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*Created by this repo author*
# Every Programmer Should Know :thinking: A collection of (mostly) technical things every software developer should know. *These are resources I can recommend to every programmer regardless of their skill level or tech stack* Highly opinionated :bomb:. Not backed by science. Comes in no particular order :recycle:
### :star: it and share with a friendly developer!

*P.S. You [don't need to know](https://xkcd.com/1050/) all of that by heart to be a programmer. But knowing the stuff will help you become better! :muscle:* *P.P.S. [Contributions](CONTRIBUTING.md) are welcome!* ---- ### Introduction - :movie_camera: [Map of Computer Science](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzJ46YA_RaA) - :movie_camera: [40 Key Computer Science Concepts Explained In Layman’s Terms](http://carlcheo.com/compsci) - :page_facing_up: [Computer Science Roadmap](https://roadmap.sh/computer-science) - :page_facing_up: [Community-driven Roadmaps for Developers](https://github.com/kamranahmedse/developer-roadmap) ### Falsehoods - [Awesome Falsehoods](https://github.com/kdeldycke/awesome-falsehood) πŸ’Š Curated list of falsehoods programmers believe in. Check for things you do not know about Strings, Addresses, Names, Numbers, Emails, Timezones and Dates and more. ### Algorithms - [Big O Cheatsheet](http://bigocheatsheet.com/) - :book: [Computer Science Distilled](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/34189798-computer-science-distilled) - :book: [Grokking Algorithms](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/22847284-grokking-algorithms-an-illustrated-guide-for-programmers-and-other-curio) - :book: [Introduction to Algorithms](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/108986.Introduction_to_Algorithms?from_search=true&from_srp=true&qid=8mUglV9uZ1&rank=1) - [Algorithms Visualization](https://www.cs.usfca.edu/~galles/visualization/Algorithms.html) - [Algorithms for Competitive Programming](https://cp-algorithms.com/) ### Data Structures - πŸ“– [Hello Algo](https://www.hello-algo.com/en/chapter_preface/about_the_book/) - :movie_camera: [UC Berkeley, Data Structures Course](https://sp19.datastructur.es/) - [Foundations of Data Structures - EDX](https://www.edx.org/course/foundations-data-structures-iitbombayx-cs213-1x-0#!) - [Data Structures - Coursera](https://www.coursera.org/learn/data-structures) - [Mathematics for Computer Science - Eric Lehman](https://people.csail.mit.edu/meyer/mcs.pdf) ### Numbers - :book: [How to Count](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/12093869-how-to-count) - :page_facing_up: [Floating Point Guide](http://floating-point-gui.de/) - :page_facing_up: [What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19957-01/806-3568/ncg_goldberg.html#680) - :page_facing_up: [Basic Number Theory Every Programmer Should Know...](https://www.codechef.com/wiki/tutorial-number-theory/) ### Strings - :page_facing_up: [Unicode and Character Sets](https://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/Unicode.html) - [Homoglyphs](https://github.com/codebox/homoglyph/) - [Unicode Common Locale Data Repository](http://cldr.unicode.org/) - :movie_camera: [ASCII](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1Sf1IhA0j4) - :movie_camera: [UTF-8](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLBtrd9Ar28) ### Latency - [Interactive Latency Infographics](https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~rcs/research/interactive_latency.html) - :page_facing_up: [Latency Numbers Every Programmer Should Know](https://gist.github.com/jboner/2841832) ### Time - :page_facing_up: [Some notes about time](https://unix4lyfe.org/time/) - :movie_camera: [The Problem with Timezones](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5wpm-gesOY) ### Memory - :page_facing_up: [What every Programmer should know about memory](https://lwn.net/Articles/250967/) ### Distributed Systems - :book: [Understanding Distributed Systems](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/56977420-understanding-distributed-systems) - :book: [Designing Data-Intensive Applications](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/23463279-designing-data-intensive-applications) - :scroll: [Designs, Lessons and Advice from Building Large Distributed Systems](https://www.cs.cornell.edu/projects/ladis2009/talks/dean-keynote-ladis2009.pdf) - :scroll: [Time, Clocks and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/time-clocks-ordering-events-distributed-system/?from=http%3A%2F%2Fresearch.