Automatic translation of UCSC chromosome bands to OWL classes Monochrom Ontology 2024-08-06 If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then it also holds that R -> P o Q. Note that this cannot be expressed directly in OWL is a defining property chain axiom If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R. is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive An alternative label for a class or property which has a more general meaning than the preferred name/primary label. https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/18 has broad synonym has_broad_synonym https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/18 is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a part and its whole Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/ Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'. part_of BFO:0000050 external part_of part_of part of part of http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of https://wiki.geneontology.org/Part_of has part my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) this year has part this day (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a whole and its part Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/ Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'. has_part BFO:0000051 external has_part has_part has part has part preceded by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. is preceded by preceded_by http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by preceded by precedes x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. precedes inheres in this fragility is a characteristic of this vase this red color is a characteristic of this apple a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence. inheres_in Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing. characteristic of bearer of this apple is bearer of this red color this vase is bearer of this fragility Inverse of characteristic_of A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. bearer_of is bearer of has characteristic participates in this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation this input material (or this output material) participates in this process this investigator participates in this investigation a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process participates_in participates in has participant this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot this investigation has participant this investigator this process has participant this input material (or this output material) a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time. has_participant http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has participant this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. function_of is function of This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. function of this red color is a quality of this apple a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists. is quality of quality_of This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. quality of this investigator role is a role of this person a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. is role of role_of This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. role of this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. has_function has function this apple has quality this red color a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. has_quality has quality this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. has_role has role a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence has disposition inverse of has disposition This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. disposition of A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B. 2017-05-24T09:30:46Z has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B. 2017-05-24T09:31:01Z By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function. Internal regulatory functions are treated as components. For example, NMDA glutmate receptor activity is a cation channel activity with positive regulatory component 'glutamate binding' and negative regulatory components including 'zinc binding' and 'magnesium binding'. has negative regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B. 2017-05-24T09:31:17Z By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function and internal regulatory functions are treated as components. So, for example calmodulin has a protein binding activity that has positive regulatory component activity calcium binding activity. Receptor tyrosine kinase activity is a tyrosine kinase activity that has positive regulatory component 'ligand binding'. has positive regulatory component activity 2017-05-24T09:44:33Z A 'has component activity' B if A is A and B are molecular functions (GO_0003674) and A has_component B. has component activity w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. 2017-05-24T09:49:21Z has component process 2017-09-17T13:52:24Z Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2. directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2. Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1. 2017-09-17T13:52:38Z directly negatively regulated by Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1. Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1. 2017-09-17T13:52:47Z directly positively regulated by Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1. A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity. 2017-09-22T14:14:36Z This relation is designed for constructing compound molecular functions, typically in combination with one or more regulatory component activity relations. has effector activity A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity. David Osumi-Sutherland X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) ends after David Osumi-Sutherland starts_at_end_of X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately preceded by David Osumi-Sutherland ends_at_start_of meets X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately precedes x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y) overlaps true x is in taxon y if an only if y is an organism, and the relationship between x and y is one of: part of (reflexive), developmentally preceded by, derives from, secreted by, expressed. Connects a biological entity to its taxon of origin. in taxon w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. The definition of 'has component' is still under discussion. The challenge is in providing a definition that does not imply transitivity. For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint, because OWL does not permit cardinality constraints to be used in combination with transitive object properties. In situations where you would want to say something like 'has part exactly 5 digit, you would instead use has_component exactly 5 digit. has component x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y This is the transitive form of the develops from relation develops from inverse of develops from develops into p regulates q iff p is causally upstream of q, the execution of p is not constant and varies according to specific conditions, and p influences the rate or magnitude of execution of q due to an effect either on some enabler of q or some enabler of a part of q. GO Regulation precludes parthood; the regulatory process may not be within the regulated process. regulates (processual) false regulates p negatively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p decreases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. negatively regulates (process to process) negatively regulates p positively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p increases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. positively regulates (process to process) positively regulates mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974) osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption' A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. has function realized in For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)". capable of c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. has function in capable of part of true Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1 A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. temporally related to p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. consumes has input https://wiki.geneontology.org/Has_input Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 3; Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 4 [Kardong] x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y has developmental contribution from inverse of has developmental contribution from developmentally contributes to Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p false In general you should not use this relation to make assertions - use one of the more specific relations below this one This relation groups together various other developmental relations. It is fairly generic, encompassing induction, developmental contribution and direct and transitive develops from developmentally preceded by A faulty traffic light (material entity) whose malfunctioning (a process) is causally upstream of a traffic collision (a process): the traffic light acts upstream of the collision. c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes. acts upstream of A gene product that has some activity, where that activity may be a part of a pathway or upstream of the pathway. c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process. affects acts upstream of or within https://wiki.geneontology.org/Acts_upstream_of_or_within Inverse of developmentally preceded by developmentally succeeded by p is causally upstream of, positive effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p is required for the execution of q. holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x increases the frequency, rate or extent of y causally upstream of, positive effect p is causally upstream of, negative effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p decreases the execution of q. causally upstream of, negative effect q characteristic of part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of characteristic of part of inheres in part of characteristic of part of true A relationship that holds via some environmental process Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving the process of evolution. evolutionarily related to A mereological relationship or a topological relationship Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships mereotopologically related to A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502) Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving organismal development developmentally related to a particular instances of akt-2 enables some instance of protein kinase activity c enables p iff c is capable of p and c acts to execute p. catalyzes executes has is catalyzing is executing This relation differs from the parent relation 'capable of' in that the parent is weaker and only expresses a capability that may not be actually realized, whereas this relation is always realized. enables https://wiki.geneontology.org/Enables A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities. This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function functionally related to this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p. false part of structure that is capable of true c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p actively involved in enables part of involved in https://wiki.geneontology.org/Involved_in inverse of enables enabled by https://wiki.geneontology.org/Enabled_by inverse of regulates regulated by (processual) regulated by inverse of negatively regulates negatively regulated by inverse of positively regulates positively regulated by inverse of has input input of x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction). has developmental potential involving x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y has potential to developmentally contribute to x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y has potential to develop into x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y has potential to directly develop into inverse of upstream of causally downstream of immediately causally downstream of p indirectly positively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p positively regulates q. indirectly activates indirectly positively regulates https://wiki.geneontology.org/Indirectly_positively_regulates p indirectly negatively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p negatively regulates q. indirectly inhibits indirectly negatively regulates https://wiki.geneontology.org/Indirectly_negatively_regulates relation that links two events, processes, states, or objects such that one event, process, state, or object (a cause) contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an effect) where the cause is partly or wholly responsible for the effect, and the effect is partly or wholly dependent on the cause. This branch of the ontology deals with causal relations between entities. It is divided into two branches: causal relations between occurrents/processes, and causal relations between material entities. We take an 'activity flow-centric approach', with the former as primary, and define causal relations between material entities in terms of causal relations between occurrents. To define causal relations in an activity-flow type network, we make use of 3 primitives: * Temporal: how do the intervals of the two occurrents relate? * Is the causal relation regulatory? * Is the influence positive or negative? The first of these can be formalized in terms of the Allen Interval Algebra. Informally, the 3 bins we care about are 'direct', 'indirect' or overlapping. Note that all causal relations should be classified under a RO temporal relation (see the branch under 'temporally related to'). Note that all causal relations are temporal, but not all temporal relations are causal. Two occurrents can be related in time without being causally connected. We take causal influence to be primitive, elucidated as being such that has the upstream changed, some qualities of the donwstream would necessarily be modified. For the second, we consider a relationship to be regulatory if the system in which the activities occur is capable of altering the relationship to achieve some objective. This could include changing the rate of production of a molecule. For the third, we consider the effect of the upstream process on the output(s) of the downstream process. If the level of output is increased, or the rate of production of the output is increased, then the direction is increased. Direction can be positive, negative or neutral or capable of either direction. Two positives in succession yield a positive, two negatives in succession yield a positive, otherwise the default assumption is that the net effect is canceled and the influence is neutral. Each of these 3 primitives can be composed to yield a cross-product of different relation types. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causally related to relation that links two events, processes, states, or objects such that one event, process, state, or object (a cause) contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an effect) where the cause is partly or wholly responsible for the effect, and the effect is partly or wholly dependent on the cause. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality p is causally upstream of q iff p is causally related to q, the end of p precedes the end of q, and p is not an occurrent part of q. causally upstream of p is immediately causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q, and the end of p is coincident with the beginning of q. immediately causally upstream of p is 'causally upstream or within' q iff p is causally related to q, and the end of p precedes, or is coincident with, the end of q. We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2 influences (processual) affects causally upstream of or within inverse of causally upstream of or within causally downstream of or within c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p involved in positive regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p involved in negative regulation of c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p OWL does not allow defining object properties via a Union involved in or reguates involved in or involved in regulation of A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected. This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact. Considering relabeling as 'pairwise interacts with' Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules. in pairwise interaction with interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/interaction-relations/ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0914 An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other. binds molecularly binds with molecularly interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0915 Axiomatization to GO to be added later An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y. phosphorylates The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B. A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B. molecularly controls directly regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B. directly inhibits molecularly decreases activity of directly negatively regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B. directly activates molecularly increases activity of directly positively regulates activity of This property or its subproperties is not to be used directly. These properties exist as helper properties that are used to support OWL reasoning. helper property (not for use in curation) is kinase activity A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process causal agent in process p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one where the execution of p influences the execution of q. p may be upstream, downstream, part of, or a container of q. