29; also the 29th day of each month when offerings are made to the demons.
ka 	The first letter of the Tibetan alphabet, corresponding in sound to the Sanskrit SANST or the English K.  Of this letter we read: ka ni rtsa ba zhes par grags  (K. g. ka 424) "the ka is called the root."  As the first letter it has the sense of "the beginning": ka nas dag pa  pure from the beginning.  Again, it can signify "power": snyan 'tsher rung ma zhu ka med  though unpleasant to hear, I have no power not to say it; ma gnang ka med  powerless not to give; ma 'gro ka med  powerless not to go, i.e., cannot avoid going.  ka  has almost the same sense in ka cis kyang mi phan 'chi ba la  (Lo. 35) no resource avails at death.  This latter seems to have other metaphorical meanings; thus we read: ka zhes bya ba 'dod pa yin  (K. g. kha 179) "ka, so to be called, is desire."  I: 1. when used in indicating numbers ka signifies one or first.  2. in modern Tibetan as an affix to many words it denotes: the, all the, the very.  skabs ka  has the same meaning as skabs su , on a certain occasion; de ka  that very; gnyis ka  the two.  3. in a large number of words we find ka  occurring as the second syllable.  In some of these it has been added apparently as a differentiative particle; and in the colloq. we often find it annexed to the older mono-syllabic form without explainable reason.  II: indeed; surely: slar yang dran du ka song  (Pag. 42) later again he indeed recollected (the separation).
ka 	for ka ba 3 pillar.
ka kha 	1. the A-B-C, or alphabet.  2. a feather: gsang skad la ka kha ni sgro'o  (K. g. ga  216) in the secret language ka-kha signifies a feather.
ka kha pa 	a beginner of the alphabet; a child.
ka tho 	also ka kha'i tho , an alphabetical register; an index.
ka thog 	lit. "on top of ka "; n. of a celebrated Buddhist monastery in Kham belonging to the RÒio-ma School, the Head Lama of which is believed always to be an incarnation of his predecessor and holds the title of ka thog rig 'dzin chen mo|.  The hill on which this monastery was built is said to have resembled the letter ka.  'bri chu'i 'gram spom por dang nyer bar ka thog ces pa'i gnas dgon|  (Deb. ga 26)  On the bank of the Di-chu (Hbri-chu), near Pom-po, is the monastery called Kathog.
ka dag 	= ka nas dag pa  pure from the beginning.  According to the Rnying-ma School of Buddhism it means stong pa nyid  (sunyata) emptiness, or the void; that which is pure from the beginning: ngo bo ka dag rang bzhin lhun gyi grub pa'i 'dus ma byas kyi| (Yig. 14) that which is not compounded, being evolved of itself, is pure from the beginning.
ka sde 	SANST  1. the four letters in the first group of the Tibetan alphabet, namely, ka kha ga nga |.  2. in astronomy consecutive numbers: chu srin du ka sde lugs 'byung | (Ya-sel. 45) the order of the figures (in the zodiac sign of the crocodile) is consecutive.
ka pa 	the first volume of a work or a series of works; a volume or anything else marked with the letter ka .
ka dpe 	also expressed ka kha'i dpe , an A-B-C book; a primer.
ka phreng 	= kA li 3 the series of consonants in the Tibetan alphabet.
ka med 	helpless, powerless.
ka snad sum cu 	lit. "the thirty (letters of the Tibetan alphabet) below the letter ka ."
ka rtsom 	an acrostic; a metrical composition in which the initial letters of each line form a continuous word or sentence.
ka li 	ordinarily written for the Tibetan Sanskrit word kA li  (ka  + aAa li ).
kA li á	= ka phreng 3 the series of letters gen. beginning with ka , i.e., the consonants of the Tibetan language: yi ge aa li kA li yin| "letters are of the aa  series, i.e., vowels, and of the ka  series, i.e., consonants" (Situ. 3).
ka ka á	I: SANST  1. the crow.  2. the cry of the crow: ka ka zhes na nor rnyed 'byung | (Vai. kar.)  "if a crow caws, wealth will be found."  II: excrement (nursery word); in W. ka ka tang ce  = French faire caca (J‰.).
ka ka ni á	SANST  1. a small coin of ancient India (Cs.): ka ka ni 'gron bu nyi shu'i rin|  "ka-ka-ni of the value of twenty shells (cowries)."  2. SANST the fourth part of a pana.  3. the quarter of a mana.  4. the seed of Abrus prectorius, used as a weight in medicine.  5. the shell of cyprúa moneta, used as money.
ka ka rang á	the cucumber is so-called in Kunawar (J‰.).
ka ka ri á	SANST n. of a fabulous snowy mountain situated to the north of a river called Patru, where a medicinal plant called Tujanaya grows (S. Lam. 36).
ka ki ni á	1. n. of a Buddhist literary work.  2. n. of a female Buddhist deity: grub thob mal bye tshang pa la ka ki ni'i skor| (D. 20) "(taught) the rites concerning the goddess Kakini to the saint Mal-bye-tshao-pa."
ka ku sta á	n. of a river (K. d. da 582.).
ka ku £ ya á	SANST  1. n. of a plant used in medicine, Terminalia arjuna.  2. = dug mo nyung gi shing nor  "the fruit of the tree of little poison" (Oag.).
ka ke ri ya á	SANST n. of a tree which grew on Gpdhrakuta, or the Vulture-peak Hill of Magadha (K. ko. ka 3).
ka ko á	applied in Sikkim for ka ko la .
ka ko la á	SANST  1. cardamom, the fruit of Cocculus Indicus; a plant with a berry, the inner part of which consists of seeds with a wax-like aromatic substance.  2. SANST, SANST Saccharum munja, but is variously described as a fruit used in a medicine; a poisonous tree drug; also = SANST the castor-oil plant.  Syn. tshang mang ; zla ba gzhon nu ; zla ba'i bye ma  (Moon.).
ka ca 	(also ka cha ) SANST articles, goods, effects, property, furniture: ka ca'i rjes su 'brang ba'i rgyal po| the king who follows after property; ka cas tshim par byed pa| property causes satisfaction.  Syn.  ad lag ; yo byad ; dngos chas  (Moon.).
ka can 	n. of a place in Tibet (Deb. ga 43).
ka ci 	colloq. ka rdzi   1. a kind of coarse white cotton cloth largely imported into Tibet from Nepal and used for making prayer-flags.  A piece of ka-ci is generally four to six yards long and a foot and-a-half broad.  2. a kind of muslin; a very fine cotton cloth imported from Benares: ka ci yug rer 'bru khal brgyad| for each piece of ka-ci eight bushels of barley.
ka ci skyem ras 	fine cotton cloth or muslin, so called from its resemblance to the superior quality of Tibetan paper called skyems; stod ras sna tshogs ka ci skyem ras| (S. kar. 179) different sorts of cotton cloth, muslin, &c., brought from Upper Tibet; ka ci skyus ma  an inferior kind of ka-ci cloth.
ka ci li á	SANST n. of a flower (K. my. ka 20).  SANST is identical with SANST and SANST, a plant with an esculent root (Arum colocasia) cultivated for food.
ka lci 	sometimes used for ka ci 3.
ka lcog 	an abbreviation of the names of the two celebrated translators of the Kahgyur: ka ba dpal brtsegs  Ka-wa Dpal-brtsegs and lcog ro klu'i rgyal mtshan  Kluhi rgyal-mtshan of Lcog-ro).
ka cha 	= ka ca 3.
ka cha Ta 	a habitation, a hut (Schtr.).
ka chug 	so, like that, accordingly; ka chug mdzod  means de ltar byed  do like that, do accordingly: aa mes mi spro na mi byed du ka chug mdzad| "If Ame is disinclined, let (him) not do like that" (A. 94).
ka ta 	in mystic language a term for mother (K. g. ga 216).
ka ta ka á	1. n. of a tree.  ka ta ka dang sbrang gis mig snan byas na mig nad thams cad sel bar byed do| if an eye medicine be made from kataka and honey, all eye diseases may be removed (S. Lam. 38).  2. SANST the clearing nut-plant, Strychnos potatorum.  A seed of this plant when rubbed on the inside of a water jar produces a precipitation of the earthy particles of water.
ka ta ma ka 	n. of a kind of bird (K. ko. ka  2).
ka ta ya á	also ka 1  n. of a place in Ancient India, probably the country of the GútÊ; according to Cs. Scythia; n. of a district in Tibet.
ka ta ya na nog can á	lit. Katyayana with a hump on his shoulders; one of the six heretical teachers who disputed with Buddha.
ka ta'i bu á	= kA 1 ya na  SANST the son of Katyayani; n. of a Bhikru (Buddhist monk) (Oag. 3).
ka ta'i bu mo á	SANST, SANST the goddess Uma; also the mother of the Bhikru Katyayana.
ka 1'i bu á	SANST lit. the son of Katya.  It is said that the family name of Katyayana was given because the patriarch of the tribe took the vows of an ascetic from the sage Nada (K. d. da 127).
ka ta ra á	n. of a flower (K. d. kha 12).
ka ta ru 	= re'u mig  a table of figures made of lines crossing each other and forming squares.  (EEE See re'u 3.)
ka tan 	= ras 3 cotton cloth (Oag. 2).
ka tam £ á	described as srog chags kyi ming  (K. d. za 462) n. of an insect.
ka to ra á	= gzhong 3 a basin, bowl; SANST (also ka To ra ) the Tibetan form of the Hindi word katora.
ka Ta ki á	SANST a generic name for mountain; n. of a mountain (Sch.).
ka Ta ki la á	SANST n. of a city in ancient Sind (S. Lam. 35); lit. a pillar of grass.
ka Ta bo Ta 	Indian n. for the town of Paro in Bhutan (Dsam.).
ka Tu ka á	n. of a fabulous city which is said to have been fifty yojana in circumference.
ka To ra 	v. ka to ra 3.
ka tha ra 	in Kunawar a sort of peach (J‰.).
ka thi shi 	a Chinese minister who founded the monastery of Hi kwan-zse (Yig. 45).
ka the 	v. ka ba 3.
ka da ru ha á	SANST (prob. SANST a bird nestling on khadira trees) n. of a kind of bird (K. ko. ka 2).
ka dam pa á	SANST, SANST  1. n. of a tree; ka dam pa'i me tog  SANST the kadamba flower; the tree Nauclea cadamba, a tree with orange-coloured fragrant blossoms.  2. bya mthing ril dang shing sdong bye brag gi ming | (Oag.) n. of a species of bird of a deep blue colour and also that of a tree.  3. a kind of grass.
ka dam pa can 	cloud, v. sprin pa  (sprin 3) (Moon.).
ka Da ka á	SANST also ka DAa pa .  1. n. of a fruit.  2. n. of a bird (K. d. ya 20).
ka Da pa á	SANST n. of a fruit (K. d. ya 202); prob. SANST the fruit of the tree Ficus religiosa.
ka na ka á	SANST gold; a pedantic synonym for gser  (Moon.).
ka na ka wrma á	SANST n. of an Indian pandit who visited Tibet (J. Zao.).
ka na tsaá	(prob. SANST) lit. sprouting; generic name for a tree; the plant Abrus precatorius; shing ka na tsa'i me tog rnams| the flowers of the ka-na-tsa tree (K. g. tha 227).
ka na tsa na á	SANST n. of a tree (K. d. ca 422); SANST the plant Commelina Bengalensis.
ka na ya 	n. of a kind of weapon; a short lance attached by a string to the arm by which it can be drawn back after having been thrown at an object; lag na mtshon cha gcig pa dang ka na ya dang mda' bo che dang | in the hands, a sword, a lance, and a large arrow (K. g. tha 113).
ka ni ka á	also ka nis ka  SANST n. of a celebrated Tururka (Tartar) king who rules over Palhave, Kashmir, and Jalandhara (the provinces of the Panjab and Kabul) in ancient times; he embraced Buddhism and is said to have held the last great Buddhist Council for the compilation of the Mahayana Tripitaka in the first century B.C.
ka gnam 	n. of a province of Tibet north-east of Kong-po; ka gnam pa  a native of Ka-gnam.
ka Na ya 	SANST for ka na ya  a kind of spear or lance.  SANST and SANST, SANST are synonymous terms.
ka pa la á	SANST the skull; the forehead.  In Tib. Budh. kapala or kapali signifies either the skull or a drinking cup made of the human skull.
ka pi á	I: n. of the language that was anciently spoken in the country of Kapistan; n. of a country.  The Bon Rgyal-rabs (a history of the kings of Tibet), according to the Bon historians, was asserted to have been written in Kapi, the language of the gods, in which the ancient Bon scriptures were mostly written.  It is also stated that the Bon books were translated into the language of the Persians or Tajik people, from which again the Tibetans translated them into the language of Shao Shuo in Northern Tibet.  II: 1. SANST gum, resin (J‰); the resin extracted from the medicinal plant called shug pa  (Juniper communis).  The root is gathered in autumn or spring and being thoroughly cleansed, is cut into pieces and beaten into a pulp.  The juice is squeezed out with a clean cotton rag, and being poured into a clean dry earthen pot is subjected to a gentle heat.  As soon as it begins to thicken it is stirred with a spoon till it gains the consistency of resin.  2. the hog-plum, Spondias magnifera; a tree; Pentaptira tomentosa; the mane-fig tree; Ficus inspectoria.  Also a wood-apple tree.  3. n. of a yellow orpiment.
ka pi ka tsha á	n. of a medicinal plant (K. g. ca 51); SANST the plant Mucuna pruritus.
ka pi da á	= ka pi 3.
ka pi na á	SANST n. of a king of Southern India who lived in Buddha's time and considered himself the greatest monarch of the world.  His vanity was exposed by the Great Teacher, who converted him to Buddhism and ultimately raised him to the position of an Arhat (K. d. 'a 354).
ka pi la mu ni á	SANST n. of a Brahmanical sage whose hermitage was at the mouth of the Ganges (S. Lam).
ka ping tha á	SANST n. of a very delicious fruit (K. d. ya 20).
ka pin da á	SANST n. of a kind of bird.
ka pu ta 	n. of a place in Ancient India where, in accordance with the curse of a holy sage, adultery and incest were punished with the burning of the house in which such crimes were committed (Dsam.).
ka ped 	a gourd; a sort of medicinal fruit (Lex.).
ka pha 	a tree.
ka ba 	I: n. of the mother of Bromton, the founder of the Buddhist hierarchy of Tibet (Hbrom. kha 37).  II: = gzug pa 3 SANST, SANST a pillar, column, stake, support; also trident; ka ske  the neck of a pillar or column; ka sked  the shaft; ka gcig ma  a small house or temple having but one pillar; ka chen  the principal pillar, a very large pillar; ka rten  the base of a pillar; ka stegs  the pedestal of a pillar; ka gdan  the base or pedestal on which a pillar stands; ka spungs  a colonnade, a number of pillars; ka ba shul can  a grooved pillar; ka ba dang nye ba'i ka ba'i grong  SANST (lit. the town of houses built with pillars and king-posts) one of the thirty-six holy places of Buddhists; ka ba bum pa can  one of the pillars of the great Jokhang temple at Lhasa, with the upper part of its capital in the shape of a water-pot; ka ba sbrul mgo can  the pillar that had a serpent-shaped capital; ka ba shing lo can  the pillar which had designs of leaves of trees around its capital; ka ba seng mgo can  the pillar with a lion's head on it's capital.  These were the names given to the four principal pillars of the Jokhang temple of Buddha at Lhasa, built by King srong btsan sgam po  about 640 A.D., after the model of the pillars in the palace of the Emperor T'ai tsung, called KyÒ l¸n tin, the palace of the golden dragon.  gnam gyi ka ba  SANST the pillar of heaven; sa yi ka ba  SANST the pillar of earth; me yi ka ba  SANST the pillar of fire; chu yi ka ba  SANST the pillar of water,óthese are the fabulous and metaphorical pillars mentioned in the astrological works of Tibet.  gYu'i ka ba  a pillar of turquoise, or one that is studded with turquoises (Lha. kar. 13).  III: a particular faculty acquired by a mystic process in which the appetitesóhunger, thirst, &c.óare suppressed.  This is one of the six practices of the Buddhist Tantriks who practice yoga (meditative concentration).  IV: SANST a large vein or artery in the abdomen; a vessel in the side of the breast containing vital air (SANST) supposed to be brought into action in above mystic process.
ka khol ma 	n. of a historical pillar in the grand temple of Buddha at Lhasa, inside of which the earliest known MS. of Tibet, called bka' chems ka khol ma|, and said to be the will of King srong btsan sgam po  was alleged to have been found in the middle of the eleventh century A.D.
ka mgo 	the capital of a pillar.
ka can 	 = ka ba can  lit. with a pillar or pillars; a house.  In the sense of being the supports or up-holders of the school of Marpa, the Tantrik sage of Tibet, his four disciples were called ka can bzhi  "the four pillars of his school."  They received his bkah, commission, regarding Buddhism, and were also called bka' babs bzhi  "the four commissioned ones."  The following were the four disciples: ngog chos rdor ; bsod nams rgyal mtshan ; tol gyi mtshur dbang rdo rje ; mi la ras pa .
ka gcig sgo gcig 	1. a small house with but one pillar and one door, gen. a small prison-house.  2. a mode of capital punishment is said to be called so when the culprit is fastened to a pillar in a dungeon until he dies of hunger (J‰.)
ka 'phan 	the ornamental silk fringes and embroidered hangings made in various mythical designs for decorating the capitals of pillars.
ka ba bzang po 	SANST a strong well-finished pillar.
ka ba'i sbyar bkod 	a cornice; the ornamental projections, &c., which surmount a pillar; the decorative pieces which are attached to a pillar.
ka mang ma 	a house with many pillars.
ka mig 	the square space (of about twelve feet) enclosed by four pillars is called a ka-mig; the area or enclosure of a colonnade is measured by the ka-mig.
ka rtse 	the top of a pillar; (ka yang rtse ) the upper part or capital of a pillar.
ka gzhu 	SANST capital of a wooden pillar; a piece of timber in the shape of a bow fixed on a pillar to hold up the main beam.
ka yang rtse 	the extremity of a pillar which projects over the capital (architrave).
ka shubs 	= ka ba'i shubs  the cover of a pillar, perhaps the abacus.
ka bi ta á	SANST n. of a tree, the elephant or wood-apple, Feronia Elephantum (S. Lam. 38).
ka bi ta la á	1. n. of a tree (K. d. ca 422).  2. probably SANST benzoin, storax.
ka bu lo 	described as dri za'i rgyal po zhig gi ming , n. of a Gandharva RajaóPrince of the celestial musicians (K. my. ka 492).
ka bed 	or ku ba , gourd.  In the district of Ped-ma dkod in Tibet, just north of Assam, the gourd is called aa bum : ka bed 'bras bus tsha 'khru gcod par byed| the gourd fruit cures fever and diarrhúa: ka bed bsreg nas bu ram dang bza' bar byas na khrag tu 'khru ba sel bar byed do| burnt or baked gourd eaten with molasses cures bloody diarrhúa (K. g. ca 47).
ka bel á	n. of a city in Ancient Udyana, i.e., in u rgyan yul  probably the modern Kabul.
ka bo ka á	n. of a Prince of Ancient Kabul (S. Lam. 17).
ka ma cha á	or ka mu tsha  SANST n. of a sacred place in Assam where there is a stone-cut symbol of Kali, the Hindu goddess.
ka ma ta 	the lotus (Oag.).
ka ma rtsi á	SANST a kind of medicinal plant: ka ma tsi'i rtsa ba  i bor blang na gnyid du 'gyur| "if the root of ka-ma-tsi be placed on the top of the head, sleep arises" (K. g. ca 56).
ka ma ru á	1. Kamarupa in Assam.  2. alabaster (Sch.); rdo ka ma ru pa  marble.
ka ma la á	SANST  1. the water-lily, lotus Nelumbium.  2. a river.  3. = gros sems  a consulting or reflecting mind (Oag.).  The word Kamala is variously used by the Tibetans, and the following synonyms of it (both symbolic and metaphoric) are enumerated in the words (Oag.):ó  Syn. sgra'i snye ma  soft tones; ljon shing rtse rgyas  a branching tree; glang po'i myos bum  the teats of an elephant; thub pa rab mchog  SANST n. of a buddha; bden smra ba  one who speaks the truth; nam mkha'  the sky; nor bu  a gem; snang byed gnyis pa  the second luminary, the moon; ba glang  a bull; bar gyi mtshams  the middle zone or boundary; bya ngang pa  a swan; sbrang chang  beer made of honey; dbang po'i gsal  a lamp, that which clears the sight; ma he  a buffalo; mi mo'i glu  a woman's song; bzhon pa'i rta  a riding horse; yul phran  a small country; ri  ags  a deer; lung tshags pa  a collected mind; rin po che  precious thing; ri rab kyi ri phran  a smaller peak of the mountain Sumeru; shing rta  a chariot; gser gyi kha dog  the colour of gold.
ka ma la shI la á	SANST a celebrated Buddhist philosopher of the ancient monastery of Vikramasila in Magadha, who introduced the Yogacarya Mahayana School of Buddhism into Tibet, after defeating in controversy a Chinese hoshang who wished to convert the Tibetans to the doctrine of the "do-nothing" school during the reign of King khri srong lde'u btsan  about the middle of the 8th. century A.D.  (EEE The headword in the original is ka ma la shi la  (Kamalasila).  The correct spelling is ka ma la shI la  (Kamalasila).)
ka ma li 	a very sharp sword (Oag. 2): lag pa dgu na spu gri ka ma la snad dgu thogs pa| (D.R.) grasping in his nine hands nine lotus-hafted razors.
ka mu la rdo rgyad 	n. of a sort of alabaster or steatite found in central Tibet (J‰.).
ka tsa rked nyag 	rusty and crooked: byang bur ka tsa rked nyag yod pa rnams| "the steel ribs of the coat of mail which are rusty and bent" (Jig.).
ka tsa ru tsa ka á	SANST n. of a kind of bird (K. ko ka 2.).
ka tsa lin di á	(prob. SANST) = lha rdzas kyi gos  dress made of a heavenly stuff, i.e., the finest kind of silk which is used for presentation at an interview, or when making an application for any favour, &c.; n. of a very fine cloth or linen made of Kacilindi (Lex.).
ka tsang ka la á	n. of a Bhikruni (Buddhist nun) (K. d. sha 18).
ka tsi li ban á	the Kachili forest: chu klung ro hi ta'i byang 'gram ka tsi li ban bal po rdzongs dang | on the northern bank of the river Rohita there is the Kachili forest and a Nepalese stronghold (Dsam. 21).
ka rtsa ga la 	the sea (Schtr.).
ka rtsam 	a species of wild oats; it differs from the yug-po or Tibetan oats and is considered superior to buckwheat, but inferior to wheat.
ka tshal 	n. of a place situated to the east of Lhasa; dbus stod mal gro ka tshal lha khang | the monastery known as Ka-tshal Lha-khang of Mal-gro in upper ‹ (Central Tibet).
ka tshigs chen po 	the title of a Buddhist work on the genealogy of the Kings of Tibet (Gyal. S. 28).
ka ya go'u ri á	SANST described as ri shin tu mtho ba'i steng du yod pa'i rgya gar gyi mchod rten zhig gi ming | (Dsam.) "n. of an Indian Chaitya situated on the high hill (of Gaya Gauri).
ka ra 	I: SANST sugar: ka ra dang ykSa ra dang cha mnyam du bza' shing |sho£ dza na'i tso ba'i chang 'thung na chu so'i rde'u 'byon par byed do| having taken sugar and arsenic in equal parts, if beer made from the root of Shobhajana be drunk, the gravel of the bladder will be ejected; ka ra dkar snug  brown sugar; ka ra dkar snug bur sbrang kha bgar ba| a kind of brown crystallized treacle and honey; ka ra tog tog  loaf sugar, sugar in lumps; rgyal mo ka ra  sugar from Rgyal-mo roo, situated on the confines of Tibet and China; bye ma ka ra  powdered sugar, or granulated sugar; shel ka ra  rocky candy (K. g. ca 46).  II: tent-pole; ka ra sdig pod  a tent-pole with a grooved bulb on top used in some countries; ka ra sdig med pa| or ka ra sde 'ang med pa| a tent-pole without a grooved bulb on top.
ka rnya dza á	SANST, SANST, SANST a medicinal fruit or berry; n. of the tree Pongamia glabra and Verbesina scandens.  ka rnya dza pho ba'i me drod skyed| karaÒdsa produces natural warmth (in the stomach).  Syn. rul byed skyes ; mar gyi gang ; rtsod byed ma ; 'jam 'bras dbye ba ; tshigs drug pa ; snye ma lus lcibs  (Moon.).
ka ra da á	n. of a bird the cry of which is like the sound of a drum.  It is described in Buddhist books as like fire in colour, and as located in the abodes of the Asura (K. d. 'a 15).
ka ra na jus 	a kind of fine Chinese satin (Jig.).  ka ra na jus dam jus ma sogs tshos dang ris mo'i dbyibs kyis shes byas so| the kinds of satin (called) karanajus and damjus, &c., are distinguished by their colour and the shape of the figures on them.
ka ra na rus 	a kind of Chinese satin: pang khebs phal cher ka ra na rus dang ta zhing dag las byas| aprons are mostly made of karanarus and ta-shio satin.
ka ra nang 	in the mystic language of the Dakini of Tibet = the food of pigs (K. g. kha 27).
ka ra bi ra á	or ka ra wi ra  SANST  1. a fragrant oleander, Nerium odorum; a species of soma; a particular magical formula or spell for recovering a missile of mystic properties after its discharge.  [The name karavira is also applied to the daphne plant, from the bark of which Tibetan paper is made.  The creeper called the white karavira rubbed with the blood of the rock-lizard and the medicine smutha rubbed with Bhriogiraja, when combined, make an ointment which cures venereal eruptions on the skin of the penis (K. g. ca 49).]  2. a sword or scimitar.  Syn. so sor rgod ; so sor bzhad ; rta gsod ; dpa' po lag pa ; gsod rtags me tog can ; brgyad gyes ; gtum po  (Moon.).
ka ra ru be ka á	SANST a kind of bird (K. ko. ka 2).
ka ra ha ri á	= bu ram 3 sugar (Sman. 291).
ka ran da ba á	SANST.
ka ran Da á	I: SANST  1. a sort of wild duck; ka raº bya skad snyan pa zhig gi ming | karanda is the name of a sweet-voiced bird.  2. SANST, also SANST, in Sans. a basket or covered box of bamboo wicker-work used for keeping books in; a basket for flowers; mdo za ma tog bkod pa  SANST n. of a Buddhist work (K. d. ya 275).  II: SANST, SANST white.
ka ras á	abbr. of ka shi ka'i ras  the Benares muslin which used to be in great demand in Tibet.  In the sacred books of Tibet the gods are generally dressed in fine Benares muslin.  ka ras 'dra bas kha rer 'bru bre do| for imitation Benares muslin the price per piece is two bre of barley.
ka ri'i bu mo á	SANST the daughter of Katyayana; Uma.
ka ru 	1. a wedge (J‰.).  2. white (Oag. 3).
ka re 	probably ga re .  The use of the latter is very common in Eastern Tibet.  In Sikkim they say ka te , what?  which?  u pa shi ka khyod ka re dga'  Upasaka, in what do you delight?  (A. 94).
ka la ta 	in mysticism ka la ta ni 'dod pa'i skyes bu'o| Ka-la-ta is described as a man of lovely appearance (K. g. ga 216).
ka la ping ka á	SANST a sparrow; a singing bird with a sweet voice.  According to Lex. the Indian cuckoo.  Syn. rgyal gsung yan lag ; rjes 'gro mkhan ; snyan pa'i dpe can ; rna ba'i bcud ; sgo nga'i dus nas skad smra'i dbang  (Moon.).
ka la bu á	SANST n. of a king; de'i tshe na rgyal po ka la bu zhes bya ba khro zhing gtum pa| at that time (there lived) a king named Kalaputra, fierce and wrathful.  (K. my. ka 209).
ka la ro zan á	lit. SANST, the black lord of death who eats the dead; name of a Naga.
ka la sha á	SANST pitcher, jar; a large waterpot.
ka lag 	in W. mud; earth and water used instead of mortar; also other similar compounds (J‰).
ka lan ta ka á	SANST = mchil pa 3 a species of bird, probably the B˚l-b˚l.
ka lan da ka á	SANST  1. a town.  2. an individual: ka lan da ka'i grong du phyin nas| having arrived at the town of Kalandaka: de nas ka lan da ka'i bu tshe dang ldan pa bzang byin byung bas| then appeared Zao-jin the long-lived, son of Kalandaka (K. d. ca 34).
ka lan dza ri ka á	SANST  1. a flowering plant; also the flower use in yajÒaósacrificial fire (K. g. da 33).  2. belonging to SANST, an animal struck with a poisoned arrow; tobacco.
ka lam ka á	described as yul zhig gi ming  n. of a place in Ancient India (Dsam. 14).
ka lam ba á	SANST the pot-herb Convolvolus repens, Menispermum calumba; a medicinal plant: ka lam ba'i lo ma zas na khams 'phel lo| the leaf of the Kalamba when eaten improves health (K. g. ca 44).
ka lAa pa á	SANST  1. an aggregate of many accomplishments; an accumulation of excellent and wonderful properties in one place or thing (Lexx.).  2. The Buddhist Utopia; the capital of the fabulous kingdom of Sambhala.
ka li 	an abbreviation of the word ka-pa-li, a skull (Lexx.).
ka li ka á	1. described as me tog tsam pa ka'i 'bras bu'i ming | the fruit of the magnolia flower-plant; a bud of that flower (Moon.).  2. prob. SANST, a plant bearing a nut which is used as a febrifuge, grey Bonduc.
ka ling ga á	or ka ling ka  SANST  1. one of the thirty-six Buddhist sacred places said to be situated at a distance of 60 yojana S. E. of Gayaóalso the birth-place of Vishwantara (Dus-ye. 39).  2. a bird, a native of an island or maritime province of India bordering on the Indian Ocean (K. d. 'a 15).
ka le 	or ka leb  saddle-cloth (J‰.).
ka sha á	= spang rtsi  (Oag.) a species of grass (K. d. tha 91); SANST saccharum spontaneum.
ka shi ka á	I: the finest Benares muslin; cotton cloth of the finest texture formerly manufactured in Benares; ka shi ka'i ras  SANST Benares muslin which in ancient times was of great repute.  It is said that even the gods longed to wear clothes made of this material.  According to Cs. ka-shi-ka means a kind of flax as well as a linen cloth; ka shi ka'i ras dkar po| white Benares linen; ka shi ka'i 'bru snum  the oil of the kashika grain, prob. linseed oil.  II: of Kashi (Benares); an inhabitant of Benares.
ka shi ka phra mo 	fine flax; Benares muslin.
ka shis 	abbr. of ka shi ka'i ras , cotton cloth.
ka shi ru á	n. of a place or island in the Indian Ocean (K. d. da 319): SANST one of the nine divisions of Jambudvipa.
ka sa 	the colloq. form of the expression bka' gsal , a definite order or clear message.  According to J‰. ka sa  and ka so  are mutilated forms of bka' bstsal  meaning in Ld. "yes, sir; very well, sir; at your service."
ka san ka ra á	rgya gar gyi grong khyer zhig gi ming  "n. of a city of Ancient India" (Dsam. 25).
ka ha na ya na shi la á	n. of an Indian pandit (Yig. 30).
kka ku Ti pa á	n. of an Indian Buddhist sage (K. dun 52).
kko la á	SANST a secret abode of the Dakini (K. g. ka 337).
kag 	or kag ma  mischief, harm, danger (Lex.); kag  or keg  or skag  implies some accident or injury; kag gis langs  = had kyis langs  fleeing from harm; kag gis langs nas 'gro ba| going from a place which has not suited one owing to bad luck or any accident; also to run away from a place from fear; adv. kag gis  suddenly (Sch.).
kag ka ba á	SANST  1. n. of a species of bird living on the Vulture-peak Hill near Gaya (K. ko. ka 2).
kang ka á	SANST, SANST  1. a crane.  2. in Tibet a bird that feeds on dead bodies and is therefore called dur bya  the bird of the cemetery.
kang ka ra á	SANST  1. name of a flower described as growing on the Vulture-peak Hill of Gaya (K. ko. ka 4).  2. prob. SANST the plant Alangium hexapetalum.
kang dang king 	prop. n. of a terrific deity, a Dakini.  When the monastery of Samye was built, the image of the kang dang king  was placed on the first floor of the principal temple (Gyal. S. 87).
kang tsha ra] á	a place in Ancient Bengal, called Gaur in the Indian language and M brong  in the colloq. of Tibet (S. Lam).
kad 	in Ld. sometimes used instead of the affix ka , e.g., gnyis kad , tsang kad ; also mnyam kad  (J‰.).
kan 	I: (see kha na 3) the side or bank: sri chu'i phar kan na jag pa'i yul yod pa la| on the further bank of the river Sri-chu there being a country of brigands (A. 27).  II: also spelt skan , to cease absolutely from: da ni chags sdang byed de kan| "now give up anger and passion"; na re kan  cease to tell anybody.  Here the word kan  is an emphatical prohibition (Bon.).  III: 1. SANST the palate; in bad kan  phlegm; lit. the plywer of the palate.  2. SANST that seizes or takes away by force.  3. SANST a thorn; an illness; a disease (Lex.).  4. n. of the pulse felt with the middle finger called kan ma .
kan ni ka á	district in the east of India (K. d. ra 267).
kan Ç kub dza á	(lit. the daughter of the hunchback) SANST, also written kar Ç'i yul , a city in Ancient India, the capital of which was Kanya-kubja, the modern Kanouj (K. du. da 131).
kan ma 	the middle finger.
kan tsi á	SANST n. of a province, and also that of a city of Buddhist fame in Southern India (Dus-ye. 39).
kNa Ta kA ri á	SANST a wild Rubus; n. of a plant, Solanum jaquini; also the fruit of this plant; a drug useful in stopping fever; a thorny stick.  Syn. rigs ldan ma ; yul 'khor skyes ; stag ldan ; tshe ldan ; tsher ma can ; rtsub mo'i reg bya ; phyogs med ma ; skul byed  (Moon.).
kab kob 	= ko ba gyong po  hide; un-tanned skin (Oag. 5).
kab sha 	shoe; leather shoes of Hindu fashion used by the wealthier Tibetans (J‰.).
kMa ka á	= kang ka 3, dza la Ta na  SANST crane.
kam bi la á	a kind of tree growing on the Vulture-peak Hill near Gaya (K. ko. ka 3); prob. the plant Crinium Amaryllacee.
kam bo dza á	SANST  1. A country in the north-west of India (Vai. so.), written Kampo-rtse (J‰); n. of a fabulous city said to have contained an area of a hundred yojana (S. Lam.).  2. Modern Cambodia, anciently called Champa.
kam bo dzi ka 	n. of the country, also of the people, as well as the articles that come from it (K. du. da 148).
ka'u 	water-melon (Sch.).
ka'u his 	n. of a Chinese minister (Yig. 24).
kar 	also kar kar  great pain; suffering (Lex.); kar kar zug langs| aching pain (Oag. 4).
kar langs pa 	= nad zug langs pa  (Oag.), irritation or pain in sickness; exacerbation.
krka ta á	or krka Ta , the constellation of "Cancer."  It is represented by the frog (spal pa ) in Tibet.
krke ta á	= kar ke ta na  SANST, described as nor bu gser po , a yellow gem or precious stone (K. d. ya 295).
kar skyin 	loan; in polite language v. skyin 3 (J‰).
kar rgyal 	a Naga (S. kar.).
kar rgyud 	members of the line of the Karmapa hierarchy; also an abbreviation of the expression krma pa'i rgyud pa .
kar chag 	(also written dkar chag ) a register; list; index.
kar ni ka á	SANST, SANST n. of a flower of the shape of an ear-ring (K. g. 'a 2); the flower of the tree Pterospermum acerifolium and of Cassia fistula.
kar Na kSa ra á	= tsha la 3 borax (Sman. 484).
krni ka á	in mystic language = dril bu 3, a bell (K. g. kha 27).
krma á	= 'phrin las 3 or 3las 3 commission, service; action; work; that which is produced from action; kar ma pa  Karmapa (in Nepal called SANST) n. of a Tantrik school of Buddhism.  The head of that school in Tibet holds the title of rgyal ba krma pa .  The followers of the school are generally designated by the name of Karmapa.
krma gnyis pa 	the second head of this sect, named Pakri or Bakri, was invited to China by the Emperor Kublai Khan.  The third chief, called Karma Rao-byuo rdorje, was invited to Peking by the Emperor Temur Toakwan.  The fourth Karma Rol pahi rdorje was a friend of the last monarch of the Mongol dynasty.  The fifth Karma De bshin gshegs-pa was invited to China in the reign of the Ming Emperor Yunglo (Loo. 'a 10).
krma bstan skyong 	the last of the Sde-ba Gtsao-pa or rulers of Tsang and ‹ whom the Mongal Chief Gu-shi Khan overthrew (Loo. 'a 15).
kar ma baâ 	SANST n. of an Indian pandit who worked in Tibet for Buddhism (J. Zao.).
kar snug 	or ka ra snug pa  brown sugar or treacle (Jig.).
kar yol 	(also written dkar yol , meaning white ware) porcelain; china-ware; a china cup.
kar lang ba 	to stand up; to rise suddenly (J‰.).
kar sha pa ni á	SANST  1. a coin in Ancient India, or a weight of varying value; a tola or one rupee weight of gold; the value of two Tibet sho: ma nu lnga sogs mAa sha ka |de rnams bcu drug kar Sa pa Na|,de bzhi ni gser srang ngo |, (Oag.) five manu make a masaka, sixteen masaka make a kar-ra-pana, and four of gold srao (i.e., half a tola of gold).  2. 'gron bu stong drug brgya'i rin  the "value of 1,600 cowries."  3.  SANST a coin or weight of different values = karra: if of gold, weighing sixteen mara, which are variously calculated; if of silver, in value equal to 16 pana of cowries, i.e., 1,280 cowries, commonly termed a kahan; if of copper, it weighs 80 raktika, or the same as of gold, about 176 grains.
kar shubs 	(abbr. of dkar yol gyi shubs ) the cover of a china tea-cup, generally made of iron, brass or silver: kar shubs la bre bcu  (Rtsii.) "for the cover of a tea-cup made of silver (the price is) 10 bre."
kar sa	n. of a kind of brick-tea; also called ljang ja  (green tea) or ljang ja pa ri ; also the tea that comes from the Chinese district of Jao: ljang lam rgyud la kar sa bod mthing gnyis|da lta ljang ja zhes su grags mod kyis| by the jang route (come) both Karra and Bod-thing (teas), now well known as Jang-ja (Jig. 23).
kar sog 	an abbr. of krma pa  and sog po, followers of the Karmapa sect and the Mongolians.
krti sgang 	n. of a place in Tibet.
klpa á	for bskal pa  SANST an age; a mythical period of time.
kA ka á	SANST a crow.
kA khi la 	(mystic) door; entrance (K. g. kha 28).
kA 'ji 	= kwa ji  a shirt; a Chinese jacket (Sch.).  In Chinese Kua-tzu.
kA 1 bu mo á	described as dbang phyug gi btsun mo u ma| the goddess Uma, wife of Dwao phyug (Moon.).  (EEE The original reads "...wife of Dwao dphyug", which is incorrect.)
kA ta ka 	fish (Schtr.).
kA pa li á	SANST human skull; cup made of skull: dngul rnams ljang bar byas te kA pa lir bcug| (A. 121) having made the silver pieces green, (he) put them in the skull-cup.
kA be ri á	the river Cauvery in Mysore, a river said to be half a yojana broad and 300 yojana long.  On the banks of this river are flower gardens (K. d. ra 268).
kA tsi kA á	1. SANST, also as SANST, a species of bamboo which when bent by the wind is said to emit fire (K. d. ra 287).  2. SANST a plant bearing a red and black seed used as a weight, Arbus precatorius; or another plant bearing a pungent seed, Nigella Indica.
kA ri kA á	SANST aphorism; purely Sanskrit yet largely used in Tibetan works (rtsa ba'i kA ri kA  7); = tshig le'ur byas pa  a Sutra or Udana in verse.  (EEE The original reads "(rtsa ba'i kA ri ka  7)", which is an error.  The "7" suggests that this is a reference to a textual source, but it does not appear in the ABBREVIATIONS OF NAMES3 or anywhere else in the dictionary.)
kA la ko á	a country beyond the sea into which the Indus flows and where the finest coral grows (probably a marine province or island in the Persian Gulf) (K. d. ra 280).
kA la sngo bsang á	deep blue-black colour (Sch.).
kA sha 	1. a city in Ancient India which was twenty yojana in area (S. Lam).  2. a sort of grass, Saccharum spontaneum.
kwa +	or kye  Oh!  kwa'i grogs po  Oh friend!
kwa ye 	an exclamation used in calling some one, generally a subordinate.
kSa 	this word in its mystic signification is symbolic of the source of all Dharma (matter and phenomena), and demonstrates that they are subject to eternal change.
kSe tra pAa la á	SANST (Schr.) a deity protecting the fields; in Budh. a guardian of the province of a Buddha's work.
ki 	numeral for thirty-one.
ki ki 	a hortative utterance in the invocation of spirits: ki ki swo swo de ring nyi ma dro| "Hail, O, ye gods! today is warm!"
ki kang 	1. wild leek (Sch.).  2. described as sa bdag gi ming  n. of a demi-god, a Naga.  It is inauspicious to do any work of merit when Kikao comes near.
ki gu 	a hook; the vowel sign i, which resembles a hook in shape.
ki rgyung 	a mystical invocation signifying "Lord" : ki rgyung nga ni hro war zhi pra pa ta| "O Lord, be appeased by this prostrate (devotee)."  It is a mystic charm to propitiate the Bon-po deity, called Shen-gsras Mi-mgon rgyal-po (D.R.).
ki ta ka á	SANST  1. a Rakrasa or cannibal demon (K. d. nga 189).  2. a worm or insect (Cs.).
ki ldir 	a shrill shout; a savage howl.
ki pa 	a volume, &c., marked with the letter ki.
ki ma 	according to Schr. a corruption of the Chinese word khin, a lyre with seven strings.  (Pilgrimage of Fa-Hian. Calcutta, 1848, p. 265.).
ki tsi 	tickling; ki tsi byed pa  to tickle (J‰.).
ki ra Na á	(mystic) a flower (K. g. kha 26).
ki ri kan á	SANST a kind of pepper, Piper chaba; shing arka dkar po'i rtsa ba dang |ki ri kan dkar po'i rtsa ba dang | (K. g. tha 210) the roots of white arka tree and roots of white kiri-kan (are used in medicine).
king ka ra á	SANST a servant or an emissary.
king shu ka á	SANST a kind of flower; the tree Butea Frondosa; a tree bearing pretty flowers.
kim pa á	a pretty but bitter fruit, erroneously for kim pa ka .
kim pa ka      á	SANST a fruit, Cucurbitaceous plant, Trichosanthes palmata; also possibly Cucumis colocynthis.  kim pa ka yi 'bras bu mtshungs|nya mchil zas kyi rigs can dang |sgy u ma bzhin dang mi rtag pa'i|'dod pa la ni mi rnams zhugs| (K. d. ya 325) men entertain desires which are transient and deceptive like the Kimpaka fruit and like fish that eat bait on a hook.
kim pa la á	or kim ba la  a musical instrument; a cymbal (Cs.).
ki'u 	SANST a species of small red garlic; acc. to some carrot.
kil 	slowly = ga le 3: la gcig brgal nas kil gyis sleb| crossing a mountain pass (he) arrived slowly (D.R.).
ki la ki la      á	SANST  1. an epithet of Siva.  2. a town in Ancient India.  3. a Rakrasa king (K. g. ma 623).  4. an onomatopoetic for sounds or cries (J‰.).
kI ri ta ka      á	SANST the country of the Sapta Kosi in Nepal inhabited by the Kirat tribes and called Kiranta; n. of a district in mon yul  Sub-Himalaya (Dus-ye. 39).
kI sha'i 'dab 	SANST shing aa pa mrga lo ma  the leaf of the tree Achyranthes aspera used in incantations, in medicine, in washing linen, and in sacrifices (Moon.).
kIng kang 	v. kang dang king 3.
ku 	I: 1. for the numeral 61.  2.  (mystic) a fairy or dakini (K. g. kha, 179); ku pa  the 61st (volume).  II: a cry, moan; ku sgra  clamour, noise; ku sgra ti ri byed pa  a general cry; the vociferations of many people together; ku deng nge | the noise of general conversation: de nas sog chu khar byon pa'i dus su khang pa zhig na ku deng nge 'dug | then, when they arrived at the bank of Sog chu, there was the sound of chattering in a house (A. 82).
ku ku 	= sku sku  SANST; lda 'u  an enigma, a riddle, a puzzling question.
ku ku sgrogs 	lit. that cries kuku; = bya gag 3 a grey species of duck (Moon.).
ku ku ra tsa 	SANST a teacher or trainer of dogs; n. of an Indian Buddhist sage who was also called Kukuripa (ku ku ri pa ) (K. dun. 45).
ku kur ta pAa dA 	SANST = ri bya rkang pa can  n. of a hill in Magadha (Dsam. 17).
ku ke 	erroneously for gu ge , a part of the province of Nga-ri in Tibet.
ku co 	SANST noise, clamour; khyi rgan ku co 'don pa na|rgyu mtshan med par gzhan dag rgyug | when an old dog barks, go elsewhere without explanation (S. legg.). ku co can  noisy, clamorous; ku co chal rtsol smra ba  to speak in a loud voice (meaning nothing); to bawl out; to make a loud noise; ku co che ba  a great noise or tumult, an uproar.
ku cor 	also ku chor  n. of a place in Tibet.
ku deng nge 	See ante ku 3.
ku ther 	= mtho ris rlung  the heavenly breeze (Moon.).
ku Na la á	SANST  1. the manal or Himalayan pheasant; also, a bird with beautiful eyes which lives in the fabulous mount Sumeru.  2. the eldest son of Asoka.
ku ba 	or sku ba  (in Chinese: kua) SANST, SANST a gourd; the bottle gourd, Lagenaria vulgaris.  In the Pema-koi district this fruit is called u bum  i.e., nature's bottle.  A bottle made of a dried gourd is also called ku ba .  Syn. rnam par rgyal ; sdong bu ring ; dra ba can ; rnga zlum byed ; 'bigs byed ; 'bras mchog ; mda' lpags  (Moon.).
ku ba'i gzings 	a float made of long-dried gourds.
ku ba la me tog á	SANST, also SANST, the water-lily; also, the jujube plant, Zizyphus jujuba and the fruit of that plant.
ku be ra á	SANST, Kuvera, the god of riches, the chief of the Noijin known also as Naga Kuvera and rnam thos kyi bu  the son of Vaisravana.  According to some Tibetan writers, Kuvera is one of the eight keepers of the horses of Vaisravana.  [Kubera, or in later Sanskrit Kuvera, originally the name of the chief of the evil beings of darkness bearing the epithet Vaisravana; afterwards the god of riches and treasures, and is regent of the northern quarter of the world, which is hence called Kubera-gupta-dik.  Kubera is the son of Visrava by Idavida, the chief of the Yakra and a friend of Rudra.] (M. Wills.).
ku byi mang ke 	a Bon deity who resembles the Bodhisattva Jampal; the god of learning and wisdom among the Northern Buddhists (D.R.).
ku ma ra 	= gser mchog  SANST leaf-gold (from China brought by way of Ceylon); it is described in (Moon.): lang ka nas thon pa'i gser mchog  gold exported from Laoka (Ancient Ceylon).
ku mud á	SANST the water-lily which opens at the appearance of the moon; said to be NymphÊa esculenta; ku mud tshal  = ku mu da yi nags tshal  a bush or cluster of water-lilies.  Syn. uta pa la dkar po ; zla ba'i dri ; sa mos ; sa dga' ; sa'i gdu gu ; steng 'thung dkar po ; zla bas dga' ; si ta ; sa sgrog ; sa stobs ; mtshan mo bzhad  (Moon.).  (EEE The correct Sanskrit transliteration would be "kumud"; ku mud  and ku mu da  are common renderings for this word which is transliterated in English with "kumuda".)
ku mud grogs á	= bsil zer 3 or zla 'od  moonbeams (Moon.).
ku mud dgra á	v. nyi ma 3 the sun (Moon.).
ku mud can á	v. ku mud tshal 3 (Moon.).
ku mud gnyen á	SANST lit. the friend of the water-lily; the moon.
ku mud ldan á	v. ku mud tshal 3.
ku mud lo ma á	= shing yongs 'du sa brtol| a medicinal plant of the lily species (Moon.).
ku mud tshal á	a cluster of water-lilies.
ku dza á	SANST  1. a tree; lit. that which grows on the earth.  2. the planet Mars.
ku'i 	a devil or demon in Chinese demonology.  In Chinese Kuei.
ku'i shin 	a class of evil spirits (Grub.).  In Chinese Kuei-shen, "devils and gods."
ku'i tsang 	a Chinese work on divination (Grub. tha 5).
ku ya 	sediment of urine from which Tibetan physicians diagnose disease (Med.).
ku ra ra á	SANST = bya ku ra ra 3 n. of a bird; an osprey (Moon.).
ku ra ba ka á	SANST or SANST the crimson amaranth; a purple or yellow Barleria; the blossom of the amaranth or Barleria.
ku rang ga á	SANST the deer; also sog chags  an insect (K. d. za 462).
ku ru á	SANST a city in Ancient India near Delhi one yojana in area; also a province (S. Lam. 20).
ku ru kul le á	SANST a female Buddhist deity associated with Kuvera, the god of wealth; is goddess of might and power; she is also called rig byed ma  (Vidya).  The first sovereign Dalai Lama is said to have acquired great power by propitiating this deity.
ku ru pin da á	= zha nye 3  1. SANST lead.  2. a fragrant grass, Cyperus rotondus; the bud of a flower.  3. a ruby; cinnabar.
ku ru ban da á	v. mon lug 3 the breed of sheep in the sub-Himalayan countries (Moon.).
ku re 	or ku res  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST sport, diversion, jest, horse-play; ku re byed pa  to jest; ku re'i ched  for the purpose of amusement or fun; ku re'i rim pas mi dga' ba| SANST not liking, disgusted with, amusements.
ku la kA á	SANST a Srin-mo (goblin) that lived only on lotus flowers and lotus-honey, and resided in the fabulous island of Ramamo (K. d ra 280).
ku lan taá	SANST the country inhabited by an aboriginal race of people (Dus-ye.).
ku lAa laá	for ku Na la .
ku lu ta 	a place situated in the south-east of Kashmir, now called Nyun-ti by Tibetans, by Hindus Kulu (S. Lam. 19).
ku sha á	1.  SANST, SANST the sacred grass used in certain religious ceremonies both by Brahmans and Buddhists; Poa cynosuroides, a grass with long stalks and numerous pointed leaves: ku shas tshe bsrung lus zungs rgyas par byed| the grass kusa ensures longevity and increase the strength of the body.  2. n. of a city (K. du. kha 152).  Syn. ngan sel ; sa gnas ; bdud 'dul gdan ; mchod sbyin rgyan ; gtsang byed ; khrus kyi rtsa ; rtsa mchog ; rtsa dbang  (Moon.).
ku sha'i grong khyer 	SANST (SANST)  1.  Kusinagara, one of the thirty-six sacred places of the Buddhists, where Gautama Buddha is said to have breathed his last.  2. n. of Chakravarti Raja (Supreme Ruler of the Universe); ku sha chen po  SANST n. of a Chakravarti Raja.  (EEE The original has Kusianagara for 1., which appears to be a mixture of Kusinagara and Kusanagara, both of which are possible Sanskrit spellings of this name (although Kusianagara is not possible).) 
ku sha na 	n. of a flower; also n. p.  me tog ku sha na bya ba srin po'i bu mo khyed kyis gang nas lon| whence did you bring that Srin-po's daughter called Kusana flower (Hbrom. 121).
ku sha ban Z á	SANST a gem which is said to possess the property of curing infectious diseases and plague.
ku sha la     á	= dge ba 3 SANST piety, holiness.
ku sha li á	also ku sAa li  SANST, a Buddhist sage; the title of a Buddhist monk or priest who has acquired spiritual knowledge and is more devout than learned:  ir paºi ta dang ku sha li bya ba phyi nang gnyis ka la yod|paºi ta bya ba phyi nang gi shes bya'i gnas la mkhas pa la zer|ku sha li bya ba spros pa thams cad bcad nas nang la mchog tu gzhol ba la zer ba yin gsung |yi ge la lar ku sAa li zer 'dug | (Yig.).  Generally there are among both Brahmans and Buddhists those called Pandita and Kusali.  The title of Pandita is applied to one who is versed in intellectual science.  Those who are called Kusali have attained a high spiritual development by abstraction from material or intellectual enjoyments.  In some works it is called Ku-sa-li.
ku shu 	a kind of lime; a kind of fruit; an apple (J‰.); ku shu shing  apple tree; ku shu 'bras bus rgyu long khyog 'khrugs gzer ba 'joms| the fruit of Ku-shu cures griping and acute pains in the intestines.
ku shu lu á	is a corrupt form of ku sha li .
ku shu'i khams á	n. of a kind of blue flower, v. mthing 3.  Syn. dus kyi me tog ; bya khyung rdo ; me tog snig snan ; me tog ze ; gsal ldan ; gsal ba can  (Moon.).
ku she sha ya á	SANST a kind of lotus flower (K. d. ra 324); a generic name for water-lily or lotus.
ku sa ra á	an Indian pandub who preached Buddhism in Tibet (J. Zao.).
ku sa li £ dra á	SANST n. of an Indian Buddhist sage (K. dun. 13).
ku su ma á	SANST  1. gur kum  saffron.  2. a flower (Sman. 428).
ku su li á	a Buddhist exorcist; a Naljor or Buddhist yogi who carries a small hand-drum (called damaru which is generally made of a human skull) and a thigh-bone trumpet in his hands, and professes power of exorcising evil spirits, ku su lu'i  od pa  the practise of the Shaman or Buddhist exorcists; ku su lu'i  od pa mdzad pa'i tshe| (A. 26) when practising the rites of a Ku-su-lu exorcist.
ku su lu pa 	is a word of Tantrik mysticism, its proper Tibetan equivalent being gcod pa , the art of exorcism.  The mystic Tantrik rites of the Avadhauts, called Avadhutipa in Tibet, exist in India.
ku se rdzong 	n. of a fort and also that of a district in khams  (S. kar.).
ku bswo 	the shrill ejaculation swo, swo, &c., made at the time of sacrifice to the earthly gods, demi-gods and spirits by priests, &c., in Tibet: lha yi dmag tshogs bsam gyis mi khyab pas bskor nas ku bswo che  the celestial troops in inconceivable numbers surrounding them gave vent to bswo-bswo.
ku huá	SANST the cry of the Indian cuckoo; ku hu'i mgrin ldan  SANST the cuckoo, i.e., the bird that cries 'koohoo'; acc. to Cs. a kind of ring dove.
ku hrang 	sheep and goats: gshen po rnams kyis rgyu 'bras kyi bon rnams ku hrang dang ma he dang mdzo drel rngo mong la sogs| (G.  Bon.) among the followers of Shenrab the Bon-po of the Rgyu and Hbras-po sects sacrifice sheep and goats, buffaloes, dzo, mules, camels &c.
kug 	crooked; a hook; gri kug  (the kukri), a curved knife; short sabre; lcags kug  an iron hook; nya kug  a fish-hook.
kug kug byed pa 	to bend, curved, clinch (a nail) (J‰.).
kug kug 	altogether crooked; kug pa nyid  crookedness (Cs.).
kug rtse 	cuckoo in W. (J‰.).
kung ku na 	possibly the province of Konkan in Western India (S. Lam. 33).
kung ku ma á	SANST saffron.  Tibetan gur gum  is evidently a corruption of the Sanskrit word.
kunya dza ra á	SANST a fabulous silver mountain situated beyond the great sea and at a distance of 2,000 yojana to the south of —ima ldan, where the sun never sets.  It is full of precious stones, such as lapis lazuli, sapphire, &c., and on the sides of this mountain there grows a species of tree producing a race of men who live only one day; they are born at dawn, they begin to walk after day-break, in the morning they are youths, towards evening they grow old, and at sunset they die (K. d. ra 276.).
kun 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST all, entire, the whole; spu yi khung bu kun nas| from all pores of the hair; de dag kun  all those; gzhan kun  all the others; kun thams cad  all, every one included; kun gyi thos pa la  in the hearing of all; me tog 'di kun bkram par bya  all these flowers should be strewn about; kun gyis mthong ba  seen by everybody; dus rnam pa kun  or rnam pa kun  time without interruption; at all times; colloq. kun la  means "everywhere."  Syn. thams cad  all; sna tshogs  various kinds; ma lus  without leaving anything behind; zad par  exhaustively; lhag med  without remainder: lus med  nothing left (Moon.).
kun dkyil  	same as kun gyi dkyil , in the midst of all; in the middle of all; at the centre.
kun dkris 	= nyon mongs 3 lit. that which binds all; misery, moral corruption, general corruptness, sin.
kun bkram 	or kun tu bkram  SANST strewn about, spread over.
kun skye 	same as kun tu skye  or kun la skye  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, grows everywhere: dbyar dus me tog kun tu skye  flowers grow everywhere in summer time.
kun skyed byed 	= snying 3 the heart, mind (Moon.).
kun skyo ba 	or kun tu skyo ba  SANST, SANST, SANST, to become penitent; to thoroughly regret: sems ni nyin mtshan kun tu skyo| his mind was filled with regret day and night.
kun skyod 	agitated, moved; agitation.
kun skyob gling 	n. of a monastery in Tibet.
kun khebs 	SANST, SANST, any cover; the all-encompassing cover, the sky.
kun khyab 	I: = nam mkha' 3 SANST, SANST, that which encompasses all things; the void space, the sky, the four quarters of heaven.  II: = 3'phrog byed 3 SANST he that takes away misery; the all-pervading enemy; the snatcher; the lord of death.
kun 'khor 	v. kun bzang 'khor lo 3, a charm in the name of the Dhyani Buddha called Samanta Bhadra.
kun khyab dpal mo 	= nam mkha' 3 the sky; n. of a goddess (Yig. k. 16).
kun 'khyams 	SANST a wanderer; a beggar, a mendicant who goes to every door for alms.
kun mkhyen 	= thams cad mkhyen pa 3 SANST, SANST the All-knowing; the Physician; an epithet of Buddha and also of the highest order of Bodhisattva.
kun mkhyen kun gzigs 	omniscient and all-seeing, referring to the attributes of a Buddha or Bodhisattva.
kun mkhyen klong chen 	religious teacher of the RÒio-ma school who founded a sect of his own called Kun dgah lugs.
kun mkhyen chos sku 'od zer 	the Tibetan hierarch of Sa-skya, who, at the request of Khu-lugs, the Chief of Horchen, first shaped the Mongolian alphabet.
kun mkhyen nyi ma'i gnyen 	SANST an epithet of Gautama Buddha (Yig. k. 83).
kun mkhyen dbyig gnyen 	n. of a lama who was given the religious title of Kun-mkhyen, the all-knowing.
kun 'khrugs 	SANST, SANST agitated; anxious: rgya mtsho'i rba klong kun 'khrugs| the waves of the sea were agitated.
kun 'khrul 	SANST blunder; illusion; also adj. all-delusive; all-wandering.
kun gyi mtha' 	the end or termination of all (merits): bsags pa kun gyi mtha' zad cing | bslang ba'i mtha' ni 'gyel bar 'gyur| the end of accumulation or expenditure; the end of rising is fall (K. d. la 330).
kun gyi gnas 	the basis or abode of all (miseries): na rga 'chi sogs sdug bsngal kun gyi gnas| the grounds of misery are disease, old age, and death (K. d. ma 333).
kun gyi rtsa ba 	the root of everything; wisdom, divine knowledge.  mthong dang ma mthong yon tan 'di|kun gyi rtsa ba shes rab yin| This seen or unseen talent has PrajÒa (absolute knowledge) for its basis, i.e., the root of all things is wisdom (prajÒa) (Sh. gya.).
kun gyis bkur ba 	he who is respected by all; a learned man, v. mkhas pa 3 (Moon.).
kun gyis phyag byas 	to whom all paid homage: 'jig rten kun gyis phyag byas shing | to whom the world has bowed (K. d. 'a 113).
kun grub 	= zla ba dgu pa  or ston zla tha chung 3 the month of October (Rtsii.).
kun gling 	same as kun bde gling , the place or grove of all happiness; one of the four royal monasteries of Lhasa, this one being situated in the western suburbs.
kun dga' 	SANST, SANST amusement; great merriment or joy.
kun dga' rgyal mtshan dpal bzang po *	SANST the name of Saskya Pandita (sa skya paºi ta).
kun dga' snying po 	n. of a celebrated lama of Tibet (Loo. 'a 12).
kun dga' nor 	a lake in Mongolia (Loo. za 21); probably the Gonga-nor (Egg lake).  In Mongol nor = a lake.
kun dga' ba 'dzin pa 	= rin po che 3 n. of a precious article or gem (K. d. ra 294).
kun dga' bo 	SANST the personal attendant and cousin of Buddha.
kun dga' 'bar 	n. of the son of Kun-dgah sÒio-po, one of the chiefs of Sa-skya who visited India to study Buddhism (Loo. 'a).
kun dga' 'dzin pa 	a mountain in Uttara Kuru, the fabulous continent of the north (K. d. ra 318).
kun dga' gzhon nu 	= 'u su 3 coriander (Sman. 428).
kun dga' ra ba 	= gling dga'  SANST a grove; any pleasure-grove containing groups of trees, flower beds, artificial lakes, garden houses, shady walks, &c., often surrounded by a wall or fence.
kun dga'i dbang mo 	an address of courtesy for lha lcam gyi rigs  ladies of the class of Lhachamóher grace or ladyship: yid 'phrog kun dga'i dbang mo mchog gi drung du| "at the (feet) of her charming ladyship" (Yig. k. 49).
kun mgyogs 	SANST speed; also as adv. speedily, at full speed.
kun 'gebs 	= nam mkha' 3 SANST the sky; that which covers all; the all-covering.
kun 'gog 	that which hinders physical or moral growth.
kun 'gro 	I: v. nam mkha' 3 the sky (Moon.).  II: snake, v. 3sbrul 3 a serpent (Moon.).
kun 'gro 'bad 	SANST to be assiduous: las bya ba kun lam du 'gro ba la 'bad  assiduous in the manner of performance.
kun 'gro'i srol 	= lam 3 a road, passage (Moon.).
kun cings 	SANST  1. that pains, ties or entangles all at all times.  2. SANST the God of Love; also for kun tu cings : nyon mongs kyi zhags pas yid du kun tu cings| by the fetters of misery the mind is always fastened down.
kun bcom 	SANST, SANST  1. vanquished; suppressed, fully put down.  2. the vanquisher or killer of all; the lord of death.  3. n. of a son of a Brahman of Ujjayani (S. leg.).  (EEE Original has Brahman for Brahman above.)
kun chub 	shes rab  all perfection; wisdom; divine knowledge (K. d. wa 26); kun chub pa  SANST he that has comprehended everything.
kun mchog ldan 	or rnam kun mchog ldan  = dus kyi 'khor lo 3 (Moon.), SANST, the Tantrik doctrine of Kalachakra.
kun 'jug 	for kun dang mthun par 'jug | SANST, SANST bringing together; putting in harmony with all.
kun 'jug pho nya 	the messenger of harmony, that which harmonises or makes everything agreeable, hence = ka ra 3, sugar.
kun 'joms 	SANST, SANST  1. Indra, the subduer of all; that by which everything can be subdued or controlled.  2. Yoga or the contemplative concentration of the mind.
kun 'joms mchog 	the chief all-subduing (elixir); dngul chus bcud len nad gdon kun 'joms mchog | is an excellent preparation of mercury, which subdues all evil spirits and diseases.
kun snying *	= Taranatha.  (Ta. 28.).
kun tu 	unto all; in all; everywhere; in every direction: me tog steng 'og kun tu bkram| flowers were strewn everywhere, above and below: tshong zong phyi nang kun tu bkram| articles of merchandise were spread in every place, inside and outside (the house).  When used in reference to time, kun tu  signifies: continually or perpetually; dus kun tu  same as dus rgyun du  or dus rtag tu, at all times, always.
kun tu bskyed 	producing every where, all-producing, i.e., imagination: yongs su rtogs pas kun tu bskyed| imagination is all-productive (K. d. kha 36).
kun tu 'khyams 	wandering everywhere: srid pa nyam ngar kun tu 'khyams| in the fearful world, i.e., in the unhappy states existence, he wanders about (K. d. za 169).
kun tu 'khrugs 	signifies gYo 'gul chen po byung ba  convulsed; also convulsive, subject to agitation and shaking (Moon.).
kun tu gas 	= spang rgyan me tog  (autumn flower), lit. the fully developed or blown; n. of a species of daisy which blossoms in autumn (Moon.).
kun tu go ba 	SANST well-known; well-understood; celebrated.
kun tu dga' bar gyur ba'i gling 	a fabulous continent situated 5,000 yojana beyond the Western Ocean of (Jambudvipa) India, where there are lions that fly in space: some of the wild animals of that continent are said to live a thousand years (K. d. ra 280).
kun tu 'gengs pa 	SANST he that provides for the world, the All-provider; Providence.
kun tu 'gyed pa 	SANST to be diffused; that which goes in every direction: spruul pa dang pho nya  spiritual emanations; envoys: 'od zer sogs kun tu 'gyed  rays of light went in every direction.
kun tu 'gro 	= kun tu rgyu ba  SANST  1. lit. going everywhere.  2. as met. wind; a bird.  3. n. of a spirit.
kun tu rgyas par byed pa 	SANST to fully spread; to make plentiful everywhere; to make copious.
kun tu bsgribs 	eclipsed; darkness: nyi ma dang zla ba'i 'od zer kun tu bsgribs pa'o| the rays of the sun and moon were eclipsed.
kun tu bcug pa 	or kun bcug pa  to put in; to employ, engage: snod 'di kun tu bcug | put this vessel (or pot) to all uses.
kun tu chags pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST anxiety; yearning, clinging to: 'dod yon la sems kun tu chags| the mind remains attached to its crooked desires.
kun 'jug pa 	= sdug bsngal ba 3 misery, sufferings.
kun tu 'jug pa sgrol 	= lam bden pa  the truth about the way to Nirvana, i.e., out of misery.
kun tu 'jug byed 	= kun 'byung ba  sin.
kun tu 'jug bral 	SANST freedom from sin, or 'gog pa , entire stoppage of suffering. Note:- This and the above three expressions are used in the higher spiritual terminology relating to Bodhisattva (K. ko. ka 235).
kun tu bsten 	= dad gus dang ldan pa  faith and reverence; also possessed of faith, respect, etc.  Syn. gus pa ; gus ldan ; gus par byed ; mngon par ldang ; gcig tu sems ; mos pa ; mos ldan ; dad ldan; dad chags can; dad pa can ; phyag byed pa ; zhe sa byed  (Moon.).
kun tu 'thor 	SANST strewn over, scattered,, diffused, dispersed: me tog phyogs kun tu 'thor| flowers were scattered over every place.
kun tu dor 	SANST perfect abandonment: nyes pa dus kun tu dor| all faults should be entirely thrown out.
kun tu bde ba 	SANST general happiness, prosperity; beatitude (Spyod).
kun tu 'dres pa 	n. of a river in the fabulous continent of Godaniya (K. d. ra 331).
kun tu gnas 	SANST, SANST stability; the all-abiding residence, that which remains at all times or everywhere.
kun tu brdung ba 	the burning rays of the sun; extremely painful; all-piercing.
kun tu gnod par gyur pa 	SANST to do mischief everywhere.
kun tu snang ba 	SANST  1. the sun; n. of a Buddha.  2. all-illumined, all-enlightened.
kun tu  ad 	an usual duty, habitual work; as a vb. to practise: dge ba dus kun tu  ad| practise righteousness or religious acts at all times.
kun tu  od pa 	free or unbridled behaviour: described as bram ze'i  od tshul  the Brahmanical conduct (Moon.).
kun tu spras 	SANST dressed in every way; adorning the body with precious ornaments.
kun tu sbyor ba 	= thams cad spangs ba  giving up everything (Moon.).
kun tu mig ldan 	(lit. with eyes everywhere), described as nor bu'i ljon shing , n. of a fabulous tree on which grow glittering gems; also a plant or tree in full bloom; 'di phal cher lha dang lha ma yin gyi yul dang byang sgra mi snyan gyi yul na yod pa yin no| this (kind of tree) is generally to be found in the lands of gods, demi-gods, and in the continent of Uttara Kuru (K. d. 'a 16).
kun tu rmongs 	the all-stunning, all-obscuring; darkness of mind; ignorance: kun tu rmongs pa'i dgra 'joms mtshon cha yi|thabs tshul man nggston pa'i grogs kyi mchog | O, best of friends who guideth me in precepts, morals, resources, the weapons for vanquishing the all-obscuring enemy!
kun tu rmongs byed kyi mda' 	SANST the all-stupefying fascination; n. of one of the arrows of Cupid.
kun tu 'dzin ma 	SANST holding to all or everything; n. of a goddess.
kun tu bzang po 	1. SANST lit. good to all and everywhere and at all times; n. of the first Dhyani Bodhisattva, the equivalent of Samanta Bhadra; the Khamuga-Sain of the Mongols.  2. in the RÒio-ma sect, n. of the first or Adi Buddha.
kun tu bzang mo 	SANST  1. is a female figured in connection with the foregoing Bodhisattva.  2. a kind of flower growing on the Sumeru Mountain (K. my. ka 20).
kun tu gzigs 	he who sees all things and everywhere by his divine eye of knowledge; n. of a Buddha, also that of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara.
kun tu 'ur 'ur 	SANST a great noise or uproar heard everywhere; the rattling of thunder; also the noise of wind or rain.
kun tu 'o ma 	= si dza dzu  (Moon.).  n. of a tree with milky sap.
kun tu 'od 	SANST fully enlightened; sa bcu gcig pa  the eleventh stage of Bodhisattva perfection.
kun tu rab tu 'khrugs 	lit. very much agitated; n. of the six descriptions of earthquake (K. d. ma 259).
kun tu rab tu 'gul 	lit. moving and shaking very greatly; n. of a form of earthquake.
kun tu rab tu chem chem 	SANST lit. roaring all about; n. of a kind of earthquake.
kun tu rab 'ur 'ur 	loud and fearful rattling or roaring; n. of one of the six forms of earthquake in which sound comes out of the sea and the mountains.
kun tu rab tu gYos 	lit. everywhere all shaken very much; n. of universal earthquake in which the mountains and the oceans are moved profoundly.
kun tu rig 	I: SANST = rnam pa kun tu rig pa  all-knowing; omniscient; n. of a deity.  II: = shes rab 3 wisdom (K. d. wa 26).
kun tu gsal 	SANST, SANST, SANST, the sky; clear inside and outside; very clear, lucid, illuminated.
kun tu gsung 	a flower mentioned in the Kahgyur (K. my. ka 20).
kun tu gso 	to heal everyone or repair everything; the healer of all.
kun gtum 	SANST lit. very fierce; dmangs rigs  n. of lowest caste in India.
kun btus 	SANST n. of a religious work which is full of extracts taken from different sacred books (Moon.).
kun rtog 	same as rnam rtog  SANST, SANST, SANST, fancy, illusory associations.
kun brtags 	SANST ideas and associations.
kun brtags pa'i mtshan nyid 	SANST one of the three signs, characteristics or lakrana, v. mtshan nyid 3.
kun brtan 	SANST  1. Support.  2. negligence.
kun bsten 	SANST reliance; resignation; service or adoration.
kun mthong gi mtsho 	a fabulous fresh-water lake in the land of the Lha-ma-yin or Asura, situated at the centre of their chief city Shubhra Malika.  It is said to be five yojana on each side.  When the Lha fight with the Lha-ma-yin the signs of victory or defeat are said to be reflected in its surface.
kun dang 'khon pa 	quarrelling with all: nag bo'i mchu can kun dang 'khon par byed| a person whose lips are black quarrels with everybody (Tan. d. 217).
kun dang mthun pa 	= thams cad dang mthun pa  harmonious, concordant; agreeing or in harmony with all.
kun don 	SANST the public weal, general interest, cause of all.
kun dril ba 	= tshang ma bsdom pa  all; taken together.
kun gdung 	SANST, SANST that afflicts all; the all-burning one; Cupid.
kun bdag 	SANST, SANST the Lord of all.  'jig rten kun bdag  the Soul of the World; the Supreme Lord of the World.
kun brdung 	1. an oppressor; a tyrant: skar rtsis kyi skabs su sbyor bcu drug pa kun brdung   2. In astronomical calculation the sixteenth conjunction is called Kun-brduo.
kun 'dar 	SANST the pulse that always beats = rtsa dbu ma  n. of the central artery.
kun 'dren 	the Supreme Leader; he who leads all into the way of deliverance; epithet of Buddha.  (EEE the original edition gives the headword as kun 'dran  kun-hdren, the transliteration clearly being correct.)
kun nas 	same as kun las 3 SANST or SANST from every place or direction; round about; wholly, thoroughly: phyogs mtshams kun nas rwa bas bskor| in every direction it was surrounded by railings; kun nas 'dod pa| to wish from the bottom of the heart.
kun nas dkrigs pa 	entirely darkened: char sprin phyogs kun nas dkrigs  rain-clouds have darkened all quarters.
kun nas skye 	SANST, SANST produced or grown everywhere (like grass).
kun nas 'khums 	SANST; = gur gum 3 saffron (Moon.).
kun nas 'gegs 	= btsun mo'i pho brang  a residence that is closed on every side, a sanctum; residence of a queen; a convent (Moon.).  Syn. 'khor ba'i khyim ; sa  od ma gnas ; srung ma can ; dag pa'i mtha' can ; gtsang gnas .
kun nas 'gro 	SANST communion.
kun nas rgod 	= bzhad gad  to laugh out (Moon.).
kun nas sgo'i le'u zhes pa'i mdo 	SANST the "Sutra on the door or entrance from all quarters," i.e., of free entrance (K. ko. kha 287).
kun nas sgrib par byed 	SANST to over-shadow all round, to put into shade in all directions.
kun nas nyon mongs pa 	SANST made very miserable; pained, distressed; kun nas nyon mongs pa med pa| entirely free from misery (Hbum. ka 239).
kun nas snyems 	SANST, SANST very haughty; arrogant.
kun nas btags pa 	SANST, SANST fastened or tied up on all sides.
kun nas btus pa 	SANST, SANST collected from everywhere; extracted or taken from every work.
kun nas 'dud pa 	SANST venerated by everybody or everywhere: lus ngag yid gsum kun nas 'dud pa| to reverence in every manner with body, speech, and heart.
kun nas ldang ba 	SANST, SANST raised from every place; set up well; got up: phyogs kun nas dgra ldang bar byed| the enemies rose up in all directions.
kun nas sdud pa 	SANST collected from every place; brought together from every place.
kun nas snang ba 	= rgyal ba 3 the all-illuminator (Schr.).
kun nas 'phags pa 	SANST sprung from everywhere.
kun nas bris 	SANST, SANST perfectly painted, described, delineated, referred to.
kun nas blangs 	taken from every place.
kun nas 'bar 	SANST, SANST inflamed; ablaze: me phyogs kun nas 'bar ba  fire broke out in every direction.
kun nas sbyor ba 	SANST to combine; combination; snan kun nas sbyar ba  to compound or mix up medicines.
kun nas brtsegs pa 	SANST built up everywhere; piled up; erected.
kun nas mdzes 	illuminated; very beautiful: zla ba'i mtshan nyid kun nas mdzes| the signs or charms of the moon are exquisitely fine; me tog gi tshogs kyis kun nas mdzes shing nyams dga' ba| (the garden) from its collection of flowers was lovely and pleasant (Moon.).
kun nas bzang 	SANST, SANST = dpal gyi lo ma  n. of a tree the leaves of which are sweet.  Syn. lo ma mngar ; lo ma bzang  (Moon.).
kun nas bzod pa 	all-forgiving; very patient (K. d. ra 68).
kun nas yongs su bskor ba 	entirely besieged, shut up entirely, surrounded on all sides.
kun nas gYengs pa 	SANST, SANST thoroughly; very excited: sems kun nas gYengs pa| the mind agitated (not being fixed on any subject).
kun snang 'bar ba 	= nyi ma'i 'od zer  all-illuminating rays; the rays of the sun (Moon.).
kun spangs 	SANST; bya btang  all-abstracted: SANST; 'jig rten gyi bya ba kun spangs pa| one who has left off all concerns of this world; he who has renounced all worldly matters, acts and concerns; an epithet of Buddha.
kun spangs chen po 	= sgom chen 3 the all-renouncer; an ascetic; a hermit: tshe gcig sangs rgyas sgrub pa'i kun spangs chen po'i zhabs drung du  before the feet of the Arch Renouncer who in one life has attained to Buddhahood.
kun  ad 	1. SANST, SANST, SANST that which is to be practised at all times.  2. customary or habitual work; habit.
kun  od ngan pa 	SANST a black or fallen Brahman; bad habits, vicious acts or professions.
kun  od mtshungs ma 	= grogs mo 3 a sweetheart, mistress (Moon.).
kun phan bdud rtsi dbang po 	= zla ba 3 the moon (Yig. k. 16).
kun bor 	all-renouncer: gnyen dang nor rdzas yul 'khor kun bor| he cast off relations, wealth, properties, realm and all (K. d. ma 333).
kun byed rgyal po 	1. sngo snan spang rtsi  a medicinal vegetable growing in the grass in Tibet.  2. in the terminology of the Nyingma sect, the sems  (mind) is called kun byed rgyal po , the chief agent, the prince of all doings.
kun 'byung 	= nyon mongs 3 SANST all-growing; misery; sin.
kun sbyor 	libertinism (see kun tu ru 3).
kun mos dri bzang bzhon pa can 	= dri zhim po 3 sweet perfume.  Syn. 'dod pa'i dri ; sna tshim byed ; ngad bzang ; ring du khyab ; legs par thul  (Moon.).
kun rmongs 	SANST error; the all-blundering (A. K. 72).
kun 'dzin 	SANST, SANST the all-containing; that which holds everything in itself.
kun rdzob bden pa 	SANST conditional or dependent truth; acc. to Was. subjective truth.
kun gzhi 	= sems nyid 3 SANST basis; the mind (Moon.); kun gzhi rnam par shes pa  SANST = SANST consciousness of self; literally the primary cause of all things, the basis of all; the soul, spirit: rnam par shes pa|dge mi dge 'khor 'das chos 'byung ba'i gzhi yin pa'i phyir  "gshi is a philosophical term for vijÒana, soul, which is considered to be the basis of virtue, sin, worldly or spiritual existence, &c."
kun za me tog 	=  i zhur shing gi me tog  flower of the plant called spyi-shur, which gives blue tint to water (Moon.).
kun gzigs 	= kun la blta mkhan  who sees all; the All-seeing One; that is cognizant of all (Loo. 'a 15).
kun bzang 	SANST the all-good; epithet of Buddha; a Bon sage and teacher.
kun bzang 'khor lo 	a metrical arrangement in several squares resembling a chess-board and sometimes forming an acrostic.
kun bzang gling 	n. of a place of pilgrimage in Tibet (Deb. ga 43).
kun bzang rnam gsum 	the three good ones; the Supreme Deity of the Bon religion in Tibet who is explained as having three manifestation: (1) bdag med kun bzang | SANST the impersonal God or Supreme Being, ye grol ye sangs rgyas pa| who from eternity has been free and all-perfect; (2) bdag yod kun bzang | the personal God sems nyid kyi gnas lugs so| as manifest in the form of a sentient being (like Shenrab); (3) rten du tshogs pa'i kun bzang | the deity represented in symbol, i.e., form; ris su bris dang 'bur du btod lugs su blug pa| representations in painting, figures in relief or casts.
kun bzod 	= sa gzhi 3 SANST the all-enduring; a figurative name for the earth.
kun chos gtsang ba 	a Buddhist sect with a few monasteries bordering on Yunnan.
kun rig 	SANST all-knowing; n. of a god; a learned man.  Syn. mkhas pa ; kun shes ; kun gyis bkur ba  (Moon.).
kun la 	SANST to every one, to all; to everywhere.
kun la bkra shis dbang ldan ma 	she who gives blessings to all: dbang phyug gi btsun mo u ma'i ming  a name of the goddess Uma, the wife of Maheswara (Moon.).
kun la khyab byed ser po 	SANST = Mi wang  (Sman. 107) a bright yellow pigment prepared from the urine or bile of a cow, or vomited in the shape of scidulÊ by that animal; bezoar stone.
kun la 'jug 	efficient; able to enter into anything: rig pa sbyang bas rtsom pa kun la 'jug | the intellect being cultured becomes efficient in composing.
kun la bde 	happiness to all.
kun la phan 	useful or good to all.
kun la 'phrod 	beneficial; agreeable to all: ba mar mar gyi mchog yin kun la 'phrod| "cow butter being the best of butter is agreeable to all."
kun la btses pa 	injuring all, all-hurting, hurtful, obnoxious.
kun la reg 	SANST meddling, meddlesome, touching everything.
kun las 	= kun nas 3 SANST from every place or thing; from all; than all.
kun las btus pa 	SANST, SANST selected or compiled from every book; n. of a book.
kun shes pa 	SANST all-knowing; knowing all, omniscient.
kun shes pa'i sho gam pa 	a religious man who, being under moral discipline, has reduced his desires and requirements; lit. "an all-knowing tax-gatherer."
kun bshad pa 	SANST well explained; preaching all the religions, one that preaches everywhere.
kun sems 	SANST to be conscious or cognizant of all things; to think at all times.
kun slong 	SANST, SANST a general rising; rising from every direction or place; = sems bskyed 3 SANST conception; idea; the notion of a thing; a thought; dge mi dge kun slong ba'i sems  the mind which gives rises to thoughts of sins or merits, virtue or vice.
kun slong chen po 	comprises the three chags sdang rmongs , lust, anger and ignorance.
kun gsod 	SANST all-killing, that which kills everybody or thing; the lord of death.
kun gsal 	= nam mkha' 3  1. the sky; that is fully clear, illuminated.  2. = 3nyi ma 3, the sun, the all-clearer.
kun ta á	SANST from where?  one from an unknown place; also interrogatively, come from where?  It is used in mystic language (K. g. kha 26).
kun tu ru 	the union of the two sexes, copulation (used only in mystic language) (K. g. ga 216).
kun thi ra á	SANST n. of a bird: kun thi ra las byas pa'i bya'u'i nang du bung ba bcug na nam mkha' la 'gro bar byed do| (K. g. ca 58).
kun da 	SANST  1. mistake, blunder, illusion (Lex.).  2. SANST, SANST the blue jessamine, Jasminum multiflorum or pubescens.  Syn. chu skyes ; dgun zla tha chung skyes ; 'dab mo'i mdzod  (Moon.).
kun da byang sems 	= dngul chu 3 quicksilver.  (Sman. 79).
kun du ru 	SANST, SANST sweet-smelling tree; a kind of incense; the resin of Boswellia thurifera; gum oblibanum (M. Wills.).  Syn. skyong byed pa ; mu kun da ; kun du  (Moon.).
kun du la 	= zhim bu 3 a cat (Moon.).
kun dong 	SANST onion.
kum pa 	crooked; shrivelled; kum pa nyid  contraction; kum kum  very contracted.
kum po 	cringing; one in a contracted posture; kum por  cringingly; contractedly.
kum £ 	SANST = bum pa 3 gen. an earthen jar; a vessel for water.
kum bi ra 	SANST n. of a srin-po (demi-god or demon).
kur ti 	to hasten; kur ti langs 'gro  to start or go off on any business; (in colloq. language) to start on an errand or mission early in the morning without having even a cup of tea.
kul kar 	also kul dkar , n. of a place in Tsang; a king of shield manufactured in Kul-kar: kul kar phub rnams rgyu yi khyad du 'phags  the shield manufactured a Kul-kar is of superior quality (on account of its superior metal); kul dkar phub ni rab la zho lnga ste  as to the Kul-kar shield it costs five sho for the best.
ke 	numeral for 91; ke-pa the 91st (volume).
ke ka 	in the dialect of Hphan-yul for skya ka , a magpie.
ke kA pi no á	SANST a country west of Jambudvipa of romantic scenery, said to be filled with gardens, dales, fountains, cascades, etc., and intersected with streams, and inhabited by a race of very handsome men who eat red rice (K. d. ra 179).
ke ki'i sgra 	the cry of the peacock (Schtr.).
ke ke ru á	SANST or SANST a white precious stone.
ke rgyung 	a charm of the Bon deity called Shen-sras mi mgon rgyal-po: ke rgyung nga ni hri war zhi pra pa ta|ke rgyung sad do war bzhi pra pa ta  (D.R.).
ke ta ka á	from SANST  1. a gem which has the property of purifying water; its Tibetan name is drungs byed  or grung byed , the purifier.  2. a great mountain situated north of the great forest plain beyond the north bank of the river Sita.  Its peaks are described as very grand in appearance.  It contains mines of gold and silver, and round its peaks are four fabulous lakes which at all seasons remain filled with lotuses and lilies.  The ruler of this country in ancient times was Vaisravana, whose army consisted of amazons of great beauty and valour (S. Lam.).
ke ta ra á	a mountain, probably Kedare (SANST); part of the Himalaya (J‰.).
ke tu á	1. a fabulous planet in Brahmanical as well as in Tibetan astrology.  In Tibet the name Ke-tu is generally applied to comets, called also du ba mjug ring  (lit. the long smoke-tailed).  2. a fiery meteor; a shooting star; the descending node.  3. n. of a demon.
ke ne'i bu 	n. of a sage of the time of Gautama the Buddha (K. du. ga 54).
ke byed 	Kartika, the god of war (Schtr.).
ke rtse ba 	n. of a Bon teacher: bon po la ke rtse ba gdan drangs  (Deb. ga 6) the Bonpo priests invited Ke-rtse.
ke tshegs 	a Naga; the quarter where it resides during a certain astrological period is considered inauspicious.
ke'u 	1. a tribe in Tibet (Vai. kar. 160).  2. SANST in classical Tibetan a kind of garlic.  3. a cavern, den, hollow place (Cs.).
ke'u rtse 	also ke rtse , a jacket made in the Chinese fashion; in Chinese kwa-tzu.
ke'u tshang 	(in Chinese K'u-tsang, "a treasury; a store-house") n. of a sacred rock-cavern.
ke'u ri 	n. of a female deity of fearful mien.
ke'u li 	the Tibetan and Mongolian name for Corea.  In Chinese Kaoli.
ke'u le 	ke'u le'u rgya  customary seal (J‰.).
ke'u sha ya 	(from karaya) celestial robes; robes worn by the gods (K. my. ka 7).
ke ya 	wickedness: ngan sems kyi ke ya nag po'i rtsa ba 'thon pas  the root of wickedness of a bad heart (i.e., envy) having sprung forth (J. Zao.).
ke yu rka á	SANST  1. a kind of grass used in ancient times in making garments for a Bhikru (K. du. pa 388).  2. n. of a Gandharva.
ke ru 	1. n. of a place and monastery in the district of Hon in Yar-lung (J. Zao. 217).  2. sran ma  species of peas: chu gtor btang nas khyim du khrid nas sran ma ke du'i tshod ma phor gang drangs| after casting water in oblation, he conducted (him) inside the house and served him with a cupful of pea-soup (Deb. ga 35).
ke re 	v. kye ri .  (EEE Thus in the original, but kye ri  does not appear elsewhere in the dictionary; probably kye re 3 is meant.)
ke la 	rigs rus zhig gi ming | n. of a tribal clan (Yig.).
ke la ka 	= sga skya 3 ginger (Sman. 267).
ke la sha á	= ki la sha 3.  ri'i rgyal po ti se| SANST the king of mountains i.e., Kailasa in the Himalayas.
ke lan 	prob. corruption of dge ldan  follower of Tsongkhapa (Huc, vol. II).
ke le 	n. of a fabulous place or country: ke le mi sha can gyi yul  the country of cannibals, Ke-le (D.R.).
ke sha 	SANST hair; mane; yi ge ke sha can  letters which are surmounted with double ei sign called hgreo-bu or ou sign called naro.  Signs for long accentuation are also called ke-sha.
ke sha ra *	SANST mane (Schr.).
ke shu ka á	a plant, perhaps Arum colocasia, with edible roots; also SANST v. king shu ka 3 (Hbum. ka 17).
ke sa ra á	SANST  1. the hair; the mane of the lion.  2. the hairy filament of the lotus; a celestial flower; saffron.
keg 	= bar chad  danger; accident, v. kag 3.
keg ma 	= kag ma  (Lex.).
keng rus 	SANST skeleton.
keng shu ka á	an evergreen tree, i.e., of the colour of the parrot (Oag. 3).  This is evidently a corruption of SANST.
ker ko 	a cymbal; a musical instrument: cang te'u dang ker ko dang gling bu dang  (carrying with him) a hand-drum, a cymbal, a pipe (flute) (K. g. ta 2).
ker gyis 	suddenly (Sch.).
ker ba 	to raise; to lift up; gnam la mdzub mo ker ba| to point the fingers towards heaven.
ker langs 	SANST suddenly stood up: ker langs nas  "standing erect and still (like a tree") (Oag. 3).
ker leb sgur 	SANST metaph. for horse, sheep and yak: ker leb sgur gsum gyi nang nas ker sgur gyi 'bab| the tax (in kind, i.e., one in a hundred) on horse and yak from among the three kinds of cattle (Rtsii.).
kel mag 	possibly indicates the Kalmuk Tartars.
ki ta ka á	n. of a mythological demon.
ki ne ya 	SANST a piri or sage; also patronymic of Ravana (K. d. Sa 186).
ki la sha 	SANST = ri bo gangs can 3 the huge snowy mountain on the north shore of the Manasarovara lake called Gang Ti-se by the Tibetans and Kailasa by the Indians.
ko 	1: num. 121; ko pa  the volume marked with the letter ko, or the 121st volume.  II: ni  an expletive meaning: same, the same, very; as in 'di ko , the same; as 'di ni ; this very: rnam bzhag 'di ko ces par| "these same classifications"; de ko  = de ni  that very.  III: all, whole; quite, entirely, altogether (Schtr.).
ko ba 	1. hide, leatheróthat derived from yaks, buffaloes and horses as distinguished from pags-pa the skins of sheep, goats, foxes, &c.  2. colloq. for ko-gru a hide-boat.
ko khug 	a leather purse; a little leathern money-bag.
ko khrol 	a sieve made of hide-strips or string to clean peas, barley grain, &c., of gravel, &c.: ko ba'i khrol ma sran nas tshags pa la| (Rtsii.). for a hide-sieve for sifting peas and barley (i.e., price for).
ko gru 	a hide-boat a boat made of the entire hide of a yak; a skin coracle.
ko btum 	hide-packing.  This is said to be a criminal punishment in Central Tibet, vary in severity, e.g., lag pa ko btum  when the culprit's hands are cut off, the stumps sewed up in leather and the poor wretch thrown as a beggar upon public charity, &c. (J‰.).
ko thag 	strap; thong.
ko thud 	a kind of tea, probably so called on account of being sold packed in hide cases; an inferior tea: se se phur med pa'i ko thud la| (Rtsii. 74)" to the cost of pressed brick-tea."
ko thums 	packed up in hide; gser srang sum chu yod pa'i ko thums shig a leather package containing 30 ounces of gold: gser gyi ko thums brkus nas phyi khung du spas  having stolen a bag containing gold, (we) concealed it in a marmot's (phyi ba a marmot) hole.
ko 'thags 	a small instrument of leather to weave lace with (Cs.).
ko gdan 	pronounced kom-gdan, skin-rug or seat; a piece of leather put under the saddle (Sch.) : skyi 'byar ko gdan ko stebs 'dra ba rer  for each tanned skin-rug or leather folding used for cushions (three taoka) (Rtsii.).
ko mda' 	an arrow bound with hide: byang gi ko mda' , the hide arrow used in the north (of Tibet).
ko lding 	a vessel or basin made of hide to keep or cleanse oil or lime-wash: sa rtsi gsol ba'i ko lding der  (Rtsii.) for each hide vessel for holding sa-rtsi (such and such a price).
ko lpags 	hide; also tanned skin; ko lpags kyi gzhi  SANST hide or leather material or stuff included in the fourteen materials prescribed for clothing to be used by Buddhist monks.
ko lpags mkhan 	= lham mkhan  SANST worker in hide and leather; a shoe-maker.
ko  in 	(ko-pin) glue: ko  in rdog leb rer  for each stick or cake of glue (Rtsii.).
ko phongs 	guitar (gen. made of thin belly-skin of a cow) (Ld.); it is tuned in three-fourths (J‰.).
ko phor 	a cup made of leather and painted to look like a wooden cup; ko gzhong  a basin made of hide.
ko ba mkhan 	a tanner; the steersman of a hide boat.
ko ba mnyed mkhan 	a tanner.
ko ba brag 	stod phyogs kyi yul zhig gi ming  n. of a district in Upper Tibet: de nas stod lung ko ba brag tu byon  then he visited Ko-wa brag in Stod-luo (Lha. kah. 23).
ko bubs 	an entire skin: ko bubs re la rnyed mar mkhar nyag gsum re  an entire skin of a sheep holds three khar-Òag measure of good butter (Rtsii. 74).
ko 'bugs 	an awl; a three-sided needle for sewing leather (Sch.).
ko 'bo 	itch scab; ko 'bo nad can  scabby.  In Sikkim a measure for rice or barley made of hide.
ko sbrags 	a hide filled with butter; the whole package is so called.
ko tshal 	pieces of leather or hide: ko tshal dang sbrang mar sogs kyi ko ba rer  for each skin of butter and honey, &c., with hide wrapping (Rtsii.).
ko rlon gtums 	packed in a fresh skin: mi ko rlon gyis gtums pa de dang por lhod lhod 'dra yang bskams nas 'khyog stabs med par bldams nas na tsha bskyed  like a man packed in a fresh skin, or anything packed or fastened with raw hide which becomes shrivelled when the skin dries and illness is induced.
ko rul 	ko rul  a rotten hide.
ko la 	a grub which breeds in hides; a kind of hide-moth; ko la mug ma sha'i 'bu 'dzi shig shig gi rigs lta bu| the Kola moth, something like a species of vermin in flesh (Rtsii.).
ko sham pa 	(Lex.) one dressed in skin or having a skin for his under-clothing, v. kom po 3.
ko ka 	a place in Bengal where in ancient times many Tantrik adepts lived (S. Lam.).
ko ka li ka á	SANST a Bhikru of the Buddha's time who sided with Devadatta (K. d. sha 247).
ko ki 	a wild mountainous country east of Bengal in the Chakma and Hamsavati countries which are east and south-east of Haribhadra (Manipur) (S. Lam.).
ko ki laá	the Indian cuckoo, in books described as a bird that sings sweetly (K. du. kha 99).
ko ki lkSa á	n. of a tree (Moon.).
ko ko 	(variously spelt ko sko , kos ko, kos sko )  1. SANST the chin; also occasionally the throat or the neck: ko sko 'degs pa  = mgrin pa 'degs pa  to raise the chin; (Oag.) [see kos ko 3].  kos ko med pa  chinless, or one with a small chin: ko skos bsnyung  SANST with a slightly perceptible chin; ko sko phag gi lta bu  SANST a chin like that of a pig; pig-faced (no chin) "beneath the chin."  kos ko'i 'og ma  SANST or SANST the lower part of the chin.  2. a Tibetan of mixed breed, i.e., born of a Chinese father and a Tibetan mother.
