations can ensure continued operations if the primarily system are compromised or unavailable. At the network layer, protocols such as the Parallel Redundancy Protocol can be used to simultaneously use redundant and diverse communication over a local network. (Citation: M. Rentschler and H. Heine)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f0f5c87a-a58d-440a-b3b5-ca679d98c6dd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--709c4e40-c5c6-405b-bc3d-0adfea40ccd4",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS CISA February 2019",
                    "description": "DHS CISA 2019, February 27 MAR-17-352-01 HatManSafety System Targeted Malware (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/MAR-17-352-01%20HatMan%20-%20Safety%20System%20Targeted%20Malware%20%28Update%20B%29.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:03.420Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) communicates with Triconex controllers using a custom component framework written entirely in Python. The modules that implement the TriStation communication protocol and other supporting components are found in a separate file -- library.zip -- the main script that employs this functionality is compiled into a standalone py2exe Windows executable -- trilog.exe  which includes a Python environment. (Citation: DHS CISA February 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--71422483-33e4-4131-a4ec-40322d91d8a0",
            "created": "2019-06-24T17:20:24.258Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Catalin Cimpanu April 2016",
                    "description": "Catalin Cimpanu 2016, April 26 Malware Shuts Down German Nuclear Power Plant on Chernobyl's 30th Anniversary Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://news.softpedia.com/news/on-chernobyl-s-30th-anniversary-malware-shuts-down-german-nuclear-power-plant-503429.shtml"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec June 2015",
                    "description": "Symantec 2015, June 30 Simple steps to protect yourself from the Conficker Worm Retrieved. 2019/12/05 ",
                    "url": "https://support.symantec.com/us/en/article.tech93179.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:04.077Z",
            "description": "[Conficker](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0608) exploits Windows drive shares. Once it has infected a computer, [Conficker](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0608) automatically copies itself to all visible open drive shares on other computers inside the network. (Citation: Symantec June 2015) Nuclear power plant officials suspect someone brought in [Conficker](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0608) by accident on a USB thumb drive, either from home or computers found in the power plant's facility. (Citation: Catalin Cimpanu April 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--58eddbaf-7416-419a-ad7b-e65b9d4c3b55",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--71a2c3f5-7383-4bd8-a830-dc2aae62a977",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:55:37.459Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:04.320Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--71c9db9c-6f0c-4e33-a20a-dcd5b791a49a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:51.948Z",
            "description": "Use user training as a way to bring awareness to common phishing and spearphishing techniques and how to raise suspicion for potentially malicious events.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--dc61c280-c29d-44e5-a960-c0dd1623d2ba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--71e9230d-eec8-4ce1-bc96-9288bacc8b13",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:04.796Z",
            "description": "To protect against AiTM, authentication mechanisms should not send credentials across the network in plaintext and should also implement mechanisms to prevent replay attacks (such as nonces or timestamps). Challenge-response based authentication techniques that do not directly send credentials over the network provide better protection from AiTM.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7200f777-0ddd-4c9c-a022-26d49ea524d3",
            "created": "2024-09-11T23:00:48.583Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Claroty Fuxnet 2024",
                    "description": "Team82. (2024, April 12). Unpacking the Blackjack Group's Fuxnet Malware. Retrieved September 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://claroty.com/team82/research/unpacking-the-blackjack-groups-fuxnet-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:04.999Z",
            "description": "[Fuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157) impaired sensor communication to impacted devices resulting in a loss of view condition for overall system monitoring.(Citation: Claroty Fuxnet 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--931e2489-8078-4f9f-85b2-a9211950e75b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7205e59d-c09a-4b06-b1fc-cee61ef8344d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:15:19.909Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:15:19.909Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7258c355-677c-452d-b1fc-27767232437b",
            "created": "2019-03-26T16:19:52.358Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "David Voreacos, Katherine Chinglinsky, Riley Griffin December 2019",
                    "description": "David Voreacos, Katherine Chinglinsky, Riley Griffin 2019, December 03 Merck Cyberattacks $1.3 Billion Question: Was It an Act of War? Retrieved. 2019/12/06 ",
                    "url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-12-03/merck-cyberattack-s-1-3-billion-question-was-it-an-act-of-war"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:05.205Z",
            "description": "[NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) disrupted manufacturing facilities supplying vaccines, resulting in a halt of production and the inability to meet demand for specific vaccines. (Citation: David Voreacos, Katherine Chinglinsky, Riley Griffin December 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--5719af9d-6b16-46f9-9b28-fb019541ddbb",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--730580d4-d68c-407f-9d09-f379e9aefc7e",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:25:41.475Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022",
                    "description": "Forescout. (2022, July 14). Industroyer2 and  INCONTROLLER In-depth Technical Analysis of the Most Recent ICS-specific Malware. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.forescout.com/resources/industroyer2-and-incontroller-report/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:05.631Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1072) uses a General Interrogation command to monitor the device\u2019s Information Object Addresses (IOAs) and their IO state values.(Citation: Industroyer2 Forescout July 2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--73093c08-ea39-4956-8bff-55e15f6630cd",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:07:59.785Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:05.863Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--739e7b8d-57d7-4c1d-8f42-1496606ea666",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos",
                    "description": "Dragos Symantec 2019, March 27 Elfin: Relentless Espionage Group Targets Multiple Organizations in Saudi Arabia and U.S. Retrieved. 2019/12/02  Magnallium Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/resource/magnallium/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec March 2019",
                    "description": "Symantec 2019, March 27 Elfin: Relentless Espionage Group Targets Multiple Organizations in Saudi Arabia and U.S. Retrieved. 2019/12/02 ",
                    "url": "https://www.symantec.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/elfin-apt33-espionage"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:06.078Z",
            "description": "[APT33](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0064) utilized PowerShell scripts to establish command and control and install files for execution. (Citation: Symantec March 2019) (Citation: Dragos)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--fbd29c89-18ba-4c2d-b792-51c0adee049f",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--73c358d5-f4ce-4ce5-aa3d-d2ede8aff148",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:17:16.271Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:06.534Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--740082b7-2411-473a-a59d-4d46cf12f8b5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:45:01.516Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:06.769Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7411b05d-209a-4907-83ce-00ab1538fbac",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S February 2014",
                    "description": "Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S 2014, February Command & Control Understanding, Denying and Detecting Retrieved. 2016/04/20 ",
                    "url": "https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.1136.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:53.102Z",
            "description": "Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level. Signatures are often for unique indicators within protocols and may be based on the specific C2 protocol used by a particular adversary or tool and will likely be different across various malware families and versions. Adversaries will likely change tool C2 signatures over time or construct protocols in such a way as to avoid detection by common defensive tools. (Citation: Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S February 2014)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--745b5268-f2b3-499c-a6a4-63d7e8667ff7",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:57:23.090Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:07.186Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--74b66248-2cb6-46ea-b52c-c7d60c170f3f",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "MDudek-ICS",
                    "description": "MDudek-ICS   TRISIS-TRITON-HATMAN Retrieved. 2019/11/03 ",
                    "url": "https://github.com/MDudek-ICS/TRISIS-TRITON-HATMAN/tree/master/decompiled_code/library"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:07.420Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) has the ability to halt or run a program through the TriStation protocol. TsHi.py contains instances of halt and run functions being executed. (Citation: MDudek-ICS)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--74ec9ce5-3155-488c-ae56-570c47a1d207",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:45:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "D. Parsons and D. Wylie September 2019",
                    "description": "D. Parsons and D. Wylie 2019, September Practical Industrial Control System (ICS) Cybersecurity: IT and OT Have Converged  Discover and Defend Your Assets Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.csiac.org/journal-article/practical-industrial-control-system-ics-cybersecurity-it-and-ot-have-converged-discover-and-defend-your-assets/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Colin Gray",
                    "description": "Colin Gray D. Parsons and D. Wylie 2019, September Practical Industrial Control System (ICS) Cybersecurity: IT and OT Have Converged  Discover and Defend Your Assets Retrieved. 2020/09/25  How SDN Can Improve Cybersecurity in OT Networks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://cdn.selinc.com/assets/Literature/Publications/Technical%20Papers/6891_HowSDN_CG_20180720_Web2.pdf?v=20190312-231901"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Josh Rinaldi April 2016",
                    "description": "Josh Rinaldi 2016, April Still a Thrill: OPC UA Device Discovery Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.rtautomation.com/rtas-blog/still-a-thrill-opc-ua-device-discovery/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Aditya K Sood July 2019",
                    "description": "Aditya K Sood 2019, July Discovering and fingerprinting BACnet devices Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2019/07/10/bacnet-devices/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Langner November 2018",
                    "description": "Langner 2018, November Why Ethernet/IP changes the OT asset discovery game Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.langner.com/2018/11/why-ethernet-ip-changes-the-ot-asset-discovery-game/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:53.461Z",
            "description": "ICS environments typically have more statically defined devices, therefore minimize the use of both IT discovery protocols (e.g., DHCP, LLDP) and discovery functions in automation protocols. (Citation: D. Parsons and D. Wylie September 2019) (Citation: Colin Gray) Examples of automation protocols with discovery capabilities include OPC UA Device Discovery  (Citation: Josh Rinaldi April 2016), BACnet  (Citation: Aditya K Sood July 2019), and Ethernet/IP. (Citation: Langner November 2018)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--75366cbf-e45f-4cfd-9e76-5af4dfe10766",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:53.666Z",
            "description": "Execution prevention may block malicious software from accessing protected resources through the command line interface.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--754521fc-4306-4daa-831b-6b6fb45847e2",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "MITRE June 2020",
                    "description": "MITRE 2020, June CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:53.870Z",
            "description": "All APIs used to perform execution, especially those hosted on embedded controllers (e.g., PLCs), should provide adequate authorization enforcement of user access. Minimize user's access to only required API calls. (Citation: MITRE June 2020)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7584e57f-1258-4c47-b18d-99019a586e6c",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:16:35.382Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:08.328Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--758773e3-d23d-44db-b5d3-643cde5b41f1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:45:07.511Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:08.526Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--758d5818-f919-4a6b-9dc2-a212595a11bd",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:08.752Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections fromsoftware and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--75c27f4e-d1e3-490a-9793-a6fc8e326a48",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:06:33.098Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:09.180Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--75e6adae-06a7-47e9-878e-74ca73004c3b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:30:01.641Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:09.421Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--75f486d8-c651-40ba-8e2e-81ee6c924ffc",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:56:11.885Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:56:11.885Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--76537fd7-5782-4a8d-9b54-117b168a4306",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:38:51.155Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:09.631Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--768b6ce0-8b1c-4424-a9e7-ee659a948fa9",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:20:40.018Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:20:40.018Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--77566f94-5e26-41c9-892f-2f62b395afe7",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:01:43.057Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:10.076Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--77f3a64d-227d-487f-8484-89007e05b59f",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:16:14.153Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:10.528Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--78881a3d-59ad-4fbb-8bd2-69388a068584",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:01:45.518Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:10.749Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--788a2994-f3fd-4ac4-9ef3-06a72a4e1631",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:09:33.225Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:10.979Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--792324b4-064a-430c-8ffc-7f7acd537778",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec",
                    "description": "Symantec   W32.Duqu The precursor to the next Stuxnet Retrieved. 2019/11/03 ",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/w32-duqu-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:11.665Z",
            "description": "[Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038)'s purpose is to gather intelligence data and assets from entities such as industrial infrastructure and system manufacturers, amongst others not in the industrial sector, in order to more easily conduct a future attack against another third party.(Citation: Symantec)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--68dca94f-c11d-421e-9287-7c501108e18c",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--79235599-e23f-43cb-9c56-1eb22b7c4664",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:38:38.201Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:11.899Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--79324bdd-cdab-4d0a-af60-af1047c1d117",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:12.112Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--79407d1e-8e16-48c1-939c-ad92f91dd988",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:30:19.141Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:12.327Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--798919d3-df8b-463f-b2be-4c1aa8089384",
            "created": "2021-10-14T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "North America Transmission Forum December 2019",
                    "description": "North America Transmission Forum 2019, December NATF Transient Cyber Asset Guidance Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.natf.net/docs/natf/documents/resources/security/natf-transient-cyber-asset-guidance.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:56.131Z",
            "description": "Segment and control software movement between business and OT environments by way of one directional DMZs. Web access should be restricted from the OT environment. Engineering workstations, including transient cyber assets (TCAs) should have minimal connectivity to external networks, including Internet and email, further limit the extent to which these devices are dual-homed to multiple networks. (Citation: North America Transmission Forum December 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--798de2f3-218b-4622-a62c-84e3840d45a6",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:00:10.845Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:12.762Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--79c6d710-baf4-411e-a3f5-9cb8d42b7c19",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:32:22.510Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:12.990Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--79d05cb2-ded0-4847-b52e-af7af421f303",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Kevin Savage and Branko Spasojevic",
                    "description": "Kevin Savage and Branko Spasojevic   W32.Flamer Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190930124504/https:/www.symantec.com/security-center/writeup/2012-052811-0308-99"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:13.202Z",
            "description": "[Flame](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0143) can collect AutoCAD design data and visio diagrams as well as other documents that may contain operational information. (Citation: Kevin Savage and Branko Spasojevic)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ff6840c9-4c87-4d07-bbb6-9f50aa33d498",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7a55fc66-0d5c-4ef6-af28-d4a4bb84381d",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Hydro",
                    "description": "Hydro Kevin Beaumont   How Lockergoga took down Hydro  ransomware used in targeted attacks aimed at big business Retrieved. 2019/10/16  Retrieved. 2019/10/16 ",
                    "url": "https://www.hydro.com/en/media/on-the-agenda/cyber-attack/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kevin Beaumont",
                    "description": "Kevin Beaumont   How Lockergoga took down Hydro  ransomware used in targeted attacks aimed at big business Retrieved. 2019/10/16 ",
                    "url": "https://doublepulsar.com/how-lockergoga-took-down-hydro-ransomware-used-in-targeted-attacks-aimed-at-big-business-c666551f5880"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:13.651Z",
            "description": "Some of Norsk Hydro's production systems were impacted by a [LockerGoga](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0372) infection. This resulted in a loss of view which forced the company to switch to manual operations. (Citation: Kevin Beaumont) (Citation: Hydro)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--5af7a825-2d9f-400d-931a-e00eb9e27f48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7aa93b40-80da-4bb6-8a7c-88e5f5e44669",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:57.162Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for device management should authenticate all network messages to prevent unauthorized system changes.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7b1e00af-11fb-4862-a193-55dc9b6652c0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:33:23.456Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:14.317Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7b814e39-71fc-4e99-b46f-b24eca6cc780",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:45:42.727Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:14.536Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7b8f6d2b-3091-4b0f-9987-88cd344007a1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f4f3b9a6-2de0-45a5-8936-2ad9288191b9",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7b95b2aa-9561-494f-8e02-d36edc14e38b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:39:54.089Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:14.746Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7bb1dbec-7314-479a-9496-86f8e25041eb",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:40:43.415Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:14.965Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7bbe6ac7-d0fb-40e4-8537-bdded7173f07",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:49:01.768Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:15.169Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7bd46875-7d59-4d65-8f9b-d48d3cb54a84",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:07:15.553Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:15.437Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7bd6e5e4-6614-41ed-8a84-8eb633a91e07",
            "created": "2023-03-31T17:45:32.860Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:15.644Z",
            "description": "During the [2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) utilized VBS and batch scripts for file movement and as wrappers for PowerShell execution.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7be2d11d-87be-4d1c-8f5b-b7e59ad191ea",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:07:01.309Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:15.875Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7bfaf0ff-6d88-460f-aa32-3fb0267b4f20",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:58.170Z",
            "description": "Traffic to known anonymity networks and C2 infrastructure can be blocked through the use of network allow and block lists. It should be noted that this kind of blocking may be circumvented by other techniques likeDomain Fronting.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7c1eee62-3307-4e25-8a20-919ccd56ec1c",
            "created": "2022-09-29T01:37:13.671Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Brubaker-Incontroller",
                    "description": "Nathan Brubaker, Keith Lunden, Ken Proska, Muhammad Umair, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Corey Hildebrandt, Rob Caldwell. (2022, April 13). INCONTROLLER: New State-Sponsored Cyber Attack Tools Target Multiple Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/incontroller-state-sponsored-ics-tool"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:16.338Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can use the CODESYS protocol to download programs to Schneider PLCs.(Citation: Wylie-22)(Citation: Brubaker-Incontroller) \n\n[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can modified program logic on Omron PLCs using either the program download or backup transfer functions available through the HTTP server.(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7c2edd6c-5189-4ba9-af3d-bdaff4a699ca",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:58.436Z",
            "description": "Consider removing or restricting features that are unnecessary to an asset's intended function within the control environment.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7c3b65e8-e8b7-4c3b-b27b-e216986d8976",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:17.196Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) toggles breakers to the open state utilizing unauthorized command messages. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7c433b29-0ad3-4574-990f-e3d6291e7f23",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:48:29.126Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:17.412Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7c893581-c847-495a-aa93-9d98c516e1ae",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:17.887Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603)'s infection sequence consists of code blocks and data blocks that will be downloaded to the PLC to alter its behavior. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7cd47eb6-e73a-4a0b-a62e-7e066090b804",
            "created": "2024-03-27T19:55:40.243Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Ken Proska, John Wolfram, Jared Wilson, Dan Black, Keith Lunden, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Nathan Brubaker, Tyler Mclellan, Chris Sistrunk. (2023, November 9). Sandworm Disrupts Power in Ukraine Using a Novel Attack Against Operational Technology. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/sandworm-disrupts-power-ukraine-operational-technology"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:18.083Z",
            "description": "During the [2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0034), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used the MicroSCADA SCIL-API to specify a set of SCADA instructions, including the sending of unauthorized commands to substation devices.(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--df8eb785-70f8-4300-b444-277ba849083d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7d0ec383-4c5d-474d-9262-3f3c0d6c05b1",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:25:59.368Z",
            "description": "Ensure devices have an alternative method for communicating in the event that a valid COM port is unavailable.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7d42ba22-9595-4463-8dda-c0e47a154fed",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:07:48.301Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:18.952Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7d5759cd-890e-4ec5-b92b-aba225d52960",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:19.166Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections fromsoftware and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7d6c4a00-acde-40af-bf91-a4ef009cf135",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:19.600Z",
            "description": "Devices that allow remote management of firmware should require authentication before allowing any changes. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7d752615-33f0-44ed-a156-25d84f384e75",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:57:11.627Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:19.824Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), power company phone line operators were hit with a denial of service attack so that they couldn\u2019t field customers\u2019 calls about outages. Operators were also denied service to their downstream devices when their serial-to-ethernet converters had their firmware overwritten, which bricked the devices. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7db9687b-7099-4cb6-a040-bc32fc549a81",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:00.476Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for control functions should provide authenticity through MAC functions or digital signatures. If not, utilize bump-in-the-wire devices or VPNs to enforce communication authenticity between devices that are not capable of supporting this (e.g., legacy controllers, RTUs).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7dd11d5e-1c1c-4f94-b4bf-4fd59988539b",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:53:54.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:20.498Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7dedeb73-ef90-4282-a635-cc37326773af",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S February 2014",
                    "description": "Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S 2014, February Command & Control Understanding, Denying and Detecting Retrieved. 2016/04/20 ",
                    "url": "https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.1136.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:00.787Z",
            "description": "Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level. Signatures are often for unique indicators within protocols and may be based on the specific protocol used by a particular adversary or tool and will likely be different across various malware families and versions. Adversaries will likely change tool C2 signatures over time or construct protocols in such a way as to avoid detection by common defensive tools. (Citation: Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S February 2014)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7ebee5d3-ce7f-436c-8b4a-087363d6b858",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:32:46.335Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:21.134Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7ed1ad67-942a-424e-ad81-8b69a4f0c706",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:28:16.122Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:21.376Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7efa1a31-da21-4925-aab0-96a012d5b2a7",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:43:22.756Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:21.575Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7f520bef-d179-415a-b921-d30ff60d2284",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--636329e6-32b9-4a71-acf8-ae6d01a6b4ef",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7fc9fbfc-ab9f-4189-bc1f-d473e9ef36b5",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:01.772Z",
            "description": "Utilize network allowlists to restrict unnecessary connections to network devices (e.g., comm servers, serial to ethernet converters) and services, especially in cases when devices have limits on the number of simultaneous sessions they support.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7fdaa9be-aecf-459f-b028-7c35dc8b6451",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:02.015Z",
            "description": "Limit privileges of user accounts and groups so that only designated administrators or engineers can interact with alarm management and alarm configuration thresholds.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e57ebc6d-785f-40c8-adb1-b5b5e09b3b48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--7ff12adb-bc9a-42e5-9cbf-613b200c36dc",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dan Goodin March 2017",
                    "description": "Dan Goodin 2017, March Virtual machine escape fetches $105,000 at Pwn2Own hacking contest Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/03/hack-that-escapes-vm-by-exploiting-edge-browser-fetches-105000-at-pwn2own/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:02.216Z",
            "description": "Make it difficult for adversaries to advance their operation through exploitation of undiscovered or unpatched vulnerabilities by using sandboxing. Other types of virtualization and application microsegmentation may also mitigate the impact of some types of exploitation. Risks of additional exploits and weaknesses in these systems may still exist. (Citation: Dan Goodin March 2017)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--059ba11e-e3dc-49aa-84ca-88197f40d4ea",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--80250a66-dec0-4ef5-8a76-b3aa24fe5bc3",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:15:36.610Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:15:36.610Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--808174b7-3ab0-45b5-963e-5c10dd749e3c",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:22.903Z",
            "description": "Statically defined ARP entries can prevent manipulation and sniffing of switched network traffic, as some AiTM techniques depend on sending spoofed ARP messages to manipulate network host's dynamic ARP tables.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--808c57e7-72ef-4860-b9ea-8ea072e2385a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:02.486Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for control functions should provide authenticity through MAC functions or digital signatures. If not, utilize bump-in-the-wire devices or VPNs to enforce communication authenticity between devices that are not capable of supporting this (e.g., legacy controllers, RTUs).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--80a69b56-337d-446a-8167-8b9f63083c4f",
            "created": "2022-09-28T21:24:21.810Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA-AA22-103A",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2022, May 25). Alert (AA22-103A) APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-103a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:23.373Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) includes a library that creates Modbus connections with a device to request its device ID.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A)(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--80cf98bd-b7dc-45cf-91a6-4ab6b79a7f0b",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:17:49.585Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:23.570Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--81055366-e78b-40e0-a799-4b536ba03db3",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:45:22.474Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:23.776Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--81352e47-4317-45e3-88b9-a97dd2166727",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:29:05.074Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer. (2017, December 14). Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework \u201cTRITON\u201d and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved January 12, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:24.181Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) downloaded multiple rounds of control logic to the Safety Instrumented System (SIS) controllers through a program append operation.(Citation: FireEye TRITON Dec 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--817ae105-3ddf-4766-9d26-ca1ec3c64eb6",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:11:42.579Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:24.426Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--81806f43-c9aa-486e-8032-4e4665ba0d39",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:43:13.760Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:24.650Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--818ce9d0-8fc2-4a34-a062-f0e6995bdf32",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:13:00.330Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:24.878Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--81ca994a-b350-424d-8f39-a0b64aa76260",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:03.688Z",