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causal relation between processes depends on The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causal relation between entities causally influenced by (entity-centric) causally influenced by interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/interaction-relations/ molecular interaction relation helper property The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size). causally influences (entity-centric) causally influences p directly regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q and p regulates q. directly regulates (processual) directly regulates gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell' s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p has part structure that is capable of A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causal relation between material entity and a process pyrethroid -> growth Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p. capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p. capable of negatively regulating renin -> arteriolar smooth muscle contraction Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p. capable of positively regulating Inverse of 'causal agent in process' process has causal agent p directly positively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p positively regulates q. directly positively regulates (process to process) directly positively regulates https://wiki.geneontology.org/Directly_positively_regulates p directly negatively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p negatively regulates q. directly negatively regulates (process to process) directly negatively regulates https://wiki.geneontology.org/Directly_negatively_regulates Holds between an entity and an process P where the entity enables some larger compound process, and that larger process has-part P. 2018-01-25T23:20:13Z enables subfunction 2018-01-26T23:49:30Z acts upstream of or within, positive effect https://wiki.geneontology.org/Acts_upstream_of_or_within,_positive_effect 2018-01-26T23:49:51Z acts upstream of or within, negative effect https://wiki.geneontology.org/Acts_upstream_of_or_within,_negative_effect c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive 2018-01-26T23:53:14Z acts upstream of, positive effect https://wiki.geneontology.org/Acts_upstream_of,_positive_effect c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative 2018-01-26T23:53:22Z acts upstream of, negative effect https://wiki.geneontology.org/Acts_upstream_of,_negative_effect 2018-03-13T23:55:05Z causally upstream of or within, negative effect https://wiki.geneontology.org/Causally_upstream_of_or_within,_negative_effect 2018-03-13T23:55:19Z causally upstream of or within, positive effect The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B. regulates activity of p is indirectly causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q and there exists some process r such that p is causally upstream of r and r is causally upstream of q. 2022-09-26T06:07:17Z indirectly causally upstream of p indirectly regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p regulates q. 2022-09-26T06:08:01Z indirectly regulates A diagnostic testing device utilizes a specimen. X device utilizes material Y means X and Y are material entities, and X is capable of some process P that has input Y. A diagnostic testing device utilizes a specimen means that the diagnostic testing device is capable of an assay, and this assay a specimen as its input. See github ticket https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/issues/497 2021-11-08T12:00:00Z utilizes device utilizes material A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in the existence of C OR affects the intensity or magnitude of C. regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) positively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in an increase in the intensity or magnitude of C. positively regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) negatively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in a decrease in the intensity or magnitude of C. negatively regulates characteristic An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. continuant An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. occurrent b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. independent continuant p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. process disposition A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. realizable realizable entity quality b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. characteristic specifically dependent continuant https://github.com/OBOFoundry/COB/issues/65 https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/pull/284 A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. role function An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. material entity 1 chromosome 1 (Mouse) 195471971 0 mm10 10 chromosome 10 (Mouse) 130694993 0 mm10 10q (Mouse) 130694993 0 mm10 10qA (Mouse) 33536828 0 mm10 10qA1 (Mouse) 12822904 0 mm10 10qA2 (Mouse) 17754791 12822904 mm10 10qA3 (Mouse) 23673055 17754791 mm10 10qA4 (Mouse) 33536828 23673055 mm10 10qB (Mouse) 74964675 33536828 mm10 10qB1 (Mouse) 41427846 33536828 mm10 10qB2 (Mouse) 48332487 41427846 mm10 10qB3 (Mouse) 56223506 48332487 mm10 10qB4 (Mouse) 64114524 56223506 mm10 10qB5 (Mouse) 74964675 64114524 mm10 10qB5.1 (Mouse) 68060034 64114524 mm10 10qB5.2 (Mouse) 68553222 68060034 mm10 10qB5.3 (Mouse) 74964675 68553222 mm10 10qC (Mouse) 99130919 74964675 mm10 10qC1 (Mouse) 89267146 74964675 mm10 10qC2 (Mouse) 96171787 89267146 mm10 10qC3 (Mouse) 99130919 96171787 mm10 10qD (Mouse) 130694993 99130919 mm10 10qD1 (Mouse) 111953824 99130919 mm10 10qD2 (Mouse) 124776729 111953824 mm10 10qD3 (Mouse) 130694993 124776729 mm10 11 chromosome 11 (Mouse) 122082543 0 mm10 11q (Mouse) 122082543 0 mm10 11qA (Mouse) 43334643 0 mm10 11qA1 (Mouse) 13046989 0 mm10 11qA2 (Mouse) 17240664 13046989 mm10 11qA3 (Mouse) 30287653 17240664 mm10 11qA3.1 (Mouse) 21900303 17240664 mm10 11qA3.2 (Mouse) 25628014 21900303 mm10 11qA3.3 (Mouse) 30287653 25628014 mm10 11qA4 (Mouse) 36345184 30287653 mm10 11qA5 (Mouse) 43334643 36345184 mm10 11qB (Mouse) 82009647 43334643 mm10 11qB1 (Mouse) 60109343 43334643 mm10 11qB1.1 (Mouse) 47994282 43334643 mm10 11qB1.2 (Mouse) 49858137 47994282 mm10 11qB1.3 (Mouse) 60109343 49858137 mm10 11qB2 (Mouse) 62905127 60109343 mm10 11qB3 (Mouse) 70826513 62905127 mm10 11qB4 (Mouse) 74088260 70826513 mm10 11qB5 (Mouse) 82009647 74088260 mm10 11qC (Mouse) 90396997 82009647 mm10 11qD (Mouse) 102512059 90396997 mm10 11qE (Mouse) 122082543 102512059 mm10 11qE1 (Mouse) 110433445 102512059 mm10 11qE2 (Mouse) 122082543 110433445 mm10 12 chromosome 12 (Mouse) 120129022 0 mm10 12q (Mouse) 120129022 0 mm10 12qA (Mouse) 39162941 0 mm10 12qA1 (Mouse) 25961949 0 mm10 12qA1.1 (Mouse) 17601321 0 mm10 12qA1.2 (Mouse) 21121586 17601321 mm10 12qA1.3 (Mouse) 25961949 21121586 mm10 12qA2 (Mouse) 31682379 25961949 mm10 12qA3 (Mouse) 39162941 31682379 mm10 12qB (Mouse) 51923899 39162941 mm10 12qB1 (Mouse) 44003304 39162941 mm10 12qB2 (Mouse) 44883370 44003304 mm10 12qB3 (Mouse) 51923899 44883370 mm10 12qC (Mouse) 80966080 51923899 mm10 12qC1 (Mouse) 66004957 51923899 mm10 12qC2 (Mouse) 71285353 66004957 mm10 12qC3 (Mouse) 80966080 71285353 mm10 12qD (Mouse) 95487171 80966080 mm10 12qD1 (Mouse) 85366411 80966080 mm10 12qD2 (Mouse) 88446642 85366411 mm10 12qD3 (Mouse) 95487171 88446642 mm10 12qE (Mouse) 106047964 95487171 mm10 12qF (Mouse) 120129022 106047964 mm10 12qF1 (Mouse) 114408592 106047964 mm10 12qF2 (Mouse) 120129022 114408592 mm10 13 chromosome 13 (Mouse) 120421639 0 mm10 13q (Mouse) 120421639 0 mm10 13qA (Mouse) 52807849 0 mm10 13qA1 (Mouse) 16286533 0 mm10 13qA2 (Mouse) 21221846 16286533 mm10 13qA3 (Mouse) 41456629 21221846 mm10 13qA3.1 (Mouse) 29611878 21221846 mm10 13qA3.2 (Mouse) 33066597 29611878 mm10 13qA3.3 (Mouse) 41456629 33066597 mm10 13qA4 (Mouse) 44417817 41456629 mm10 13qA5 (Mouse) 52807849 44417817 mm10 13qB (Mouse) 69587914 52807849 mm10 13qB1 (Mouse) 59223756 52807849 mm10 13qB2 (Mouse) 61691413 59223756 mm10 13qB3 (Mouse) 69587914 61691413 mm10 13qC (Mouse) 94758011 69587914 mm10 13qC1 (Mouse) 78471477 69587914 mm10 13qC2 (Mouse) 80939134 78471477 mm10 13qC3 (Mouse) 94758011 80939134 mm10 13qD (Mouse) 120421639 94758011 mm10 13qD1 (Mouse) 106602762 94758011 mm10 13qD2 (Mouse) 120421639 106602762 mm10 13qD2.1 (Mouse) 110551012 106602762 mm10 13qD2.2 (Mouse) 116473388 110551012 mm10 13qD2.3 (Mouse) 120421639 116473388 mm10 14 chromosome 14 (Mouse) 124902244 0 mm10 14q (Mouse) 124902244 0 mm10 14qA (Mouse) 29976538 0 mm10 14qA1 (Mouse) 14988269 0 mm10 14qA2 (Mouse) 19484750 14988269 mm10 14qA3 (Mouse) 29976538 19484750 mm10 14qB (Mouse) 43465980 29976538 mm10 14qC (Mouse) 59953077 43465980 mm10 14qC1 (Mouse) 51959333 43465980 mm10 14qC2 (Mouse) 54956987 51959333 mm10 14qC3 (Mouse) 59953077 54956987 mm10 14qD (Mouse) 84933525 59953077 mm10 14qD1 (Mouse) 68946038 59953077 mm10 14qD2 (Mouse) 72942910 68946038 mm10 14qD3 (Mouse) 84933525 72942910 mm10 14qE (Mouse) 124902244 84933525 mm10 14qE1 (Mouse) 88930397 84933525 mm10 14qE2 (Mouse) 107415929 88930397 mm10 14qE2.1 (Mouse) 98922577 88930397 mm10 14qE2.2 (Mouse) 99921795 98922577 mm10 14qE2.3 (Mouse) 107415929 99921795 mm10 14qE3 (Mouse) 110913192 107415929 mm10 14qE4 (Mouse) 120905372 110913192 mm10 14qE5 (Mouse) 124902244 120905372 mm10 15 chromosome 15 (Mouse) 104043685 0 mm10 15q (Mouse) 104043685 0 mm10 15qA (Mouse) 24292137 0 mm10 15qA1 (Mouse) 16500320 0 mm10 15qA2 (Mouse) 24292137 16500320 mm10 15qB (Mouse) 49959302 24292137 mm10 15qB1 (Mouse) 29792244 24292137 mm10 15qB2 (Mouse) 32083955 29792244 mm10 15qB3 (Mouse) 49959302 32083955 mm10 15qB3.1 (Mouse) 43084169 32083955 mm10 15qB3.2 (Mouse) 44917538 43084169 mm10 15qB3.3 (Mouse) 49959302 44917538 mm10 15qC (Mouse) 53626040 49959302 mm10 15qD (Mouse) 77459835 53626040 mm10 15qD1 (Mouse) 66459622 53626040 mm10 15qD2 (Mouse) 68751333 66459622 mm10 15qD3 (Mouse) 77459835 68751333 mm10 15qE (Mouse) 95793524 77459835 mm10 15qE1 (Mouse) 83876627 77459835 mm10 15qE2 (Mouse) 87085022 83876627 mm10 15qE3 (Mouse) 95793524 87085022 mm10 15qF (Mouse) 104043685 95793524 mm10 15qF1 (Mouse) 101293631 95793524 mm10 15qF2 (Mouse) 102210316 101293631 mm10 15qF3 (Mouse) 104043685 102210316 mm10 16 chromosome 16 (Mouse) 98207768 0 mm10 16q (Mouse) 98207768 0 mm10 16qA (Mouse) 20576865 0 mm10 16qA1 (Mouse) 15432649 0 mm10 16qA2 (Mouse) 16367961 15432649 mm10 16qA3 (Mouse) 20576865 16367961 mm10 16qB (Mouse) 53780444 20576865 mm10 16qB1 (Mouse) 26188738 20576865 mm10 16qB2 (Mouse) 32268266 26188738 mm10 16qB3 (Mouse) 38347795 32268266 mm10 16qB4 (Mouse) 44894979 38347795 mm10 16qB5 (Mouse) 53780444 44894979 mm10 16qC (Mouse) 98207768 53780444 mm10 16qC1 (Mouse) 66874813 53780444 mm10 16qC1.1 (Mouse) 57989348 53780444 mm10 16qC1.2 (Mouse) 58924660 57989348 mm10 16qC1.3 (Mouse) 66874813 58924660 mm10 16qC2 (Mouse) 70616061 66874813 mm10 16qC3 (Mouse) 91660583 70616061 mm10 16qC3.1 (Mouse) 79033870 70616061 mm10 16qC3.2 (Mouse) 79501526 79033870 mm10 16qC3.3 (Mouse) 91660583 79501526 mm10 16qC4 (Mouse) 98207768 91660583 mm10 17 chromosome 17 (Mouse) 94987271 0 mm10 17q (Mouse) 94987271 0 mm10 17qA (Mouse) 31371942 0 mm10 17qA1 (Mouse) 13943085 0 mm10 17qA2 (Mouse) 16121692 13943085 mm10 17qA3 (Mouse) 31371942 16121692 mm10 17qA3.1 (Mouse) 17428857 16121692 mm10 17qA3.2 (Mouse) 21786071 17428857 mm10 17qA3.3 (Mouse) 31371942 21786071 mm10 17qB (Mouse) 45750749 31371942 mm10 17qB1 (Mouse) 40086371 31371942 mm10 17qB2 (Mouse) 41393535 40086371 mm10 17qB3 (Mouse) 45750749 41393535 mm10 17qC (Mouse) 55772342 45750749 mm10 17qD (Mouse) 60129556 55772342 mm10 17qE (Mouse) 94987271 60129556 mm10 17qE1 (Mouse) 73201199 60129556 mm10 17qE1.1 (Mouse) 67972542 60129556 mm10 17qE1.2 (Mouse) 68843985 67972542 mm10 17qE1.3 (Mouse) 73201199 68843985 mm10 17qE2 (Mouse) 78429856 73201199 mm10 17qE3 (Mouse) 82787071 78429856 mm10 17qE4 (Mouse) 88887171 82787071 mm10 17qE5 (Mouse) 94987271 88887171 mm10 18 chromosome 18 (Mouse) 90702639 0 mm10 18q (Mouse) 90702639 0 mm10 18qA (Mouse) 29531091 0 mm10 18qA1 (Mouse) 19406146 0 mm10 18qA2 (Mouse) 29531091 19406146 mm10 18qB (Mouse) 45562255 29531091 mm10 18qB1 (Mouse) 35437310 29531091 mm10 18qB2 (Mouse) 37124801 35437310 mm10 18qB3 (Mouse) 45562255 37124801 mm10 18qC (Mouse) 49780983 45562255 mm10 18qD (Mouse) 60749674 49780983 mm10 18qD1 (Mouse) 53999710 49780983 mm10 18qD2 (Mouse) 54421583 53999710 mm10 18qD3 (Mouse) 60749674 54421583 mm10 18qE (Mouse) 90702639 60749674 mm10 18qE1 (Mouse) 67921511 60749674 mm10 18qE2 (Mouse) 75093347 67921511 mm10 18qE3 (Mouse) 83530802 75093347 mm10 18qE4 (Mouse) 90702639 83530802 mm10 19 chromosome 19 (Mouse) 61431566 0 mm10 19q (Mouse) 61431566 0 mm10 19qA (Mouse) 16680094 0 mm10 19qB (Mouse) 25630388 16680094 mm10 19qC (Mouse) 47599292 25630388 mm10 19qC1 (Mouse) 34987514 25630388 mm10 19qC2 (Mouse) 38242166 34987514 mm10 19qC3 (Mouse) 47599292 38242166 mm10 19qD (Mouse) 61431566 47599292 mm10 19qD1 (Mouse) 51667608 47599292 mm10 19qD2 (Mouse) 58990576 51667608 mm10 19qD3 (Mouse) 61431566 58990576 mm10 1q (Mouse) 195471971 0 mm10 1qA (Mouse) 30941543 0 mm10 1qA1 (Mouse) 8840440 0 mm10 1qA2 (Mouse) 12278390 8840440 mm10 1qA3 (Mouse) 20136559 12278390 mm10 1qA4 (Mouse) 22101102 20136559 mm10 1qA5 (Mouse) 30941543 22101102 mm10 1qB (Mouse) 43219933 30941543 mm10 1qC (Mouse) 87422137 43219933 mm10 1qC1 (Mouse) 59427408 43219933 mm10 1qC1.1 (Mouse) 54516052 43219933 mm10 1qC1.2 (Mouse) 55989459 54516052 mm10 1qC1.3 (Mouse) 59427408 55989459 mm10 1qC2 (Mouse) 65321035 59427408 mm10 1qC3 (Mouse) 74652612 65321035 mm10 1qC4 (Mouse) 80055103 74652612 mm10 1qC5 (Mouse) 87422137 80055103 mm10 1qD (Mouse) 99700527 87422137 mm10 1qE (Mouse) 139482511 99700527 mm10 1qE1 (Mouse) 103629612 99700527 mm10 1qE1.1 (Mouse) 102647341 99700527 mm10 1qE1.2 (Mouse) 103629612 102647341 mm10 1qE2 (Mouse) 125730715 103629612 mm10 1qE2.1 (Mouse) 112470053 103629612 mm10 1qE2.2 (Mouse) 113943460 112470053 mm10 1qE2.3 (Mouse) 125730715 113943460 mm10 1qE3 (Mouse) 128677528 125730715 mm10 1qE4 (Mouse) 139482511 128677528 mm10 1qF (Mouse) 147340681 139482511 mm10 1qG (Mouse) 157163393 147340681 mm10 1qG1 (Mouse) 151760902 147340681 mm10 1qG2 (Mouse) 152743173 151760902 mm10 1qG3 (Mouse) 157163393 152743173 mm10 1qH (Mouse) 195471971 157163393 mm10 1qH1 (Mouse) 160110207 157163393 mm10 1qH2 (Mouse) 169932919 160110207 mm10 1qH2.1 (Mouse) 164039292 160110207 mm10 1qH2.2 (Mouse) 165512699 164039292 mm10 1qH2.3 (Mouse) 169932919 165512699 mm10 1qH3 (Mouse) 175826546 169932919 mm10 1qH4 (Mouse) 181720174 175826546 mm10 1qH5 (Mouse) 188104936 181720174 mm10 1qH6 (Mouse) 195471971 188104936 mm10 2 chromosome 2 (Mouse) 182113224 0 mm10 2q (Mouse) 182113224 0 mm10 2qA (Mouse) 29100566 0 mm10 2qA1 (Mouse) 14080919 0 mm10 2qA2 (Mouse) 16427739 14080919 mm10 2qA3 (Mouse) 29100566 16427739 mm10 2qB (Mouse) 48344489 29100566 mm10 2qC (Mouse) 81199968 48344489 mm10 2qC1 (Mouse) 68527140 48344489 mm10 2qC1.1 (Mouse) 60547953 48344489 mm10 2qC1.2 (Mouse) 61017317 60547953 mm10 2qC1.3 (Mouse) 68527140 61017317 mm10 2qC2 (Mouse) 71812688 68527140 mm10 2qC3 (Mouse) 81199968 71812688 mm10 2qD (Mouse) 88709792 81199968 mm10 2qE (Mouse) 123912090 88709792 mm10 2qE1 (Mouse) 101382619 88709792 mm10 2qE2 (Mouse) 105137531 101382619 mm10 2qE3 (Mouse) 113116719 105137531 mm10 2qE4 (Mouse) 115932902 113116719 mm10 2qE5 (Mouse) 123912090 115932902 mm10 2qF (Mouse) 141278557 123912090 mm10 2qF1 (Mouse) 131891278 123912090 mm10 2qF2 (Mouse) 134707462 131891278 mm10 2qF3 (Mouse) 141278557 134707462 mm10 2qG (Mouse) 152543293 141278557 mm10 2qG1 (Mouse) 146910925 141278557 mm10 2qG2 (Mouse) 147849653 146910925 mm10 2qG3 (Mouse) 152543293 147849653 mm10 2qH (Mouse) 182113224 152543293 mm10 2qH1 (Mouse) 159114389 152543293 mm10 2qH2 (Mouse) 163338664 159114389 mm10 2qH3 (Mouse) 173664672 163338664 mm10 2qH4 (Mouse) 182113224 173664672 mm10 3 chromosome 3 (Mouse) 160039680 0 mm10 3q (Mouse) 160039680 0 mm10 3qA (Mouse) 35618587 0 mm10 3qA1 (Mouse) 18541182 0 mm10 3qA2 (Mouse) 20492885 18541182 mm10 3qA3 (Mouse) 35618587 20492885 mm10 3qB (Mouse) 46840881 35618587 mm10 3qC (Mouse) 56599399 46840881 mm10 3qD (Mouse) 60990731 56599399 mm10 3qE (Mouse) 83923246 60990731 mm10 3qE1 (Mouse) 69773397 60990731 mm10 3qE2 (Mouse) 72700952 69773397 mm10 3qE3 (Mouse) 83923246 72700952 mm10 3qF (Mouse) 115150501 83923246 mm10 3qF1 (Mouse) 93193838 83923246 mm10 3qF2 (Mouse) 108319539 93193838 mm10 3qF2.1 (Mouse) 97585170 93193838 mm10 3qF2.2 (Mouse) 106367836 97585170 mm10 3qF2.3 (Mouse) 108319539 106367836 mm10 3qF3 (Mouse) 115150501 108319539 mm10 3qG (Mouse) 138570942 115150501 mm10 3qG1 (Mouse) 126860721 115150501 mm10 3qG2 (Mouse) 128812425 126860721 mm10 3qG3 (Mouse) 138570942 128812425 mm10 3qH (Mouse) 160039680 138570942 mm10 3qH1 (Mouse) 143938126 138570942 mm10 3qH2 (Mouse) 148329459 143938126 mm10 3qH3 (Mouse) 154184569 148329459 mm10 3qH4 (Mouse) 160039680 154184569 mm10 4 chromosome 4 (Mouse) 156508116 0 mm10 4q (Mouse) 156508116 0 mm10 4qA (Mouse) 43687848 0 mm10 4qA1 (Mouse) 14882673 0 mm10 4qA2 (Mouse) 17763191 14882673 mm10 4qA3 (Mouse) 28325088 17763191 mm10 4qA4 (Mouse) 30245433 28325088 mm10 4qA5 (Mouse) 43687848 30245433 mm10 4qB (Mouse) 63371384 43687848 mm10 4qB1 (Mouse) 51849314 43687848 mm10 4qB2 (Mouse) 55209918 51849314 mm10 4qB3 (Mouse) 63371384 55209918 mm10 4qC (Mouse) 110899922 63371384 mm10 4qC1 (Mouse) 69612505 63371384 mm10 4qC2 (Mouse) 72012936 69612505 mm10 4qC3 (Mouse) 84015092 72012936 mm10 4qC4 (Mouse) 89776127 84015092 mm10 4qC5 (Mouse) 97457507 89776127 mm10 4qC6 (Mouse) 105618973 97457507 mm10 4qC7 (Mouse) 110899922 105618973 mm10 4qD (Mouse) 141625442 110899922 mm10 4qD1 (Mouse) 117621130 110899922 mm10 4qD2 (Mouse) 133944062 117621130 mm10 4qD2.1 (Mouse) 120501647 117621130 mm10 4qD2.2 (Mouse) 131063544 120501647 mm10 4qD2.3 (Mouse) 133944062 131063544 mm10 4qD3 (Mouse) 141625442 133944062 mm10 4qE (Mouse) 156508116 141625442 mm10 