false true nonzero evenodd inherit lr-tb rl-tb tb-rl lr rl tb inherit auto baseline before-edge text-before-edge middle central after-edge text-after-edge ideographic alphabetic hanging mathematical inherit ltr rtl inherit auto use-script no-change reset-size ideographic alphabetic hanging mathematical central middle text-after-edge text-before-edge inherit start middle end inherit normal embed bidi-override inherit normal wider narrower ultra-condensed extra-condensed condensed semi-condensed semi-expanded expanded extra-expanded ultra-expanded inherit normal italic oblique inherit normal small-caps inherit normal bold bolder lighter 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 inherit auto sRGB linearRGB inherit default preserve visible hidden scroll auto inherit butt round square inherit miter round bevel inherit auto sRGB linearRGB inherit auto optimizeSpeed optimizeQuality inherit inline block list-item run-in compact marker table inline-table table-row-group table-header-group table-footer-group table-row table-column-group table-column table-cell table-caption none inherit auto optimizeSpeed optimizeQuality inherit visiblePainted visibleFill visibleStroke visible painted fill stroke all none inherit auto optimizeSpeed crispEdges geometricPrecision inherit auto optimizeSpeed optimizeLegibility geometricPrecision inherit visible hidden inherit simple other onLoad simple other onLoad simple embed onLoad simple new replace onRequest disable magnify 1.1 preserve spacing spacingAndGlyphs spacing spacingAndGlyphs spacing spacingAndGlyphs spacing spacingAndGlyphs align stretch auto exact strokeWidth userSpaceOnUse auto perceptual relative-colorimetric saturation absolute-colorimetric userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox pad reflect repeat userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox pad reflect repeat userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox userSpaceOnUse objectBoundingBox normal multiply screen darken lighten matrix saturate hueRotate luminanceToAlpha over in out atop xor arithmetic duplicate wrap none R G B A R G B A erode dilate stitch noStitch fractalNoise turbulence identity table discrete linear gamma identity table discrete linear gamma identity table discrete linear gamma identity table discrete linear gamma disable magnify always never whenNotActive remove freeze discrete linear paced spline replace sum none sum discrete linear paced spline translate scale rotate skewX skewY
s Sharp. f Flat. ss Double sharp (written as 2 sharps). x Double sharp (written using croix). ff Double flat. xs Triple sharp (written as a croix followed by a sharp). sx Triple sharp (written as a sharp followed by a croix). ts Triple sharp (written as 3 sharps). tf Triple flat. n Natural. nf Natural + flat; used to cancel preceding double flat. ns Natural + sharp; used to cancel preceding double sharp. su Sharp note raised by quarter tone (sharp modified by arrow). sd Sharp note lowered by quarter tone (sharp modified by arrow). fu Flat note raised by quarter tone (flat modified by arrow). fd Flat note lowered by quarter tone (flat modified by arrow). nu Natural note raised by quarter tone (natural modified by arrow). nd Natural note lowered by quarter tone (natural modified by arrow). xu Double sharp note raised by quarter tone (double sharp modified by arrow). xd Double sharp note lowered by quarter tone (double sharp modified by arrow). ffu Double flat note raised by quarter tone (double flat modified by arrow). ffd Double flat note lowered by quarter tone (double flat modified by arrow). 1qf 1/4-tone flat accidental. 3qf 3/4-tone flat accidental. 1qs 1/4-tone sharp accidental. 3qs 3/4-tone sharp accidental. bms Büyük mücenneb (sharp). kms Küçük mücenneb (sharp). bs Bakiye (sharp). ks Koma (sharp). kf Koma (flat). bf Bakiye (flat). kmf Küçük mücenneb (flat). bmf Büyük mücenneb (flat). koron Koron (quarter tone flat). sori Sori (quarter tone sharp). s Sharp. f Flat. ss Double sharp. ff Double flat. ts Triple sharp. tf Triple flat. n Natural. su Three quarter-tones sharp. sd Quarter-tone sharp. fu Quarter-tone flat. fd Three quarter-tones flat. xu Five quarter-tones sharp. ffd Five quarter-tones flat. acc Accent (Unicode 1D17B). acc-inv Inverted accent. acc-long Long accent, used to indicate an elongated accent mark. It is the responsibility of the encoder to distinguish between accents and hairpins. acc-soft Soft accent, see SMuFL Articulation supplement (U+ED40–U+ED4F). stacc Staccato (Unicode 1D17C). ten Tenuto (Unicode 1D17D). stacciss Staccatissimo (Unicode 1D17E). marc Marcato (Unicode 1D17F). spicc Spiccato. stress Stress (Unicode 00B4). unstress Unstress (Unicode 02D8). doit Main note followed by short slide to higher, indeterminate pitch (Unicode 1D185). scoop Main note preceded by short slide from lower, indeterminate pitch (Unicode 1D186). rip Main note preceded by long slide from lower, often indeterminate pitch; also known as "squeeze". plop Main note preceded by "slide" from higher, indeterminate pitch. fall Main note followed by short "slide" to lower, indeterminate pitch. longfall Main note followed by long "slide" to lower, indeterminate pitch. bend "lip slur" to lower pitch, then return to written pitch. flip Main note followed by quick upward rise, then descent in pitch (Unicode 1D187). smear (Unicode 1D188). shake Alternation between written pitch and next highest overtone (brass instruments) or note minor third higher (woodwinds). dnbow Down bow (Unicode 1D1AA). upbow Up bow (Unicode 1D1AB). harm Harmonic (Unicode 1D1AC). snap Snap pizzicato (Unicode 1D1AD). fingernail Fingernail (Unicode 1D1B3). damp Stop harp string from sounding (Unicode 1D1B4). dampall Stop all harp strings from sounding (Unicode 1D1B5). open Full (as opposed to stopped) tone. stop "muffled" tone. dbltongue Double tongue (Unicode 1D18A). trpltongue Triple tongue (Unicode 1D18B). heel Use heel (organ pedal). toe Use toe (organ pedal). tap Percussive effect on guitar string(s). lhpizz Left-hand pizzicato. dot Uninterpreted dot. stroke Uninterpreted stroke. 4 mensur Between staves only. staff Between and across staves as necessary. takt Short bar line through a subset of staff lines. dashed Dashed line (SMuFL E036 and Unicode 1D104). dotted Dotted line (SMuFL E037). dbl Double bar line (SMuFL E031 and Unicode 1D101). dbldashed Double dashed line. dbldotted Double dotted line. dblheavy Heavy double bar line (SMuFL E035). dblsegno Segno serpent with vertical lines (SMuFL E04B). end End bar line (SMuFL E032 and Unicode 1D102). heavy Heavy bar line (SMuFL E034). invis Bar line not rendered. rptstart Repeat start (SMuFL E040 and Unicode 1D106). rptboth Repeat start and end (SMuFL E042). rptend Repeat end (SMuFL E041 and Unicode 1D107). segno Segno serpent. single Single bar line (SMuFL E030 and Unicode 1D100). [i|m|t][1-6] above The beam is above the events it affects. below The beam is below the events it affects. mixed The beam is above and below the events it affects. 0 1|2|3|4|5 mixed \.25|\.5|\.75 [0-9](\.25|\.5|\.75)? full true True. false False. none Do not show cancellation accidentals. before Show cancellation accidentals before the new key accidentals. after Show cancellation accidentals after the new key accidentals ("Old style" or "French") before-bar Show cancellation accidentals before the barline (also known as "Russian"). high High certainty. medium Medium certainty. low Low certainty. unknown An unknown level of certainty. G G clef (Unicode 1D11E). GG Double G clef. Sounds one octave lower than G clef. (See remarks on usage below.) F F clef (Unicode 1D122). C C clef (Unicode 1D121). perc Drum clef (Unicode 1D125 or Unicode 1D126). TAB Tablature "clef"; i.e., usually "TAB" rendered vertically. white White keys. black Black keys. chromatic Mixed black and white keys. 0 1 aliceblue Hex: #f0f8ff / RGB: 240,248,255 antiquewhite Hex: #faebd7 / RGB: 250,235,215 aqua Hex: #00ffff / RGB: 0,255,255 aquamarine Hex: #7fffd4 / RGB: 127,255,212 azure Hex: #f0ffff / RGB: 240,255,255 beige Hex: #f5f5dc / RGB: 245,245,220 bisque Hex: #ffe4c4 / RGB: 255,228,196 black Hex: #000000 / RGB: 0,0,0 blanchedalmond Hex: #ffebcd / RGB: 255,235,205 blue Hex: #0000ff / RGB: 0,0,255 blueviolet Hex: #8a2be2 / RGB: 138,43,226 brown Hex: #a52a2a / RGB: 165,42,42 burlywood Hex: #deb887 / RGB: 222,184,135 cadetblue Hex: #5f9ea0 / RGB: 95,158,160 chartreuse Hex: #7fff00 / RGB: 127,255,0 chocolate Hex: #d2691e / RGB: 210,105,30 coral Hex: #ff7f50 / RGB: 255,127,80 cornflowerblue Hex: #6495ed / RGB: 100,149,237 cornsilk Hex: #fff8dc / RGB: 255,248,220 crimson Hex: #dc143c / RGB: 220,20,60 cyan Hex: #00ffff / RGB: 0,255,255 darkblue Hex: #00008b / RGB: 0,0,139 darkcyan Hex: #008b8b / RGB: 0,139,139 darkgoldenrod Hex: #b8860b / RGB: 184,134,11 darkgray Hex: #a9a9a9 / RGB: 169,169,169 darkgreen Hex: #006400 / RGB: 0,100,0 darkgrey Hex: #a9a9a9 / RGB: 169,169,169 darkkhaki Hex: #bdb76b / RGB: 189,183,107 darkmagenta Hex: #8b008b / RGB: 139,0,139 darkolivegreen Hex: #556b2f / RGB: 85,107,47 darkorange Hex: #ff8c00 / RGB: 255,140,0 darkorchid Hex: #9932cc / RGB: 153,50,204 darkred Hex: #8b0000 / RGB: 139,0,0 darksalmon Hex: #e9967a / RGB: 233,150,122 darkseagreen Hex: #8fbc8f / RGB: 143,188,143 darkslateblue Hex: #483d8b / RGB: 72,61,139 darkslategray Hex: #2f4f4f / RGB: 47,79,79 darkslategrey Hex: #2f4f4f / RGB: 47,79,79 darkturquoise Hex: #00ced1 / RGB: 0,206,209 darkviolet Hex: #9400d3 / RGB: 148,0,211 deeppink Hex: #ff1493 / RGB: 255,20,147 deepskyblue Hex: #00bfff / RGB: 0,191,255 dimgray Hex: #696969 / RGB: 105,105,105 dimgrey Hex: #696969 / RGB: 105,105,105 dodgerblue Hex: #1e90ff / RGB: 30,144,255 firebrick Hex: #b22222 / RGB: 178,34,34 floralwhite Hex: #fffaf0 / RGB: 255,250,240 forestgreen Hex: #228b22 / RGB: 34,139,34 fuchsia Hex: #ff00ff / RGB: 255,0,255 gainsboro Hex: #dcdcdc / RGB: 220,220,220 ghostwhite Hex: #f8f8ff / RGB: 248,248,255 gold Hex: #ffd700 / RGB: 255,215,0 goldenrod Hex: #daa520 / RGB: 218,165,32 gray Hex: #808080 / RGB: 128,128,128 green Hex: #008000 / RGB: 0,128,0 greenyellow Hex: #adff2f / RGB: 173,255,47 grey Hex: #808080 / RGB: 128,128,128 honeydew Hex: #f0fff0 / RGB: 240,255,240 hotpink Hex: #ff69b4 / RGB: 255,105,180 indianred Hex: #cd5c5c / RGB: 205,92,92 indigo Hex: #4b0082 / RGB: 75,0,130 ivory Hex: #fffff0 / RGB: 255,255,240 khaki Hex: #f0e68c / RGB: 240,230,140 lavender Hex: #e6e6fa / RGB: 230,230,250 lavenderblush Hex: #fff0f5 / RGB: 255,240,245 lawngreen Hex: #7cfc00 / RGB: 124,252,0 lemonchiffon Hex: #fffacd / RGB: 255,250,205 lightblue Hex: #add8e6 / RGB: 173,216,230 lightcoral Hex: #f08080 / RGB: 240,128,128 lightcyan Hex: #e0ffff / RGB: 224,255,255 lightgoldenrodyellow Hex: #fafad2 / RGB: 250,250,210 lightgray Hex: #d3d3d3 / RGB: 211,211,211 lightgreen Hex: #90ee90 / RGB: 144,238,144 lightgrey Hex: #d3d3d3 / RGB: 211,211,211 lightpink Hex: #ffb6c1 / RGB: 255,182,193 lightsalmon Hex: #ffa07a / RGB: 255,160,122 lightseagreen Hex: #20b2aa / RGB: 32,178,170 lightskyblue Hex: #87cefa / RGB: 135,206,250 lightslategray Hex: #778899 / RGB: 119,136,153 lightslategrey Hex: #778899 / RGB: 119,136,153 lightsteelblue Hex: #b0c4de / RGB: 176,196,222 lightyellow Hex: #ffffe0 / RGB: 255,255,224 lime Hex: #00ff00 / RGB: 0,255,0 limegreen Hex: #32cd32 / RGB: 50,205,50 linen Hex: #faf0e6 / RGB: 250,240,230 magenta Hex: #ff00ff / RGB: 255,0,255 maroon Hex: #800000 / RGB: 128,0,0 mediumaquamarine Hex: #66cdaa / RGB: 102,205,170 mediumblue Hex: #0000cd / RGB: 0,0,205 mediumorchid Hex: #ba55d3 / RGB: 186,85,211 mediumpurple Hex: #9370db / RGB: 147,112,219 mediumseagreen Hex: #3cb371 / RGB: 60,179,113 mediumslateblue Hex: #7b68ee / RGB: 123,104,238 mediumspringgreen Hex: #00fa9a / RGB: 0,250,154 mediumturquoise Hex: #48d1cc / RGB: 72,209,204 mediumvioletred Hex: #c71585 / RGB: 199,21,133 midnightblue Hex: #191970 / RGB: 25,25,112 mintcream Hex: #f5fffa / RGB: 245,255,250 mistyrose Hex: #ffe4e1 / RGB: 255,228,225 moccasin Hex: #ffe4b5 / RGB: 255,228,181 navajowhite Hex: #ffdead / RGB: 255,222,173 navy Hex: #000080 / RGB: 0,0,128 oldlace Hex: #fdf5e6 / RGB: 253,245,230 olive Hex: #808000 / RGB: 128,128,0 olivedrab Hex: #6b8e23 / RGB: 107,142,35 orange Hex: #ffa500 / RGB: 255,165,0 orangered Hex: #ff4500 / RGB: 255,69,0 orchid Hex: #da70d6 / RGB: 218,112,214 palegoldenrod Hex: #eee8aa / RGB: 238,232,170 palegreen Hex: #98fb98 / RGB: 152,251,152 paleturquoise Hex: #afeeee / RGB: 175,238,238 palevioletred Hex: #db7093 / RGB: 219,112,147 papayawhip Hex: #ffefd5 / RGB: 255,239,213 peachpuff Hex: #ffdab9 / RGB: 255,218,185 peru Hex: #cd853f / RGB: 205,133,63 pink Hex: #ffc0cb / RGB: 255,192,203 plum Hex: #dda0dd / RGB: 221,160,221 powderblue Hex: #b0e0e6 / RGB: 176,224,230 purple Hex: #800080 / RGB: 128,0,128 rebeccapurple Hex: #663399 / RGB: 102,51,153 red Hex: #ff0000 / RGB: 255,0,0 rosybrown Hex: #bc8f8f / RGB: 188,143,143 royalblue Hex: #4169e1 / RGB: 65,105,225 saddlebrown Hex: #8b4513 / RGB: 139,69,19 salmon Hex: #fa8072 / RGB: 250,128,114 sandybrown Hex: #f4a460 / RGB: 244,164,96 seagreen Hex: #2e8b57 / RGB: 46,139,87 seashell Hex: #fff5ee / RGB: 255,245,238 sienna Hex: #a0522d / RGB: 160,82,45 silver Hex: #c0c0c0 / RGB: 192,192,192 skyblue Hex: #87ceeb / RGB: 135,206,235 slateblue Hex: #6a5acd / RGB: 106,90,205 slategray Hex: #708090 / RGB: 112,128,144 slategrey Hex: #708090 / RGB: 112,128,144 snow Hex: #fffafa / RGB: 255,250,250 springgreen Hex: #00ff7f / RGB: 0,255,127 steelblue Hex: #4682b4 / RGB: 70,130,180 tan Hex: #d2b48c / RGB: 210,180,140 teal Hex: #008080 / RGB: 0,128,128 thistle Hex: #d8bfd8 / RGB: 216,191,216 tomato Hex: #ff6347 / RGB: 255,99,71 turquoise Hex: #40e0d0 / RGB: 64,224,208 violet Hex: #ee82ee / RGB: 238,130,238 wheat Hex: #f5deb3 / RGB: 245,222,179 white Hex: #ffffff / RGB: 255,255,255 whitesmoke Hex: #f5f5f5 / RGB: 245,245,245 yellow Hex: #ffff00 / RGB: 255,255,0 yellowgreen Hex: #9acd32 / RGB: 154,205,50 #[0-9A-Fa-f]{6,6} #[0-9A-Fa-f]{8,8} rgb\((\s*(([01]?[0-9]?[0-9])|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\s*,\s*){2}([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\s*\) rgba\(\s*(([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\s*,\s*){3}(0(\.\d+)?|1(\.0+)?)\s*\)|rgba\(\s*(((\d{1,2})?%|100%)\s*,\s*){2}(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*,\s*(0(\.\d+)?|1(\.0+)?)\s*\) hsl\(\s*((\d{1,2})|[12]\d{2}|3[0-5]\d|360)\s*,\s*(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*,\s*(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*\) hsla\(\s*(\d{1,2}|[12]\d{2}|3[0-5]\d|360)\s*,\s*(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*,\s*(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*,\s*(0(\.\d+)?|1(\.0+)?)\s*\) n In a northern direction. e In an eastern direction. s In a southern direction. w In a western direction. ne In a north-eastern direction. nw In a north-western direction. se In a south-eastern direction. sw In a south-western direction. 360.0 -360.0 ternaria Divisio ternaria. Three semibreves in a breve. quaternaria Divisio quaternaria. Foursemibreves in a breve. senariaimperf Divisio senaria imperfecta. Six semibreves in a breve (breve is divided into two, then into three). Aka senaria gallica. senariaperf Divisio senaria perfecta. Six semibreves in a breve (breve is divided into three, then into two). Aka senaria italica. octonaria Divisio octonaria. Eight semibreves in a breve. novenaria Divisio novenaria. Nine semibreves in a breve. duodenaria Divisio duodenaria. Twelve semibreves in a breve. paren Parentheses: ( and ). brack Square brackets: [ and ]. box Box. none None. above Above. below Below. left Left. right Right. above-left Above and left; north-west. above-right Above and right; north-east. below-left Below and left; south-west. below-right Below and right; south-east. void Unfilled solid Filled top Top half filled bottom Bottom half filled left Left half filled right Right half filled 1 4 x|o|t \d*(\.\d+)?(pt|vu) (pt|vu) 0+(pt|vu) 0+(\.0+)?(pt|vu) \.0+(pt|vu) 1 9 xx-small Smaller than x-small. x-small Smaller than small, larger than xx-small. small Smaller than normal, larger than x-small. normal Smaller than large, larger than small. large Smaller than x-large, larger than normal. x-large Smaller than xx-large, larger than large. xx-large Larger than x-large. smaller One size smaller than the current size. larger One size larger than the current size. italic Text slants to right. normal Unadorned. oblique Text slants to the left. bold Bold or heavy. normal Not bold. i First note/chord in glissando. m Note/chord that’s neither first nor last in glissando. t Last note in glissando. acc Time "stolen" from following note. unacc Time "stolen" from previous note. unknown No interpretation regarding performed value of grace note. quarter Filled, rotated oval (Unicode 1D158). half Unfilled, rotated oval (Unicode 1D157). whole Unfilled, rotated oval (Unicode 1D15D). backslash Unfilled backslash (~ reflection of Unicode 1D10D). circle Unfilled circle (Unicode 25CB). + Plus sign (Unicode 1D144). diamond Unfilled diamond (Unicode 1D1B9). isotriangle Unfilled isosceles triangle (Unicode 1D148). oval Unfilled, unrotated oval (Unicode 2B2D). piewedge Unfilled downward-pointing wedge (Unicode 1D154). rectangle Unfilled rectangle (Unicode 25AD). rtriangle Unfilled right triangle (Unicode 1D14A). semicircle Unfilled semi-circle (Unicode 1D152). slash Unfilled slash (~ Unicode 1D10D). square Unfilled square (Unicode 1D146). x X (Unicode 1D143). (#x|U\+)[A-F0-9]+ left Left aligned. right Right aligned. center Centered. justify Left and right aligned. [AdMmP][1-9][0-9]* u|d|s|n|sd|su (\+|\-)?([AdMmP])?[0-9]+ (\+|\-)?\d+(\.\d+)?hs [0-9.,DHMPRSTWYZ/:+\-]+ mixed|0|([1-9]|1[0-2])[f|s] 1 Single layer. 2o Two layers with opposing stems. 2f Two layers with 'floating' stems. 3o Three layers with opposing stems. 3f Three layers with 'floating' stems. recta Notes are "squeezed" together. obliqua Individual notes are replaced by an oblique figure. dashed Dashed line. dotted Dotted line. solid Straight, uninterrupted line. wavy Undulating line. angledown 90 degree turn down (similar to Unicode 231D at end of line, 231C at start). angleup 90 degree turn up (similar to Unicode 231F at end of line, 231E at start). angleright 90 degree turn right (syntactic sugar for "angledown" for vertical or angled lines). angleleft 90 degree turn left (syntactic sugar for "angleup" for vertical or angled lines). arrow Filled, triangular arrowhead (similar to Unicode U+25C0 or SMuFL U+EB78). arrowopen Open triangular arrowhead (similar to Unicode U+02C3 or SMuFL U+EB8A). arrowwhite Unfilled, triangular arrowhead (similar to Unicode U+25C1 or SMuFL U+EB82). harpoonleft Harpoon-shaped arrowhead left of line (similar to arrowhead of Unicode U+21BD). harpoonright Harpoon-shaped arrowhead right of line (similar to arrowhead of Unicode U+21BC). H Hauptstimme (Unicode U+1D1A6 or SMuFL U+E860). N Nebenstimme (Unicode U+1D1A7 or SMuFL U+E861). Th Theme (SMuFL U+E864). ThRetro Theme, retrograde (SMuFL U+E865). ThRetroInv Theme, retrograde inversion (SMuFL U+E866). ThInv Theme, inverted (SMuFL U+E867). T Theme (SMuFL U+E868). TInv Theme, inverted (SMuFL U+E869). CH Choralemelodie (SMuFL U+E86A). RH Hauptrhythmus (SMuFL U+E86B). none No start/end symbol. narrow Default line width. medium Twice as wide as narrow. wide Twice as wide as medium. ([0-9]+m\s*\+\s*)?[0-9]+(\.?[0-9]*)? (\+|-)?[0-9]+m\+[0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)? (\+)?\d+(\.\d+)?(cm|mm|in|pt|pc|px|vu)? (\+|-)?\d+(\.\d+)?(cm|mm|in|pt|pc|px|vu)? \d+(\.\d+)?(ch|em|ex)? (\+|-)?\d+(\.\d+)?(ch|em|ex)? aln Accented lower neighbor. ant Anticipation. app Appogiatura. apt Accented passing tone. arp Arpeggio tone (chordal tone). arp7 Arpeggio tone (7th added to the chord). aun Accented upper neighbor. chg Changing tone. cln Chromatic lower neighbor. ct Chord tone (i.e., not an embellishment). ct7 Chord tone (7th added to the chord). cun Chromatic upper neighbor. cup Chromatic unaccented passing tone. et Escape tone. ln Lower neighbor. ped Pedal tone. rep Repeated tone. ret Retardation. 23ret 2-3 retardation. 78ret 7-8 retardation. sus Suspension. 43sus 4-3 suspension. 98sus 9-8 suspension. 76sus 7-6 suspension. un Upper neighbor. un7 Upper neighbor (7th added to the chord). upt Unaccented passing tone. upt7 Unaccented passing tone (7th added to the chord). C Sign for tempus imperfectum. O Sign for tempus perfectum. t Sign for divisio ternaria. q Sign for divisio quaternaria. si Sign for divisio senaria imperfecta. i Sign for divisio senaria imperfecta. sg Sign for divisio senaria gallica. g Sign for divisio senaria gallica. sp Sign for divisio senaria perfecta. p Sign for divisio senaria perfecta. sy Sign for divisio senaria ytalica. y Sign for divisio senaria ytalica. n Sign for divisio novenaria. oc Sign for divisio octonaria. d Sign for divisio duodenaria. num Show only the number of beats. denomsym The lower number in the meter signature is replaced by a note symbol. norm Meter signature rendered using traditional numeric values. sym+norm Meter signature rendered using both the symbol and the traditional numeric values. common Common time; i.e., 4/4. cut Cut time; i.e., 2/2. open Open time signature, i.e., Senza misura. See Gould pp. 611–615. 0|([1-9]|1[0-5])o?