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fum%2Fpeople%2Flamport%2Fpubs%2Ftime-clocks.pdf) - :page_facing_up: [There is No Now](https://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=2745385) - :page_facing_up: [Jepsen: how different databases behave under partition](https://aphyr.com/tags/jepsen) - :scroll: [Fallacies of Distributed Computing Explained](https://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~zuyu/files/fallacies.pdf) ### Machine Learning - :school: [Andrew NG Machine Learning Specification Class](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/machine-learning-introduction) ### RegExp - :link: [RegexHQ](https://github.com/regexhq) - :link: [Learn regex the easy way](https://github.com/ziishaned/learn-regex) - :link: [Regex Crossword](https://regexcrossword.com/) ### Security - :book: [Security Programming](https://www.dwheeler.com/secure-programs/) - :page_facing_up: [Rolling Your Own Crypto](http://loup-vaillant.fr/articles/rolling-your-own-crypto) - :page_facing_up: [Cryptographic Right Answers](https://gist.github.com/tqbf/be58d2d39690c3b366ad) - :page_facing_up: [An Open Letter to Developers Everywhere (About Cryptography)](https://gist.github.com/paragonie-scott/e9319254c8ecbad4f227) - :book: [Foundations of Security: What Every Programmer Needs to Know ](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/128003.Foundations_of_Security) - :page_facing_up: [OWASP Top 10](https://owasp.org/www-project-top-ten) - The "gold standard" for web application vulnerabilities. - :page_facing_up: [Portswigger Academy](https://portswigger.net) - Practical Labs for learning about web application security. - :page_facing_up: [Web Application Exploits and Defenses](https://google-gruyere.appspot.com/part1) - :page_facing_up: [Hashing, Encryption and Encoding](https://www.integralist.co.uk/posts/hashing-and-encryption/) ### UX/Usability - :book: [Don't Make Me Think: A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/18197267-don-t-make-me-think-revisited) - :movie_camera: [Inventing on Principle](https://vimeo.com/906418692) ### SEO - :page_facing_up: [What Every Programmer Should Know About SEO](https://katemats.com/blog/what-every-programmer-should-know-about-seo) ### Architecture - :scroll: [A Field Guide to Boxology](https://web.cs.wpi.edu/~cs562/s98/pdf/Boxology.pdf) - :scroll: [Out of the Tar Pit](https://github.com/papers-we-love/papers-we-love/blob/master/design/out-of-the-tar-pit.pdf?raw=true) - :scroll: [No Silver Bullet β€” Essence and Accidents of Software Engineering](http://www.cs.unc.edu/techreports/86-020.pdf) - :movie_camera: [Growing a Language](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ahvzDzKdB0) - :movie_camera: [CQRS and Event Sourcing](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHGkaShoyNs) - :book: [Practical Object Oriented Design in Ruby](https://www.poodr.com/) - :movie_camera: [Evolutionary Software Architectures](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CglSFhwbI3s) - [System Design: A Primer](https://github.com/donnemartin/system-design-primer) - :page_facing_up: [How JavaScript works: part-1](https://medium.com/sessionstack-blog/how-does-javascript-actually-work-part-1-b0bacc073cf), [2](https://medium.com/sessionstack-blog/how-javascript-works-inside-the-v8-engine-5-tips-on-how-to-write-optimized-code-ac089e62b12e), [3](https://medium.com/sessionstack-blog/how-javascript-works-memory-management-how-to-handle-4-common-memory-leaks-3f28b94cfbec), [4](https://medium.com/sessionstack-blog/how-javascript-works-event-loop-and-the-rise-of-async-programming-5-ways-to-better-coding-with-2f077c4438b5) - :movie_camera: [Entity-Component-System Architecture with Unity by example](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lNTaC-JWmdI&t=166s&list=PLZlJZzHmx31XvgT96DfbXQ4IMb1ryztbp&index=33) ### Code Design - :page_facing_up: [Programming Principles Wiki](http://www.principles-wiki.net/) ### Engineering Philosophy - :movie_camera: [Category Theory in Life](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ho7oagHeqNc) - :movie_camera: [Simple Made Easy](https://www.infoq.com/presentations/Simple-Made-Easy) - :page_facing_up: [Speed In Software Development](https://www.targetprocess.com/articles/speed-in-software-development/) - :movie_camera: [#NoEstimates](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QVBlnCTu9Ms) - :movie_camera: [The Myth of the Genius Programmer](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0SARbwvhupQ&feature=youtu.be) - :movie_camera: [Making Badass Developers](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKTxC9pl-WM&t=2s) - :page_facing_up: [The Ten Rules of a Zen Programmer](https://www.zenprogrammer.org/en/10-rules-of-a-zen-programmer.html) - :page_facing_up: [The mythical 10x programmer](http://antirez.com/news/112) - :page_facing_up: [The Debugging Mindset](https://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=3068754) - :movie_camera: [The Future of Programming](http://worrydream.com/dbx/) - :page_facing_up: [The Good Software Development Manifesto](https://www.infoworld.com/article/3214481/application-development/the-good-software-development-manifesto.html) - :movie_camera: [All the Little Things](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bZh5LMaSmE) - :page_facing_up: [Teach Yourself Programming in Ten Years](http://norvig.com/21-days.html) ### Practices - :book: [Working Effectively with Legacy Code](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/44919.Working_Effectively_with_Legacy_Code) - :book: [The Art of Readable Code: Simple and Practical Techniques for Writing Better Code](https://www.goodreads.com/ru/book/show/8677004-the-art-of-readable-code) - :book: [Code Complete](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4845.Code_Complete) - :book: [Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/3735293-clean-code) - :book: [Test Driven Development: By Example](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/387190.Test_Driven_Development) - :white_check_mark: [Going To Production Checklist](https://github.com/mr-mig/going-to-production) - :book: [Release It!](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1069827.Release_It_) - :book: [Professor Frisby's Mostly Adequate Guide to Functional Programming](https://mostly-adequate.gitbook.io/mostly-adequate-guide/) - :book: [SICP: Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/43713.Structure_and_Interpretation_of_Computer_Programs) - :page_facing_up: [Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Turtle](https://fsharpforfunandprofit.com/posts/13-ways-of-looking-at-a-turtle-3/) - :scroll: [Programming Paradigms for Dummies: What Every Programmer Should Know](https://www.info.ucl.ac.be/~pvr/VanRoyChapter.pdf) - [Learn X in Y Minutes](https://learnxinyminutes.com/) Learn the basics of a language in a highly condensed way. - [Hyperpolyglot](http://hyperpolyglot.org/) Compare commonly used features of more or less similar languages side-by-side. Helps you to jump Python<->Ruby, Ocaml<->Haskell, etc. - :page_facing_up: [Pomodoro for Programmers](https://medium.com/@mr_mig_by/pomodoro-for-programmers-d6568dd1e6fc) - :book: [Site Reliability Engineering](https://landing.google.com/sre/sre-book/toc/index.html) ### Career - :moneybag: [Levels FYI](https://www.levels.fyi) Salary stats for various tech companies. Better than Glassdoor. - :page_facing_up: [10 Things Every Programmer Should Know For Their First Job](http://www.applematters.com/article/10-things-every-programmer-should-know-for-their-first-job/) - :page_facing_up: [How Much Do Software Engineers Really Make in Each City?](https://www.codementor.io/blog/best-cities-software-engineer-earnings-271vpf599k) - :page_facing_up: [Software Engineers Tenure in San Francisco](https://hackerlife.co/blog/san-francisco-large-corporation-employee-tenure) - [Software Engineering 101](https://slides.com/mr-mig/se101) - :book: [The Passionate Programmer](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6399113-the-passionate-programmer) - :book: [Soft Skills: The software developer's life manual](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/23232941-soft-skills) - :book: [The Complete Software Developer's Career Guide](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35674293-the-complete-software-developer-s-career-guide) - :book: [Programming Beyond Practices: Be More Than Just a Code Monkey](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/29895093-programming-beyond-practices) - [A list of European