Vertebrate Breed Ontology is an ontology created to serve as a single computable resource for vertebrate breed names.
Vertebrate Breed Ontology
2023-06-02
editor preferred term
The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
editor preferred term
example of usage
A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
example of usage
in branch
An annotation property indicating which module the terms belong to. This is currently experimental and not implemented yet.
GROUP:OBI
OBI_0000277
in branch
has curation status
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Bill Bug
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
has curation status
definition
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
2012-04-05:
Barry Smith
The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible.
Can you fix to something like:
A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property.
Alan Ruttenberg
Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria.
On the specifics of the proposed definition:
We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition.
Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable.
We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
definition
definition
editor note
An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obofoundry.org/obo/obi>
editor note
term editor
Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people
20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
term editor
alternative label
A label for a class or property that can be used to refer to the class or property instead of the preferred rdfs:label. Alternative labels should be used to indicate community- or context-specific labels, abbreviations, shorthand forms and the like.
OBO Operations committee
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
Consider re-defing to: An alternative name for a class or property which can mean the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent, narrow, broad or related).
alternative label
definition source
Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
PERSON:Daniel Schober
Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
definition source
has obsolescence reason
Relates an annotation property to an obsolescence reason. The values of obsolescence reasons come from a list of predefined terms, instances of the class obsolescence reason specification.
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
has obsolescence reason
curator note
An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
curator note
term tracker item
the URI for an OBI Terms ticket at sourceforge, such as https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/772/
An IRI or similar locator for a request or discussion of an ontology term.
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
The 'tracker item' can associate a tracker with a specific ontology term.
term tracker item
ontology term requester
The name of the person, project, or organization that motivated inclusion of an ontology term by requesting its addition.
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
The 'term requester' can credit the person, organization or project who request the ontology term.
ontology term requester
is denotator type
Relates an class defined in an ontology, to the type of it's denotator
In OWL 2 add AnnotationPropertyRange('is denotator type' 'denotator type')
Alan Ruttenberg
is denotator type
imported from
For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
imported from
expand expression to
ObjectProperty: RO_0002104
Label: has plasma membrane part
Annotations: IAO_0000424 "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.org/obo/owl/GO#GO_0005886 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)"
A macro expansion tag applied to an object property (or possibly a data property) which can be used by a macro-expansion engine to generate more complex expressions from simpler ones
Chris Mungall
expand expression to
expand assertion to
ObjectProperty: RO???
Label: spatially disjoint from
Annotations: expand_assertion_to "DisjointClasses: (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?X) (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)"
A macro expansion tag applied to an annotation property which can be expanded into a more detailed axiom.
Chris Mungall
expand assertion to
first order logic expression
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
first order logic expression
antisymmetric property
part_of antisymmetric property xsd:true
Use boolean value xsd:true to indicate that the property is an antisymmetric property
Alan Ruttenberg
antisymmetric property
OBO foundry unique label
An alternative name for a class or property which is unique across the OBO Foundry.
The intended usage of that property is as follow: OBO foundry unique labels are automatically generated based on regular expressions provided by each ontology, so that SO could specify unique label = 'sequence ' + [label], etc. , MA could specify 'mouse + [label]' etc. Upon importing terms, ontology developers can choose to use the 'OBO foundry unique label' for an imported term or not. The same applies to tools .
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Bjoern Peters
PERSON:Chris Mungall
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
GROUP:OBO Foundry <http://obofoundry.org/>
OBO foundry unique label
has ID digit count
Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/>
Annotations:
'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_"
'has ID digit count' : 7,
rdfs:label "RO id policy"
'has ID policy for': "RO"
Relates an ontology used to record id policy to the number of digits in the URI. The URI is: the 'has ID prefix" annotation property value concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits)
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
has ID digit count
has ID range allocated
Datatype: idrange:1
Annotations: 'has ID range allocated to': "Chris Mungall"
EquivalentTo: xsd:integer[> 2151 , <= 2300]
Relates a datatype that encodes a range of integers to the name of the person or organization who can use those ids constructed in that range to define new terms
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
has ID range allocated to
has ID policy for
Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/>
Annotations:
'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_"
'has ID digit count' : 7,
rdfs:label "RO id policy"
'has ID policy for': "RO"
Relating an ontology used to record id policy to the ontology namespace whose policy it manages
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
has ID policy for
has ID prefix
Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/>
Annotations:
'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_"
'has ID digit count' : 7,
rdfs:label "RO id policy"
'has ID policy for': "RO"
Relates an ontology used to record id policy to a prefix concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits) to construct an ID for a term being created.
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
has ID prefix
elucidation
person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Barry Smith
Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms which are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms
elucidation
has associated axiom(nl)
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
An axiom associated with a term expressed using natural language
has associated axiom(nl)
has associated axiom(fol)
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
An axiom expressed in first order logic using CLIF syntax
has associated axiom(fol)
is allocated id range
Relates an ontology IRI to an (inclusive) range of IRIs in an OBO name space. The range is give as, e.g. "IAO_0020000-IAO_0020999"
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology
is allocated id range
has ontology root term
Ontology annotation property. Relates an ontology to a term that is a designated root term of the ontology. Display tools like OLS can use terms annotated with this property as the starting point for rendering the ontology class hierarchy. There can be more than one root.
Nicolas Matentzoglu
has ontology root term
may be identical to
A annotation relationship between two terms in an ontology that may refer to the same (natural) type but where more evidence is required before terms are merged.
David Osumi-Sutherland
#40
VFB
Edges asserting this should be annotated with to record evidence supporting the assertion and its provenance.
may be identical to
scheduled for obsoletion on or after
Used when the class or object is scheduled for obsoletion/deprecation on or after a particular date.
Chris Mungall, Jie Zheng
https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/15532
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/32
GO ontology
scheduled for obsoletion on or after
has axiom id
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
A URI that is intended to be unique label for an axiom used for tracking change to the ontology. For an axiom expressed in different languages, each expression is given the same URI
has axiom label
term replaced by
Use on obsolete terms, relating the term to another term that can be used as a substitute
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology
term replaced by
This is an annotation used on an object property to indicate a logical characterstic beyond what is possible in OWL.
OBO Operations call
logical characteristic of object property
'part disjoint with' 'defined by construct' """
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX : <http://example.org/
CONSTRUCT {
[
a owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty :part_of ;
owl:someValuesFrom ?a ;
owl:disjointWith [
a owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty :part_of ;
owl:someValuesFrom ?b
]
]
}
WHERE {
?a :part_disjoint_with ?b .
}
Links an annotation property to a SPARQL CONSTRUCT query which is meant to provide semantics for a shortcut relation.
defined by construct
CHEBI:26523 (reactive oxygen species) has an exact synonym (ROS), which is of type OMO:0003000 (abbreviation)
A synonym type for describing abbreviations or initalisms
2023-03-03
abbreviation
A synonym type for describing ambiguous synonyms
2023-03-03
ambiguous synonym
A synonym type for describing dubious synonyms
2023-03-03
dubious synonym
EFO:0006346 (severe cutaneous adverse reaction) has an exact synonym (scar), which is of the type OMO:0003003 (layperson synonym)
A synonym type for describing layperson or colloquial synonyms
2023-03-03
layperson synonym
CHEBI:23367 (molecular entity) has an exact synonym (molecular entities), which is of the type OMO:0003004 (plural form)
A synonym type for describing pluralization synonyms
2023-03-03
plural form
CHEBI:16189 (sulfate) has an exact synonym (sulphate), which is of the type OMO:0003005 (UK spelling synonym)
A synonym type for describing UK spelling variants
2023-03-03
UK spelling synonym
If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then it also holds that R -> P o Q. Note that this cannot be expressed directly in OWL
is a defining property chain axiom
If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R.
is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive
breed code
breed recognition status
exists_in_country
This annotation property refers to the country in which the breed exist, by using the UN ISO standard three-letter country codes. The numeric codes are available from https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-country-codes.html
exists_in_country_ISOcode
has_domestication_status
refers to a breed reported in single country, as defined in DAD-IS (https://www.fao.org/dad-is)
local breed
most common name
refers to the instance of the transboundary breed in a particular country, as defined in DAD-IS (https://www.fao.org/dad-is)
national breed population
description of origin
refers to a breed reported in several different countries, as defined in DAD-IS (https://www.fao.org/dad-is)
transboundary
subset_property
An alternative label for a class or property which has a more general meaning than the preferred name/primary label.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/18
has broad synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/18
database_cross_reference
An alternative label for a class or property which has the exact same meaning than the preferred name/primary label.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/20
has exact synonym
has_exact_synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/20
An alternative label for a class or property which has a more specific meaning than the preferred name/primary label.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/19
has narrow synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/19
An alternative label for a class or property that has been used synonymously with the primary term name, but the usage is not strictly correct.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/21
has related synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/21
has_synonym_type
in_subset
is part of
my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
part_of
part of
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of
has part
my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)
this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.