|16o 0 Acoustic_Grand_Piano Acoustic Grand Piano, Program #0. Bright_Acoustic_Piano Bright Acoustic Piano, Program #1. Electric_Grand_Piano Electric Grand Piano, Program #2. Honky-tonk_Piano Honky-tonk Piano, Program #3. Electric_Piano_1 Electric Piano 1, Program #4. Electric_Piano_2 Electric Piano 2, Program #5. Harpsichord Harpsichord, Program #6. Clavi Clavi, Program #7. Celesta Celesta, Program #8. Glockenspiel Glockenspiel, Program #9. Music_Box Music Box, Program #10. Vibraphone Vibraphone, Program #11. Marimba Marimba, Program #12. Xylophone Xylophone, Program #13. Tubular_Bells Tubular Bells, Program #14. Dulcimer Dulcimer, Program #15. Drawbar_Organ Drawbar Organ, Program #16. Percussive_Organ Percussive Organ, Program #17. Rock_Organ Rock Organ, Program #18. Church_Organ Church Organ, Program #19. Reed_Organ Reed Organ, Program #20. Accordion Accordion, Program #21. Harmonica Harmonica, Program #22. Tango_Accordion Tango Accordion, Program #23. Acoustic_Guitar_nylon Acoustic Guitar (nylon), Program #24. Acoustic_Guitar_steel Acoustic Guitar (steel), Program #25. Electric_Guitar_jazz Electric Guitar (jazz), Program #26. Electric_Guitar_clean Electric Guitar (clean), Program #27. Electric_Guitar_muted Electric Guitar (muted), Program #28. Overdriven_Guitar Overdriven Guitar, Program #29. Distortion_Guitar Distortion Guitar, Program #30. Guitar_harmonics Guitar harmonics, Program #31. Acoustic_Bass Acoustic Bass, Program #32. Electric_Bass_finger Electric Bass (finger), Program #33. Electric_Bass_pick Electric Bass (pick), Program #34. Fretless_Bass Fretless Bass, Program #35. Slap_Bass_1 Slap Bass 1, Program #36. Slap_Bass_2 Slap Bass 2, Program #37. Synth_Bass_1 Synth Bass 1, Program #38. Synth_Bass_2 Synth Bass 2, Program #39. Violin Violin, Program #40. Viola Viola, Program #41. Cello Cello, Program #42. Contrabass Contrabass, Program #43. Tremolo_Strings Tremolo Strings, Program #44. Pizzicato_Strings Pizzicato Strings, Program #45. Orchestral_Harp Orchestral Harp, Program #46. Timpani Timpani, Program #47. String_Ensemble_1 String Ensemble 1, Program #48. String_Ensemble_2 String Ensemble 2, Program #49. SynthStrings_1 SynthStrings 1, Program #50. SynthStrings_2 SynthStrings 2, Program #51. Choir_Aahs Choir Aahs, Program #52. Voice_Oohs Voice Oohs, Program #53. Synth_Voice Synth Voice, Program #54. Orchestra_Hit Orchestra Hit, Program #55. Trumpet Trumpet, Program #56. Trombone Trombone, Program #57. Tuba Tuba, Program #58. Muted_Trumpet Muted Trumpet, Program #59. French_Horn French Horn, Program #60. Brass_Section Brass Section, Program #61. SynthBrass_1 SynthBrass 1, Program #62. SynthBrass_2 SynthBrass 2, Program #63. Soprano_Sax Soprano Sax, Program #64. Alto_Sax Alto Sax, Program #65. Tenor_Sax Tenor Sax, Program #66. Baritone_Sax Baritone Sax, Program #67. Oboe Oboe, Program #68. English_Horn English Horn, Program #69. Bassoon Bassoon, Program #70. Clarinet Clarinet, Program #71. Piccolo Piccolo, Program #72. Flute Flute, Program #73. Recorder Recorder, Program #74. Pan_Flute Pan Flute, Program #75. Blown_Bottle Blown Bottle, Program #76. Shakuhachi Shakuhachi, Program #77. Whistle Whistle, Program #78. Ocarina Ocarina, Program #79. Lead_1_square Lead 1 (square), Program #80. Lead_2_sawtooth Lead 2 (sawtooth), Program #81. Lead_3_calliope Lead 3 (calliope), Program #82. Lead_4_chiff Lead 4 (chiff), Program #83. Lead_5_charang Lead 5 (charang), Program #84. Lead_6_voice Lead 6 (voice), Program #85. Lead_7_fifths Lead 7 (fifths), Program #86. Lead_8_bass_and_lead Lead 8 (bass + lead), Program #87. Pad_1_new_age Pad 1 (new age), Program #88. Pad_2_warm Pad 2 (warm), Program #89. Pad_3_polysynth Pad 3 (polysynth), Program #90. Pad_4_choir Pad 4 (choir), Program #91. Pad_5_bowed Pad 5 (bowed), Program #92. Pad_6_metallic Pad 6 (metallic), Program #93. Pad_7_halo Pad 7 (halo), Program #94. Pad_8_sweep Pad 8 (sweep), Program #95. FX_1_rain FX 1 (rain), Program #96. FX_2_soundtrack FX 2 (soundtrack), Program #97. FX_3_crystal FX 3 (crystal), Program #98. FX_4_atmosphere FX 4 (atmosphere), Program #99. FX_5_brightness FX 5 (brightness), Program #100. FX_6_goblins FX 6 (goblins), Program #101. FX_7_echoes FX 7 (echoes), Program #102. FX_8_sci-fi FX 8 (sci-fi), Program #103. Sitar Sitar, Program #104. Banjo Banjo, Program #105. Shamisen Shamisen, Program #106. Koto Koto, Program #107. Kalimba Kalimba, Program #108. Bag_pipe Bag pipe, Program #109. Fiddle Fiddle, Program #110. Shanai Shanai, Program #111. Tinkle_Bell Tinkle Bell, Program #112. Agogo Agogo, Program #113. Steel_Drums Steel Drums, Program #114. Woodblock Woodblock, Program #115. Taiko_Drum Taiko Drum, Program #116. Melodic_Tom Melodic Tom, Program #117. Synth_Drum Synth Drum, Program #118. Reverse_Cymbal Reverse Cymbal, Program #119. Guitar_Fret_Noise Guitar Fret Noise, Program #120. Breath_Noise Breath Noise, Program #121. Seashore Seashore, Program #122. Bird_Tweet Bird Tweet, Program #123. Telephone_Ring Telephone Ring, Program #124. Helicopter Helicopter, Program #125. Applause Applause, Program #126. Gunshot Gunshot, Program #127. Acoustic_Bass_Drum Acoustic Bass Drum, Key #35. Bass_Drum_1 Bass Drum 1, Key #36. Side_Stick Side Stick, Key #37. Acoustic_Snare Acoustic Snare, Key #38. Hand_Clap Hand Clap, Key #39. Electric_Snare Electric Snare, Key #40. Low_Floor_Tom Low Floor Tom, Key #41. Closed_Hi_Hat Closed Hi Hat, Key #42. High_Floor_Tom High Floor Tom, Key #43. Pedal_Hi-Hat Pedal Hi-Hat, Key #44. Low_Tom Low Tom, Key #45. Open_Hi-Hat Open Hi-Hat, Key #46. Low-Mid_Tom Low-Mid Tom, Key #47. Hi-Mid_Tom Hi-Mid Tom, Key #48. Crash_Cymbal_1 Crash Cymbal 1, Key #49. High_Tom High Tom, Key #50. Ride_Cymbal_1 Ride Cymbal 1, Key #51. Chinese_Cymbal Chinese Cymbal, Key #52. Ride_Bell Ride Bell, Key #53. Tambourine Tambourine, Key #54. Splash_Cymbal Splash Cymbal, Key #55. Cowbell Cowbell, Key #56. Crash_Cymbal_2 Crash Cymbal 2, Key #57. Vibraslap Vibraslap, Key #58. Ride_Cymbal_2 Ride Cymbal 2, Key #59. Hi_Bongo Hi Bongo, Key #60. Low_Bongo Low Bongo, Key #61. Mute_Hi_Conga Mute Hi Conga, Key #62. Open_Hi_Conga Open Hi Conga, Key #63. Low_Conga Low Conga, Key #64. High_Timbale High Timbale, Key #65. Low_Timbale Low Timbale, Key #66. High_Agogo High Agogo, Key #67. Low_Agogo Low Agogo, Key #68. Cabasa Cabasa, Key #69. Maracas Maracas, Key #70. Short_Whistle Short Whistle, Key #71. Long_Whistle Long Whistle, Key #72. Short_Guiro Short Guiro, Key #73. Long_Guiro Long Guiro, Key #74. Claves Claves, Key #75. Hi_Wood_Block Hi Wood Block, Key #76. Low_Wood_Block Low Wood Block, Key #77. Mute_Cuica Mute Cuica, Key #78. Open_Cuica Open Cuica, Key #79. Mute_Triangle Mute Triangle, Key #80. Open_Triangle Open Triangle, Key #81. 0|([1-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1([0-1][0-9]|2[0-7]))o?|128o major Major mode. minor Minor mode. dorian Dorian mode (the first mode). hypodorian Hypodorian mode (the second mode). phrygian Phrygian mode (the third mode). hypophrygian Hypophrygian mode (the fourth mode). lydian Hypolydian mode (the fifth mode). hypolydian Lydian mode (the sixth mode). mixolydian Mixolydian mode (the seventh mode). hypomixolydian Hypomixolydian mode (the eighth mode). peregrinus Tonus peregrinus (the ninth mode). ionian Ionian mode. hypoionian Hypoionian mode. aeolian Aeolian mode. hypoaeolian Hypoaeolian mode. locrian Locrian mode. hypolocrian Hypolocrian mode. preceding Temporal predecessor of the resource. succeeding Temporal successor to the resource. original Original form of the resource. host Parent containing the resource. constituent Intellectual or physical component of the resource. otherVersion Version of the resource’s intellectual content not changed enough to be a different work. otherFormat Version of the resource in a different physical format. isReferencedBy Published bibliographic description, review, abstract, or index of the resource's content. references Cited or referred to in the resource. 2 3 2 3 botmar At the foot of the page. topmar At the top of the page. leftmar At the left of the page. rightmar At the right of the page. facing On the opposite, i.e., facing, page. overleaf On the other side of the leaf. end At the end of this division; e.g., chapter, volume, etc. inter Within a line text; i.e., an insertion. intra Between the lines of text, less exact than "sub" or "super". super Above a line of text, more exact than "intra(linear)". Do not confuse with superscript rendition. sub Below a line of text, more exact than "intra(linear)". Do not confuse with subscript rendition. inspace In a predefined space; i.e., that left by an earlier scribe. superimposed Obscures original text; e.g., via overstrike, addition of new writing surface material, etc. cmn Common Music Notation. mensural Mensural notation. mensural.black Black mensural notation. mensural.white White mensural notation. neume Neumatic notation. tab Tablature notation. tab.staff-like "Notehead" notation: a hybrid between staff and tablature notation consisting of solid, stemless noteheads on a CMN staff with tablature rhythm flags placed above the staff. tab.guitar Tablature notation for guitars (includes "spanish" lute tablature). Frets are indicated using numbers. Courses closest to the player's feet are at the top of the staff. tab.lute.french "French" tablature notation for lutes. Frets are indicated using letters. Courses closest to the player's feet are at the top of the staff. tab.lute.italian "Italian" tablature notation for lutes. Frets are indicated using numbers. Courses closest to the player's feet are at the bottom of the staff. tab.lute.german "German" tablature notation for lutes. Fret and course information is conveyed solely by choice of symbol (vertical position is not used for this). slash Slash (upper right to lower left). backslash Backslash (upper left to lower right). vline Vertical line. hline Horizontal line. centerdot Center dot. paren Enclosing parentheses. brack Enclosing square brackets. box Enclosing box. circle Enclosing circle. fences Enclosing "fences". centertext\((A|B|C|D|E|F|G)(f|♭|n|♮|s|♯)?\) centertext\(H(s|♯)?\) 9 8|15|22 reversed|90CW|90CCW above The layer immediately above. below The layer immediately below. 1 2 line Continuous line with start and end positions rendered by vertical bars and bounces shown by upward-pointing "blips". pedline Pedal down and half pedal rendered with "Ped." followed by a line with end position rendered by vertical bars and bounces shown by upward-pointing "blips". pedstar Pedal down and half pedal rendered with "Ped.", pedal up rendered by "*", pedal "bounce" rendered with "* Ped.". altpedstar Pedal up and down indications same as with "pedstar", but bounce is rendered with "Ped." only. [0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?% (([0-9]|[1-9][0-9])(\.[0-9]*)?|100(\.0*)?)% (\+|-)?(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9])(\.[0-9]*)?|100(\.0*)?)% all Header or footer for all pages, including the first and the last page, unless a page header or footer for the first or the last page is provided. first Header or footer for the first page only. last Header or footer for the last page only. alt1 The first of an alternating pattern of headers or footers. alt2 The second of an alternating pattern of headers or footers. 11 [a-g] [a-g]|none 2 3 none No rotation. down Rotated 180 degrees. left Rotated 270 degrees clockwise. ne Rotated 45 degrees clockwise. nw Rotated 315 degrees clockwise. se Rotated 135 degrees clockwise. sw Rotated 225 degrees clockwise. (\^|v)?[1-7](\+|\-)? 1 6 [i|m|t][1-6] accid Accidentals. annot Annotations. artic Articulations. dir Directives. dynam Dynamics. harm Harmony indications. ornam Ornaments. sp Spoken text. stageDir Stage directions. tempo Tempo markings. above Above the staff. below Below the staff. between Between staves. within Within/on the staff. up Stem points upwards. down Stem points downwards. left Stem points left. right Stem points right. ne Stem points up and right. se Stem points down and right. nw Stem points up and left. sw Stem points down and left. none No modifications to stem. 1slash 1 slash through stem. 2slash 2 slashes through stem. 3slash 3 slashes through stem. 4slash 4 slashes through stem. 5slash 5 slashes through stem. 6slash 6 slashes through stem. sprech X placed on stem. z Z placed on stem. left Stem attached to left side of note head. right Stem attached to right side of note head. center Stem is originates from center of note head. equal Equal or 12-tone temperament. just Just intonation. mean Meantone intonation. pythagorean Pythagorean tuning. 2 3 quote Surrounded by single quotes. quotedbl Surrounded by double quotes. italic Italicized (slanted to right). oblique Oblique (slanted to left). smcaps Small capitals. bold Relative font weight. bolder Relative font weight. lighter Relative font weight. box Enclosed in box. circle Enclosed in ellipse/circle. dbox Enclosed in diamond. tbox Enclosed in triangle. bslash Struck through by '\' (back slash). fslash Struck through by '/' (forward slash). line-through Struck through by '-'; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g., line-through(2). none Not rendered, invisible. overline Line above the text; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g., overline(3). overstrike Use for deleted text fully or partially obscured by other text (such as 'XXXXX') or musical symbols (such as notes, rests, etc.). strike Struck through by '-'; equivalent to line-through; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g., strike(3). sub Subscript. sup Superscript. superimpose Use for added text or musical symbols that fully or partially obscure text from an earlier writing stage. underline Underlined; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g., underline(2). x-through Crossed-out; equivalent to 'bslash' (\) plus 'fslash' (/); that is, a hand-written 'X'; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g., x-through(2). ltr Left-to-right (BIDI embed). rtl Right-to-left (BIDI embed). lro Left-to-right (BIDI override). rlo Right-to-left (BIDI override). (underline|overline|line-through|strike|x-through)\(\d+\) [i|m|t] [i|m|t][1-6] top Top aligned. middle Middle aligned. bottom Bottom aligned. baseline Baseline aligned. (\p{L}|\p{N}|\p{P}|\p{S})* long Quadruple whole note. breve Double whole note. 1 Whole note. 2 Half note. 4 Quarter note. 8 8th note. 16 16th note. 32 32nd note. 64 64th note. 128 128th note. 256 256th note. 512 512th note. 1024 1024th note. 2048 2048th note. f Flat. n Natural. s Sharp. beam Beams. bend Bend indications. bracketSpan Brackets, e.g., for transcribed ligatures. breath Breath marks. cpMark Copy marks. fermata Fermatas. fing Fingerings. hairpin Hairpin dynamics. harpPedal Harp pedals. lv Laissez vibrer indications, sometimes called "open ties". mordent Mordents. octave Octaviation marks. pedal Piano pedal marks. reh Rehearsal marks. tie Ties. trill Trills. tuplet Tuplets. turn Turns. [A|a|b|I|i|K|k|M|m|N|n|S|s|T|t|O]|(A|a|S|s|K|k)?(T|t|M|m)(I|i|S|s)? hasAbridgement Target is an abridgement, condensation, or expurgation of the current entity. isAbridgementOf Reciprocal relationship of hasAbridgement. hasAdaptation Target is an adaptation, paraphrase, free translation, variation (music), harmonization (music), or fantasy (music) of the current entity. isAdaptationOf Reciprocal relationship of hasAdaptation. hasAlternate Target is an alternate format or simultaneously released edition of the current entity. isAlternateOf Reciprocal relationship of hasAlternate. hasArrangement Target is an arrangement (music) of the current entity. isArrangementOf Reciprocal relationship of hasArrangement. hasComplement Target is a cadenza, libretto, choreography, ending for unfinished work, incidental music, or musical setting of a text of the current entity. isComplementOf Reciprocal relationship of hasComplement. hasEmbodiment Target is a physical embodiment of the current abstract entity; describes the expression-to-manifestation relationship. isEmbodimentOf Reciprocal relationship of hasEmbodiment. hasExemplar Target is an exemplar of the class of things represented by the current entity; describes the manifestation-to-item relationship. isExemplarOf Reciprocal relationship of hasExamplar. hasImitation Target is a parody, imitation, or travesty of the current entity. isImitationOf Reciprocal relationship of hasImitation. hasPart Target is a chapter, section, part, etc.; volume of a multivolume manifestation; volume/issue of serial; intellectual part of a multi-part work; illustration for a text; sound aspect of a film; soundtrack for a film on separate medium; soundtrack for a film embedded in film; monograph in a series; physical component of a particular copy; the binding of a book of the current entity. isPartOf Reciprocal relationship of hasPart. hasRealization Target is a realization of the current entity; describes the work-to-expression relationship. isRealizationOf Reciprocal relationship of hasRealization. hasReconfiguration Target has been reconfigured: bound with, split into, extracted from the current entity. isReconfigurationOf Reciprocal relationship of hasReconfiguration. hasReproduction Target is a reproduction, microreproduction, macroreproduction, reprint, photo-offset reprint, or facsimile of the current entity. isReproductionOf Reciprocal relationship of hasReproduction. hasRevision Target is a revised edition, enlarged edition, or new state (graphic) of the current entity. isRevisionOf Reciprocal relationship of hasRevision. hasSuccessor Target is a sequel or succeeding work of the current entity. isSuccessorOf Reciprocal relationship of hasSuccessor. hasSummarization Target is a digest or abstract of the current entity. isSummarizationOf Reciprocal relationship of hasSummarization. hasSupplement Target is an index, concordance, teacher’s guide, gloss, supplement, or appendix of the current entity. isSupplementOf Reciprocal relationship of hasSupplement. hasTransformation Target is a dramatization, novelization, versification, or screenplay of the current entity. isTransformationOf Reciprocal relationship of hasTransformation. hasTranslation Target is a literal translation or transcription (music) of the current entity. isTranslationOf Reciprocal relationship of hasTranslation. maxima Two or three times as long as a longa. longa Two or three times as long as a brevis. brevis Two or three times as long as a semibreve. semibrevis Half or one-third as long as a breve/brevis. minima Half or one-third as long as a semibreve/semibrevis. semiminima Half as long as a minima. fusa Half as long as a semiminima. semifusa Half as long as a fusa. 2B A two-breve rest. 3B A three-breve rest. perfecta Three times the duration of the note in the next smaller degree. imperfecta Two times the duration of the note in the next smaller degree. altera Twice the original duration of the note (only usable in perfect mensurations). minor Category of a regular semibrevis in Ars antiqua, equivalent to a third of a brevis. maior Category of an altered semibrevis in Ars antiqua, equivalent to two minor semibrevis. duplex One of the three categories of a longa in Ars antiqua ('duplex', 'perfecta', and 'imperfecta'). A duplex longa is twice as long as a regular longa. straight Flag is a straight horizontal line. angled Flag is a straight line at an angle. curled Flag is curled. flared Flag is flared. extended Flag looks extended. hooked Flag is hooked-form. left Flag lies at the left side of the stem. right Flag lies at the right side of the stem. center Flag is centered in the stem. ligature Ligatures. circle Stem has a circular form. oblique Stem has an oblique form. swallowtail Stem has a swallowtail form. virgula Stem has a virgula-like form. byte Bytes. smil Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language. midi MIDI clicks. mmc MIDI machine code. mtc MIDI time code. smpte-25 SMPTE 25 EBU. smpte-24 SMPTE 24 Film Sync. smpte-df30 SMPTE 30 Drop. smpte-ndf30 SMPTE 30 Non-Drop. smpte-df29.97 SMPTE 29.97 Drop. smpte-ndf29.97 SMPTE 29.97 Non-Drop. tcf AES Time-code character format. time ISO 24-hour time format: HH:MM:SS.ss. arr (arranger) A person, family, or organization contributing to a musical work by rewriting the composition for a medium of performance different from that for which the work was originally intended, or modifying the work for the same medium of performance, etc., such that the musical substance of the original composition remains essentially unchanged. For extensive modification that effectively results in the creation of a new musical work, see composer. [MARC] aut (author) A person, family, or organization responsible for creating a work that is primarily textual in content, regardless of media type (e.g., printed text, spoken word, electronic text, tactile text) or genre (e.g., poems, novels, screenplays, blogs). Use also for persons, etc., creating a new work by paraphrasing, rewriting, or adapting works by another creator such that the modification has substantially changed the nature and content of the original or changed the medium of expression. [MARC] cmp (composer) A person, family, or organization responsible for creating or contributing to a musical resource by adding music to a work that originally lacked it or supplements it. [MARC] dte (dedicatee) A person, family, or organization to whom a resource is dedicated. [MARC] edt (editor) A person, family, or organization contributing to a resource by revising or elucidating the content, e.g., adding an introduction, notes, or other critical matter. An editor may also prepare a resource for production, publication, or distribution. For major revisions, adaptations, etc., that substantially change the nature and content of the original work, resulting in a new work, see author. [MARC] lbt (librettist) An author of a libretto of an opera or other stage work, or an oratorio. [MARC] lyr (lyricist) An author of the words of a non-dramatic musical work (e.g. the text of a song), except for oratorios. [MARC] act (actor) A performer contributing to an expression of a work by acting as a cast member or player in a musical or dramatic presentation, etc. [MARC] ard (artistic director) A person responsible for controlling the development of the artistic style of an entire production, including the choice of works to be presented and selection of senior production staff. [MARC] art (artist) A person, family, or organization responsible for creating a work by conceiving, and implementing, an original graphic design, drawing, painting, etc. For book illustrators, prefer Illustrator. [MARC] aus (screenwriter) An author of a screenplay, script, or scene. [MARC] chr (choreographer) A person responsible for creating or contributing to a work of movement. [MARC] cnd (conductor) A performer contributing to a musical resource by leading a performing group (orchestra, chorus, opera, etc.) in a musical or dramatic presentation. [MARC] crp (correspondent) A person or organization who was either the writer or recipient of a letter or other communication. [MARC] cst (costume designer) A person, family, or organization that designs the costumes for a moving image production or for a musical or dramatic presentation or entertainment. [MARC] drt (director) A person responsible for the general management and supervision of a filmed performance, a radio or television program, etc. [MARC] egr (engraver) A person or organization who cuts letters, figures, etc. on a surface, such as a wooden or metal plate used for printing. [MARC] flm (film editor) A person who, following the script and in creative cooperation with the Director, selects, arranges, and assembles the filmed material, controls the synchronization of picture and sound, and participates in other post-production tasks such as sound mixing and visual effects processing. Today, picture editing is often performed digitally. [MARC] fmd (film director) A director responsible for the general management and supervision of a filmed performance. [MARC] fmp (film producer) A producer responsible for most of the business aspects of a film. [MARC] itr (instrumentalist) A performer contributing to a resource by playing a musical instrument. [MARC] mcp (music copyist) A person who transcribes or copies musical notation. [MARC] mus (musician) A person or organization who performs music or contributes to the musical content of a work when it is not possible or desirable to identify the function more precisely. [MARC] msd (musical director) A person who coordinates the activities of the composer, the sound editor, and sound mixers for a moving image production or for a musical or dramatic presentation or entertainment. [MARC] pdr (project director) A person or organization with primary responsibility for all essential aspects of a project, has overall responsibility for managing projects, or provides overall direction to a project manager. [MARC] pmn (production manager) A person responsible for all technical and business matters in a production. [MARC] prn (production company) An organization that is responsible for financial, technical, and organizational management of a production for stage, screen, audio recording, television, webcast, etc. [MARC] pro (producer) A person, family, or organization responsible for most of the business aspects of a production for screen, audio recording, television, webcast, etc. The producer is generally responsible for fund raising, managing the production, hiring key personnel, arranging for distributors, etc. [MARC] rce (recording engineer) A person contributing to a resource by supervising the technical aspects of a sound or video recording session. [MARC] scr (scribe) A person who is an amanuensis and for a writer of manuscripts proper. For a person who makes pen-facsimiles, use facsimilist. [MARC] sng (singer) A performer contributing to a resource by using his/her/their voice, with or without instrumental accompaniment, to produce music. A singer's performance may or may not include actual words. [MARC] std (set designer) A person who translates the rough sketches of the art director into actual architectural structures for a theatrical presentatio.n, entertainment, motion picture, etc. Set designers draw the detailed guides and specifications for building the set. [MARC] trc (transcriber) A person, family, or organization contributing to a resource by changing it from one system of notation to another. For a work transcribed for a different instrument or performing group, see arranger [arr]. For makers of pen-facsimiles, use facsimilist. [MARC] trl (translator) A person or organization who renders a text from one language into another, or from an older form of a language into the modern form. [MARC] guitar.standard Standard tuning for current guitars. The courses are tuned to E2 A2 D3 G3 B3 E4. guitar.drop.D Drop D tuning for guitars. The lowest course is tuned down to D, while all other courses are kept to their regular pitches. D2 A2 D3 G3 B3 E4. guitar.open.D Open D tuning for guitars. D2 A2 D3 F3s A3 D4. guitar.open.G Open G tuning for guitars. D2 G2 D3 G3 B3 D4. guitar.open.A Open A tuning for guitars. E2 A2 E3 A3 C4s E4. lute.renaissance.6 Renaissance tuning for lutes with 6 courses. G2 C3 F3 A3 D4 G4. lute.baroque.d.major Baroque tuning for lutes with 6 stable courses, and additional bass courses tuned to the key of D Major. A2 D3 F3s A3 D4 F4s for the main six courses, and bass courses descending in pitch from G2, F2s, etc., depending on the size of the instrument. lute.baroque.d.minor Baroque tuning for lutes with 6 stable courses, and additional bass courses tuned to the key of D minor. A2 D3 F3 A3 D4 F4 for the main six courses, and bass courses descending in pitch from G2, F2, etc., depending on the size of the instrument. Contains classification of the notation contained or described by the element bearing this attribute. Provides any sub-classification of the notation contained or described by the element, additional to that given by its notationtype attribute. An element with a notationsubtype attribute must have a notationtype attribute. Indicates to what degree the harmonic label is supported by the notation. explicit The notation contains all the notes necessary for the harmonic label, e.g., the notes "D F♯ A" for the harmonic label "D". implied The harmonic label relies on notes implied, but not actually present, in the notation, e.g., the notes "D F♯ C" for the harmonic label "D7". The note "A" is missing from the notation, but can be implied. (degree) Captures scale degree information using Humdrum **deg syntax -- an optional indicator of melodic approach (^ = ascending approach, v = descending approach), a scale degree value (1 = tonic ... 