ko ko thang ma 	a country in or near Ceylon (J‰.).
ko kya 	SANST pure (Lexx.).
ko krad 	(ko-teh)  1.  lham gyi aa krad  the worn out leather of old shoes and boots.  2. also a leather shoe (J‰.).
ko sko 	ko ko 3 = 3mgrin pa 3 neck: ko sko 'degs  = mgrin pa 'degs  raise the neck (Oag. 4).
ko nyon tse 	also ko nyol tse  or ko lon tse , the kernel of the pineapple (Cs.); more particularly the edible seed of the Neosa-pine growing in the valley of the Sutlej; it is also called skan nyan tse  in Kunawar (J‰.).
ko tan 	= khrag 3 blood in mystic language (K. g. ga 216).
ko tam pa 	ri zhig gi ming  n. of a mountain (K. dun. 17).
ko tam pa'i ras 	SANST one of the 41 materials of clothing permissible to Buddhist mendicants; a kind of grass formerly used in making clothes (K. du. pa 388).
ko tam £ga 	same as above.
ko tra pa 	SANST, SANST, in vulg.  Nepalese Kodu, a kind of millet largely used in Sikkim for making murwa beer; it is mentioned in K. d. ra 333.  A species of grain eaten by the poor; Paspatum scrobiculatum.
ko trog can	mi krog krog  applied to a thoughtless, childish man (K. d. ya 362).
ko tha 	SANST, SANST a kind of leprosy (J‰.).
ko thal 	cinders, ashes; ko thal du byas pa  to be reduced to ashes: ko thal 'thor bar gyur pa  scattered about ashes.
ko dA la á	SANST or SANST a tree growing in the mountain called khu byug ri  Kokila Parvata (K. d. ra 274).
ko pang tse 	a sort of tea (Schtr.); usually called Capinze (Schtr.).
ko bi da ra 	SANST the tree of paradise on which grows the Parijata flower; also a tree the flower of which is pretty and of sweet scent, probably Bauhinia variegata (K. my. ka 20); ko bi da ra ka  SANST an abode of the gods (K. du. da 310).
ko bo 	prop. n. of a country (Vai. kar.).
ko brag pa 	prop. a sect of Tantrik Buddhists; also its founder: ko brag pa bsod nams rgyal mtshan gyis bal po nas bi £‡ ti tsau ding rir  an drangs nas phyis su myang stod du ko brag dgon pa btab| (J. Zao.) Bsod-nams rgyal-mtshan of Ko-brag brought Vibhuti Chandra from Bal-po (Nepal) to Ding-ri and later on founded the monastery of Ko-brag in Upper Myao.
ko ma 	a bird (Vai. so.).
ko tse 	ja brgyad pa  the Chinese name for the brick-tea used by the common people of Tibet.  It is called ja brgyad pa  the eighth or the inferior quality of tea (S. kar. 80).
ko wags 	is meant to express the voice of a raven (J‰.).
ko raºo á	SANST prop. a country, said to be in the fabulous Western Continent of Godaniya (K. d. ra 331).
ko ra ba á	SANST the descendants of Kuru; their party; n. of a country in the east (K. d. ra 267).
ko re 	or ko ra  cup for drinking; shing kor  wooden cup which every Tibetan carries with him in the pocket of his great coat next to his bosom; shel kor  a drinking glass.
ko la'i 'dab 	glang po'i pi pi ling  plantain leaf (Moon.).
ko long 	I: annoyance; dissatisfaction; the jealousy of demi-gods or of Naga, &c.: ko long du nga phrag dog ma byed shig | "pray do not out of dissatisfaction be jealous of me."  In saying grace at meal time the Gods are exhorted by the lamas not to be spiteful, jealous or angry, &c.: jo bo la zhe sdang mi mnga' bas ko long la sogs pa gang yang mi mdzad par| the Lord (Atisa) not being actuated by any spite did not express any dissatisfaction, &c. (A. 58).  II: is a dubious word (Schtr.); ko long ba  to hate, envy; but in a passage in Mil., where the connection admits of no doubt, ko-loo mdsad-pa must be taken = disdain (J‰.).  In Amdo ko long  = dispute, fight.
ko sha lAa á	SANST mythical river east of Jambudvipa (K. d. ra 267).
ko shi la á	SANST a certain king of birds (K. my. ka 18).
koºi Ç á	SANST the son of Upayamati; in Tib. thabs ldan ma  n. of a Muni or sage; n. of a grammarian; a patronymic of the poet Jayadeva.
ko sham bi á	also written ko'u sham bi  SANST, the city of flowers; n. of an ancient city situated on the Ganges on the lower part of the Doab, in the vicinity of Kurrah; acc. to Oag. 3 Vatsapattana.
ko shi ka á	also written ko'u shi ka  SANST  1. an epithet of Indra; n. of a drug.  2. n. of the Vatica Robusta; n. of a teacher; an owl; a patronymic of Visvamitra, who was the grandson of Kusika; n. of river, river Kosi (K. d. ra 267).  Syn. na gu le; sbrul khas sdigs pa ; drang srong mdzod shes  (Oag.).
ko Sa THi la chen po á	n. of a Sravaka attendant of the Buddha (K. my. ka 428).
ko sa la á	SANST, SANST n. of a part of Ancient Oudh which in the Buddha's time was ruled by King Prasenajit.
kog pa 	I: 1. a cover; kog shog  the paper-cover of a letter; an envelope (Yig. k. 2): kog shog la gtsang gras rgyag dgos  the cover or envelope (of a letter) should be neat and clean.  ja kog  a hide case in which tea is packed is usually called ja-ko; mar kog  a skin of butter: mar gyi kog dang chu rdo ji bzhin du| (S. leg.) "like a stone in water or package of butter."  shun kog  shell, rind; phyi yi kog  exterior shell; bark.  2. the name kog pa  is applied to an old man after the age of 85 (Rtsa shuo).  II: vb., to splinter off, to chip; kog lang ba  to rise suddenly and run away (J‰.).  2. kog pa shu ba  to peel, pare off.
kog tse 	SANST a net: acc. to (Oag.) bya dang ri  ags bzung byed rgya'am snyi ma| "a net or snare to catch birds or wild animals."
kong 	I: also kong kong , concave; excavated; crooked; bent; warped.  sa kong kong  undulating ground; kong pa nyid  concavity.  II: kong po  also skong bu  SANST  1. cup; crucible.  2. the country of ravines, n. of a province of Tibet lying to the south-east of Lhasa and east of Tse-thang.  kong gsum  SANST the three divisions of Koo-yul; also n. of a kingdom in Ancient India which was ruled by King Susarma.  kong sked  a kind of sash or waist-band of fine wool manufactured in Koo-po; kong mdung  a kind of spear manufactured in Koo-po (Jig. 32); kong spang  planks brought from Koo-po (S. kar. 179); kong sprel  an ape from Koo-po; the name of an individual who made a donation to aid in repairing the monastery of Samye.  kong bzo  a kind of armour or weapon manufactured in Koo-po.
kong kun *	SANST n. p. (Schr.).
kong khru 	(Koo-thu) a kind of yellow satin: gos kong khru ser po yug gcig (S. kar. 180) a piece or roll of yellow satin for a gown.
kong jo 	in Chinese Kung-chu, a princess; the Tibetan name of the daughter of Emperor Tai-tsung, who was married to king srong btsan sgam po , rgya nag yul nas rgya bza' kong jo , from China; the Chinese spouse Koo-jo (Loo. 'a 5).
kong bu 	a small cup-shaped brass or copper oil-burner; mchod kong  an offering bowl, a cup for offering pure water to any divinity; snag kong  sink-stand, generally for black ink; mtshal kong  ink-stand for red ink or vermillion; blugs kong  casting mould, crucible; gser kong  a gold cup or oil-burner placed before Tibetan deities; bye kong  bowl of sand.
kong mo 	SANST a cave; a ditch.
kod 	boiled: ja de kod nas ka ra bram po lnga byin pas jo bo dgyes  (A. 95) the tea having been boiled (prepared) and given with five lumps of sugar, the Jo-wo was gratified.
kon pa 	also called kon pa gab skyes  the name of a plant that grows in solitary places, generally in the clefts of rocks.  This medicine kon-pa gab-skyes, is used in Tibet for stopping hemorrhage.
kob kob 	same as kab kob , the noise or sound produced from the stretching of hides.
kom pa 	to tan (skin).
kom gdan 	a seat made of tanned skin.
kom po 	skin which has been made soft and pliable by tanning; leather.
kom shing kong jo 	the princess Kom, the youngest daughter of Wen Chung, the fifth Emperor of the Tang dynasty.  She was married to king Me Agtshom (J. Zao.).
kor 	same as skor   1. is used as a tshig grogs  or auxiliary particle used in the manner of an affix, as in stod kor , which signifies a cloth that surrounds or covers the upper part of one's body; hence stod le  a kind of half jacket worn by children and also by lama dancers; klad kor  the circular dot put over the head of certain letters to signify the letter ma.  2. anything that has been cut out by the hand or a lathe, such as shing kor  a wooden cup; rdza kor  an earthen cup or vessel turned out.  3. n. of a place; kor ni ru pa  n. of a great lama who was a native of the place called Kor. (Deb. ga 11).  kor  also occurs in than kor , nyen kor , 'od kor , pad kor , gdub kor , &c.
kor kor 	coiled: thag pa phur pa la kor kor byas| "a string was wound round the (exorcist's) dagger (Vai. so. 82).
kor bzo 	lit. of round make; a kind of shield of round shape (Rtsii.).
kol 	a colloq. form of kor .
kol ba'i lam 	= lam ngan pa , a bad road (Moon.).
kol sa 	v. 'gol sa 3 or 3gol sa 3.
kos ko 	SANST the chin.  This word is also applied to the throat and even to the wind-pipe.
kya la 	(also called rgya la ) petty; n. of a petty state in Tibet, the chief town of which is rgya la seng gdong  (lit. the lion-face), where the Tsang-po, it is said, enters a rocky chasm in the mountains.
kya aan 	n. of a large fort in Tibet (Dsam. 32).
kyag 	or kyag kyag   1. throwing obstacles in the way of another's work out of spite.  2. thick; run into clots; kyag pa nyid , thickness (Cs.).
kyag kyog 	or kyog kyog  SANST curved; crooked; not straight.
kyang 	I:, also kyang kyang  or kyang po   1. straight; right; very straight (Cs.).  2. slender as a stick (J‰.).  II: SANST  1. and; and also; though; although; too; yet more; used instead of dang  enclitically after the letters ga da ba sa .  In composition the word kyang  is placed between the subject and the predicate, for example:- mdzes kyang mdzes la sems kyang bzang  he was beautiful and his mind was also good.  In the sense of "though" kyang  follows the first or contrasted verb:- gdong pa mdzes kyang lus po kyog  "though his face was handsome yet his body was crooked."  'di ni mdzes shing 'od kyang 'phro| this being handsome also sheds lustre.  2. since, since that; then, therefore; likewise; whereas.
kyang kyong 	indolent, lazy, idle (J‰.).
kyar po 	also kyar kyar , flat, not globular (Cs.).
kyar kyor 	still feeble as a convalescent after disease (J‰.).
kyal 	I: resp. zhal kyal , a joke; also a comic or jocular look: lan cig zhal kyal du mdzad de| (A. 113) once having a jocular smile on his face.  II: also kyal kyal  sometimes written as rkyal rkyal , long and flat, not globular.  Described in (Oag.) don rtsa stong pa 'phrag 'phrag che ba'i don| like straw, hollow and devoid of meaning; worthless.
kyal ka 	SANST, SANST joke, jest, tricks: kyal ka'i tshig  SANST, rtsed mo'i tshig playful word.
kyal pa 	vain, idle talk, nonsense.
kyal kyol 	poor; ill-conditioned.
kyi 	1.  This syllable is primarily an inflecting affix attached to nouns, adj., participles, &c., indicating the genitive case.  This affix takes the form kyi  only after the final letters da, ba, or sa, and is varied to gyi  where the word to which it is attached ends in either na, ma, ra, or la, and to gi where the preceding final is ga or nga, or simply to 'i if the final happens to be a vowel.  Ex.: bod kyi  of Tibet, Tibetan; lam gyi  of the way; byang gi  of the north; 'gro ba'i tshe  at the time of going.  Sometimes, moreover, it is elided altogether, as in bod skad  Tibetan language.  2. It is annexed to verbal roots (with the same variations of form) after the manner of a continuative particle and imparting the gerundial sense, but by some modern writers used as a finite verb.  Gerundially it generally implies an antithesis which may be expresses in English by "though" followed by "yet": bu mos kho la bos kyi mgo sgy ur ba med lam drang 'grul yod  though the girl called to him, yet he went on the straight way without turning his head.  As affix to a finite verb it is frequent in the writing of Padma Jungnas and Milaraspa, and is also used in the C. Colloquial.  Attached to the verbal root it may also carry the sense of "as much as," "as far as" : lam 'di sems la nges kyi ba glang gi rjes su song  as far as he remembered this road, he followed the ox.  3. kyi  connecting the auxiliary verb with the verbal root forms a much-used present tense: nyal gyi yod  I am lying down.  But here the final vowel does not often take the simple i ('i), e.g., lta gyi 'dug  is seeing; still we have in books lto za'i 'dug  is eating food.  [N.B.:- The use with the instrumental form kyis  will come under that article.]
kyi glong 	the elbow.
kyi lce 	n. of a medicinal plant, Gentiana decumbens.  The white species of this plant called kyi lce dkar po  is in repute for biliousness.  The blue called kyi lce sngon po  heals swelling in the throat or glands (Med.).
kyi bun 	a chill; a feeling of cold (Sch.).
kyi ling chu rta sngon po 	= dngul chu 3 quicksilver (Sman. 118).
kyi hud 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. interj., the sound of weeping, lamentation; an expression of grief, sorrow or loss; Alas! Ah! kyi hud zer ba  SANST expressing deep sorrow or lamentation.  2. one of the eight cold hells of the Buddhist purgatory.
kyig rtse 	unburnt brick (Sch.).
kying 	n. of a people living in the east of Asia (Yig. 8).
kying ser rlung 	a violent wind with hail: acc. to J‰. also kya sa  onomatopoetic word; a blowing wind.
kyin 	a verbal termination used alternatively with gyin  and gin  and after a vowel; yin  denoting a partic. pres. like the English 'ing' : glu 'debs kyin song  proceed on your way singing! With yod  or 'dug  it forms a periphrastical present tense: snon lam 'debs gyin yod  he is praying (just now) (J‰.).  Most probably the common present form in kyi, gi, &c., is an excised form of this use, e.g., yod gi 'dug  is coming; lta gyi red  is looking.
kyir 	also kyir kyir , round; circular; a disk; a round thing; kyir ba nyid  roundness.
kyis 	by, with; the sign of the instrumental case, used after the letters da, ba, or sa, and generally indicating the personal subject of the action.  It is called the byed pa po'i sgra  (the term of the doer).  Generally kyis is annexed to a verbal root to render clauses which in English would be introduces with "by," "from," &c., e.g., ral gris mchin pa phigs kyis bsad do  from the sword having pierced the liver, he was slain.  Of course the prep. "from" might be omitted here.  Again our "because" is often an appropriate opening to clauses terminated in kyis ; gyis , &c.: 'gong po byon gyis khos byol song  the demon coming, he turn aside; or because the demon came, he, &c.
kyu 	SANST a hook; lcags kyu  iron hook; an angle; a fishing hook; zhabs kyu  (i.e., the foot-hook) a mark fixed at the foot of a letter to signify the vowel 'u' and written as u.
kyur kyur 	twittering; the cry of a small bird: byi'u co ga kyur kyur sgrog  the swallow twitters.
kye 	SANST, SANST the vocative sign; O! Holla! kye  is called 'bod pa'i sgra  or interjectionóthe word of invocation or calling : kye rgyal po chen po| O great King!  kye nor bu pad ma  O lotus-gem (Chenraisi).
kye kye 	also written kyi  for abbreviation; conveys the same meaning as kye.
kye rdo rje 	SANST n. of a terrific Tantrik deity.
kye ga 	n. for the magpie.
kye phang pa 	n. of an idol of the Nyingma sect, consisting, like most of the popular idols in Tibet, of an enchanted stick or log decked with rags, but much dreaded and said to be identical with Pe-dkar Gyalpo (J‰.).
kye ma 	SANST (interj.)  Alas!  An expression of surprise with sorrow, also of misery; kye ma ma la  SANST but oh! an interjection expressive of desire for compassion or fatigue: kye ma ma la glang po 'di  alas this elephant! (A. K. 1-36).
kye re 	or ke re , also kyer  upright, erect; kye re ba  or kye re nyid  the act of standing erect.
kye hud 	(interj.) SANST, SANST  Alas!  Woe!  Ah!  What misery!  An expression of grief or pain; kye ho  What oh!  Holla! kye to kwa ye bod pa'i tshig | kye-ho and kwa-ye are exclamatory words.
kyo ba 	SANST a pointed iron-hook; a large pin to pierce with.
kyo rang 	v. kyo ba 3.
kyog 	also kyog kyog  SANST, crooked, bent, winding, curved: mgo bo kyog kyog byas| having turned his head (sideways).  lam kyog  a winding or serpentine road; a zig-zag.
kyog po 	SANST crooked; kyog por  crookedly, not straight: ri  ags byings rnams mgrin pa kyogs te bros song | (Pag. 133) the wild animals that conceal themselves bending their necks ran away.
kyong 	I: or kyong kyong   1. SANST hollow; cavity; the hollow of a dish or tray; cognate to kong .  2. obstinate; unmanageable (J‰.).  3. hard, as in chu kyong po , hard water; evidently a colloq. form of chu gyong po   II: or kyong bu  a small shovel, scraper; kyong kha  quarrel (Sch.).
kyom 	flexible but without elasticity; flabby, loose, lax.
kyom pa 	soft and tough; kyom pa nyid  pliancy; toughness.
kyom kyom 	of irregular shape, not rectilinear (J‰.).
kyor 	or kyor kyor  weak, feeble, unfortified (Cs.).
kyol 	or kyol kyol  = kyor 3.
kra 	(ta) for sa kra , kra btsugs  established a Dharmasala (A. 61).
kra ma shar Sa 	n. of a kind of precious stone: pad ma ra ga'i khang brtsegs rab mtho ba kra ma shar Sa'i ba gam| (Rtsii. 41) a house built of ruby made lofty with a dome of krama sharra.
krag 	(tag) = brag 3, signifying rock.
krang nge 	(tang-oe) standing; krang nge ba  or krang nge ba nyid  an upright posture; krang sdod pa  to stand.
krang nang 	(tang-nao) a gallery round a house; a covered passage; evidently an incorrect form of srang nang .
krang ba 	(tang-wa) prob. wrongly written for drang po byed pa  to make straight.
krad 'khor 	(tÈ-khor) a ring used in the exercise of archery as a butt for arrows; a mark; a target.
krad rgyun 	(tÈ-gy¸n) a piece of long narrow leather to mend shoes with; acc. to Cs. a long narrow piece of leather to fasten the sole to the upper leather of a shoe or boot.
krad pa 	(tÈ-pa) a shoe; a covering for the feet of the lower classes of people; a leathern half-boot; krad lhan  a patch for a shoe.
kran ma 	(tan-ma) colloq. for sran ma , peas.
krab krab 	(tab-tab) = 'khrab pa 3 dancing or stamping of the feet: rkang lag krab krab bro 'khrab pa  (his) legs and arms moved as in dancing.  According to Oag. krab krab  is equivalent to leb leb , flat.
kram 	(tam) cabbage; kram mngar  sweet or fresh cabbage; kram skyur  cabbage-pickle; cabbage soaked in vinegar.
kri ka ru ka á	SANST n. of a monastery in ancient Behar which was also known by the names of Samudra Gupta and Kusumapuri (A. 60).
kri ka lAa Sa á	SANST a small lizard.  There is an account of this animal being once offered as a burnt sacrifice to the gods (K. d. ya 214).
kri kri á	SANST, SANST n. of a Buddhist king of Benares who is said to have patronized Buddha Kasyapa.  In the Chinese version of the Vimala-kirti-nirdesa sutra, he is called Kppin, the kind and merciful.
kri kha 	(ti-kha) the magpie; the white-breasted magpie; colloq. called kya-ka in Tibet.
kri ba sha'i gdong 	n. of a place in Tibet.  (J. Zao.).
kri mi 	(ti-mi) = bya gag 3  1. the grey duck (Moon.).  2. SANST a worm.
kri ya 	SANST; kri ya bya ba'i rgyud  the ritualistic part of Sambhava mysticism: de kri ya'i sngags dug phyag ngug gis byed pa yin te| (A. 74) the kpya mantra having been performed by the six-armed deity.  (EEE Original has Sambhawa.)
kri shong ba ro 	n. of an individual who did some service to Atisa during his journey to Tibet through Nepal (A. 142).
krig krig 	(tig-tig) = nan nan  to beat or press with the hand or feet; to make the sound tig-tig.
krig gi 	(tig-gi) straight: lcags kyi mda' ni krig gi bzang nas| the iron arrow when quite straight being good (D.R.).
krig chags med pa 	sngar nas lugs srol med pa 'am don dag med pa| not customary or purposelessly; for nothing: rgyun du sog po'i rigs krig chags med pa'i zhu zhu yod par| Mongol tribes without adhering to custom would always be making prayers (D. Shel. 10).
kring kang 	(tio-kao) a weapon like the spear; a forked spear: mdung dang kring kang 'dra ba so bcas rer| (to the cost of) a spear and lance with saw-like teeth (Rtsii.).
kring bag sgy o 	(tio-pag-gyo) glue or paste made of flour.
krin nad 	(tin-ne') the colic.
kriSa Na 	SANST n. of a sculptor; an image-maker during Atisa's time about 1000 A.D. (A. 121).
kriSa Na sAa ra 	SANST the spotted antelope (J‰.); a kind of black antelope which is said to possess the heart of a Bodhisattva.  The skin of this animal is used by Hindus and Buddhists alike to sit upon; the Tibetan lamas attach much sanctity to this antelope and its skin.
kru kru 	(tu-tu) (W.) wind-pipe (J‰.).
kru kru tris +	(tu-tu ti) SANST a kind of yellow chintz resembling satin of great value, formerly highly prized in India and Tibet.  It is called grung thang rgya ser gos chen .
kru ra 	(tu-ra) = dmangs rigs 3 the vulgar, or the lowest class of people in the mystical language (K. g. kha 28).
krung krung sgra can 	(tung-tung da-can) n. of a country (filled with the cry of storks or cranes) said to have been visited by the Buddha (K. du. kha 302).
krung thang 	the chief Chinese minister who was resident in Tibet when AbbÈ Huc visited Lhasa; an official of his class (Yig. k. 38).  Probably an error for Chung t'ang, a title borne by certain high officials in China.
krum pa 	(tum-pa) broken in the edge or side or nibbled, but not entirely broken to pieces.
krums 	(tum) meat: in polite language it is called gsol krums  (sol-tum), the meat that is offered to a respected person.
kre nyag 	(te-Òag) n. of a place in Kham.
kre nag 	(te-nag) the spout of a kettle.  (Sch.).
kre pa 	(te-pa) the forehead; also a colloq. spelling for dpral pa , the forehead.
kre bo 	(te-o) n. of a place in Kham.
kro Z na á	SANST = bu med gtum mo  a fierce woman; an amazon (Moon.).
krog krog 	(tog-tog) a kind of sound produced by the grinding of hard or brittle objects together: krog krog ni sgra skad  "tog-tog is a sound" (Oag.); tog-tog is an onomatopoetic word meaning a grating sound.
krong 	(too) erect; standing: lus thad krong | the body erectly stood.
krong krong 	(tong-tong) standing; posing still and erect: slob ma gnyis kyis mthong bar lha dngos su krong krong sprul nus pa| (A. 27) "while the two pupils were looking on, the deity was able to appear erect, as if in life."  When used of persons, it means also standing on one's knees; kneeling in an upright position (J‰.).
krong rtse 	(too-tse) n. of a kind of round writing anciently used in China: de dus kyi yi ge ni krong rtse zhes pa 'khor yig yin pa la| the characters of that time were circular letters called Too-tse.  The word krong rtse  seems to be a corruption of the Chinese tang-ch'ien, copper cash.  Tibetans say tong rtse rgya tham pa  "a hundred cash."
kron kron 	(ton-ton) in W. hanging; dangling.
kla rtsi 	SANST this is an incorrect spelling of the word gla rtsi .
kla klo 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. a barbarian: kyi hud kla klo dud 'gro klu| (Zam. 2) "Alas, the Mleccha, the beasts, and the Naga!"  2. any Musalman of India, a Hwi-Hwi or Hwi-tse in China.  3. a nation without laws; a barbarous, uncivilized race.
kla klo kha 	= zangs 3, copper (Moon.).
kla klo rnams *	SANST the barbarians (Schr.).
kla klo'i kha 	SANST a Musalman's mouth; = kha che 3 "a wide mouth-man," i.e., a Musalman of Kashmir.
kla klo'i tshes *	SANST (Schr.) "religion on the lips."
kla klo'i tig ta 	several bitter roots growing in the sub-Himalayan regions; one is also called mon gyi tig ta , Gentiana cheretta (Moon.).
kla klo'i spos 	= sgog pa 3 garlic (Moon.).
kla klo'i 'phel 	SANST, SANST n. of a Tururka (Tartar) King; lit. growth of a Yavana or Mleccha; kla klo'i bye brag  SANST a tribe of Tururka; a Tartar.
klag cor 	SANST, SANST clamour, noise: klag cor chung pa  less noisy: klag cor mang du smras pa dang | "having made a row about."
klag pa 	1. SANST study, reading; klag pa'i slob dpon| SANST a teaching professor, a teacher: klag pa'i brtul zhugs yongs rdzogs pa| "has completed his vow of study" (A. K. 30), v. klog pa 3 to read, peruse; klags  SANST, is pret. of klog pa .  2. SANST to incarnate: klags lta ba  SANST waiting for an expectant of one's advent or incarnation; in Arta.  SANST "one who finds fault with"; klags mi khugs  = klags mi rnyed  not incarnated or obtained an incarnated state: stong pa nyid nas stong pa nyid la klags mi rnyed do| "there cannot be transmigration from one to another state of emptiness."  (This is in reference to the eighteen states of Sunyata.).
klags 	v. klog 3.
klad 	klad ces pa gong ngam steng du zhes pa'i don|  1. "the word klad  means above or upward" (Oag.); klad la bskor nas  revolving round overhead (A. 155).  2. SANST, SANST head; brain; it is also written as klad pa klad kor , same as nga ro , a dot or cypher placed on top of a letter to denote the abbreviation of the letter ma , which is commonly used in writing and occasionally in printing.  3. first; klad nas  from the first: gcan gzan seng ge'i phru gu de|sder chags thams cad klad nas 'dzoms| as to lion's cubs, their claws are prominent from the first.   (EEE2 In the original under #2. klad pa klad kor  is written as glad pa klad kor , but this is a mistake.)
klad rgya 	membrane covering the brain; pia mater; klad rgyas lha pa  the bloody marrow in the bones (Schr.); klad sgo  the fontanel in the infant cranium (Schr.).
klad chung 	the cerebellum; klad gzhung  the spinal marrow; klad gzer  painful prickling sensation in the brain; klad shubs  or klad rgya  the thin covering of the brain.
klad tho 	the top length of a Tibetan tent, i.e., the distance between its two poles.
klad don 	lit. signifies the meaning of the text or the original work, but is generally used as a term for the Sanskrit names or expressions which head almost all the religious books of Tibet.  The work Moon. makes klad  synonymous with klad rgyas  the amplification of the original text.
klad pa 	SANST what is uppermost; klad ma  SANST priority, beginning, top.
klad pa 'gems pa 	lit. those whose brains have become confounded; to stun; to surprise; to confound; to overthrow in argument.
klad bzo 	the making of the outer side of anything: klad bzo spug ther skabs dang bstun par bya| this outer covering and the flannel within must be made to fit in their size (Yig. 22).
klan ka 	SANST censure, blame; klan ka mi 'tshol ba  one not seeking brawls: gzhan la snyad 'tshol ba la klan ka 'tshol ba zer| casting imputations against another is called klan-ka htshol-wa; rtsod pa bkod pa la yang klan ka zer| also fomenting a dispute is called klan ka ; klan ka 'tshol ba  = klan ka bsam pa ; SANST one who seeks brawls; klan byed pa  or klan ka byed pa  or klan ka 'debs pa  or skur klan  to censure, blame.
klan pa 	1. revenge; wrong avenged; to wreak vengeance for: bya rog gis 'ug pa la sha klan pa zhes pas len pa'i don| (Lo. 9) the crow revenges itself upon the owl by what is called flesh-revenge.
klan bya 	part to be mended or to be patched.
klam pa 	SANST a thick blanket; also a pagri or turban used by Tibetans when travelling: klam pa zhes pa mgo la dkri rgyu'i ras ring po'i ming | (K. du. ga 121) klam the term for a long piece of cloth which is tied round the head.
klal ba 	= bsgy ings pa 3 or 3bya bsnyangs pa 3 SANST, yawning; to yawn.
klas 	SANST copious, abundant; an equivalent of yas , beyond, apart, as in 'byams klas  or mtha' klas  (SANST).  In this case klas  may be taken to mean "without," and is an equivalent of the Sanskrit SANST.
kling ma 	or gling ma  SANST, the margin of a river or lake.
klu 	I: SANST n. of a kind of flower (K. my. ka 20).  II: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. the Indian Naga, that is, a demi-god having the human head and the body of a serpent, which is generally supposed to live in fountains, rivers, and lakes.  The Lu are also believed to be the guardian of great treasures under-ground; they are able to cause rain and certain maladies, and become dangerous when angry.  2. a serpent or any snake in general.
klu kun tu dga' ba'i zlos gar 	the drama of Nagananda; zlos gar kyi bstan bcos dga' ba'i lhas mdzad pa'i ming | a dramatic treatise by Harsadeva (Ya-sel. 230).
klu khang 	the residence of the Lu or serpent gods.  An imaginary palace supposed to exist at the bottom of the sea or of some lake where the Naga reside: klu khang skyed tshal thugs spro las gzigs so| (Jig.) saw the palace of the Lu and their grove with delight.
klu glang nag po ba ru can 	= sdig srin 3 the crab which is called by the Tibetans "bull-horned black Lu" (Sman. 144).
klu rgyal *	SANST (Schr.).
klu rgyal dkar po dung skyong 	SANST n. of a certain Naga Raja or a serpent demi-god called the White Protector of Conch Shells: klu rgyal dkar po dung skyong dang 'dzin pa lag mang sogs  the Lu ruler called white Sankhapala and Sankhadhara Bahu Pani, the deity with many arms, and others (Rtsii. 44).
klu rgyal mtha' yas 	SANST infinite; the king of the snakes described in Hindu mythology (Moon.); one of the eight klu chen , great Lu.
klu rgyal rigs lnga 	the five classes among the Naga Raja or Lu kings residing in the fabulous world of the snakes.
klu sgrub 	(Lu-dub) SANST the expounder of the Madhyamika school of Buddhist philosophy.
klu chen brgyad 	the eight chiefs of the Lu or Naga are mtha' yas  SANST; 'jog po  SANST; nor rgyas  SANST; dung skyong  SANST; pad ma  SANST; pad ma chen po  SANST; stobs ldan  SANST; rigs ldan  SANST, SANST.
klu 'jog po 	SANST the class of Lu or Naga called Taksaka.
klu thebs 	the coming forth of the Lu in summer from their retreats.  This time is fixed in Tibetan almanacs for worshipping them: dbyar sa steng du klu 'ong ba la klu thebs zer  the coming upwards of the Lu from their retreats in summer is called klu thebs .
klu ldog 	the retiring of the Lu to their abodes in the nether regions is called klu ldog , which time is generally calculated by the Tibetan astrologers to fall in December.
klu mthar byed 	SANST the chief patriarch of the Naga; also SANST, which is a name of the Garuda bird.
klu dug 	= grul 'bum zla ba'i nu zho can|dug ngan pa zhig gi ming |  1. n. of an indolent poison.  2. n. of a very venomous snake (Sman. 350).
klu dug can 	poisonous snakes.
klu gdon 'joms byed 	= rgyal po snug po  lit. that which destroys poison or kills Lu demons = gla rtsi 3 musk (Sman. 333).
klu bdud rdo rje 	n. of a medicinal plant which is believed to have the property of healing all sorts of diseases caused by Lu or malignant spirits.
klu mdud 	prob. Codonopsis ovata (J‰.) also klu'i gnod pa  cures all kinds of arthritis and rheumatism (W.).
klu sdings 	SANST the peaks or flanks of a mountain where snakes reside.
klu nad 	SANST, SANST the disease caused by the Lu or leprosy.
klu gnas 	SANST the abode of the Lu.
klu bod *	SANST one of the disciples of Nagarjuna (Schr.).
klu byang *	SANST an epithet of Nagarjuna and also that of one of his disciples.
klu dbang gi rgyal po 	a Buddha ruling over the Lu, usually depicted with 4 attendant Bodhisattva (Grub. 109).
klu 'bum 	n. of a section of the Sgomao division of the monastery of dpal ldan 'bras spungs  (Dai-pung near Lhasa): dpal ldan 'bras spungs sgo mang pa'i khams tshan|hor gdong bsam blo klu 'bum| the Gomang sections of Daipung Monastery are the Hordong, Sam-lo and Lubum; n. of a treatise on a hundred thousand Naga.
klu 'bum khra bo 	1. n. of a religious work among the Bon-po.  2. khra bo  means "mottled."  There are also klu 'bum dkar po , klu 'bum nag po .  Klu-hbum, originally a hooded snake, cobra di capello; the mythological sense, however, is only understood in Tibet, where every child knows and believes in Lu or Nagas, &c., cobras being unknown.
klu mes 	bla ma zhig gi mtshan| (Deb. 46) n. of a lama of Tibet.
klu mo 	a female serpent; also a serpent demoness.
klu mo mu tig nu zho can 	n. of medicinal plant used for wounds or sores.  Its flowers are of garnet colour; when they are plucked there oozes out a milkish sap which is said to possess healing power (Sman. 350).
klu snan 	n. of a medicine.
klu gzugs 	the body or likeness of a snake; also a Lu in the body of a snake; anything with the body or in the guise of a snake.
klu'i skad 	the language of the Naga; according to some Tibetan authors this is the Nagari language of India which they identify with the Prakrit.  According to the earliest historians of Tibet klu'i skad  i.e., the Naga bhara, was the language of the Chinese: rgya nag pa klu las chad pas|nA ga kri ta klu'i skad du smra| the Chinese having originated from the serpent demi-gods, speak the Naga kpta, the language of the Lu.  nA ga kri ta  is distinguished from the Sanskrit language which is called Deva bhara, the language of the gods.  Naga-kpta means corrupt language and Sans-kpta means refined language.
klu'i grong khyer 	SANST, SANST the mythological city of the Naga in the nether world ruled by King Sera.
klu'i 'jig rten 	SANST the nether world or region inhabited by the Lu or Naga.
klu'i dug bcom 	n.  of a fabulous sea which lies beyond a great sandy desert.  The Lu chieftain Stobs-ldan (Bala-van) resides there and excites dissensions among living beings (K. d. ra 335).
klu'i gdengs ka 	the hood or neck of a Naga or of a serpent.
klu'i sde *	SANST (Schr.) n. of the celebrated Buddhist sage who answered the interrogations of King Menander (of Milinda Pannha); one of the eighty Buddhist saints of the northern school.
klu'i gnod pa 	or klu'i skyon , plague; a disease of unknown origin; maladies supposed to be originated from the malignity of the serpent demi-gods.
klu'i byang chub *	SANST (Schr.).
klu'i sbrul 	SANST a class of very venomous snakes.
klu'i yi ge 	SANST acc. to Cs. the Chinese character; acc. to some authors the Nagari character.
klu'i bshes gnyen *	SANST (Schr.) n. of a Buddhist saint.
klu yi skad 	SANST the language of the Naga: legs sbyar gyi skad dang yang na klu yi skad du gsungs na go gsungs| it is said that (he) understood (it) when related in the Sanskrit or in the language of the Naga.  (EEE The original has the Tibetan headword as kla yi skad  but this is clearly in error.  The transliteration provides the correct spelling of "klu-yi skad", and the headword has been corrected altered here accordingly.)
klu yi 'khri shing 	= lo ma'i 'khri shing  n. of a leafy creeping plant (Moon.).
klu yi lce 	= thal dres snan  lit. the snake's tongue; n. of a plant used in medicine.  Syn. sngo sangs 'khri shing ; sngo sangs mtha' yas ; mtha' yas rtsa ; ba glang bsrung ; me tog phra mo  (Moon.).
klu yi gzhi 	= sa gzhi 3 the earth (Moon.).
klu shing 	SANST lit. the snake-tree; SANST the tree of golden bark.  Syn. bum can ; skyes bu mtho ; lha'i 'dab ; lha'i lcug ma ; seng ge skrod ; klu'i me tog ; ge sar mar po ; klu skyes  (Moon.).  The names of some species of trees called naga vpkra are the following:- tshad ldan 'dab ma ; me tog rtse ; sa srung ; klu'i mtshan ; sog le sgrib ; shun pa dri zhim ; rtsa ba mang ; sa'i dzam bu ka ; SANST the plant Flacourtia spadia (Moon.).
klu gshed gsum 	the names of three medicines, viz., sdig srin , zhal nag  and byang nag  (Sman. 450).
klung 	a valley; river; chu klung  SANST a river in general; nags klung  a river passing through wooded tracts; the name klung  is seldom applied to small streams or rivulets.
klung rgyun 	a stream, current; klung rgyun ltar  like the flow of a river.
klung sgog 	a kind of garlic growing wild on the margins of rivers in Tibet: klung sgog mdze yi rma gso skrangs chu skem| wild garlic cures leprous sores and dries up the fluids in swellings (Med.).
klung rta 	(in nag rtsis  the art of divination) = rlung rta 3.
klung phyugs 	cattle living in the lower table-lands of Tibet.  This term is also applied to the yaks which are kept in the lower plains of Tibet.  klung phyugs so gnyis yan gyi ko ba rer| "for (i.e., the price of) each hide of cattle of two teeth," (i.e., above two years old) (Rtsii.).
klung 'bab pa 	the rushing of a hill torrent; the flowing of a river.
klung ma 	a river.
klung tshag 	a yak of the valley; ri tshag  a hill yakóa yak belonging to the higher elevations and hill-tops of Tibet (Rtsii.).
klung shod 	n. of a place in the uplands of 'bri gung  (Diguo) situated to the north-east of Lhasa (Loo. za 12).
klung shos 	a kind of plant growing on the margins of rivers in Tibet, and said to be efficacious when applied to sores: klung sgog  garlic of the valley.
klungs 	I: this term is applied to the astrological results arrived at by computing one's age in reference to that of one's parents by consulting their horoscopes.  It occurs in the Vaidurya Karpo in expressions such as pha klungs , ma klungs|.  II: cultivated lands; a field: klungs su skye  grow on cultivated soil: dkar mdangs kyi klungs tshang ma  all fields belonging to Dkar-hdaos.
klub pa +	pf. klubs pa ,   1. to cover the body with ornaments (J‰.); to put on luxuriously (Cs.): gser leb rta shing dag las legs grub pa'i seng khebs rab 'bring tha ma gsum du klubs  (Jig.).  2. to set up (a tenant).  3. n. of a tribe in Tibet (Vai. kar. 160).
klus bod 	Naga-hvaya, one of the 28 Buddhist sages mentioned in the M.V.
klus byang chub 	SANST, Naga-Bodhi, one of the chief disciples of Nagarjuna.  His essence is supposed to have been embodied in the late Kusho Sengchen of Tashi-lh¸npo.
kles 	a rack for clothes, clothes-horse.
klog pa 	to read, imp. klogs shig  also lhogs shig  do read, pf. klags pa  or bklags , fut. klag  or bklag , bklag par bya .  klog par byed  is reading; klog par byed pa  the act of reading, the causing to be read; klog bya  anything to be read; klog tu 'jug pa  to begin or cause one to read; klog pa po  or klog mkhan  a reader; klog grwa  a reading school, a school for reading; dpe cha sogs klog pa  reading books, &c.  klog 'don  to read aloud; klog byang  SANST well-read, accomplished in reading, a scholar; klog pa yang klog pa  to read again.
klog thob 	n. of a Bodhisattva (K. ko. ca 50).
klong 	I: or klong ba  SANST extent; mass, bulk, body; depth, abyss.  Also a wave or any undulating thing: klong dang bcas pa  SANST with opening or reverting folds or coils as in a conch shell.  II: this word either alone or in combination with yangs  is generally used to express the idea of vastness, infinitude or immensity.  It also signifies "space" as a definite expanse, being in a measure synonymous with dbyings : chos kyi klong yangs  the immensity or profoundness of dharma; chos kyi dbyings  SANST the expanse of matter or infinitude of phenomena; sems nyed kyi klong  the depth or amplitude of the mind: rdo rje 'chang dbang chos sku lha lam mtha' bral klong yangs na|rdo rje rnal 'byor longs sku lnga ldan nam mkha'i nor bu rgyas| this spiritual being of Dorje chang developes in the wide boundless sphere of the gods into that jewel of the heavens which comprises the five illusive bodies of Dorje Naljor (Naro. 1).  III: centre or middle; = dbus 3 or 3dkyil 3 as in dba' klong  or rba klong  the eddy or whirlpool caused by rba  or dba' , the waves; dpa' klong  or rba klong  is also used to signify rba-rlabs, a wave, billow.  IV: klong du gyur pa  + has the meaning of dbang du gyur pa  under one's subjection or power; is equivalent to SANST fully comprehended; over-powered.  It is also used to signify perfection in mystic arts, as J‰schke renders it "a soaring into mystic perfection."  The work ngag 'grel  explains it in the following manner: yongs su chub pa'am 'dus pa la'ang 'jug | "it is also applied (to mean) whatever has arrived at complete perfection or become concentrated into one."
klong chen 	n. of a celebrated lama of Tibet who was also called klong chen rab byams pa .
klong sde 	a division of the Buddhist writing of the man ngag  SANST class, the introduction of which is attributed to Lotsawa Vairotsana.  bod kyi yul 'dir man ngag rdzogs pa chen por grags pa la sems sde dang klong sde dang man ngag sde  "in this country of Tibet (in books) known as the great Man-oag rdsogs-pa, there are the Sems section, the Loo section, and the Man-nag section" (Deb. ga 3).
klong ma dkyel 	1. of great capacity.  2. SANST the cavity of the abdomen.
klongs pa 	SANST, same as dkrugs pa .
klongs rag 	n. of a place in Tibet; klongs rag gru kha  the ferry at Kloos-rag (Yig.).
klon pa 	to mend, to patch shoes, &c; klon pa po  a cobbler, mender of shoes.
kSa 	in mystic language the term signifies an evil spirit.
kSa ya 	pronounced in Tibetan as sha ya  SANST phthisis pulmonalis; but according to the Tibetan pathology kSa ya nag po  denotes a bilious disease, prob. black jaundice (J‰.).  The symptoms of the disease kra-ya, as described in the medical works of Tibet, are as follows: mkhris pa lus la byer nas zu 'phrug byed|pags mdog sngo nag skra dang snin ma 'byi shed med sha skam sen mo nag thig chags pa 'ong  "the bile having permeated the body, itching is set up, the skin becomes greenish-black in colour, the hair and the eyebrows fall off, loss of strength, shrivelled flesh, and black spots on the nails, will be produced" (Med.).
kSa su ra 	a kind of precious stone resembling crystal; it is very rare in Tibet: kSa su ra ni shel dang stang zil dngos re re tsam las bod du 'byung mi 'gyur  as to Krasura, that crystal and the genuine stao-zil stone do not occur in Tibet except singly (Yig.).
dkag ba 	constipation; obstructed bowels.
dkan +	I: SANST acc. to Oag. the palate, the roof of the mouth; ya dkan  the upper part of the palate; ma dkan  the lower part of the palate; dkan gnyer  cleft palate; dkan gyi yi ge  SANST the palatal letters; dkan gtog  SANST an abscess in the palate; dkan nad  any disease of the palate.  II: is sometimes used in the place of gyen , steep or up hill; dkan gzar po  a steep declivity; precipice (Oag. 5).
dka' 	dka' ba  or dka' bo  SANST, SANST  1. hard, difficult; used as adj. go dka' ba  hard to understand; rab tu dka' ba  very hard or difficult.  2. pains, exertions, sufferings; dka' ba med par thob pa  SANST gain without pain or exertion; dka' ba med pa  without hardship or difficulty; 'grod dka' ba  difficult of access; sgrub dka' ba  hard to accomplish or to perfect; fig. to propitiate; brjod dka' ba  hard to express or describe; rnyed dka' ba  difficult to find; bya dka' ba  hard work, or hard to do; dka' ba nyid  SANST difficulty; dka' byed pa  SANST one who accomplishes a difficult or hard task.
dka' 'grel 	SANST lit. difficulties explained; a commentary; explanation of difficulties (J‰.).  tshig don go dka' ba 'grel pas bkrol pa  meanings of terms which are difficult to understand are explained in a commentary (Oag. 5).
dka' bcu 	SANST ten ascetical hardships; a Buddhist scholar who has acquired such great proficiency in sacred literature as to be able to interpret the meanings of a term in ten different ways.
dka' thub 	I: SANST; also SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, asceticism, also penance; an ascetic, one who is able to stand hardships or privations: dka' thub lus ni che ba dang |mdzes ma gcig bur nyal ba dang |dpa' po rma mtshan med pa ste|'di gsum yid mi ches pa'i rgyu|"that an ascetic's body should be fat, that a pretty woman should sleep by herself, and that a hero should be without wound-scarsóthese three are things the mind does not credit."  II: a name for the first month of the Tibetan calendar (Rtsii.).
dka' thub kyi gnas 	SANST the residence of an ascetic; a hermitage.
dka' thub dgra 	= 'dod lha dga' rab dbang phyug| (lit. the ascetic's enemy) a name of the god of love (Moon.).
dka' thub can 	= nyon mongs pa 3 SANST, SANST one who undergoes asceticism; a hermit; one who having renounced the worldly life has retired to solitude; an epithet of the Hindu deity Mahesvara.  Syn. spang spos ; spu can ; dri'i sras po ; 'byung po'i ral pa  (Moon.).
dka' thub  od pa 	the practices of an ascetic or hermit; drang srong  a piri (Moon.); dka' thub la 'gro ba  to embrace the life of an anchorite; dka' thub ser po  = gur gum 3 saffron (Sman. 351); dka' thub gsal  SANST one whose asceticism or penitence is either visible or exemplary.
dka' zlog bla ma 	n. of a snowy mountain; it is generally applied to ri bo gangs can  (Moon.).
dka' zlog ma 	n. of the Goddess gu ri  (Moon.).
dka' las che ba 	very difficult; dka' las med pa  free from difficulty; easy.
dkar 	I: in compounds = dkar po 3 white; grey.  II: sincere; dkar mi byas  not confessing one's guilt; not exonerated; not making a clean breast of anything.
dkar skya 	SANST light grey: dkar skyo  SANST pale; white.
dkar khang 	a lighted house; also a store room (S. kar. 66, 178).
dkar khung 	= skar khung 3 window, a sky-light; a hole in the wall of a house for the entrance of light.
dkar khyug 	anything streaked or ornamented with diverse colours.
dkar khrigs 	(kar-thig) white; shining; bright; glittering; brilliant.
dkar gong 	1. a kind of white clay; porcelain clay.  2. same as me rdo  flint: dkar gong srin 'don gdon dug la phan| white clay is useful to expel worms and for the poison of evil spirits.
dkar rgya 	rose-coloured; pale pink.
dkar rgyan 	white ornament; the butter used in painting offerings made of barley flour or rice to the gods: zhal zas dkar rgyan mar  cakes that are painted white and red with (coloured) butter (Rtsii.).
dkar bcud gsum 	the triple white elixir, i.e., the cream from the milk of the female yak, ewe, and cow: 'bri lug ba gsum gyi 'o ma 'dus pa'i khNa Da  "Khanda is the mixed milk of the female yak, ewe and cow."
dkar chag 	SANST  1. an index; register.  2. whitish; grey.  3. morally good; standing on the side of virtue; sincere; candid.
dkar chab chab 	= dkar chem chem  or 'od zer dkar chem me  glittering white rays.
dkar chung lha khang 	n. of a monastery in Tibet (J. Zao.).
dkar nye 	= dkar ba'i nye ba  a true friend; one who has come over to one's side out of sincere good will; a friendly relation.
dkar sting cha ngam 	n. of a place in Kham near Ri-wo-che.  (Lon. ja 29).
dkar thag 	the string of a bow: dkar thag gYon cha 'grigs rag ma rer 'bru| (Rtsii.).
dkar dro 	milk and curd: gong gi rin thang mnyam pa'i dkar dro bya| it will make milk and curd of equal value with the above (Jig. 30).
dkar ldan 	SANST lit. the fair one; the Goddess Gauri, the wife of Siva.
dkar po 	also dkar mo  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. white; pure; fair; a qualification, talent, enlightenment; (sometimes) wise.  2. SANST, silver; dub grass; a learned man; purity: dkar po rnam par mthong ba'i sa| SANST "complete enlightenment is a stage of insight."  It is one of the stages of perfection of the Hinayana School.
dkar po chig thub 	a kind of medicinal plant; also, its root, which is used to kill worms; dug sdud gnyan srin 'joms| it draws out poisonous matter and subdues worms which infest one.
dkar po rnam par 'char pa *	SANST (Schr.).
dkar po 'bar *	SANST (Schr.) white lustre.
dkar po spal rgyab 	rdo snan zhig gi ming  n. of a medicinal stone (called "white frog's back") (Moon.).
dkar po'i bskal pa 	SANST the enlightened age or Kalpa.
dkar phigs 	used in colloq. for dkar phibs .
dkar phibs 	a tower or dome built on pillars on the roof of a house for commanding a view, generally in the Chinese style: dkar phibs chen mor ka ring seng ge'i kha  in the great domed tower is the tall pillar with a lion's mouth.
dkar phyogs 	SANST the light half of a month; the period from the new to the full moon; the innocent side in two contending parties; dkar phyogs lha  the gods who belong to the side of virtue; dkar phreng  n. of the mythical capital of the Asura (Pag. 30).
dkar ba 	SANST white, v. dkar dkar ba nyid  SANST whiteness: chos la dkar ba yod pas| "through sincerity in the doctrine"; "by piety" (Pag. 30).  (EEE The phrase dkar dkar ba nyid  does not appear elsewhere in the dictionary, so no hypertext link is provided.)
dkar mi byed pa 	to plead innocence.  Oag. explains it as rang la nag nyes pa yod bzhin du mna' skyel bsam  to show by signs or by oath that he is not guilty.
dkar min 	SANST, SANST not white; black; dark; chaos; bent; crooked.
dkar min bu 	the son of Dkar-min; the offspring of chaos: SANST an epithet of the son of Brahma.
dkar me 	= chos me  sacred fire; especially lamps lighted before deities: dkar me sdong ras 'os rigs| the kind (of cloth) fit for wicks of lamps (lighted before the images of saints and deities) (Rtsii.).
dkar med ma 	gnod sbyin mo'i gtso mo  (Moon.) a name of the queen of the Yakra.
dkar mo 	1. mutton; a sheep when slaughtered; dkar mo lag gYas dkar sha lag pa gcig  a shoulder of mutton from the right side of a slaughtered sheep (Rtsii.); lug gi dkar mo lag pa'i gcos  mutton of sheep slaughtered by the hand (as distinguished from the meat of a dead sheep) (Jig. 9).  2. SANST, SANST an epithet of the goddess Durga.  3. white rice.
dkar dmar 	light red or whitish red.
dkar rtsi 	also spelt dkar tse   1. lime; white-wash; white-paint.  2. a kind of coarse cotton cloth; lint: dkar rtsi sha rus la zhen nad 'gogs byed  lint arrests decaying disease in the flesh and bone (S. kar. 3).  3. SANST, res dkar rtsi  white muslin.
dkar rtsis 	or skar rtsis  astrology: rgya gar nas bod du dar ba'i rtsis la dkar rtsis zer| the system of reckoning introduced in Tibet from India is called dkar rtsis  (D. Shel. 8).
dkar rtser ba 	very white or fair: rta pa gzhon nu ma dkar rtser ba zhig| a young maiden of very fair complexion on horse-back (A. 135).
dkar 'dzin 	the female breast; teats.  Syn. 'dod pa'i myos bum ; lang tsho'i mtshan ma ; 'o ma 'dzin ; logs skyes  (Moon.).
dkar mdzod 	a dispensary.
dkar 'od 	= srin bu me khyer 3 fire-fly (Moon.).
dkar yol 	porcelain (Oag. 5).
dkar gYeng 	is explained as khrims zhib cha byed pa  a trial or investigation under law.
dkar sangs 	pure white; also dkar seng nge ba  or dkar po dkar kyang  very white.
dkar seng nge ba 	= skya thom me ba 3 v. 3dkar sangs 3.
dkar sob yang ba'i 'od can 	= cong zhi 3 alabaster (Sman. 353).
dkar gsal 	fair; white; light.
dkar gsum 	the three white things, viz., curd, milk and butter (A. 143).
dku +	SANST = lus kyi sta zur  (Lex.) the side of one's body: dku ni dpyi mgo'i gong tsam rtsib ma thung ngu'i thad|lus kyi gYas gYon gang rung | dku is toward the small ribs just above the hip, whether on the right or left of the body; dkur  or dku la rten pa  to carry a thing at one's side (Zam.); dku brtol ba  to open the side, as a symptom of pregnancy; dku nad  apparently a disease of the kidneys (J‰.); dku zlum  round and plump buttocks; the cavity of the abdomen (J‰.); dper na dril bu dkur brten sogs| for example a bell resting on its side (Oag.).
dku mnye 	SANST a rug to sit upon; a seat.
dku lto 	contrivance, stratagem; craft; trick, especially if under some pretext one person induces another to do a thing that proves hurtful to him (J‰.); dku lto byed par  using a stratagem.
dku ste 	= lhag ste  SANST remaining; in excess.
dku ba +	stench; putrid smell: dku ba ni dri ma mi zhim pa'am  Dku-wa signifies anything that is not of agreeable smell; dri tsha ba la dri ma dku zer  the smell of that which is putrid is called dku-wa, dku ba rnam pa lnga  the five kinds of dku-wa, i.e., objects with bad strong smell, are the following: sgog pa garlic; tsong  onion; rgya sgog  Chinese garlic; ri sgog  the hill or Tibetan garlic; and shing kun  asafútida.  The use of these five are forbidden to the Buddhist Bhikru (K. d. wa 115).
dkon 	dkon pa  SANST  1. adj. rare, scarce; hard to acquire: lo 'di la char pa dang 'bru dkon| this year rain and grain are scarce; deng sang bod ja shin tu dkon pa 'dug| just now Tibetan tea is very rare; 'jig rten na dkon no  exceedingly rare in the world; 'jig rten na dkon par bzang ngo | it is of a quality rarely to be met with in the world; khyod 'dra ba mthong na dkon rgyu med| to see a person like you is nothing particularly rare; lce bde mo la lha chos dkon  with a prattler religion is scarce (J‰.).  dkon pa nyid  rarity; dkon nor  valuable property; riches; rare things.  2. sbst., a rarity.  There are said to be seven dkon or rarities.
dkon mchog 	SANST any precious object; anything very excellent or best of its kind.  The oldest forms of this word are:- dkond cog  or dkon cog .  dkon mchog  means dkon pa'i mchog , the chief of rarities, the rarest being or object, the Supreme Being:  ir 'jig rten na nor bu rin po che ni shin tu rnyed dka' zhing dkon pa yin|dkon pa de las kyang shin tu dkon pas na dkon pa'i mchog| "in general in this world a precious jewel difficult to procure is a rarity; that which is much rarer still than any rarity is dkon-chog."  A precious gem of the rarest kind is useful only for worldly purposes; but Buddha, his church, and creed, are of use to all living beings, both here and here after, for increasing and ensuring their happiness.  Apart from Buddhism, the Tibetans appear to have possessed the conception of the Supreme Deity in the term Dkon-mchog.  This term, dkon mchog  is used in Tibetan writings for each member of the Buddhist triadóBuddha, Dharma, and Sanghaóseparately, as also for the three collectively; in the latter case often with gsum annexed.  Mr. W. W. Rockhill has condemned the use of this word by Christian missionaries to signify "God."  But J‰schke has elaborated on the subject as follows:- "Buddhism has always sought the highest good not in anything material, but in the moral sphere, looking with indifference, and indeed with contempt, on everything merely relating to matter.  It is not, however, moral perfection, or the happiness attained thereby, which is understood by the "most precious thing," but the mediator or mediators who procure that happiness for mankind, viz., Buddha (the originator of the doctrine), the doctrinal scriptures and the corporate body of priests, called SANST, dkon-mchog gsum.  Now, although this triad cannot, by any means, be placed on a level with the Christian doctrine of a triune God, yet it will be easily understood how the innate desire of man to adore and worship something supernatural, together with the hierarchical tendency of the teaching class, have afterwards contributed to convert the acknowledgment of human activity for the benefit for others (for such it was undoubtedly on the part of the founder himself and his earlier followers) into a devout, and by degrees idolatrous, adoration of these three agents, especially as Buddha's religious doctrine did not at all satisfy the deeper wants of the human mind, and its author himself did not know anything of a God standing apart and above this world.  For, whatever in Buddhism is found of beings to whom divine attributes are assigned, has either been transferred from the Indian and other mythologies, and had, accordingly, been current among the people before the introduction of Buddhism, or is the result of philosophical speculation that has remained more or less foreign to the people at large.  As, then, the original and etymological signification of the word is no longer current, and as to every Tibetan 'Dkon-mchog' suggests the idea of some supernatural power, the existence of which he feels in his heart, and the nature and properties of which he attributes more or less to the three agents mentioned above, we are fully entitled to assign to the word Dkon-mchog also the signification of God, though the sublime conception which the Bible connects with the word, viz., that of a personal absolute Omnipotent Being, will only with the spread of the Christian religion be gradually introduced and established."
dkon mchog kun 'dus 	the three gems, i.e., Buddha, Dharma and Saogha collectively: bla ma ni dus gsum sangs rgyas thams cad 'dus pa'i bdag nyid  lama is the essence of all the Buddhas of the three ages massed together; sku dge 'dun gsung dam chos thugs sangs rgyas kyi ngo bo ste dkon mchog kun 'dus| the image represents the church; the scriptures represent the heart, i.e., the Dharma; and the holy relics (symbolical of the spirit of Buddha) complete the three gems.
dkon mchog gi mchod pa 	the service or worship of the Dkon-mchog.
dkon mchog 'byung gnas 	SANST a name of the first of the nine stages of Samadhi or ting nge 'dzin  the meditations of a Bodhisattva.
dkon mchog brtsegs pa 	SANST a Sanskrit work on the names and attributes of Buddha, in one hundred chapters, out of which forty-nine chapters were translated into Tibetan; of these forty-nine only six are now extant in Tibet.  The entire work was translated into Chinese by JÒana Gupta, A.D. 589-618.
dkon mchog gsum 	SANST the three Ratna or Precious Ones.  The Buddhist triad are:- (1) sangs rgyas dkon mchog  Buddha most rare; (2) Dharma, called dam chos dkon mchog , the holy Doctrine most rare; (3) dge 'dun dkon mchog  body of priests most rare.  Colloq. the phrase is frequently used as an exclamation quite in the sense of our "God knows!"
dkon mchog gsum gyi 'bangs *	SANST (Schr.) lit. a servant of the three gems, i.e., a devout Buddhist; n. of an individual.
dkon gnyer 	= sku gnyer 3 a priest who is in charge of a Buddhist chapel or temple and performs the daily services to the deities contained in it.  The Sku gÒer is also called Am-chod: aam mchod dkon gnyer bskangs rgyun pa sogs phog thob char can| the priests and image-steward and others who continually officiate get the customary allowances (Rtsii.).
dkon po 	or dkon mo  rare, scarce; dear, precious.
dkon bu +	a wreath; me tog gi dkon bu  a flower wreath.
dkor +	= rdzas 3 SANST, dkor  is resp. for nor , substance, wealth, riches, property: dge 'dun gyi dkor  the property of the church or that of a monastic congregation; mthil dkor  foundation, endowments of a monastery; yang dkor  additional or occasional gifts for the support of a religious institution; sa dkor  landed endowments of a monastery or religious institution.
dkor bdag 	lit. the owner of property.  It generally signifies the spirit or demi-god who is supposed to be the custodian of the images of all Buddhist deities, scriptures, symbols; in short, of all church and sacerdotal properties.  In this sense the demon called Pehar rgyal-po of Samye is a Dkor-bdag or custodian of religious property.
dkor nor 	church property or general wealth: lhun grub longs  od dkor nor khyod la mnga'| (D.R.) you possess accumulated wealth and church-property.
dkor pa 	a treasurer (Cs.); one in charge of the endowments and properties of a temple or monastery.
dkor bla 	or dkor gyi bla  a lama who appropriates sacred property to himself (M.V. 66).
dkor ma 'bags 	not misappropriating the treasures, stores, etc., of the church: skom du chang gsol dge 'dun dkor ma 'bags| do not take wine for drink nor embezzle the property of the priesthood (Kathao. 115).
dkor mdzod 	is a general name for wealth or property and hence is frequently used to signify bang mdzod ka  treasury; treasure-chest (Oag. 5).
dkor rdzogs 	n. of a monastery in Southern Ladak, situated 16,000 feet above the sea level.
dkor zas +	= nor zas pa  spendthrift (Oag. 5).
dkor rigs 	SANST, SANST different properties belonging to a monastery.
dkol pa 	SANST struck by calamity; afflicted; one in suffering.
dkos thag +	= nyams thag 3  1. SANST suffering, affliction.  2. SANST exciting disgust.
dkyar 	any appliance for crossing snow or glaciers.  Stocking boots (Sch.).  The dkyar used by the Tibetans and the Sharpa Bhutias of Nepal in crossing glaciers is a light circular disk of wood about a foot in diameter, with four holes through which strings are passed to fasten it to the knee.  In climbing up and walking down the snowy sides of mountains, these boards are attached to the soles of felt boots and are of great assistance to the traveller, preventing the feet from sinking in the soft snow.
dkyil 	dbus  or mthil  SANST the middle, centre; SANST bottom, base; dkyil nas  from the middle or centre; from amidst; from the bottom; dkyil ma  the middle one; the central one; dkyil che ba  = khong sa yangs par  SANST, SANST with wide base; spacious interior; comprehensive understanding; also quick comprehension.
dkyil dkrungs 	SANST, SANST, SANST a cross-legged posture: dkyil mo dkrung bcas te  SANST sitting in a cross-legged posture for mystic meditation.
dkyil 'khor 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. circle; circumference; globe; disk:  zhal gyi dkyil 'khor  the disk of the face.  (SANST); the full or whole face.  2. especially used as the equivalent of the Sanskrit Mandala, the magic diagrams or figures formed of grain or other materials which are "offered" to deities in Tantrik Buddhist rites.  In Tantrik rites diagrams representing supposed mansions of certain celestial Bodhisattva and called dkyil 'khor  are traced on the ground or on paper.  The respective places assigned to the different minor deities are painted in different colours in the design, and the central place in the diagram is occupied by the tutelary deity himself, to whom the rest are subordinate.  3. region, sphere; surrounding; suburb.  According to the Buddhist cosmogony there are sa yi dkyil 'khor  the sphere of earth, chu yi dkyil 'khor  the sphere of water, the ocean, rlung gi dkyil 'khor  the atmosphere, me yi dkyil 'khor  the sphere of fire; each forming a stratum over the other.  The upper stratum, i.e., that which is beyond the atmosphere, is called the sphere of fire or light.
dkyil 'khor gru bzhi pa 	a quadrangle; square; a certain mystical figure; diagram or model.  The expression rten dang brten pa'i dkyil 'khor bstan pa  means the gods who constitute the rten  assembly in the Vimana or gzhal yas khang  i.e., superb mansion represented.
dkyil 'khor brgyad pa'i mdo 	is a description of the eight mansions of eight imaginary Buddhas (K. d. za 72).  Whoever utters the names of these Buddhas or hears the aphorisms about them is liberated from dangers caused by evil spirits, snakes, &c.  By remembering and repeating them, even brigands, not to speak of kings, are said to be able to make the weapons of their enemies ineffectual against themselves.
dkyil 'khor can 	SANST anything that has a circular and mystical figure on it; also any Tantrik deity placed to be worshipped on the plane of his fancied celestial mansion traced on the ground.
dkyil 'khor lding 	n. of the grand central temple of Buddha at Lhasa, popularly known as Kinkhording.
dkyil 'khor gsum 	SANST three cycles (of offerings): (1) rang bzhin dal gyi dbyings nas lhun gyi grub pa dang | the cycle of offerings for the Bon gods sprung out naturally in course of time; (2) ting nge 'dzin dkyil 'khor mkha' la yid kyis bsgom pa dang | the celestial mansion for contemplation formed in the sky (to imagine an aerial castle); (3) 'dus byas dkyil 'khor sa la rgyus gyis sbyar ba'o| the mansions of gods designed on the ground for placing the offerings to them (B. Nam.).
dkyu rta 	or dkyu ba'i rta  a race-horse.
dkyu pa 	in Ladak: to lose colour by washing; perhaps more correctly skyug pa .
dkyu ba +	= rgyu ba 3  1. to run a race; dkyu sar dkyus  = rgyug sar rgyugs  running a race; bang rgyugs  galloping: dper na rta rgyug sa la rgyugs pa| (Oag. 5) "for example running a race on horseback."  2. to wring out; to filter (Sch.).  3. to caper about (J‰.); dkyu bya'i rta  a race-horse.
dkyu sa 	a race-course, the race-ground (Cs.).
dkyud pa +	= brjed pa 3 to forget; brtse bas mi dkyud pa'i gsung bris| an affectionate letter to prevent one being forgotten or a letter which love will not forget (Yig. k. 37).
dkyus 	SANST  1. length; lengthwise.  2. untruth; also adj. untrue; spurious (J‰.).  3. bold, insolent (Sch.).  In lexicons it is synonymous with the term gzhung , meaning "lengthwise."  In weaving, the threads that are stretched lengthwise are called dkyus thag  (the woof) and those that pass them crosswise are called spun thag : de steng bzhugs khri pad gdan rdo rtsig dpangs la khru do mtho gang |dkyus la rgyugs 'dom gsum re| (S. kar. 134) upon that stood the throne constructed of stone, having a lotus cushion, in breadth two cubits and a span, in length three running fathoms.
dkyus dkar 	a porcelain cup of inferior quality; a common porcelain cup.
dkyus ja 	common or inferior tea.  Tea served to the public or to the congregation of monks in a monastery or in a religious service.
dkyus ma 	SANST common, vulgar, inferior; mi dkyus ma  an ordinary man; one who is neither an official nor a religious man (Oag. 5): dkyus rams nyag re 'bru  (Rtsii.) "indigo of inferior quality is valued at so much per nya ga  or lb."  dkyus btags  a scarf of ordinary quality; dkyus bur  treacle of inferior quality: dkyus bur sgar tshugs rer  "coarse treacle for each thick lump" (Rtsii.).  (EEE The original has "kyus bur  treacle of inferior quality".  The transliteration in that case gives "dkyus-bur and since dkyus bur  is correct the typographical error has been corrected.)
dkyus mo 	= mgyogs pa 3 quickly, swiftly.
dkyus tshad 	the dimensions of anything when measured lengthwise.
dkyus ring 	= 'khrun ring 3 SANST, SANST spacious; large; long.
dkyel +	= klong 3 the compass, extent, bulk of anything: nam mkha'i dkyel  the compass of the heavens: rgya mtsho'i dkyel  the stretch of sea: dkyel che  = dkyel che ba  spacious; of wide capacity (Oag. 5).
dkyel po che 	acc. to Sch. is the Universe; defined as khang yangs pa  the wide house (Lex.).
dkyor 'byin 	SANST capable of being thrown down; impelled or driven on; also capable of being felled down.
dkram ko 'thug pa 	=  i rtol che ba   1. SANST transgression.  2. adj. very impudent: impertinent.
bkras ljongs 	abbr. of bkra shis ljongs  (Tashi jong), n. of a district under Lhun-grub Rdsoo in Tibet.
dkri 	(ti) SANST anything to wrap with; a tie; kha dkri  a cloth to tie round the face or cover the mouth; muffler; shog dkri  vb., wrapping or winding up with paper; paper-wrapping; an envelope (Yig. k. 2).
dkri ba 	+ I: (ti-wa) in old Tibetan, to conduct one's pupil from one stage of learning to another stage; pf. dkris  vb. a. (cf. 'khri ba 3) in modern Tibetan; to wind; to wrap round about; dkri ba po  = dkri bar byed mkhan  one who wraps up; gos sogs dkri bar byed pa  to fold up clothes, etc.  II: dkri ba snyegs pa lta bu  a snare, anything to entangle with; vb., to ensnare.
dkrig 	(tig) personally: dkrig bcar zhu spobs ma ded kyang  is same as ngo ma yong nas zhu thag ma chod kyang  not having come personally, cannot reply or say decidedly.
dkrigs 	I: SANST, SANST a term for a thousand billions.  The term dkrigs phrag chen po  or dkrigs chen po  SANST or SANST is used for a still larger number.  II: = 'thibs 3 dense; thickly-gathered: sprin dkrigs  (Oag. 5) : = sprin 'thibs pa  gathering or condensing of clouds; also vb. darkened, obscured, dim, diffused: so yi 'od zer mdun dkrigs pas  (A. K. ii. 47) the flashing of his teeth bewildered them; dkrigs par 'gyur par  grown dim; dkrigs par byed par  to obscure.
dkris gyur 	(ti-gyur) SANST surrounded, encircled, encompassed: dpal gyis dkris gyur  SANST encircled with glory.
dkris pa 	SANST  1. to surround, encircle, ensnare.  2. = bcings pa  SANST to lie round; to wind up (Moon.): ser snas kun nas dkris  quite ensnared in avarice (J‰.).
dkris phrag 	n. of a large number (Oag. 5).
dkru ba 	(tu-wa) = dri ma 3 SANST, SANST abomination, pollution; also dirt, filth (Lexx.).
dkrug pa 	(tug-pa) = glong ba  SANST to disturb, to put in motion; the act of troubling, agitating, churning; to turn; to turn a lathe.
dkrugs pa 	= bsrubs pa  SANST, SANST, SANST stirred up, agitated, troubled, ruffled, disturbed, confused; churned; turned (as in a lathe); confounded: dpe cha dkrugs  the leaves of a book are confused or mixed up together; bag chags kyis dkrugs pa'i sems  a mind troubled with passion; rlung gis dkrugs pa'i chu  water agitated by the wind.
dkrugs pa po 	a confounder: phan tshun dkrugs par byed mkhan gyi mi de la dkrugs pa po zer| the man who causes confusion afar off and nigh is called tug-pa-po.
dkrugs yig 	bod kyi yig rigs zhig gi ming  a kind of character used in Tibet which is puzzling.
dkrum pa 	(tum-pa) brittle; defined in Lexx. as dkar yol lta bu snod chag pa  breaking in the manner a porcelain vessel does.
dkre +	(te) pho mtshan gyi tog  SANST the glans penis.
dkrog pa 	(tog-pa) = dkrug pa 3  1. to churn; to agitate, mingle, trouble, &c: zho dkrog pa  churning curds (for butter).  2. to rouse, scar up; to wag, e.g., the tail (J‰.).  Also = dkrogs pa , 'o ma dkrogs pa  to churn milk; acc. to Oag. is equivalent to sngogs pa .
dkrogs skyes 	(lit. anything produced from churning) butter (Moon.).
dkrogs pa po 	= dkrogs par byed mkhan  one who churns.
dkrogs ma 	v. srabs ma  the churning rod; also said to = whey (Moon.).  (EEE srabs ma  does not appear elsewhere in the dictionary and is probably a mistake for srubs ma 3 q.v.)
dkrong bskyed 	(tong-ke) SANST of instantaneous birth; instantaneous perception.  Acc. to Lex. in meditating on a certain deity, the act of perceiving him to be a reality instantaneously is called dkrong bskyed .
dkrol 	SANST; pf. and fut. of 'khrol : dkrol ba po  is defined as "one who causes music to sound or be sounded."
bkag 	I: bkag in bkag langs  the lid or cover of a trunk; the sides of a Tibetan leather-trunk.  Defined in Rtsii. as mdun gYas gYon gyi ko ba leb gnyis po la  both the flat pieces of leather which are at the back and front on the right and left of a trunk.  II: SANST, SANST; pf. of 'gegs pa , obstructed, opposed; also prohibition, obstruction, hindrance.
bkag skor med pa 	= 'gor gzhi med pa  without delay, as in sending anything; also without let or hindrance; bkag bgegs rgyas 'gebs  not permissible and permissible, not fit and fit, unbecoming and becoming.
bkag cha byed pa 	to forbid; to put a hindrance (Sch.).
bkag sdom 	prohibition; prohibiting one from passing by a road or from entering any garden or place.
bkag mo khegs pa 	not to be observant; to transgress, to trespass.
bkang 	acc. to Rdo. 46, pf. of dgang ba  SANST, filled to the brim; full to the brim as in the case of a water pot; snod bkang ba  a vessel filled up; gzhu bkang ba  a bow with an arrow ready to shoot; 'dod pa bkang ba  wish fulfilled.  Acc. to J‰. pf. of 'gengs pa , to fill, make full; and used in W. instead of 'gengs pa .
bkad 	1. set or placed in order; arrangement: mgo 'dzugs pa  same as mgo bkad mgo spu'i rim pa'am gral la'ang |thags kyi snal ma phar 'gro'i dus kyi spun 'gro ba de dang |btags tshar ba'i snam bu'i spun gyi rjes 'bur 'bur yod pa'i ming la yang thags kyi bkad zer| (Oag.) the order or row (of plaits) in the hair of the head, the cross-wise thread in the web of a cloth, also the ridge in the cross-wise texture of a blanket, are called the bkad of weaving.
bkad nas 	having described; represented in any manner.
bkad sa 	zas kyi gYos sa  (Oag.)  1. the place where barley, corn. &c., are parched; a bake-house, kitchen, cook's shop (Cs.).  2. acc. to Oag. + bkad sa ni rang sdod sa  one's own home or residence.  3. open hall or shed erected on festive occasions (J‰.).
bkan pa 	1. to uproot or turn up anything by applying a stick at its foot or root.  2. to bend: lus gyen du bkan  (Oag.) the body bent backwards: lag pa bkan  to stretch the arm bending it upwards to pull anything.  3. yar lugs ldog tu brtsis pa la yang bkan zer| counting up and then backwards is called yang-bkan (S. del).  It is also applied to counting from right to left (Vai. kar.).  4. to put; to press; to apply (J‰.): rkang pa rtsig pa la bkan pa  to press one's foot against a wall.  5. to hold fast; to extend (Cs.).
bkab pa 	pf. of 'gebs pa 3 = 3bcad pa 3 SANST, SANST, to cover; to spread over.
bkab 	bkab  a cover; a shelter.  Syn. khebs ; gYogs ; byibs  (Moon.).
bkam pa 	pincers or nippers: bkam pa brgyab pa  to hold or cut with pincers.
bka' 	I: (Vai. kar. 60) n. of a tribe in Tibet.  II: SANST (A. K. XXVI), SANST, SANST primarily means simply "word" or "speech"; but being the honorific form it usually implies an order or command.  When used of a sacred personage it means his advice or precepts as well as his authoritative words, e.g., bla ma'i bka'  the lama's injunction; rgyal po'i bka'  the king's command; dpon po'i bka'  the order of the chief.  III: also signifies, especially, the enunciations and pronouncements which have issued from the Buddha.  They are said to be of three kinds; so sangs rgyas kyi bka'  has three divisions:- (1) zhal nas gsungs pa  precepts delivered by the Buddha personally. (2) byin gyis brlabs pa  those conveyed through the attendant Bodhisattva and Sravaka, such as Subhuti, Sariputra, &c., under inspiration from Buddha or by his sanction expressed or implied or revealed in such works as lha'i ljon shing  the celestial tree; rnga bo che mdo  the great drum sutra.  The precepts under this head are sub-divided into- (1) sku'i byin brlabs  the personal blessings (of the Buddha), also the blessings received from his enchanted image; (2) gsung gi byin brlabs  the blessings derived from his teachings; (3) thugs kyi byin brlabs  the blessings of the spirit.  This last again is sub-divided into the following:- (1) thugs ting nge 'dzin gyis byin brlabs pa  the blessings of a contemplative heart as in the work called shes rab snying po ; (2) thugs thugs rjes byin gyis brlabs pa  the grace of the spirit, as in gnod sbyin la sogs pas smras pa'i sngags , the Mantras uttered by Noijin and other goblins; (3) thugs bden pa'i stobs kyis byin brlabs pa  the blessings inherent in a truthful spirit or mind. (3) rjes su gnang ba  anything reproduced from memory by the successors of the Buddha under inspiration from him at the Buddhist convocation (J. Zao.).  Syn. lung ; nges par bstan pa ; nye bar bstan pa ; gdams pa ; rjes su bstan pa ; rjes su gnang ba ; nye bar gnang ba ; bka' lung  (Moon.).
bka' bkod pa 	to publish, proclaim; also publication, proclamation.
bka' bkyon 	according to Oag. implies blaming; a verbal blow, reprimand, rebuke (given by a superior) (J‰.).
bka' bkrol 	(ka-tol) leave of absence.
bka' skor med pa 	= 'gor gzhi med par  without delay.
bka' khol 	gal che ba'i bka'  very important order (Yig. 4): bka' chem bka' khol ma  the most important will of King srong btsan sgam po .  This document having been discovered within one of the great pillars of Kinkhording temple in Lhasa is generally known by the name bka' chem ka khol ma .
bka' 'khor 	divided into nao-hkor domestic servants; bran-gyog servants, menials; phyi-hkhor attendants; bka' 'khor bran gYog  those who wait for orders; attendants; drung 'khor  official clerks; also private secretaries and personal assistants of a high official; attendants in general.
bka' khyab 	a decree, manifesto, edict; a general order.
bka' khrims 	a law, commandment; bka' khrims btsan po  strict justice; severe punishment: rgyal po'i bka' khrims gnyan pas  by the cruel order of the king (J‰.).
bka' khrims pa 	a lawyer; a magistrate.
bka' gros 	(ka-doi) a conference, consultation; bka' gros byed  SANST makes consultation; gives advice or counsel; gives instructions; bka' gros byed pa  to give advice (J‰.).
bka' gros pa 	(ka-doi-pa) a counsellor; senator.
bka' bgro ba 	SANST debating; considering; taking measures for: nang blon bcu dang bka' zhib tu bgros pa la  deliberating carefully with the ten confidential ministers.
bka' 'grol ba 	to dismiss; dissolve a meeting or a conference.
bka' glegs 	= phyag bris 3 or 3bka' shog 3 a letter; an autograph: mgron gnyer mdun sngar srol bzang po'i rgyun bzhin bka' glegs gnang rten bcas gnang ba bka' drin che| "great many thanks for the gracious letter with enclosures sent by the DonÒer according to the good customs" (Yig. k. 12).
bka' 'gyur 	is generally taken as a synonym for "the instructions and precepts of Buddha," and means literally "that which has become a command."  This term is in fact the title of the great collection of the religious Buddhist writings (mostly, but not all, translated from Sanskrit into Tibetan) knows as the Kahgyur.  The Kahgyur is divided into seven series of books containing several hundred treatises, and consists properly of 108 volumes, though editions in 100, 102, and 104 volumes are also current.
bka' rgya bcug pa 	issuing of an official order; also the accumulation of gold, silver, and grain in a Government treasury.
bka' rgya ma 	SANST, SANST in Hind. Para-wana.  1. public order, permit, missive, communication, &c.  2. bka' rgya ma ni bka' gsang ba can  (Lex.) in mysticism a secret precept; occult communication which is made only to the trusted few.
bka' rgyud 	I: succession or descent of the dogmatic principles of Buddha.  The principal school of Tantrik Lamaism originating from Naro Pan-chen of Magadha and alleged by Milaraspa to have been introduced by Mar-pa Lo-tsa-wa in Tibet in the beginning of the 11th century A.D.  Its different sects or branches are the following:- krma bka' rgyud , dge ldan bka' rgyud ,  ags po bka' rgyud , 'bri gung bka' rgyud , bka' rgyud , shangs pa bka' rgyud .  II: bka' yi rgyud , i.e., the line or thread of the word i.e., the oral tradition of the word of Buddha which is supposed to have been delivered through a continued chain of teachers and disciples apart from the written scriptures.
bka' rgyud bstan pa'i gsal byed 	(lit. the illuminator of the doctrine of Kahgyud School) a general designation of the chief lamas of the Bkah-rgyud-pa sect (Yig. k. 67).
bka' rgyud rnam rgyal 	the Bkah-rgyud, Chief Lama whom the Mongol Chief Gushi Khan dethroned after overthrowing the power of Sde-pa Gtsao-pa the ruler of Tsang and ‹ in 1643 A.D. (Loo. 13).
bka' sgy ur 	admonition and reprehension; bka' sgy ur gnang ba  to issue an order; to admonish; bka' sgy ur ba  to translate the words of Buddha, &c.
bka' sgy ur btang ba 	to instruct a subordinate in a rough pointed manner, cautioning him against his faults; to counsel against wrong practices.
bka' sgrog pa 	to publish an order; to proclaim or read an order or edict.
bka' bsgo 	SANST  1. exhortation to the deity.  When any one falls ill either naturally or from the supposed malignity of an evil spirit, he goes to a lama or a Tantrik priest and begs of him for a bkah bsgoópermission to invoke the deity.  The lama touches the patient's head with the consecrated sceptre called Dorje (vajra), with the sacred dagger called the phurbu, a string of beads, an image of a Buddha or a deity or a holy book, and repeating some charms exhorts the deity to be propitious to the patient.  Those who do not actually suffer from any kind of illness also ask for such protective religious measures.  2. commandment; precept (J‰.).
bka' bsgos 	is pf. of bka' bsgo , a sentence passed.
bka' mngags pa 	= ngag gtam byed pa  to send a verbal message; to give a reply.
bka' bcu 	also bka' bcu pa , one who has observed the ten commandments of Buddha.  The title of Bkah-bcu is given to a Buddhist monk-scholar who has passed all preliminary examinations for a religious degree.  There are two classes of bka' bcu óthose of gleo-bsres and gsao-phu: a bka' bcu  of Tashi-lhunpo monastery is called Bkah-chen on account of his superior prestige in religious study and practice.
bka' gcog pa 	to act against an order; to disregard an express order or command: yab kyi bka' bcag tu med  the order of (one's father must not be disregarded) (J‰.).
bka' bcos 	an abbreviation of bka' 'gyur dang bstan bcos  or the two great collections of Buddhist writings.
bka' chems 	= zhal chems  resp. for kha chems  a great man's last will; a royal testament or will: bka' chems ka khol ma zer sogs las| in the work called Bkah-chems ka-khol-ma, etc. (J. Zao.).
bka' mchid +	= bka' lan  or gsung grogs  a command in reply resp., but also word or speech of a superior person.  The term likewise signifies a conference, debate, &c.: bka' mchid ji lta bu mdzad  what conversation did he hold?  bka' mchid dam pa bdud rtsi gsung du gsol| "pray, let the nectar of pious conversation be uttered!"
bka' nyan 	1. obedient; dutiful; submissive; observant of command.  2. one's tutelary deity is also called his bkah-Òan, because he carries out his protÈgÈ's behest; bka' nyan ci bgyi  = bran gYog  service; doing service (Moon.).
bka' nyan pa 	to obey; be obedient; bka' mi nyan pa  to disobey; bka' nyams su len mkhan  an observer of orders or precepts.
bka' gnyan 	the cruel commander; acc. to Lex. btsan pa'i sa bdag , "the mighty lord of the soil," is said to be a pre-Buddhist deity (J‰.).
bka' gnyan po 	1.  severe retribution from guardian deities for defects in worshipping them; also the injury they do their devotees for impropriety in their conduct or language.  2. damnation into which both a teacher and his pupil fall for disclosure of secrets of their doctrine without authority.
bka' gnyan brjid 	a weighty command or injunction.
bka' btags +	= khrims bsgrags pa   1. a proclaimed order: khrims bsgrags pa  is also colloq. called bkar btags .  2. SANST one versed in drawing omens; an astrologer (bka' gtogs pa ) (M.V. 61).
bka' rtags 	mark seal; precept; maxim (Cs.): bka' rtags  = phyag dam 3 (Yig. k. 27).
bka' stod 	a subaltern; agent (Sch.).
bka' thang 	= bka' lung  order; edict (J‰.); written order; command; commandment; precept (Cs.).
bka' tham 	= phyag dam  or dam phrug , seal; chief seal: bka' tham rin po che gnang rten gsung mdud phur 'byor  received the letter containing the chief seal of the Grand Lama and enclosing a scarf with charmed knots (Yig. k. 75).
bka' drag po phab pa 	to command sharply, hastily or severely (Sch.); to issue an ultimatum.
bka' drin 	resp. for drin  SANST, a favour, kindness, grace, boon: bla ma'i bka' drin gyis  through the kindness of the lama.
bka' drin can 	= byams pa dang ldan pa  kind; gracious; benevolent (Moon.).
bka' drin che 	very gracious; (you are) very kind; the usual phrase for our "thank you," in acknowledgment of a kindness or favourócommon in letters, &c.
bka' drin che zhus pa 	to say it is an act of great kindness; to acknowledge kindness; to thank.
bka' drin rjes su dran pa 	to remember a benefit or kindness received.
bka' drin snying dpyangs 	to bear in mind or remember the kindness obtained of another person.
bka' drin mdzad pa 	to bestow a favour; to show kindness.
bka' drin gsum ldan 	possessed of or making use of the three graces or courtesies, viz.: (1) rig pa bslab pa  teaching of the sciences; (2) mdo rgyud bstan pa  explaining the aphorisms and the Tantra; (3) dbang bskur byin rlabs byed pa  blessing and ordaining.
bka' drin gsol ba 	to thank; to be grateful for favours.
bka' drung 	a secretary of state.
bka' gdams 	an advice; counsel; instruction from a high official.
bka' gdams pa 	1. an adviser (Sch.).  2. the reformed Buddhist school of Tibet founded by 'brom ston pa rgyal ba'i 'byung gnas , the chief disciple of Atisha.  It was divided into two stages: bka' gdams rnying  or bka' gdams gong ma  the earlier school from Bromston to Tsongkhapa, and bka' gdams gsar pa  or the modern school, said to be identical with that now called Gelug-pa, dating from Tsongkha-pa downwards.  The earlier Bkah-gdams-pa were distinguished for their elaborate ritual and for their power of propitiating deities.  The members of the later Bkah-gdams-pa have been remarkable for scholarship and linguistic erudition.
bka' gdams pho brang 	the palace where the Grand Lama of Tashi-lhun-po resides.
bka' mda' 	a contraction for bka' blon dang mda' dpon , minister and general (Yig. k. 52).
bka' 'dus chos kyi rgya mtsho 	a kind of ritualistic observance of the Rdsogs-chen sect of the RÒio-ma Buddhist School in which a particular deity with his followers is depicted.
bka' 'dogs pa 	to make into law; to proclaim; a proclamation (J‰.).
bka' 'doms 	= bka' ston pa  or bshad pa  instruction; order.
bka' sdod 	also, written as bka' bstod , one waiting for orders; an attendant on a superior; an aide-de-camp; one's guardian deity is also called by this epithet: bka' sdod gshin rje gshed kyi sgrub pa po| (A. 13) "he who has propitiated the lord of death to serve him as his attendant spirit."
bka' bsdu ba 	collection of the doctrine (J‰.); synopsis of the scriptures at the grand Buddhist convocations; also the convocations where the precepts of Buddha were promulgamated.
bka' gnang ba 	vb., to order, command, grant, permit; an order; permission: nged bod kyi rgyal po'i btsun mo la bka' gnang bar zhu  I beg you will give her as a consort to our King of Tibet (J‰.).
bka' gnam	= ka gnam  a district in the east of Kong-bu; also n. of a district of Ngari Khorsum in western Tibet.
bka' phebs 	a great man's order.
bka' phrin 	(ka-tin) a message.
bka' 'phrin 	letter of command: bka' 'phrin bkod pa  to write or issue a letter containing instructions.
bka' babs 	I: an injunction; a direction.  II: the fulfillment of a commission; also the lama or saint who is commissioned with some high duty.  When a lama at the command of his spiritual instructor fulfils what was entrusted to him, he is said to be a bkah-babs.
bka' babs bdun 	n. of a historical work on later Indian Buddhism by Lama Taranatha.
bka' babs bzhi 	the four commissioned ones (see bka' babs 3).
bka' bam 	= bka' shog  order; diploma: bka' bam ngo bshus yig chung sring don| the object of sending the autograph letter (Rtsii.).
bka' bris 	resp. bka' shog , a letter; a written authority, generally in autograph: mgron gnyer mdun bka' bris gnang rten bcas stsal phebs bka' drin gyi dpal du che| it is very gracious of you to favour me with your autograph and enclosure presented by the hand of the Don nyer (Yig. k. 14).
bka' dbang 	= blon po  a minister (Moon.).
bka' 'bab pa 	the going forth of an order or edict (Schr.).
bka' 'bum 	the hundred thousand precepts; n. of a religious work.
bka' blo bde ba 	= bka' blo go ba ; ci byas la nyan pa  (Oag.)  1. attentive; executing an instruction or order with attention; one who is cheerful at heart owing to his attention to byang chub sems .  2. one who easily understands what he is ordered to do; one who appreciates his superior's instruction.  3. SANST speaking well; eloquent; bka' blo mi bde ba  SANST one whose expression or delivery is not good.
bka' blon 	or bka' yi blon po , the name given to the four Cabinet Ministers who assist the Gyal-tshab or Regent in the administration of the Government of Tibet during the minority of the Grand Lama of Lhasa.  The four Kalˆn must be laymen and are often military officers.  Popularly they are styled ShapÈ (zhabs pad ): bka' blon gzims shag  the residence of a bkah-blon.
bka' blon drung 'khor 	the official staff of a Kalˆn.
bka' blon bzhi 	(particularly) the four ministers whom the 4th Manchu Emperor K'ien-lung (in Tibetan called Lha-skyoo protected of Heaven) appointed to conduct the state affairs of Tibet.  They were kun dga' bzhi no yon , tshe ring dbang rgyal  of Gyao Roo, thon pa , and rtse drung  of Po-ta-la.  These four governed the country for twenty-seven years from the year of the iron-sheep (Loo. 16).
bka' blon gsum 	the three ministers who conducted the Government of Tibet from the year of the fire-horse to the middle of the year of the earth-ape.  Their names were:- bka' blon lum pa ba , bka' blon nga phod pa  of Koo-bu, and bka' blon sbyar ra ba .
bka' ma 	= dgongs gter  spiritual or intellectual heir-loom.  This is a philosophical term of the RÒio-ma School, meaning the descent of the bkah (Buddha's word) in an unbroken succession or without being kept concealed for a period.  One who has received such a succession, or any scripture that has come down to him in such a manner.
bka' mang thim pa 	to contain many precepts or commands; one on whom there are instructions or commissions to perform.
bka' gtsang ma 	one whose morals are pure; one who has preserved his vows.
bka' stsol ba 	pf. stsal, to speak; to say (where an honoured person is the spokesman); according to circumstances, to command, ask, beg, relate, answer, &c., especially in ancient literature, in which it is almost invariably used of Buddha and of kings speaking.
bka' tshogs 	= bka' lan  or gsung lan  a reply in the way of instruction: nang ma'i bka' tshogs kyang gser ldan ma'i rgyun bzhin yod pa mkhyin| "pray favour me with replies on internal affairs (uninterruptedly) like the flow of the river of gold" (Yig. k. 15.).
bka' 'dzin 	letter of authority or commission from Government (issued to one who is on the move or who is to exercise some kind of power over the people) to afford facilities for travelling or for carrying out a mission: mi nges pa'i khrims byung dang shugs byung tshur phul la bka' 'dzin blangs| (Rtsii.) a commission was issued to despatch hither a man who would frame settled laws and shew energy.
bka' bzhin byed pa 	to do according to order; doing; ordered: bka' bzhin nyan pa  to be obedient; a faithful servant.
bka' rab 'byams pa 	a doctor of divinity among the monastic scholars of Tibet; one who has acquired the highest proficiency in the Buddhist sacred literature and is of pure morals.
bka' rams pa 	one who has passed the highest examination in Buddhist metaphysics; one who has reached the highest of the 13 classes in the Mtshan-Òid grva-tshao, the metaphysical school in the great monastic establishments of Tibet.
bka' la rtsi ba 	to give heed to or attend to an instruction or precept; to listen to any advice.
bka' lung 	an order; a precept: bka' lung gnang ba  to command or give orders; to issue an injunction.
bka' log 	= grwa log  (ta-log) one who has given up his religious vows; a Buddhist monk turned out of his monastery for misconduct.  In Khams he is called bkah-log; in Middle Tibet ta-log.
bka' shag 	the court or council house of the four kalˆn or ministers of Lhasa: bka' rgya ba 'gro mi rnams la bka' shag nas deb sprod skabs rtsis khang nas kyang brda' 'phrod byas| when the warrant officer registers the document at the court of kalˆn he should also verify it at the Account office (Rtsii.).
bka' shog 	any writing of authority from a superior; decree; diploma; passport; official paper or letter; bka' shog rdzun ma  a fabricated authority; spurious writing or deed; bka' shog rim skyel  to circulate a passport or an official order; serial letters sent one after another.
bka' gsal 	= bka' lon  order; official message: bka' gsal rim bstud mdzad pa  to send a message or express order one after another.
bka'i rnga bo che 	proclamation by the beat of drum (Yig. k. 18).
bka'i cod pan 	an instruction or precept to be received with perfect obedience; to value or honour an order; a command carried out with the same respect as that with which a man carries his own head-dress.
bka'i mdun blon 	resp. blon po  minister: gus chung bka'i mdun blon gyi ming 'dzin bdag dang las bya ser skya gYog 'khor bcas khams snyoms  my humble self bearing the title of state minister together with the circle of attendants, both lay and clerical officials, are in good health (Yig. k. 6).
bkar 	or bkar pa  according to the law; to legalize; to make it into law (Cs.); to proclaim, publish; (J‰.); bkar btogs pa  SANST to publish; publication: bkar  for bka' ru .
bkar ba +	1. pf. of vb. dgar ba .  so sor phye ba'i don  to separate, put aside, select, banish: gnas nas bkar pa  banished from his place.  2. to ask any question captiously; to make a peevish enquiry.
bkal ba 	pf. of 'gel ba , but in W. is the primary form of the verb meaning load; to burden; put a load on (Cs.): bal bka' ba  to load wool: khal bkal ba  to load a beast of burden, &c.: khral bkal ba  to levy a tax.  2. pf. of 'khal ba  to spin; sgrims pa  spun; twisted (Oag. 5).
bkal thags 	a kind of stuff made of coarse goat-hair about nine inches in width: ra spu nyag lnga re la bkal thags byas par| with every five pounds of goat's hair to weave one blanket (Rtsii.).
bkas 	contraction bka' yis  instr. of bka' .
bkas pa 	= ser kha   1. crack, split, cleft.  2. pf. of 'ges pa 3.