has_part
has part
preceded by
x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other.
is preceded by
preceded_by
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by
preceded by
precedes
x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
precedes
inheres in
this fragility is a characteristic of this vase
this red color is a characteristic of this apple
a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence.
inheres_in
Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing.
characteristic of
bearer of
this apple is bearer of this red color
this vase is bearer of this fragility
Inverse of characteristic_of
A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist.
bearer_of
is bearer of
has characteristic
participates in
this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation
this input material (or this output material) participates in this process
this investigator participates in this investigation
a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
participates_in
participates in
has participant
this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
this investigation has participant this investigator
this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time.
has_participant
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant
has participant
this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme
a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
function_of
is function of
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
function of
this red color is a quality of this apple
a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists.
is quality of
quality_of
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
quality of
this investigator role is a role of this person
a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
is role of
role_of
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
role of
this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function)
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
has_function
has function
this apple has quality this red color
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist.
has_quality
has quality
this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
has_role
has role
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
has disposition
inverse of has disposition
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
disposition of
is location of
my head is the location of my brain
this cage is the location of this rat
a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location
Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
location_of
location of
contained in
Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved.
Containment obtains in each case between material and immaterial continuants, for instance: lung contained_in thoracic cavity; bladder contained_in pelvic cavity. Hence containment is not a transitive relation. If c part_of c1 at t then we have also, by our definition and by the axioms of mereology applied to spatial regions, c located_in c1 at t. Thus, many examples of instance-level location relations for continuants are in fact cases of instance-level parthood. For material continuants location and parthood coincide. Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved. To understand this relation, we first define overlap for continuants as follows: c1 overlap c2 at t =def for some c, c part_of c1 at t and c part_of c2 at t. The containment relation on the instance level can then be defined (see definition):
Intended meaning:
domain: material entity
range: spatial region or site (immaterial continuant)
contained_in
contained in
contains
contains
located in
my brain is located in my head
this rat is located in this cage
a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location
Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus
Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
located_in
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:located_in
located in
This is redundant with the more specific 'independent and not spatial region' constraint. We leave in the redundant axiom for use with reasoners that do not use negation.
This is redundant with the more specific 'independent and not spatial region' constraint. We leave in the redundant axiom for use with reasoners that do not use negation.
A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B.
dos
2017-05-24T09:30:46Z
has regulatory component activity
A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B.
dos
2017-05-24T09:31:01Z
By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function. Internal regulatory functions are treated as components. For example, NMDA glutmate receptor activity is a cation channel activity with positive regulatory component 'glutamate binding' and negative regulatory components including 'zinc binding' and 'magnesium binding'.
has negative regulatory component activity
A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B.
dos
2017-05-24T09:31:17Z
By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function and internal regulatory functions are treated as components. So, for example calmodulin has a protein binding activity that has positive regulatory component activity calcium binding activity. Receptor tyrosine kinase activity is a tyrosine kinase activity that has positive regulatory component 'ligand binding'.
has positive regulatory component activity
dos
2017-05-24T09:44:33Z
A 'has component activity' B if A is A and B are molecular functions (GO_0003674) and A has_component B.
has component activity
w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type.
dos
2017-05-24T09:49:21Z
has component process
dos
2017-09-17T13:52:24Z
Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2.
directly regulated by
Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2.
GOC:dos
Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1.
dos
2017-09-17T13:52:38Z
directly negatively regulated by
Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1.
GOC:dos
Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1.
dos
2017-09-17T13:52:47Z
directly positively regulated by
Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1.
GOC:dos
A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity.
dos
2017-09-22T14:14:36Z
This relation is designed for constructing compound molecular functions, typically in combination with one or more regulatory component activity relations.
has effector activity
A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity.
GOC:dos
David Osumi-Sutherland
X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)
ends after
David Osumi-Sutherland
starts_at_end_of
X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
immediately preceded by
David Osumi-Sutherland
ends_at_start_of
meets
X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
immediately precedes
x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
overlaps
true
w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type.
The definition of 'has component' is still under discussion. The challenge is in providing a definition that does not imply transitivity.
For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint, because OWL does not permit cardinality constraints to be used in combination with transitive object properties. In situations where you would want to say something like 'has part exactly 5 digit, you would instead use has_component exactly 5 digit.
has component
p regulates q iff p is causally upstream of q, the execution of p is not constant and varies according to specific conditions, and p influences the rate or magnitude of execution of q due to an effect either on some enabler of q or some enabler of a part of q.
GO
Regulation precludes parthood; the regulatory process may not be within the regulated process.
regulates (processual)
false
regulates
p negatively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p decreases the rate or magnitude of execution of q.
negatively regulates (process to process)
negatively regulates
p positively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p increases the rate or magnitude of execution of q.
positively regulates (process to process)
positively regulates
mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974)
osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption'
A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process.
has function realized in
For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)".
capable of
c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p.
has function in
capable of part of
true
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1
A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations.
temporally related to
p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p.
consumes
has input
A faulty traffic light (material entity) whose malfunctioning (a process) is causally upstream of a traffic collision (a process): the traffic light acts upstream of the collision.
c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes.
acts upstream of
A gene product that has some activity, where that activity may be a part of a pathway or upstream of the pathway.
c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process.
affects
acts upstream of or within
p is causally upstream of, positive effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p is required for the execution of q.
holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x increases the frequency, rate or extent of y
causally upstream of, positive effect
p is causally upstream of, negative effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p decreases the execution of q.
causally upstream of, negative effect
q characteristic of part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w.
Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of characteristic of part of
inheres in part of
characteristic of part of
true
A mereological relationship or a topological relationship
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships
mereotopologically related to
a particular instances of akt-2 enables some instance of protein kinase activity
c enables p iff c is capable of p and c acts to execute p.
catalyzes
executes
has
is catalyzing
is executing
This relation differs from the parent relation 'capable of' in that the parent is weaker and only expresses a capability that may not be actually realized, whereas this relation is always realized.
enables
A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities.
This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function
functionally related to
this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p.
false
part of structure that is capable of
true
c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p
actively involved in
enables part of
involved in
inverse of enables
enabled by
inverse of regulates
regulated by (processual)
regulated by
inverse of negatively regulates
negatively regulated by
inverse of positively regulates
positively regulated by
inverse of has input
input of
A lump of clay and a statue
x spatially_coextensive_with y if and inly if x and y have the same location
This relation is added for formal completeness. It is unlikely to be used in many practical scenarios
spatially coextensive with
inverse of upstream of
causally downstream of
immediately causally downstream of
p indirectly positively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p positively regulates q.
indirectly activates
indirectly positively regulates
p indirectly negatively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p negatively regulates q.
indirectly inhibits
indirectly negatively regulates
relation that links two events, processes, states, or objects such that one event, process, state, or object (a cause) contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an effect) where the cause is partly or wholly responsible for the effect, and the effect is partly or wholly dependent on the cause.
This branch of the ontology deals with causal relations between entities. It is divided into two branches: causal relations between occurrents/processes, and causal relations between material entities. We take an 'activity flow-centric approach', with the former as primary, and define causal relations between material entities in terms of causal relations between occurrents.
To define causal relations in an activity-flow type network, we make use of 3 primitives:
* Temporal: how do the intervals of the two occurrents relate?
* Is the causal relation regulatory?
* Is the influence positive or negative?
The first of these can be formalized in terms of the Allen Interval Algebra. Informally, the 3 bins we care about are 'direct', 'indirect' or overlapping. Note that all causal relations should be classified under a RO temporal relation (see the branch under 'temporally related to'). Note that all causal relations are temporal, but not all temporal relations are causal. Two occurrents can be related in time without being causally connected. We take causal influence to be primitive, elucidated as being such that has the upstream changed, some qualities of the donwstream would necessarily be modified.
For the second, we consider a relationship to be regulatory if the system in which the activities occur is capable of altering the relationship to achieve some objective. This could include changing the rate of production of a molecule.