7 = leading tone), and an optional indication of chromatic alteration, 1, v7, ^1, or v5+, for example. The amount of chromatic alternation is not indicated. (interval harmonic) Encodes the harmonic interval between pitches occurring at the same time. (interval melodic) Encodes the melodic interval from the previous pitch. The value may be a general directional indication (u, d, s, etc.), an indication of diatonic interval direction, quality, and size, or a precise numeric value in half steps. (accidental) Contains an accidental for the tonic key, if one is required, e.g., if @pname equals c and @accid equals s, then a tonic of C# is indicated. Indicates major, minor, or other tonality. Contains an accidental for the tonic key, if one is required, e.g., if @key.pname equals c and @key.accid equals s, then a tonic of C# is indicated. Indicates major, minor, or other tonality. Holds the pitch name of the tonic key, e.g., c for the key of C. Describes melodic function using Humdrum **embel syntax. (pitch class) Holds pitch class information. (pitch sol-fa) Contains sol-fa designation, e.g., do, re, mi, etc., in either a fixed or movable Do system. Describes the direction in which an arpeggio is to be performed. up Lowest to highest pitch. down Highest to lowest pitch. nonarp Non-arpeggiated style (usually rendered with a preceding bracket instead of a wavy line). In the case of cross-staff beams, the beam.with attribute is used to indicate which staff the beam is connected to; that is, the staff above or the staff below. Provides an example of how automated beaming (including secondary beams) is to be performed. Indicates whether automatically-drawn beams should include rests shorter than a quarter note duration. Indicates that this event is "under a beam". Captures whether a beam is "feathered" and in which direction. acc (accelerando) means that the secondary beams become progressively more distant toward the end of the beam. mixed (mixed acc and rit) for beams that are "feathered" in both directions. rit (ritardando) indicates that the secondary beams get progressively closer together toward the end of the beam. norm (normal) indicates that the secondary beams are equidistant along the course of the beam. Records the placement of the beam relative to the events it affects. Stem directions should be specified for all notes and chords under the beam. Opposing stem directions are required for a beam with @place="mixed". Opposing stem directions are required for a beam with @place="mixed". Indicates presence of slash through the beam. Records the slope of the beam. Presence of this attribute indicates that the secondary beam should be broken following this note/chord. The value of the attribute records the number of beams which should remain unbroken. Indicates the performed duration represented by the beatRpt symbol; expressed in time signature denominator units. \d+(\.\d+)? (function) Describes the function of the bracketed event sequence. Suggested values include: 1] coloration; 2] cross-rhythm; 3] ligature; 4] unspecified coloration Represents coloration in the mensural notation source material. cross-rhythm Marks a sequence which does not match the current meter. ligature Represents a ligature in the mensural notation source material. unspecified Unspecified bracket. "Cut-out" style. cutout The staff lines should not be drawn. Indicates whether to render a repeat symbol or the source material to which it refers. A value of 'true' renders the source material, while 'false' displays the repeat symbol. (glissando) Indicates that this element participates in a glissando. If visual information about the glissando needs to be recorded, then a <gliss> element should be employed instead. Marks a note or chord as a "grace" (without a definite performed duration) and records from which other note/chord it should "steal" time. Records the amount of time to be "stolen" from a non-grace note/chord. Records whether the grace note group is attached to the following event or to the preceding one. The usual name for the latter is "Nachschlag". pre Attached to the preceding event. post Attached to the following event. unknown Attachment is ambiguous. Captures the visual rendition and function of the hairpin; that is, whether it indicates an increase or a decrease in volume. cres Crescendo; i.e., louder. dim Diminuendo; i.e., softer. Indicates that the hairpin starts from or ends in silence. Often rendered as a small circle attached to the closed end of the hairpin. See Gould, p. 108. Indicates the pedal setting for the harp’s C strings. Indicates the pedal setting for the harp’s D strings. Indicates the pedal setting for the harp’s E strings. Indicates the pedal setting for the harp’s F strings. Indicates the pedal setting for the harp’s G strings. Indicates the pedal setting for the harp’s A strings. Indicates the pedal setting for the harp’s B strings. Indicates the attachment of an l.v. (laissez vibrer) sign to this element. Indicates the visual rendition of the left bar line. It is present here only for facilitation of translation from legacy encodings which use it. Usually, it can be safely ignored. Indicates the function of the right bar line and is structurally important. (function) Function of the meter signature group. alternating Meter signatures apply to alternating measures. interchanging Meter signatures are interchangeable, e.g., 3/4 and 6/8. mixed Meter signatures with different unit values are used to express a complex metrical pattern that is not expressible using traditional means, such as 2/4+1/8. other Meter signatures in a relationship not covered by the values alternating, interchanging or mixed. (number) Records a number or count accompanying a notational feature. (number placement) States where the number will be placed in relation to the notational feature. Determines if the number is visible. Indicates whether the octave displacement should be performed simultaneously with the written notes, i.e., "coll' ottava". Unlike other octave signs which are indicated by broken lines, coll' ottava typically uses an unbroken line or a series of longer broken lines, ending with a short vertical stroke. See Read, p. 47-48. coll Coll' ottava (with the octave). (direction) Records the position of the piano damper pedal. down Depress the pedal. up Release the pedal. half Half pedal. bounce Release then immediately depress the pedal. (function) Indicates the function of the depressed pedal, but not necessarily the text associated with its use. Use the <dir> element for such text. Suggested values include: 1] sustain; 2] soft; 3] sostenuto; 4] silent sustain The sustain pedal, also referred to as the "damper" pedal, allows the piano strings to vibrate sympathetically with the struck strings. It is the right-most and the most frequently used pedal on modern pianos. soft The soft pedal, sometimes called the "una corda", "piano", or "half-blow" pedal, reduces the volume and modifies the timbre of the piano. On the modern piano, it is the left-most pedal. sostenuto The sostenuto or tone-sustaining pedal allows notes already undamped to continue to ring while other notes are damped normally; that is, on their release by the fingers. This is usually the center pedal of the modern piano. silent The silent or practice pedal mutes the volume of the piano so that one may practice quietly. It is sometimes a replacement for the sostenuto pedal, especially on an upright or vertical instrument. Determines whether piano pedal marks should be rendered as lines or as terms. Describes the enclosing shape for rehearsal marks. box Enclosed by box. circle Enclosed by circle. none No enclosing shape. Contains an indication of which staff a note or chord that logically belongs to the current staff should be visually placed on; that is, the one above or the one below. Describes the style of the tremolo. meas Measured tremolo. unmeas Unmeasured tremolo. The performed duration of an individual note in a measured tremolo. (arpeggiation) Indicates that the notes of a chord are to be performed successively rather than simultaneously, usually from lowest to highest. Sometimes called a "roll". An instruction to begin the next section or movement of a composition without pause. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. A container for a series of explicitly beamed events that begins and ends entirely within a measure. A beam that contains neither a copyof nor sameas attribute must have at least 2 note, rest, chord, or space descendants. (beam span) Alternative element for explicitly encoding beams, particularly those which extend across bar lines. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. (beat repeat) An indication that material on a preceding beat should be repeated. A variation in pitch (often micro-tonal) upwards or downwards during the course of a note. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. Marks a sequence of notational events grouped by a bracket. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. (breath mark) An indication of a point at which the performer on an instrument requiring breath (including the voice) may breathe. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. (bowed tremolo) A rapid alternation on a single pitch or chord. An indication placed over a note or rest to indicate that it should be held longer than its written value. May also occur over a bar line to indicate the end of a phrase or section. Sometimes called a 'hold' or 'pause'. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. (fingered tremolo) A rapid alternation between a pair of notes (or chords or perhaps between a note and a chord) that are (usually) farther apart than a major second. (glissando) A continuous or sliding movement from one pitch to another, usually indicated by a straight or wavy line. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. (grace group) A container for a sequence of grace notes. A graceGrp without a copyof attribute must have at least 1 note, rest, chord, or space descendants. The grace attribute is not allowed on descendants of a graceGrp with a grace attribute. Indicates continuous dynamics expressed on the score as wedge-shaped graphics, e.g., < and >. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. (half-measure repeat) A half-measure repeat in any meter. (harp pedal) Harp pedal diagram. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. (laissez vibrer) A "tie-like" indication that a note should ring beyond its written duration. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. The visual attributes of the lv element (@bezier, @bulge, @curvedir, @lform, @lwidth, @ho, @startho, @endho, @to, @startto, @endto, @vo, @startvo, @endvo, @x, @y, @x2, and @y2) will be overridden by visual attributes of the contained curve elements. Unit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note values of a given type, as determined by the prevailing meter, and delimited in musical notation by bar lines. (meter signature) Written meter signature. (meter signature group) Used to capture alternating, interchanging, mixed or other non-standard meter signatures. (measure number) Designation, name, or label for a measure, often but not always consisting of digits. Use this element when the @n attribute on <measure> does not adequately capture the appearance or placement of the measure number/label. (measure rest) Complete measure rest in any meter. (measure repeat) An indication that the previous measure should be repeated. (2-measure repeat) An indication that the previous two measures should be repeated. (measure space) A measure containing only empty space in any meter. (multimeasure rest) Multiple full measure rests compressed into a single bar, frequently found in performer parts. (multiple repeat) Multiple repeated measures. An indication that a passage should be performed one or more octaves above or below its written pitch. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. (ossia layer) A layer that contains an alternative to material in another layer. Captures original notation and a differently notated version *present in the source being transcribed*. In a measure, ossia may only contain staff and oStaff elements. In a staff, ossia may only contain layer and oLayer elements. (ossia staff) A staff that holds an alternative passage which may be played instead of the original material. Piano pedal mark. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. (rehearsal mark) In an orchestral score and its corresponding parts, a mark indicating a convenient point from which to resume rehearsal after a break. (repetition mark) An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols – segno and coda – typically above, below, or between staves, but not on the staff. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. When @glyph.name or @glyph.num is present, repeatMark must not have content. Indication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. The visual attributes of the slur (@bezier, @bulge, @curvedir, @lform, @lwidth, @ho, @startho, @endho, @to, @startto, @endto, @vo, @startvo, @endvo, @x, @y, @x2, and @y2) will be overridden by visual attributes of the contained curve elements. An indication that two notes of the same pitch form a single note with their combined rhythmic values. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. The visual attributes of the tie (@bezier, @bulge, @curvedir, @lform, @lwidth, @ho, @startho, @endho, @to, @startto, @endto, @vo, @startvo, @endvo, @x, @y, @x2, and @y2) will be overridden by visual attributes of the contained curve elements. A group of notes with "irregular" (sometimes called "irrational") rhythmic values, for example, three notes in the time normally occupied by two or nine in the time of five. (tuplet span) Alternative element for encoding tuplets, especially useful for tuplets that extend across bar lines. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. Records semantic meaning, i.e., intended performance, of the mordent. The @altsym, @glyph.name, or @glyph.num attributes may be used to specify the appropriate symbol. lower Starts with the written note, followed by its lower neighbor, with a return to the written note. In modern practice, this is called an "inverted mordent" and indicated by a short wavy line with a vertical line through it. upper Starts with the written note, followed by its upper neighbor, with a return to the principal note. In modern practice, the symbol lacks the vertical line used for the inverted form. When set to 'true', a double or long mordent, sometimes called a "pincé double", consisting of 5 notes, is indicated. Records the written accidental associated with an upper neighboring note. Records the written accidental associated with a lower neighboring note. (ornament) Indicates that this element has an attached ornament. If visual information about the ornament is needed, then one of the elements that represents an ornament (mordent, trill, or turn) should be employed. When set to 'true', the turn begins on the second half of the beat. Records meaning; i.e., intended performance, of the turn. The @altsym, @glyph.name, or @glyph.num attributes may be used to specify the appropriate symbol. lower Begins on the note below the written note. upper Begins on the note above the written note. An ornament indicating rapid alternation of the main note with a secondary note, usually a step below, but sometimes a step above. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Rapid alternation of a note with another (usually at the interval of a second above). Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. An ornament consisting of four notes — the upper neighbor of the written note, the written note, the lower neighbor, and the written note. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. (MEI corpus) A group of related MEI documents, consisting of a header for the group, and one or more <mei> elements, each with its own complete header. Classifies the cause for the variant reading, according to any appropriate typology of possible origins. (apparatus) Contains one or more alternative encodings. (lemma) Contains the lemma, or base text, of a textual variation. (reading) Contains a single reading within a textual variation. (speech) Contains an individual speech in a performance text. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must not have any of the attributes: startid, endid, tstamp, tstamp2, tstamp.ges, tstamp.real, startho, endho, to, startto, endto, staff, layer, place, or plist. (stage direction) Contains any kind of stage direction within a dramatic text or fragment. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must not have any of the attributes: startid, endid, tstamp, tstamp2, tstamp.ges, tstamp.real, startho, endho, to, startto, endto, staff, layer, place, or plist. Signifies the causative agent of damage, illegibility, or other loss of original text. Holds a short phrase describing the reason for missing textual material (gap), why material is supplied (supplied), or why transcription is difficult (unclear). (abbreviation) A generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym or 2) a shorthand notation. Records the expansion of a text abbreviation. (addition) Marks an addition to the text. Location of the addition. Groups a number of alternative encodings for the same point in a text. (correction) Contains the correct form of an apparent erroneous passage. (copy/colla parte mark) A verbal or graphical indication to copy musical material written elsewhere. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2 Contains an area of damage to the physical medium. Records the degree of damage. (deletion) Contains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector. (expansion) Contains the expansion of an abbreviation. (abbreviation) Captures the abbreviated form of the text. Indicates a point where material has been omitted in a transcription, whether as part of sampling practice or for editorial reasons described in the MEI header. Marks the beginning of a passage written in a new hand, or of a change in the scribe, writing style, ink or character of the document hand. Describes the character of the new hand. Identifies the new hand. The value must contain the ID of a hand element given elsewhere in the document. @new attribute should have content. The value in @new should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a hand element. Identifies the old hand. The value must contain the ID of a hand element given elsewhere in the document. @old attribute should have content. The value in @old should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a hand element. A graphical or textual statement with additional / explanatory information about the musical text. The textual consequences of this intervention are encoded independently via other means; that is, with elements such as <add>, <del>, etc. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real Describes the purpose of the metaMark. Suggested values include: 1] confirmation; 2] addition; 3] deletion; 4] substitution; 5] clarification; 6] question; 7] investigation; 8] restoration; 9] navigation confirmation confirmation of a previous textual decision; i.e., cancellation of a deleted passage in a different writing medium. addition denoted material is to be inserted in the musical text. deletion denoted material is no longer part of the musical text. substitution denoted material is replaced, either by the musical text pointed at with the @target attribute or the musical content of the metaMark element itself. clarification attempt to clarify a potentially illegible or otherwise unclear part of the musical text. question marks a section of the musical text which is to be considered further. investigation marks a section of the musical text as an investigation of the consequences of certain compositional decisions or potential alternatives. restoration declares a formerly cancelled part of the musical text as valid again. navigation clarification of the reading order of the musical text. (original) Contains material which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected. (regularization) Contains material which has been regularized or normalized in some sense. Indicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial or authorial marking or instruction. (description) Provides a description of the means of restoration, stet or strike-down, for example. Contains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material. (substitution) Groups transcriptional elements when the combination is to be regarded as a single intervention in the text. Contains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason. Contains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source. A name or label associated with the controlled vocabulary from which the value of @glyph.name or @glyph.num is taken, or the textual content of the element. Suggested values include: 1] smufl smufl Standard Music Font Layout. The web-accessible location of the controlled vocabulary from which the value of @glyph.name or @glyph.num is taken, or the textual content of the element. Glyph name. @glyph.name attribute should have content. Numeric glyph reference in hexadecimal notation, e.g., "#xE000" or "U+E000". N.B. SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF. SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF. (facsimile) Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to the current element. @facs attribute should have content. Each value in @facs should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a surface or zone element. Contains a representation of a written source in the form of a set of images rather than as transcribed or encoded text. Defines a writing surface in terms of a rectangular coordinate space, optionally grouping one or more graphic representations of that space, and rectangular zones of interest within it. Defines an area of interest within a <surface> or graphic file. The number of columns spanned by this cell. The number of rows spanned by this cell. (figure) Groups elements representing or containing graphic information such as an illustration or figure. (figure description) Contains a brief prose description of the appearance or content of a graphic figure, for use when documenting an image without displaying it. Indicates the location of an inline graphic. Graphic child of zone should not have children. Graphic should have either a startid attribute or ulx and uly attributes. Graphic should not have @ulx or @uly attributes. Graphic should not have @ho or @vo attributes. Contains text displayed in tabular form. (table data) Designates a table cell that contains data as opposed to a cell that contains column or row heading information. (table header) Designates a table cell containing column or row heading information as opposed to one containing data. (table row) A formatting element that contains one or more cells (intersection of a row and a column) in a <table>. alter alternation of fingers. combi combination of fingers. subst substitution of fingers. (finger) An individual finger in a fingering indication. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. The stack element is not allowed as a descendant of fing. (finger group) A group of individual fingers in a fingering indication. At least 2 fing or fingGrp elements are required. When @tstamp or @startid is present on fingGrp, its child elements cannot have a @tstamp or @startid attribute. When @tstamp or @startid is not present on fingGrp, each of its child elements must have a @tstamp or @startid attribute. Intellectual or artistic realization of a work. Gathers bibliographic expression entities. Single instance or exemplar of a source/manifestation. Gathers bibliographic item entities. A bibliographic description of a physical embodiment of an expression of a work. Item children are not permitted when @singleton equals "true". Availability is only permitted when @singleton equals "true". Indicates the manifestation is a unique physical object. A container for the descriptions of physical embodiments of an expression of a work. The @instant attribute is syntactic sugar for classifying a scribal intervention as an ad-hoc modification; that is, one which does not interrupt the writing process. unknown Points to the genetic state that results from this modification. @state attribute should have content. The value in @state should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a genState (genetic state) element. (genetic description) Bundles information about the textual development of a work. When set to "true" the child elements are known to be in chronological order. When set to "false" or when not provided, the order of child elements is unknown. Describes a distinctive state in the textual development of a work. Records the performed pitch inflection. The value of @accid.ges should not duplicate the value of @accid. Records performed articulation that differs from the written value. Indicates that the performance of the next musical division should begin immediately following this one. Records the amount of detuning. The decimal values should be rendered as a fraction (or an integer plus a fraction) along with the bend symbol. Records performed duration information that differs from the written duration; @dur.ges allows the same datatypes as @dur. Values of @dur.ges that require dots should also use @dots.ges. Number of dots required for a gestural duration when different from that of the written duration. Duration as a count of units provided in the time signature denominator. \d+(\.\d+)? Duration recorded as pulses-per-quarter note, e.g., MIDI clicks or MusicXML divisions. Duration in seconds, e.g., 1.732. \d+(\.\d+)? Duration as an optionally dotted Humdrum **recip value. [0-9]+(%[0-9]+)?\.*q? Indicates an extreme, indefinite performed pitch. highest Highest note the performer can play. lowest Lowest note the performer can play. When the @extremis attribute is used, the @pname.ges and @oct.ges attributes are not allowed. Records the sounding accidental associated with an upper neighboring note. Records the sounding accidental associated with a lower neighboring note. Records performed octave information that differs from the written value. Contains a performed pitch name that differs from the written value. (pitch number) Holds a pitch-to-number mapping, a base-40 or MIDI note number, for example. The lateral or left-to-right plane. The above-to-below axis. Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Records the onset time in terms of ISO time. Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Records the ending point of an event in terms of ISO time. (chord reference) Contains a reference to a <chordDef> element elsewhere in the document. @chordref attribute should have content. The value in @chordref should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a chordDef element. (chord definition) Chord tablature definition. An individual pitch in a chord defined by a <chordDef> element. Chord/tablature look-up table. (figure) Single element of a figured bass indication. (figured bass) Symbols added to a bass line that indicate harmony. Used to improvise a chordal accompaniment. Sometimes called Generalbass, thoroughbass, or basso continuo. (harmony) An indication of harmony, e.g., chord names, tablature grids, harmonic analysis, figured bass. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. A reference to a <surface> element positioned on the outer recto side of a (folded) sheet. A reference to a <surface> element positioned on the inner verso side of a (folded) sheet. A reference to a <surface> element positioned on the inner recto side of a (folded) sheet. A reference to a <surface> element positioned on the outer verso side of a (folded) sheet. A reference to a <surface> element positioned on the recto side of the sheet. A reference to a <surface> element positioned on the verso side of the sheet. Use this attribute to identify the performance resource as a soloist especially in an accompanied work, such as a concerto or vocal solo. Indicates the number of performers. Marks a performance resource as ad libitum (optional). a Language material. c Notated music. d Manuscript notated music. e Non-manuscript cartographic material. f Manuscript cartographic material. g Projected medium. i Nonmusical sound recording. j Musical sound recording. k Two-dimensional nonprojectable graphic. m Computer file. o Kit. p Mixed materials. r Three-dimensional artifact or naturally occurring object. t Manuscript language material. Indicates the method employed to mark corrections and normalizations. silent Corrections and normalizations made silently. markup Corrections and normalizations represented using markup. (access restriction) Describes the conditions that affect the accessibility of material. Records information concerning the process by which an item was acquired by the holding institution. (alternative identifier) May contain a bibliographic identifier that does not fit within the meiHead element’s id attribute, for example because the identifier does not fit the definition of an XML id or because multiple identifiers are needed. (application information) Groups information about applications which have acted upon the MEI file. Provides information about an application which has acted upon the current document. Supplies a version number for an application, independent of its identifier or display name. Documents the usage of a specific attribute of the element. @context attribute should contain an XPath expression. Name of the attribute. Circumstances in which the attribute appears, an XPath expression. Defines the class of user for which the work is intended, as defined by age group (e.g., children, young adults, adults, etc.), educational level (e.g., primary, secondary, etc.), or other categorization. Groups elements that describe the availability of and access to a bibliographic item, including an MEI-encoded document. Describes a folded sheet of paper. Contains the primary statement of responsibility given for a work on its title page. (capture mode) The means used to record notation, sound, or images in the production of a source/manifestation (e.g., analogue, acoustic, electric, digital, optical etc.). (carrier form) The specific class of material to which the physical carrier of the source/manifestation belongs (e.g., sound cassette, videodisc, microfilm cartridge, transparency, etc.). The carrier for a manifestation comprising multiple physical components may include more than one form (e.g., a filmstrip with an accompanying booklet, a separate sound disc carrying the sound track for a film, etc.). Contains an individual descriptive category in a user-defined taxonomy, possibly nested within a superordinate category. To be addressable, the category element must have an xml:id attribute. (category relationship) Contains the name, i.e., label, of a related category. Provides a description of the relationship between the current and the target categories. broader Category to which the current category is hierarchically subordinate. narrower Category which is hierarchically subordinate to the current category. related Category that is associatively but not hierarchically linked to the current category. usefor Non-preferred category; often a synonym or near-synonym for the preferred category label. Individual change within the revision description. The date of the change must be recorded in an isodate attribute or date element. It is recommended that the agent responsible for the change be recorded in a resp attribute or in a name, corpName, or persName element in the respStmt element. (change description) Description of a revision of the MEI file. Groups information which describes the nature or topic of an entity. Groups information which describes the nature or topic of an entity. Container for intellectual or physical component parts of a bibliographic entity. Only child elements of the same name as the parent of the componentList are allowed. When any child element has a comptype attribute, it is recommended that comptype appear on all child elements. The physical condition of an item, particularly any variances between the physical make-up of the item and that of other copies of the same item (e.g., missing pages or plates, brittleness, faded images, etc.). Contains a single entry within a content description element. List of the material contained within a resource. When labels are used, usually each content item has one. The historical, social, intellectual, artistic, or other context within which the work was originally conceived (e.g., the 17th century restoration of the monarchy in England, the aesthetic movement of the late 19th century, etc.) or the historical, social, intellectual, artistic, or other context within which the expression was realized. States how and under what circumstances corrections have been made in the text. Indicates the degree of correction applied to the text. high The text has been thoroughly checked and proofread. medium The text has been checked at least once. low The text has not been checked. unknown The correction status of the text is unknown. A cutout is a section of a document sheet that has been removed and is now missing. Describes the position of the cutout on the parent folium / bifolium. outer.recto removed from outer recto side of bifolium. inner.verso removed from inner verso side of bifolium. inner.recto removed from inner recto side of bifolium. outer.verso removed from outer verso side of bifolium. recto removed from recto side of folium. verso removed from verso side of folium. Describes the method of removing the cutout. Suggested values include: 1] cut; 2] rip cut section is cleanly cut by a knife, scissor or other sharp blade. rip section is ripped off the page, leaving a rough edge. Contains a dedicatory statement. (domains declaration) Indicates which domains are included in the encoding. (edition statement) Container for meta-data pertaining to a particular edition of the material being described. (editorial declaration) Used to provide details of editorial principles and practices applied during the encoding of musical text. (encoding description) Documents the relationship between an electronic file and the source or sources from which it was derived as well as applications used in the encoding/editing process. (exhibition history) A record of public exhibitions, including dates, venues, etc. (extended metadata) Provides a container element for non-MEI metadata formats. (file characteristics) Standards or schemes used to encode the file (e.g., ASCII, SGML, etc.), physical characteristics of the file (e.g., recording density, parity, blocking, etc.), and other characteristics that have a bearing on how the file can be processed. (file description) Contains a full bibliographic description of the MEI file. Describes the arrangement of folia and bifolia making up the text block of a manuscript or printed item. Describes a single leaf of paper. Defines a distinct scribe or handwriting style. Marks this hand as the first one of the document. Container for one or more hand elements. When labels are used, usually each hand has one. Provides a container for information about the history of a resource other than the circumstances of its creation. The elements acquisition, provenance, exhibHist, treatHist and treatSched are not permitted at the work or expression level and are only permitted at the manifestation level, if the manifestation is a manifestation singleton. Incipit coded in a non-XML, plain text format, such as Plaine & Easie Code. incipCode must have a form or mimetype attribute. Form of the encoded incipit. Suggested values include: 1] plaineAndEasie; 2] humdrumKern; 3] parsons; 4] intervals; 5] semitones plaineAndEasie Plaine & Easie Code. humdrumKern **kern representation of the Humdrum format. parsons Parsons code containing intervallic direction only (e.g., "sususddsdsdsd"). Permitted values are composed of a series of tokens, which may be "u" (Up), "d" (Down) or "s" (Same). Tokens should not be separated by spaces. intervals Representation of interval quality and direction (e.g., "P1 +P5 P1 +M2 P1 -M2"). Values must be composed of a series of space-separated tokens, where each token is comprised of three components: a direction indicator ("+" for "up" and "-" for "down"); an interval quality, being one of "P" (Perfect), "M" (Major), "m" (Minor), "A" (Augmented), or "d" (Diminished); and finally an integer indicating interval size, where "1" is a Unison. (For a Perfect Unison, P1, the direction indicator may be omitted). semitones Representation of intervallic direction and size in half steps (semitones) (e.g., "0 +7 0 +2 0 -2"). Values must be composed of a series of space-separated positive or negative integers indicating the number of semitones to ascend or descend, respectively. Opening words of a musical composition. An inscription added to an item, such as a bookplate, a note designating the item as a gift, and/or the author’s signature. Describes the scope of any analytic or interpretive information added to the transcription of the music. Key captures information about tonal center and mode. Description of a language used in the document. (language usage) Groups elements describing the languages, sub-languages, dialects, etc., represented within the encoded resource. (MEI header) Supplies the descriptive and declarative metadata prefixed to every MEI-conformant text. The meiHead type attribute can have the value 'music' only when the document element is "mei". The meiHead type attribute can have the value 'corpus' only when the document element is "meiCorpus". The meiHead type attribute can have the value 'independent' only when the document element is "meiHead". Specifies the kind of document to which the header is attached, for example whether it is a corpus or individual text. music Header is attached to a music document. corpus Header is attached to a corpus. independent Header is independent; i.e., not attached to either a music or a corpus document. Captures information about mensuration within bibliographic descriptions. Captures information about the time signature within bibliographic descriptions. Supplies the formal name of the namespace to which the elements documented by its children belong. Formal namespace identifier; that is, a uniform resource identifier (URI). Prefix associated with the formal identifier. Indicates the extent of normalization or regularization of the original source carried out in converting it to electronic form. (notes statement) Collects any notes providing information about a text additional to that recorded in other parts of the bibliographic description. (other distinguishing characteristic) Any characteristic that serves to differentiate a work or expression from another. Describes a physical writing surface attached to the original document. The allowed positions of a patch depend on its parent element. A patch element must contain either a folium or a bifolium element. Describes the position of the patch on the parent folium / bifolium. outer.recto patch attached to outer recto side of bifolium. inner.verso patch attached to inner verso side of bifolium. inner.recto patch attached to inner recto side of bifolium. outer.verso patch attached to outer verso side of bifolium. recto patch attached to recto side of folium. verso patch attached to verso side of folium. Describes the method of attachment of the patch. Suggested values include: 1] glue; 2] thread; 3] needle; 4] tape; 5] staple glue patch is glued on surface beneath. thread patch is sewn on surface beneath. needle patch is pinned to the surface beneath. tape patch is taped on surface beneath using an adhesive strip. staple patch is attached on surface beneath using a staple. (performance duration) Used to express the duration of performance of printed or manuscript music or the playing time for a sound recording, videorecording, etc. Holds a W3C duration value, e.g., "PT2H34M45.67S". (performance medium) Indicates the number and character of the performing forces used in a musical composition. (performance resource) Name of an instrument on which a performer plays, a performer's voice range, or a standard performing ensemble designation. (performance resources list) Several instrumental or vocal resources treated as a group. (physical description) Container for information about the appearance, construction, or handling of physical materials, such as their dimension, quantity, color, style, and technique of creation. (physical medium) Records the physical materials used in the source, such as ink and paper. (plate number) Designation assigned to a resource by a music publisher, usually printed at the bottom of each page, and sometimes appearing also on the title page. Playing speed for a sound recording is the speed at which the carrier must be operated to produce the sound intended (e.g., 33 1/3 rpm, 19 cm/s, etc.). The cost of access to a bibliographic item. Numeric value capturing a cost. Can only be interpreted in combination with the currency attribute. [0-9]+\.