bku ba 	1. elixir, quintessence (Cs.); snan bku  medicinal extract.  2. with pf. bkus pa  to make extract of a drug by drawing out the juice (Lex.); mar bku  melted butter; bku ba 'byin pa  to extract the spirit of; bku phyung  spirit extracted (Cs.); snan bkus te bor ba  to extract medicine by infusion.
bkug pa 	pf. of 'gugs pa  SANST, mdun du bkug pa , drawn or pulled forward; bkug shog  summons (Yig. 7).
bkum pa 	pf. of 'gum pa , but pres. in W. and according to Lex. fut. bkum , pf. bkums pa , to kill, to destroy; mtshams bkum par bgyi'o  to cut off the edge; fix a boundary to.
bkur sti 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST honour, respect, homage; mark of honour; respectful reception (by asking one to sit on a seat of honour); bkur sti mchod pa  to distinguish (a person) by marks of respect (Zam.); rang la bkur sti 'byung dus  when honour is shewn to (one's self) yourself (J‰.); bkur stsis dregs  sense of honour; self-respect: mi chen po rnams la bkur stis dregs pa yod| great men have the sense of dignity.  Syn. mchod pa ; rim gro ; bsnyen bkur ; ri mor byas ; zhabs tog ; zhabs 'bring ; bkur ba ; nye bar gnas ; nye bar  od ; rjed pa  (Moon.).
bkur ba 	I: = mchod pa   1. to pay homage or reverence; to esteem.  mang pos bkur ba'i rgyal po  SANST literally "the king honoured of many" was the name of the first king of the world according to the Buddhist legendary account.  2. to carry; to fetch; to convey in W. being also pf. of 'khur ba ; gong du bkur ba  to carry upward.  II: = nyes pa , gnong mi bkur ba  = khas mi len pa  SANST to slander; to blaspheme; not to accept as true or correct (Lish. kha 4).
bkur bar byed pa 	the act of respecting; to do honour; frq. to make reverence, to salute.
bkur tshig 	= bstod pa'i tshig  words or expressions of honour, some of which are:- bsngags 'os ; bsngags pa brjod ; stob smra ; mchod tshig ; mtho bar bya ; stod pa smra ; che brjod ; mchog gyur ; phul byung ; rmad byung ; legs brjod ; legs smra ; bzengs bstod pa ; shin tu bzang  (Moon.).
bkur 'os 	worthy of respect; respectable.
bkog pa 	pf. of 'gog pa 3.
bkong ba 	pf. of 'gong ba .  When bkong  is joined with spa  to form the compound word spa bkong  it means sdegs ba  threat, menace.
bkod 	= bskos 3 to appoint; to raise to the throne.
bkod pa 	v. 'god pa 3 SANST, SANST, SANST  1. sbst. gral  or spras pa  arrangement; bkod lugs  order or arrangement; method of arranging; applied to mind, as in sems la bkod  the meaning is meditation, SANST, SANST.  2. vb. = to build, arrange, plan, &c.
bkod pa mtha' yas 	SANST of boundless or infinite design; the universe; n. of a great Bodhisattva.
bkod pa'i gtsug gtor 	= rig pa'i rgyal po  the prince of learning; science.
bkod 'doms 	= bkod ston pa  (Yig. k. 23).
bkod blta 	(colloq. bkob lta ) the plan of an undertaking; design; plot.
bkod ldan 	= zla ba bcu gcig pa  or dgun zla 'bring po  the eleventh month of the Tibetan year, sometimes corresponding with January (Rtsii.).
bkon pa 	pf. of 'khon pa .
bkor 'dre 	seems to be a kind of goblin (J‰.).
bkol  od 	n. of a torment; torture from being boiled in water or oil: byol song bkol  od kyi sdug bsngal  the sufferings of the damned through the torture of being boiled.
bkol ba 	occasionally pf. of 'khol ba , to boil; usually indicates 'khol ba  to bind to service; to employ; snod  ad bkol ba  a boiling vessel; gYog tu bkol ba  to take into service; zur tu bkol ba  to set aside; to keep out.
bkyal ba 	1. to talk nonsense (J‰.).  2. ngag 'chal ba  to rave in speech; to talk nonsense: bkyal ba'i ngag  SANST, SANST, v. kyal ka 3.
bkyig pa 	in the colloq. of Tsang = 'khyig pa  to tie (by a rope); bkyigs  = bcings pa  bound, tied, fastened (Moon.).
bkye ba 	pf. and fut. of 'gyed pa , but in W. is used as the only form of the verb = to send, despatch; to cause to come forth: pho nya bkye  despatched an envoy: 'od bkye  sent forth rays: sprul pa bkye  caused a form to emanate: ston mo bkye  made an exhibition of.
bkyed pa 	pf. to bend back; recline (vb. n.).
bkyon pa 	= rdung ba  to beat (J‰.); bka' bkyon pa  resp. to chastise with words, to scold (J‰.).  Schtr. mentions bkyon bkyal ba  chiding.
bkra ba 	(ta-wa) cog. to khra bo  SANST, SANST variegated; beautiful, blooming (of complexion); glossy, well-fed (of animals); bkra chen  SANST a great painting; bkra bar 'dzin pa  SANST a painter: bkra ba'i ri mo can  with variegated figures; paintings: bkra ba'i 'od dpag can  SANST a radiant or illuminated zone or halo: bkra yar  SANST, SANST variegated; with shades of colour.
bkra ba'i skad 'byin 	n. of the bird called Garghoogata; bya gar Mong ga ta'i ming | (Moon.).
bkra byed 	= ri mo mkhan  a painter (Moon.).
bkra zhing dmar 	parti-coloured; on a red ground.
bkra lam me 	= khra lam me  glaring; in glare; thang kha bkram pa lta bu'i mdzes pa la bkra lam me 'dug zer| the beauty or effect produced by variegated colours as in a painting; the illumination of colours as set forth in a rainbow; hence splendour.
bkra shis 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST prosperity; blessing; good luck: 'bangs rnams la bkra shis shog good fortune to my people! may they prosper!  bkra shis kyi chu  holy-water; consecrated water; consecrated water or consecrating water; bkra shis kyi mal  auspicious bed; nuptial bed (Cs.); bkra shis kyi tshig  words of blessing; benediction; bkra shis kyi gso sbyong  SANST auspicious fasting; bkra shis srung ba'i go cha  instruments used for insuring luck; sacrificial ceremony by which blessings are to be drawn down (J‰.); bkra shis pa  propitious; lucky; bkra shis pa'i ltas  good omens; lucky signs; bkra shis pa'i rtags  lucky configurations or semblances; happy omens; bkra shis ma  SANST n. of a goddess; the goddess of glory (J‰.); bkra mi shis  misfortune; calamity; bkra mi shis pa  calamity; adj. wretched; unlucky.
bkra shis gling 	n. of a place in Khams (Loo. za 25).
bkra shis brgyad pa'i mdo 	n. of a short sutra in K. d. za 76 which contains the names of eight Buddhas.  Whoever recites it and meditates on the perfections acquired by the Buddhas escapes from the dangers of evil spirits and demons.  Such a devotee can easily have admission into the courts of kings and address the highest authorities without let or hindrance.  Remembrance of this effusion is believed to be a safeguard against bad dreams and also mishaps or accidents in war, and in repelling offensive weapons.
bkra shis sgo mang 	n. of a monastery in Amdo.
bkra shis can 	SANST n. of an incense (Moon.).
bkra shis chos rdzong 	the summer seat of the Government of Bhutan where the Dharma Raja resides.  It is ordinarily called Tassisudon on English maps.
bkra shis brjod pa 	SANST auspicious expression; a benediction.
bkra shis rtags brgyad 	the eight auspicious signs or emblems, viz.:- (1) rin chen gdugs  SANST the precious or jewelled umbrella; (2) gser gyi nya  SANST the golden fish; (3) gter chen po'i bum pa  SANST the pot of treasures; (4) pad ma bzang po  SANST the excellent lotus; (5) dung dkar gYas 'khyil  SANST the white conch-shell with whorls turning to the right; (6) dpal gyi be'u SANST the auspicious mark represented by a curled noose emblematical of love; (7) mchog gi rgyal mtshan  SANST the chief standard of victory, i.e., the emblem of royalty; (8) gser gyi 'khor lo  SANST the golden wheel.
bkra shis rtags can 	possessed of auspicious marks: lag pa bkra shis rtags can snum pa ni| bu dang nor rnams thob par byed pa yin| a glossy hand possessing auspicious lines will cause one to obtain both a son and wealth (K. d. go 217).
bkra shis dung 	= dung dkar gYas 'khyil  SANST a conch shell with its whorls turning to the right instead of to the left (Moon.).  Syn. dung mchog ; skye ba lnga pa ; rgyal po 'khyil ba  SANST (Moon.).
bkra shis ldan 	SANST, SANST auspicious; lucky.
bkra shis pa'i rdzas 	SANST, SANST, SANST lucky articles.
bkra shis pa'i yi ge 	n. of a kind of (mystic) writing which is considered auspicious.
bkra shis par gyur cig 	SANST may you enjoy prosperity.
bkra shis byed ma 	= rig pa'i rgyal mo  n. of a goddess (K. g. da 112).
bkra shis bla ma 	1. Tashi Lama, the name by which the Panchhen Lama of Tashilhun-po is known in India and Europe.  2. a lama priest who officiates at a marriage ceremony in Sikkim: bkra shis bla mas bkra shis kyi gtor ma mna' ma'i mgo la skyal yong | the Tashi lama will touch with the auspicious offerings (for the gods) the head of the bride.
bkra shis rtse 	n. of a village in the district of Stod-luo in Tibet.
bkra shis brtsegs 	n. of a brother of King Skyid-lde —imahi mgon, who settled down in Moahris in Western Tibet (Loo 'a 8).
bkra shis brtsegs pa'i mdo 	n. of a work the reading of which produced auspicious occurrences.
bkra shis rdzas brgyad 	the eight lucky articles are:- (1) me long  mirror; (2) gi wang  medicinal concretion from the brains of elephant; (3) zho  curd; (4) rtsa dur ba ; (5) shing tog bil ba  the wood-apple; (6) dung dkar gYas 'khyil  a right-whorled conch-shell; (7) li khri  vermillion; (8) yungs dkar  white mustard.
bkra shis rdzogs pa 	SANST completion of an auspicious work or event.
bkra shis lhun po 	the seat of the Panchhen Rinpoche, the second Lama in Tibet, ordinarily called Tashi Lama, ranking next to the Dalai Lama of Lhasa.  The grand monastery of this name adjoining the town of Shiga-tse in Tsang harbours 4,880 monks presided over by the Tashi Lama.
bkrag 	(tag) 'od lhang lhong mdangs yod pa .  1. dazzling brightness; lustre; mdangs  also bkrag mdangs , e.g., glitter (of jewels).  2. sha bkrag  beautiful appearance; high colour (of the face, skin); sha bkrag mdangs  pure gloss of the skin; bkrag che  very bright (J‰.).
bkrag pa 	= mdog bzang ba  fair or fine complexion.  Syn. mdangs can ; 'tsher ba  (Moon.).
bkrag med 	= mdog ngan pa  or mdangs med  dull appearance; bad complexion (Moon.).
bkrab pa 	(tab-pa) pf. bkrabs pa  to choose or select from among many; mchog tu bkrab  exquisite choice (Lex.).
bkram pa 	pf. bkrams pa , a form of 'grem pa  SANST, SANST, SANST to spread over, scatter.  Syn. dgram pa ; brdal pa sha  also gtor ba ; 'thord pa  SANST; gtsugs pa  (Moon.).
bkral ba 	(tal-wa)  1. pf. of 'grel ba  (Cs.).  mdo rgyud kyi tshig don legs par bkral ba| elucidation (of the meanings of the terms in the Sutra and the Tantra).  2. to appoint: las la bkral ba , to engage in business.
bkras 	in the passage lum shel phrang btsan bkras sgril ba ; bkras  here means rolled or varnished in variegated colours.
bkras pa 	(te-pa) an abbreviation of bkra shis pa , according to Sch.  also pf. of the verb bkra ba : bkras btags  for bkra shis kha btags  an auspicious scarf for presentation on the occasion of a visit or some ceremony or festivity.
bkras lung 	(Te-lung) n. of a valley in Tibet (Deb. 44).
bkras lhun 	(Tei-lhun) SANST a contraction of bkra shis lhun po  (Tashi-lhun-po); also a heap or mountain of glory or auspicious objects.
bkri ba +	(ti-wa) 1. pf. of 'khrid pa  to conduct according to order, e.g., one after another.  2. for dkri ba  SANST, to wrap.  3. to draw; to try; to acquire; to search for.
bkrid drang 	(ti-dang) = ma thul ba 'dul ba'i nag po  the black discipliner of the unsubdued; the black and horrible (assumed) appearance of MaÒjughora Bodhisattva to lead the sinner into the path of righteousness and virtue: thul ba bkrid drang gi khro bo  the dreaded (Bon) deity who leads or drags the subdued straight onward (D.R.).
bkris 	an abbreviation of bkra shis .
bkris pa 	(ti-pa) pf. of 'khrid pa .  thar pa la bkris pa  conducted to emancipation or Nirvana.
bkru 	(tu) fut. of khrus , v. bkru zin  SANST.  bkru bshal gyi snod  SANST washing bowl; to wash a vessel, plate, &c.: bkru bya , ras sogs gang yang khrus rgyur  clothes, etc., to be washed.  (EEE bkru zin  does not appear elsewhere in the dictionary, so no hypertext link is provided.)
bkrug pa 	(tug-pa) probably an incorrect reading of dkrug pa 3.
bkrus pa 	pf. of khrus .
bkre 	(teh) n. of a place in Khams, which is also called bkre nag tshang .
bkre hor 	n. of a section of the Sgo-mao department of the monastic school of Daipung.
bkren pa +	(ten-pa), SANST  1. poor, indigent, hungry; nor dkon pa sa'i phyogs bkren  a country where resources are scanty (Lex.).  2. SANST miserly, stingy.
bkren po 	= dbul po  a beggar; destitute person.  Syn. nor med ; 'phongs pa  (Moon.).
bkres skom 	contraction of ltogs pa dang skom pa , hungry and thirsty: tha ma kha 'di ni 'kres skom gang la yang mi phan| this tobacco does not allay in any way either hunger or thirst: bkres skom pa las chog par 'byin te| leading from hunger and thirst to satiety (J‰.): ba yi 'o ma'i dbugs mi bde ba dang bkres skom sel| the cow's milk removes hunger and thirst and hard breathing."
bkres nas 	SANST being hungry.
bkres pa +	(teh-pa) to be hungry; also hunger.  In C. resp. for "hunger"; bkres rngab ba  to have ravenous appetite (Sch.); sku bkres pa  the appetite or feeling of hunger; honorific term: ri stong gi rtse mo byon pas sku bkres pa la zhal zas 'dren pa byung ba  on arriving at the top of a barren mountain, he felt hungry and was supplied with food (Deb. ga 7).
bkrongs pa +	resp. term for killed; dead.
bkrol ba 	(tol) pf. of hgrol-wa vb. trs. to untie, to loosen; also in W. is the only form in use: mdud pa bkrol ba  the knot untied.  bcings ba bkral ba  set free from bondage; khral bkrol ba  remitted revenues or rent; dgongs pa bkral ba  forgiven, pardoned, &c.
bkros 	= 'dams pa  to choose; to select; imp.  bkros shig  (Situ. 105).
bklags pa 	pf. of klog pa  to have read; done reading: bklags pa 'dod  wishes to read or sing.
rka 	or = chu'i rka  or chu rka  = wa mchu  a gutter; a small channel on the roof of a house or at the edge of the roof for carrying off the rain yur pa'i rka ; small furrow conveying water from a conduit to trees or plants; furrow between the beds of a garden; hence even flower-bed.
rka chu'i lha khang 	n. of a monastery near Samye.
rkang 	I: 1. marrow, pith.  2. descent, extraction, origin: dper na lha mo'i chibs pa dre'u la rkang gsum zhes pa ni| "for example, the mule on which the Goddess Paldan Lhamo rides is called rkao gsum, on account of a so-called three-fold origin" (its father is an ass, mother a mare but in itself it is neither of them, but a mule!).  II: 1. stuff:  rkang yag po 'dug it is of good stuff; rkang yag po mi 'dug it is not of good stuff.  2. bundle; a collection: rtsa rkang gcig  a bundle of grass; skra rkang gcig  a tuft of hair; skud pa rkang gcig  a skein of yarn.
rkang pa 	resp. zhabs  SANST, SANST  1. foot, leg, hind leg of a quadruped: rkang pa mi gdang  SANST not throwing the foot (Moon.).  2. lower part, lower end, e.g., of a letter: rkang pa can  having a foot, so the nine letters are called that extend below the line ka kha ga, etc. (J‰.).  3. a metrical line, verse.  4. base foundation: rdzu 'phrul gyi rkang pa bzhi  SANST the four feet (stages) of performing miracles.  Syn. zhabs ; rgyu byed ; 'gro byed ; bgrod byed ; rgyug byed  (Moon.).
rkang kyog 	bandy-legged.  (J‰.).
rkang kri 	(kang-ti) a piece of cloth to wrap round the legs (Sch.).
rkang bkod 	SANST the manner of walking; rkang pa bkru ba'i sa  SANST the place for washing the feet.
rkang bkra ma 	= ri byi skyes  born of the hill-rat; a name of Agastya Muni (Moon.).
rkang skyes 	n. for the Sudra caste (of India) which originated from the foot (of Brahma) (Moon.).
rkang khra 	(Kang-tha) n. of a king of Ancient India: rgya gar gyi rgyal po rkang khra dang rab snang sogs ltar spre'u sogs las kyang ma rgyud 'byung | "like the Indian Kings, Rkao Khra, and Rab snao and others, their lineage on the mother's side was also from apes, etc." (J. Zao.).
rkang khrab 	(kang-thab) iron shoes worn along with the coat of mail; that part of armour worn like boots from the foot to the knees; greaves.
rkang khri 	(kang-thi = rkang stegs ) foot-stool (Moon.).
rkang 'khum 	(probably) having a foot contracted by disease (Lex.).
rkang 'khor 	bandy-legged (Sch.).
rkang gos 	= gos lham  Tibetan boots made of felt or of coarse serge.
rkang mgo 	SANST the fore part of the foot.  Syn. rkang rtse  (Moon.).
rkang mgyogs 	swift-footed: mthu rtsal rmad du byung ba rkang mgyogs rlung dang mnyam pa gcig  an drangs  invited (brought) one who was swift-footed like the wind and possessed of miraculous powers; rkang mgyogs kyi dngos grub  the secret blessing of swift-footedness; rkang mgyogs kyi dngos grub sgrubs pas| (K. dun. 73) having acquired the grace of swift-footedness.
rkang 'gro 	(kang-do) SANST one who travels on foot; a vassal or subject paying his duty by serving as a messenger or porter (Cs.).
rkang 'gros 	also rkang bros   1. walking on foot.  2. domestic cattle; breeding cattle.
rkang gling 	a trumpet made of the human thigh-bone used in temples; also in travelling to keep off evil-spirits.
rkang rgyu 	rkang pas rgyu  a foot-soldier, v. rkang dmag 3: infantry acc. to Cs.
rkang brgya 	or = rkang brgya pa  a centipede: 'bu rkang brgya lag brgya yod pa'i ming | "the name of the worm which has a hundred feet and arms" (Moon.).
rkang brgyad pa 	a fabulous lion having eight feet.  An imaginary lion of Buddhist design with eight legs, generally found in sculpture and in Tibetan mythological pictures.
rkang ngar 	the leg (Moon.).
rkang gcig pa 	SANST one-footed, met. a tree; the fabulous countries of the Hurao and Tsu-ta, the people of which are said to walk on one foot.
rkang rjes 	SANST, SANST footstep, foot-mark; a dog; "foot-follower."
rkang gnyis pa 	mankind; rkang gnyis gtso bo  the chief of bipeds; an epithet of Buddha or bcom ldan 'das  (Moon.): rkang gnyis rnams kyi mchog sangs rgyas| (Buddha) is the chief of the human kind.
rkang btub 	SANST a foot ornament; a foot-bangle.
rkang rten 	SANST a foot-stool; trestle; a raised ground or stone step on which, at the time of alighting from any conveyance, the foot is placed.
rkang stegs 	or rkang pa 'jogs sa  foot-stool.  Syn. rkang rten ; rkang khri ; zla ba gcig pa ; zhabs stebs  (Moon.).
rkang steng bu 	= skra ma gser phur  the star of the golden flight or brtan pa , a name of a fixed star (Moon.).
rkang sten bu 	= skar ma stod phur  the star of higher flight (Moon.).
rkang thang 	1. on foot.  2. = rkang dmag  SANST a foot soldier (Moon.).
rkang thang pa 	a pedestrian; rkang thang tu 'grul ba  one travelling on foot; to walk; to go on foot.
rkang mthil 	SANST the sole of the foot; foot-sole.
rkang 'thung 	SANST, metaph. for a tree, i.e., that which drinks or draws nourishment through its feet, or roots: rkang 'thung dmar po  SANST, SANST the red tree; the devil's tree.
rkang drug pa 	or rkang drug ldan pa  the six-footed, met. for the bee.
rkang drug tshes 	= aa mra'i shing  the mango tree.
rkang gdub 	SANST foot-ring; bangle-like ornament worn on the foot.
rkang 'dren 	also zhabs 'dren , e.g., drawn by the foot; shame; disgrace.
rkang ldan 	shoes; that contains or holds the feet; also metaph. for a road, way, passage; rkang ldan ma  = shing seng ge'i mjug ma  the lion's-tail tree (Moon.).
rkang snam 	coarse woollen leggings manufactured in Tibet.
rkang pa brkyangs 	the legs stretched; rkang pa bskums  contracted legs; rkang 'khyar  = kha thor ba  to rove, wander; to disperse, separate:  ugs btang bas las dbang gis rkang 'khyar te bod yul du phebs| banished from their country, by force of Karma they wandered forth and came to the country of Tibet.
rkang pa 'theng po 	SANST lame.
rkang pa gsum ldan 	= rnam thos sras  SANST he who is possessed of three legs or three regions; Virnu; an epithet of Vaisravana.  Syn. byang phyogs bdag po ; rgyal po'i rgyal ; dpal gter gsang bdag ; gter gyi bdag ; mi'i chos ldan ; ngal bsos po ; 'od yangs tsha bo ; e la'i brgyud ; nor sbyin 'dren pa ; gnod  in rgyal ; nor gyi bdag ; dbyig char 'bebs ; byang phyogs skyong  (Moon.).
rkang pa'i stabs sgy ur 	dancing at the cadence of a song (Moon.).
rkang pa'i 'du byed 	SANST the movements of the feet which are described as dal 'gros ; bul 'gros ; le lo'i 'gros ; 'gying 'gros ; sgeg 'gros ; rol pa'i 'gros ; brjid pa'i 'gros ; gom shugs ; gom stabs ; gom rlabs ; gom pa yangs ; gom pa 'khyor ; bang mchong 'gro ; myur 'gro ; mgyogs 'gro ; rab 'gro ; rgyug pa  (Moon.).
rkang pa'i rtsa ba 	= rting pa  the heel (Moon.).
rkang pa'i mtshon cha can 	= khyim bya  poultry; a fowl (of which the weapon is in its feet).
rkang phyin 	felt for covering the legs.
rkang bol 	upper part of the foot (J‰.).
rkang bral 	SANST footless; helpless; involved.
rkang 'bam 	SANST a disease in the foot; swelling in the foot; also gout.
rkang 'bros 	or rkang bros , v. rkang 'gros 3.
rkang spas 	(lit. hidden feet) = sbrul  a snake (Moon.).
rkang ma rkang chig 	n. of the part of the nether world where the Naga demi-gods reside.
rkang mar 	pith; marrow: rkang mar gyi rigs gang byugs yan lag rengs 'khums mnyen par byed| by rubbing in any kind of marrow, contracted limbs may be smoothened (i.e., straightened).  Syn. mdangs ; khu ba byed  (Moon.).
rkang mig 	SANST (SANST) n. of the founder of Nyaya philosophical sect in ancient India.
rkang dmag 	infantry; a foot-soldier.  Syn. rkang thar ; rkang pas rgyu ; rang stobs kyis bgrod ; rkang shar ba ; lus kyi 'thab ; lus kyi rgol ; mtshon chas 'tsho ba ; dpung bu chung  (Moon.).
rkang rtsa 	resp. zhabs rtsa  general name for shoes in Tsang.  In Tibet the sole of a shoe is generally made of a kind of durable grass, hence the name rkang rtsa , foot-grass, signifies a shoe.
rkang rtsi 	SANST the fore part of the foot.
rkang tshugs 	= 'go 'dzugs  or rtsa ba tshugs pa  to have a firm footing; to take root.
rkang mdzer 	iron nails or spikes fastened to the boot-sole for climbing.
rkang mdzes 	= shing mya ngan med  the Asoka tree, Jonesia asoka Roxburgh (Moon.).
rkang bzhi 	rkang bzhi pa  four-footed; quadruped; a beast; also a chair or anything that stands on four legs; rkang bzhi'i nor ldan  = 'brog pa  lit. possessed of cattle; a herdsman (Moon.).
rkang yang 	agile; quick in going or walking.
rkang ring 	I: long shanks.  II: v. chu'i bya gag  the crane; acc. to some the grey species of duck (Moon.).  (EEE although chu'i bya gag  does not appear as a headword in the dictionary, the phrase does appear beneath the following headwords: khyim gyi gtor za 3, 3chu bya 3, 3bya dkar 3, 3gzhon nu 3.  See also 3bya gag 3.) 
rkang lam 	foot-path; a passage where a man can only pass but not ride.
rkang shar pa 	= rkang dgag  a foot-soldier (Moon.).
rkang shing 	treadle of a loom.
rkang shu 	foot-sore.
rkang shubs 	socks; stocking.
rkang sor 	toe.
rkan 	1. sometimes used in the place of skan .  2. rkan  SANST the = dkan , which is an obsolete form: rkan mtha'i rnyil  end of the palate or "gums at the end of the palate": ta tha da na ra la drug lce rtse rkan mtha'i rnyil la  "the six letters t, th, d, n, r, l, arise from the tip of the tongue and the front palate."
rkan phug 	the cavity of the palate: ka kha ga nga'i yi ge bzhi|rkan phug lce'i cha las byung | these four letters come out from partly the cavity of the palate and partly the tip of the tongue.  rkan dbus  the roof or centre of the palate: ya zha ca cha ja nya sha|bdun po lce dkyil rkan dbus byung | these seven letters are pronounced from the centre of the tongue and the middle of the palate.
rkan mar 	the butter which is mixed with barley-flour to make a paste for the food of children and infants; barley paste made with water or milk is apt to choke infants, so the Tibetan mothers mix in butter (Deb. ga 10).
rkam pa +	or brkam pa  of passionate desire.  The latter form brkam pa  is generally used; it signifies 'dod yon  longing; chags zhen  SANST greed; passionate: bkur sti dang rnyed pa la brkam pa  a longing for honours and gain: kha zas la brkam pa 'gyur  becomes eager for cakes.
rku ba 	SANST, pf. brkus , fut. brku  or brku bar bya , imp. rkus  to seal, rob; pres. rku bar byed  steals, robs; brku bya  an article to be stolen; brku bya'i rdzas  things that may be stolen; also stolen property.  The six kinds of theft acc. to Buddhism are:- (1) 'jab bus rku ba  to steal or take away quietly another's property; (2) rgyus rku ba  to rob a thing knowing all about it beforehand; (3) mthus rku ba  to rob violently one's property; (4) phyis sbyin no zhes nas rku ba  to rob a thing promising to return it; (5) brnogs te rku ba  to steal by concealment; (6) gzhan la bsdos nas rku ba  to rob a thing by slandering another person (K. d. pa 5).
rku bar bgrang ba 	SANST to count as stealing.
rku sems 	SANST a mind to seal, or thievish mind.
rkur bcug pa 	SANST, rku thabs su gnas pa  SANST, the ten kinds of stealing according to Tibetan authors, viz.:- mthus rku ba  to rob by means of incantations; sgy u thabs kyis rku ba  to rob by producing magical illusions; 'brid pas rku ba  to rob one by using threats; gtam pas rku ba  to rob by speech (by lying); slar byin zer nas rku ba  to rob one by soft words; phyir bsab zer nas rku ba  to rob by saying that he will return the thing afterwards: nan dgug pa'i rku ba  to steal by conjuring; dngan 'than gyis rku ba  stealing by misappropriation or breach of trust; 'jam pos rku ba  cheating by gentle persuasion; chos rku ba  stealing by (imposing upon another in the name of) religion (Loo. ba 15).
rku bya 	same as spa ba  to keep secret, hide.
rkun sgy ig 	thief's pouch; a sort of small wallet.
rkun can 	a thief.
rkun bcom 	plunder; highway robbery.
rkun thabs su blang ba 	to take away by thievish means.
rkun nor 	stolen goods.
rkun po 	fem. rkun mo  SANST, SANST, a thief, a robber.  Syn. jag pa ; gYos ma ; yan lag ngan ; aar pa ; 'jab bu pa ; chom rkun ; gzhan dung ; mtshams kyi byed po ; 'og tu rgyu ; chom po  (Moon.).
rkun pos bsgo ba 	= rkun pos ngan byed pa  the harm done by a thief.
rkun dpon 	the head of a gang of wandering marauders.
rkun ma 	one who steals; a thief; also applies occasionally to theft.
rkun rdzas 	stolen goods or things.  Syn. rkun nor ; lkog nor , stolen property (Moon.).
rkun srung 	a guard; a watchman; to watch for thieves: rkun ma srung rgyu'i ched du khyi gsos  feeding dogs to guard against thieves.
rkub 	SANST vulgar word for the anus, backside, posterior; colloq. phongs  or 'phongs .
rkub skyod par 	to move or shake one's hinder parts, a mode of nautch girl's dance in India.
rkub rgyag 	a chair to sit upon.
rkub stegs 	a sitting bench; a portable rest used by coolies.
rkub tshos 	buttocks (Cs.).
rke ba 	= rid pa  (cf. skem pa 3) lean; meagre (Cs.): rkye bar 'gyur bar  to grow lean, thin.
rked pa 	also sked pa  SANST, SANST, the waist, more particularly that part where the girdle is worn; also the loins; also defined as gzhu'i 'chang bzung  the ends or notches of the bow which hold the string or to which the string is attached.  Syn. ske rags yul ; bar ma ; lus phra  (Moon.).
rked rgyun 	an ornament (chain) hanging from waist.
rked 'chu 	SANST the buttocks.
rked mdud 	anything twisted at the middle; knotted-waist; n. of a biscuit (Jig.).
rked nad can ma 	v. bud med zla mtshan dang ldan ma 3, a woman who has her monthly courses (Moon.).  (EEE The original has bud med zla mtshan dang ldan pa , but this is a mistake for ~ldan ma .)
rked pa gyong pa 	stiff, unyielding waist: rked pa gyong pa khyo bo 'chi bar 'gyur  the husband of the woman with a stiff waist will die (K. d. go 217.).
rked pa rgyur ba 	(metaph.) to become a slave (female): rked pa rgyur ba gzhu 'dra gYog mor 'gyur| a woman whose waist has become bent like a bow becomes a maid servant (K. d go 217).
rked pa chag 	(lit. broken waist) to fail in a great undertaking: seng ge mchong sa la wa mchong na rked pa chag| if a fox (tries to) leap over a place where lions jump, he breaks his waist, i.e., dies in the attempt.
rked pa phra 	a slender waist.
rked 'bras 	= tsha ba len  n. of a fruit used in fever (Moon.).
sked spom 	one with a large or broad waist; a corpulent person.  Syn. lto ba che ba ; gsus po che ; lto ldir ba ; gsus rdzas can ; lto ba 'phyang ba ; grod pa chen po ; grod pa spom po  (Moon.).
rked med ma 	a pretty woman; = bud med mchog , a woman with slender waist (Moon.).
rked so +	= rked pa  the waist: lde mig chung ngu sna mang pos sku'i rked so 'khor ba| (A. 133) many little keys of different kinds surrounded his waist.
rko ba 	pf. brkos , imp. rkos shig   1. to dig, dig out; to hoe.  2. to engrave; turn up; till.
rko byed 	I: 1. = phag  a hog; also that which digs; a mattock, shovel.  2. SANST an arrow.  II: v. byi ba 3 that burrows; a rat (Moon.).
rko ma 	the kind of small hoe for digging earth; n. of a bird called ko ma  (Vai. so.).
rkos mkhan 	or brkos mkhan  or rko mi  SANST a digger; one who hoes.
rkog ma 	incorrectly for lkog ma .
rkong pa 	= za rkong  SANST ring-worm; itch (Cs.).
rkong po 'bras chen 	n. of a skin disease with large eruptions; also eruptions (Ya-sel. 28).
rkod pa 	engraving; = rko ba  to dig or to engrave (Cs.).
rkon pa +	a fowler's net: bya bzung ba'i don du rgya snyi 'dzugs pa la rkon pa 'dzugs zer| (Oag.) to set up a snare to catch birds is called rkon-pa hdsugs-pa.  Syn. bya rgya ; bya rkon  (Moon.).
brkam chags 	SANST passionate; also greedy.
brkus 	rkun ma brkus tshar ba  stolen: brkus te bor ba  to abandon or throw away a thing after stealing it.
brko  od 	a gouge; an instrument to scoop out (Sch.); an instrument to engrave; brko bya'i sa  ploughed land; brkos pa  SANST dug out; brkos phor  a mould for making clay images: lha tho tho ri gnyan btsan gyi ring la spang skong phyag rgya pa dang sAa o'i brkos phor khang steng du babs te dam pa'i chos kyi dbu brnyes| in the time of the Lhathothori dynasty there fell on the top of the palace a book called Spao skoo phyag-rgya and a mould for clay miniature images and brought the commencement of the holy doctrine.
brkos ma 	sculpture; anything that has been engraved upon.
rkyag pa 	also skyag pa  dung; ordure; excrement; rkyag pa btong ba  to cause purging, v. skyag 3.
rkyang 	I: SANST, SANST Equus kyang or the wild ass of Tibet and Higher Asia.  It is found everywhere in Tibet in large droves, and is distinct from the wild ass of Sindh and Persia.  pho rkyang , a male kyang mo rkyang  a female kyang; rkyang dar ma  an adult kyang; rkyang rgan  an old kyang (Cs.).  II: or rkyang ba , also rkyang rkyang  SANST, SANST, SANST, each; single; simple; alone: nga rkyang pas mi thub  I alone cannot; ras rkyang pa  dressed only in cotton cloth; sku zhabs sku rkyang ji ltar phebs  will Your Honour go thus alone?  chu rkyang 'thung nas  drinking water only.  lus rkyang  naked body; cig rkyang  naked body; cig rkyang  only one; mi rkyang , same as mi stong po , i.e., a free, unemployed man, generally one that carries no burden; yi ge rkyang pa  a letter that forms by itself a syllable, or one that is not brtegs-pa (mounted) and without any other consonant or any vowel sign superscribed; rkyang pa'i grangs  said to be 1, 10, 100, and the further multiples of 10; ming rkyang pa  a word that has no affix denoting case, &c., also a name without any titles added to it.  Syn. re re ; gcig bu ; srab pa ; gcer bu .
rkyang chu 	n. of a lake in the south of Ladak, in the neighbourhood of which there are many wild asses.
rkyang thag 	(thag pa ri 'am yang na khang thog nas mar btang ba ) a rope that is lowered from the top of a mountain or from the roof of a lofty house (Yig.).
rkyang pa 	1. SANST prose; writing.  2. kyang ba  = rkyong ba  SANST extended; spread.
rkyang 'phyes 	SANST an immensely large number.
rkyang ma 	n. of an artery often referred to in mystic meditation.  It is one of the three arteries denominated Srog-rtsa rio-po, and is asserted to run towards the left side.
rkyang phyag 	salutation by prostrating one's self on the ground with the hands and feet stretched out (A. 48).
rkyan 	1. a brass vessel like a tea-pot, with a spout; in W. "o-kyan," a milk-pot.  2. pot-belly; paunch (Sch.); chab rkyan  a vessel for water; chang rkyan  a vessel for wine (J‰).
rkyan bu 	= 'grim zhal  a kind of vessel made of brass or silver or gold of the shape of a wine glass.
rkyal ka 	= ku re  vain talk; rkyal-ka byed-pa to play a practical joke on; to make game of.
rkyal pa 	SANST a sack or leather bag, frq. is poetical term for the body or the five aggregates, i.e., phung po mi gtsang rdzas kyi rkyal pa  "the body is a bag of unclean things" (J‰.).
rkyal ba 	SANST to swim; rkyal rtsed pa  to amuse one's self by swimming (J‰.); colloq. "khyal-gyab khan" a swimmer.
rkyal bu 	small bag; pouch; colloq. kyal-bu.  ra rkyal  a bag of goat skin; phye rkyal  a bag for flour; chu rkyal  water bag or Hindi moshuk; mar rkyal  butter bag.
rkyal byed pa 	SANST the act of swimming or bathing.  In the mystic language of the Brahmakayika deva rkyal byed  or rkyal ba  signifies sdug bsngal ba  misery; rnam par rkyal byed  or kun tu rkyal byed  means kun 'byung ba  sins; rkyal pa thar byed  denoted rkyal zad  the exhaustion of misery, i.e., the cessation of misery or its 'gog pa  SANST; rkyal ba thol med  signifies rkyal zad sgom pa , i.e., to meditate on the exhaustion of misery signifies lam  or the way to Nirvana.  These are the terms believed to be used in the language of the celestial beings who dwell in the heaven called 'phrul dga'  SANST (K. ko. ka 236).
rkyen 	I: In Buddhist science this important term expresses any co-operating influence which serves to shape and bring about an event as distinguished from rgyu  rgyu, its direct and obvious cause.  In plain language, rgyu is the primary cause of anything, but rgyu is frequently controlled and modified by a co-ordinate influence known as rkyen.  As a medical term, according to J‰schke, rkyen is differentiated from rgyu in that it indicates the pathological or secondary cause of disease, while the latter word denotes its primary or anthropological cause.  However, while assigning to rkyen the primary meaning of "cause" and "occasion" in the qualified sense of being contributory only to that which comes to pass, we have to note the apparently contradictory significationóeffect, occurrence, incident, event.  So we meet with rkyen ngan pa  unfortunate accident; rkyen ngan pas 'das  he has perished by an evil incident; tshe 'dir byung ba'i rkyen ngan rnams  the adversities arising in this life; rang mi 'dod pa'i rkyen  an event disagreeable to one's own self; blo bur rkyen  a sudden accident; rkyen de la brten nas  owing to that circumstance; med pa'i rkyen la bltas te  or brten te  considering the case of not being, not having; thus nad kyi rkyen dang 'chi ba'i rkyen  stands also for a cause of disease and of death; bgol rkyen  any circumstance or event averse to the success of an action, any obstacle, anything opposed or hostile to the existence of another thing: mthun rkyen  a happy, favourable circumstance; furtherance; assistance; supply; mthun rkyen byed pa  to assist in; to help to; mthun rkyen 'dzom pa  altogether successful.  II: SANST, SANST In Buddhist metaphysics there are four kinds of rkyen  rkyen, viz., (1) rgyu'i rkyen  SANST relation of causality; (2) de ma thag pa'i rkyen  SANST relation of posteriority; (3) bdag rkyen  SANST relation of subordination or conditionality; (4) dmigs rkyen  SANST relation of dependence (as for instance the relation of parts to the whole and vice versa); rig pas gzugs can gyi rkyen byed na bdag rkyen gcig pos byed|gzugs can gyis rig pa la rkyen byed na dmigs rkyen dang |bdag rkyen gnyis ka tshang dgos|gzugs can gyi gzugs can la rkyen byed na rgyu rkyen dang bdag klon gnyis kas byed do|.  Besides the above four there are two other sub-divisions of rkyen , viz., nyer len  SANST and lhan gcig byed  SANST (Loo. 16).  III: misfortune; ill-luck; calamity: rkyen klog pa  to avert a misfortune; rkyen thegs pa to endure misfortune; rkyen thub pa  to be equal to the occassion, cope with calamity.
rkyen gyis 	postp. with gen. by reason of; on account of; by; de'i rkyen gyis  therefore; accordingly.
rkyen gcig rtogs 	= rang sangs rgyas  an epithet for a Pratyeka Buddha (Moon.).
rkyen chags 'byung ba 	to die or to be abolished (D. Shel. 11).
rkyen rtogs 	SANST also the contemplation of a Pratyeka Buddha and ordinary saint; a class of Buddhist devotees who meditate on rkyen, the co-operative cause.
rkyen thub 	= bzod pa  patience; forbearance (Moon.).
rkyen pa 	SANST barley.
rkyen rtsi +	= rkyen snan  SANST a medicine that is administered for determining the co-operative cause of a disease.
rkyong ba 	pf. brkyangs , fut. brkyang ba  or brkyang bar bya  to stretch, extend, stretch forth (one's hand to a person); put out (the tongue); spread; distend (the wings, a curtain): zhabs gnyis brkyong bskum  one leg stretched out, the other drawn in.  Syn. brkyang ba ; brkyangs pa ; rkyangs pa ; rkyongs pa ; bsnar ba  (Moon.).
rkyong tse 	in W. Lamp; candle (J‰.).
brkyang shing 	1. literally "the extending-wood," an instrument of torture in Tibet; a wooden frame on which the extended arms and legs of the delinquent are fastened down, whilst burning pitch or sealing wax is dropped on his naked breast, which procedure is called brkyang shing sprad pa  or brkyang shing la bcug pa  or brkyang ba , placing or stretching one on a cross (J‰.).  2. in New Testament translation adopted to signify "cross."
brkyangs 	SANST prostrated (by fatigue); stretched out; brkyang pa'i don can  SANST for the purpose of stretching.
lkug 	SANST a wager: sho sogs kyi rgyal  "to gain a wager in dice-playing, &c."
lkugs pa 	1. dumb; mute; kha lkugs par byed pa  to put to silence; lkugs pa ma  a dumb woman (Cs.).  2. SANST, SANST dull, stupid (Sch.).  The following examples may belong to either 1. or 2.:- lkugs par skyes  born idiotic or mute; lkugs par skyes na rnam shes las su mi rung bas chos byed du mi khom| if one is born a deaf-mute, one's consciousness (soul) not being suited to work, one cannot act religiously.  Syn. smra bcad ; ngag gis dbul ; ngag mi ldan ; sems bem po ; tshig nyams ; tshig mi gsal ; bem po ltar lkug ; mi smra shes  (Moon.).
lkog 	I: = pha gi  yonder.  In the passage lkog gi ri sna 'di nas mthong lags zhus pas , he said "from here look to yonder hillside"; lkog gi ri sna  = pha gi ri zur  the corner of the hill there.  II: secrecy; klog gi chung ma  a wife kept secretly in Tibet.  Where polyandry prevails any of the brothers who is not satisfied with the common spouse takes to himself a wife called Kok-gi chung-maóa concubine (Cs.).
lkog ma 	vulg. og 'jol   1. gullet. úsophagus.  2. wind-pipe.  3. the throat; lkog ma'i lha gong  the larynx (Sch.); also written lkog ma'i lhar gor .
lkog dkar 	the ferret-badger (Helictis monticola).
lkog gyur 	v. lkog na ma 3 (Moon.); lkog gyur byas  made secret.
lkog glu 	a secret hummed song: gzhan gyi ma thos par byas nas glu len pa la lkog glu zer| a song sung so that others may not hear it is called Kog-lu (Oag.).
lkog chad 	secret punishment.
lkog chos byed pa 	to apply one's self to religious studies secretly.
lkog rnyan 	a reward given secretly; a bribe.
lkog tu 	confidentially, secretly; lkog gyur  or lkog tu gyur pa  SANST secret; hidden; out of sight (J‰.); shin tu lkog gyur  very secret; most confidential.
lkog tu brkus 	stolen; removed secretly; lkog tu glen pa  to converse secretly; lkog tu chos  a secret doctrine; to worship secretly; lkog tu lab pa  to speak confidentially.
lkog mdud 	= 'ol mdud  the larynx.
lkog 'dun 	is described as meaning ha ma go bar gros byed pa , secret conversation or deliberating, so that others may not understand it.
lkog na ma 	that which is not evident.  Syn. lkog gyur ; mngon sum min pa  (Moon.).
lkog nor 	= rkun rdzas , lit. secret articles; stolen property (Moon.).
lkog phra 	= lkog tu phra ma byed pa  or dkrug shing byed pa  misunderstanding; difference (between two parties).
lkog zan za ba 	to take usurious interest in secret (Sch.); lkog jab byed nas lta ba  to watch; to witness from a lurking-place.
lkog zas za ba 	to take food secretly.
lkog la brang 'byar gyi rgyal khams 	the name of a kingdom of the Asura (demons) where people have no neck, their chins being joined to the breast.
lkog shal 	SANST dew-lap (of oxen); lkog shal can  = ba glang  oxen in general (Moon.).
lkog sog 	craw (of birds) (Cs.).
lkob 	fat, heavy, plump (Sch.).
lkol mdud 	= 'ol mdud  larynx.
ska 	this word is thus explained ska zhes chos rnams kyi phung po yongs su shes pa ston to| "ska shows the complete knowledge of the aggregation of all dharma or phenomena" (K. d. na 114).  This explanation also occurs in the aphorism on the interrogation of the Naga-raja Samudra (K. d. ga 178), also in (Hbum. ga 283): phung po dmigs su med pa'i phyir chos thams cad kyi sgo'o| "ska is the symbol of the law of Buddha (Buddhism) as it explains mystically that all things are (SANST) not dependant; they are supportless, i.e., have no real existence."
ska cig 	for skad cig  a moment.
ska cog 	or ko lcog  the names of two grammarians jointly written for abbreviation, Ska standing for ska ba dpal brtsegs  and Cog for cog ro klu yi rgyal mtshan .
ska ba 	thick (of fluids, cf. sla ba ); ska-slad consistence; density (J‰.).
ska rags 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST; = shugs bu  also ske rags , in resp. language; sku rags  a girdle: ska rags 'ching ba  to put on a girdle.  ska rags bshur ba  (Sch.) a girdle with a clasp; ska rags pho gu can  SANST, SANST ornamental chain worn by Tibetan women on the waist.
ska rags bzang po ma 	gnod sbyin mo'i gtso mo'i ming  n. of a princess of the Noijin demi-gods (Moon.).
skag 	= kag  or keg  SANST  1. n. of one of the 27 constellations, Ashlera; an evil star.  2. mischief; bad luck; evil; the name of the goddess Bhogavati; a fox; lo skag  an unlucky or bad year; zla skag  an evil or unlucky month; zhag skag  a bad day; dus skag  evil hour; inauspicious time.  Syn. gdengs can lha mo ; wa  (Rtsi. and Moon.).
skag rtsis 	astrology which treats of the planets and of bad omens, &c.
skag las skyes 	SANST; = du ba mjug ring  a comet; born under the constellation of Ashera.  Syn. mjug phod can ; gtsug phud can ; sbrul can ; sgra gnyis pa  (Moon.).
skang ba 	= skong ba , skang gso   1. satisfaction (Sch.).  2. a kind of expiatory sacrifice to make amends for a duty not performed (J‰.).
skang sha 	sods cut out (Sch.).
skad 	I: (keh) SANST, SANST  1. voice, cry, sound.  Though skad  and zla  are generally used as synonymous words, yet the majority of the grammarians of Tibet apply the former to all manner of sounds and the latter to the sounds uttered by animate things only.  2. skad  is equivalent of zer  in some expressions such as de skad , 'di skad , which mean "thus he said," "speaking these words," &c., and in ji skad , yin skad , &c., may be traced similar significations: skad ci gnang 'dug  what is your pleasure?  what did you say, sir?  zer ba de ci skad yin  the (words) spoken what speech are they?  what do they mean? (J‰.)  'di skad do  "in these words" is used before a literally quoted speech and de skad ces  after it.  lo skad  also often occurs after statements meaning "it is said" or "it is rumoured."  Other phrases are: de skad ma byed  don't do that or so; skad smra ba  to give an account, to relate.  3. language: bod skad  the Tibetan language; rgya gar skad  the Indian language; yul skad du  in the provincial dialect; mi skad smra  speaking human language; 'brug skad ldir zer  the voice of thunder rattles; glang po che'i skad lta bu'i sgra  a voice like the cry of an elephant; sdug bsngal ba'i skad 'byin pa  to utter painful or lamentable cries; snying rje'i skad 'don pa  to send forth cries for pity; skad kyi dbyings  SANST the root of a word.  II: ladder = skas ka  (J‰.).
skad 'gag 	or skad 'dzer po  hoarseness of the voice (Cs.).
skad rgyal 	metaph. a donkey (Sman. 2).
skad bsgy ur pa 	= skad bsgy ur mkhan  one who has changed his language.
skad sgra che 	the vulgar expression for "fame": kho deng sang skad sgra chen po 'dug  he is just now very famous.
skad ngar 	rough language: skad ngar zer bas yul de'i ming yang nga ra thang du btags| on account of their speaking rough speech the name of that place was called Oa-ra thao (Yig. 65).
skad can 	having a voice; sounding.
skad cig 	SANST, SANST, SANST one moment; an instant.  skad cig ma yi yun  = skad cig pa  is described as se gol gtogs gcig re lnga'i cha  "one fifth part of the time required for the sound of the snapping of the fingers."
skad cig bcom 	v. bcom pa 3.
skad cig 'dod ldan 	v. phug ron 3 SANST pigeon (Moon.).
skad cig pa 	or skad cig ma  SANST, SANST, SANST instantaneous; also ephemeral, momentary; also lightning.
skad cig dbugs 	lit. that takes breath only for a moment = sram , an otter (Moon.).
skad cig 'dod 	SANST sudden flash; flash of lightning.
skad cig glog 'od 	= glog  lightning (Moon.).
skad cha 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST news, report, discourse, conversation, topic; skad cha lab pa  to converse; to have a chat.
skad gnyis pa 	lit. that has two kinds of voices, i.e., a parrot.  Syn. lce gnyis pa ; 'khyog po'i mthu can ; tshig 'jam ldan ; 'jam ljang 'dab ldan  (Moon.).
skad gnyis smra ba'i dbang po 	one learned in science; one who has mastered (at least) two languages (Yig. k. 48).
skad mnyen pa 	SANST of a gentle voice; soft voiced.
skad bsnyan 	= brag cha  an echo (returned by a rock) (Moon.).
skad snyan bsgy ur ba 	to sing or whistle in a quavering, warbling manner, of birds, flute-players, &c. (J‰.): 'gyur skad  a singing or playing of this kind.
skad snyan pa 	SANST, SANST one with a sweet voice; spoken of the cuckoo.
skad snyan ma 	the princess of the Noijin demi-gods; cf. gnod sbyin mo'i gtso mo  (Moon.).
skad ster ba 	= skad rgyag pa  to call to a person (Schtr.).
skad mthun par 	with one voice; with one accord.
skad dod 	= skad tshab  an equivalent term in another language; the original from which another is translated : skad dod yod med  whether there are any original texts: skad dod med  it is without the original text (Situ. 110).
skad kyi gdangs 	the character or tone of the voice: ngang pa 'brug gi skad gdangs nor dang ldan|glang ngam bong bu'i skad gdangs sdug bsngal che|| (Mtshan.)  When the tone of one's voice is that of a goose or dragon it betokens the possession of wealth.  A voice like that of an ass or ox indicates great troubles.
skad gdangs dma' ba 	SANST low sinking voice; poor voice.
skad 'don 	SANST bawling out; loud voice.
skad pa 	I: = zhes bya bas  called; named (A. 120).  II: 1. vb. to say, tell, relate: zhing khams shig yod do skad par thos  that a land (of bliss) exists I heard people say.  2. interpreter; language master; teacher (J‰.).
skad pa che 	or skad po che  celebrated; famed.
skad po che 	SANST rumour.
skad 'byin 	SANST singing of a bird.
skad sbyangs shig 	cultivate your voice; improve the voice by exercise.
skad mi gsal 	SANST one whose language is not intelligible; a barbarian.
skad ring 	SANST a voice heard at a distance; a high pitched voice.
skad rigs chen po bzhi 	the four great divisions of language:- (1) sMskri ta lha'i skad  Sanskrit, the language of the gods; (2) pi sha tsi te sha ja'i skad  Pishatsi, the language of the meat-eating people; (3) rang bzhin zhes pa pra kri ta  the Prakpta or the natural language of the people; (4) aa pa £‡ma sha jur chag sgra  Apa bhram-sha corrupt language (T. K.).
skad lugs 	= skad rigs  dialect.
skad log 	clamour; screaming.
skad legs ma 	= lha'i gzugs tshong ma  a celestial courtesan (Moon.).
skan te 	W., instead of ska ba .
skab 	= 'gor po  delay: mgyogs pos ma 'ded skab pas ma zin cing | (Rdsa. 28) the swift not hurrying, the lingerers not finishing.
skabs 	SANST, SANST  1. time, opportunity, occasion, circumstance: mthong ba'i skabs  opportunity of seeing: skabs rnyed pa  to find an opportunity: skabs su  or skabs skabs su  now and then; sometimes.  skabs su  or skabs  with genit. = at the time of, on the occasion of, during, while, when: de ka skabs su  in a moment; instantly: skabs der  SANST thereafter: skabs 'dir  now; here; in this case; in this place: skabs re  once for a time; each time; bar skabs  interval; inter-lapse of time.  2. sphere, state, situation: skabs dang sbyar ba  fit for; adapted; suited to the occasion.  3. skabs  also means le'u  chapter, and is synonymous with tshigs , mtshams , gnas , &c., signifying section: skabs bcu  the ten sections of the doctrine; also he that has observed them (J‰.).  4. mode, method, way, manner, so the word seems to be used in Vai. so.: ldum bu'i skabs la phug dang skyes lugs 'dra bar| the manner (nature) of the plants being similar to that of a radish as to growth (J‰.).
skabs gnyis pa 	SANST the second chapter.
skabs don 	SANST for the sake of leisure; also circumstance.
skabs 'di la 	SANST at this opportunity; at this time; on this subject.
skabs phye na 	SANST to make opportunity.
skabs 'byed pa 	SANST leisure.
skabs la babs pa 	SANST when the time came; opportunity arrived.
skabs gsum btung ba 	= lha'i bdud rtsi  the drink of the gods; ambrosia: phebs tshogs kyang bzang po'i skabs gsum btung ba'i rgyun bzhin  i bor stsol la mkhyin| pray send kind letters like the flow of the drink of the gods over the heads of the good (Yig. k. 78).
skabs gsum gnas 	= mtho ris kyi gnas  the residence of the gods; the heaven.
skabs gsum pa 	I: SANST, SANST a god; a common name for gods possessed of the knowledge of their past and future births and also of those of others.  II: a name of the celestial musician; lha'i glu mkhan  (Moon.).
skabs gsum dbang 	a name of Indra; brgya byin  or lha yi dbang po  (Moon.).
skabs gsum mtshon cha 	SANST thunderbolt of Indra.
skam 	I: skam pa  n. of a tribe in Tibet (Vai. kar. 160).  II: a pair of tongs; pincers; an instrument for seizing anything.  Syn. 'dzin byed ; bzung byed  (Moon.).
skam pa 	SANST dry; skam rlon  lit. dry and wet; all articles (furniture, chattels, clothes, utensils, &c.) and food, drink, etc., being included in the term.  skam  is often used as equivalent to skam sa , the dry land, hence a plain or thang skam la spebs pa  to get ashore; skam lam  journey by land, skam zan  dry food, skam sha  dry meat, skam skom  the dry or stuffed carcass of an animal; gcan zan dang ri  ags dang thams cad kyi skam skom| the dried carcasses of beasts and game and of all (others) (D.R.).
skam glog 	a flash of summer lightning: skam glog chen po byung ba la brten te 'khor thams cad kyang shin tu skrag|  "on a great flash of lightning coming forth, all his attendants became very much frightened" (A. 17).
skam chas 	all goods except live stock.
skam thal 	= thug thal or thug rtsam  corn or barley flour to make gruel.
skam thug 	gruel made of barley flour, dry meat and radish.
skam dras 	neat and clean (Jig. 30).
skam pag 	dry, flour of barley.
skam po 	SANST, SANST dry dried.
skam phogs 	allowances or wages of an officer or inferior servant in barley-flour, tea or coin, etc., but not cooked food; gzhung gi ngag don skam phogs  according to Government order; dry allowance (J. Zao.).
skam las skye ba 	SANST produced or born on land.
skam bshad 	dry or meaningless words; hollow expressions meaning nothing: kha phyir lta'i skam bshad mkhan po  "one versed in talking nonsense, as if only for his mouth's sake" (or "as if on account of his mouth") (Ev.).
skams pa 	= sa stong  bleak and barren place (Moon.).
skar ba 	I: pf. bskar , imp. skor , to hang up; to weigh; skar , skar ka , skar kha  weight; skar tshad  measure; scale; skar ba  for skar ka , skar tshad  and skar ma  points on a steelyard for weight or measure: skar lnga  five points on the steel-yard weighing two annas of silver: skar gang  (one skar) is equal to ten 'on , which is a little less than an Indian anna.  II: (Cs.)  1. a penning of cattle; assortment; separation; to pen; to fold; to separate, v. dgar ba 3.
skar ma 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST a star; a fixed star; constellation: sgrol byed , 'phur byed , rgyu ba'i skar ma nyi shu brgyad , (Vai. kar.) the stars that are liberated and that soar on high and roam are twenty-eight in number: skar ma can  with stars or figures of stars on anything, a shawl, &c.
skar khung 	SANST, SANST, SANST a hole or small opening for the admission of light in a house; a window; same as sgo chung , v. dkar khung 3; skar khung gi sgo legs  a plank or board for a window; shutters; skar khung dra ba can  SANST lattice window; a grated window.
skar khongs 	the sphere of a lunar mansion; a constellation together with the minor stars which are included within its sphere.
skar mkhan 	SANST an astrologer.
skar lcag 	a rigorous enquiry; a flogging (J‰.).
skar chu 	I: literally star-water; bathing when the star Agastya (Ri-byi) appears in October, when, according to Tibetan astrologers, water becomes pure and wholesome.  II: generally applied to dew which is said to come from the stars.  (EEE the remainder of the entry under II in DAS has been shifted to a new entry.  See skar tag tang ce 3.)
skar tag tang ce 	skar-tag tao ce (J‰.) to enquire rigorously; to restrict; to bind down; to flog.  (EEE.  "It appears from examining the paper original that "skar-tag tao che" which follows skar chu  (II) on a new line was intended as a separate entry in its own right and not as a commentary to skar chu  (II) (to which it has no connection).  Furthermore, the transliteration "skar-tag tao che" of the original differs from the source in Jasche's dictionary on p.20.  In Jaschke the Tibetan needs to be transliterated as "skar-tag tao ce".  The entry for "skar-tag tao ce" in Jaschke appears as the third definition of skar ba , defined generally as "a separation".)
skar mda' 	a shooting star; sgron ma  a lamp; ta la la  SANST a meteor: skar mda' lhung ba  or ltung ba  SANST the falling or shooting of a meteor.
skar mda'i gdong ngam sna 	SANST or SANST one having either his face or nose glowing as a meteor; a demon; a meteor-mouthed arrow; n. of a fire-arm anciently used in India.  One of the ancestors of Gautama Buddha, directly descended from Mahasammata, the first elected king of the world.
skar dpyad 	= skar rtsis  astrology; skar dpyad pa  = rtsis pa  an astrologer (Moon.).
skar phran 	or skar chung  a little star.
skar 'phreng 	1. n. of a fabulous city situated at the foot of Rirab (Sumeru) mountain said to be the residence of the Asura King, Kantha-Mali.  2. the squares in a chart of the constellations in which the figures representing the stars are written.  3. the angular distance between two stars or planets (Cs.).
skar ma stod phur 	SANST supposed to be Leonis.  This star is believed to be the most steady among the stars and is therefore called the sure-star or fixed-star; also called the crown-star.  Syn. brtan pa ; rkang steng bu ; snang ldan shing rta ; lugs bzang skyes ; gza' yi rten ; rgyu skar tog ; gan rgyal bu ; gser 'phur  (Moon.).
skar ma rtsag tsig 	also skar ma khra chem chem , a twinkling star; painting on a canopy or on a ceiling in starry design; rgyu skar  those constellations through which the moon passes in her revolution round the heaven; btsas skar  the constellation under which one is born; gYang skar pa  propitious constellation; the constellation under which one prospers or which brings fortune and good luck to one.
skar ma 'tshe 	SANST the injury caused by a malignant star.
skar ma'i dpyod 	SANST an examination or observation of the stars.
skar mig bu 	"son of Star-eye or Skar-mig," the eagle.  A certain hermit called Skar-mig found three eggs.  These he gave to a woman in distress, saying that if she broke them after seven days they would bring her happiness.  Out of impatient curiosity she broke two on the third and the sixth day.  These turned into lightning and the dawn.  The third she broke on the seventh day, when there sprung forth a full-fledged eagle which turning round asked what she wanted of him.  In reply she wished him to kill the Lu demons; and this he accordingly did.  Thenceforth the eagle came to be known as the son of Skar-mig (Moon.).
skar 'dzin 	star-catching; making sure of a propitious constellation, e.g., for an intended journey (J‰.).
skar 'od 	SANST the light emitted by a star; name of a kind of flower.
skar yum 	works or treatises on the stars; skar yum gza' yum  sacred works on stars and planets.
skal pa 	SANST, SANST luck, chance, fortuneóparticularly when propitious.
skal ngan 	SANST wretched; unlucky; unfortunate.
skal can ma 	also called skal ldan ma   1. SANST n. of a goddess; a blessed lady.  2. = spu la 'bab pa  n. of a disease in which the hairs are affected.
skal ldan 	SANST, SANST happy; blessed; also n. of one of the 28 ancient sages mentioned in Buddhist works.
skal ldan shing rta 	SANST n. of a king of the solar race who is said to have brought the river Ganges to Jambudvipa (India) from heaven; one of the ancestors of the Buddha Sakyamuni: phebs tshogs kyang skal ldan shing rta'i 'gros bzhin yod pa mkhyin zhu| "favour me with letters uninterruptedly like the course of the river Bhagirathi (Ganges)" (Yig. k. 17).
skal ldan shing rta'i bu mo 	SANST, v. chu bo ga]… 3, the daughter of Bhagiratha, the river Ganges (Moon.).
skal pa can 	SANST, SANST the fortunate: skal pa can du 'gyur  SANST are very fortunate.
skal pa che 	= dbang thang che ba  SANST very fortunate, lucky; also powerful and rich.
skal pa mnyam pa 	uniformly fortunate or always lucky; skal pa dang bcas  fortunate: mi dang skal pa mnyam par skyes  SANST born with fortune equal to that of a human being.
skal pa bzang po 	SANST good fortune; skal pa ngan pa  bad luck, unfortunate; tshe 'di'i 'grogs skal  the matrimonial share of the present life; the connubial fate for which a person is predestined; chos kyi skal pa  religious good luck; also the merit of the pious; skal che ba  very lucky; skal med  unfortunate.
skal pa yod pa 	fortunate; skal pa lhag pa  extra luck.
skal 'phar 	enlarged fortune; lucky or of increased luck.
skal ba 	= cha   SANST  1.  portion; share; nor bgos pa'i thob skal  the apportioned share of hereditary wealth; inheritance; zas skal  share or portion of food; ration; rang skal  personal share: skal ba ma chad pa  without being deprived of any of his portion.  2. the portion of good or bad fortune that falls to a man's lot as a consequence of his former actions; lot, fate, destiny.
skal ba chad pa 	suppressed fortune; unhappy.
skal bzang 	SANST  1. prosperous; of good fortune.  2. a plantóChrysanthemum coronarium.
skal rin 	the valuation of one's share of property; the price of one's share in any concern (Jig.).
skas 	or skas ka  also called skas 'dzeg : them skas , SANST a stair; a flight of steps; skas kyi rim pa  order of steps; skas 'gram  the two side-pieces of a staircase or ladder (Cs.); skas 'jug pa  to place a ladder; skas la 'bab pa  SANST to come down a ladder; skas la  SANST to limb up a ladder.
skas skor khra ma 	the lattice, rail or fencing by the sides of stairs.
skas gdang bu 	abbr. of skas dza gdang ring po , a flight of long steps in a ladder:  an 'dren pa la skas gdang bu bdun dgos pa yod pas| to bring him (here) a seven-step ladder was necessary (A. 91).
skas tshang 	signifies a flight of steps (Jig.).
skas leb 	the steps of a ladder or stair; the planks of a ladder.
sku 	SANST, SANST, SANST, resp. for lus , body.  1. sku may be prefixed to the names of parts of the body and even of anything belonging to a person, thus imparting to them the character of respectful terms.  As honorific particle it can also be prefixed to nouns in general: sku lus  the person or body of a great man; sku chas  goods, stores or property of a man of rank; also the religious robe of a lama.  sku skyes  a present (given to or received from a respected personage); sku bsod  virtue, happiness; sku 'bag  image, statue; sku gzan  the wrapper used by a lama or a great man; sku ber  the cloak used by the lamas when attending a religious service; sku yol  the inner lower garment of a man of rank.  Even buildings (monasteries, &c.) are honoured by this respectful expression: sku dkar gsol ba  to white-wash a house, &c.; rkos sku  an engraved image; gos sku  tapestry; a figure worked upon satin with silk; 'jim sku  an image of clay; thag sku  a woven image; rdo sku  a stone image; ldugs sku  a molten image; bri sku  a painted image; 'bur sku  a Basso Relievo image; blugs sku  a cast image; gser sku  a golden image.  2. sku  or sku yi  may be also used honorifically as a poss. meaning "his," "her," yours," &c.  3.  It is further employed to express the reflective verb khyed-gao la sku hdeg "why are you beating yourself?"
sku skal 	portion or share of a respected person.
sku skem 	the lean slender body of a respectable person.
sku khams 	a great man's person; also the state of health.
sku gam ngo bcar 	a personal interview; to approach or come before a great man personally.
sku bgegs chags 	disease caused by evil spirits.
sku lnga rgyal po 	the five divine Buddhas symbolical of the five highest moral virtues inculcated in Buddhism.
sku rgyu 	the matter or substance whereof an image is made.
sku rgyud 	a scion, descendant, of a noble family.
sku bcar 	personal attendant of a great man; gen. the attendant monks of the Dalai Lama (S. kar. 181); also same as sku mdun pa  as in sku bcar mkhan po , the domestic priest of the Dalai Lama who is also called sku mdun mkhan po .
sku bcar mo 	the raiment worn next to the skin (Yig.).
sku chas 	bla chen dang dpon chen rnams kyi  ad lag la  the chattels and other possessions of any high class person.
sku chos 	= chos gos  robes; dress worn by great men or by lamas.
sku mched 	brothers and sisters: rgyal po'i sras su 'khrungs pa'i sku mched dang |bla ma gcig gi slob ma yin pa'i sku mched do| "those who are born the sons of kings are 'kum-che,' and the pupils of one lama are 'kum-che' (Loo. za 2).  sku mched gsum  the three spiritual sons of Bromstonó(1) po to ba rin chen gsal| (2)  an snga ba tshul khrims 'bar| (3) phu chung ba bzhon nu rgyal mtshan|'di gsum la 'brom ston gyi slob ma sku mched gsum zer| (Loo. za 2); these three were called the spiritual sons of Bromston.
sku mnyed 	= lto ras  or lag ras  handkerchief (Yig. k. 55).
sku gnyer 	SANST keeper of images in a temple or monastery.  Syn. lha gnyer ; lha'i 'tsho ba  (Moon.).
sku brnyan 	I: a reflected image, v. sku 'dra 3 or 3gzugs brnyan 3 likeness (Moon.).  II: = sku sha  the health or flesh of a respectable person (Moon.).
sku rten 	an image of Buddha or of a saint.  It is a contraction of the three words: sku, gsuos, thug-rten the holy image, i.e., of a Buddha or saint; the sacred books or volumes containing religious precepts; and the chaitya (mchorten), the symbol of the resting of the thugs or heart.
sku bltams 	= sku 'khrungs  birth (of a great man).
sku thog 	= sku ring  lifetime; age; generation; sku thog snga ma  = sku thog gong ma  or sku thog sngon ma  former generation; also ancestor or predecessor; sku thog rjes ma  = sku thog 'jug ma  succeeding generation; sku thog mang po  many generations: bod kyi sprul sku rnam gsum ni sku thog mang po phebs zhing byin rlabs che ba yin| the three incarnate beings of Tibet (i.e., Dalai Lama, Panchen Lama and Taranath Lama) having come in many re-births are greatly blessed.
sku drung pa 	a page; an attendant of a great man; a private secretary to a high official.
sku gdung 	relics, remains; also lineage, descendants.
sku 'dra 	(kunda) SANST, SANST, SANST image; statue of Buddha or any sainted persons.  Syn. sku brnyan ; sku gzugs ; gzugs brnyan ; slar gzugs ; mchod bya ; nye bar 'jal ; 'dra bar bzhengs ; 'dra 'bag ; de lta ; de 'dra ; de mtshungs ; dpe ; mtshungs ; de'i gzhi 'dzin ; rab tu 'dra ; pra phab bzhin ; legs par bzhengs ; lder bzo ; slar grib ma ; slar byas mthun ; dngos po mtshungs ; 'dra ba ; lta bu ; nyer tshad ; nges snang  (Moon.).
sku ldem pa 	to be unwell, ill; ill-health.  Syn. nad kyis btab ; nad phog pa ; na ba ; na tsha 'byung ba ; khams ma bde ba ; 'du ba khrugs pa ; nye bar gdung ba ; nyams ma bde ba ; bro 'tshal ba ; snyun pa  (Moon.).
sku na 	a respectable person's age.
sku bub 	a monkey of the langur class found near Bathang.
sku 'bum 	"a hundred thousand images," commonly pronounced Kum-bum.  The name of the birth place of Tsongkhapa in Amdo, situated to the east of lake Kokonor; also the name of huge monastery built on the spot.  Village and monastery both derive their names from a poplar tree, the leaves of which are said to bear miraculous impressions of a hundred thousand images of Buddha on them.  Huc and W. W. Rockhill have given elaborate accounts of Kumbum monastery: aa mdo sku 'bum byams pa gling gi sku 'bum thog gi rgya phibs bzhengs  (Loo. 17) he (king Mi-dwao phola Thaiji) erected the gilt dome of the monastery of Chambaling above Kum-bum in Amdo.
sku snad 	the part of the body below the navel; sku stod snad  the upper and lower parts of the body.
sku tsha 	a brother's son; a nephew; called tsha bo  in colloquial language.
sku tshab 	a representative; deputy.
sku tshe stod 	= sku gong ma'i dus  during the time of his predecessors.
sku mtshal 	resp. for gzugs khrag  the blood (of a great man's) body.
sku zhabs 	lit. "your honour's feet," is the correct form of the colloq. expression sku shogs , meaning your honour, your lordship, your worship.  It is generally pronounced as ku-sho.
sku gzan 	= gzan  shawl wrapper worn by lamas (Yig. k. 55).
sku gzugs bde 	= nad med pa  health; also healthy.  Syn. khams bde ; nyer 'tshe med ; 'byung bzhi snyoms ; bro mi mtshal  (Moon.).
sku yi babs dang bstun 	according as his health permits; according to the state of one's health.
sku yi zo mdog 	resp. of lus kyi khams  health: deng sku'i zo mdog 'dzam bu'i chu bo'i gser khams ltar bzang zhing | just now your health is good like the condition of the gold in the Dsam-bu river.
sku rags 	= ske rags  also ska rags , a sash (Yig. k. 55.).
sku ring 	the period of a lifeóone's own or another's.
sku rim 	resp. for rim gro , reverence, respect, and thence the common word for any set service in a temple and in general for a ceremonial act of worship, and particularly in the special sense of a solemn sacrificial ceremony.  sku rim rgya khag gsung sgrog gi gtong gzhi  indicates the allowance granted by the Government of Lhasa for Kurim in the different monasteries of Tibet.
sku ru 	a water-wheel without a rim; such are the water-wheels of all the mills in the Himalaya (J‰.).
sku ru kha 	asterisks; marks generally of the figure of a cross, + also X.  The latter is common in books as an abbreviation like "ditto," to save the repeated writing at full length of the same sentence or word or expression.  Some authors spell this word as gu ru kha .
sku lus 	SANST, resp. for lus , the body.
sku sha 'byor po 	= sha nyams rgyas shing rgyags pa  corpulent; also corpulence; the original name of Hbrom Rgyal-wahi hbyuo gnas (Moon.).
sku gshegs pa 	dying; death.
sku gshen 	the great teacher of the Bon: 'od zer dpag zhes bdag gi pha yag gzher sku gshen 'brom du gda'  "Hod-zer dpal was my father, I Sku gshen of Yag gsher am called Hbrom" (Hbrom. kha 22).
sku sras brgyad 	the eight spiritual sons of Bon-po Sen-rab are the following:- (1) mu chos ; (2) 'ol drug thang po ; (3) gto bu bum sangs ; (4) dpyad bu khri shing ; (5) lung 'dren ; (6) brgyud 'dren ; (7) kong tsha dkar po ; (8) kong tsha 'phul bu chung .
sku gsung thugs 	resp. for lus ngag yid  body, speech, thought, which constitute the three spheres of a man's doings or sufferings; works in words and thoughts.
sku gsum 	SANST, SANST the three personal existences of a Buddha, viz., chos kyi sku  SANST spiritual existence; longs  od rdzogs pa'i sku  SANST celestial existence; and sprul pa'i sku  SANST bodily existence; also miraculously emanated existence.
sku gseng 	rest and gentle exercise (of a great man) when convalescent: zhabs 'bam gyis sku ltem pa'i tshul bstan skabs cung zad  angs pa nye ba na sku gseng gi dus phar phebs| when gout was indicated in the form of swelling of the body and slight improvement approached, it being the time of convalescence, he went out (Ya-sel. 11).
sku bsrungs 	or sku bsrungs pa  SANST, SANST attendant; waiter; body-guard.
skugs 	= rgyan  wager; the stake in a game received by the winner.  skugs su 'dzugs pa  signifies  ad lag gta' ma la bzhag pa  that is, anything placed in pawn: skugs shor na mya ngan gyi mtsho brdol| (D.R.) if the wager is lost he will he plunged into an ocean of grief.
skung ba 	= lkog tu spas pa  to conceal in a secret place (Oag.), pf. bskungs , fut. bskung .  1. to hide in the ground; to bury; to inter: bdag gis gter dang nor bskungs rnyed| I have found hidden treasures and concealed wealth (nor).  2. SANST (A. K. 53-55) to fasten down; to tie, to tie on all sides (a corpse in a doubled up or twisted position before it is burnt).
skungs sa 	lurking place; hiding place.
skud 	or skud pa  SANST; srad bu  SANST, SANST  1. thread, yarn, wire: skud pa gcod pa  to cut the thread, i.e., the tie of marriage; to divorce.  gos 'tshem rgyu'i skud pa  the thread to sew a dress with; ras skud  cotton thread, yarn; bal skud  woollen thread; gser skud  gold wire; dngul skud  silver wire; skud ser  yellow thread; dar skud  silk thread; tshon skud  coloured thread; skud ro  the frayed ends of a seam; skud bris mkhan  an embroiderer; one that makes up a picture with threads of different colours; skud ris  = 'drubs su bya ba  SANST needle-work on cloth; skud pa 'khol bar  spinning thread.  2. vb. pf. bskus , fut. bsku , imp. skus , to smear; to besmear; to daub: snum skud pa  = snum byugs pa  to be smeared with oil: sgo la rtsi skud pa  to paint a door: spos kyi skud pa  to anoint; to apply an ointment; skud pa bsgrims  or skud pa bsgrims zin pa  threads twisted together.
skud pa'i 'bu 	= dar gyi srin bu  silk-worm (Moon.).
skud po 	= chung ma'i spun zla   1. wife's brother; brother-in-law.  2. SANST father-in-law (J‰.).  3. in Sikkim a husband's younger brother is also called skud-po.
skun bu 	is described as smyug ma la btags pa'i snod  a wicker-work basket; but a basket or vessel made of bamboo is called kong bu  or zhil ma  (Oag.).
skub 	SANST very low (Lex.).
skum pa 	pf. bskums , fut. bskum , imp. skums , to contract; also to be drawn up; to be paralysed: yan lag skum pa  to draw in the limbs.
skur pa 	SANST slander; false witness; blasphemy; abuse: skur 'debs pa  same as skur pa btab pa  to throw abuse, cast aspersion and to bear false witness; to speak impiously of holy things: dkon mchog gsum mi bden par lta zhing skur pa 'debs pa  to blaspheme by viewing as untrue the three most precious Ones.
skur ba 	I: or skur zhus pa  to slander, mock, ridicule.  II: = btang ba  SANST a bestowing, giving, sending; also vb. a. to bestow, give, send; dbang bskur ba  SANST to furnish with power; to empower or instal; 'phrin skur ba  to send intelligence; sgro skur  probably decorating one with the peacock's feather (as in China).
skur ba 'debs pa 	to hold as not existing what exists; to belittle.
skul mkhan 	in W. overseer (J‰.).
skul rgyu 	to render service; to exact service: mag pa lo gsum khos rgyud min kyang skul rgyu| the son-in-law (elect), though he is not a slave by birth, must render service for three years (to the parents of the bride).
skul ba 	pf. bskul , bskul bar bya , to excite; to exhort, admonish, enjoin: mi zhig las byed par skul ba  to exhort a man to do a thing; to appoint: mi zhig las ka la bskul to| imposed some work on a person: de'i tshig gis bskul nas  being induced by his words: rnam shes las dang nyon mongs kyis bskul nas| the (departed) soul urged on by its former deeds and sins: lha srin mchod skul kyang  though I tried to bring round the gods and evil spirits by sacrifices: gling sogs drag tu skul shing  arousing strongly (the actors) with flutes and other instruments.  bskul ba  and more frequently bskul ma  exhortation; admonition.  bskul ma 'debs  also skul rgyag pa  and skul cag byed pa  to expostulate with, rebuke; incite.
skul byed 	v. kNa Da kA ri .  (EEE kNa Da kA ri  does not appear in the dictionary though kNa Ta kA ri 3 does.  However, skul byed  is the name of a bodhisattva tsuq  in Tibetan or means horse-whip.  We think that this headword received the wrong definition when the dictionary was constructed.)
skul tshig 	a word in the hortative or imperative mood.
ske 	SANST, resp. mgul , neck; throat: mgrin pa gcig  with one throat; unanimously: ske gcod pa  = ske gtub pa  and ska 'breg pa  to cut one's throat; to behead: sker 'tham pa  to seize by the throat; to worry (Sch.): sker dogs pa  to tie round the neck (an amulet); ske 'khor  necklace (Schr.); ske cha  ornament for the neck; a necklace: khams mo'i ske khor byu ru  the coral necklace of a woman of Khams.
ske stong 	cavity of the throat (J‰.), defined in Med. as ol mdud kyi 'og tsam la kong kong yod pa  the cavity as far down as below the larynx.
ske tse 	or ske tshe  SANST, SANST Sinapis romosa, black mustard; mustard seeds (J‰): bgegs 'dul skrangs dang ltog pa sel| it removes evil spirits and cures swellings and carbuncles (Med.).
ske tshang 	n. of an old monastery situated in the mountains behind the monastery of Sera (Deb. ga 13).
ske rags 	= ska rags , ska rags chung pa  SANST a sash; an ornament like a sash worn round the waist.
skeg 	SANST n. of a constellation: skeg la skyes  SANST born in the constellation of Ashlera.  [The man born in the constellation of Ashlera is unfortunate, inasmuch as his birth is followed by the death of himself, his mother or father.]
skeg tshos 	paint, rouge (for the face) (Sch.).
skeng lungs 	n. of a place in Tibet (Deb. ga 11).
sked dkar 	same as ske rags dkar  white sash.
sked 'jigs 	= da dru 'joms  n. of a medicinal drug (Moon.).
sked pa 	= rked pa  SANST the waist: sku skyed  or sked skabs  SANST, the hind parts below the waist; sked pa'i phyogs  SANST waist-band.  sked so  the waists: sked pa'i rtsar skra ring thung sked so na mar sleb pa  the length of hair reaching down even to the waist (Hbrom. kha 35).
sked ma 	v. se 'bru 3, pomegranate (Moon.).
skem nad 	consumption.
skem pa 	= skam pa  SANST, adj. SANST, SANST, SANST, vb. pf. bskam  SANST, fut. bskam  or bskam par bya , imp. skoms , pres. skem par byed pa .  1. to make dry, lean, meagre; to dry up.  2. also as adj. skam po  dry; dried up; meagre.
skem pa 	= lus nyams chung ba  lean, thin body (Moon.).
skem byed 	n. of a demon that causes drought; skem byed kyi gdon  n. of a trouble (in the body of a person) caused by an evil spirit.
skem byed dkar po 	the resin of the sal tree, which is burnt as an incense; same as spos dkar  white incense gum (Sman. 447.).
skem byed ma 	n. of a goddess.
skem byed sha za 	= dbang phyug gi bu chung ba gzhon nu gdong drug  an epithet of Kumara, the younger son of Mahadeva (Moon.).
skems pa 	SANST, SANST, v. 'dzug pa  very thin, lean.
skems pa'i sbrebs pa 	SANST the hunger of emaciating disease.
sker 	is sometimes written as ker .
sker leb sgur 	pony, sheep, and yak; collectively cattle.
sko sko 	SANST the chin.
sko ba 	pf. bskos , fut. bsko  or bsko bar bya , to select; also to appoint, nominate, commission, charge; las su sko ba  to appoint a person to work: gnas khang sko ba'i dge slong bsko bar bya'o| (K. du. ga 362) should appoint a ge-long (Buddhist monk) to arrange for lodging; rgyal sar bskos pa  raised to the throne; ma bskos shing  without mandate; unbidden; las la bskos pa  destined; appointed to the work, i.e., destined (to be a man) in consequence of his works; nged kyi las bskos  appointed by my destiny; fate (J‰.).
sko tse 	a mixture of the leaves of various kinds of leeks pounded and formed into balls and dried; when used, a small portion is broken off, fried in butter, and then added to the food.  This spice forms a lucrative article of commerce and is exported from Ladak to Kashmir and from Lhasa to India (J‰.).
skogs 	= skog pa  or kog ba  a hard covering; rind; bark; a shell: skogs can  adj., having a cover or shell (Cs.).
skong 	v. kong 3.
skong ba 	SANST, pf. bskangs , fut. bskang , imp. skongs , to fulfil; also sbst. re ba skong , to fulfil a hope: kha skong ba  to fill up what is open; to make up a deficiency: dge ba'i kha skong  to fulfil perfectly the laws of virtue.  kha skong  or kha bskangs  also khas skong  signify an appendix; supplement: gsham du kha skong du bshad  will be described in the appendix below: thugs dam bskang rdzas  to do a certain ceremony fully according to your vow; srung ma'i bskang gso  the ceremony to satisfy one's guardian deity by supplementing what was wanting and making amends for the same: skang mdos  offering of some representation of celestial mansions, made of coloured threads, to one's guardian deities; bskang gso  offering to the gods and guardian deities.
skongs shig 	= re ba skongs shig  may your hope be fulfilled.
skon pa 	= gyon pa   1. sbst. v. rkon pa  2.3  vb. pf. and fut. bskon  to dress; to clothe another person.
skobs 	= skabs , skabs su chud pa , bya dka' ba'i skabs su chud ces pa'i don  (Oag.) signifies the coming occasion of doing some difficult work.
skom 	I: SANST, SANST thirst; resp. zhal skom , btung ba skom gyi gdung pa  tormented by thirst; zas dang skom  food and drink: skom du dkar dang ja gsol cig  take milk (lit. "white") and tea for thirst: skom du chang gsol  take wine for thirst (Kathao. 115).  II: the dry land (J‰.).
skom skyur 	sour beer; sour fermented liquor.
skom dad 	or skom dad che  thirst; mi sogs skom che ba  one who is very thirsty: skom 'dod pa la skom  SANST (give) drink to the thirsty; btung ba 'dod  = chu 'dod  wishing for drink; kha skoms  mouth drying; thirsty: skom pa dag ni skom pa dang bral bar 'gyur| the thirsty will be freed from their thirst.
skom nas 	SANST thirsty; imp. skoms shig  SANST become thirsty; skom bzhin 'dug  SANST thirsty.
skom sha 	the flesh of a calf that died or was killed as soon as it was born, even before it could suck milk from its mother's teat (Sman.).
skoms pa 	SANST thirsty.  Syn. btung ba 'dod ; chu 'dod ; kha skoms  (Moon.).
skor 	1. class, order; appertaining to; subject; circle; bodyóa term often used to signify a retinue, a set of attendants, persons of one class; mdun skor  class of official staff; also court (Yig. k. 37); khyo ga'i skor  class of husband; that which concerns a husband; bud med kyi skor  class of women, about women; de'i skor la  of that order; with respect to that; also of that subject; kham chu'i skor la  on the subject of litigation; mchod cha'i skor  the paraphernalia of worship; sa skor  circuit, tour: bod bzhugs aam ban sa skor dmag rtsis la lha ldan nas| "the Resident Amban of Tibet (started) from Lhasa on a military tour, &c."  2. anything round, a circle; mig skor  eye-ball.  In W. spa skor  hoop of bamboo (Schtr.); mi'i ltag skor  the (circumference) of a man's head; khang ltag skor  the top of a house.  3. section, division, e.g., of a book, similar to le'u  chapter.  4. repetition; skor ldab pa  to repeat (Schtr.).  5. religious circumambulation, v. skor ba 3.  Syn. sde tshan ; rigs ; gras  don  (Moon.).
skor mkhan 	one who goes round; skor pa  one who turns a lathe; one who circumambulates or walks round a sacred object.
skor 'go 	rtsis kyi skor 'go rnam pa brgyad| (Vai. kar.) classes in astrology.  There are eight heads or sections according to Indian astrology; according to Tibetan astrology there are fifteen skor 'go  heads of astrology, such as about kings, ministers, priests, sages, mystics, queens, &c.; also about birth, growth, maidens, old persons, illness, husbandry, houses, service, &c.; 'tshong brgyab nas khe yong ba'i skor thang | about profit in trade; snan sbyar ba sogs tshad kyi skor thang | profit from the compounding of medicines and drugs; dngul sogs bskyis 'phel gyi skor thang | interest accruing from the laying out of silver (money).
skor rgyugs 	turning the enemy; getting into his rear (J‰.).
skor thag 	the cord of a lathe.
skor thang 	price or rate; also interest on anything in kind; in grain given as loan.
skor thig 	a pair of compasses; skor dbyug  a sling.
skor pa 	or skor ra pa  or skor mkhan  a turner; also one who goes on his rounds.
skor ba 	vb., pf., &c., fut. bskor ,  1. to fill with; to surround, encircle, enclose, besiege; to come again and again; to revolve: khang pa'i skor ba'i grong khyer ni| (A. K.) the town that was encircled (filled) with houses: skor thang can gyi mi gsum ni  the three men of those who were surrounding them: ya rtse rgyal po gYa' mas bskor| the Chief of the Ya-rtse mountains is surrounded by rugged rocks: ting rtsi rgyal po gangs kyis bskor  the Ti-rtse (Tise) mountain is surrounded by glaciers: kyu ra rgyal po chab kyis bskor  the Kyura Rgyalpo mountain is surrounded by water (D.R.).  2. to traverse; ride round a thing.  Also metaphorically in the religious sense: chos kyi 'khor lo skor ba  to preach, to propound the doctrine of Buddhism: tshogs kyi 'khor lo skor ba  to make mystic offerings (i.e., the symbolical offerings representing one's accumulated merits) to the Tantrik deities, and to observe the ceremonies thereof.  3. skor ba  or gYas skor  SANST the reverential ceremony of circumambulation which consists in walking round a holy object with one's right side towards it.  This is also called chos skor  SANST Buddhist circumambulation.  The Buddhist priests of Tibet perform this in contradistinction to bon skor  or the ceremony of the Bon, who reverences a sacred object by walking round it keeping it to his left.  The Bon ceremony is also called gYon skor , walking round a holy object keeping it to the left phyag dang skor ba byed pa , as a specification of religious duties, to make salutation and circumambulations.  nang skor  the inner path-way for circumambulating a holy place or shrine; phyi skor  the outer passage for the above object; bar skor  the middle pathway for the same; bskor byed  one who goes round or makes a circle or traverse.  Other usages of this verb are:- mgo skor ba or mgo skor byed pa  to befool, delude, deceive a person; kha skor ba  to make one alter one's sentiments; to divert one from a plan, &c.  bskor  in ma bskor dgu bskor  signifies if all were taken into account; the circumstances or things available (A. 142).  Syn. 'khor ba ; yang yang 'ong ba  (Moon.).
skor tsher 	on this occasion: skor tsher skyid pa zhig byung | on this (present) occasion prosperity arose.
skor res 	= res mos byed pa  in courses; in rotation, one coming after another and again going back.
skor lam 	a roundabout way; the way or passage round any sacred place, temple or town for pilgrims to circumambulate it; the pathway round about a monastery used for holy processions.
skor log pa 	a wrong turn: skor log la 'gro ba  to walk round an object in the wrong way, keeping it to his left.
skor shing 	a turner's lathe or tool.
skol ba 	= gdu ba  pf. and fut. bskol , to boil (vb., act., cf. 'khol ba 3): skol mi  one who boils tea.
skos pa 	v. sko ba 3.
skya 	1. crop; the produce of a year, i.e., lo tog ; skya rgyas  plenteous crop: da lo skya rgyas po byung | this year the crop has been abundant: da lo skya 'pham po byung | this year the crop has been unsuccessful (lit. "a loser").  2. a paddle; also ladle.  3. wall or partition, usually bar skya .  4. plain, without distinguishing colour, but see skya ba 3 below: skya gam  a plain unpainted box: skya chos  a blank book: skya zhwa  a plain hat without riband.
skya bag 	greyish colour; iron-grey colour (Jig.).
skya ka 	= skya ga  magpie; in Ld. n. of a bird (Cs.).  Syn. bya khra bo ; mgron gyi 'phrin skyel bya ; mngon shes can  (Moon.).
skya skya 	pale-white; grey colour.
skya rgyab pa 	to row; to ladle.
skya chen 	a superior kind of plain scarf (for presentation) (S. kar. 179).
skya nyil 	zinc.
skya tha le 	of plain white colour.
skya thud 	a kind of plain cheese made of pounded dried milk and butter but not with sugar.
skya thud leb 	a kind of cheese cake made of dried milk and butter.
skya thum 	a kind of cake or biscuit made without sugar or treacle.
skya thom me ba 	glaring white: skya thom me ba gcig rgyun du yong  at all times one of   (EEE The rest of this entry is missing in the original paper version.)
skya nar 	SANST, SANST  1. n. of a flower, Bignonia graveolens.  2. brown; buff.
skya nar khra bo 	also skya snar bkra bo  SANST, n. of a flower; skya snang bkra chen  SANST another species of Bignonia graveolens.
skya nar gyi bu 	SANST n. of a city in ancient India, Pataliputra, now supposed to be Patna.
skya nar ldan ma 	SANST, also SANST n. of a river in Ancient India; acc. to Bhavabhuti's description the river flowed by SANST or modern Narwar in Malwa SANST (SANST).  This latter name of the river occurs in Bhavabhuti's Malatimadhava, written early in the 8th century.
skya ba 	I: 1. vb. pf. bskyas , fut. bskya , to carry; convey to a place (a quantity of stones, wood, water, &c.).  2. = 'pho ba  to change place.  II: also skya bo  SANST, SANST grey or whitish grey; pale-white; mi skya  a secular personage; one clothed in no particular colour; a layman, from the grey colour of the coarse serge which is generally worn by the lay people of Tibet: skya ba'i dus  when (he was still) a layman, i.e., had not entered the sacred order (A. 126): skya ba'i dus nas  (A. 126) from the time I was a layman; sngo skya  light blue.  ljang skya  light green; dmar skya  light red; ser skya  SANST tawny; light yellow; lto skya  rice; barley without anything to eat it with; insipid miserable food; skya ba nyid  whiteness; faintness; ser skya'i grong  SANST the city of Kapila; ser skya'i gzhi  the residence of Kapila; ser skya'i gnas  SANST the hermitage of Kapila.
skya ba 'dzin 	= mnyan pa  or gru gtong mkhan  a rower (Moon.).
skya bo 	= dkar ser spres pa'i kha mdog  pale whitish yellow.
skya bo  i 	vulgar people; the common worldly men.
skya ma 	hard and rough soil for cultivation: sa la thag ma skya ma gnyis las  (Jig.) as to soil, two kinds, the alluvial or soft and the hard or gravelly.
skya ma na kha 	n. of a vast grassy plain or common belonging to the Government of Lhasa in ‹ (Central Tibet).
skya rtsa 	dry grass.
skya rtse 	a layman at the top (of a row): gdong gral gYon du skya rtse thob pa yin| the front left hand row of seats should have a layman heading it (Jig.).
skya ris 	outline, sketch, drawing of the outlines of a picture, which is generally done with charcoal in Tibet: de nas skya ris 'di lta bu dgos  then outlines of this kind are necessary (A. 108.).
skya reng 	also called skya mda'  SANST, n. of the lake from which (the Yang-tse kiang) the River of the Golden Sands takes its rise.
skya rengs nu bo 	SANST the several stages or divisions of the dawn which are:- skya rengs dmar  SANST the copper-red dawn; skya rengs dkar  SANST the white dawn (the earth); skya rengs ser , SANST the golden or yellow dawn; skya rengs dang po shar ba  SANST the first appearance of the dawn; skya rengs bar ma shar ba  SANST the appearance of the middle or the yellow dawn; skya rengs tha ma  SANST the last (stage of the) dawn.
skya lan 	also sku po  in C. morning; twilight; dawn.
skya leb 	= skya mjug  a rudder.
skya seng 	n. of a tree (J‰.); translation of the name Pandu.
skya seng gi bu 	SANST the sons of Pandu; skya seng gi bu lnga'i rgan pa rna can gyi ming  the names of Karna, the eldest of the Pandavaósa yi rna ba  SANST, aang ga'i rgyal po  SANST, rAa Zra skyes  SANST, 'joms byed bu , nyi ma dga'  SANST, rna ba can  SANST gYul ngor brtan pa'i ming  the names of Yu-dhirthiraóSANST, chos rgyal skyes  SANST, mi Z dka' thub can , chos kyi bu  SANST, ma skye dgra  SANST, kun gyi rna can , rjes skyes : 'jigs sde'i ming  the names of Bhima-senaóSANST; klu yi stobs ldan , tshogs las skyes , dpa' bo dul , rlung gi bu  SANST, sbrang rtsi 'joms : srid sgrub kyi ming  the names of SANST Arjunaóbu ram skra , stobs bzang dbang , 'dab bu che , snying po med , rnam par rgyal byed , brgya byin dga' , bzhon pa dkar po , bre ta Mo , dga' ba'i dbang gyur : tha chung lhar bcas kyi ming  the names of Asvinikumaras Sahadevaóskyes rgu skyes , lhan cig skyes , rigs med  SANST; lhar bcas  SANST skya seng gi bu lnga'i chung ma'i ming  the names of the wife of the five PandavaóSANST; rnam mo lnga len  SANST, SANST; ri skyes ma , ma skyo bo , skyid ma , bsod nams ma , grags ldan ma , mchod  in ma , rig byed skyes , rtag tu lang tsho ldan ma .
skya ser 	white and yellow, i.e., the laity and the clergy, the latter being distinguished from the former by their yellow dress.