            "description": "Users can be trained to identify social engineering techniques and spearphishing emails.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--dc61c280-c29d-44e5-a960-c0dd1623d2ba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--82b20c35-88c6-49aa-8241-a59512b17b74",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Langer Stuxnet",
                    "description": "Ralph Langner. (2013, November). To Kill a Centrifuge: A Technical Analysis of What Stuxnet's Creators Tried to Achieve. Retrieved December 7, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.langner.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/to-kill-a-centrifuge.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:25.567Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) was able to self-replicate by being spread through removable drives. A willing insider or unknown third party, such as a contractor, may have brought the removable media into the target environment. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011) The earliest version of Stuxnet relied on physical installation, infecting target systems when an infected configuration file carried by a USB stick was opened. (Citation: Langer Stuxnet)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--83a964cb-730c-44e4-859b-b5246159396b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:59:43.275Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:25.998Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--83c29179-4805-403a-acf5-5151c4d2e556",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:26.229Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604)'s OPC and IEC 61850 protocol modules include the ability to send stVal requests to read the status of operational variables. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--83c8c216-7ff7-4bd3-9db4-573469628d95",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik August 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, August 15 CRASHOVERRIDE: Reassessing the 2016 Ukraine Electric Power Event as a Protection-Focused Attack Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:26.438Z",
            "description": "The [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) SIPROTEC DoS module places the victim device into firmware update mode. This is a legitimate use case under normal circumstances, but in this case is used the adversary to prevent the SIPROTEC from performing its designed protective functions. As a result the normal safeguards are disabled, leaving an unprotected link in the electric transmission. (Citation: Joe Slowik August 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--841ec349-0f4c-43fa-89b8-ef3656497fc9",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:26.883Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) contains an IEC 61850 module that enumerates all connected network adapters to determine their TCP/IP subnet masks. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--842a2b85-4e77-4eb6-99e1-c4a231aadf48",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:04.647Z",
            "description": "Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system host files to specify what external connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--84671396-a556-4a5d-9bb9-cac697277371",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:31:12.255Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:27.313Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8474e6ef-39c4-4ecc-ba5a-cbd9b32b5c65",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:11:15.610Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:27.552Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--84b0a0f5-79e6-4e18-a7fe-0a0427911416",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:49:31.019Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:49:31.019Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--84fa50ff-bb84-4ab6-b759-658c57532c42",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:32:09.319Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:27.783Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--84fd1e14-44a8-4eac-9bfc-67b50ea1acf7",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:01:32.878Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:28.038Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8530c1ea-fe9f-4b04-be34-7404d5e30e75",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:59:22.291Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:28.278Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--856cf76e-5058-41f0-ae71-6cb463fc36c7",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:18:02.902Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:02.902Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--856e18a8-df82-402a-9105-ff4b7e4caf12",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:07:17.528Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024",
                    "description": "Nozomi Networks Labs. (2024, July 24). Cyberwarfare Targeting OT: Protecting Against FrostyGoop/BUSTLEBERM Malware. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/protecting-against-frostygoop-bustleberm-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:28.490Z",
            "description": "[FrostyGoop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1165) is compiled for Windows systems and leverages a Windows-based command line interface.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024) Modbus interaction functionality is based off a publicly available Github repository for command line input.(Citation: Nozomi BUSTLEBERM 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--b34df04a-9d30-4d84-a03f-0d536ee19a05",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--857f7961-1b88-4ec7-8821-25083dc70048",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:02:37.703Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:37.703Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--85b1bbb1-458f-4be3-8bd9-ef0fa23179ee",
            "created": "2025-09-29T18:57:01.145Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T18:57:01.145Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--86668811-c57b-4aba-860f-22ca4d7b9600",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:05:59.118Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:59.118Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--868db512-b897-4a54-ae56-ac78f6c93a14",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:29:18.027Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA-AA22-103A",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2022, May 25). Alert (AA22-103A) APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-103a"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:28.791Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can use a Telnet session to load a malware implant on Omron PLCs.(Citation: CISA-AA22-103A)(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--86a8d6aa-beff-4343-a0b2-dd099202b2dc",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:58:13.866Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:29.013Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--86d45e92-80ba-4f97-b3a3-03ad3469658b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:06.060Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--86e7a6d1-baa5-4a8d-9ba8-302fb0d72f9c",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:09:41.659Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:29.875Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--86f1655a-db46-4d49-9051-6653da83eb13",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:30.320Z",
            "description": "Protect files with proper permissions to limit opportunities for adversaries to interact and collect information from databases. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--874752f4-59a2-46e9-ae28-befe0142b223",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:30.532Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) uses a hardcoded password in the WinCC software's database server as one of the mechanisms used to propagate to nearby systems. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c9a8d958-fcdb-40d2-af4c-461c8031651a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--876e4a50-7c73-4733-bad0-e3a701adf059",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:58:16.538Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:58:16.538Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--87c8ab74-576d-4962-b641-0762d374d1e8",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:30.772Z",
            "description": "The [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) SIPROTEC DoS module exploits the CVE-2015-5374 vulnerability in order to render a Siemens SIPROTEC device unresponsive. While the vulnerability does not directly cause the restart or shutdown of the device, the device must be restarted manually before it can resume operations. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--88363abe-64e6-4a4a-9d6e-e9a886f1d372",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--825106d1-6f44-47a1-b8dd-c3e3b6cecab7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--88402181-99da-4c51-93d2-5203ee139da5",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fddbd892-faa2-40e1-b40d-2c6e33c00f14",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--88edcf36-a6f2-474f-b9c2-7800b34919a2",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:24:07.864Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:31.654Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--896e91ed-b145-43c2-a4c6-aa768fcb5293",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:49:53.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:49:53.274Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--897cfc36-4253-4e1e-8825-726dbe9088a2",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:55:02.944Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:32.235Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8a06c15b-b7e5-4374-9265-8d9020e126cd",
            "created": "2021-10-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:32.672Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) infects DLL's associated with the WinCC Simatic manager which are responsible for opening project files. If a user opens an uninfected project file using a compromised manager, the file will be infected with Stuxnet code. If an infected project is opened with the Simatic manager, the modified data file will trigger a search for the `xyz.dll` file. If the `xyz.dll` file is not found in any of the specified locations, the malicious DLL will be loaded and executed by the manager. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8a3a5d90-a030-479e-b38d-d7d749f327d1",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:08:00.768Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:00.768Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8a604466-8437-4fe6-b6db-ec8fb05d702a",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:33.100Z",
            "description": "In [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) the first COM port from the configuration file is used for the actual communication and the two other COM ports are just opened to prevent other processes accessing them. Thus, the IEC 101 payload component is able to take over and maintain control of the RTU device. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8a765743-9caf-4c8a-9c58-6fe2c1993108",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:42:43.736Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:33.311Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8a7c4419-b2c6-4774-bcba-a28fc6c5bcce",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--74b96bd4-dab9-494e-a540-b7c998581fd5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8a86ad59-dff1-46dc-8ffd-3c62b96c6e62",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:50:09.612Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:33.511Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) moved their tools laterally within the ICS network. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8a9fde66-7874-4418-8652-d8a987c0b5df",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:05:35.591Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:05:35.591Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8b17ad46-b0cc-4766-9cae-eba32260d468",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:08.713Z",
            "description": "Provide operators with redundant, out-of-band communication to support monitoring and control of the operational processes, especially when recovering from a network outage  (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013). Out-of-band communication should utilize diverse systems and technologies to minimize common failure modes and vulnerabilities within the communications infrastructure. For example, wireless networks (e.g., 3G, 4G) can be used to provide diverse and redundant delivery of data.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8b2d82aa-75fc-4d6d-bb4b-9f600bd211fd",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "MDudek-ICS",
                    "description": "MDudek-ICS   TRISIS-TRITON-HATMAN Retrieved. 2019/11/03 ",
                    "url": "https://github.com/MDudek-ICS/TRISIS-TRITON-HATMAN/tree/master/decompiled_code/library"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:34.317Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) uses TriStations default UDP port, 1502, to communicate with devices. (Citation: MDudek-ICS)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8b3f5b8c-789e-4f61-8e5c-fb28f8662d32",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:18:43.657Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:43.657Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8b7403f5-90d2-4d2c-a484-87d29f419a9f",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:49:29.987Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:34.747Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) scheduled the uninterruptable power supplies (UPS) to shutdown data and telephone servers via the UPS management interface. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)(Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8bfeed6a-a0c6-4f11-81b2-f32225c85ac4",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:21:16.665Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:35.161Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c9a8d958-fcdb-40d2-af4c-461c8031651a",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8c523980-7db0-4173-9df4-eba2c36f6655",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:59:04.286Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:59:04.286Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8c6fe57d-3344-4fe7-b547-a3c5046960bb",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:12:11.580Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:12:11.580Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8ca2fe75-9bb3-4af5-8fee-accd33d6d2ec",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:09.663Z",
            "description": "Ensure remote commands that enable device shutdown are disabled if they are not necessary. Examples include DNP3's 0x0D function code or unnecessary device management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8ccd5f5c-420a-413b-81ef-5e40f401be95",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:31:46.082Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:35.783Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8d0d6365-7bc0-417d-9268-c7c31fcb0d91",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:49:48.589Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:35.985Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) utilized HMI GUIs in the SCADA environment to open breakers. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8d392c6e-1368-4c6f-a189-aaf4c6355e55",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--09754c36-7be2-4536-aad2-a6c3568ba0e5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8d7e2aa5-129a-4060-88ae-9fc066af13c7",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:25:20.417Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:36.191Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8e11c3ef-4ee3-4a91-868f-d0a1c10d538b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--2145faf1-28da-4ebc-9730-f2e2a8764ced",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8ecf5eac-7767-411b-b54a-b374ea51b9e9",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine",
                    "description": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine   The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:10.483Z",
            "description": "Hot-standbys in diverse locations can ensure continued operations if the primarily system are compromised or unavailable. At the network layer, protocols such as the Parallel Redundancy Protocol can be used to simultaneously use redundant and diverse communication over a local network. (Citation: M. Rentschler and H. Heine)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f0f5c87a-a58d-440a-b3b5-ca679d98c6dd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8ed7e323-578c-4a62-bf32-0bf2fefa872b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:05:44.653Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:37.044Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8f76d408-be8a-478e-8a5a-aab1d1f96572",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014",
                    "description": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002718.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:37.448Z",
            "description": "Using OPC, a component of [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) gathers any details about connected devices and sends them back to the C2 for the attackers to analyze. (Citation: Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8f7ccb2b-de2a-4a5c-9f1e-d5e58e69efa8",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:00:57.773Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:37.662Z",
            "description": "Data loss prevention can restrict access to sensitive data and detect sensitive data that is unencrypted.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--337c4e2a-21a7-4d9a-bfee-9efd6cebf0e5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8f90363e-2825-4178-807f-9268a28760fa",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:11.196Z",
            "description": "Enforce system policies or physical restrictions to limit hardware such as USB devices on critical assets.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9e3adcad-0b8f-4ecc-a2f3-06f607f53bf0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8f947e00-2579-4120-a8b0-d466e59fac1a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:49:25.824Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:38.068Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8fa6fe89-e704-4be4-a15b-50e188084aa3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dan Goodin March 2017",
                    "description": "Dan Goodin 2017, March Virtual machine escape fetches $105,000 at Pwn2Own hacking contest Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/03/hack-that-escapes-vm-by-exploiting-edge-browser-fetches-105000-at-pwn2own/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:11.603Z",
            "description": "Make it difficult for adversaries to advance their operation through exploitation of undiscovered or unpatched vulnerabilities by using sandboxing. Other types of virtualization and application microsegmentation may also mitigate the impact of some types of exploitation. Risks of additional exploits and weaknesses in these systems may still exist. (Citation: Dan Goodin March 2017)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--059ba11e-e3dc-49aa-84ca-88197f40d4ea",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8fcecf74-36df-41ab-9476-539c9ac0b339",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:11.826Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--8fe2bc4c-e9f7-430d-84d5-e3d603141dcb",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:04:17.682Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:38.724Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9042b73d-5c10-4797-bace-71e49adeebdf",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:55:03.798Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:55:03.798Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--90647f03-38a4-4364-a3af-53640a81360e",
            "created": "2023-03-31T18:11:19.943Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik August 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, August 15 CRASHOVERRIDE: Reassessing the 2016 Ukraine Electric Power Event as a Protection-Focused Attack Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020",
                    "description": "Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:31:40.365Z",
            "description": "(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: Joe Slowik August 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "attributed-to",
            "source_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "target_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--908e3fa1-e2b9-475e-b72d-06343a65a3c6",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:04:44.041Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:39.033Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--909fba0a-f075-402f-8791-388ebd76647e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--de675cf4-144e-485c-a761-c72ebcb9e2bc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c9a8d958-fcdb-40d2-af4c-461c8031651a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--90d9c8e3-0250-4096-8d98-7ca1d324d654",
            "created": "2021-04-12T10:12:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014",
                    "description": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002718.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT August 2018",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2018, August 22 Advisory (ICSA-14-178-01) Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-14-178-01"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:39.267Z",
            "description": "The [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) payload has the capability of enumerating OPC tags, in addition to more generic OPC server information. The server data and tag names can provide information about the names and function of control devices. (Citation: ICS-CERT August 2018) (Citation: Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--90e245ae-a785-4956-be9b-dc4da0b290c5",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--89e95503-b02c-43da-90b3-15584b27e6d6",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--910bada1-c923-4009-a9ea-da257072f168",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:29:27.902Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:39.456Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--91f29477-2ff6-4dbf-bf68-c8825a938851",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:08:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:13.025Z",
            "description": "Update software regularly by employing patch management for internal enterprise endpoints and servers.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--92d1fd4f-6cc7-4db5-82f8-f8caa5ff59f0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:13.199Z",
            "description": "Protect files stored locally with proper permissions to limit opportunities for adversaries to remove indicators of their activity on the system. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--938ff1d4-acce-4e4e-8a9c-be62799dff8e",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:38:40.536Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:40.317Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9397e373-3be0-4229-b390-fd5ed0482999",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:13:57.178Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:57.178Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--93c336f2-7e7c-4c79-af16-faae03e66121",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:44:09.293Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:40.516Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--93e24e03-6425-4ee8-99bb-c3a662c6cdce",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS CISA February 2019",
                    "description": "DHS CISA 2019, February 27 MAR-17-352-01 HatManSafety System Targeted Malware (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/MAR-17-352-01%20HatMan%20-%20Safety%20System%20Targeted%20Malware%20%28Update%20B%29.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:40.724Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) is able to read, write and execute code in memory on the safety controller at an arbitrary address within the devices firmware region. This allows the malware to make changes to the running firmware in memory and  modify how the device operates. (Citation: DHS CISA February 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--943a9a5c-7826-451d-ac73-34353ea40595",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:33:36.496Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:40.934Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--94654460-b115-4056-beb1-e982ed33437b",
            "created": "2023-03-30T18:59:46.674Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:41.155Z",
            "description": "Protect files stored locally with proper permissions to limit opportunities for adversaries to interact and collect information from the local system. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9515f24c-1c33-4197-b9c9-b9992bc696ca",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:41.817Z",
            "description": "[PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006) copies itself to various Program Organization Units (POU) on the target device.  The POUs include the Data Block, Function, and Function Block. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9537d9c9-ba0d-42d9-b97d-3b28bfe265e6",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:47:47.280Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:42.019Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--956bbc7f-82c2-4097-8b7b-1e9d732c532d",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:17:07.288Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:42.230Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--966b59c0-8641-432c-84f7-b2a712004d74",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:42.456Z",
            "description": "The [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) IEC 104 module has 3 modes available to perform its attack. These modes are range, shift, and sequence. The range mode operates in 2 stages. The first stage of range mode gathers Information Object Addresses (IOA) and sends select and execute packets to switch the state. The second stage of range mode has an infinite loop where it will switch the state of all of the previously discovered IOAs. Shift mode is similar to range mode, but instead of staying within the same range, it will add a shift value to the default range values. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--968830b7-ee80-4a6e-96a4-9fc70470e4a9",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:14.659Z",
            "description": "Regularly scan externally facing systems for vulnerabilities and establish procedures to rapidly patch systems when critical vulnerabilities are discovered through scanning and public disclosure.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--de0bc375-50e1-4e26-a342-a8ff8c9d3037",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--968fd463-fec4-4b2d-b3c9-950d8471b9a8",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:25:30.229Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:42.947Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--973f5884-a076-413e-ac96-f0bd01375fb6",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:43.154Z",
            "description": "Utilize code signatures to verify the integrity and authenticity of programs installed on safety or control assets, including the associated controller tasking.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--97756c8a-b702-472b-8d67-15464a73093e",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:56:28.962Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:43.764Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) rendered devices that were necessary for remote recovery unusable, including at least one RTU. Additionally, [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) overwrote the firmware for serial-to-ethernet converters, denying operators control of the downstream devices. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)(Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--97c5b388-518a-46ec-b2b0-41bfa6a83204",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:15.412Z",
            "description": "Update software regularly by employing patch management for internal enterprise endpoints and servers.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--97e20860-29d9-4738-a9a8-6cc3e4db23f1",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:40:54.250Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:44.374Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--97f42cef-bc2a-47c5-b408-8e38aab4030e",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:41:32.631Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:44.581Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--97f863d7-e68a-4cc8-ab3b-a7e9a1cc2319",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:47:52.800Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:44.807Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--982d0b4f-274a-4738-9262-57fc80d468f9",
            "created": "2024-03-26T15:41:51.806Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:45.001Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--983de217-1ea6-483a-a273-ecf950706cd7",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--519082ce-24ab-4f6b-9e86-b9443758c9d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--984992e3-0407-406a-b8dd-c114d8b2d9a2",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:16.238Z",
            "description": "Devices should authenticate all messages between master and outstation assets.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--984d517f-56a1-4eb4-95e5-994eb9c6c3b5",
            "created": "2024-03-27T20:46:21.569Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Ken Proska, John Wolfram, Jared Wilson, Dan Black, Keith Lunden, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Nathan Brubaker, Tyler Mclellan, Chris Sistrunk. (2023, November 9). Sandworm Disrupts Power in Ukraine Using a Novel Attack Against Operational Technology. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/sandworm-disrupts-power-ukraine-operational-technology"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:45.412Z",
            "description": "During the [2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0034), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) executed a MicroSCADA application binary `scilc.exe` to send a predefined list of SCADA instructions specified in a file defined by the adversary, `s1.txt`. The executed command `C:\\sc\\prog\\exec\\scilc.exe -do pack\\scil\\s1.txt` leverages the SCADA software to send unauthorized command messages to remote substations.(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--df8eb785-70f8-4300-b444-277ba849083d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--98567b03-7421-4761-8caa-cbea82d89fe3",
            "created": "2024-03-26T15:40:06.457Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:45.606Z",
            "description": "Configure operating systems to disable the autorun of any specific file types or drives.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9a945a29-5233-4422-a9e3-3e957b0e8bce",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9897bb19-d5bb-4c43-9415-983ba5c5bbe5",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:52:11.047Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:52:11.047Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--98f1d575-a975-42ae-8b00-2c9e22d560d5",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:16.911Z",
            "description": "Set and enforce secure password policies for accounts.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--5d97c693-e054-48ba-a3a3-eaf6942dfb65",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--98f91f4f-050b-43b7-a033-589ec507913f",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--442bf059-f7cf-460b-8200-f35e1e0a0c78",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9902691c-aaf2-48a1-b1ca-cd6f652ae1c6",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:46.280Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) is able to block serial COM channels temporarily causing a denial of control. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--990f944f-190d-456d-b194-f5ecb17a0868",
            "created": "2019-06-24T17:20:24.258Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Catalin Cimpanu April 2016",
                    "description": "Catalin Cimpanu 2016, April 26 Malware Shuts Down German Nuclear Power Plant on Chernobyl's 30th Anniversary Retrieved. 2019/10/14 ",
                    "url": "https://news.softpedia.com/news/on-chernobyl-s-30th-anniversary-malware-shuts-down-german-nuclear-power-plant-503429.shtml"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:46.490Z",
            "description": "A [Conficker](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0608) infection at a nuclear power plant forced the facility to temporarily shutdown. (Citation: Catalin Cimpanu April 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--58eddbaf-7416-419a-ad7b-e65b9d4c3b55",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9951eb11-8140-420d-8e2d-56fbe0ff0134",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:03:23.576Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:46.711Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--99ec0a8e-4a4f-427c-89db-163e4b206021",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine",
                    "description": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine   The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:17.555Z",
            "description": "Hot-standbys in diverse locations can ensure continued operations if the primarily system are compromised or unavailable. At the network layer, protocols such as the Parallel Redundancy Protocol can be used to simultaneously use redundant and diverse communication over a local network. (Citation: M. Rentschler and H. Heine)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f0f5c87a-a58d-440a-b3b5-ca679d98c6dd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--99f84b91-32a1-4ade-8de5-5d2a0359302f",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:56:54.642Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:47.341Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--99fa6d92-0c41-44ed-bd30-dd0413785883",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:43:23.321Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:47.537Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9a3e771d-d84f-4f2a-baf9-4478abdbdbcf",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:04:32.626Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:47.761Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9a44b2a8-9f4c-43df-9174-1cba6e165886",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:18.140Z",