4qE1 (Mouse) 147866563 141625442 mm10 4qE2 (Mouse) 156508116 147866563 mm10 5 chromosome 5 (Mouse) 151834684 0 mm10 5q (Mouse) 151834684 0 mm10 5qA (Mouse) 25465943 0 mm10 5qA1 (Mouse) 14895174 0 mm10 5qA2 (Mouse) 16336643 14895174 mm10 5qA3 (Mouse) 25465943 16336643 mm10 5qB (Mouse) 50451398 25465943 mm10 5qB1 (Mouse) 33634265 25465943 mm10 5qB2 (Mouse) 35556223 33634265 mm10 5qB3 (Mouse) 50451398 35556223 mm10 5qC (Mouse) 77839300 50451398 mm10 5qC1 (Mouse) 58619719 50451398 mm10 5qC2 (Mouse) 61022167 58619719 mm10 5qC3 (Mouse) 77839300 61022167 mm10 5qC3.1 (Mouse) 71592936 61022167 mm10 5qC3.2 (Mouse) 73514894 71592936 mm10 5qC3.3 (Mouse) 77839300 73514894 mm10 5qD (Mouse) 81683216 77839300 mm10 5qE (Mouse) 107629649 81683216 mm10 5qE1 (Mouse) 91293006 81683216 mm10 5qE2 (Mouse) 93695453 91293006 mm10 5qE3 (Mouse) 99461327 93695453 mm10 5qE4 (Mouse) 101863775 99461327 mm10 5qE5 (Mouse) 107629649 101863775 mm10 5qF (Mouse) 124927271 107629649 mm10 5qG (Mouse) 151834684 124927271 mm10 5qG1 (Mouse) 130693145 124927271 mm10 5qG1.1 (Mouse) 126849229 124927271 mm10 5qG1.2 (Mouse) 127810208 126849229 mm10 5qG1.3 (Mouse) 130693145 127810208 mm10 5qG2 (Mouse) 146068809 130693145 mm10 5qG3 (Mouse) 151834684 146068809 mm10 6 chromosome 6 (Mouse) 149736546 0 mm10 6q (Mouse) 149736546 0 mm10 6qA (Mouse) 34253458 0 mm10 6qA1 (Mouse) 16637394 0 mm10 6qA2 (Mouse) 21530745 16637394 mm10 6qA3 (Mouse) 34253458 21530745 mm10 6qA3.1 (Mouse) 27402766 21530745 mm10 6qA3.2 (Mouse) 28381436 27402766 mm10 6qA3.3 (Mouse) 34253458 28381436 mm10 6qB (Mouse) 62634895 34253458 mm10 6qB1 (Mouse) 41593485 34253458 mm10 6qB2 (Mouse) 50890852 41593485 mm10 6qB2.1 (Mouse) 44529495 41593485 mm10 6qB2.2 (Mouse) 45997501 44529495 mm10 6qB2.3 (Mouse) 50890852 45997501 mm10 6qB3 (Mouse) 62634895 50890852 mm10 6qC (Mouse) 86122980 62634895 mm10 6qC1 (Mouse) 74378937 62634895 mm10 6qC2 (Mouse) 76825613 74378937 mm10 6qC3 (Mouse) 86122980 76825613 mm10 6qD (Mouse) 103249709 86122980 mm10 6qD1 (Mouse) 94441677 86122980 mm10 6qD2 (Mouse) 95909683 94441677 mm10 6qD3 (Mouse) 103249709 95909683 mm10 6qE (Mouse) 116951093 103249709 mm10 6qE1 (Mouse) 108632396 103249709 mm10 6qE2 (Mouse) 109611066 108632396 mm10 6qE3 (Mouse) 116951093 109611066 mm10 6qF (Mouse) 132120481 116951093 mm10 6qF1 (Mouse) 122823114 116951093 mm10 6qF2 (Mouse) 125269790 122823114 mm10 6qF3 (Mouse) 132120481 125269790 mm10 6qG (Mouse) 149736546 132120481 mm10 6qG1 (Mouse) 139460508 132120481 mm10 6qG2 (Mouse) 142885854 139460508 mm10 6qG3 (Mouse) 149736546 142885854 mm10 7 chromosome 7 (Mouse) 145441459 0 mm10 7q (Mouse) 145441459 0 mm10 7qA (Mouse) 28378821 0 mm10 7qA1 (Mouse) 15202939 0 mm10 7qA2 (Mouse) 18243527 15202939 mm10 7qA3 (Mouse) 28378821 18243527 mm10 7qB (Mouse) 60811759 28378821 mm10 7qB1 (Mouse) 34459997 28378821 mm10 7qB2 (Mouse) 37500585 34459997 mm10 7qB3 (Mouse) 47635878 37500585 mm10 7qB4 (Mouse) 54223819 47635878 mm10 7qB5 (Mouse) 60811759 54223819 mm10 7qC (Mouse) 71453817 60811759 mm10 7qD (Mouse) 90204110 71453817 mm10 7qD1 (Mouse) 77028229 71453817 mm10 7qD2 (Mouse) 80575581 77028229 mm10 7qD3 (Mouse) 90204110 80575581 mm10 7qE (Mouse) 111488226 90204110 mm10 7qE1 (Mouse) 99832639 90204110 mm10 7qE2 (Mouse) 102366462 99832639 mm10 7qE3 (Mouse) 111488226 102366462 mm10 7qF (Mouse) 145441459 111488226 mm10 7qF1 (Mouse) 118582931 111488226 mm10 7qF2 (Mouse) 123143813 118582931 mm10 7qF3 (Mouse) 137333224 123143813 mm10 7qF4 (Mouse) 140880577 137333224 mm10 7qF5 (Mouse) 145441459 140880577 mm10 8 chromosome 8 (Mouse) 129401213 0 mm10 8q (Mouse) 129401213 0 mm10 8qA (Mouse) 44071427 0 mm10 8qA1 (Mouse) 20160333 0 mm10 8qA1.1 (Mouse) 15940729 0 mm10 8qA1.2 (Mouse) 16878419 15940729 mm10 8qA1.3 (Mouse) 20160333 16878419 mm10 8qA2 (Mouse) 29537233 20160333 mm10 8qA3 (Mouse) 33756838 29537233 mm10 8qA4 (Mouse) 44071427 33756838 mm10 8qB (Mouse) 74546350 44071427 mm10 8qB1 (Mouse) 55792551 44071427 mm10 8qB1.1 (Mouse) 48291032 44071427 mm10 8qB1.2 (Mouse) 50166412 48291032 mm10 8qB1.3 (Mouse) 55792551 50166412 mm10 8qB2 (Mouse) 59543311 55792551 mm10 8qB3 (Mouse) 74546350 59543311 mm10 8qB3.1 (Mouse) 67044831 59543311 mm10 8qB3.2 (Mouse) 67982521 67044831 mm10 8qB3.3 (Mouse) 74546350 67982521 mm10 8qC (Mouse) 95644374 74546350 mm10 8qC1 (Mouse) 80172490 74546350 mm10 8qC2 (Mouse) 84860940 80172490 mm10 8qC3 (Mouse) 90018235 84860940 mm10 8qC4 (Mouse) 91424770 90018235 mm10 8qC5 (Mouse) 95644374 91424770 mm10 8qD (Mouse) 110647414 95644374 mm10 8qD1 (Mouse) 103145894 95644374 mm10 8qD2 (Mouse) 104083584 103145894 mm10 8qD3 (Mouse) 110647414 104083584 mm10 8qE (Mouse) 129401213 110647414 mm10 8qE1 (Mouse) 123775073 110647414 mm10 8qE2 (Mouse) 129401213 123775073 mm10 9 chromosome 9 (Mouse) 124595110 0 mm10 9q (Mouse) 124595110 0 mm10 9qA (Mouse) 54859040 0 mm10 9qA1 (Mouse) 14412120 0 mm10 9qA2 (Mouse) 19526099 14412120 mm10 9qA3 (Mouse) 24175170 19526099 mm10 9qA4 (Mouse) 38122384 24175170 mm10 9qA5 (Mouse) 54859040 38122384 mm10 9qA5.1 (Mouse) 44166177 38122384 mm10 9qA5.2 (Mouse) 46490712 44166177 mm10 9qA5.3 (Mouse) 54859040 46490712 mm10 9qB (Mouse) 63227369 54859040 mm10 9qC (Mouse) 69736069 63227369 mm10 9qD (Mouse) 77639490 69736069 mm10 9qE (Mouse) 101814660 77639490 mm10 9qE1 (Mouse) 82753468 77639490 mm10 9qE2 (Mouse) 84613097 82753468 mm10 9qE3 (Mouse) 100884846 84613097 mm10 9qE3.1 (Mouse) 91121796 84613097 mm10 9qE3.2 (Mouse) 91586703 91121796 mm10 9qE3.3 (Mouse) 100884846 91586703 mm10 9qE4 (Mouse) 101814660 100884846 mm10 9qF (Mouse) 124595110 101814660 mm10 9qF1 (Mouse) 108323360 101814660 mm10 9qF2 (Mouse) 111112803 108323360 mm10 9qF3 (Mouse) 119946038 111112803 mm10 9qF4 (Mouse) 124595110 119946038 mm10 X chromosome X (Mouse) 171031299 0 mm10 Xq (Mouse) 171031299 0 mm10 XqA (Mouse) 77383037 0 mm10 XqA1 (Mouse) 21194080 0 mm10 XqA1.1 (Mouse) 15772338 0 mm10 XqA1.2 (Mouse) 18236766 15772338 mm10 XqA1.3 (Mouse) 21194080 18236766 mm10 XqA2 (Mouse) 28094478 21194080 mm10 XqA3 (Mouse) 39923732 28094478 mm10 XqA3.1 (Mouse) 33516219 28094478 mm10 XqA3.2 (Mouse) 34501991 33516219 mm10 XqA3.3 (Mouse) 39923732 34501991 mm10 XqA4 (Mouse) 47809902 39923732 mm10 XqA5 (Mouse) 56188957 47809902 mm10 XqA6 (Mouse) 63089355 56188957 mm10 XqA7 (Mouse) 77383037 63089355 mm10 XqA7.1 (Mouse) 69496867 63089355 mm10 XqA7.2 (Mouse) 70975524 69496867 mm10 XqA7.3 (Mouse) 77383037 70975524 mm10 XqB (Mouse) 82311893 77383037 mm10 XqC (Mouse) 101041545 82311893 mm10 XqC1 (Mouse) 91183833 82311893 mm10 XqC2 (Mouse) 92169604 91183833 mm10 XqC3 (Mouse) 101041545 92169604 mm10 XqD (Mouse) 109913486 101041545 mm10 XqE (Mouse) 135050651 109913486 mm10 XqE1 (Mouse) 120264083 109913486 mm10 XqE2 (Mouse) 121249854 120264083 mm10 XqE3 (Mouse) 135050651 121249854 mm10 XqF (Mouse) 171031299 135050651 mm10 XqF1 (Mouse) 141458163 135050651 mm10 XqF2 (Mouse) 148851447 141458163 mm10 XqF3 (Mouse) 156244731 148851447 mm10 XqF4 (Mouse) 163638015 156244731 mm10 XqF5 (Mouse) 171031299 163638015 mm10 Y chromosome Y (Mouse) 91744698 0 mm10 Yq (Mouse) 91744698 0 mm10 YqA (Mouse) 32684048 0 mm10 YqA1 (Mouse) 20642557 0 mm10 YqA2 (Mouse) 32684048 20642557 mm10 YqB (Mouse) 45298944 32684048 mm10 YqC (Mouse) 72248949 45298944 mm10 YqC1 (Mouse) 54473414 45298944 mm10 YqC2 (Mouse) 61927671 54473414 mm10 YqC3 (Mouse) 72248949 61927671 mm10 YqD (Mouse) 83143632 72248949 mm10 YqE (Mouse) 91744698 83143632 mm10 1 chromosome 1 (Rat) 282763074 0 rn6 10 chromosome 10 (Rat) 112626471 0 rn6 10q (Rat) 112626471 0 rn6 10q1 (Rat) 26684687 0 rn6 10q11 (Rat) 6362541 0 rn6 10q12 (Rat) 26684687 6362541 rn6 10q2 (Rat) 84517335 26684687 rn6 10q21 (Rat) 35421310 26684687 rn6 10q22 (Rat) 48336319 35421310 rn6 10q23 (Rat) 50710401 48336319 rn6 10q24 (Rat) 64859932 50710401 rn6 10q25 (Rat) 67613868 64859932 rn6 10q26 (Rat) 84517335 67613868 rn6 10q3 (Rat) 112626471 84517335 rn6 10q31 (Rat) 89550389 84517335 rn6 10q32 (Rat) 112626471 89550389 rn6 10q32.1 (Rat) 105504223 89550389 rn6 10q32.2 (Rat) 107213563 105504223 rn6 10q32.3 (Rat) 112626471 107213563 rn6 11 chromosome 11 (Rat) 90463843 0 rn6 11p (Rat) 15463905 0 rn6 11p1 (Rat) 15463905 0 rn6 11p11 (Rat) 15463905 6862108 rn6 11p12 (Rat) 6862108 0 rn6 11q (Rat) 90463843 15463905 rn6 11q1 (Rat) 49871093 15463905 rn6 11q11 (Rat) 37789917 15463905 rn6 11q12 (Rat) 49871093 37789917 rn6 11q2 (Rat) 90463843 49871093 rn6 11q21 (Rat) 66978037 49871093 rn6 11q22 (Rat) 79059213 66978037 rn6 11q23 (Rat) 90463843 79059213 rn6 12 chromosome 12 (Rat) 52716770 0 rn6 12p (Rat) 14160793 0 rn6 12p1 (Rat) 14160793 0 rn6 12p11 (Rat) 14160793 6179255 rn6 12p12 (Rat) 6179255 0 rn6 12q (Rat) 52716770 14160793 rn6 12q1 (Rat) 52716770 14160793 rn6 12q11 (Rat) 21048088 14160793 rn6 12q12 (Rat) 30252603 21048088 rn6 12q13 (Rat) 32054886 30252603 rn6 12q14 (Rat) 36624960 32054886 rn6 12q15 (Rat) 38234141 36624960 rn6 12q16 (Rat) 52716770 38234141 rn6 13 chromosome 13 (Rat) 114033958 0 rn6 13p (Rat) 30976075 0 rn6 13p1 (Rat) 30976075 0 rn6 13p11 (Rat) 30976075 23520817 rn6 13p12 (Rat) 23520817 17850620 rn6 13p13 (Rat) 17850620 0 rn6 13q (Rat) 114033958 30976075 rn6 13q1 (Rat) 57121983 30976075 rn6 13q11 (Rat) 41056425 30976075 rn6 13q12 (Rat) 44101531 41056425 rn6 13q13 (Rat) 57121983 44101531 rn6 13q2 (Rat) 114033958 57121983 rn6 13q21 (Rat) 73607555 57121983 rn6 13q22 (Rat) 82217853 73607555 rn6 13q23 (Rat) 85157955 82217853 rn6 13q24 (Rat) 93453243 85157955 rn6 13q25 (Rat) 96393345 93453243 rn6 13q26 (Rat) 108363761 96393345 rn6 13q27 (Rat) 114033958 108363761 rn6 14 chromosome 14 (Rat) 115493446 0 rn6 14p (Rat) 50719903 0 rn6 14p1 (Rat) 50719903 32333938 rn6 14p11 (Rat) 50719903 32333938 rn6 14p2 (Rat) 32333938 0 rn6 14p21 (Rat) 32333938 21767292 rn6 14p22 (Rat) 21767292 0 rn6 14q (Rat) 115493446 50719903 rn6 14q1 (Rat) 70690865 50719903 rn6 14q11 (Rat) 70690865 50719903 rn6 14q2 (Rat) 115493446 70690865 rn6 14q21 (Rat) 97741480 70690865 rn6 14q22 (Rat) 115493446 97741480 rn6 15 chromosome 15 (Rat) 111246239 0 rn6 15p (Rat) 54970010 0 rn6 15p1 (Rat) 54970010 0 rn6 15p11 (Rat) 54970010 48438920 rn6 15p12 (Rat) 48438920 34832482 rn6 15p13 (Rat) 34832482 32111194 rn6 15p14 (Rat) 32111194 17416241 rn6 15p15 (Rat) 17416241 14694954 rn6 15p16 (Rat) 14694954 0 rn6 15q (Rat) 111246239 54970010 rn6 15q1 (Rat) 72821657 54970010 rn6 15q11 (Rat) 61174546 54970010 rn6 15q12 (Rat) 72821657 61174546 rn6 15q2 (Rat) 111246239 72821657 rn6 15q21 (Rat) 87952016 72821657 rn6 15q22 (Rat) 92959186 87952016 rn6 15q23 (Rat) 100687643 92959186 rn6 15q24 (Rat) 107654139 100687643 rn6 15q25 (Rat) 111246239 107654139 rn6 16 chromosome 16 (Rat) 90668790 0 rn6 16p (Rat) 42526990 0 rn6 16p1 (Rat) 42526990 0 rn6 16p11 (Rat) 42526990 35144554 rn6 16p12 (Rat) 35144554 29529744 rn6 16p13 (Rat) 29529744 25162669 rn6 16p14 (Rat) 25162669 12165423 rn6 16p15 (Rat) 12165423 10293819 rn6 16p16 (Rat) 10293819 0 rn6 16q (Rat) 90668790 42526990 rn6 16q1 (Rat) 90668790 42526990 rn6 16q11 (Rat) 51781029 42526990 rn6 16q12 (Rat) 90668790 51781029 rn6 16q12.1 (Rat) 59163465 51781029 rn6 16q12.2 (Rat) 62074848 59163465 rn6 16q12.3 (Rat) 69561262 62074848 rn6 16q12.4 (Rat) 72160711 69561262 rn6 16q12.5 (Rat) 90668790 72160711 rn6 17 chromosome 17 (Rat) 90843779 0 rn6 17p (Rat) 45421890 0 rn6 17p1 (Rat) 45421890 0 rn6 17p11 (Rat) 45421890 39910020 rn6 17p12 (Rat) 39910020 23578554 rn6 17p13 (Rat) 23578554 21435049 rn6 17p14 (Rat) 21435049 0 rn6 17q (Rat) 90843779 45421890 rn6 17q1 (Rat) 90843779 45421890 rn6 17q11 (Rat) 50831688 45421890 rn6 17q12 (Rat) 90843779 50831688 rn6 17q12.1 (Rat) 68285941 50831688 rn6 17q12.2 (Rat) 70837733 68285941 rn6 17q12.3 (Rat) 90843779 70837733 rn6 18 chromosome 18 (Rat) 88201929 0 rn6 18p (Rat) 37737028 0 rn6 18p1 (Rat) 37737028 0 rn6 18p11 (Rat) 37737028 27800355 rn6 18p12 (Rat) 27800355 10718209 rn6 18p13 (Rat) 10718209 0 rn6 18q (Rat) 88201929 37737028 rn6 18q1 (Rat) 88201929 37737028 rn6 18q11 (Rat) 51581381 37737028 rn6 18q12 (Rat) 83736008 51581381 rn6 18q12.1 (Rat) 68328583 51581381 rn6 18q12.2 (Rat) 72236263 68328583 rn6 18q12.3 (Rat) 83736008 72236263 rn6 18q13 (Rat) 88201929 83736008 rn6 19 chromosome 19 (Rat) 62275575 0 rn6 19p (Rat) 23524538 0 rn6 19p1 (Rat) 23524538 0 rn6 19p11 (Rat) 23524538 12890158 rn6 19p12 (Rat) 12890158 11117761 rn6 19p13 (Rat) 11117761 4269865 rn6 19p14 (Rat) 4269865 0 rn6 19q (Rat) 62275575 23524538 rn6 19q1 (Rat) 62275575 23524538 rn6 19q11 (Rat) 37300894 23524538 rn6 19q12 (Rat) 62275575 37300894 rn6 1p (Rat) 40652454 0 rn6 1p1 (Rat) 40652454 0 rn6 1p11 (Rat) 40652454 25618263 rn6 1p12 (Rat) 25618263 10704345 rn6 1p13 (Rat) 10704345 0 rn6 1q (Rat) 282763074 40652454 rn6 1q1 (Rat) 73607402 40652454 rn6 1q11 (Rat) 51356799 40652454 rn6 1q12 (Rat) 73607402 51356799 rn6 1q2 (Rat) 130617056 73607402 rn6 1q21 (Rat) 95016091 73607402 rn6 1q22 (Rat) 130617056 95016091 rn6 1q3 (Rat) 201337893 130617056 rn6 1q31 (Rat) 149018906 130617056 rn6 1q32 (Rat) 171269510 149018906 rn6 1q33 (Rat) 179929204 171269510 rn6 1q34 (Rat) 184138778 179929204 rn6 1q35 (Rat) 189791634 184138778 rn6 1q36 (Rat) 198331054 189791634 rn6 1q37 (Rat) 201337893 198331054 rn6 1q4 (Rat) 235615849 201337893 rn6 1q41 (Rat) 216251810 201337893 rn6 1q42 (Rat) 218897828 216251810 rn6 1q43 (Rat) 235615849 218897828 rn6 1q5 (Rat) 282763074 235615849 rn6 1q51 (Rat) 244155270 235615849 rn6 1q52 (Rat) 252694691 244155270 rn6 1q53 (Rat) 259189461 252694691 rn6 1q54 (Rat) 267728882 259189461 rn6 1q55 (Rat) 282763074 267728882 rn6 2 chromosome 2 (Rat) 266435125 0 rn6 20 chromosome 20 (Rat) 56205956 0 rn6 20p (Rat) 27122642 0 rn6 20p1 (Rat) 27122642 0 rn6 20p11 (Rat) 27122642 16230015 rn6 20p12 (Rat) 16230015 0 rn6 20q (Rat) 56205956 27122642 rn6 20q1 (Rat) 56205956 27122642 rn6 20q11 (Rat) 38668826 27122642 rn6 20q12 (Rat) 46511518 38668826 rn6 20q13 (Rat) 56205956 46511518 rn6 2q (Rat) 266435125 0 rn6 2q1 (Rat) 65685263 0 rn6 2q11 (Rat) 16392456 0 rn6 2q12 (Rat) 35670907 16392456 rn6 2q13 (Rat) 38210584 35670907 rn6 2q14 (Rat) 49292807 38210584 rn6 2q15 (Rat) 52525122 49292807 rn6 2q16 (Rat) 65685263 52525122 rn6 2q2 (Rat) 150071777 65685263 rn6 2q21 (Rat) 75151329 65685263 rn6 2q22 (Rat) 87503390 75151329 rn6 2q23 (Rat) 100663531 87503390 rn6 2q24 (Rat) 121211820 100663531 rn6 2q25 (Rat) 130677886 121211820 rn6 2q26 (Rat) 150071777 130677886 rn6 2q3 (Rat) 211716646 150071777 rn6 2q31 (Rat) 164386316 150071777 rn6 2q32 (Rat) 176738378 164386316 rn6 2q33 (Rat) 180086133 176738378 rn6 2q34 (Rat) 211716646 180086133 rn6 2q4 (Rat) 266435125 211716646 rn6 2q41 (Rat) 226031185 211716646 rn6 2q42 (Rat) 234342852 226031185 rn6 2q43 (Rat) 242539080 234342852 rn6 2q44 (Rat) 254083063 242539080 rn6 2q45 (Rat) 266435125 254083063 rn6 3 chromosome 3 (Rat) 177699992 0 rn6 3p (Rat) 16948566 0 rn6 3p1 (Rat) 16948566 0 rn6 3p11 (Rat) 16948566 11437683 rn6 3p12 (Rat) 11437683 5510884 rn6 3p13 (Rat) 5510884 0 rn6 3q (Rat) 177699992 16948566 rn6 3q1 (Rat) 40655762 16948566 rn6 3q11 (Rat) 22147513 16948566 rn6 3q12 (Rat) 40655762 22147513 rn6 3q2 (Rat) 81415503 40655762 rn6 3q21 (Rat) 56252602 40655762 rn6 3q22 (Rat) 58020243 56252602 rn6 3q23 (Rat) 62907253 58020243 rn6 3q24 (Rat) 81415503 62907253 rn6 3q3 (Rat) 133197010 81415503 rn6 3q31 (Rat) 91709417 81415503 rn6 3q32 (Rat) 94724806 91709417 rn6 3q33 (Rat) 99923752 94724806 rn6 3q34 (Rat) 103563015 99923752 rn6 3q35 (Rat) 116560381 103563015 rn6 3q36 (Rat) 133197010 116560381 rn6 3q4 (Rat) 177699992 133197010 rn6 3q41 (Rat) 150977407 133197010 rn6 3q42 (Rat) 172085129 150977407 rn6 3q43 (Rat) 177699992 172085129 rn6 4 chromosome 4 (Rat) 184226339 0 rn6 4q (Rat) 184226339 0 rn6 4q1 (Rat) 31498158 0 rn6 4q11 (Rat) 15370236 0 rn6 4q12 (Rat) 25003693 15370236 rn6 4q13 (Rat) 31498158 25003693 rn6 4q2 (Rat) 91247241 31498158 rn6 4q21 (Rat) 45461259 31498158 rn6 4q22 (Rat) 68516612 45461259 rn6 4q23 (Rat) 71222639 68516612 rn6 4q24 (Rat) 91247241 71222639 rn6 4q3 (Rat) 134868401 91247241 rn6 4q31 (Rat) 101313662 91247241 rn6 4q32 (Rat) 102829038 101313662 rn6 4q33 (Rat) 110514155 102829038 rn6 4q34 (Rat) 134868401 110514155 rn6 4q4 (Rat) 184226339 134868401 rn6 4q41 (Rat) 144501858 134868401 rn6 4q42 (Rat) 167557210 144501858 rn6 4q43 (Rat) 171453890 167557210 rn6 4q44 (Rat) 184226339 171453890 rn6 5 chromosome 5 (Rat) 173707219 0 rn6 5q (Rat) 173707219 0 rn6 5q1 (Rat) 34651731 0 rn6 5q11 (Rat) 12335568 0 rn6 5q12 (Rat) 20297616 12335568 rn6 5q13 (Rat) 34651731 20297616 rn6 5q2 (Rat) 85788265 34651731 rn6 5q21 (Rat) 51809384 34651731 rn6 5q22 (Rat) 67060631 51809384 rn6 5q23 (Rat) 69864169 67060631 rn6 5q24 (Rat) 85788265 69864169 rn6 5q3 (Rat) 173707219 85788265 rn6 5q31 (Rat) 104964465 85788265 rn6 5q32 (Rat) 112590089 104964465 rn6 5q33 (Rat) 123692100 112590089 rn6 5q34 (Rat) 128962751 123692100 rn6 5q35 (Rat) 135691242 128962751 rn6 5q36 (Rat) 173707219 135691242 rn6 6 chromosome 6 (Rat) 147991367 0 rn6 6q (Rat) 147991367 0 rn6 6q1 (Rat) 55917831 0 rn6 6q11 (Rat) 3929968 0 rn6 6q12 (Rat) 21109543 3929968 rn6 6q13 (Rat) 25151796 21109543 rn6 6q14 (Rat) 36717130 25151796 rn6 6q15 (Rat) 40759383 36717130 rn6 6q16 (Rat) 55917831 40759383 rn6 6q2 (Rat) 107905693 55917831 rn6 6q21 (Rat) 67932304 55917831 rn6 6q22 (Rat) 72311412 67932304 rn6 6q23 (Rat) 83989031 72311412 rn6 6q24 (Rat) 107905693 83989031 rn6 6q3 (Rat) 147991367 107905693 rn6 6q31 (Rat) 119920167 107905693 rn6 6q32 (Rat) 139906861 119920167 rn6 6q33 (Rat) 147991367 139906861 rn6 7 chromosome 7 (Rat) 145729302 0 rn6 7q (Rat) 145729302 0 rn6 7q1 (Rat) 41851058 0 rn6 7q11 (Rat) 15564443 0 rn6 7q12 (Rat) 18446747 15564443 rn6 7q13 (Rat) 41851058 18446747 rn6 7q2 (Rat) 77937506 41851058 rn6 7q21 (Rat) 53264982 41851058 rn6 7q22 (Rat) 77937506 53264982 rn6 7q3 (Rat) 145729302 77937506 rn6 7q31 (Rat) 93501949 77937506 rn6 7q32 (Rat) 96384253 93501949 rn6 7q33 (Rat) 106645256 96384253 rn6 7q34 (Rat) 131317780 106645256 rn6 7q35 (Rat) 138696479 131317780 rn6 7q36 (Rat) 145729302 138696479 rn6 8 chromosome 8 (Rat) 133307652 0 rn6 8q (Rat) 133307652 0 rn6 8q1 (Rat) 32784130 0 rn6 8q11 (Rat) 12266910 0 rn6 8q12 (Rat) 17369076 12266910 rn6 8q13 (Rat) 32784130 17369076 rn6 8q2 (Rat) 84999912 32784130 rn6 8q21 (Rat) 41685781 32784130 rn6 8q22 (Rat) 50587432 41685781 rn6 8q23 (Rat) 56015268 50587432 rn6 8q24 (Rat) 84999912 56015268 rn6 8q3 (Rat) 