skya sloms 	occurs in the passage yongs rtsis rtsi sloms skya sloms tshon rtsi med pa'i smyug ma'i slo  (Rtsii.).
skya lham 	leather boots put on by laymen.
skyag pa 	I: same as spang skyag   1. human excrement; also any kind of ordure.  2. bad man, the dreg or scum of society; mig skyag  secretion from the eyes; skyag pa gtong ba  to ease nature.  Syn. dri chen ; brun  (tun); mi gtsang ma  (Moon.).  II: 1. = rkyag pa 3.  2. pf. bskyogs , fut. bskyag , imp. skyog  to spend, lay out, expend: skyag sgo  expenditure or items of expenditure: skyag tho  list or account of expenses.  3. in W. skyog tang ce  to slaughter, to murder (J‰.).
skyag po 	SANST n. of a place in Tibet: skyag po 'dam ra  the marshy plain of skyag po .
skyang 	SANST; dmar skyang lta bu  reddish brown.
skyang nul +	= rnyong  or byug pa  SANST plaster; also pavement; clay-four; mud-flour; skyang nul byed pa  = zhal ba byed pa  to pave; to plaster; according to Sch. to rub, polish.
skyangs 	ashamed; in shame: skyangs gyur cing  being ashamed (A. K.).
skyabs 	SANST protection, defence; help, assistance: gnas skabs kyi skyabs  protection for the place and for the occasion: mthar thug gtan gyi skyabs  permanent and everlasting protection which according to the Buddhists can only be obtained from taking refuge in the three holies:- (1) Buddha who is the teacher is called skyabs ston pa  or the Refuge Master; (2) Dharma or the sacred doctrine called skyabs dngos , the real protection; (3) Saogha, the priesthood called skyabs sgrub pa'i grogs , the friend for gaining protection.  Refuge in these three completely liberates one from the miseries of the world and secures the state of omniscience for the devotee: skyabs gsum du 'gro ba'i tshig gsum  the three formula or expressions for seeking refuge in the three holies: (1) rkang gnyis kyi mchog sangs rgyas la skyabs su mchi'o| "I come for refuge to Buddha who is the chief of the two-footed"; (2) 'dod chags dang bral ba'i mchog chos la skyabs su mchi| "I come for refuge to Dharma which separates from desires"; (3) tshogs kyi mchog dge 'dun la skyabs su mchi'o| "I come for refuge to the priesthood, the chief of all assemblies."
skyabs mgon 	helper; protector; deliverer.  The Kyap-gon is the popular term for the Dalai Lama in Lhasa and for the Panchen Lama in Shigatse and throughout Tsang.  It is also applied to other incarnate lamas by courtesy.
skyabs mgon spug 	original or real protector; a complementary title of the Dalai Lama: skyabs mgon spug gi bka' rgya'i dgongs don bzhin  according to the spirit of the letter of command of the Protector.
skyabs mgon rtsi shod 	lit. the Protector (residing on the) top (of Potala and the court) below: skyabs mgon rtse shod la lo phyag sngon ma nang bzhin lo ltar zhar phyag med pa 'bul| "offer, without fail annually, as before, the new year's homage to the Grand Lama and his Court."
skyabs sgron 	SANST both protector and enlightener.
skyabs bcol 	rgya bod bla dpon rnams rang re'i rgyal thog rim can gyi 'go dpon skyabs bcol zhu gnas yin pa dgongs mngags bzhin|
skyabs bcol sa 	the place of refuge: skyabs bcol sa dkon mchog gsum las med| except the three precious ones there is no place of refuge.
skyabs 'jug 	= mgo 'dren  a blessing; favour; taken under protection: yid snon bzhin 'grub pa'i skyabs 'jug| blessing attained in accordance with one's mental prayer (Yig. k. 25).
skyabs 'jug zhu ba 	to ask benediction from the higher class of incarnate lamas for protection against disease, evil spirits, and other enemies, and also for a safe journey to heaven without falling into hell, &c.
skyabs gnas 	the place of refuge, shelter; also of persons, helper.
skyabs gnas rgya chen 	= mchod gnas  the great object of worship or adoration (Moon.).
skyabs pa 	= bskyabs  SANST protection; saved (Zam.).
skyabs bya 	the person who seeks refuge.
skyabs byed 	= bsrung ba  SANST protection, defence (Moon.).
skyabs byed pa 	to protect, help, save.
skyabs 'os 	SANST worthy of protection; also skyabs gsum  SANST the three protectors, i.e., Buddha, Dharma and Saogha.
skyabs su 'gro ba 	or skyabs 'gro ba  SANST to seek refuge; a going unto or repairing to for protection.  SANST or SANST has been defined in the Bodhicharyavatara as follows:- SANST "I take refuge in the three gems."  In the same work SANST has been substituted for it and it is found in the list of seven-fold highest modes of worship.
skyabs sems 	skyabs su 'gro ba'i sems bskyed| the idea of seeking refuge.
skyam phu 	a place in Tibet (Deb. 45).
skyar gog 	naked (in the dialect of Purang).
skyar bcag 	to bring into recollection, to bring back into memory anything that has been forgotten.
skyar po 	snipe; wood-cock (Sch.).
skyar ba 	= skyor ba , yang yang  SANST again and again.  Syn. skyar ba'i tshig ; skyor tshig  zlos tshig ; gnyis gsum zlos pa ; zlos gtam  (Moon.).
skyar rbab 	(Cs.) SANST a kind of dropsy; a greyish rheumatic swelling.
skyar mo 	a kind of water fowl; according to Sch. a heron.  The flesh of this fowl is antidote for a poison administered in Mongolia mixed with horse flesh (Sman gshuo).  chu skyar  duck (Cs., Sch.); bittern, but the SANST of the Lex. is a kind of goose.
skyar leb 	the sheldrake.
skyal 	SANST swimming.
skyal kha 	SANST leaping; a boat.
skyal gyis sgrol 	SANST crossing over by swimming.
skyal chen 	= nya pa  fish; a fisherman (Moon.).
skyas 	a changing of abode or residence; skyas chen po  death: skyas chen po ni 'degs  the great change of place that uplifts, i.e., death; skyas 'degs pa  to change one's dwelling place; (cf. skya ba 3) skyas chen 'degs pa  to die; vb. pf. bskyas , fut. bskya  or bskya bar bya , to transfer, and hence to depart this life.
skyas ma 	1. v. skyes ma 3.  2. fern (in Sikkim).
skyi 	1. interest on loan; skyi nor  wealth accrued from interest, i.e., money-lending; according to some borrowed wealth.  2. the outward side of a skin or hide (Cs.).
skyi dkar 	= ko ba rtsi kha dkar po  the white fatty side of a skin (Oag.): skyi dkar gyi pags pa  acc. to Cs., dressed leather; tanned leather, sometimes hide: skyi dkar gyi pags shog  parchment.
skyi khung 	a place in Tibet (Deb. ga 34).
skyi mkhar lha khang 	n. of a monastery in Tsang (Deb. ga 12).
skyi sgam 	a box, chest or trunk lined outside with dressed hide.
skyi bstums 	anything packed or tied round with dressed hide; a skin or hide to pack with: dkrong rtse skyi bstums ma .
skyi nag 	or skyi skyi na ga  n. of a pasture land in province Tsang.
skyi lpags 	chamois wash-leather (Sch.).
skyi ba 	I: a medicinal plant (Med.); acc. to J‰. potato.  II: vb. pf. bskyis , fut. bskyi , imp. skyis , to borrow, especially money or goods (cf. gYar ba 3 and 3skyin pa 3).
skyi bung 	cloud: de la kong rtse 'phrul gyi rgyal po yang skyi bung gyis song nas| thereupon the phantom King Kong-tse departed with the clouds (D.R.).
skyi bun 	prob. an itching of the skin (J‰.).
skyi gYa' 	= 'jigs pa  fear; dread (Moon.): skyi gYa' ba  to shiver, tremble with fear (Cs.); to be struck with panic.
skyi sha 	outward and inward side of a hide (J‰.); according to Sch. the anus.
skyig pa 	or skyigs pa  also skyigs bu  vulgo.  i khug  SANST, SANST hicough; yex; also a sob: gYer ma za ba sogs kyis kha nas gYigs byed pa| "coughing by those who eat the berry (gyer-ma)" (Oag.); skyigs bu brtseg par  to keep on sobbing.
skying khab 	in Hindi Kiokab, embroidery inlaid with gold and silk manufactured both in India and China.
skying ser 	eagle; vulture (J‰.).
skyings 	occurs in the passage 'gar bas yang skyings bzhin log ge snang  (D.R.).
skyid grong 	n. of a well-known town in Southern Tib., near sources of the Ganduk on Nepal border, commonly called Kirong: skyid grong gi ro bod bal 'bar la sgom du byon pa las| having come to meditate on the mountains of Kirong between Tibet and Nepal (Mil.).
skyid glu 	song of joy; a merry song.
skyid mgo 	beginning of happiness.
skyid chu 	"the river of happiness."  n. of northern tributary of the great Yeru Tsangpo or Brahmaputra River, on which tributary Lhasa in situated.
skyid ches 	comfortable: nged rnams skyid ches pa  we have been comfortable (A. 129).
skyid thabs 	comforts; mode of comfortable living: bu de bde thabs skyid thabs 'jam thabs kho na la  the son only sought for opportunities of happiness and comfort.
skyid dar 	a silk scarf presented to the bride at the time of marriage as a token of prosperity.
skyid lde nyi ma mgon 	n. of a King of Tibet: skyid lde nyi ma mgon 'di mnga' ris su phebs rgyal srid bzung | this Kyi-de —ima-gon came into Ngari and seized the kingdom (Loo.).
skyid sdug 	good and ill-luck, happiness and misery; one's general circumstances: skyid sdug ci byung kyang  whatever circumstances may happen: skyid sdug bsre ba  pleasure and pain intermingled.
skyid pa 	or skyid po  sbst. SANST, SANST, SANST happiness; adj. SANST happy: skyid po 'dod na gcig por sdad  if you wish to be happy, live alone, i.e., be a celibate (Lo. 27).
skyid zing nge 	= skyid stong nge  always happy; uninterrupted happiness: skyid zing zing byed pa  to be continuously happy.
skyid shod 	the district including the tracts in the lower valley of the river Kyi; the central district of dbus  or ‹, the province of which Lhasa is the chief city.
skyid lhan 	signifies skyid po la 'gro bar  to be prosperous; happy (Lo.).
skyin 	the Tibetan ibex, Capra sakeen: khye'u chung skyin gyi ral ka can gser gyi ral gri thogs pa gcig  (D.R.) a little boy who had the horns of an ibex holding a golden sword.  In Ladak the female ibex is differentiated as ldan mo .
skyin gor +	or skyin mgo  a lizard (Lex.); also called gangs spal  snow-frog.
skyin thang 	= ser ba  hail and sleet (Sch.).
skyin pa 	1. sbst. a loan; money borrowed irrespective of interest; nor bskyis pa'i skyin pa  loan producing interest; nga la 'di skyin du 'tshal  grant me this as a loan; skyin pa sprod pa  or skyin pa 'jal ba  to pay back or return a loan; nor skyin  a loan of money or goods; gos skyin  a loan of clothes; skyin pa len pa  to take on credit.  2. vb. pf. bskyin  to borrow.
skyin po 	chiefly colloq. resp. kar skyin  a loan; a thing borrowed; money advanced without interest (J‰.).
skyin mi 	acc. to Schr. a debtor.
skyin tshab 	a debt; any thing paid as equivalent of thing taken on loan.  In C. signifies same as tshab , the pledge for loan.
skyibs 	a place giving shelter (either in rock, under a tree, roof or cavern): brag gug gug gi lkog kyog na bya rnams bsdad pas brag des skyibs zhes pa skyabs pa'i don|de la bya skyibs zer  because birds dwell in the hollow of an over hanging rock, such rock known as skyibs is termed "bird-shelter" for the reason that it affords protection (Oag.) : brag skyibs  a sheltering place under an overhanging rock or a projecting roof: bka' skyibs  a covered terrace or small portico before a house: char skyib  shelter from rain.
skyim 	dressed leather painted red or in other colours, japanned or varnished leather.
skyil krung 	(kil-tun) the posture of sitting cross-legged serenely without moving the limbs; skyil krung byed pa  SANST to take a particular kind of posture practised by ascetics in meditation; skyil mo krung gi 'dug pa  or bzhugs pa  to sit in a cross-legged posture; sems dpa'i skyil krung  the mental concentration, or the posture of sitting perfectly still, of a Bodhisattva: rdo rje skyil krung  SANST the posture of sitting perfectly still without moving the body; the unchangeable posture of sitting cross-legged; rdzogs pa'i skyil krung  the posture of perfection, i.e., of a Buddha.
skyil ba 	pf. bskyil pa  or bskyil to , fut. bskyil bar bya  or bskyil   1. to pen up, shut up; to dam up a river; chu skyil ba  to bank up water; chu rdzing du skyil ba  to collect water in a pond; chu rdzing bur skyil ba  to collect water for a pond.  When the water collects itself into a pool or tank it is called chu 'khyil ba : zag med bdud rtsi'i btung ba mtsho ltar bskyil  the exhaustless drink of ambrosia stands collected like a sea.  [2. to bend, esp. the legs when sitting on the ground after Oriental fashion; also to bend in another's leg by a kick from behind; to bend the bow (J‰.)].
skyil mo krung 	= 'dug stangs  posture of sitting; it is same as rdo rje skyil krung  (Moon.).
skyu gang 	1. acc. to Sch. a gulp; draught.  2. dough made of flour with tea: skyu gang gi rtsam pa'i spags za ba'i dus spags kyis kong kong skyogs 'dra ba bzos nas mar khu gcus byed kyi ming | (Oag.) at the time of eating pap of barley flour the dough becomes formed like a hollow bowl and the name of the rounded buttery lump is kyu-gang: lam du ja skol spags za dus mar khu btab ste|skyu gang bzos te  on a journey when eating barley flour mixed with butter and boiled tea the dough so made (Lo.).
skyu ra sgang 	one of the six districts of khams  designated under the name of sgang drug .  The six Sgao are the following:- (1) skyu ra sgang , (2) rab sgang , (3) spo 'bor sgang , (4) dmar khams sgang , (5) tsha sgang la  (6) zal mo sgang .
skyu ru 	I: a kind of medicinal fruit called skyer shun .  II: in Sikk. and skyur mo  in Lhasa, signify a sour liquid or vinegar (J‰.).
skyu ru ra 	1. n. of a sour fruit said to cure the diseases of phlegm, bile and blood.  2. J‰. in his Dict. says: "In later times the word seems to have been used also for the olive, and skyu-ru shin, the olive tree, which in Sikkim is called kha skyur-pohi shio."  Syn. rgyal 'bras ; zhi byed ; bcud lnga pa ; lang tsho brtan byed ; na tshod gnas ; dpal ldan ; bcud gnas ; ma ma  (Moon.).
skyu rum 	= tshod ma'i ming  (Oag.)  1. n. of a kind of table vegetable.  2. condiment; sauce; pickle (Cs.).  According to others, at least in W., only the resp. word for spags : (J‰.) skyu rum sbyor ba  to prepare sauce, &c.; sha yi skyu rum  sauce made of vinegar for meat; tshod ma'i skyu rum  sauce made of vegetable or pot-herbs.
skyug pa 	pf. skyugs   1. SANST to vomit, eject, e.g., blood; skyugs tu 'jug pa  to cause to vomit; skyug pa dren pa  to excite vomiting; ngan skyugs  vomit (it is the food of certain demons, and being boiled in it is one of the punishments of hell) (J‰.).  2. to loss colour; to stain.
skyug nyes pa 	SANST that cannot be taken or eaten.
skyug ldad 	rumination; chewing the cud; acc. to Sch. eructation: skyu ldad byed pa  SANST to chew the cud as cattle.
skyug bro ba 	or skyug log  = zhe mer ba  nausea (Moon.); also what is repulsive to taste or sight or smell; causing nausea; skyug bro ba'i nad  the disease of nausea; skyug bro bas  from disgust (to eat anything); skyug bro  in C. shameful; impure with regard to religion (J‰.).
skyug snan 	= skyug byed  an emetic; a medicine causing to vomit.
skyug log pa 	(Sch.) to feel disgust, v. skyug bro ba 3.
skyugs po 	= gsal ba   1. clear.  2. n. of a bird the bill of which is of coral colour.  Syn. byu ru'i mchu can ; yul ngan 'bod ; grang reg pho nya  (Moon.).
skyung ba 	pf. bskyungs pa , fut. bskyung , imp. skyungs , to diminish or reduce; bskum pa  or also 'bri ba , nyung du btang ba ; skyungs  reduced; subdued: bskyungs  nga rgyal bskyungs nas stan la 'dug pa na  (A. 10) "he was seated on his cushion after his pride was subdued."  Acc. to J‰. in C. skyuo-wa, to leave behind; to lay aside, e.g., a task.
skyud pa +	to forget, resp. thugs brjed shor ba  forgetfulness; acc. to J‰. to leave off: bskyud pa  (Zam. 10).  Acc. to Sch. to communicate; to swallow.
skyur ba 	1: vb. pf. and fut. bskyur  to throw, to cast; to leave off; rgyab tu skyur  SANST to cast behind; ring tu skyur ba  to throw at a distance: lhung bzed nam mkha' la bskyur nas  having flung his mendicant's platter towards the sky; chu la skyur ba  to throw into the water.  skyur  also implies btang  to mix; throw; pour out; to throw away; throw down a stone, a corpse, &c.: bdag chang 'thung rgyu skyur bzhag pa yin  I have left off drinking beer.  lud pa skyur ba  to eject a phlegm; to throw off a rider; to give up, abandon a work; to forsake a friend; to abort (A. 155.).  II: SANST, SANST adj. sour, acid; more frequently skyur po  also skyur mo .  Also sbst. sourness.
skyur pa 	SANST bleached; bleaching: zla ba lta bu  like the moon bleached, or white like the moon.  skyur po  SANST acid; sour.
skyur khu 	1. a sour soup; sour juice.  2. rang skyur  vinegar (in Sikkim "skyur-ru," in Lahoul "skyur-mo").
skyur gong 	also skyur dad , same as skyur ngon .  skyur  signifies "thrown" and gong  over; hence one over-powered by wine; a drunkard: skyur gong che ba la bud med la dga' ba  one who is overpowered by wine delights in women: mi skyur gong can la chags sgo yod| a tipsy man is contemptible: mi nag chang gi smyo na skyur 'gong 'char  if a layman is intoxicated with beer, drunken noisiness arises (Rdsa. 11).
skyur ngom 	or skyur dad  = chang mang po 'thung dgos  necessity (by habit) to drink; passion for drinking.
skyur can 	powerful; spirited.
skyur 'jug pa 	to leaven to turn sour; to take a sour taste; kha skyur po  or kha sha skyur po  olive (J‰.).
skyur tum 	SANST a condiment; sauce; tshor ba'i ming  a sour vegetable curry.
skyur byed gsum 	= 'bras bu gsum  the three sour medicinal fruits; also called kun dang mthun pa'i skyur byed gsum  "the three myrobalan which agree with all" and are:- (1) aa ru , (2) ba ru , (3) skyu ru  (Sman. 447).
skyur ma 	abortion; in W. chu skyur , gYang skyur , capital punishment in Tibet, when the deliquent, with a weight fastened to his neck, is thrown from a rock into a river (J‰.).
skyur mo 	leaf of the Ela plant; Elettaria cardamomum, v. e la'i 'dab 3 (Moon.).
skyur rtsi 	= shing ka ped tha  a kind of lemon (Moon.).
skyur rtsi chung 	SANST the smeller species of orange.
skyur rtsi chen po 	SANST n. of a kind of lemon.  Syn. so rtsi ; legs 'dzin ; rab gnas me tog ; snying rje ; gso dga' byed ; rnam par mdzes  (Moon.).
skyur shing 	= rag chung shing  n. of a plant (Moon.).
skyus 	acc. to Sch. skyus thog pa  altogether: skyus su klog pa  to pronounce jointly, viz., two consonants without a vowel between them (J‰.).
skye 	v. skyed 3, and 3skye ba 3.
skye dgu 	= skye bo kun  SANST all beings.  This word is sometimes written as skye rgu .  dgu  "nine," in the word skye dgu  signifies many: skye dgu ma rung ba  or skye dgu ma rung ba'i bsam pa can  wicked and vicious animals or sensate beings (K. du. ga 453).
skye dgu'i bdag po 	= skar ma snar ma  SANST  1. n. of the fourth constellation (Moon.).  2. tshangs pa  the god Brahma of the Hindus (Moon.).
skya dgu'i bdag mo 	SANST the step-mother and first governess of Buddha; also a name of the goddess Paldan Lhamo.
skye 'gro 	= 'gro ba  SANST beings or moving beings; also skye bo  human being (Moon.).
skye 'gro yongs kyi mdog gsal 	= sbrang rtsi  honey (Sman. 73).
skye rgas 	contraction of skye ba dang rga bas , by birth and old age, i.e., death.
skye sgo 	1. entrance to rebirth, viz., to one of the six regions of birth: skye sgo gcod pa  to prevent birth, to lock it up.  2. face: skye sgo legs pa  a handsome face; skye sgo zhan pa  an ugly face; also kha sgo skye 'bras legs pa  is said for having a handsome exterior.
skye ngan 	SANST lit. "a bad man," but also a dwarf.
skye mched 	I: = dbang po  SANST the sources and places of origin of the senses.  Of these are four:- (1) nam mkha' mtha' yas skye mched  SANST a world as infinite as the sky; (2) rnam shes mtha' yas skye mched  SANST a world as formless as consciousness; (3) ci yang med pa'i skye mched  SANST a world as unlimited as void; (4) 'du shes med 'du shes med ming skye mched  SANST a world where there is neither consciousness nor unconsciousness.  II: the inner and outward organs of sense.
skye mched mu bzhi 	is said to mean 'jig rten khams kyi ming , n. of the world.
skye 'chi med pa 	without birth or death; eternal.
skye gnas 	1. birth-place; station or locality of a plant; also = mo dbang  SANST the female generative organ.  2. SANST the state or sphere of birth or rebirth; byol song gi skye ba  the being born as an animal; skye ba bzhi  or skye gnas bzhi  the four states or ways of being born.
skye gnas mtshungs pa 	= ming sring  brother and sister (Moon.).
skye ba 	pf. skyes  to be born: nga la bu skyes pa yin  I have given birth to a son, or to me a son has been born.  mngal skyes  or mngal nas skye ba  SANST viviparous; born of the womb.  sgong skye  or sgo nga las skye ba  SANST born out of an egg or oviparous; drod gsher skyes  SANST moisture-sprung; born out of heat and humidity; rdzus skyes  SANST apparitional; born in a supernatural way like the gods who, it is said, spring out from lotus flowers; also the inhabitants of the infernal regions; souls in that state of existence between death and rebirth which is called bar do ; pho skyes  a male; a man; also one who has done a manly work; mo skyes  a woman; female: skye rga na 'chi ba'i sdug bsngal  the evils of birthóold age, sickness and death.  II: SANST  1. the being born; the birth; also re-birth; skye ba mtho ba  high birth; of high birth; nobleman; male; skye ba dma' ba  or skye dma'  or skye dman  of low birth; ignoble; also a woman: mi lus thob kyang skye ba dman  born a human being, it is true, but only a female.  skyes dman , in colloquial kyer-men, a vulgar word for wife or woman: oe "skyer-men" my woman or wife: mir skye ba bzhen pa  to take or assume rebirth, existence, life.  III: 1. to become; to begin to exist; to arise: nad kun mi skye skyes pa'ang 'chi ba'i phyir  utne morbus ullus nascatur, natus qouque sedetur (J‰.).  khe'u khros pa'i sems skyes te  the youthóthoughts of wrath arising (in him).  2. to grow (nasci): lung pa 'bru skye ba  valleys where corn grows: ru mgo la skye  a horn is growing on the head.  3. = 'phel ba  SANST, SANST, SANST growing up, or grow up; thriving.  4. to grow (crescere); cher  or chen por skye ba  to grow up; to grow tall: ras kyang lus kyi tshad du skyes so| the garment also grew to the measure in proportion to the growth of the body, i.e., rtul phod par skyes so| he grew up a valiant man; become a valiant man; to bud, germinate, sprout; in W. to accelerate the germinating of the seed by maceration.  IV:  1. v. skye gnas 3 in a concrete sense the reborn individual: yum gyi skye ba yin  she is the rebirth of the mother.  2. the arising, etc.  3. the growing, etc.
skye ba rgyal 	= skyes ba  a person.
skye ba rgyun gcod 	to stop the continuance of birthóto interrupt it.  Syn. brag spras ; gab ming  (Mio.).
skye ba lnga pa 	= dung dkar gYas 'khyil  SANST a conch shell with its coil reverting to the right instead of to the left (Moon.).
skye ba snga 	SANST former birth; anterior birth; skye ba snga ma'i re kha  the lines or marks in the hand or head which are supposed to represent the symbols of one's acts in a former life.
skye ba mthun pa 	is defined as rigs rus gcig par skye ba'am nyin gcig skye ba  "the being born of one and the same lineage or the being born on one day."
skye ba dang 'jig pa 	birth and death, or passing away; frequently of thoughts, passions, &c. (the person as well as the thing in the accusative).
skye ba dran pa 	SANST remembrance of a former birth.
skye ba bdun 	seven periods of life.
skye ba 'di la 	in this my present period of life.
skye ldan 	= sems can  animated beings (Moon.).
skye ldum 	a plantain (in Zayul) (Snd. Hbk.).
skye ba spel 	= 'khrig pa  to copulate.  Syn. dga' mgur  od ; chags  od ; 'dod log  od ; dbang po gnyis sbyor ; log gYem ; gsang  od ; mi tshangs  od  (Moon.).
skye ba phyi ma 	= tshe phyi ma  future birth or existence.
skye ba phra mo 	= 'bu phra mo  an animalculÊ; also a small grain (Moon.).
skye ba gzhan 	SANST a future or previous birth.
skye ba rig pa 	inherited intelligence: khams thams cad 'byung ba lngar shes pas skye pa rig pa  that all the elements from which we spring are known to be five is hereditary knowledge.
skye ba'i cha can 	= khyi  a dog.  Syn. rdo rje mjug ma ; seng ge'i rigs ; grong gi gcan gzan  (Moon.).
skye ba'i lam ster 	= ma  mother (Moon.).
skyes bas mtho 	= skyes pa  of high birth; man.
skye bas 'thob 	SANST or SANST inheritance; heritage.
skye bo 	1. a general name for all living creatures: mi la sogs pa skye bo  man and other living beings.  2. people; mankind; 'phrul bcas skye bo  infatuated men; skye bo mkhas pa gzhan rnams  other intellectual people; skye bo mang po'i yid du 'ong ba  beloved by many; mi nag skye bo  laymen (on account of the dimness of their religious knowledge); so so skye bo  SANST the lower clergy, common monks, but also simple laymen if they are not quite without religious knowledge; not of saintly origin; not an incarnate Lama; skye bo thams cad la phan yon| SANST useful to all; of public utilitysha  Syn. skye 'gro .
skye bo bkres pa 	hungry person: gling der gnas pa'i skye bo bkres pa  the people residing in that country (or continent) are (always) hungry (K. d. za 143).
skye bo ngan pa 	SANST a charlatan; a knave: skye bo ngan dang 'grogs pa yis|skye bo dam pa rlag par byed| by friendship with a bad man a holy man is spoiled (Can.).
skye bo dam pa 	SANST a good or holy man; an incarnate being.
skye bo gnas pa 	SANST a place of habitation.
skye bo phal po che'i phan pa 	SANST of good or use to the general public.
skye bo tshan po che 	a large number of men; a crowd; tshan po  implying a large number.
skye bo gso thig 	n. of a treatise on ethics by Nagarjuna (Tan d. go 176).
skye bo'i gtam 	SANST, SANST popular talk; rumour.
skye bo'i tshogs 	SANST assembly; a crowd.
skye bo'i tshogs can 	= snad 'tshong ma'i gtso mo  queen of the harlots (Moon.).
skye bos bskur ma 	v. snad 'tshong ma'i gtso mo 3 (Moon.).
skye bos dben pa 	a solitary man.
skye med btsan sa zin pa 	attained to an exalted state of existence from which there is no rebirth.
skye rmongs 	= skyes bu rmongs pa  a stupid man; one who is sunk in pleasures or sordid acts.
skye tshe 	SANST mustard; skye tshe'i 'bru  SANST mustard grain.
skye zla 	the month or the particular phase of the moon in which one is born (Ya-sel. 11).
skye rags 	v. ske rags 3 for girdle.  The term in Mil. book, skye-rags-kyi ras hdi, seems an inversion of the intended order of the words.
skye shing 	= sdong rkang spod  a tree with a huge trunk.
skye ser gyi rlung 	the cold north wind called skye-ser-rluo in Mil.: byang skye ser gyi rlung po ma rgyab na|lho ru tsan dan gyi nags mi 'gul| if the north wind does not blow, the sandal trees in the south do not move.
skye srid sa bon 	= pha  father (Moon.).
skyeg 	= keg or kag misfortune.
skyegs 	1. n. of a bird; chu skyegs  coot; water-hen (Sch.); ri skyegs  a large singing bird (Cs.); also according to Sch. grouse; heath cock.  2. rgya skyegs  shell-lac (J‰.).
skyeng ba 	or skyengs pa  SANST to be ashamed; shame; bashfulness: kha skyeng ba  or zhal skyeng ba  to be unable to reply out of shame.
skyeng ser rlung 	v. skye ser gyi rlung 3.
skyengs pa med 	SANST; = ngo tsha med  shameless (Moon.).
skyed 	and skye  1. growth; progress; increase: tshe skyed  longevity or increase of life: lus skyed  growth of the body: dbang thang skyed  growth of wealth and power: stobs skyed  increase of strength: nus pa skyed  increase of efficacy or ability: skyed che bar 'gyur ba  to grow much: gzhan gyi zla skyed pas de'i zhag skyed che  his daily growth was greater than the growth of others in a month (J‰.): ur ba'i chu yis zhing skyed 'dra  just as the water of the irrigation canals makes growth in the fields; skyed gyis 'tsho ba  to nurse up; skyed yong  shall make progress.  2. interest; profit; gain: dngul skyed  profit in silver or money; 'bru skyed  interest of corn loan; skyed du gtang ba  to lay out or to give on interest (Cs.): nad la skyed med  (this) is of no use for that disease (J‰.).
skyed sgo 	not improbably rgyal sgo , principal door (J‰.).
skyed can 	I: yielding interest or profit (Cs.).  II: v. tsan dan sbrul gyi snying po 3 the sandal-wood called 'snake's heart' (Moon.).
skyed cig 	yar skyed cig  let it grow up, thrive.
skyed pa 	I: vb. pf. bskyed , act. to skye ba , to procreate, generate, and, sometimes, to bring forth; give birth to: sha khrag lus 'di bskyed pa'i pha dang ma  the parents who generated this body of blood and flesh: sangs rgyas thams cad bskyed pa'i yab dang yum  the father and mother who have begotten all the Buddhas: skyed byed  tree.  II: 1. to produce, form, cause; and metaph. to generate (opposite to med par byed pa  to destroy, annihilate); e.g., diseases, fear, roots of virtue, merit: bsod nams kyi tshogs sa bon  the accumulation of merits or the seed or germ of virtue.  Fig. 'bras bu  retribution: spro ba bskyed pas|de'i pha ma yang spro ba cung zad skyes nas| joy having arisen (in him), is parents also were caused a little joy: thams cad gyis btson 'grus bskyed do  they all created zeal; took great pains: ces bsam pa bskyed nas  thus were thoughts generated (J‰.).  2. skyed pa  or skyed po  SANST, SANST father.
skyed 'phel 	yod pas med la bu lon skyed 'phel thong  (the rich one) who has should give loan on interest to one who has not (Kathao. ka 115).
skyed byed 	applies to father or earth; also to a tree; skyed byed pa  blowing: ji srid rlung ni skyed byed pa  SANST as the wind blows (A. K. 2-7).
skyed ma 	= skyed byed ma  SANST mother; also SANST shadow; shade.
skyed tshal 	SANST, SANST, SANST the so-called Tibetan park; artificial grove; also skyed mos tshal .
skyed rim 	SANST the kind of Tantrik meditation in which one has to imagine himself to be a god with a view ultimately to be changed into a god: rdzogs rim  SANST, in which according to the Tantrik process one has to pass through five stages of development before attaining the Bodhisattva rank.  (EEE skyed rim  is a mistaken spelling of bskyed rim 3 q.v.)
skyen 	SANST Thorn.
skyen pa 	= mgyogs pa  (Oag.)  1. quick, swift: khro la skyen pa  or sdang skyen pa  swift to wrath: byed skyen pa .  2. rash, hasty, precipitate.  3. nimble; dexterous: 'phong skyen pa  dexterous in shooting; a skilful archer.
skyen la 	colloq. C. "upwards" (Snd. Hbk. 94).
skyem pa 	resp. to be thirsty; skyems   1. thirst.  2. drink, beverage, especially beer; also zhal skyems  or zhal skoms ; skyems 'dren pa  to offer or set before an honoured person something to drink; skyems bzhes pa  to accept of it; to take it; skyems la gsol ras byed pa  to be permitted to drink beer in company; gshegs skyems  a carousal on the departure of an honoured person; drink offerings to a lama on his departure (Mil. kha 12a); gser skyems  an offering of beer or wine to the gods for the good success of an enterprize, a journey, etc., also for recovery from illness: gser skyems pa  "the offerer of golden drink"; a Tantrik priest who offers the drink to the gods; among the religious dancers of Tibet the priest who offers wine to the gods for invocation is called Gser-skyems-pa.
skyem byed ma 	SANST the goddess Isvari.
skyem shog 	a kind of superior paper manufactured in the town of skyems  in the district of Dwags-po; this paper is of large size, generally measuring two feet by six feet in size.
skyems 	n. of a place in  ags stod  Upper Dbags-po.
skyems chang 	beer; skyems chu  drinkable water; drinking water.
skyems stong rdzong 	the fort of Skyems-stoo; skyems sprags lung  the place where the finest Daphne paper called skyems-shog is manufactured.
skyems tshug 	cup; dish (Sch.): skyems sing  small beer-cup (J‰.).
skyems bzang 	pleasant beverage, such as good wine or savoury tea.
skyems gsol 	resp. beverage drink: maq ra ba'i glu ya rabs skyems gsol| (the lady) Mandarava sang and offered drink to the superior (personages).
skyer skya 	= tshos kha'i mdog ser skya  reddish brown (Oag.).
skyer skyer 	solitary; perfectly solitary: skyer skyer mi dang 'gul 'gul khyi  lonely without men; where not even a dog stirs about.
skyer kha 	a kind of dye; colour; SANST, SANST yellow dye; a light yellow colour.
skyer chu 	n. of a river of spa gro  (Pa-ro) in Bhutan.
skyer pa 	the barbery; applied to the plant and its wood from which a yellow dye is extracted; the flower of this plant is said to be cure for diarrhúa, its fruit draws out bilious matters and its yellow bark is useful in dropsy, etc,: skyer khaº  a confection of skyer pa  useful in eye diseases.  Syn. khu ba ser po ; dus skyes , shing ser , shi la dru  (Moon.).
skyer dman 	= skyes dman  a woman.  The former is a corruption of the latter and, sounded kyermen, is one of the most familiar terms in the colloquial for "wife" or "woman."
skyer shing 	SANST, SANST n. of a tree, Flacourtia cataphracta.
skyel gyur 	SANST removal of articles, furniture, etc. (to another place): skyel che ba  SANST, SANST frequent removal or changing.
skyel thung 	to accompany or to escort one from the place of starting to a distance on the way: lha btsun pas thag ring por skyel thung mdzad nas  Lah tshun-pa having accompanied the party to a long distance (A. 129); skyel thung byed pa  or gshegs skyel byed pa  to accompany one to a short distance (generally with some wine for his refreshment).  skyel dar , acc. to Lex. also in colloq., presentation scarf of the departing person to those that had accompanied him for a short distance.
skyel ba 	I: pf. and fut. bskyal , imp. skyol   1. to carry, take away: shi ba'i ro skyel ba  to take away the body of the dead (Cs.): shing ma skyal cig  do not bring wood: skyal shog  bring!  skyal song  take away!  2. to send, e.g., clothes, to somebody.  3. to risk, to stake (one's life rang srog ).  4. to use, to employ: ba glang las byed pa la skyal  use an ox for work; las byed pa la mi tshe skyal  to devote one's whole life to work; las byed pa la mi tshe skyal  to devote one's whole life to work.  le lo nang na  in idleness; gtor ma glud skyel ba  to cast away as a ransom in the torma sacrifice; kha skyel ba  to kiss (J‰.); gnod pa skyel ba  to do harm; to hurt; inflict an injury; to play one a trick; mna' skyel ba  to swear; take an oath; blo skyel ba  to rely; depend upon: repose confidence.  II: pf. and fut. bskyel , imp. skyol   1. to conduct; accompany; resp. gdan skyel ba ; skyal la shog; conduct him hither; bsu bskyal  going to meet and to accompany; gshegs skyel byed pa  resp. to accompany an honoured person on departing; to see him off.
skyel ma 	SANST an escort; convoy: skyel mar yod  he is a guide (to me): skyel ma zhu  grant us safe conduct.  dmag dang bcas pa'i skyel ma  a military escort; skyel rogs byed pa  to escort or accompany one to a place.
skyel mi 	an escort: lha sa nas skyel mi dgos rigs sngar rgyun ltar mi dpon nas gtong ba bcas bgyis| should arrange for the escort (skyel-mi) of those formerly entitled to that privilege from Lhasa.
skyes 	I: 1. v. ska 3.  2. v. 3skyed 3.  3. 3skye ba 3.  II: also skyas ma  or skyos ma , khyos ma  resp. gnang skyes  SANST, SANST, SANST a present; news, tidings; 'byon skyes  = phebs skyes  a present given to or received from somebody on his arrival or going away; skyes chang  a present of beer: skyes chen  a present sent with a letter, etc. (Oag.); skyes khur  present of cakes; skyes lan  a present made in return (Cs.).  III: SANST, SANST, SANST birth or growth; growing or grown; rang skyes  self-grown; zhing skyes  born in a grove; lhan skyes  SANST or SANST born together; pho skyes  male; mo skyes ; female; sngags skyes  of enchanted growth; born out of charms: zhing skyes lhan cig skyes dang sngags skyes kyi mkha' 'gro'i tshogs kyis bu la ma bzhin du brtse bar dgongs nas dngos grub kun stsol zhing bgegs kun nye bar zhi ba'i bka' drin mdzod| as the assemblage of khadoma fairies, who have been born in groves and born simultaneously and are of magic birth, are meditating lovingly as a mother towards a son, may the grace be granted of all manner of perfect knowledge being bestowed and of all demons being speedily soothed!
skyes sgra can 	= ra  goat (Moon.).
skyes nges 	SANST certain of being born or reborn.
skyes chen 	a present with or as an enclosure to a letter, explained in Oag. as yig rten lta bu nor bskur ba  that which is sent as a support to a letter.
skyes chen sgrub gnas 	a hermitage of holy persons.
skyes chen dam pa 	a holy incarnate person: bsod nams rgya mtsho sogs skyes chen dam pa brgya phrag mang po la gus 'dud dang dad 'bul rgya cher mdzad do| "Sˆ-nam Gya-tso and others made salutations and offerings in full form to many hundred holy incarnate ones" (Loo. 'a 14).
skyes mchog 	SANST or SANST an incarnate personage; a Mahatma: skyes mchog bzhi|rgya nag gi bla ma mkhas pa chen po bzhi yi mtshan  the names of four great learned lamas of China, the four incarnate ones:- (1) ha phu shi , (2) wen wang , (3) ci'i kyung  (4) khung tse  (confucius) (Grub. tha 7).
skyes ldan 	= mi  i  SANST mankind (Moon.).
skyes sdong 	skyes la sdong  in Sikkim the banana, plantain; from Hindi ke-la and sdoo, a plant: la is dropt in conversation, hence ke-la and sdoo are abbreviated into "ke-doo."  In the districts of Upper Tib. and W. ke-doo signifies a layman.
skyes nag 	= mi skya nag  in C. widower (J‰.).  skye nag  stands for skyes bu nag po  (lit. black person) a layman = mi-nag: mi nag gi grong skad  in the country dialect of the lay people.
skyes pa 	I: 1. man; male person.  2. = lo tog  SANST the year-crop; produce.  3. shar ba  SANST adult; full grown.  Ex. of 1. skyes pa dang bud med  men and women; rgyal po gcig po skyes pa yin| man; the king alone is a man (J‰.); skyes pa 'dra ba'i bud med| SANST a woman resembling a man, i.e., possessing masculine appearance and virtues.  Syn. skyes bu pho ; skyes pa rgyal ; skyes bas mtho ; khu ba'i bdag nyid ; skyong byed ; 'zan pho ; lnga skyes ; mi pho ; ling ga can  (Moon.).  II: pf. of skye ba  = 'phel ba  also SANST, SANST growth or grown up.  III: = 'khrungs pa  born.
skyes pa dar ma 	full: manhood.
skyes pa 'brus phyung pa 	according to some: an eunuch, one who is made so artificially.  Syn. 'og med ; dbang po nyams pa ; khyim khol ; btsun mo'i khol po ; bud med dga' bral ; ral gu can ; 'khrig mi nus ; 'bras dbyung ba ; nyug rum pa ; bcos pa'i ma ning  (Moon.).
skyes pa'i rgyu skar *	SANST (Schf.) the particular star or constellation under which one is born.
skyes spor 	the measure used by creditors in receiving back the loan of grain, etc.: lhas spor dang lhas srang gsum bzhi skyes spor che  "a large kye-phor contains 3 or 4 ounces in measure or weight."
skyes ba rgyal 	= skyes pa  or mi pho  a man or male person (Moon.).
skyes phan 	= na chung  SANST a damsel, maiden.
skyes bu 	SANST man, esp. a holy man; person; skyes bu gang  whosoever; human (Med.); one: skyes bu lag pa brkyang ba tsam gyis  as quick as one stretches out his hand (J‰.); skyes bu dam ba  SANST a saint; dad ldan skyes bu  the believing; the faithful.  According to some Tibetan grammarians skyes bu  applies both to men and women: skyes bu gang zag dad pa can|gang zhig lha rnams mchod byed pa|ston pa'i bka' bzhin byed pa ste|de ni sangs rgyas rnams kyis bsngags| (K. du. kha 96) that human being who is faithful, and who worships the gods (saints) and acts according to the commands of the Teacher is praised by the Buddhas.
skyes bu skyes mchog 	SANST the chief among men.
skyes bu khya mchog 	SANST the leader of men.
skyes bu can 	rta dang bcas pa'i skyes bu  a horseman; one on horseback.  Syn. rta pa ; rta la gzhon pa  (Moon.).
skyes bu mchog 	SANST a superior person; lama; also khyab 'jug  Virnu: skyes bu chen po  SANST a great man or saint; an epithet of Buddha.
skyes bu mtho 	= klu shing  n. of a tree supposed to grow in the land of the Naga (Moon.).
skyes bu nag po 	same as ming can nag po  n. of a kind of flower (Sman. 447).
skyes bu pho 	= skyes pa  man or male person.
skyes bu 'bring 	= skyes bu bar ma  or skyes bu dbus ma  SANST the second person; personal pronoun in grammar.
skyes bu'i 'khrugs pa 	SANST pride, self-respect.
skyes bu'i ngos 	SANST, SANST manliness; manly self-respect or confidence.
skyes ma 	1. fem. of skyes-pa, a female; she that has been born.  2. mna' ma  a bride.  3. skyes ma  fern in Sikkim.
skyes ma thag 	as soon as born; newly born.
skyes ma thag pa 	a new-born infant.  Syn. btsas ma thag pa ; zho 'thung ba ; gzhib 'thung ; 'jib 'thung ; 'khyud 'thung ; 'o ma'i mgrin pa can  (Moon.).
skyes dman 	in the vulg. language a woman; = chung ma  or bud med  (Moon.).
skyes rdzongs 	cultivation; a farm.
skyes gzugs 	SANST gold; birth; form or born-shape; stature; figure (gold).
skyes rabs 	SANST a series of alleged births of an individual, or legendary history of these, and especially accounts of the different births of Buddha.
skyes so cog 	ancestors: skyes tshad thams cad ; snga rabs kyi pha dang mes po yang mes la sogs pa|skyes so cog kyang rim par shi ste|da lta ni ming gi lhag tsam du gyur  father, grandfather, great-grandfather, &c., ancestors of the former generations having successively died, now nothing remainpha but their names.
skyo 	or skyo ba , SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST grief; sorrow; grieving; mourning.
skyo 'gyed 	weariness dispersed: bde ba can dag skyo 'gyed pas|khyod gsung kun dang 'tsham par 'jug| the inhabitants of the land of bliss relieved of weariness accept all your precepts (Lam-rim.).
skyo nges 	= sems skyo ba  to repent; repentance (Moon.).
skyo ngogs 	quarrel; 'khrug long  (Lex.), esp. sngar gyi rtsod pa slar yang slong ba  reviving of old feuds and dissensions.
skyo ba 	1. sngar gyi rtsod sa  old quarrels and feuds.  2. repentance; sorrow: sems skyo ba bskyed la ri khrod 'grim| he wanders on mountain ranges to induce repentance (Lo.).
skyo bran 	servant; slave: mi ser skyo ba dang tshe gang gi gYog po  a slave for life.
skyo ma 	I: 1. quarrel; litigation.  2. thin gruel, gruel of rice and tea, thin paste of wheat oatmeal: skyo ma bzhes pa'i rgya mtsho nub ba lang  od kyi gling 'das nas yod| the ocean called Skyoma-wa lies beyond the continent of Godaniya (K. d. ra 234).  II: v. khrim pa   1. one convicted.  2. SANST, SANST penitence; smaller transgression: skyo ma snga btsan sngon rtsod pa byung ba'i dus su khrims kyis bcad pa  one who was once convicted before on the occasion of a former dispute.  (EEE In II. above "khrim pa " is a spelling error and even assuming that the spelling should be khrims pa , the definitions given seem incorrect, a khrims pa  being someone who ensures that the law is followed (e.g., a monitor, disciplinarian, etc.  See under khrims 3.)
skyo ma can 	adj. slanderous (Cs.); skyo ma byed pa  a slandering (Cs.).
skyo med 	= mtho ris kyi gnas  the heaven, where there is no penitence.  Syn. dal 'dzin gnas bzang ; bde 'gro ; bde ldan ; mtho ris rgyal srid ; skabs gsum gnas ; steng gi 'jig rten ; glub pa'i gnas ; 'chi med ; nam mkha'i khyim ; sum rtsen ; lha yi grong ; lha yi 'jig rten ; lha yi yul , SANST a semi-divine being possessed of supernatural powers (Moon.).
skyo med khyab 	dbang phyug gi gzhu'i ming  n. of Virnu's bow (Moon.).
skyo tshag 	a light broth made of barley-flour with the addition of a little butter (A. 155): tho rangs kyi dus su skyo tshag bser ma (rlung )mi skye sa  early in the morning (i.e., at dawn) by taking barley gruel, wind is not engendered (A. 155).
skyo ras tsho tshogs 	n. of a kind of chintz (S. kar. 179).
skyo rogs 	a consoler; one who consoles a person during grief: bu mo'i skyo rogs aa mas mi phan  the mother cannot be the consoler of her daughter's grief, i.e., one cannot be of service to another in certain cases of sorrow.
skyo shas 	to be sad; sorrowful: rang la nges 'byung dang skyo shas sad sud skyes  he felt (slight) repentance and sorrow.
skyo sangs 	to console in his grief or sorrow or repentance.
skyo sangs nyid 	freedom from fatigue.
skyo sangs gnas 	a pleasure garden.
skyog nag 	iron spoon or scoop
skyogs 	1. a spoon or ladle; also shovel.  Wooden spoons for wine measure used in Tibet are called skyogs .  There are three kinds of spoons used in Tibet for measuring liquids, salt, &c.óthose which are mounted with copper are the largest; those lined with silver are of middle size; those of the smallest size are tipped with gold and called gser-skyogs, golden spoons.  me skyogs  coal shovel; tshwa snum phog 'jal ba'i zangs skyogs  the copper spoon with which to measure the allowance in salt and oil for servants, etc.; zhu skyogs  melting spoon or crucible.  2. drinking cup; bowl; goblet; gser skyogs , dngul skyogs  etc., gold cup, silver cup, and wooden cup are now called gzar bu ; zhal skyogs  lip-cup; resp. eating or drinking-cup; srab skyogs  the rein of a bridle; also name of tribe in Tibet (Vai. kar.).
skyogs lto 'bu 	a snail in W. (J‰.).
skyogs pa 	I: 1. to turn: mgrin pa skyogs pa  to turn the neck, i.e., look round, back; also to turn away, aside.  2. one who uses or manufactures the coal-shovel or stone scoop, etc.  II: skyon 'dogs pa ; SANST to find fault with.  (EEE I. and II. constitute separate entries in the original; they are combined here to permit the proper functioning of the headword lookup feature.)
skyogs med 	SANST not curved; without any curvature or crookedness.
skyong ldan ma 	n. of a goddess; she who protects.
skyong ba 	SANST, SANST, SANST, pf. bskyongs , fut. bskyang , imp. bskyongs  or bskyongs shig , to guard; to keep; to defend; to save; preserve (the life, the body); to support; to take care of (poor people): drin bzang pos skyong ba  to support by benefits, favours: thabs dam kyis skyong ba  to protect by various means; to attend to: thugs dam gyi skyong ba  to protect by the moral force of meditation: lag len gyi  by exercise: rgyal srid skyong ba ; to rule; govern a kingdom: chos bzhin tu bskyong ba  to protect by justice or justly: chos skyong  SANST protector, defender of religion, is used for a certain individual deity or for a class or exorcists in some of the monasteries of Tibet.  Under this head there are certain powerful deities who have taken on themselves the duty of defending Buddhism against its enemies.  When coerced they can even make their appearance in the person of the invoker.  The gnas chung chos skyong  living near Lhasa is a deity of this class who is generally consulted both by the State and the people of Tibet as an oracle: 'jig rten skyong  guardian of the world.  There are four of these, identical with the rgyal chen bzhi  the four great spirit kings:- SANST (yul 'khor skyong ) Yul-hkhor skyoo) the protector of the country or kingdom; SANST ('phags skyes bu ); SANST ( an mi bzang ); SANST (rnam thos sras ).  skyong dal  assistance (in the colloquial of W.); skyong dal byed pa  to help; skyong ma , same as brtan ma , the Goddess of the Earth; rgyal srid skyong  SANST a defender of the realm; same as 'bangs skyong  SANST a defender or protector of the subject or of people: skyong byed  SANST one who supports or protects.
skyong byed ma 	v. kun du ru 3 (Moon.).
skyod pa 	pf. and fut. bskyod  SANST, SANST, SANST; gYo ba  or 'gul ba  to move (trans. vb.); also to go, pass on: rlung gis yal ga skyod na  if the wind moves the branches.  mi skyod pa  or mi gYo ba  SANST the unmoved; he whose mind is not agitated; n. of the second Dhyani Buddha.  In W. skyod-pa is the general respectful term for: to go; to walk.  bskyod 'dod  is same as 'gro 'dod  desirous to go or about to go: nang du skyod  step in (if you please); tread firmly!  bskyod skabs la  at the time of going or coming.
skyod byed 	= gru skya  oar (Moon.).
skyon 	nyes pa  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST also rnyog pa   1. a fault, defect: skyon gang yang med  it has no fault whatever.  The two words skyon  and nyes pa  are sometimes used together as nyes skyon , but defects in inanimate things as expressed by the word skyon  and never by the words nyes  or nyes skyon ; slight defects in honoured persons are expressed by the words dge skyon , which also signifies faults or sins in holy persons, that is, skyon  (fault) in dge  or dge 'dun  (clergy): skyon ci yod 'khrul pa la  what harm in there in erring?  mi skyon  no harm, skyon med  no harm, no matter; skyon yon gang yang min  he is without any imperfection or perfection; skyon du mthong ba  to consider as a loss, also to find fault with.  2. bodily defect, fault, as lameness, derangement, disorder in the mixture of the humours.  3. spiritual defect, sin, vicious quality; rdzun du smra ba'i skyon  the sin of lying; skyon gyis ma gos  not defiled by sin: lar skyon che  but that is very bad (of you).  skyon byed pa  to commit a fault; skyon spang ba  to leave off a fault or quit it; mi la skyon 'bebs pa 'dogs pa  to charge one with a crime; to criminate; gzhan gyi skyon gleng brjod pa  to name the faults of others, to speak ill of them; to slander; to blame, criticise; skyon spang kha zhe med pa  to do any work with application and at the same time without any fault or mischief to any body; skyon mi mngon pa  = skyon ha ma go ba  not perceive a fault or defect.
skyon skye 	SANST conducive of sin; sin-producing.
skyon ngag 	SANST thorny; mischievous.
skyon can 	= skyon dang bcas pa  or skyon ldan  SANST, SANST, SANST faulty, defective, incorrect, sinful; guilty.
skyon bco brgyad 	the eighteen defects are the following:- (1) mi sdug pa  ugliness; (2) mgo skra ngan pa  bad or bristling hair; (3) dpral ba chung ba  small or narrow forehead; (4) mgo ser skya  brown hair; (5) mig ser ba  yellow eyes; (6) snin mtshams ma 'byar ba  the eye-brows disjoined; (7) sna leb pa  flat nose; (8) so lto ba  bottle-teeth; (9) dig pa  stammering; (10) mig zlum pa  round eyes; (11) mig chung ba  small eyes; (12) sgur ba  crooked or bent body; (13) lto bo che ba  large or pot-belly; (14) dpung pa rje ngar thung ba  small shoulders; (15) spu can  hairy body; (16) lag pa dang rkang pa mi mnyam pa  the arms and legs with the feet not proportionate; (17) tshigs spom pa  large or swollen joints; (18) kha lus la dri mi zhim pa yod pa  bad fútid smell coming out of the body and the mouth.
skyon brjod pa 	= snad pa'i tshig  to slander or speak ill of others; also slander (Moon.).
skyon du 'grang ba 	SANST to reckon as or into sin or defect.
skyon nas smra ba 	SANST to ascribe a fault.
skyon gnad med pa 	without the least fault or blemish.
skyon pa 	pf. bskyon , to put astride upon a thing (causative form of zhon pa ); mi zhig rta la skyon pa  to cause a man to mount; to ride on horseback; to fix something on a stick; mi zhig gsal shing la skyon pa  to impale a man (J‰.): bor bur skyon te  having caused him to ride a donkey (Pag. 61).
skyon med rtog 	SANST free from disease; thinking or taking as faultless.
skyon med gnas 	SANST, SANST remaining, living, or dwelling, in a state of innocence or faultlessness: skyon med par bzhugs pa  SANST residing without fault.
skyon tshig 	slander; also scandal.
skyon 'dzin 	skyon blo yis 'dzin pa  to find fault with.
skyon shes 	= mkhas pa  a learned man; a critic.  Syn. kun rig ; kun shes ; kun kyis bkur ba  (Moon.).
skyon shes pa 	= snan pa  SANST a physician (Moon.).
skyon sel ba 	to remove a sin; amend or correct a fault.
skyob pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, pf. bskyabs , fut. bskyab , imp. skyobs  or skyobs shig , to protect; to defend, preserve, save; frequently 'jigs pa la skyob pa  to protect from fear or danger or destruction: bskyabs pa  the protecting power; the preserving cause: gang zhig gang la skyabs 'tshol ba de la|skyabs sbyin pa de ni skyob pa 'am skyob pa po| he that gives protection to another is called skyob pa: skyobs sbyin pa  the giver of refuge or shelter.
skyob ston 	= skyob pa po  or skyobs pa  SANST a protector.
skyobs 	help, assistance; seldom for skyabs ; skyobs ma , and srog skyobs  in colloq., preservation of life; escape; also he that saves another's life; a helper (J‰.); imp. of skyob pa : 'jigs pa thams cad las skyobs shig| protect from all the dangers.
skyobs byed 	SANST, SANST, SANST one who protects; a name of Balabhadra.
skyom pa 	pf. bskyoms , fut. bskyom , imp. skyoms  to pour; to pour out, agitate, stir up; according to Lex. to give; defined as chu snod chu skyogs kyis blangs te zangs nang du blugs pa lta bu  taking from water-pots and water-bowls and pouring into kettles (Oag.).  Seldom used in colloquial language; chu skyom pa  to stir the water; snod skyom pa  to shake a vessel.
skyor 	I: same as khyor , the hollow of the hand filled: chu skyor  a handful of water (J‰.).  II: 'khyog pa'am gnyer ba  bent, contracted or crooked: shangs skyor  = (his) nose was bent (A. 106).  (EEE I. and II. constitute separate entries in the original; they are combined here to permit the proper functioning of the headword lookup feature.)
skyor skyor +	again and again; repeatedly.
skyor ba 	vb. pf. and fut. bskyar   1. to hold up, to prop; to paste.  2. to repeat; to recite by heart: bskyar te btang  it was repeatedly sent: tshig skyor ba  to repeat a word, like the reciting of the Mani, i.e., oM ma Ni paVe hUMa : mi rgas pa dang nad pa dang chang gis bzi pa gzhan gyis skyor bas 'gro ba  an old, sick, or drunken person walks being supported by another: gnad po 'gyel 'gro ba la skyor ba  to prop a thing that is falling or tumbling down: chu skyor ba  the pouring of water with some force as if through a pipe or the mouth of a kettle; the sprinkling of water from a pot or vessel or a scoop; rgyab skyor  to back; to help morally or religiously or otherwise one who is in difficulty, engaged in war or litigation, &c.:  3. enclosure; fence (J‰.).
skyor sbyangs 	repetition from memory: blo la zin te skyor sbyangs mdzad  having retained in his mind, he repeated it.
skyor tshig 	v. skyar ba 3 (Moon.).
skyor mo lung 	n. of a village with a monastery situated to the west of Lhasa containing estate of the zhabs pad sres chung pa .
skyol ba 	sometimes for skyel ba .
skyos pa +	= nyams pa  wasted; spoiled; degenerated.
skyos ma 	v. skyes 3, 3skyos ma 3 a present made to a friend or an acquaintance at the time of his going to a distant place, or removal to some place of residence.
skra 	resp. dbu skra  the hair of the head: skra dang kha spu  the hair of the head and the beard: skra bsgril ba  plaited hair or curled hair: skra nyag gcig  a single tuft of hair: skra ni 'jam rtsub spom phra snyoms ser mdangs can snum longs  od che  (he whose) hair is neither soft nor rough nor thick nor fine but uniform and smooth, and yellowish and glossy, becomes wealthy and prosperous (Mtshan.).  skra do ker  the hair dressed and plaited together on the crown of the head; skra do ker can  SANST one with long flowing locks; skra gyen du 'greng ba lta bu  whose hairs stand upwards as bristles; skra grol  SANST with loose or carelessly worn hair; skra sgra sgri can  SANST a skein of silk or cotton attached to the flowing locks of Tibetan women; skra ba glang gi spu 'dra ba  hair like that of a bull; skra zhags  = bud med kyi skra  locks of hair of women; skra zheng  thin hair (Schtr.); skra bzhad pa  to comb hair; bskra gzhar ba  the shaving of one's hair; skra gzer  SANST a barber; also napkin; skra'i bkod pa  SANST well braided hair; also a braid or fillet of hair.  Syn. skra tshogs ; slar skye ; byed ba can ; mgo skyes ; mgo spu ;  i bo skyes ; gtsug phud ; ral pa ; thor tshugs ; me tog can ; 'khyil ba ; mgo nyal ; do ker ; ral pa'i gdengs ; zur phud ; thor cog ; dbu lo ; lcang lo  (Moon.).
skra mkhan 	= skra 'dreg mkhan  a barber (Moon.).
skra can 	SANST, SANST the mane (as of a lion); hairy.
skra can gnas 	SANST lady's bed-chamber.
skra can ma 	a kind of hairy worm; also = bud med  woman (Moon.).
skra can gsod 	SANST a name of Hari, who killed the demon Keshi.
skra gnyis pa 	= du ba mjug ring  or mjug phod can  a comet (Moon.).
skra mdud 	hair knot; acc. to J‰. the bow of ribands at the end of the long plaits of hair of the women in Ladak.
skra 'dres ma 	lha'i gzugs tshong ma  a celestial courtezan (Moon.).
skra gnas 	SANST n. of a species of sensitive plant.
skra 'bal ba 	= skra rkog pa  or skra tog pa  SANST (shaving the head clean); to pull out the hair: la la ni nyam thag pa'i nga ro 'don la la ni skra 'bal  some sent forth cries of anguish, some pulled out the hair of their head (Hbrom. 113).
skra med mgo 	"a head without hair"; dzAa ti  SANST nutmeg; also Jarminum grandiflorum (Sman. 404.).
skra tsal 	false hair; a peruke.
skra tsa 	SANST clotted hair.
skra tshogs 	v. skra 3 (Moon.).
skra mtshams 	SANST the arrangement of the hair.
skra zings +	= nga rgyal che ba  vanity, pride; adj. vain, very proud.
skra bzang 	a secret or mystic word (Mio. 4).
skra bzang ma 	= gnod sbyin mo'i gtso mo  n. of a Yakra goddess (Moon.).
skra'i khyon nam gyis pa'i lam 	SANST hair parting.
skra'i rgyal po 	SANST a grove; a garden; n. of a vegetable.
skra'i byi dor 	v. skra sad  (Moon.).  (EEE skra sad  as given does not make sense and also does not appear elsewhere in the dictionary.  We think that the meaning "groom the hair thoroughly is meant by this head-word" and that skra shad 3, "to brush the hair, to come the hair" would be an appropriate cognate meaning.)
skra'i rtse mo'i mtha' 	or she chas  SANST the hair-end.
skra li ba 	or skra'i rnam gyur  SANST curly hair; to dress the hair.
skra lo 	= bud med kyi skra  woman's hair (Moon.).
skra shad 	SANST hair separator; a comb.  Syn. so mang ; skra'i byi dor  hair cleaner (Moon.).
skrag skrag 	= khrag po  or sra ba  hard.
skrag pa 	to be terrified, frightened, afraid of something.  This word is nearly always combined with 'jigs pa  as in 'jigs skrag pa , to be panic-struck.
skrag byed ma 	= nyi ma'i btsun mo  the wife of the sun (Moon.).
skrang ba 	SANST, SANST pf. skrangs  to swell; skrang song  it is swollen: glo bur mtshon dang rdo dang dbyug pa sogs phog nas skrangs  swollen from being suddenly struck with a stick or a stone or a sword.
skrang 'bur 	an abscess not yet open (Sch.); skrangs 'bur 'joms , v. ba spru shing  n. of a medicinal tree which removes tumours or abscess (Moon.).
skrangs kyi  ang ki 	snan thar nu  n. of a medicine (Sman. 126).
skrangs po 	a swelling; tumour (Sch.).
skran 	lhen skran   1. SANST tumour or any fleshy excrescence in the abdomen; a concretion under the skin or in the bowels, womb, &c. (Cs.); a swelling of the glands (Sch.).  skran nad  is described as a consequence of suppressed wind (J‰.); rdo skran , bad skran  two sorts of steatite.
skrab pa 	to beat the ground with one's feet; to stamp, tread; to dance; also bro skrab pa : kha sang gi bro skrab pa yag po byung  yesterday's dancing was excellent.
skras ka 	I: a ladder, v. skas ka 3.  II: ladder, which generally consists of the notched trunk of a tree (J‰.); rkyang skras  a single ladder, i.e., a ladder with one pole; rdo skras  (do-te) a flight of stone steps; rgya skras  a regular staircase, as in European houses; gru skras  probably a flight of steps at the corner of a building.  (EEE I. and II. constitute separate entries in the original; they are combined here to permit the proper functioning of the headword lookup feature.)
skri ba +	to conduct; to send (Cs.): skri zhig  = thog zhig  let him send: nged bod na de la skri bar byed zhus pas  I asked to send him to Tibet (A. 101).
skru ba +	pf. bskrus , fut. bskru  to wait (Sch.); to cut; zas la skru  to cut meat; skru , shing skrus pa  to cut wood or a tree: bskru ba , rgyun du dga' ba'i skru ba yis  always being smitten by pleasures (Pag. 1-35).
skrud pa +	= gzhan la thabs kyis 'brod pa  to make another run away by devices.
skrun pa 	= skyed pa  to produce; bskrun pa , bskyed pa  SANST, SANST, SANST grown up: bskrun bya'i lo tog  growing crop.
skrum 	meat; applied to the food of the respected; generally gsol skrum  is used in colloquial language.
skrog 	to beat (the drum). Da ma ru 'khrol ba'i don  signifies the beating of a skull-drum (Oag.).
skrog pa 	to churn; stir (with a rod): 'o ma skrog pa  to churn milk (Oag.).
skrod pa 	SANST, SANST to expel, drive out, eject: gnas nas skrod  to expel from a place: phyir skrod  to drive out: 'gegs skrod  to eject an evil spirit.
bska ba 	= gar ba , SANST astringent; also thick.
bskang mdos 	a slight frame work made of sticks and coloured threads as an offering to the gods in cases of sickness: lho yi phyogs su bskang mdos dang bsrung 'khor bzhag| place Rskao-mdos and amulets on the south side (Jig.).
bskang rdzas 	a sacrificial ceremony (Schl. 360).
bskang gso 	yi dam mkha' 'gro chos skyong rnams la bskang gso rgyas pa  to make copious religious services to the tutelar deities, angels, and the guardian spirits of the ten quarters (Shil. 9).
bskangs 	1. kha bskang  SANST full to the brim.  2. thugs dam bskangs , nyams pa gsos pa  fill to the brim (Situ. 74).
bskam 	"bskam bya'i dngos po "  (Situ. 77).
bskams 	past. dried, burnt: bskal mes mtsho bskams  by the fire (at the end of the age) the lakes dried up (Oag. 9).
bskal pa 	SANST a fabulous period of time; the various ages of the world, each of which has been presided over by its own human Buddha respectively: bskal pa chen po  the great Kalpa; bar bskal  the intervening or middle Kalpa; bskal bzang po  SANST the happy or glorious period in which the Buddhas appear; bskal pa ngan pa  the evil Kalpa, in which no Buddhas appear (J‰.).
bskal pa bzang 	= bsod nams  SANST virtuous; also virtue (Moon.).
bskal pa shes 	= rtsis pa  an accountant (Moon.).
bskal me 	= bskal pa'i me  the fire which will destroy the world at the end of the present Kalpa (Oag. 9).
bskal bzang 	chos zhig mtshan  n. of a religious work.
bsku 	= byug pa , fut. bskus  SANST rubbed (Oag. 9).
bskungs 	= mi mthong bar spas pa  concealed; hidden (Oag. 10.).
bskum 	pf. of skum .
bskum mkhyid 	the distance or measure between the thumb and the top of the forefinger drawn in; about one-half of the measure of a span: zheng sor gang yod pa rgyug mtho brgyad dang bskum mkhyid gang | (Rtsii.) its breadth was one finger (i.e., one inch), and length eight spans and one bskum-mkhyid.
bskum khru 	about a cubit measure with the fingers drawn in a fist.
bskum 'dom 	a measure of distance by stretching apart the two arms (with "fisted hands"); a little less than a fathom's measure.
bskur 	sbst. sending, granting; dbang bskur  to bless; to grant benediction; 'phrin bskur  (Oag. 9).
bskul 	v. skul ba 3, bskul brda'  signal to call one to his business; signal to call workmen to their respective duties.
bskul gzhung 	gzhung gi las ka bskul mkhan  one who gets Government works executed: bskul gzhung rnam gnyis dang tshul mi 'dra ba .
bskus 	pf. of bsku  SANST anointed; stained or poisoned (Oag. 9).
bskon 	pf. gos bskon to  to be dressed (Situ. 64).
bskor 	surrounded: 'khor gyis bskor  surrounded by followers, admirers and attendants.
bskos 	pf. rgyal por bskos  (Situ. 74).
bskyang du med 	= dpag tu med  numberless; immeasurable (Zam. 10).
bskyangs 	SANST protected; cherished; nursed.
bskyabs 	SANST protected; srog bskyabs  protected, saved life (Situ. 74).
bskyams +	= bskams : snod mi bskyams  the vessel has not dried.  chu bskyams  water dried up (Situ. 74).
bskyar 	= slar yang  or yang yang  again; again and again (Zam. 10).
bskyar bzo 	repairing; mending of.
bskyur 	cast out; exhiled; driven away.
bskyur du bcug pa 	to cause any one to cast or fling anything away.
bskyed 'dod 	SANST growth or growing; wish to grow.
bskyed pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. a production, generation, formation.  2. SANST, SANST.  sems bskyed pa  SANST to form one's mind; to have a conception of; also technically means purification of the heart as in SANST.
bskyed pa bgyi 'o 	SANST to have a conception of.
bskyed rim 	SANST the gradual development of ideas; powers of an occult nature.  (EEE See also skyed rim 3 which is the incorrect spelling but which is the headword containing the principal definition.)
bskyod nas 	= spos nas .
bskyod pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST moved, agitated; ma bskyod pa  SANST unagitated.
bskyod pa yang ma 	SANST moving again and again, at paroxysm.
bskyod med pa 	grangs  SANST n. of an immensely great number.
bskrad 	and phyir bkrad  = phyir bton  turn out, expel (Situ. 74): bgegs bskrad  turn out a ghost or devil.
bskrus 	pf. of skru ba , zas bskrus  food cut up (Situ. 9).
bskrun 	= bskyed   1. mang du btang ba  to multiply.  2. par du bkod pa  to print, set up in print (Oag. 9.): dge ba bskrun pa , lo tog bskrun pa .
kha 	I: the second letter of the Tibetan alphabet, being the aspirate of ka.  In sound it resembles SANST, the second consonant of the Sanskrit alphabet.  1. On registers it indicates the second, or number two.  It is attached, often optionally, as an additional syllable to many words, especially in the colloquial: dgong kha  the price; cha kha  a thing.  2. It implies khag  a part: kha gnyis su  = khag gnyis su  into two parts (divisions): kha gang  one part.  The sixth part of a tao-ka (Tib. coin) is called kha.  3. Origin, source, &c.: gser kha  = gser gyi 'byung khungs  the source of gold, gold-mine: tshwa kha  salt-pit: tswa kha  pasture-land, a place where pastures abound.  4. Time: nyi 'char kha ru dus gdab  (Situ. 21) calculate time from the moment of sunrise; 'gro khar  at the time of going; at the time when he was ready to start: mo 'chi khar chos la 'dun pa  she at the time of dying became religious, &c. (Pag. 27): byon khar  when he came; at the moment of arrival: yong kha  at the time of coming; sa dang po thob kha ma  = sa dang po thob ma thag  as soon as he attained to the first stage, i.e., one moment before the attainment: yun ring gi kha nas  = yun ring gi sgo nas  by little and little; gradually (J‰.); re ba'i khar  in the hope of; thabs kyi kha na  just on the opportunity; "in the nick of time."  II: 1. the front side: SANST face, mouth; also the surface or upper side.  kha  is the ordinary word for "mouth," while gdong  is the commoner term for "face."  Again, to express the surface as well as the front of any inanimate thing, kha  is the usual form: brag kha la gangs rgya'o| icicles on the face of the cliff; skyil krung mdzad nas chu khar byon  (Pag. 117) sitting in a cross-legged posture he moved on the surface of the water; 'o thug kha la 'od zer gyi ri mo mthong  saw reflection of rays on the surface of milk-broth (Pag. 113).  2. SANST language; conversation; SANST word: rgyal po bud med kyi khar dbang du song nas  the king having become powerless at (his) wife's word (Pag. 32).  Syn. smra ba'i sgo ; za byed ; gsung bar byed ; zhal ; gtam gyi 'byung gnas ; rjod byed ; gdong ; bdud rtsi'i rten ; skad ; gtam  (Moon.).  III: a breadth or a square of cloth, &c.  	In its several inflected forms kha is often used as if it were a postposition governing the accusative case.  These forms are kha na , kha ru , and khar , and take the meaning of "on," at," beside," &c.: me khar  on the fire; khri kha na  on the chair; phyogs bzhi kha ru  all round.
kha kyel ba 	SANST to kiss.
kha krab pa 	to smack or cluck with the mouth.
kha dkar po 	= snang ba gsal   1.  bright: bkra shis pa .  2. auspicious; of happy omen; agreeable; pleasant looking; kha dkar gting nag  outside white inside black, i.e., plausible.
kha dkri 	neck-cloth, sometimes worn as a protection against cold; a kind of raw silk stuff of narrow breadth manufactured in Assam and largely imported into Tibet, where it is used as neck-tie and handkerchief: kha dkri bcas 'dra ba kha rer 'bru  (Rtsii.) for each breadth (of cloth), which is equal to a Kha-ti, price in barley grain.
kha lkug 	dumb; also of indistinct speech: ra yi mcher pas byis pa'i kha klug 'byed  the spleen of a goat removes the dumbness of children.
kha skad 	SANST oral account; tradition; narrative; colloquial language.
kha skong 	SANST, SANST, a mouthful; completion; appendix of a book: kha skong ba   1. to fill up a void; to make up a deficiency.  2. to fill up the mouth with water, to rinse it.
kha skor ba 	= slu ba  or kha bskor ba  to speak cunningly; to circumvent by speech.
kha skyur pon 	1. sour; of an acid taste.  2. olive; olive tree (in Sikkim) (J‰.).
kha skyengs 	shame-facedness: mi zhig gis mi gzhan zhig la gsol ras ster gyi yod na|de mi gzhan zhig gi lag pa bzed nas de la ma ster na kho ngo tsha ba la kha skyengs zer|dpe la rkyan ma kha skyengs kyi mi bsod zer| If a man is about to give his garment to another man, and that other man having held out his hand, it is not given to him, he is ashamedóthat is termed Kha-skyeos.
kha kha 	I: apart. separately: kha kha bsdad na kha mchu med  if (you) sit apart there will be no quarrel.  II: or kha kha mo  bitter mouth; bitter taste.
kha khebs 	SANST a veil; a cover: grwa pa rer kha khebs ras kha re  (at every offering) there is a square of cloth apiece as a face covering to each monk.
kha khor 	= tha 'khor  border, edge; also the circumference.
kha khyag 	= kha theg byed pa  contradiction; denying one's liability.
kha khyag pa 	same as kha theg byed pa , to deny having undertaken to do a thing; denying one's liability.
kha khyer 	1. lan kan ; stegs bu  any shelf or box on which birds perch; also SANST an altar; a raised seat.  2. mtha' bskor kha  the surrounding line or circumference of anything; the surrounding edge of a cloth, &c.
kha khra 	v. blo kha khra  or lo kha brag ; also n. for certain wild tribes of the border land of Tibet, namely the Aka and Mishmi tribes of eastern Tibet and Assam (Ya-sel. 38).  (EEE Neither blo kha khra  nor lo kha brag  appear as headwords in the dictionary but see under kha brag 3.)
kha khram 	defined as kha yi gYo rgyu bshad pa  cunning talk, deceitful language.
kha khram pa 	= gYo rgyu bshad mkhan  one who speaks cunningly so as to cheat.
kha khral 	I: SANST respect, regard; lit. tribute in language or in words.  II: capitation tax or poll tax.
kha 'khor 	the circumference of the mouth (Cs.); kha 'khor ba  to surround.
kha 'khyig ba 	to bind an animal's mouth; to gag; to strangle.
kha 'khyoms 	to be agitated outwardly: rlung chen po des rgya mtsho'i kha 'khyoms  the surface of the sea was troubled by that great wind (A. 16).
kha ga po 	difficult (Sch.).
kha ga ma 	or kha gang ma  the square rug that is spread over a great man's cushion or seat.
kha gang 	a quadrate, square; one sixth of the Tibetan coin called taoka, which is equivalent to one anna in India: kha gang ba  adj. square.
kha gang dgar smra ba 	to talk at random; to speak at pleasure (thoughtlessly).
kha gab 	cover, lid.  (Sch.).
kha gyen phyogs 	SANST with the face upwards (in expectation); expectantly, eagerly.
kha grangs 	enumeration.
kha gru 	or mtha' gru  the corner limit or sphere of a place, also of the mouth.  The width of the mouth of a vessel or pot, also the opening of the mouth.  kha gru yangs shing dkar 'bol rtsa med mchog  that being broad in space, of white and soft appearance, and without grass, is best (Jig.).
kha gling 	mtha' 'khob yul gi ming  n. of a border country.
kha gling sgra 	is defined as dmag gi sar 'byung ba'i dgra skad la  the noise of the foe which arises in a battle-field (Moon.).
kha 'gog pa 	one who cannot or does not speak; gagged (Moon.).
kha 'gyur ba 	to change one's words or promises.
kha 'grig pa 	= kha 'cham pa  of the same opinion or disposition.
kha 'gril 	the selvedge or loose tufts of thread on either edge of a cloth: gur gyi kha 'gril ras sngon po btang ba la  the fringes of the tent being made with blue cotton.
kha rgod 	ill or rough language; also a slanderer (Sch.).
kha rgan 	privilege of old age (J‰.).
kha rgyan 	SANST the betel-leaf which the Indians chew; literally the beautifier of the mouth.
kha rgyal ba 	to win a dispute: bdud rigs kyi sems can kha rgyal  the animate beings of the demon kind won the controversy.
kha rgyug 	idle talk; unfounded assertion (J‰.).
kha rgyud 	resp. zhal rgyud  same as gtam rgyud  oral tradition; also certain mystical doctrine not allowed to be written down.
kha sgor 	the shoulder bone.
kha sgy ur ba 	kha lo sgy ur ba  to govern; to rein the mouth (of a horse); to lead, guide, influence other persons.
kha sgrog 	kha sgrog nang ma la ja lung zheng byed yod pa .  In this passage kha sgrog  means shutting or binding up the straps of a trunk or leather box.
kha bsgos 	advice.
kha lnga pa 	seng ge  the lion (Moon.).
kha snga ba 	or kha sngas pa  to anticipate or say something before hand; to speak out inconsiderately.
kha cig 	or kha gcig   1. la la , SANST a certain person; kha shas  also 'ga' re , 'ga' zhig .  2. some (J. Zao.): kha cig tu phur sgrar  SANST "or as some call it a flying word"; kha cig na re  someone said.
kha cul 	or kha cur  Kashmir; a Kashmirian.
kha gcang 	clever talking, cf. kha sbyang po 3 eloquent; dexterous in conversation.
kha bcud 	= cu gang  n. of a medicinal substance (Sman. 149).
kha gcod 	cover; in Ld. cork.
kha bcol 	idle talk, prattle (Sch.).
kha chag 	I: defect in the blade (of a knife or an axe), but kha chag sna ral  = to get the mouth damaged and nose torn; kha thug po song  the edge (of a knife, &c.) has become blunt; kha log song  the blade has become turned, i.e., bad; kha mi 'dug  the sharpness is wanting; gri'i kha  or gri'i so  (in Khams) the blade of a knife.  II: abuse; ill language (J‰.).
kha chad 	zhal chad  agreement, covenant; a truce; kha chad  = chad don  special object or reason (Moon.).
kha char 	= abbreviation of kha ba , snow and char pa , rain.
kha chings 	the taming or appeasing of wild beasts. &c., by witchcraft.
kha chu 	(zhal chab ) SANST, SANST spittle; also used colloq. for kha ba'i chu  snow-water.
kha chu phug 	n. of a place on the uplands of Kha-chu (Lon. ka 32).
kha che 	a native of Kashmir; a Mahomedan; a person that has the command over much; principal or important things (kha che ba rnams ); n. of a mask in the religious plays of Tibet.
kha che skyes 	kha che mchog  v. gur gum 3 (Moon.), SANST or SANST saffron, the produce of Kashmir.
kha che 'gron khang 	kha che za khang  an inn kept by a Mussalman at Lhasa or in Peking; kha che mchog  SANST the chief article, i.e., saffron, which the Tibetans obtain from Kashmir; kha che sha kha ma  a kind of yellow flower resembling saffron which imported from Kashmir is largely grown in Tibet; kha che sha kha ma spor re re 'bru  the cost of a sporof Kashmir sha-kha-ma flower is a bru of barley flour (Rtsii.).
kha chems 	zhal chems , last will, testament: kha chems 'jog pa  to make a will; kha chems rlung la bskur  sent (his) last will to the winds (Behu.).
kha chos 	hypocrisy; religion in talk only.
kha 'chal 	SANST idle talk, prattle, talk as in a delirium: kha 'chal byed  (he) prattles.
kha 'cham 	= kha mthun .  kha 'cham pa  = kha mthun pa  or kha thug pa  to agree upon; kha 'cham khrugs  = pho mo lhan cig tu gnas pa  residing together as husband and wife; to live harmoniously (Moon.).
kha 'che ba 	same as kha thal pa  to promise; speaking sweet words meaning nothing or evil.
kha 'jam gting khag 	= kha 'jam gting nag : kha nas snyan po zer gting la sems ngan pa  soft and polite in language but evil at heart.
kha 'jal ba 	to measure.
kha 'jug pa 	to interfere; to meddle with; meddlesome.
kha rje 	SANST, SANST the chief of the clouds; cloud-god.  Acc. to Cs. great lord, mighty personage; good luck, good fortune; acc. to J‰. fortune, good wealth.
kha rje khyu mchog 	= bsod nams  SANST merit, moral virtuous (Moon.).
kha rje can 	= bsod nams can  possessed of moral merit; virtuous (Moon.).
kha rje che 	very powerful; also high moral merit: 'o skol ming sring rnams med na de ring rang kha rje che aang  if we brother and sister were not here, would you have been powerful today? (A. 18).
kha nyan pa 	or kha la nyan pa  to obey; kha nyan po  obedient.
kha nyung 	sparing of words; laconic (Sch.): kha nyung lag gtsang , kha mang po mi lab mkhan dang rkun ma ma rgyag pa  is one who does not speak many words and who does not act the thief.
kha nyog 	v. kha nog 3.
kha mnyam 	skad mnyam  of equal, i.e., same words or opinion: lto mnyam zas nas kha mnyam lab pa  (you) eat together (you) should agree in speech.
kha rnying 	old or second-hand articles.
kha brnyongs 	sems la med pa'i kha la mdzes po  bad at heart, but very polite in expression (Oag. 10).
kha snyoms 	of same height; also of level surface: mtho dman kha 'dra 'dra snyoms pa  they were equal in height; bsil ri kha snyoms pa'i khongs skyibs na  in a sheltered corner or cleft of cool mountains of level surface (Ya-sel. 35.).
kha ta 	or kha lta  good advice; lesson; kha ta byed pa  or 'jog pa  to give advice; mi ngan pa la kha lta mi byed pa  not to give advice to a bad man (Jig.).
kha tam ga 	kha  a , v. kha §ma ga 3 a club or staff with a skull at the top, the weapon of Siva, also carried by ascetics; a trident; kha tMa ga  a Tantrik club or staff with a skull at the top, v. 3kha §ma ga 3, trident; the Tantrik staff with three skulls piled one above another at the top, the lowest one resting on a pot.  This was originally introduced into Tibet by Padma Sambhava.
kha tig 	bitter; bitter taste, v. kha ba 3.
kha to shing 	is said to be same as gsal shing , a pointed stake used for the execution of criminals (J‰.).
kha ton 	or kha 'don  SANST, SANST a reading or reciting from memory with a loud voice; klog gam kha ton tu nas  reading or saying by heart; kha ton du shes pa  to know by heart; kha ton byang ba  SANST (SANST) a clear recitation of prayer or hymns.  Also explained as dpe cha lta ma dgos par blo la bzung ba'i chos 'don par byed pa  to recite religious tracts from memory, without having recourse to books: gtsug lag blta zhing kha ton byed pa  "by looking at scientific works to commit to memory" (A. 3).
kha gtad pa 	same as kha sprad pa  or ra sprad pa   1. to bring together personally; to confront; 'gro ma nus par rta rang kha gtad 'don pas  (Yig.) not being able to go, (he) let the horse go towards you.  2. to turn one's face.
kha gtam 	resp. zhal gtam  oral tradition.
kha gtugs pa 	= kha la 'o gtugs  or kha la 'o byed pa  to kiss.
kha gtong ba 	to injure; to abuse; to call names.
kha btags 	anything that is put on the face, i.e., presented or placed before a person for his acceptance; hence that ubiquitous article of Tibetan social intercourse, the presentation or salutation scarf.  These scarves are of various descriptions.  The longest and the best ones are presented to the great lamas, high officials, and to other personages; they carry respect according to their quality, colour and length.  There are different sorts of kha btags  (silk presentation scarves)ókha btags la phyi mdzod nang mdzod nyin bde ma|,bsod btags|,tshe lha mo| or aa she lnga spags brgyad spags bcu spags sogs sna tshogs yod|.
kha stan 	a soft thin rug that is spread on a cushion; a cover for a cushion or couch.
kha steng du 	above; besides; on; upon; at; towards: de'i kha steng du bzhugs  he sat upon it (Pag. 64.).
kha stong 	not yet having eaten anything; lit. empty mouth.
kha stoms rgyab pa 	is defined as gcig gis gcig la don bdag med par kha ma legs pa lab pa , to revile one another for no purpose.
kha §ma ga 	lha yi phyag mtshan , v. kha tam ga 3.
kha thal 	= thug thal  or thug rtsam  rice or barley particles.
kha thal ba 	= kha 'che ba  to promise (Cs.).
kha thi 	a kind of satin in variegated colours.
kha thug 	= gdong thug : kha thug skong ba  to fill to the brim; kha nang  the inside brim; kha thug pa  to meet in a contest, in concert with.
kha thog 	top or surface; upon a thing = thog kha  on the roof, on the upper flat.
kha thor 	pustules in the mouth (Sch.).
kha mthun 	v. kha 'cham 3.
kha mthun pa 	= kha thug pa  agreeing upon, unanimous; also together with: pho brang gi skye bo rnams kha mthun pas zhus pa  in concert with the men of the palace they petitioned (Pag. 275).
kha 'thab 	1. regulating of stores by equalizing their quantities: yo byad sogs mang nyung 'dra 'dra byed pa la|rnying pa'i chad dang gsar sprod la 'thab byed pa| (Rtsii.).  2. kha 'thab pa  = gYul sprod pa  or dmag 'thab pa  to fight; to give battle (Moon.).
kha 'then btang ba 	= lon btang ba  to send a reply, to reply; kha 'then pa  (to pull the mouth) to stop a beast of draught.
kha 'thor pa 	= so sor 'bral ba , gyes pa  to scatter, to separate one from another; also disordered, confused, confusion: dpe cha kha 'thor ba  a book, the leaves of which have become mixed up together; gnas na kha 'thor tsam zhig mchis  at the place there were a few scattered ones only (A. 23); dud 'gro la byings gnas dang kha 'thor ba gnyis yod| among the beasts there are two classes: those that live secluded and those that are scattered (in abodes of men and gods).
kha dag 	swept clean, cleared up, entirely gone: nor phyugs thams cad kha dag song  his wealth and cattle have all disappeared.
kha dig 	or kha ldig  to stammer; kha ldig mkhan  a stammerer.
kha dug can 	SANST, SANST, poisonous mouth; having poison in the mouth.
kha dum pa 	being in concert with; having agreed.
kha dul po 	(soft mouth) manageable; tractable.
kha dog 	or kha mdog  = mdangs  colour: skra mthon mthing gi kha dog tu gyur to| the hair became blue-black; kha dog gi gzugs  SANST; kha dog mthun pa  of one uniform colour: dge slong chos gos gsum kha dog mthun par gsol pa  he wears the three garments of a monk of uniform colour.  kha dog sgy ur ba  to change colour; kha dog 'gyur  the colour changes (J‰.).
kha dog dkar po 	= dag byed  or rtswa ku sha  the cleanser, purifier; also a name for the dub grass (Moon.).
kha dog ngan pa 	SANST of disagreeable or bad color.
kha dog chen po 	metaph. = gser  gold (Moon.).
kha dog lta bu 	or kha dog 'dra ba  in colour; like its colour.
kha dog sna tshogs 	variety of colours; of different hues: kha dog sna tshogs mu tig rab yin no| an excellent pearl is of a variety of colours (Loo. ha 2.).
kha dog pa 	small hole or narrow hole.
kha dog mtha' yas pa 	variegated colours.
kha dog gsum pa 	explained as shing ba glang rmig pa'i ming  a name for the tree called the ox-hoof (Moon.).
kha drag 	SANST mighty, haughty; kha drag pa  loquacious, talkative.
kha drang 	just before; straight on.
kha dro 	in Khams and Amdo signifies bkra shis  auspicious, of good omen or appearance.
kha dro bo 	= kha 'phrod po  agreeable, amiable, of pleasant company.
kha gdangs pa 	SANST, SANST yawning; opening the mouth; gaping; widening; opening the mouth; gaping; widening the mouth: kha gdangs nas  having opened the mouth widely.
kha mdog 	v. kha dog 3.
kha 'dar 	one who speaks too fast or too loud.
kha 'dig 	cork, bung, stopple.
kha 'debs 	= kha gcig tu mthun pa  agreeing in an account.
kha 'don 	v. kha ton 3.
kha 'don byed pa 	to recite or mutter a charm or mantra.
kha rda 	muttering, whispering: kha brda bzang po byed  to mutter or speak auspiciously.
kha brda 	conversation, talk, prophecy, prediction; it also signifies bshad pa bzang po  good explanation or utterance: bstan pa dar bar 'gyur ro bya ba'i kha brda bzang po  "may the doctrine (of Buddha) prosper" such was his righteous utterance (A. 146).
kha brda' 	= skad cha  verbal utterance: bu mo'i mig mthong yang ma mthong ba ltar byas nas kha brda' mi byed  although he had beheld the girl's eyes, he acted as if he had not seen her and gave no spoken sign.
kha sdams 	= kha ta  or gdams kha  advice.
kha sdom pa 	= kha mnan pa  to silence; to gag or stop the speech.
kha Da ga á	SANST the scimitar or sabre of the Hindus.
kha na ma tho ba 	lit. kha nas ma thon pa  not confessed, i.e., not come out of the mouth; SANST also SANST, a metaphysical term defined as sdig pa dang nyes pa'i ming , a name for sin and moral corruption.  There are two kinds, viz., (1) rang bzhin gyi kha na ma tho ba  sins which are committed naturally and semi consciously; (2) bcas pa'i kha na ma tho ba  sins of overt violation of law or religion.  mi khyim pa dang rab byung phal cher rang gi sdig pa nyes pa khong du spas na kha nas ma thon pas kha na ma tho pa zhes pa'o|  Householders and monks in general, in keeping these sins and failings concealed, because they do not issue forth from the mouth, such are styled kha-na-ma-tho-wa.  kha na ma tho ba mi mnga' ba  SANST the sinless; kha na ma tho ba med pa  SANST without sin or moral corruption; kha na tho'i gtam  = gtam dang rjes su 'brel pa'i ming  sinful or blasphemous speech.
kha nag po 	= mun pa nag po  darkness; also of gloomy appearance; morose; wicked (Moon.).
kha nang 	yesterday morning.  But kha nang du bltas  SANST to look inwardly: kha nang bltas kyi shes pa ni rang gi sems la bzang ngan dge mi dge ji ltar 'dug legs par brtags te spang blang byed pa'o| the knowledge gained by introspection, which is carefully to examine how much of good or evil and virtue or vice exists in one's own heart, causes rejection (of evil) and acceptance (of good).
kha nad 	mouth disease.
kha nar can 	oblong.
kha nas 	orally; by word of mouth; kha nas khu byug  a cuckoo; also to cry or call like the cuckoo; kha nas zer ba  to speak colloquially.
kha ning 	last year.
kha nim 	= ras gos sogs kyi kha mdog gnyis pa  of cotton cloth, etc.; that having two colours (Rtsii.).
kha nog 	or kha nyog  clamourous; asking often and often for a thing, etc.: i 'phogs dang kha nog dang thog babs dang bcas rim pa gsum pa  the three may be classed together, (namely) defilement, importunity, and being stricken by lightning (Rtsii.).
kha nor song 	he has erred in conversation.
kha mnan pa 	= kha sdom pa  to obstruct the speech; also to coerce, to silence.
kha pa 	the volume marked with the letter kha , the 2nd volume.  Anything (book or article) marked with the letter kha .
kha po 	sometime = kha  speech, e.g., kha po dul mo  mild speech and polished language.
kha po che 	= kha rgyag pa  or kha mang po  talking much: rtsi ge sreg shor zer ba'i kha pho che  a shrew called Rtsi-ge sreg-shor, who was very talkative (Rdsa. 31).
kha lpags 	= khal pags  lip.
kha spu 	hair of the face; whiskers.
kha pho 	boasting: kha pho che  one who boasts much; also boasting much.
kha phog 	verbal reproof.
kha phor 	SANST; SANST a cup; a saucer.
kha phyi 	the outer edge.
kha phyin pa 	= gros mthun pa  unanimity in a conference; unanimous vote.
kha phyir lta 	= pha rol tu kha phyogs pa  examining by appearances; also to look outside (Moon.): kha phyir bltas kyi shes pa  knowing or judging things by their external appearance.
kha phyis 	napkin.
kha phye ba 	= kha rgyas pa  SANST  1. to bloom or blossom; also well developed, full blown.  2. = kha 'byed pa  SANST to yawn.
kha phyogs 	= kha lta ba'i phyogs  the direction of one's sight.
kha 'phang ba 	= kha 'khyam dbyug pa  to divulge; spread ill rumours (J‰.).
kha 'phyur 	SANST a solid measure for grain like bre  SANST; or 'bo .
kha 'phrod po 	v. kha dro bo 3.
kha ba 	I: SANST bitter; kha tig  from kha ba  and tig ta  bitter, i.e., of very bitter taste: ro kha ba  bitter taste; kha mngar  bitter and sweet; kha mo  bitter: chang kha mo  beer that is very strong or of bitter taste.  II: = gangs  SANST snow: kha ba dung ltar gsal  the snow (was) unsullied as shells; kha ba skye  SANST, SANST, SANST snow-born or ocean-god; kha gong  = kha ba'i gong ril  snow ball; kha char  snow and rain; kha ma char  sleet; kha ba can  SANST Tibet, the snowy country: kha ba can gyi yul  the country of snow, or snowy country; nga yi dus ni lo brgya na kha ba can gyi mtsho bri nas| 100 years (after) my time the snowy lakes of Tibet becoming dry; kha ba ca Da ka  a swallow, prob. snow-swallow.  kha ba'i rtul  SANST, SANST lumps of snow: kha ba'i phye ma  SANST snow dust; flakes of snow; also camphor, SANST; kha 'bab  or kha ba 'bab  snow-fall, avalanche; kha ba'i ming can  having the name of snow; kha ba'i 'od  SANST glare from the snow, snowy lustre.
kha ba dkar po 	n. of an important religious institution in Khams.
kha ba ri pa 	= gangs ljongs pa  a Tibetan; one residing in the snowy mountains (Yig. k. 6).
kha bad 	I: the architectural ornament of a Tibetan house formed by the projecting ends of the beams which support the roof.  II: the humidity of the air caused by snow (J‰.).
kha bar byed 	= reg bzang  of soft or pleasant touch (Moon.).
kha bu 	or kha bub pa  being turned downwards: bdag sdig pa'i gYang la kha bub tu lhungs  I have fallen headlong into the abyss of sin (Pag. 185).
kha byang 	SANST, SANST with the face downwards; learned, wise.
kha bye ba 	SANST in bloom.
kha brag 	forked rocks; any forked object; also as adj. lo kha brag , the mountainous wild country N. E. of Bhutan inhabited by wild tribes.