            "description": "Allow/denylists can be used to block access when excessive I/O connections are detected from a system or device during a specified time period.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9a55e351-d3b7-460a-9a9d-6714c00db5f0",
            "created": "2024-03-25T19:59:09.628Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023",
                    "description": "DHS/CISA. (2023, December 1). IRGC-Affiliated Cyber Actors Exploit PLCs in Multiple Sectors, Including U.S. Water and Wastewater Systems Facilities. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-335a"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:48.222Z",
            "description": "(Citation: CISA AA23-335A IRGC-Affiliated December 2023)",
            "relationship_type": "attributed-to",
            "source_ref": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
            "target_ref": "intrusion-set--a07a367a-146c-45a8-a830-d3d337b9befa",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9a607f89-85b8-4fba-8eb7-7e4900ea693f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:18.463Z",
            "description": "Network intrusion prevention systems and systems designed to scan and remove malicious email attachments can be used to block activity.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9abf0914-2508-4717-9f1a-8f209c2d20a3",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:55:33.001Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:55:33.001Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9b0b3c25-d87c-452a-a2f9-241234410eb8",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:58:05.958Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:48.878Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9b412b1f-2dd0-4e7f-8364-f625181ba1db",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:18.944Z",
            "description": "Integrating multi-factor authentication (MFA) as part of organizational policy can greatly reduce the risk of an adversary gaining access to valid credentials that may be used for additional tactics such as initial access, lateral movement, and collecting information. MFA can also be used to restrict access to cloud resources and APIs.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ddf3e568-f065-49e2-9106-42029a28ddbd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9b825e77-2b18-4bc8-8e1d-5f645d570dca",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Xenotime 2018",
                    "description": "Dragos, Inc.. (n.d.). Xenotime. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/resource/xenotime/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:49.268Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Dragos Xenotime 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--9538b1a4-4120-4e2d-bf59-3b11fcab05a4",
            "target_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9ba76ea3-9ebb-49d7-803a-5cf2deef6875",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:37:35.485Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:49.479Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9bb98efc-3712-4df3-a1a4-8dfefd2983fa",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--58b4bda4-d69a-4a20-ab67-308c4451a5e8",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9c0db354-c2d6-4db0-bb76-35ae66c01dd1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:11:52.625Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:49.669Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9c23121e-14bb-4382-b54d-2ea02a2815b5",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:59:44.009Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:49.859Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9ca97ea4-faf6-484c-bccf-311c282bed02",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:57:09.083Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:57:09.083Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9cca3120-c95e-4f5e-bc4b-0521ab5cc512",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:19.693Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9ce25235-ad56-4158-a392-31ef70b10c2a",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:52:49.261Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:52:49.261Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9d5e2e86-8499-4051-93fc-c959ff1b6577",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:22:30.026Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:22:30.026Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9d6f9bba-dd79-4cb6-a0f3-1284e58a6236",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:50.900Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604)'s data wiper component removes the registry image path throughout the system and overwrites all files, rendering the system unusable. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9db1ecfe-72eb-42da-a09e-746663a53854",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "MDudek-ICS",
                    "description": "MDudek-ICS   TRISIS-TRITON-HATMAN Retrieved. 2019/11/03 ",
                    "url": "https://github.com/MDudek-ICS/TRISIS-TRITON-HATMAN/tree/master/decompiled_code/library"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:51.519Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) contains a file named TS_cnames.py which contains default definitions for program state (TS_progstate). Program state is referenced in TsHi.py.(Citation: MDudek-ICS)\n\n[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) contains a file named TS_cnames.py which contains default definitions for key state (TS_keystate). Key state is referenced in TsHi.py.(Citation: MDudek-ICS)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9e98d88c-4138-4d0e-8db0-cddf956ab500",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:07:28.902Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:52.125Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9f07c92a-78a0-438a-8cb2-01e2bddaeb42",
            "created": "2021-01-04T21:30:14.830Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Industroyer",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2017",
                    "description": "Dragos Inc.. (2017, June 13). CRASHOVERRIDE Analysis of the Threat to Electric Grid Operations. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/crashoverride/CrashOverride-01.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "mandiant_apt44_unearthing_sandworm",
                    "description": "Roncone, G. et al. (n.d.). APT44: Unearthing Sandworm. Retrieved July 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt44-unearthing-sandworm.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks IRON VIKING",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2020, May 1). IRON VIKING Threat Profile. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/iron-viking"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:35:45.136Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2017)(Citation: ESET Industroyer)(Citation: Secureworks IRON VIKING)(Citation: mandiant_apt44_unearthing_sandworm)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9f2926a2-596f-459e-827e-6fe2d4646efd",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:06:46.756Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:52.641Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9f2f9cba-b7fc-45cb-8e66-e2f8f99ebe35",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:01:58.777Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:01:58.777Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9f43126d-5f6c-42a9-9908-49175c27ead7",
            "created": "2023-03-30T19:27:26.398Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Industroyer2 ESET April 2022",
                    "description": "ESET. (2022, April 12). Industroyer2: Industroyer reloaded. Retrieved March 30, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/04/12/industroyer2-industroyer-reloaded/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "mandiant_apt44_unearthing_sandworm",
                    "description": "Roncone, G. et al. (n.d.). APT44: Unearthing Sandworm. Retrieved July 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt44-unearthing-sandworm.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:35:48.256Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Industroyer2 ESET April 2022)(Citation: mandiant_apt44_unearthing_sandworm)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "malware--6a0d0ea9-b2c4-43fe-a552-ac41a3009dc5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9fa6797f-f2cb-4b93-b8eb-f40936e967f3",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:12:14.470Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:52.949Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9fb2a9b2-3b25-4f77-9f7a-e832b2e5071a",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:53.161Z",
            "description": "Using its protocol payloads, [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) sends unauthorized commands to RTUs to change the state of equipment. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9fb8c8ab-67de-42df-a82d-b6e45b82d949",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:48:40.533Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:53.416Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) blocked reporting messages by using malicious firmware to render serial-to-ethernet converters inoperable. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--9ffbf620-8e1f-4542-a271-9a3692db9a47",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:04:19.147Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:53.610Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a0151b8f-30ee-49da-8365-17f34eab0825",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:23:29.097Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:29.098Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a04169ed-c16b-466b-80ef-22a11067f475",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:54.013Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) is able to block serial COM channels temporarily causing a denial of view. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--56ddc820-6cfb-407f-850b-52c035d123ac",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a08d85dd-a8b3-4848-94aa-941c43b6d8f2",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:21.923Z",
            "description": "Prevent unauthorized systems from accessing control servers or field devices containing industrial information, especially services used for common automation protocols (e.g., DNP3, OPC).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a1383f2a-2ee2-47df-a661-8904a7535e0c",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA June 2013",
                    "description": "CISA 2013, June Risks of Default Passwords on the Internet Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/TA13-175A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:22.183Z",
            "description": "Applications and appliances that utilize default username and password should be changed immediately after the installation, and before deployment to a production environment. (Citation: CISA June 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--5d97c693-e054-48ba-a3a3-eaf6942dfb65",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a15d718f-af30-4745-a837-887ba8f48727",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:30:46.705Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:54.855Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a1cbbdb5-30ad-4139-9784-e5a134f8d405",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Inc. June 2017",
                    "description": "Dragos Inc. 2017, June 13 Industroyer - Dragos - 201706: Analysis of the Threat to Electic Grid Operations Retrieved. 2017/09/18 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/crashoverride/CrashOverride-01.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:55.071Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) has a destructive wiper that overwrites all ICS configuration files across the hard drives and all mapped network drives specifically targeting ABB PCM600 configuration files. (Citation: Dragos Inc. June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a1d2df14-6f44-44ac-99c2-3e3f55f53476",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:43:16.472Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:55.269Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a1d99bbc-8d7c-4263-a909-95a9507b43c3",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:28:17.629Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:55.467Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a20bde51-3ed9-4306-92cd-f4f12d3aa8aa",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--f1a7e304-d05f-4e48-89b7-8b034f507c32",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a221bbb3-5f4f-4879-ae1d-37e8d3022039",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:16:05.517Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:55.878Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a22fabd2-836e-4141-9219-c76cc10138ec",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:23.151Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a23aefa6-15f5-481c-ac3d-09b8e4b3003b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:44:03.912Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:56.284Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a287bc05-20cb-4476-ba1f-15bfde6e601d",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:04:05.993Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:56.481Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a2f0b9ba-2d6e-43a5-adca-3ec42dba5ce9",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:36:28.818Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:56.945Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a3447ec8-3224-4485-9324-cdc77231aaa5",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--930b268b-abf0-485f-9854-60c1cfdd2d33",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a36492bd-175a-4c39-9c56-32d06660dd05",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:08:51.819Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:51.819Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a3f258ea-6d4d-4b0e-8ff2-b91f49dfd4d7",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:39:54.248Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.163Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a45cec05-2d81-4db1-9267-db8be498e0d2",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:46:50.699Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.362Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a466d5b4-39f0-48c1-9a19-f006dc4cb0ac",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:40:58.726Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.565Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a46f722e-4399-4aa6-b0a9-61fae9d0bf63",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:57:44.978Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.777Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a47cd7b9-2b73-480c-a8ab-2dfa908e02ea",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Research Whitepapers September 2018",
                    "description": "ESET Research Whitepapers 2018, September LOJAX First UEFI rootkit found in the wild, courtesy of the Sednit group Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ESET-LoJax.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Intel",
                    "description": "Intel ESET Research Whitepapers 2018, September LOJAX First UEFI rootkit found in the wild, courtesy of the Sednit group Retrieved. 2020/09/25  Intel Hardware-based Security Technologies for Intelligent Retail Devices Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/white-papers/security-technologies-4th-gen-core-retail-paper.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "N/A",
                    "description": "N/A   Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Summary Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/Trusted-Platform-Module-Summary_04292008.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:57.968Z",
            "description": "Check the integrity of the existing BIOS or EFI to determine if it is vulnerable to modification. Use Trusted Platform Module technology. (Citation: N/A) Move system's root of trust to hardware to prevent tampering with the SPI flash memory. (Citation: ESET Research Whitepapers September 2018) Technologies such as Intel Boot Guard can assist with this. (Citation: Intel)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--8ac1d6e1-b07f-476a-9732-84984ebc2405",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a4c64fbc-bac4-44b8-ba52-8fcfa3f674e5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:40:08.922Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:58.166Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a4c81fe6-1ad9-4bba-a415-a3c099eaa2be",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016",
                    "description": "Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke 2016, March 31 Plc-blaster: A worm living solely in the plc. Retrieved. 2017/09/19 ",
                    "url": "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/asia-16/materials/asia-16-Spenneberg-PLC-Blaster-A-Worm-Living-Solely-In-The-PLC-wp.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:58.388Z",
            "description": "[PLC-Blaster](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1006) stops the execution of the user program on the target to enable the transfer of its own code. The worm then copies itself to the target and subsequently starts the target PLC again. (Citation: Spenneberg, Ralf, Maik Brggemann, and Hendrik Schwartke March 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--4dcff507-5af8-47ce-964a-8d9569e9ccfe",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a4e9cd0c-75aa-47ec-9fdc-ad9dd8935af2",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:07:27.830Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:27.830Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a57b233b-6613-4f78-aa48-e85518aaa7cf",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:45:26.126Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Charles McLellan March 2016",
                    "description": "Charles McLellan. (2016, March 4). How hackers attacked Ukraine's power grid: Implications for Industrial IoT security. Retrieved September 27, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://www.zdnet.com/article/how-hackers-attacked-ukraines-power-grid-implications-for-industrial-iot-security/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:58.585Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) remotely discovered operational assets once on the OT network. (Citation: Charles McLellan March 2016) (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a6277ff6-9cdf-484f-a902-3f9442039905",
            "created": "2024-09-11T22:55:18.833Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Claroty Fuxnet 2024",
                    "description": "Team82. (2024, April 12). Unpacking the Blackjack Group's Fuxnet Malware. Retrieved September 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://claroty.com/team82/research/unpacking-the-blackjack-groups-fuxnet-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:58.990Z",
            "description": "[Fuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157) shut down remote access services such as SSH, HTTP, telnet, and SNMP to a device along with deleting the routing table for routing devices to inhibit system accessibility and communication.(Citation: Claroty Fuxnet 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--931e2489-8078-4f9f-85b2-a9211950e75b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a6479493-6154-408f-90df-9d2f3ae352d1",
            "created": "2023-03-31T17:46:01.470Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:59.266Z",
            "description": "During the [2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used valid accounts to laterally move through VPN connections and dual-homed systems.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a6519c11-e9d4-4b6f-8d92-8efaa2144c28",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:28:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Davey Winder June 2020",
                    "description": "Davey Winder 2020, June 10 Honda Hacked: Japanese Car Giant Confirms Cyber Attack On Global Operations Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.forbes.com/sites/daveywinder/2020/06/10/honda-hacked-japanese-car-giant-confirms-cyber-attack-on-global-operations-snake-ransomware/?sh=2725c35753ad"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:59.465Z",
            "description": "[EKANS](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0605) infection resulted in a temporary production loss within a Honda manufacturing plant. (Citation: Davey Winder June 2020)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--00e7d565-9883-4ee5-b642-8fd17fd6a3f5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a66c4662-0998-418e-9605-eae7d8dbb69d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:02:48.640Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:48.640Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a6d8b66d-fc10-404f-b0ae-e8c66506b818",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:59.704Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604)'s data wiper component removes the registry image path throughout the system and overwrites all files, rendering the system unusable. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a6e404c9-7b12-4403-8f2a-2815b8b87372",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--441ded70-7e25-47f1-b55c-0fafb7d4f44c",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a6e9bbe1-3e59-45c0-987a-b5354d602dc7",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:05:56.185Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:03:59.902Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a717ccc7-0fe6-4a83-951f-5a89037ed927",
            "created": "2023-03-30T14:08:06.442Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:00.124Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a72c212f-6d4f-4c5d-873d-afa42021024c",
            "created": "2024-03-26T15:42:10.203Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:00.313Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a74c14e2-eb8a-47bb-b64d-20aad9154297",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:25.553Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a75ddacf-e87e-4a99-83f2-618486473163",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:25.760Z",
            "description": "Patch the BIOS and EFI as necessary.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a78e727c-8e42-448c-beb4-463804e18be0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:25.943Z",
            "description": "Minimize permissions and access for service accounts to limit impact of exploitation. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--622fe4d4-0e8e-4d17-9c25-6c9cef1f15d5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a7a2790e-d5ba-4a46-bde3-c698c6ae52ac",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:41:16.927Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:01.326Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a7caa7f2-cfb9-4fc9-ae8d-49349b6c260f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:01.971Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should restrict the download of programs, including online edits and program appends, to only certain users (e.g., engineers, field technician), preferably through implementing a role-based access mechanism.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a7fbe555-a61b-4b93-bfb2-8e0dd0d6323e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:26.991Z",
            "description": "Consider utilizing jump boxes for external remote access. Additionally, dynamic account management may be used to easily remove accounts when not in use.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e57ebc6d-785f-40c8-adb1-b5b5e09b3b48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a83e4676-2b9e-4b9d-bb21-f493f3ee3bbf",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c0e6c96d-8605-407a-9bce-628e7853b07f",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a846dbe5-9ef3-4fb6-93d5-f764671a75c8",
            "created": "2021-04-11T14:06:54.109Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS CERT September 2018",
                    "description": "ICS CERT 2018, September 06 Advantech/Broadwin WebAccess RPC Vulnerability (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/12/05 ",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-11-094-02B"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT December 2014",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2014, December 10 ICS Alert (ICS-ALERT-14-281-01E) Ongoing Sophisticated Malware Campaign Compromising ICS (Update E) Retrieved. 2019/10/11 ",
                    "url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-14-281-01B"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:02.855Z",
            "description": "[Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) actors exploited vulnerabilities in GE's Cimplicity HMI and Advantech/Broadwin WebAccess HMI software which had been directly exposed to the internet. (Citation: ICS-CERT December 2014) (Citation: ICS CERT September 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a847aa03-ea56-47d1-8f4e-f9e0dd9707a0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:27.433Z",
            "description": "Consider removal of remote services which are not regularly in use, or only enabling them when required (e.g., vendor remote access). Ensure all external remote access point (e.g., jump boxes, VPN concentrator) are configured with least functionality, especially the removal of unnecessary services. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a84dd2f5-d4f4-44c1-ba51-4804f40576e1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:28:27.970Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:03.314Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a86cee0a-dc49-4c95-b5dc-37405337490b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:27.750Z",
            "description": "Authenticate all access to field controllers before authorizing access to, or modification of, a device's state, logic, or programs. Centralized authentication techniques can help manage the large number of field controller accounts needed across the ICS.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a873cbaa-04c1-4402-a8d1-683cc7b1ac85",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:45:58.559Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:45:58.559Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a91002fe-21b2-4417-9c23-af712a7a035c",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:03.727Z",
            "description": "Utilize code signatures to verify the integrity and authenticity of programs installed on safety or control assets.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a91295dc-b381-4dc9-9384-9f9949066778",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:42:18.446Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:03.935Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a918d944-e50b-4b2c-9b77-6e28afe68607",
            "created": "2025-09-29T21:58:43.655Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T21:58:43.655Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a93ba793-24dd-47dd-b32c-4c3016124c90",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:43:02.969Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:04.140Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a946c9b1-5b89-44c9-b617-3412ffda34b9",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "MDudek-ICS",
                    "description": "MDudek-ICS   TRISIS-TRITON-HATMAN Retrieved. 2019/11/03 ",
                    "url": "https://github.com/MDudek-ICS/TRISIS-TRITON-HATMAN/tree/master/decompiled_code/library"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:04.390Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) calls the SafeAppendProgramMod to transfer its payloads to the Tricon. Part of this call includes preforming a program upload. (Citation: MDudek-ICS)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--a9dd70c2-2f54-4b19-85df-df11cbeb0dbd",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b25c4621-5d38-43ee-871e-0e5c02f2f48c",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--aa7a0f45-e027-4d79-8413-5d807f44c1ba",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:42:56.284Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:04.996Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ab306654-2abb-4983-8d30-df4058adb06c",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:49:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Selena Larson, Camille Singleton December 2020",
                    "description": "Selena Larson, Camille Singleton 2020, December RANSOMWARE IN ICS ENVIRONMENTS Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://f.hubspotusercontent10.net/hubfs/5943619/Whitepaper-Downloads/Ransomware_in_ICS_Environments_Whitepaper_10_12_20.pdf?utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dragos.com%2Fresource%2Fransomware-in-ics-environments%2F"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:05.817Z",
            "description": "The [REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) malware gained access to an organizations network and encrypted sensitive files used by OT equipment. (Citation: Selena Larson, Camille Singleton December 2020)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ab5c9a38-3140-43b6-bcf4-6197a116cd0b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:37:50.048Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:06.042Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ab60fe4a-5860-410a-8bca-2cdbea95e5f8",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:29.246Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ab844cd2-0f56-44f9-9838-cd5f04d75f3e",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:37:16.719Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:06.487Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ab8bf0a3-0eef-4364-a3f9-f6ab6222afed",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:41:30.623Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:06.728Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ab8e129c-5411-4784-9194-068fa915da23",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov   BlackEnergy by the SSHBearDoor: attacks against Ukrainian news media and electric industry Retrieved. 2019/10/29 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2016/01/03/blackenergy-sshbeardoor-details-2015-attacks-ukrainian-news-media-electric-industry/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:06.928Z",
            "description": "[KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) deletes application, security, setup, and system event logs from Windows systems. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ac63d227-ff8a-43b8-81ef-ec4c046c4291",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:20:19.426Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:07.145Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ac7b64c8-cac9-4efb-990e-eed5e7fb35ee",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:26:28.979Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:07.373Z",
            "description": "During [FrostyGoop Incident](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0041), the adversary initiated a firmware downgrade on impacted devices.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--1169ff24-b35f-4d8d-8cf3-643a2834227f",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ac933d76-8207-4bf7-add2-92b60cf3044b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:04:54.213Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:07.564Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--acace658-da7e-4a19-aa98-8aec8c966dde",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:53:03.323Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:07.778Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) issued unauthorized commands to substation breaks after gaining control of operator workstations and accessing a distribution management system (DMS) application. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--acb4e9f0-0c1a-4c34-a88c-9125f0bd453a",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--887ae691-a519-4b68-af26-bcea1483cef7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--acd320fb-8c30-48d4-8ca0-c5379e0998fc",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:15:47.679Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:15:47.679Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ad2ed5dc-d683-4b0e-b1e2-50b2e61ffd11",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--d9469edc-7e55-41bc-8b17-a8db9fc6302e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ad7770c3-fe24-4285-9ce2-1616a1061472",
            "created": "2019-04-17T14:45:59.681Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019",
                    "description": "McKeague, B. et al. (2019, April 5). Pick-Six: Intercepting a FIN6 Intrusion, an Actor Recently Tied to Ryuk and LockerGoga Ransomware. Retrieved April 17, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/04/pick-six-intercepting-a-fin6-intrusion.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:30.278Z",
            "description": "(Citation: FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--2a7914cf-dff3-428d-ab0f-1014d1c28aeb",
            "target_ref": "malware--5af7a825-2d9f-400d-931a-e00eb9e27f48",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ad7fd147-066e-4ed5-aa9d-7b2f1771150d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009",
                    "description": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman 2009, September Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-41r1.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:30.626Z",
            "description": "Web Application Firewalls may be used to limit exposure of applications to prevent exploit traffic from reaching the application. (Citation: Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--49363b74-d506-4342-bd63-320586ebadb9",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--adb41ca8-7d2a-4025-b673-db44c9e1f16b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:12:39.257Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:08.481Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--adc6a1fa-c265-481f-8cde-f28a30873682",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:19:51.177Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:19:51.177Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ade12d27-13bb-4ebf-be08-7039cf699682",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:31.019Z",
            "description": "Utilize network allowlists to restrict unnecessary connections to network devices (e.g., comm servers, serial to ethernet converters) and services, especially in cases when devices have limits on the number of simultaneous sessions they support.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--adf2072c-0341-4fc2-9d25-495b4af864e9",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:09:22.370Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:08.919Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary temporarily shut an investigator out of the network preventing them from issuing any controls.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ae10e97a-90ac-498b-8601-01081dc4af8b",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:59:17.429Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:31.299Z",