133307652 84999912 rn6 8q31 (Rat) 110076514 84999912 rn6 8q32 (Rat) 133307652 110076514 rn6 9 chromosome 9 (Rat) 122095297 0 rn6 9q (Rat) 122095297 0 rn6 9q1 (Rat) 30391915 0 rn6 9q11 (Rat) 7809034 0 rn6 9q12 (Rat) 18361782 7809034 rn6 9q13 (Rat) 30391915 18361782 rn6 9q2 (Rat) 56351676 30391915 rn6 9q21 (Rat) 45060235 30391915 rn6 9q22 (Rat) 56351676 45060235 rn6 9q3 (Rat) 122095297 56351676 rn6 9q31 (Rat) 66798896 56351676 rn6 9q32 (Rat) 75452150 66798896 rn6 9q33 (Rat) 84527513 75452150 rn6 9q34 (Rat) 90120470 84527513 rn6 9q35 (Rat) 96874228 90120470 rn6 9q36 (Rat) 108904361 96874228 rn6 9q37 (Rat) 115658120 108904361 rn6 9q38 (Rat) 122095297 115658120 rn6 MT chromosome M (Rat) 16313 0 rn6 X chromosome X (Rat) 159970021 0 rn6 Xq (Rat) 159970021 0 rn6 Xq1 (Rat) 39286378 0 rn6 Xq11 (Rat) 7703212 0 rn6 Xq12 (Rat) 21440605 7703212 rn6 Xq13 (Rat) 29657364 21440605 rn6 Xq14 (Rat) 39286378 29657364 rn6 Xq2 (Rat) 80883718 39286378 rn6 Xq21 (Rat) 59314727 39286378 rn6 Xq22 (Rat) 80883718 59314727 rn6 Xq3 (Rat) 159970021 80883718 rn6 Xq31 (Rat) 100526907 80883718 rn6 Xq32 (Rat) 111953337 100526907 rn6 Xq33 (Rat) 115163008 111953337 rn6 Xq34 (Rat) 121967512 115163008 rn6 Xq35 (Rat) 134806197 121967512 rn6 Xq36 (Rat) 148543591 134806197 rn6 Xq37 (Rat) 159970021 148543591 rn6 Y chromosome Y (Rat) 3310458 0 rn6 Yq (Rat) 3310458 0 rn6 Yq1 (Rat) 3310458 0 rn6 Yq11 (Rat) 2482843 0 rn6 Yq12 (Rat) 3310458 2482843 rn6 I chromosome I (C elegans) 15072434 0 ce11 II chromosome II (C elegans) 15279421 0 ce11 III chromosome III (C elegans) 13783801 0 ce11 IV chromosome IV (C elegans) 17493829 0 ce11 MtDNA chromosome M (C elegans) 13794 0 ce11 V chromosome V (C elegans) 20924180 0 ce11 X chromosome X (C elegans) 17718942 0 ce11 1 chromosome 1 (Danio rerio) 58871917 0 danRer10 10 chromosome 10 (Danio rerio) 45574255 0 danRer10 11 chromosome 11 (Danio rerio) 45107271 0 danRer10 12 chromosome 12 (Danio rerio) 49229541 0 danRer10 13 chromosome 13 (Danio rerio) 51780250 0 danRer10 14 chromosome 14 (Danio rerio) 51944548 0 danRer10 15 chromosome 15 (Danio rerio) 47771147 0 danRer10 16 chromosome 16 (Danio rerio) 55381981 0 danRer10 17 chromosome 17 (Danio rerio) 53345113 0 danRer10 18 chromosome 18 (Danio rerio) 51008593 0 danRer10 19 chromosome 19 (Danio rerio) 48790377 0 danRer10 2 chromosome 2 (Danio rerio) 59543403 0 danRer10 20 chromosome 20 (Danio rerio) 55370968 0 danRer10 21 chromosome 21 (Danio rerio) 45895719 0 danRer10 22 chromosome 22 (Danio rerio) 39226288 0 danRer10 23 chromosome 23 (Danio rerio) 46272358 0 danRer10 24 chromosome 24 (Danio rerio) 42251103 0 danRer10 25 chromosome 25 (Danio rerio) 36898761 0 danRer10 3 chromosome 3 (Danio rerio) 62385949 0 danRer10 4 chromosome 4 (Danio rerio) 76625712 0 danRer10 5 chromosome 5 (Danio rerio) 71715914 0 danRer10 6 chromosome 6 (Danio rerio) 60272633 0 danRer10 7 chromosome 7 (Danio rerio) 74082188 0 danRer10 8 chromosome 8 (Danio rerio) 54191831 0 danRer10 9 chromosome 9 (Danio rerio) 56892771 0 danRer10 MT chromosome M (Danio rerio) 16596 0 danRer10 1 chromosome 1 (Chicken) 197608386 0 galGal6 10 chromosome 10 (Chicken) 21119840 250000 galGal6 10cen (Chicken) 500000 250000 galGal6 10q (Chicken) 21119840 500000 galGal6 11 chromosome 11 (Chicken) 20200042 0 galGal6 11cen (Chicken) 3230744 2980744 galGal6 11p (Chicken) 2730744 0 galGal6 11q (Chicken) 20200042 3230744 galGal6 12 chromosome 12 (Chicken) 20387278 0 galGal6 13 chromosome 13 (Chicken) 19166714 250000 galGal6 13cen (Chicken) 500000 250000 galGal6 13q (Chicken) 19166714 500000 galGal6 14 chromosome 14 (Chicken) 16219308 0 galGal6 14cen (Chicken) 15978998 15728998 galGal6 14p (Chicken) 15478998 0 galGal6 14q (Chicken) 16219308 15978998 galGal6 15 chromosome 15 (Chicken) 13062184 0 galGal6 16 chromosome 16 (Chicken) 2844601 250000 galGal6 16cen (Chicken) 500000 250000 galGal6 16q (Chicken) 2844601 500000 galGal6 17 chromosome 17 (Chicken) 10762512 250000 galGal6 17cen (Chicken) 500000 250000 galGal6 17q (Chicken) 10762512 500000 galGal6 18 chromosome 18 (Chicken) 11373140 0 galGal6 19 chromosome 19 (Chicken) 10323212 0 galGal6 1cen (Chicken) 77108038 76858038 galGal6 1p (Chicken) 76608038 0 galGal6 1q (Chicken) 197608386 77108038 galGal6 2 chromosome 2 (Chicken) 149682049 0 galGal6 20 chromosome 20 (Chicken) 13897287 0 galGal6 21 chromosome 21 (Chicken) 6844979 0 galGal6 22 chromosome 22 (Chicken) 5459462 0 galGal6 22cen (Chicken) 3570996 3320996 galGal6 22p (Chicken) 3070996 0 galGal6 22q (Chicken) 5459462 3570996 galGal6 23 chromosome 23 (Chicken) 6149580 0 galGal6 24 chromosome 24 (Chicken) 6491222 0 galGal6 25 chromosome 25 (Chicken) 3980610 0 galGal6 25cen (Chicken) 1240762 990762 galGal6 25p (Chicken) 740762 0 galGal6 25q (Chicken) 3980610 1240762 galGal6 26 chromosome 26 (Chicken) 6055710 0 galGal6 26cen (Chicken) 6055710 5805710 galGal6 26p (Chicken) 5555710 0 galGal6 27 chromosome 27 (Chicken) 8080432 0 galGal6 28 chromosome 28 (Chicken) 5116882 0 galGal6 2cen (Chicken) 52651238 52401238 galGal6 2p (Chicken) 52151238 0 galGal6 2q (Chicken) 149682049 52651238 galGal6 3 chromosome 3 (Chicken) 110838418 0 galGal6 30 chromosome 30 (Chicken) 1818525 0 galGal6 31 chromosome 31 (Chicken) 6153034 0 galGal6 32 chromosome 32 (Chicken) 725831 0 galGal6 33 chromosome 33 (Chicken) 7821666 0 galGal6 3cen (Chicken) 6301976 6051976 galGal6 3p (Chicken) 5801976 0 galGal6 3q (Chicken) 110838418 6301976 galGal6 4 chromosome 4 (Chicken) 91315245 0 galGal6 4cen (Chicken) 19261804 19011804 galGal6 4p (Chicken) 18761804 0 galGal6 4q (Chicken) 91315245 19261804 galGal6 5 chromosome 5 (Chicken) 59809098 0 galGal6 5cen (Chicken) 6509601 6259601 galGal6 5p (Chicken) 6009601 0 galGal6 5q (Chicken) 59809098 6509601 galGal6 6 chromosome 6 (Chicken) 36374701 250000 galGal6 6cen (Chicken) 500000 250000 galGal6 6q (Chicken) 36374701 500000 galGal6 7 chromosome 7 (Chicken) 36742308 0 galGal6 7cen (Chicken) 7831533 7581533 galGal6 7p (Chicken) 7331533 0 galGal6 7q (Chicken) 36742308 7831533 galGal6 8 chromosome 8 (Chicken) 30219446 0 galGal6 8cen (Chicken) 9826743 9576743 galGal6 8p (Chicken) 9326743 0 galGal6 8q (Chicken) 30219446 9826743 galGal6 9 chromosome 9 (Chicken) 24153086 250000 galGal6 9cen (Chicken) 500000 250000 galGal6 9q (Chicken) 24153086 500000 galGal6 MT chromosome M (Chicken) 16775 0 galGal6 W chromosome W (Chicken) 6813114 0 galGal6 Z chromosome Z (Chicken) 82529921 0 galGal6 chromosome 1 (Marmoset) 217961735 0 calJac4 chromosome 10 (Marmoset) 137671225 0 calJac4 10cen (Marmoset) 26000075 25500075 calJac4 10p (Marmoset) 25000075 0 calJac4 10q (Marmoset) 137671225 26000075 calJac4 chromosome 11 (Marmoset) 129688756 0 calJac4 11cen (Marmoset) 34586013 34086013 calJac4 11p (Marmoset) 33586013 0 calJac4 11q (Marmoset) 129688756 34586013 calJac4 chromosome 12 (Marmoset) 124486764 0 calJac4 12cen (Marmoset) 30927646 30427646 calJac4 12p (Marmoset) 29927646 0 calJac4 12q (Marmoset) 124486764 30927646 calJac4 chromosome 13 (Marmoset) 118934817 0 calJac4 13cen (Marmoset) 43699764 43199764 calJac4 13p (Marmoset) 42699764 0 calJac4 13q (Marmoset) 118934817 43699764 calJac4 chromosome 14 (Marmoset) 112090317 500000 calJac4 14cen (Marmoset) 1000000 500000 calJac4 14q (Marmoset) 112090317 1000000 calJac4 chromosome 15 (Marmoset) 99198953 500000 calJac4 15cen (Marmoset) 1000000 500000 calJac4 15q (Marmoset) 99198953 1000000 calJac4 chromosome 16 (Marmoset) 97817134 500000 calJac4 16cen (Marmoset) 1000000 500000 calJac4 16q (Marmoset) 97817134 1000000 calJac4 chromosome 17 (Marmoset) 74942703 500000 calJac4 17cen (Marmoset) 1000000 500000 calJac4 17q (Marmoset) 74942703 1000000 calJac4 chromosome 18 (Marmoset) 47031477 500000 calJac4 18cen (Marmoset) 1000000 500000 calJac4 18q (Marmoset) 47031477 1000000 calJac4 chromosome 19 (Marmoset) 51570929 500000 calJac4 19cen (Marmoset) 1000000 500000 calJac4 19q (Marmoset) 51570929 1000000 calJac4 1cen (Marmoset) 81783914 81283914 calJac4 1p (Marmoset) 80783914 0 calJac4 1q (Marmoset) 217961735 81783914 calJac4 chromosome 2 (Marmoset) 204486479 0 calJac4 chromosome 20 (Marmoset) 45615054 500000 calJac4 20cen (Marmoset) 1000000 500000 calJac4 20q (Marmoset) 45615054 1000000 calJac4 chromosome 21 (Marmoset) 51259342 0 calJac4 chromosome 22 (Marmoset) 51300780 0 calJac4 22cen (Marmoset) 24196811 23696811 calJac4 22p (Marmoset) 23196811 0 calJac4 22q (Marmoset) 51300780 24196811 calJac4 2cen (Marmoset) 59260311 58760311 calJac4 2p (Marmoset) 58260311 0 calJac4 2q (Marmoset) 204486479 59260311 calJac4 chromosome 3 (Marmoset) 191910223 0 calJac4 3cen (Marmoset) 26663142 26163142 calJac4 3p (Marmoset) 25663142 0 calJac4 3q (Marmoset) 191910223 26663142 calJac4 chromosome 4 (Marmoset) 174041770 0 calJac4 4cen (Marmoset) 31853243 31353243 calJac4 4p (Marmoset) 30853243 0 calJac4 4q (Marmoset) 174041770 31853243 calJac4 chromosome 5 (Marmoset) 164351765 0 calJac4 5cen (Marmoset) 59097111 58597111 calJac4 5p (Marmoset) 58097111 0 calJac4 5q (Marmoset) 164351765 59097111 calJac4 chromosome 6 (Marmoset) 161003406 0 calJac4 6cen (Marmoset) 30512457 30012457 calJac4 6p (Marmoset) 29512457 0 calJac4 6q (Marmoset) 161003406 30512457 calJac4 chromosome 7 (Marmoset) 157546058 0 calJac4 7cen (Marmoset) 37306574 36806574 calJac4 7p (Marmoset) 36306574 0 calJac4 7q (Marmoset) 157546058 37306574 calJac4 chromosome 8 (Marmoset) 126850804 0 calJac4 8cen (Marmoset) 24112397 23612397 calJac4 8p (Marmoset) 23112397 0 calJac4 8q (Marmoset) 126850804 24112397 calJac4 chromosome 9 (Marmoset) 134044658 0 calJac4 9cen (Marmoset) 24434627 23934627 calJac4 9p (Marmoset) 23434627 0 calJac4 9q (Marmoset) 134044658 24434627 calJac4 MT chromosome M (Marmoset) 16499 0 calJac4 chromosome X (Marmoset) 148168104 0 calJac4 Xcen (Marmoset) 57661510 57161510 calJac4 Xp (Marmoset) 56661510 0 calJac4 Xq (Marmoset) 148168104 57661510 calJac4 chromosome Y (Marmoset) 8228174 0 calJac4 1 chromosome 1 (Human) 248956422 0 hg38 10 chromosome 10 (Human) 133797422 0 hg38 10p (Human) 39800000 0 hg38 10p1 (Human) 39800000 0 hg38 10p11 (Human) 39800000 29300000 hg38 10p11.1 (Human) 39800000 38000000 hg38 10p11.2 (Human) 38000000 29300000 hg38 10p11.21 (Human) 38000000 34200000 hg38 10p11.21-p12.31 (Human) hg38 10p11.22 (Human) 34200000 31100000 hg38 10p11.23 (Human) 31100000 29300000 hg38 10p12 (Human) 29300000 17300000 hg38 10p12.1 (Human) 29300000 24300000 hg38 10p12.2 (Human) 24300000 22300000 hg38 10p12.3 (Human) 22300000 17300000 hg38 10p12.31 (Human) 22300000 18400000 hg38 10p12.32 (Human) 18400000 18300000 hg38 10p12.33 (Human) 18300000 17300000 hg38 10p13 (Human) 17300000 12200000 hg38 10p14 (Human) 12200000 6600000 hg38 10p15 (Human) 6600000 0 hg38 10p15.1 (Human) 6600000 3800000 hg38 10p15.2 (Human) 3800000 3000000 hg38 10p15.3 (Human) 3000000 0 hg38 10q (Human) 133797422 39800000 hg38 10q1 (Human) 51100000 39800000 hg38 10q11 (Human) 51100000 39800000 hg38 10q11.1 (Human) 41600000 39800000 hg38 10q11.2 (Human) 51100000 41600000 hg38 10q11.21 (Human) 45500000 41600000 hg38 10q11.22 (Human) 48600000 45500000 hg38 10q11.23 (Human) 51100000 48600000 hg38 10q2 (Human) 133797422 51100000 hg38 10q21 (Human) 68800000 51100000 hg38 10q21.1 (Human) 59400000 51100000 hg38 10q21.2 (Human) 62800000 59400000 hg38 10q21.3 (Human) 68800000 62800000 hg38 10q22 (Human) 80300000 68800000 hg38 10q22.1 (Human) 73100000 68800000 hg38 10q22.2 (Human) 75900000 73100000 hg38 10q22.3 (Human) 80300000 75900000 hg38 10q22.3-q23.3 (Human) hg38 10q23 (Human) 95300000 80300000 hg38 10q23.1 (Human) 86100000 80300000 hg38 10q23.2 (Human) 87700000 86100000 hg38 10q23.3 (Human) 95300000 87700000 hg38 10q23.31 (Human) 91100000 87700000 hg38 10q23.32 (Human) 92300000 91100000 hg38 10q23.33 (Human) 95300000 92300000 hg38 10q24 (Human) 104000000 95300000 hg38 10q24.1 (Human) 97500000 95300000 hg38 10q24.2 (Human) 100100000 97500000 hg38 10q24.3 (Human) 104000000 100100000 hg38 10q24.31 (Human) 101200000 100100000 hg38 10q24.32 (Human) 103100000 101200000 hg38 10q24.33 (Human) 104000000 103100000 hg38 10q25 (Human) 117300000 104000000 hg38 10q25.1 (Human) 110100000 104000000 hg38 10q25.2 (Human) 113100000 110100000 hg38 10q25.3 (Human) 117300000 113100000 hg38 10q26 (Human) 133797422 117300000 hg38 10q26.1 (Human) 125700000 117300000 hg38 10q26.11 (Human) 119900000 117300000 hg38 10q26.12 (Human) 121400000 119900000 hg38 10q26.13 (Human) 125700000 121400000 hg38 10q26.2 (Human) 128800000 125700000 hg38 10q26.3 (Human) 133797422 128800000 hg38 11 chromosome 11 (Human) 135086622 0 hg38 11p (Human) 53400000 0 hg38 11p1 (Human) 53400000 0 hg38 11p11 (Human) 53400000 43400000 hg38 11p11.1 (Human) 53400000 48800000 hg38 11p11.11 (Human) 53400000 51000000 hg38 11p11.12 (Human) 51000000 48800000 hg38 11p11.2 (Human) 48800000 43400000 hg38 11p12 (Human) 43400000 36400000 hg38 11p13 (Human) 36400000 31000000 hg38 11p14 (Human) 31000000 22000000 hg38 11p14.1 (Human) 31000000 27200000 hg38 11p14.2 (Human) 27200000 26200000 hg38 11p14.3 (Human) 26200000 22000000 hg38 11p15 (Human) 22000000 0 hg38 11p15-p14 (Human) hg38 11p15.1 (Human) 22000000 16900000 hg38 11p15.2 (Human) 16900000 13800000 hg38 11p15.3 (Human) 13800000 11700000 hg38 11p15.4 (Human) 11700000 2800000 hg38 11p15.5 (Human) 2800000 0 hg38 11q (Human) 135086622 53400000 hg38 11q1 (Human) 93000000 53400000 hg38 11q11 (Human) 55800000 53400000 hg38 11q12 (Human) 63600000 55800000 hg38 11q12.1 (Human) 60100000 55800000 hg38 11q12.2 (Human) 61900000 60100000 hg38 11q12.3 (Human) 63600000 61900000 hg38 11q13 (Human) 77400000 63600000 hg38 11q13.1 (Human) 66100000 63600000 hg38 11q13.2 (Human) 68700000 66100000 hg38 11q13.3 (Human) 70500000 68700000 hg38 11q13.4 (Human) 75500000 70500000 hg38 11q13.5 (Human) 77400000 75500000 hg38 11q14 (Human) 93000000 77400000 hg38 11q14.1 (Human) 85900000 77400000 hg38 11q14.2 (Human) 88600000 85900000 hg38 11q14.3 (Human) 93000000 88600000 hg38 11q2 (Human) 135086622 93000000 hg38 11q21 (Human) 97400000 93000000 hg38 11q22 (Human) 110600000 97400000 hg38 11q22.1 (Human) 102300000 97400000 hg38 11q22.2 (Human) 103000000 102300000 hg38 11q22.2-q22.3 (Human) hg38 11q22.3 (Human) 110600000 103000000 hg38 11q23 (Human) 121300000 110600000 hg38 11q23.1 (Human) 112700000 110600000 hg38 11q23.2 (Human) 114600000 112700000 hg38 11q23.3 (Human) 121300000 114600000 hg38 11q24 (Human) 130900000 121300000 hg38 11q24.1 (Human) 124000000 121300000 hg38 11q24.2 (Human) 127900000 124000000 hg38 11q24.3 (Human) 130900000 127900000 hg38 11q25 (Human) 135086622 130900000 hg38 12 chromosome 12 (Human) 133275309 0 hg38 12p (Human) 35500000 0 hg38 12p1 (Human) 35500000 0 hg38 12p11 (Human) 35500000 26300000 hg38 12p11.1 (Human) 35500000 33200000 hg38 12p11.2 (Human) 33200000 26300000 hg38 12p11.21 (Human) 33200000 30500000 hg38 12p11.22 (Human) 30500000 27600000 hg38 12p11.23 (Human) 27600000 26300000 hg38 12p12 (Human) 26300000 14600000 hg38 12p12.1 (Human) 26300000 21100000 hg38 12p12.2 (Human) 21100000 19800000 hg38 12p12.3 (Human) 19800000 14600000 hg38 12p13 (Human) 14600000 0 hg38 12p13.1 (Human) 14600000 12600000 hg38 12p13.2 (Human) 12600000 10000000 hg38 12p13.3 (Human) 10000000 0 hg38 12p13.31 (Human) 10000000 5300000 hg38 12p13.32 (Human) 5300000 3200000 hg38 12p13.33 (Human) 3200000 0 hg38 12q (Human) 133275309 35500000 hg38 12q1 (Human) 71100000 35500000 hg38 12q11 (Human) 37800000 35500000 hg38 12q12 (Human) 46000000 37800000 hg38 12q13 (Human) 57700000 46000000 hg38 12q13.1 (Human) 54500000 46000000 hg38 12q13.11 (Human) 48700000 46000000 hg38 12q13.12 (Human) 51100000 48700000 hg38 12q13.13 (Human) 54500000 51100000 hg38 12q13.2 (Human) 56200000 54500000 hg38 12q13.3 (Human) 57700000 56200000 hg38 12q14 (Human) 67300000 57700000 hg38 12q14.1 (Human) 62700000 57700000 hg38 12q14.2 (Human) 64700000 62700000 hg38 12q14.3 (Human) 67300000 64700000 hg38 12q15 (Human) 71100000 67300000 hg38 12q15-q21.1 (Human) hg38 12q2 (Human) 133275309 71100000 hg38 12q21 (Human) 92200000 71100000 hg38 12q21.1 (Human) 75300000 71100000 hg38 12q21.2 (Human) 79900000 75300000 hg38 12q21.3 (Human) 92200000 79900000 hg38 12q21.31 (Human) 86300000 79900000 hg38 12q21.32 (Human) 88600000 86300000 hg38 12q21.33 (Human) 92200000 88600000 hg38 12q22 (Human) 95800000 92200000 hg38 12q23 (Human) 108600000 95800000 hg38 12q23.1 (Human) 101200000 95800000 hg38 12q23.2 (Human) 103500000 101200000 hg38 12q23.3 (Human) 108600000 103500000 hg38 12q24 (Human) 133275309 108600000 hg38 12q24.1 (Human) 113900000 108600000 hg38 12q24.11 (Human) 111300000 108600000 hg38 12q24.12 (Human) 111900000 111300000 hg38 12q24.13 (Human) 113900000 111900000 hg38 12q24.2 (Human) 120300000 113900000 hg38 12q24.21 (Human) 116400000 113900000 hg38 12q24.22 (Human) 117700000 116400000 hg38 12q24.23 (Human) 120300000 117700000 hg38 12q24.3 (Human) 133275309 120300000 hg38 12q24.31 (Human) 125400000 120300000 hg38 12q24.32 (Human) 128700000 125400000 hg38 12q24.33 (Human) 133275309 128700000 hg38 13 chromosome 13 (Human) 114364328 0 hg38 13p (Human) 17700000 0 hg38 13p1 (Human) 17700000 0 hg38 13p11 (Human) 17700000 10100000 hg38 13p11.1 (Human) 17700000 16500000 hg38 13p11.2 (Human) 16500000 10100000 hg38 13p12 (Human) 10100000 4600000 hg38 13p13 (Human) 4600000 0 hg38 13q (Human) 114364328 17700000 hg38 13q1 (Human) 54700000 17700000 hg38 13q11 (Human) 18900000 17700000 hg38 13q12 (Human) 31600000 18900000 hg38 13q12.1 (Human) 27200000 18900000 hg38 13q12.11 (Human) 22600000 18900000 hg38 13q12.12 (Human) 24900000 22600000 hg38 13q12.13 (Human) 27200000 24900000 hg38 13q12.2 (Human) 28300000 27200000 hg38 13q12.3 (Human) 31600000 28300000 hg38 13q13 (Human) 39500000 31600000 hg38 13q13.1 (Human) 33400000 31600000 hg38 13q13.2 (Human) 34900000 33400000 hg38 13q13.3 (Human) 39500000 34900000 hg38 13q14 (Human) 54700000 39500000 hg38 13q14.1 (Human) 46700000 39500000 hg38 13q14.11 (Human) 44600000 39500000 hg38 13q14.12 (Human) 45200000 44600000 hg38 13q14.13 (Human) 46700000 45200000 hg38 13q14.2 (Human) 50300000 46700000 hg38 13q14.3 (Human) 54700000 50300000 hg38 13q2 (Human) 78500000 54700000 hg38 13q21 (Human) 72800000 54700000 hg38 13q21.1 (Human) 59000000 54700000 hg38 13q21.2 (Human) 61800000 59000000 hg38 13q21.3 (Human) 72800000 61800000 hg38 13q21.31 (Human) 65200000 61800000 hg38 13q21.32 (Human) 68100000 65200000 hg38 13q21.33 (Human) 72800000 68100000 hg38 13q22 (Human) 78500000 72800000 hg38 13q22.1 (Human) 74900000 72800000 hg38 13q22.2 (Human) 76700000 74900000 hg38 13q22.3 (Human) 78500000 76700000 hg38 13q3 (Human) 114364328 78500000 hg38 13q31 (Human) 94400000 78500000 hg38 13q31.1 (Human) 87100000 78500000 hg38 13q31.2 (Human) 89400000 87100000 hg38 13q31.3 (Human) 94400000 89400000 hg38 13q32 (Human) 101100000 94400000 hg38 13q32.1 (Human) 97500000 94400000 hg38 13q32.2 (Human) 98700000 97500000 hg38 13q32.3 (Human) 101100000 98700000 hg38 13q33 (Human) 109600000 101100000 hg38 13q33.1 (Human) 104200000 101100000 hg38 13q33.2 (Human) 106400000 104200000 hg38 13q33.3 (Human) 109600000 106400000 hg38 13q34 (Human) 114364328 109600000 hg38 14 chromosome 14 (Human) 107043718 0 hg38 14p (Human) 17200000 0 hg38 14p1 (Human) 17200000 0 hg38 14p11 (Human) 17200000 8000000 hg38 14p11.1 (Human) 17200000 16100000 hg38 14p11.2 (Human) 16100000 8000000 hg38 14p12 (Human) 8000000 3600000 hg38 14p13 (Human) 3600000 0 hg38 14q (Human) 107043718 17200000 hg38 14q1 (Human) 37400000 17200000 hg38 14q11 (Human) 24100000 17200000 hg38 14q11-q22 (Human) hg38 14q11.1 (Human) 18200000 17200000 hg38 14q11.2 (Human) 24100000 18200000 hg38 14q12 (Human) 32900000 24100000 hg38 14q13 (Human) 37400000 32900000 hg38 14q13.1 (Human) 34800000 32900000 hg38 14q13.2 (Human) 36100000 34800000 hg38 14q13.3 (Human) 37400000 36100000 hg38 14q2 (Human) 78800000 37400000 hg38 14q21 (Human) 50400000 37400000 hg38 14q21.1 (Human) 43000000 37400000 hg38 14q21.2 (Human) 46700000 43000000 hg38 14q21.3 (Human) 50400000 46700000 hg38 14q22 (Human) 57600000 50400000 hg38 14q22-q23 (Human) hg38 14q22.1 (Human) 53600000 50400000 hg38 14q22.2 (Human) 55000000 53600000 hg38 14q22.3 (Human) 57600000 55000000 hg38 14q23 (Human) 67400000 57600000 hg38 14q23.1 (Human) 61600000 57600000 hg38 14q23.2 (Human) 64300000 61600000 hg38 14q23.3 (Human) 67400000 64300000 hg38 14q24 (Human) 78800000 67400000 hg38 14q24.1 (Human) 69800000 67400000 hg38 14q24.1-q24.3 (Human) hg38 14q24.2 (Human) 73300000 69800000 hg38 14q24.3 (Human) 78800000 73300000 hg38 14q3 (Human) 107043718 78800000 hg38 14q31 (Human) 89300000 78800000 hg38 14q31.1 (Human) 83100000 78800000 hg38 14q31.2 (Human) 84400000 83100000 hg38 14q31.3 (Human) 89300000 84400000 hg38 14q32 (Human) 107043718 89300000 hg38 14q32.1 (Human) 95800000 89300000 hg38 14q32.11 (Human) 91400000 89300000 hg38 14q32.12 (Human) 94200000 91400000 hg38 14q32.13 (Human) 95800000 94200000 hg38 14q32.2 (Human) 100900000 95800000 hg38 14q32.3 (Human) 107043718 100900000 hg38 14q32.31 (Human) 102700000 100900000 hg38 14q32.32 (Human) 103500000 102700000 hg38 14q32.33 (Human) 107043718 103500000 hg38 15 chromosome 15 (Human) 101991189 0 hg38 15p (Human) 19000000 0 hg38 15p1 (Human) 19000000 0 hg38 15p11 (Human) 19000000 9700000 hg38 15p11.1 (Human) 19000000 17500000 hg38 15p11.2 (Human) 17500000 9700000 hg38 15p12 (Human) 9700000 4200000 hg38 15p13 (Human) 4200000 0 hg38 15q (Human) 101991189 19000000 hg38 15q1 (Human) 44500000 19000000 hg38 15q11 (Human) 25500000 19000000 hg38 15q11-q13 (Human) hg38 15q11.1 (Human) 20500000 19000000 hg38 15q11.2 (Human) 25500000 20500000 hg38 15q12 (Human) 27800000 25500000 hg38 15q13 (Human) 33400000 27800000 hg38 15q13.1 (Human) 30000000 27800000 hg38 15q13.2 (Human) 30900000 30000000 hg38 15q13.3 (Human) 33400000 30900000 hg38 15q14 (Human) 39800000 33400000 hg38 15q15 (Human) 44500000 39800000 hg38 15q15.1 (Human) 42500000 39800000 hg38 15q15.2 (Human) 43300000 42500000 hg38 15q15.3 (Human) 44500000 43300000 hg38 15q2 (Human) 101991189 44500000 hg38 15q21 (Human) 58800000 44500000 hg38 15q21.1 (Human) 49200000 44500000 hg38 15q21.2 (Human) 52600000 49200000 hg38 15q21.3 (Human) 58800000 52600000 hg38 15q22 (Human) 67200000 58800000 hg38 15q22.1 (Human) 59000000 58800000 hg38 15q22.2 (Human) 63400000 59000000 hg38 15q22.3 (Human) 67200000 63400000 hg38 15q22.31 (Human) 66900000 63400000 hg38 15q22.32 (Human) 67000000 66900000 hg38 15q22.33 (Human) 67200000 67000000 hg38 15q23 (Human) 72400000 67200000 hg38 15q24 (Human) 78000000 72400000 hg38 15q24.1 (Human) 74900000 72400000 hg38 15q24.2 (Human) 76300000 74900000 hg38 15q24.3 (Human) 78000000 76300000 hg38 15q25 (Human) 88500000 78000000 hg38 15q25.1 (Human) 81400000 78000000 hg38 15q25.2 (Human) 84700000 81400000 hg38 15q25.3 (Human) 88500000 84700000 hg38 15q26 (Human) 101991189 88500000 hg38 15q26-qter (Human) hg38 15q26.1 (Human) 93800000 88500000 hg38 15q26.2 (Human) 98000000 93800000 hg38 15q26.3 (Human) 101991189 98000000 hg38 16 chromosome 16 (Human) 90338345 0 hg38 16p (Human) 36800000 0 hg38 16p1 (Human) 36800000 0 hg38 16p11 (Human) 36800000 28500000 hg38 16p11.1 (Human) 36800000 35300000 hg38 16p11.2 (Human) 35300000 28500000 hg38 16p11.2-p12.2 (Human) hg38 16p12 (Human) 28500000 16700000 hg38 16p12.1 (Human) 28500000 24200000 hg38 16p12.1-p12.3 (Human) hg38 16p12.2 (Human) 24200000 21200000 hg38 16p12.2-p11.2 (Human) hg38 16p12.3 (Human) 21200000 16700000 hg38 16p13 (Human) 16700000 0 hg38 16p13.1 (Human) 16700000 10400000 hg38 16p13.11 (Human) 16700000 14700000 hg38 16p13.12 (Human) 14700000 12500000 hg38 16p13.13 (Human) 12500000 10400000 hg38 16p13.2 (Human) 10400000 7800000 hg38 16p13.3 (Human) 7800000 0 hg38 16q (Human) 90338345 36800000 hg38 16q1 (Human) 57300000 36800000 hg38 16q11 (Human) 47000000 36800000 hg38 16q11.1 (Human) 38400000 36800000 hg38 16q11.2 (Human) 47000000 38400000 hg38 16q12 (Human) 56000000 47000000 hg38 16q12.1 (Human) 52600000 47000000 hg38 16q12.2 (Human) 56000000 52600000 hg38 16q13 (Human) 57300000 56000000 hg38 16q2 (Human) 90338345 57300000 hg38 16q21 (Human) 66600000 57300000 hg38 16q22 (Human) 74100000 66600000 hg38 16q22.1 (Human) 70800000 66600000 hg38 16q22.2 (Human) 72800000 70800000 hg38 16q22.3 (Human) 74100000 72800000 hg38 16q23 (Human) 84100000 74100000 hg38 16q23.1 (Human) 79200000 74100000 hg38 16q23.2 (Human) 81600000 79200000 hg38 16q23.3 (Human) 84100000 81600000 hg38 16q24 (Human) 90338345 84100000 hg38 16q24.1 (Human) 87000000 84100000 hg38 16q24.2 (Human) 88700000 87000000 hg38 16q24.3 (Human) 90338345 88700000 hg38 17 chromosome 17 (Human) 83257441 0 hg38 17p (Human) 25100000 0 hg38 17p1 (Human) 25100000 0 hg38 17p11 (Human) 25100000 16100000 hg38 17p11.1 (Human) 25100000 22700000 hg38 17p11.2 (Human) 22700000 16100000 hg38 17p12 (Human) 16100000 10800000 hg38 17p13 (Human) 10800000 0 hg38 17p13.1 (Human) 10800000 6500000 hg38 17p13.2 (Human) 6500000 3400000 hg38 17p13.3 (Human) 3400000 0 hg38 17q (Human) 83257441 25100000 hg38 17q1 (Human) 39800000 25100000 hg38 17q11 (Human) 33500000 25100000 hg38 17q11.1 (Human) 27400000 25100000 hg38 17q11.2 (Human) 33500000 27400000 hg38 17q12 (Human) 39800000 33500000 hg38 17q2 (Human) 83257441 39800000 hg38 17q21 (Human) 52100000 39800000 hg38 17q21.1 (Human) 40200000 39800000 hg38 17q21.2 (Human) 42800000 40200000 hg38 17q21.3 (Human) 52100000 42800000 hg38 17q21.31 (Human) 46800000 42800000 hg38 17q21.32 (Human) 49300000 46800000 hg38 17q21.33 (Human) 52100000 49300000 hg38 17q22 (Human) 59500000 52100000 hg38 17q23 (Human) 64600000 59500000 hg38 17q23.1 (Human) 60200000 59500000 hg38 17q23.1-q23.2 (Human) hg38 17q23.2 (Human) 63100000 60200000 hg38 17q23.3 (Human) 64600000 63100000 hg38 17q24 (Human) 72900000 64600000 hg38 17q24.1 (Human) 66200000 64600000 hg38 17q24.2 (Human) 69100000 66200000 hg38 17q24.3 (Human) 72900000 69100000 hg38 17q25 (Human) 83257441 72900000 hg38 17q25.1 (Human) 76800000 72900000 hg38 17q25.2 (Human) 77200000 76800000 hg38 17q25.3 (Human) 83257441 77200000 hg38 18 chromosome 18 (Human) 80373285 0 hg38 18p (Human) 18500000 0 hg38 18p1 (Human) 18500000 0 hg38 18p11 (Human) 18500000 0 hg38 18p11.1 (Human) 18500000 15400000 hg38 18p11.2 (Human) 15400000 7200000 hg38 18p11.21 (Human) 15400000 10900000 hg38 18p11.22 (Human) 10900000 8500000 hg38 18p11.23 (Human) 8500000 7200000 hg38 18p11.3 (Human) 7200000 0 hg38 18p11.31 (Human) 7200000 2900000 hg38 18p11.32 (Human) 2900000 0 hg38 18q (Human) 80373285 18500000 hg38 18q1 (Human) 45900000 18500000 hg38 18q11 (Human) 27500000 18500000 hg38 18q11.1 (Human) 21500000 18500000 hg38 18q11.2 (Human) 27500000 21500000 hg38 18q12 (Human) 45900000 27500000 hg38 18q12.1 (Human) 35100000 27500000 hg38 18q12.2 (Human) 39500000 35100000 hg38 18q12.3 (Human) 45900000 39500000 hg38 18q2 (Human) 80373285 45900000 hg38 18q21 (Human) 63900000 45900000 hg38 18q21.1 (Human) 50700000 45900000 hg38 18q21.2 (Human) 56200000 50700000 hg38 18q21.3 (Human) 63900000 56200000 hg38 18q21.31 (Human) 58600000 56200000 hg38 18q21.32 (Human) 61300000 58600000 hg38 18q21.33 (Human) 63900000 61300000 hg38 18q22 (Human) 75400000 63900000 hg38 18q22.1 (Human) 69100000 63900000 hg38 18q22.2 (Human) 71000000 69100000 hg38 18q22.3 (Human) 75400000 71000000 hg38 18q23 (Human) 80373285 75400000 hg38 19 chromosome 19 (Human) 58617616 0 hg38 19p (Human) 26200000 0 hg38 19p1 (Human) 26200000 0 hg38 19p11 (Human) 26200000 24200000 hg38 19p12 (Human) 24200000 19900000 hg38 19p13 (Human) 19900000 0 hg38 19p13.1 (Human) 19900000 12600000 hg38 19p13.11 (Human) 19900000 16100000 hg38 19p13.12 (Human) 16100000 13800000 hg38 19p13.13 (Human) 13800000 12600000 hg38 19p13.2 (Human) 12600000 6900000 hg38 19p13.3 (Human) 6900000 0 hg38 19q (Human) 58617616 26200000 hg38 19q1 (Human) 58617616 26200000 hg38 19q11 (Human) 28100000 26200000 hg38 19q12 (Human) 31900000 28100000 hg38 19q13 (Human) 58617616 31900000 hg38 19q13.1 (Human) 38200000 31900000 hg38 19q13.11 (Human) 35100000 31900000 hg38 19q13.12 (Human) 37800000 35100000 hg38 19q13.13 (Human) 38200000 37800000 hg38 19q13.2 (Human) 42900000 38200000 hg38 19q13.3 (Human) 50900000 42900000 hg38 19q13.31 (Human) 44700000 42900000 hg38 19q13.32 (Human) 47500000 44700000 hg38 19q13.33 (Human) 50900000 47500000 hg38 19q13.4 (Human) 58617616 50900000 hg38 19q13.41 (Human) 53100000 50900000 hg38 19q13.42 (Human) 55800000 53100000 hg38 19q13.43 (Human) 58617616 55800000 hg38 1p (Human) 123400000 0 hg38 1p1 (Human) 123400000 106700000 hg38 1p11 (Human) 123400000 120400000 hg38 1p11.1 (Human) 123400000 121700000 hg38 1p11.2 (Human) 121700000 120400000 hg38 1p12 (Human) 120400000 117200000 hg38 1p13 (Human) 117200000 106700000 hg38 1p13.1 (Human) 117200000 115500000 hg38 1p13.2 (Human) 115500000 111200000 hg38 1p13.3 (Human) 111200000 106700000 hg38 1p2 (Human) 106700000 84400000 hg38 1p21 (Human) 106700000 94300000 hg38 1p21.1 (Human) 106700000 101800000 hg38 1p21.2 (Human) 101800000 99300000 hg38 1p21.3 (Human) 99300000 94300000 hg38 1p22 (Human) 94300000 84400000 hg38 1p22.1 (Human) 94300000 91500000 hg38 1p22.2 (Human) 91500000 87900000 hg38 1p22.3 (Human) 87900000 84400000 hg38 1p3 (Human) 84400000 0 hg38 1p31 (Human) 84400000 60800000 hg38 1p31.1 (Human) 84400000 69300000 hg38 1p31.2 (Human) 69300000 68500000 hg38 1p31.3 (Human) 68500000 60800000 hg38 1p32 (Human) 60800000 50200000 hg38 1p32-p31 (Human) hg38 1p32.1 (Human) 60800000 58500000 hg38 1p32.2 (Human) 58500000 55600000 hg38 1p32.3 (Human) 55600000 50200000 hg38 1p33 (Human) 50200000 46300000 hg38 1p34 (Human) 46300000 34300000 hg38 1p34.1 (Human) 46300000 43700000 hg38 1p34.2 (Human) 43700000 39600000 hg38 1p34.3 (Human) 39600000 34300000 hg38 1p35 (Human) 34300000 27600000 hg38 1p35.1 (Human) 34300000 32300000 hg38 1p35.2 (Human) 32300000 29900000 hg38 1p35.3 (Human) 29900000 27600000 hg38 1p36 (Human) 27600000 0 hg38 1p36.1 (Human) 27600000 15900000 hg38 1p36.11 (Human) 27600000 23600000 hg38 1p36.12 (Human) 23600000 20100000 hg38 1p36.13 (Human) 20100000 15900000 hg38 1p36.2 (Human) 15900000 7100000 hg38 1p36.21 (Human) 15900000 12500000 hg38 1p36.22 (Human) 12500000 9100000 hg38 1p36.23 (Human) 9100000 7100000 hg38 1p36.3 (Human) 7100000 0 hg38 1p36.31 (Human) 7100000 5300000 hg38 1p36.32 (Human) 5300000 2300000 hg38 1p36.33 (Human) 2300000 0 hg38 1q (Human) 248956422 123400000 hg38 1q1 (Human) 143200000 123400000 hg38 1q11 (Human) 125100000 123400000 hg38 1q12 (Human) 143200000 125100000 hg38 1q12-q21 (Human) hg38 1q2 (Human) 185800000 143200000 hg38 1q21 (Human) 155100000 143200000 hg38 1q21.1 (Human) 147500000 143200000 hg38 1q21.2 (Human) 150600000 147500000 hg38 1q21.3 (Human) 155100000 150600000 hg38 1q22 (Human) 156600000 155100000 hg38 1q23 (Human) 165500000 156600000 hg38 1q23.1 (Human) 159100000 156600000 hg38 1q23.2 (Human) 160500000 159100000 hg38 1q23.3 (Human) 165500000 160500000 hg38 1q24 (Human) 173000000 165500000 hg38 1q24.1 (Human) 167200000 165500000 hg38 1q24.2 (Human) 170900000 167200000 hg38 1q24.3 (Human) 173000000 170900000 hg38 1q25 (Human) 185800000 173000000 hg38 1q25.1 (Human) 176100000 173000000 hg38 1q25.2 (Human) 180300000 176100000 hg38 1q25.3 (Human) 185800000 180300000 hg38 1q3 (Human) 214400000 185800000 hg38 1q31 (Human) 198700000 185800000 hg38 1q31.1 (Human) 190800000 185800000 hg38 1q31.2 (Human) 193800000 190800000 hg38 1q31.3 (Human) 198700000 193800000 hg38 1q32 (Human) 214400000 198700000 hg38 1q32.1 (Human) 207100000 198700000 hg38 1q32.2 (Human) 211300000 207100000 hg38 1q32.3 (Human) 214400000 211300000 hg38 1q4 (Human) 248956422 214400000 hg38 1q41 (Human) 223900000 214400000 hg38 1q41-q42 (Human) hg38 1q42 (Human) 236400000 223900000 hg38 1q42.1 (Human) 230500000 223900000 hg38 1q42.11 (Human) 224400000 223900000 hg38 1q42.12 (Human) 226800000 224400000 hg38 1q42.13 (Human) 230500000 226800000 hg38 1q42.2 (Human) 234600000 230500000 hg38 1q42.3 (Human) 236400000 234600000 hg38 1q43 (Human) 243500000 236400000 hg38 1q44 (Human) 248956422 243500000 hg38 2 chromosome 2 (Human) 242193529 0 hg38 20 chromosome 20 (Human) 64444167 0 hg38 20p (Human) 28100000 0 hg38 20p1 (Human) 28100000 0 hg38 20p11 (Human) 28100000 17900000 hg38 20p11.1 (Human) 28100000 25700000 hg38 20p11.2 (Human) 25700000 17900000 hg38 20p11.21 (Human) 25700000 22300000 hg38 20p11.22 (Human) 22300000 21300000 hg38 20p11.23 (Human) 21300000 17900000 hg38 20p12 (Human) 17900000 5100000 hg38 20p12.1 (Human) 17900000 12000000 hg38 20p12.2 (Human) 12000000 9200000 hg38 20p12.3 (Human) 9200000 5100000 hg38 20p13 (Human) 5100000 0 hg38 20q (Human) 64444167 28100000 hg38 20q1 (Human) 64444167 28100000 hg38 20q11 (Human) 39000000 28100000 hg38 20q11.1 (Human) 30400000 28100000 hg38 20q11.2 (Human) 39000000 30400000 hg38 20q11.21 (Human) 33500000 30400000 hg38 20q11.22 (Human) 35800000 33500000 hg38 20q11.23 (Human) 39000000 35800000 hg38 20q12 (Human) 43100000 39000000 hg38 20q13 (Human) 64444167 43100000 hg38 20q13.1 (Human) 51200000 43100000 hg38 20q13.11 (Human) 43500000 43100000 hg38 20q13.12 (Human) 47800000 43500000 hg38 20q13.13 (Human) 51200000 47800000 hg38 20q13.2 (Human) 56400000 51200000 hg38 20q13.2-q13.3 (Human) hg38 20q13.3 (Human) 64444167 56400000 hg38 20q13.31 (Human) 57800000 56400000 hg38 20q13.32 (Human) 59700000 57800000 hg38 20q13.33 (Human) 64444167 59700000 hg38 21 chromosome 21 (Human) 46709983 0 hg38 21p (Human) 12000000 0 hg38 21p1 (Human) 12000000 0 hg38 21p11 (Human) 12000000 7000000 hg38 21p11.1 (Human) 12000000 10900000 hg38 21p11.2 (Human) 10900000 7000000 hg38 21p12 (Human) 7000000 3100000 hg38 21p13 (Human) 3100000 0 hg38 21q (Human) 46709983 12000000 hg38 21q1 (Human) 15000000 12000000 hg38 21q11 (Human) 15000000 12000000 hg38 21q11.1 (Human) 13000000 12000000 hg38 21q11.2 (Human) 15000000 13000000 hg38 21q2 (Human) 46709983 15000000 hg38 21q21 (Human) 30200000 15000000 hg38 21q21.1 (Human) 22600000 15000000 hg38 21q21.2 (Human) 25500000 22600000 hg38 21q21.3 (Human) 30200000 25500000 hg38 21q22 (Human) 46709983 30200000 hg38 21q22.1 (Human) 38300000 30200000 hg38 21q22.11 (Human) 34400000 30200000 hg38 21q22.11-q22.12 (Human) hg38 21q22.12 (Human) 36400000 34400000 hg38 21q22.13 (Human) 38300000 36400000 hg38 21q22.13-q22.2 (Human) hg38 21q22.2 (Human) 41200000 38300000 hg38 21q22.3 (Human) 46709983 41200000 hg38 22 chromosome 22 (Human) 50818468 0 hg38 22p (Human) 15000000 0 hg38 22p1 (Human) 15000000 0 hg38 22p11 (Human) 15000000 9400000 hg38 22p11.1 (Human) 15000000 13700000 hg38 22p11.2 (Human) 13700000 9400000 hg38 22p12 (Human) 9400000 4300000 hg38 22p13 (Human) 4300000 0 hg38 22q (Human) 50818468 15000000 hg38 22q1 (Human) 50818468 15000000 hg38 22q11 (Human) 25500000 15000000 hg38 22q11.1 (Human) 17400000 15000000 hg38 22q11.2 (Human) 25500000 17400000 hg38 22q11.21 (Human) 21700000 17400000 hg38 22q11.22 (Human) 23100000 21700000 hg38 22q11.23 (Human) 25500000 23100000 hg38 22q12 (Human) 37200000 25500000 hg38 22q12.1 (Human) 29200000 25500000 hg38 22q12.2 (Human) 31800000 29200000 hg38 22q12.3 (Human) 37200000 31800000 hg38 22q13 (Human) 50818468 37200000 hg38 22q13.1 (Human) 40600000 37200000 hg38 22q13.2 (Human) 43800000 40600000 hg38 22q13.3 (Human) 50818468 43800000 hg38 22q13.31 (Human) 48100000 43800000 hg38 22q13.32 (Human) 49100000 48100000 hg38 22q13.33 (Human) 50818468 49100000 hg38 2p (Human) 93900000 0 hg38 2p1 (Human) 93900000 47500000 hg38 2p11 (Human) 93900000 83100000 hg38 2p11.1 (Human) 93900000 91800000 hg38 2p11.2 (Human) 91800000 83100000 hg38 2p12 (Human) 83100000 74800000 hg38 2p12-p11.2 (Human) hg38 2p13 (Human) 74800000 68400000 hg38 2p13.1 (Human) 74800000 73300000 hg38 2p13.2 (Human) 73300000 71300000 hg38 2p13.3 (Human) 71300000 68400000 hg38 2p14 (Human) 68400000 63900000 hg38 2p15 (Human) 63900000 61000000 hg38 2p16 (Human) 61000000 47500000 hg38 2p16.1 (Human) 61000000 54700000 hg38 2p16.1-p15 (Human) hg38 2p16.2 (Human) 54700000 52600000 hg38 2p16.3 (Human) 52600000 47500000 hg38 2p2 (Human) 47500000 0 hg38 2p21 (Human) 47500000 41500000 hg38 2p22 (Human) 41500000 31800000 hg38 2p22.1 (Human) 41500000 38300000 hg38 2p22.2 (Human) 38300000 36300000 hg38 2p22.3 (Human) 36300000 31800000 hg38 2p23 (Human) 31800000 23800000 hg38 2p23.1 (Human) 31800000 29800000 hg38 2p23.2 (Human) 29800000 27700000 hg38 2p23.3 (Human) 27700000 23800000 hg38 2p24 (Human) 23800000 12000000 hg38 2p24.1 (Human) 23800000 19000000 hg38 2p24.2 (Human) 19000000 16500000 hg38 2p24.3 (Human) 16500000 12000000 hg38 2p25 (Human) 12000000 0 hg38 2p25.1 (Human) 12000000 6900000 hg38 2p25.2 (Human) 