kha bral 	SANST divorce, separation, especially of lovers or husband and wife.
kha dbang 	eloquent: kha dbang chog  able to speak powerfully, eloquent (Oag. 11).
kha dbrag 	literally the mouth split: chu kha dbrag  a river which is divided or branched out; lam kha dbrag  a road which is branched into several paths; shing gi yal ga kha dbrag  the branch of a tree which divides into several parts; rmig pa kha dbrag  a hoof which is bifurcated or split.
kha 'bar ma 	SANST n. of a goddess (Rtsii.).  In the Hindu pantheon Jvalamukhi (she with a burning or glowing mouth) is worshipped s the goddess of cholera.
kha 'bu ba 	the opening of the buds of flowers.
kha 'bub tu nyal ba 	to lie with one's face downwards.
kha 'bus pa 	SANST, SANST unblown flower, buds.
kha 'byed ba 	= kha phye ba  to open a cover or pasted letter or packed article; is also used of books.
kha 'bri ba 	to make less, to diminish; to detract from (in quality).
kha sbyang 	eloquence; kha sbyang ngo  eloquent.
kha sbyar 	or kha sbyar ba  the mouth of a vessel or box closed or shut up: zangs chen kha sbyar rin chen sil mas bkang  a covered copper vessel filled with precious things, etc. (G. kah. 77).
kha sbyor thig le *	= thig le 3 SANST, SANST n. pr. (Sch. Ta. 2, 275).
kha sbyor 	SANST, SANST anything that is left after eating or has been touched by the mouth but not eaten; kha sbyor ba  to kiss.
kha sbyor bdun ldan 	= rdo rje 'chang  the Tantrik Buddha Vajradhara (Moon.).
kha ma 'cham 	= kha mi mthun  discordant; kha mi 'cham  does not agree or live in harmony.
kha ma phye ba 	SANST an opening bud; one of the twenty-one hells in which sinners are punished, being bound with ropes.
kha ma bye 	SANST a store or repository (Lex.).
kha mi shes pa 	not knowing the language.
kha mur 	bit (of a bridle).
kha med 	silent; cannot reply: lab na kha med|bton na rgyu med| if asked there is no reply; if ransacked, nothing to produce (from one's pocket); kha med lkug pa|lce med dig pa| (the common saying is) "the dumb does not speak, the tongueless stammers."
kha mo 	enchantment; irresistable influence.
kha dmar 	lit. "red mouth"; a demon or preta; a ghostly apparition.  This word is used in astrology and the medical works of Tibet to signify an affirmative prediction, good or bad.  When such a prediction is realized it is called kha dmar phog , when otherwise it is called kha dmar tog .
kha rtsang 	= kha sang  yesterday forenoon: kha rtsang gi byis pa  the boy that was here yesterday forenoon (A.); also the day before yesterday; khar sang gza' nyi ma  last Sunday (J‰.).
kha rtsod 	disputation.
kha tsha 	bitter and acrid; hot in the mouth; pungent like pepper; acc. to J‰. (a) a very acrid sort of radish; (b) aphthÊ thrush, a disease of the mouth incident to horses, cows, sheep, &c.; (c) kha tsha ring nge ba  daily warm food.
kha tshar 	1. fringes, such as the threads at the end of a web or cloth or rug, scarf or sash.  2. minor ingredients in a medicinal mixture: snan gcig gtso bo byas nas de la snan gnyan gcig cung zad btab pa la kha tshar btab zer| having made one drug the principal ingredient, on adding thereto another drug in less quantity, it is called adding the kha-tshar.
kha tshub 	snow-storm.
kha tsho 	boasting: kha tsho shin tu che ba  a great swaggerer (J‰.).
kha tshod 	the weighing: kha tshod blta phyir tshig gi lan smras pa  (A. 6) considering one's expression with a view to reply to it.  (tshig gang 'dra lab yong tshod lta ba ).
kha tshon 	= kha 'grig , kha 'cham  or kha mthun  unanimous, of one voice or opinion.  Generally used with gcod pa , meaning  1. as in thams cad mthun par dam par kha tshon bcad  (A. 3), all unanimously and firmly agreed upon; lit. kha tshon  colour; hence to be all of one colour in the face, i.e., to be of the same opinion.  2. = thag gcod pa  a final decision or resolution: kun gyis rgyal srid spang bar kha tshon bcad  (A. 15) they all resolved to forsake their kingdoms; mtha' gcig tu kha tshon chod dka'  it is difficult to arrive at a final decision.  3. surface or width (J‰.).
kha mtshul 	SANST muzzle; mouth; the lower part of the human face.
kha 'tshangs pa 	= snod pa  to slander; to curse (Moon.).
kha 'tshog 	abuse: kha 'tshog chen po  a great abuser, a reviler.
kha 'dzin 	SANST the cuckoo.
kha 'dzin byed pa 	to receive in a friendly spirit; to be kind; to assist (J‰.): also to govern; kha 'dzin par mngags pa  sent or commissioned for governing (Dsam. 25).
kha 'dzin gsum 	are the following three: sug snel  SANST small cardamon, Convolvulus turpetthum; gur gum  saffron; and pi pi ling  long pepper (Sman. 450).
kha 'dzum pa 	to shut the mouth.
kha zhan 	of inferior quality or of low position: kha zhan pa'i sdug bsngal  the misfortune of being of low birth (J‰.).
kha zhur 	water-hen (Sch.).
kha zhe 	mouth and mind: kha zhe mi mtshungs pa  hypocrisy; hypocrite; kha zhe med pa  unfeigned; sincere.
kha zheng 	breadth, expanse, e.g., of the heavens.
kha zhen 	= kha lab shan-pa modest in speech; also not able to speak well.
kha zhes 	food, victuals (Cs.).
kha zam 	kha che zam  a kind of chintz from Kashmir; also a kind of cloth or silk stuff in variegated colours: bal zam  chintz from Nepal.
kha zas 	food, either in general or some particular article of food: kha zas la brkam par gyur  he longed for food; kha zas gtsang ma  clean food, or clean in (taking food).  In Sikk. khabze sweet cakes, etc.
kha zum pa 	to close the mouth or any opening.
kha zur á	or kha sur  SANST the date fruit.
kha zer ba 	SANST loquacious.
kha gzar 	spoon or ladle.
kha gzi 	or kha gze  in W. rake in gardening; in Spiti a carrier's load; kha ze-pa a coolie (J‰.).
kha bzang 	= tshig gi btang rag  good speech; one who speaks pleasantly (Moon.).
kha'i nyin 	SANST the day before yesterday.
kha 'og 	lit. face downward; downcast; kha 'og tu bcug pa  or chud pa  to subjugate one, or to enforce obedience upon; kha 'og tu bltas te shi ba  to die falling down head-long, i.e., with face downward.
kha ya 	lit. being one's partner or match as to speaking, but in general partner, assistant; kha ya byed pa  to assist: kha yi ya nga mi thub  I am not his match, not able to compete with him; with regard to things, I am not equal to the task (J‰.).
kha yig 	SANST the letter kha , a label; a letter or writing on the cover of any parcel or letter; an inscription.
kha yel 	the spout (of a kettle or any other vessel): bum pa'i kha phyir 'phyang ba kha yel la mchu 'drongs pa  drawing with his lips at the spout which hangs down outside the vessel (A. 23).
kha yog 	a false charge (J‰.): ma nye pa'i kha yog byung  (C.) he was unjustly accused (J‰.); ma nyes par gyod kha mchu dang mi kha byung ba sogs bdag la don med pa'i kha yog byung | unfounded accusations arise such as those coming by word of mouth and by implication, though one is guiltless.
kha gYel 	wide mouth: lhun po yongs rdzogs dbyibs snod kha gYel ba ltar  the shape of Sumeru resembled that of a vessel placed with its wide mouth upwards (i.e., like a pyramid on a point (Ya-sel. 35).
kha gYogs 	= kha khebs  cover of a vessel or basket (G. kah. 77).
kha ra 	in W. for ka ra  sugar (J‰.); trough; manger (Sch.).
kha rag 	n. of a place in Tibet.  kha rag sgom chung  n. of a celebrated lama of the Kadampa School of Buddhism.
kha ras 	neck-cloth; a towel.
kha ri 	or kha ru  v. khal ri 3.
kha ru tshwa 	= tshwa nag po  black salt used medicinally (Moon.): SANST, SANST, SANST a kind of salt (procured by boiling earth impregnated with saline particles); a particular kind of salt of fetid odour (used medicinally as a tonic aperient).  It is black in colour and is prepared by fusing fossil salt with a small proportion of emblic myrobalan, the product being muriate of soda with small quantities of muriate of lime, sulphur and oxide of iron (M. Wills.).  Kha-ra tshwa-yis drod skyed sbos-pa dao sgeg dao hgyio khrog bad rluo hjoms-par byed flatulence, accompanied with belching, rumblings, phlegm, and wind, is overcome by the medicinal salt.  Syn. ru tsa ka ; snin tshwa ; bi TMa ngo  (Moon.).
kha re skyengs 	= kha skyengs pa  or ngo tsha ba  to be ashamed.
kha reg pa 	to touch anything by the lips; to put one's mouth to a thing in order to eat or drink it.
kha ro 	taste in the mouth.
kha rog 	= kha btsum  silent, without reply: de bas rna ba ma tsha kha rog sdod  therefore remain silent with untingling ear!  kha rog sdod cig be silent; do not speak.  kha rog pa  is also freq. kha rog te 'dug pa  to remain silent.
kha rog pa 	SANST a kind of drug, prob. sulphate of copper.
kha rlangs 	SANST vapour from the mouth.
kha la me 'bar 	n. of the King of the Yi-dag or Preta.
kha la reg pa 	= metaph. zas  to eat; do eat (K. g. kha 28).
kha la sla te don la dka' 	easily spoken but difficult in meaning.
kha lan 	mouth requital; thanks-giving; reply, especially angry reply; also requital for food received (J‰.): dad zas kha lan bsam ngan 'khrug  when disordered with evil thoughts, the food of faith is my reply (Mil.).
kha las byung 	sprung forth from the mouth.
kha lin pa 	n. of a place in Tibet.
kha le 	v. khya le 3.
kha leb 	cover, lid.
kha lo 	1. = kha phyogs  towards the mouth.  2. prow of the ship (Schr.); according to others the helm gru gzing .  3. acc. to Cs. and J‰. the glans-penis.
kha lo sgy ur pa 	or kha lo sgy ur ba  SANST, SANST; SANST, SANST, SANST; kha lo sgy ur mkhan  one who steers; also a governor, a driver, a charioteer.  See especially in narrative of early life of the Buddha in Dulwa.
kha lo pa 	= kha phyogs pa  SANST, SANST; kha phyogs sgy ur mkhan  one who leads or guides; also a shadow.
kha log pa 	to reply; to contradict: phyi la 'gro nas tshur kha log pa  walking out he returned hither.
kha sha 	the spotted deer (J‰.); elk (Sch.).  In Sikk. the common deer of the Duars is called kha sha .  kha sha yi ja khug  a tea bag made of deer-skin.
kha shags 	jest; joke in W. (J‰.).
kha shas 	(sounded "kha-she") some; colloq. in C.
kha shugs can 	or kha zhad can  eloquent; kha shugs med pa  one who has nothing much to say, same as skad cha lab rgyu med pa .
kha shob 	colloq. lies; obscene talk; idle talk.
kha shor 	breach of promise: kha shor song  the mouth has run away, denoting inconsiderate talk (J‰.).
kha shol ba 	SANST rinsing the mouth; sipping water and ejecting it.
kha O á	n. of a mountainous country in the north-east of India (Ta.); the Khasya Hills in Assam.
kha gshags 	= kha rtsod  using rough language; controversy, discussion, dispute; with rgyag-pa to dispute: 'dzub mo bsgrengs te kha gshags rgyag tu 'gro| pointing his fingers he goes to dispute (Rdsa. 17).
kha bshad 	talk, gossip.
kha sag 	mtha' 'khob kyi yul zhig gi ming  n. of a wild country on the border of Tibet (Ya-sel. 38).
kha sang 	v. kha rtsang 3.
kha sangs 	explained as sems la gang shar ba kha nas drang po bshad  to speak one's mind; to tell honestly what has occurred in the mind.
kha sub 	a bribe: kha sub byin pa  to offer a bribe.
kha si 	n. of a wild hill tribe of India (of the Khasya Hills) (Dsam.).
kha sing 	1. the day before yesterday.  2. also = several weeks ago; some time back.
kha sur 	v. kha zur 3.
kha so 	1. abbreviation of kha, mouth, and so  so, teeth.  2. the edge, border of a thing: kha so la 'phang ngo | = kha khyer la 'phang ngo | flung to the border (Pag. 187): rdzings kyi kha khyer las 'ja' li byas  = gru rdzings kyi mtha' la shan rgyab  lined the border of the ship with iron plates (A. 18).
kha sral chung ngu 	SANST deaf.
kha slob 	= kha ton  learning by heart; primer used by children in W.
kha gsag 	v. kha bsag 3.  (EEE the original had "v. kha bgag " with transliteration kha-bsag.  The error in the Tibetan has been corrected.)
kha gsar 	new, fresh.
kha gsal 	or gsal kha  a message; clear language; intelligible language: kha mi gsal ba  obscure; not in clear terms or language.
kha gso 	made full by adding something more to it: phud dang bdud rtsi kha gso  filling with the best thing and nectar in oblation (Rtsii.).
kha bsag 	= kha gsag  SANST talkative.
kha bsre ba 	to associate with one another, viz., in drinking and smoking together.
kha bslang du 	turned upwards: kha bslang pa  to lie with the face uppermost.
kha bslus 	to tempt by false hopes and promises; to deceive by sweet words.
kha hrag 	forked mouth or point; the bifurcated mouth or end of anything made of iron or wood: nub na shing gcig rtse mo kha hrag dang  in the west a tree with forked top, &c.
kha lhag 	remnant of a meal.
khwa 	a raven: khwa skad shes pa'i rig pa  SANST the science of drawing omens from the caw of a raven.
khwa skrod nus pa 	= bya khwa ta ded thub pa  SANST able to scare a ravenóused as attribute of Buddha; as long as a boy cannot drive away a magpie he is not considered ready (by his age) to get religious instructions.
khwa ta 	the Tibetan magpie: khwa ta'i yis gdon nad sel bar byed|khwa ta'i sgro yis sgrib shing byed| the flesh of the magpie removes disease caused by evil spirits; the feather of the magpie prevents the patient seeing apparitions, ghost, &c; spotted magpie or khwa ta khra ba  fuller name for the magpie.
khwa ba 	= dpya ba  rent or tax in kind: chos bzhin du khwa'am dpya 'bul  paid rent or tax according to religious law.
khag 	I: 1. means, resource; khag med  = thabs med  without means.  II: a task, charge, business, duty, responsibility; of importance: khag khur  = 'gan khur  to take charge of a thing or person, to be responsible for anything, to be surety for anyone; khag 'khur ba  to assume charge of; kha 'gel ba  to place in charge; khag theg pa  or khag rgyag pa  to guarantee; become responsible: der 'tsho ba yong ba khag theg  I warrant you will get something to eat there.  khag theg  or khag khyag  in C. acc. to J‰. = bail; khag chen  important.  III: that which is divided off; a class, part, division, section (of a book or place); bcu khag  the tenth part; tithe: khag gnyis la phog song | I have hurt myself in two places.  yul lag  a province, district; rgyal khag  kingdom; dpon khag  principality; dgon khag  monastic estate or authority.  sde dpon khag so so nas mtshan gcig mchod pa phul dgos pas  the different divisional chiefs should make religious offerings (service) for one night (Loo. 'a 17); skyabs 'gro sems skyed kyi khag kho mo cag rnams  we who belong to the class in whom the inclination (for religion) and to seek refuge has arisen (A. 19).
khag po 	difficult, hard; colloq. "ka-le khag-po."  las ka 'di ha cang khag po red| this work is very hard; lam khag po 'dug  the way is difficult; khag po byung  difficulties arose; khag po che ba  to suffer from want.  2. acc. to J‰. bad, spoiled, rotten: mar khag po song  the butter has become rancid (J‰.).
khang pa 	= khang khyim  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST house, residence, home; a building; steng khang , 'og khang , bar khang  upper story, lower story or ground floor, middle story; gzhung khang  means also the principal or central room.  A khao-pa is the opposite to phug pa , a cavern.  bzo khang  workshop; bang khang  store-house, store-room; sgo khang entrance, vestibule; skor khang  or more properly skor lam , passage running round a building or temple; shog khang  paper house or a house where paper is kept or manufactured.  In W. the scooping form or mould used in the manufacture of paper is so called.  tshas khang  flower bed (garden) (J‰.).  In Buddhism khang  signifies nang , inside, i.e., the heart: khang myags shing phyir 'dzag pa  SANST inwardly being corrupt, the pus issues or drops from him; mya ngan gyi khang  mourning house; also the body; khang gla  house rent; khang chung  SANST a small house; a house or room reserved for decrepit parents; khang chung pa  an occupant of such; yang khang chung pa  such a person of the second degree (if, during his life, his son enters into the same right) (J‰); khang chen  a large house; khang chen pa  SANST one taking his abode in a great house or mansion (Budh.); old, weak persons belonging to Gautama's family.  Syn. gnas khang ; gnas gzhi ; 'jug pa'i gnas ; 'dug sa ; 'dug gnas ; khyim ; khab ; rten gzhi ; rten gnas ; bla gab can ; phibs 'og  (Moon.).
khang gnyer 	SANST, SANST the steward of a house; the house-keeper; the person in whose charge a house is kept.
khang steng 	SANST the upper roof or terrace of a house.
khang thog 	or khang pa'i thog  SANST, SANST the roof or cover of a house; the top flat of a house.
khang pa bkra ba 	SANST a painted house.
khang pa btsan po 	a consecrated house where thieves or robbers cannot have access.
khang pa brtsegs pa 	SANST a masonry building; also a storied house.
khang pa gYo 	SANST the roof of a house: khang pa gYo ba  to cover a house, to roof it; khang pa ral zhing grum pa  or 'drums pa  SANST a delapidated house; a ruined edifice.
khang pa'i nang 	SANST, SANST the inside of a house; a room; an apartment.
khang bu 	n. of a fabulous country; a little house, cottage.
khang mig 	a room; a cell.
khang rtsa 	the foundation of a house.
khang brtsegs 	SANST upper house or a storied room, v. khang pa brtsegs pa 3.
khang zhabs 	floor; flooring of a room.
khang zhing 	= khang pa dang zhing kha  house and the cultivated fields attached to it.
khang bzang 	SANST residence; mansion.  In Budh. SANST (SANST), SANST, SANST monument.
khang bzo ba 	SANST mason; architect.
khangs pa 	= rangs pa   1. delay.  2. distance.
khad 	=  1. thag  or tshar  near.  2. litter barrow.  3. = ltar  like, as khad snyams , v. 'khod snyams , equal, even; de ma khad  = de ma thag  not distantly; instantly; as soon as; without delay: dbugs chad ma khad du  as soon as the breathing ceases; bu skyes ma khad cig  a child born just now; 'phur la khad  about to fly; 'gro la khad  about to go; lhung la khad  near to fall; slebs la khad  as soon as (he) arrived; 'chi la khad  when about to die: nub la khad pa'i tshe  when the evening drew near; dbugs chad la khad pa'i dus  when the ceasing of the breath approaches; zin la khad yod pa la  as we were just about to seize him; khang du  as far as: rting ma khad du  as far as the heel (J‰.).
khad kyis 	= dal bus  or rim gyis  SANST slowly, by degrees; khad kyis khad kyis  SANST by degrees; in slow motion.
khad pa 	the same as 'khod pa  to stick fast; to be seized, stopped, impeded, v. 'khad pa 3.
khan 	SANST bit; small piece (Cs.).
khan da á	SANST confection; a medicinal syrup; treacle or molasses partially dried; de la khNa Da bcos pa  the candy made of it (J‰.).
khan pa 	also khen pa , worm-word (Schtr.); to add (arith.) (Vai. kar.).
khan man 	modest in Lh. (J‰.).
khab 	I: = pho brang  SANST, SANST resp. of khang khyim , a great man's residence; a castle; court; residence of a prince; rgyal po'i khab  SANST metropolis; the capital of Magadha in Buddha's time; the modern town of Rajgir in Behar: rgyal po'i khab kyi mi rnams  the courtiers; the people of Rajagpha.  2. wife, spouse; khab chen ma  the first wife (who is high in rank): de la khab 'os pa ma rnyed nas  as there was not found a wife worthy of him; 'di gnyis nga'i khab tu byung ba rmis so| I dreamt that these two would become my wives (J‰.); khab tu bzhes pa  to take for a wife (Schtr.); chung mar khab pa  to marry; to take one for his wife.  II: SANST a needle: khab spu  a bristle; a needle like hair khrab phra  a small, fine needle; khab spom  a large needle; khab mig  the eye of a needle; khab mig tu skud pa 'jug pa  to thread a needle; khab rtse  SANST, SANST the point of a needle.
khab btsun ma 	a married lady; khab 'dzin ma  = khyim bdag mo  SANST housewife; the lady of the house.
khab ral 	also rtse ma khab ral  SANST needle-case.
khab le 	in W. difficult (J‰.).
khab len rdo 	SANST load-stone; the metal that attracts a needle: khab len rdo yis mde'u 'byin klad rus rtsa nad sel  the load-stone draws out arrow-heads and removes diseases of the brains, bones and veins.
khab long 	SANST the magnet; lit. the needle-lifter.
khabs 	n. of disease (J‰.).
kham 	1. colour.  2. a bit; a small piece of anything.  3. the point of a reed pen.  4. appetite (J‰.).
kham kham 	ser kham kham  or pale yellow: mdog ser kham kham snug ma'i mdog the colour was pale-yellow, i.e., the colour of a dry bamboo.
kham khum 	uneven, explained as 'bar 'bur ram gnyer ma lta bu  "in ridges, like a puckered skin."
kham gang 	or kham gcig  a bit; zas kham gcig  a mouthful of food: za dus dum bu re bcad de kha la bcug pa'i tshad  the measure of food in each piece that can be put in the mouth at once when eating; kham chung  a morsel.
kham star 	abbreviation of kham bu dang ltar ga  i.e., peach and walnut.
kham ldog 	faded colour, same as kham log , want of appetite; nausea, aversion, dislike (J‰.).
kham pa 	1. fox coloured; sorrel; brownish; kham nag  dark brown: ral pa kham nag  dark brown locks or mane.  2. porcelain-clay; china clay.  3. Tenacetum tomentosum, a very aromatic plant growing on the high mountains of Tibet.  4. a native of Khams in Eastern Tibet.
kham phor +	SANST, SANST a cup or saucer made of (burnt) clay; a cup made of dough, used in sacrifice as lamps (J‰.).
kham 'phro mi bcad pa 	SANST, SANST refers to Buddha having enjoined that a monk must not eat a fruit or cake, etc., leaving any of it.  He should not take more than what he can or should eat.
kham bu 	apricot; peach; in Sikk. kham bu'i rtsi gu  the stone of an apricot (J‰.): mnga' ris kham bu  dried apricot imported from Ngari: kham bus skra sogs spu skyes chu ser skyem  the peach dries the yellow humour of the body and promotes the growth of hair on the head (Med.); kham tshig  the stone of an apricot or peach; phyu ru kham tshig che tsam  the cost of a coral of the size of the stone of a large apricot.
kham gYag 	1. lit. the Bos grunniens or yak-bull of khams , which is of a brown colour: spu kha'i mdog ser kham yod pa la kham gYag zer| the colour of the hair (of an animal) when pale yellow is called kham gYag .  2. cherries, morels (J‰.).
kham ran pa 	SANST a horse's bit that fits well.
kham sa 	clay for making pottery.
kham sang 	= chab sang , gcin pa , etc., resp. evacuation; purging; making water.
kham ser 	of a slightly pale-yellow; colour resembling the colour of dried bamboo, v. kham kham 3.
khams 	I: = dngas ga  appetite.  (EEE Thus in the original but no doubt a misspelling of  angs ga  and with the meaning of ro bcud  which is not appetite.  The mis-spelling of  angs  with dngas  is very common.)  II: SANST the health, condition, physical constitution of the body; also root; a constituent or essential part; that which constitutes the nature of a thing.  Used colloq. as in kusho, khye'-kyi khams ta-sam?  "Sir, how are you?" (Snd. Hbk.): khams zhes pa  ir rang bzhin nam ngo bo la 'jug pa'i don can yin te rlung gi khams zhes pa'i khams de ni rlung rang gi ngo bo yin|  III: the six elements, earth, air, fire, water, the heavenly ether, and nam-shes or the physical substance of the mind.  For the last two, arterial blood and seminal fluid are sometimes substituted.  Also there are the eighteen elements acc. to the Buddhists, namely, the five organs of sense, together with manas (mind); the six faculties or senses dependent on these and also the six ideas produced by these six faculties.  Any one of the five properties or qualities of the elements observed by the organs of sense, viz., sound, tangibility, colour, flavour and smell, is also so called.  khams bco brgyad kyi mig sogs rten dbang po'i khams drug dang mig gi rnam par shes sogs brten pa rnam par shes pa'i khams dang gzugs khams sogs dmigs pa yul gi khams drug dang bco brgyad do| The eighteen khams  or Dhatu acc. to the Buddhist are:- I:- The organs themselves: mig  eye; rna ba  ear; sna ba  nose; lce  tongue; lus  body; and yid  the mind.  II:- gzugs  bodily form; sgra  sound; dri  smell; ro  taste; reg  touch; chos , SANST attributes.  III:- The rnam par shes pa  VijÒana or consciousness produced by the organs of sense, &c.  The VijÒana of mig , of rna ba  of sna ba , of lce , of lus  and of yid , i.e., eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind.  IV: empire; realm; territory; domain: yul khams  political territory; empire, in a geographical sense (J‰.); rgyal ba'i khams  kingdom: rgyal ba'i khams  the province or sphere of the Buddhas, also of their spiritual influence: rgyal khams 'grim pa  to roam over the kingdoms, the countries (J‰.): khams chen  empire; also the earth.  V: SANST world: khams gsum  SANST, SANST the sensual world, viz.:- (1) SANST or SANST ('dod pa'i khams ) the phenomenal world; (2) SANST; gzugs kyi khams  the world of astral forms; (3) SANST; gzugs med khams  the spiritual world, i.e., the world of formless spirits.  VI: n. of the eastern-most districts of Tibet, embracing some dozen semi-independent petty states, about half of which own allegiance to Lhasa, and the rest give joint allegiance to both China and Lhasa.  khams  and sgang  are the two lower regions of Tibet; these constitute what is called bod chen  or Greater Tibet.
khams brtas pa 	or khams brtas byed pa  one who draws omens: theg pa gsum gyi khams brtas byed ba  (J. Zao.).
khams chen po 	= dngul chu  mercury; quicksilver (Moon.).
khams  angs pa 	= khams bde ba  good health.  When glass is pure shel dri ma med pa  and clean it is called shes khams  angs pa .  A clear cloudless sky nas mkha' sprin pa med pa  is said to be sems sgrib pa med pa  the mind when it is free from defilement or sin.
khams bde 	= nad med pa  free from disease; health.  Syn. sku gzugs bde ; nyer 'tshe med ; nye zhos dben ; gcong med ; snyun med ; nad bu med ; 'byung bzhi snyoms ; bro mi 'tshal  (Moon.).
khams bde dri sned 	smra ba dang rjes su 'brel ba| to inquire of one's health if he is well or happy (a complementary expression used on the occasion of meeting) (Moon.).
khams bde ba 	or gzugs bde ba  good health; healthy constitution; the happy state both of the body and the mind: rje btsun gyi khams bde lags sam  is your reverence well?  khyed khams bde 'am  are you well? (J‰.).
khams ldog pa 	= khams log pa  want of appetite; aversion, dislike; khams rmya  nausea; falling sick (Cs.).
khams sna tshogs mkhyen pa'i stobs 	SANST the power of knowing the constitution of all sorts of bodies.
khams mi nyag 	n. of one of the petty principalities in Khams.
khams mi 'dra ba 	'jig rten gyi khams mi 'dra ba  different or dissimilar worlds.
khams tshan 	this term is applied to the quarters in a monastery reserved for the accommodation of the monks of a particular section of people or of some special community or those coming from one particular locality.
khams sas 	rest; health; comfort (Sch.); recreation; recovery; restoration of health.
khams su gtogs pa 	SANST included in the constitution.
khams slang 	= khams kyi sla nga  a cooking pan made in Khams.
khams sle 	better kind of coarse serge of the pattern coming from Yar-kand; blanket manufacture in Khams: snug sle khams sle bcas rnam pa re  each piece of blanket costs, &c.
khams gsum 	SANST the three worlds-heaven, earth and the nether world.
khams gsum 'khor los bsgy ur 	SANST a name of the Kalachakra system (Moon.).
khams gsum zangs khang gling 	n. of the temple in the grand monastery of Samye (Bsam-yas) built by one of the queens of King khri srong lde'u btsan  (Loo. 'a 8).
khams gsum la ma chags pa 	SANST is not passionately fond of or attached to the three worlds.
khams gsos par 	to repair broken health.
khar 	n. of a city in W. (S. Lam).
khar bkrol *	SANST (Schr.; Lebensh. 93).
khar rkyang 	v. kha rkyang .
khar gong 	steatite; soap stone; probably dkar gong  (Sch.).
khar chen bza' 	the Princess of Khar-chen, one of the queens of King khri srong lde'u btsan  (Loo. 'a 8).
khar ta ta 	n. of a city or seaport on the mouth of the Indus, Tata (S. Lam.).
khar pa 	1. n. of a demon of Puranic India who was killed by Krishna.  2. a compound of copper and zinc; bell metal.
khar ba mgar 	SANST a maker of bell-metal.
khar rtsang 	= khang sang  col. yesterday forenoon.
khar dzu ra á	SANST; shing gi 'bras bu  the date fruit.
khar sa pa ni á	or kha sar pa na  SANST he that moves in the sky; gliding through the air; a name of Aval-okitesvara Bodhisattva; Virnu.
khar gsel 	SANST the trident carried by mendicants of the sngags kyi theg pa  Tantrik School.
khal 	1. primarily a load or burden in general: khal 'khyer ba  to carry a burden; khal gyi steng la  on the top of the baggage; khal 'gel la  to load; khal 'bogs pa  to take off the burden, to unload; lug khal  a sheep load; 'khyer pa'i khal  a coolie load.  2. a set weight or measure, said to equal 301b, used for dry goods, corn, salt, tea, &c.  In Tibet 1 khal = 2 hbo = 20 bre; hence in Sikkim and W. khal gcig  "khe-chik" has come to mean 20 or a score of anything; 'degs khal  a weighing score; the weight of 20 points on the steel-yard called rgya-ma.  3. a caravan.
khal kha 	the native name of Mongolia Proper, the country of Jenghis Khan, the Tartar conqueror khul kha kha ral bla brang  lit. "the sacred enclosure of Khal-ka"; "the name applied to Urga in Northern Mongolia, where the incarnation of the Taranath Lama resides.  The latter is sometimes styled khal kha rje btsun dam pa  the venerable holy one of Khal-kha.
khal khol 	stunned; insensible (J‰.).
khal cag 	the best sort of wool for manufacturing shawls coming from the northern solitudes of Tibet.
khal rjes 	= dos rgyab  or khal ma rta , glang sogs kyi rjes  those who conduct a caravan or follow the train of packed animals, such as pony, yaks, oxen, &c.; relay of packed animals: khams sogs thag ring pa'i dos rgyab khal rjes  the relay of beasts of burden when proceeding on a long journey to Khams, &c.
khal pa 	1. wether; castrated ram.  2. sow-thistle, Sonchus.
khal ban 	jug or pitcher to hold wine for 20 persons or a quantity measuring 20 bre : dmangs chang khal ban re gang rigs  jugs of ale each sufficient for 20 of the vulgar folk of whatever class.
khal ma 	any draught animal or beast of burden: khal ma rnams bzang la skyel ba  to drive beasts of burden to the pasture; often contracted into khal: mi khal gnyis kyi gla  the wages of both carriers and beasts of burden.
khal ri 	= khal ru  or kha ri  or kha ru  a measure of about 20 bushels.
khas 	for kha yis  instr. of kha .
khas khyags 	= khas thegs  or khag thegs  to be witness; to give evidence.
khas che 	= khas blangs  promise.
khas che ba 	SANST to promise; undertake: khas che ba'i dge slong  SANST a Buddhist monk who has taken the vows.  Syn. khas che ; phyogs bzung ; nges par mnyan byas ; yang dag thos ; bdag gir byas ; so sor mnyan ; gYar dam ; dam khas blangs bar 'os pa ; dam bca' ; khas len  (Moon.).
khas brjod 	= glu dbyangs  song; singing (Moon.).
khas nyen dbang chung 	= mi nyam chung  a humble man.
khas blangs 	= khas len  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST promise; consent, approval; knowledge; acceptance.
khas zhan pa 	nyam chung  humble.
khas len rgan khur 	responsibility.
khas len pa 	or kha lang ba  SANST  1. to promise; to stand bail or security.  2. to presume; to arrogate; to accept, adopt with the mouth; to acknowledge, admit (J‰.).
khi 	numerical figure 32.
khi bi dza la á	SANST n. of a city in the neighbourhood of the fabulous Sambhala.
khi'u 	(khying  or khi chung ) a small cutting-knife.
khu 	numerical figure 62; also for khu ba  (human or juice or sap), as in khu khrag sogs  SANST, humour, blood, &c.
khu gu 	uncle (Cs.).
khu khrag 	SANST the mixture of the semen with the uterine blood by which process, according to Indian physiology, the fútus is formed (Med.).
khu tu 	a hut, cottage, constructed of branches of trees (J‰.).
khu thu chi 	the title of a Mongolian nobleman: sogs po'i khu thu chi'i chas thob  obtained the robe of a Mongolian Chief.
khu rdul 	khu rna  water-spray: spring dang khu rdul thams cad rang sar dengs  the water in all its particles issued fresh from the clouds (A. 149): nam mkha'i khams mi  angs par byed pa snug pa dang rdul sogs  the firmament of the sky was obscured by mists and fogs.  In medical works the seminal fluid of the male is called khu  and of female rdul .
khu nu 	the districts of Kunawar and Bissahar on the Upper Sutlej, bordering Tibet and inhabited in the northern part by Tibetans: ku nu'i rgun 'brum  grapes from Kunawar.
khu rna 	v. khu rdul 3.
khu po 	n. of a place and also of a Lama of that place (Deb.).
khu ba 	= zhu ba ; SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. fluid, liquid: ltung bzad bkrus pa'i khu ba  the liquid (water) which has washed a mendicant's bowl; khrus khu  dish-wash; swill (J‰.); 'bras khu  rice-soup (Cs.); rice-water (Schtr.); shing khu  the sap of trees; rtsa khu  the sap of plants (Cs.); sha khu  broth; gravy; mar khu  melted butter.  2. semen virile.  Syn. zla ba ; thig le ; sa bon ; stobs ldan ; dbang por 'gro ; byang sems dkar po ;  angs ma ; khams dkar po  (Moon.).
khu ba kun ldan 	= spos dkar shing  the Sal tree, the dried sap of which is used as incense.  Syn. sAa la'i shing ; sra rtsi shing ; spos dkar shing ; mchod sbyin spos  (Moon.).
khu ba ldan 	v. thar nu 3.
khu ba byed 	= rkang mar  marrow; to make a soup of; also to make an infusion or decoction of: snan dang sha sogs kyi khu ba byed pa| (Moon.).
khu ba 'byin pa 	skyes pa'i thig le 'don pa  to emit semen.
khu ba ser po 	= skyer ba  n. of a plant from which a kind of yellow dye is made in Tibet (Moon.).
khu ba'i bdag nyid 	= skyes pa  SANST meton. for a male person.
khu ba'i 'pho 	SANST the discharge of the semen.
khu ba'i dbang po 	SANST, SANST a kind of mercurial medicine.
khu ba'i slob ma 	SANST = lha ma yin  SANST the class of demigods on Mount Sumeru who fight with the Lha (Moon.).
khu be 	n. of a place to the west of Lhasa.
khu bo 	SANST uncle on the father's side, i.e., pha spun , father's brother, uncle; khu dbon  also khu tshan  uncle and nephew: pha'i spun aa khu'i rigs la khu bo zer  father's brother is called A-khu or Khu-bo.
khu byug 	SANST, SANST cuckoo.   Syn. dpyid kyi pho nya ; nags na dga' ba ; 'dab ma'i thig pa ; na tshod gnas ; mig mdzes ; 'dod pa'i tA la ; gzhan gyis gsos ; ngag snyan ; dbang snyan ; gzhan la sems ; 'dod pa'i pho nya ; skad la lnga pa'i dbyangs ; sbrang rtsi'i sgra  (Moon.).
khu byug grags zla 	= zla ba bzhi pa  the fourth month of the Tibetan year corresponding with the month of May (Rtsii.).
khu byug mig 	I: eyes like those of the cuckoo; red eyes.  II: shing ko lkSa  SANST n. of a tree (Moon.).
khu byug rtsa 	n. of a medicinal herb.
khu mag 	purse, money-bag; colloq. for khug ma  (J‰.).
khu tshur 	SANST the clenched hands; fist.
khu tshur gyis 'tsho 	= gser bzo ba  a goldsmith; one who makes his livelihood by the use of his fist, i.e., hand-craft (Moon.).
khu tshur bcings pa 	to clench the first; also to hold with the fist (Moon.).
khu tshur bcings *	SANST fist; closed hand (Schr.; Kalac. T. 131).
khu tshur snun pa 	= khu tshur rgyab pa  to strike with the fist or the half-closed fist (Sch.).
khu 'od bza' 	n. of the mother of Bromston, the founder of the Lamaic hierarchy of Tibet.
khu yu 	hornless; having no horns; also a corruption of the word khu-byug in colloq. Tibetan.
khu ra 	snum khur  cakes or pastry fried in oil butter (K. du. 327).
khu lu 	1. the short soft hair of the yak, also pashm wool in general.  2. In Lh. venereal disease; syphilis (J‰.).
khu le 	1. n. of place in Tibet: khu le rnam rgyal  the Lama Namgyal of Khu-le; khu le'i cha ha bo gangs ri  Habo Gang-ri, a part of Khule.  2. In the Dzang-lun the word is used to denote the pan in an ordinary pair of scales on which the weights are placed.
khug 	or khugs   1. a corner or nook; a creek, bay, gulf, inlet; chu khug  crook in a river: khug tu , in the inner recess of a cavity.  2. imp. of 'gug pa  SANST, drawn or attracted by; gyen du khug  called upward, i.e., to good luck or fortune; khug thub  earned, acquired.
khug khyog 	solitude; solitary place; a place with few men.
khug rta 	khug ta  or aa li khug rta  SANST, SANST, SANST the swallow, Cuculus melanoleucus, a kind of swallow (Cs.): khug rta'i glo bas glo rtol gcod  the lungs of khug rta  suppress pulmonary diseases (Med.).  Syn. char stod ; chung nyung ; sprin la slong ; sprin 'degs ; bzang mo ; thub pa'i bu ; sgra sgrogs ; char dga'  (Moon.).
khug sna 	or khug rna  SANST, SANST fog, mist, haze (during a calm, especially in spring time): mentioned also as yan lag gi gdog brgyad kyi gcig  "one of the eight varieties of causal concatenation."
khug pa 	I: turning like a zig-zag; also bending like a thread that is trimmed; lam khug pa  the twist of a road; skud khug pa  entwining of a thread; dus khug pa  returning to mundane existence at the expiration of each term of life.  II: to find, get, earn, draw: nor khugs pa 'ang sring  it is even possible that cash may be replenished; gnyid khugs pa  to get asleep: srang gsum khugs  it drew, i.e., weighed three ounces (J‰): khug pa bco brgyad  "the eighteen turns," i.e., returns to life in the present kalpa.
khug pa lhas rtsi *	= rta nag 'gos lo tsAa ba  (Schr.).
khug ma 	SANST also SANST pouch; little bag; small sack; rgya khug  Chinese bags made of leather; ske khug  neck-bag; a bag with charmed objects or important letters hanging at the neck; a courier bag; glo khug  bag carried at one side; dngul khug  pouch for silver, a purse; bul khug  pouch containing soda; me lcags khug ma  tinder-pouch with flint; nu khug  sucking bag for babies; rtsam khug  a bag of barley flour; tshwa khug  a salt bag; zhib khug  little bag for flour; gYang khug  pouch containing auspicious articles to draw good luck.
khugs pa 	n. of a dynasty originated at a place called Khugs-pa: rgyal rabs khugs pa thugs rje chen po'i yang tig las gsang ba po dge  is the n. of a historical work containing accounts of the succession, dynasty, etc., of kings narrated by Khugs-pa Thugs-rje chenpo (Yig. 9).
khung 	I: hole, pit hollow, cavity, originally used, only of dark holes and cavities: khung nyal  SANST that sleeps in a lair or hole; a snake; sna khung ; nostril; chab khung ; a sink; mchan khung  armpit: armhole; gtor khung  a sink; a gutter; mda' khung  loop-hole; a hole made by an arrow; byi khung  mouse-hole; brag khung  a cleft in a rock; bso khung  peep-hole; 'i khung  or mig khung , te khung  are used of any hole in walls, clothes, &c., caused by natural or artificial causes.  II: rtsa ba  root: de'i khung na'ang bod kyi sems can dang sangs rgyas kyi bstan pa  from that root the living beings of Tibet and the religion of Buddha spread out, &c. (A. 128).
khung drogs 	soot of an oven or chimney (Sch.).
khung pa 	or khung po  a large hole.
khung bu 	= khung  a small hole (Cs.); spu'i khung bu  the passage of perspiration; hair-hole or cavity.
khung bu can 	full of cavities or holes.
khung rtsi 	or khung phu'u tsi  Confucius, the first law-giver of China and founder of Confucianism.
khungs 	origin, source: khungs skyel  the act of making over the charge of any office or store in a faithful manner without anything missing, making use in full of that bought over as a loan, &c.: chos khungs dag pa  pure and uninterpolated religious work; also pure religion: rgyud pa khungs dag pa  of pure origin or lineage.  The word khungs dag pa  is also applied to articles of the best make and quality from well-known centres of trade: 'dir yod rmongs mi rnams nas khungs skyel thub pa'i snyan zhu 'bul  the benighted people of that place petitioned stating the real state (of affairs).  khungs thub  pure and real, original; khungs med  or khungs ngan pa  having no good origin, i.e., mean, inferior: gtam khungs  historical or traditional source; record; document: gtam khungs can yin  the source of that speech is divine.  bsgoms pas rnam rtog sa bon dang bcas pa spong nus pa'i khungs ji ltar zhe na| If asked what is the nature of meditation, it is the secret source of being able to abandon imaginative thoughts (rnam-rtog) together with their seed (Lam. ti., 43).
khungs ma 	= dngos nas yod pa  original and really existing or spus dag po  of excellent quality, same as khungs gtsang ma 'ga' zhig la gzhi khungs ma nas 'byung ba'i rgyu mtshan  some of pure descent had reasons arising from genuine grounds.
khungs btsun 	well-founded; genuine; of undefiled origin: bon gzhung gang rung khungs btsun nas bshad pa  as described in whatever Bon texts that have a genuine origin.
khud 	coat-lap or any makeshift cloth; wrapper: gos kyi khud du dril te khur  carried wrapped in the flap of his coat; khud du  aside, apart; secretly; khud du 'jog pa  to put; lay aside: khud du byas pa  to have shown one's authority over a thing which belongs to many.
khud pa 	pocket, pouch (Sch.): rdzas  or skyel rdzongs  SANST anything sent; a dowry; an article presented.
khud ma 	side; edge (Cs.).
khud ze 	for khud la gzad  hold forth the lap of your coat!
khun ti 	or khyen ti  is stated to be used in Pur. for he or she (J‰.).
khun pa 	SANST the uttering of any inarticulate sound; cooing; moaning; the rattling of wheels; rumbling of the bowels; to grunt (J‰.); to groan (Sch.).
khum bu 	n. of a place in the confines of Tibet and Nepal (S. kar. 77).
khum 	(khums ) crooked (J‰.).
khums lag 	= skye lag , don bsgy ur yin  diminished; changed: khyed kyi dad pa khums lag na  if your faith be diminished (A. 85).
khur 	or khur po  SANST burden; load for men: bu der pha'i khur phog pa  the father's burden having fallen on the son (Pag. 23): khur skyed pas 'tsho ba zhig  one that lives by carrying loads (J‰.): khur shing  wooden pole over the neck from the ends of which loads are carried; a milkmaid's yoke-pole is called khur 'dzin : khur khur po  he who carries the bodily existence is Puo-gala; a corporeal being; khur gyis dub pa  SANST one worn out by carrying loads; khur gyis non pa  one drooping under a burden or load, also pressed down by responsibilities and sufferings: sdug bsngal mang po'i khur gyis non par 'gyur  were pressed down by the weight of many miseries; khur gla  SANST the wage for carrying a load: khur rngan . id.
khur lci ba 	heavy load or responsibility: rgas te 'chi ba dang khur lci bas ngal  being old, heavy burdens and death wore them out (Lam-rim. 74).
khur brnyan pa 	= gYar ba  SANST (from SANST) to borrow; to take loan of.
khur thag 	= khur yongs 'dren thag  or 'phyang thag  the rope used in suspending loads from the ends of a yoke-like pole; rope to carry loads.
khur 'degs byed 	giving over a charge or responsibility or load.
khur 'dren pa 	SANST one who carries or draws a load; one who takes charge of.
khur pa 	and khur mi  a load-carrier; a coolie.
khur 'phrog pa 	SANST the depriving of one's charge; the robbing of one's load.
khur ba 	v. khur tshos 3.
khur bor ba 	SANST he who has laid down the burden, charge or responsibility.  In Buddhism khur bor ba  or khur po bor ba , one who has laid down the five aggregates (skandha), i.e., he who will not have again to take corporeal existence; one of the perfections of Sravaka.
khur blangs pa 	to take over charge: 'brel bshad kyi khur blangs pas  having undertaken the task of expounding (Situ. 2).
khur mang 	(khur mangs ) or khur mang pa , khur tshod  SANST, SANST dandelion, or the (ba glang lce ) ox-tongue (as it is called in Tibet), used as a pot-herb and medicinal plant, a kind of edible herb: khur mang bad snug tshad pa la phan  dandelion is useful in fever and brown phlegm.  Syn. khur tshad ; ba glang lce  (Moon.).
khur tshos 	or mkhur tshos  SANST; SANST the cheek, the ruddy part of the face below the eyes.  Syn. khur ba .
khur bzod pa 	SANST one who is able to carry a load, who has patience to carry a burden or responsibility.
khur la mi 'jigs 	= sa gzhi  the earth (Moon.).
khur len 	the charge of : rdzong sdod mi 'dis lo zla tshes gang 'di tsam rdzong gi khur len byed pa  the resident officer in the Jong about this date of the month and year took over charge of the Jong (district).
khur bsam che ba 	one having a sense of responsibility: byed sgo gang  ir khur bsam che ba dgos pa'i bkod  general instruction for the necessity of a sense of responsibilities in an office.
khul 	1. jurisdiction; province; domain; district: gzhi rtse khul  within the jurisdiction or province of Shiga-tse: lha sa'i khul  all the places belonging to or within the town jurisdiction of Lhasa: de'i khul la 'dug  is subject to him (J‰.).  2. also manner, state, or circumstance: yang ma shes na shes khul byas  if you do not know, act the manner of knowing: med na yod pa'i khul byas  if (you) have (it not), act as if you had: gcig phar tshur tshong phran bu rgyab khul byed kyi yod| I have been doing a little business in buying and reselling from one party to another.  3. a raven (in Kunawar).  4. the soft down of furs (Sch.).  5. khul mal  small basket for wool.  6. very soft wool of Tibetan goat which grows next to skin, and also called khu lu  or bal 'jam : khul sgy e mo  made of the softest goat-hair or yak-hair: khul phying  felt made of the softest wool of goat or yak.  Syn. mngal zhabs ; mnga' 'og  (Moon.).
khul ma 	the bottom or the side of a thing (Cs.).
khul rtse 	= ha cang  or shin tu  to great measure, lit. from the bottom to the top; hence entirely, greatly (Yig. 14).
khul rtsid 	an abbreviation of the words khu lu  and rtsid .
khe 	numeral ninety-two (92).
khe khye 	or khe ma   1. profit, gain; khe spogs  ditto; khe tshong byed ba  to trade; to traffic; to bargain; shes pa'i khe khye  gain; advantage obtained by experience.  2. tetter; herpes; ringworm (eruption on the skin) (Sch.).
khe gad 	n. of a place, the birth place of lo tsa ba 'khor lo grags pa  (Loo. za 30).
khe gan rtse 	n. of a monastery in China erected by the Chinese Minister Ka-thi-shee (Yig.).
khe sgrub pa 	to make profit, to gain: khe brgyab pa  to make a good bargain (Sch.).
khe can 	with profit; profitable.
khe nyen 	profit and loss; risk; also good and evil, i.e., yag  and nyes .
khe pa 	in Amdo = tshong pa  tradesman; dealer; one who makes profit by selling or in business; tshong 'dus khe pa  trader; middleman.
khe brag mdo 	n. of a place in Kong-po, where the eighth incarnate Karmapa Lama was born.
khe med 	unprofitable.
khe ru 'gro ba 	to fall in price.
khe le mon 	n. of a place in Mongolia (Yig.).
khe slebs chen po 	very profitable yielding good income.
khe gsum 	n. of a place in Tibet (S. kar.).
khegs 	v. kha 3.
khegs pa 	I: to obstruct; close: mngal sgo nges par khegs par 'gyur ro| (the medicine) will certainly obstruct the passage of the womb.  II: mun pa  i  a general name for darkness, gloom or obscurity (Moon.).
khengs gtam 	boastful words or language.  Syn. dregs tshig ; nga ro  (Moon.).
khengs ldan ma 	= bu mo dar ma  a youthful maiden (Moon.).
khengs pa 	SANST, SANST  1. pride, haughtiness, arrogance.  2. pf. of 'khengs pa  to fill; become replete with.  3. SANST puffed up, haughty, arrogant: khengs pa can  SANST one who boasts; braggadacio.  Syn. rengs pa ; dregs pa ; nga rgyal  (Moon.).
khen 'dra 	a kind of cotton cloth.
khen pa 	1. wormwood (Schtr.).  2. to lean; to repose on (erroneously for bkhan pa ) (Sch.).
khebs 	SANST, SANST a cover, lid, coverlet: SANST an enclosure round the sacrificial ground; khebs kyi dra ba  SANST a net (generally of iron) to cover anything; pang khebs  a cover for the lap; apron; napkin; sga khebs  a cover for the saddle; cog rtse khebs  a table cloth; char khebs  a rain cloak: thod khebs  a cap; hood; gdung khebs  a certain beam or board above the capital of a pillar; gdong khebs  veil; cloth to cover the face; mdung khebs  in W. apron.
khebs 'gab pa 	to place a covering (over a thing); to cover.
khebs sang ba 	to take the covering off.
khebs pa 	= gYogs pa  covering, veiled; khebs ma  covering (Cs.).
khem 	v. khyem 3.
kher rkyang 	alone; solitary: mi kher rkyang gcig 'dug  there was only one man, a solitary man.
kher rgyag pa 	to defraud; to usurp (Sch.).
khel sgo 	n. of a district, also that of a mountain: khel sgo ri la sdog rgyu khyod .
khel ba 	1. to load upon; = 'khel ba  (J‰.).  2. rely upon; depend on; blo khyel ba , blo ches ba  to have confidence in; brten khyel ba  to be sure; to be certain; to be certain; to be certain of anything; absolutely certain: de ring yong brtan khel yin  (his) coming today is absolutely certain.
khes nyin 	the day before yesterday (Sch.).
khes pa 	1. to hit (the right thing): gnad la khes pa  to strike the vital parts; to hit mortally.  2. one who makes profit or bargain by selling; a petty dealer, trader.
kho 	I: numeral 122.  II: the usual word for the pers. pron., 3rd pers., meaning he, she, or it.  Although not an honorific term, it occurs in many authors in referring to both common personages and respected persons, especially in Milaraspa and even in much earlier works where kho often refers to kings and lamas.  However khong  is the proper honorific term of the 3rd pers. pron.  In certain districts and in some popular writings mo  is used instead of kho for "she," but it is considered a vulgar and illiterate usage.  The plural takes cag  or tsho  e.g., kho cag , they, them; also kho tsho , commoner in W.  In C. kho rang  is the popular form for "he" or "she," &c.
kho ti 	tea-kettle, prob. Chinese (J‰.).
kho thag gcod pa 	to acquiesce in; hope for; be resigned to: bus rgyal srid 'phrogs pa'i lo rgyus thos nas 'phreng can gyis kho thag bcod  (Pag. 45) hearing the account of her son having usurped the kingdom, Hphreo-can acquiesced in it.  The word sems  often precedes this phrase.
kho mthing lha khang 	n. of a monastery in Lhobrag, South Tibet.
kho na 	1. only, solely, exclusively.  2. just, exactly, the very: sdig pa kho na  sin only; dge ba kho na  piety alone: skad cig kho na  only for a moment; 'dod kho nas brel ba  be separated even from desire: sems can kho nas bde bar 'dod tsa na  as he intended only the welfare of beings: rang byed pa'i skyon kho nar yong  (Pag. 134) it will be the fault only of one's own doing: rgyal pos 'dod pa kho na yin| that is just what has been wished for by the king (J‰.): snga ma kho na bzhin du  just as before: 'di kho na yin par nges  the very same (man): srin bu kho na 'dra ba  just like a worm: tshul de kho nas  by the very same process: de kho na  SANST the state of being that; true state; real state; truth; reality; opposed to what is illusory or fallacious; essential nature; the real nature of the human soul as being one and the same with the supreme spirit pervading the universe; (in philosophy) truth, reality, a true principle.  Syn. sha stag ; 'ba' zhig  (Moon.).
kho pa 	= kho cag  or khong tsho  they.
kho po 	a tribal name in Tibet: nyag le la kho po dang kho dbra gnyis  the nyag le  tribe is divided into twoókho po  and kho dbra .
kho bo 	SANST I; myself; kho bo cag  = nged tsho  we: 'di la kho bos ngo mtshar gyur  this produced admiration in me: lugs 'dir kho bo'i spro ba 'phel  for this system my enthusiasm increased.  In mi kho bo'i rnam shes  the term would seem to mean "himself"óthe soul of man himself.
kho bom 	the early Tibetan name for Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal.  In East Tibet Kathmandu is still called Yam-bu.
kho ma 	= khom  knapsack; wallet (J‰.).
kho mo 	I; we (feminine).
kho gYu 	the thrashing process, which is done by driving a number of oxen fastened together round a pole that stands in the middle of the thrashing floor.
kho ra 	I: is evidently a corruption of kho rang , mi kho ra rang gi  of the man himself (Oag.).  II: (Cs.) also 'khor sa  circumference; circumjacent space.
kho ra khor yug 	1. space; also fence; any surrounding wall (J‰.); also a ditch filled with water or moat round a city or a fort.  2. kun nas  SANST from everywhere, from all directions; kho ra khor yug tu  in a circle; in circumference (frequently in measuring) also roundabout, all round, e.g., to encompass: khor yug kun tu  in the whole circuit, roundabout (J‰.): kho ra khor yug tu dpag tshad phyed pa  extending over half a yojana or two miles all round.
kho re 	1. in Khams an expression of displeasure or anger towards a man: aa rogs  Oh friend! is the opposite of kho re .  2. one of the early kings of Tibet, son of king Lde-cug mgon.
kho ya che ba 	1. a large space (Sch.).  2. dough made of rtsam pa  (barley flour) and beer.
kho lag 	= sku lus  limbs, the entire body: kho lag yangs pa  fully developed body or prominent limbs; kho lag yangs shing che ba dang dpal dang gzi brjid 'bar ba dang | his person being well-developed, was large and glowed with grace and brightness;  i che ba la kho lag che ba zer  anything that is large all over is called kho-lag che-wa.  Also a generally well-developed shape is called kho-log che-wa.
kho lag rdzogs 	= lang tsho dar ba  youthfulness; full youth (Moon.).
khog 	freq. for khong pa   1. the interior, inside.  2. for khogs  or 'khogs .  3. also for 'gegs pa ; sha khog  the carcass of an animal for meat: khog 'dzud khog pa phyed dang lhu gzugs sogs  (Jig.) the entire body and one half of the carcass and the parts of the animal (slain).
khog gcong 	chronic disease in the stomach or internal parts of the body.
khog chud 	for khong du chud .
khog pa 	1. inside; the stomach: khog pa la lto zhu ba  the digestion of food in the stomach.  2. the trunk of the body, containing the heart, lungs, liver, &c.: rus spal gyi khog  the interior of the body of a tortoise.
khog ma 	also rdza khog  pot; earthen vessel generally used in Tibet for cooking rice, meat, broth, &c.: rdo khog  a stone vessel or pot used in Khams for cooking purpose; khog chen  large earthen or stone vessels for cooking the food of a large number.
khog yangs 	or khog pa che  capacious or large interior (Ya-sel. 48): khog shing  the core of a tree; heart-wood.
khog shugs 	a groan; a sigh.
khogs pa 	1. imp. of 'gog pa 3, ra de me tog za ma bcug par khogs shig  stop that goat from eating the flowers.  2. to cough (J‰.).
khong 	I: an honorific equivalent of kho  he, she: khong gi thugs la  in his thoughts; khong gi sku mdun du  in his presence; rgyal po khong rang yin dgongs nas  the king supposing that he himself was meant.  Plural khong tsho  they, them.  (EEE No definition II. is provided in the original.)
khong pa 	the interior of anything; the inside; also as adv. in the forms khoo-du, khoo-na, inside, within; also postp. khoo-na, into, within; khoo-nas out of.  Certain phrases occur: khong du tshud pa  to be anxious, to bear in mind; be impressed; khong nas smra ba  to repeat from memory; khong du bsdu ba  to collect in the mind; to impress on the memory; to learn (by heart); khong du ma chud pa  not to appreciate (Hbum. 239 to 249): khong du ma chud pa med pa| not that it was not understood or appreciated (Hbum. 239 to 249) khong nas snying phung ba ltar  as if their hearts had burst out; khong nas sdang ba  SANST to be angry or indignant; khong nas phyung  = nang nas phyung  was taken out; khong pa'i drod la phan  it helps the internal heat, i.e., digestion.
khong 'khrug 	uneasiness; sorrow; anxiety.
khong khro 	or khong khro ba  SANST the state of becoming angry; passion; also inward wrath, malice; khong khro can  SANST bitter; angry; malicious: legs  ad gang yin de kun kyang khong khro gcig gis 'joms par byed  even all the good that was done, by one angry outburst may be destroyed; khong khro spong ba  to put away or subdue anger; khong khro za ba  to conceive anger, take dislike; to be indignant; khong khro'i rnam 'gyur med pa  free from the state of passion or anger (Pag. 130.).
khong gang 	full inside; solid.  Syn. tshod yod ; khog chud  (Moon.).
khong snying 	1. the secret heart; the intention or design.  2. pith; core; shing gi khong snying  the pith or inner wood of a tree (Moon.).
khong snyom +	= yid zhum pa  of even temper.
khong mar 	butter used in making cake-like offerings to the gods.
khong snan ser po 	the yellow medicine from the intestines, i.e., bile or gall (Sman. 66).
khong rtsil 	suet.
khong 'dzin 	= khong khro  anger; vindictiveness (Moon.).
khong gseng 	secret holes in rocks.
khong gseb 	the hollow (of a tree); the inner recess: sngon drang srong go ta ma'i chung ma bshol med ma zhes bya ba shin tu sdug cing yid du 'ong ba zhig yod pa shing gi khong gseb tu spas  in ancient times the wife of Gautama the sage, Shol-med-ma by name, being very pretty and fascinating, was concealed in the hollow of a tree (Moon.).
khongs 	the middle; the innermost; khongs su  or khongs na  in the midst: khoos-su htshud-pa to go into the midst; to understand; byed-sgo che phra zom-lus med-pahi khoos hgros yoo-wa the more and less important works, not leaving out the simpler ones, should be well studied.  Hgro-wa rigs drug rtsis pahi skabs-su klu-ni dud-hgrohi khoos-su hdus when reckoning the six kinds of animated beings, include the Naga among the beasts; gser gling dang zang gling sogs kyang 'dzam gling gi khongs su gtogs  Ser-ling, Zang-ling, etc., are included in the continent of Dzam-ling: de nyid kyi khongs su gnas so| (this) is contained, i.e., included in, that (J‰.): bsil ri kha snyoms pa'i khongs skyibs na  in the protected cleft of the cool mountain where the snow is levelled (Ya-sel. 35).
khongs pa 	SANST  1. highly injurious; violent; cruel; rough.  2. adv. crooked: khongs cha 'dug  it is bent, curved, warped.
khongs ril 	crippled.  (J‰.).
khod 	= ngos 3  1. the external appearance; outward look; surface: snyoms pas khod  land of even surface; plains: so ngos snyoms pa  even and regular teeth: las ka la khod snyoms po gyis  in doing a work (business) be of even temper: zhal ba dang tshon btang rgyu la khod snyoms po gyis  in plastering and in painting make the surface even: mi mang po'i bza' btung la khod snyoms po gyis  in giving food and drink to many people make the distribution uniform: srab 'thug khod snyoms po  fine and thick levelled into one.  2. v. 3'khod pa 3 and 3'god pa 3.
khod khod grangs 	an average number (Ya-sel. 35).
khon 	SANST sbst.  anger; grudge; resentment; enmity: khon 'dzin pa  or khon du 'dzin pa  SANST to feel rancour, hatred; khon bzod pa  forbear, endure, forgive; khon gug te sdad pa  lit. to sit waiting out of vindictiveness to take revenge upon; khon 'bar  in W. sting; the burning of anger or hatred in the soul (J‰.); khon pa las khon par gyur zhing  getting more and more spiteful.  II: a technical term in Tibet and Chinese astrology applying to one of the eight mystical signs or parkha of divination; khon pa  one whose lot is cast in this division.
khob 	fat; heavy; clumsy (Sch.).
khob khrob 	the sound caused by the tapping of one thing upon another.
khom 	wallet; leather trunk; felt or hide bag: gzigs khoms  a great man's trunk: khom 'bog  a bag usually made of leather for carrying apparel and other articles on a journey.
khom pa 	1. to have leisure, time to do a thing.  2. to be enabled to do a thing by the absence of external impediments (Schtr.): khom pa min  I have no time; I cannot do it now; sdod mi khom  no leisure to stay; nga khom  I am versed in; mi khom  not practised; mi khom pa brgyad  SANST the eight obstacles to happiness caused by the rebirth in places or situations unfavourable to one's conversion to Buddhism.  Such re-births are:- sems can dmyal ba  SANST as hell beings; dud 'gro  SANST as beasts, reptiles, flies, etc; yi  ags  SANST ghosts; lha tshe ring po  SANST the gods who enjoy very life; mtha' 'khob mi  SANST the border (wild) people; dbang po ma tshang ba  SANST those who are defective in the faculties of the mind or of the body; log par lta ba  SANST following false or heretical doctrines or theories; de bzhin gshegs pa rnams ma byung ba  SANST the place where the Tathagata has not (yet) made his appearance.
khor mo yug 	incessantly; continually (Sch.), v. khor yug 3.
khor mor  od pa 	continual and uninterrupted suffering (in the hell): dmyal bar skyes na tsha grang gi sdug bsngal la khor mor  od pas chos byed du mi khom  when born in hell, being subjected to torments in the miseries of heat and cold, the performance of religion is impracticable.
khor zug 	an obsolete form of khor yug  also nye 'khor  SANST.
khor yug 	1. nye 'khor ; kun nas  SANST the horizon; the outmost limit; the outer line or circumference; nyin mtshan kun tu  at all times, day and night.  2. nyin mtshan khor yug gnyid med du bzhag  kept them without sleep at all times, day and night (Yig): khor yug chen po  SANST acc. to the Buddhists, the outer wall of the world; the greater horizon from the top of Sumeru.
khor sa 	= kho ra 3.
khol 	or khol bu  abridgment; epitome; khol du phyung ba  abridged (Cs.).
khol mchu 	the mouth of a bellows.
khol du 	= zur du  in a corner; marginally.
khol pa 	boiled (Cs.); boiling; bubbling (Sch.).
khol po 	= gYog po  SANST a servant; khol bran  a slave; khol por rjes mu bzung ba  to take; to hire for a servant: 'jig rten srid pa'i khol  the world is a servant of the evolving principal.  khol mo  a maid-servant; a female slave; khol po sgog skya'i khur po can  name of kind or vegetable medicine applied to wounds and sores, &c. (Sman. 350).
khol bu 	a bit; a small piece.
khol ma 	= skar khung  SANST  1. a window; a hole in the wall or roof of a house to serve the purpose of a window or sky-light; acc. to Sch. an outlet for the smoke in a roof.  2. anything boiled: ja dang chu sogs bskol pa'i khol ma  tea or water that has been boiled: dmyal ba'i khro chu khol ma  the boiling or molten matter of hell: 'o thug khol ma  boiling gruel.
khol mo 	1. gYog mo  SANST maid servant.  2. a coarse sort of blanket usually given to slaves in C. (Schtr.).  3. mowed corn; a swath (J‰.).  4. among the herdsmen called Dog-pa, a bellows made of an entire goat skin.
khos rgyud 	mis-spelt for khol rgyud  a slave family or mean extraction: mag pa lo gsum khos rgyud min kyang skul rgyud yin  though the son-in-law (elect) is not a slave (by birth) yet he should be made to serve (the bride's parents) for three years.
khos 	imp. of gas pa  to split: dgra bo'i mgo khos shig  split the head of the enemy.
khya 'i tse 	the running hand writing of Chinese.
khya le 	or kha le  as much as fills the hollow of the hand; handful, e.g., of water (Cs.).
khyad pa 	I: seldom khyags pa   1. frozen.  2. the frost; ice; khyag thog khar  on the ice; 'khyag pa'i bod yul  Tibet, the country of frost; khyag la sbyar song  it has stuck fast by freezing: khyag zhu ko ko  acc. to J‰. in Tsang, mud caused by a thaw; snow water; khyag sran can  hardened by frost; khyag rum  or khyog rom  ice; pieces of ice; floating blocks of ice.  II: undertake; to be surety for: 'di khyod khur khyag gam mi khyag  can you undertake to do this or not: bu lon sogs la kha khyag byed pa  to stand as security for a loan, etc.
khyad 	1. different, distinction: gang btang na khyad med  it is no matter which you give me; nga dang phrad pa dang khyad med  it is quite the same as if they came to myself; sems la khyad byung  a difference of opinion arose (J‰.).  2. something excellent; superior; khyad ches 'phags pa  greatly exalted; bzo khyad  an excellent work of art; bsgrubs pa'i khyad yong  there will be some advantage in accomplishing it; khyad nor  the principal or chief wealth; khyad don  the principal sense or reason; advantage.  3. is added to an adj. to express the notion derivable from any quality: spom po  thick; spom khyad  thickness; yangs pa  wide; yangs khyad  width; goms pa  accustomed; goms khyad  a habit or custom.
khyad khyud 	said to be grangs kyi ming , n. of a number (Ya-sel. 57).
khyad chos 	superior or excellent doctrine; a good religious discourse, hence those who possess special qualification for miracles are called gzhan las khyad par du 'phags pa  "in sublimity superior to others."
khyad du 	= khyad par du  or bye brag tu  especially, particularly; also superior and excellent; khyad du gsad pa  to contradict; also to do the contrary (out of pride or vanity); to despise: nga rgyal dbang gis dma' la khyad du gsad  from pride he speaks ironically to the lowly.
khyad par 	= khyad du  1. difference, distinction: nga dang khyod gnyis khyad par che  between you and I there is a great difference; de dang khyad par ma mchis pa'i rten  an image not differing from this; ming gi khyad par yin  it is (only) a difference of name.  2. sort, kind: 'bras bu'i khyad par kun  all sorts of fruit; ri  ags kyi khyad par zhig  a particular kind of game; yul gyi khyad par  a particular place or province.
khyad par bkod pa 	rgyal po'i pho brang  an edifice of special design; palace of superb make.
khyad par gyi 'ching ba 	SANST that which binds particularly, i.e., worldliness.
khyad par can 	special; specially good; superior, excellent, capital: khyad par can gyi mdzad pa gnyis  the two special achievements or exploits (Yig.): bla ma khyad par can cig  an excellent spiritual teacher.
khyad par du 	adv. particularly, chiefly, especially: khyad par du 'phags pa  particularly eminent, noble: khyad par du sod par byed  he scorns, despises, ridicules, vilifies.
khyad par gnas 	= byang chub ljon shing  the Bodhi or Pipal tree (Moon.).
khyad bar lo ma 	excellent leaf; SANST n. of an individual (A. K.).
khyad tshar can 	= ngo mtshar can  wonderful; curious; strange.
khyad gzhi 	the superior basis.  A superior basis is alone possessed of khyad-chos i.e., virtues which cannot be found elsewhere.  The god Brahma is called khyad gzhi tshangs pa  the god of excellent basis, for Brahma is possessed of superior moral merits, resplendence, and longevity.
khyab pa 	= rgyas pa  SANST, SANST  1. to fill, penetrate; also to embrace, estimate, comprise: 'brum pa mang pos khyab pa  full of, or quite covered with, pustules; mkhris pas khyab pa  filled, impregnated with bile; sngon 'das pa'i bskal pa grangs med dpag tu med bsam gyis mi khyab pa'i pha rol tu  unnumbered immeasurable kalpas ago; beyond what the mind is able to estimate.  In grammar: capable of being joined to any word, inclusive of all; khyab che ba  comprehensive; everywhere and nowhere; to be met everywhere; used also in the way of censure (J‰.).  nam mkha'i mtha' khyab pa ni sangs rgyas kyi mkhyen pa'i ye shes  the wisdom of Buddha encompasses the bounds of heaven; shes bya'i yul rnams ni nam mkha' mtha' dang mnyam pa'i khyab pa  the domain of knowledge is commensurate with the very extremity of the heavens.  2. khyab song ba  all-sufficing; all covering.
khyab cha 	= bya ba  duty, general business (of a man); work: lugs zuo-gi khyab-cha lhos med-du mcis am executing without relaxation the general duties of both parts of life (i.e., the spiritual and temporal) (Yig. 44.).
khyab 'jug 	SANST the All-pervading One, i.e., Virnu.  His several names are:- dga' ba'i dbang po go bin da  SANST the Lord of Pleasures, Govinda; thig le drug pa 'gro ba'i tog ; tha gu'i lto can sred med bu ; gYo med glang rdzi skra can gsod  the immovable Gopalaóthe killer of Kesi; mi yi theg pa dpa' bo brgyud , nye dbang dpal gyi be'us mtshan  SANST the sign Srivatsa on the breast of Virnu; pad ma'i lte ba 'og dbang skyes ; dpal gyi lag pa gYung drung can ; dbyig gi lto ba nabs so skyes ; sbyor ba brgya pa dpal gyi bdag ; 'jug pa bcu pa mi'u thung  SANST the dwarf; he of the ten incarnations; gom gsum gnn dang stobs ldan bsla ; mkha' lding rgyal mtshan 'khor lo phyag ; zla ba'i snying po pad dkar mig  SANST the lotus-eyed; Virnu; ma 'dzag dang ni rwa gzhu can ; sna tshogs gzugs can khyu mchog lto .  dga' ba brgya pa mthon po'i lha ; sbyin skyes dgra bo gos ser can ; me tog lto ba mkhar ba'i dgra ; mi yi seng ge khyab 'jug go  SANST, SANST Virnu or Nrisioha.
khyab 'jug rkang pa 	= river Ganges.
khyab 'jug skyes 	= tsan dan sbrul gyi snying po  SANST the fragrant sandal-wood tree.  Snakes generally coil round its branches; images made of it fetch very high prices.
khyab 'jug dga' ma 	= khyab 'jug chung ma  SANST Virnu's lover or wife.
khyab 'jug chung ma 	SANST Virnu's wife.  Her different names are:- pad ma can , SANST; 'phrog byed yum , dpal mo , khyab 'jug dga' ma .
khyab 'jug dregs pa'i gdong 	= snan chan  aconite (Sman. 97).
khyab 'jug gnas 	SANST a place of pilgrimage in Gaya, the temple where there is a footprint of Virnu.
khyab 'jug gnon pa 	= spang rgyan  lit. the ornament of grass or ston gyi me tog , an autumnal flower (Moon.).
khyab 'jug bzhon pa 	the golden eagle on which Virnu rides: khyab 'jug gi bzhon pa bya khyung gi ming  the different names of Garuda, the conveyor of Virnuóskya rengs nu bo  the younger brother of the dawn; 'od srungs skyes  SANST; mkha' 'grong dbang phyug , klu mthar byed  SANST; gser gyi 'dab can , rdo rje'i mchu , 'dab chags seng ge , lta 'gro za , nye dbang shing rta , rnam dul skyes , skar mig bu , dug 'joms ldan , 'dul skyes , 'dab chags rgyal po , mkha' lding  (Moon.).
khyab 'jug gzer 	or khyab 'jug nad , also ra hu le ne , epilepsy, which is supposed to be sent or caused by the planets or the Hindu deity Virnu.
khyab gdal 	spread out slowly and uniformly in all directions; to absorb all, as does Sunyata; voidity: khyab ni nam mkha' nyi 'od kyis khyab pa lta bu tshig gros gdal zhes pa sa thams cad khod snyoms par gdal ba lta bu chos thams cad la khyab pa'i stong nyid dang chos nyid la yang khyab gdal gyi sgra 'jug pa yod shes  (Oag.).
khyab bdag 	SANST the all-pervading lord.
khyab 'dod 	wishing everything.
khyab brdal 	= khyab gdal  all absorbing; all-encompassing: snang ba dkar po'i khyab brdal du spel  widely diffused like the sunlight.
khyab par 'gro ba 	to move, covering everything in the way.
khyab par 'dzin pa 	SANST to envelope.
khyab byed 	= ru rta   1. n. of a vegetable drug.  2. met. the eye.  3.  met. the sun.
khyams 	1. yard, courtyard; gallery (Cs.); = srang ga  the hall of a house; impluvium; (khyams is termed sgo-ra in a poor house).  2. open; uncovered place in the upper stories of a house where people sit for airing or to enjoy light, air and sun.  yul 'khor 'di na skyes bu ji snyed yod pa thams cad 'khor gyi khyams su 'dus shig  bring to the courtyard all the people as many as there are in this country to be my followers (K. d. 210 to 214).
khyams stod 	upper courtyard; khyams snad  the lower courtyard.
khyams pa 	khyams pa , khyar ba  or khyal pa  v. 'khyams pa 3 &c.
khyams ra 	open space before a house or on the roof of a house used for airing, walking, or sitting; also playground.
khyi 	in Tsang pronounced as kyi or kih, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST hound, dog; khyi mo  a bitch; khyi rmug yong  the dog will bite; khyi bos nas ma brdung  "after calling a dog, do not beat him" is a Tibetan common saying to explain that it is not proper to beat or insult an invited person even if he be a bad person.  Acc. to Sch. khyi rkang gnyis  a bastard dog, a cur; prob. an inferior breed is meant.  khyi yi lce yis rma rnams 'drub par byed  the tongue of the dog causes wounds to heal; khyi yi rlig pas bu ro 'byin  the testes of a dog draw out the dead child (from the womb); khyi yi klad pas phyi 'grib mig la phan  the brains of a dog are useful for the cataract of the eye; khyi yi khrag gi mdze nad sel  dog's blood removes leprosy: khyi yi sha yis chu nad skem par byed  a dog's flesh dries up water, i.e., heals dropsy; khyi yi spu gzhob lhob skrangs gnon  the burnt hair of a dog absorbs swollen ulcers; khyi yi brun gyis gnod 'jom skrangs pa zhi  the excrement of the dog subdues evil spirits in one's body and soothes swellings; khyi thug chu yis kha yi rul rdol gcod  the urine of a dog is a cure for ulcers in the gums (Sman.); khyi yi  od pa  the habits of the dog described by Masurakra are as follows: mang du zad pa  voraciousness, cung zad cog  contentment with a small quantity, legs par gnyid log  always sleeping, myur bar sad  easily wakeful, dpal la  intrepidity, snying nye  faithfulness, brtan pa  firmness.  khyi nyal rgyug lhong  is a common saying, to cause a sleeping dog to get up by poking him with a stick, i.e., to rouse to action one who is silent.  Syn. rdo rje'i mjug ma ; gso byed ; 'dod dbang ; seng ge'i rigs ; skye ba'i cha can ; rdzi gsang ba ; grong gi gcan gzan ; sha khyi  (Moon.).
khyi klung 	n. of a place and valley in Tibet.
khyi dkar dung gi thag pa can 	n. of a vegetable possessing medicinal properties for healing wounds and sores (Sman. 350).
khyi skad 	the barking of a dog.
khyi khang 	dog kennel.
khyi gu 	I: in W., bud (of leaves and branches, not of blossoms); the eye (of a plant).  II: a puppy; a dog.
khyi khyo 	n. of a place, also of a fabulous country to the east of Asia, prob. Kamschatka (J. Zao.).
khyi ston jo yi 	n. of a Buddhist teacher of Tibet.
khyi dam 	lit. dog's seal; a mark burnt in; stigma.
khyi dug 	the poison of hydrophobia (Sch.).
khyi mdud pa 	pairing of dogs.
khyi pal jor 	in W., Blitum virgatam.
khyi pul 	a dog kennel; dog-house (J‰.).
khyi  ang 	a jackal.
khyi bru 	a vicious, biting dog (Sch.).
khyi ra pa 	= rngon pa , SANST, SANST, SANST  1. a huntsman; one who kills wild animals by chasing them with dogs, &c.  2. ki ra ta  SANST a tribe in Nepal who live by hunting.
khyi sbrang 	a flea; lit. dog's fly.
khyi mo *	bitch or female dog: bud med de khyi mo dmar mo zhig tu song nas  "the woman having transmigrated into a red bitch" (Mil.).
khyi myong 	a rabid dog; also canine madness; hydrophobia.
khyi tshang 	a dog-house.
khyi 'tshed 	SANST the baker or seller of parched rice, millet, &c.
khyi'u ka +	the remainder of anything cut or chopped off.
khyi'u'i khyi'u 	khyi phrug  or khyi gu  puppy; pup: khyi'u'i khyi'u dbyung ba'i tshul du  SANST in the manner of a puppy being brought forth.
khyi ra 	chasing, hunting, especially of a single huntsman, not of a party; in W. to go hunting: khyi ra la chags can  one who is fond of hunting; sportsman.
khyi la wa ri 	= seng ldan  SANST the tree Acacia catechu; also Terra japonica.
khyi shig 	SANST a flea.
khyi shing 	a tree-drug which cures diseases of the lungs and the eye.  It also expectorative (Med.).
khyi so rgyab pa 	the bite of a dog: khyi so tab she  the dog will biteóLadak dialect.
khyig 	v. 'khyig pa 3.
khyid 	breadth of the hand with the thumb extended to form a span.
khyim 	1. resp. khab  SANST, SANST a home, residence, dwelling-place: khyim na  at home; khyim du  at home, in the house; khyim du  at home, in the house; khyim bdag rin po che  SANST the ideal householder (of the Buddhists).  2. SANST the signs of zodiac; khyim bcu gnyis  SANST the twelve signs of the zodiac; SANST or khyim gyi 'khor lo  the zodiac; SANST, lug  the ram; SANST, glang  the bull; SANST, 'khrig pa  (husband and wife in union) the twins; SANST, ka rka Ta  the crab; SANST, seng ge  the lion; SANST, bu mo  the virgin; SANST, srang  the balance; SANST, sdig pa  the scorpion; SANST gzhu  (or bow) the archer; SANST, chu srin  the sea-monster (capricorn); bum pa  water-pot; water-bearer; and SANST, nya  fish.  Besides these there are mentioned twenty-four minor signs of the zodiac such as SANST, mi'u thung  the dwarf; SANST, nye ba'i bum pa , 'brin gar , &c., which raise the list of the signs to thirty-six (K. g. da 129).  Acc. to J‰. there is moreover a division into twenty-seven lower mansions much in use, v. rgyu skar 3.  3. double hours; the time of two hours; the time of the passing of a sign of the zodiac through the meridian (J‰.).  4. halo or circle round the sun or moon (Cs.).  5. symbolic numeral 21 (J‰.).
khyim skyes 	SANST domesticated; indigenous.
khyim skyong ba 	to have a household; to gain a livelihood (J‰.); to stick to home and look after it.
khyim khol 	= skyes pa 'brus phyung ba  an eunuch; also SANST a domestic slave; one belonging or related to a family.
khyim gyi kun dga' ra ba 	= skyed tshal  a grove or garden attached to a house (Moon.).
khyim gyi gtor za 	chu'i bya gag  a grey species of duck (Moon.).
khyim gyi dag ra 	khyim gyi dag ra , dngas ra  SANST yard, courtyard.  The dag ra  of a temple or tomb is called 'khor sa  or nye khor .  (EEE the dngas ra  given in the original is a mis-spelling of  angs ra .)
khyim gyi nor bu 	(lit. the gem of the house) = sgron me  or mtshan mo'i snang byed  and 'bar ba'i ral pa  a lamp, light (Moon.).
khyim gyi gYabs 	SANST verandah or portico.
khyim gyi sa rtsis 	Khyim gyi sa tsis household; house-keeping; farming.
khyim nya 	a whale; a fish of the size of a house; a mythological fish (Sch.).
khyim nye ba'i rin po che 	SANST the perfect ideal of a lay subject of a king and second only to the khyim bdag rin pa che .
khyim thab 	or khyim thabs  husband; frequently also wife; khyim thab la slong ba  to give in marriage; to give away a woman for a wife; khyim thab mo  wife; house-wife (Cs.); khyim thab las ma 'phyo ba  SANST a devoted wife: bdag khyod dang khyim thabs bya'o| let you and me be married.  Syn. khyo shug ; bza' tsho ; bza' tshang  (Moon.).
khyim dang khyim na 	house to house; each in his house.
khyim du nyal 	= bya mchil pa  the swallow (Moon.).
khyim bdag 	SANST a householder; a master of the house; husband; owner of a house; a citizen.  Very freq. in the older writings khyim bdag gi rigs shing sAa la chen po lta bu| SANST the house-holder class is like a great Sala tree.
khyim bdag drag shul can 	a rough uncultured householder.
khyim bdag dpal sbyin 	khyim bdag dpal sbyin zhes pa ni bcom ldan 'das kyi dus su byung ba'i khyim bdag zhig gi ming  SANST n. of a householder who was devoted to Buddha (K. ko. ca 335).
khyim bdag mo 	SANST a house-wife; also a female householder.  Syn. brtul zhugs ma ; khyim 'dzin ma ; khab 'dzin ma ; rigs skyong ma ; rigs kyi ma ; khyim bdag ma  (Moon.).
khyim ldan 	v. rtsangs pa 3 a lizard (Moon.).
khyim nas 'byung ba 	= theg chen byang chub ljon shing gi lo ma  a leaf of the Bodhi-tree (K. d. na 327).
khyim gnas 	bram ze'i rigs bzhi yi gcig la khyim gnas  SANST acc. to Brahmanical religion, the worldly life, a house-holder's life (Ya-sel., 55).
khyim pa 	layman; married man: khyim pa'i phyogs su sbyin pa  to give away to a layman: phyis khyim pa'i tshul can gyi rnal 'byor pa  a devout man or yogi who lives outwardly in the manner of a layman.
khyim pa'i  od pa can 	he who betakes to the life of yogi; gzhon nu gdong drug  an epithet of Kumara Shadanana (Moon.): khyim pa'i lus su ma gyur cig  do not revert to the life of a layman (Moon.).
khyim pa rtag pa'i dpyad 	SANST the science of discerning the fit place for the residence (of a householder).
khyim par gnas pa 	SANST, SANST one that abides in his house; one living in his house; a worldly man; he who lives as a layman.
khyim phub 	living in divided families (K. d. sa 75).
khyim bya 	SANST, SANST domestic fowl; cock; hen; poultry.  Syn. zangs kyi gtsug phud ; mya ngan med ; zung gi sgra sgrogs ; tho rangs skad dza; mtshan mo skad ; bde legs can ; yongs zlum mig ; dga' byed ; 'phel byed ; nor bu'i mgrin can ; 'od kyi sde ; snga bar sgra sgrogs ; zangs zi can ; pags pa'i gtsug phud ; mtshan mo rig ; rkang pa'i mtshan cha can  (Moon.).  (EEE rkang pa'i mtshan cha can  is a typographical error for rkang pa'i mtshon cha can ) 
khyim bya mtshal lu 	a very large species of fowl which is also called sde pho mtshal lu .  The bile of this bird is believed to be a cure for poison.
khyim bya'i  od pa 	the four habits of the cock acc. to Masurakri are the following: tho rangs ldang dang  crowing before dawn; 'thab pa dang ldan  always fighting; gnyen la kha zas snyoms par byed  dividing food equally with his friend; mo la rab gnon nye bar  od  always keeping the hen under control and chucking her.
khyim tshang 	a family; a household.
khyim mtshes 	a neighbour; khyim mtshes dud pa btang 'brel  nearness of residence; neighbourhood so near that the smoke from the fire place of one house mixes up with that of another; khyim mtshes pa ; a male neighbour; khyim mtshes ma  a female neighbour.
khyim zhag 	a zodiacal day.
khyim zla 	a zodiacal month.
khyim la 'ong ba 	khyim la 'ong ba , gtong ba  to get married, to be given in marriage on the female part (J‰.).
khyim la zhen pa 	a lover of home; one attached to his home; home-sick.
khyim sun 'byin pa 	SANST vituperating or blaming the secular state or a domestic abode.
khyim so 	SANST homesick.
khyim so sor bsgo ba 	SANST one who creates dissensions in a family.
khyim gsar ma 	= bag ma  or lag 'dzin ma , also lhan cig  od ma  a bride; wife (Moon.).
khyu 	flock; herd: lug gi khyu  a flock of sheep; rta'i khyu  a herd of horses; gnag gi khyu  a herd of cattle; bya'i khyu  or tshogs  a flock of birds.  khyu gsags pa  to collect or gather in flocks (Sch.); khyu skyong ba  to keep; tend a flock or herd; company; band; gang; troop: mi khyu  a company of men (Cs.); bu mo khyu  a bevy of girls; dmag khyu  a troop of soldiers.  khyu nas 'bud pa  to exclude from the flock or company; khyu sna 'dren pa  to go before; to take the lead of a troop or of a flock; Bya ser-po khyu-re hgrogs mao-po yellow birds; many companions in each flock (A. 34).
khyu mchog 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. chief; king; the bull; Virnu.  2. zla ba gsum pa  the third month of the Tibetan year generally corresponding with April.  Syn. dpyid tha chung  SANST, SANST; nag pa ; sbrang zla ; myos byed ; dri zhim ldan ; yid srabs ; 'dod 'dus ; ming bzugs ; 'brug zla ; zla ba gsum pa , the third month of the Tib. year (Rtsii.).
khyu mchog bgrod pa 	= bya mchil pa  SANST a kind of swallow (Moon.).
khya mchog rgyal mtshan 	= dbang phyug chen po  SANST n. of Mahadeva (Moon.).
khyu mchog can 	= zla ba brgyad pa  or ston zla 'bring po  the eighth month of the Tibetan year corresponding with November (Rtsii.).
khyu mchog mtshan pa 	1. SANST one with the marks or signs of a bull or one who carries the bull ensign.  2. n. of a drug called SANST (the plant Jastica genderussa), which is used for purifying the blood.
khyu lto ba 	SANST with a belly resembling that of a bull.
khyu 'dus pa 	SANST collected in a herd or flock; also heap, multitude; an aggregate.
khyu ldan 	v. tsha ba med 3 SANST, the tamarisk (Moon.).
khyu byug 	erroneously used for khu byug , n. of a large bird of sweet note, which, according to the Tibetans, migrates in summer to cooler regions and in cold weather returns to the warmer zones.  In J‰. khyu byug ku hu  probably signifies the note of the black Indian cuckoo.
khyug 	v. 'khyug pa 3.
khyug gyug 	glog gi 'od khyug khyug byed  zig-zag flash of lightning.
khyug tsam 	= tig tsam  or hrib tsam  or srib tsam  a little; a little while.
khyung 	I: herd, multitude.  II: (Sch. also khyuo-mo) the garuda bird, mythical chief of the feathered race; the golden eagle: khyung skyug  a kind of gem said to have been brought from the Sumeru mountain by Garuda and vomited by him: khyung skyug sogs nad kun 'joms pa'i mchog  (the eagle's vomit) is the chief remedy against the effects of poisonous drugs: khyung gi sen mos klu nad 'joms  the toe of an eagle is used as an antidote for leprosy.  khyung phrug skyug pa'i bdud rtsi chag pa'i kha chu  the watery substance vomited by locusts; a mystical expression (Mio.  4).
khyung sngon skyes 	I: SANST the first-born of heaven; the one that was born before garuda; an epithet of Aruna, the charioteer of the sun.  2. = skya reng  dawn.  3. khyung shog can  the early morning which advances with the wings of an eagle; a name of Vajrapani Bodhisattva.  II: nyi ma'i kha lo pa  the charioteer of the sun (Moon.).
khyung thur can 	= go cha  or go khrab  coat of mail (Moon.).
khyung sder 	claws of an eagle (Med.; Cs.); (Garuda-claw) the n. of a medicinal root: khyung sder dkar mo  the white species of this vegetable drug, so called on account of its resemblance to the claw of an eagle: khyung sder snag po  the dark brown species of the root, in appearance like the claws of an eagle.  Both these roots are used to neutralize snake poison, &c.
khyung po 	many collected or assembled together.
khyung dpyad 	a small round basket of reed (Cs.).
khyung rtse dgon 	monastery in the valley of Panam in Tsang.
khyung ril 	is said to be a large cylindrical basket, the same as kun-dum in Ld., v. rkon pa 3.
khyud pa 	SANST to worship, adore.
khyud mo 	1. rta chas  the equipments of a horse.  2. rim of vessel (Sch.).
khyur po 	= ril po  or sgang po  entire; full.
khyur mid pa 	to swallow; to eat the food without chewing, in the manner of birds, snakes and fish: khyur mid du song ste  suffering himself to be swallowed.
khyus 	wall side (in Tsang)? (J‰.).
khye pa 	SANST wide.
khye bo 	bu tsha  children.
khye ma 	n. of a disease (Med.; J‰.).
khyed 	I: n. of a tribe in Tibet (Vai. kar. 150).  II: pers. pron. thou, you; is the ordinary resp. form of khyod: khyed cag  plur. of khyed , if generally used in addressing lamas, but seldom in addressing superiors, such as parents, uncles, and brothers is used to those senior in age, and sometimes contemptuously.  khyed rang  is common colloquially for khyed; khyed cag, khyed rnams , khyed tsho  you or you all: dge tshul khyed gnyis  you two novice monks; khyed tsho'i blo mnga' ltar yong  it will be as you (all) think.
khyen te 	in Purang he; she (J‰.).
khyebs +	= khebs  cover.
khyem 	= khem  a shovel: khyem dang 'phen pa  to shovel away; to cast out with a shovel; khyem gyi 'dab ma  the blade of a shovel (J‰.): khyem gyi yu ba  the handle of a shovel (Cs.); gru khyem , chu khyem  oar; in W. lcags khyem  iron spade; me khyem  fire-shovel; wa khyem  a scoop; khyem bu  a spoon (Cs.).
khye'u 	SANST, also SANST, SANST  1. a boy; an infant child.  2. a youth, esp. in Dzang-lun.
khye'u kha 	= shing lo gsar du kha 'bus pa  the tender shoots of leaves (Moon.).
khye'u mthon pa 	khye'u mthon pa , khye'u bye ba  the delivery of a child; child-birth.  In Kahgyur and Tangyur khye'u btsas pa  khyehu mtsas-pa = bu skyes pa  the birth of a male child.
khyer rkyang 	one who is specially authorized or responsible to make payment or receive deposits in money or in kind in a Jong or district: yong sgo che phra'i rigs rdzong sdod khyer rkyang nas bsdu ba  all proceeds (collections) large or small should be collected by the officer resident in the Jong (Rtsii.).
khyel bzhugs pa 	n. of a posture in yoga; a mode of sitting: 'dug stangs kyi ming  or rtsog rtsog pur 'dug pa  (Moon.).
khyo 	or khyo bo  a husband; khyo byed pa  to act as a husband; also to take a wife: khyo-oahi khyo mi byed na if you do not marry me (J‰.).
khyo ga 	husband; also emphatically man, as skyes bu nga hor pa khyo ga yin  I, a Tartar, am a man (as distinguished from effeminate people).
khyo ga po 	a hero.
khyo 'dam ma 	= bag ma  a bride.
khyo pho 	husband: khyod kyi khyo pho de ci zhig lta bu  what like is your husband (SÒio.).
khyo med pa 	SANST, SANST a widow.
khyo re 	to stand erect, upright (Yig. 51).
khyo shug 	SANST husband and wife; a married couple; same as bza' tsho  or bza' mi  (Lish. kha 4).
khyo shugs gnas 	SANST the place where a married couple pass their honeymoon.
khyog thong 	(abbr. of khyo ga  and thong ) in W. a young man; a youth (J‰.).
khyog po 	crooked; curved; bent (Cs.); also cunning (J‰.).
khyogs 	phebs byams  SANST, SANST  1. a sedan chair, palanquin; also a scaffold (Cs.).  2. litter, bier (J‰.).
khyogs *	SANST a swing (Schr.; Kalac. T. 146).
khyogs pa 	= theg pa  vehicle or conveyance.
khyong 	= skyong , or khong ba , in colloq. nyin khyong  one day's entertainment.
khyod 	pers. pron., 2nd pers., thou, youóis the ordinary form of address to inferiors or to equals: khyod kyi  your, thine: khyod cag gi  your, of you all: khyod tsho  or khyod rnams  you, ye: khyod rang  thou, you, yourselfóvery common in the colloq. of C. in place of the simple khyod.
khyod shugs 	SANST a pair; pairing, v. khyo shug 3.
khyon 	SANST, SANST, SANST the measure or dimensions, area, extent, size; width; circumference; height: this term can be applied to things material or immaterial; shes bya'i khyon kun  the whole extent of learning or knowledge; nam mkha'i khyon kun  the extent of the void space or sky.
khyon sgril 	altogether; all taken together: sdong ras khyon sgril gos snams  cotton cloth for wicks all together (Rtsii.).
khyon che ba 	SANST, SANST broad; very widely spread.
khyon sdom 	all together; sum total; contents; acc. to Cs. narrow extent.
khyon nas 	thoroughly; khyon nas mi sdig can  an out-and-out sinner; khyod nas med pa  not at all (J‰.).
khyom khyom 	oblique; awry; irregularly shaped.
khyor ba 	I: to move totteringly; to stumble; be dizzy; defined in a native author as shed med pa grod pa ltogs nas 'gro yod pa lta bu 'gro ba  "moving as if one went with a hungry belly and without strength"; chang bzi ba'am rgas nas 'gro dus gom pa khyor  to walk as an old or drunken person; tshad pas na nas kha khyor  speaking irregularly as in a feverish delirium; shing gi snod khyor ba  bobbing as a wooden vessel.  II: as much as fills the hollow of the hand; khyor ba gang  a handful (of anything); khyor ba do  two handsful.
khyol ba 	v. 'khyol ba 3, to be brought or carried or khyos ma .