            "description": "Limit the accounts that may use remote services. Limit the permissions for accounts that are at higher risk of compromise; for example, configure SSH so users can only run specific programs.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e57ebc6d-785f-40c8-adb1-b5b5e09b3b48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ae4e86c6-4bbb-4aba-80fc-c20a8f3d63dc",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:50:14.201Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:09.371Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ae7487f1-a2d0-443d-b418-cd726c5ac15f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:31.684Z",
            "description": "Network connection enumeration is likely obtained by using common system tools (e.g., netstat, ipconfig).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--469b78dd-a54d-4f7c-8c3b-4a1dd916b433",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ae7ed6d8-65cc-45a0-82c3-c28e5630bf7c",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:36:34.109Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:09.798Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary used a two-way radio to communicate with and set the frequencies of Maroochy Shire's repeater stations.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--aec4cb16-bee9-410e-bb74-e3fa70cacf6a",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:17:46.146Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:17:46.146Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--af20f409-05ed-42c3-ae3e-09b047b84875",
            "created": "2023-09-25T20:49:25.308Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:09.998Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require that user authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support Account Use Policies,\u00a0Password Policies, and\u00a0User Account Management.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--af25cacc-6b1a-47d2-8e13-cb2a7e92b379",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:17:32.313Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:10.410Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--af5a7b69-9519-436e-bb58-049b08d82809",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--442e5dcf-7f41-4ba5-ba89-aefb0d1c63cf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--af802091-fee7-4d15-a845-fb4ee3c26d6d",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:44:42.393Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:10.609Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--afb0b60e-e604-4b96-abb9-57fdce4e5108",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine",
                    "description": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine   The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:32.401Z",
            "description": "Hot-standbys in diverse locations can ensure continued operations if the primarily system is compromised or unavailable. At the network layer, protocols such as the Parallel Redundancy Protocol can be used to simultaneously use redundant and diverse communication over a local network. (Citation: M. Rentschler and H. Heine)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f0f5c87a-a58d-440a-b3b5-ca679d98c6dd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--afd63145-6033-49e4-ad43-d0b35fa5ed88",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:32.642Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for device management should authenticate all network messages to prevent unauthorized system changes.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--afe18ec4-b5b8-43f7-b9e9-64a579b4b4e1",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:37:41.336Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:11.313Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--aff2fb40-9ef5-42c9-bc7a-4939b509fbf1",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:40:30.440Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:11.511Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b05d678b-4d87-4261-9366-f8b757a77661",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:27:51.356Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON Dec 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer. (2017, December 14). Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework \u201cTRITON\u201d and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved January 12, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:11.724Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) would programmatically return the controller to a normal running state if the [Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) malware failed. If the controller could not recover in a defined time window, [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) programmatically overwrote their malicious program with invalid data.(Citation: FireEye TRITON Dec 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b07e6896-a840-49a1-8d58-94396a902b95",
            "created": "2023-03-31T17:56:07.978Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Industroyer",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:12.125Z",
            "description": "During the [2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) supplied the name of the payload DLL to [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) via a command line parameter.(Citation: ESET Industroyer)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b0831dd8-64c9-42a8-bf2f-755bdffaca59",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:23:39.645Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:39.645Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b0945f9b-5608-472e-ad70-7b42c3e062a1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:21:18.081Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:12.342Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b13417ea-d8da-497f-818f-d2d90562039a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:13.168Z",
            "description": "Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that can identify traffic patterns indicative of AiTM activity can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b1768154-221c-48be-ab2b-549ec1eddafb",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009",
                    "description": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman 2009, September Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-41r1.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dwight Anderson 2014",
                    "description": "Dwight Anderson 2014 Protect Critical Infrastructure Systems With Whitelisting Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/ICS/protect-critical-infrastructure-systems-whitelisting-35312"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:34.073Z",
            "description": "Segment operational assets and their management devices based on their functional role within the process. Enabling more strict isolation to more critical control and operational information within the control environment. (Citation: Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009) (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016) (Citation: Dwight Anderson 2014) \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b1921480-8499-46a9-8396-2a2d747c5861",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:58:00.892Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:13.826Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b1d993d5-9e7e-4043-a651-07c7b5ad5a6b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:34.470Z",
            "description": "If a link is being visited by a user, network intrusion prevention systems and systems designed to scan and remove malicious downloads can be used to block activity.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b21e0340-976d-44b2-94ae-f777199993c6",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:39:00.326Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:14.229Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b22637e7-f58c-4c7e-9d76-4b3ee97fa14b",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:15:08.997Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:15:08.997Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b22c6faf-0046-4f89-8c5a-4f5ca44b638d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:05:33.788Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:33.788Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b252a076-6d4e-49f5-95ac-16264ef05b1d",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov   BlackEnergy by the SSHBearDoor: attacks against Ukrainian news media and electric industry Retrieved. 2019/10/29 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2016/01/03/blackenergy-sshbeardoor-details-2015-attacks-ukrainian-news-media-electric-industry/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:14.424Z",
            "description": "[KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) is able to delete system files to make the system unbootable and targets 35 different types of files for deletion. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b2823439-efbd-4f91-9a7f-753d40004bc8",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fb0931d5-8eb9-4db2-a2a4-447c32b29bd4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5fa00fdd-4a55-4191-94a0-564181d7fec2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b289c971-3fb7-4c3c-b3d6-cf2702b9384a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:10:50.480Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:14.850Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b2defaaf-625d-416e-8a9d-8be6d89bacdc",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "D. Parsons and D. Wylie September 2019",
                    "description": "D. Parsons and D. Wylie 2019, September Practical Industrial Control System (ICS) Cybersecurity: IT and OT Have Converged  Discover and Defend Your Assets Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.csiac.org/journal-article/practical-industrial-control-system-ics-cybersecurity-it-and-ot-have-converged-discover-and-defend-your-assets/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Colin Gray",
                    "description": "Colin Gray D. Parsons and D. Wylie 2019, September Practical Industrial Control System (ICS) Cybersecurity: IT and OT Have Converged  Discover and Defend Your Assets Retrieved. 2020/09/25  How SDN Can Improve Cybersecurity in OT Networks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://cdn.selinc.com/assets/Literature/Publications/Technical%20Papers/6891_HowSDN_CG_20180720_Web2.pdf?v=20190312-231901"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Josh Rinaldi April 2016",
                    "description": "Josh Rinaldi 2016, April Still a Thrill: OPC UA Device Discovery Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.rtautomation.com/rtas-blog/still-a-thrill-opc-ua-device-discovery/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Aditya K Sood July 2019",
                    "description": "Aditya K Sood 2019, July Discovering and fingerprinting BACnet devices Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2019/07/10/bacnet-devices/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Langner November 2018",
                    "description": "Langner 2018, November Why Ethernet/IP changes the OT asset discovery game Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.langner.com/2018/11/why-ethernet-ip-changes-the-ot-asset-discovery-game/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:35.109Z",
            "description": "ICS environments typically have more statically defined devices, therefore minimize the use of both IT discovery protocols (e.g., DHCP, LLDP) and discovery functions in automation protocols. (Citation: D. Parsons and D. Wylie September 2019) (Citation: Colin Gray) Examples of automation protocols with discovery capabilities include OPC UA Device Discovery  (Citation: Josh Rinaldi April 2016), BACnet  (Citation: Aditya K Sood July 2019), and Ethernet/IP. (Citation: Langner November 2018)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b2e10e48-8bd9-472a-9c6f-1d38650e8df1",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory April 2019",
                    "description": "DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory 2019, April Radio Frequency Detection, Spectrum Analysis, and Direction Finding Equipment Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/saver-msr-rf-detection_cod-508_10july2019.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:35.296Z",
            "description": "Techniques can include (i) reducing transmission power on wireless signals, (ii) adjusting antenna gain to prevent extensions beyond organizational boundaries, and (iii) employing RF shielding techniques to block excessive signal propagation. (Citation: DHS  National Urban Security Technology Laboratory April 2019)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--fce6866f-9a87-4d3e-a73c-f02d8937fe0e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b2e8914a-91bc-42df-8b64-22e5365ede6f",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:42:11.005Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:15.471Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b33f2abc-a218-425b-9a90-b75445b7e142",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:05:51.795Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:15.729Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b340e488-cae9-4c72-a704-ecb5ce7d9348",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c7aea5e8-cd8b-4f79-be41-3a446cdde7b7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b343e131-e448-46c6-815b-b86e4bd6d638",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Threat Intelligence August 2019",
                    "description": "Dragos Threat Intelligence 2019, August Global Oil and Gas Cyber Threat Perspective Retrieved. 2020/01/03 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/Dragos-Oil-and-Gas-Threat-Perspective-2019.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:15.914Z",
            "description": "[TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) targeted several ICS vendors and manufacturers. (Citation: Dragos Threat Intelligence August 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--9538b1a4-4120-4e2d-bf59-3b11fcab05a4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b346eec8-de90-407c-b665-387086bb4553",
            "created": "2022-09-29T01:36:02.223Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Brubaker-Incontroller",
                    "description": "Nathan Brubaker, Keith Lunden, Ken Proska, Muhammad Umair, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Corey Hildebrandt, Rob Caldwell. (2022, April 13). INCONTROLLER: New State-Sponsored Cyber Attack Tools Target Multiple Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/incontroller-state-sponsored-ics-tool"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:16.120Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045)  can use the CODESYS protocol to upload programs from Schneider PLCs.(Citation: Wylie-22)(Citation: Brubaker-Incontroller) \n\n[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045)  can obtain existing program logic from Omron PLCs by using either the program upload or backup functions available through the HTTP server.(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b349ef5f-4a05-4eef-afe4-1543b8c832fa",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:27.070Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "iSIGHT Sandworm 2014",
                    "description": "Hultquist, J.. (2016, January 7). Sandworm Team and the Ukrainian Power Authority Attacks. Retrieved October 6, 2017.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2016/01/ukraine-and-sandworm-team.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014",
                    "description": "F-Secure Labs. (2014). BlackEnergy & Quedagh: The convergence of crimeware and APT attacks. Retrieved March 24, 2016.",
                    "url": "https://blog-assets.f-secure.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/15163408/BlackEnergy_Quedagh.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020",
                    "description": "Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020",
                    "description": "UK NCSC. (2020, October 19). UK exposes series of Russian cyber attacks against Olympic and Paralympic Games . Retrieved November 30, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-exposes-series-of-russian-cyber-attacks-against-olympic-and-paralympic-games"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks IRON VIKING ",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2020, May 1). IRON VIKING Threat Profile. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/iron-viking"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:35.903Z",
            "description": "(Citation: iSIGHT Sandworm 2014)(Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)(Citation: Secureworks IRON VIKING )",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "malware--54cc1d4f-5c53-4f0e-9ef5-11b4998e82e4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b352884f-2a60-41c6-b348-0bbb5859802a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:01:52.459Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:16.436Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b363cbbb-679c-47e0-8ad0-af98ebf51e60",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:36.332Z",
            "description": "Utilize strong cryptographic techniques and protocols to prevent eavesdropping on network communications.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--7f153c28-e5f1-4764-88fb-eea1d9b0ad4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2877063e-1851-48d2-bcc6-bc1d2733157e",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b37844c1-0338-44f6-9116-48fa0f079913",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:41:11.611Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:16.850Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b3862aa6-7bd0-46a4-83b6-bb687bb7caa6",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Chris Bing May 2018",
                    "description": "Chris Bing 2018, May 24 Trisis masterminds have expanded operations to target U.S. industrial firms Retrieved. 2020/01/03 ",
                    "url": "https://www.cyberscoop.com/xenotime-ics-cyber-attacks-trisis-dragos/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:17.043Z",
            "description": "[TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) utilizes watering hole websites to target industrial employees. (Citation: Chris Bing May 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--9538b1a4-4120-4e2d-bf59-3b11fcab05a4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b3aab26c-09c6-4264-af2a-5df260d3d8e2",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:48:58.160Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:17.270Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b3b24837-83ed-46c5-ba80-66a832c7072e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:36.891Z",
            "description": "All devices or systems changes, including all administrative functions, should require authentication. Consider using access management technologies to enforce authorization on all management interface access attempts, especially when the device does not inherently provide strong authentication and authorization functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b3f2990b-855e-49f3-b657-6b24118b2d19",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:48:23.823Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:48:23.823Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b411f748-a1e9-40c6-8eb3-72f2de4dab08",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:02:20.170Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:17.889Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b452a076-6d4e-49f5-95ac-16264ef05b1d",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov   BlackEnergy by the SSHBearDoor: attacks against Ukrainian news media and electric industry Retrieved. 2019/10/29 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2016/01/03/blackenergy-sshbeardoor-details-2015-attacks-ukrainian-news-media-electric-industry/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:18.084Z",
            "description": "[KillDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0607) looks for and terminates two non-standard processes, one of which is an ICS application. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b47dbc50-fd8f-4e5b-bb3d-e93b68bf5497",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:18.309Z",
            "description": "Limit access to network infrastructure and resources that can be used to reshape traffic or otherwise produce AiTM conditions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b48a9fea-26a5-473c-9a5d-fcc3531e1fd3",
            "created": "2023-03-30T18:59:30.677Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:18.517Z",
            "description": "Develop and publish policies that define acceptable information to be stored on local systems.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--dc61c280-c29d-44e5-a960-c0dd1623d2ba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b4bb8bd7-8984-45de-888f-45c51ab157fa",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:45:55.581Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:19.116Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b4efcbe0-ffe3-4d9a-8dba-570e68494af1",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:10:23.377Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:19.310Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary falsified network addresses in order to send false data and instructions to pumping stations.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b59a96e4-bd70-4459-9609-66563bccd9c3",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:38:21.688Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:19.725Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b5ab26e2-eb90-4f19-b35a-b8a0a5438961",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Hydro",
                    "description": "Hydro Kevin Beaumont   How Lockergoga took down Hydro  ransomware used in targeted attacks aimed at big business Retrieved. 2019/10/16  Retrieved. 2019/10/16 ",
                    "url": "https://www.hydro.com/en/media/on-the-agenda/cyber-attack/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Kevin Beaumont",
                    "description": "Kevin Beaumont   How Lockergoga took down Hydro  ransomware used in targeted attacks aimed at big business Retrieved. 2019/10/16 ",
                    "url": "https://doublepulsar.com/how-lockergoga-took-down-hydro-ransomware-used-in-targeted-attacks-aimed-at-big-business-c666551f5880"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:19.939Z",
            "description": "Some of Norsk Hydro's production systems were impacted by a [LockerGoga](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0372) infection. This resulted in a loss of control which forced the company to switch to manual operations. (Citation: Kevin Beaumont) (Citation: Hydro)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--5af7a825-2d9f-400d-931a-e00eb9e27f48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b5bb5ec3-aa3c-4734-8425-4be80c5658a9",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:38.327Z",
            "description": "This technique may not be effectively mitigated against, consider controls for assets and processes that lead to the use of this technique.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--469b78dd-a54d-4f7c-8c3b-4a1dd916b433",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b5e52859-8dab-4e7e-af70-bb38c6993c98",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:38.550Z",
            "description": "Preventing screen capture on a device may require disabling various system calls supported by the operating systems (e.g., Microsoft WindowsGraphicsCaputer APIs), however, these may be needed for other critical applications.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--469b78dd-a54d-4f7c-8c3b-4a1dd916b433",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b628d878-4f35-4580-8d42-26984d13821e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:38.793Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for control functions should provide authenticity through MAC functions or digital signatures. If not, utilize bump-in-the-wire devices or VPNs to enforce communication authenticity between devices that are not capable of supporting this (e.g., legacy controllers, RTUs).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b6309476-8268-4c47-920b-8a556cd8ae4c",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:47:07.359Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:20.814Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b69905bd-6865-4092-9543-47bd9ae318ec",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:54:22.618Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:20.999Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b69f31c3-6c12-4b81-8e74-9c58ea635fa4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "CISA June 2013",
                    "description": "CISA 2013, June Risks of Default Passwords on the Internet Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/TA13-175A"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:39.249Z",
            "description": "Ensure that applications and devices do not store sensitive data or credentials insecurely (e.g., plaintext credentials in code, published credentials in repositories, or credentials in public cloud storage). (Citation: CISA June 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--8a3aadd0-b5f4-433a-800e-4893e4196bb7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b6a51a26-94fd-419f-b0c1-cc61e02e1475",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:14:21.405Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:14:21.405Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b6f48e41-f7a9-45ca-b445-9e262dd307a2",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:54:47.976Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:54:47.976Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b720b42c-5eba-4164-9c3d-8b4eabde4716",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--194cb4dd-81ca-4e64-94e2-911fab1219f9",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b7284360-0d80-45bb-8486-263ae8f8fa63",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:26:01.106Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:21.421Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b72b7dfd-f134-4324-84b8-52ff13fc6b5c",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:39.549Z",
            "description": "Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b7344dfb-621b-4558-ab22-6c1f256ee746",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:46:27.408Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:21.886Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b774fcb4-43bf-4ff1-98c6-0a94838eacc2",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:57:10.064Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:22.081Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b7943cdb-1a6b-46cf-aebe-8282fd86c357",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:04:00.774Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:00.775Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b7a9bff5-2e15-4d3d-ac88-84af1239a586",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:51:42.728Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:22.505Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b7f23af2-e948-4531-af56-1a1b4d03702f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:40.142Z",
            "description": "Authenticate all access to field controllers before authorizing access to, or modification of, a device's state, logic, or programs. Centralized authentication techniques can help manage the large number of field controller accounts needed across the ICS.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b84e1473-f370-42ad-ac3b-7caf3c8cd00e",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:42:53.573Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:22.938Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b8d6e550-18fe-49ad-9964-7802bbe0cb58",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:23.566Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b8edcf0a-ec53-4203-b3ad-2cc734a1f1dd",
            "created": "2021-10-14T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:40.750Z",
            "description": "Update software on control network assets when possible. If feasible, use modern operating systems and software to reduce exposure to known vulnerabilities.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b8f6d6a8-e668-4596-8ec2-41c5d1bd211d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.003Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should restrict the modification of programs to only certain users (e.g., engineers, field technician), preferably through implementing a role-based access mechanism.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b960c5ed-1ea8-4dde-9203-c02d291d3bc6",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.201Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b9632b4d-43c3-4bfa-88e0-629245acb8eb",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.425Z",
            "description": "Ensure users and user groups have appropriate permissions for their roles through Identity and Access Management (IAM) controls to prevent misuse. Implement user accounts for each individual that may access the repositories for role enforcement and non-repudiation of actions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e57ebc6d-785f-40c8-adb1-b5b5e09b3b48",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b9a1e946-4ece-48f3-949c-e1c2d39136fe",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:14:59.837Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:14:59.837Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--b9e82422-b072-494f-99c1-fcab07b90133",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.677Z",
            "description": "Require signed binaries.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ba010007-6dde-4c9d-8452-69527cd1c2ba",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:41.865Z",
            "description": "Minimize permissions and access for service accounts to limit the information that may be exposed or collected by malicious users or software. (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--622fe4d4-0e8e-4d17-9c25-6c9cef1f15d5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ba24af7b-dd2f-4c21-9ec5-27758b88da9b",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:57:16.248Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:57:16.248Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ba496af3-2d99-4c2b-8ce0-20388f5d632c",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:28:36.325Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:25.010Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ba943eeb-5673-44b5-acbf-1cddc2fefb1a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:03:54.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:25.206Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bac1f95c-87bf-4939-bc1a-7727aad738f7",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:49:34.208Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:25.429Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--0fe075d5-beac-4d02-b93e-0f874997db72",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bad056aa-b8a6-4c4c-9bfa-bcc518872341",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:17:36.433Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:25.662Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--baf4bd30-4213-43c3-b70c-54418e734caf",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:42.501Z",
            "description": "Filter for protocols and payloads associated with program upload activity to prevent unauthorized access to device configurations.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--baf7daf3-2116-4051-91b5-f82e146167d0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:42.723Z",
            "description": "Routinely audit source code, application configuration files, open repositories, and public cloud storage for insecure use and storage of credentials.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bb3938a6-85ec-4f34-8bcd-6051de7e9259",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:45:08.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:26.310Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bbeb2eae-7da2-4477-ad8e-8c67b00c53bc",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:53:44.848Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:26.525Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bbf297d3-0c3c-44be-b780-332bac17b0ba",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:43.150Z",
            "description": "Devices should authenticate all messages between master and outstation assets.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bc1e1980-8acf-4505-8142-d382d83421d4",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:47:36.964Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:47:36.964Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bc3744d6-9275-4d91-8888-16d5f4d5187b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:43.329Z",
            "description": "Use least privilege for service accounts. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--622fe4d4-0e8e-4d17-9c25-6c9cef1f15d5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bc383819-2e40-49b4-bea9-95eb5d418877",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:27.159Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) uses a thread to monitor a data block DB890 of sequence A or B. This thread is constantly running and probing this block (every 5 minutes). On an infected PLC, if block DB890 is found and contains a special magic value (used by Stuxnet to identify his own block DB890), this blocks data can be read and written. This thread is likely used to optimize the way sequences A and B work, and modify their behavior when the Step7 editor is opened. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bc3a0b1f-f0ec-466f-8cad-8f47b07764c9",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:22:21.776Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:27.370Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bc74ff8f-d5fa-40fb-8c0b-f16af3ff36e3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:43.765Z",
            "description": "Apply DLP to protect the confidentiality of information related to operational processes, facility locations, device configurations, programs, or databases that may have information that can be used to infer organizational trade-secrets, recipes, and other intellectual property (IP).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--337c4e2a-21a7-4d9a-bfee-9efd6cebf0e5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bcaa4f7e-2e84-4bbb-9fb7-ca8fb003108f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:27.786Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections fromsoftware and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bcece7ce-91b5-40b3-b87a-25cab3600e5c",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:27.985Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) attempts to contact command and control servers on port 80 to send basic information about the computer it has compromised. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bd16f422-4869-49f8-9b86-16220e857c9b",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:07:11.671Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:07:11.671Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bd639f3c-0887-49a6-9274-37e1e2d24808",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:21:25.236Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:21:25.236Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bd7509cc-a7e5-4e29-b615-225dfbdd3c4a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:16:24.310Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:28.188Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bd869385-5778-4303-8993-cc6412d12303",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:45:59.108Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:28.405Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bda03e8d-5e06-4470-b786-11b11c7c97c7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:44.456Z",
