# Neuronto ARD Registry: Agentic Resource Discovery (ARD) Index **One search across every public ARD registry, plus a verified index of what MCP servers actually expose.** [neuronto.com](https://neuronto.com) · [API](https://neuronto.com/api-docs) · [Submit your server](https://neuronto.com/submit) · [Benchmark](https://neuronto.com/bench) · [Dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/AgenticResourceDiscovery/verified-mcp-tools) · [Manifest](https://neuronto.com/.well-known/ard.json)
--- ## What is ARD? **ARD** is short for **Agentic Resource Discovery**, an open specification for how AI agents find the tools, skills, agents and APIs they need, published in June 2026 by a working group including Google, Microsoft, Hugging Face, AWS, Cisco, GitHub, Nvidia, Salesforce and Snowflake. An *agentic resource* is anything an AI client can call to get work done: an MCP server, an A2A agent, a skill, an API, a workflow. ARD answers one question, **"what is available for this task?"**, and then gets out of the way. It is not a runtime and does not replace MCP or A2A. It tells an agent what exists; the agent connects using the resource's own protocol. ## The problem it solves Today an agent can only use capabilities someone installed for it in advance. Every tool has to be wired in by hand, and every tool description has to sit in the context window, competing for space with the actual work. That model does not survive contact with an ecosystem of thousands of tools, let alone millions. ARD moves the selection problem out of the context window and into a search service, the same shift the early web made when it went from curated link directories to search engines. For that to work, two sides have to exist. **Publishers** describe what they offer at a well-known location on their own domain. **Registries** index those descriptions and answer queries. Neuronto is both. ## Why a federated index The specification defines three federation modes and makes `auto` the default: a registry queries its peers, merges their results, and returns one set. In practice each public registry answers only from its own catalogue, so the same question asked in four places returns four different answers and the client has to pick a side. That is the problem Neuronto exists to remove. Ask Neuronto once and the query fans out across every public ARD registry concurrently. Results are fused with reciprocal rank fusion, which combines the orderings rather than the scores, necessary because each registry calibrates differently, and importing another service's scoring would import its biases with it. The response says which registries answered and which timed out, so a caller always knows how much of the federation is behind an answer. ## What it does differently **Federated by default.** `federation: auto` implemented as specified: concurrent fan-out under a hard time budget, fused ranking, per-upstream reporting. A slow peer costs the budget and nothing more. **Complete conformance.** Passes the specification's official conformance tool as both a registry and a publisher with zero errors and zero warnings, including the optional `GET /agents` listing as a properly paginated object. **Type normalisation.** Three media types for MCP servers are in circulation (`application/mcp-server`, `application/mcp-server+json`, `application/mcp-server-card+json`) and two URN prefixes appear as discovery identifiers (`urn:air:` and `urn:ai:`). Because filters match exactly, entries get dropped silently. Neuronto normalises both on ingest, so a filter for MCP servers returns them however the publisher spelled the type. **A verified tool index, not just a server index.** Every other registry stores a server name and whatever prose its publisher wrote. Neuronto handshakes with each indexed MCP endpoint and reads its `tools/list`, so the index holds the real tool names and input schemas, the thing an agent actually has to match on. Currently **32,183 verified tools across 2,223 servers**, plus **1,918 endpoints recorded as requiring credentials**, which no other registry reports. Introspection is read only: a tool is never called. **Hybrid retrieval.** Sparse BM25 and dense vectors, fused with the same reciprocal rank fusion used for federation, so one query runs lexical, semantic and federated retrieval and returns a single ordering. The dense leg rides inside the federation budget and contributes nothing if it is unavailable, so the lexical fast path is never slowed by it. **Verified liveness.** Indexed endpoints are probed and non-responding ones demoted in ranking. Registries built on self-published manifests accumulate dead links quickly; serving them is the fastest way to become the index nobody trusts. Entries are demoted rather than deleted, because services come back. **Manifests generated from evidence, not from a form.