khra 	I: (tha) SANST  1. a cheat.  2. a kind of hawk or falcon; sparrow-hawk used for hunting: khra yi sgo ngas sa bon 'dzag pa bsrung  the egg of the hawk is curative of the disease of involuntary discharge of the semen; khra yi mjug sgros mo nad sel  the feathers from a hawk's tail remove female diseases; khra yi brun gyis skrangs pa rnag tu 'gugs  the excrement of the hawk prevents accumulation of pus in a boil; khra mig gza' nad 'byung po'i gdon kun thub  a hawk's eye overcomes all demons that produce apoplexy.  Syn. 'dab chags dang ma ; ri bong za ; bya khra ; gYo ba  (Moon.).  II: n. of a tribe in Tibet (Vai. kar. 160).  III: SANST  1. a lie, falsehood; also a liar.  2. n. of a Naga Raja (snake king).  IV: or khra ma  (tha-ma) a letter; skyes khra  a letter with a present.
khra khra 	(tha-tha) = khra bo  party-colour (Oag. 10).
khra khro can 	(tha-tho-can) defined as khong khro che ba'am zhe sdang che ba  a passionate or wrathful individual.
khra rgyu 	variegated colour: snum lag rked lhas la dkar po khra rgyu dgos shing .
khra brgyan 	variegating an ornament (amulet or bracelet, &c.) with precious stones.
khra sgrigs 	(tha-dig) khra rim bzhin sgrigs pa  arranging in variegated colours with rows of turquoise, corals, pearls, &c.
khra sna ke ru 	n. of a place near 'on  in Tibet.
khra pa 	a falconer.
khra bo 	(tha-o) SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. many coloured, with one predominating colour as in chintz; party coloured, as in the case of cattle and wild animals, such as a tiger or leopard, and in birds.  In dkar khra , the white (dkar)is supposed to predominate.  In dmar khra , red predominates.  In the common saying stag gi khra bo phyi la yod|mi yi khra bo nang la yod| the tiger is party-coloured externally, but man is so internallyóthe meaning, of course, is that it is difficult to know a man even by the traits of his mind.  2. Acc. to J‰. a distinction is to be drawn between khra-wo and khra-wa, the first signifying only two-coloured or piebald, and the second party or many-coloured.  We have not found this distinction ourselves.  The significations of the various compounds of khra  have all a reference to the peculiar effect produced on the eye by the blending of two or more colours together, especially when seen from a distance; so khra cem me  is said of a rainbow, tinted meteor, etc.; khra lam me  or khra lham me  of a similar phenomenon; khra chem chem  of a flight of birds: khra cham se khra chem me  or khra chem se  in C. = chem khra spring nge  in Ld.  Such compounds have also assumed the character of an adverb, as in khra me re , together; altogether.
khra ma 	1. a register, index.  2. a judicial decree.  3. a kind of grain, 'bru  SANST.  4. acc. to Vai. so. = mkhyogs nas  a kind of barley grain, growing and ripening rapidly within 60 days, v. gYo khram .  (EEE the entry gYo khram  is probably a mistake for gYo khra ma  which means "deceit, sleaze".  We have some doubt about the entry 4. altogether; the mkhyogs nas  it likely means crookedness rather than a type of grain in which case gYo khra ma  would suit.)
khra ma gnyis sgrom 	in jewelery or lacquer work when there is a variegating with two colours.
khra mar 	a kind of biscuit made in twisted cross ribs and painted red.  These are given only to Government officials at state dinners in Tibet.
khra rtse 	a kind of biscuit or pastry made in the shape of a grating.
khra zur 	a species of eagle (Sch.).
khra zla 	(tha-da) = zla ba gnyis pa  or dpyid zla 'bring po  the second Tibetan month corresponding with March (Rtsii.).
khra ring 	a striped long scarf.  This is also called bkra shis khra ring , the auspicious long striped scarf which is generally attached to flag poles:- lhag-par pho-brao rtse-nas khra-rio dao dar-phan duo dao rol-mo sogs sbro, moreover they exhibited from the top of the palace long scarves and pendant silk and played on trumpets and cymbals, &c.
khra shig shig 	in dazzling array (J. Zao.).
khra sems shes 	n. of a bird (K. ko. ka 3).
khrag 	(thag) sku mtshal  resp. SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST blood: pang khrag  blood of child-bed.  zhang khrag  or vulgarly dzang khrag  signifies blood of the menses; gzhung khrag  healthy and nourishing blood (Cs.); nad khrag  bad or diseased blood.  In Sikkim khrag is pronounced khyak.  khrag gcod  n. of a medicinal herb which stops bleeding (Med.): khrag gcod pa  to stop bleeding; khrag chad pa  cessation of bleeding: snying khrag 'khol la rag  in W. I feel my blood throbbing, e.g., from ascending a steep hill.  khrag 'dzag pa  flowing of the blood, generally applied to menstruation; khrag chag pa  clotted blood; gore (Cs.).  Syn. rma skyes ; shar 'gyur byed ; sha yi sa bon ; mtshan bsnun skyes ; khyab gnas ; mi lhung ; lus skyes ; rma las 'bab pa  (Moon.).
khrag skem 	khrag skem , spang rtsi  n. of a vegetable medicine very useful in stopping bleeding (Sman. 86).
khrag khrig 	(thag-thig) SANST also SANST  1. one hundred thousand million, or an indefinitely large number (Cs.); this number has twelve figures; khrag khrig chen po  SANST this has thirteen figures, cf. dkrigs pa 3.  2. in vulgar language khrag khrig  is expressed as khra gi khri gi  and means moving and oscillating about: de nas rdzings chen po khrag khrig tsam yang med par  then (in) a large ship which did not even roll.
khrag khrig snang ba 	= snig rgyu  a mirage; an optical illusion (Moon.).
khrag khrug 	(thag-thug) all in disorder; promiscuous; like a troop of fighting men, or like the loose leaves of a book when out of order (Zam.).
khrag 'khrugs 	agitation; flutter; orgasm of the blood (Sch.).
khrag khrog 	(thag-thog), v. khrag khrug 3.
khrag ge khrug ge 	(thag-ge thug-ge) when two men do not agree with each other, there is said to be thag-ge thug-ge among themóa falling-out, disagreement.
khrag rgyun 	SANST the running of the blood in the veins; circulation.
khrag chags rta 	a blood bred horse, i.e., a real horse, opposed to a metaphysical one (Mil.).
khrag 'thung 	1. a class of terrifying deities of the Bon and Tantrik Schools.  2. skya ru ra  SANST; Myrobalaum emblica (Sman. 304).
khrag 'thung 'bu 	the worm that drinks blood.
khrag 'thung srin bu 	a leech (Moon.).
khrag ldan 	SANST tiger; shing dmar ram gsher shing  n. of a red tree; the red pine called SANST; a species of mahogany (Moon.).
khrag ldan ma 	described as bud med zla mtshan dang ldan pa  a woman at her monthly period (Moon.).
khrag por skye ba 	a botanical term applied to the leaves of plants (Vai. so.).
khrag 'bab 	= chu bo si ta  a name of the river Sita (Moon.).
khrag ro 	clotted blood.
khrag ling 	a clot of blood.
khrag shas che ba 	plethoric (Med.; J‰.).
khrag shor 	hemorrhage; bloody flux (Med.; J‰.).
khrag bshal 	flooding after child birth; profuse menstruation: bu mo nad med pa'i pang rag ges rgyu gzer|khrag bshal gcod| it stops the flooding and internal spasms in the blood discharge of a healthy woman: rag  = khrag .
khrang 	(thang), v. mkhrang 3.
khrad pa 	(the-pa) stretched out: khrad por sdod pa  to sit with the legs stretched out (J‰.).
khrab 	(thab) SANST shield; buckler; coat of mail.  The coat of mail used in Tibet and Bhutan is generally made of iron rings or thin disks resembling the scales of a fish netted together.  Two kinds of khrab are know in Tibet; one is called aa lung gi khrab  which is made of iron rings or scales; byang bu'i khrab , that made of thin plates or iron foils.  There are accounts of coats of mail made of silver and gold for the use of kings.  The common quilted cloth armour used in Mongolia and China is called sring bal khrab .  In Mongolia it is called dasa.
khrab khrab 	(thab-thab) a weeper; one that sheds tears on every occasion (Sch.).
khrab mkhan 	one who makes or wears armour.
khrab can 	scaled; scaly; wearing a coat of mail.
khrab byang gu 	scales or iron foils used in a coat of mail (Rtsii.).
khrab byin lus kheb 	a coat of mail for covering the whole body (Rtsii.).
khram 	(tham), khram , phra ma  a false word; SANST a cunning man.
khram kha 	(tham-kha) 1. lha 'dre bye brag gi khro ba'i kha dog khra khra  spotted and party-coloured appearance of the wrathful demi-gods the Lhan-de (Oag.).  2. chart used in witchcraft or necromancy: lha 'dre'i rtsis kyi ming , khram kha la babs  is explained: mi la gnod pa btang rgyu'i rtsis byas te gang la babs pa de la gnod pa byed pa'i rtags  the sign or mark of one's ruin having been incident on the chart (of fate).  3.  cross marks or lines cut into a piece of wood so as to cross one another as an ornament: khram kha'i shing  a club-like implement, carved with lines, representing the attributes of a god and containing squares with mystic figures in them which serve as a means to make attempts of witchcraft to injure a person ineffectual; nyag khram  a notch (J‰.).
khram khrum 	fragments; baked fragments: sa phag la par brgyab nas me la bsregs pa de khram khrum brdungs te bskol  (raw) brick containing prints or engravings thereon when burnt are said to be baked fragments.
khram ldan 	SANST a tiger.
khram pa 	(tham-pa) = phram ma  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. a liar; a swindler; artful person: slu bar byed pa'i khram pa  for seducing or deceiving: khram sems can  lying; mendacious (Cs.).  2. lively, brisk, quick, like boys, kids, &c. (the contrary of glen ba , slow, indolent, apathetic): khram-pa che in W. a wish of god-speed addressed to one going on a journey, such as Good success! May all go well!  3. modest; attentive to the wishes of others (J‰).  khram pa gcod  lit. means to get out of mishaps caused by the evil machinations of enemies; to make the evil-charms of enemies ineffectual.
khram byed 	v. gYo can 3 or 3phra ma byed 3; lce gnyis pa ; double-tongued or double-dealer (Moon.).
khram shing 	or khrims kyi khram shing  a board on which the body of a culprit is stretched to flog him on the back (Oag.).
khral 	(thal) SANST, SANST  1. tax; tribute; duty; forced service.  2. punishment; chastisement for sins; visitations: khral bkal ba  to levy taxes: dngul khral  tax to be paid in money: 'bru khral  tribute paid in corn: til dmar khral  tax to be paid in red sesamum.  Syn. dpya ; sdud pa ; gYar khral ; sho gam ; khral rigs  (Moon.).
khral rgyug pa 	to perform forced service (Rtsii.).
khral 'jal ba 	or khral skor ba  to pay taxes or customs duty.  Syn. khral 'bul ba ; dpya 'jal ba ; khral sprod pa  (Moon.).
khral sdu ba 	to collect taxes; pf. khral bsdus , pf. khral bsdus tshar , fut. khral bsdu bar bya .
khral gsar 	levying of new tax: sngar med pa'i khral gsar bkal nas sde mi ser la sdug po gtang  by levying fresh taxes to oppress the tenants.
khral khrug 	(grangs ) n. of a very large number (Ya-sel.).
khral khrul 	defined as  ad lag lta bu chags song ba la yang zer  applied to any broken things, such as furniture or utensils.
khri 	I: (thi), khri khrag , khri grangs  for number: SANST ten thousand; a myriad: khri bye ba  SANST, SANST ten millions.  II: SANST, SANST seat, chair, throne, couch; also frame, sawing jack, trestle; rgya khri  an European chair; khri'u  SANST  1. a bedstead or stool; a small chair or table; khri la bsko ba  to raise to the throne; to place on the chair; khri la 'khod pa  to preside; to occupy the chair; seng ge khri  throne; a chair borne (in relief) by a carved lion for rulers and incarnate lamas; gser khri  golden seat or chair; seat for royalty; sngas khri  a contrivance to serve the purpose of a pillow; chos khri  a professorial chair; pulpit; reading desk; table for books; school table; nyal khri  resp. gzims khri  bedstead.  2. mchod rten gyi bang rim  the upper pedestal of a chaitya or Buddhist votive tomb.  Syn. nyal khri ; rgyun khri ; 'dug khri .
khri rkang can 	SANST a seat furnished with legs; a bedstead.
khri kha 	= khri'i kha  or khri'i steng  in the chair: khri kha na  on the chair or seat (A. 57).
khri chen 	a great chair; a title of the abbot of Galdan monastery.
khri chen ngag dbang mchog ldan *	drin can ngag dbang mchog ldan  (Schr. 17 A).
khri chen ngag dbang snyan grags *	n. pr. (Schr.).
khri chen blo bzang bstan pa'i nyi ma *	= blo bzang nyi ma'i zhabs  (Schr.).
khri snyan 	n. of a Buddhist physician of Lhasa; snan pa chen po dung gi thor cog can gyi sras  the son of the celebrated physician named Duo-gi thor-can (Yu thog-pa) (Gyu. 33).
khri snyan sa le 	skin of the black antelope; SANST a devotee sitting on it remembers the vows as well the duties of a Bodhisattva: khri snyan sa le zhig na gdan du bting  spreading a skin of black antelope for a seat (A. 11.).
khri stan chen po 	SANST a large couch or bed; khri stan mthon po  SANST a high couch or bed (forbidden to the devout).
khri gdugs 	the sun.
khri ldan seng ge'i mdzod *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 44).
khri phyed dang gnyis 	two thousand and a half; nyi khri  twenty thousand.
khri 'phang 	the height of a chair; a high chair (Cs.); also the official rank.
khri min 	= btson khang  a prison; jail (Moon.).; also khri mun  a prison; dungeon.
khri 'ur 	bya zhig gi ming  n. of a bird (Ya-sel. 7).
khri le ba 	fear, in C. (J‰.).
khri shing 	I: or khri'u  a chair.  II: SANST a creeping plant; a creeper.
khri srong lde btsan 	the celebrated King of Tibet who formally introduced Buddhist monarchism into Tibet, erected the great monastery of Samye, and caused numerous Buddhist sacred books to be translated into Tibetan.
khri'i rkang pa chos pa 	SANST a bed furnished with legs or supports; fig. to discipline the mind so that religion may take hold of it.
khri'i rkang rten 	SANST the legs of a chair.
khrig khrig 	(thig-thig) 1. proper, suitable; not less nor more: khrig bsgrigs song  it has suited well; it fits exactly.  2. quivering, as of the body with cold, or chattering of the teeth.  3. v. khrib khrib 3.
khrigs 	(thig) gral khrigs pa   1. arranged in proper order or row without deviation from the right course or line: khrigs chags su bkod pa  seated or arranged in proper order where men, women, the old and the young, the great and the low, all are put in their respective order;  2. also in reference to a priest conducting a religious service, his demeanour when he does not look this side or that side but is intent on his duties and ceremonial observances; he is then said to be khrigs chags su bkod pa .
khrigs se 	plentiful, abundant; thorough; khrigs se gang  quite well; khrigs se byed pa  to treat; to entertain plentifully (Sch.).
khrid 	I: (thi) instruction, tutelage; yon tan khrid pa  instruction, teaching; khrid 'debs pa  to give instruction; to instruct: khrid pas chog  I am willing to give instruction; you may have lessons with me (J‰.).  khrid zab po  thorough instruction; slu khrid  instruction to an evil purpose; seduction; khrid bshad pa  to give instruction; to make admonitory speeches.  II: or gral  SANST row; order; serial order or arrangement: de ltar na byang chub lam gyi rim pa'i khrid la bzhi  in the same manner there are four stages in the way to saintly perfection (Lam-rim. 4).  III: pf. of 'khrid pa .
khrid phrug 	(thi-thug) scholar; pupil (J‰.).
khrib khrib 	(thib-thib) grangs kyi ming  n. of a large number (Ya-sel.).
khrims 	(thim), SANST, SANST, SANST law or right in general; the laws of a state; any particular law.  There are two kinds of lawsókhrims la chos khrims dang rgyal khrims gnyis yod| state law and spiritual or religious law.  The proverb says: rgyal khrims gser gyi gnya' shing |chos khrims dar gyi mdud pa lta bu yin| the state law is a golden yoke, but the religious law is like a silken knot: khrims kyi skabs su bka' khrims bca'  for laws they pass decrees, statutes: khrims la gnas pa  to be subject to law: 'phags rigs dang skyes bu dam pa rnams khrims la gnas pa yin| holy personages and the incarnate race are also subject to law.  Syn. for laws state: lugs ; 'jig rten khrims ; yul chos ; khrims ; khrims lugs  (Moon.).
khrims khang 	court or place of justice.  Syn. khrims rnga'i khang pa ; sgra ldan can ; khrims kyi ra ba ; dril sgrog sa  (Moon.).
khrims kyi kha lo pa 	khrims kyi kha lo pa , blon po  a minister; a legal officer (Moon.).
khrims bsgrags pa 	v. bka' btags 3, a proclamation or proclaimed order.
khrims gcod 	= nyes pa gcod  to inflict punishment (Moon.).
khrims 'jags 	= khrims kyi don bzhin  acc. to the meaning or spirit of the law (Oag.).
khrims sbyor 	= khrims la skyal ba  to deliver up to justice.
khril 	(thi), v. 'khril 3.
khris 	(thi), khris 'jogs pa  peace, v. 'jugs pa .
khru 	(thu) khru ma  SANST one fourth of a 'dom  or fathom; a cubit; rtse khru  or the measure of eighteen inches, from the elbow to the extremity of the middle finger: khru gang tsam  SANST about the measure of 15 inches from the elbow to the fisted middle finger is called bskum khru  or cubit measure; khru 'jal ba  to measure with a cubit measure (Cs.).
khru ba 	(thu-wa), sometimes for 'khru ba , to wash.
khru gzar 	a kind of stew-pan (Sch.).
khru slog 	or khru rlog  tilling the ground; acc. to Sch. a pit filled with corn: khru slog pa  digging; breaking up the soil; gardening.
khrung khrung 	SANST crane, grus cinerea; also the stork: khrung khrung rus pas chu 'gags sel  the bones of the crane remove the stoppage of urine.  When milk mixed with water is given to a crane it will drink the milk, leaving the water in the basin.  The reason of this, according to K. d. da 110, is that as soon as the bill of the crane touches the milk it turns into curds, which are eaten up, leaving the water in the basin.  Syn. mgrin pa rab ring ; mig snan mjug ma ; kru nya ca  (Moon.).
khrung khrung 'joms 	= dbang phyug gi bu chung ba gzhon nu gdong drug  a name of Kumara the second son of Isvara (Moon.).
khrud pa 	lus khrud pa  to wash; cleanse out dirt or filth from the body (Oag.).
khrun 	(thun) SANST, SANST height; length; extension (Cs.): khrun phang srid  height and breadth (equal).
khrum khrum 	(thum-thum) (Sch.): khrum khrum byed pa  or khrum khrum brdung ba  to pound in a mortar.
khrums 	(thum) SANST n. of a constellation: khrums stod  the name of the 24th constellation, SANST.  Syn. bya mchu ; ri'i lha mo ; gnas ma  ba glang rkang  (Moon.).
khrums stod kyi nya ba 	SANST the full moon of the month of SANST, July.
khrums snad 	the name of the 25th constellation, SANST; acc. to Hindu astronomy the 26th lunar mansion, figured by a conch, and comprehending two stars, of which one is Andromeda.  Syn. ze'u ; sprul 'ching  (Moon.).
khrums zla 	(thum da), v. zla ba brgyad pa  SANST, SANST the eighth month of the Tibetan year.  Syn. 'bugs pa ; bya mchu ; nor ldan ; khyu mchog can ; ba lang rkang bzang ; sprin bzang ; len pa ; bya'i zla ba  ston zla 'bring po  (Moon.).
khrul 	(thul), khrul gtong ba  to let fall; to drop (several things at intervals); mchi ma khrul bzhed  to shed tears: zla khrul  in W. intercalary month (J‰.).
khrul po 	in. C.  1. cheerful; merry.  2. fornicator (J‰.).
khrul ma 	1. in W. crooked crank, handle (J‰).  2. a whore.  3. khu ba khrul ma  rice-water or water in which millet is washed.
khrus 	(thus) SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, bath; washing; ablution.
khrus kyi btul zhugs can 	= drang srong  a Piri or sage who observes the vow of ablution: khrus byed pa'i ltung byed  SANST faults committed while bathing: khrus byas gos gtsang gyon te dkar gsum zos  having bathed put on clean clothes and take milk, curds and butter (Loo. ka 32).  Syn. kun tu rgyu ; dka' thub can ; ngag bsdams pa ; dge bar slong ba ; nyon mongs thul ; dbang po thul ; smra ba cad pa ; gtsang bar gnas pa ; tshangs par  od pa ; rig byed klogs pa  (Moon.).
khrus kyi rtsa 	ku sha  the grass Ku-sha (Moon.).
khrus kyi rdzing 	khrus rgyab sa'i rdzing  a bathing tank.
khrus khu 	water for bathing (J‰.).
khrus khang brtsegs pa 	the making of a bath or bathing place.
khrus mkhan 	SANST one who bathes; he that has bathed.
khrus chal 	SANST washing materials, soda, soap, etc.
khrus chu 	bathing water; water consecrated by a deity being washed in it.
khrus dar 	scarf or good linen towel for the toilet; scarf of silk used in washing the images of deities (Rtsii.).  Syn. bum dar so sor khrus btags ri  (Moon.).
khrus sder 	basin; washing bowl.
khrus pa 	SANST, SANST washed; also washing.  Syn. khrus bya ; 'khrud ; khru ba  (Moon.).
khrus bum 	SANST washing pot or jug.
khrus ma khrud ma 	washings of rice or any other millet; also the remnant of water in which rice, &c., is boiled.
khrus rdzas 	articles of washing or to wash with such as soap, etc.  Syn. ldag chal ; khrus rtsi ; dag byed  (Moon.).
khrus gzhong 	SANST bathing tub; basin used for a bath.
khrus ras 	SANST a towel; a bathing towel.
khrus gsher 	bathing water.  Acc. to J‰. this word (in Ladak) relates to a certain medical procedure or method of curing.
khrus gsol ba 	resp. for khrus byed pa  i.e., when applied to bathing places used by divine beings and great men: lha mi khang pa sogs la khrus byed la  "gods or men taking a bath in their abodes and so forth," to administer a bath to another, especially as a religious ceremony, consisting in sprinkling with water.
khre 	(the) millet: khre ni lci bsil ldan pas ma brtas byed|rus pa chag grum ges rnams sbyor bar byed  millet, being both heavy and chilling, causes wounds to swell, but bones which have been dislocated or fractured it causes to unite.  khre rgod  wild millet; khre rgod 'khru ba gcod cing dug sel byed  wild khre  stops diarrhúa and removes the poison.
khre rtse 	Chinese vermicelli (J‰.).
khregs pa 	(theg-pa), v. mkhregs pa 3.
khrem gnyer 	v. chu gnyer 3 (Moon.).
khrel po 	shameful.
khrems pa 	(them-pa) 1. irrigation; also to water gardens and cultivations; to sprinkle water.  2. n. of a book: byang khog khrems kyi lung rin chen 'od 'phro ba  (Sorig. 81).
khrel 	(thel)resp. thugs khrel   1. SANST a kind of millet.  2. SANST shame; diffidence; bashfulness; modesty.  3. piety acc. to J‰., especially in W.  4. in C. disgust; aversion.
khrel gad 	a scornful laughter.
khrel can 	possessed of shame; khrel can  bashful (Cs.); also earnest, conscientious.
khrel ltos 	pusilanimous; shamefaced.
khrel gdong 	(lit. a face capable of shame) a bashful face.
khrel 'dod can 	in W. ready to shame others.
khrel ldan 	v. ngo tsha shes pa  SANST modest.  (EEE ngo tsha shes pa  does not occur as a headword in the dictionary but see ngo tsha 3 and related entries.)
khrel ba 	to be ashamed; to provoke shame: khrel ba dang ngo tsha ba med  he has no shame or modesty.
khrel med pa 	khrel med ma  SANST immodest, shameless.
khrel yod 	SANST modesty; chastity; decency; khrel yod pa  to be chaste: khrel yod par byed pa  to behave chastely, with modesty.
khres 	or (thes) khres po , (the-po) a load, burden: mi khres chung can  a man with a small load (A. 10).  khres po de'i nang nas  from within that package: gzhung don gyi bsangs shing khres phyed  half a bundle (or load) of fire-wood for the use of government (Rtsii.).  Syn. khur pa ; khur 'dren pa ; rgyab kyis theg pa ; khur rtsa pa  (Moon.).
khres khres 	(the-the) unable to sit erect; falling down: mi gcig khres khres na ba gzigs nas snan pa la cis phan dris pas  (A. 44) seeing a man very ill so as to be unable to sit erect, he asked the physician what would be of use.
khro 	(tho) SANST a kind of bronze, of about same quality and worth as bell-metal ('khar ba ), but inferior to li.  The kind of bronze called khro-nag or dark bronze is also called lchags khro on account of the predominance of iron in the compound.  The kind called khro dkar , white bronze, has more zinc and zangs khro  has more of copper in it than ion.  The dark-bronze is largely manufactured in China; the white-bronze is much prized by the Tibetans.  Huge bronze caldrons used in the great monasteries of Tibet for boiling tea are made of the white bronze; tshogs khro  large bronze caldrons used in cooking tea, &c., for the use of the congregation in the monasteries of Tibet: khro nag gdon gzer srin dang dug nad 'joms  dark bronze dissipates worm-spasms and poisonous complaints.
khro rgyan 	ornaments made of bronze.  khro'i khug til  bronze pot to boil tea.
khro chu 	1. liquid or melted bronze; acc. to some author melted iron before it is cast.  2. n. for dngul chu  quicksilver; (a mystic) term (Mio.).
khro chu sdom pa 	to fill up joints, grooves, &c., with melted bronze; to solder.
khro 'joms pa 	to suppress anger or wrath: gang zhig bsgrims te khro 'joms pa|de ni 'di dang gzhan du bde  (Spyod.) he who can subdue his anger will be happy here and hereafter.
khro nyams 	= rngam brjid  or rngam 'jigs  or rngom brjid  to sit in an angry mood (Moon.).
khro gnyer 	SANST, SANST wrinkles on the face and forehead expressive of wrath, indignation, anger; also indignant.
khro gnyer can 	SANST she whose face is wrinkled with anger; also frowning.
khro gnyer can ma *	(Schr. 36 C.).
khro gnyer med pa 	SANST free from frowning or anger.
khro gnyer gzi brjid ldan pa 	n. of a medicinal root (Sman. 102).
khro pa 	in W. for khro .
khro gtum po 	furious with rage.
khro ba 	(tho-wa) brtse ba  SANST, SANST sbst. anger, wrath; also adj. angry, wrathful: khong khro ba  smouldering wrath: khro ba bzod pa  subduing or abstaining from anger: khro ba bzod pa nges bcom pa slar yang skye bar mi 'gyur ro  anger having been subdued and inwardly suppressed, it will not grow again (K. d. ra 68): khro ba'i dug gi snan mchog tu bzod pa  the chief remedy for the poison of anger is forbearance (K. d. ra 68): khro ba'i sems 'di gcig bcom na|dgra de thams cad choms dang 'dra  if the wrathful mind be once subdued it is tantamount to subduing all the enemies one has.  khro bar byed pa  or khro bar 'gyur ba  to be or to grow angry (Cs.); khros kyang slar mi khro bar bya  though angry, to be as if not angry; khro bas lta  = mig khro bas lta ba  angry looks; to look back with anger (Moon.).
khro ba ma 	SANST n. of a goddess.
khro bo 	(tho-wo) SANST, SANST an angry spirit; a god or Bodhisattva in his assumed wrathful mood or manifestation.
khro bo khams gsum rnam rgyal sprul bshad *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 276).
khro bo chen po 	SANST an appellation of Mahakala, the Lord of Deathóthe terrific god or guardian of Buddhism.
khro bo rta mgrin *	SANST (Schr. 71 C.).
khro bo stobs po che *	SANST (Schr. 73 B.).
khro bo bdud rtsi 'khyil pa *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 103).
khro bo 'dod rgyal *	SANST (Schr. 72 A.).
khro bo rdo rje sa 'og 	SANST (Schr. 74 B.).
khro bo dbyug pa sngon po *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 161).
khro bo mi gYo pa *	SANST (Schr. 58 C.).
khro bo sne ba brtsegs pa *	(Schr. 58 A.).
khro bo gtsug tor 'khor bsgy ur *	(Schr.).
khro bo gzhan gyis mi thub pa *	(Schr. 71 A.).
khro bo gshin rje gshed *	SANST (Schr. 71 B.).
khro byed 	SANST, SANST frightful.
khro byed ma 	SANST  1. a name of the goddess Paldan Lhamo.  2. bud med gtum mo  SANST a fearful woman (Moon.).
khro mig 	= mig gi rnam 'gyur  or sdang mig  an expression of the eye; angry eyes (Moon.).
khro mo 	a female terrific deity or spirit.
khro mon 	prison (Sch.).
khrog 	(thog) in khrog brgyab pa  to drink hastily; to gulp down: khrog chung pa yis khrag shor gcod pa'i mchog .  Thog-chung is best for stopping bleeding.
khrog khrog 	(thog-thog) 1. one who speaks irrelevantly and is not steady in his acts or words.  Described as mi brtan po med pa kha chad tshig don la mi gnas shing skad cha mi 'dra ba mang po lab pas cha bzhag sa med pa smyo tshub byed pa'i mi|  2. acc. to J‰. in W. the sound caused by something falling heavily on the ground.
khrog chung 	an herb with leaves resembling a saw in shape.
khrog po 	botanical term, used of leaves standing round the stem scattered or alternately.
khrog snan 	the raw unprepared substance of a medicine (Sch.): snan khrog  is defined as snan ma rdungs pa sna tshogs la  the unpulverized ingredients of a medicine.
khrong nge 	(thoog-Òe) upright, straight, erect (J‰.).
khrong po 	close-fisted, stingy (J‰.).
khrod 	(thod) crowd, assemblage, mass, multitude; mi khrod  a troop; crowd of men; ri khrod a range of mountain peaks; rtsa khrod  a heap, stack, rick (of hay); nags khrod  a dense forest; mun khrod  thick darkness; dur khrod  a cemetery; khrod du  in the crowd; ri khrod  = also a hermit.
khron 	(thon) claw: khron kyis rko ba'i sde  the class of gallinaceous birds (S. g.; J‰.).
khron pa 	(thon-pa), SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST well; spring: khron pa'i chu  well-water; also called dong chu ; khron bu , a little well: khron pa'i snying po  SANST; khron pas rung ba  SANST water in a well that has been made fit (by the priesthood) for drink.
khron bu 	1. a medicinal root; a vegetable purgative.  2. khron bus 'jam por sbyong byed grogs kyi mchog  thron-bu acts as a gentle purgative.
khrom 	(thom) a market place; a bazaar; crowd of people; multitude of persons; khrom chen  a great crowd; tshogs pa'i khrom rnams  the assembled crowed; pho khrom  multitude of men; rgyal khrom  a royal gathering: acc. to Cs.  khrom chen po  chief market-place, also principal street: khrom skor ba  to wander about the market; to ramble through as if in a market; gsang sngags khrom du klog  secret spells (magic formulas) are read in the market.
khrom skor ma 	harlot; strumpet; street woman (Cs.).
khrom thog chod 	a person well dressed, well equipped, and possessed of personal accomplishments; one above the crowd; above his fellows.
khrom pa 	1. n. of a province in Tibet; khrom po pa  an inhabitant of Khrom (Thom).  2. a market vendor.
khrom dpon 	officer who is charged with the supervision of a market.
khrom me 	sparkling; glittering: zil pa khrom me  sparkling dew drop.  khrom dmar nag 'khyil ba  a motley crowd; a throng, black and red intermingled.
khrom tshogs 	(thom-tsho) the gathering of buyers and sellers, &c., in a market: sha khrom  the section of the market where meat is sold; meat market; dpe khrom  book market; rta khrom  the section where ponies and horses are sold.
khroms 	v. 'grem pa 3.
khrol 	(thol), v. 'khrol ba 3 and 3'grol ba 3  1. a sound (J‰.).  2. SANST loosening; unfastening; that which is unfastened.  mgo khrol zhes pa lug mgo sogs legs par btsos nas sha rus so sor 'gro ba  by mgo-khrol is meant the separating of meat from the bones by the sheep's head having been boiled well.  nang khrol  the contents of a slaughtered animal, including the stomach, entrails, lungs, liver, spleen, &c.  The expression rang gi nang khrol phyi la ston pa  means "one's own blunders exposed to outward show": khrol gyis song  (the ring) slid sounding (across the azure floor).
khrol khrol 	(thol-thol) = khrol po  bright, shining; khrol khrol byed pa  = mig khrol le khrol le lta ba  to stare at.
khrol dong 	is said to denote a large hand-bell.
khrol cha 	release (as of monks from a religious service or of school-boys from class work); acc. to Sch. the act of forgiving; pardon.
khrol po 	I: (thol-po) 1. cheerful, merry; sparkling, glittering, dazzling.  2. fornicator.  II: 1. sparkling: 'od khrol po  brightness (on water when the sun shines upon it).  2. acc. to J‰. in W. distinct; intelligible.
khrol ma 	, nas tshags  a sieve for cleansing and sifting barley, grain, etc.
khrol mo 	in W. brittle, fragile; opposite to mnyen po , tough.
khrol tshags 	a sieve (Cs.); lcags tshags  iron sieve.
khrol log 	= khrog khrog  in W. cf. 'khrol ba 3; also  1. kettle.  2. a sound.  (EEE the headword in the original is khrol mo  with a transliteration of khrol-log.  It seems likely that the transliteration is correct, and that khrol mo  is a typesetter's mistake (this headword appears two entries previous in the original).)
khros pa 	thugs khros pa  SANST, SANST enraged; wrath-seeming; appearance of wrath: phyag na rdo rje shin tu khros pa'i tshul bstan pa  Chagna Dorje in a very wrathful form manifested himself: khros pa'i gar  dance in wrathful mood.
khros ma 	or khro ma  the wrathful female deity or Rudrani; such female divinities as outwardly show themselves to be of terrific and frightful aspect.
khros tshig 	angry words.  Syn. rngan 'phyar  or sun 'byin  (Moon.).
mkhan 	an affix which, annexed to substantives and verbal roots, answers in colloq. very much the same purposes as the Hindustani appendix wala; sa mkhan  one who has to do with the soil; lam mkhan one who knows the way, a guide; shing mkhan  a worker in wood, carpenter, joiner, &c.  Affixed to a verbal root, signifies he who performs an action, whether only just now or habitually; yong mkhan  comer; 'gro mkhan  the goer; one who moves; bri mkhan  the writer, one who has written it; aang mkhan  (in Sikkim) one who speaks false hoods, a liar; shes mkhan  he who knows; bstan mkhan  the shower, explainer; 'dogs mkhan  one who is binding, fastening; also with an objective case, nga'i bu mo 'dod mkhan  such as are desiring my daughter; bsad mkhan  the man who is killed or who kills; a murderer.  In colloq. language mkhan seems to have entirely displaced the termination pa  signifying in general the agent: gdung ma khyer mkhan gyi mi  the men carrying the beam.  Contrary to its original signification, it is even used to form the relative: sad mkhan gyi lug  the sheep which was killed.
mkhan rgyud 	= bla chen dang mkhan po'i rgyud  the lineal spiritual descendants of Bla-chen and Mkhan-po, those through whom the vows formulated by them are handed down (Yig.).
mkhan pa 	I: ferns of two species.  The one growing in Tibet is called mkhan dkar , or the white fern; the other species belonging to the Cis-Himalaya is called mkhan nag  black fern: mkhan-pa is deemed useful in healing fresh cut wounds; it is also applied to swellings.  II: incense; frankincense: mkhan pa ba lu rnams gtsos pa'i dri ldan gyi spos sna tshogs  the various kinds of incense in which the scent of such as khan-pa, Balu, etc., predominates (Rtsii.).
mkhan po 	SANST, SANST a professor employed to teach; the head of a monastery.  In Tibet the head of a particular college attached to a monastery, high priests who give vows to the junior or inferior lamas, and professors of sacred literature, are called mkhan-po; also learned men, who as such are endowed with the mkhan rgyud  or spiritual gifts or descended heritage from their spiritual ancestors, are called mkhan-po.  Again, learned men such as are sent to China as representatives of the Grand Hierarch are also styled mkhan-po.  Besides these, those who serve the Grand Lama as his domestic chaplains, teachers or advisers, such as sku bcar mkhan po , who sits in company of the Grand Lama; gzims dpon mkhan po  the chamberlain khan-po; mchod dpon mkhan po  the domestic chaplain; gsol dpon mkhan po  the steward in charge of the Grand Lama's tea and food; mkhan sde phyi ka  outside khan-poóthose that enjoy this distinction but partially.  Other designations of this kind are mkhan po la rnam pa bzhi ste  :- (1) mkhan po chos kyis sdud la zang zing gis ma yin pa'ang yod  the professor who conveys to his pupil instruction, not wealth; (2) zang zing gis sdud la chos kyis ma yin pa'ang yod  the professor who gives riches but not religious instructions; (3) mkhan po chos kyis sdud cing zang zing gis sdud pa yang yod  the professor who gives both wealth and religious instruction to his pupil; (4) mkhan po chos kyis kyang mi sdud cing zang zing gis kyang mi sdud pa yod  the professor who neither imparts instruction nor wealth.
mkhan bu 	pupil, scholar (J‰.).
mkhan mo 	mistress, instructress (Cs.).
mkhan rabs 	the succession of khan-po or abbots in a great monastery.
mkhan rims 	the respective prospects of being elected abbot as depending on the different ranks of the expectant candidates; the order of the succession of abbots.
mkhan slob 	for mkhan po dang slob ma  the professor and his pupil; also (according to some) mkhan po dang slob dpon  the professor and the teacher: bla ma mkhan slob kyi bka'  the words or commands of the lama, abbot and teachers.
mkha' 	SANST the heaven; the sky; generally nam mkha' .
mkha' klong 	, mkha' khyab , mkha' dbyings  the whole compass or extent of the heavens (Cs.).
mkha' skyes 	heaven-born; a name for the year Fire-tiger me stag  of the Tibetan calendar (Moon.).
mkha' khyab 	SANST that which encompasses space or the sky: mkha' khyab ting nge 'dzin  SANST the all-comprehending (all absorbing) meditation; n. of a Samadhi.
mkha' khyim can 	SANST he whose abode is in the sky; the sun.
mkha' mkha' ro *	SANST (Schr; Kalac. T. 46).
mkha' gos can 	clouds (Moon.).
mkha' 'gro 	lit. "the sky-goer"; a god; a bird; arrow.  Syn. lha rnams ; 'dab chags ; bya ; mda' ; bya khyung ; Da ki nI ; gtso mo  (Moon.).
mkha' 'gro ma 	a class, mainly of female sprites, akin to our witches, but not necessarily ugly or deformed.  There are two kinds of khadoma:- those still in the world and those that have passed out of the world or are about to pass away from it.  Of the latter or those called ye shes kyi mkha' 'gro ma , goddesses of wisdom, they are five kinds, viz., Buddha Dakini, Vajra Dakini, Ratna Dakini, Padma Dakini, and Karma Dakini.  Of these Rdor-je phag-mo, Seo gdoo-ma, &c., have each a hundred thousand dakini followers.  They are said to be possessed of supernatural powers and resemble fairies in their attributes.  Among the worldly Dakini there are two classes, those belonging to the pantheon of the Brahmans and those devoted to the cause of Buddhism.  In Tibet we read of tshe ring mched lnga  the five long-lived sisters: bstan ma bcu gnyis  the twelve nymph sisters who undertook to guard Buddhism, &c.  Syn. 'gro ba'i sgron me ; srid pa'i sgron me , the lamp of the world, the light of the universe (Moon.).
mkha' 'gro skyes 	SANST born of those that move in the sky.
mkha' 'gro brda yig 	mkha' 'gro brda yig zhes pa snying ma'i gter yig la mkha' 'gro brda yig  a form of Devanagari character used by the RÒio-ma sect in their mystical writings.
mkha' 'gro gsang ba ye shes 	n. of a deified lady, who was, in her former existence, the wife of a king called (Ratna Dasa) dkon mchog 'bangs .  She is adored in Tibet as the goddess of mystical learning.
mkha' 'gro'i rgyal po 	= gser gyi bya gtsug phud can  the golden bird (eagle) with a crest: bya 'di'i spu mdog bi DU 4 ltar  angs shing gshog pa rnam par bkra ba yod zer  the crest of this bird is in colour resplendent as lapis lazuli, and its wings are said to be chequered all over.
mkha' 'gro'i dbang phyug 	I: SANST, SANST, SANST the lord of the sky.  II: SANST khyab 'jug  Virnu (Moon.).
mkha' mnyam 	like the heavens; infinite; mkha' mnyam pa  a name of Buddha (Moon.).
mkha' rten 	SANST the firmament; sky supporting; a sort of ornament.
mkha' lding 	SANST, SANST met. the eagle, the bird that soars on high.
mkha' lding dkar po 	ngang pa  i'i ming  SANST, SANST a general name for the swan species (Moon.).
mkha' lding rgyal mtshan 	khyab 'jug  SANST, Virnu (Moon.).
mkha' lding dbang po 	= khyung 3 the king of birds (Yig. k. 29).
mkha' lding gshog pa 	v. mar gad 3 SANST, n. of a green gem (Moon.).
mkha'  od 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. that which has attained to the sky, a gandharva (celestial musician).  2. celestial enjoyment; residing in heaven: mkha'  od du lus ma spangs par bgrod pa mkha'  od kyi dngos grub  the blessing of entering into a heavenly existence without losing one's present form: mkha'  od du gshegs pa  gone to the state of beatitude, i.e., to heaven.
mkha'  od pa 	SANST n. of Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva.
mkha'  od dbang mo 	an epithet of the goddess Dorje Phag-mo and of the abbess of the Yamdok Samding monastery: rje btsun mkha'  od dbang mo'i zhabs pad rin po che'i drung du  before the precious lotus feet of the venerable one who has attained the heavens (Yig. k. 20).
mkha' dbyug 	SANST lit. sky-sticks; a bedstead.
mkha' mig *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 48).
mkha' yi snye ma 	= rgyal mtshan 3 SANST the sacred ensign (Moon.).
mkha' rol pa 	divine musician; that plays or moves merrily in the sky.
mkha' la rgyu 	1. SANST the moves in the sky.  2. bya  a bird (Moon.): mkha' la rgyu ba  to wander or move in the sky: mkha' la rgyu ba'i yi  ags  the Preta that moves in the sky: mkha' la lding ba  to soar in the air.  3. ether, as the fifth element.  4. symbolical numbers; cypher, naught.
mkha' gsang 	= mo mtshan 3 SANST the female sex (Moon.).
mkha'i gos can 	SANST cover or dress of the sky; the night; mkha'i rgyal mtshan  SANST the sky-ensign; mkha'i pags pa  = the space; the void sphere; the skin or cover of the sky, i.e., darkness, gloom; mkha'i nor bu  gem of heaven; the sun, moon, star.
mkha'i zil ba 	= fog (Moon.).
mkhar 	SANST, SANST a castle, a nobleman's seat or mansion; manor house; freq. a citadel; fort: mkhar dpon  governor of a castle; commander of a fortress.
mkhar kha 	n. of a place situated to the north of Gyan-tse in Tsang; the birthplace of Grub-chen Gtsao smyon He-ru-ka, one of the celebrated Buddhist Tantrik saints of Tsang.
mkhar rgya'i khal 	contains 768 Dbus sho = 640 mgyur-sho.
mkhar rnga 	SANST, SANST a drum; (according to some) a minstrel.
mkhar chen brag dkar 	bon gnas so bdun gyi nang gcig gi ming  n. of one of the 37 sacred places of the Bon (G. Bon. 38).
mkhar chen rdzong 	n. of a fort near Tengri Nor.
mkhar chen bza' 	mkha' chen bza' zhes pa ni slob dpon paV 'byung gnas kyi jo mo zhig gi mtshan  one of the wives of Padma Sambhava (Loo. 'a S).
mkhar nyag gi khal 	on the Tibetan steel-yard mkhar nyag gang  of gold weight = 38 sho of Dbus plus 8 skar of gold.
mkha' nyal 	that sleeps on space; a general name for gods and birds.
mkhar rta 	n. of a place on the confines of Tibet and Nepal (S. kar. 770.
mkhar ltag 	an abbreviation of mkhar rtse dang ltag rtse rdzong  the forts of Mkhar-rtse and ltag-rtse.
mkhar thog 	n. of Tibet.
mkhar rdo 	(snan ) SANST n. of a medicine; a metallic substance in large grains; a sort of pyrites.
mkhar lder 	SANST, SANST plate or dish made of bell-metal.  (EEE The original has the transliteration "mkhar-sder" for the headword but the original Tibetan headoword, mkhar lder , was maintained since it fits correctly with the definition.)
mkhar ba 	I: SANST, SANST bell-metal.  II: (also 'khar ba ) in B. and C. staff, stick: mkhar gsil  a staff of the Buddhist mendicant priests, the upper part of which is hung with jingling rings (J‰.): phyag mkhar  resp. for mkhar ba .
mkhar ba'i dgra 	SANST enemy of Kaosha an epithet of Virnu (Moon.).
mkhar rtse 	n. of a rdzong , or fort in Phan-yul in Tibet.
mkhar zam lha khang rdzong 	n. of a fort and town in Tibet.
mkhar bzo ba 	SANST, SANST a maker of articles of bell-metal.
mkhar ru'i spor gang 	one spor of Mkhar-ru measure is equal to one silver srao.
mkhar srung 	SANST the guard or garrison of a fortress (Cs.).
mkhar gsil 	metal cymbal.
mkhal mdog 	kidney-coloured; dark red (Cs.).
mkhal nad 	= mkhal ma'i nad  disease of the kidneys.
mkhal ma 	I: the kidneys: mkhal ma gang yin tsha grang nus pa mthun dang mkhal nad lgang ba rked pa'i nad la phan| the kidney (of cattle, etc. taken as food) equalizes the temperature, and is beneficial in kidney disease and also for ailments of the bladder and groin.  II: said to be kind of fruit of two species used in kidney disease.
mkhas grub 	(mkhas pa dang grub pa ) a Buddhist scholar who being learned has attained perfection.
mkhas grub rje *	= mkhas grub dge legs dpal bzang  one of the chief disciples of Tsoo-khapa.
mkhas mchog 	SANST a profound scholar; eminent among the learned.
mkhas brtan 	SANST steady and wise; of reliable knowledge mkhas pa brten pa .
mkhas pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST wise, learned, sagacious: snan pa mkhas pa  skilful physician: chos la mkhas  versed in religion: slob ma skyong ba la mkhas pa  efficient in managing pupils.  Syn. byang ba ; rig ldan ; rnam gsal ; rig pa can ; blo ldan ; skyon shes ; yon tan shes ; grangs can ; mdzangs pa ; snyan ngag mkhan ; shes rab can ; dam pa ; rig pa'i dpa' po ; go ba can ; kun rig ; brtan po ; sems shes pa ; thos ldan ;  od ldan ; rnam par  angs ; ring du mthong ba ; grags pa thob pa ; gsal ba'i sgo ; dus yig can ; kun shes ; dran pa'i dbang po ; blo bzang ; blo gros ; mig ldan ; kun gyis bkur ba  (Moon.).
mkhas pa can 	SANST wise; learned; skilful; experienced; prudent; shrewd.
mkhas pa lta bu 	SANST, SANST, like a dexterous man; appearing skilful.
mkhas pa snad pa 	SANST of inferior attainments.
mkhas pa bzhin byed 	showing as one skilful, but not really so.
mkhas pa'i mgul rgyan 	mkhas pa'i mgul rgyan si tu chos kyi 'byung gnas kyi sum rtags kyi 'grel pa  n. of a commentary on Tibetan grammar called mkhas pa'i mgul rgyan  by Si-tu Chos-kyi hbyuo-gnas.
mkhas pa'i dga' ston 	zur mkhar blo gros rgyal po'i sum rtags 'grel pa mkhas pa'i dga' ston  n. of a commentary on Tibetan orthogaphy (sum-rtag) by Blo-gros rgyal-po of Zur-mkhar.
mkhas pa'i rgyan 	'o phug pa krma rab rgyas kyi sum rtags  n. of a grammatical work by Karma Rab-rgyas of Ho-phug.
mkhas pa'i rang bzhin can 	SANST possessed of the nature of the learned; naturally wise or skilful.
mkhas pa'i rigs 	SANST of the learned class: mkhas pa'i rigs las skyes  born of the race of Dakra.
mkhas par rlom pa 	(mkhas rloms ) SANST, SANST conceited person; a pedant.
mkhas pas dregs 	pedantic: yon tan chen po rnams la mkhas pas dregs pa yod  among the cultured there is much pedantry in learning.
mkhas po 	or mkhas pa  a learned man; sngon gyi mkhas po rnams  learned men of former times.
mkhas blun 	wise and foolish; wisdom and folly.
mkhas ma 	= bud med blo ldan ma  a noble, learned woman (Moon.).
mkhas btsun 	learned and righteous; mkhas btsun bzang  learned; conscientious and good.
mkhas shod 	SANST, SANST most skilful or dexterous.
mkhun pa 	(Sch.), v. khun pa 3.
mkhur ba 	the cheeks: mkhur bar sha 'dzir chung yod longs  od ldan  a little fleshiness in the cheeks forebodes wealth (Mi.): mkhur tshos  v. khur tshos 3, cheeks: rab dmar mkhur tshos nyi gzhon 'char kha'i 'od  her very ruddy cheeks glow like the rising sun.
mkho ba 	necessary; desirable; also vb. to want: nga la mkho ba med  I don't want it.  mkho ba'i yo byad  indispensable things; necessary articles; nye bar mkho ba  or nyer mkho  requisites, wants, desiderata; most necessary things: snga mkho bzhin  according as was wanted before; as heretofore.
mkho byed 	colloq. kho-che, necessary things; what may be needed: khˆ-la kho-che yˆ-pe rik di dir nyo ma chok the kind which you wanted cannot be bought here.
mkhos phab 	acc. to Oag. signifies a fancy for a thing; a liking for; also to wish, want something.
mkhyid gang 	the measure with the fist made with thumb extended, about six inches: 'bebs bkum mkhyid gang  (its) length when folded is one mkhyid (Yig. k.).
mkhyud pa 	v. 'khyud pa 3  I: to keep, to hold, to retain; dpe mkhyud pa , dpe mkhyud can  unwillingness to lend books (Cs.); dpe mkhyud byed pa  to be unwilling to lend books.  (EEE No definition II. is provided in the original.) (EEE the original has "'khyad pa  hkhyud pa".  Since the transliteration is clearly correct, the typographical error in the Tibetan has been corrected.)
mkhyud  ad 	1. a sort of bag or vessel for carrying medicine.  2. sorcery, witchcraft (Sch.): pha dam pa'i mkhyud  ad lta bu  a little instruction or various subjects like the alms-bag of the saint Phadam-pa (which contained different medicines).
mkhyud  ad pa 	= snan pa  a medicine man; a physician (Moon.).
mkhyen 	v. mkhyen pa 3.   rje btsun gyis thugs mkhyen gyi gzigs pa lags sam  Has your reverence seen by your prophetic sight?  sku mkhyen  form of abject entreaty: I appeal to your honour's wisdom; gsung mkhyen  to your's honour's sacred words; thugs mkhyen  to your honour's heart; mkhyen mkhyen  you know full well; you will understand: bla ma khyed mkhyen mkhyen  O Lama, thou knowest all!  mdzad par mkhyen mkhyen  of your wisdom permit to be done!
mkhyen mkhan 	very learned: chos gang la yang rgya mtsho lta bu mkhyen mkhan  profound like the ocean in every (department of) religion.
mkhyen rgya can 	possessed of much understanding; very learned: ye mkhyen  = mngon mkhyen  possessed of prophetic knowledge; fore-knowledge; thugs mkhyen  knowledge of a higher kind; prophetic sight.
mkhyen pa 	resp. for shes pa , rig pa , go ba   1. to know; also knowledge; thams cad mkhyen pa  SANST all-knowing.  2. rnam shes  = rnam mkhyen  SANST, such terms though applicable to Buddha are now applied to the Grand Lama of Tibet out of courtesy or for the purpose of flattering them: mkhyen pa thogs pa mi mnga' ba  whose knowledge has no bound (Lam-rim.); mkhyen pa'i ye shes  superior wisdom; mkhyen pa'i yon tan  attainments; accomplishments of a high order; mkhyen par gyur to| perceived, found out, discovered; bsam pa dag par mkhyen pas  perceived the sentiments to be pure.
mkhyen dpyod yangs pa 	wide and critical knowledge; wide discriminating wisdom.
mkhyen  an yangs pa 	(with) broad views and wisdom; wide prophetic vision or sight.
mkhyen brtse 	omniscient mercy.
mkhyen gzigs 	supernatural perception; attributes of a high incarnate lama or a Bodhisattva.
mkhyen rab 	the wise; also shes rab  SANST wisdom.
mkhyen shing ngam 	= mkhyen nam  did you understand it?
mkhyen gsum 	:- gzhi shes , SANST, or SANST the knowledge of the subject; basic knowledge: lam shes  knowledge of the way (to Nirvana); knowing the way.  rnam mkhyen  = rnam par shes  SANST cognition of all things.
mkhrang pa 	acc. to J‰. is the fourth stage of the development of the fútus.
mkhrang po 	= hrang pa  or sra bar 'gyur ba  a robust, hard and sound constitution: lus kyi shed che ba la mkhrang po  in the great strength of his body there is sound health (Oag).  The soundness of one's constitution is ascertained by examining the urine deposited in a bottle; when it is natural the physician declares mkhrang 'dug  or colloquially hrang gin 'dug  it (the constitution) is sound, &c.
mkhrang ba 	(thao-wa), or mkhrangs  also khrang  hard; solid; compact; sra mkhrang can 'gyur med  firm; hearty; sound; of a robust constitution (J‰.).
mkhrig ma 	(thig-ma) the wrist of the hand (J‰.); the part of the hand which (in women) is adorned with bangles.  It is also called nor bu 'ching ba  the part where jewels are bound.
mkhrigs pa 	(thig-pa) sometimes for mkhrig ma .
mkhris nad 	bilious disease.
mkhris pa 	(thi-pa) SANST  1. the vesicle of the gall; the gall-bladder, as part of the intestines.  2. generally the bile itself; the bilious fluid: mkhris pa sna tshogs bsdus pa rma dang dug mkhris mig la phan  a mixture of the biles of different animals is useful for sores; and the bile of poisonous animals is useful for eye-disease: mkhris pa'i gsal byed bzhi  the four animal biles that are used in medicine:- (1) dom mkhris  bear's bile; (2) ri bong mkhris pa  hare's bile; (3) 'phyi ba'i mkhris pa  marmot's bile; (4) nya mkhris  fish bile (Sman. 175).
mkhris pa can 	splenetic; a short-tempered person.
mkhris ma 	acc. to J‰ = 'khris 3.
mkhris tshad 	bilious fever; krang mkhris  a feverish chill.
mkhris rims 	applied to a fever in which the liver is congested.
mkhris shas che 	mi la mkhras pa'i nad mang ba'i don  one in whose constitution the bilious diseases predominate.
mkhregs pa 	(theg-pa) SANST, SANST hard; that cannot be broken; cannot be divided; also fearless; and acc. to J‰.  mgo mkhregs can  obstinate, stiff-necked, stubborn.  Syn. sra ba ; mi shigs ; mi 'jig ; mi phyed  (Moon.).
'khang ba 	sems mi dga' ba lta bu   1. to hurt at heart or offend, also to irritate.  2. vindictiveness: khyod la 'khang tshig gcig kyang 'dug pas  (Hbrom. 51) you use all manner of vindictive words.  3. bickering, quarrelling; 'khang mang  many quarrels: dpon slob re 'khang 'byung  there arose mutual differences between masters and scholars.  re 'khang byed pa  to make mischief (Mil.).
'khad pa 	especially in W.  1. to sit; to sit firm: rnga mong la 'khad pa  to sit on the back of a camel.  2. to remain sitting; to stick fast; to be stopped; kept back (J‰); rkang pa 'khad de 'gyel ba  to get entangled with the foot so as to fall: sgo 'khad 'dug  the door sticks.
'kham pa 	= brgyal ba 3 to sink or fall down senseless; to faint away; to swoon.  2. to take into one's mouth (Sch.).
'khar 	= zhen pa 3 or 3chags pa 3 desire; passion; attachment (Oag.).
'khar sgong 	white pebbles called dkar gong  in medical works: gYas gYon gnyis su 'khar sgong dang sran ma  on both his right and left there were white pebbles and peas.
'khar ba 	I: 1. a walking stick, staff, clutcheon: chu shing gi 'khar ba thogs pa zhig dang 'phrad  he met (a man) who carried a stick of chu-shio (water-tree) (A. 131).  2. SANST, SANST bell-metal: 'khar ba'i gYa' yis mig nad sel  the rust (sulphate) of bronze, or of gong-metal, removes eye disease.  'khar ba  is a compound of bell-metal with copper, &c.; 'khar ba'i chu  molten, liquid bronze; 'khar ba'i me long  a metallic mirror.  II: vb. to adhere to; to stick to.  'khar rnga or rgya rnga   1. gong used in Tibet and China to call people to their work or lamas or religious service.  2. a drum of bell-metal, large bell-metal disk, producing when struck loud sound like that of a bell.
'khar gzhong 	dish of bell-metal.
'khar zangs 	a metallic kettle.
'khar gsil 	the staff carried by mendicant priests having a chaitya fixed on its top end, from which hang down sixteen rings: thams cad kyang 'khar gsil mdzes par bsnams pa  (A. 22) they all grasped beautiful mendicant's staves.
'khar gsil gyi mdo 	(K. d. la 425) a tractate on the merit accruing from the use of the mendicant's staff.
'khal 	when spinning the thread stretched across is called hkhal, and that lengthwise is called sgrim; sometimes this word is spelt as 'khel  (Dag-yig.).
'khal ba 	1. to spin: bal 'khel ba  to spin wool.  2. in W. to send; to forward things.
'khu 'khrig 	or 'khang ba  denotes certain passions that disturb the tranquility of the mind, such as malignity and covetousness; acc. to Cs. to emulate, contemn, hate; also to long for; acc. to Sch. pride (J‰.).
'khu ba +	'gran pa  SANST, SANST to vie with, contend; also wrathfully rebelling: zhe sdang du'ang bshad|don la rgyun du gnod pa'i sems 'chang | the real signification is always to harbour thoughts of doing mischief.  Acc. to J‰. to offend, insult, injure; also injury.
'khu ba'i bsam pa 	= log lta 3 SANST a false creed; heresy (Moon.).
'khun pa 	1. groan; a deep sigh, from suffering or disease.  2. on account of fullness of the stomach, beasts such as cows and buffaloes make this hollow sound at the time of chewing the cud: 'khun sgra khang pa khengs  he filled the house with groanings: sdang ba'i dgra la gYag ltar 'khun  he groans (or grunts) like a yak against a fierce enemy (J‰.).
'khum pa 	pf. khums  (cf. skum pa 3), thos pa  to comprehend; to shrink; yan lag 'khums pa  to be contracted of the limbs; rkang lag 'khums pa  contracted hands and feet: yur ra rang bzhin 'khum byed yin  the ditch will get narrower of itself (J‰.).
'khums pa 	1. shrunk, shriveled, contracted; fig. reduced; restricted; deprived of power: blo 'khums pa  a contracted mind; an easily frightened heart; one who is much afraid of (Oag.): acc. to Sch. to practise; to impress on the mind.
'khur du thogs te 	taking up in the order to carry; taking on one's back; lag par khur byes  in W. to hold in one's hand (J‰.); sems la 'khur ba  to bear in mind; 'khur thag  girth or rope; strap for carrying.
'khur ba 	sbst. pastry; vb. to carry, as in khur 'khur ba po , one who carries a burden; 'khur byed , 'khur bzhin pa  carrying: mi theg par 'khur ba  to carry very heavy loads; to carry what one is not able to carry.  Khur-shog, bring it! Khur-song, take it away!
'khur tshos 	v. khur tshos 3.
'khur ra 	= snum 'khur  bread or pastry baked with or in oil (Oag.).
'khul ba 	acc. to Oag. to subdue; to subject one by argument and language to service; acc. to Cs. to be uneasy about; khral 'khul ba  acc. to J‰. perh. to force a tax, a rate, on a person.
'khegs pa 	pf. of 'gegs , to hinder, stop, shut off, debar: ji ltar bkag rung ma 'khegs pas  although they prohibited, in whatever way, he was not stopped: nyes skyon 'khegs pa po  one who has stopped evils and dangers: 'khegs byed  one who stops.
'khengs pa 	pf. khengs , to be replete; to be full: khrag gis khengs yod pa  was filled with blood; blo gros ma khengs te  his mind not being satiated (J‰.).
'kheb pa 	pf. khebs , to cover; to spread over; yongs su khebs te  being covered all over; kha thams cad khebs te  being covered over the whole face; to overshadow (J‰.).
'khel ba 	, 'gel ba , pf. khel , gdeng 'khel ba , to put on; to pack on; to load: bcu thog khel ba  when the ten storeys shall have been put on (erected).
'kho ba 	(cog. to mkho ba ) to wish; to want; to think useful, serviceable, necessary; to have occasion for: 'kho ste 'ong  it will be of use; he will be able to make use of it: 'kho 'am mi mkho  will it be useful or not, or in W. hkho-ce med I do not want it; I do not like it.  'kho bjed  fit for use; useful (J‰.).
'khogs pa 	I: very infirm from ole age; decrepit; decayed.  Gen. signifies rgan  or rgyas 'khogs  worn out by age: sngo khog , skya khog  complexion blue or pale from old age.  II: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST migration; wandering; fig. worldly existence.  III: = glo 'gog pa 3 to cough (Moon.).
'khong ba 	(cf. sgong ba 3) to draw in one's limbs; to sit in a cowering position; to squat; to hide one's self; dpa' 'khong ba  to be discouraged, disheartened (J‰.).
'khod 	fut. of bkod 3 = 3khod 3  1. surface; superficies; sa'i 'khod snyom pa  to remove inequalities of the surface; to level; to plane; 'khod snyoms pa  levelled; made even; plain; frequently bar gyi khod snyoms  gaps were filled up, i.e., distinctions of rank, wealth, &c., were done away with.  2. a mill stone; ya 'khod  the upper stone; ma khod  the nether stone (J‰.).
'khod pa 	= sdod pa 3 to sit down; to sit; also to live, to dwell; to be set down; to be put: rgyal srid la 'khod pa  raised to the throne; gnas su 'khod pa  settled at a place; gral du 'khod pa  seated in rank or order; steng du 'khod pa  placed above; 'og tu 'khod pa  place under.
'khon 	I: n. of an ancient family in Tibet: sa skya 'khon gyi rigs  (hierarchs) belonged to the race of Hkhon (Oag.).  II: zhe 'khon  malice; dispute; war; spite (Oag.); 'khon nas  from the state of dispute or war; 'khon med par  honestly, without evil intentions; also without quarrel or dispute; 'khon zhugs pa  to be spiteful or quarrelsome.
'khon pa 	also 'khon yod pa  to bear a grudge or ill-will against a person; to be dissatisfied with a thing; also to be malicious, spiteful.
'khon po 	discord; dissension (J‰.).
'khobs 	bya ba'i 'khobs  the sphere of one's doing or work (Zam.); also = khyab pa 3.  Acc. to J‰. to be startled, agitated, alarmed.
'khobs shag 	not fitting to a place; become larger or smaller: 'khyags nas 'khobs shag cher cher song  being frozen it does not fit, it having grown larger (Oag.).
'khob ba +	= ngan pa 3 bad; wicked; low; barbarous; rough; rude; mtha' 'khob  border; also border country; yang 'khob  distant border land.
'khor 	I: an attendant who is inferior to a friend in rank and superior to a servant: 'khor gyi nang na 'dug kyang rung  even if he be allowed to be among the attendants.  II: for 'khor lo  a wheel; me 'khor  the fire-wheel; chu 'khor  a mill or wheel turned by water; rlung 'khor  wheel turned by water; rlung 'khor  wheel turned by wind; lag 'khor  a wheel turned by wind; lag 'khor  a wheel turned by the hand; a millstone.  2. circle; circumference; the persons or objects encircling; that which surrounds (a certain point or place): lte ba dang de'i 'khor rnams  the navel and the circumjacent parts; de khor la  thereabouts.  nye 'khor  retinue, attendants; also waiters: 'khor dang bcas pas  (SANST) with the attendants or suite; 'khor dgra bcos pas  surrounded by the retinue of Arhats: 'khor du bsdus po  gathered round as his retinue; also frequently the train of thoughts, reminiscences, &c., which the soul, when passing into a new body, cannot take along with it (J‰.).  *  III: SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 22).  (EEE In the original, III. above is a separate entry.  It has been included here to permit the proper functioning of the headword lookup feature.)
'khor kun tu grags 	SANST resounding in every company.
'khor kha 	zla ba dang zhag 'khor ba la  return or each rotation (of a month, day, or year): mang ba'i rigs la 'khor kha'i lhag 'khyil yong gi 'dug pa  those articles which are found in excess at the termination of the period should be sent round (Rtsii.).
'khor mkhan 	one who turns a wheel; a wheel that is turned; those who come and go with somebody.
'khor gyi dkyil 'khor 	SANST the circle of attendants.  (EEE The original gives the transliteration of the headword as "hkhor-gyi dkyil-hkhir" which is clearly a mistake.)
'khor gyi skye ba 	SANST dependants.
'khor gyi skye bo *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 21).
'khor gyi 'khyams 	courtyard; an open space near a temple or a residential house where people assemble to witness a spectacle; also the passage round a temple or monastery for devotees to walk round for religious merit.
'khor gyi gtso bo 	the chief of the attendants or followers.
'khor gcig 	one attendant; 'khor rnams  domestics; house-hold servants; lo 'khor  a cycle of years: lo 'khor bcu gnyis  or drug bcu  a cycle of twelve or sixty years.
'khor nyan 	SANST the first of the seven musical notes.
'khor to 	n. of a tribe in Tibet (Vai. kar. 190).
'khor gtan 	= sgo'i them pa 3 SANST steps at the threshold or at the entrance of a house.
'khor du bsdus 	to enlist; to recruit; to take as one's followers.  byang chub sems dpas sems can 'khor du bsdus nas don byed  A Bodhisattva taking animated beings as his followers works for their good; or a Bodhisattva having brought animated beings into his followers, does work for the cause of men: 'khor 'dus pa 'dug  all the attendants had collected together.
'khor pa 	or 'khor po  male attendant.
'khor phag mo *	(Schr., 53 A.).
'khor ba 	I: to turn round; to circumambulate, to walk all round; also to elapse, to be completed.  2. to be formed, perfected: khyag par 'khor ba med  the frost has formed; zil pa 'khor  dew has arisen.  II: the world; rotatory existence; the round of transmigration within the six classes of beings: 'khor ba la skyo shas skyes  to repent at having come into transmigratory existence.  Syn. mi rig ; mngon chags ; sred pa ; 'jig rten ; yang srid ; gzhi 'dzin pa ; gtsug lag dang po ; thun mong chos ; sdug bsngal 'byung gnas ; 'khor ba  (Moon.).
'khor ba 'khor mor 	to transmigrate in the world (Pag. 291).
'khor pa 'jig 	SANST the breaker or destroyer of transmigratory existence; the name of a former Tathagata.
'khor ba dang ldan chen po 	SANST (Schr.; Kalac T. 145).
'khor ba dong sprug 	= sems can thams cad sangs rgyas 'khor stong du 'gro ba la zer  the passing of all animals to be followers of the thousand past Buddhas.
'khor ba las sgrol mkhan 	one who has been liberated from transmigratory existence; also one who liberates another from that state.
'khor ba'i khyim 	= btsun mo'i pho brang  the residence of a queen (Moon.).
'khor ba'i dgra 	the enemy of the world, Mara.
'khor ba'i rgya mtsho 	the ocean of worldly existence: rnam rtog ma rig chen po ste|'khor ba'i rgya mtshor ltung bar byed| the Vikalpana (the wrong impression); thrown into the ocean of worldly business (Grub. da 76).
'khor ba'i 'ching ba 	the entanglements or ties of the world: 'khor ba'i 'ching ba drag po ste|sems can dmyal ba kun gyi rgyu| the strong fastenings to this world are the cause of the suffering in hell of all animated nature (K. la 114).
'khor ba'i sdug bsngal 	the miseries of the worldly existence.
'khor ba'i bla ma 	= 'dod lha dga' rab dbang phyug  Cupid, the god of Love (Moon.).
'khor ba'i btson ra 	the prison-house of worldly existence.
'khor ba'i lam 	SANST the path of transmigratory existence.
'khor bar 'khor 	to come in and go out of this world very often.
'khor bar 'khor ba po 	one who transmigrates.
'khor bar 'khyams 	'gro mchog  wandering purposelessly in this world.
'khor ma tshags 	without interruption.
'khor mang can 	= shing ka dam pa  SANST the tree Cadamba (Moon.).
'khor med 	, chad med  uninterrupted: bka' drin 'khor med  uninterrupted mercy (Yig. 42).
'khor zhag 	the date of return; the term or period for which leave is granted to monks or soldier at the expiration of which they are bound to return to duty.
'khor zug 	v. 'khor yug 3.
'khor yug 	I: SANST the horizon; the wall surrounding a city or fort; rampart: 'khor yug tu  or 'khor mo yug tu  within the limits of the horizon; everywhere; at all times.  *II: SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 12).  (EEE I. and II. constitute separate entries in the original; they are combined here to permit the proper functioning of the headword lookup feature.)
'khor gYa' 	latch.
'khor gYog 	SANST, SANST attendants and servants, companions and domestics: mdun 'khor  waiting servant; valet de chambre; nang 'khor  household servants; domestics: gtso 'khor  master and servant: dpon 'khor  the chief and his servant; ston 'khor  the teacher and his pupils; drung 'khor  a secretary or clerk; phyi 'khor  servants outside the domestics.
'khor ral gcig ma *	(Schr. 53 B.).
'khor legs pa 	good attendants.
'khor lo 	I: hkhor-lo and other weapons of war included in the following list of weapon or mtshon cha :- gYul du 'dzin pa ; tho ba ; rdung byed ; dbyug pa ; lcags bcings ; dbyig pa ; 'phang mdung ; shang lang ; gsor mdung ; tsa kra ; 'khor lo  (Moon.).  II: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST an orb, circle, disk; a wheel: 'khor lo chen por 'jug pa'i ye shes kyi phyag rgya  SANST the symbol of entering into the great circle.  2. the round of life; orb or state of existence; srid pa'i 'khor lo  SANST the chart or cycle of existence : lha dang mi rnams kyi 'khor lo bzhi  the four states of existence of gods and men:- (1) mthun pa'i yul du gnas pa  SANST residence in a place where there is agreement or which is agreeable; (2) skyes bu dam pa la brten pa  SANST to take refuge with or shelter under good men; (3) bdag nyid kyi yang dag pa'i snon lam  SANST perfect determination of one's self; (4) sngon yang bsod nams byas pa  SANST moral merit acquired in a former existence: 'khor lo can  (1) SANST one who is possessed of a disk; (2) sbrul  a snake (Moon.); (3) v. bya ngur ba  SANST (Moon.).  (EEE bya ngur ba  does not occur as a headword in the dictionary but see under 'dab chags 3.)
'khor lo bsgy ur 	, 'khor los sgy ur  SANST an Universal Emperor.  Syn. ma lus rgyal po ; rgyal kun 'dud ; lhag pa'i dbang phyug ; sa kun dbang ; yang dag rgyal po ; mi yi lha ; gnam bskos  (Moon.).
'khor los sgy ur rgyal gyi btsun mo 	the wife of the Universal Emperor.  Syn. mi yi lha mo ; bud med rin chen ; gnam bskos ma ; lhag pa'i dbang phyug ma ; 'jig rten btsun mo  (Moon.).
'khor lo 'joms 	v. da dru 'joms 3, snan bzang lo , vegetable medicine for ringworm.
'khor lo dang ldan pa'i ri 	SANST n. of a fabulous mountain situated beyond the great ocean where the horizon touches the earth.  At its centre it has an impenetrable golden hill called Vajra nabhi parvata.  It is filled with fruit trees in consequence of which there are innumerable species of monkey living there (K. d. ra 282).
'khor lo dang 'khor lo chen po lha'i me tog 	(K. d. tsha 368) n. of a celestial flower; idem tsa kra dang tsa kra chen po .  (K. d. zha 156.).
'khor lo dri med 	SANST n. of flower.
'khor lo gdong 	= phag pa 3 SANST, SANST a pig; one with a circular muzzle.
'khor lo 'dab brgya 	SANST n. of a flower.
'khor lo 'dra 	= dong ga 3.  Syn. rgyal po'i shing ; sor mo bzhi pa ; lo ma bzang  (Moon.).
'khor lo 'dra ba 	SANST, SANST like a circle; resembling a wheel.
'khor lo sdom pa 	SANST n. of Buddhist Tantrik deity.
'khor lo dbang sgy ur 	bon gyi ston pa zhig  n. of a Bon teacher (G. Bon. 1).
'khor lo 'byed pa 	SANST one who can penetrate into the designs or machinations of others.
'khor lo rtsibs stong 	the fabulous wishing wheel which is possessed of one thousand radiating spokes: rgyal po'i mdun na gser gyi 'khor lo rtsibs stong yod pa  in the presence of the king was the golden wheel with one thousand radiating ribs; rtsibs re re la zas sna re re bzhag nas 'dren pa la  on each spoke, where it touched the felloe, there was placed a dainty dish; gang 'dod pa de mdun du bskor nas 'dren  from the wheel was brought before him whatever he wished; mi 'dod pa de rgyab tu bskor nas 'jog pa  that which he did not like turned away from him (A. 2).
'khor lo gYo 	SANST n. of a flower.
'khor lo'i rkang 	round foot; elephant; glang po  (Moon.).
'khor lo'i mgon po 	the lord or chief of all: mkhas btsun bzang po'i dpal mnga' 'khor lo'i mgon po bka' drin mtshungs med dge ba'i bshes gnyen chen po'i zhabs drung du  before the feet of Kalyanamitra who is the paramount lord possessing the grace of the noble, wise, and good, whose kindness is unequalled.
'khor lo'i mgrin 	as met. = rnga mong 3 the camel.  (Moon.).
'khor lo'i mtha' 	SANST, SANST the circumference of a circle.
'khor lo'i rnam pa can 	described as stag gi sen mo zhes bya ba'i dri rdzas , a scent called "tiger's-claws."
'khor lo'i yan lag 	= ngang pa  i'i ming  SANST, SANST a general term for the goose species (Moon.).
'khor lo'i lus 	I: = bu shes tse  amber. Syn. bya zas ; nya yi 'khor pa ; lus ngan mig  (Moon.).  II: = gdugs 3 an umbrella. Syn. char skyob ; tsha ba sgrib ; tshad skyob  (Moon.).
'khor los 'gro ba 	, shing rta  i dang bye brag  wheeled; carriage or vehicle (Moon.).
'khor los sgy ur 	v. reg bzang 3 (Moon.).
'khor los 'tsho 	v. rdza mkhan , a potter; one who lives by turning the (potter's) wheel (Moon.).  (EEE rdza mkhan  does not occur as a headword in the dictionary but see under rdza 3.)
'khor sa 	SANST the path for circumambulation round a sacred building or other object; the positions of attendant demi-gods of a principal deity round his mansion.
'khor gsum 	man, horse and cow: chibs las gzhol te 'khor gsum drung du phul , alighting from his horse, he presented the three objects, viz., a servant, a horse, and a cow to him (A. 7).
'khor gsum rnam par dag pa 	the alms-giver, alms-giving, and the receiver of alms, when those three are of pure motives.
'khol ba 	pf. bkol , imp. khol   1. to make a person a slave; to bind as a servant; to cause to serve one.  bran khol  or khol po  a slave; khol  od kyi sdug bsngal  the miseries of servitude; gzhan dag gis dbang med par bkol ba  to be enslaved by others, without ability to help oneself.  2. acc. to Cs to save; to spare; to enjoy with moderation.  3. acc. to Sch. to become insensible; to be asleep; to get benumbed in reference to the limbs.  In Med. 4. to boil (with pf. khol ): 'khol 'jug pa  to make one boil; place for boiling (J‰.).
'khol thub pa 	explained in rang gis bsgo ba'i ngag la nyan cing las gang bskul ba thams cad sgrub par byed|sems kyang 'gyur ba med na bran gYig tu 'khol thub pa yin|de ltar ma byung na bran gYog tu gyur kyang 'khol mi thub par red| (Oag.) extracting voluntary service, i.e., if a servant obediently gives effect to the wishes of his master, otherwise, although the servant may be in his service, he has not rendered service.
'khol ma 	a female attendant (Cs.).
'khol mo 	SANST maid-servant.
'khos 	or 'khos ka  worth, value, importance; also necessity: 'khos can  important; mighty; of great influence; 'khos med  uninfluential; 'khos su phab pa  to draw as a blister or poultice; dngos po dga' tshang cig yod kyang snod kyi 'khos ka'am  (A. 142) although there have existed some articles pretty complete, there was necessity for a vessel to receive (deserve) them; 'khos ka chung ba  of less necessity; 'khos chung ba  = las bya bar chung ba  less active or less energetic (Moon.).
'khos bstun 	= 'os babs , don dang bsnun  suited to one's intention or object; fitness; suitability.
'khos dpag 	according to the measure of one's ability.
'khos su phebs pa 	= logs su bzhag pa  to put in opposition.
'khyags pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST vb. intrans.  1. to freeze either into ice or hard; to coagulate, crystalise: chu 'khyags rgyu yin  the water will be freezing; bul tshwa kha ru khyag byung  the soda has congealed on the salt-lake.  In Sikkim khyek or khek = ice.  2. to feel cold, become numbed: 'khyags 'byung  they felt cold (Moon.).
'khyags rum 	or 'khyags ram  an ice-slip; also ice in blocks.
'khyam khyi 	a stray dog.
'khyams pa 	I: fig. to rove, wander: 'dod pas yongs su bslus pa yis|'jig rten 'khor lo bzhin du 'khyams| being completely deluded by desire, they rove the world as a wheel (K. d. za 380): 'khor bar 'khyams pa dang  or bar dor 'khyams pa  to rove (in the world or in the interval between death and regeneration) for no purpose.  II: = don med du 'gro ba  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST; pf. 'khyams par gyur   1. to ramble about; to wander purposelessly; to wander in a strange country.  At certain seasons many monks wander about Tibet, Mongolia and China, vide Huc.  SANST, SANST; rnam par 'khyams pa  to wander about continually; to move about unceasingly: 'khyam du 'jug pa  to cause to ramble or rove about; to become strayed, lost; wandering; vagrant; erroneous; erring; chu 'khyam pa  inundation; flood.
'khyams po 	1.  erroneous; a vagabond.  2. n. of a disease.
'khyar ba 	to err, to go astray, to deviate from the right path: mi 'khyar  erring or blundering man; khyi 'khyar  a stray dog; yi ge 'khyar ba po  one who makes mistakes in writing (a letter, &c.); skad cha la 'khyar ma bcug  do not err in conversation.  'khyar dogs yod  one should be afraid of making mistakes, of going astray; dpe 'khyar po  a defective simile (J‰.).
'khyal ba 	= 'chal ba 3 irrelevant: ngag 'khyal ba  speaking unconnectedly.
'khyal tshig 	irrelevant speech; speaking nonsense: gzhon nu 'dren par mi byed pa'i|'khyal tshig smra na khrims dang 'gal| if one speak misleading words which cause the youthful not to go straight, it infringes the law (or justice).
'khyi ba 	acc. to Sch. 'khyil ba .
'khyig pa 	to bind; to take prisoner.  SANST, also in C., to strangle; suffocate; thag pas 'khyig pa po  one who binds with a rope.  Syn. 'ching ba ; sdom ; 'dogs ; gdags ; bcing pa ; bkyig pa .
'khyigs pa 	, pf. bkyigs  bound.
'khyid pa +	= 'byin pa  to draw out; strain; also to roll, revolve: mig 'khyid pa  to turn or roll one's eyes: 'khor bar 'khyid pa'i rgyu'i gtso bo ni ji ltar snang ba'i dngos po 'di dag la  the chief of the causes of revolving in the world lies in how one appears outwardly (Lam. ti, 36).
'khyim pa 	= chu 'khor ba  to whirl (as of water) (Moon.).
'khyims pa 	SANST, SANST, described as nyi ma dang zla ba sogs la 'od sgor sgor du 'khyims pa  to be encircled with a halo, like the sun and moon; 'od 'khyims  SANST nimbus; halo: 'ja' 'od 'khyims  a rainbow encircling (him): na bun  or snug pa 'khyims  or dud pa 'khyims  fog, mist, or smoke enveloped him (J‰.).
'khyir ba 	to turn round: dbu la gdugs bskor ba'i 'khyir pa  (Oag.) to turn round parasol round in a circle over the head.
'khyil ba 	SANST, SANST, vb. intrans. to wind; to twist; to whirl round; skra  hair (Moon.): chu rang shugs kyis 'khyil ba  water of itself whirls round, i.e., turns into a whirlpool; dung dkar gYas 'khyil gYon 'khyil  a white shell wound to the right or wound to the left; sbrul 'khyil ba  to coil up like a snake; to being wound in the manner of a snake; chu chen po 'khyil 'dug  much water has accumulated surrounding a place or inside a place forming itself in a whirlpool; 'od du 'khyil zhing  as if wreathed with light; nya gser mig 'khyil ba yod  the fish was revolving its golden eyes: mi mang po de ru 'khyil bar gyur te  there many people having crowded together or assembled together: chu la 'khyil ldog med kyang sa gzhi 'ub tu bru  although there was no swirl in the waters they dug deeply into the ground.  Syn. 'khor ba ; 'jug pa  (Moon.).
'khyil ba brgya 	SANST one hundred coils: 'khyil ldan  SANST anything that is possessed of coils; wound together.
'khyil ba can 	= rna rgyan  an earring.  Syn. rna ba mdzes byed ; rna bar 'khyil ; snyan rgyan  SANST (Moon.).
'khyis pa 	v. 'khyid pa 3, to evolve.
'khyu ba 	or 'khyus pa  = kyog po   1. bent; not straight (Oag).  2. pf. 'khyus  run away.  Syn. yo ba ; bros pa  (Moon.).
'khyug pa 	SANST; pf. khyug  to run, move swiftly; said to imply myur ba'i don  the meaning of rapidity; 'khyug po  runner.  glog 'khyug pa  rapid motion of lightning: glog ltar 'khyug pa  to run or move rapidly like the flash of lightning: 'khyug po 'khyu pa  to run away swiftly: 'khyug tsam  in or about a moment or in a flash: sku 'khyug tsam phebs pa  your honour has come for a rapid visit: khyed rang de ring 'khyug tsam phebs rogs  will you come here today just for a trice: 'khyug tsam gzigs  see for about an instant: sems 'khyug  the mind travels quickly.  khra khyug pa  to gleam; to twinkle with light; to shine in various colours: yid ni nyon mongs 'khyugs par 'gyur  (Lam. ti. 35.) the mind moves (restless) with suffering; ser 'khyug ge ba  glittering in yellow lustre; to glitter; to shine (of the rainbow).
'khyug yig 	running hand; current handwriting.
'khyud shar can 	in W. hasty; hurrying; careless.
'khyud 'thung 	= skyes ma thag pa  as soon as born (Moon.).
'khyud nas ldong ba'i ma ning 	SANST one that becomes an hermaphrodite after being embraced.
'khyud pa 	I: SANST, SANST  1. to embrace; embraced: mgul nas 'khyud pa  to clasp round the neck; to hug; to encompass by spanning.  2. to glide in or into (as serpents): mngal du 'khyug pa  entering of the soul into new conception.  3. to be able: lang bar mi 'khyud  unable to rise (from bed).  The word is also illustrated as rtsig pa la rten nas 'gro ba lta bu  to move supporting himself on a wall, &c.  II: = 'khrig pa  SANST, SANST sexual embrace (Moon.).
'khyur ba 	or 'khyur , fut. of bskyur , to be separated; divorced (Cs.): to stop; to put an end to.  Acc. to J‰., to be deserted, bskyur bas 'khyar zhes pas  being separated, he was, so to speak, bereft.
'khyus 	v. 'khyu ba 3.
'khyeng ba 	to be filled up, v. 'gengs pa 3.
'khyed pa 	1. to be sufficient, to suffice, to be enough; to hold out; colloq. 'di khyed  this is enough: mi khyed  there is not enough.  2. in C. to gain (a law suit); to be acquitted (J‰.).  3. phyir khyed pa  to bow without uncovering one's head, as a less humble way of saluting (J‰.).
'khyer ba 	SANST to carry away, to take away; sometimes, to bring: chu yis 'khyer  carried away by water; le los 'khyer  to be overcome, carried away by idleness.  lde mig khyer  take the key; khyer shog  bring; khyer song  carry off, take away; akin to the le-au and le-jao of Hindustani.
'khyer so 	1. bearing; appearance; demeanour; neatness.  2. colloq. advantage; superiority; pleasantness.
'khyel ba 	Ld. to hit, to strike.
'khyog 'khyog 	bent, crooked (Oag.).
'khyog 'gro 	1. = gza' spen pa  the planet Saturn or gos sngon ; he in blue robe (Moon.).  2. = 'bab chu  a stream; waterfall (Moon.); sbrul 'byog 'gro  the snake because it creeps in a bent course (Moon.).
'khyog can 	or 'byog 'khyog  tortuous.
'khyog ston pa 	to fly into a passion (Sch.).
'khyog pa 	pf. khyog , imp. khyog   1. to lift; lift up.  2. to carry; to bring: gsol ja khyog  bring in the tea (C.).
'khyog po 	or khyog po  crooked; bent: khyog po'i ri mo  a crooked figure; a curve, flourish, crescent, &c.: nyas phar 'khyog tshur 'khyog  the fish writhing hither and thither.
'khyog pa'i sa bon 	SANST crooked seeds.
'khyog po 	= drang po min ba  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST not upright; not straight, i.e., crooked.
'khyog po'i mthu can 	the bent-bill; a toucan.
'khyog po'i sde 	= po son cha , chang rtsi  a kind of churn or mixer to make wine with.  Syn. gong bu can ; gser gyi lag ; dbugs 'byin shing ; chang shing ; lag pa'i tshong dus ; khyos byed  myos-byed.
'khyog po'i tshig 	= tshig gi gtang rag  rough language; not straightforward (Moon.).
'khyog dpyang 	a lath or pole for carrying burdens (Sch.).
'khyog bral 	= drang lam  straight road (Moon.).
'khyog 'bar 	me  i'i ming  blaze or flame (Moon.).
'khyog med 	= drang po  or srong pa  straight (Moon.).
'khyog bshad 	a crooked, out-of-the-way construction or explanation.
'khyogs 	or khyogs , SANST a palanquin; sedan chair; litter.
'khyong ba 	or 'khyongs , skyong ba dang skyongs pa'i don dang mtshungs  to observe: nyin 'khyongs , dgon pa la sbyin bdag gis nyi ma gcig gi bsnyen bkur zhu ba   1. to observe a day's religious service in a monastery.  2. acc. to J‰. and Ramsay khyong in Ladak signifies to bring.
'khyom pa 	SANST, fluid hence fig. giddy or giddiness; also to reel; to be giddy: bzi 'khyom 'khyom rgyug  dizzy with intoxication: yang shing sogs 'khyom dang 'khyor zhing 'khyog  the trees being moved (by the wind) were bent (Oag.); so the words 'khyom  and 'khyog  are somewhat similar to each other.  khyom khyom do ba  in C. to reel, stagger: chang gi 'khyom pa 'dug  he is staggering under the influence of beer; mtsho 'khyom  dizziness; vertigo: lug glad mgo 'khor 'khyom pa gso  the brain of a sheep (taken as food) cures reeling or dizziness of the head (Med.).
'khyor ba 	SANST to be unsteady; to miss, fail; not to hit (Cs.); to reel, stagger, from intoxication; to warp (of wood or wooden vessels): 'gro na gom pa 'khyor  in walking his steps reeled (Rdsa.).
'khyol pa 	pf. 'khyol  cf. skyel ba 3 to be carried; to be brought; to arrive at, come to, reach: mthar ma 'khyol bar lus song | on reaching the end, it was left (unfinished).
'khyos pa 	= 'phyos pa  (Sch.).
'khyos ma 	same as skyas ma , a present, gift.
'khra ba 	(tha-wa), vb., pf. probably 'khras , to lean to; to incline towards (Cs.).
'khra sa 	a support to lean against; a prop; the back (of a chair): 'khra sar 'khras  = rten la brten pa  firm in support (Oag.).
'khrangs 	(thao) SANST hard; 'khrang ba , bkrang ba  adj. hard.
'khrad pa 	(thad-pa), in colloq. Tib. to expel; turn out: bgegs 'khrad byed  to expel the devil (from one's body).
'khrab pa 	(thab-pa) SANST, SANST pf. bkrab  or skrab pa   1. to strike; to beat (in regular strokes, as in swimming and rowing); to thrust, stamp, tread heavily; bro 'khrab pa  to dance in that manner.  2. to winnow; to fan.  3. to blink, twinkle, wink with the eyes.  4. to jest; to joke; to crack jokes.  5. to leap, jump (Sch.); jump for joy (Schr.).  6. to scoop out; to bail out (Sch.).  7. to fight; to combat in C. and W. (J‰.).
'khral 'khrul 	(thal-thul) = khral le khrul le  (thal-le thul-le) confused; dazed; confounded; also as adv.  mi cha bzhag med pa skad cha rnam pa sna tshogs lab zhing |sdod mi thub pa phar phyin tshur yong  ad lag kyang tshags mi thub pa la zer yong | also applied to one who is confused in his ideas and speaks unconnectedly and ravingly, and being unable to sit moves up and down and cannot even preserve his own goods.
'khras 	(the) = sems chags sdod pa  hopeful; also attached.
'khri 	(thi) reduction; discount.
'khri rkang 	said to be = rgyal mtshan , the Buddhist flag of victory.
'khri sgrub 	payment of stipulated revenue or dues: khral 'am bu lon sogs|rang gi mgo la babs pa ni 'khri ba| liabilities on account of rent or debt, &c.
'khri ba 	pf. 'khris , cf. dkri ba 3 cognate.  1. to wind; compress; entangle; hold fast: khyim thab kyi 'khri ba  conjugal embrace; 'khri shing  or 'khril shing  a creeper; a creeping plant: khral 'khri ba dang bu lon 'khri ba  to be tied by taxes and entangled in debt.  2. = chags pa  mostly as a sbst. thrall; attachment, but as vb. also: rang don gyi 'khris pa  to be attached to one's interest or advantage; bu med kyi  to wife and children: 'khri ba chod  = zhen pa dang 'brel thag chod  fondness; attachment.  zhen 'khris  passionate attachment.
'khri 'bab 	assessment of revenue or rtsa chu shing gsum gyi 'khri 'bab , levy for the threeógrass, water, wood (to be supplied to privileged travellers or officials) (Rtsii.).
'khri shing 	= 'khril shing  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST a creeping plant.  Syn. yal ga'i ral pa .
'khri shing mchog ldan 	, shing bzang po zhig gi ming  n. of a kind of tree.  Syn. bri yang ku; bud med ming can ; sna tshogs sde ; 'byung po'i me tog ; sa la phyag 'tshal  (Moon.).
'khri shing thogs med 	spos dkar shing gi ming  a name for the Sal tree.  Syn. sAa la'i ljon pa ; sAa la'i shing ; sra rtsi shing ; SANST, SANST (Moon.).
'khrig pa *	1. SANST (Schr.).  2. gnyis , mystic number signifying "two" (Rtsii.).  3. vb. to cohere; to stick together, become thick, intermingled: gnas 'khrig  the sky is thick: 'od zer dang 'ja' 'od 'khrig pa  beams of light and rainbow hues intermingled: 'khrigs gyur pa|snying rje'i ge sar 'khrigs pa| to become adherent being intimately mixed up with the saffron of mercy.  4. coitus; sexual intercourse: 'khrig pa  od pa  to perform such.  'khrig skad  = 'khrig tshig  amorous speech; obscene language; 'khrig thabs  SANST amorous dalliance; 'khrig 'dod ma  SANST a voluptuous women.  5. SANST the twins in the Zodiac.  Syn. of No.  4. dbang po gnyis sbyor ; grong pa'i chos ; nye zungs ; lag bsdams ; 'dod pa  od ; bshos pa ; she sbyor ; mi tshangs  od ; gsang  od ; nye reg ; dga' ; rmongs ; sbyor ba ; kun sbyor ; skye ba  od ; dga' mgur  od ; dga' ba rol ; 'khyud pa ; chags  od ; 'dod log  od ; log gYem  (Moon.).
'khrig pa dang ldan bar smra ba 	SANST speaking of copulation or of sexual union.
'khrig pa 'byin pa 	to talk smut.
'khrig pa sped 	bya rog gi ming  n. for the crow (Moon.).
'khrig pa'i chos rten pa 	to be given up to voluptuousness.
'khrig pa'i bsam gtan ma 	or bud med 'dod ldan ma  a voluptuous or licentious woman (Moon.).
'khrig sped 	SANST, v. 'khrig pa sped 3.
'khrig ma 	or 'khrigs ma , lag pa'i  SANST the wrist (of the hand).
'khrigs pa 	collected or assembled together, of sprin  (clouds).
'khrid pa 	SANST, pf. khrid , pf. bkri  SANST, to lead; to conduct; bring to a place; especially used in connection with animals and children, also of leading an army: bu tsha 'khrid byung | led out their children.
'khrims 	(thim), 'jigs skrag  (Oag.) terror, panic, fear: 'bred nas 'khrims  (Lex.; J‰.).
'khril ba 	(thil-wa) 'khri ba  to wind, coil round (of serpents); draw close; embrace closely; to clasp round; 'khril mkhan  an embracer; 'khril ldan  a plant furnished with tendrils or claspers; kha 'khril ba  in W. to speak imperfectly like children; to lisp, to stammer.
'khril ldem 	fig. very handsome and young; 'khril  union.  ldem  waving; moving.
'khril shing 	= khri shing  a climbing plant, a creeper.
'khris 	(thi) SANST, SANST near, neighbouring bank, shore, coast; also postp. 'khris su  and 'khris na  close to; very near; against: sbrel zla ba med pa rnams kyang srid skyong de'i 'khris su min pa zla yod ma gtogs rang nyid gcig por gzhung las mi byed| one should not singly (venture) to do Government work unless assisted by a colleague under the king (D. Shel. 12).  Syn. 'gram ; rtsar ; drung  (Moon.).
'khris 'dzin 	ra gan  SANST brass.
'khru ba 	(thu-wa) = 'khrud pa  SANST to wash; to bathe: 'khrur 'jug pa  SANST, SANST causing to be washed.
'khru ba gcod pa 	SANST stoppage of looseness or diarrhúa.
'khru gzhi 	1. diarrhúa.  2. 'khru sbyongs , 'khru nad , 'khru skyug  SANST diarrhúa with vomiting.
'khrug *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 121).