            "description": "Deploy anti-virus on all systems that support external email.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--faf2b40e-5981-433f-aa46-17458e0026f7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bdcec963-7b0d-4c42-89e8-7b1dd9ba72c9",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--b04e83cc-8ace-4880-8953-7ce55eb8c427",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bde941c6-2ca0-4f94-9336-027e7eee15a1",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:44.688Z",
            "description": "Configure internal and external firewalls to block traffic using common ports that associate to network protocols that may be unnecessary for that particular network segment.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--be0f7d83-2441-4259-b411-46e0d10566b1",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:23:24.179Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:29.045Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--be532c78-daf5-431b-adae-ab11af395513",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:29.267Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) executes malicious SQL commands in the WinCC database server to propagate to remote systems. The malicious SQL commands include xp_cmdshell, sp_dumpdbilog, and sp_addextendedproc. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--be950e87-80ac-49ea-810a-553c7f72151b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:45.107Z",
            "description": "Devices should authenticate all messages between master and outstation assets.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--beafc44c-228f-4a7e-9d92-ac1b16d730e2",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:31:17.116Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:29.670Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bf0e7347-1636-4b5e-9e2a-8b93177e5f85",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:27:09.365Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON 2018",
                    "description": "Miller, S. Reese, E. (2018, June 7). A Totally Tubular Treatise on TRITON and TriStation. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200618231942/https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/06/totally-tubular-treatise-on-triton-and-tristation.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:29.874Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) used valid credentials when laterally moving through RDP jump boxes into the ICS environment.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bf5356b1-d00e-43c3-ba92-ae504a737d76",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:46:12.472Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:30.059Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bf8e68fe-1969-48d1-be0e-ec742378748d",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:56:34.302Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:30.459Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bf8f90a2-4d3a-436d-87d0-eff060fb2302",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:06:02.077Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:30.650Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bf9f227c-e306-4257-add1-39c7c2e42040",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:47:28.758Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:30.863Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bfe38597-c92b-4989-9687-3dd20a21f82d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:05:45.030Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:45.030Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bff99f91-e1a9-4379-a2d9-5a99615a95d1",
            "created": "2020-09-22T19:41:27.951Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks REvil September 2019",
                    "description": "Counter Threat Unit Research Team. (2019, September 24). REvil/Sodinokibi Ransomware. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/revil-sodinokibi-ransomware"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks GandCrab and REvil September 2019",
                    "description": "Secureworks . (2019, September 24). REvil: The GandCrab Connection. Retrieved August 4, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/blog/revil-the-gandcrab-connection"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:46.060Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Secureworks REvil September 2019)(Citation: Secureworks GandCrab and REvil September 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--c77c5576-ca19-42ed-a36f-4b4486a84133",
            "target_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--bffad8de-a807-4216-9753-008a87d9d77f",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:56:40.730Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:31.162Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c004d8e5-8079-4f6f-90ed-93cff4f69940",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:14:07.949Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:14:07.949Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c047df7c-3ed7-455f-8b13-14ced8e93fef",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:17:47.080Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:31.380Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c0c5f223-8546-47f9-acd0-ea47da6f768d",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:56:19.121Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:19.121Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c0efb24a-2329-401a-bba6-817f2867bb3f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:46.492Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c0fb868d-9b36-492d-9577-626ecf9d50c0",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:02:30.857Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:02:30.857Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c1154a56-6f5f-4760-8b34-79b0e8a79c1f",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:34:55.362Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:31.814Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary suppressed alarm reporting to the central computer.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c137fcd2-ce51-4e17-9c2f-f1aaf9b64ce7",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:28:47.109Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018",
                    "description": "FireEye Intelligence . (2018, October 23). TRITON Attribution: Russian Government-Owned Lab Most Likely Built Custom Intrusion Tools for TRITON Attackers. Retrieved April 16, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/10/triton-attribution-russian-government-owned-lab-most-likely-built-tools.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:32.208Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) made attempts on multiple victim machines to transfer and execute the WMImplant tool.(Citation: FireEye TEMP.Veles 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c1849779-3ef0-4e68-b970-a518976a7567",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--06443942-ba28-4d13-b4b4-93317d6eafa5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c195a0e9-d46c-487f-9a96-b138e9ca05d2",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:46.964Z",
            "description": "Consider restricting access to email within critical process environments. Additionally, downloads and attachments may be disabled if email is still necessary.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--143b4398-3222-480a-b6a4-e131bc2d3144",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c19a88bb-b98c-4a2e-9b8f-9dcacd73a9c0",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c7737640-99e8-4efb-90ee-39332b623b33",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c1d77f83-23ec-4128-afd1-ed8ea12281a2",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:09:02.311Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:32.619Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c1e051ab-0a11-4d29-b98f-aa442ab69553",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:09:48.178Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:32.817Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c2168fe8-be19-4df5-808e-ed87c9c0e1c5",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:28:39.397Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.039Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c233df49-e450-4151-8a0f-1765faf3d75a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:08:08.883Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.275Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c2484b15-7dd0-4280-8898-a6a7da6f0ca2",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:09:49.009Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.468Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary used a dedicated analog two-way radio system to send false data and instructions to pumping stations and the central computer.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c27e676e-1ac0-4ec8-bf9d-f540969c6b6f",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:59:54.204Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.667Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c297179c-66a5-41b4-9a12-59f7480bc25e",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--5ba60cf7-738d-4ed4-827c-8c763ad9f0f0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c2fe42b4-6750-4b51-86b7-6c37fbfdef2d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:33.876Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--56ddc820-6cfb-407f-850b-52c035d123ac",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c347b69c-e3f6-4eca-ba57-0781c7dc8eac",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:28:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Threat Intelligence February 2020",
                    "description": "Dragos Threat Intelligence 2020, February 03 EKANS Ransomware and ICS Operations Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/blog/industry-news/ekans-ransomware-and-ics-operations/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.072Z",
            "description": "[EKANS](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0605) masquerades itself as a valid executable with the filename update.exe. Many valid programs use the process name update.exe to perform background software updates. (Citation: Dragos Threat Intelligence February 2020)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--00e7d565-9883-4ee5-b642-8fd17fd6a3f5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c37f097a-9698-412f-9e96-4d350bcd2790",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:44:26.728Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.277Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c39be68a-e208-47ac-a7be-6eb6e84d6608",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:49:14.639Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.465Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c4122b58-f1b2-4656-a715-55016700bf75",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.668Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) automatically collects protocol object data to learn about control devices in the environment. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c41d20c8-b99e-4de8-a0e5-3e0ef3b4275b",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:21:06.420Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:34.889Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c44ad0d0-0d7e-4a31-877b-ac69b679cf8d",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:04:13.732Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:13.732Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c4718fa2-2592-44b0-87d0-f866c118a779",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:07:09.213Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:35.331Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c4a50132-a210-4093-878d-3d6df23ed26e",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:10:09.146Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:35.724Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c4b036ee-be86-48cb-9f01-ab8f78e5bb37",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:15:05.405Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:35.927Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c4dd7251-ed87-4629-86b5-090e52a82df2",
            "created": "2024-04-09T21:00:32.387Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.124Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c4e8dd42-9855-4a36-b915-dc7e1a91e235",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee May 2016",
                    "description": "Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee 2016, May 26 The OilRig Campaign: Attacks on Saudi Arabian Organizations Deliver Helminth Backdoor Retrieved. 2019/11/19 ",
                    "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.324Z",
            "description": "[OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049) has embedded a macro within spearphishing attachments that has been made up of both a VBScript and a PowerShell script.(Citation: Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee May 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c4ef2c9e-b192-4292-bb23-8b39fe69fd1b",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c0abb110-c80e-4d6a-9f27-f2783f8bbfec",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c4fa7c43-1b74-4d65-ade9-72b679f4bb49",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:56:59.071Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:56:59.071Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c52501e6-6c33-4c10-9c20-b868f71f8035",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:24:47.882Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:24:47.882Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c53a4f46-f8db-4d89-b21b-9f249c8297a1",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:59:07.775Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:59:07.775Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c563bfb5-173f-4a96-812b-2aad8057f09f",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--62587e44-0623-4b14-bd45-126430eaed4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c58563a8-d757-4476-8ae2-beb2acce38b3",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:20:55.473Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.530Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c596f45a-ad65-4673-b316-05378175f35e",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:54:19.196Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.745Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c59a3d89-c8fa-4c5d-813e-f4495d892d1a",
            "created": "2019-03-25T19:13:54.947Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik April 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, April 10 Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:36.946Z",
            "description": "[WannaCry](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0366) initially infected IT networks, but by means of an exploit (particularly the SMBv1-targeting MS17-010 vulnerability) spread to industrial networks. (Citation: Joe Slowik April 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--75ecdbf1-c2bb-4afc-a3f9-c8da4de8c661",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c5a69738-3e80-421d-aba2-bdab8a4029fd",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:43:49.839Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:37.152Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c5dd0d66-99f1-4efd-b0f9-bf9f9118ff16",
            "created": "2020-06-10T18:36:54.638Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Trend Micro Cyclops Blink March 2022",
                    "description": "Haquebord, F. et al. (2022, March 17). Cyclops Blink Sets Sights on Asus Routers. Retrieved March 17, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/c/cyclops-blink-sets-sights-on-asus-routers--.html"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "NCSC Sandworm Feb 2020",
                    "description": "NCSC. (2020, February 20). NCSC supports US advisory regarding GRU intrusion set Sandworm. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/ncsc-supports-sandworm-advisory"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "mandiant_apt44_unearthing_sandworm",
                    "description": "Roncone, G. et al. (n.d.). APT44: Unearthing Sandworm. Retrieved July 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt44-unearthing-sandworm.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020",
                    "description": "Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks IRON VIKING ",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2020, May 1). IRON VIKING Threat Profile. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/iron-viking"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020",
                    "description": "UK NCSC. (2020, October 19). UK exposes series of Russian cyber attacks against Olympic and Paralympic Games . Retrieved November 30, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-exposes-series-of-russian-cyber-attacks-against-olympic-and-paralympic-games"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:45:51.619Z",
            "description": "(Citation: NCSC Sandworm Feb 2020)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020)(Citation: Secureworks IRON VIKING )(Citation: Trend Micro Cyclops Blink March 2022)(Citation: mandiant_apt44_unearthing_sandworm)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "malware--5719af9d-6b16-46f9-9b28-fb019541ddbb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c5fd0969-c151-4849-94c2-83e2e208cff7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:49.747Z",
            "description": "Ensure that wired and/or wireless traffic is encrypted when feasible. Use best practices for authentication protocols, such as Kerberos, and ensure web traffic that may contain credentials is protected by SSL/TLS. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--7f153c28-e5f1-4764-88fb-eea1d9b0ad4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c613899c-1550-4a90-8ae9-7a964147093f",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:14:51.386Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:14:51.386Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c617dafd-fb30-41e2-bf5d-1287d826dcd1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e6bc5359-4bd4-4688-9136-ac7a6b561f56",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c64f2ed2-f7a7-4333-b0d3-d687ffb7ad6b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:37.879Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--4c2e1408-9d68-4187-8e6b-a77bc52700ec",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c6520346-fe47-44ce-af75-d99004ac2977",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:38.096Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) can reprogram a PLC and change critical parameters in such a way that legitimate commands can be overridden or intercepted. In addition, Stuxnet can apply inappropriate command sequences or parameters to cause damage to property. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1af9e3fd-2bcc-414d-adbd-fe3b95c02ca1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c6562519-81c5-4eca-a815-f46ac0ed4bcc",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:50.282Z",
            "description": "Utilize network allowlists to restrict unnecessary connections to network devices (e.g., comm servers, serial to ethernet converters) and services, especially in cases when devices have limits on the number of simultaneous sessions they support.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c65e39eb-f6d1-4e3a-9070-b2fa7ea35b36",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:27:50.246Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:38.535Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c67e3535-69a9-4234-8170-4ad6efc632b7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "OWASP",
                    "description": "OWASP   Top 10 Web Application Security Risks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://owasp.org/www-project-top-ten/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:50.680Z",
            "description": "Implement continuous monitoring of vulnerability sources. Also, use automatic and manual code review tools. (Citation: OWASP)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--de0bc375-50e1-4e26-a342-a8ff8c9d3037",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c69eab3c-861c-45f5-8858-a595fcc7e6f6",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S February 2014",
                    "description": "Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S 2014, February Command & Control Understanding, Denying and Detecting Retrieved. 2016/04/20 ",
                    "url": "https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.1136.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:50.890Z",
            "description": "Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware or unusual data transfer over known tools and protocols like FTP can be used to mitigate activity at the network level. Signatures are often for unique indicators within protocols and may be based on the specific obfuscation technique used by a particular adversary or tool and will likely be different across various malware families and versions. Adversaries will likely change tool C2 signatures over time or construct protocols in such a way as to avoid detection by common defensive tools. (Citation: Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S February 2014)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3172222b-4983-43f7-8983-753ded4f13bc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c6a05c20-02d4-42ce-ad5c-280c604e13d8",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:59:11.267Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:39.381Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c785c026-4139-4c56-a6dd-cdd3ba75bab1",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:39.776Z",
            "description": "In [Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) the first COM port from the configuration file is used for the actual communication and the two other COM ports are just opened to prevent other processes accessing them. Thus, the IEC 101 payload component is able to take over and maintain control of the RTU device. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c78f497f-01c3-4efb-aa74-92b700b9c02b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:51.473Z",
            "description": "When at rest, project files should be encrypted to prevent unauthorized changes. (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c7aac6c9-da16-46e2-8cfa-dca07a0a7562",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009",
                    "description": "Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman 2009, September Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-41r1.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Dwight Anderson 2014",
                    "description": "Dwight Anderson 2014 Protect Critical Infrastructure Systems With Whitelisting Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/ICS/protect-critical-infrastructure-systems-whitelisting-35312"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:51.849Z",
            "description": "Segment operational assets and their management devices based on their functional role within the process. Enabling more strict isolation to more critical control and operational information within the control environment. (Citation: Karen Scarfone; Paul Hoffman September 2009) (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016) (Citation: Dwight Anderson 2014) \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c80a479e-5e7b-449b-ace0-b5ced0d2d442",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--60a55b7b-29a5-437e-83a7-edbe6f3c4415",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c8222300-6c5e-42d6-ae67-3595407b89fd",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:54:39.801Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:40.569Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c84e39ab-30c1-40e3-95a8-fcbb271e913c",
            "created": "2022-05-06T17:47:21.168Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Carl Hurd March 2019",
                    "description": "Carl Hurd 2019, March 26 VPNFilter Deep Dive Retrieved. 2019/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuZazP22rpI"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "William Largent June 2018",
                    "description": "William Largent 2018, June 06 VPNFilter Update - VPNFilter exploits endpoints, targets new devices Retrieved. 2019/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/06/vpnfilter-update.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:40.783Z",
            "description": "The [VPNFilter](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1010)'s ssler module configures the device's iptables to redirect all traffic destined for port 80 to its local service listening on port 8888. Any outgoing web requests on port 80 are now intercepted by ssler and can be inspected by the ps module and manipulated before being sent to the legitimate HTTP service. (Citation: William Largent June 2018) (Citation: Carl Hurd March 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6108f800-10b8-4090-944e-be579f01263d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c8a40335-90d6-496a-b4f9-1cc93d3fffc6",
            "created": "2021-04-12T17:00:17.249Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Robert A. Martin January 2021",
                    "description": "Robert A. Martin 2021, January TRUSTING OUR SUPPLY CHAINS: A COMPREHENSIVE DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/publications/pr-20-01465-37-trusting-our-supply-chains-a-comprehensive-data-driven-approach.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:52.250Z",
            "description": "A supply chain management program should include methods the assess the trustworthiness and technical maturity of a supplier, along with technical methods (e.g., code-signing, bill of materials) needed to validate the integrity of newly obtained devices and components. Develop procurement language that emphasizes the expectations for suppliers regarding the artifacts, audit records, and technical capabilities needed to validate the integrity of the devices supply chain. (Citation: Robert A. Martin January 2021)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ac8f3492-7fbb-4a0a-b0b4-b75ec676136c",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c8dd2735-bd04-4413-847d-316b77c6de19",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:41.166Z",
            "description": "Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system host files to specify what external connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in the [Filter Network Traffic](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0937) mitigation.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c8e78d6f-ac9d-4ad3-ae13-238f1eb4423a",
            "created": "2023-09-27T13:22:13.265Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:46:37.915Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "malware--54cc1d4f-5c53-4f0e-9ef5-11b4998e82e4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c9065f74-556d-4728-8072-f96642e70316",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:52.682Z",
            "description": "Access Management technologies can help enforce authentication on critical remote service, examples include, but are not limited to, device management services (e.g., telnet, SSH), data access servers (e.g., HTTP, Historians), and HMI sessions (e.g., RDP, VNC).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c90cfddb-253b-41c8-9057-2abde6f8aa6d",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:49:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "SecureWorks September 2019",
                    "description": "SecureWorks 2019, September 24 REvil/Sodinokibi Ransomware Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/revil-sodinokibi-ransomware"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Tom Fakterman August 2019",
                    "description": "Tom Fakterman 2019, August 05 Sodinokibi: The Crown Prince of Ransomware Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/the-sodinokibi-ransomware-attack"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:41.652Z",
            "description": "[REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) sends HTTPS POST messages with randomly generated URLs to communicate with a remote server. (Citation: Tom Fakterman August 2019) (Citation: SecureWorks September 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c9395e2a-afaf-427c-bcb2-ae663d72c05c",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:52.997Z",
            "description": "Provide an alternative method for alarms to be reported in the event of a communication failure.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c95850f4-4616-435c-b237-f1985833d40e",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:29:39.918Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:42.076Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c95ce502-b63d-42c6-a9f2-5a3cb0922e27",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--97914ffd-b189-415e-9309-e63e3be01b1e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--c9fb4adb-8064-426a-838d-c93674fb380b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:44:38.035Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:42.312Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ca13a117-aae0-4802-878b-c09f4a04dd31",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:06:50.018Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:42.722Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ca225ea0-e813-4205-98db-707b474ae24f",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:49:44.575Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:42.923Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ca3c4d4b-cf53-4489-904f-8a220e421aeb",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017",
                    "description": "Anton Cherepanov, ESET 2017, June 12 Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial control systems Retrieved. 2017/09/15 ",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:43.126Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604)'s OPC module can brute force values and will send out a 0x01 status which for the target systems equates to a Primary Variable Out of Limits misdirecting operators from understanding protective relay status. (Citation: Anton Cherepanov, ESET June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--4c2e1408-9d68-4187-8e6b-a77bc52700ec",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ca5c7ae7-5273-4888-bc50-183d6e200972",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:53.794Z",
            "description": "Built-in browser sandboxes and application isolation may be used to contain web-based malware.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--059ba11e-e3dc-49aa-84ca-88197f40d4ea",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ca64a927-f050-41b3-80d3-93d22cdef26a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:54.006Z",
            "description": "Ensure that unnecessary ports and services are closed to prevent risk of discovery and potential exploitation.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ca768c2a-0f14-471c-90a5-bce649e88d51",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:54.232Z",
            "description": "Application denylists can be used to block automation protocol functions used to initiate device shutdowns or restarts, such as DNP3's 0x0D function code, or vulnerabilities that can be used to trigger device shutdowns (e.g., CVE-2014-9195, CVE-2015-5374).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cad91f87-7cc7-4771-8c7b-1599793ed3c1",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Carl Hurd March 2019",
                    "description": "Carl Hurd 2019, March 26 VPNFilter Deep Dive Retrieved. 2019/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuZazP22rpI"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "William Largent June 2018",
                    "description": "William Largent 2018, June 06 VPNFilter Update - VPNFilter exploits endpoints, targets new devices Retrieved. 2019/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/06/vpnfilter-update.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:43.976Z",
            "description": "The [VPNFilter](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1010) packet sniffer looks for basic authentication as well as monitors ICS traffic, and is specific to the TP-LINK R600-VPN. The malware uses a raw socket to look for connections to a pre-specified IP address, only looking at TCP packets that are 150 bytes or larger. Packets that are not on port 502, are scanned for BasicAuth, and that information is logged. This may have allowed credential harvesting from communications between devices accessing a modbus-enabled HMI. (Citation: William Largent June 2018) (Citation: Carl Hurd March 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--6108f800-10b8-4090-944e-be579f01263d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cb1037c1-4b83-4a79-ba12-00558bb6b42b",
            "created": "2021-10-04T20:52:20.304Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Lazarus KillDisk April 2018",
                    "description": "K\u00e1lnai, P., Cherepanov A. (2018, April 03). Lazarus KillDisks Central American casino. Retrieved May 17, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2018/04/03/lazarus-killdisk-central-american-casino/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:54.554Z",
            "description": "(Citation: ESET Lazarus KillDisk April 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--00f67a77-86a4-4adf-be26-1a54fc713340",
            "target_ref": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cb30d507-edc6-4197-947c-7b3a6e395c0d",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:44.309Z",
            "description": "Utilize code signatures to verify the integrity and authenticity of programs downloaded to the device.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cb38425c-646d-4bc8-bdea-e6cc630c3034",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:44.524Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) infects PLCs with different code depending on the characteristics of the target system. An infection sequence consists of code blocks and data blocks that will be downloaded to the PLC to alter its behavior. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cb47a3bb-daec-4aa1-9a92-af2a61bb65cd",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:14:29.099Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:44.717Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cb4d802e-df5b-4017-81dd-47f65fff23a3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:55.151Z",
            "description": "Encrypt any operational data with strong confidentiality requirements, including organizational trade-secrets, recipes, and other intellectual property (IP).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b7e13ee8-182c-4f19-92a4-a88d7d855d54",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cb6d67c0-33ba-4c49-ae70-d0e4f0f68794",
            "created": "2023-03-30T14:08:42.386Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine",