6900000 4400000 hg38 2p25.3 (Human) 4400000 0 hg38 2q (Human) 242193529 93900000 hg38 2q1 (Human) 129100000 93900000 hg38 2q11 (Human) 102100000 93900000 hg38 2q11.1 (Human) 96000000 93900000 hg38 2q11.2 (Human) 102100000 96000000 hg38 2q12 (Human) 108700000 102100000 hg38 2q12.1 (Human) 105300000 102100000 hg38 2q12.2 (Human) 106700000 105300000 hg38 2q12.3 (Human) 108700000 106700000 hg38 2q13 (Human) 112200000 108700000 hg38 2q14 (Human) 129100000 112200000 hg38 2q14.1 (Human) 118100000 112200000 hg38 2q14.2 (Human) 121600000 118100000 hg38 2q14.3 (Human) 129100000 121600000 hg38 2q2 (Human) 168900000 129100000 hg38 2q21 (Human) 136100000 129100000 hg38 2q21.1 (Human) 131700000 129100000 hg38 2q21.2 (Human) 134300000 131700000 hg38 2q21.3 (Human) 136100000 134300000 hg38 2q22 (Human) 147900000 136100000 hg38 2q22.1 (Human) 141500000 136100000 hg38 2q22.2 (Human) 143400000 141500000 hg38 2q22.3 (Human) 147900000 143400000 hg38 2q23 (Human) 154000000 147900000 hg38 2q23.1 (Human) 149000000 147900000 hg38 2q23.2 (Human) 149600000 149000000 hg38 2q23.3 (Human) 154000000 149600000 hg38 2q24 (Human) 168900000 154000000 hg38 2q24.1 (Human) 158900000 154000000 hg38 2q24.2 (Human) 162900000 158900000 hg38 2q24.3 (Human) 168900000 162900000 hg38 2q3 (Human) 242193529 168900000 hg38 2q31 (Human) 182100000 168900000 hg38 2q31.1 (Human) 177100000 168900000 hg38 2q31.2 (Human) 179700000 177100000 hg38 2q31.3 (Human) 182100000 179700000 hg38 2q32 (Human) 196600000 182100000 hg38 2q32-q33 (Human) 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3p12.3 (Human) 79800000 74100000 hg38 3p13 (Human) 74100000 69700000 hg38 3p14 (Human) 69700000 54400000 hg38 3p14.1 (Human) 69700000 63800000 hg38 3p14.2 (Human) 63800000 58600000 hg38 3p14.3 (Human) 58600000 54400000 hg38 3p2 (Human) 54400000 0 hg38 3p21 (Human) 54400000 43600000 hg38 3p21.1 (Human) 54400000 52300000 hg38 3p21.2 (Human) 52300000 50600000 hg38 3p21.3 (Human) 50600000 43600000 hg38 3p21.31 (Human) 50600000 44200000 hg38 3p21.32 (Human) 44200000 44100000 hg38 3p21.33 (Human) 44100000 43600000 hg38 3p22 (Human) 43600000 32000000 hg38 3p22.1 (Human) 43600000 39300000 hg38 3p22.2 (Human) 39300000 36400000 hg38 3p22.3 (Human) 36400000 32000000 hg38 3p23 (Human) 32000000 30800000 hg38 3p24 (Human) 30800000 16300000 hg38 3p24.1 (Human) 30800000 26300000 hg38 3p24.2 (Human) 26300000 23800000 hg38 3p24.3 (Human) 23800000 16300000 hg38 3p25 (Human) 16300000 8100000 hg38 3p25.1 (Human) 16300000 13200000 hg38 3p25.2 (Human) 13200000 11600000 hg38 3p25.3 (Human) 11600000 8100000 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(Human) 126100000 124100000 hg38 3q21.3 (Human) 129500000 126100000 hg38 3q22 (Human) 139000000 129500000 hg38 3q22.1 (Human) 134000000 129500000 hg38 3q22.2 (Human) 136000000 134000000 hg38 3q22.3 (Human) 139000000 136000000 hg38 3q23 (Human) 143100000 139000000 hg38 3q24 (Human) 149200000 143100000 hg38 3q25 (Human) 161000000 149200000 hg38 3q25.1 (Human) 152300000 149200000 hg38 3q25.2 (Human) 155300000 152300000 hg38 3q25.3 (Human) 161000000 155300000 hg38 3q25.31 (Human) 157300000 155300000 hg38 3q25.32 (Human) 159300000 157300000 hg38 3q25.33 (Human) 161000000 159300000 hg38 3q26 (Human) 183000000 161000000 hg38 3q26.1 (Human) 167900000 161000000 hg38 3q26.2 (Human) 171200000 167900000 hg38 3q26.3 (Human) 183000000 171200000 hg38 3q26.31 (Human) 176000000 171200000 hg38 3q26.32 (Human) 179300000 176000000 hg38 3q26.33 (Human) 183000000 179300000 hg38 3q27 (Human) 188200000 183000000 hg38 3q27.1 (Human) 184800000 183000000 hg38 3q27.2 (Human) 186300000 184800000 hg38 3q27.3 (Human) 188200000 186300000 hg38 3q28 (Human) 192600000 188200000 hg38 3q29 (Human) 198295559 192600000 hg38 4 chromosome 4 (Human) 190214555 0 hg38 4p (Human) 50000000 0 hg38 4p1 (Human) 50000000 0 hg38 4p11 (Human) 50000000 48200000 hg38 4p12 (Human) 48200000 44600000 hg38 4p13 (Human) 44600000 41200000 hg38 4p14 (Human) 41200000 35800000 hg38 4p15 (Human) 35800000 11300000 hg38 4p15.1 (Human) 35800000 27700000 hg38 4p15.2 (Human) 27700000 21300000 hg38 4p15.3 (Human) 21300000 11300000 hg38 4p15.31 (Human) 21300000 17700000 hg38 4p15.32 (Human) 17700000 15000000 hg38 4p15.33 (Human) 15000000 11300000 hg38 4p16 (Human) 11300000 0 hg38 4p16.1 (Human) 11300000 6000000 hg38 4p16.2 (Human) 6000000 4500000 hg38 4p16.3 (Human) 4500000 0 hg38 4q (Human) 190214555 50000000 hg38 4q1 (Human) 75300000 50000000 hg38 4q11 (Human) 51800000 50000000 hg38 4q12 (Human) 58500000 51800000 hg38 4q13 (Human) 75300000 58500000 hg38 4q13.1 (Human) 65500000 58500000 hg38 4q13.2 (Human) 69400000 65500000 hg38 4q13.3 (Human) 75300000 69400000 hg38 4q2 (Human) 138500000 75300000 hg38 4q21 (Human) 87100000 75300000 hg38 4q21.1 (Human) 78000000 75300000 hg38 4q21.2 (Human) 86000000 78000000 hg38 4q21.21 (Human) 81500000 78000000 hg38 4q21.22 (Human) 83200000 81500000 hg38 4q21.23 (Human) 86000000 83200000 hg38 4q21.3 (Human) 87100000 86000000 hg38 4q22 (Human) 97900000 87100000 hg38 4q22.1 (Human) 92800000 87100000 hg38 4q22.2 (Human) 94200000 92800000 hg38 4q22.3 (Human) 97900000 94200000 hg38 4q23 (Human) 100100000 97900000 hg38 4q24 (Human) 106700000 100100000 hg38 4q25 (Human) 113200000 106700000 hg38 4q26 (Human) 119900000 113200000 hg38 4q27 (Human) 122800000 119900000 hg38 4q28 (Human) 138500000 122800000 hg38 4q28.1 (Human) 127900000 122800000 hg38 4q28.2 (Human) 130100000 127900000 hg38 4q28.3 (Human) 138500000 130100000 hg38 4q3 (Human) 190214555 138500000 hg38 4q31 (Human) 154600000 138500000 hg38 4q31.1 (Human) 140600000 138500000 hg38 4q31.2 (Human) 150200000 140600000 hg38 4q31.21 (Human) 145900000 140600000 hg38 4q31.22 (Human) 147500000 145900000 hg38 4q31.23 (Human) 150200000 147500000 hg38 4q31.3 (Human) 154600000 150200000 hg38 4q32 (Human) 169200000 154600000 hg38 4q32.1 (Human) 160800000 154600000 hg38 4q32.2 (Human) 163600000 160800000 hg38 4q32.3 (Human) 169200000 163600000 hg38 4q33 (Human) 171000000 169200000 hg38 4q34 (Human) 182300000 171000000 hg38 4q34.1 (Human) 175400000 171000000 hg38 4q34.2 (Human) 176600000 175400000 hg38 4q34.3 (Human) 182300000 176600000 hg38 4q35 (Human) 190214555 182300000 hg38 4q35.1 (Human) 186200000 182300000 hg38 4q35.2 (Human) 190214555 186200000 hg38 5 chromosome 5 (Human) 181538259 0 hg38 5p (Human) 48800000 0 hg38 5p1 (Human) 48800000 0 hg38 5p11 (Human) 48800000 46100000 hg38 5p12 (Human) 46100000 42500000 hg38 5p13 (Human) 42500000 28900000 hg38 5p13.1 (Human) 42500000 38400000 hg38 5p13.2 (Human) 38400000 33800000 hg38 5p13.3 (Human) 33800000 28900000 hg38 5p14 (Human) 28900000 18400000 hg38 5p14.1 (Human) 28900000 24600000 hg38 5p14.2 (Human) 24600000 23300000 hg38 5p14.3 (Human) 23300000 18400000 hg38 5p15 (Human) 18400000 0 hg38 5p15.1 (Human) 18400000 15000000 hg38 5p15.2 (Human) 15000000 9900000 hg38 5p15.3 (Human) 9900000 0 hg38 5p15.31 (Human) 9900000 6300000 hg38 5p15.32 (Human) 6300000 4400000 hg38 5p15.33 (Human) 4400000 0 hg38 5q (Human) 181538259 48800000 hg38 5q1 (Human) 98900000 48800000 hg38 5q11 (Human) 59600000 48800000 hg38 5q11.1 (Human) 51400000 48800000 hg38 5q11.2 (Human) 59600000 51400000 hg38 5q12 (Human) 67400000 59600000 hg38 5q12.1 (Human) 63600000 59600000 hg38 5q12.2 (Human) 63900000 63600000 hg38 5q12.3 (Human) 67400000 63900000 hg38 5q13 (Human) 77600000 67400000 hg38 5q13.1 (Human) 69100000 67400000 hg38 5q13.2 (Human) 74000000 69100000 hg38 5q13.3 (Human) 77600000 74000000 hg38 5q14 (Human) 93000000 77600000 hg38 5q14.1 (Human) 82100000 77600000 hg38 5q14.2 (Human) 83500000 82100000 hg38 5q14.3 (Human) 93000000 83500000 hg38 5q15 (Human) 98900000 93000000 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117900000 114200000 hg38 6q22.2 (Human) 118100000 117900000 hg38 6q22.3 (Human) 130000000 118100000 hg38 6q22.31 (Human) 125800000 118100000 hg38 6q22.32 (Human) 126800000 125800000 hg38 6q22.33 (Human) 130000000 126800000 hg38 6q23 (Human) 138300000 130000000 hg38 6q23.1 (Human) 130900000 130000000 hg38 6q23.2 (Human) 134700000 130900000 hg38 6q23.3 (Human) 138300000 134700000 hg38 6q24 (Human) 148500000 138300000 hg38 6q24-q25 (Human) hg38 6q24.1 (Human) 142200000 138300000 hg38 6q24.2 (Human) 145100000 142200000 hg38 6q24.3 (Human) 148500000 145100000 hg38 6q25 (Human) 160600000 148500000 hg38 6q25.1 (Human) 152100000 148500000 hg38 6q25.2 (Human) 155200000 152100000 hg38 6q25.3 (Human) 160600000 155200000 hg38 6q26 (Human) 164100000 160600000 hg38 6q27 (Human) 170805979 164100000 hg38 7 chromosome 7 (Human) 159345973 0 hg38 7p (Human) 60100000 0 hg38 7p1 (Human) 60100000 20900000 hg38 7p11 (Human) 60100000 53900000 hg38 7p11.1 (Human) 60100000 58100000 hg38 7p11.2 (Human) 58100000 53900000 hg38 7p11.2-p13 (Human) hg38 7p12 (Human) 53900000 45400000 hg38 7p12.1 (Human) 53900000 50500000 hg38 7p12.2 (Human) 50500000 49000000 hg38 7p12.3 (Human) 49000000 45400000 hg38 7p13 (Human) 45400000 43300000 hg38 7p14 (Human) 43300000 28800000 hg38 7p14.1 (Human) 43300000 37100000 hg38 7p14.2 (Human) 37100000 34900000 hg38 7p14.3 (Human) 34900000 28800000 hg38 7p15 (Human) 28800000 20900000 hg38 7p15.1 (Human) 28800000 27900000 hg38 7p15.2 (Human) 27900000 25500000 hg38 7p15.3 (Human) 25500000 20900000 hg38 7p2 (Human) 20900000 0 hg38 7p21 (Human) 20900000 7200000 hg38 7p21.1 (Human) 20900000 16500000 hg38 7p21.2 (Human) 16500000 13700000 hg38 7p21.3 (Human) 13700000 7200000 hg38 7p22 (Human) 7200000 0 hg38 7p22.1 (Human) 7200000 4500000 hg38 7p22.2 (Human) 4500000 2800000 hg38 7p22.3 (Human) 2800000 0 hg38 7q (Human) 159345973 60100000 hg38 7q1 (Human) 77900000 60100000 hg38 7q11 (Human) 77900000 60100000 hg38 7q11.1 (Human) 62100000 60100000 hg38 7q11.2 (Human) 77900000 62100000 hg38 7q11.21 (Human) 67500000 62100000 hg38 7q11.22 (Human) 72700000 67500000 hg38 7q11.23 (Human) 77900000 72700000 hg38 7q2 (Human) 107800000 77900000 hg38 7q21 (Human) 98400000 77900000 hg38 7q21.1 (Human) 91500000 77900000 hg38 7q21.11 (Human) 86700000 77900000 hg38 7q21.12 (Human) 88500000 86700000 hg38 7q21.13 (Human) 91500000 88500000 hg38 7q21.2 (Human) 93300000 91500000 hg38 7q21.3 (Human) 98400000 93300000 hg38 7q22 (Human) 107800000 98400000 hg38 7q22.1 (Human) 104200000 98400000 hg38 7q22.2 (Human) 104900000 104200000 hg38 7q22.3 (Human) 107800000 104900000 hg38 7q3 (Human) 159345973 107800000 hg38 7q31 (Human) 127500000 107800000 hg38 7q31.1 (Human) 115000000 107800000 hg38 7q31.2 (Human) 117700000 115000000 hg38 7q31.3 (Human) 127500000 117700000 hg38 7q31.31 (Human) 121400000 117700000 hg38 7q31.32 (Human) 124100000 121400000 hg38 7q31.33 (Human) 127500000 124100000 hg38 7q32 (Human) 132900000 127500000 hg38 7q32.1 (Human) 129600000 127500000 hg38 7q32.2 (Human) 130800000 129600000 hg38 7q32.3 (Human) 132900000 130800000 hg38 7q33 (Human) 138500000 132900000 hg38 7q34 (Human) 143400000 138500000 hg38 7q35 (Human) 148200000 143400000 hg38 7q36 (Human) 159345973 148200000 hg38 7q36.1 (Human) 152800000 148200000 hg38 7q36.2 (Human) 155200000 152800000 hg38 7q36.3 (Human) 159345973 155200000 hg38 8 chromosome 8 (Human) 145138636 0 hg38 8p (Human) 45200000 0 hg38 8p1 (Human) 45200000 29000000 hg38 8p11 (Human) 45200000 36700000 hg38 8p11.1 (Human) 45200000 43200000 hg38 8p11.2 (Human) 43200000 36700000 hg38 8p11.21 (Human) 43200000 39900000 hg38 8p11.22 (Human) 39900000 38500000 hg38 8p11.23 (Human) 38500000 36700000 hg38 8p12 (Human) 36700000 29000000 hg38 8p2 (Human) 29000000 0 hg38 8p21 (Human) 29000000 19200000 hg38 8p21.1 (Human) 29000000 27500000 hg38 8p21.2 (Human) 27500000 23500000 hg38 8p21.3 (Human) 23500000 19200000 hg38 8p22 (Human) 19200000 12800000 hg38 8p23 (Human) 12800000 0 hg38 8p23.1 (Human) 12800000 6300000 hg38 8p23.2 (Human) 6300000 2300000 hg38 8p23.3 (Human) 2300000 0 hg38 8q (Human) 145138636 45200000 hg38 8q1 (Human) 72000000 45200000 hg38 8q11 (Human) 54600000 45200000 hg38 8q11.1 (Human) 47200000 45200000 hg38 8q11.2 (Human) 54600000 47200000 hg38 8q11.21 (Human) 51300000 47200000 hg38 8q11.22 (Human) 51700000 51300000 hg38 8q11.23 (Human) 54600000 51700000 hg38 8q12 (Human) 65100000 54600000 hg38 8q12.1 (Human) 60600000 54600000 hg38 8q12.1-q21.2 (Human) hg38 8q12.2 (Human) 61300000 60600000 hg38 8q12.3 (Human) 65100000 61300000 hg38 8q13 (Human) 72000000 65100000 hg38 8q13.1 (Human) 67100000 65100000 hg38 8q13.2 (Human) 69600000 67100000 hg38 8q13.3 (Human) 72000000 69600000 hg38 8q2 (Human) 145138636 72000000 hg38 8q21 (Human) 92300000 72000000 hg38 8q21.1 (Human) 83500000 72000000 hg38 8q21.11 (Human) 74600000 72000000 hg38 8q21.12 (Human) 74700000 74600000 hg38 8q21.13 (Human) 83500000 74700000 hg38 8q21.2 (Human) 85900000 83500000 hg38 8q21.3 (Human) 92300000 85900000 hg38 8q22 (Human) 105100000 92300000 hg38 8q22.1 (Human) 97900000 92300000 hg38 8q22.2 (Human) 100500000 97900000 hg38 8q22.3 (Human) 105100000 100500000 hg38 8q23 (Human) 116700000 105100000 hg38 8q23.1 (Human) 109500000 105100000 hg38 8q23.2 (Human) 111100000 109500000 hg38 8q23.3 (Human) 116700000 111100000 hg38 8q24 (Human) 145138636 116700000 hg38 8q24.1 (Human) 126300000 116700000 hg38 8q24.11 (Human) 118300000 116700000 hg38 8q24.12 (Human) 121500000 118300000 hg38 8q24.13 (Human) 126300000 121500000 hg38 8q24.2 (Human) 138900000 126300000 hg38 8q24.21 (Human) 130400000 126300000 hg38 8q24.22 (Human) 135400000 130400000 hg38 8q24.23 (Human) 138900000 135400000 hg38 8q24.3 (Human) 145138636 138900000 hg38 9 chromosome 9 (Human) 138394717 0 hg38 9p (Human) 43000000 0 hg38 9p1 (Human) 43000000 33200000 hg38 9p11 (Human) 43000000 40000000 hg38 9p11.1 (Human) 43000000 42200000 hg38 9p11.2 (Human) 42200000 40000000 hg38 9p12 (Human) 40000000 39000000 hg38 9p13 (Human) 39000000 33200000 hg38 9p13.1 (Human) 39000000 37900000 hg38 9p13.2 (Human) 37900000 36300000 hg38 9p13.3 (Human) 36300000 33200000 hg38 9p2 (Human) 33200000 0 hg38 9p21 (Human) 33200000 19900000 hg38 9p21.1 (Human) 33200000 28000000 hg38 9p21.2 (Human) 28000000 25600000 hg38 9p21.3 (Human) 25600000 19900000 hg38 9p22 (Human) 19900000 14200000 hg38 9p22.1 (Human) 19900000 18500000 hg38 9p22.2 (Human) 18500000 16600000 hg38 9p22.3 (Human) 16600000 14200000 hg38 9p23 (Human) 14200000 9000000 hg38 9p24 (Human) 9000000 0 hg38 9p24.1 (Human) 9000000 4600000 hg38 9p24.2 (Human) 4600000 2200000 hg38 9p24.3 (Human) 2200000 0 hg38 9q (Human) 138394717 43000000 hg38 9q1 (Human) 65000000 43000000 hg38 9q11 (Human) 45500000 43000000 hg38 9q12 (Human) 61500000 45500000 hg38 9q13 (Human) 65000000 61500000 hg38 9q2 (Human) 99800000 65000000 hg38 9q21 (Human) 87800000 65000000 hg38 9q21.1 (Human) 76600000 65000000 hg38 9q21.11 (Human) 69300000 65000000 hg38 9q21.12 (Human) 71300000 69300000 hg38 9q21.13 (Human) 76600000 71300000 hg38 9q21.2 (Human) 78500000 76600000 hg38 9q21.3 (Human) 87800000 78500000 hg38 9q21.31 (Human) 81500000 78500000 hg38 9q21.32 (Human) 84300000 81500000 hg38 9q21.33 (Human) 87800000 84300000 hg38 9q22 (Human) 99800000 87800000 hg38 9q22.1 (Human) 89200000 87800000 hg38 9q22.2 (Human) 91200000 89200000 hg38 9q22.3 (Human) 99800000 91200000 hg38 9q22.31 (Human) 93900000 91200000 hg38 9q22.32 (Human) 96500000 93900000 hg38 9q22.33 (Human) 99800000 96500000 hg38 9q3 (Human) 138394717 99800000 hg38 9q31 (Human) 112100000 99800000 hg38 9q31.1 (Human) 105400000 99800000 hg38 9q31.1-q31.3 (Human) hg38 9q31.2 (Human) 108500000 105400000 hg38 9q31.3 (Human) 112100000 108500000 hg38 9q32 (Human) 114900000 112100000 hg38 9q33 (Human) 127500000 114900000 hg38 9q33.1 (Human) 119800000 114900000 hg38 9q33.2 (Human) 123100000 119800000 hg38 9q33.3 (Human) 127500000 123100000 hg38 9q33.3-q34.11 (Human) hg38 9q34 (Human) 138394717 127500000 hg38 9q34.1 (Human) 133100000 127500000 hg38 9q34.11 (Human) 130600000 127500000 hg38 9q34.12 (Human) 131100000 130600000 hg38 9q34.13 (Human) 133100000 131100000 hg38 9q34.2 (Human) 134500000 133100000 hg38 9q34.3 (Human) 138394717 134500000 hg38 MT chromosome M (Human) 16569 0 hg38 X chromosome X (Human) 156040895 0 hg38 Xp (Human) 61000000 0 hg38 Xp1 (Human) 61000000 37800000 hg38 Xp11 (Human) 61000000 37800000 hg38 Xp11.1 (Human) 61000000 58100000 hg38 Xp11.2 (Human) 58100000 47600000 hg38 Xp11.21 (Human) 58100000 54800000 hg38 Xp11.22 (Human) 54800000 50100000 hg38 Xp11.23 (Human) 50100000 47600000 hg38 Xp11.23-p11.22 (Human) hg38 Xp11.3 (Human) 47600000 42500000 hg38 Xp11.4 (Human) 42500000 37800000 hg38 Xp2 (Human) 37800000 0 hg38 Xp21 (Human) 37800000 24900000 hg38 Xp21.1 (Human) 37800000 31500000 hg38 Xp21.2 (Human) 31500000 29300000 hg38 Xp21.3 (Human) 29300000 24900000 hg38 Xp22 (Human) 24900000 0 hg38 Xp22.1 (Human) 24900000 17400000 hg38 Xp22.11 (Human) 24900000 21900000 hg38 Xp22.12 (Human) 21900000 19200000 hg38 Xp22.13 (Human) 19200000 17400000 hg38 Xp22.13-p22.2 (Human) hg38 Xp22.2 (Human) 17400000 9600000 hg38 Xp22.3 (Human) 9600000 0 hg38 Xp22.31 (Human) 9600000 6100000 hg38 Xp22.32 (Human) 6100000 4400000 hg38 Xp22.33 (Human) 4400000 0 hg38 Xq (Human) 156040895 61000000 hg38 Xq1 (Human) 76800000 61000000 hg38 Xq11 (Human) 65400000 61000000 hg38 Xq11.1 (Human) 63800000 61000000 hg38 Xq11.2 (Human) 65400000 63800000 hg38 Xq12 (Human) 68500000 65400000 hg38 Xq12-q13.3 (Human) hg38 Xq13 (Human) 76800000 68500000 hg38 Xq13.1 (Human) 73000000 68500000 hg38 Xq13.2 (Human) 74700000 73000000 hg38 Xq13.3 (Human) 76800000 74700000 hg38 Xq2 (Human) 156040895 76800000 hg38 Xq21 (Human) 99100000 76800000 hg38 Xq21.1 (Human) 85400000 76800000 hg38 Xq21.2 (Human) 87000000 85400000 hg38 Xq21.3 (Human) 99100000 87000000 hg38 Xq21.31 (Human) 92700000 87000000 hg38 Xq21.32 (Human) 94300000 92700000 hg38 Xq21.33 (Human) 99100000 94300000 hg38 Xq22 (Human) 109400000 99100000 hg38 Xq22.1 (Human) 103300000 99100000 hg38 Xq22.2 (Human) 104500000 103300000 hg38 Xq22.3 (Human) 109400000 104500000 hg38 Xq23 (Human) 117400000 109400000 hg38 Xq24 (Human) 121800000 117400000 hg38 Xq25 (Human) 129500000 121800000 hg38 Xq26 (Human) 138900000 129500000 hg38 Xq26.1 (Human) 131300000 129500000 hg38 Xq26.2 (Human) 134500000 131300000 hg38 Xq26.3 (Human) 138900000 134500000 hg38 Xq27 (Human) 148000000 138900000 hg38 Xq27.1 (Human) 141200000 138900000 hg38 Xq27.2 (Human) 143000000 141200000 hg38 Xq27.3 (Human) 148000000 143000000 hg38 