'khrug gos 	= go cha  or go khrab  war-dress; coat of mail (Moon.).
'khrug lnga pa 	the drumming to battle; stated (Moon.) to mean also gYul gyi sar 'byung ba'i sgra skad  the clamour which arises on the battle-field.
'khrug pa 	(thug-pa) SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. vb. pf. 'khrugs pa , cf. dkrug pa 3, 3bkrug pa 3 to be in commotion; commotion; to be disturbed; to be panic-stricken: 'khrug par mi 'gyur ba  SANST will not become angry; get disordered: rtsa thams cad 'khrag tu bcug  it made all his veins disordered (blood to boil).  2. to be angry; also to quarrel, fight, contend: de gnyis 'khrug nas  the two quarrelling.  Also as sbst. fight, disruption, row: 'khrug pa shor  disorder arose; quarrel took place.  'khrug pa byed pa  to show fight; to take up arms; to rebel: 'khrug pa byed pa'i dus su  in times of war: dmag 'khrug  = 'thab 'khrug  war.  mi 'khrugs pa  a name of Buddha, who does not become agitated or ruffled at heart.  'khrug pa'i sa gzhi  = gYul gyi sa gzhi  or dmag gi sa gzhi  battle-field (Moon.).
'khrug dpon 	= dmag dpon  general; commanding in war.
'khrug long 	= skyo ngogs   1. contest, strife.  2. gYul sprod pa  or dmag 'thab pa  (Moon.).
'khrugs 	(thug) defined as sa lta bu gYo 'gul chen po byung ba , quaking, trembling, shaking (Moon.): 'khrugs mkhan  in W. having small cracks, flaws, of potter's ware (J‰.): 'khrugs pa  = sdang ba  also khong nas ldang ba  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST was stirred up, agitated, confused, also rage, anger; greatly angry; passionate.  'khrugs tshad  fever caused by overwork and fatigue.
'khrugs long 	SANST war, fight: 'khrug las  work of dispute; quarrel.
'khrung ba 	(thuo-wa) or 'khrungs pa  resp. for skye ba  SANST, SANST  1. to be born: sku 'khrung ba  = sku bltams pa  to be born; also the birth of a great man, prince or lama: 'khrungs rabs  = skyes rabs  SANST birth stories or legends connected with one's birth.  2. to arise; come from: khyed rang gi thugs la 'khrungs pa'i tshig  words as they may just arise in the mind of yourself; ting nge 'dzin 'khrungs pas  meditation arising: snying rje thugs la 'khrungs pa  compassion arose in his mind.  3. to come up, shoot, sprout, grow (of seeds and plants) (J‰.).
'khrungs rabs gsol 'debs 	reverence shown to a great lama or saint by enumerating the names of his supposed successive embodiments.
'khrud pa 	(thud-pa) SANST, pf. 'khrus , fut. bkru , to wash; to cleanse; to bathe; to wash off: gos dri ma 'khrud par byed  the dirt of clothes should be washed out: nad la bshal snan btang nas 'khrud par byed  in illness, by giving purgatives, one may be cleansed: 'khrud par byed  cause to be washed.
'khrud ma 	the washings of plates and dishes after dinner, which are given to pigs, dogs, &c.
'khrun chod 	(thun-chod) = don dag thag chod  finally deciding or determining any matter (J. Zao.: dmag dang kha mchu lta bu thag chod  to decide upon a war or a law suit.
'khrun mtho ba 	= 'phang mtho ba  of high rank.
'khrun ring +	= skyus su ring ba  lengthwise; in length.
'khrul 	I: (thul) or 'khrul pa  SANST, SANST,  1. SANST, sbst. mistake; frenzy; madness; error; illusion; also adj. mistaken; deranged; deluded: 'khrul kyis bogs pa ma yin  mistakes are not profitable; 'gro ba 'khrul pa  the deluded beings (of this world); 'khrul ba  to be mistaken; to be deceived: rang snang 'khrul par 'dug  I have mistaken; it was a deception of the senses; snang 'khrul 'am 'khrul snang  illusion; delusion: 'khrul snang can  delusive; erring: as a syn. of nor ba : khyod cag 'khrul pa'i 'jig rten pa  deluded children of the world!  2. to be insane, deranged.  Syn. of snos pa 'khrul so  occasion for making mistake; wrong way; peril.  II: (thul) in the words mig 'khrul  is a little different from 'phrul ; it applies to moral or intellectual mistakes as distinct from external blunders.  In the same manner it differs from the word nor ba  or nor 'khrul .  nor ba  applies to external or phenomenal blunders: nang gi sems ma 'khrul na phyi yi bya ba mi nor| if the inner heart does not err, one's doings in the outside world will also not be wrong; SANST ignorance: ma rig 'khrul ba'i dbang gis 'khor bar 'khyams  by the influence of unrighteous errors (we) wander in the cycles of existence.
'khrul 'khor 	SANST machine; contrivance; artifice.  Acc. to Cs. this is same as 'phrul 'khor .
'khrul 'khor *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 12a.).
'khrul 'khor khyim 	v. btson khang 3 a prison-house (Moon.).
'khrul 'khor mkhan 	a juggler.
'khrul dga' 	(wrongly for 'phrul dga' ) lha gnas  SANST n. of a celestial mansion.
'khrul snang 	v. 'khrul ba'i snang ba , illusive vision or exhibition.  Syn. 'khrul pa'i sems , 'khrul pa'i yid  (Moon.).  (EEE 'khrul ba'i snang ba  does not occur elsewhere in the dictionary but see 'khrul snang  under 'khrul 3.)
'khrul byed ma 	bud med 'dod ma'i ming  a woman that decoys others.
'khrul med 	v. nor med  or 'chug med 3, unmistakeably; without mistake.
'khrul zhig 	, stong nyid rtogs pa'i bla ma 'am gang zag  a lama or any person who meditates on the theory of emptiness (i.e., the voidity of all nature).
'khrul gzhi 	cause or basis of error; fundamental mistake.  It is usually illustrated thus: If one mistakes a fine rope for a snake, the rope is the basis or cause of mistake, and 'khrul shes  is the idea or notion of a snake conveyed to the mind by the sight of the rope: thag pa mthong nas sbrul 'dzin gyi shes pa skyes pa ni 'khrul shes yin te|de bzhin du bdag cag ma rig 'khor ba'i sems can rnams mi bden pa bden par bzung |mi rtag pa la rtag pa bzung |sdug bsngal ba la bde bar bzung ste 'khrul 'khor ba 'di yin| in the same manner we animated beings, deluded by Avidya, mistake falsehood for truth, the transient for the permanent, misery for happiness; hence this transmigratory existence.
'khrul yas 	(grangs ) a very large number.
'khregs 	= sra ba  SANST very stiff or hard.
'khren pa 	(then-pa) = zhen pa  desire; passion; to wish; to long for:  1.  zas skom 'khran pa  to wish for food and drink.  2. to look upon with envy; jealousy (J‰.).
'khro ba 	pf. khros  to be angry.
'khrol ba 	(thol-wa), pf. and fut. dkrol , imp. khrol   1. to cause to sound; to make a noise; play: rol mo 'khrol ba  to play on a musical instrument; dril bu 'grol ba  to ring a bell.  2. vb. intrans. to sound; resound: kha rud dkrol  the avalanche resounded; rgyu long 'khrog shing  a rumbling in the bowels (Med.); spo 'khrog  in the belly: 'khrog khrog  roaring; rushing; buzzing (J‰.).
'khrogs 	dislocated: rgan mo bus tshig 'khrogs kyang 'gro snying 'dod  the old women yet wishes to walk, though her knee has been dislocated (Rdsa. 17.).
ga 	I: is the third letter of the Tibetan alphabet corresponding with Sanskrit SANST.  It is pronounced as soft k when alone or when placed without a prefix at the beginning of a word or syllable.  When used as a final letter it sounds as k or is often barely pronounced.  If a prefix precede ga  or if it carry a surmounting letter it sounds as a hard g.  When use to represent a numerical figure it signifies the third, i.e., the ordinal III, and as such is generally used in marking volumes of books, &c.  ga  is sometimes used as an affixed particle of a word to complete it, as in yal ga  the branch of a tree.  II: in mystical language signifies born of a goat; also a he-goat: bsang skad la ra skyes yin  (K. g. kha, 28).  III: 1. in mystic Buddhism ga  means the hidden entity or the essence of Buddha: ga zhes pa ni de bzhin gshegs pa'i gsang ba'i snying po ste|sems can thams cad la sangs rgyas kyi rang bzhin yod ces pa'o|| that which is styled ga being the hidden essence of the Tathagata, it may be said (ces pa ) that all sensate beings have the nature of Buddha (K. my. ka 207).  2. ga ni bgrod dang bgrod min yin  as to ga it moves and it is also motionless: rken yag ga yin sgra yi ngo bo nyid  "the cause is ga, the real nature or origin of sound" (Hbrom. 88).  Again we read definitions of this sort: ga ni gang la gang gang chags med pa  "that which belongs to no place anywhere is ga" (Hbrom. 88).
ga khral 	tax, duty (on cattle, butter, &c.) (J‰.).
ga ga 	a title of honour in W. (J‰.).
ga ga tshil 	tickling: ga ga tshil byed pa , to tickle: sngon grwa pa bcu drug gis grwa pa gcig la ga ga tshil byas pas|rang dbang med par gad mo mang po shor nas rlung gyen du 'chugs te dus la bab bo|| in ancient time sixteen monks tickled one monk and from the excessive laughter he involuntarily sent forth, the mystic wind passing upwards inside him, his end came (K. du. ca, 228).
ga ge mo +	1. n. of a certain place in Tibet.  2. che ge mo  such a one; such a thing; such and such (Cs.).
ga gon 	SANST  1. one of the two merchants whom Buddha met immediately after his six years' asceticism under the Bodhi tree.  2. ga gon gyi rgyal po  SANST the king of a country in Southern India.  3. a melon (acc. Cs., Lex., cucumber; others; barley) (J‰.).
ga 'grig 	a saddle; sga sgrig  equipment of a riding horse.
ga cen 	or ga chen  some or a good many; good deal (J‰.).
ga chad 	involuntarily; without cause, e.g., to weep (Med., J‰.).
ga chad pa 	fatigued; very tired; yi mug ga chad pa|'u thug ga chad pa  giving up in despair; being quite exhausted (D.R.).
ga snyod 	SANST cummin seed, Nigella Indica.
ga ta á	SANST or SANST ga ta'i sde tshan  a kind of Indian handwriting, evidently referring to the Gatha or Kaithi character, in which the original Magadhi used to be written.  The Tibetan ga  is ordinarily pronounced as K, hence ka ta  or kaithi.
ga da á	SANST a club; a mace.
ga dur 	an astringent medicinal root: rims dang glo tshad rtsa nad sel  it removes remittent fever, diseases of the lungs and of the bowels.
ga dor 	= gwa dor  also go dor  the tender growth of fresh horn in the three animals, rhinoceros, stag, and antelope: khwa dor gsum gyis rnag dang chu ser skem| the three ga dor dry up pus and yellowish discharges: sha ba'i ga dor  the growth of a new branch on a stag's horn (Sch.).
ga 'dras 	= gang 'dras  (colloq. "g·nde") how? of what kind? what sort?
ga na 	gang na  SANST where?  ga na ba  and gang na ba , the same as a sbst., the whereabouts of a person, his place of residence: rgyal po ga na bar der song | he went here where the king was.
ga na med 	(in W.) absolutely; at all events: ga na med bkal dgos  it must be sent by all means: ga na med log ste btang yin| I shall give it back at all events (J‰.).
ga Na pa ti á	SANST lha chen tshogs bdag gi ming  the name of the great God, called the Lord of the Multitude (Soag.).
ga ba ta ba ri Ni á	SANST [SANST small cardamom].  Also the n. of a flower (K. kon. ka 4).
ga bur á	I: 1. n. of several plants, probably Gentiana cherayta, Curcuma, Zerumbet, &c.  2. sting zil ga bur  is a kind of stone like pho cong sting zil  (Mio. 4).  II: SANST, SANST camphor; shel ga bur  crystal-like camphor; mang ga bur  camphor resembling yak's lard in appearance; ga bur tsha ba rgyas pa thog 'bab gcod  camphor, where the fever has increased, cures by lowering its height; rnying zhing shan pa'i tsha ba rtsa nad gcod  it also cures long-standing fever and disease of the fundament; ga bur ti los glo rims tshad pa sel| the kind of camphor called Tilo cures inflamation of the lungs and fever.  Syn. kha ba'i phye ma ; 'od dkar can ; nus ldan ; sprin gyi snying po ; zla ba'i thal ba ; ro'i ge sar ; shing gi snying po  (Moon.).
ga bur nag po 	defined as phag brun me la bsregs pa'i thal ba   1. the ashes of the burnt dung of pigs.  2. a secret name (Mio. 4).  (EEE The headword in the original is given as ga pur nag po  but this is an error.  The transliteration "ga-bur nag-po" given in the original and the dictionary context confirms this.)
ga bur 'dzin pa 	SANST meton. zla ba  the moon.
ga bra 	n. of a medicine; a twig; also the fresh shoot on a tree: ga bra rlung tshad rims nad sel bar byed| (this medicine) removes the epidemic fevers and the heat induced by rluo (wind).
ga mu á	from the Sans. SANST go; in mystical language go or go away! (K. g. kha 27).
ga mo byi la 	n. of species of wild cat: ga mo byi las nyal nas byi'u 'dzin  the ga-mo byi-la catches little birds by lying in wait (Rdsa.).
ga tsam 	= ji tsam  how much; how many; how long; interr. and correl., as much as, e.g., as much as you like.
ga btson 	(in W.) an irruption of the skin (J‰.).
ga tshod 	how much; colloq. "rin di ka tsˆ" what is the price; how much? In Sikkim gong-di ka-dzˆ-mo? (Snd. Hbk.).
ga dzan ta 	SANST a precious stone used in curing infectious fevers and other diseases, also to relieve one from the influence of malignant spirits.
ga zha 	= ga gzha'  or ga sha  more properly the last word, i.e., ga sha  signifies bzhad gad  a laughter, jest, joke: ga zha dang rtsed mo rtse  they jest and play: de ring ga zha mi 'dug  he is not in good humour, or in good spirits, today (J‰.); also "today there is no fun."
ga zug 	(in W.) how, interr. and correl. (J‰.).
ga gzi 	squinting (in W.).
ga'u 	SANST an amulet; a brooch containing charms (v. gam 3).  Syn. kha sbyar  (Moon.).
ga'u kha sbyar 	charm box the lids of a which are joined edge to edge: mi dbang khyer bzhugs shin tu dben pa ni|gnam sa ga'u kha sbyar lta bus mdzes| O Mi-wang (O king), thy residence is very solitary and so beautiful, as if the heaven and the earth kiss each other there, like the lids of an amulet (Hbrom. 89).
ga'u le 	account book; list (of cases, also of cash and balance); also a short note kept on the margin: logs su  in a separate place that is not in the body of a book, but on the foot or margin or corner, i.e., zur du  of a book or note book: zla tshes grangs 'di tsam rdzong gi khur len byed pa'i bar la khrims shags 'di tsam byung zer ba'i 'bor che chung khyon bsdoms nas byas byung slar gyi ga'u ler 'jog pa  since the date of the mouth, etc., of taking over charge of the Rdsoo (District office) as many criminal cases as may be, and the receipts large and small all bound together should be kept in the registration book (Rtsii; G. Sndg.).
ga ya gu ri'i mdo á	a Sutra delivered by the Buddha on the mountain of Gaya Gauri.  (EEE The headword in the original is given as ga ya ga ri'i mdo  but this is an error and that is confirmed by the transliteration "Ga-ya gau-rihi mdo" given in the original.  In fact, the name is correctly spelled ga yAa gu ri'i mdo )
ga yig 	SANST the letter SANST g.
ga ra kha tNa Du la'i rtsa ba á	SANST excellent rice; the root of a kind of plant: ga ra kha tNa Du la'i rtsa ba dang rta dri dang til dang nas dang bu ram ro mnyam por byas nas zos na gzhon nu bar 'gyur ro  by taking a confection made of equal quantities of the root of Garka Tandula rta-dri, sesame, barley and treacle, one becomes youthful (K. g. ca 45).
ga ri 	for dga' ris , ga zha  (in W.) dejected: ga ri mi rag  I am in low spirits (J‰.).
ga ru 	in colloquial gang du  whither; which way; to which place; where?
ga ru Da á	SANST; = khyung  the fabulous chief of the feathered race.
ga re 	1. in Lhasa very com. colloq. form for "what," sounded k·re.  2. where, whence: ga re 'di 'dra aa kyang rang drag byung | whence comes this oppression, over-powering (Rdsa. 10).
ga ro 	rgya gar da yod pa'i yul zhig gi ming | n. of a place in India; the Garo hills (Dsam. 28).
ga la 	1. SANST whither: bcom ldan 'das ga la ba der logs su thal mo sbyor ba btud  SANST with the palms of the hands joined he bowed in the direction where the Victorious One was.  2. = ji la  for what; owing to what: ga la phan  to what does this serve? of what use is this? ga la 'gro gin yin pa  where are (you or they) going?
ga la go li ka á	SANST n. of an insect which subsists, it is said, by inhaling the air only (K. d. za 464).
ga le 	SANST slowly, softly, gently.  To a departing guest one says: ga le pheb  "ka-le pe'p" go gently.  To the host you answer: ga le bzhugs  "ka-le shu"stay quietly, remain in peace!  ga le shog  come slowly or gently: gtam dpe la ga le ga le 'gro na bong bus rgya nag bskor nas yong | it is a common saying (in Tibet) that by walking slowly and slowly the ass can travel all round China.
ga log 	(in W.) squinting.
ga sha 	I: laughter: gad mo bgad , ga shar bcug  to cause laughter.  II: n. of a place in Upper Tibet (A. 20).  III: v. ga zha 3 SANST a raiment used by Tantrik priests.  IV: a string of beads; a necklace; a string of human skulls or bone-bits worn by Tantrik Lamas:- kha nas khrag 'dzag mi mgo'i phreng ba yi ga sha rab 'phyang mi bzod bdud dpung gi nga rgyal dregs pa 'joms pa khyod la bstod  blood drops from her mouth, a string of human heads hangs down from her neck, to thee be my praise who hast subdued the intolerable pride and arrogance of the host of demons (Choi-g.).
ga sha sgrog 	loud laughter; ga sha sgrog cing glu gar rol mo 'bul| loudly laughing they danced, sang, and made music (A. 11).
ga shar 	1. defined in these passages; phyogs gcig dpung pa la ; phyogs gcig mtshan 'og la ; gzhu dkar gcig ga shar gyon pa  (A. 135).  Girth or rope hung across the breast and the shoulder in order to draw or carry anything; also a dog harness; a shoulder-belt worn as a badge of dignity by constables and the like officers.  2. sgom thag  the cord worn round the shoulder and the waist at the time of meditation.  ga shar dang gsham thabs kyi mdzes pa  (D.R.) Looking nice (on account) of (his) ga-shar and petticoat.
ga shas 	= kha shas  some; part; a few, com. in colloq.
ga shed 	1. prob. gang shed  uncertain; not definitely known.  2. an approximate but uncertain direction, region or quarter: ga shed gcig la yod  it is at a certain place; it is somewhere: zhib mo mi 'chad par ga shed du yud kyi song | without explaining minutely (i.e., the particulars), he proceeded instantly somewhere (A. 135).
ga shel 	glass beads; glass pearls (Sch.).
gA 	n. of a Dakini, a goddess (K. g. kha, 179).
gwa pa 	the white mark or patch on the forehead of the kyao (the wild ass of Tibet).
gag +	1. silver in bars, ingots small pieces, &c., uncoined (in W.).  2. wad; wadding (for loading muskets) (J‰.).
gag pa 	= lhog pa  or gag lhog  is a swelling in the throat; a quinsy: nad mi dang dud 'gro'i ske dang mgrin pa la skrang nas rnag thon te drag yod| is a malady of men and animals in which the neck and throat become swollen, but matter issuing forth, it is eased; gag nas shi yod  death occurs from obstruction.   ir gag lhog ces ming so sor bshad kyang ngo bo gnyan nad du gcig rims nad kyi gras  though the disease in general is differently expressed by the names gag and lhog, its real nature is but one among pestilential diseases and it belongs to the class of (SANST) fatal fevers.
gag tshe 	= bya gag  a water fowl (Cs.).
gags 	SANST obstructed.
gang ga chung 	I: a kind of flower which resembles a chorten (chaitya) in shape, growing in the sandy crevices of rocks in Tibet.  It is used as an antidote against poison and also diarrhúa, gYa' gseb bye ma'i logs la skye|gang ga chung gis dug dang tsha 'khru gcod|.
gang gA 	ga]…  SANST the river Ganges; gang gA'i lha mo  SANST the goddess of the river Gaoga.  Its different names are:- yan lag brgyad ldan , 'chi med chab , nam mkha'i chu bo , drag po'i thod , dza hu'i bu mo  (SANST), rgyun gsum pa , lam gsum 'gro , glang chen kha 'bab  (SANST), 'jigs sde ma , khyab 'jug rkang pa , chu byin ma , skal ldan shing rta'i bu mo  (SANST), lha yi chu bo  (Moon.).
gang gA 'dzin 	I: SANST an epithet of Siva.  He who holds Gaoga on his head, i.e., from whose head the Ganges flows: mtho ris kyi gnas thams cad bskal pa'i mes bsregs pa'i skabs su lha mo gang gA lhung nas byung ba na nam mkha' la ral pa brkyangs nas ral pa'i steng du bzung bas so| when all the celestial regions were burnt by the celestial regions were burnt by the fire of the Kalpa, Gaoga as goddess appeared on this earth having fallen from heaven.  Her locks were spread out in the sky and held up aloft by Siva (for which he is called Gaogadhara, the holder of Gaoga) (Moon.).  II: rgya mtsho chen po  the great ocean which holds the entire discharge of Gaoga (Moon.).
gang 	what, which.
gang gi dus 	when; at which time.
gang gi phyir 	SANST, SANST for which; for the sake or reason of which.
gang nyid 	SANST whichever; whatever.
gang 'thad 	= gang 'grigs  what (you) like; also what suits you? der tshe srog la bar du gcod pa byung na'ang 'u cag la khag mi 'byung ste gang 'thad gang rigs zhes gtso bo gcig gis smras pa| even if any accident happened to life there, to us no hardship occurring, we can do whatever suits us, so one Tso-wo expressed himself (Hbrom. 136).
gang dag 	SANST some; gang dag gi phyir  SANST for whom or what; for the sake of whom or what.
gang dag nyid 	SANST whichever.
gang dag 'dir 	SANST, SANST those two who are here; all those here; whoever present.
gang du 	SANST, SANST where? where.
gang du'ang 	SANST at whatever time; wherever; seldom; where.
gang dran dran du bshad pa 	= brdzun bshad pa  to speak at random; to say what occurs in the mind; to speak falsehood.
gang 'dra 	SANST how, like what: gang 'dra mthong  what have you seen?
gang na 	SANST where?
gang rnams kyi 	SANST of what; pertaining to what?
gang mgo 	(in C.) bowl of a tobacco-pipe; gang mjug  mouth-piece or tip of it.
gang por 	in a lump, mass.
gang ba 	I: = khengs pa  SANST to fill; to make full; filled up; also piled up: gang ba'am brtsegs pa  piled up or made full.  Syn. tshan can ; khengs ; phyur bu  (Moon.).  II: SANST, SANST finished; completed; lung chus gang ba  a valley filled with water: zla ba nya gang ba  "the moon as full fish"; in the fullness of the crescent.
gang ba med pa 	SANST incomplete.
gang ba bzang po *	SANST (Schr.; Ta.  2, 181) completely happy or gentle; also n. of a serpent demon.
gang ba'i zla ba *	SANST (Schr.; Bull. 1848, 298); lit. the full moon; n. of a Bodhisattva.
gang bu 	SANST, SANST fresh shoots of leaves; a pod or sheath; also cluster of buds.  Acc. to Sch. flower bud: 'bru gang bu can  grains which have husks such as wheat sesamum &c.: 'od zer gyi gang bur 'dril nas  enveloping himself in a veil of rays; wrapping himself in a sheath of light.
gang byed 	SANST whatever he does, has been doing, is doing.
gang mos 	SANST  1. various; different sorts.  2. gang 'dod  whatever is wished for.
gang tsam 	a small quantity; not a considerable quantity.
gang tsug yin 	= gang nas yin  or gang na sdod mkhan yin ; khyed gang tsug yin gar 'gro dri pas  he asked whence are you; whither are you going (A. 131).
gang zhig 	SANST, which.
gang zhe bstan pa 	SANST which has been explained, shewn.
gang zag 	I: (zhal zag ) tobacco pipe, not the hukka, but a long straight sort, similar to the European smoking pipe, generally made of metal.  II: SANST, SANST, SANST that which becomes full and then undergoes decay (Sam.); an animated being; a corporeal being that is subject to decay and destruction.  2. man, as an intellectual being; a person: gang zag gzhan gyis brda sprad pas  another person describing it to you (opposite to what we know by our own perception and observation), hence a philosophical term for "self": bstan bcos la mkhas pa'i gang zag rnams  learned or lettered men; men of science, especially in relation to religion: chos phyi bshol byed pa'i gang zag rnams  men who postpone religion, not troubling themselves about it: 'phags pa'i gang zag rnams kyi rgyal po  the prince of the reverend (band of) persons, i.e., Buddha: log lta can gyi gang zag  inferior heretical people: gang zag phal pa  or tha mal pa , common or vulgar people (J‰.).
gang zag bzhi 	the four kinds of human beings or higher beings are:- (1) SANST; mun khrod nas mun khrod du 'gro ba  that go on from darkness to darkness; (2) SANST; mun khrod nas snang bar 'gro ba  that go from darkness unto light; (3) SANST; snang ba nas mun khrod du 'gro ba  that go again from light into darkness; (4) SANST; snang ba nas snang bar 'gro ba  that advance from light to a greater enlightenment.  The term gang zag  has sixteen different synonyms:- bdag ; srog ; sems can ; skye ba ; gso ba ; skyes bu ; shed bdag; shes las skyes ; SANST, SANST man; byed pa po ; byed du 'jug pa po ; tshor ba po ; shes pa po ; mthong ba po ; za ba po ; slong ba po  (Moon.).  These are all applied to signify an animate being.  There are two kinds of gang zag , ordinary and extraordinary; the ordinary gang zag , literally means that which is subject to decay, from gang , what, and zag , decay.  The Buddhist meaning is as follows:- (1) rang rgyud sdig pa nyon mongs kyis gang zhing yon tan dang dge ba'i rigs gsog mi thub par zag 'gro bas sems can phal ba'i gang zag  one's own nature being filled (gang ) with sin he cannot acquire and retain virtue which zag  leaks out or decays, therefore an ordinary living being is called gang zag ; (2) rang rgyud dge ba dang bzang po'i yon tan thams cad kyis gang zhing nyon mongs kyis skyon thams cad zag 'gro bas sangs rgyas gang zag  Buddha is gang zag  because his nature is full of all virtues or merits and sin has been thrown out of it or has altogether been destroyed; (3) rang rgyud la yon tan gyi rigs gang byung ba mi nyams par byed pa dang skyon gyi rigs byung ba rnams thabs kyi zags su bcug pa ni theg chen theg dman lam zhugs pa gang zag rnams sa de yang grub mtha' smra ba dang lta ba 'dod tshul 'thar pa tsam la theg chen gang zag  when one's own nature retains whatever virtue it possessed undeteriorated and whatever faults there was in it have been thrown out from exertion, one has entered either the Mahayana or Hinayana path.  Persons in such a stage, whatever doctrine or theory they may hold for salvation, belong indeed of the Mahayana.  In gang zag  of the ordinary kind his very nature is gang i.e., filled with deeds (las), sin, suffering, and misery; moreover, all virtue and talents having become exhausted, i.e., zag , his animated being becomes what is called Pudgal.  In the strict sense of the words, a Buddha is also a Pudgala, though of the extraordinary kind, he on the contrary being full of virtues and talents and all defects, sins, &c., being exhausted in him.  The following are the twenty gang zag  (Pudgala) of the Sravaka School:- (1) SANST; rgyun du zhugs pa  one having entered the regular course performs Samadhi (deep meditation); (2) SANST; de ltar thogs na srid pa lan bdun pa  after having thus spiritually cultured the mind he has to pass into seven births in the world; (3) SANST; rigs nas rigs su skye ba  after the second stage, his birth is ensured in his own state, i.e., if he is a god he is reborn as a god, if man he is reborn as man, but he never goes to any lower stage of birth; (4) SANST; lan gcig phyir 'ong ba  (as such) he has only once to come to this world for doing good; (5) SANST; bar chad gcig pa  he has only one interruption before full fruition; (6) SANST; phyir mi 'ong pa  he will not come again to this existence; (7) SANST; bar ma dor yongs su mya ngan las 'da' ba  he will attain to Nirvana not from this life but from the intermediate state or Bardo; (8) SANST; mngon par 'du byed pa dang bcas pas yongs su mya ngan las 'da' ba  he escapes from misery save that a vestige of the Skandha still remains; (9) SANST; mngon du 'du byed par med par yongs su mya ngan las 'da' ba  he attains to Nirvana, the Skandha being utterly destroyed, i.e., without the least vestige remaining; (10) SANST; gong du 'pho ba  he will in his spiritual progress reach up to the Akanirtha heavens; (11) SANST; lus kyi mngon sum du byed  he will obtain the body of supreme intelligence or knowledge; (12) SANST dad pa'i rjes su 'brang ba  he will here have completely subdued the senses or passions; (13) SANST; chos kyi rjes su 'brang ba  all his intellectual and moral faculties become so as to be directed effectually to all good works; (14) SANST; mthong bas thob pa  having heretical views or having insight into religion; (15) SANST; dus kyis rnam bar grol ba  getting salvation in time; (16) SANST; dus dang mi sbyor bar rnam par grol ba  getting salvation not in proper time; (17) SANST; gnyis ka'i cha las rnam par grol ba  getting salvation in time as well as without reference to time; (18) SANST; skyes nas yongs su mya ngan las 'da' ba  entering into the state of Nirvana immediately after one's birth; (19) SANST; shes rab kyis rnam par grol ba  fully delivered by means of absolute or transcendental knowledge; (20) SANST delivered by means of faith.
gang ya 	a very large figure or number (Ya-sel. 56).
gang yang 	SANST, SANST whosoever; whatever; any one.
gang la 	SANST where; in whom.
gang lo 	an empty pod, freed from the kernels (in W.) (J‰.).
gang shar 	gang sems la bsam pa  anything that occurs (in the mind); what is thought; a thought.
gang su dag 	SANST whichever of those.
gangs 	SANST  1. glacier; glacier-ice.  2. snow (usually kha).  3. the sclerotic of the eye (Sch.).
gangs rgyud 	a chain of snowy mountains.
gangs can 	SANST  1. one of the native names of Tibet.  2. abounding in snow; snowy; full of glaciers: gangs can las 'byung ba'i chu  the water issuing from a glacier: gangs can gyi skad  the language of Tibet.
gangs can mkhas pa'i gtsug rgyan 	a complementary name of Tsongkha-pa, the great Buddhist reformer of Tibet whose religious name was rgyal ba blo bzang grags pa ; his other names were:- rje rin po che ; rje tsong kha pa ; gangs can shing rta ; shar tsong kha pa ; 'jam mgon bla ma .
gangs can mgon po 	or  an ras gzigs  the patron saint of Tibet, Avalokitesvara, also styled:- 'jig rten mgon po ; thugs rje chen po ; 'gro ba'i mgon po .
gangs can rgyal po 	King of Tibet; and in books occasionally applied to the Dalai Lamas of Lhasa.
gangs can rgyal po'i bsti gnas 	as also chos 'khor dpal gyi lha sa  used to designate Lhasa, the capital of Tibet (Yig. k. 31).
gangs can chen po 	sometimes applied to mountainous region covered with eternal snow extending from Ladak to the Kailas range.  Also the name of a fabulous mountainous region the chief peak of which is said to be about 1,500 miles round and filled with Yakra, Rakra and other demi-gods.
gangs chen 	any great range of snowy mountains or a great glacier; n. of a village at the south-western foot of the Kaochenjunga mountain.  gangs chen mdzod lnga  (Kanchenjunga in Sikkim) lit. the five great repositories of snow.
gangs chen chos rgyal 	the Grand Lama of Tibet; also the name of a guardian deity of Buddhism in Tibet; a name of Yama, the Lord of Death, who is worshipped in Tibet under the name of Dam-chen Chos-rgyal.
gangs ljongs yul 	= bod  Tibet.  Syn. gangs can zhing ; gangs ri ra ba'i skor ba'i zhing khams ; gangs can sa lAa'i snan ljongs  (Moon. and Yig. k.).
gangs 'bab 	avalanche; it snows.
gangs spal 	also called dkyil 'khor  SANST, the snow lizard with circular marks on its skin resembling the common Indian lizard (Lex.); a frog of fabulous origin: the male frog is said to live on the top of the snowy mountains and the female frog in the abyss of the deep gorge below the mountain; when the sun passes over the tropic of cancer (karkata or crab), the male frog descends to the foot of the mountain and the female frog ascends there to meet him midway.  Before meeting each other the male frog remains more powerful; but after they have united, the female becomes the stronger of the two (Sman.).
gangs ri 	I: SANST, SANST snowy mountain or snow-mountainsóa common designation for many of the great ranges in Tibet; gangs nyi shu  the twenty principal mountains of Tibet:- (1) thang lha , (2) ti se , (3) mang mkhar , (4) bu le , (5) star sgo , (6) pho la , (7) mkha' ri , (8) jo mo kha rag , (9) rdo rje , (10) gang bzang , (11) rtse rdum , (12) la phyi , (13) tshe ring , (14) sna nam , (15) te sgro , (16) 'od de gung rgyal , (17) yar lha sham po , (18) gsal rje , (19) ha bo gangs bzang , (20) tsa ri nga la'i gangs  (kathao. ka, 168).  II: shu dag dkar po  n. of a vegetable drug (Moon.).
gangs srag 	= gangs 'phred  along or across the glacier.
gangs srul 	an avalanche; a slip in the snowy side of a mountain; a snow slip.
gangs thig 	n. of a stone or mineral substance resembling stone; it is said to be a cure for fever that is produced from the liver.
gangs pa she'u 	the name of a celebrated lama and philosopher of the Kadampa School of Tibet.
gnya ji ra 	lit. possessed of treasure or mdzod ldan ; an ornamental pinnacle on a temple, house or chorten constructed after the prescribed model given in Buddhist books.  This is a Sanskrit word though sometimes Tibetanized, being written as 'gan 'ji ra .
gad 	in gser gad   1. pure, genuine, unalloyed.  2. a rock.
gad skyibs 	a rock cavern; a place of shelter under the cleft or nook of a rock: dngul gyi ljang pa de rnams gad skyibs shig tu bzhag  kept the bars of silver in the nook of a rocky hill.
gad kha 	SANST wide, broad; breadth; with breadth.
gad mo 	SANST a laughing; laughter: gad mo dgod  SANST utters a laugh; gad mo bgad byung  I have laughed; gad mo bgad song  he has laughed; gad mo rgod  to laugh; gad mo shor byung  laughter sprang forth; gad mo shor song  idem; gad mos 'debs pa  to laugh at a person; 'jig rten pa'i gad mo  laughter of worldly-minded people: nga'i gad mo'i gnas  this is to me an object of laughter; it is ridiculous to me (J‰.).  gad rgyangs can  SANST.  bsdigs pa'i gad mo  (SANST Ha Ha) loud laughter; sdig pa'i gad mo  (SANST hi hi) coquettish laugh; dgyes pa'i gad mo  (SANST he he) laugh of merriment or rejoicing; zil gyis gnon pa'i gad mo  SANST a laughter of triumph; khro bo'i bzhad pa brgyad  the eight laughs of indignation and wrath, &c.
gad rgyal 	the walls of conglomerate rock through which mountain torrents have cut their way.
gad snyigs 	dust; refuses; swept out: phyags mas gad snyigs phyags| sweep with a broom the dust, refuse, etc. (Oag.).
gad dar 	sweeping, cleansing; gad dar byed pa  cleansing; sweeping well a place; keeping it clean.  Syn. phyag dar ; byi dor ; gad dar ; gtsang bar byed ; rdul 'phangs  (Moon.).
gad mda' la 	n. of a mountain; the lowlands at the foot of a Gad.
gad mdal la tshun 	this side of the mountain called Gad-dala.
gad pa 	I: or gad mkhan  a sweeper; a cleanser; phyag bdar byed mkhan|gad ma chu ma sogs phogs dgos rigs| the class (of menial servants) requiring wages (such as) sweepers, dusters and water carriers.  gad gtsang ma  any place or object well dusted or cleansed.  II: 1. a precipitous cliff of conglomerate such as often walls in the mountain rivers.  2. wide crack in a conglomerate rock.
gad phug 	a cavern or cleft in a conglomerate rock: gzhung gis stag dkar gyi gad phug tu zhag lnga bzhugs  meanwhile they halted for five days in the rocky cavern of Stag-dkar.
gan 	= rtsar  near: ded dpon de'i gan du song ste dris pa  going near to the chief of the merchants (caravan), he asked.  gan  ( = gam  in C.) signifying nearness, proximity; is used in such connection as gan du  to, towards, up to: nga'i gan du shog  come up to me; rgyal po'i gan du  he went unto the king; khang pa'i gan du song  he went towards the house; rgyal po'i gan nas phyin  he came from the king; dog po gan du  in W. close by the brook; chur gan du  in W. hard by the water; rir gan pa  one living close to a mountain or hill.
gan kyal 	or gan rkyal  SANST supine; lying on the back with the face upward: gan kyal du nyal ba  to lie in that position: gan kyal du 'gyel ba  to fall on the back.
gan rgya 	= 'gan rgya  vulg. gam rgya , a written contract; an agreement (Cs.).
gan dar 	a silk handkerchief offered as a present in exchanging compliments on meeting (Sch.).
gan Z £ dra á	SANST, a kind of drug used in liver derangement.
gan Z ri'i sngags á	SANST a Buddhist mantra or charm which has the power of enabling one to move in space.
gan Zo la á	SANST, SANST the temple of fragrance; hall of worship built after the model of a chaitya with many doors.  It is generally attached to a great monastery.  In Tibetan it is called dri gtsang khang , the name being applied to the particular chapel where the image of Buddha is placed.  The great temple of Buddha at Gaya was called Maha gandhola Caitya.  phyi gan Zo la nang du lha khang byas pa  its inside was a god's house or chapel and the outside a gandhola.
gan ¥i á	SANST a mineral substance used as a cure for leprosy.
gNa Ta'i tog á	or gan thi par na  a medicinal plant.
gNa Ti á	SANST a piece of thick plank measuring about 6 feet by 12 inches either of white sandal-wood or of deodar, which when struck with a hammer or another piece of thick hard wood, produces a kind of ringing sound which is heard from a great distance.  It is used on special occasions to summon the monks of a monastery to attend any special religious service, &c.
gan gYog 	or gNa Ti the'u  SANST the rod or hammer with which the ghanti (wooden gong) is struck or beaten.
gaº pa si á	(mystic) avarice; greed for gain (K. g. kha 26).
gaºi á	SANST in books the gong or bell to call monks to monastic services.
gan mdzod 	= bang mdzod  store-room, store-house.
gab khung +	defined as pus mo'i rgyab kyi sgy id khung  the cavities behind the knee bones.
gab sgra 	a belch (in W.) (J‰.).
gab pa 	to hide; to conceal one's self: rgyal ba'i 'byung gnas 'di yon tan thams cad gab nas mi ston par gda' bas .  This Rgyal-wahi hbyuo-gnas having concealed all his talents does not exhibit them (Hbrom. kha 2).  Syn. yib pa ; spas pa ; gYogs pa ; mi mngon par bya ba  (Moon.).
gab phyung 	n. of a religious treatise on the occult doctrine of Buddhism.
gab tse 	= gab rtse  SANST or gab tshe  a plan or table of points for computing the figures of divination in magical computations.  In this connection, sa la gnas pa'i sa bdag gi rtsis  refers to calculating the identity and deeds of mischief done by a local "god of the soil."  Again bar snang la gnas pa'i bza' skar gyi rtsis  refers to astrological calculations worked with the gab-tse.  gzhan yang sku yi gab tse  is a mystic chart used for bodily prognostics; gsung gi gab tse  one for the speech; thugs kyi gab tse dang  one for the heart.   ir gab tse la sa yi gab tse gnam gyi gab tse bar gyi gab tse sogs kyi tha snyad mang po yod  In the general term gab-tseare included many particular significations, that for the soil, that for sky, that for the intermediate space, etc.
gab tshad 	slow, insidious fever; according to Sch. a hectic, consumptive fever.
gab tshig 	SANST, SANST riddle; also mystical words or expressions used in magic to stupify one's enemies without killing them.  Also the 16 ornamental mystical allusions employed to excite laughter in a play, etc., and to convey hidden meanings in an assembly, etc.  The names of these are as follows:- kun tu tshogs pa'i gab tshig ; de bzhin du slu byed kyi rim pa dang bral ba'i gab tshig ; rab bcom gyi gab tshig ; mthun gzugs kyi gab tshig ; rtsub mo'i gab tshig ; grangs kyi gab tshig ; rab btags kyi gab tshig ; ming du 'dus pa'i gab tshig ; sgrib pa'i gab tshig ; mthun pa'i sgra'i gab tshig ; rmongs pa'i gab tshig; yongs phrogs kyi gab tshig ; gcig bsgribs kyi gab tshig ; gnyis ka bsgribs pa'i gab tshig ; yongs 'dres kyi gab tshig .
gab yig 	1. in the medicinal works of Tibet the names of certain drugs and medicines are written in words which are not ordinarily understood, having secret meanings assigned to them.  2. in figurative language, meanings of names and words which are not ordinarily understood.  Such are called gab ming  i.e., secret names.
gab sa 	spas sa  or yib sa  hiding-place; place of concealment: gser mang po khur 'ongs pa la gab sa dang 'gro sa ni med  we came bringing much gold with us, but we were without a hiding-place or a place to go to (A. 120).
gam 	SANST near, v. gan 3.  Syn. gam yo ; drung ; nye 'khor  (Moon.).
gam gum 	a number, grangs gnas  (Ya-sel. 57).
gam spangs 	panels or little boards beneath the cornice of a roof, often filled up with paintings (J‰.).
gam bu ra á	SANST in W. a citron; lemon (J‰.).
gam 'brog 	a dairy in the neighbourhood of one's residence.  gam 'brog rgyang 'brog bzang ba rtsa yi dge|.  Near and distant dairy farms become thriving through the abundance of pastures (Jig.).
gam 'dzin 	abbr. of gan rgya dang 'dzin , a receipt, acknowledgment; the letter of transfer, exchange, &c., for buying and selling or transaction of money business, &c.: gam 'dzin byed pa 'dod sbyar gyi bkod pa go brda' 'phrod nges  certainly, the receipt and the deed of agreement should be satisfactorily explained (Rtsii.).
gam yo +	(gam gYog ) = nye 'khor  attendant.
ga'u 	SANST  1. a little box or case; when containing a talisman or amulet, it is worn suspended round the neck.
gar 	I: or gar bro  SANST, SANST, SANST dance; acting in a dramatic play; gesticulation; gar bas bskor  surrounded by dancing girls or actors; gar byed pa  to dance; glu gar rtsed mo byed pa  to sing; to dance and play; gar zas  the food given to performers; gar 'khrab mkhan gyi zas la  for the food of those who perform dancing; gar la dga' ba  very fond of dancing; gar la blta  SANST attending a dance; witnessing a performance.  II: the encampment of an army; camp.  III: or ga ru  or gang du  whither; where; gar yang  anywhere: gar yang skye ba  growing anywhere: gar yang mi 'gro ba  to go nowhere.  gar med  in W. at all events; by all means; ga na med  or gar bab  at random; haphazard (Sch.).
gar gyi ltad mo 	SANST dancing entertainment or amusement.
gar gyi dbang po 	= grub chen  or rnam 'byor pa chen po  a yogi or ascetic engaged in meditation: sku mchog gar gyi dbang po mdzes brjid ngoms shing  your holiness the lord of the dancers (peacock), equal in beauty and splendour (Yig. k. 28).
gar gyi gtso bo 	= glu gar gyi mkhan po  or gtso bo  teacher or director of a dance or dancing performance (Moon.).
gar mkhan 	or bro mkhan  SANST dancer  1. dancer, performer, e.g., even a Buddha or any saint dances when displaying miracles.  2. name of a god, acc. to Sch. Siva (J‰.).
gar mkhan ma 	= gar ma  SANST, SANST dancing girl.  The thirteen modulations of voice or musical notes: (1) gar ma  SANST; (2) rol rtsed ma  SANST; (3) dal ma  SANST; (4) myur ma  SANST; (5) bar ma  SANST; (6) tshig rdeg ; SANST; (7) bya ba'i dus  SANST; (8) bya ba'i tshad  SANST; (9) ta  a  (SANST) reality; (10) o M  (SANST) flow; (11) M ni  SANST compact; (12) la ya  (SANST) absorption; adherence; (13) sAa mya  (SANST) equality.
gar 'cham 	the frantic dance of the lamas of Tibet which is chiefly observed by the rnying ma  schools of Tibet.  It is of two kinds phur pa'i rtsa 'cham  the dance of the enchanted club, and 'khrub 'cham  the dance of the lamas at the time of offering sacrifice.  (EEE The transliteration of the headword in the original is given as "gar-cham" but it should be "gar-hcham"; the headword as shown is correct.)
gar stabs 	dancing gesture or motion.
gar pa 	SANST a dancer; also a dance.
gar rgyab 	encampment; gar rgyab pa  to encamp; also for gang rgyab , rdo mda' sogs gar rgya  fling at him stone or arrow, etc., whatever (you can) (Hbrom. kha 6).
gar cig +	= gang zhig  which one; whichever one.
gar gdong btsan 	the famous general of King srong btsan sgam po , who visited the capital of China and induced Emperor Taitsung to give one of the princesses imperial in marriage to his sovereign, about 630 A.D.
gar rdeb 	chus khyer gar rdeb sogs la  lands, fields, houses, &c., that have been devastated by a river by the over-flowing of its banks, &c. (Rtsii.).
gar nag 	name of a medicine.
gar po 	I: in colloq. language the word dkar po  is pronounced as gar po  and also written as such.  It is usual to pronounce dkar po  as gar po  in the vulgar language (Grub. tha 2).  II: SANST also gar mo , thick; dense; condensed; not fluid.
gar ba 	1. bska ba  SANST astringent.  2. strong; gar chang  strong beer (J‰.).
gar btsan 'phags pa 	name of a monastery and also of a deity in Tibet (Jig. 3.).
grdza á	or bi grdza , SANST, SANST n. of a tree or kind of wood shing  (K. ko. ka, 3).
gar zha 	the native name of the district called La-hul or La-hol by the Hindus (J‰.).
gar log 	acc. to the Tibetans rapacious mountain tribes belonging to the far north-east of Tibet.  tu ruSa ka zhes pa bod skad du gar log yin zhes li shi gur khang du bshad yod  those styled in the Tibetan tongue Gar-log are described in the Li-si Gur-khang as Turushka.  The gar log  were a different people from the mgo log .  gar log gi rgyal po la sku lus btang bas chos phyir srog kyang btong ba'i rgyal po yin|.  In Atisa's biography it is mentioned that the King of the Gar-log in the first part of the 11th century, A.D., came from the Indian side and made the King of Tibet a captive when he was there on a visit to Purang.  Probably they were the earliest Mohammedan invaders of Kashmir.
gar sha 	the muscles of the thumb (Med.) (J‰.).
gal +	I: = nan  pressing; gal gyis  pressingly, urgently.  II: importance gal du 'dzin pa  to consider of importance; to esteem. Syn. gnad ; mdo  (Moon.).  III: 1. constraint; compulsion: nga la gal byung | in C. "I have been compelled" (J‰.).  2. trap; snare: in colloq.  gal 'dzug pa  to set a snare (J‰.).  IV: v. gang la la 3.
gal 'gag 	= gnad 'gag  important; gal 'gag che ba  very important.
gal chung 	unimportant; insignificant; undervalued; slighted.
gal che ba 	very important: tshe 'di dang phyi ma gnyis las phyi ma gal che ba  of the two, this life and the future, the latter is of greater importance: don med 'khyams 'gro ba las yon tan bslab na gal che  it is of greater importance to acquire accomplishments than to go roving about without purpose: bslab bya gal che ba  important moral precepts.  Syn. gnad che ba ; rtse che ba ; khag che ba ; gtso che ba  (Moon.).
gal te 	conj. if; in case of; implies a conditional possibility.  It is placed as the first word in a conditional sentence while na , its complement, stands after the verb at the end; together they signify "if."  gal te, however, is sometimes omitted, na  still meaning "if."  In colloq. expression gal te  is seldom used; but "gal-shi" is a common substitute: gal te bde ba kun 'dod na|'dod pa thams cad yongs su spangs| if you wish to enjoy all happiness, you must entirely leave off all desire: gal te rtag tu mdza' 'dod na|pho nya nor gyi khe spogs dang |yid ches chung ma la blta ba|nyes pa gsum po spang bar bya| if you wish at all times to live in friendship (with the three Holies), you should avoid the three dangers, viz. of looking at your loving wife, thinking of profit, and confiding in an envoy.
gal mdo 	= gal 'gag  or gnad 'gag   1. really, essentially of importance.  2. n. of disease (Med.).
gal po 	probably same as gal .  gal po che'i bza' dpon  the important, indispensable master of the house (family).
gal ba 	to force, to press some thing on a person: mi la btson gal  indoor confinement is forced on men (J‰.).
gal bar byed pa 	btson btang ba  SANST, SANST to be assiduous.
gal bzung 	(lit. got hold of the important thing), = sun 'byin  renunciation.
gal ro 	in W. refuse; rubbish.
gas 	v. 'gas pa 3.
gi 	I: numeral for 33, v. affix instead of kyi  after ga  and nga ; for signification v. kyi 3.  (EEE No definition II. is provided in the original.)
gi gu 	the vowel signi for i.
gi gu shel 	= gi gu sha , having a white speck in the eye; wall-eyed (of horses) (Sch.).
gi lji big 	or ko tse big  tanned skin of a kind of deer obtained from Mongolia and China (Jig.).
gu ne ru á	n. of an Indian yogini or female ascetic (K. dun. 38).
gi wang 	and also gi hang  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST a yellow pigment, an anthelminthic medicine; SANST n. of a concretion in the entrails of some animals, used for medicine.  Acc. to the medical works of Tibet this concretion is formed in the liver of certain animals and seldom in men, and it resembles in appearance and size the boiled yolk of a hen's egg.  There are also smaller ones.  Acc. to some lexicographers this concretion is formed in two or three strata or folds.  The best quality of gi-wao is that which is obtained from the an elephant, and those obtained from the ox called gorocana are of second quality.  A kind of gi wang  is also obtained from minerals and clay, and is of reddish-yellow colour.  All these are supposed to be possessed of wonderful healing power.  gi wang dang sgrang rtsis mig snan byas nas mig gnyis la bskus na sa gzhi la yod pa'i gte'i thams cad mthong bar 'gyur ro| (K. g. nga 308).  Gi-wao mixed with honey, if applied to both the eyes as a medicine, will give one such a clear vision, enabling one to see all the treasures which are in the earth.
gi ri ùna Z á	n. of a mountainous country: gi ri £ Z'i yul gyi mtha'i ri khongs su kla klo'i rigs mi 'dra ba bcu yod par rgya gar pa dag la grags shing | it being known to the Indians that in the mountains skirting the country of Giribandha there are ten different La-lo tribes (Dsam.).
gi ling 	a strong-bodied horse (Sch.).
gi lin 	a fabulous animal.
gi shang rgya 	n. of a tribe in Tibet.
ging á	SANST probably a little drum, or the beating of it as an accompaniment in dancing (J‰.).
gim 	sgra snyan gyi gras zhig  n. of a soft musical tone.  (K. my. ka 293).
gir mo 	Ld., the Indian rupee; in C. it is called gor mo  or sgor mo .
gis 	instead of kyis  after a final ga  or na .
gu 	1. numerical for 63 = 'u .  2. sign of diminutives, e.g., khyi gu  a puppy; little dog.  3. extension; extent; room; space; gnas sa gu dog , lung pa gu dog , lam gu dog , sems gu dog po  narrow-minded; a narrow place, valley or road; gu yangs pa  spacious; roomy; wide; gu yangs pa 'dug  there is much room here.
gu yangs po 	= dogs po med pa  spacious; capacious: sa cha gu yangs pa  a spacious, wide place: sdod sa gu yangs pa  a commodious residence: sems gu yangs pa  a broad, generous heart.
gu gu sha 	enamelled plates, cups, &c.; generally enamels on copper.
gu gul á	or gug gul , SANST, SANST, SANST a costly incense, one kind of which is white, another black.  It is used in medicine and its smell drives away evil spirits.  Syn. bum mkhan ; 'dre 'jigs ; nam mo 'dra  (Moon.).
gu gul shing á	SANST, SANST, SANST Amyris galloca the plant from which the incense is obtained.
gu ge 	n. of a province in the West of Tibet.  Also n. of a section and school in the Sera monastery.  The people of the province of gu ge  are called go ge pa .
gu tan 	also called Go-tan, the elder grandson of jen gis khan  Jen-ghis Khan, who invited Sakya Pandita to Mongolia in order to introduce Buddhism there.
gu ti 	in W. deaf (J‰.).
gu Na mi tra á	SANST a Buddhist monk about whom mention is made in the Phar-phyin section of the sacred books of Tibet.
gu zul 	(for ral gu zul ma ) hair-pendants of precious stones of women in Tibet: mo rang gi ral gu zul phud nas phul  taking off her hair-ornaments, she offered them (A. ka 102.).
gu yar 	in W. slowly; gently; without noise (Sch.).
gu yu 	SANST quick-silver.
gu yog 	1. bya'i rgyal po zhig  n. of a king of birds (K. my. 18).  2. n. of the second son of Jengis Khan, who ruled over Eastern Mongolia.
gu ru á	SANST spiritual teacher; a teacher; father-confessor; bla ma , slob dpon .  Often in Milaraspa.
gu ru mtshan brgyad 	the eight manifestations of the Great Teacher; also the eight names of Padma Sambhava.
gu rug 	1. in Ld. a colt or foal of an ass (J‰.).  2. n. of a celebrated lama who was tutor to Rog Shes-rab.
gu lang 	n. of a deity propitiated by mothers (in Tibet) for the well-being of their children.  According to some this deity blesses mothers with children.
gu ling 	1. pure gold picked out from a mine.  2. also spelt gu gling , gold embroidered cloth or silk: gu gling gi chos gos gcig phul nas  having presented a religious garment of embroidered silk (to him).
gu le 	in W. for ga le  slowly; softly; gently.
gu shrI á	Gu-shri said to be a corrupt form of the Chinese title of Kaushiri, which is conferred on Buddhist monks and religious men, but it is evidently the corruption of the Sanskrit title of gau-shri, the lord of religion or guna-shri: in Tibetan yon tan dpal , the blessed, learned or talented one.  In Mongolian Kau-shri signifies a pandit or a learned man.
gu shrI sog po 	Gusri the Mongolian, in Tib. called gu shrI bstan 'dzin chos rgyal , the Dsuogarian Chief, who conquered Tibet and established the supremacy of the Dalai Lama in 1643 A.D. over all Tibet; also an åleuth Mongolian who belonged to Gusri's banners.  (EEE original edition has gu sri bstan 'dzin chos rgyal  Gu-sri bstan-hdsin chos-rgyal in which both the Tibetan and the transliteration are mistaken. The Tibetan is corrected above.)
gu su 	occurs in (Vai. kar.) a garment, dress (J‰.).
gug gu bshan 	an oblation cup: gug gu bshan ni hor gyi ting las lod  this name is now applied to enamelled cups made in China (Jig.).
gug gul á	v. gu gul 3.
gug pa 	1. dud pa , dad pas gug pa  SANST bent as in reverence, to bend in salutation: gug bcas  with humility, humbleness, modesty.  2. In W. to rub or scratch gently; to tickle.
gug gug 	bend low: mgo lus gug gug gsum gyis phyag byas  he saluted thrice, bending low his head and body.
gug ge ba 	bent; bent downwards (of leaves) (Vai. so.), v. gug pa 3.
gug srang 	weight of gold according to the standard formerly used in the province of gu ge , a Srao or ounce of gu ge : gser gug srang gsum brgya phul nas  having presented gold of the weight of 300 ounces (of Gu-ge) (A. 79).
gung 	I: an imperial title, belonging to the second class of nobility in China; it is second only to the distinction of Wang or Prince, and is very much prized in Tibet.  The recipient wears a ruby button and three plumes of the peacock.  II: SANST variously applied (1) to a species of leopard-cat found in Tibet which is smaller than the Himalayan leopard, and (2) to the broad-headed tiger of Central Asia, kharakula of the Mongols, which lives in the forests of the Amur and of North-Western China.  The flesh of latter is used in paralysis, and also as an antidote against evil spirits.  III: the middle; central; also generally the meridian; noon; midday; as well as, less frequently, midnight; nyin gung  midday; noon; mtshan gung  midnight.
gung la 	in the middle: stod kyi gung nas thon  taken or come out of the middle of Upper Tibet.
gung du byed pa 	to divide through middle; to dissect anatomically; dbyar gyi gung la  in the middle of summer; nam gyi gung la  at the midnight hour; the middle watch of night.
gung rgyal 	n. of one of the early kings of Tibet (Yig.).
gung ja 	midday tea; also the religious service conducted in a Buddhist monastery at midday when tea is served to the congregated monks.
gung gnyis 	the two middle times, midday and midnight.
gung thang 	lit. central plain, n. of a part of Ngari Khorsum; n. of a monastery in Ngari.
gung thang 'jam dbyangs 	n. of an incarnate Lama of Amdo, who became the high priest of Tashi Gomao monastery of Amdo and erected a lofty chorten-temple 360 feet high; and founded a monastery with a library containing 20,000 block-print volumes.
gung thang rtsa'i ko ron 	the birth-place of Milaraspa the poet and saint.
gung pa 	= 'bring po  SANST the second of three brothers; the middle one.
gung 'bab pa 	to take rest at noon on a journey; gung tshigs  dinner (Sch.).
gung 'dzug 	SANST also gung mo , the middle finger.
gung ri gung btsan 	the son and successor of King khri srong lde'u btsan  who reigned in Tibet about 733 A.D.
gung la phug 	or gung dmar la phug  carrot.
gung sangs la 'gro ba 	to take a walk about midday, also generally to take a walk gung lon  at noon.
gud 	1. slope; declivity (Cs.).  2. separation; solitude; seclusion (Sch.).
gud du 	= logs su'am sger du  aside; apart: yang jo bos phyag dar ston pa la gud du gsungs pa| again Jobo spoke to Phyag-dar ston-pa while alone in a solitary place (A. 5).
gud du 'bor ba 	1. to place aslant or to one side; gud du gshegs pa  to separate (J‰.), disperse.  2. to buy dear, at a loss; synonymous with gun god ; in Lad. heavy or thick of hearing; gud nag  quite deaf; deaf as a post.  3. gud du 'jug pa  = logs su bzhag pa  or zhan du bcug pa  to humiliate; deprecate; to place in a false or inferior position.
gud pa 	= 'gud pa .
gud po 	dear; expensive, v. rgud po 3.
gun 	loss; damage: nga la gun phog  in W., I have suffered loss (prop. damage has come to me) (J‰.). gun khugs pa  to make up a loss: gzhan kun na phar la nga rgyal gyi dregs pa btsongs pas nyin re tsam gyi gun khugs  in all other places, on the other hand, they out of pride almost daily tried to replenish their loss (Hbrom. kha 33).
gun dum 	a bottle-shape or cylindrical basket for fruit in Ld. (perhaps akin to rkon-pa) (J‰.).
gun po 	in Ld. expensive; dear.
gum ste 	= shi nas  or shi ste  having died or been dead: de nas yun mi ring bar bram ze gum ste  then, not long after, the Brahman having died (Hbrom. 162).
gum pa 	v. 'gum pa 3.
gur 	SANST, SANST, SANST a tent; also a house made of hay or straw or grass; dbu gur  a sleeping tent; bzhugs gur  a tent used by a great man for his residence; gur yol  the ceiling of a tent; gur khebs  the cover or canopy; ras gur  tent of cotton cloth; rgyal gur  royal pavilion; dmag gur  a military tent; gur mchog  a magnificent tent; gur thag  tent ropes; gur ber  in W., or gur shing , the tent poles; gur thog  the upper covering or outer-fly of a tent; thab gur  hearth-tent; that which is used as a kitchen; gur gyi sham bu  the outer canopy-like cover of a tent; the upper part of a double tent; gur phur  the pegs or pins used for pitching a tent; gur gzhol  the walls of a tent; gur glad  gur-glad the top or crown of a tent; the passage for the smoke out a tent; gur 'gram  lattice in the side of a tent; gur lcam  stakes supporting the roof of a tent (Sch.).
gur khang 	the imaginary pavilion or mansion of the gods, which is formed in the sky, canopied by rainbows, walled by rays of light, supported by diamond posts and carpetted with variegated clouds, for the use of the gods when they come to witness religious entertainments or performances of the pious on this earth.
gur gyi mgon po 	a divinity of the Sakya-pa School.
gur drag 	n. of Buddhist deity of the Sakya-pa School.
gur nag 	those of the black tent, or the Black-tent Mongols; gur dkar  the White-tent tribes of Mongolia; gcod gur  the tent used by itinerant mendicants or Shamans.
gur pa grwa tshang 	a Buddhist congregation at gyang tse .  (EEE The original gives the headword as gur pa khra tshang  with a wa-zur under the khra  but this is clearly an error; the headword has been corrected to gur pa grwa tshang  in accordance with the transliteration "gur-pa grba-tshao" given in the original and the meaning.)
gur lpags 	a perforated skin; a hide full of holes (Sch.).
gur ser 	the tribe of the Mongols who used to live in yellow tents.  The Taranatha Lama of Urga (Tah Khureh) in Mongolia still uses the yellow tent.
gur gum 	or gur kum  SANST, SANST saffron, crocus, marigold, calendula, and similar yellow flowers (J‰.): gur gum mchin nad kun sel rtsa kha sdom  saffron cures liver-disorders and contracts the surface of the bowels (Rtsii.).  There are three kinds of saffron known to the Tibetans; bal po gur gum  the saffron of Nepal; kha che gur gum  the Kashmir saffron, which is the best, and pri yang ku  or pri ya ka  that is brought from distant regions (Spice-islands).  Syn. tshim byed dmar ; 'dab brgya ba ; rdzing drung skyes ; me tog don can ; kun nas 'khums ; me tog nyi ma ; phra ma can ; kha che skyes ; dri zhim ; lus dmar ; me'i rtse mo ; bde byed ; 'thung byed ; mchog ldan ; dpa' po brtan pa  (Moon.).
gur gur 	in Ld. a small churn used for preparing tea.  (J‰.).
gur tig 	a kind of drug used for healing or drawing sores, &c.; rma gas rtsa tshad mkhris nad sel  it inflames sores, cures bilious fever.
gul gul 	a quaking; shaken as if by a strong wind: khro bo'i stang stabs mdzad pas yul chen po gcig gul gul byung skad| It is said that because they assumed the attitude of a wrathful deity, a great country trembled (as if by an earthquake).
gul nag 	lit. the black gu gul  or gul gul nag po , n. of a medicine.
gus pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, sbst. humility, respect, reverence, devotion; also adj. respectful, devout; very common in the phrase, gus pas phyag 'tshal lo| saluted with reverence; ma gus pa  unsubmissive, undevout; gus pa dang bcas pa  SANST respectfully; with dignity and honour; gus par 'gyur ba  to be respectful; to humble oneself (Cs.) lus ngag yid gsum gus pas phyag 'tshal lo| I offer salutation reverentially with the threeómy heart, speech and body: gus pa chen pos bsten par byin gyis rlobs| may the blessing be granted to maintain the greatest devotion.  gus par bsgrim pa  to behave with respect; gus pa nyan  SANST to serve or attend respectfully; to listen with respect; gus par byed ba  to regard.
gus po 	in C. and W. expensive, costly, dear, v. gud po 3 or 3rgud po 3.
gus so 	SANST becomes very dear; respects; worships.
ge 	num. for 93.
ge ba 	is an auxiliary particle signifying did (emphatically): ya so'i mche bas brang kha non ma so'i mche bas dpral ba na yar la lhag ge ba  by the upper tusk he pressed on his breast, by his lower tusk he opened asunder up to the forehead (Hbrom. 139).
ge ra 	n. of country: ge ra'i rgyal po zhes pa'ang byung 'dug  also there was one, called the King of ge re  (K. du. tha 281).
ge ra lha pa 	name of Tibetan chief, said to have descended from the royal line of kings, i.e., from srong btsan sgam po , and belonging to a place called ge ra lha  situated to the east of Lhasa on the Yaru Tsang-po beyond Chethang.
ge sha 	a kerchief for the head hanging down behind from the shoulders.
ge sar á	I: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST saffron, the corolla of a flower.  There are three kinds of ge sar  viz.:- na ga ge sar  SANST, puSa pa ge sar  SANST, and pad ma ge sar  SANST (Mio.).  Acc. to Cs. ge sar  is a flower; it is said to grow in Nepal and is called pad ma ge sar ; acc. to Sch. pistil, but like ze 'bru  it signifies undoubtedly the organs of fructification in general.  II: n. of a powerful king ruling in Shensi in China, who on account of his martial valour was deified and raised to the position of the God of War.  There are various accounts of him.  The people of Kham in Tibet own him for their national war-god, while the Mongolians say that ge sar  was a king of Mongolia.  According to some authors, he lived in the 7th century A.D.  According to the collection of heroic songs called the rgyal drung , king Ge-sar lived in the 8th century A.D.  His origin is, however, lost in myth.
ge sar gyi sgrung 	stories from the works called gling dang ljang  Lio and Jao; also extracts from the fabulous history of Ge-sar.  (EEE original edition has kling dang ljang  which is clearly in error.)
ge sar can 	SANST the lotus flower; the filament of a lotus.
ge sar dmar po 	, klu shing  Naga Vpkra (Moon.).
ge É 	, gnas  a secret abode-used as gsang skad  (a mystic word) in the Tantra (K. ga g. 215).
gegs 	= gags  hindrance; stoppage; obstacle: gegs chags  = bar chad  interruption by an accident; danger; the tshom dang gegs sel ba  to remove doubts and hindrances (Mil.); gegs byed bgegs  a malignant spirit causing mischief or impediments; chos mdzad yongs la gegs byed pa  to hinder effectually religious doings; sangs rgyas mi thob pa'i gegs bzhi  four obstacles to the attainment of Buddhahood: thob pa'i grogs 'gro'm gegs su 'gro  will you help me or hinder me in obtaining; 'grub pa'i gegs  impediment to the attainment of perfection.
gel pa +	the trunk of a tree with a spiral top: gel pa ni shing phung ngam rtsa ba spom shing rtse mo rgyas pa  the term gelwa is when the stem or thick roots of a tree grow into a branching top.
gel shing 	SANST a log; a post.
gin dar pa 	bya'i rgyal po zhig gi ming  n. of a king of birds.  (K. my. ka, 18).
go 	I: 1. numerical sign for 123.  2. abbr. for dgu bcu  in the nineties; go gcig  91; also go gnyis  92, etc.  II: = in mystic language khyu mchog  SANST, SANST, SANST the chief of a herd or company (K. g. kha, 28).  III: 1. place; room; space (prob. = gu 3); in this sense it is used in mtshams med par , without intermediate space, i.e., close together, continuous: 'bru sna tsogs go mtshams med par skyes  grain of every kind grew densely, luxuriantly: go mtshams med par gang ba  closely filled.  An important compound of go is found in go chod , the space is cut off, or filled, i.e., the matter is done with, settled; satisfaction has been made; colloq. also I have got enough; I am full: des rgyal ba'i go mi chod pa  by this the victory has not yet been fully decided: thos bsam sgom gsum gyi go chod  there is intermission of hearing; thinking; meditation: khyed la go mi chod pa'i chos  doctrine not satisfactory to you: bu tshab nga  ugs ci phyir go mi chod  why should it not be sufficient that I be banished instead of my son?  2. place, position, rank, condition of life: pha yi gor  in the place of his father; go nas  according to; in proportion to (J‰.): gos rgas na  when rank and dignity are grown old and gone; when the position in life has been lost: rang gi go 'dug  that is my place; my business.  3. a way, a space, in the more general sense: sprin gyi go bar phye nas 'ongs  have come parting the clouds: aa ma'i go na  at the place of my mother; with my mother (J‰.).  go ldog pa  to change place, especially to turn to the contrary (Sch.); nad go  the seat of disease (Sch.).
go skabs 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST interval; leisure; space; opportunity; in the meanwhile: bar mtshams tshig grogs kyis dal ba dang khom pa dang dbang dang long yod med  occasionally with companion words go skabs  signifies slowly, at leisure, or in power; just at the time: bde bar bsdad pa'i go skabs med  there is no chance of my sitting at ease: de phyir bdag la go skabs stsal du gsol  (A. 16) therefore I pray for leave to avail myself of this opportunity.
go skal 	the share or portion due to a person in accordance to his rank (J‰.).
go khang 	, go cha'i khang pa  arsenal (Schtr.).
go khrab 	= go cha dang khrab  coat of mail with helmet; armour, v. go cha 3.
go gyon pa 	go cha gyon pa  to wear a coat of mail, etc.; to put on war dress.  Syn. go bgos ; gYul gyi chas zhugs pa ; ya lad bgos  (Moon.).
go gral 	or go gras  rank; dignity (Cs.).
go bgos pa 	SANST the act of equipping or arraying: = go cha gyon pa  to equip with armour; put on harness, v. go cha 3.
go ca 	v. go cha 3.
go cha 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST; SANST armour; harness; gear; implements; tools; bkra shis kyi go cha  the implement of good luck; an amulet.  Syn. ya lad ; mtshon skyob ; lus skyob ; lus bsrung ; lcags gos ; zhub can ; dra ba can ; 'khrug gos ; lcags kyi bgo ba ; khrab ; rmog ; mgo skyob ; rmog zhu ; lcags zhu ; rmog thur ; khyung thur can ; go khrab  (Moon.).
go cha gyon pa 	v. go gyon pa 3 or 3go bgos pa 3.
go cha dang bcas *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 139) with a ball.
go cha'i skrag byed ma *	(22 B.) (Schr.).
go cha'i bskyad byed ma *	(Schr.) (22 C.).
go cha'i rta mchog *	(Schr.) (21 A.).
go cha'i rdo rje nyi ma *	(Schr.) (20 C.).
go cha'i rdo rje sems dpa' *	(19 B.).
go cha'i rnam snang *	(19 C.).
go cha'i pad ma gar dbang *	(Schr.) (20 A.).
go cha'i rmongs byed ma *	(Schr.) (22 A.).
go cha'i tsaºi ka *	(Schr.) (23 A.).
go cha'i gshin rje ma *	(Schr.) (21 C.).
go cha'i he ru ka nag po *	(Schr.) (20 B.).  (EEE The transliteration of the headword in the original, "go-chhi..." should be "go-chahi..."; the Tibetan headword is correct.)
go chod po 	= phan thog po  useful; serviceable.  las don gang byed kyang bsgrub nus pa'am mthar phyin pa'i mi la go chod po zer  the term go-chod-po is applied to a man who is successful or who accomplishes any business or duty successfully: mi 'di go chod dam  will this man be of service? (A. 127).
go snyod 	SANST cummin seed (Zam. 24).
go dA ba ri á	the Godavari river.  thugs kyi gnas brgyad kyi gcig be ta'i yul gyi lho thag nye sar yod|'o ma'i chu mig sogs gnas ya mtshan can mang | Godavari, one of the holy rivers of Southern India, a place on its bank near Vidharva where there is spirit-symbol of Buddha.  It contains a milky spring (Dsam. 36).
go dam bAa á	n. of a drug.  Syn. yangs pa can ; ri mo can ; ba glang mig ; mchog sbyin ma ; dbang po bkra ba ; kMa ka chen po  (Moon.).
go bde ba 	simple; easy; that which is easily understood: go bde ba la bsam nas dper brjod na  he uttered an example with a view to make it easily understood (Situ. 101).
go 'dun +	, defined as sna tshogs sam gang mos pa  what you like of different kinds.
go 'dris khyer ba 	= dga' bo nyes po byed pa  to be friendly; intimate (A. 145).
go Da *	SANST; go Da 'phel byed  n. pr. (Schr.) (Ta. 2, 82).
go 'phang 	= go gnas  rank; place; position: rnam mkhyen sangs rgyas kyi go 'phang thob par byin gyis brlobs  may the blessing be accorded me to gain the rank of an omniscient Buddha (Mil.).
go ba 	to understand; to perceive mentally: dang po paºi ta kun gyi go ba byung  first of all it was understood by all the pandits.  (EEE the original edition has pNa Ti ta  for pandit which has been corrected above.)
go ba can 	= mkhas pa  a learned, clearheaded person; go ba can gyi mi rnams  wise men.
go bo 	or bya go bo  a kind of vulture: go bo'i gre bas sha ma zhu ba dang |ma zhu ba'i rigs nams 'ju bar byed| the larynx of the vulture causes indigestible meat and different kinds of food which are not digested, to become digested (Sman.).
go byed 	acc. to J‰. is a quality of the air.
go bzlog 	= go log  misunderstand; misapprehend; to attach a wrong meaning (Situ. 110).
go yu á	(Beng. SANST) areca nut: go yus mkhal ma'i nad sel so rtsi mchog  areca nut is the best essence for the teeth and cures kidney disease (Sman.).
go ra +	= btson ra  jail; prison.
go rim 	order, arrangement: go rim dang mthun par cung zad bkod pas  have arranged it so as to agree with the order of things, etc. (Situ. 101).
go re +	= rdzogs pa  perfected; finished; completed.
go re long +	= mngag gzhug pa  or rang dbang med pa  spontaneously; as a matter of course; without power to exert one's self in any matter; necessarily (K. du. kha 175).
go la 	, rgya nag ge sra rtsi'i rgyu se shing gi khu ba   1. a kind of gum, prob. acacia imported to Tibet from China; ashes which have burnt without ignition.  2. mgron bu mer bsreg ba'i thal ba  lime of burnt shell or cowries.  3. the areca nut brought from the sub-Himalayan district or from India is called snan go la i.e., the globular medicine; rgya gar go yu  the Indian areca nut, or mon go yul , areca nut from the sub-Himalaya; these two are called snan go la  (Sman.).
go la'i rlung 	nyi zla gza' skar rgyu sa'i rlung gi ming  the wind which, acc. to Tibetan astronomers, keeps the sun and the stars moving in space: phebs tshogs kyang go la'i rlung 'khros ltar 'gog med du zhu  your letters should also be without let or hindrance, like the wind which keeps the heavenly bodies always in motion (Yig. k. 87).  (EEE The first example in the original reads "...sa 'i rlung ", which is apparently a typographical error and has been corrected above.)
go le 	= ga le  or dal po  slowly.
go Sa 	, o rgyan lam bar gyi grong khyer zhig gi ming  n. of a town in the way to Udyana, prob. in Ancient Kabul (S. Lam. 17.).
go log 	reverse; opposite to what was; back again; also for go sa log pa  degraded; position changed as in the case of a superior officer subordinated, or an inferior officer promoted to a higher position:- dpon po gYog  master made a subordinate or servant, or gYog po dpon , a servant raised to the position of a master; phan par smras pa la gnod par go ba lta bu  to take a useful advice as intended for mischief; also sbyin pa go log  opposed to charity or misunderstand charity; tshul khrims go log  reversing, misinterpreting character or morality; bzod pa go log , brtson 'grus go log  to misunderstand one's forbearance or industry; bsam gtan go log  performance of the wrong Dhyana; shes rab go log  perverse or distorted knowledge or wisdom; snying rje go log  tired of showing sympathy or compassion; byams pa go log  tired of loving.
go sa 	= go gnam  or go 'phang  rank; office; dignity: bla ma mkhan po rgyal blon sogs kyi go sa lta bu la  like unto the position of the lamas, professors, officers, etc.
gu ta ma á	= go'u ta ma , rigs rus kyi ming  SANST n. of family in Ancient India (K. du. ta 133); n. of Buddha Sakyamuni.  (EEE The headword in the original is ga ta ma  but the transliteration "gau-ta-ma" and the dictionary context indicate that the reference is to gu ta ma  and the headword has been changed accordingly.)
gog 	in W. for gong po  a lamp.
gog thal 	ashes; burnt fragments.
gog pa 	1. to craw.  2. to crumble off; to scale off (of the plaster of a wall) (J‰.).
gog po 	= zhig ral byung ba  or nyams chag byung ba  dilapidated; damaged; in ruins; worn out: lha khang gog po  a temple in ruins: mchod rten gog po  a chorten in ruins: kha cig gog po 'gog tsam na 'chi ba'ang yod  there are some who even die worn out when they crawl about (as little children) (Khrid. 13).
go bzlog lhan skyes *	(Schr.) (30 A.).
go la'i ri mo *	SANST (Kalac. I. 52 58) a circle; circular.
gong 	1. price; value; also gong thang , gong tshad ; nor rdzas kyi rin gong gi tshad  the price or valuation of things or property: gong dpyad pa  to apprize; to fix a price: gong brgyab pa  or gong sgrig pa  id.  In Sikkim: "di goo ka dzˆw mo?" what is the price of it?" (Snd. Hbk.).  2. = steng  or sngon  or thog ma  also klad  SANST, SANST the above; in space as well as in time (in Khams, e.g., it is used as a sbst. signifying elevated, alpine pasture grounds).  gong dang mthun , gong dang 'dra bar , gong bzhin , gong mtshungs  as above (mentioned); like the above or aforesaid similar to the above.
gong 'khod 	stated above; gong du yod pa  existing above; gong du gsal bar , set forth or elucidated above; gong gi  the former; the above; gong gi de rnams  those preceding; gong gi zhes snos pa  the above statement that; snga gong bod kyi rgyal po  the ancient or former Tibetan kings; gong gi bshad pa ltar  as has been stated above; gong du  over it; above; gong du 'phags pa  SANST taken upwards; gone upwards; gone upward; improved; progressed; gong du phud  placed in a position of dignity; kept on the top; gong du 'pho ba  SANST spiritually developed, lit. gone upwards; gong du sbyor ba  SANST ready; gong du mos pa  the above mentioned; gong na  on it; above; gong nas  from above; gong nas gong du  SANST more and more; higher and higher.  gong pa  SANST very much (Lex.); one above; the senior (one) = sgo gong du  over the door; yab kyi gong du 'das  died before his father; de'i gong du  before that or that time; ma tshogs gong du  before they assembled or congregated together.
gong dkar rdzong 	n. of a fort and town on the Tsang-po, where convicts are generally sent for punishment.  It is situated S. E. of Lhasa, in the district of Mal-gro.
gong khri bdal 'od 'bar 	n. of a Bon saint believed to exist in astral form in the north-west quarter.  (G. Bon. 1).
gong po 	= gong bu  SANST a meeting; assembly; fame; renown; globular.
gong phud pa 	= gong du phud pa  to lift up; to ride up.
gong phebs 	or gong gi bka' phebs  the instructions from higher authorities; also those arrived or received earlier.
gong ba 	in W. collar: gong ba nas 'dzin pa  to seize by the collar.
gong bu 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST a globular mass, lump, heap; gong bu can  SANST clot; clotty; in lump; in heaps; gong bu so so  SANST, SANST catarrh or cold; gong bur byas  made into globular mass or lump.  2. agglomeration of atoms; dri ro reg gzugs bzhi ste rdul rdzas brgyad 'dus gong ba yin  acc. to the Buddhist metaphysical conception that which produces the sensation of smell, taste, touch and sight is formed of the following eight atoms:- (1) rdul phra rab , (2) rdul phran  (3) lcags rdul , (4) chu rdul , (5) ri bong rdul , (6) lug rdul , (7) glang rdul , (8) nyi ma'i 'od zer gyi rdul  (Sorig. 7.).
gong ma 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST superior; the former; the first-named; gong ma che  or gong ma chen po  the most high; rgya nag gong ma  the Emperor of China; gong ma rnams  the gods and superior beings.  gong ma che drug , the six superior things of the bon po  are the following:- gsang ba 'dus pa  mysticism; sti Mra ; mi lus bsam legs ; ye shes nying po ; snang ba mdog can .
gong ma chen lung rgyal po 	the Tibetan name of the fourth Manchu Emperor Kyun-luo is lha skyong rgyal po , the king protected by the gods.  'di man ju'i rgyal po bzhi ba ha cang mnga' thang chen po byung chos la shin tu dga' pNa chen dpal ldan ye shes gdan 'dren te chos zhus gtsug lag khang sku gsung thugs rten mang po bzhengs pa sogs rnam thar ya mtshan che lo drug cu rgyal srid bskyangs| He became very powerful, was devoted to Buddhism, invited the Pan-chen Rin-po-che called Tashi Lama Pal-dan Ye-se (friend of the first Governor General of India, Mr. Warren Hastings).  He erected many temples and chaityas, and his life was a record of miracles.  He reigned upwards of sixty years.
gong ma mchod yon 	the Dalai Lama being the spiritual lord and the Emperor of China being the temporal lord: gong ma mchod yon gyi thugs rjer 'dir yang 'tsho khams bde zhing 'phrin las zhabs 'degs la lhod med du mchis  by the grace of the Grand Lama and the Emperor (of China) here too I being in good health have been in the discharge of public service without relaxation (Yig. k. 18).
gong ma bzhin 	= sngon ma bzhin  SANST as before; as the above mentioned; like the aforesaid; as the previous one.
gong ma'i gong ma 	SANST a superior's superior; also more and more; more in future.
gong mo 	the upper one; lag pa'i gong mo  SANST the middle finger.  2. the white grouse, but applied to various birds in Tibet of the Tetraonidú family: lha bya gong mo  is the Crossoptilon Tibetanum, and gong gyag  the Ithaginis geroffryoi, etc. (Snd. Hdk. pp. 170-1).  byi'u co ka gnyis kyis gong mo la smras pa  the two little Coka birds said to the grouse (Rdsa.).  gong mo'i sha yis ro tsa ('dod chags )chu ser mo nad sel  the flesh of the grouse stimulates the sexual desire and also cures discharge of whites: gong mo'i mjug sgro'i mo nad sel  the feathers of the grouse cure female diseases: gong mo'i sgo ngas me lha'i gdon nad gso  the eggs of the grouse cure illness caused by the demons of the fire-god.
gong mo sreg 	a pheasant, Phasianus decollatus.
gong zhu 	= gong du zhu   1. as stated or prayed above.  2. a paper lantern (J‰.); in colloq. Tibetan "gam-shu," a lantern.
gong 'og 	= ltag 'og  SANST upper and lower; gzhi gong  folio; gong sku gzhogs  a title of honour, signifying his highness, excellence, etc.
gong rol du 	= snga rol du  or sngon la , before, prior to: dmag ma byung gi gong rol du  before the war took place.
gong la 	above.
gong sa 	SANST one in supreme authority or position; the sovereign.
gong sa yas phyin pa 	= ya rabs gong ma  those superior persons gone before; persons in superior or more exalted stations.
god 	loss; damage; god 'gyur ba  to suffer loss; nor la god  loss of money and property; god kha , nor phyugs la nad sna tshogs byung nas shi ba  loss in property or in cattle by disease and other accidents: sgom grub ci byas kyang god med  there was no loss whatever whether he performed meditation or propitiation.
god ma 	= 'jig pa  SANST, SANST; fear, loss.
gon 	the common gourd; pumpkin in W. (J‰.).
gon pa 	(gyon pa ) to put on clothes, shoes, etc.; gon pa 'dra ba re re  the cost of a set of anything to wear (Rtsii.); mgo la zhwa gon pa  to put a cap on the head.  2. coat, clothing (Sch.).
gon snam 	(gyo snam ) serge or broad cloth for making robes, etc. (Rtsii.).
gon phying 	felt used for wearing.
gon lham 	= gyon lham  shoes to put on.
gob non 	(spelling uncertain) in W. to tease; vex; irritate (J‰.).
gom pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST a pace; step: rkang 'gros  to make a step; gom pa bor ba  to pace: gom pa bdun bor ba  to make seven steps (as a ceremony, which may also be counted equivalent to a religious pilgrimage, the actual performance of which is not possible).
gom pa'i stabs 	any peculiar manner of stepping whether in procession or in dancing.
gom 'gros 	walking in step like soldiers or a procession: 'gro na gom 'gros 'khyor  in walking he missed the measure of the paces.
gom stangs 	SANST the manner of pacing; walking in measured step.
gom gsum 	SANST three paces; fig. the heavens, earth and the nether region.
gom gsum pa 	one with three steps.
gom gsum gnon 	khyab 'jug  SANST, SANST a name of Virnu when he deceived Bali in his Bamana or Dwarf incarnation (Moon.).
goms pa 	1. SANST one practised in any work; skilled; wont; klog pa la goms pa  practising or practised in the art of reading; goms pa can  SANST one who is skilled or practised in any art, goms par byed pa  SANST one who is skilled or accustomed; goms par byas pa  SANST one who has practised or studied.
gor 	or phyugs gor  = nor nad  murrain (A. ka 103).
gor bu 	1. SANST quadrangle.  2. SANST wisdom.
gor ma 	rdo la zhe sa byas pa  a term of respect for stone, or a general name for stone (Cs.); large and small pebbles; stones; rubble; boulder stones (Sch.).
gor ma chag +	= gor ma bkum pa , the tshom med  or nges pa  SANST, SANST certain; sure; indubitable: de 'byung ba gor ma chag go| his coming is quite certain.
gor mo +	= rdo , sdang ba'i sems la yang 'jug , gor mo  is also applied to signify an irritable or angry temper.
gor shi sha á	SANST a kind of sandal-wood.
gol ba 	v. 'gol ba 3.
gos 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST cover; dress; garment.  The common word for coat or clothing; there are seven kinds of stuffs for priests, &c.: bal gos  woollen cloth; sha na'i gos  cloth of flax; zar ma'i gos  linen; du kU la'i gos  silk cloth; ras bal gyi gos  cotton cloth; ko tam pa'i gos  jute cloth; nyi 'og gi gos  European cloth, &c.  gos kyi rgyu'i 'byung khungs bstan  enumeration of the materials for cloth:- srin bu  silk-worm; ra lug dang ri  ags kyi spu dang pags pa sna tshogs  various hairs and skins of sheep, goats and wild animals; shing gi shun pa  bark or fibres; shing gi 'bras bu  fruits; zar ma sogs  fibres, etc.; ras bal sogs  wool, cotton, etc.; du kU la'i ming  silk cloth; satin, etc.; gos gsar  new cloth; dri med  clean cloth; gos so mo  new or fresh cloth; dri ma can  dirty cloth; gos rnying pa  old, worn out clothes; zad pa  or hrul po  rags or ragged dress; stod gos  SANST upper garment of Buddhist monks; bla gos  = snam sbyar  the sacred raiment containing thirty-two patches; stod gYogs  upper cover; snad gYogs  or snad gos  lower garment; bnya tsa li ka  an apron of five colours; 'doms dkras  folds round loins like the dhuti of the Hindus; snad dkris  the back folds of dhuti; snad sham  under cloth or garment; mthang gos  or sham thabs  the petticoat-like clothes worn by the Tibetan monks; rgyan gos  fine dressing clothes; rgyun gos i an everyday coat (J‰.); chos gos  clerical garb or garment; pho gos  male dress; bla gos  an upper garment, a kind of toga; mo gos  a woman's gown; gzab gos  holiday or gala clothes; gos gyon pa  to put on dress; gos 'bud pa  to take off dress; gos brje ba  to change dress or clothes; gos brtsegs pa  to put one garment over the other; gos bteg pa  to tuck up, by drawing the front skirts under the girdle; gos ldab pa  to lay or fold a coat together.
gos kyi khyim 	(SANST) SANST a tent; a diseased man's wardrobe; gos kyi gar  SANST a bamboo or bar to hang or keep the dress; gos kyi chog shes pa  SANST one who has enough of clothes; gos kyi gdang shing  SANST a rope or string to hang clothes.
gos dkar 	white dress; gos kyi dkar can  SANST one dressed in white; the Goddess Sarasvati.
gos skud 	yarn or silk thread.
gos kha brgya tham pa 	one hundred breadth-measure of blankets.
gos khums pa 	gos la gnyer ma byung ba  SANST a cloth folded as to look like waves or wrinkles.
gos gur 	a tent of cloth or satin; phyeng gur  a tent of felt; sbra  or re gur  tent of yak-hair blanket or felt.
gos 'gyed pa 	SANST the folds in the garment of a monk; one who folds clothes.
gom grum 	a square rug made of Chinese satin.
gos sgab 	skirt or flap of a coat or robe.
gos sgam 	box; chest or press for clothes; wardrobe.
gos sngon can 	SANST  1. one dressed in a blue dress; the sky.  2. phyag rdor  SANST Chag-na Dorje Bodhisattva, stobs bzang la  SANST the brother of Krishna said to be an avatara of Virnu.  3. gza' spen pa  the planet Saturn.
gos can 	SANST a kind of sandal.  gos can  * 1. SANST (Schr.; Lebensb. 86) a tablet; a piece of cloth.  2. gos can tsan dkar  SANST satin.
gos chen 	silk fabrics; Chinese satin, of which the different kinds known in Tibet are:- hor gos , thon thi , nor bu chab bdun ma , mdzod gos , skyin khab  (Kincob) embroidered satin; jus , rgyan bzhi ma , rgyan drug ma , 'brug ris ma , 'brug brgya ma .
gos chen po 	= du ku la'i ras  silk-cloth (Moon.).
gos mchog 	the finest satin or silk-cloth.  Syn. gos bzang ; kun dga'i gos ; srubs med gos  (Moon.).
gos nyo 	SANST a purchased dress; a cloth fit to be purchased.
gos rnying 	= gos rnying pa  or bem po  in Ld. dialect, an old coat or dress.  Syn. zad po ; hrul po ; dug pa  (Moon.).
gos brnyan 	SANST a mendicant who puts on a ragged garment; a ragged dress.
gos thung 	trousers.
gos mtha' 	skirt of dress or robe.
gos dug pa 	old cloth; ragged cloth; ragged cloth; torn cloth; gos dri ma can  dirty clothes; gos dri med  clean cloth.
gos 'dug 	or chu gos  bathing cloth.
gos pa 	1. SANST, pf. of bgo ba 3, to apply on; to paste or rub.  2. SANST a liniment.
gos phyed phu lung 	sleeveless robe or garment (in Sikk.).
gos phra 	SANST fine-silk; muslin.
gos byed 	SANST gain; acceptance; performance; honour.
gos bral 	SANST, SANST naked; without dress or cover for the body.
gos sped pa 	SANST, SANST one concealing his mendicant's clothes.
gos min 	SANST a roof; veil; film over the eyes; multitude.
gos med 	SANST, SANST, SANST a devotee who has cut off worldly ties.
gos dmar sde 	SANST classes of Buddhists who are dressed in red.
gos tsam 	SANST satin.
gos btsems nyes pa 	= gos sogs tshem ngan pa  badly-sewn clothes.
gos zhig pa 	SANST a wave, a plait or fold in a garment.
gos zad po 	worn-out clothes.
gos zas kyi 'tshos ma 	SANST a female mendicant clothed in suitable dress; one who lives doing nothing more than eating and dressing.
gos zegs 	worn out clothes; old clothes (Rtsii. 5).
gos yug 	piece of cloth or satin, enough for making a robe.
gos lag 	colloq. (in Sikk.) "ko-lak," a coat; dress; clothes.
gos ser can 	SANST a name of Virnu, one covered with a yellow cloth.
gos lhod pa 	to let go a robe which has been grasped: gos nas 'jus par thong zer slu rin sprod zer srang gsum sprad de gos lhod sgo bcad  one said: "see you are held fast by your clothes;" and he said: "fix a price for the ensnarement;" and three srang being allotted, the cloth was let go and the door shut.  (G. Sndg.).
gos po 	or gyos po  SANST father-in-law; gos pos bsrungs pa  SANST protected by one's father-in-law.
gya 	num. used in the abbreviated form, in the place of brgyad cu  80; gya gcig  81; gya gnyis  82; gya gsum  83; gya bzhi  84; gya lnga  85; gya drug  86; gya 'dun  87; gya brgyad  88; gya dgu  89.
gya gyu 	= gYon can  SANST, SANST dissmulation; crookedness; intrigue; secret machinations: de nyid gya gyu med pa'i rnam pa yin pas  he was a person absolutely free from deceitful intentions.  gnod sems dang slu ba'i gya gyu sogs  malice and beguiling intrigues, etc.
gya gyu can 	SANST, SANST crafty, deceitful, fraudulent.
gya gyu byed pa 	to intrigue; to plot.
gya gyur 'gro 	that which goes not in the direct way; a frog; smoke; a snake; a river: gya gyur 'gro ba  serpentine-motion; to move circuitously.
gya ma gyu 	(meaning of rivers, &c.) quiet; calm; gently flowing along (J‰.).  Of a man: cautious; scheming so that one not know what to think of him.
gya nyes 	marvellous; inexplicable, of men, occurrences, &c.
gya tho +	= rna rgyan  an ornament for the ear; an ear-ring.
gya do 	SANST a breast plate.
gya nog snang +	SANST beautiful; of nice appearance.
gya nog snang ba 	n. of a celestial mansion, the residence of the gods.
gya nom pa +	phun sum tshogs pa  SANST, SANST, SANST; dbang thang che ba  one in abundance; in plenty; possessed of wealth and power.
gya pa 	or gya ba  = nyams pa  SANST spoiled; degenerated.  Acc. to Cs. deformed; disfigured; having lost his or her former beauty.
gya tsom +	or gya rtsom  SANST (to become dry?) acc. to Cs. haste; hurry; rashness.
gya tshom +	SANST; ma brtags pa  momentary; unstable; without deliberation; consideration: gya tshom du 'gro bar mi bya'o| should not go all on a sudden, without deliberation.
gya tshom can 	1. SANST a bard of the Magadha tribe.  2. one in doubt.
gyag pa +	= brlag pa  SANST destroyed; ruined; acc. to Cs. diminished, v. 'gyag pa 3.
gyang 	or gying  clay stamped into moulds, and frequently used as building material in Spiti, Ladak and other parts of Tibet; gyang skor  earthen wall round an estate or village; gyang sgrom  pisÈ mould.
gyang tse 	pisÈ terrace; wall of dry earth in Ladak.
gyang ra 	cattle-yards constructed of clay or mud.
gyang rim 	pisË layer or one layer of pisÈ, i.e., as much as is stamped in at a time, about one ell in height; this frequently serves for a measure of the depth of the snow (J‰.).
gyang ris 	fresco or wall painting: phug pa'i gyang ris sogs la  in the frescoes, &c., of the caves (Ya-sel. 45).
gyad 	SANST, SANST a champion; a man of great physical strength; an athlete: da dung gyad kyi rtsal 'gran  let us compete once more in athletic dexterity.  gyad kyi 'dzin stangs  SANST, SANST, SANST the mode of seizing in wrestling; gyad kyi shugs  the prowess or strength of a champion.
gyad rdo 	1. giant stone; a quoit.  2. n. of a tribe in Tibet.
gyad gYung po *	SANST, SANST, SANST (Schr.; Lebensh. 98) n. of a barbarous tribe.