                    "description": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine   The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:45.138Z",
            "description": "Retain cold-standby or replacement hardware of similar models to ensure continued operations of critical functions if the primary system is compromised or unavailable. (Citation: M. Rentschler and H. Heine)",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f0f5c87a-a58d-440a-b3b5-ca679d98c6dd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cba8313b-c338-45f7-88ef-a514094882ac",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:28:39.348Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:45.380Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) has the ability to exploit a vulnerable Asrock driver (AsrDrv103.sys) using CVE-2020-15368 to load its own unsigned driver on the system.(Citation: Wylie-22)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cbc62104-d3df-499c-9630-b510e99f3acd",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:07:05.860Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:05.860Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cbc65a60-3b40-4ecf-a10d-8ef1be72568d",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:54:26.301Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:45.573Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cbee31a0-716c-4b10-83f0-aa889bfb4749",
            "created": "2023-10-20T17:05:25.595Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:45.801Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cc5c77ce-c5a3-4791-b80e-09d35282443a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:30:08.166Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:46.007Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cca191a1-3c50-4d4f-8f79-4247e58af610",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:55.956Z",
            "description": "Use tools that restrict program execution via application control by attributes other than file name for common system and application utilities.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--4fa717d9-cabe-47c8-8cdd-86e9e2e37f30",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ccae6e5d-8a9e-4bab-ae77-26a2bd722f67",
            "created": "2021-04-13T11:15:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:46.639Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) infects OB1 so that its malicious code sequence is executed at the start of a cycle. It also infects OB35. OB35 acts as a watchdog, and on certain conditions, it can stop the execution of OB1. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ccbb44ad-2220-4260-99ce-9142c44fc797",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:10:03.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:46.864Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ccc67bb3-acc3-4294-81b3-4a0d972f2dd7",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:08:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels January 2018",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels 2018, January 16 Analyzing the TRITON industrial malware Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.midnightbluelabs.com/blog/2018/1/16/analyzing-the-triton-industrial-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:47.078Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009)'s injector, inject.bin, changes the function pointer of the 'get main processor diagnostic data' TriStation command to the address of imain.bin so that it is executed prior to the normal handler. (Citation: Jos Wetzels January 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ccef2177-65ca-4126-bcd9-dd6ffb4c5e06",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--9f3df5ac-caa0-4189-9b9b-dcf2f6bbdc54",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cd297a7b-4b02-407e-a798-e36fef4cf3a1",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:56.507Z",
            "description": "Implement network allowlists to minimize serial comm port access to only authorized hosts, such as comm servers and RTUs.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cd54b7ba-c96c-49c8-90d2-15677efb8fe2",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:15:56.470Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:47.514Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cd6f1ca4-aaec-451d-b855-55cdb0c3dde8",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:27:34.578Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Triton-EENews-2017",
                    "description": "Blake Sobczak. (2019, March 7). The inside story of the world\u2019s most dangerous malware. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.eenews.net/articles/the-inside-story-of-the-worlds-most-dangerous-malware/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON 2018",
                    "description": "Miller, S. Reese, E. (2018, June 7). A Totally Tubular Treatise on TRITON and TriStation. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200618231942/https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/06/totally-tubular-treatise-on-triton-and-tristation.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:47.756Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) utilized remote desktop protocol (RDP) jump boxes, poorly configured OT firewalls (Citation: Triton-EENews-2017), along with other traditional malware backdoors, to move into the ICS environment.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2018)(Citation: Triton-EENews-2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ce3aad7e-1e15-40c7-916b-e25a647e9986",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:31:36.462Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:48.157Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ce5833db-4cd2-4034-ac97-8a02b14e0095",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:03:17.501Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:17.501Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ce64ed04-f0ff-4897-b636-3177c9c5d9bb",
            "created": "2021-01-20T21:03:13.436Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020",
                    "description": "Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Secureworks IRON VIKING ",
                    "description": "Secureworks. (2020, May 1). IRON VIKING Threat Profile. Retrieved June 10, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/iron-viking"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:57.105Z",
            "description": "(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: Secureworks IRON VIKING )",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "malware--e221eb77-1502-4129-af1d-fe1ad55e7ec6",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ce7c17b7-b60d-4ebd-9014-2c421a64d70a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:57.325Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cf53ff89-3c31-4f8d-83a1-b74dce4c558d",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:29:16.222Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:49.067Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cf8a816c-30ee-4147-a48f-d797fb145a04",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:43:10.828Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:49.460Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cf8ac499-8c1c-4615-b933-7587f1b9488b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:58.081Z",
            "description": "The encryption of firmware should be considered to prevent adversaries from identifying possible vulnerabilities within the firmware.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--9f99fcfd-772e-4e63-9d39-e45612e546dc",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cf8acb4a-4918-4155-99a7-ee938278bbca",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--8ae936b6-b635-4104-bd11-81c18d90cf97",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--35392fb4-a31d-4c6a-b9f2-1c65b7f5e6b9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--cfaead3c-3db5-400f-bd15-dfbc57cf0185",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:15:44.547Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:49.882Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d015831c-a253-491d-9106-4ad0ccb43c3b",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:23:51.180Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:23:51.180Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d02812b2-23c3-4dce-bf94-c6e464e86fab",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:22:25.770Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:50.270Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d03de729-9235-4ceb-a1c0-935e2088020b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:29:12.533Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:50.495Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d08fdedd-12f6-4681-9167-70d070432dee",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:58.701Z",
            "description": "Perform inline allowlisting of automation protocol commands  to prevent devices from sending unauthorized command or reporting messages. Allow/denylist techniques need to be designed with sufficient accuracy to prevent the unintended blocking of valid reporting messages.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d0fb800d-f962-4e4f-a308-5e99374203c1",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--fe11c904-752f-40e2-b269-c53bbb29541a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d1388bba-9869-4e3e-a6c9-430784ad924d",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:59:13.988Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:50.912Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), operators were shut out of their equipment either through the denial of peripheral use or the degradation of equipment. Operators were therefore unable to recover from the incident through their traditional means. Much of the power was restored manually. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--a81696ef-c106-482c-8f80-59c30f2569fb",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d16e8909-d055-4174-aeb1-22c0613b2f73",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:51.106Z",
            "description": "Disable unnecessary legacy network protocols that may be used for AiTM if applicable.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d1971b32-3a15-4544-9f36-80c05121deb6",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:59.142Z",
            "description": "All devices or systems changes, including all administrative functions, should require authentication. Consider using access management technologies to enforce authorization on all management interface access attempts, especially when the device does not inherently provide strong authentication and authorization functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d1a97502-b41d-40a8-aff5-13367fefc642",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:21:45.003Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:51.534Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d1bd77d4-9f1a-41ee-bf64-0aa7438e6896",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:28:52.111Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:51.758Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d1d98f8c-aea2-4f06-9b0d-c543ed42c6a4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:26:59.732Z",
            "description": "Ensure that all SIS are segmented from operational networks to prevent them from being targeted by additional adversarial behavior.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--da44255d-85c5-492c-baf3-ee823d44f848",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--83ebd22f-b401-4d59-8219-2294172cf916",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d23fd724-563d-4f49-8bcd-09c653728cd3",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:28:00.462Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:52.170Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d2985b8a-7a29-4b57-b2f1-cddd79fe4242",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:53:20.304Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:52.379Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d2a434c7-4428-435e-ae6b-e54012f29606",
            "created": "2023-09-25T20:43:52.987Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:52.603Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should restrict the modification of programs to only certain users (e.g., engineers, field technician), preferably through implementing a role-based access mechanism.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d2dc57eb-5be2-4f9c-a4f7-18d2085ff412",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee May 2016",
                    "description": "Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee 2016, May 26 The OilRig Campaign: Attacks on Saudi Arabian Organizations Deliver Helminth Backdoor Retrieved. 2019/11/19 ",
                    "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:53.064Z",
            "description": "[OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049) communicated with its command and control using HTTP requests. (Citation: Robert Falcone, Bryan Lee May 2016)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d3266f04-3453-492d-b9ea-6fb9d0ce3999",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:49:54.378Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:53.274Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d3564f1f-8637-4878-a66a-3e8ea46f7a72",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:38:27.199Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:53.470Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d3717846-eaab-4fde-99f6-a972dec9323b",
            "created": "2024-03-27T19:43:45.213Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Dragos, Inc.. (2023, December 11). ELECTRUM Targeted Ukrainian Electric Entity Using Custom Tools and CaddyWiper Malware, October 2022. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/blog/new-details-electrum-ukraine-electric-sector-compromise-2022/"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Ken Proska, John Wolfram, Jared Wilson, Dan Black, Keith Lunden, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Nathan Brubaker, Tyler Mclellan, Chris Sistrunk. (2023, November 9). Sandworm Disrupts Power in Ukraine Using a Novel Attack Against Operational Technology. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/sandworm-disrupts-power-ukraine-operational-technology"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:49:21.362Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)(Citation: Dragos-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022) ",
            "relationship_type": "attributed-to",
            "source_ref": "campaign--df8eb785-70f8-4300-b444-277ba849083d",
            "target_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d3c94120-e6b5-4bd2-88f0-9c73f76b0104",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:01.345Z",
            "description": "Ensure anti-virus solution can detect malicious files that allow user execution (e.g., Microsoft Office Macros, program installers).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--faf2b40e-5981-433f-aa46-17458e0026f7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d3d4f469-9847-41ef-a478-5eaf6003d483",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:23:00.405Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:53.992Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d3ec223b-9dca-4e5e-8d09-b69a04110eec",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:07:38.953Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:07:38.953Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d45464ea-98b2-4f57-8f42-1cccc49e075f",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:14:34.036Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:14:34.036Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d455330d-f190-4854-8087-4c2c37003b45",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:39:29.897Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:54.422Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d48894cb-457e-4a81-82b4-2d735aea5128",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:50:56.496Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:54.613Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d4968f45-d06b-4843-8f72-6e08beb94cab",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:27.070Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Dragonfly",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response. (2014, June 30). Dragonfly: Cyberespionage Attacks Against Energy Suppliers. Retrieved April 8, 2016.",
                    "url": "https://community.broadcom.com/symantecenterprise/communities/community-home/librarydocuments/viewdocument?DocumentKey=7382dce7-0260-4782-84cc-890971ed3f17&CommunityKey=1ecf5f55-9545-44d6-b0f4-4e4a7f5f5e68&tab=librarydocuments"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021",
                    "description": "Slowik, J. (2021, October). THE BAFFLING BERSERK BEAR: A DECADE\u2019S ACTIVITY TARGETING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE. Retrieved December 6, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://vblocalhost.com/uploads/VB2021-Slowik.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:01.914Z",
            "description": "(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--1c63d4ec-0a75-4daa-b1df-0d11af3d3cc1",
            "target_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d4a6d928-ac0c-4b27-a3bc-e42703b5859c",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:02:23.617Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:02:23.617Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d4da5e90-7986-4c8a-bfb6-df4c0586ce87",
            "created": "2024-03-27T20:48:27.536Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Ken Proska, John Wolfram, Jared Wilson, Dan Black, Keith Lunden, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Nathan Brubaker, Tyler Mclellan, Chris Sistrunk. (2023, November 9). Sandworm Disrupts Power in Ukraine Using a Novel Attack Against Operational Technology. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/sandworm-disrupts-power-ukraine-operational-technology"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:54.925Z",
            "description": "During the [2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0034), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) used existing hypervisor access to map an ISO image named `a.iso` to a virtual machine running a SCADA server. The SCADA server\u2019s operating system was configured to autorun CD-ROM images, and as a result, a malicious VBS script on the ISO image was automatically executed.(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--df8eb785-70f8-4300-b444-277ba849083d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d50a3d89-c8fa-4c5d-813e-f4495d892d1a",
            "created": "2019-03-25T19:13:54.947Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik April 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, April 10 Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.118Z",
            "description": "[WannaCry](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0366) can move laterally through industrial networks by means of the SMB service. (Citation: Joe Slowik April 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--75ecdbf1-c2bb-4afc-a3f9-c8da4de8c661",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d5289c2e-e5c4-443d-94ec-ce9a44992065",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:56:06.321Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:56:06.321Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d58d8b19-90bc-4a7f-840d-076be296ff20",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:09:01.803Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.324Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d5b532fe-3df9-4f92-a0f0-9c92823cdb6a",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:43:49.584Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.515Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d5e908f9-eea1-4e55-a406-f24c5dc74b2d",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:38:17.313Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.721Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d611b750-95e5-4f73-8f16-38db0a34a2e0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:08:23.682Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:55.928Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d648b3c7-77d2-42f3-a367-620621b714ab",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:11:29.314Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:56.117Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d67ae959-9014-4501-b963-42bee03a5e3b",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:09:34.908Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson December 2023",
                    "description": "Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson. (2023, December 22). Iranian-Linked Hacks Expose Failure to Safeguard US Water System. Retrieved March 25, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-12-22/iranian-linked-hacks-expose-failure-to-safeguard-us-water-system"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:56.322Z",
            "description": "During the [Unitronics Defacement Campaign](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0031), the [CyberAv3ngers](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1027) caused multiple businesses to halt operations in their industrial environments, impacting their typical business operations. These victims covered multiple sectors.(Citation: Jamie Tarabay and Katrina Manson December 2023)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--8fda050f-470d-4401-994e-35c1a6c301de",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d6a2a1a8-8f5b-4e94-8fce-8edd8a17627a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:02.871Z",
            "description": "When available utilize hardware and software root-of-trust to verify the authenticity of a system. This may be achieved through cryptographic means, such as digital signatures or hashes, of critical software and firmware throughout the supply chain.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d717cc26-2fab-42cd-a67f-7079b1ce8f15",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:18:58.353Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:18:58.353Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d72e7d01-56be-4fbd-8957-3384533ba83b",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels January 2018",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels 2018, January 16 Analyzing the TRITON industrial malware Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.midnightbluelabs.com/blog/2018/1/16/analyzing-the-triton-industrial-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:56.942Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) leverages a reconstructed TriStation protocol within its framework to trigger APIs related to program download, program allocation, and program changes. (Citation: Jos Wetzels January 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d775a6ed-4a60-41f4-ac06-da86c27cd1de",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:48:41.176Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:57.155Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d7b07d40-fbdb-41e9-b610-57de10fa41e5",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:29:50.745Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:57.388Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d7ea83fa-87c7-4d36-96d5-aee554504040",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:27.074Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ESET Bad Rabbit",
                    "description": "M.L\u00e9veille, M-E.. (2017, October 24). Bad Rabbit: Not\u2011Petya is back with improved ransomware. Retrieved January 28, 2021.",
                    "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/10/24/bad-rabbit-not-petya-back/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:57.606Z",
            "description": "Several transportation organizations in Ukraine have suffered from being infected by [Bad Rabbit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0606), resulting in some computers becoming encrypted, according to media reports. (Citation: ESET Bad Rabbit)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--2eaa5319-5e1e-4dd7-bbc4-566fced3964a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d80c615e-addc-49c8-a2b9-991e24678d86",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--6d2ba563-0aa9-4f64-a14d-da62b694b495",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d80f9deb-ba2a-4a07-aa23-81c423cf4a18",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:46:01.992Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:57.843Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d8354850-bd4c-4bd9-a585-b107f5f1398f",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer December 2017",
                    "description": "Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer 2017, December 14 Attackers Deploy New ICS Attack Framework TRITON and Cause Operational Disruption to Critical Infrastructure Retrieved. 2018/01/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/attackers-deploy-new-ics-attack-framework-triton.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:58.054Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) has the capability to reprogram the SIS logic to allow unsafe conditions to persist or reprogram the SIS to allow an unsafe state  while using the DCS to create an unsafe state or hazard. (Citation: Blake Johnson, Dan Caban, Marina Krotofil, Dan Scali, Nathan Brubaker, Christopher Glyer December 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5fa00fdd-4a55-4191-94a0-564181d7fec2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d84d4745-77d0-46e4-a876-82a15c745a88",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:47:53.277Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:47:53.277Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d854cc38-adf7-485d-96b5-70606f6cb87e",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:58.274Z",
            "description": "Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system host files to specify what external connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in the [Filter Network Traffic](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0937) mitigation.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d8911566-f622-4a01-b765-514dbbfd8201",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:27:01.345Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:58.493Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can deploy Tcpdump to sniff network traffic and collect PCAP files.(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d89d9778-4695-4c97-bf6d-1d0fbabb41fa",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:14:51.778Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:58.678Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d8f45959-e0fc-4b4f-a074-a3acea926300",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:04.242Z",
            "description": "Consider the disabling of features such as AutoRun.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d0909119-2f71-4923-87db-b649881672d7",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d8f95008-33c9-4572-9916-023d8de449b1",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:04:16.785Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:59.116Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d90aeeb6-3686-483a-8403-6514ecfe1a50",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT August 2018",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2018, August 22 Advisory (ICSA-14-178-01) Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-14-178-01"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:59.321Z",
            "description": "The [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) payload has caused multiple common OPC platforms to intermittently crash. This could cause a denial of service effect on applications reliant on OPC communications. (Citation: ICS-CERT August 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d9165ecb-bc10-4189-a7e4-057bdf05bf3f",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:59.761Z",
            "description": "[BlackEnergy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0089) targeted energy sector organizations in a wide reaching email spearphishing campaign. Adversaries utilized malicious Microsoft Word documents attachments. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)\n",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--54cc1d4f-5c53-4f0e-9ef5-11b4998e82e4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d96788b4-55dd-48df-bb9b-83b33ca24813",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:55:22.376Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:04:59.970Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d99a28f4-6536-4d73-9241-497cda9a8878",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--1bae319f-03d8-49c9-8bb8-e4f27bb69a11",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e33c7ecc-5a38-497f-beb2-a9a2049a4c20",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d9de58a6-58fd-499c-ba7d-588239297179",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:42:31.464Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:00.181Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--d9fa7d68-a07c-4cf0-bb01-14e2c70c21d5",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:51:11.687Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:00.416Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--da144dd2-c949-4a7f-8c8d-0cb27c52196a",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:42:53.226Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:00.613Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--da246386-12c6-4d7e-adc2-f3148686d6c1",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:06:02.769Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:06:02.769Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--da771d72-c778-4c9a-acb4-01b5fc3d36c0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:06:57.332Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:00.816Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--da987131-bf37-4730-9914-323879d2b5c3",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:34:11.025Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:01.013Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dac96d76-b9b8-4278-9f5b-62f4992e2ac8",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:44:22.801Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:01.207Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dae4ef38-bd41-45e0-b780-ea9d411386d3",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e8b537e6-04eb-4168-a206-88cc041edf50",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--db46e84f-435e-4022-b484-e6d2e253660c",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:06:13.468Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:01.600Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dbcc492c-782e-4418-8373-dbc7a76498b0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:45:35.293Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:02.024Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dbdd9a97-81df-40b8-b72d-ac67d121b8b3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:05.910Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for control functions should provide authenticity through MAC functions or digital signatures. If not, utilize bump-in-the-wire devices or VPNs to enforce communication authenticity between devices that are not capable of supporting this (e.g., legacy controllers, RTUs).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dc35c44a-a90c-48a1-8811-af2618216e42",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:02.424Z",
            "description": "Use strong multi-factor authentication for remote service accounts to mitigate an adversary's ability to leverage stolen credentials. Be aware of multi-factor authentication interception techniques for some implementations.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ddf3e568-f065-49e2-9106-42029a28ddbd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dc46ffc2-eac7-4491-8d2a-46cf8e2e963f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:06.208Z",
            "description": "Filter for protocols and payloads associated with firmware activation or updating activity.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b9160e77-ea9e-4ba9-b1c8-53a3c466b13d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dc5736b5-b906-41e9-b772-53d92b1aa48c",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:04:59.096Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:59.096Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dd350208-e49c-412f-b249-f09d8203f1eb",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3a772c6d-fda2-404a-86aa-85a0bdbb43e9",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dd9abe36-1cee-4100-a94f-105d9678fd1f",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:06:35.470Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:02.821Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dda89758-9d0b-446d-b594-85acc7f9cb90",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:03.230Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--63b6942d-8359-4506-bfb3-cf87aa8120ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dded2d68-35c7-42c4-af10-efe7731673e3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:06.789Z",
            "description": "All APIs on remote systems or local processes should require the authentication of users before executing any code or system changes.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--de981644-10f5-40bf-9ced-5c35ed8f9793",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:12:25.320Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:12:25.320Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dead5325-7efe-4dcc-bf78-42b9190f74da",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:46:40.272Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:03.868Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--deb83319-bc5a-4b9b-a44a-bd369b899601",
            "created": "2024-03-25T20:18:12.056Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.076Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c5cf58c-a34a-40d7-82f4-f987cdfc2b91",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dede1ad8-7375-4d53-8a18-ac88008c78e1",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:06:41.935Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:06:41.935Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--def57041-6bb4-453a-bf04-188b9e97a35d",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:26:34.603Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.312Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--df321d74-25d6-42da-80e8-3c9a291cb471",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:57:41.602Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.505Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--df6da4ec-cbe8-4f93-a41f-3726a9491938",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.722Z",
            "description": "Statically defined ARP entries can prevent manipulation and sniffing of switched network traffic, as some AiTM techniques depend on sending spoofed ARP messages to manipulate network host's dynamic ARP tables.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--df7b521e-4496-432f-a61d-3094d0c7bc23",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:58:26.994Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:04.930Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--df80e2b6-5672-4f26-a19c-a394f3731f24",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:48:48.649Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:05.126Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--df88d021-cb8e-482d-9260-445d0a0244ac",