For the third, we consider the effect of the upstream process on the output(s) of the downstream process. If the level of output is increased, or the rate of production of the output is increased, then the direction is increased. Direction can be positive, negative or neutral or capable of either direction. Two positives in succession yield a positive, two negatives in succession yield a positive, otherwise the default assumption is that the net effect is canceled and the influence is neutral.
Each of these 3 primitives can be composed to yield a cross-product of different relation types.
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
causally related to
relation that links two events, processes, states, or objects such that one event, process, state, or object (a cause) contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an effect) where the cause is partly or wholly responsible for the effect, and the effect is partly or wholly dependent on the cause.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality
p is causally upstream of q iff p is causally related to q, the end of p precedes the end of q, and p is not an occurrent part of q.
causally upstream of
p is immediately causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q, and the end of p is coincident with the beginning of q.
immediately causally upstream of
p is 'causally upstream or within' q iff p is causally related to q, and the end of p precedes, or is coincident with, the end of q.
We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2
influences (processual)
affects
causally upstream of or within
inverse of causally upstream of or within
causally downstream of or within
c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p
involved in regulation of
c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p
involved in positive regulation of
c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p
involved in negative regulation of
c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p
OWL does not allow defining object properties via a Union
involved in or reguates
involved in or involved in regulation of
A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected.
This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact.
Considering relabeling as 'pairwise interacts with'
Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules.
in pairwise interaction with
interacts with
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/interaction-relations/
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0914
An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other.
binds
molecularly binds with
molecularly interacts with
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0915
Axiomatization to GO to be added later
An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y.
phosphorylates
The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B.
A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B.
molecularly controls
directly regulates activity of
The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B.
For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B.
directly inhibits
molecularly decreases activity of
directly negatively regulates activity of
The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B.
For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B.
directly activates
molecularly increases activity of
directly positively regulates activity of
This property or its subproperties is not to be used directly. These properties exist as helper properties that are used to support OWL reasoning.
helper property (not for use in curation)
is kinase activity
A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process
causal agent in process
p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one where the execution of p influences the execution of q. p may be upstream, downstream, part of, or a container of q.
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
causal relation between processes
depends on
The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
causal relation between entities
causally influenced by (entity-centric)
causally influenced by
interaction relation helper property
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/interaction-relations/
molecular interaction relation helper property
The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size).
causally influences (entity-centric)
causally influences
p directly regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q and p regulates q.
directly regulates (processual)
directly regulates
gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell'
s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p
has part structure that is capable of
A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity.
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
causal relation between material entity and a process
pyrethroid -> growth
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p.
capable of regulating
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p.
capable of negatively regulating
renin -> arteriolar smooth muscle contraction
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p.
capable of positively regulating
Inverse of 'causal agent in process'
process has causal agent
p directly positively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p positively regulates q.
directly positively regulates (process to process)
directly positively regulates
p directly negatively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p negatively regulates q.
directly negatively regulates (process to process)
directly negatively regulates
Holds between an entity and an process P where the entity enables some larger compound process, and that larger process has-part P.
2018-01-25T23:20:13Z
enables subfunction
2018-01-26T23:49:30Z
acts upstream of or within, positive effect
2018-01-26T23:49:51Z
acts upstream of or within, negative effect
c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive
2018-01-26T23:53:14Z
acts upstream of, positive effect
c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative
2018-01-26T23:53:22Z
acts upstream of, negative effect
2018-03-13T23:55:05Z
causally upstream of or within, negative effect
2018-03-13T23:55:19Z
causally upstream of or within, positive effect
The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B.
regulates activity of
p is indirectly causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q and there exists some process r such that p is causally upstream of r and r is causally upstream of q.
pg
2022-09-26T06:07:17Z
indirectly causally upstream of
p indirectly regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p regulates q.
pg
2022-09-26T06:08:01Z
indirectly regulates
A diagnostic testing device utilizes a specimen.
X device utilizes material Y means X and Y are material entities, and X is capable of some process P that has input Y.
A diagnostic testing device utilizes a specimen means that the diagnostic testing device is capable of an assay, and this assay a specimen as its input.
See github ticket https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/issues/497
2021-11-08T12:00:00Z
utilizes
device utilizes material
A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) regulates characteristic (C) iff:Â P results in the existence of C OR affects the intensity or magnitude of C.
regulates characteristic
A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) positively regulates characteristic (C) iff:Â P results in an increase in the intensity or magnitude of C.
positively regulates characteristic
A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) negatively regulates characteristic (C) iff:Â P results in a decrease in the intensity or magnitude of C.
negatively regulates characteristic
An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
continuant
An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time.
occurrent
A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
independent continuant
spatial region
An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t.
process
disposition
A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
realizable entity
quality
A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
specifically dependent continuant
A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
role
function
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
material entity
immaterial entity
A material entity that is a maximal functionally integrated unit that develops from a program encoded in a genome.
"Maximal functionally integrated unit" is intended to express unity, which Barry considers synonymous with BFO 'object'.
Includes virus - we will later have a class for cellular organisms.
organism
cellular organism
A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. These actions are described from two distinct but related perspectives: (1) biochemical activity, and (2) role as a component in a larger system/process.
molecular function
GO:0003674
Note that, in addition to forming the root of the molecular function ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose molecular function is unknown. When this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the molecular function of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code 'no data' (ND), is used to indicate this. Despite its name, this is not a type of 'function' in the sense typically defined by upper ontologies such as Basic Formal Ontology (BFO). It is instead a BFO:process carried out by a single gene product or complex.
molecular_function
A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. These actions are described from two distinct but related perspectives: (1) biochemical activity, and (2) role as a component in a larger system/process.
GOC:pdt
A biological process represents a specific objective that the organism is genetically programmed to achieve. Biological processes are often described by their outcome or ending state, e.g., the biological process of cell division results in the creation of two daughter cells (a divided cell) from a single parent cell. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence.
jl
2012-09-19T15:05:24Z
Wikipedia:Biological_process
biological process
physiological process
single organism process
single-organism process
GO:0008150
Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. When this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code 'no data' (ND), is used to indicate this.
biological_process
A biological process represents a specific objective that the organism is genetically programmed to achieve. Biological processes are often described by their outcome or ending state, e.g., the biological process of cell division results in the creation of two daughter cells (a divided cell) from a single parent cell. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence.
GOC:pdt
true
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
Reactome:R-HSA-6788855
Reactome:R-HSA-6788867
phosphokinase activity
GO:0016301
Note that this term encompasses all activities that transfer a single phosphate group; although ATP is by far the most common phosphate donor, reactions using other phosphate donors are included in this term.
kinase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
ISBN:0198506732
Reactome:R-HSA-6788855
FN3KRP phosphorylates PsiAm, RibAm
Reactome:R-HSA-6788867
FN3K phosphorylates ketosamines
data item
data item
information content entity
information content entity
curation status specification
The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting)
PERSON:Bill Bug
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
OBI_0000266
curation status specification
data about an ontology part
Data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
data about an ontology part
obsolescence reason specification
The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
The creation of this class has been inspired in part by Werner Ceusters' paper, Applying evolutionary terminology auditing to the Gene Ontology.
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
obsolescence reason specification
denotator type
The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinction between Universals and defined classes, where the formal are "natural kinds" and the latter arbitrary collections of entities.
A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective.
Alan Ruttenberg
Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters
denotator type
ontology module
I have placed this under 'data about an ontology part', but this can be discussed. I think this is OK if 'part' is interpreted reflexively, as an ontology module is the whole ontology rather than part of it.
ontology file
This class and it's subclasses are applied to OWL ontologies. Using an rdf:type triple will result in problems with OWL-DL. I propose that dcterms:type is instead used to connect an ontology URI with a class from this hierarchy. The class hierarchy is not disjoint, so multiple assertions can be made about a single ontology.
ontology module
base ontology module
An ontology module that comprises only of asserted axioms local to the ontology, excludes import directives, and excludes axioms or declarations from external ontologies.
base ontology module
editors ontology module
An ontology module that is intended to be directly edited, typically managed in source control, and typically not intended for direct consumption by end-users.
source ontology module
editors ontology module
main release ontology module
An ontology module that is intended to be the primary release product and the one consumed by the majority of tools.