** Most domains will never author a manifest by hand. They already run an MCP server, or serve an OpenAPI document, or publish `llms.txt`, and the manifest is a restatement of things a crawler can already find. Neuronto probes a domain, emits an entry only for each resource that actually answered, records what proved it, and hosts the result. Nothing is inferred, because a generated manifest that guesses would put a claim on somebody's domain that they never made and cannot defend. **A private half of the index.** The list of internal services an organisation's own agents may call usually lives in a system prompt, where nothing can search it and nobody can audit it. A domain that proves ownership by DNS can register those services, and one query then returns internal and public results together, each labelled with which it is. Private entries are held in separate storage from the public index rather than behind a flag, so no public search, count or page can reach them by construction. **Payment terms, before the call.** A paid endpoint used to be found, called, and only then answer `402 Payment Required`. Neuronto reads what a resource costs from two places and keeps them apart: what its manifest declares (the `pay:` terms of the specification's worked example, `schema:offers`, and catalogue formats that carry a price), and what the endpoint itself answers when it is called without payment (x402 terms in a `PAYMENT-REQUIRED` header or a 402 body, or an MPP challenge). A server that asks to be paid is recorded as reachable, not as broken. Results carry `pay:protocol`, `pay:price`, `pay:currency` and `pay:network`, with `paymentEvidence` saying whether a live 402 confirmed them, and a search can be filtered on them: ```bash curl -sS -X POST https://neuronto.com/search -H 'content-type: application/json' \ -d '{"query":{"text":"crypto token prices","filter":{"pay:protocol":["x402"],"maxPricePerCall":0.01}},"federation":"none"}' ``` **Paying for heavy calls.** A self-hosted Neuronto charges nothing. On neuronto.com, the calls that do outbound work for the caller, a federated search, an audit or a manifest build, are free up to an allowance. Past it, the 429 carries an x402 price in a `PAYMENT-REQUIRED` header, and an agent that pays gets the call instead of a wait; a client that sends `x-payment-protocol: x402` gets the 402 directly. Only a call that succeeded is settled. Submitting a resource, claiming a domain, being listed and position in results are never charged. `GET https://neuronto.com/x402` states the live terms. Terms never change a score, and the registry never handles a payment: the caller pays the provider directly. **Settling the payments, if you want that from us as well.** Reading a price is one half of the problem; taking the money is the other. Neuronto also operates a hosted x402 facilitator at [pay.neuronto.com](https://pay.neuronto.com), which any x402 server can point at in one line: it checks a buyer's signed stablecoin payment and settles it on-chain, and it never holds anyone's funds, because the buyer signs the transfer and the facilitator only broadcasts it. Live on Base, free while it is new. A live endpoint there charges a tenth of a cent and sends it straight back in the same request, so a client can be run end to end for nothing, and [pay.neuronto.com/status](https://pay.neuronto.com/status) publishes what it has been observed to do rather than a promise about it. It is a separate hosted service: it is not part of this repository, nothing here depends on it, a self-hosted Neuronto never contacts it, and no resource is ever ranked differently for using it or for not using it. **Ranking that separates.** A relevance score is only useful if the gap between the first and fifth result is legible. Scores are scaled to preserve real separation instead of compressing everything into a narrow band. ## Where it fits - **Agent builders**, stop hard-coding integrations. Ask for a capability at runtime and connect to whatever currently serves it best. - **API and tool vendors**, publish one manifest on your own domain and become discoverable to every ARD client, without applying to a curated marketplace. - **Platform teams**, run discovery over internal services so agents inside the organisation find them the same way they find public ones. ## Using it Search this index and the whole federation in one call: ```bash curl -s https://neuronto.com/search \ -H 'content-type: application/json' \ -d '{"query":{"text":"scrape a website behind cloudflare"},"federation":"auto"}' ``` Or install it as an MCP server, so an agent searches from the interface it already speaks: ```bash claude mcp add --transport http neuronto https://neuronto.com/mcp ``` ### Registry API | Endpoint | Purpose | |---|---| | `POST /search` | Ranked results. `federation`: `auto` (default), `referrals`, `none`. | | `POST /explore` | Facet counts over the index. | | `GET /agents` | Deterministic paginated listing, for browsing rather than ranking. | | `POST /mcp` | Search, tool search, index statistics and publishing, as MCP tools. `GET` and `DELETE` answer `405`: there is no server-initiated stream, every tool answers inside the request that asked. | | `POST /a2a` | The same index over A2A. `message/send` returns a Message. Card at `/.well-known/agent-card.json` and `/.well-known/agent.json`. | | `POST /tools`, `GET /tools?q=` | Tool level search over verified tools rather than servers. | | `POST /submit` | Index an MCP endpoint or a manifest-publishing domain. `200` indexed, `202` kept and retried. | | `GET /submit/status/{id}` | Where a submission stands, with the last answer its endpoint gave. | | `POST /audit` | Publishing report: discovery, conformance, coverage, competition. | | `POST /manifest/build` | Generate a manifest for a domain from resources fetched there. | | `GET /m/{host}.json` | That generated manifest, hosted. | | `GET /agents.md` | What to call and how, for an agent that has already arrived. | | `POST /claim`, `POST /claim/verify` | Prove domain ownership by DNS TXT, receive a key. `GET /claim` describes the steps. | | `POST /private/entries` | Register internal services. Key required. | | `GET /bench`, `GET /adoption` | Retrieval measurement, and who publishes a manifest. | | `GET /.well-known/ard.json` | Our own publisher manifest. | | `GET /openapi.json` | OpenAPI 3.1 for everything above. | | `GET /.well-known/api-catalog` | RFC 9727 catalogue of the descriptions above. | Every `GET` route also answers `HEAD` with the same headers and no body. ### Knowing when the answer is weak Every top result scores near 100. That is deliberate: the score is relative to the best hit in its own result set, because BM25 magnitudes are corpus and query dependent, so an absolute scale would mean nothing. It ranks well and, on its own, it misleads. The query `zzzz nonexistent capability qqqq` scores 100, because something always comes first. So every search response carries one absolute number beside the relative ones: ```json "queryMatch": { "coverage": 0.0, "confidence": "none", "matchedTerms": [], "queryTerms": ["zzzz", "nonexistent", "capability", "qqqq"], "note": "each result's `score` is relative to the best hit in this response ..." } ``` `coverage` is the fraction of the query's content words that the top result's own text accounts for. It is corpus independent, which is the property the score cannot have, so it separates "the best of several good answers" from "the best of nothing". **It measures overlap, not correctness.** A query whose every word appears in an entry that does the opposite thing still scores 1.0. Treat it as a floor on confidence, never as a verdict, and never as a trust or safety rating. No key and no signup for anything that reads the public index. A key exists only to admit a verified domain's own private entries, and is issued only against a DNS proof of ownership. Relevance scores are semantic only and are never a trust, compliance or safety rating, the specification is explicit that trust evaluation is decoupled from discovery. ## Searching tools instead of servers When you already know the shape of the call you need, the server hosting it is an implementation detail: ```bash curl -s 'https://neuronto.com/tools?q=extract+text+from+a+pdf&limit=5' ``` Every tool returned was read from that server's own `tools/list`. The same search is available to agents as the MCP tool `find_tool`, alongside `find_resource`, `registry_stats` and `publish_resource`. Only `publish_resource` writes, and it is the only one declaring `readOnlyHint: false`, so a client can tell from the tool list alone which call has an effect. ## Measuring whether any of this works `GET /bench` publishes ARD-Bench, a head to head retrieval measurement across the public ARD registries, and `GET /bench.json` serves the same run as plain JSON with its age. The harness is `app/bench.py` and it is refreshed weekly. **The task set is a file, and it is frozen.** [`bench/declared-v1.json`](bench/declared-v1.json) (also served at `/bench/tasks.json`) holds 192 tasks, one per publisher. Each query was read verbatim from the manifest on the publisher's own domain, and the task records that manifest's URL and the sha256 of the body it came from, so anyone can check that a query is the publisher's words and not ours. The file carries a digest over its tasks and is never edited in place; a new set is a new version. It is split by publisher into a `tune` half, the only half any ranking parameter may be chosen on, and a `holdout` half, which is what the benchmark reports. The response separates two things that are easy to confuse: `coverage`, whether a registry indexes the target at all, and `recall@k_when_carried`, whether it retrieves the target when it does hold it. Our own coverage is 1.0 by construction, because the tasks come from resources in this index, and the payload says so. **Ranking weights are measured, not asserted,** and each one in `app/rank.py` sits next to the table it was chosen from. `scripts/evalgate.py` runs daily against a pinned baseline ([`bench/baseline.json`](bench/baseline.json)): holdout recall@10 and MRR, a battery of ordinary capability requests (`scripts/battery.py`) that may not lose a case, and the rule that federated search never scores below local search. A drop fails the gate. **Federation adds coverage, it does not re-rank.