Investors](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1hfl67rI0Pk_hSm0GIX0QByW4NgfAH-cEmMa4N6UoO1w/edit#gid=1203141194) - :page_facing_up: [Ten Rules for Negotiating a Job Offer](https://medium.com/free-code-camp/ten-rules-for-negotiating-a-job-offer-ee17cccbdab6) - :page_facing_up: [How To Interview As a Developer Candidate](https://medium.freecodecamp.com/how-to-interview-as-a-developer-candidate-b666734f12dd) - :page_facing_up: [How To Get a Tech Job Abroad Faster](https://relocate.me/blog/job-relocation/landing-a-tech-job-abroad-7-simple-tips/#more-514) - :book: [How To Be A STAR Engineer](http://vlsicad.ucsd.edu/Research/Advice/star_engineer.pdf) - πŸ“ˆ [TL;DR; Stock Options](https://web.archive.org/web/20190304234515/https://tldroptions.io/) - [Discussion on HN #1](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14463260) - [Discussion on HN #2](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19301570) - πŸ“„ [The Open Guide to Equity Compensation](https://github.com/jlevy/og-equity-compensation) - :page_facing_up: [Equity 101 for Startup Employees](https://blog.carta.com/equity-101-stock-option-basics/) - :book: [Cracking the Coding Interview: 189 Programming Questions and Solutions](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/25707092-cracking-the-coding-interview) - :fire: [Everything you need to know to get the job](https://github.com/kdn251/interviews) - :book: [Tech Interview Handbook](https://github.com/yangshun/tech-interview-handbook) - :page_facing_up: [Teach Yourself Programming in Ten Years](https://norvig.com/21-days.html) - :page_facing_up: [What you should know as a founder of a software company](https://qotoqot.com/blog/founder-skills/) - :movie_camera: [Code Interview Prep & Programming Questions | Pramp](https://www.pramp.com/) - :book: [97 things every programmer should know](https://github.com/97-things/97-things-every-programmer-should-know) - :movie_camera: [A Philosophy of Software Design | John Ousterhout | Talks at Google](https://wwwtube.com/watch?v=bmSAYlu0NcY&t=403s) ### Fine-tune Your Resume - :hammer: [CV Compiler](https://cvcompiler.com/) ### Open Source - :globe_with_meridians: [Learn how to use Git and GitHub](https://www.deployhq.com/git) ### Remote Work - :globe_with_meridians: [Remotive.io: Startups hiring remotely](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1TLJSlNxCbwRNxy14Toe1PYwbCTY7h0CNHeer9J0VRzE/htmlview?sle=true#gid=1279011369) - :globe_with_meridians: [Remote Work List for Developers](https://github.com/georgemandis/remote-working-list) - :zap: [NomadList](https://nomadlist.com/) - :book: [The Ultimate Guide to Remote Work](https://zapier.com/learn/remote-work/) - :house: [Awesome Remote Job](https://github.com/lukasz-madon/awesome-remote-job) ### Problem Solving - :book: [The Art and Craft of Problem Solving](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/593458.The_Art_and_Craft_of_Problem_Solving) - :book: [How to Solve It: A New Aspect of Mathematical Method](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/192221.How_to_Solve_It) ### Soft Skills - :book: [Difficult Conversations](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/774088.Difficult_Conversations) - :book: [Crucial Conversations](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/15014.Crucial_Conversations) - :book: [How to Win Friends and Influence People](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4865.How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People) ### Mental Health - [Awesome Mental Health](https://github.com/dreamingechoes/awesome-mental-health) A curated list of awesome articles, websites and resources about mental health in the software industry. ### Papers on Programming - :heart: [Papers We Love](https://github.com/papers-we-love/papers-we-love) - :newspaper: [The Morning Paper](https://blog.acolyer.org/) - πŸ“œ [What Every Programmer Should Know About Memory](https://akkadia.org/drepper/cpumemory.pdf) - πŸ“œ [Go To Statement Considered Harmful](https://homepages.cwi.nl/~storm/teaching/reader/Dijkstra68.pdf) - :newspaper: [Arxiv](https://arxiv.org/) - :newspaper: [Sci-hub](https://sci-hub.se/) ### Free Books on Programming - :books: [Free Programming Books](https://github.com/EbookFoundation/free-programming-books) ### Services :zap: - πŸ€– [Abstract API's](https://www.abstractapi.com) - [Free For