[0-9]{2} Monetary unit. (project description) Project-level meta-data describing the aim or purpose for which the electronic file was encoded, funding agencies, etc. together with any other relevant information concerning the process by which it was assembled or collected. The record of ownership or custodianship of an item. (publication statement) Container for information regarding the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item, including the publisher’s name and address, the date of publication, and other relevant details. (revision description) Container for information about alterations that have been made to an MEI file. (sampling declaration) Contains a prose description of the rationale and methods used in sampling texts in the creation of a corpus or collection. Describes the type of score used to represent a musical composition (e.g., short score, full score, condensed score, close score, etc.). Describes the principles according to which the musical text has been segmented, for example into movements, sections, etc. (series statement) Groups information about the series, if any, to which a publication belongs. (sound channels) Reflects the number of apparent sound channels in the playback of a recording (monaural, stereophonic, quadraphonic, etc.). Records the channel configuration in numeric form. A bibliographic description of a source used in the creation of the electronic file. @target attribute should have content. Each value in @target should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a source or manifestation element or be an external URI. (source description) A container for the descriptions of the source(s) used in the creation of the electronic file. (special reproduction characteristic) The equalization system, noise reduction system, etc. used in making the recording (e.g., NAB, DBX, Dolby, etc.). (standard values) Specifies the format used when standardized date or number values are supplied. (system requirements) System requirements for using the electronic item. (tagging declaration) Provides detailed information about the tagging applied to a document. Documents the usage of a specific element within the document. @context attribute should contain an XPath expression. Name of the element. Circumstances in which the element appears, an XPath expression. Number of occurrences in the defined context. Number of occurrences in the defined context that have an @xml:id attribute. Defines a typology either implicitly, by means of a bibliographic citation, or explicitly by a structured taxonomy. Collection of text phrases which describe a resource. When labels are used, usually each term has one. (title statement) Container for title and responsibility meta-data. (track configuration) Number of physical/input tracks on a sound medium (e.g., eight track, twelve track). Records the track configuration in numeric form. (treatment history) A record of the treatment the item has undergone (e.g., de-acidification, restoration, etc.). (treatment scheduled) Scheduled treatment, e.g., de-acidification, restoration, etc., for an item. (unpublished) Used to explicitly indicate that a bibliographic resource is unpublished. (usage restrictions) Container for information about the conditions that affect use of a bibliographic item after access has been granted. (watermark description) Contains a description of the watermark(s) of an item. (list of watermarks) Grouping several watermarks. Contains a description of a watermark or similar device. Provides a detailed description of a work — a distinct intellectual or artistic creation — specifically its history, language use, and high-level musical attributes (e.g., key, tempo, meter, medium of performance, and intended duration). (work list) Grouping mechanism for information describing non-bibliographic aspects of a text. Recurring lyrics, especially at the end of each verse or stanza of a poem or song lyrics; a chorus. Division of a poem or song lyrics, sometimes having a fixed length, meter or rhyme scheme; a stanza. Sung text for a specific iteration of a repeated section of music. Encodes the durational quality of a mensural note using the values provided by the data.DURQUALITY.mensural datatype (i.e., the perfect / imperfect / altered / major / minor / duplex quality of a note). Duplex quality can only be used with longas (in Ars antiqua). Maior / minor quality can only be used with semibreves (in Ars antiqua). Together, proport.num and proport.numbase specify a proportional change as a ratio, e.g., 1:3. Proport.num is for the first value in the ratio. Together, proport.num and proport.numbase specify a proportional change as a ratio, e.g., 1:3. Proport.numbase is for the second value in the ratio. Describes the maxima-long relationship. Describes the long-breve relationship. Describes the semibreve-minim relationship. Describes the breve-semibreve relationship. Describes the divisions of the breve in use in 14th-century Italy. When the @divisio attribute is used, the @tempus and @prolatio attributes are not allowed. Indicates this element’s participation in a ligature. States how many spaces are covered by the rest. Records the form of the stem. A mensural notation symbol that combines two or more notes into a single sign. (mensuration) Collects information about the metrical relationship between a note value and the next smaller value; that is, either triple or duple. Plica Only one plica is allowed. (proportion) Description of note duration as arithmetic ratio. A stem element. A note with nested stem elements must not have @stem.* attributes. Records a MIDI channel value. Specifies the 'on' part of the duty cycle as a percentage of a note’s duration. Sets the MIDI port value. Sets the MIDI track. Provides a way of pointing to a MIDI instrument definition. It must contain the ID of an <instrDef> element elsewhere in the document. @instr attribute should have content. The value in @instr should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an instrDef element. Captures the General MIDI instrument number. Use an integer for a 0-based value. Provides a General MIDI label for the MIDI instrument. Sets the instrument’s position in a stereo field. MIDI values of 0 and 1 both pan left, 127 or 128 pans right, and 63 or 64 pans to the center. Positve percentage values pan to the right, negative ones to the left. 0% is centered. Records a non-General MIDI patch/instrument name. Records a non-General MIDI patch/instrument number. Sets the instrument’s volume. Only one of @midi.instrname and @midi.instrnum allowed. Only one of @midi.patchname and @midi.patchnum allowed. (number) MIDI number in the range set by data.MIDIVALUE. Captures the number of *quarter notes* per minute. In MIDI, a beat is always defined as a quarter note, *not the numerator of the time signature or the metronomic indication*. Records the number of microseconds per *quarter note*. In MIDI, a beat is always defined as a quarter note, *not the numerator of the time signature or the metronomic indication*. At 120 quarter notes per minute, each quarter note will last 500,000 microseconds. MIDI number. MIDI number. MIDI Note-on/off velocity. Indicates the number of pulses (sometimes referred to as ticks or divisions) per quarter note. Unlike MIDI, MEI permits different values for a score and individual staves. (control change) MIDI parameter/control change. (channel) MIDI channel assignment. MIDI number in the range set by data.MIDICHANNEL. (channel pressure) MIDI channel pressure/after touch. MIDI cue point. Arbitrary MIDI data in hexadecimal form. (instrument definition) MIDI instrument declaration. (instrument group) Collects MIDI instrument definitions. MIDI marker meta-event. MIDI text meta-event. Container for elements that contain information useful when generating MIDI output. MIDI note-off event. MIDI note-on event. MIDI port. (program) MIDI program change. (sequence number) MIDI sequence number. Number in the range 0-65535. 65535 (track name) MIDI track/sequence name. (velocity) MIDI Note-on/off velocity. Indicates whether this is note-on or note-off velocity data. on Note-on velocity. off Note-off velocity. constituent A physical and logical part of entity. boundwith A physical, but not logical component of the entity, usually included as part of the binding process. separated A logical component of the entity physically held elsewhere. The comptype attribute may occur on only when it is a descendant of a componentList. Identifies the foliation scheme in terms of which the location is being specified by pointing to some foliation element defining it, or to some other equivalent resource. Holds a description of any additional material bound with an item, such as non-contemporaneous documents or fragments. (addition description) Provides a description of significant additions found within an item, such as marginalia or other annotations. (binding) Contains a description of one binding, i.e., type of covering, boards, etc. applied to an item. (binding description) Describes the present and former bindings of an item. Describes the system used to ensure correct ordering of the quires making up an item, typically by means of annotations at the foot of the page. The catchwords element may only appear as a descendant of the physDesc element. Records a description of how the leaves or bifolia of an item are physically arranged. Contains a statement providing information regarding the date, place, agency, or reason for production of the item. (decoration description) Contains a description of the decoration of an item. (decoration note) Contains a description of one or more decorative features of an item. Contains the explicit of a manuscript item; that is, the closing words of the text proper, exclusive of any rubric or colophon which might follow it. Describes the numbering system or systems used to count the folios, leaves, or pages in a manuscript or printed item. Contains a heraldic formula or phrase, typically found as part of a blazon, coat of arms, etc. Describes how text is laid out on the page, including information about any ruling, pricking, or other evidence of page-preparation techniques. Specifies the number of columns per page. Specifies the number of ruled text lines per column. Specifies the number of written text lines per column. Specifies the number of ruled staves per column. Specifies the number of written staves per column. (layout description) Collects layout descriptions. Defines a location within a manuscript or manuscript component, usually as a (possibly discontinuous) sequence of folio references. Specifies the starting point of the location in a normalized form. Specifies the end-point of the location in a normalized form. (locus group) Groups locations which together form a distinct but discontinuous item within a manuscript or manuscript part, according to a specific foliation. The locusGrp element may only appear as a descendant of a physDesc element, a contentItem element, or a source element that is a component of another source or work. Contains a string of words through which a manuscript signals the beginning or end of a text division, often with an assertion as to its author and title, which is in some way set off from the text itself, usually in red ink, or by use of different size or type of script, or some other such visual device. initial Signals beginning of a text division. final Marks the end of a text division. (script description) Contains a description of the letters or characters used in an autographic item. (script note) Describes a particular script distinguished within the description of an autographic item. A single seal or similar attachment. (seal description) Describes the seals or similar external attachments applied to an item. (second folio) Marks the word or words taken from a fixed point in a codex (typically the beginning of the second leaf) in order to provide a unique identifier for the item. The secFolio element may only appear as a descendant of the physDesc element. Provides a description of the leaf or quire signatures found within a codex. The signatures element may only appear as a descendant of the physDesc element. Contains a word or phrase describing an official mark indicating ownership, genuineness, validity, etc. Provides a description of the physical support material of a written item. (support description) Groups elements describing the physical support material of an item. Short, project-defined name for the material composing the majority of the support. Suggested values include: 1] paper; 2] parch; 3] mixed paper Paper. parch Parchment. mixed Mixed materials. (type description) Contains a description of the typefaces or other aspects of the printing of a printed source. (type note) Describes a particular font or other significant typographic feature of a printed resource. (additional name) Contains an additional name component, such as a nickname, epithet, or alias, or any other descriptive phrase used within a personal name. Contains the name of a geopolitical unit consisting of two or more nation states or countries. (corporate name) Identifies an organization or group of people that acts as a single entity. Contains the name of a geopolitical unit, such as a nation, country, colony, or commonwealth, larger than or administratively superior to a region and smaller than a bloc. Contains the name of any kind of subdivision of a settlement, such as a parish, ward, or other administrative or geographic unit. (family name) Contains a family (inherited) name, as opposed to a given, baptismal, or nick name. Contains a forename, given or baptismal name. (generational name component) Contains a name component used to distinguish otherwise similar names on the basis of the relative ages or generations of the persons named. (geographical feature name) Contains a common noun identifying a geographical feature. (geographic name) The proper noun designation for a place, natural feature, or political jurisdiction. (name link) Contains a connecting phrase or link used within a name but not regarded as part of it, such as "van der" or "of", "from", etc. (period name) A label that describes a period of time, such as 'Baroque' or '3rd Style period'. (personal name) Designation for an individual, including any or all of that individual's forenames, surnames, honorific titles, and added names. (postal box or post office box) Contains a number or other identifier for some postal delivery point other than a street address. (postal code) Contains a numerical or alphanumeric code used as part of a postal address to simplify sorting or delivery of mail. Contains the name of an administrative unit such as a state, province, or county, larger than a settlement, but smaller than a country. (role name) Contains a name component which indicates that the referent has a particular role or position in society, such as an official title or rank. Contains the name of a settlement such as a city, town, or village identified as a single geopolitical or administrative unit. full street address including any name or number identifying a building as well as the name of the street or route on which it is located. (style name) A label for a characteristic style of writing or performance, such as 'bebop' or 'rock-n-roll'. Identifies the different kinds of division. Suggested values include: 1] caesura; 2] finalis; 3] maior; 4] maxima; 5] minima; 6] virgula caesura finalis maior maxima minima virgula Captures written octave information. 9 unknown (pitch name) Contains a written pitch name. [a-g]|unknown Connection to the previous component within the same neume; this attribute should not be used for the first component of a neume. g Gapped; not connected. l Looped. e Extended. Pen stroke has an extension; specific to Hispanic notation. Indicates participation in a ligature. Length of the pen stroke relative to the previous component within the same neume; this attribute should not be used for the first component of a neume. l Longer. s Shorter. Direction of the initial direction for an s-shaped pen stroke; i.e., "w" for the standard letter S, "e" for its mirror image, "s" for the letter S turned 90-degrees anti-clockwise, and "n" for its mirror image. Direction of the pen stroke. Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. Suggested values include: 1] apostropha; 2] bistropha; 3] cephalicus; 4] climacus; 5] clivis; 6] epiphonus; 7] oriscus; 8] pes; 9] pessubpunctis; 10] porrectus; 11] porrectusflexus; 12] pressusmaior; 13] pressusminor; 14] punctum; 15] quilisma; 16] scandicus; 17] strophicus; 18] torculus; 19] torculusresupinus; 20] tristropha; 21] virga; 22] virgastrata apostropha bistropha cephalicus climacus clivis epiphonus oriscus pes pessubpunctis porrectus porrectusflexus pressusmaior pressusminor punctum quilisma scandicus strophicus torculus torculusresupinus tristropha virga virgastrata Episema. Hispanic tick. Liquescent. Sign representing a single pitched event, although the exact pitch may not be known. (neume component group) Collection of one or more neume components. Sign representing one or more musical pitches. Oriscus. Quilisma. Significantive letter(s). Strophicus. Neume notation can be thought of as "neumed text". Therefore, the syllable element provides high-level organization in this repertoire. Represents a division (divisio) in neume notation. Divisions indicate short, medium, or long pauses similar to breath marks in modern notation. Indicates the point of occurrence of this feature along a time line. Its value must be the ID of a <when> element elsewhere in the document. @when attribute should have content. A value in @when should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a when element. (audio/video file) References an external digital audio or video file. An avFile child of clip cannot have children. Defines a time segment of interest within a recording or within a digital audio or video file. When @begin or @end is used, @betype should appear on clip or one of its ancestors. A presentation of one or more musical works. A recorded performance. When @begin or @end is used, @betype should be present. Indicates a point in time either absolutely (using the absolute attribute), or relative to another when element (using the since, interval and inttype attributes). @since must be present when @interval is used. The value in @since should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a when element. When @interval contains an integer value, @inttype cannot be 'time'. When @interval contains a time value, @inttype must be 'time'. When @absolute is present, @abstype should be present or @betype should be present on an ancestor. Provides an absolute value for the time point. Specifies the time interval between this time point and the one designated by the since attribute. This attribute can only be interpreted meaningfully in conjunction with the inttype attribute. 1 Specifies the kind of values used in the absolute attribute. Specifies the kind of values used in the interval attribute. Identifies the reference point for determining the time of the current when element, which is obtained by adding the interval to the time of the reference point. The value should be the ID of another when element within the same parent element. If the since attribute is omitted and the absolute attribute is not specified, then the reference point is understood to be the immediately preceding when element. @since attribute should have content. The value in @since should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a when element. (pointer) Defines a traversible pointer to another location, using only attributes to describe the destination. (reference) Defines a traversible reference to another location. May contain text and sub-elements that describe the destination. Records the function of an accidental. caution Cautionary accidental. edit Editorial accidental. Captures a written accidental. Encodes the written articulation(s). Articulations are normally encoded in order from the note head outward; that is, away from the stem. See additional notes at att.vis.note. Only articulations should be encoded in the artic attribute; for example, fingerings should be encoded using the <fing> element. Indicates the next section or movement to be performed. @target attribute should have content. The value in @target should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a section or mdiv element. The intended audience. private Internal use only. public Available to all audiences. Records the number of augmentation dots required by a written dotted duration. An element with a dots attribute must also have a dur attribute. A name or label associated with a controlled vocabulary or other authoritative source for this element or its content. A web-accessible location of the controlled vocabulary or other authoritative source of identification or definition for this element or its content. This attribute may contain a complete URI or a partial URI which is completed by the value of the codedval attribute. Records the appearance and usually the function of the bar line. States the length of bar lines in virtual units. The value must be greater than 0 and is typically equal to 2 times (the number of staff lines - 1); e.g., a value of 8 for a 5-line staff. 0 Records the method of barring. "mensur" not allowed in this context. Denotes the staff location of bar lines, if the length is non-standard; that is, not equal to 2 times (the number of staff lines - 1). Provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references. Contains a reference to a field or element in another descriptive encoding system to which this MEI element is comparable. Indicates the calendar system to which a date belongs, for example, Gregorian, Julian, Roman, Mosaic, Revolutionary, Islamic, etc. A value that represents or identifies other data. Often, it is a primary key in the database or a unique value in the coded list identified by the @auth or @auth.uri attributes. Contains one or more URIs which denote classification terms that apply to the entity bearing this attribute. The value in @class must either correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a category element or be an external URL. Records the function of the clef. A "cautionary" clef does not change the following pitches. Encodes a value for the clef symbol. Contains a default value for the position of the clef. The value must be in the range between 1 and the number of lines on the staff. The numbering of lines starts with the lowest line of the staff. Records the amount of octave displacement to be applied to the clef. Records the direction of octave displacement to be applied to the clef. An 'F', 'C', or 'G' clef requires that its position be specified. A TAB or percussion clef requires that the number of lines be specified. Describes a clef’s shape. When @shape is present, @line must also be specified. Used to indicate visual appearance. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation. Indicates this feature is 'colored'; that is, it is a participant in a change in rhythmic values. In mensural notation, coloration is indicated by colored notes (red, black, etc.) where void notes would otherwise occur. In CMN, coloration is indicated by an inverse color; that is, the note head is void when it would otherwise be filled and vice versa. Indicates the lower-right corner x coordinate. Indicates the lower-right corner y coordinate. Indicates the amount by which the contents of this element have been rotated clockwise or, if applicable, how the orientation of the element self should be interpreted, with respect to the normal orientation of the parent surface. The orientation is expressed in arc degrees. Indicates the upper-left corner x coordinate. Indicates the upper-left corner y coordinate. Records the placement of Bezier control points as a series of pairs of space-separated values; e.g., 19 45 -32 118. Describes a curve as one or more pairs of values with respect to an imaginary line connecting the starting and ending points of the curve. The first value captures a distance to the left (positive value) or right (negative value) of the line, expressed in virtual units. The second value of each pair represents a point along the line, expressed as a percentage of the line’s length. N.B. An MEI virtual unit (vu) is half the distance between adjacent staff lines where the interline space is measured from the middle of a staff line. Describes a curve with a generic term indicating the direction of curvature. above Upward curve. below Downward curve. mixed A "meandering" curve, both above and below the items it pertains to. Encodes the target note when its pitch differs from the pitch at which the custos appears. @target attribute should have content. The value in @target should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a note element. Contains the end point of a date range in standard ISO form. Provides the value of a textual date in standard ISO form. Contains an upper boundary for an uncertain date in standard ISO form. Contains a lower boundary, in standard ISO form, for an uncertain date. Contains the starting point of a date range in standard ISO form. Used to link metadata elements to one or more data-containing elements. @data attribute should have content. The value in @data should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a descendant of the music element. XPath used to select data to which an element or a property applies. Used to describe the status of a document (currently or at the time indicated by a date). Suggested values include: 1] draft; 2] in-process; 3] candidate; 4] approved; 5] published; 6] withdrawn; 7] embargoed draft Initial or preliminary version of the document. in-process Document is under development. candidate Content of the document is ready for review. approved Content of the document is reviewed and ready to be published. published Document is published. withdrawn Publication of the document has been reversed. embargoed Document cannot be published (in full or in part) due to an embargo. Identifies one or more metadata elements (other than classification terms) within the header, which are understood to apply to the element bearing this attribute and its content. @decls attribute should have content. Each value in @decls should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element within the metadata header. No value in @decls should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a classification term. Use @class for this purpose. Records the default distance from the staff for directives. Records the default distance from the staff for dynamic marks. Records the default distance from the staff of harmonic indications, such as guitar chord grids or functional labels. Records the default distance from the staff for rehearsal marks. Records the default distance from the staff for tempo marks. Records the function of the dot. aug Augmentation dot. div Dot of division. (duration) When a duration cannot be represented as a single power-of-two value, multiple space-separated values that add up to the total duration may be used. Contains a default duration in those situations when the first note, rest, chord, etc. in a measure does not have a duration specified. Along with numbase.default, describes the default duration as a ratio. num.default is the first value in the ratio. Along with num.default, describes the default duration as a ratio. numbase.default is the second value in the ratio. (duration) Records the duration of a feature using the relative durational values provided by the data.DURATION datatype. (number) Along with numbase, describes duration as a ratio. num is the first value in the ratio, while numbase is the second. Along with num, describes duration as a ratio. num is the first value in the ratio, while numbase is the second. Records the characters often used to mark accidentals, articulations, and sometimes notes as having a cautionary or editorial function. For an example of cautionary accidentals enclosed in parentheses, see Read, p. 131, ex. 9-14. Describes where ending marks should be displayed. top Ending rendered only above top staff. barred Ending rendered above staves that have bar lines drawn across them. grouped Endings rendered above staff groups. Signifies the degree of certainty or precision associated with a feature. Indicates the nature of the evidence supporting the reliability or accuracy of the intervention or interpretation. Suggested values include: 1] internal; 2] external; 3] conjecture internal There is evidence within the document to support the intervention. external There is evidence outside the document to support the intervention. conjecture The assertion has been made by the editor, cataloguer, or scholar on the basis of their expertise. Indicates the presence of an extension symbol, typically a line. Captures a measurement, count, or description. When extent contains a numeric value, use the unit attribute to indicate the measurement unit. The @unit attribute is recommended. Separation into value (@extent) and unit (@unit) is recommended. Indicates the attachment of a fermata to this element. If visual information about the fermata needs to be recorded, then a <fermata> element should be employed instead. Holds the number of initial characters (such as those constituting an article or preposition) that should not be used for sorting a title or name. Records the function (i.e., placement) of a page header or footer. Indicates the nesting level of staff grouping symbols. Signifies the hand responsible for an action. The value must be the ID of a <hand> element declared in the header. @hand attribute should have content. Each value in @hand should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a hand element. Measurement of the vertical dimension of an entity. Records horizontal alignment. Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Specifies the applicable MIME (multimedia internet mail extension) type. The value should be a valid MIME media type defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2046. Used for linking visually separate entities that form a single logical entity, for example, multiple slurs broken across a system break that form a single musical phrase. Also used to indicate a measure which metrically completes the current one. Record the identifiers of the separately encoded components, excluding the one carrying the attribute. @join attribute should have content. Each value in @join should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Written key signature. Written key signature. Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Identifies the language of the element’s content. The values for this attribute are language 'tags' as defined in BCP 47. All language tags that make use of private use sub-tags must be documented in a corresponding language element in the MEI header whose id attribute is the same as the language tag’s value. Specifies the transliteration technique used. Provides a mechanism for linking the layer to a layerDef element. @def attribute should have content. The value in @def should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a layerDef element. Identifies the layer to which a feature applies. Indicates the line upon which a feature stands. The value must be in the range between 1 and the number of lines on the staff. The numbering of lines starts with the lowest line of the staff. (line end symbol) Symbol rendered at end of line. Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol. (line start symbol) Symbol rendered at start of line. Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol. Describes the style of a line. Width of a line. Describes the number of segments into which a dashed or dotted line may be divided, or the number of "peaks" of a wavy line; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal. 2 2 @lform attribute matching "dashed", "dotted", or "wavy" required. Points to an element of which the current element is a copy. An element with a copyof attribute can only have comment or processing instruction descendents. @copyof attribute should have content. The value in @copyof should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Used to point to other elements that correspond to this one in a generic fashion. @corresp attribute should have content. Each value in @corresp should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be predecessors of the current element. @follows attribute should have content. Each value in @follows must correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Used to point to the next event(s) in a user-defined collection. @next attribute should have content. Each value in @next should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be successors of the current element. @precedes attribute should have content. Each value in @precedes must correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Points to the previous event(s) in a user-defined collection. @prev attribute should have content. Each value in @prev should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Points to an element that is the same as the current element but is not a literal copy of the current element. @sameas attribute should have content. Each value in @sameas should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Points to elements that are synchronous with the current element. @synch attribute should have content. Each value in @synch should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Describes the alignment of lyric syllables associated with a note or chord. Sets the font family default value for lyrics. Sets the font name default value for lyrics. Sets the default font size value for lyrics. Sets the default font style value for lyrics. Sets the default font weight value for lyrics. Indicates the unit of measurement. Suggested values include: 1] byte; 2] char; 3] cm; 4] deg; 5] in; 6] issue; 7] ft; 8] m; 9] mm; 10] page; 11] pc; 12] pt; 13] px; 14] rad; 15] record; 16] vol; 17] vu byte Byte. char Character. cm Centimeter. deg Degree. in Inch. issue Serial issue. ft Foot. m Meter. mm Millimeter. page Page. pc Pica. pt Point. px Pixel. rad Radian. record Record. vol Serial volume. vu MEI virtual unit. Indicates whether measure numbers should be displayed. Specifies a point where the relevant content begins. A numerical value must be less and a time value must be earlier than that given by the end attribute. Specifies a point where the relevant content ends. If not specified, the end of the content is assumed to be the end point. A numerical value must be greater and a time value must be later than that given by the begin attribute. Type of values used in the begin/end attributes. The begin and end attributes can only be interpreted meaningfully in conjunction with this attribute. Describes the writing medium. Specifies a generic MEI version label. 6.0-dev Version of MEI 6.0-dev+cmn Version of MEI CMN customization 6.0-dev+mensural Version of MEI Mensural customization 6.0-dev+neumes Version of MEI Neumes customization The @meiversion attribute is not allowed on elements that are not the document root element. Level of duration at which the proportion given by the @num and @numbase ratio applies. (meter conformance) Indicates the relationship between the content of a staff or layer and the prevailing meter. c Complete; i.e., conformant with the prevailing meter. i Incomplete; i.e., not enough beats. o Overfull; i.e., too many beats. (meter conformance) Indicates the relationship between the content of a measure and the prevailing meter. Indicates whether or not a bar line is "controlling"; that is, if it indicates a point of alignment across all the parts. Bar lines within a score are usually controlling; that is, they "line up". Bar lines within parts may or may not be controlling. When applied to <measure>, this attribute indicates the nature of the right bar line but not the left. Captures the number of beats in a measure, that is, the top number of the meter signature. It must contain a decimal number or an expression that evaluates to a decimal number, such as 2+3 or 3*2. \d+(\.\d+)?(\s*[\+\-\*/]\s*\d+(\.\d+)?)* (symbol) Indicates the use of a meter symbol instead of a numeric meter signature, that is, 'C' for common time or 'C' with a slash for cut time. Contains the number indicating the beat unit, that is, the bottom number of the meter signature. Captures the number of beats in a measure, that is, the top number of the meter signature. It must contain a decimal number or an expression that evaluates to a decimal number, such as 2+3 or 3*2. \d+(\.\d+)?(\s*[\+\-\*/]\s*\d+(\.\d+)?)* Contains the number indicating the beat unit, that is, the bottom number of the meter signature. 0 Indicates the use of a meter symbol instead of a numeric meter signature, that is, 'C' for common time or 'C' with a slash for cut time. Used to describe tempo in terms of beats (often the meter signature denominator) per minute, ala M.M. (Maelzel’s Metronome). Do not confuse this attribute with midi.bpm or midi.mspb. In MIDI, a beat is always defined as a quarter note, *not the numerator of the time signature or the metronomic indication*. Captures the metronomic unit. Records the number of augmentation dots required by a dotted metronome unit. Indicates whether programmatically calculated counts of multiple measures of rest (mRest) and whole measure repeats (mRpt) in parts should be rendered. Used to record a pointer to the regularized form of the name elsewhere in the document. @nymref attribute should have content. The value in @nymref should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Used to specify further information about the entity referenced by this name, for example, the occupation of a person or the status of a place. Provides a numeric designation that indicates an element’s position in a sequence of similar elements. Its value must be a non-negative integer. Provides a number-like designation that indicates an element’s position in a sequence of similar elements. May not contain space characters. Sets the default music font name. Sets the default music font size. Provides a way of pointing to a user-defined symbol. It must contain a reference to an ID of a <symbolDef> element elsewhere in the document. @head.altsym attribute should have content. The value in @head.altsym should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a symbolDef element. A name or label associated with the controlled vocabulary from which a numerical value of @head.shape is taken. Suggested values include: 1] smufl smufl Standard Music Font Layout. When @head.auth matches 'smufl', @head.shape must contain a numeric glyph reference in hexadecimal notation, like "#xE000" or "U+E000". Captures the overall color of a notehead. Describes how/if the notehead is filled. Captures the fill color of a notehead if different from the overall note color. Records any additional symbols applied to the notehead. Describes rotation applied to the basic notehead shape. A positive value rotates the notehead in a counter-clockwise fashion, while negative values produce clockwise rotation. Used to override the head shape normally used for the given duration. SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF. Indicates if a feature should be rendered when the notation is presented graphically or sounded when it is presented in an aural form. (octave) Captures written octave information. Contains a default octave specification for use when the first note, rest, chord, etc. in a measure does not have an octave value specified. Records the amount of octave displacement. Records the direction of octave displacement. Determines the placement of notes on a 1-line staff. A value of true places all notes on the line, while a value of false places stems-up notes above the line and stems-down notes below the line. Indicates whether staves without notes, rests, etc. should be displayed. When the value is 'true', empty staves are not displayed. identifies the layer on which referenced notation occurs. signifies the staff on which referenced notation occurs. Defaults to the same value as the local staff. Mandatory when applicable. indicates the first element in a sequence of events. indicates the final element in a sequence of events. encodes the starting point of musical material in terms of musical time, i.e., a (potentially negative) count of measures plus a beat location. encodes the ending point of musical material in terms of musical time, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location. The values are relative to the measure identified by @origin.tstamp. When @origin.tstamp2 is used @origin.tstamp must also be present. Specifies the height of the page; may be expressed in real-world units or staff steps. Describes the width of the page; may be expressed in real-world units or staff steps. (page top margin) Indicates the amount of whitespace at the top of a page. (page bottom margin) Indicates the amount of whitespace at the bottom of a page. (page left margin) Indicates the amount of whitespace at the left side of a page. (page right margin) Indicates the amount of whitespace at the right side of a page. Indicates the number of logical pages to be rendered on a single physical page. Indicates how the page should be scaled when rendered. Indicates the part in which the current feature should appear. Use '%all' when the feature should occur in every part. (%all|#[\i][\c]+) '%all' cannot be mixed with other values. Signifies the part staff on which a notated feature occurs. Use '%all' when the feature should occur on every staff. (%all|\d+(-\d+)?) '%all' cannot be mixed with other values. (pitch name) Contains a written pitch name. Indicates the placement of the item within the staff. A value of true means on the staff, and false off the staff. Captures the placement of the item with respect to the event with which it is associated. Captures the placement of the item with respect to the staff with which it is associated. When the target attribute is present, plist identifies the active participants; that is, those entities pointed "from", in a relationship with the specified target(s). When the target attribute is not present, it identifies participants in a mutual relationship. @plist attribute should have content. Each value in @plist should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Defines whether a link occurs automatically or must be requested by the user. onLoad Load the target resource(s) immediately. onRequest Load the target resource(s) upon user request. none Do not permit loading of the target resource(s). other Behavior other than allowed by the other values of this attribute. Characterization of the relationship between resources. The value of the role attribute must be a URI. Defines how a remote resource is rendered. new Open in a new window. replace Load the referenced resource in the same window. embed Embed the referenced resource at the point of the link. none Do not permit traversal to the referenced resource. other Behavior other than permitted by the other values of this attribute. Identifies passive participants in a relationship; that is, the entities pointed "to". Characterization of target resource(s) using any convenient classification scheme or typology. Numeric value capturing a measurement or count. Can only be interpreted in combination with the unit attribute. 0 Gives a minimum estimated value for an approximate measurement. Gives a maximum estimated value for an approximate measurement. Where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range of values, supplies the minimum value observed. Where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range of values, supplies the maximum value observed. Specifies the degree of statistical confidence (between zero and one) that a value falls within the range specified by min and max, or the proportion of observed values that fall within that range. The attributes @min and @max are required when @confidence is present. Indicates the function of the mark, usually implying a corresponding form. coda Coda (SMuFL E048 or Unicode 1D10C). segno Segno (SMuFL E047 or Unicode 1D10B). dalSegno Dal segno (SMuFL E045 or Unicode 1D109). daCapo Da capo (SMuFL E046 or Unicode 1D10A). fine Fine. (text) daCapoAlFine D.C. al Fine. (text) dalSegnoAlFine D.S. al Fine. (text) daCapoAlCoda D.C. al Coda. (text) dalSegnoAlCoda D.S. al Coda. (text) repeatLeft Left repeat barline as a separate symbol disconnected from staff lines (SMuFL E04C or Unicode 1D106) repeatRight Right repeat barline as a separate symbol disconnected from staff lines (SMuFL E04D or Unicode 1D107) repeatRightLeft Right and left repeat barline as a separate symbol disconnected from staff lines (SMuFL E042) Indicates the agent(s) responsible for some aspect of the text’s transcription, editing, or encoding. Its value must point to one or more identifiers declared in the document header. @resp attribute should have content. The value in @resp should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element within the metadata header. Records the duration of a rest using the relative durational values provided by the data.DURATIONRESTS datatype. Scale factor to be applied to the feature to make it the desired display size. Used to assign a sequence number related to the order in which the encoded features carrying this attribute are believed to have occurred. Indicates the number of slashes present. Indicates that this element participates in a slur. If visual information about the slur needs to be recorded, then a <slur> element should be employed. Contains a list of one or more pointers indicating the sources which attest to a given reading. Each value should correspond to the ID of a <source> or <manifestation>element located in the document header. @source attribute should have content. Each value in @source should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a source or manifestation element. Describes a note’s spacing relative to its time value. Describes the note spacing of output. Specifies the minimum amount of space between adjacent staves in the same system; measured from the bottom line of the staff above to the top line of the staff below. Describes the space between adjacent systems; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal. Provides a mechanism for linking the staff to a staffDef element. @def attribute should have content. The value in @def should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a staffDef element. Indicates the number of staff lines. Specifies the symbol used to group a set of staves. brace Curved symbol, i.e., {. bracket Square symbol, i.e., [, but with curved/angled top and bottom segments. bracketsq Square symbol, i.e., [, with horizontal top and bottom segments. line Line symbol, i.e., |, (wide) line without top and bottom curved/horizontal segments. none Grouping symbol missing. Signifies the staff on which a notated event occurs or to which a control event applies. Mandatory when applicable. Describes vertical order of items printed above a staff, from closest to farthest away from the staff. Describes vertical order of items printed below a staff, from closest to farthest away from the staff. Describes vertical order of items printed between staves, from top to bottom. Holds the staff location of the feature. Captures staff location in terms of written pitch name. Records staff location in terms of written octave. Indicates the final element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. @endid attribute should have content. The value in @endid should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Holds a reference to the first element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. @startid attribute should have content. The value in @startid should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element. Describes the direction of a stem. Encodes the stem length. Encodes any stem "modifiers"; that is, symbols rendered on the stem, such as tremolo or Sprechstimme indicators. Records the position of the stem in relation to the note head(s). Points to a note element in a different layer whose stem is shared. The linked notes should be rendered like a chord though they are part of different layers. @stem.sameas attribute should have content. The value in @stem.sameas