** In `federation: auto` the other registries are asked only when this index cannot answer with confidence, and what they return may add resources this index lacks without reordering the ones it found. On the holdout, `auto` and `none` both reach recall@10 0.934, `auto` with the higher MRR, at a median of 177 ms against 121 ms. ## What happens to a query Every search response carries `queryHandling` and a `Neuronto-Query-Handling` header: whether the query text was kept, which registries it was sent to for this answer, and whether it was embedded. `"federation": "none"` never leaves the service. A search with an API key, or carrying `Sec-GPC: 1` or `DNT: 1`, is counted but its text is not kept, and search records are deleted after 90 days. The full statement is at [`/privacy`](https://neuronto.com/privacy). ## Who publishes an ARD manifest `GET /adoption` tracks adoption of the specification itself: a named watchlist of organisations, and the manifest rate across every host the crawler has seen. At the time of writing, three of the twenty organisations on the watchlist publish a manifest: Hugging Face, Vercel and Zapier. All three serve it at `/.well-known/ai-catalog.json`, the path v0.91 renamed. Of 178 publishers our crawler has found, **157 serve the older `ai-catalog.json` and only 14 serve `ard.json`**, which is why the tracker checks both: measuring the path rather than the practice gets the answer wrong. ## The open dataset The verified tool corpus is published as an open dataset, CC BY 4.0: **[huggingface.co/datasets/AgenticResourceDiscovery/verified-mcp-tools](https://huggingface.co/datasets/AgenticResourceDiscovery/verified-mcp-tools)** `tools.jsonl` carries all 31,411 verified tools with their input schemas, `servers.jsonl` carries 7,708 introspection results including the auth requirement and failure kind. It exists because tool-retrieval research (ToolRet, ACL Findings 2025) has been benchmarked on assembled corpora rather than the live ecosystem, and this is the live ecosystem. ## The badge If your MCP server is in the index, a badge states what we verified: how many tools your server returned to `tools/list`, and whether the endpoint answers. ```markdown [![your.publisher.id on the Neuronto ARD Registry](https://neuronto.com/badge/your.publisher.id.svg)](https://neuronto.com/ard-publishers/your.publisher.id) ``` The publisher id is the publisher segment of your URN, or your domain. The badge is a statement about what was observed, never a trust, safety or quality rating. Not indexed yet? Publish a manifest and the crawler will find you, or run the [console audit](https://neuronto.com/console). ## Publishing your own resources Four ways in, in ascending order of effort. There is no allowlist and no signup for any of them. **You already run an MCP server.** Submit the endpoint. Neuronto completes an `initialize` handshake and reads the server's own `tools/list`, which is stronger evidence than a manifest claim because the server answered for itself. ```bash curl -X POST https://neuronto.com/submit \ -H 'content-type: application/json' \ -d '{"endpoint":"https://example.com/mcp"}' ``` **You are working inside an agent.** The same thing as an MCP tool, so a resource can be listed from inside a conversation without leaving it. ```json {"method":"tools/call","params":{"name":"publish_resource", "arguments":{"endpoint":"https://example.com/mcp"}}} ``` It verifies rather than trusts, exactly as the HTTP route does, and calls that route rather than reimplementing it so the two cannot drift apart. **A submission is never lost.** If the endpoint does not verify at that moment, for any reason, the answer is `202` with `"status": "pending"`, a submission id, and `evidence`: the HTTP status, content type and first bytes of what the endpoint actually returned, or the JSON-RPC error it sent. The registry keeps the submission and retries it on a fixed schedule (1 min, 5 min, 15 min, 1 h, 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, 24 h) until it verifies or the attempts run out, and `GET /submit/status/{id}` shows where it stands. A refusal caused by the registry itself, such as the index being busy, costs none of those attempts. So a server that was mid-deploy, a DNS record that had not propagated, or a client that gave up after one call still ends up indexed with no second submission from anyone. The queue is counted publicly at `/metrics.json` under `submissions`. **The other write endpoints answer honestly when the index is busy.