Xq27.3-q28 (Human) hg38 Xq28 (Human) 156040895 148000000 hg38 Y chromosome Y (Human) 57227415 0 hg38 Yp (Human) 10400000 0 hg38 Yp1 (Human) 10400000 0 hg38 Yp11 (Human) 10400000 0 hg38 Yp11.1 (Human) 10400000 10300000 hg38 Yp11.2 (Human) 10300000 600000 hg38 Yp11.3 (Human) 600000 0 hg38 Yp11.31 (Human) 600000 300000 hg38 Yp11.32 (Human) 300000 0 hg38 Yq (Human) 57227415 10400000 hg38 Yq1 (Human) 57227415 10400000 hg38 Yq11 (Human) 26600000 10400000 hg38 Yq11.1 (Human) 10600000 10400000 hg38 Yq11.2 (Human) 26600000 10600000 hg38 Yq11.21 (Human) 12400000 10600000 hg38 Yq11.22 (Human) 23800000 12400000 hg38 Yq11.221 (Human) 17100000 12400000 hg38 Yq11.222 (Human) 19600000 17100000 hg38 Yq11.223 (Human) 23800000 19600000 hg38 Yq11.23 (Human) 26600000 23800000 hg38 Yq12 (Human) 57227415 26600000 hg38 A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact. nuclear interphase chromosome cellular_component GO:0000228 nuclear chromosome A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact. GOC:dph GOC:mah A chromosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell. NIF_Subcellular:sao1186327184 mitochondrial DNA mtDNA cellular_component mitochondrial genome GO:0000262 mitochondrial chromosome A chromosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell. GOC:mah A chromosome involved in sex determination. cellular_component GO:0000803 sex chromosome A chromosome involved in sex determination. GOC:elh The sex chromosome present in females of species in which the female is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the Z chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The W chromosome is absent from the cells of males and present in one copy in the somatic cells of females. Wikipedia:ZW_sex-determination_system cellular_component GO:0000804 W chromosome The sex chromosome present in females of species in which the female is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the Z chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The W chromosome is absent from the cells of males and present in one copy in the somatic cells of females. GOC:mah GOC:mr ISBN:0321000382 PMID:20622855 The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the X chromosome are present in each somatic cell of females and one copy is present in males. Wikipedia:X_chromosome cellular_component GO:0000805 X chromosome The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the X chromosome are present in each somatic cell of females and one copy is present in males. GOC:mah GOC:mr ISBN:0582227089 PMID:20622855 Wikipedia:XY_sex-determination_system The sex chromosome present in males of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the X chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The Y chromosome is absent from the cells of females and present in one copy in the somatic cells of males. Wikipedia:Y_chromosome cellular_component GO:0000806 Y chromosome The sex chromosome present in males of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the X chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The Y chromosome is absent from the cells of females and present in one copy in the somatic cells of males. GOC:mah GOC:mr ISBN:0582227089 PMID:20622855 Wikipedia:XY_sex-determination_system The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the female is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the Z chromosome are present in each somatic cell of males and one copy is present in females. Wikipedia:ZW_sex-determination_system cellular_component GO:0000807 Z chromosome The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the female is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the Z chromosome are present in each somatic cell of males and one copy is present in females. GOC:mah GOC:mr ISBN:0321000382 PMID:20622855 A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. molecular function GO:0003674 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the molecular function ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose molecular function is unknown. When this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the molecular function of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code 'no data' (ND), is used to indicate this. Despite its name, this is not a type of 'function' in the sense typically defined by upper ontologies such as Basic Formal Ontology (BFO). It is instead a BFO:process carried out by a single gene product or complex. This is the same as GO molecular function gene product or complex activity molecular_function A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. GOC:pdt A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine. There are three types of cellular components described in the gene ontology: (1) the cellular anatomical entity where a gene product carries out a molecular function (e.g., plasma membrane, cytoskeleton) or membrane-enclosed compartments (e.g., mitochondrion); (2) virion components, where viral proteins act, and (3) the stable macromolecular complexes of which gene product are parts (e.g., the clathrin complex). https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/17729 GO:0008372 NIF_Subcellular:sao1337158144 cell or subcellular entity cellular component cellular_component subcellular entity GO:0005575 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the cellular component ontology, this term is recommended for the annotation of gene products whose cellular component is unknown. When this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the cellular component of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code 'no data' (ND), is used to indicate this. cellular_component A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine. There are three types of cellular components described in the gene ontology: (1) the cellular anatomical entity where a gene product carries out a molecular function (e.g., plasma membrane, cytoskeleton) or membrane-enclosed compartments (e.g., mitochondrion); (2) virion components, where viral proteins act, and (3) the stable macromolecular complexes of which gene product are parts (e.g., the clathrin complex). GOC:pdt subcellular entity NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100315 A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/17776 Wikipedia:Intracellular internal to cell intracellular protoplasm cellular_component nucleocytoplasm protoplast GO:0005622 intracellular anatomical structure A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. ISBN:0198506732 nucleocytoplasm GOC:mah protoplast GOC:mah A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. NIF_Subcellular:sao1702920020 Wikipedia:Cell_nucleus cell nucleus horsetail nucleus cellular_component GO:0005634 cell nucleus nucleus A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. GOC:go_curators horsetail nucleus GOC:al GOC:mah GOC:vw PMID:15030757 The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). GO:0005636 Wikipedia:Nuclear_envelope cellular_component GO:0005635 nuclear envelope The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). ISBN:0198547684 A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. Wikipedia:Chromosome interphase chromosome prophase chromosome cellular_component chromatid GO:0005694 Chromosomes include parts that are not part of the chromatin. Examples include the kinetochore. chromosome A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. ISBN:0198547684 The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/23023 Wikipedia:Cytoplasm cellular_component GO:0005737 cytoplasm The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. ISBN:0198547684 A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. NIF_Subcellular:sao1860313010 Wikipedia:Mitochondrion mitochondria cellular_component GO:0005739 Some anaerobic or microaerophilic organisms (e.g. Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis and several Microsporidia species) do not have mitochondria, and contain mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) instead, called mitosomes or hydrogenosomes, very likely derived from mitochondria. To annotate gene products located in these mitochondrial relics in species such as Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis or others, please use GO:0032047 'mitosome' or GO:0042566 'hydrogenosome'. (See PMID:24316280 for a list of species currently known to contain mitochondrion-related organelles.) mitochondrion A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. GOC:giardia ISBN:0198506732 The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space. cellular_component GO:0005740 mitochondrial envelope The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space. GOC:ai GOC:pz The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. GO:0031980 NIF_Subcellular:sao1804523077 Wikipedia:Mitochondrial_matrix mitochondrial lumen mitochondrial stroma cellular_component GO:0005759 mitochondrial matrix The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. GOC:as ISBN:0198506732 A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. Wikipedia:Vacuole cellular_component vacuolar carboxypeptidase Y GO:0005773 vacuole A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. GOC:mtg_sensu ISBN:0198506732 The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane. cellular_component GO:0005775 vacuolar lumen The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane. ISBN:0198506732 The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. NIF_Subcellular:sao101633890 Wikipedia:Cytosol cellular_component GO:0005829 cytosol The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. GOC:hjd GOC:jl The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. GO:0005887 GO:0005904 juxtamembrane NIF_Subcellular:sao1663586795 Wikipedia:Cell_membrane cell membrane cellular membrane cytoplasmic membrane plasmalemma bacterial inner membrane inner endospore membrane integral component of plasma membrane integral to plasma membrane plasma membrane lipid bilayer cellular_component GO:0005886 plasma membrane The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. ISBN:0716731363 cellular membrane NIF_Subcellular:sao6433132645 plasma membrane lipid bilayer GOC:mah The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/26298 Wikipedia:Cell_cortex ectoplasm cellular_component cell periphery peripheral cytoplasm GO:0005938 cell cortex The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. GOC:mah ISBN:0815316194 A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. A process that emerges from two or more causally-connected macromolecular activities and has evolved to achieve a biological objective. jl 2012-09-19T15:05:24Z Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process physiological process single organism process single-organism process GO:0008150 A biological process is an evolved process Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. When this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code 'no data' (ND), is used to indicate this. biological process biological_process A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. GOC:pdt The region of a virus, bacterial cell, mitochondrion or chloroplast to which the nucleic acid is confined. Wikipedia:Nucleoid cellular_component GO:0009295 nucleoid The region of a virus, bacterial cell, mitochondrion or chloroplast to which the nucleic acid is confined. GOC:bm GOC:ma ISBN:3540076689 A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma. Wikipedia:Chloroplast cellular_component GO:0009507 chloroplast A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma. ISBN:0471245208 A circular DNA molecule containing plastid encoded genes. cellular_component GO:0009508 plastid chromosome A circular DNA molecule containing plastid encoded genes. ISBN:0943088399 The double lipid bilayer enclosing a plastid and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space. cellular_component GO:0009526 plastid envelope The double lipid bilayer enclosing a plastid and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space. GOC:jy The proteinaceous ground substance of plastids. cellular_component GO:0009532 plastid stroma The proteinaceous ground substance of plastids. ISBN:0943088399 Any member of a family of organelles found in the cytoplasm of plants and some protists, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA. Plant plastids develop from a common type, the proplastid. Wikipedia:Plastid cellular_component GO:0009536 plastid Any member of a family of organelles found in the cytoplasm of plants and some protists, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA. Plant plastids develop from a common type, the proplastid. GOC:jl ISBN:0198547684 The space enclosed by the double membrane of a chloroplast but excluding the thylakoid space. It contains DNA, ribosomes and some temporary products of photosynthesis. cellular_component GO:0009570 chloroplast stroma The space enclosed by the double membrane of a chloroplast but excluding the thylakoid space. It contains DNA, ribosomes and some temporary products of photosynthesis. ISBN:0198547684 A collection of membranous structures involved in transport within the cell. The main components of the endomembrane system are endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vesicles, cell membrane and nuclear envelope. Members of the endomembrane system pass materials through each other or though the use of vesicles. Wikipedia:Endomembrane_system cellular_component GO:0012505 endomembrane system A collection of membranous structures involved in transport within the cell. The main components of the endomembrane system are endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vesicles, cell membrane and nuclear envelope. Members of the endomembrane system pass materials through each other or though the use of vesicles. GOC:lh A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. 2014-03-06T11:37:54Z GO:0016021 GO:0098589 GO:0098805 Wikipedia:Biological_membrane Wikipedia:Transmembrane_protein integral component of membrane integral to membrane membrane region region of membrane whole membrane cellular_component transmembrane GO:0016020 membrane A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. GOC:dos GOC:mah ISBN:0815316194 transmembrane GOC:mah true Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. Reactome:R-HSA-6788855 Reactome:R-HSA-6788867 phosphokinase activity GO:0016301 Note that this term encompasses all activities that transfer a single phosphate group; although ATP is by far the most common phosphate donor, reactions using other phosphate donors are included in this term. kinase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. ISBN:0198506732 Reactome:R-HSA-6788855 FN3KRP phosphorylates PsiAm, RibAm Reactome:R-HSA-6788867 FN3K phosphorylates ketosamines Any chromosome other than a sex chromosome. Wikipedia:Autosome cellular_component GO:0030849 Note that this term is mainly relevant in organisms that have both sex chromosomes and non-sex-determining chromosomes in an individual organism. autosome Any chromosome other than a sex chromosome. GOC:mah A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle. NIF_Subcellular:sao830981606 cellular_component intracellular membrane GO:0031090 organelle membrane A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle. GOC:dos GOC:mah intracellular membrane NIF_Subcellular:sao830981606 Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space. NIF_Subcellular:sao1687101204 cellular_component GO:0031965 nuclear membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space. GOC:mah GOC:pz Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. NIF_Subcellular:sao1045389829 cellular_component GO:0031966 mitochondrial membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. GOC:mah NIF_Subcellular:sao1045389829 A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes. cellular_component GO:0031967 organelle envelope A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes. GOC:mah GOC:pz The enclosed volume within a sealed membrane or between two sealed membranes. Encompasses the volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the space between the two lipid bilayers of a double membrane surrounding an organelle, e.g. nuclear envelope lumen. cellular_component GO:0031974 membrane-enclosed lumen The enclosed volume within a sealed membrane or between two sealed membranes. Encompasses the volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the space between the two lipid bilayers of a double membrane surrounding an organelle, e.g. nuclear envelope lumen. GOC:add GOC:mah The volume enclosed by the nuclear inner membrane. cellular_component GO:0031981 nuclear lumen The volume enclosed by the nuclear inner membrane. GOC:mah GOC:pz Either of the lipid bilayers that surround a plastid and form the plastid envelope. cellular_component GO:0042170 plastid membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround a plastid and form the plastid envelope. GOC:mah The region of a chloroplast to which the DNA is confined. cellular_component GO:0042644 chloroplast nucleoid The region of a chloroplast to which the DNA is confined. GOC:jl The region of a mitochondrion to which the DNA is confined. cellular_component GO:0042645 mitochondrial nucleoid The region of a mitochondrion to which the DNA is confined. GOC:jl The region of a plastid to which the DNA is confined. cellular_component GO:0042646 plastid nucleoid The region of a plastid to which the DNA is confined. GOC:jl A circular DNA molecule containing chloroplast encoded genes. cellular_component GO:0042648 chloroplast chromosome A circular DNA molecule containing chloroplast encoded genes. GOC:jl Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. NIF_Subcellular:sao1539965131 Wikipedia:Organelle cellular_component GO:0043226 organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. GOC:go_curators Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. NIF_Subcellular:sao414196390 membrane-enclosed organelle cellular_component GO:0043227 membrane-bounded organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. GOC:go_curators Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/21881 NIF_Subcellular:sao1456184038 non-membrane-enclosed organelle cellular_component biological condensate GO:0043228 non-membrane-bounded organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. GOC:go_curators Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. cellular_component GO:0043229 intracellular organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. GOC:go_curators Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. intracellular membrane-enclosed organelle cellular_component GO:0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. GOC:go_curators Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. intracellular non-membrane-enclosed organelle cellular_component GO:0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. GOC:go_curators The internal volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle; includes the volume enclosed by a single organelle membrane, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the volume enclosed by the innermost of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope, e.g. nuclear lumen. cellular_component GO:0043233 organelle lumen The internal volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle; includes the volume enclosed by a single organelle membrane, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the volume enclosed by the innermost of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope, e.g. nuclear lumen. GOC:jl GOC:mah An organelle lumen that is part of an intracellular organelle. cellular_component GO:0070013 intracellular organelle lumen An organelle lumen that is part of an intracellular organelle. GOC:mah The broad region around and including the plasma membrane of a cell, encompassing the cell cortex (inside the cell), the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures. mah 2010-10-04T01:51:47Z cellular_component GO:0071944 cell periphery The broad region around and including the plasma membrane of a cell, encompassing the cell cortex (inside the cell), the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures. GOC:pdt A membrane that is a (regional) part of the plasma membrane. dos 2014-03-06T11:55:32Z region of plasma membrane cellular_component GO:0098590 Note that this term should not be used for direct manual annotation as it should always be possible to choose a more specific subclass. plasma membrane region A membrane that is a (regional) part of the plasma membrane. GOC:dos Any subdivision of a chromosome along its length. chromosome region cellular_component GO:0098687 Chromosomal regions include parts that are not part of the chromatin. Examples include the kinetochore. chromosomal region Any subdivision of a chromosome along its length. GOC:dos Any (proper) part of the cytosol of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytosol. region of cytosol cellular_component GO:0099522 cytosolic region Any (proper) part of the cytosol of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytosol. GOC:dos Any (proper) part of the cytoplasm of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytoplasm. cellular_component GO:0099568 cytoplasmic region Any (proper) part of the cytoplasm of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytoplasm. GOC:dos The complete extent of cell cortex that underlies some some region of the plasma membrane. perimembrane region cellular_component GO:0099738 cell cortex region The complete extent of cell cortex that underlies some some region of the plasma membrane. GOC:dos A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/24200 https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/26424 kmv 2019-08-12T18:01:37Z cellular_component GO:0110165 cellular anatomical entity A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. GOC:kmv curation status specification The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting) PERSON:Bill Bug GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> OBI_0000266 curation status specification GC_ID:1 PMID:30365038 PMID:32761142 ncbi_taxonomy all NCBITaxon:1 root all GC_ID:1 PMID:15371245 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:10066 Muridae GC_ID:1 Mus mice mouse ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:10088 Mus <genus> Mus mice mouse NCBITaxon:85055 GC_ID:1 house mouse mouse ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:10090 Mus musculus house mouse mouse GC_ID:1 rat rats ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:10114 Rattus rat rats NCBITaxon:36465 GC_ID:1 Norway rat brown rat rat rats ncbi_taxonomy Mus norvegicus NCBITaxon:10116 Rattus norvegicus Norway rat brown rat rat rats Mus norvegicus GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:117570 Teleostomi NCBITaxon:40673 GC_ID:1 bony vertebrates ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:117571 Euteleostomi bony vertebrates NCBITaxon:27837 GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Adenophorea NCBITaxon:119089 Chromadorea Adenophorea GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:1206794 Ecdysozoa GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy biota NCBITaxon:131567 cellular organisms biota GC_ID:1 PMID:22839753 PMID:25450099 ncbi_taxonomy Archosauria-Testudines Testudines + Archosauria group NCBITaxon:1329799 Archelosauria Archosauria-Testudines Testudines + Archosauria group GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:1338369 Dipnotetrapodomorpha GC_ID:1 PMID:11743200 PMID:11791233 ncbi_taxonomy Boreotheria NCBITaxon:1437010 Boreoeutheria Boreotheria GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:1489341 Osteoglossocephalai GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Galloanseri ducks, geese, chickens, fowl, quail, currasows and allies NCBITaxon:1549675 Galloanserae Galloanseri ducks, geese, chickens, fowl, quail, currasows and allies GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:186623 Actinopteri GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:186625 Clupeocephala GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Otophysa NCBITaxon:186626 Otophysi Otophysa GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Cypriniphysi NCBITaxon:186627 Cypriniphysae Cypriniphysi GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Ostarioclupeomorpha Otocephala NCBITaxon:186634 Otomorpha Ostarioclupeomorpha Otocephala GC_ID:1 mice and others ncbi_taxonomy Sciurognathi NCBITaxon:1963758 Myomorpha mice and others Sciurognathi GC_ID:1 Callithrix ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:1965096 Callithrix <subgenus> Callithrix GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Homo/Pan/Gorilla group NCBITaxon:207598 Homininae Homo/Pan/Gorilla group GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:2301116 Rhabditina GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:2301119 Rhabditomorpha GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:2743709 Danionidae GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:2743711 Danioninae GC_ID:1 PMID:23020233 PMID:30257078 eucaryotes eukaryotes ncbi_taxonomy Eucarya Eucaryotae Eukarya Eukaryotae eukaryotes NCBITaxon:2759 Eukaryota eucaryotes eukaryotes Eucarya Eucaryotae Eukarya Eukaryotae eukaryotes GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Cyprinoidea NCBITaxon:30727 Cyprinoidei Cyprinoidea GC_ID:1 PMID:11214319 PMID:12082125 PMID:12878460 PMID:15522813 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:314146 Euarchontoglires GC_ID:1 PMID:11214319 PMID:12082125 PMID:15522813 Rodents and rabbits ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:314147 Glires Rodents and rabbits GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Anthropoidea NCBITaxon:314293 Simiiformes Anthropoidea GC_ID:1 ape apes ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:314295 Hominoidea ape apes GC_ID:1 teleost fishes ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:32443 Teleostei teleost fishes GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:32519 Ostariophysi GC_ID:1 tetrapods ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:32523 Tetrapoda tetrapods GC_ID:1 amniotes ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:32524 Amniota amniotes GC_ID:1 Theria ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:32525 Theria <mammals> Theria GC_ID:1 diapsids ncbi_taxonomy Diapsida NCBITaxon:32561 Sauria diapsids Diapsida GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Fungi/Metazoa group opisthokonts NCBITaxon:33154 Opisthokonta Fungi/Metazoa group opisthokonts GC_ID:1 metazoans multicellular animals ncbi_taxonomy Animalia animals NCBITaxon:33208 Metazoa metazoans multicellular animals Animalia animals GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:33213 Bilateria GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:33317 Protostomia GC_ID:1 deuterostomes ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:33511 Deuterostomia deuterostomes GC_ID:1 PMID:15019624 PMID:15371245 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:337687 Muroidea GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:376913 Haplorrhini NCBITaxon:109679 GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:39107 Murinae GC_ID:1 mammals ncbi_taxonomy mammals NCBITaxon:40674 Mammalia mammals mammals GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Neopterygi NCBITaxon:41665 Neopterygii Neopterygi GC_ID:1 dinosaur dinosaurs ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:436486 Dinosauria dinosaur dinosaurs GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:436489 Saurischia GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:436491 Theropoda GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:436492 Coelurosauria GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:55879 Rhabditoidea GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:55885 Peloderinae GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:6072 Eumetazoa GC_ID:1 nematode nematodes roundworm roundworms ncbi_taxonomy Nemata nematodes NCBITaxon:6231 Nematoda nematode nematodes roundworm roundworms Nemata nematodes NCBITaxon:33251 NCBITaxon:6308 GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Strongylida NCBITaxon:6236 Rhabditida Strongylida GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:6237 Caenorhabditis GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Rhabditis elegans NCBITaxon:6239 Caenorhabditis elegans Rhabditis elegans NCBITaxon:54603 GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:6243 Rhabditidae GC_ID:1 chordates ncbi_taxonomy chordates NCBITaxon:7711 Chordata chordates chordates GC_ID:1 Vertebrata vertebrates ncbi_taxonomy vertebrates NCBITaxon:7742 Vertebrata <vertebrates> Vertebrata vertebrates vertebrates GC_ID:1 Gnathostomata jawed vertebrates ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:7776 Gnathostomata <vertebrates> Gnathostomata jawed vertebrates GC_ID:1 fish fishes ray-finned fishes ncbi_taxonomy Actinopterygi Osteichthyes bony fishes NCBITaxon:7898 Actinopterygii fish fishes ray-finned fishes Actinopterygi Osteichthyes bony fishes GC_ID:1 carps and others ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:7952 Cypriniformes carps and others NCBITaxon:46777 NCBITaxon:487617 GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy Brachydanio Celestichthys NCBITaxon:7954 Danio Brachydanio Celestichthys NCBITaxon:27702 NCBITaxon:37966 GC_ID:1 leopard danio zebra danio zebra fish zebrafish ncbi_taxonomy Brachydanio rerio Brachydanio rerio frankei Cyprinus rerio Danio frankei Danio rerio frankei NCBITaxon:7955 Danio rerio leopard danio zebra danio zebra fish zebrafish Brachydanio rerio Brachydanio rerio frankei Cyprinus rerio Danio frankei Danio rerio frankei GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:8287 Sarcopterygii GC_ID:1 sauropsids ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:8457 Sauropsida sauropsids GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:8492 Archosauria GC_ID:1 Mus ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:862507 Mus <subgenus> Mus GC_ID:1 birds ncbi_taxonomy avian birds NCBITaxon:8782 Aves birds avian birds GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:8825 Neognathae GC_ID:1 Craniata ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:89593 Craniata <chordates> Craniata GC_ID:1 landfowls ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:8976 Galliformes landfowls NCBITaxon:9099 GC_ID:1 turkeys ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9005 Phasianidae turkeys GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9030 Gallus GC_ID:1 Gallus domesticus bantam chicken chickens ncbi_taxonomy Gallus gallus domesticus Phasianus gallus NCBITaxon:9031 Gallus gallus Gallus domesticus bantam chicken chickens Gallus gallus domesticus Phasianus gallus GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9072 Phasianinae GC_ID:1 eutherian mammals placental mammals placentals ncbi_taxonomy Placentalia placentals NCBITaxon:9347 Eutheria eutherian mammals placental mammals placentals Placentalia placentals GC_ID:1 primate ncbi_taxonomy Primata primates NCBITaxon:9443 Primates primate Primata primates GC_ID:1 New World monkeys monkey monkeys ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9479 Platyrrhini New World monkeys monkey monkeys GC_ID:1 marmosets and tamarins ncbi_taxonomy Callithricidae Callitrichidae NCBITaxon:9480 Callitrichinae marmosets and tamarins Callithricidae Callitrichidae NCBITaxon:9492 GC_ID:1 Callithrix ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9481 Callithrix <genus> Callithrix NCBITaxon:9484 GC_ID:1 common marmoset white ear-tufted marmoset white-tufted-ear marmoset ncbi_taxonomy Callithrix jacchus jacchus Simia jacchus NCBITaxon:9483 Callithrix jacchus common marmoset white ear-tufted marmoset white-tufted-ear marmoset Callithrix jacchus jacchus Simia jacchus GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9498 Cebidae GC_ID:1 ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9526 Catarrhini GC_ID:1 great apes ncbi_taxonomy Pongidae NCBITaxon:9604 Hominidae great apes Pongidae GC_ID:1 humans ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9605 Homo humans GC_ID:1 human ncbi_taxonomy NCBITaxon:9606 Homo sapiens human GC_ID:1 rodent ncbi_taxonomy rodents NCBITaxon:9989 Rodentia rodent rodents organism animal fungus plant virus A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. 10/21/09: This is a placeholder term, that should ideally be imported from the NCBI taxonomy, but the high level hierarchy there does not suit our needs (includes plasmids and 'other organisms') 13-02-2009: OBI doesn't take position as to when an organism starts or ends being an organism - e.g. sperm, foetus. This issue is outside the scope of OBI. GROUP: OBI Biomaterial Branch WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism organism A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities PATO:0000001 quality A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities PATOC:GVG Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. AAO:0010841 AEO:0000000 BFO:0000004 BILA:0000000 BIRNLEX:6 CARO:0000000 EHDAA2:0002229 FMA:62955 HAO:0000000 MA:0000001 NCIT:C12219 TAO:0100000 TGMA:0001822 UMLS:C1515976 WBbt:0000100 XAO:0000000 ZFA:0100000 UBERON:0001062 anatomical entity Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. FMA:62955 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737 UMLS:C1515976 ncithesaurus:Anatomic_Structure_System_or_Substance example to be eventually removed example to be eventually removed metadata complete Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete. metadata complete organizational term Term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release organizational term ready for release Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release." ready for release metadata incomplete Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors. metadata incomplete uncurated Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term. uncurated pending final vetting All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor. pending final vetting to be replaced with external ontology term Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology. Alan Ruttenberg group:OBI to be replaced with external ontology term requires discussion A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues. Alan Ruttenberg group:OBI requires discussion true MF(X)-directly_regulates->MF(Y)-enabled_by->GP(Z) => MF(Y)-has_input->GP(Y) e.g. if 'protein kinase activity'(X) directly_regulates 'protein binding activity (Y)and this is enabled by GP(Z) then X has_input Z infer input from direct reg GP(X)-enables->MF(Y)-has_part->MF(Z) => GP(X) enables MF(Z), e.g. if GP X enables ATPase coupled transporter activity' and 'ATPase coupled transporter activity' has_part 'ATPase activity' then GP(X) enables 'ATPase activity' enabling an MF enables its parts true GP(X)-enables->MF(Y)-part_of->BP(Z) => GP(X) involved_in BP(Z) e.g. if X enables 'protein kinase activity' and Y 'part of' 'signal tranduction' then X involved in 'signal transduction' involved in BP If a molecular function (X) has a regulatory subfunction, then any gene product which is an input to that subfunction has an activity that directly_regulates X. Note: this is intended for cases where the regaultory subfunction is protein binding, so it could be tightened with an additional clause to specify this. inferring direct reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction inferring direct neg reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction inferring direct positive reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction effector input is compound function input Input of effector is input of its parent MF if effector directly regulates X, its parent MF directly regulates X if effector directly positively regulates X, its parent MF directly positively regulates X if effector directly negatively regulates X, its parent MF directly negatively regulates X