should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of the linked note element of a different layer. The linked notes by @stem.sameas should have the same @dur values. Determines whether a stem should be displayed. Records the output x coordinate of the stem’s attachment point. Records the output y coordinate of the stem’s attachment point. Describes the symbols typically used to indicate breaks between syllables and their functions. s Space (word separator). d Dash (syllable separator). u Underscore (syllable extension). t Tilde (syllable elision). c Circumflex [angled line above] (syllable elision). v Caron [angled line below] (syllable elision). i Inverted breve [curved line above] (syllable elision). b Breve [curved line below] (syllable elision). Records the position of a syllable within a word. i (initial) first syllable. m (medial) neither first nor last syllable. s (single) single syllable. t (terminal) last syllable. Holds an associated sung text syllable. Indicates whether the system starts with a continuous line connecting all staves, including single-staff systems. Do not confuse this with the heavy vertical line used as a grouping symbol. Describes the amount of whitespace at the left system margin relative to page.leftmar. Describes the amount of whitespace at the right system margin relative to page.rightmar. Describes the distance from page’s top edge to the first system; used for first page only. Specifies the intended meaning when a participant in a relationship is itself a pointer. all If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then the target of that pointer will be taken, and so on, until an element is found which is not a pointer. one If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then its target (whether a pointer or not) is taken as the target of this pointer. none No further evaluation of targets is carried out beyond that needed to find the element(s) specified in plist or target attribute. Records the function of a tempo indication. continuous Marks a gradual change of tempo, such as "accel." or "rit." instantaneous Represents a static tempo instruction, such as a textual term like "Adagio", a metronome marking like "♩=70", or a combination of text and metronome indication. metricmod Captures a change in pulse rate (tempo) and/or pulse grouping (subdivision) in an "equation" of the form [tempo before change] = [tempo after change]. precedente Indicates a change in pulse rate (tempo) and/or pulse grouping (subdivision) in an "equation" of the form [tempo after change] = [tempo before change]. The term "precedente" often appears following the "equation" to distinguish this kind of historical usage from the modern metric modulation form. Used to extend the values of the rend attribute. (rendition) Captures the appearance of the element’s contents using MEI-defined descriptors. Provides a default value for the font family name of text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements. Provides a default value for the font name of text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements. Provides a default value for the font size of text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements. Provides a default value for the font style of text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements. Provides a default value for the font weight for text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements. Indicates that this element participates in a tie. If visual information about the tie needs to be recorded, then a <tie> element should be employed. (time stamp) Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. (transposition (diatonic)) Records the amount of diatonic pitch shift, e.g., C to C♯ = 0, C to D♭ = 1, necessary to calculate the sounded pitch from the written one. (transposition (semitones)) Records the amount of pitch shift in semitones, e.g., C to C♯ = 1, C to D♭ = 1, necessary to calculate the sounded pitch from the written one. Describes the tuning standard used. Holds a value for cycles per second, i.e., Hertz, for a tuning reference pitch. Holds the pitch name of a tuning reference pitch, i.e., the central tone of a tuning system. Provides an indication of the tuning system, just, for example. Indicates that this feature participates in a tuplet. If visual information about the tuplet needs to be recorded, then a <tuplet> element should be employed. Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. Contains the name of a font-family. Holds the name of a font. Indicates the size of a font expressed in printers' points, i.e., 1/72nd of an inch, relative terms, e.g., small, larger, etc., or percentage values relative to normal size, e.g., 125%. Records the style of a font, i.e., italic, oblique, or normal. Used to indicate bold type. Indicates letter spacing (aka tracking) in analogy to the CSS letter-spacing property. Indicates line height in analogy to the CSS line-height property. Records vertical alignment. Provides a label for members of a vertically aligned group. Indicates if a feature should be rendered when the notation is presented graphically or sounded when it is presented in an aural form. Records a horizontal adjustment to a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of musical time; that is, beats. Records the vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Records a vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Records a vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Specifies the symbol used to group lyrics. brace Curved symbol, i.e., {. bracket Square symbol, i.e., [, but with curved/angled top and bottom segments. bracketsq Square symbol, i.e., [, with horizontal top and bottom segments. line Line symbol, i.e., |, (wide) line without top and bottom curved/horizontal segments. none Grouping symbol missing. Allows one to signal to an application whether an element’s white space is "significant". The behavior of xml:space cascades to all descendant elements, but it can be turned off locally by setting the xml:space attribute to the value default. default Allows the application to handle white space as necessary. Not including an xml:space attribute produces the same result as using the default value. preserve Instructs the application to maintain white space "as-is", suggesting that it might have meaning. Measurement of the horizontal dimension of an entity. Encodes an x coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute. Encodes a y coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute. Encodes the optional 2nd x coordinate. Encodes the optional 2nd y coordinate. (accidental) Records a temporary alteration to the pitch of a note. Name of an actor appearing within a cast list. Contains a postal address, for example of a publisher, an organization, or an individual. (address line) Single line of a postal address. Range of a voice, instrument or piece. Highest or lowest pitch in a score, staff, or layer. (analytic level) Contains bibliographic elements describing an item (e.g., an article or poem) published within a monograph or journal and not as an independent publication. (annotation) Provides a statement explaining the text or indicating the basis for an assertion. The @data attribute may only occur on an annotation within the notesStmt element. (articulation) An indication of how to play a note or chord. Vertical line drawn through one or more staves that divides musical notation into metrical units. (bibliographic reference) Provides a loosely-structured bibliographic citation in which the sub-components may or may not be explicitly marked. List of bibliographic references. When labels are used, usually each bibliographic item has one. (scope of citation) Defines the scope of a bibliographic reference, for example as a list of page numbers, or a named subdivision of a larger work. (structured bibliographic citation) Contains a bibliographic citation in which bibliographic sub-elements must appear in a specified order. Contains the whole of a single musical text, excluding any front or back matter. Break, pause, or interruption in the normal tempo of a composition. Typically indicated by "railroad tracks", i.e., two diagonal slashes. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. A label which accompanies an illustration or a table. (cast group) Groups one or more individual castItem elements within a cast list. Contains a single entry within a cast list, describing either a single role or a list of non-speaking roles. Contains a single cast list or dramatis personae. (column beginning) An empty formatting element that forces text to begin in a new column. Records the column number. Column beginning must be preceded by a colLayout element. The value of @n should be less than or equal to the value of @cols () of the preceding colLayout element. A simultaneous sounding of two or more notes in the same layer *with the same duration*. Indication of the exact location of a particular note on the staff and, therefore, the other notes as well. The clef position must be less than or equal to the number of lines of an ancestor staff. The clef position must be less than or equal to the number of lines of a preceding staff. (clef group) A set of simultaneously-occurring clefs. (column layout) An empty formatting element that signals the start of columnar layout. Records the number of columns. Names of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for contributions to the intellectual content of a work, where the specialized elements for authors, editors, etc. do not suffice or do not apply. Non-bibliographic details of the creation of an intellectual entity, in narrative form, such as the date, place, and circumstances of its composition. More detailed information may be captured within the history element. Names of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for the creation of the intellectual content of a work, e.g., authors, composers, etc. (context based also lyricists and librettist). Symbol placed at the end of a line of music to indicate the first note of the next line. Sometimes called a "direct". A string identifying a point in time or the time period between two such points. Description of a measurement taken through a three-dimensional object. (description) Container for text that briefly describes the feature to which it is attached, including its intended usage, purpose, or application as appropriate. (dimension) Any single dimensional specification. Aspect of the object being measured. Suggested values include: 1] alt; 2] angle; 3] circum; 4] depth; 5] diameter; 6] elevation; 7] height; 8] length; 9] radius; 10] relief; 11] width alt Altitude. Refers to the distance above a given level, commonly mean sea level. angle Angle. Amount of rotation needed to bring one line or plane into coincidence with another. circum Circumference of a circular area. depth Dimension taken through an object or body of material, usually downward from an upper surface, horizontally inward from an outer surface, or from top to bottom of something regarded as one of several layers. diameter Length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle or sphere and meeting the circumference or surface at each end. elevation Distance to which something has been raised or uplifted above a level, e.g., a hill’s elevation above the surrounding country. height Denotes extent upward (as from foot to head) as well as any measurable distance above a given level. length Measure of the greatest dimension of a plane or solid figure. radius Half the diameter of a circular, spherical, or cylindrical object. relief Projection of a figure or part from the plane on which it is formed. width Extent from side to side; breadth. Information about the physical size of an entity; usually includes numerical data. The depth element may only appear once. The height element may only appear once. The width element may only appear once. (directive) An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols, typically above, below, or between staves, but not on the staff — that is not encoded elsewhere in more specific elements, like <tempo>, <dynam> or <repeatMark>. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Person or agency, other than a publisher, from which access (including electronic access) to a bibliographic entity may be obtained. (division) Major structural division of text, such as a preface, chapter or section. Characterizes the textual division in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. Suggested values include: 1] abstract; 2] ack; 3] appendix; 4] bibliography; 5] colophon; 6] contents; 7] dedication; 8] frontispiece; 9] glossary; 10] half-title; 11] index; 12] annotations; 13] preface abstract A summary of the content of a text as continuous prose. ack A formal declaration of acknowledgment by the author in which persons and institutions are thanked for their part in the creation of a text. appendix An ancillary self-contained section of a work, often providing additional but in some sense extra-canonical text. bibliography A list of bibliographic citations. colophon A statement appearing at the end of a book describing the conditions of its physical production. contents A table of contents, specifying the structure of a work and listing its constituents. The list element should be used to mark its structure. dedication A formal offering or dedication of a text to one or more persons or institutions by the author. frontispiece A pictorial frontispiece, possibly including some text. glossary A list of terms associated with definition texts (‘glosses’). half-title A page containing only the title of a book — as opposed to the title page, which also lists subtitle, author, imprint and similar data. index Any form of index to the work. annotations A section in which annotations on the text are gathered together. preface A foreword or preface addressed to the reader in which the author or publisher explains the content, purpose, or origin of the text. Dot of augmentation or division. (dynamic) Indication of the volume of a note, phrase, or section of music. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. When @val2 is present, either @dur, @dur.ges, @endid, or @tstamp2 must also be present. (edition designation) A word or text phrase that indicates a difference in either content or form between the item being described and a related item previously issued by the same publisher/distributor (e.g., 2nd edition, version 2.0, etc.), or simultaneously issued by either the same publisher/distributor or another publisher/distributor (e.g., large print edition, British edition, etc.). The name of the individual(s), institution(s) or organization(s) acting in an editorial capacity. Alternative ending for a repeated passage of music; i.e., prima volta, seconda volta, etc. Contains a free-text event description. Contains historical information given as a sequence of significant past events. Indicates how a section may be programmatically expanded into its 'through-composed' form. Used to express size in terms other than physical dimensions, such as number of pages, records, bytes, physical components, etc. (extended data) Provides a container element for non-MEI data formats. Names of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for funding. Funders provide financial support for a project; they are distinct from sponsors, who provide intellectual support and authority. Term or terms that designate a category characterizing a particular style, form, or content. Contains a composite musical text, grouping together a sequence of distinct musical texts (or groups of such musical texts) which are regarded as a unit for some purpose, for example, the collected works of a composer. (group symbol) A brace or bracket used to group two or more staves of a score or part. In scoreDef, grpSym must have startid, endid, and level attributes. In staffGrp, grpSym must not have startid, endid, or level attributes. (heading) Contains any heading, for example, the title of a section of text, or the heading of a list. Description of the vertical size of an object. An alpha-numeric string that establishes the identity of the described material. Information relating to the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item. (incipit) The opening music and/or words of a musical or textual work. (key accidental) Accidental in a key signature. One of the following is required: @x and @y attribute pair, @pname attribute, or @loc attribute. Specifies whether enharmonic (written) values or implicit ("perform-able") values are allowed. implicit Only performed values (sharp, flat, natural) allowed. explicit All enharmonic (written) values allowed. (key signature) Written key signature. If the @oct attribute appears on any keyAccid element, it must be provided on all keyAccid elements. Only keyAccid elements are allowed here. A container for document text that identifies the feature to which it is attached. For a "tool tip" or other generated label, use the @label attribute. A label on the pages following the first. An independent stream of events on a staff. (layer definition) Container for layer meta-information. (line beginning) An empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new line. (line group) May be used for any section of text that is organized as a group of lines; however, it is most often used for a group of verse lines functioning as a formal unit, e.g., a stanza, refrain, verse paragraph, etc. (musical division) Contains a subdivision of the body of a musical text. Contains a single MEI-conformant document, consisting of an MEI header and a musical text, either in isolation or as part of an meiCorpus element. The values in @staff must correspond to @n attribute of a staffDef element. (monograph level) Contains bibliographic elements describing an item, for example, a published book or journal, score, recording, or an unpublished manuscript. Contains a single musical text of any kind, whether unitary or composite, for example, an etude, opera, song cycle, symphony, or anthology of piano solos. Proper noun or noun phrase. Recommended practice is to use name elements to capture sub-parts of a generic name. Characterizes the name in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. Suggested values include: 1] person; 2] corporation; 3] location; 4] process; 5] style; 6] time person A personal name. corporation Name of a corporate body. location Name of a location. process Name of a process or software application. style Name of a musical style; i.e., form, genre, technique, etc. time Name of a period of time. A single pitched event. (number) Numeric information in any form. Numeric value capturing a measurement or count. Can only be interpreted in combination with the unit attribute. An element indicating an ornament that is not a mordent, turn, or trill. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. (paragraph) One or more text phrases that form a logical prose passage. (padding) An indication of extra visual space between notational elements. An alternative visual rendition of the score from the point of view of a particular performer (or group of performers). Provides a container for performers' parts. (page beginning) An empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new page. (page description) Contains a brief prose description of the appearance or description of the content of a physical page. (page footer) A running footer. (page header) A running header. Indication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2. The visual attributes of the phrase (@bezier, @bulge, @curvedir, @lform, @lwidth, @ho, @startho, @endho, @to, @startto, @endto, @vo, @startvo, @endvo, @x, @y, @x2, and @y2) will be overridden by visual attributes of the contained curve elements. (physical location) Groups information about the current physical location of a bibliographic item, such as the repository in which it is located and its shelf mark(s), and its previous locations. Name of the organization responsible for the publication of a bibliographic item. (publication place) Name of the place where a bibliographic item was published. The name of the individual(s), institution(s) or organization(s) receiving correspondence. (related item) Contains or references another bibliographic item which is related to the present one. Describes the relationship between the entity identified by the <relatedItem> element and the resource described in the parent element, i.e., <bibl>, <source> or <relatedItem>. Describes a relationship or linkage amongst entities. Within work, expression, source, or item, the value of the rel attribute must match one of the following: hasAbridgement, isAbridgementOf, hasAdaptation, isAdaptationOf, hasAlternate, isAlternateOf, hasArrangement, isArrangementOf, hasComplement, isComplementOf, hasEmbodiment, isEmbodimentOf, hasExemplar, isExemplarOf, hasImitation, isImitationOf, hasPart, isPartOf, hasRealization, isRealizationOf, hasReconfiguration, isReconfigurationOf, hasReproduction, isReproductionOf, hasRevision, isRevisionOf, hasSuccessor, isSuccessorOf, hasSummarization, isSummarizationOf, hasSupplement, isSupplementOf, hasTransformation, isTransformationOf, hasTranslation, isTranslationOf Within work, expression, source or item, the target attribute must be present. Describes the relationship between the entities identified by the plist and target attributes. Gathers relation elements. (render) A formatting element indicating special visual rendering, e.g., bold or italicized, of a text word or phrase. A positive value for rotation rotates the text in a counter-clockwise fashion, while negative values produce clockwise rotation. Institution, agency, or individual which holds a bibliographic item. (responsibility) A phrase describing the nature of intellectual responsibility. (responsibility statement) Names one or more individuals, groups, or in rare cases, mechanical processes, responsible for creation, realization, production, funding, or distribution of the intellectual or artistic content. At least one element pair (a resp element and a name-like element) is recommended. Alternatively, each name-like element may have a @role attribute. Name-like elements with a @role are recommended here. Name-like elements with a @role are recommended here (instead of resp). A non-sounding event found in the source being transcribed. Name of a dramatic role, as given in a cast list. (role description) Describes a character’s role in a drama. (system beginning) An empty formatting element that forces musical notation to begin on a new line. Full score view of the musical content. (score definition) Container for score meta-information. Segment of music data. A section containing an expansion element must have descendant section, ending, or rdg elements. Contains information about the serial publication in which a bibliographic item has appeared. A placeholder used to fill an incomplete measure, layer, etc. most often so that the combined duration of the events equals the number of beats in the measure. Contains a specialized form of heading or label, giving the name of one or more speakers in a dramatic text or fragment. Names of sponsoring individuals, organizations or institutions. Sponsors give their intellectual authority to a project; they are to be distinguished from funders, who provide the funding but do not necessarily take intellectual responsibility. (stacked text) An inline table with a single column. Indicates the delimiter used to mark the portions of text that are to be stacked. Specifies how the stacked text components should be aligned. left Left justified. right Right justified. center Centered. rightdigit Aligned on right-most digit. A group of equidistant horizontal lines on which notes are placed in order to represent pitch or a grouping element for individual 'strands' of notes, rests, etc. that may or may not actually be rendered on staff lines; that is, both diastematic and non-diastematic signs. There must be a preceding staffDef with a matching value of @n, a preceding staff with a matching @n value containing a staffDef, or a staffDef child element. (staff definition) Container for staff meta-information. StaffDef must have an n attribute. Either @lines must be present or a preceding staffDef with the same value for @n and @lines must exist. Only one clef or clefGrp is permitted. @n must have the same value as the current staff. Either @lines must be present or a preceding staffDef with matching @n value and @lines must exist. The clef position must be less than or equal to the number of lines on the staff. The clef position must be less than or equal to the number of lines on the staff. The tab.strings attribute must have the same number of values as there are staff lines. The tab.strings attribute must have the same number of values as there are staff lines. The lines.color attribute must have either 1) a single value or 2) the same number of values as there are staff lines. The lines.color attribute must have either 1) a single value or 2) the same number of values as there are staff lines. The value of ppq must be a factor of the value of ppq on an ancestor scoreDef. The value of ppq must be a factor of the value of ppq on a preceding scoreDef. (staff group) A group of bracketed or braced staves. Each staffDef must have a unique value for the n attribute. (syllable) Individual lyric syllable. A reference to a previously defined symbol. In the symbolDef context, symbol must have either a startid attribute or x and y attributes. In the symbolDef context, symbol must have one of the following attributes: altsym, glyph.name, or glyph.num. Text and symbols descriptive of tempo, mood, or style, e.g., "allarg.", "a tempo", "cantabile", "Moderato", "♩=60", "Moderato ♩ =60"). Only analog, class, label, mm, mm.dots, mm.unit, n, translit, type, xml:base, xml:id, and xml:lang attributes are allowed when tempo is not a descendant of a score or part. Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real. Keyword or phrase which describes a resource. The @data attribute may only occur on a term which is a descendant of a classification element. (text language) Identifies the languages and writing systems within the work described by a bibliographic description, not the language of the description. (main language) supplies a code which identifies the chief language used in the bibliographic work. (other languages) one or more codes identifying any other languages used in the bibliographic work. Title of a bibliographic entity. Indicates the bibliographic level of the title. a Analyzed component, such as an article or chapter, within a larger bibliographic entity. c Collection. A group of items that were not originally published, distributed, or produced together. d Subunit of a collection, e.g., item, folder, box, archival series, subgroup, or subcollection. i Integrating resource, such as a continuously updated loose-leaf service or Web site. m Monograph. j Journal. s Series. u Unpublished (including theses and dissertations unless published by a commercial press). Characterizes the title in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. Suggested values include: 1] main; 2] subordinate; 3] abbreviated; 4] alternative; 5] translated; 6] uniform; 7] desc main Main title. subordinate Subtitle or title of part. abbreviated Abbreviated form of title. alternative Alternate title by which the item is also known. translated Translated form of title. uniform Collective title. desc Descriptive paraphrase of the work. Contains a transcription of the title page of a text. Contains a subsection or division of the title of a bibliographic entity. Characterizes this title component in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. Suggested values include: 1] alternative; 2] arrangement; 3] carrier; 4] date; 5] desc; 6] form; 7] key; 8] language; 9] main; 10] name; 11] number; 12] perfmedium; 13] subordinate; 14] translated; 15] version alternative Alternate title by which the item is also known. arrangement Arranged statement for music. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield o. carrier Medium of the carrier. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield h. date Publication/creation date(s) of work. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield f. desc Descriptive paraphrase of the work. form Form subheading. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield k. key Key for music. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield r. language Language of a work. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield l (el). main Main title. name Name of a part or section of a work. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield p. number Standard number designation of a work or of a part or section of a work. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield n. perfmedium Performance medium. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield m. subordinate Subtitle. translated Translated form of title. version Version. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield s. Describes the tuning of an instrument. Description of the horizontal size of an object. Attribute that describes the vertical alignment of tablature symbols. Only applicable in cases where the symbols' vertical position does not communicate other information, such as courses (i.e., only in German lute tablature). Typical values are top and bottom. Used in German lute tablature where the vertical alignment of tab notes is consistent but cannot be identified using a typical value of @tab.align (i.e., top or bottom). Specifies the horizontal strand corresponding to the @lines attribute on <staffDef> that anchors the vertical position of tab notes. This anchorline is used as the vertical starting position when stacking tab notes into chords. Single tab notes simply occupy this position. Chords grow upwards from this position. If the chord extends further than the number of available horizontal strands (lines) above the anchorline, the entire chord is shifted downward until its top tab note is positioned on the top-most line. (Note that in German lute tablature, the lines are conceptual rather than visible). This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Indicates which finger, if any, should be used to play an individual string. The index, middle, ring, and little fingers are represented by the values 1-4, while t is for the thumb. The values x and o indicate muffled and open strings, respectively. Records the location at which a string should be stopped against a fret. Used in German lute tablature in cases where vertical positioning deviates from the norm which can be specified by @tab.align. Indicates the position of the tab note on one of the horizontal strands corresponding to the @lines attribute on <staffDef>. (Note that in this case, the lines are conceptual rather than visible). This attribute is deprecated in favor of @tab.course and will be removed in a future version. Records which string is to be played. Records which course is to be played. Records fret position. This attribute is deprecated in favor of the new <tuning> element and will be removed in a future version. Provides a *written* pitch and octave for each open string or course of strings. [a-g][0-9](s|f|ss|x|ff|xs|sx|ts|tf|n|nf|ns|su|sd|fu|fd|nu|nd|1qf|3qf|1qs|3qs)?([a-g][0-9](s|f|ss|x|ff|xs|sx|ts|tf|n|nf|ns|su|sd|fu|fd|nu|nd|1qf|3qf|1qs|3qs)?)* This attribute is deprecated in favor of the new <tuning> element and will be removed in a future version. Provides a *written* pitch and octave for each open string or course of strings. [a-g][0-9](s|f|ss|x|ff|xs|sx|ts|tf|n|nf|ns|su|sd|fu|fd|nu|nd|1qf|3qf|1qs|3qs)?([a-g][0-9](s|f|ss|x|ff|xs|sx|ts|tf|n|nf|ns|su|sd|fu|fd|nu|nd|1qf|3qf|1qs|3qs)?)* A barre in a chord tablature grid. This attribute is deprecated in favor of @tab.fret, and will be removed in a future version. Records the location at which the strings should be stopped against a fret in a fretboard diagram. This may or may not be the same as the actual location on the fretboard of the instrument in performance. 1 5 (individual course tuning information) Describes the tuning of a course on a stringed instrument (e.g., guitar, lute). (individual string tuning information) Used to modify tuning information given by the course element. Describes the tuning of an individual string within a course on a stringed instrument (e.g., guitar, lute). A visual indication of the duration of a <tabGrp>. A group of simultaneous tab notes, comparable to a <chord> in CMN. Rarely, may also contain rests, as in some "German" lute tablatures. A tabGrp inside of a beam must contain one tabDurSym. Contains a formal list or prose description of topics addressed. (back matter) Contains any appendixes, advertisements, indexes, etc. following the main body of a musical text. Contains a quotation, anonymous or attributed, appearing on a title page. (front matter) Bundles prefatory text found before the start of the musical text. Contains a formal statement authorizing the publication of a work, sometimes required to appear on a title page or its verso. (line of text) Contains a single line of text within a line group. Used to specify a rhythm for the lyric syllables that differs from that of the notes on the staff, e.g., '4,4,4,4' when the rhythm of the notes is '4.,8,4.,8'. (list item) Single item in a <list>. A formatting element that contains a series of items separated from one another and arranged in a linear, often vertical, sequence. In a list of type "gloss" all items must be immediately preceded by a label. Used to indicate the format of a list. In a simple list, <li> elements are not numbered or bulleted. In a marked list, the sequence of the list items is not critical, and a bullet, box, dash, or other character is displayed at the start of each <item>. In an ordered list, the sequence of the items is important, and each <li> is lettered or numbered. Style sheet functions should be used to specify the mark or numeration system for each <li>. simple Items are not numbered or bulleted. marked Bullet, box, dash, or other character is displayed before each item. ordered Each item is numbered or lettered. Captures the nature of the content of a list. Suggested values include: 1] gloss; 2] index; 3] instructions; 4] litany; 5] syllogism gloss Each list item glosses some term or concept, which is given by a label element preceding the list item. index Each list item is an entry in an index such as the alphabetical topical index at the back of a print volume. instructions Each list item is a step in a sequence of instructions, as in a recipe. litany Each list item is one of a sequence of petitions, supplications or invocations, typically in a religious ritual. syllogism Each list item is part of an argument consisting of two or more propositions and a final conclusion derived from them. (quoted) Contains material which is distinguished from the surrounding phrase-level text using quotation marks or a similar method. Use <quote> for block-level quotations. Suggested values include: 1] spoken; 2] thought; 3] written; 4] soCalled; 5] foreign; 6] distinct; 7] term; 8] emph; 9] mentioned spoken Representation of speech. thought Representation of thought, e.g., internal monologue. written Quotation from a written source. soCalled Authorial distance. foreign Linguistically distinct. distinct Linguistically distinct. term Technical term. emph Rhetorically emphasized. mentioned Refering to itself, not its normal referent. (quoted material) Contains a paragraph-like block of text attributed to an external source, normally set off from the surrounding text by spacing or other typographic distinction. (arbitrary segment) represents any segmentation of text below the "text component" level. Provides a way of pointing to a user-defined symbol. It must contain a reference to an ID of a <symbolDef> element elsewhere in the document. @altsym attribute should have content. The value in @altsym should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a symbolDef element. The value in @altsym must not correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a symbolDef ancestor. Indicates the function of the text. Suggested values include: 1] unknown unknown The function of the text is unknown. Indicates the function of the curve. Suggested values include: 1] unknown unknown The function of the curve is unknown. Indicates the function of the line. Suggested values include: 1] coloration; 2] ligature; 3] unknown coloration Indicates coloration in material transcribed from a source originally in mensural notation. ligature Marks a ligature in material transcribed from a source originally in mensural notation. unknown The function of the line is unknown. Container for text that is fixed to a particular page location, regardless of changes made to the layout of the measures around it. A curved line that cannot be represented by a more specific element, such as a slur. In the symbolDef context, curve must have either a startid attribute or x and y attributes. In the symbolDef context, curve must have either an endid attribute or both x2 and y2 attributes. In the symbolDef context, curve must have either a bezier or bulge attribute. A visual line that cannot be represented by a more specific; i.e., semantic, element. When used in the symbolDef context, must have either a startid attribute or x and y attributes. When used in the symbolDef context, must have either an endid attribute or both x2 and y2 attributes. When used in the score context, must have a startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real attribute or both x and y attributes. When used in the score context, must have an endid, dur, dur.ges, or tstamp2 attribute or both x2 and y2 attributes. One or more characters which are related to the parent symbol in some respect, as specified by the type attribute. (property name) Name of a property of the symbol. Characterizes the property name. unicode A registered Unicode normative or informative property name. local A locally defined name. (property value) A single property value. (symbol definition) Declaration of an individual symbol in a symbolTable. (symbol name) Contains the name of a symbol, expressed following Unicode conventions. (symbol property) Provides a name and value for some property of the parent symbol. Contains a set of user-defined symbols. Location of the annotation. Indicates if an arrowhead is to be drawn as part of the arpeggiation symbol. Symbol rendered at end of the line. Holds the relative size of the arrow symbol. Captures the overall color of the arrow. Captures the fill color of the arrow if different from the line color. (length) States the length of bar lines in virtual units. The value must be greater than 0 and is typically equal to 2 times (the number of staff lines - 1); e.g., a value of 8 for a 5-line staff. 0 Records the method of barring. Denotes the staff location of the bar line if its length is non-standard. Color of beams, including those associated with tuplets. Encodes whether a beam is "feathered" and in which direction. acc Beam lines grow farther apart from left to right. rit Beam lines grow closer together from left to right. norm Beam lines are equally-spaced over the entire length of the beam. Captures beam slope. Indicates the number of slashes required to render the appropriate beat repeat symbol. When a single beat consisting of a single note or chord is repeated, the repetition symbol is a single thick, slanting slash; therefore, the value 1 should be used. When the beat is divided into even notes, the following values should be used: 4ths or 8ths=1, 16ths=2, 32nds=3, 64ths=4, 128ths=5. When the beat is comprised of mixed duration values, the default rendition is 2 slashes and 2 dots. Indicates a single, alternative note head should be displayed instead of individual note heads. The highest and lowest notes of the chord usually indicate the upper and lower boundaries of the cluster note head. Describes the color of the clef. Determines whether the clef is to be displayed. Records direction of curvature. a Anti-clockwise curvature. c Clockwise curvature. h Horizontal stroke. v Vertical stroke. Captures the placement of the episema with respect to the neume or neume component with which it is associated. Describes the visual appearance of the fermata; that is, whether it occurs as upright or inverted. inv Inverted, i.e., curve or bracket below the dot. norm Upright; i.e., curve or bracket above the dot. Describes the visual appearance of the fermata; that is, whether it has a curved, square, or angular shape. curved A curve above or below the dot. square A bracket above or below the dot. angular A triangle above or below the dot. (orientation) horiz Combination expressed horizontally, as for brass instruments. vert Combination expressed vertically, as for woodwind instruments or piano. Indicates the number of beams present. 1 6 Captures the number of "floating" beams, i.e., those not attached to stems. The number of floating beams must be less than or equal to the total number of beams. Records the amount of separation between floating beams and stems. Determines whether to display guitar chord grids. Specifies the distance between the lines at the open end of a hairpin dynamic mark. Applies to a "Rossini" hairpin, i.e., one where the normally open side is closed by a connecting line. Indicates that the opening points are aligned with an imaginary line that is always 90° perpendicular to the horizontal plane, regardless of any angle or start/end adjustments, including when the hairpin is angled with @angle.optimize or through @endvo/@startvo adjustments. Indicates that the slope of the hairpin can be adjusted to follow the content in order to optimize spacing. Describes how the harmonic indication should be rendered. grid Chord tablature grid. gridtext Chord tablature grid and the element’s textual content. text Textual content of the element. Captures the placement of the tick mark with respect to the neume or neume component with which it is associated. Direction toward which the mark points. Determines where cautionary accidentals should be displayed at a key change. Determines where cautionary accidentals should be displayed at a key change. Determines whether the key signature is to be displayed. Provides an indication of the function of the ligature. Visual form of the line. Width of the line. Symbol rendered at end of line. Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol. Symbol rendered at start of line. Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol. Indicates whether curve is closed. Specifies whether a dot is to be added to the base symbol. Indicates whether the base symbol is written vertically or horizontally. horizontal Horizontally oriented. vertical Vertically oriented. Describes the rotation or reflection of the base symbol. The base symbol in the mensuration sign/time signature of mensural notation. Records the color of the mensuration sign. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation. Determines if a dot is to be added to the base symbol. Indicates whether the base symbol is written vertically or horizontally. horizontal Horizontally oriented. vertical Vertically oriented. Holds the staff location of the mensuration sign. Describes the rotation or reflection of the base symbol. The base symbol in the mensuration sign/time signature of mensural notation. Describes the relative size of the mensuration sign. Indicates the number lines added to the mensuration sign. For example, one slash is added for what we now call 'alla breve'. Contains an indication of how the meter signature should be rendered. Contains an indication of how the meter signature should be rendered. Determines whether the old meter signature should be displayed when the meter signature changes. Determines whether the meter signature is to be displayed. The block attribute controls whether the multimeasure rest should be rendered as a block rest or as church rests ("Kirchenpausen"), that are combinations of longa, breve and semibreve rests. States the side of a leaf (as in a manuscript) on which the content following the <pb> element occurs. verso The back of a manuscript page. recto The front of a manuscript page. Determines whether piano pedal marks should be rendered as lines or as terms. (direction) Describes the direction of a stem. (length) Encodes the stem length. Number of "crests" of a wavy line. 2 4 Indicates whether hash marks should be rendered between systems. See Read, p. 436, ex. 26-3. hash Display hash marks between systems. Defines the height of a "virtual unit" (vu) in terms of real-world units. A single vu is half the distance between adjacent staff lines where the interline space is measured from the middle of a staff line. \d+(\.\d+)?(cm|mm|in|pt|pc) Indicates that staves begin again with this section. Captures the placement of the sequence of characters with respect to the neume or neume component with which it is associated. Indicates whether a space is 'compressible', i.e., if it may be removed at the discretion of processing software. Indicates the number of layers and their stem directions. Captures the colors of the staff lines. Records whether all staff lines are visible. Records the absolute distance (as opposed to the relative distances recorded in <scoreDef> elements) between this staff and the preceding one in the same system. This value is meaningless for the first staff in a system since the spacing.system attribute indicates the spacing between systems. (bar lines through) Indicates whether bar lines go across the space between staves (true) or are only drawn across the lines of each staff (false). (position) Records the position of the stem in relation to the note head(s). (length) Encodes the stem length. Encodes the form of the stem using the values provided by the data.STEMFORM.mensural datatype. (direction) Describes the direction of a stem. Records the position of the flag using the values provided by the data.FLAGPOS.mensural datatype. Encodes the form of the flag using the values provided by the data.FLAGFORM.mensural datatype. Used to state where a tuplet bracket will be placed in relation to the note heads. States whether a bracket should be rendered with a tuplet. Controls how the num:numbase ratio is to be displayed. count Only the num attribute is displayed, e.g., '7'. ratio Both the num and numbase attributes are displayed, e.g., '7:4'.