            "created": "2024-03-27T19:51:10.097Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022",
                    "description": "Ken Proska, John Wolfram, Jared Wilson, Dan Black, Keith Lunden, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Nathan Brubaker, Tyler Mclellan, Chris Sistrunk. (2023, November 9). Sandworm Disrupts Power in Ukraine Using a Novel Attack Against Operational Technology. Retrieved March 28, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/sandworm-disrupts-power-ukraine-operational-technology"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:05.322Z",
            "description": "During the [2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0034), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) leveraged the SCIL-API on the MicroSCADA platform to execute commands through the `scilc.exe` binary.(Citation: Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--df8eb785-70f8-4300-b444-277ba849083d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--24a9253e-8948-4c98-b751-8e2aee53127c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--df9f5a5b-0662-4904-8e57-bc25c244a6da",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:11:11.658Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:05.761Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dfb20521-91c2-4f55-b92a-dab959759b78",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:03:38.874Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:05.955Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dfc355bd-ee2e-4c80-a61c-0ca700dbc006",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--105c127f-2777-452e-bf61-b0786ee13861",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2900bbd8-308a-4274-b074-5b8bde8347bc",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dfc6fb8e-87f4-4a50-a21e-1df2ad35d3c6",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:03:53.406Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:53.406Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dfd0dc6c-33ad-44a4-9def-1d8e23e278fb",
            "created": "2022-04-15T22:05:32.209Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T22:52:24.900Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "revoked-by",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--76d59913-1d24-4992-a8ac-05a3eb093f71",
            "target_ref": "intrusion-set--1c63d4ec-0a75-4daa-b1df-0d11af3d3cc1",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--dfe43fa1-ffc2-4c6c-a91d-f2ca55f21ccb",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:06.275Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) copies itself into Step 7 projects in such a way that it automatically executes when the Step 7 project is loaded. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e09e253c-fd28-49ae-988e-1f80d769e8b8",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:08.703Z",
            "description": "Prevent the use of unsigned executables, such as installers and scripts.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e0aee02c-b424-4781-be10-793d71594c31",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014",
                    "description": "Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen 2014, June 23 Havex Hunts For ICS/SCADA Systems Retrieved. 2019/04/01 ",
                    "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002718.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:07.176Z",
            "description": "The [Backdoor.Oldrea](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0093) RAT is distributed through a trojanized installer attached to emails. (Citation: Daavid Hentunen, Antti Tikkanen June 2014)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--083bb47b-02c8-4423-81a2-f9ef58572974",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--648f995e-9c3a-41e4-aeee-98bb41037426",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e0d101cc-1284-4e88-82d6-227fe5d19d8a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:09.177Z",
            "description": "Update software regularly by employing patch management for internal enterprise endpoints and servers.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--97f33c84-8508-45b9-8a1d-cac921828c9e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e0da1f92-82b1-4096-86c4-1aef58ca89fb",
            "created": "2023-03-10T20:08:40.601Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Marshall Abrams July 2008",
                    "description": "Marshall Abrams 2008, July 23 Malicious Control System Cyber Security Attack Case Study Maroochy Water Services, Australia Retrieved. 2018/03/27 ",
                    "url": "https://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/08_1145.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:07.595Z",
            "description": "In the [Maroochy Water Breach](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0020), the adversary temporarily shut an investigator out of the network, preventing them from viewing the state of the system.(Citation: Marshall Abrams July 2008)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--70cab19e-1745-425e-b3db-c02cd5ff157a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--56ddc820-6cfb-407f-850b-52c035d123ac",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e1269074-37f4-460b-8a2a-cd26892d4f8e",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:42:54.009Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:07.806Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e13f8de3-3ea1-4987-9355-aad8d967a207",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:05:22.195Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:05:22.195Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e156609f-c30b-4bf5-8a1b-9689ba778a14",
            "created": "2023-03-31T17:44:45.164Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Crashoverride 2018",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:08.219Z",
            "description": "During the [2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) transferred executable files as .txt and then renamed them to .exe, likely to avoid detection through extension tracking.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--aa73efef-1418-4dbe-b43c-87a498e97234",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e17c3b74-69d8-47b2-88d4-adcaf418ab74",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:08:48.251Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:08.436Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e1f28ed0-ec35-4792-ae02-a2d003bd3df4",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:09:07.381Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:08.845Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e257913e-40ba-4a05-ba97-0c3175c966b5",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Langer Stuxnet",
                    "description": "Ralph Langner. (2013, November). To Kill a Centrifuge: A Technical Analysis of What Stuxnet's Creators Tried to Achieve. Retrieved December 7, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.langner.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/to-kill-a-centrifuge.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.057Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) manipulates the view of operators replaying process input and manipulating the I/O image to evade detection and inhibit protection functions. (Citation: Langer Stuxnet) (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--4c2e1408-9d68-4187-8e6b-a77bc52700ec",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e323dee4-a896-4a82-85f5-d51d311b0437",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:49:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Max Heinemeyer February 2020",
                    "description": "Max Heinemeyer 2020, February 21 Post-mortem of a targeted Sodinokibi ransomware attack Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.darktrace.com/en/blog/post-mortem-of-a-targeted-sodinokibi-ransomware-attack/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.276Z",
            "description": "[REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) uses the SMB protocol to encrypt files located on remotely connected file shares. (Citation: Max Heinemeyer February 2020)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e3923fcf-5580-4c1e-bc55-33f67792cc00",
            "created": "2022-09-28T20:25:51.024Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos-Pipedream",
                    "description": "DRAGOS. (2022, April 13). Pipedream: Chernovite\u2019s Emerging Malware Targeting Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/116-Whitepapers/Dragos_ChernoviteWP_v2b.pdf?hsLang=en"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Wylie-22",
                    "description": "Jimmy Wylie. (2022, August). Analyzing PIPEDREAM: Challenges in Testing an ICS Attack Toolkit. Defcon 30.",
                    "url": "https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Jimmy%20Wylie%20-%20Analyzing%20PIPEDREAM%20Challenges%20in%20testing%20an%20ICS%20attack%20toolkit.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Brubaker-Incontroller",
                    "description": "Nathan Brubaker, Keith Lunden, Ken Proska, Muhammad Umair, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Corey Hildebrandt, Rob Caldwell. (2022, April 13). INCONTROLLER: New State-Sponsored Cyber Attack Tools Target Multiple Industrial Control Systems. Retrieved September 28, 2022.",
                    "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/incontroller-state-sponsored-ics-tool"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.492Z",
            "description": "[INCONTROLLER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1045) can wipe the memory of Omron PLCs and reset settings through the remote HTTP service.(Citation: Brubaker-Incontroller)(Citation: Dragos-Pipedream)(Citation: Wylie-22) ",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--d3aa1058-b1b3-4c29-a3ba-9a9b90ccd93b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e3b04152-0c90-41ff-a333-c5163fa9714f",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:41:22.619Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.685Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2d0d40ad-22fa-4cc8-b264-072557e1364b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e41a04fe-a142-4294-a9f2-576214e1f985",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:48:04.616Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:09.881Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e434db5d-f201-4411-825f-4a50e1e78c75",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:06:20.834Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:10.093Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e49e0138-4247-4f3e-a42c-f0dab2f6ffbc",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:49:44.351Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:10.309Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e4bc29f2-87c8-491d-b51b-d6cede7c1972",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:45:33.777Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:10.725Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e4c62e59-d14e-4cbc-a4a9-4f64bd523d5a",
            "created": "2024-04-09T21:00:11.159Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:10.930Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--dcb1d1c1-b195-45bf-b4cf-5b98c5b859a5",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e4e37e2e-c6fc-4a67-a1c5-b349b1cd5a79",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:09:16.239Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:09:16.239Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e5afc447-a241-4773-9a8a-3d6fd205d926",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:11.174Z",
            "description": "Utilize exploit protection to prevent activities which may be exploited through malicious web sites.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--49363b74-d506-4342-bd63-320586ebadb9",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e5c9aacb-51e3-41d3-995d-9e6ed04a2454",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:17:51.320Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:11.594Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e607bb66-e53f-4684-b3f1-36a997e27d01",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004",
                    "description": "A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004 APPLYING THE LATEST STANDARD FOR FUNCTIONAL SAFETY  IEC 61511 Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://www.icheme.org/media/9906/xviii-paper-23.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:11.640Z",
            "description": "Protection devices should have minimal digital components to prevent exposure to related adversarial techniques. Examples include interlocks, rupture disks, release valves, etc. (Citation: A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith 2004) \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--8bc4a54e-810c-4600-8b6c-08fa8413a401",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--83ebd22f-b401-4d59-8219-2294172cf916",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e6af4cbd-1b2e-4733-be57-43a845f465eb",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:30:32.778Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:12.007Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e6be2fb4-3815-4e52-8dec-2aed1dc3b7cf",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:12.222Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should restrict the modification of parameter values to only certain users (e.g., engineers, field technician), preferably through implementing a role-based access mechanism. They should also restrict online edits and enable write protection for parameters. \n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e6e0ef82-2cb6-43fe-8f4a-b9e4d5a57b13",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:12.026Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e75f88e6-1ffb-467b-b488-46e91cb3e1e9",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:42:16.270Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:12.625Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e767c178-e4b2-490a-b544-bb1b2d6c7de4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:12.351Z",
            "description": "Application isolation will limit the other processes and system features an exploited target can access. Examples of built in features are software restriction policies, AppLocker for Windows, and SELinux or AppArmor for Linux.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--059ba11e-e3dc-49aa-84ca-88197f40d4ea",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e79825fb-3bd0-41e7-9bdd-257cd3ab44a2",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:45:20.769Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:13.276Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e7c3b02a-a932-4561-b812-5cfadd7f9b2f",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:25:47.710Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:13.477Z",
            "description": "During [FrostyGoop Incident](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0041), the adversary initiated a firmware downgrade on victim devices to a version lacking monitoring.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--1169ff24-b35f-4d8d-8cf3-643a2834227f",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e7eca1f8-1c88-4d99-996c-b93e0c66f063",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:57:33.616Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:57:33.616Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e83a79df-2555-4b2f-9ade-b9ed2689ae42",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:39:41.736Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:13.666Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e852e64c-b5e0-4e7f-a189-bbc7aa7932c7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine",
                    "description": "M. Rentschler and H. Heine   The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:13.009Z",
            "description": "Hot-standbys in diverse locations can ensure continued operations if the primarily system are compromised or unavailable. At the network layer, protocols such as the Parallel Redundancy Protocol can be used to simultaneously use redundant and diverse communication over a local network. (Citation: M. Rentschler and H. Heine)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f0f5c87a-a58d-440a-b3b5-ca679d98c6dd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--56ddc820-6cfb-407f-850b-52c035d123ac",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e8af0b34-4a67-4966-a34a-c4d1b346ea15",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:13.343Z",
            "description": "All devices or systems changes, including all administrative functions, should require authentication. Consider using access management technologies to enforce authorization on all management interface access attempts, especially when the device does not inherently provide strong authentication and authorization functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e8eaac2d-a4bf-408f-b24f-14471db7059b",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:13.634Z",
            "description": "Minimize permissions and access for service accounts to limit the information that may be impacted by malicious users or software. (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--622fe4d4-0e8e-4d17-9c25-6c9cef1f15d5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e8ef9bb9-1335-4418-b788-f8220dbbe4c8",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:50:30.312Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:14.760Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e915e12c-3d0c-4f60-b119-9414940abb0b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:08:27.145Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:14.982Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e95fe824-4df1-49a2-abf7-5d76fb47ef42",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:45:18.672Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:15.180Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e98892d6-e036-4140-adbb-2932dba51a19",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:08:09.519Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:15.413Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--e9f5096e-b9fc-459a-a303-88763b1269cc",
            "created": "2020-05-14T14:41:42.975Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019",
                    "description": "McKeague, B. et al. (2019, April 5). Pick-Six: Intercepting a FIN6 Intrusion, an Actor Recently Tied to Ryuk and LockerGoga Ransomware. Retrieved April 17, 2019.",
                    "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/04/pick-six-intercepting-a-fin6-intrusion.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:14.290Z",
            "description": "(Citation: FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--2a7914cf-dff3-428d-ab0f-1014d1c28aeb",
            "target_ref": "malware--a020a61c-423f-4195-8c46-ba1d21abba37",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ea211d90-b379-446f-bc5e-ae7befe5a6ff",
            "created": "2025-09-29T22:04:53.274Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T22:04:53.274Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ea50253a-3220-458b-b810-ad032f2b182f",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "DHS CISA February 2019",
                    "description": "DHS CISA 2019, February 27 MAR-17-352-01 HatManSafety System Targeted Malware (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/MAR-17-352-01%20HatMan%20-%20Safety%20System%20Targeted%20Malware%20%28Update%20B%29.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "ICS-CERT December 2018",
                    "description": "ICS-CERT 2018, December 18 Advisory (ICSA-18-107-02) - Schneider Electric Triconex Tricon (Update B) Retrieved. 2019/03/08 ",
                    "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-18-107-02"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Schneider Electric January 2018",
                    "description": "Schneider Electric 2018, January 23 TRITON - Schneider Electric Analysis and Disclosure Retrieved. 2019/03/14 ",
                    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f09E75bWvkk&index=3&list=PL8OWO1qWXF4qYG19p7An4Vw3N2YZ86aRS&t=0s"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "The Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation",
                    "description": "The Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation Schneider Electric 2018, January 23 TRITON - Schneider Electric Analysis and Disclosure Retrieved. 2019/03/14  Triconex Topical Report 7286-545-1 Retrieved. 2018/05/30 ",
                    "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1209/ML120900890.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:15.720Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) disables a firmware RAM/ROM consistency check after injects a payload (imain.bin) into the firmware memory region. (Citation: DHS CISA February 2019) (Citation: ICS-CERT December 2018) (Citation: Schneider Electric January 2018) Triconex systems include continuous means of detection including checksums for firmware and program integrity, memory and memory reference integrity, and configuration. (Citation: The Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9f947a1c-3860-48a8-8af0-a2dfa3efde03",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ea817c7a-9424-4204-90a5-6f8fb86037be",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:14.770Z",
            "description": "Configure features related to account use like login attempt lockouts, specific login times, and password strength requirements as examples. Consider these features as they relate to assets which may impact safety and availability. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--86b455f2-fb63-4043-93a8-32a3a7703a02",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eac205a6-271b-4a86-acf3-6f4ddefb82c4",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:38:59.611Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:16.312Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eac550b4-3bd2-4309-8b37-b797dd0bd8a7",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:15.101Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eadb4ca5-ee99-4169-a926-95b1ff82e960",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:28:52.768Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:16.718Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eae674f9-10a2-41e6-9cd3-205af8e69d53",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:05:15.314Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:17.058Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eaeb3c8d-9d91-4eb0-8049-5cb99e141026",
            "created": "2021-10-08T15:25:32.143Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:17.271Z",
            "description": "[Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) executes malicious SQL commands in the WinCC database server to propagate to remote systems. The malicious SQL commands include xp_cmdshell, sp_dumpdbilog, and sp_addextendedproc. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eb171086-88e1-4f24-bd7e-c3f8b3c3283b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:44:09.311Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:17.683Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eb1e05ef-58df-4c6d-acd7-5cc63ff7f44f",
            "created": "2021-10-08T15:42:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos Inc. June 2017",
                    "description": "Dragos Inc. 2017, June 13 Industroyer - Dragos - 201706: Analysis of the Threat to Electic Grid Operations Retrieved. 2017/09/18 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/crashoverride/CrashOverride-01.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:17.881Z",
            "description": "[Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) establishes an internal proxy prior to the installation of backdoors within the network. (Citation: Dragos Inc. June 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eb5310c6-7500-4b16-8ca7-6678c6232001",
            "created": "2023-09-29T19:36:38.824Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:18.076Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ebb27a0d-c1cc-403f-aea0-6bc90aa52cfe",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--e69d1e15-76e1-434c-bd45-0354a10dde8a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ebc34374-2dee-4dc1-b0b7-f31ae94dab11",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:15.968Z",
            "description": "Protocols used for device management should authenticate all network messages to prevent unauthorized system changes.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ebc9f35c-6f95-4bc0-b8b3-f9b515690fa0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:09:37.977Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:18.505Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ec105f62-2552-41fa-8b07-619dc1bf9b19",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:16.343Z",
            "description": "Authenticate all access to field controllers before authorizing access to, or modification of, a device's state, logic, or programs. Centralized authentication techniques can help manage the large number of field controller accounts needed across the ICS.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ecaf20c0-d881-45b4-98f2-a456e07d3643",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:25:48.379Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:18.922Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ecf39e19-439f-4e9a-97c2-673ce4eb0a1a",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013",
                    "description": "National Institute of Standards and Technology 2013, April Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:16.740Z",
            "description": "Provide operators with redundant, out-of-band communication to support monitoring and control of the operational processes, especially when recovering from a network outage  (Citation: National Institute of Standards and Technology April 2013). Out-of-band communication should utilize diverse systems and technologies to minimize common failure modes and vulnerabilities within the communications infrastructure. For example, wireless networks (e.g., 3G, 4G) can be used to provide diverse and redundant delivery of data.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--b11cad63-ef30-4eb8-af0d-6cc46eef3f3e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ed095993-bc85-431e-9621-437143f16d44",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:44:09.285Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:19.379Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--063b5b92-5361-481a-9c3f-95492ed9a2d8",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ed3ce006-cf41-46f6-bd86-054314c130dc",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:15:57.120Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:19.565Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c267bbee-bb59-47fe-85e0-3ed210337c21",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ed3ef546-566a-46c7-918e-7bfa10d05991",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:06:47.370Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:19.779Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ed66e087-8877-4146-a16a-44cfd144a3d8",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:07:00.450Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:19.992Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a26eee-1080-4d17-9762-2027d5a1b805",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ed8b97e2-5966-4844-a636-524541a46e43",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:39:18.448Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:20.202Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--edaa6f5c-1b59-4ecb-a20f-716a61cdaccb",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:39:29.206Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:20.412Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--edccbe1f-a07a-405e-9b9a-b247ce3dcc9b",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:58:54.996Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:20.853Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ede2b798-2f39-419e-a7d3-8f0c733af4c1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:12:00.004Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:21.055Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ede5f716-52cd-4833-b092-5938262cd20b",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:08:08.900Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:08.900Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--edf73653-b2d7-422f-b433-b6a428ff12d4",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:27.074Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Orkhan Mamedov, Fedor Sinitsyn, Anton Ivanov October 2017",
                    "description": "Orkhan Mamedov, Fedor Sinitsyn, Anton Ivanov 2017, October 27 Bad Rabbit Ransomware Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://securelist.com/bad-rabbit-ransomware/82851/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:21.272Z",
            "description": "[Bad Rabbit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0606) is disguised as an Adobe Flash installer. When the file is opened it starts locking the infected computer. (Citation: Orkhan Mamedov, Fedor Sinitsyn, Anton Ivanov October 2017)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--2eaa5319-5e1e-4dd7-bbc4-566fced3964a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2736b752-4ec5-4421-a230-8977dea7649c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--edfa4bcb-6304-42df-b7c6-8caf480c66f2",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:58:04.082Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:21.474Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ee1bf429-2c7c-4eb6-acca-e758522baf2e",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:49:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Tom Fakterman August 2019",
                    "description": "Tom Fakterman 2019, August 05 Sodinokibi: The Crown Prince of Ransomware Retrieved. 2021/04/12 ",
                    "url": "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/the-sodinokibi-ransomware-attack"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:21.902Z",
            "description": "[REvil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496) utilizes JavaScript, WScript, and PowerShell scripts to execute. The malicious JavaScript attachment has an obfuscated PowerShell script that executes the malware. (Citation: Tom Fakterman August 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--ac61f1f9-7bb1-465e-9b8a-c2ce8e88baf5",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ee2fdebd-1587-4e53-a7d7-c15fcc88879d",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:22.101Z",
            "description": "[BlackEnergy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0089) utilizes valid user and administrator credentials, in addition to creating new administrator accounts to maintain presence. (Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)\n",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--54cc1d4f-5c53-4f0e-9ef5-11b4998e82e4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ee538956-6abf-4884-bbfa-16839f6c7d63",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:03:09.092Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:09.092Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ee72cc27-2e78-47c4-8786-1351f9bcee97",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:05:33.450Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:22.308Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ee89466e-0655-4217-844d-fb8ea4f76247",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:18.599Z",
            "description": "Filter for protocols and payloads associated with firmware activation or updating activity.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eebae2f3-aaa1-4410-8b75-db5bdac1d4d6",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:04:07.868Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:22.759Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eecca3e7-4db5-40d4-b04c-13f84701acb3",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security October 2009",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:22.949Z",
            "description": "Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.  Maintain and exercise incident response plans  (Citation: Department of Homeland Security October 2009), including the management of gold-copy back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--ad12819e-3211-4291-b360-069f280cff0a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--138979ba-0430-4de6-a128-2fc0b056ba36",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eeeaa0d4-0ca0-468e-ae13-43ab7aba61b4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Keith Stouffer May 2015",
                    "description": "Keith Stouffer 2015, May Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Retrieved. 2018/03/28 ",
                    "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories August 2015",
                    "description": "Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories 2015, August Understanding When to Use LDAP or RADIUS for Centralized Authentication Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://cdn.selinc.com/assets/Literature/Publications/Application%20Notes/AN2015-08_20150817.pdf?"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:19.009Z",
            "description": "Consider configuration and use of a network-wide authentication service such as Active Directory, LDAP, or RADIUS capabilities which can be found in ICS devices. (Citation: Keith Stouffer May 2015) (Citation: Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories August 2015)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--2f0160b7-e982-49d7-9612-f19b810f1722",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eeeb83cb-0a8a-412b-aae2-aede7c43d8e8",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:11:45.241Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:23.369Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1b22b676-9347-4c55-9a35-ef0dc653db5b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eeed6b2a-093b-478d-8d20-4ecf0b458bee",
            "created": "2025-09-24T17:57:18.102Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T17:57:18.102Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2dc2b567-8821-49f9-9045-8740f3d0b958",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eeeff03f-7436-4f76-8591-42075e6647d4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:19.325Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should restrict operating mode changes to only required authenticated users (e.g., engineers, field technicians), preferably through implementing a role-based access mechanism. Further, physical mechanisms (e.g., keys) can also be used to limit unauthorized operating mode changes.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ef60735b-c64b-465c-9e5f-46a4d3a49fb3",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:54:48.577Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:23.790Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--53a48c74-0025-45f4-b04a-baa853df8204",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ef615d62-fe85-4740-9c5d-5dddff9b5693",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Symantec Security Response July 2014",
                    "description": "Symantec Security Response 2014, July 7 Dragonfly: Cyberespionage Attacks Against Energy Suppliers Retrieved. 2016/04/08 ",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/dragonfly_threat_against_western_energy_suppliers#:~:text=The%20attackers%2C%20known%20to%20Symantec,supply%20in%20the%20affected%20countries."