TODO: Add logical axioms that state that a main release ontology module is derived from (directly or indirectly) an editors module
main release ontology module
bridge ontology module
An ontology module that consists entirely of axioms that connect or bridge two distinct ontology modules. For example, the Uberon-to-ZFA bridge module.
bridge ontology module
import ontology module
A subset ontology module that is intended to be imported from another ontology.
TODO: add axioms that indicate this is the output of a module extraction process.
import file
import ontology module
subset ontology module
An ontology module that is extracted from a main ontology module and includes only a subset of entities or axioms.
ontology slim
subset ontology
subset ontology module
curation subset ontology module
A subset ontology that is intended as a whitelist for curators using the ontology. Such a subset will exclude classes that curators should not use for curation.
curation subset ontology module
analysis ontology module
An ontology module that is intended for usage in analysis or discovery applications.
analysis subset ontology module
single layer ontology module
A subset ontology that is largely comprised of a single layer or strata in an ontology class hierarchy. The purpose is typically for rolling up for visualization. The classes in the layer need not be disjoint.
ribbon subset
single layer subset ontology module
exclusion subset ontology module
A subset of an ontology that is intended to be excluded for some purpose. For example, a blacklist of classes.
antislim
exclusion subset ontology module
external import ontology module
An imported ontology module that is derived from an external ontology. Derivation methods include the OWLAPI SLME approach.
external import
external import ontology module
species subset ontology module
A subset ontology that is crafted to either include or exclude a taxonomic grouping of species.
taxon subset
species subset ontology module
reasoned ontology module
An ontology module that contains axioms generated by a reasoner. The generated axioms are typically direct SubClassOf axioms, but other possibilities are available.
reasoned ontology module
generated ontology module
An ontology module that is automatically generated, for example via a SPARQL query or via template and a CSV.
TODO: Add axioms (using PROV-O?) that indicate this is the output-of some reasoning process
generated ontology module
template generated ontology module
An ontology module that is automatically generated from a template specification and fillers for slots in that template.
template generated ontology module
taxonomic bridge ontology module
taxonomic bridge ontology module
ontology module subsetted by expressivity
ontology module subsetted by expressivity
obo basic subset ontology module
A subset ontology that is designed for basic applications to continue to make certain simplifying assumptions; many of these simplifying assumptions were based on the initial version of the Gene Ontology, and have become enshrined in many popular and useful tools such as term enrichment tools.
Examples of such assumptions include: traversing the ontology graph ignoring relationship types using a naive algorithm will not lead to cycles (i.e. the ontology is a DAG); every referenced term is declared in the ontology (i.e. there are no dangling clauses).
An ontology is OBO Basic if and only if it has the following characteristics:
DAG
Unidirectional
No Dangling Clauses
Fully Asserted
Fully Labeled
No equivalence axioms
Singly labeled edges
No qualifier lists
No disjointness axioms
No owl-axioms header
No imports
obo basic subset ontology module
ontology module subsetted by OWL profile
ontology module subsetted by OWL profile
EL++ ontology module
EL++ ontology module
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
all
NCBITaxon:1
root
all
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:10040
Peromyscus
NCBITaxon:162312
GC_ID:1
North American deer mouse
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:10042
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse
GC_ID:1
cavies
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:10139
Caviidae
cavies
GC_ID:1
guinea pigs
guinea-pigs
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:10140
Cavia
guinea pigs
guinea-pigs
NCBITaxon:84274
GC_ID:1
domestic guinea pig
guinea pig
ncbi_taxonomy
Cavia aperea porcellus
Cavia cobaya
Mus porcellus
NCBITaxon:10141
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig
guinea pig
Cavia aperea porcellus
Cavia cobaya
Mus porcellus
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:117570
Teleostomi
NCBITaxon:40673
GC_ID:1
bony vertebrates
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:117571
Euteleostomi
bony vertebrates
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
biota
NCBITaxon:131567
cellular organisms
biota
GC_ID:1
PMID:22839753
PMID:25450099
ncbi_taxonomy
Archosauria-Testudines
Testudines + Archosauria group
NCBITaxon:1329799
Archelosauria
Archosauria-Testudines
Testudines + Archosauria group
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:1338369
Dipnotetrapodomorpha
GC_ID:1
PMID:11743200
PMID:11791233
ncbi_taxonomy
Boreotheria
NCBITaxon:1437010
Boreoeutheria
Boreotheria
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
Galloanseri
ducks, geese, chickens, fowl, quail, currasows and allies
NCBITaxon:1549675
Galloanserae
Galloanseri
ducks, geese, chickens, fowl, quail, currasows and allies
GC_ID:1
mice and others
ncbi_taxonomy
Sciurognathi
NCBITaxon:1963758
Myomorpha
mice and others
Sciurognathi
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:2068716
Anatinae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:2068722
Anserinae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:2607030
Caprimulgimorphae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:2607033
Apodinae
GC_ID:1
PMID:23020233
PMID:30257078
eucaryotes
eukaryotes
ncbi_taxonomy
Eucarya
Eucaryotae
Eukarya
Eukaryotae
eukaryotes
NCBITaxon:2759
Eukaryota
eucaryotes
eukaryotes
Eucarya
Eucaryotae
Eukarya
Eukaryotae
eukaryotes
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:27592
Bovinae
GC_ID:1
domestic yak
yak
ncbi_taxonomy
Bos mutus grunniens
Peophagus grunniens
NCBITaxon:30521
Bos grunniens
domestic yak
yak
Bos mutus grunniens
Peophagus grunniens
GC_ID:1
PMID:11749713
alpaca
ncbi_taxonomy
Camelus pacos
Lama guanicoe pacos
Lama pacos
NCBITaxon:30538
Vicugna pacos
alpaca
Camelus pacos
Lama guanicoe pacos
Lama pacos
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:30539
Vicugna
GC_ID:1
PMID:11214318
PMID:11214319
PMID:12878460
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:314145
Laurasiatheria
GC_ID:1
PMID:11214319
PMID:12082125
PMID:12878460
PMID:15522813
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:314146
Euarchontoglires
GC_ID:1
PMID:11214319
PMID:12082125
PMID:15522813
Rodents and rabbits
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:314147
Glires
Rodents and rabbits
GC_ID:1
tetrapods
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:32523
Tetrapoda
tetrapods
GC_ID:1
amniotes
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:32524
Amniota
amniotes
GC_ID:1
Theria
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:32525
Theria <mammals>
Theria
GC_ID:1
diapsids
ncbi_taxonomy
Diapsida
NCBITaxon:32561
Sauria
diapsids
Diapsida
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
Fungi/Metazoa group
opisthokonts
NCBITaxon:33154
Opisthokonta
Fungi/Metazoa group
opisthokonts
GC_ID:1
metazoans
multicellular animals
ncbi_taxonomy
Animalia
animals
NCBITaxon:33208
Metazoa
metazoans
multicellular animals
Animalia
animals
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:33213
Bilateria
GC_ID:1
deuterostomes
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:33511
Deuterostomia
deuterostomes
GC_ID:1
guinea pigs and others
ncbi_taxonomy
Hystricognathi
NCBITaxon:33550
Hystricomorpha
guinea pigs and others
Hystricognathi
GC_ID:1
carnivores
ncbi_taxonomy
carnivores
NCBITaxon:33554
Carnivora
carnivores
carnivores
GC_ID:1
PMID:15371245
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:337677
Cricetidae
GC_ID:1
PMID:15019624
PMID:15371245
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:337687
Muroidea
GC_ID:1
PMID:15371245
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:337963
Neotominae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:338152
Felinae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:34878
Cervinae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
Suiformes
NCBITaxon:35497
Suina
Suiformes
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:35500
Pecora
GC_ID:1
bighorn sheep
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:37174
Ovis canadensis
bighorn sheep
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:379583
Feliformia
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:379584
Caniformia
GC_ID:1
mammals
ncbi_taxonomy
mammals
NCBITaxon:40674
Mammalia
mammals
mammals
GC_ID:1
dinosaur
dinosaurs
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:436486
Dinosauria
dinosaur
dinosaurs
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:436489
Saurischia
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:436491
Theropoda
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:436492
Coelurosauria
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:46474
Aerodramus
GC_ID:1
edible-nest swiftlet
ncbi_taxonomy
Collocalia fuciphaga
Hirundo fuciphaga
NCBITaxon:46478
Aerodramus fuciphagus
edible-nest swiftlet
Collocalia fuciphaga
Hirundo fuciphaga
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:466544
Perdicinae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:466552
Meleagridinae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:6072
Eumetazoa
GC_ID:1
chordates
ncbi_taxonomy
chordates
NCBITaxon:7711
Chordata
chordates
chordates
GC_ID:1
Vertebrata
vertebrates
ncbi_taxonomy
vertebrates
NCBITaxon:7742
Vertebrata <vertebrates>
Vertebrata
vertebrates
vertebrates
GC_ID:1
Gnathostomata
jawed vertebrates
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:7776
Gnathostomata <vertebrates>
Gnathostomata
jawed vertebrates
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8287
Sarcopterygii
GC_ID:1
sauropsids
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8457
Sauropsida
sauropsids
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8492
Archosauria
GC_ID:1
birds
ncbi_taxonomy
avian
birds
NCBITaxon:8782
Aves
birds
avian
birds
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8783
Palaeognathae
GC_ID:1
Emu and cassowaries
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8784
Casuariiformes
Emu and cassowaries
GC_ID:1
cassowaries
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8785
Casuariidae
cassowaries
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8786
Casuarius
GC_ID:1
Australian cassowary
double-wattled cassowary
southern cassowary
ncbi_taxonomy
Struthio casuarius
NCBITaxon:8787
Casuarius casuarius
Australian cassowary
double-wattled cassowary
southern cassowary
Struthio casuarius
GC_ID:1
emus
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8788
Dromaiidae
emus
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8789
Dromaius
NCBITaxon:8791
GC_ID:1
emu
ncbi_taxonomy
Casuarius novaehollandiae
Dromaius novae-hollandiae
NCBITaxon:8790
Dromaius novaehollandiae
emu
Casuarius novaehollandiae
Dromaius novae-hollandiae
GC_ID:1
rheas
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8792
Rheiformes
rheas
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8793
Rheidae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8796
Rhea
GC_ID:1
ostriches
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8798
Struthioniformes
ostriches
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8799
Struthionidae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8800
Struthio
GC_ID:1
African ostrich
ostrich
ncbi_taxonomy
Struthio camelus domesticus
NCBITaxon:8801
Struthio camelus
African ostrich
ostrich
Struthio camelus domesticus
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8825
Neognathae
GC_ID:1
ducks, geese and swans
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8826
Anseriformes
ducks, geese and swans
GC_ID:1
waterfowl
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8830
Anatidae
waterfowl
GC_ID:1
ducks
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8835
Anas
ducks
NCBITaxon:36478
NCBITaxon:98961
GC_ID:1
duck
mallard
mallard duck
mallard ducks
ncbi_taxonomy
Anas boschas
Anas domesticus
Anas platyrhynchos f. domestica
NCBITaxon:8839
Anas platyrhynchos
duck
mallard
mallard duck
mallard ducks
Anas boschas
Anas domesticus
Anas platyrhynchos f. domestica
GC_ID:1
domestic duck x muscovy duck
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8841
Anas platyrhynchos x Cairina moschata
domestic duck x muscovy duck
NCBITaxon:8890
GC_ID:1
geese
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8842
Anser
geese
GC_ID:1
Domestic goose
graylag goose
greylag goose
ncbi_taxonomy
Anas anser
NCBITaxon:8843
Anser anser
Domestic goose
graylag goose
greylag goose
Anas anser
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8854
Cairina
GC_ID:1
Muscovy duck
muscovy
musky duck
ncbi_taxonomy
Anas moschata
NCBITaxon:8855
Cairina moschata
Muscovy duck
muscovy
musky duck
Anas moschata
NCBITaxon:9241
GC_ID:1
swifts and hummingbirds
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8892
Apodiformes
swifts and hummingbirds
GC_ID:1
swifts
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8893
Apodidae
swifts
GC_ID:1
pigeons and others
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8929
Columbiformes
pigeons and others
GC_ID:1
pigeons
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8930
Columbidae
pigeons
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8931
Columba
NCBITaxon:36506
GC_ID:1
Columba domestica
carrier pigeon
domestic pigeon
rock dove
rock pigeon
ncbi_taxonomy
Columba livia domestica
NCBITaxon:8932
Columba livia
Columba domestica
carrier pigeon
domestic pigeon
rock dove
rock pigeon
Columba livia domestica
NCBITaxon:34864
NCBITaxon:9919
GC_ID:1
domestic water buffalo
river buffalo
water buffalo
ncbi_taxonomy
Bos bubalis
Bubalus arnee bubalis
NCBITaxon:89462
Bubalus bubalis
domestic water buffalo
river buffalo
water buffalo
Bos bubalis
Bubalus arnee bubalis
GC_ID:1
Craniata
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:89593
Craniata <chordates>
Craniata
GC_ID:1
landfowls