Dev](https://github.com/ripienaar/free-for-dev/blob/master/README.md) - [Public APIs](https://github.com/abhishekbanthia/Public-APIs) - [The Noun Project](https://thenounproject.com/) - [Without Coding](https://www.producthunt.com/@jurica87/collections/without-coding) - [Simpleicons](https://simpleicons.org/) - [Learn Anything](https://learn-anything.xyz/) - [repl.it](https://repl.it/) ### Licenses - [Choose An Open Source License](https://choosealicense.com/) - [Well-explained Software licenses in TLDR version](https://tldrlegal.com/) - [How open source licenses work and how to add them to your projects](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-open-source-licenses-work-and-how-to-add-them-to-your-projects-34310c3cf94) ### Where To Look For Further Info - [freeCodeCamp Guide](https://guide.freecodecamp.org/) - [GeeksForGeeks](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/) - [Dev.To](https://dev.to/) - [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/) - [Dzone](https://dzone.com/) ### Coding Practice Sites :zap: - :link: [CodeForces](http://codeforces.com/) - :link: [CodeChef](https://www.codechef.com) - :link: [Coderbyte](https://coderbyte.com/) - :link: [CodinGame](https://www.codingame.com/) - :link: [Cs Academy](https://csacademy.com/) - :link: [HackerRank](https://hackerrank.com/) - :link: [Spoj](https://spoj.com/) - :link: [HackerEarth](https://hackerearth.com/) - :link: [TopCoder](https://www.topcoder.com/) - :link: [Codewars](https://codewars.com/) - :link: [Exercism](http://www.exercism.io/) - :link: [CodeSignal](https://codesignal.com/) - :link: [Project Euler](https://projecteuler.net/) - :link: [LeetCode](https://leetcode.com/) - :link: [Firecode.io](https://www.firecode.io/) - :link: [InterviewBit](https://www.interviewbit.com/) - :link: [uCoder](https://ucoder.com.br) - :link: [LintCode](https://www.lintcode.com/) - :link: [CodeCombat](https://codecombat.com/) - :link: [InterviewCake](https://www.interviewcake.com/) - :link: [At Coder](https://atcoder.jp/) - :link: [Codility](https://www.codility.com/) - :link: [ICPC Problem Archive](https://icpc.kattis.com/) - :link: [Codemia](https://codemia.io/) - :link: [LabEx](https://labex.io/) - :link: [Codebattle](https://codebattle.hexlet.io/) ### Learning through entertainment: - [Robocode](https://robocode.sourceforge.io/) - [Elevatorsaga](https://play.elevatorsaga.com/) - [Untrusted](https://alexnisnevich.github.io/untrusted/) - [CSS Diner](https://flukeout.github.io/) - [CodingGame](https://www.codingame.com/start/) ### Platform Engineering > A modern discipline that evolved from DevOps and SRE principles, focused on improving developer experience and productivity by building and managing self-service tools and workflows, often through an Internal Developer Platform (IDP). The goal is to reduce cognitive load on developers and streamline the path to production. - **What is Platform Engineering?** * [Microsoft Learn: What is platform engineering?](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/platform-engineering/what-is-platform-engineering) A comprehensive overview of the practice, its goals, and core capabilities. * [Atlassian: What is Platform Engineering?](https://www.atlassian.com/developer-experience/platform-engineering) A great explanation of the roles and responsibilities of a platform team. - **Internal Developer Platform (IDP)** * [internaldeveloperplatform.org: What is an IDP?](https://internaldeveloperplatform.org/what-is-an-internal-developer-platform/) A foundational resource explaining the concept of an IDP as the core product of a platform team. * [Atlassian: Internal Developer Platform Guide](https://www.atlassian.com/developer-experience/internal-developer-platform) A deep dive into the benefits and best practices for building an IDP. - **Golden Paths (Paved Roads)** * [Spotify Engineering: How we use Golden Paths to solve fragmentation](https://backstage.spotify.com/learn/onboarding-software-to-backstage/setting-up-software-templates/11-spotify-templates/) The original concept from Spotify, explaining how they use "opinionated and supported paths" to guide developers. * [Red Hat: What is a Golden Path for software development?](https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/devops/golden-paths) * A clear article on how Golden Paths provide templates and standardized workflows to increase efficiency.