** `POST /claim/verify`, `POST /private/add` and `POST /private/delete` return `503` with a `Retry-After` header and `"status": "busy"` instead of failing in an unnamed way; the DNS proof or the request is not lost, call again after the stated seconds. `POST /manifest/build` still returns the generated manifest and reports `"hosted_at": null` with a note when only the hosted copy could not be stored. **You have no manifest and do not want to write one.** Ask for one to be generated from what your domain already exposes, and either copy it or link it. ```bash curl -X POST https://neuronto.com/manifest/build \ -H 'content-type: application/json' -d '{"domain":"example.com"}' ``` Only resources that actually answered become entries, and each carries the evidence that produced it. The hosted copy at `https://neuronto.com/m/example.com.json` says in its own response headers that it was generated rather than authored by the domain owner. **You have a manifest.** Serve it at `/.well-known/ard.json` and submit the domain, or wait for the crawler. ```bash curl -X POST https://neuronto.com/submit \ -H 'content-type: application/json' -d '{"domain":"example.com"}' ``` Serve it at `/.well-known/ai-catalog.json` as well. Version 0.91 of the specification renamed the file, but the deployed base has not moved: of the ARD publishers verified so far, the large majority still serve only the older path, so a consumer that checks one name misses most of the ecosystem. Include `representativeQueries` on every entry. It is the term registries build their semantic index from, and an entry without it is a valid catalogue entry that no search will ever return. ### Checking whether it worked ```bash curl -X POST https://neuronto.com/audit \ -H 'content-type: application/json' -d '{"domain":"example.com"}' ``` Reports whether the manifest is reachable on each of the four discovery paths, whether it satisfies the specification entry by entry, **which registries actually return you**, and **who is returned instead of you** for the queries you asked to be found for, with what those entries have that you may not. Free, no signup. There is a browser version at [/console](https://neuronto.com/console). **Last step, whichever way you came in: add the badge.** Once a registry returns you, put it on your README or site. It states what was observed, the verified tool count and whether your endpoint answered, corrects itself when that changes, is free, and changes nothing about your indexing or ranking. Every response above ends with the same sentence and the paste-ready snippet; the [badge page](https://neuronto.com/badge) has the formats. ## Private entries An organisation can register the internal services its own agents may call, and search across public and internal resources in one query. ```bash # 1. ask for the proof record, publish it as a TXT record at your apex curl -X POST https://neuronto.com/claim \ -H 'content-type: application/json' -d '{"domain":"example.com"}' # 2. verify, which returns an API key curl -X POST https://neuronto.com/claim/verify \ -H 'content-type: application/json' -d '{"domain":"example.com"}' # 3. register an internal service curl -X POST https://neuronto.com/private/entries \ -H "authorization: Bearer $KEY" -H 'content-type: application/json' \ -d '{"entry":{"displayName":"Staff Directory","url":"https://internal/mcp", "description":"Look up an employee record by name or badge number.", "representativeQueries":["look up an employee record"]}}' # 4. the same key on search admits them, alongside public results curl -X POST https://neuronto.com/search \ -H "authorization: Bearer $KEY" -H 'content-type: application/json' \ -d '{"query":{"text":"look up an employee record"}}' ``` The proof value is derived from the domain and never changes, so asking again does not invalidate a record already published. It is read over DNS over HTTPS, so it verifies as soon as the authoritative zone serves it. Verification is the only thing that issues a key. Every result says whether it came from the public index or from your own entries. Private entries are never ranked against public ones by corpus statistics, because a single tenant's index is too small for those statistics to mean anything; they are placed by how much of the query their own text accounts for, which means the same thing at any size. ## Specification - [Agentic Resource Discovery](https://agenticresourcediscovery.org/spec), v0.91 - [ards-project/ard-spec](https://github.com/ards-project/ard-spec) ## Licence Apache-2.0