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8976
Galliformes
landfowls
GC_ID:1
guineafowls
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:8990
Numididae
guineafowls
NCBITaxon:9099
GC_ID:1
turkeys
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9005
Phasianidae
turkeys
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9030
Gallus
GC_ID:1
Gallus domesticus
bantam
chicken
chickens
ncbi_taxonomy
Gallus gallus domesticus
Phasianus gallus
NCBITaxon:9031
Gallus gallus
Gallus domesticus
bantam
chicken
chickens
Gallus gallus domesticus
Phasianus gallus
GC_ID:1
peafowls
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9048
Pavo
peafowls
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9072
Phasianinae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9090
Coturnix
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9102
Meleagris
GC_ID:1
common turkey
turkey
wild turkey
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9103
Meleagris gallopavo
common turkey
turkey
wild turkey
GC_ID:1
whales, hippos, ruminants, pigs, camels etc.
ncbi_taxonomy
Cetartiodactyla
even-toed ungulates
NCBITaxon:91561
Artiodactyla
whales, hippos, ruminants, pigs, camels etc.
Cetartiodactyla
even-toed ungulates
GC_ID:1
eutherian mammals
placental mammals
placentals
ncbi_taxonomy
Placentalia
placentals
NCBITaxon:9347
Eutheria
eutherian mammals
placental mammals
placentals
Placentalia
placentals
GC_ID:1
dog, coyote, wolf, fox
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9608
Canidae
dog, coyote, wolf, fox
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9611
Canis
GC_ID:1
gray wolf
grey wolf
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9612
Canis lupus
gray wolf
grey wolf
GC_ID:1
dog
dogs
ncbi_taxonomy
Canis canis
Canis domesticus
Canis familiaris
NCBITaxon:9615
Canis lupus familiaris
dog
dogs
Canis canis
Canis domesticus
Canis familiaris
GC_ID:1
cat family
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9681
Felidae
cat family
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9682
Felis
NCBITaxon:36475
GC_ID:1
PMID:17600185
PMID:8581300
PMID:8603894
cat
cats
domestic cat
ncbi_taxonomy
Felis domesticus
Felis silvestris catus
NCBITaxon:9685
Felis catus
cat
cats
domestic cat
Felis domesticus
Felis silvestris catus
GC_ID:1
odd-toed ungulates
ncbi_taxonomy
odd-toed ungulates
NCBITaxon:9787
Perissodactyla
odd-toed ungulates
odd-toed ungulates
GC_ID:1
horses
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9788
Equidae
horses
NCBITaxon:1225530
NCBITaxon:35506
NCBITaxon:35507
NCBITaxon:35508
NCBITaxon:35509
NCBITaxon:35510
NCBITaxon:475184
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
Amerhippus
Asinus
Dolichohippus
Equus subg. Amerhippus
Equus subg. Asinus
Equus subg. Dolichohippus
Equus subg. Equus
Equus subg. Hemionus
Equus subg. Hippotigris
Equus subgen. Sussemionus
Hemionus
Hippotigris
Sussemionus
NCBITaxon:9789
Equus
Amerhippus
Asinus
Dolichohippus
Equus subg. Amerhippus
Equus subg. Asinus
Equus subg. Dolichohippus
Equus subg. Equus
Equus subg. Hemionus
Equus subg. Hippotigris
Equus subgen. Sussemionus
Hemionus
Hippotigris
Sussemionus
NCBITaxon:9797
GC_ID:1
African ass
African wild ass
Somali wild ass
ass
domestic ass
donkey
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9793
Equus asinus
African ass
African wild ass
Somali wild ass
ass
domestic ass
donkey
GC_ID:1
domestic horse
equine
horse
ncbi_taxonomy
Equus przewalskii f. caballus
Equus przewalskii forma caballus
NCBITaxon:9796
Equus caballus
domestic horse
equine
horse
Equus przewalskii f. caballus
Equus przewalskii forma caballus
NCBITaxon:39423
GC_ID:1
boars
pigs
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9821
Suidae
boars
pigs
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9822
Sus
GC_ID:1
pig
pigs
swine
wild boar
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9823
Sus scrofa
pig
pigs
swine
wild boar
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9834
Tylopoda
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9835
Camelidae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9836
Camelus
GC_ID:1
Bactrian camel
camel
domestic Bactrian camel
two-humped camel
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9837
Camelus bactrianus
Bactrian camel
camel
domestic Bactrian camel
two-humped camel
GC_ID:1
Arabian camel
camel
dromedaries
dromedary
dromedary camel
one-humped camel
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9838
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel
camel
dromedaries
dromedary
dromedary camel
one-humped camel
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9839
Lama
GC_ID:1
guanaco
ncbi_taxonomy
Lama guanicoe guanaco
NCBITaxon:9840
Lama guanicoe
guanaco
Lama guanicoe guanaco
GC_ID:1
PMID:11749713
vicugna
vicuna
ncbi_taxonomy
Camelus vicugna
Lama vicugna
NCBITaxon:9843
Vicugna vicugna
vicugna
vicuna
Camelus vicugna
Lama vicugna
GC_ID:1
PMID:11749713
llama
ncbi_taxonomy
Camelus glama
Lama guanicoe glama
NCBITaxon:9844
Lama glama
llama
Camelus glama
Lama guanicoe glama
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9845
Ruminantia
GC_ID:1
deer
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9850
Cervidae
deer
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9895
Bovidae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9900
Bison
GC_ID:1
American bison
Bison
ncbi_taxonomy
Bos (Bison) bison
Bos bison
NCBITaxon:9901
Bison bison
American bison
Bison
Bos (Bison) bison
Bos bison
GC_ID:1
oxen, cattle
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9903
Bos
oxen, cattle
NCBITaxon:272461
GC_ID:1
bovine
cattle
cow
dairy cow
domestic cattle
domestic cow
ox
oxen
ncbi_taxonomy
Bos bovis
Bos primigenius taurus
NCBITaxon:9913
Bos taurus
bovine
cattle
cow
dairy cow
domestic cattle
domestic cow
ox
oxen
Bos bovis
Bos primigenius taurus
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9918
Bubalus
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9922
Capra
NCBITaxon:57076
GC_ID:1
domestic goat
goat
goats
ncbi_taxonomy
Capra aegagrus hircus
NCBITaxon:9925
Capra hircus
domestic goat
goat
goats
Capra aegagrus hircus
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9935
Ovis
NCBITaxon:9936
GC_ID:1
domestic sheep
lambs
sheep
wild sheep
ncbi_taxonomy
Ovis ammon aries
Ovis orientalis aries
Ovis ovis
NCBITaxon:9940
Ovis aries
domestic sheep
lambs
sheep
wild sheep
Ovis ammon aries
Ovis orientalis aries
Ovis ovis
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9963
Caprinae
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
rabbits & hares
NCBITaxon:9975
Lagomorpha
rabbits & hares
GC_ID:1
rabbits and hares
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9979
Leporidae
rabbits and hares
GC_ID:1
ncbi_taxonomy
NCBITaxon:9984
Oryctolagus
NCBITaxon:34833
NCBITaxon:9985
GC_ID:1
European rabbit
Japanese white rabbit
domestic rabbit
rabbit
rabbits
ncbi_taxonomy
Lepus cuniculus
NCBITaxon:9986
Oryctolagus cuniculus
European rabbit
Japanese white rabbit
domestic rabbit
rabbit
rabbits
Lepus cuniculus
GC_ID:1
rodent
ncbi_taxonomy
rodents
NCBITaxon:9989
Rodentia
rodent
rodents
A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities
PATO:0000001
quality
A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities
PATOC:GVG
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dromedary Bactrian Camel
DOI:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.103038
DOI:10.1016/j.jfca.2015.02.006
DOI:10.5252/az2014n2a06
DOI:10.9755/ejfa.v26i4.17271
PMID:25831121
PMID:26161164
PMID:29746547
PMID:31969478
PMID:33409310
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Alpaca
Alpaca (Alpaca)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Alpaca
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Huacaya
Huacaya (Alpaca)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Huacaya
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Suri
Suri (Alpaca)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Suri
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
American Bison
American Bison (American Bison)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
American Bison
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Andaluza
Andaluza (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Andaluza
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Balearic donkey breed
Balearic donkey breed (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Balearic donkey breed
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Burro Criollo
Burro Criollo (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Burro Criollo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Burro Kentucky
Burro Kentucky (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Burro Kentucky
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Cyprus
Cyprus (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Cyprus
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Damascus
Damascus (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Damascus
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dongolawi
Dongolawi (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dongolawi
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hamadan
Hamadan (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hamadan
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Khulan
Khulan (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Khulan
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
l’Ane Africain
l’Ane Africain (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
l’Ane Africain
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Majorero
Majorero (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Majorero
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mammoth Jack Stock
Mammoth Jack Stock (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mammoth Jack Stock
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Masai
Masai (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Masai
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Meskhet-Javakhet
Meskhet-Javakhet (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Meskhet-Javakhet
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Native of North Africa
Native of North Africa (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Native of North Africa
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pega
Pega (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pega
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Poitou
Poitou (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Poitou
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Poitou
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Somali
Somali (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Somali
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Somali Wild Ass
Somali Wild Ass (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Somali Wild Ass
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Syrian
Syrian (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Syrian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Tibetan
Tibetan (Ass)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Tibetan
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kazakh Bactrian
Kazakh Bactrian (Bactrian camel)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kazakh Bactrian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mongolian Bactrian
Mongolian Bactrian (Bactrian camel)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mongolian Bactrian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Anatolian Water Buffalo
Anatolian Water Buffalo (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Anatolian Water Buffalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Arni
Arni (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Arni
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Borneo Buffalo
Borneo Buffalo (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Borneo Buffalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
buffalo
buffalo (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
buffalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Buffalypso
Buffalypso (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Buffalypso
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Caucasian
Caucasian (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Caucasian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Egyptian
Egyptian (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Egyptian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Georgian buffalo
Georgian buffalo (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Georgian buffalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jafarabadi
Jafarabadi (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jafarabadi
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mediterranean
Mediterranean (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mediterranean
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mehsana
Mehsana (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mehsana
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murrah
Murrah (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murrah
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murrah
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nili
Nili (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nili
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nili-Ravi
Nili-Ravi (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nili-Ravi
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
None
None (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
None
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Philippine Carabao
Philippine Carabao (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Philippine Carabao
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
riverine buffalo
riverine buffalo (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
riverine buffalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Surti
Surti (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Surti
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Swamp
Swamp buffalo
Swamp buffalo (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Swamp
https://omia.org
Swamp buffalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Tarai
Tarai (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Tarai
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
water buffalo
water buffalo (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
water buffalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Wild Water Buffalo
Wild Water Buffalo (Buffalo)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Wild Water Buffalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Cassowary
Cassowary (Cassowary)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Cassowary
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Zavot
Zavot (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Zavot
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Aberdeen-Angus
German Angus
Aberdeen-Angus (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Aberdeen-Angus
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
German Angus
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Abondance
Abondance (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Abondance
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Adamawa
Adamawa (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Adamawa
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
African Aurochs
African Aurochs (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
African Aurochs
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Africander
Afrikander
Afrikaner
Africander (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Africander
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Afrikander
https://omia.org
Afrikaner
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
AFS
AFS (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
AFS
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ala Tau
Ala-Tau
Ala-Tau (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ala Tau
https://omia.org
Ala-Tau
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Alistana-Sanabresa
Alistana-Sanabresa (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Alistana-Sanabresa
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Alpha 16
Alpha 16 (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Alpha 16
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
American Dutch Belted
American Dutch Belted (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
American Dutch Belted
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Anatolian Grey
Anatolian Grey (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Anatolian Grey
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Andalusian Grey
Andalusian Grey (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Andalusian Grey
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angeln
Angeln (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angeln
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angeln
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angoni
Angoni (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angoni
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angoni
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angus
Angus (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angus
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Angus
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ankole
Ankole (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ankole
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ankole
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ansbach-Triesdorfer
Ansbach-Triesdorfer (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ansbach-Triesdorfer
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Arado
Arado (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Arado
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Argentine Criollo
Criolla
Criollo
Argentine Criollo (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Argentine Criollo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Criolla
https://omia.org
Criollo
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Armorican
Armorican (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Armorican
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Arunachalee
Arunachalee (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Arunachalee
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Asturian Valley
Asturiana
Asturian Valley (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Asturian Valley
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Asturiana
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Aubrac
Aubrac (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Aubrac
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Aulie-Ata
Aulie-Ata (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Aulie-Ata
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Bazadais
Australian Bazadais (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Bazadais
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Friesian Sahiwal
Australian Friesian Sahiwal (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Friesian Sahiwal
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Friesian Sahiwal
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Lowline
Australian Lowline (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Lowline
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Milking Zebu
Australian Milking Zebu (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Milking Zebu
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Milking Zebu
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
AVILEÑA-NEGRA IBÉRICA
Avilena
AVILEÑA-NEGRA IBÉRICA (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
AVILEÑA-NEGRA IBÉRICA
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Avilena
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ayrshire
Ayrshire (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ayrshire
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ayrshire
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Azaouak
Azaouak (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Azaouak
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Azerbaijan Zebu
Azerbaijan Zebu (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Azerbaijan Zebu
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bahima
Bahima (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bahima
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Balancer
Balancer (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Balancer
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bali
Bali (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bali
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bambara
Bambara (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bambara
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bambawa
Bambawa (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bambawa
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Banteng
Banteng (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Banteng
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Baoule
Baoulé
Baoulé (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Baoule
https://omia.org
Baoulé
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Barka
Barka (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Barka
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Barotse
Barotse (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Barotse
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Barotse
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bazadais
Bazadais (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bazadais
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bearnais
Bearnais (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bearnais
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beef Fleckvieh
Beef Fleckvieh (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beef Fleckvieh
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beef Pinzgau
Beef Pinzgau (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beef Pinzgau
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beef Shorthorn
Beef Shorthorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beef Shorthorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beefalo
Beefalo (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beefalo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beefmaster
Beefmaster (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Beefmaster
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belgian Blue
Belgian White and Blue Pied
Blue and White Belgian
Central Belgian
Upper Belgian
Belgian Blue (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belgian Blue
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belgian Blue
https://omia.org
Belgian White and Blue Pied
https://omia.org
Blue and White Belgian
https://omia.org
Central Belgian
https://omia.org
Upper Belgian
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belgian Blue mixte
Belgian Blue mixte (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belgian Blue mixte
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belmont Red
Belmont Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belmont Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belmont Red
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belted Galloway
Belted Galloway (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belted Galloway
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Belted Galloway
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bengali
Bengali (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bengali
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Betizuak
Betizuak (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Betizuak
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bhagnari
Bhagnari (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bhagnari
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blaarkop
Blaarkop (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blaarkop
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Black-Motley
Black-Motley (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Black-Motley
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blended Milking Shorthorn
Blended Milking Shorthorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blended Milking Shorthorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bleue du Nord
Bleue du Nord (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bleue du Nord
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blonde d'Aquitaine
Blonde d'Aquitaine (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blonde d'Aquitaine
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blonde d'Aquitaine
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blondes
Blondes (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Blondes
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bokolodji
Bokolodji (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bokolodji
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bonsmara
Bonsmara (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bonsmara
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bonsmara
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Boran
Boran (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Boran
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Boran
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Borgou
Borgou (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Borgou
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Braford
Braford (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Braford
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Braford
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brahman
Brahman (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brahman
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brahman
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
brand name Carinthian Blond
brand name Carinthian Blond (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
brand name Carinthian Blond
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brangus
Brangus (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brangus
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brangus
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Breton Black Pied
Breton Black Pied (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Breton Black Pied
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
British White
White British
British White (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
British White
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
White British
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brown Atlas
Brown Atlas (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brown Atlas
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brown cattle
Brown cattle (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brown cattle
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Braunvieh
Brown Mountain
Brown Swiss
Gurtenvieh
Brown Swiss (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Braunvieh
https://omia.org
Brown Mountain
https://omia.org
Brown Swiss
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Brown Swiss
https://omia.org
Gurtenvieh
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Busa
Buša
Buša (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Busa
https://omia.org
Buša
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Burmese Gaur
Burmese Gaur (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Burmese Gaur
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Busha
Busha (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Busha
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bushuev
Bushuev (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Bushuev
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Caldelana
Caldelana (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Caldelana
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Caucasian
Caucasian (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Caucasian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Caucasian Brown
Caucasian Brown (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Caucasian Brown
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Central Asian Zebu
Central Asian Zebu (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Central Asian Zebu
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chaqueno
Chaqueno (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chaqueno
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Charbray
Charbray (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Charbray
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Charolais