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:23.983Z",
            "description": "[Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) trojanized legitimate ICS equipment providers software packages available for download on their websites.(Citation: Symantec Security Response July 2014)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--1c63d4ec-0a75-4daa-b1df-0d11af3d3cc1",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--efb80069-e4be-4055-bd34-06d1376b4601",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "McCarthy, J et al. July 2018",
                    "description": "McCarthy, J et al. 2018, July NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities Retrieved. 2020/09/17 ",
                    "url": "https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:19.711Z",
            "description": "Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization policies and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provide capabilities to support user identification and authentication. (Citation: McCarthy, J et al. July 2018) These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--5a2610f6-9fff-41e1-bc27-575ca20383d4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--eff19f74-4940-4c8e-a3b3-b3c16fe3f5e0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:39:09.447Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:24.415Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3f1f4ccb-9be2-4ff8-8f69-dd972221169b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--efface85-ce65-400f-8632-cb188cc08bcf",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:11:45.227Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:11:45.227Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f05a2592-00f9-4f1f-ba55-395af5444b96",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:42:29.179Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:24.632Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f08d487a-7837-48f9-9301-fe0f9f144c92",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:31:04.691Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:24.852Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f0ac1d07-fccd-4330-93cf-fbc985ee6fb9",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:20.209Z",
            "description": "Use host-based allowlists to prevent devices from accepting connections from unauthorized systems. For example, allowlists can be used to ensure devices can only connect with master stations or known management/engineering workstations. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--aadac250-bcdc-44e3-a4ae-f52bd0a7a16a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--efbf7888-f61b-4572-9c80-7e2965c60707",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f0c81c9f-2fb7-4e7d-98ed-c75e3be7d962",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:25.281Z",
            "description": "When the peripheral output is written to, sequence C intercepts the output and ensures it is not written to the process image output. The output is the instructions the PLC sends to a device to change its operating behavior. By intercepting the peripheral output, [Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) prevents an operator from noticing unauthorized commands sent to the peripheral. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--36e9f5bc-ac13-4da4-a2f4-01f4877d9004",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f0c8a954-c1a0-453a-9c1d-484305abdab2",
            "created": "2021-04-12T18:59:17.429Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:20.550Z",
            "description": "Filter application-layer protocol messages for remote services to block any unauthorized activity.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--11f242bc-3121-438c-84b2-5cbd46a4bb17",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e1f9cdd2-9511-4fca-90d7-f3e92cfdd0bf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f0d4d23c-2c8c-4731-9b81-7c86fed25b5d",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:45:34.258Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:25.709Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--f8df6b57-14bc-425f-9a91-6f59f6799307",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f10611e9-4812-4780-a1d5-0ad537dd95fb",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:23:01.421Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:25.902Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f130282b-f681-455f-966b-55829842be92",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Langer Stuxnet",
                    "description": "Ralph Langner. (2013, November). To Kill a Centrifuge: A Technical Analysis of What Stuxnet's Creators Tried to Achieve. Retrieved December 7, 2020.",
                    "url": "https://www.langner.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/to-kill-a-centrifuge.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:26.105Z",
            "description": "One of [Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603)'s rootkits is contained entirely in the fake s7otbxdx.dll. In order to continue existing undetected on the PLC it needs to account for at least the following situations: read requests for its own malicious code blocks, read requests for infected blocks (OB1, OB35, DP_RECV), and write requests that could overwrite Stuxnets own code. Stuxnet contains code to monitor and intercept these types of requests. The rootkit modifies these requests so that Stuxnets PLC code is not discovered or damaged. (Citation: Langer Stuxnet)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f13dac1a-090b-40c6-9093-eb4abe0deba8",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:24:22.815Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:26.315Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8d2f3bab-507c-4424-b58b-edc977bd215c",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f14d1558-79b9-4fe4-8329-d26b19ef4ef8",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--3ea60ac7-87a3-4033-9089-258941d8388a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--8e7089d3-fba2-44f8-94a8-9a79c53920c4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f15f24d2-e581-46ce-83e4-a924f572aae6",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Department of Homeland Security September 2016",
                    "description": "Department of Homeland Security 2016, September Retrieved. 2020/09/25 ",
                    "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:21.363Z",
            "description": "Segment operational network and systems to restrict access to critical system functions to predetermined management systems. (Citation: Department of Homeland Security September 2016)\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f19c34b2-ef3a-4581-b604-6639f501e32f",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:20:32.163Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:26.944Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f1edb034-6dc6-4d6c-8f75-e2cd12213704",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:07:38.219Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:27.174Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b52870cc-83f3-473c-b895-72d91751030b",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f20d8eed-b517-4297-b32a-9a5e0845de9f",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:21.745Z",
            "description": "All devices or systems changes, including all administrative functions, should require authentication. Consider using access management technologies to enforce authorization on all management interface access attempts, especially when the device does not inherently provide strong authentication and authorization functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--3992ce42-43e9-4bea-b8db-a102ec3ec1e3",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e5de767e-f513-41cd-aa15-33f6ce5fbf92",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f25c2744-e08f-4ea2-83c3-46a517ba4f4d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:09:04.156Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:09:04.156Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ea0c980c-5cf0-43a7-a049-59c4c207566e",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f29ecf69-1753-44bb-9b80-1025f49cadda",
            "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011",
                    "description": "Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien 2011, February W32.Stuxnet Dossier (Version 1.4) Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/security-response-w32-stuxnet-dossier-11-en"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:27.580Z",
            "description": "DP_RECV is the name of a standard function block used by network coprocessors. It is used to receive network frames on the Profibus  a standard industrial network bus used for distributed I/O. The original block is copied to FC1869, and then replaced by a malicious block. Each time the function is used to receive a packet, the malicious [Stuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0603) block takes control: it will call the original DP_RECV in FC1869 and then perform postprocessing on the packet data. The replaced DP_RECV block (later on referred to as the DP_RECV monitor) is meant to monitor data sent by the frequency converter drives to the 315-2 CPU via CP 342-5 Profibus communication modules. (Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--088f1d6e-0783-47c6-9923-9c79b2af43d4",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--38213338-1aab-479d-949b-c81b66ccca5c",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f347b4fe-d829-427d-851a-fff3393441db",
            "created": "2021-04-12T07:57:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik August 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, August 15 CRASHOVERRIDE: Reassessing the 2016 Ukraine Electric Power Event as a Protection-Focused Attack Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:28.180Z",
            "description": "[Industroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0604) contained a module which leveraged a vulnerability in the Siemens SIPROTEC relays (CVE-2015-5374) to create a Denial of Service against automated protective relays. (Citation: Joe Slowik August 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--e401d4fe-f0c9-44f0-98e6-f93487678808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2bb4d762-bf4a-4bc3-9318-15cc6a354163",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f353e8ec-0766-4fbd-86b7-9ea06b52958b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:23:51.038Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:28.414Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f40cc6f5-111c-418f-aa84-50d920fa6c48",
            "created": "2021-04-13T12:08:26.506Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:22.639Z",
            "description": "Develop a robust cyber threat intelligence capability to determine what types and levels of threat may use software exploits and 0-days against a particular organization.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--d48b79b2-076d-483e-949c-0d38aa347499",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cfe68e93-ce94-4c0f-a57d-3aa72cedd618",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f448969e-217d-4946-bede-6c85dc1b123f",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:48:41.376Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:48:41.376Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fab8fc7d-f27f-4fbb-9de6-44740aade05f",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f45c2df8-30e7-45d0-8067-7b2870767574",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:29.025Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3067b85e-271e-4bc5-81ad-ab1a81d411e3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f497fd3e-8f05-4db2-97cc-48a8d35a8827",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:22.962Z",
            "description": "Develop and publish policies that define acceptable information to be stored in repositories.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--dc61c280-c29d-44e5-a960-c0dd1623d2ba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--3405891b-16aa-4bd7-bd7c-733501f9b20f",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f4afb180-4b30-4ed1-b094-3d74d8fd0cf1",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:49:56.464Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:29.445Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--1c478716-71d9-46a4-9a53-fa5d576adb60",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f4cae3bb-a699-43a6-9dae-fd3acac9551e",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:19:38.546Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:19:38.546Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--ab390887-afc0-4715-826d-b1b167d522ae",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f531e763-3550-40ba-a6a1-81e208ca12c6",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:41:06.217Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:29.887Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f5621ad9-c905-42e3-b59b-e0ae7b9051c7",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:26:23.361Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.071Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f584a257-c22a-434b-aa2d-6220987821ab",
            "created": "2021-10-13T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Jos Wetzels January 2018",
                    "description": "Jos Wetzels 2018, January 16 Analyzing the TRITON industrial malware Retrieved. 2019/10/22 ",
                    "url": "https://www.midnightbluelabs.com/blog/2018/1/16/analyzing-the-triton-industrial-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.281Z",
            "description": "[Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) can communicate with the implant utilizing the TriStation 'get main processor diagnostic data' command and looks for a specifically crafted packet body from which it extracts a command value and its arguments. (Citation: Jos Wetzels January 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--80099a91-4c86-4bea-9ccb-dac55d61960e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e076cca8-2f08-45c9-aff7-ea5ac798b387",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f5c91d82-5f7c-4e40-a85a-4f1909ae5545",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:44:50.280Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.485Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--85a45294-08f1-4539-bf00-7da08aa7b0ee",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f5c9f641-a498-46b5-9068-39502db53cfd",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:10:55.590Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.721Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8535b71e-3c12-4258-a4ab-40257a1becc4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f61944a4-fef5-4989-bc3d-68f86e65d7d4",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:04:55.720Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:30.913Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f61e474c-d7be-411e-a30e-0a1ef872fe51",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:05:20.132Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:31.104Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--8bb4538f-f16f-49f0-a431-70b5444c7349",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--0804f037-a3b9-4715-98e1-9f73d19d6945",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f6320c84-adfe-4a26-b33c-2b29ebd1337f",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--c4777f1a-1481-4e8a-a3f4-0da57418c808",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--2bb4d762-bf4a-4bc3-9318-15cc6a354163",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f65a8ce8-90fa-4d92-a0dc-3ee544c541fe",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos",
                    "description": "Dragos   Chrysene Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/resource/chrysene/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:31.308Z",
            "description": "[OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049) utilized stolen credentials to gain access to victim machines.(Citation: Dragos)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f65fa052-5ad0-4fc3-b579-ee33d1225659",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:55:58.229Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:31.516Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--09a61657-46e1-439e-b3ed-3e4556a78243",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f691dde5-bb2d-411b-a381-b33e0ab673d6",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:12:09.661Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:31.952Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--1769c499-55e5-462f-bab2-c39b8cd5ae32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f6bc7a24-c3e5-465c-ad71-52087cbff920",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:12:16.231Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:12:16.231Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f6ff74c2-d088-4252-a8e0-189574863765",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:32.168Z",
            "description": "Communication authenticity will ensure that any messages tampered with through AiTM can be detected, but cannot prevent eavesdropping on these. In addition, providing communication authenticity around various discovery protocols, such as DNS, can be used to prevent various AiTM procedures.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--c7257b6e-4159-4771-b1f3-2bb93adaecac",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--9a505987-ab05-4f46-a9a6-6441442eec3b",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f703f8b2-b6b9-41f3-a551-6bb3647c45cc",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:24.604Z",
            "description": "Use file system access controls to protect system and application folders.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--f9fcb3ec-6de0-4559-8cd9-ef1c0c7d1971",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ba203963-3182-41ac-af14-7e7ebc83cd61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f7215c1f-7bd7-41bd-8466-76caac225c7c",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:45:42.977Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:32.577Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--b14395bd-5419-4ef4-9bd8-696936f509bb",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--69d1b1ef-e918-4cfd-9a98-29debd04cb32",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f72a7a30-bab4-445b-b226-d5c3cd1a5846",
            "created": "2023-09-29T18:47:39.450Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:32.808Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--c5e3cdbc-0387-4be9-8f83-ff5c0865f377",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--f1315d02-9118-4e3b-8cdf-4c2d3f77ce41",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f79d44ae-f971-484a-973b-e0cab972681d",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:52:32.636Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:52:32.636Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2aa406ed-81c3-4c1d-ba83-cfbee5a2847a",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--85f285f9-0a48-4998-921d-8a47d81c0e6d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f7bdbc1f-d08c-48a0-a474-a79b91526138",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:31:31.498Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:32.996Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f7c5bd1b-c596-41b2-b415-2bf5179667df",
            "created": "2023-09-27T14:58:21.360Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Booz Allen Hamilton",
                    "description": "Booz Allen Hamilton. (2016). When The Lights Went Out. Retrieved December 18, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/2016/09/ukraine-report-when-the-lights-went-out.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "source_name": "Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603",
                    "description": "Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center; SANS Industrial Control Systems. (2016, March 18). Analysis of the Cyber Attack on the Ukranian Power Grid: Defense Use Case. Retrieved March 27, 2018.",
                    "url": "https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/3891751/SANS-and-Electricity-Information-Sharing-and.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:33.197Z",
            "description": "During the [2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0028), [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) opened the breakers at the infected sites, shutting the power off for thousands of businesses and households for around 6 hours. (Citation: Ukraine15 - EISAC - 201603)(Citation: Booz Allen Hamilton)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--46421788-b6e1-4256-b351-f8beffd1afba",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f7c641d2-3528-4b4a-9612-85827eb0fff8",
            "created": "2024-11-20T23:29:22.542Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024",
                    "description": "Mark Graham, Carolyn Ahlers, Kyle O'Meara; Dragos. (2024, July). Impact of FrostyGoop ICS Malware on Connected OT Systems. Retrieved November 20, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Reports/Dragos-FrostyGoop-ICS-Malware-Intel-Brief-0724_r2.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:33.423Z",
            "description": "During [FrostyGoop Incident](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0041), the adversary modified victim control system parameters resulting in the loss of heating services to impacted district heating customers.(Citation: Dragos FROSTYGOOP 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--1169ff24-b35f-4d8d-8cf3-643a2834227f",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b5b9bacb-97f2-4249-b804-47fd44de1f95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f7d672f6-993b-4036-961d-f6e22e94446c",
            "created": "2024-04-09T20:48:30.734Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:33.625Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fa3aa267-da22-4bdd-961f-03223322a8d5",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--14932ed5-1098-4cc1-9f57-159ab7366787",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f8318ac4-8ed0-478d-be87-faa2c9d8a740",
            "created": "2018-10-17T00:14:20.652Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Eduard Kovacs May 2018",
                    "description": "Eduard Kovacs 2018, May 21 Group linked to Shamoon attacks targeting ICS networks in Middle East and UK Retrieved September 12, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220120001230/https://www.cyberviser.com/2018/05/group-linked-to-shamoon-attacks-targeting-ics-networks-in-middle-east-and-uk/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:33.846Z",
            "description": "[OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049) has been seen utilizing watering hole attacks to collect credentials which could be used to gain access into ICS networks. (Citation: Eduard Kovacs May 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f8456c9b-a4a5-4f13-94e3-54c787b21089",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:16:40.519Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:34.045Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f862418a-e7b4-4783-8949-7145f3dee665",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:25.818Z",
            "description": "Authenticate connections from software and devices to prevent unauthorized systems from accessing protected management functions.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--72e46e53-e12d-4106-9c70-33241b6ed549",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--25dfc8ad-bd73-4dfd-84a9-3c3d383f76e9",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f86bde61-c4ec-4d40-9768-32e9b52c1702",
            "created": "2023-03-22T15:52:30.607Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "PLCTop20 Mar 2023",
                    "description": "PLC Security, Top 20 Community. (2021, June 15). Secure PLC Coding Practices: Top 20 version 1.0. Retrieved March 22, 2023.",
                    "url": "https://plc-security.com/content/Top_20_Secure_PLC_Coding_Practices_V1.0.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:34.484Z",
            "description": "Devices and programs should validate the content of any remote parameter changes, including those from HMIs, control servers, or engineering workstations.(Citation: PLCTop20 Mar 2023)",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1cbcceef-3233-4062-aa86-ec91afe39517",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--097924ce-a9a9-4039-8591-e0deedfb8722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f9164f95-51d4-4b6c-92d8-0cafe4b97e6c",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:13:30.126Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:13:30.126Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f92764db-a880-4726-9d28-a035170f790c",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:22:35.236Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:34.905Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f951d934-d555-45e9-a564-27b84518cae4",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:26.405Z",
            "description": "Unauthorized connections can be prevented by statically defining the hosts and ports used for automation protocol connections.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--52c7a1a9-3a78-4528-a44f-cd7b0fa3541a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--008b8f56-6107-48be-aa9f-746f927dbb61",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f9907fb1-976b-4f51-ac13-b45f2ff9452b",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:48:37.072Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:35.518Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f9aa3364-a1eb-4776-ae03-c39b250545a0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:26.857Z",
            "description": "Review the integrity of project files to verify they have not been modified by adversary behavior. Verify a cryptographic hash for the file with a known trusted version, or look for other indicators of modification (e.g., timestamps).\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--bcf91ebc-f316-4e19-b2f6-444e9940c697",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f9c29dd4-1c5e-4f7e-b60a-862319a6d0a0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:27.082Z",
            "description": "Allow for code signing of any project files stored at rest to prevent unauthorized tampering. Ensure the signing keys are not easily accessible on the same system.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--71eb7dad-07eb-4bbc-9df0-ac57bf2fba4a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--e72425f8-9ae6-41d3-bfdb-e1b865e60722",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--f9e33311-f162-4ebd-b944-8704f6dc0fd4",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--ab3f0926-58e2-485e-987c-66b541d9de97",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fa1bde35-63d9-4c5c-969b-2c17c29089fa",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:36.158Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support [Account Use Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0936), [Password Policies](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0927), and [User Account Management](https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918).",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--be69c571-d746-4b1f-bdd0-c0c9817e9068",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--faa5ba6b-bbc4-47ab-a737-6dc1d8b31efd",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--7f41ed29-fdc6-4c28-ba10-9de1aa129f7e",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fac4bc88-af9b-4eec-b041-e4138b49c3c0",
            "created": "2023-09-29T16:28:04.180Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:36.593Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--973bc51e-c41e-4cec-ac03-9389c71f3d0d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fad25140-73de-40d5-a010-3464188db973",
            "created": "2023-09-25T20:51:07.162Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:36.807Z",
            "description": "All field controllers should require users to authenticate for all remote or local management sessions. The authentication mechanisms should also support Account Use Policies, Password Policies, and\u00a0User Account Management.",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--66cfe23e-34b6-4583-b178-ed6a412db2b0",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fadbdca3-3c98-497c-a156-e53b89664359",
            "created": "2023-09-28T20:16:55.038Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:37.012Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--75f810ad-b678-4c57-b93b-fdc79bba0c04",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--faf163b6-4e35-43d6-9c0c-83d91d215854",
            "created": "2024-09-11T22:57:39.900Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Claroty Fuxnet 2024",
                    "description": "Team82. (2024, April 12). Unpacking the Blackjack Group's Fuxnet Malware. Retrieved September 11, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://claroty.com/team82/research/unpacking-the-blackjack-groups-fuxnet-malware"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:37.227Z",
            "description": "[Fuxnet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1157) physically destroyed NAND memory chips on impacted devices through repeated bit-flip operations.(Citation: Claroty Fuxnet 2024)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--931e2489-8078-4f9f-85b2-a9211950e75b",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--493832d9-cea6-4b63-abe7-9a65a6473675",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fb4ee993-feb0-414f-b724-6ba392b1e560",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:10:44.136Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:10:44.136Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fc189fa0-1235-46ac-a802-f226dc0ec4e1",
            "created": "2023-09-29T17:38:28.664Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:37.622Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d67adac8-e3b9-44f9-9e6d-6c2a7d69dbe4",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--68388d4f-8138-420b-be2b-5a7dfe9ff6b4",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fc3a187f-7437-413f-bea4-14936ce86512",
            "created": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-10-21T15:10:28.402Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "detects",
            "source_ref": "x-mitre-detection-strategy--87493fa2-bb78-4e28-b882-d79eecd10740",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--b0628bfc-5376-4a38-9182-f324501cb4cf",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fc4803cb-d6bf-4674-bf40-d4b0997824ba",
            "created": "2018-04-18T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Eduard Kovacs May 2018",
                    "description": "Eduard Kovacs 2018, May 21 Group linked to Shamoon attacks targeting ICS networks in Middle East and UK Retrieved September 12, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220120001230/https://www.cyberviser.com/2018/05/group-linked-to-shamoon-attacks-targeting-ics-networks-in-middle-east-and-uk/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:38.310Z",
            "description": "[ALLANITE](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1000) leverages watering hole attacks to gain access into electric utilities. (Citation: Eduard Kovacs May 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "intrusion-set--190242d7-73fc-4738-af68-20162f7a5aae",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fc508fcc-6f19-44da-bbc0-de6aaa627d04",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:16:18.456Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:16:18.456Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--cd2c76a4-5e23-4ca5-9c40-d5e0604f7101",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fcb7733f-553d-43de-a8c6-c85a5cd65041",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:28.553Z",
            "description": "Segment externally facing servers and services from the rest of the network with a DMZ or on separate hosting infrastructure.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--1e7ccfc0-94c8-496e-8d27-032120892291",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--32632a95-6856-47b9-9ab7-fea5cd7dce00",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fcba6a58-72b0-4d54-a887-740624e22f6f",
            "created": "2024-03-26T15:42:36.840Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:38.920Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--3a95f7e4-4877-4967-b2e8-e287976c3e64",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fcd3fdbf-4909-48ab-85c4-ce4b34172eb0",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:28.863Z",
            "description": "Restrict browsers to limit the capabilities of malicious ads and Javascript.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--143b4398-3222-480a-b6a4-e131bc2d3144",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--7830cfcf-b268-4ac0-a69e-73c6affbae9a",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fcd7c2bf-638e-409f-bc36-fff28c3cc68f",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:03:28.185Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:03:28.185Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2883c520-7957-46ca-89bd-dab1ad53b601",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fd1bde9f-b2a5-48e2-ac92-cb6097040a71",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:04:32.387Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:04:32.387Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3b6b9246-43f8-4c69-ad7a-2b11cfe0a0d9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb553fda-8355-40bc-87c6-5ae25124fa95",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fd1f3d4e-825f-4b25-aaf7-c82823ccf341",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:22:03.083Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:22:03.083Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--d5a69cfb-fc2a-46cb-99eb-74b236db5061",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fd309395-8fcc-402c-9227-90ac897fd602",
            "created": "2024-03-26T15:41:39.905Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:39.554Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--77d9c726-b53e-481d-8bcc-1068aebfbb9d",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fd3bc308-82cd-49c9-a41e-9b19ce04b3cd",
            "created": "2023-10-02T20:23:41.227Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:39.770Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--5e0f75da-e108-4688-a6de-a4f07cc2cbe3",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--2b676abd-8263-49ea-81a4-78a7e1f776fe",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fd7247a4-b299-4948-a3b0-9b43f4f41ae0",
            "created": "2024-03-28T14:29:46.095Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "FireEye TRITON 2018",
                    "description": "Miller, S. Reese, E. (2018, June 7). A Totally Tubular Treatise on TRITON and TriStation. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
                    "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200618231942/https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/06/totally-tubular-treatise-on-triton-and-tristation.html"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:39.957Z",
            "description": "In the [Triton Safety Instrumented System Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0030), [TEMP.Veles](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0088) leveraged [Triton](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1009) to send unauthorized command messages to the Triconex safety controllers.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2018)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "campaign--45a98f02-852f-49b2-94c0-c63207bebbbf",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--40b300ba-f553-48bf-862e-9471b220d455",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fdc20415-c9a1-405e-80af-3d297894e8fa",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:58:30.849Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:40.401Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--25852363-5968-4673-b81d-341d5ed90bd1",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fe22f626-ddf3-4d5e-97d1-058878d7830f",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:10:39.025Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:40.807Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--e6c31185-8040-4267-83d3-b217b8a92f07",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--ecb81a8b-022e-4529-a404-55cffca7d3a3",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fe265dd7-2c1a-4c75-8aa8-12d0c82c7926",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:26:59.998Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:41.023Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--fe3bd9f0-2cdb-420d-88fa-352125bd7f28",
            "created": "2025-09-24T18:22:16.837Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-24T18:22:16.837Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--2fedbe69-581f-447d-8a78-32ee7db939a9",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--bb141168-ae41-4974-8ece-dc9b63e59237",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--feb32f07-00f0-404f-920d-8891be40b655",
            "created": "2025-09-29T19:08:19.567Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-09-29T19:08:19.567Z",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--459e4335-74e1-4136-b730-0f116f0d541d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.3.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ff021e27-63be-41f4-bc4d-2ce75d8a3ecb",
            "created": "2023-09-28T19:56:26.241Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:41.267Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--fc5fda7e-6b2c-4457-b036-759896a2efa2",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--986c455b-0f43-42b6-8360-33ac48bd9990",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ff107632-751b-4efb-86bd-af670b48d35d",
            "created": "2023-09-28T21:21:30.387Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:41.468Z",
            "description": "",
            "relationship_type": "targets",
            "source_ref": "attack-pattern--3de230d4-3e42-4041-b089-17e1128feded",
            "target_ref": "x-mitre-asset--e2c3336a-dd93-44d6-8246-f93cf132c499",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ff3f0668-98df-44c1-88c2-711f05720eb8",
            "created": "2020-09-21T17:59:24.739Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-28T15:27:30.239Z",
            "description": "Restrict configurations changes and firmware updating abilities to only authorized individuals.\n",
            "relationship_type": "mitigates",
            "source_ref": "course-of-action--e0d38502-decb-481d-ad8b-b8f0a0c330bd",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--19a71d1e-6334-4233-8260-b749cae37953",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "type": "relationship",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "relationship--ffc5bbce-8d9c-4276-9dc6-efed5c01af8b",
            "created": "2017-05-31T21:33:27.074Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "revoked": false,
            "external_references": [
                {
                    "source_name": "Joe Slowik April 2019",
                    "description": "Joe Slowik 2019, April 10 Implications of IT Ransomware for ICS Environments Retrieved. 2019/10/27 ",
                    "url": "https://dragos.com/blog/industry-news/implications-of-it-ransomware-for-ics-environments/"
                }
            ],
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "modified": "2025-04-16T23:05:41.879Z",
            "description": "[Bad Rabbit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0606) can move laterally through industrial networks by means of the SMB service. (Citation: Joe Slowik April 2019)",
            "relationship_type": "uses",
            "source_ref": "malware--2eaa5319-5e1e-4dd7-bbc4-566fced3964a",
            "target_ref": "attack-pattern--ead7bd34-186e-4c79-9a4d-b65bcce6ed9d",
            "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "modified": "2025-03-19T15:00:40.855Z",
            "name": "The MITRE Corporation",
            "description": "",
            "identity_class": "organization",
            "type": "identity",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "id": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "created": "2017-06-01T00:00:00.000Z",
            "object_marking_refs": [
                "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
            ],
            "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0"
        },
        {
            "definition": {
                "statement": "Copyright 2015-2025, The MITRE Corporation. MITRE ATT&CK and ATT&CK are registered trademarks of The MITRE Corporation."
            },
            "id": "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168",
            "type": "marking-definition",
            "spec_version": "2.1",
            "created": "2017-06-01T00:00:00.000Z",
            "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
            "definition_type": "statement"
        }
    ]
}