Charolais (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Charolais
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Charolais
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chianina
Chianina (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chianina
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chianina
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chillingham
Chillingham (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chillingham
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chillingham
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chusco
Chusco (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Chusco
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Creole
Creole (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Creole
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Czech Red
Czech Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Czech Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dahomey
Dahomey (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dahomey
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dairy Gir
Dairy Gir (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dairy Gir
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dairy Shorthorn
Dairy Shorthorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dairy Shorthorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dairy Shorthorn
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dairy Shorthorn (Original Population)
Dairy Shorthorn (Original Population) (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dairy Shorthorn (Original Population)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Damara
Damara (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Damara
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Danakil
Danakil (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Danakil
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Danish Holstein
Danish Holstein (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Danish Holstein
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Danish Holstein
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Danish Red
Danish Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Danish Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Devon
Devon (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Devon
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Devon
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dexter
Dexter (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dexter
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dexter
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Doñana Cattle
Doñana Cattle (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Doñana Cattle
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Drakensberger
Drakensberger (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Drakensberger
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Droughtmaster
Droughtmaster (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Droughtmaster
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Droughtmaster
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dutch Belted
Dutch Belted (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dutch Belted
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dutch Belted
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dutch Friesian
Dutch Friesian (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Dutch Friesian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Estonian Native Cattle
Estonian Native Cattle (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Estonian Native Cattle
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Estonian Red
Estonian Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Estonian Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ethiopian Boran
Ethiopian Boran (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ethiopian Boran
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ferrandais
Ferrandais (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ferrandais
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Fighting Bull
Fighting Bull (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Fighting Bull
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Frieiresa
Frieiresa (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Frieiresa
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Fries Hollands
Fries Hollands (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Fries Hollands
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Galician Blond
Galician Blond (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Galician Blond
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Galloway
Galloway (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Galloway
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Galloway
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gambian N'dama
Gambian N'dama (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gambian N'dama
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gascon
Gasconne
Gascon (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gascon
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gasconne
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gaur
Gaur (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gaur
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gelbrah
Gelbrah (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gelbrah
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Franconian
Gelbvieh
Gelbvieh (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Franconian
https://omia.org
Gelbvieh
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gelbvieh
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Georgian Mountain
Georgian Mountain (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Georgian Mountain
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
German Shorthorn
German Shorthorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
German Shorthorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gir
Gyr
Gir (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gir
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gir
https://omia.org
Gyr
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Girolanda
Girolando
Girolando (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Girolanda
https://omia.org
Girolando
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Glan
Glan (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Glan
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Glan Donnersberg
Glan Donnersberg (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Glan Donnersberg
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gloucester
Gloucester (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gloucester
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gorbatov Red
Gorbatov Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Gorbatov Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Goudali
Goudali (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Goudali
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Alpine Grey
Grauvieh
Grauvieh (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Alpine Grey
https://omia.org
Grauvieh
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Grauvieh
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Greater Caucasus
Greater Caucasus (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Greater Caucasus
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Greek Shorthorn
Greek Shorthorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Greek Shorthorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Groningen
Groningen White-Headed
Groningen White-Headed (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Groningen
https://omia.org
Groningen White-Headed
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Guabala
Guabala (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Guabala
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Guernsey
Guernsey (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Guernsey
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Guernsey
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Guzera
Guzerat
Guzerá
Guzerat (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Guzera
https://omia.org
Guzerat
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Guzerat
https://omia.org
Guzerá
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hanwoo
Hanwoo (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hanwoo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hariana
Hariana (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hariana
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hariana
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Heck Cattle
Heck Cattle (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Heck Cattle
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hereford
Hereford (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hereford
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hereford
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Eringer
Herens
Herens (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Eringer
https://omia.org
Herens
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Highland
Scottish Highland
West Highland
Highland (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Highland
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Highland
https://omia.org
Scottish Highland
https://omia.org
West Highland
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hinterwald
Hinterwalder
Hinterwald (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hinterwald
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hinterwalder
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hissar
Hissar (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hissar
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Black and White
Friesian
Holstein
Holstein (black and white)
Nordic Holstein
Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle
Holstein (black and white) (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Black and White
https://omia.org
Friesian
https://omia.org
Holstein
https://omia.org
Holstein (black and white)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nordic Holstein
https://omia.org
Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Holstein (red and white)
Meuse Rhine Yssel
Red Holstein Friesian
Red and White
Holstein (red and white) (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Holstein (red and white)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Meuse Rhine Yssel
https://omia.org
Red Holstein Friesian
https://omia.org
Red and White
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Holstein Friesian
Holstein-Friesian
Holstein Friesian (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Holstein Friesian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Holstein Friesian
https://omia.org
Holstein-Friesian
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hungarian Grey
Hungarian Grey (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Hungarian Grey
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Icelandic Cattle
Icelandic Cattle (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Icelandic Cattle
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Illawarra Shorthorn
Illawarra Shorthorn
Illawarra Shorthorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Australian Illawarra Shorthorn
https://omia.org
Illawarra Shorthorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Indo-Brasilian
Indo-Brasilian (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Indo-Brasilian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Inra 95
Inra 95 (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Inra 95
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Irish Moiled
Irish Moiled (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Irish Moiled
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Istoben
Istoben (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Istoben
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jamaica Hope
Jamaica Hope (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jamaica Hope
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Japanese Native
Japanese Native (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Japanese Native
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jersey
Jersey (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jersey
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jersey
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jiddu
Jiddu (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jiddu
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jutland Cattle
Jutland Cattle (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Jutland Cattle
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kalmyk
Kalmyk (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kalmyk
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kalmyk
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kangayam
Kangayam (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kangayam
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Katerini
Katerini (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Katerini
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kazakh
Mongolian Turano
Kazakh (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kazakh
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mongolian Turano
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kazakh Whiteheaded
Whiteheaded Kazakh
Kazakh Whiteheaded (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kazakh Whiteheaded
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Whiteheaded Kazakh
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kerry
Kerry (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kerry
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kerry
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Khillar
Khillari
Khillari (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Khillar
https://omia.org
Khillari
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kholmogor
Kholmogory
Kholmogory (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kholmogor
https://omia.org
Kholmogory
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kostroma
Kostroma (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kostroma
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kouprey
Kouprey (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kouprey
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kurdi
Kurdi (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kurdi
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kurgan
Kurgan (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kurgan
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kuri
Kuri (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Kuri
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lagune
Lagune (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lagune
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lakenvelder
Lakenvelder (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lakenvelder
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lakenvelder
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Latvian Brown
Latvian Brown (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Latvian Brown
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lebanese
Lebanese (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lebanese
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lebedin
Lebedin (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lebedin
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Leonese
Leonese (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Leonese
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limangus
Limangus (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limangus
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limiá
Limiá (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limiá
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limousin
Limousin (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limousin
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limousin
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limpurger
Limpurger (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Limpurger
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lincoln Red
Lincoln Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lincoln Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lithuanian Red (LR)
Lithuanian Red (LR) (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lithuanian Red (LR)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Longhorn
Longhorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Longhorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Longhorn
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lourdais
Lourdais (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lourdais
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lowline
Lowline (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lowline
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lugware
Lugware (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lugware
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Luing
Luing (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Luing
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lulu
Lulu (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Lulu
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mölltaler
Mölltaler (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mölltaler
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Maas-Rijn-Ijssel
Red and White Dutch
Maas-Rijn-Ijssel (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Maas-Rijn-Ijssel
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Red and White Dutch
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Maine Anjou
Maine-Anjou
Maine-Anjou (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Maine Anjou
https://omia.org
Maine-Anjou
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Majorcan
Majorcan (Cattle)
Majorcan
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Malaysian Friesian Sahiwal
Malaysian Friesian Sahiwal (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Malaysian Friesian Sahiwal
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Manjaque
Manjaque (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Manjaque
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Maraichine
Maraichine (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Maraichine
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Marchigiana
Marchigiana (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Marchigiana
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Marchigiana
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Marine Landais
Marine Landais (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Marine Landais
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Masai
Masai (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Masai
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mashona
Mashona (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mashona
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mashona
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Maure
Maure (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Maure
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Megruli Red
Megruli Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Megruli Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Menggu
Menggu (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Menggu
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Milking Devon
Milking Devon (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Milking Devon
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Milking Shorthorn
Milking Shorthorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Milking Shorthorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mirandesa
Mirandesa (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mirandesa
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mithun
Mithun (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mithun
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Modica
Modicana
Modicana (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Modica
https://omia.org
Modicana
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Monchina
Monchina (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Monchina
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mongolian
Mongolian (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mongolian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Montana
Montana (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Montana
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Montbeliarde
Montbéliarde
Montbéliarde (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Montbeliarde
https://omia.org
Montbéliarde
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Morucha
Morucha (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Morucha
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mpwapwa
Mpwapwa (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Mpwapwa
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murboden
Murboden (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murboden
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murboden
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murcian
Murcian (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murcian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murnau Werdenfelser
Murnau-Werdenfels
Murnau-Werdenfels (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murnau Werdenfelser
https://omia.org
Murnau-Werdenfels
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murray Grey
Murray Grey (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murray Grey
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Murray Grey
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Musi
Musi (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Musi
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Muturu
Muturu West African
Muturu (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Muturu
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Muturu
https://omia.org
Muturu West African
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
N'Dama
N'dama
N'dama (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
N'Dama
https://omia.org
N'dama
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
N'gabou
N'gabou (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
N'gabou
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nantaise
Nantaise (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nantaise
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nelore
Nelore (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nelore
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Manguni
Nguni
Nguni (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Manguni
https://omia.org
Nguni
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nguni
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nil
Nil (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nil
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nkone
Nkone (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Nkone
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Normande
Normandy
Normande (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Normande
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Normande
https://omia.org
Normandy
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Norwegian Red
Norwegian Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Norwegian Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ongole
Ongole (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Ongole
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Original Angler
Original Angler (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Original Angler
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Original Brown
Original Brown (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Original Brown
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
German Brown
Original German Brown
Original German Brown (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
German Brown
https://omia.org
Original German Brown
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Original Swiss Brown
Original Swiss Brown (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Original Swiss Brown
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Palmera
Palmera (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Palmera
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Parthenais
Parthenaise
Parthenais (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Parthenais
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Parthenaise
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pie Rouge des Plaines
Pie Rouge des Plaines (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pie Rouge des Plaines
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Piedmont
Piedmontese
Piemontese
Piedmont (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Piedmont
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Piedmont
https://omia.org
Piedmontese
https://omia.org
Piemontese
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pineywoods
Pineywoods (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pineywoods
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pinzgau
Pinzgauer
Pinzgau (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pinzgau
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pinzgau
https://omia.org
Pinzgauer
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pinzgau polled
Pinzgau polled (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pinzgau polled
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Apulian
Podolian
Podolian Grey Steppe
Podolian (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Apulian
https://omia.org
Podolian
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Podolian
https://omia.org
Podolian Grey Steppe
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
polish black and white
polish black and white (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
polish black and white
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polish Red
Polish Red (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polish Red
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polish Red
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polish red and white
Polish red and white (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polish red and white
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polish Whitebacked
Polish Whitebacked (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polish Whitebacked
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Poll Hereford
Polled Hereford
Polled Hereford (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Poll Hereford
https://omia.org
Polled Hereford
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Poll Shorthorn
Polled Shorthorn
Polled Shorthorn (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Poll Shorthorn
https://omia.org
Polled Shorthorn
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polled Sussex
Polled Sussex (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Polled Sussex
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pomurska (Murboden) cattle - extinct
Pomurska (Murboden) cattle - extinct (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pomurska (Murboden) cattle - extinct
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Puerto Rican
Puerto Rican (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Puerto Rican
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pustertaler Sprinzen
Pustertaler Sprinzen (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pustertaler Sprinzen
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pyrenean
Pyrenean (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Pyrenean
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Randall Lineback
Randall Lineback (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Randall Lineback
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Rawicka
Rawicka (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Rawicka
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Red Angus
Red Angus (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Red Angus
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Red Angus
https://omia.org
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Red Bororo
Red Bororo (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Red Bororo
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Red Brangus
Red Brangus (Cattle)
https://www.fao.org/dad-is
Red Brangus