gyam 	a shelter; a recess in a rock, large and wide but not deep; brag gyam  a shelter under a rock; gad gyam  a grotto beneath a conglomerate rock; a shelter in the steep side of a rock; phong gyam  or pha bong gyam  a shelter under a beetling rock (J‰.); gyam bu  a little cover or shelter (Cs.).
gyar gyod 	probably gyod kha , god pa , loss, damage (J‰.).
gyi 	for gi , after na, ma, ra, la, v. kyi 3.
gyi gling 	Kulti, n. of a place.
gyi ljang 	n. of place in Tibet.
gyi than 	n. of a place and also of a tribe in E. Tibet: bar na ro 'je rag shi gnyis  in the middle (country) are the two, viz., Ro-hje and Rag-shi; snad na mi nyag gyi thang gnyis  in the lower country are Mi-Òag and Gyi-than (Yig.).
gyi na ba 	1. coarse; poor; miserable, of food, clothes, &c.: gyi na 'tsho ba  a miserable, starving life.  2. unsteady; fickle (Sch.).
gyi 'phyo 	in gcam yas bgrang yas gyi 'pho dang  n. of a number inconceivably large (Ya-sel. 57).
gyi na'i gYang 	= snyoms las pa  or las ka cher ma thub pa  state of inactivity, idleness: log chos thams cad gyi na'i gYang la bskyur  threw all heretical doctrines into the abyss of inaction. , (A. 158.).
gyi ling 	name of a good breed of horses from Amdo where there are twelve different breeds, gyi ling  and gnam sa  being the best among them (Jig.).
gyi ling chu rta sngon po 	= dngul chu  quick-silver (Sman. 118). gyi ling chu rta dkar po  = 'dzin pa dkar po  n. of a mineral medicine, probably mercury.  (Sman. 447.).
gyig 	caoutchouc; India rubber.
gyig shing 	or gyig sdong  caoutchouc tree (Sikk.).
gying 	n. of a deity, prob. king kang .
gying mo 	in W. gently slopping; gradually descending or subsiding.
gyin 	v. kying 3.  (EEE The transliteration for the headword as given in the original is gyio or gying .  It is unclear whether gying  or gyin  is meant for the headword.)
gyim bag 	amalgam; gyim bag gis 'byug pa  to gild in the fire.  (Schtr.).
gyim shang rin chen spungs pa 	Gyim shuo Rinchen spuns pa n. of an astrological work.
gyim shing +	rol mo  music, cymbal.
gyis 	1. instead of kyis , after the letters na , ma , ra , la .  2. imp. of bgyid pa , work honestly; behave well; do (so); drang pur gyis  do it straight: gyis shig  SANST do or let him do.
gyu ba +	= bkur ba  to honour; to esteem.
gyung ro 	v. gyong ra 3.
gyur 	imp. and pf. of 'gyur ba .
gyur du zin 	= gyur du chug .
gyur na 	SANST, SANST if it so happened; if it became so.
gyur pa'i rnam pa 	SANST anything changeable; subject to change.
gye gu 	SANST crookedness; curve; hunch; hump; crooked back; gye gur gyur pa  SANST double hump-back; met. a Bactrian camel.
gye gor 	n. of a Bon-po deity.
gye re 	n. of place on the Tsang-po, to the south-east of Lhasa: gye re lha pa  n. of a very old noble family of Tibet.
gyeng 	v. gyang 3.
gyed pa 	v. 'gyed pa 3.
gyen du 	up; upward; uphill: gyen du 'gro  SANST, SANST going or flowing upwards; gyen du dzag  climb up; gyen gyi dri  SANST fragrance; sweet scent; fragrant; gyen du blta ba  = yar lta ba  SANST to look upwards.
gyen rgyu 	gyen rgyu'i bu ga  (kha dang sna ) the mouth and the nose through which the wind passes upwards or downwards; gyen rgyu'i mthu  n. of a disease (Med.).
gyen rgyu 	SANST that runs upwards; fire; names of the five vital (SANST) winds in the human body.
gyen rgyug pa 	to gallop uphill; to pass upwards; to climb up.
gyen chad 	in W. (opp. to man chad )  1. the upper part of a country; bu rig gyen chad  the Upper Purig (J‰.).  2. an ascent.
gyen du 'degs pa 	to lift high; to praise.
gyen du 'dren 	SANST drawing upwards; also marriage.
gyen du brdzis pa 	SANST to turn up; to cock (a hat or cap).
gyen du lus pa 	to keep above (water).
gyen mig 	SANST, SANST the second of the seven lower regions under the earth.
gyen gzar po 	a steep ascent.
gyen bzlog pa 	SANST, to vomit.
gyen la drang po 	in W. perpendicular; vertical.
gyer 	v. dgyer ba3.
gyer bsgom 	the kind of meditation practised by the Bon-po.
gyer ling 	rta  SANST a high breed horse, or pony.
gyes 	= sa sor , v. 'gye ba 3.
gyes brjes 	SANST raised up; magnanimous; noble.
gyes pa 	SANST to analyse, resolve, separate; to split asunder.
gyo dum 	= ka ra  SANST, SANST  1. sugar.  2. potsherd.  3. brick tile (Sch.).
gyo mo 	SANST  1. gravel; grit.  2. potsherd.  3. = gye mgo  clay vessel.
gyog pa 	crooked; curved: rkang gyog  bent or crooked leg.
gyog po 	left-handed; awkward (Sch.).
gyogs 	for sgy ogs  cannon; a large gun.
gyong 	want; need; indigence: gyang 'khur ba  to be reduced to want.
gyong po 	SANST, SANST; = rig dka' ba  crooked; rough; hard to understand; kha gyong po  hard-mouthed (i.e., pulling at the reins); sems gyong po  harsh; resembling a horn or hide that can hardly be made soft; an obstinate man (A. 134); skad gyong po  imperfect language; tshig gyong po  impolite words; dgra gyong  a hard, cruel, dangerous enemy.
gyong ba 	SANST; kha gyong che  very rude; impudent (J‰.).
gyong ru ba 	SANST rough.
gyong ral +	= sa zhag  film of dirt, formed of dust and other substances, on the surface of water; scum.
gyong ro 	dried body; a mummy (Sch.).
gyod 	v. 'gyod pa 3.  (EEE The original has the Tibetan headword as gyad  but, with the transliteration "gyod" and the context, it is clearly a dropout error and has been corrected accordingly.)
gyod kha 	remorse; quarrel; law-suit.
gyod gzhi 	= 'khrug pa'i rtsa ba  the basic or grounds of a quarrel or fight: tha ma chags sdang gi gyod gzhi  the last is the ground of contention between lust and passion.
gyon pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST to put on; to dress; to wear: gyon pa lus la gyon pa'i gos  putting on the garment that one wears: gyon rgyu  materials for clothing.
gyon po 	= gnbs pa  or na bza'  SANST the garment or dress to be worn.
gyol 	SANST green shoots of leaves or twigs; gyol po  SANST a blue-necked jay.
gyos po +	I: SANST wife's father; father-in-law: gyos pos bsrung ba  SANST protected by the father-in-law.
gyos mo 	mother-in-law; the matron of a family; also any old lady of a family: gyos sgy ug  parents-in-law.
gra 	(da) one of the six early tribes of Tibet: bod mi mched pa se rmu ldong stong dang gra 'bru ste rus drug zer  the six tribes:- Hbru, Gra, Stoo, Ldoo, Rmu and Se (originated from) the five Tibetan brothers (bearing the same names) (J. Zao.).
gra rgyas 	thick and abundant (as of the mane on the neck of the lion, horse etc.): zho grod bkal dang gcan gzan gra rgyas 'dra  (the land is well-preserved) as curds carried in a sheep's paunch or like the thickly-grown mane of wild animals (youth in good circumstance is also so described): kho gra rgyas po 'dug  he is very bright and cheerful (Jig.).
gra sgrig 	to make proper preparation or arrangement or equipment for any business, &c.
gra sgri po 	everything put in order; also looking neat and clean.
gra chags po 	1. nice and smooth or glossy; very fine; fit and outwardly appearing nice.  2. appropriate; elegant; looking well (A. 126).
gra dol 	abbr. of the two names of places called Lho-gra (Lho-da) and Nang-dol (Rtsii. 25).
gra sdebs 	proper order, arrangement; also mi mang kha sdebs  uniform deposition: mdun dang log gYas gYon gyi gra sdebs  the arrangement in the front and of the right and left sides (Rtsii.).
gra pad 	1. n. of a great Lama who is said to have unearthed many Buddhist religious and medical works.  2. a net before the window to prevent passers-by from looking into the room.  3. carvings in wood; gro sogs gra pad kyi shing phug rigs  films and hollowed pieces of wood with carvings, etc. (Rtsii.).
gra phub 	gra dang phub  the bristles of barley grain and its chaff: gro nas sogs brdung nas 'bru sog gnyis so sor phyi ba'i tshe gra dang kog pa gnyis 'dres pa la gra phub zer|
gra phyi 	(da-chyi) and gra nang  (da-nao) are names of two villages in Lho-kha (Rtsii.).
gra phyi tshong 'dus 	n. of a great mart of trade in Lho-kha during the 11th century A.D. (A. 90).
gra spug 	also called rgya nag gi spug cha  a musical instrument of Chinese make, perhaps the cymbal: gra spug cha re re  the cymbal each pair (Rtsii.).
gra ma 	(ta-ma) SANST, SANST  1. awn, beard, bristle, the ears of cereals and wild grasses have: gro nas dang 'bras rnams skyes dus rtse rtsa ku sha lta bu yong ba de dag la 'bru gra ma can zer , "when the fruits of wheat and barley spring forth, to those which come in points like the Poa grass, the name of bearded grain is given."  The term 'bru gra ma can , bearded, awned plants, is opp. to 'bru gang bu can , leguminous plants.  2. trellis-work, lattice.  3. a tree or shrub, probably the Tibetan furze, Caragana versicolor.
gra ma nyams gra zur mi mang grung po rnam dag ni 	in the (irregular cornered) cell many learned and holy men lived (Jig. 36).
gra ma che 	n. of a kind of ancient time; mi las skal gra ma che  among men the blessed Gra-ma-che (Yig.).
gra zur 	(da-zur) SANST the corner or junction of sides also called grwa .
gra legs pa 	(ta leg-pa) or gra ma legs pa  the hairs of wild animals such as tiger or leopard, &c., when thick and glossy are called gra-legs-pa.
grwa 	I: (ta) 1. SANST angle; corner; side grwa ni phyogs ni kun tu yang  Grwa is quarter or direction.  2. lap; lappet; extremity; gos kyi grwa  coat-tail: lo tsAa bas chos gos kyi grwa nas bzung ste bshums pas kyang ma gnang  though the Lo-tsa-wa wept seizing the lappet of his garment, yet he (Atisa) would not bestow it.  II: a school; klog grwa  a reading school (Cs.); sgom grwa  a school for meditation; sngags grwa  a school for mystical Buddhism (Cs.); 'dul grwa  a training school; a seminary; snan grwa  a medical school; rtsis grwa  a school where mathematics is taught; yig grwa  a writing school (Cs.).
grwa khang 	SANST, SANST  1. top-house; a dome.  2. school-house, sometimes also monk's residence.
grwa grangs 	(ta-dao) the number of candidate monks in a monastery.
grwa thang 	(ta-thao) SANST corner or nook in a plain.
grwa pa 	(ta-pa) SANST  1. a school boy; a scholar; disciple.  2. generally a monk pupil or novice belonging to a monastery.
grwa dpon 	school master; chief ta-pa or monk.
grwa phrug 	a little boy who reads.
grwa tshang 	(ta-tshao) SANST school where monks are instructed in sacred literature; a section in a great monastery, where the monks belonging to one particular school of studies live together.
grwa tshogs 	(ta-tshog) a congregation or convention of monks.
grwa bzhir 	(ta-tshor) SANST in the four corners: the real meaning according to Tibetan authors in SANST, on the four sides of a house.
grwa zur 	a corner room or monk's cell.
grwa sa 	(ta-sa) a monastery; grwa sa chen po  (ta-sa chen-po) great departmental school attached to large monastery; mtshan nyid grwa sa zhig  a school where the Buddhist metaphysics is taught.
gwa ti 	plate; dish in Ld. (J‰.).
grag stong 	echo; described as brag cha lta bu stong nyid kyi sgra  a name for anything of empty sound as an echo from a rock: skye med grag stong tshig gi nga ro sgrogs| an echo without any real existence proclaims a loud cry of words (A. 14); lo zhes bya ba grag stong snyan pa'i glu dbyangs| a low noiseless refrain is called lo (A. 146): khyed kyi grag stong bsgrags pa yis|kho bo'i blo gros gas par byas  the echoes (or reverberations) of the sounds you sent forth have split my senses (Hbrom. kha 10).
grag pa 	or grags pa   1. = sgra 'byind pa  SANST the tone; pitch of a sound or voice.  2. fame; noise; rumour; talk.  3. the principal or most distinguished amongst several persons (J‰.).  4. occasionally = 'grag pa .  (EEE 'grag pa  is not defined in the dictionary 'grags pa 3 is meant here.)
grags 	SANST hope; contempt
grags pa 	I: 1. acc. to J‰. to bind or fasten up a load; so also in the colloq.  2. pf. of 'grag pa .  (EEE 'grag pa  is not defined in the dictionary; 'grags pa 3 is possibly meant.)  II: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST glory; also fame, reputation, character by report; grags pa ngan pa  notoriety; ill name; bad repute; rumour; report: de'i grags pa chen po byung  the report of it spread, was circulated (in most cases it signifies good name, renown): snyan pa dang grags pas sa'i steng thams cad khyab pa  the whole earth was filled with his fame and renown; snyan grags  reputation.
grags can 	1. famous; renowned; beautiful; splendid; glorious; proud; haughty; grags chen  SANST; of great fame; celebrated; renowned; well known.  2. SANST a merchant; grags snyan dkar ba  SANST good name; pure fame; reputation; gras 'dod can  ambitious; desirous of gaining glory, of being famous; grags ldan  SANST, SANST one who is celebrated or possessed of fame: snyan pa'i grags pas phyogs rnams kun tu sgrogs  (his) fame spread in all quarters (everywhere).
grags pa rgyal mtshan *	(Schr.; Ta. 31), lit. banner of glory; n. of a governor of Tibet.
grags pa can 	= snyan grags can  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST illustrious; renowned; rgyang nas grags pa che ba  of great renown; to celebrity, fame, glory; rnyed pa dang grags pa la chags pa  greedy of gain and fame.
grags pa thob pa 	= mkhas pa , a learned man.
grags pa 'od zer *	n. pr. (Schr.).
grags pa'i bshes gnyen *	n. pr. (Schr.; Ta. 2, 205).
grags byin 	SANST one of the devoted attendants of the Buddha: bcom ldan 'das 'khor lnga sde dang grags byin dang 'char ka la sogs .
grags ma 	Paldan Lhamo, also called dpal lha mo  Dpal lha-mo, i.e., Shri-Devi.
grags mu khyud 	SANST n. of a legendary king, the sphere or circle of whose fame was very wide.  (EEE The headword in the original is given as grags mu khyad  but this seems to be in error; the transliteration given for the headword, "Grags mu-khyud", confirms the correct spelling shown above.)
grags 'dzin ma 	SANST the wife of the Buddha Sakyamuni.
grags yas 	1. SANST of world-wide fame; of boundless celebrity.  2. n. of number.  3. n. of a district in Khams.
grang ba 	(tang-wa) also grang mo  SANST, adj. cold, cool; colloq. partakes of the nature of a verb in such phrases as grang gi 'dug , he feels cold; grang ngo  it is cold.  In such phrases, however, it is common to insert the word gnam , the sky, e.g. (colloq.), nam tang-mo re, the sky is cold, i.e., "it is cold"; grang skyob  SANST protection from cold; warm woollen clothes: grang ba dang dro ba zhes bya'i bya  the bird called the SANST cold and warmth; this fabulous bird is a native of the forest called in Tibetan sgrib pa sngon pa'i nags , the primeval shady forest; its sight relieves one from the effects of cold or heat: grang ba ni dro bar gyur  the cold will be changed into warmth; grang bas gzir  frozen or congealed by cold; grang 'gro bar 'dug  it will grow cold.  Syn. lhags grang ; 'khyags ; lhags pa ; bsil ba ; bser ba ; grang reg ; grang ngad  (Moon.).
grang ba sel 	SANST warm; where there is no cold to remove.
grang ba'i dus 	SANST, SANST the cold season.
grang ba'i nad 	SANST, the cold fit of the ague; grum bu  gout; rheumatism; arthritic pain; grang dro  cold and warmth, temperature; grang shus byed pa  to shiver with cold.
grang ba'i gnas 	a cool place.
grang klung 	lit. cold valley; n. of a large village under Kamba Jong on the other side of the Kangchen Juoga mountain.
grang dmyal brgyad 	the eight cold hells, v. dmyal ba 3.
grang gzhi 	disease induced by cold, gen. dispepsia.
grang reg pho nya 	= bya skyung ka  the jack-daw (Moon.).  (EEE The headword transliteration in the original is given as "brang-reg pho-Òa" but that is incorrect; the Tibetan spelling given in the original and shown above is correct.)
grang rlung 	SANST a disease allied to rheumatism, also cold in the stomach.
grangs 	(daog) SANST number; lan grangs du mar  a multiplied number, many times; grangs med par  innumerable; grangs ma mchis par  having no number or without number; numberless; grangs 'debs pa  or rtsis pa  to count; also an accountant; grangs brda  symbolical numerals of certain nouns, which in some books are used instead of the usual numerals, for instance mig , the eye for "two" (Cs.)  1. SANST sign.  2. SANST astrologer.
grangs kyi rnam grangs 	arithmetical enumeration; enumeration of the numbers used in the sacred books of Tibet as compiled from the work called (mdzod 'grel ) are:- (1) gcig  one; (2) bcu  10; (3) brgya  100; (4) stong  1000; (5) khri ; 10,000; (6) 'bum ; 100,000; (7) sa ya ; 1,000,000; (8) bye ba ; 10,000,000; (9) dung phyur  100,000,000; (10) ther 'bum ; 1,000,000,000; (11) ther 'bum chen po  10,000,000,000; (12) khrag khrig ; 100,000,000,000; (13) khrag khrig chen po ; 1,000,000,000,000; (14) rab bkram ; 10,000,000,000,000; (15) rab bkram chen po ; 100,000,000,000,000; (16) gtams ; 1,000,000,000,000,000; (17) gtams chen po ; 10,000,000,000,000,000; (18)100,000,000,000,000,000; (19) dkrigs chen po  1,000,000,000,000,000,000.  Next, the following are progressive numbers increasing by multiples of ten up to 60 figures: 20, mi 'khrug ; 21, mi 'khrug chen po ; 22, khyad 'byin ; 23, khyad 'byin chen po : 24, spang rten ; 25, spang rten chen po ; 26, ded 'dren ; 27, ded 'dren chen po ; 28, mtha' snang ; 29, mtha' snang chen po ; 30, rgyu rigs ; 31, rgyu rigs chen po ; 32, 'od mdzes ; 33, 'od mdzes chen po ; 34, dbang po ; 35, dbang po chen po ; 36, legs 'byin ; 37, legs 'byin chen po ; 38, rtogs 'gro ; 39, rtogs 'gro chen po ; 40, 'bying rdul ; 41, 'bying rdul chen po ; 42, rgya rtags ; 43, rgya rtags chen po ; 44, stobs 'khor ; 45, stobs 'khor chen po ; 46, brda' shes ; 47, brda' shes chen po ; 48, rnam 'byung ; 49, rnam 'byung chen po ; 50, stobs mig ; 51, stobs mig chen po .  Up to this number there are Sanskrit equivalents; from 53 to 60 there are no Sanskrit equivalents, the Tibetans having introduced new names to replace lost originals.  53, byams pa ; 54, byams pa chen po ; 56, snying rje ; 56, snying rje chen po ; 57, dga' ba ; 58, dga' ba chen po ; 59, btang snyoms ; 60, btang snyoms chen po .  These sixty numbers are used in astronomical and astrological calculations.
grangs can 	SANST  1. a countless number.  2. mkhas pa  or rig pa can  SANST an intelligent man; a learned man (Moon.).
grangs can pa 	SANST the oldest of the atheistic philosophical sects of the Brahmans, called Saokhya.
grangs bcas 	1. SANST the dawn, or the goddess of the dawn.  2. lit. "together with the number."
grangs 'byams 	SANST numberless; countless.
grangs mang cha 	[SANST, repeated four times]S.
grangs med 	1. SANST countless; numberless.  2. SANST a crawling; SANST white leprosy: grangs med kyi khyad par  the distinction of being countless, numberless; grangs med can  SANST supreme.
grangs med gcig 	(the numberless one).  In the work called MaÒjushri-mula Tantra ('jam dpal rtsa rgyud ) the following numbers are said to have been in use in Ancient India among the laity for worldly purposes:- From 1 to 10, i.e., gcig  to ther 'bum , and 11, shu rngog ; 12, mchog nyal ; 13, skya 'phyis ; 14, bye ma ; 15, nub nub ; 16, mtsho yas ; 17, ldabs phyor ; 18, rdzi ,óall these being each a multiple of another by ten.  In the work called phal po che  the numbers vary after the eighth, i.e., bye ba ; such as khod khod , thad dgu , khrig khrig , thams thams  and so on up to 128 places, increasing by multiples of one hundred.  In the Lalita Vistara there are thirty-two numbers, also increasing in multiples of a hundred.
grangs gsher 	to enumerate; count the number one by one.
grangs su 'gro 	SANST goes into numbers; is counted: khrangs su bcug pa , put into numbers; counted: grangs su yang  SANST even in number.
grab rgyab 	pride; boasting (Sch.).
grabs 	I: gshom byed ; gra sgrig   1. preparation; arrangement; measures; contrivance; grabs byed pa  to make preparation for; 'gro ba'i grabs byed pa  to prepare to go: gsod grabs yod pa'i tshe na  just as preparations were being made for slaughtering them (Mil.).  2. defined as de ma thag nges par 'byung ba'i don "signifies the certainty about the time of immediate action": yong grabs 'dug  was on the point of coming, or am just coming; brdung grabs byas byung  was about to beat or strike; shi grabs byas byung  was almost dying or dead; gsad grabs byas byung , was about to kill; thob grabs yin  was about to get or gain; shor grabs yin  is about to slip or run away; tshar grabs yod  is about to finish; nang nang gnyis grabs mthun ne  on mutual agreement.  3. deliberation: nged phyir grabs byed kyin 'dug  they were deliberating about me (in W.).  II: SANST place or object of reflection, thought, etc.: grabs yul lta bu , grabs gyis , ston mo lta bu .
gram 	1. chu nang gi rdo  a kind of stone found in water (Oag).  2. gram pa  swamp; marsh; fen (Lex.).  3. 'grem pa  (Mio.).
gram pa kham bu 	one of the places of pilgrimage of the Bon (G. Bon. 38).
gram sa 	SANST stony.
gral 	(dal) 'phreng ba  SANST row, range, series; also a rope, cord; SANST, SANST, class, stratum.
gral mgo 	or gral gyi thog ma  the upper end of a row; the uppermost place; the seat at the head of a table; gYas gral  the right hand row; gYon gral  the left hand row; tshogs gral   1. the order or file of monks in a religious congregation; grwa pa mang po ya yo med par sgrig nas bzhugs pa  many novice sitting in rows without being awry; bzhugs gral  the order of seats, also the order or row in which lamas and chiefs, high and low, sit according to their position or rank in any public or social gathering; rten gral  row of religious symbols; mchod gral  row of offerings for the gods or offerings place in one or more rows; lha gral  the order or row in which the images are placed in a temple; mi gral  the row or order in which men are seated; gral gtam  house-talk (J‰.); dbang gral  the row of supplicants waiting for benediction: mched grogs dang dbang gral mthun dus su  when you are sitting with your brethren (fellow-believers) in one row.
gral sgrig 	or gral du sgrig pa  to arrange in order, dispose in rows.
gral tshes 	= tshes grangs  date; a consecutive date.
gral rim 	I: SANST line; row; file in which monks sit in any religious service or congregation: rgan gzhon gral rim  the order in which the young and old sit; the right of seniority; grub thob rim gro gral rim bzhin  the religious services of the perfected saints according to the order of seniority (Zam.).  Syn. gral du sgrigs pa ; tshar du dngar ; phreng bkod ; lu gu rgyud ; khrig chags bkod  (Moon.).  II: (dal-rim) acc. to J‰. claim; title.
gral skyong ba 	SANST a shadow.
gral pa 	a beer-house customer (J‰.).
gral ma 	a small beam; rafter (Cs.); gral bu gral phyam  roof-laths; sticks which are laid close together and covered with earth (J‰.).
gras 	class, order, series; rank, dignity; tribe (Cs.).
gras pa 	1. to bind, for dras pa .  2. (Bengali) SANST wooden beams or rails.
gri 	(di) SANST, SANST, SANST, a knife, weapon; SANST sabre.  Different kinds of weapons:- chu gri , gri thung , ral gri'i bu , gri gug , gri 'khyog po , dgra sta , sta ri , sta gri , ral gri'i 'khrul 'khor , gri sgur , sa rang .  Syn. shang lang ; brdeg cha ; rjes su gcod ; lag skyong ; zla ba 'dzum byed ; gYul du 'dzin ; mtshon cha'i gzhi ; sgrol byed ; dpal gyi snying po ; gcod byed ; sha ma ka  (Moon.).
gri kha 	the edge of a knife.
gri gu 	= khug cig  niche; corner (A. 57).  yang rdo rje gdan gyi gra gu na bud med cig  again a woman in a niche of the temple, &c., at Vajrasana.
gri gu chung 	SANST small knife.
gri gug 	a short crooked sword.
gri gum btsan po 	one of the ancient kings of Tibet, son of Srib-khri btsan, who was assassinated with a knife.
gri non 	SANST n. of a disease.
gri bya gag gi gshog pa lta bu 	SANST a knife of the shape of the wings of a cock.
gri bya rog gi mchu 	SANST a knife of the shape of the crow's bill.
gri mag 	v. grib ma 3.
gri dmar 	(lit. the red knife) knife of superior quality manufactured in Tibet.
gri'i so 	sharp edge of a knife.
gri'i tse mo 	SANST the point of a scimitar or sword.
gri'u 	a small knife.
gri sha 	explained as skyes pa dang ma gri la shi ba'i sha  flesh of an adult man who has been killed with a sword (this flesh being used in sorcery).
grir rngam pa 	or grir bsod pa  or grir 'gum pa  to kill (or being killed) with a knife.
grin pa 	(din-pa) prob. sgrin po 3 skilful; clever (J‰.).
grib 	(dib) shade; defilement; stain or spot; filth; contamination, mostly in a religious sense: grib yong  contamination, pollution will arise: ro grib  defilement by or from a corpse; grib sel  the removal of defilement; also one in whom there is no defilement; n. of a Buddha.  zas grib  unclean food or pollution of food; gos grib  dirty clothes, or defilement in clothes; yugs grib  or pollution of widowhood; bag grib  or the defilement that is brought by different people assembled in a marriage; dmar grib  or pollution of blood or anything slain red-handed; dam grib  pollution by the breach of a vow; unchastity; 'khon grib  defilement by quarrel or fight; bshan grib  defilement in slaughter pertaining to butchers, or defilement from murder; mna' grib  defilement caused by oath or by the barbarous custom of killing animals and swearing over their blood (prevailing among the Kham-pa tribes); nal grib  defilement from incest.
grib kyi phu 	shady valley, generally on the north side of a mountain range (cf. sribs ); grib phyogs  the shady side of a hill or mountain, the side not exposed to the sun.  (EEE The original reads "cf. sribs " but use the alternate spelling srib 3.)
grib khrus 	the washing of defilement.
grib can 	stubborn; refractory (J‰.).
grib mdos 	offerings made to Bon deities for removing some defilement.
grib gnon 	1. SANST, SANST shadow, or  2. btsog pa'i grib  defilement from unclean things, filth, night-soil, &c.: chos grwar grul bum grib gnon bsrungs  in a religious school there should be protection against defilement from harpies (Zam. 2.).
grib gnon gyi gdon 	a demon that defiles and poisons food; a harpy.
grib ma 	shade; shadow; grib dang grib ma'i grol  (Zam. 2) SANST; shing gi grib ma  the shadow of a tree.
grib ma sngon po'i nags 	forest of the dark-blue shade in the fabulous northern continent of Uttara Kuru.
grib ma'i lam 	SANST the milky-way; also a path by the shady side of a mountain or in the valley.
grib ma'i lus 	SANST, the shadowy body, i.e., body of defilements.
grib sel 	the removing of pollution or defilement of any symbol, image, sacred books, or offerings by religious rites.
grib so 	the quickly vanishing, at sunset, of the shadows of trees, &c.; grib so mngon par rab tu babs pa  SANST hanging down, also lengthening of shadows before they vanish in the shade of night; grib so cher babs pa  SANST long projection of shadows.
grib srung 	guarding against defilement.
grib bsangs 	cleansed or purified of defilement; purification of defilement.
grib lhags 	cool shade (Sch.).
grim pa 	to hasten; to hurry (Sch.).
grim rtse 	acc. to J‰. a pair of scissors (in Sikkim sounded "kyimtse").  (EEE The headword is shown as grim rtsi  but both transliterations and standard spelling indicate that it should be grim rtse .)
grims pa 	SANST, SANST clever; skilful; dexterous; also careful; on the alert; rig pa grims pa  to be careful; on the alert: grwa sa grims shig  be attentive in the monastic school: ri khrod grims shig  on a hill range take care.
gril 	(dil) (cf. 'gril ba 3) a roll; shog gril  rolled paper; a paper roll: shog bus gril nas bzhag byung  kept rolled up in paper: gos gril  a roll of satin or cloth; a garment folded up (Cs.).
gril kha byed pa 	to make up a parcel.  (Sch.).
gru 	I: 1. a figure, corner, tip, anything with length and breadth; gru bzhi  a figure with four corners, gen. a square; yul gru  a country with certain dimensions, i.e., the division of a country in provinces or districts.  2. lustre; gru dmar  a reddish lustre from precious stones.  3. a district of Tibet lying to the east and north of Dbus (Jig.).  II: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST general term for boat, raft, vessel; also gru shan  a boat, ferry.  Syn. rtags gsum pa ; gru yi rab ; sgrol bar byed ; pha mthar sgrol ; seng ge can ; rta mgo can ; chu'i shing rta  (Moon.).
gru dkar 	(du-kar) a kind of turquoise.
gru skya 	SANST that which falling on water strikes it; an oar (Moon.).  Syn. skyod byed ; bsgral ba'i shing rta .
gru kha 	or gru shan kha  or gru btang sa  landing place on the side of a river, etc.; a ferry.  See maps in Survey Report of A. K.'s journey.
gru khug 	the keel of a ship.  (EEE the original has "the keel of a slip" but this is obviously a typographical error and has been corrected.)
gru mkhan 	SANST navigator; a ferry man.
gru ga 	1. clew; hank.  2. n. of a country.  3. stone or paint of whitish-blue colour.
gru gu 	1. a thread-ball; yarn in round ball.  2. mtshon gyi gru gu  n. of a village in Tibet (Jig.).
gru gu rgya ra 	n. of a village in Kham (Loo. 27).
gru gla 	passage money at a ferry; a boatman's fee.
gru char 	1. rains; rainy season: yul gru kun la khyab par 'bebs pa'i char , rains that fall over the whole country and produce a good harvest.  2. a fine, fertile rain (Sch.).
gru ma 	(du-ma) angle; corner; convex or concave; also edge, border, brim.  (Cs.).
gru chod 	or grub zin  SANST corner; angle.
gru gsum 	SANST a triangle; gru bzhi ; a square; gru drang  a right angle; gru yon  or gru gYel  oblique angled.
gru bzhi 	n. of a stone: gru bzhis klad pa gso zhing chu ser 'dren  the stone called Grub-bshi heals the brain and draws out pus.
gru 'dren 	SANST, defined as gru nang du 'jug pa'i skye bo'i ming , person conveyed in a boat.  People who journey by boat are:- mgron po  guest; don mthun  merchant, trader; gru la zhon  boat passengers.
gru pa 	ferryman.
gru bo 	= gru gzings  ship (J‰.).
gru btsas +	boatman's fee; gru btsas pa , chu la khral sdud pa po  collector of a ferry.
gru tshugs 	gru btong sa  a ferry or ghat: de nas se dmar gyi gru tshugs la byon nas  then he arrived at the ferry of Se-dmar (A. 91).
gru tshums pa 	= kha tshums pa  or kha rog sdod pa  to sit silent, without speaking.
gru 'dzin 	SANST, SANST  1. n. of a mountain in the south of India; also the residence of Avalokitesvara on the small island of Puto off Shanghai; n. of the residence of the Grand Lama at Lhasa.  2. an harbour.
gru yi yan lag 	= gru skya  an oar (Moon.).
gru yi rab 	= gru shan  a ship (Moon.).
gru yi gshog pa 	= gru skya  oar; the wings of a boat (Moon.).  Syn. gru'i yan lag ; gYob byed ; skya ba  (Moon.).
gru yis sgrol 	SANST a navigator.
gru las 'das pa 	SANST one who has made a voyage.
gru shan 	= gru yi rab  a ship; gru shan kha  = grung btang sa  starting or landing place of a ferry; gru shan pa  ferryman; gru la zhon pa  to go on a ferry-boat.
gru mo 	(du-mo) the elbow; gre mo , kun ni , SANST the elbow, or ka u ni  SANST, lag pa'i tshigs pa bar pa'i rtse tog  the top most piece of the middle joint of the arm: gru mor kha §ma ka bzung ba  holding a trident in the hollow of his elbow.  lag pa'i gru mo  is defined as nye ba'i dpung pa ; gru mo'i khug  the hollow of the elbow joint: lag pa'i gru mo re jo bo'i pus mo'i steng na bzhag  resting each elbow on the knees of the lord (A. 135).
grug pa 	to break into small pieces; to crumble; to bruise; grug pa'i 'bras  bruised rice (Sch.); grugs bu  something broken.
grung po 	I: (duo-po) = grung ba , skyang po , rig pa grims pa   1. very intelligent; SANST clever; wise; prudent.  2. meek; mild; gentle (Cs.).  II: the corn seed that is not rotten (Jig.).
grub 	I: (dup) pronounced rub, in the upper Himalayas and Shar-Khombu, signifying in Ld. all: grub shi song  all are dead (J‰.).  Rub-te: altogether, jointly.  II: SANST; byed pa po dngos su med par rang rang gis grub pa  anything accomplished or done by itself without any agent.
grub mchog 	= grub chen  a great saint; grub mchog ma  SANST a female saint.
grub thob 	SANST a saint, occurs in the following passage of (Zam. 2):- grub thob rim gro gral rim bzhin ; grub brnyes  one who has gained perfection.
grub mtha' 	I: 1. SANST, SANST, established conclusion; opinion; theory (Zam.): phyi nang gi grub mtha' ma 'chams par  there being no conformity of doctrinal principles between the Brahmans and the Buddhists.  II: = thar pa'i blo gros  resolution for liberation from miseries; determination for obtaining Nirvana (Moon.).
grub pa 	I: 1. SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST; pf. of 'grub pa 3 to accomplish.  2. grub par byed 'jug  SANST, SANST a saint: grub pas btags pa  SANST accomplished by a saint; grub pas bstan pa  taught or preached by a saint; grub par gyur cig  SANST be it ready, completely, perfect.  II: zin pa  SANST, SANST existing; success; ma grub pa  not existing (J‰.): grub pa dang bde ba  SANST the happiness arising from yoga or union with the supreme spirit (in Brahmanism) and with the eternal Sunyata or void in Buddhism: grub pa lus , the formed body; either the frame, the structure, the body, or more prob. an abbreviation of phung po lnga las grub pa'i lus , the body that is made of the five skandha (aggregates); grub pa'i don can  what is necessary in the charms of necromancy for propitiation; SANST mustard.
grub pa'i dbang phyug 	= grub chen  great saint (Yig. k. 11).
grub pa'i rang byon  an ras gzigs 	the saint originated or existing by himself; the self-formed Avalokitesvara; lhun grub  or lhun gyi grub pa  SANST self-originated or self-formed: don grub  or don thams cad grub pa  SANST a name of the Buddha, in whom there is the fulfilment of every purpose; also the name of a magic spell or formula.
grum pa 	the Tibetan badger: rlung sems 'dzin pa phyi ba dang grum pas kyang shes gsung  he said both the badger and the marmot know how to suspend animation and rlungóa reflection upon the practices of Tibetan ascetics or nal-jor (A. 70): grum pa'i rgyu mas rgyu gzer 'joms  the intestines of the badger overcome colic.
grum po 	a maimed person; a cripple.
grum bu 	(dum-bu) or grum nad  also called trem , gout or rheumatism.  sha grum , acc. to J‰. dreg grum  podagra; a feeling of lameness in the limbs; rus grum  gout affecting the bones; rtsa grum  rheumatic pain in the muscles.  chu grum , grum dkar , grum nag , seem to be varieties of small-pox.
grul bum 	(dul-bum) SANST, SANST a class of vampire-ghouls feeding in cemeteries; grul bum ma  SANST females of the above.
grul bum can 	n. of a medicinal drug; an esculent root, Arum campanulatum (a cure for piles).  Syn. rtsub mo ; ga gon ; aar sha 'joms  SANST that which cures piles: bra bo rgod ; 'ded byed sdong po  hded-byed spoo-po (Moon.).  (EEE The headword in the original is transliterated as "Grul-bun-can" but this is probably a mistake and the Tibetan headword has been left unchanged.)
grul bum zla ba'i nu zho can 	are the following three:- klu dug  (nag ), gza' dug  (dkar ), gnyan dug  (kha ) (Sman. 350).
grus po 	(du-po) a yak only two or three years old (J‰.).
gre 	(de) SANST the eleventh of the twenty-seven constellations mentioned in works on astronomy.  Syn. mtsho skyes ; rta chu ; 'tsho skyes  (Moon.).
gre skyes 	SANST born in the constellation of SANST.
gre ga 	a sheet of paper (J‰.).
gre sna 	n. of a place in the province of Koo-po in Central Tibet.
gre ba 	(de-wa) = mgrin pa  or glo yu  SANST, SANST the fore part of the neck, the throat, both wind-pipe and the gullet; voice; gre ba bde mo  a good voice; gre ba gags pa  obstruction in the throat; hoarseness; gre ba dar ba  a stertorous voice; gre bsal btang byed  in W. to hawk; to hem; to clear the throat (J‰.).
gre bo 	a species of demons; gre mo  female demons of this kind.
gre mag 	vulg. for gra ma  awn of barley or of Poa grass.
gre mog 'bu 	in W. ant; emmet (J‰.).
gren 	occurs in gren gyi dong du bcings pa'i ri mo can  (Jig. 32).
gren tshag 	plaited wicker work in straight rows.
gre'u 	+ I: or dre'u , a young bear: co ros gre'u gcig phul bas  Cho-ro having presented a young bear (A. 63).  II: SANST pea, peas; mon sran gre'u  a kind of pea growing in the Sub-Himalayas.
gres ma 	1. the flashing lightning (Schtr.).  2. dres ma  a kind of plant: gres ma'i ge sar srin gsod glang thabs 'joms  the pistil of dres-ma kills worms and overcome the diseases called glao-thabs.
gro 	SANST wheat; gro skam  dry wheat.
gro ga 	(do-ga) or gro kha  SANST, or shing stag pa'i pags pa  white birch bark used for writing charms on; also acc. to J‰. used for ornamenting bows: rang yul du skyes pa'i gro ga'am shing shun nam ta la'i lo ma'am shog bu 'am ras dkar po la sngags 'di bris  wrote these mantras on white cloth or paper or leaves of the palmyra or the bark of the birch which grew in their country (Surao.).
gro dong 	the winter granary of wheat in Tibet; an under-ground cell where wheat is kept during the winter.
gro tshag 	sieve for sifting wheat.
gro ba 	or gro mo  reddish grey.
gro bzhin 	SANST the twenty-second or twenty-third constellation in the astronomical works of Tibet and India.  Syn. 'phrog byed ; bon po ; bya spo  (Moon.).
gro bzhin gyi nya ba 	SANST the full moon in the month of July-August.
gro bzhin gyi zla ba 	or zla ba bdun pa  the month of Shravana.
gro bzhin byed 	(do-shin-chÈ) hole under the ground where wheat is kept in winter (A. K.).
gro yos 	(do-yo) parched wheat or corn.
gro ril 	ball of dough, or lump made of moistened wheat flour.
gro sog 	(do-sog) stalks of wheat, wheat-straw.
gro ma 	(do-ma) SANST, SANST  1. the sweet potato of Tibet.  2. name of a herb (Vai. so.) [the grass Scripus Kysoor]S.  rgya gro  or rgya'i gro ma  the potato introduced from India: gro ma mngar yang nus bsil tsha 'khru gcod  the potato being sweet is cooling and stops diarrhúa.  (EEE the original has rgya'i kro ma  rgyahi gro-ma above.) (EEE the original has grom mngar , etc., above.)
gro ma lung 	n. of a place in the north of Tibet (Ka-thao. 168).
gro lung 	n. of a village in the province of Lho-kha.
gro lo ma 	(do-lo-ma) gos chen  a kind of satin; silk stuff.
gro sa 	village in the district of Phenyul.
gro ho 	(do-ho) phyag rgya rnams so  a mystical word used in the Mahamudra Tantrik rites (K. g. ga 215).
grog 	= grog ma  or grog mo  SANST, SANST ant; emmet.  Syn. srin phran ma ; rgyu rgyu ra ; gshin rje'i bu  (Moon.).
grog sked 	waist of the ant; also narrow as that is.
grog mkhar 	SANST ant-hill.  Syn. brgya byin  i bo ; ldan brtsegs ; grog ma'i tshang , grog ma'i mkhar  (Moon.).
grog po 	1. SANST a deep ravine in which a torrent flows; the sides of such ravines are termed gad-pa, chu chen pos brus nas byung ba'i grog po'am|gad pa yang zer  that which is caused by the erosion of great waters is also styled grogs-po or gad-pa.
grog spu 	v. grog ma , ant (Oag. 52).  (EEE The original inserts the phrase "to grog-sbu" immediately after the headword; it has been omitted here to avoid confusion as it appears to have no meaning.) (EEE The original reads "v. grog ma ," try the alternative spelling of grog 3.)
grog tshang 	= grog ma'i tshang  ant-hill.
grog zhing 	I: or 'brog zhing  cultivation in uneven narrow ground away from villages or gen. in wild places where cattle are pastured.  II: rma dang gzer skrangs chu sri sel  n. of medicine which cures obstruction of the urine; a kind of moss growing on the sides of chorten, and old walls, etc.
grog gYang 	lateral gully on hill-side: grog chu , brook; rivulet, v. grog po 3.
grog gzar 	a torrent pouring down a ravine.
grogs 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST a friend, companion, fellow labourer, assistant; paramour, also husband; kha grogs  a seeming friend: a friend in words; a false friend; rting grogs  or rnying grogs  true friend, bosom friend, associate, companion, comrade, fellow; grogs khye  playmate or play-fellow; dpung grogs , fellow combatants, comrades; 'dug grogs  or bzhugs grogs  fellow-lodger; dga' grogs , gtan grogs  spouse; husband; wife; 'dod grogs  or 'dod rogs  sweetheart; mdza' grogs  a lover; gzim grogs  bed-fellow (not only concubine); dmag grogs  ally, confederate (in war); las grogs  colleague; journeyman; under-workman; tshig grogs  an auxiliary word.  [N.B.: In pop. works and colloq. language the word grogs  sounded ro or rog is combined with verbs in the imp.  To give a polite turn to any request; "nang-ro-nang" please give; "tˆn-rog-nang" "will you kindly show," etc.
grogs ngan 	a bad friend.
grogs dan 	SANST help or assistance.
grogs 'dris 	mutual friendship.
grogs po 	(tog-po) SANST, SANST, SANST friend; ally.
grogs byed pa 	I: to befriend; to make friendship; to assist; to be friends.  phan tshuln grogs byed pa  to cultivate friendship; to be mutual friends.  II: SANST, SANST assistance; aiding.  grogs byed pa  is synonymous with rogs ram ; in writing sometimes sdongs grogs  is also used.  (EEE meaning II above is rendered under the head grogs byed  in the original but should be grogs byed pa  by internal context.)
grogs mo 	a female friend; also a mistress.  zla mo ; na mnyam ma ; pho nya mo ; kun  od mtshungs ma ; 'phrin skyel ma  (Moon.).
grogs bzang 	or grogs bzang po  SANST, SANST friendship, also sweetheart.
grong 	I: or grongs  pf. of 'grong ba  to die; grong 'jug  resurrection bringing life to a dead body, translating the soul from one body to another: bstan 'gro'i don mdzad cing skal ldan gyi grong 'jug lan bzhir mdzad par grags shing  having done service to religion, and living beings he is said to have four times performed the noble work of translating a soul from one body to another (J. Zao.).  II: 1. SANST, SANST an inhabited place; a village; hamlet; also house; brgya grong  a place of a hundred; stong grong  thousand houses or households (J‰.); grong la 'gro  SANST going or gone to the village: grong gsum mthar byed  SANST he who has destroyed the three habitable spheres, the god Siva.
grong khyer 	(doo-khyer) SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST a town or city; a place which is surrounded by a wall, originally a palace.  That is called a country or yul  where there are 100 lakhs of households, a place where there are 100,000 households is called yul 'khor  or province.  In a city (grong khyer ) which is gen. fortified there should be at least 10,000 households; a town with population less than 800 is called a grong  in Sans. SANST.  Syn. pho brang 'khor ; mi grong ; grong khyim ; lus can gnas ; dmangs 'dul gnas ; mur ga ti ; sa bskos ;  od pa'i phur bu ; 'jigs med gnas ; mi bskyod gnas ; srung byed ; skyong byed  (Moon.).
grong khyer dgra 	SANST the enemy of the city, Siva.
grong khyer 'jig 	SANST Indra.
grong khyer rje 	= yul gyi bdag po  or yul 'khor dbang  sheriff, also the chief of a city; also rgyal phran  a petty Raja (Moon.).
grong khyer  od 	met. for a crow.
grong khyer dpal yon can *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 166).
grong khyer me tog *	SANST (Schr.) lit. the city of flowers; it is the same as Pataliputra or Patna.
grong gi gcan gzan 	SANST met. for dog (Moon.).
grong gi brjod pa 	SANST provincialism; country or rural language; grong gi nye 'khor  SANST the suburbs: grong gi 'thab mo  feuds and quarrels (among villagers.).
grong gi bdag 	SANST, SANST the headman of a village.
grong dra ba can 	SANST (grong mtha' la dra ba bskor ba ) a town surrounded with fortifications; grong gi dra ba  SANST a circle or circuit of a village; fortification round a city: grong gi 'phreng ldan ma , SANST the village flower-woman: grong gi gtso bo  the chief man in a town or village; a headman.
grong grangs 	the number of houses in a village or town.
grong mchog 	chief city; also scene; sphere.
grong bsnyen 	a grong du mtshams bsnyen sgrub byed pa  a lama who performs meditations or asceticism remaining inside a village or town; dben na mi bsten pa'i grong bsnyen dar ba dang  one not performing the practice of asceticism by going to any solitude (Ya-sel. 21).
grong gtam 	country speech or language.
grong bdag 	= grong pa'i gtso bo  the headman of a village or city.
grong rdal 	= grong brdal  SANST, SANST a large town (which is not enclosed by a wall) together with its suburbs.
grong sde'i phra ma mkhan 	= dkrugs shing byed mkhan  one who causes or excites brawls, feuds, etc., among village people or communities.
grong pa 	a villager; one holding a house; a tenant.
grong pa'i chos 	= pho mo 'khrig pa  sexual union (Moon.).
grong pa'i chos kyis ma gos pa 	= bu mo pho dang ma phrad pa  virgin purity; a maiden not touched by a male (Sman. 289).
grong dpon 	SANST, SANST, SANST the chief of a town or village.
grong ba 	(dong-wa) in C. acc. to J‰. used for grang ba : cold.
grong bar 	the middle of a village or hamlet.
grong spangs 	SANST one who is liberated or has abandoned the life of a layman or householder.
grong tshig 	SANST provincialism: grong tshig gis ma slad par  = grong skad kyis ma 'dres par  not mixed up with provincialisms.
grong tsho 	large village; town; several hamlets taken together.
grong mtsho mer mo 	n. of a village in the district of e in Lhokha: e lab kyi 'dab grong mtsho mer mo  (Loo. za 30).
grong gzhi 	an estate; farm (Sch.).
grong yul 	country place (J‰.).
grongs +	(dong), v. 'grong ba  resp. to die; rang gi shi ba la zhes byas pa  is resp. for natural death.  (EEE 'grong ba  does not occur as a headword in the dictionary but see under grong 3.)
grod pa 	or gsus pa  belly; generally the paunch of ruminating animals; in colloq. language it is sometimes applied to the stomach or pho ba : mar grod  butter kept in the dried paunch of a sheep.
grod spom 	(doi-bom) a large belly; also the dried paunch of a bullcock to keep oil.
gron can 	(don-can) disadvantageous; injurious.
gron che 	very noxious (J‰.); gron med  harmless; innoxious (Lex.).
gron pa 	I: (don-pa) explained as 'gro sgo chen po , much expenditure; expensive; also to expend, squander: bod kyi nor mang po gron pa dang  having squandered much wealth and men of Tibet: snag shog gron pa  (Oag.) waste or expenditure of much paper and ink.  II: explained by mi tshan che'am bzod che'am bsran che ba , applied to a great or illustrious family, to one who is very patient or for bearing, a thing that is very durable and hard.
gron shas 	'gro sgo  item of expenditure; also the account of the distribution and lending of grain.
grom pa rgyang 	n. of a place in Tsang which contained one of the twelve temples said to have been erected by King srong btsan sgam po  (Ya-sel. 41).
grol 	(dol) SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 5) release; deliverance.
grol nyen 	(dol-Òin) the day when the annual assembly of the lamas dissolve.
grol ston 	(dol-ton) a festival on the day when lamas relax after the term of the special devotions in over.
grol 'dod 	SANST wishing to be emancipated or set free from transmigratory existence and misery, etc.; abbreviation of 'khor ba dang sdug bsngal sogs las grol bar 'dod pa .
grol ba 	(dol-wa) pf. of 'grol ba , also sbst.  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST deliverance; deliverance from worldly existence.
grol ba can 	SANST  1. relating to emancipation; deliverance.  2. sbst. pearl: SANST that has been delivered from the oyster.  Syn. mu tig ; na le sham  (Moon.).
grol bu'i lha lnga 	the five demigods or, perhaps, Naga demi-gods.
grol med 'joms 	SANST the killer of Namuci; an epithet of Indra.
gros 	I: = (doi) mol ba   1. advice; counsel.  2. = gtam  speech; talk; bka' gros  conference; committee.  II: acc. to Cs. care, heed, caution.
gros grogs 	(doi-dog) a consulting friend; anyone consulted with.
gros can 	careful; cautious.
gros gcam +	1. consultation.  2. = gros byed pa  to consult.
gros mthun par 	unanimously; by unanimous decree.
gros dri sa 	(doi-di-sa) the place where advice may be asked; an oracle.  (EEE The transliteration of the headword in the original is given as "gros hdri-sa" or gros 'dri sa .  That spelling is possible but the Tibetan given in the original, shown above, is most likely.)
gros 'debs pa 	giving advice.
gros 'dri ba 	to ask (a person's) advice; to consult (with one).
gros pa 	(doi-pa) adviser; counsellor; senator; also advice; gros byas pa  (doi-je-pa) to have consulted; SANST consultation; conference; gros byed pa  (doi-je-pa) SANST to consider; to deliberate; to resolve; decide after consideration, deliberation, etc.
gros mi 	(doi-mi) consulting man; an adviser; sometimes in Sikkim the headman of a village.
gros med 	without asking or consulting anybody; self-sufficient; careless; heedless.
gros tshod 	(doi-tshoi) the real points or object of a conference: gros tshod 'dzin dang ya rabs  od pa  to catch the leading and salient points in a conference (Jig.).
gros ya 	(doi-ya) a secretary; a councillor.
gla 	wages; pay; fee or remuneration for any work done: dge slong brgya rtsa brgyad kyi 'tsho ba gla nas sbyar  the maintenance of one hundred and eight monks was met from the fees (he received) (A. 61).
gla ba 	SANST the musk deer, Moschus moschiferus, of which there are three varieties or perhaps even species in Tibet.  Another species occurs in Amdo: Moschus Sifanicus; gla rna'i pags , gla ba dang rna ba'i pags pa  the skin of the Nao antelope and the musk deer.  Syn. dri bzang dbang po ; gla rtsi can ; sa lus ; rlung bsreg  (Moon.).
gla gor zho sha 	n. of a fruit.
gla blangs pa 	has taken or received his wages for work.
gla sgang 	SANST, SANST n. of medicinal herb; SANST Cyperus rotundus: SANST the root of Cyperus pertennis.
gla rngan 	abbr. of gla dang rngan pa , wages and remuneration.
gla pa 	or gla po  or gla bu  one who works on wages; a servant employed on a fixed salary; also a day labourer or hired workman; gYog gla  SANST service money; salary.
gla phor 	a kind of tree the wood of which is good in turning and for making plates and cups.
gla phrug 	the young one of a musk-deer.
gla mi 	SANST, SANST a servant; a hired workman.
gla mo 	1. a hired female servant.  2. musk-doe: gla ba'i nor bus sbrul sogs dug srung byed  the jewel of the musk deer (the musk pod) is protection against snake poison, etc.
gla rtsi 	SANST, SANST, SANST musk gla rtsi gro yi tshig ma 'dra  musk is like burnt wheat-grains: gla rtsi 'jam mkhregs dri che bzang  the musk that is slightly soft, tough besides being of strong scent, is good: gla rtsis dug srin mkhal nad gnyan tshad sel  musk eradicates snake-poison, kidney disease, plague.  Syn. ri  ags lte ba ; sbrul skrag byed ; myos pa'i mtshan ma ; dri yi thod ; dri yi gos can ; ri  ags chang ; ri  ags rtsi ; gla ba'i nor bu  (Moon.).
gla tsi'i me tog 	n. of a flower, the Pedicularis megalantha.
gla lto 	food and wages.
glag 	or bya glag  a bird described as resembling an eagle, but smaller than the vulture and larger than the hawk, of blackish chocolate colour; carries away kids and lambs.  This bird is numerous in Mongolia, Central Tibet and Kham.  Probably the lammergayer.
glag khra mo 	a spotted species of eagle.
glag pa +	= lhag pa  upper or back part or side: mgo'i ltag pa  the crown or upper part of the head.  Defined as gri dang sta ri'i ltag pa , the upper back part or blunt side of a knife or axe.
glag pa lam 	n. of a place in Tibet (Deb.).
glags 	SANST opportunity, occasion, possibility: glags 'tshol ba  to seek for an opportunity: da glags rnyed par 'dug  now the favourable time seems to have come; esp. opportunity of doing harm to another, of getting a hold on him (J‰.): glags rnyed par mi 'gyur  he will not get an opportunity to do you harm.  gzod glags med  intolerable; insupportable: gso glags med  there is no possibility of helping him; he is incurable (J‰): glags mi khel  not able to do injury or some interruption to one's actions.
glags pa +	to go; be going; to proceed; to be on the point of.
glang 	I: n. of a place in Tibet.  II: SANST, SANST  1. ox; bullock.  2. one of the signs of the Zodiac, the Bull: glang gi mkhris pas sbyar dug mig la phog par phan  the bile of the ox is useful when contagious poison strikes upon the eye: glang gi mcher bas rma dang dug la phan  the spleen of the ox is useful in sores and poisons: glang gi mkhal mas mkhal tshabs sel  the kidney of the ox removes kidney diseases: glang gi khrag gis dug byer sdud  the blood of the ox (with food) draws out blood poison.  Syn. 'gro byed ; 'dren byed ; stobs ldan ; bzang po ; khya mchog  (Moon.).  III: or glang thabs , also called gzer glang , colic, gripes, spasms in the stomach and similar affections (J‰.).
glang thabs 	or glo bur ,  1. sudden; suddenly: glang thabs kyi dgras ded pa  was suddenly defeated by the enemy.  2. n. of a disease, prob. hysterical fit.
glang khyim 	SANST, SANST a shed or fold where cows are kept; an ornamented gateway.
glang khyu mchog 	SANST a bull; ox.
glang khyu ba 	SANST a bull kept for breeding purpose.  (EEE The headword in the original is given as glang khya ba  with transliteration of "glao-khyu-wa"; the transliteration is correct so the typographical error in the original's headword has been corrected that shown.)
glang glad 	1. the brains of the bullock or ox.  2. in Tsang = soap.
glang rgod 	a wild ox.  This term is applied in Tibet to the buffalo (in Tib. mAa he ).
glang chen 	= glang po che  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST the elephant; elephant in rut: glang chen pags pas 'brum nag nad la phan  the skin of the elephant is useful in black smallpox: glang po rjes su mthun pa'i rdzas so so'i ming  i.e., the names of various apparatus necessary for an elephant are the following:- shram  SANST; shrim ga ma  SANST, glang po'i rgyan ; 'dogs pa'i ka ba ; aa la na ; SANST the post to which an elephant is tied; lcags kyu  the conductor's hook; shri Ni , SANST; mchil ba ; bri kSa ka kSa ba ra Ta  SANST or glang po'i thag pa .  hka ko gdza dza  SANST = 'bod pa zhis 'dug  (Moon.).  Syn. so ldan ; so gnyis ; lag ldan ; gnyis 'thung ; mang po 'thung ; myos bum can ; nags tshal dga' ; mche ba stobs ldan ; sa lud nyal ; thig le can ; 'khor lo'i rkang ; dza la ka ; myos rngul can ; dbyug pa'i rna can ; mchod rten byed ; stobs ldan .
glang chen thal dkar 	the white elephant, or one having a white forehead; the chief of the elephants (Oag.): glang chen mkhris pas dug gis sha skam gso  the bile of the elephant cures emaciation caused by poison, etc.: glang chen sha yis gdon nad sel bar byed  the flesh of elephant (taken as food) cures the diseases attributed to devils (in W.).
glang chen rtsi 	SANST the secretion of the elephant; also elephant musk.  Syn. gi wang  (in magic) or gab yig  mystic term (Mio. 3).
glang mjing yon 	a name of Prince sad na legs mjing yon , son of King khri srong lde'u btsan .  He was so called on account of his prowess: mjing pa yon pa sku dbang che bas glang mjing yon du grags .
glang to 	the Indian bull (Bos taurus Indicus).
glang thang 	n. of a plain to the east of Lhasa.
glang thug 	or glang 'og can  a bull (not castrated): glang thug rwa cos mgo chag la phan  the horn of uncastrated bull is useful in the fracture of the head: glang thug nag rwa cos mdze la phan par byed  the horn of a black uncastrated bull is used in leprosy: glang gi rwa gzhob mchin pa'i tsha ba sel  the ashes of a burnt bull's horn taken internally cures inflamation of the liver.
glang dar ma 	1. a youthful ox.  2. n. of the King of Tibet who persecuted the Buddhists in the ninth century A.D.
glang 'ded 	= thong mkhan  the husbandman, a rustic.
glang po skyong 	= glang rdzi  SANST a cow-herd; one who tends or looks after cows (Moon.).
glang po mchog 	SANST the chief of the elephants, lit. a scent-elephant.  Syn. glang po'i rgyal ; spos kyi glang po ; khya yi mgon po ; khya yi bdag po ; thal kar ; mche ba drug ldan ; gnyis 'thung dbang po  (Moon.).
glang po gtum po 	= glang po myon pa  a wild, mad elephant (Moon.).
glang po 'dod pas dregs pa 	= glang po rgod  wild elephant; an elephant turned wild and mad for union with a she-elephant.  Syn. chags pas myos pa ; lcags kyus gdul dka' ba ; gYo ba can ; glang po rgod ; glang po chang ges myos pa ; glang po che gtum po ; chang gis dregs pa ; glang bzi ; glang po smyon pa .
gla po sna'i gling snad 	n. of a place within the district of Shiga-tse in Tsang.
glang po shongs 	n. of a place (in Tib.); also one which was situated near the ancient city of Kapilavastu.
glang po'i kha lo pa 	= glang rdzi  conductor of an elephant (Moon.).
glang po'i rgyal po 	= glang po mchog  (Moon.).
glang po'i stobs 	SANST n. of a very powerful giant-like king; spang rten mang 'dzin glang po'i stobs  (Ya-sel. 57).
glang po'i gnas 	= glang po che'i gnas  the stable where elephants are kept (Moon.).
glang phran 	= glang phrug  a young elephant (\Moon.).
glang bres 	SANST ox-manger; glang po'i bres  elephant-stall.
glang ma 	1. a medicinal plant: glang mas mo nad dang ni tshad pa sel  cures fever and female diseases.  2. a large kind of alpine willow.
glang mo 	or lag ldan ma  she-elephant: glang mo'i 'o mas rab tu brtan par byed  the milk of a she-elephant is very sustaining: glang mo'i pags pas mo nad dang tshad pa sel  the skin of a she-elephant cures female disease and fever.
glang dmar 	a stallion ox: glang dmar thug po'i gson khrag dron mo yis|dug nad rtsa yi 'bros 'phrang sdom par byed| with the warm blood of a living stallion ox the circulation of poison in the blood can be neutralized.
glang rdzi 	I: SANST a cow-keeper; a chief herdsman.  II: SANST keeper of an elephant; keeper of cows; Krishna.  Syn. glang po'i kha lo pa ; glang po skyong  (Moon.).
glang gYag dri ldan 	1. gi wang  SANST the musk-like, scented secretion in the brains or in the stomach of an elephant.  2. = dom mkhris  bear's bile (Sman. 353).
glang ri lung bstan 	n. of a Sutra in the Kahgyur, said to have been delivered by Buddha when on a visit to Li-yul.
glang ru 	a bullock's horn; also a large forked stick used by the Tibetan soldiers to rest the musket on when firing.
glang lung gnas khra mo 	n. of a place in Kham.
glang shing 	= glang ma shing  or mdzo mo shing  a kind of tree growing largely in Tibet, the leaves of which are burnt as incense (gab ming  mystical term) (Mio.).
glang shu 	a kind of sore-hoof.
glangs khams pa 	n. of a learned lama come from a place called Glao-Khams, who was invited by King khri srong lde'u btsan  to his capital on account of the fame of his learning.
glad 	or glad pa  SANST the head; brains; cf. klad 3: glad la  on the top, on the head; also used as postposition in the sense of over, close over: chu'i glad la  close above the river or water.
glad rgya 	= glad pa'i rtsa  the veins of the brain.
glad pa 	generally written as klad pa  (Sch.), cf. lhad 3 or 3slad pa 3.
glan pa 	also glon pa   1. to patch up; to mend; gos sogs la rdol bug yod pa  = lhan glan pa  to sew up or patch up torn clothes, etc. (Oag.); glan brgyab pa  to sew on a patch.  2. to return; lan  an answer to reply; rejoin (Lex.).  3. colloquial for glen pa .
glan glen 	v. glen pa 3 dumb.
glam pa +	or rnam bu 'thug po  a kind of thick blanket.
glal ba 	1. to yawn or gape: 'ga' dor 'gying ba'i brda'  a relaxation of the body by stretching the limbs and yawning.  2. a terrific attitude or posture of sitting: sems ge rnam bskyings  = seng ge glal ba  a lion's attitude on his vanquished foe is called glal-wa.
glas 'tsho ba 	one who subsists on salary or wages.
gling 	I: SANST, SANST a kind of sacred grass.  II: 1. SANST, SANST island; isolated place; limb or part of the globe; division of lands, large or small; continent, in fabulous Indian sense: gling gzhan nas skyes pa tshul byed mi 'dra ba  SANST being of other continents they are of a different manner of birth.  III: a large monastery; a monastery isolated in its greatness and separate from other jurisdiction.
gling chen bcu gnyis 	the twelve continents according to Bon cosmography are the following:- (1) gYung drung bkod pa'i gling  (shar ); (2) dga' ldan lha yi gling  (gYas ); (3) 'dul ba khrims kyi gling  (gYon ); (4) bdud 'dul sngags kyi gling  (gYas ); (5) tshad med bya ba gling  (lho ); (6) sbyin pa mtha' yas gling  (gYon ); (7) mi gYo bsam gtan gling  (nub ); (8) dge rgyas yon nyan gling (gYas ); (9) tshad med byams pa'i gling  (gYon ); (10) gnod sbyin nor gyi gling  (byang ); (11); yon tan rgyas pa'i gling  (gYas ); (12) rin chen spungs pa'i gling  (gYon ); or 'ol mo gling  (dbus )Hol-mo glin (G. Bon. 5).  The seventeen sub-continents attached to the twelve continent are the following:- (1) rgyal rigs rgyal sa 'dzin pa'i gling ; (2) rje'u bkod pa'i gling ; (3) drang srong 'gro 'dul gling ; (4) mya ngan med pa'i gling ; (5) brem ze gtsang ba'i gling ; (6) brem ze has mo gling ; (7) 'bri mig mtsho yi gling ; (8) dmangs rigs gdol ba'i gling ; (9) stobs chen gyad kyi gling ; (10) aa ba da ra'i gling ; (11) 'gro ba 'dul ba'i gling ; (12) khri dang 'thab pa'i gling ; (13) rgya lag 'od ma'i gling ; (14) rgyal mo mo khrom gling ; (15) mkha' 'gro mi rkun gling  (16) mi'am ci yi gling ; (17) lha klu man Z spre'u gling  (G. Bon. 6).
gling ka 	a garden or pleasure grove.
gling ngan 	dispute; quarrel.
gling dkar rdzong 	n. of a district in Tibet.
gling dar 	SANST n. of a kind of cloud.
gling ldan ma 	, mtsho  SANST, SANST a lake which contains islands.
gling bu 	SANST, SANST a reed-pipe; a musical reed; flageolet; the common musical instrument of herdsmen, and consists of two pipes joined together; phred gling  flute; piccolo-flute, mostly of metal; dge gling , generally written rgya gling  a larger musical instrument like a hautboy, used in sacred ceremonies; rkang gling  trumpet made of the human femoral bone.
gling ma 	SANST the margin of a lake or river.
gling yags pa 	n. of the chief priest of Galdan who was born at Glio-yags.
gling log 	revolution; internal dissension: der 'bri khung pa la gling log chen po byung  there arose much civil disturbance there in Dikhuo, i.e., among the members of the Hbri-khuo monastery.
glu 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST song; ditty; also a tune; glu gar dang rjes su 'brel ba dag  accompaniments of musical performance, etc.; £ ra ta , SANST; gar dag  an actor; a stage-player; rkang pa'i stabs sgy ur  falling of the feet at the music or cadence of the song; gar gyi gtso bo  stage-master; rnga pa  the drummer; rnga brdung  drum beater; pheb rdob pa , SANST; thal mo rdob  the clapper; gling bu ba  trombone blower; gling bu mkhan  the flute-player; pi wang  guitar, violin; pi wa mkhan  the violin player; glu ba  the singer; gar mkhan  dancer; 'gyur bag mkhan  one who shows various appearances in different dresses such as the clown, etc. (Moon.).
glu sgra 	time in singing.
glu chung 	a little song; ditty.
glu snyan len pa 	to sing a sweet song.
glu dbyangs 	SANST singing; glu dbyangs kyi nges pa bdun  the seven kinds of harmonical pitch or measures of the compass of the musical tones.  These are:- bar ma  SANST, drang srong  SANST, sa 'dzin  SANST, drug ldan  SANST, lnga pa  SANST; blo gsal  SANST, 'khor nyan  SANST.  Then, too, there are various definitions of songs and modes of singing.  Such are: rgyud dang mgrin las skyes pa'i dbyangs|'khor nyan glang po'i sgra lta bu|khyu mchog ba glang skad kyi spos|dri 'dzin (sna skad )skyes ni ra yi skad|drug skyes rma bya'i skad ltar sgrogs|bar ma khrung khrung sgra sgrogs bzhin|blo gsal rta skad lta bur 'tsher|lnga pa me tog ldan dus su|khu byug sgrogs pa lta bu'o||rtsed mo rlom par blang ba ni|lnga pa dang ni bar ma'i dbyangs|dpa' po drag po lnga pa dang ngo mtshar du, drug skyes khyu mchog de bzhin no||sa 'dzin pa dang 'khor nyan dbyangs|snying rje'i ro la blangs par bya|'thab mo 'jigs dang bcas pa la|blo gsal dbyangs ni blangs ba'o|.  (EEE the text "drug ldan  SANST, lnga pa  SANST; bla gsal  blo-gsal" in the original was corrected to blo gsal  in accordance with the transliterated form and the explanatory text quoted beyond that.)
glu dbyangs kyi khang pa 	SANST a stage; a place where singing is done.
glu dbyangs mkhan 	a singer; one who sings or instructs in singing.  Syn. glu len pa  glu mkhan  (Moon.).
glu res 	alternate songs.  (EEE The original has the Tibetan headword gla res  but considering the transliteration "glu-res" and the context, it is an error and has been corrected.)
glu len ma 	= glu mkhan ma  a songstress.
glud 	a thing given as a ransom; srog gi glud  a ransom for life: kho'i glud du lug brgya gsod  slaughter a hundred sheep as a ransom for him, glud la btang  to ransom a scape-goat.
glud tshab 	the ransom offered to some malignant spirit, consisting of one's effigy made of barley or wheat-straw, and its interior filled with grain, edibles, cloth, medicines, and precious articles such as gold, silver or coins, and then thrown in the direction from which the evil spirit is supposed to have come.  There are several varieties of this kind of ceremony.
glum 	or spang glum  fresh fermented rice, barley, or wheat, used instead of malt in brewing beer.  chang btsos phab btab bsnyal nas langs pa chang gi glum mam spang glum yang zer .
gle 	a small uncultivated island; also a grove; same as tshal  or gling ka .
gle 'dams ma 	1. one having the disease in which urine and fúcal matter pass together, i.e., by the rectum (K. du. da  413).  2. = SANST; mtshan med ma ning  a hermaphrodite having neither the sign of male nor of female.
glegs 	table; plate; board; any flat piece: sgo glegs gzhug go there was a door panel placed.
glegs chab 	a buckle, clasp or ring attached to the thong.
glegs thag 	a thong, &c., fastened round a book.
glegs bam 	SANST, SANST a volume; a book; leaves placed between flat boards.
glegs bu 	1. a label; explained as chos gos la gling gling gru bzhi bcad pa'i gra bkag pa  a square or rectangular piece of cloth or paper put as label containing the name of books, chapters, pages, etc. (Oag.).  2. a tablet.  3. bka'i eglegs bu  or bka' shog  a diploma; zangs kyi glegs bu  copper plate or tableca.
glegs ma 	v. glegs 3.
glegs shing 	the wooden boards which in Tibetan book supply the binding.
gleng ba 	or glengs pa  SANST to say, converse, relate, describe: gtam du gleng ba  or gsung gleng ba  to relate a story: lam la ma thar zhes glengs nas  as the word was sent, the road is not passable! gtam gleng ba ni bdag gis byas  I have made this speech: gcig gleng gnyis gleng rim pas mched de btsun mo'i bar du gleng zhing  the rumour spreading from one to another, until it came before the lady.  chos kyi sgrog gleng byed pa  to preach religious discourses; gros gleng  council; consultation.
gleng ba po 	or gleng mo mkhan  a story-teller.
gleng 'bum 	a hundred thousand stories; the title of a book in the Hdul-wa division of the Kahgyur or Tibetan Buddhist scriptures, which contains different stories on the behaviour of devotees, monks, nuns, &c., who adopted the Buddhist faith, and who violated the rules of monastic discipline laid down by Buddha.
gleng mo 	or lab gleng , gleng brjod  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST talk; conversation; story; account.
gleng gzhi 	or gleng bslangs pa  SANST, SANST any subject; primary cause: gleng gzhi 'di la  SANST in this narration.  1. narration.  2. the subject of a discourse (Cs.).  3. table of contents; index.  4. place, scene of a conversation or discourse.
glen lkugs 	abbr. of glen pa dang lkugs pa , very stupid and idiotic: glen lkugs bkol  od kyi sdug bsngal  the misery of being stupid, of dumbness and servitude.
glen pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST stupid, foolish, ignorant; a thick-headed fool; an idiot: byol song las kyang glen pa  more stupid than a brute: khyod rnams re glen  fools that you are each of you: glen pa gti mug can  muddled ones.  Syn. ldar ba ; glan glen ; mi gsal ba ; lto 'gengs ; le lo ba ; tha shal  (Moon.).
gleb pa 	pf. glebs , to make flat, plain (Cs.); leb mor gleb  make flat.
glebs pa +	SANST to trample; to tread down; to press down by the feet (Oag.).
glem pa 	to press, squeeze; to crush, squash (J‰.).
glo 	or ldo , in Ld. resp. gzhogs ,  1. the side, esp. of the body: glos phab pa  to lie down on one's side.  2. a cough.
glo dkar 	or 'thong ka  SANST a small window in (the side of) a house to let in light.
glo bkra 	n. of a country in Tibet (Jig.).
glo lkogs pa 	SANST to cough; to clear the throat.
glo skar 	= glo dkar  or skar khung  a small door or window.
glo kha 	n. of a colour like the blood of the lungs; pale-red.
glo khug 	a small money-bag attached to the sash or girdle of a Tibetan.
glo 'gogs pa 	= glo 'khogs pa  or glo rgyag pa  to cough; to feel stifled (Moon.).
glo 'grams 	SANST, n. of a disease.
glo rgyas 	a disease of the lungs; asthma.
glo gcong 	a disease of the lungs which increases during the night.
glo dong 	wind-pipe (Cs.).
glo rdog 	glo bur  sudden (Oag.).
glo rdol 	= rnag rdol  excessive expectoration.
glo spir 	n. of kind of shield: kul dkar phub ni rab la zho lnga ste|glo spir zho re phub skor zho phyed yin| the best Kul-dkar shield costs five sho and that of Glo-spir cost a sho for each disk on it (Jig.).
glo phug 	place where things are keptóeither in a wall or a corner of house, &c.: byis pa des gser rnams glo phug cig na phar bzhag| that boy kept the gold in a nichÈ.
glo ba 	SANST the lungs; glo ba bu lnga  the five anterior lobes of the lungs; glo ba ma lnga  the five posterior lobes of the lungs.
glo bur 	SANST sudden; adv. glo bur du  suddenly; all on a sudden; instantaneously: glo bur du mi mang po shi ba'i sdug bsngal  the misery or calamity of many men dying suddenly.  glo bur du 'ongs pa  SANST one who has come all on a sudden; glo bur ba'i don  the signification of suddenness.
glo bur rgyal po 	a name of the King of Tibet about 900 years ago.
glo bur nad 	a disease that arises suddenly.
glo bur ba 	suddenness.
glo 'bur 	SANST a projection; uprising: 'bur du sdod pa  to rise up into sitting posture.
glo spab 	wind-pine.
glo la ba 	convulsions of the lungs; cough.
glog 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST lightning; flash of lightning; sprin phan tshun 'thab pa las byung ba  that produced from the concussion or collision of clouds.  The names of different kinds of lightning are mentioned in the Kahgyur:- glog gzi brjid can  the lightning with flash; glog stug 'od  the lightning of dense lustre, sheet-lightning; glog mdzes phreng can  the lightning of beautiful strings or zig-zags, &c. (K g. tha 115).  The lightning that comes from the south is called skad brgya pa , that of a hundred rattles; that coming from the west is called 'od nyams pa , that of fading lustre; that which comes from the north is called rgyun gyi bdag po  lord of streaming flashes (K. g. na, 324).  Syn. 'jug pa brgya pa ; gzhi sngon skyes ; sprin gyi lcug ma ; gser 'od can ; lus phra ; bde 'thung ; skad cig 'od ; cig gsal ba  (Moon.).
glog ldan 	SANST full of lightning; flashed cloud.
glong thang 	n. of a place in Tibet proper and also in Kham.
glong thang sgron ma'i lha khang 	n. of a monastery and temple in Kham.
glog pa 	SANST silver.
glog pa'i nad 	n. of a disease mentioned in grammpar, but not found in the medical works.  Acc. to J‰. glog nad  is another name of the disease called lhog pa  = cancer.
glod pa 	= lhad pa  to relax; to loosen bcings pa glod  = bsdams ba glod  slacken binding; sems glod pa  to relax the mind, be at ease; glod la rgyun du bzhugs  you may stay here always with easy mind; ma bzung ma glod bar  without any regard to taking or giving.
glon pa 	or glan pa   1. to return an answer; to reply.  2. to patch, mend.
glos pa +	or rmongs pa  stupidity; ignorance.
glos phab pa 	to lie on one side or on the side: lus kyis gzhogs phab nas glang nyal ba lta bu  to lie on the side like an ox lying down.
dgag pa 	fut. of 'gegs pa  to hinder.
dgag pa dang bral ba 	= dggs pa med  SANST open; without let or hindrance; unobstructed.
dgag phye 	v. dgag dbye byed 3.
dgag dbye 	= dgag phye  SANST stopped; obstructed.
dgag dbye byed 	SANST one who stops or obstructs.
dgag tshig 	or dgag pa'i tshig  SANST word of prohibition; objection.
dgang dka' ba 	khengs dka' ba , SANST hard to fill up.
dgang ba 	fut. of 'gengs pa , to fill; fill up.
dgang blug 	SANST a ladle to pour butter in sacrificial fire.
dgang gzar 	SANST sacrificial spoon or ladle: sbyin sreg blugs byed kyi gzar bu dang skyog lta bu  there are two kinds of spoons in homa sacrificial fire, one is large called Dgao gzar, and the other smaller blug-gzar, which is used to pour butter on fire.
dgang gzar shing 	n. of a tree, the tree resembling tiger's feet.  Syn. stag gi rkang pa ; tsher ma zhim ; sa 'tsho ; tshig mang  (Moon.).
dgang sla ba 	full to the brim; replete: snod du khengs ma khengs .
dgab pa 	fut. of 'gebs pa .
dgab bya 	garment; dress (Moon.).
dga' ba 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. delight; happiness; joy.  2. vb. n. to rejoice; dga' ba yin pa  to be pleased; dga' ba ma yin pa  to be displeased; also dga' bar byed pa  to make glad: mi dga'o  was displeased: rab tu dga' nas  rejoicing greatly.  Syn. mgu ba ; rangs pa ; spro ba ; shin tu dga' ; yang dag dga' , yid rang ; dgyes pa ; mnyes pa ; tshim pa ; bde skyid ; yid bde ; sems snum pa ; rab dga' ; 'dzo ster ba  (Moon.).
dga' rkyang 	n. of a large numerical figure (Ya-sel. 75).
dga' skyes 	SANST very pleased; glad.
dga' skyo zul gsum 	the abbreviation of the names of the three places situated to the west of Lhasa, viz., dga' ba gdong , skyo mo lung  and zul bo , in each of which there is a monastery.
dga' grogs 	lover; spouse; wife; an intimate friend (Moon.).
dga' dgu 	SANST intercourse; association; merriment; dga' dgur  od pa  SANST to perform conjugal rites; also to indulge in sexual enjoyment.
dga' can gyi mdo 	the Sutra of dga' ba can  in (K. d. la 421), which contains:- srog gcod pa'i nyes dmigs bcu  (10); rdzun du smra ba'i nyes dmigs bcu ; (10); chang 'thung ba'i nyes dmigs sum bcu so lnga  (35); ma byin par len pa'i nyes dmigs bcu  (10); log par gYem pa'i nyes dmigs bcu  (10).
dga' ston 	SANST, SANST, SANST festival.  Syn. mchod pa ; dus ston ; rgod ; nyer dga'  (Moon.).
dga' ston skyes 	producing mirth.
dga' ston sbyin 	SANST an astrologer; water.
dga' bde 	colloq. "gan-de," joy and happiness.
dga' dar 	or dga' ba'i kha gtags  a scarf presented for pleasing or consoling; a scarf of congratulation.
dga' gdong 	n. of a monastery near Daipung which has an oracle and a divinity called Ga-dong Chokyong, whose duty it is to cause rain during a drought.
dga' ldan 	I: SANST a paradise of the Buddhists; the residence of those sainted beings who enjoy beatitude, which is the peculiar privilege of the Mahayana Buddhists.  It is presided over by the coming Buddha, now the Bodhisattva Maitreya.  The gods residing in it are said to live 4,000 years, the duration of a day of which is equal to 400 human years; and the length of one's body is a furlong (Sorig.).  mgon po byams pas lugs gnyis kyi rgyal srid mdzad nas theg pa chen po'i chos kyi dga' ba dang ldan pas na dga' ldan te|de na gnas pa rnams kyi lus kyi tshad ni rgyang grangs yin la tshe tshad ni mi lo bzhi brgya la zhag tu byas pa'i rang lo bzhi stong thub bo| owing to Lord Maitreyas' spiritual and temporal rule the celestial people are possessed of the joy of a righteous life.  II: (pronounced Gandan) the great monastery of Gandan situated 35 miles N. E. of Lhasa, which was founded by the Buddhist reformer Tsong-kha-pa.  It contains twenty-six divisions or wards for the residence of monks.  grwa sa dga' ldan  the quarters for the residence of the monks of Gandan are divided into two sections  1. called grwa tshang gong byang rtse  which has the following divisions or khams tshan :- (1) har gdong ; (2) bsam glo ; (3) kre bo ; (4) tsha pa ; (5) gser khang ; (6) rdo ra ; (7) klu 'bum ; (8) brag nyi ; (9) spa ti ; (10) rgyal rong ; (11) go ba ; (12) kong po ; (13) mnga' ris  (Loo. 'a 14).  2. called grwa tshang 'og shar rtse  which has the following divisions or khams tshan :- (1) rdo khang ; (2) pho khang ; (3) lho pa ; (4) nyag re ; (5) co ne ; (6) the bo ; (7) zung chu ; (8) sog po ; (9) rta 'on ; (10) mnga' ris ; (11) cha pa ; (12) nyang po ; (13) gung ru  (Loo. 'a 14).  The name Gandan is generally fixed before the names of monasteries and institutions which belong to the Dgah-ldan-pa or Gelug-pa sect.
dga' ldan khang gsar 	1. formerly the residence of King Dpon-po Mi-Dwao: dpon po dbang gi pho brang  near Lhasa (Loo. 'a, 18).  2. the residence of king Dgah-ldan Tshe-wao is situated to the back of the royal monastery of Tsho-mo glio in Lhasa: rgyal po dga' ldan tshe dbang gi pho brang de lha sa mtsho mo gling gi rgyab la yod| (Rtsii.).
dga' ldan khri pa 	the lineal successor to Tsong-kha-pa in the ecclesiastical throne of the great monastery of Gandan.  He is the chief of the ordinary non-incarnate lamas and occupies the third place in the hierarchical precedence of Tibet.
dga' ldan chos 'khor gling 	n. of monastery in Higher Tibet.  It is a very common name by which serval monasteries are designated.
dga' ldan phun tshogs gling 	the monastery of Phuntso Ling situated to the west of Tashi-lhunpo in Tsang.  It contains a large number of block-prints and religious works.  It was (formerly) Lama Taranatha's monastery.  gtsang bkra shis lhun po'i nub la yod|jo nang tA rAa nA tha'i dgon pa yin|sku gsung thugs rten dang |chos kyi par mang po yod|.
dga' ldan pho brang 	also called sde pa gzhung  the Government-house in Lhasa, also the Government of Lhasa (Rtsii. 14).
dga'  od 	SANST entertainment; merriment; also good behaviour.
dga' spro can 	SANST possessed of cheerfulness and enthusiasm.
dga' ba 'khyil ba 	1. SANST the all-good; that exists by itself; the emblem of purity; purity typified.  2. n. of a gem.  3. the king's palace.  Syn. gYung drung ; rgyal po'i pho brang  (Moon.).
dga' ba brgya pa 	(khyab 'jug gi ming ) one of the names of Virnu; one of a hundred joys (Moon.).  (EEE The transliteration of the headword in the original, "Dgah-wa brga-pa", is incorrect; the Tibetan is correct and has not been altered here.)
dga' ba can 	SANST cheerful; merry.  Syn. dga' ba myong  = 'khrig pa  or khyim pa'i chos  sexual enjoyment (Moon.).
dga' ba dman pa 	sordid pleasure; one delighting in sexual pleasures; met. a cock.
dga' ba bzhi 	the four pleasures or delights are the following:- (1) lkog ma mi bde glu la dga' ; (2) dmangs rigs stan mtho la dga' ; (3) dbul po gtong la dga' ; (4) zhing rgan po gzhin nu ma la dga' .
dga' ba 'od 'phro 	n. of Atisa's residence at Nye-thang near Lhasa: jo bo'i gzims chung dga' ba 'od 'phro zhes pa'i gling | (A. 98).
dga' ba'i grags pa 	I: SANST the Brahmana at whose request the Kashmirian poet Kshemendra wrote Avadana Kalpalata and several other Sanskrit poems.  * II: SANST (Schr.; Bull. 184, 294).  (EEE I above is mistakenly numbered II in the original.)
dga' ba'i bu ga 	SANST the female organ.
dga' ba'i dbang po 	SANST; khyab 'jug  a name of Virnu (Moon.).
dga' ba'i tshal 	= rgyal po'i skyed tshal  royal gardens; also SANST the celestial gardens.
dga' ba'i bzhin 	(yul ljongs ) n. of a place; shar phyogs  the Orient, the East (K. d. ra 267).
dga' ba'i ro 	SANST sexual enjoyment.
dga' ba'i bshes gnyen *	SANST (Schr.).
dga' ba'i sa gzhi 	the female organ.  Syn. mo rtags ; mo mtshan  (Moon.).
dga' ba'i slad 	SANST for the sake of pleasure.
dga' bar byed 	= dga' grogs  or mdza' grogs  or khyo bo  a friend; sweetheart; a husband (Moon.).
dga' bas bcings 	SANST love-bound; bond of love.
dga' bo *	I: SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 69).
dga' byed 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST Rama, the hero of the epic Ramayana; n. of a cloud.
dga' byed snyan pa *	SANST n. pr. (Schr.; Ta. 2 102), dear to or fond of Nanda (the delightful).
dga' byed dgra sta can 	SANST the third accepted incarnation of Virnu; his other names are:- dpa' bo dza ma ; aag ni'i sras ; dbang chen ; rtul bzang skyes ; mtshon cha mkhan ; srid sgrub ; lus skyes ; gcod byed ; rdul can ma'i bu ; ngan spong skyes ; pha lad ; aa ga ni dga' byed  (Moon.).
dga' byed shing 	SANST the tree called  i zhur shing .  Syn. gdung byed ; lus ngan ; ku Ni; 'od ldan ; 'khyog po  (Moon.).
dga' 'byams 	SANST she who is full of enjoyment; a number.
dga' ma 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST the beautiful; a name of Rati, the wife of Cupid; dga' ma'i bdag  SANST the husband of Rati.
dga' mo 	SANST good; lovely.
dga' tshang 	= yag po , bzang po  and legs pa  good; fine; handsome: de'i nang na dngos po dga' tshang cig yod kyang  among them there was one article which was very pretty (A. 14).
dga' tshad pa 	= sems dga' tshor byas pa  to be sufficiently pleased (Khrid. 32).
dga' bzhi pa 	SANST possessed of the four joysópiety, wealth, men and lands: chos nor mi sa bzhi 'dzom pa'i dga' bzhi pa .
dga' yas 	SANST boundless joy or pleasure.
dga' yi skye bar 	SANST born or grown out of joy or enjoyment.
dga' rab rdo rje 	n. of a celebrated Lama of the Rdsog-chen sect of the RÒio-ma School (Grub. kha 13).
dga' rab dbang phyug 	the Lord of Love, Cupid.
dga' rings 	SANST met. for the hog ["long in copulation"; a dog]S.
dgar 	1. n. of a place; n. of a district in Tibet.  2. = dga' bar , rang dgar  at pleasure, ad libitum; frq. ci dgar  what is your pleasure; according to J‰. why?
dgar ba 	SANST to separate; confine; place apart (men, cattle, goods): dgar bya'i phyugs  cattle, to be penned in a fold.  (Cs.).  gnas nas dgar ba  to banish from a place; to exile; dgar ba'i don du  in special sense; in particular (Sch.).  In W. "gar-te bor-ce" to set apart, exclude, shut out; to lock up; shut up; to lay up or by; to preserve (J‰); Dgar-rgya co-ce to store up.
dgal ba 	fut. of 'gel ba .
dgas pa 	v. 'gas pa 3; ser ga dgas pa  to have cracks or be cracked.
dgu 	1. nine; dgu bcu  or dgu bcu tham pa  ninety.  2. as met. = many: dgus thabs gsags  gathered by many efforts, with great difficulty.  3. also sign of plural: khams gsum skye dgu  the people of the three worlds: mi 'di mi shes dgu shes pa 'dug  this man says many things he knows not.  mi shes dgu shes po| one who knows everything; zer dgu  or smras dgu  many talks; many things to say; skye dgu'i bdag po  SANST the lord of all living beings; skye dgu'i bdag mo  SANST, SANST the name of the step-mother who nursed Gautama Buddha; yod dgu  those that are; the existing many or beings; nor yod dgu cog  the goods that one has; property; bzang dgu  the many good and brave; also lus 'dod dgur sgy ur ba  to be changed, transformed ad libitum; ngan dgu thub pa  one who can suppress the wicked; also to overcome every evil: mi byed dgu byed mi yong dgu yong  according to Cs., J‰., if you do many things which ought not to be done, many things will take place which ought not to take place; shi ba yid kyi dgu la mi byed de  not counting upon death among things to be thought of; dgu khri  the chair or conveyance for the many, i.e., for the dead; litter; bier (J‰).  dgu gling bcu gnyis  the twelve continents inhabited by living beings.  Here dgu would seem to act as mere plural sign.
dgu gtor 	offerings made to evil spirits on the 29th day of the last month of the Tibetan calendar in the monasteries of Tibet.  dgon pa rnams su lo re bzhin zla ba bcu gnyis pa'i nyi shu dgu la gtor ma 'phang pa la dgu gtor zer|de dus 'cham brgyab pa sogs ltad mo chen po yong |.
dgu thub 	able to subdue the many; one full of resources; the all conquering one.
dgu pa 	the ninth; having, comprising, measuring nine, e.g., khru dgu pa  measuring nine cubits (in length, height, etc.); dgu bo  SANST the ninth, the nine, those nine; lan dgu  nine times.
dgu phrugs 	or dgu sdebs  a stage of meditation which is dependent upon the regulation of the breath; rlung sgom pa'i dus su dang po  The first stage in the regulation of the breath in the art of meditative concentration.
dgu ba 	1. vb. to bend; to make crook.  2. sbst. the act of bending, stooping, bowing; inflection.  3. adj. bent; stooping.
dgu rtsegs 	n. of a yellow flower (Cs.).
dgu tshigs 	or dgu tshigs skya mo  the milky-way constellation.  Syn. nam mkha'i skye rags ; gnod sbyin kha rlangs  (Moon.).
dgu zi glang po sna 	n. of the enchanted sword of Gri-gum btsan-po; one of the early kings of Tibet who was assassinated (Yig. 58).
dgu gzhung 	n. of a place in Tibet (Rtsii. 70).
dgug pa 	v. 'gug pa .  (EEE 'gug pa  does not occur as a headword in the dictionary but see 'gugs pa 3.)
dgug byang 	urgent call; dgug gzhug  = dgug shugs  id.
dgung 	SANST generally applied to midnight, but at times to noon as well.  Sometimes is made equivalent to gung  but properly speaking dgung  signifies sublimity, loftiness and also profundity; and gung  signifies the middle part, centre.  nyin dgung mtshan dgung  is sometimes written as nyin gung mtshan gung |.  The direct sense occurs in ri mthon po dgung la snyegs pa , a high mountain rising aloft; dgung sngon nam mkha'i dbyings su = nyin mo'i dgung  at noon, the middle of the day (Oag.).
dgung khag 	division of time.
dgung mkha' 	midnight sky.
dgung char 	= char pa  rain (Moon.).
dgung snying 	a year; a year of one's life.
dgung thig 	the meridian line; dgung thig gi dkyil 'khor  the meridian circle.
dgung du 	or dgung la gshegs pa  gone to heaven, i.e., dead.
dgung bdun 	seven nights; a week.
dgung do nub 	this evening; tonight.
dgung 'degs 	= gYo med par bzhugs par  seated steadily without moving or leaning on any side; raised to the sky.
dgung mo 	SANST the early night; evening; to time from 4 P.M. to 7 P.M.
dgung zhag 	a day's halt; halt.
dgung la reg pa 	touching, the sky; the meridian.
dgung lo 	the age of a respectable or high personage: sku zhabs kyi dgung lo  what is your honour's age?
dgung lo mthon pa 	= rgan pa  an elderly person, 61 to 72 years old (Moon.).
dgung gseb 	or dgung dkyil  the middle of the sky.
dgun 	SANST; dgun ka  the winter.
dgun gyi rgyal mo *	(Schr.; 84 C.).
dgun nyi ldog 	the winter solstice: dgun nyi ldog gi thig  or khor thig  the line of the winter solstice; the tropic of Capricorn.
dgun stod 	the first part of winter.
dgun 'brum 	winter grapes.
dgun snad 	SANST the after part of the winter season; dgun stod kha dus hemj  time of snow in the beginning winter; dgun snad grang dus  time of cold, about the end of the winter (Rtsii.).
dgun tshigs 	= dgun dus  winter time.
dgun zla 	the mid-winter months, zla ba bcu pa , zla ba bcu gcig pa , zla ba bcu gnyis pa .
dgun zla tha chung 	SANST the month of January-February.
dgun zla 'bring po 	SANST December-January.
dgun zla ra ba 	SANST January; lit. the beginning of the year. i.e., November-December.
dgun sa 	SANST winter residence.
dgum pa 	fut. of 'gum pa .
dgur 	I: crooked: dbyibs dgur ba  of crooked stature: sems kyis tshugs kyang lus kyis dgur ma tshugs  although the mind may bend, yet do not let your body bend (Rdsa.): rgur zhig  stoop down! sgur te  writhing (with pain); mgo dgur ba  to bend; to submit; to humble one's self; tshigs dgur  a crooked back; lag dgur  drawn bent hands.  Syn. rgur ; sgur  (Moon.).  II: many; all; 'khor kyi dkyil 'khor yod dgur yang yod dgur  signifies yod pa kun  all or all of those existing.
dgur 'gro 	a snake; one of a stooping gait.
dgur po 	anything crooked; a crooked man; sgur po  hump-backed; dgur mo  a crooked women.
dge ba 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST happiness, welfare, virtue; also adj. happy, propitious, virtuous: dge ba'i sems  a virtuous mind; las dge ba  virtuous and evil actions; dge ba'i rtsa ba  fundamental virtues: dge ba'i rtsa ba rgya chen po gcig kyang bya dgos  some mighty act of virtue should be performed (A. 65); dge rtsa skyed pa  to conceive the idea of a meritorious act.  There are two kinds of dge ba , zag bcas kyi dge ba  and zag med kyi dge ba ; the former, called SANST or bsod rnams  belongs to the world of desires and is subject to decay; the latter is indestructible, consisting of the enduring works of piety performed by saints belonging to the khams gong ma  superior states of existence.  There are two other kinds of dge-wa, viz.:- 'dus byas kyi dge ba  and 'dus ma byas kyi dge ba , the former consists of works done for gain or happiness in this world; 'dun du byas pa'i dge ba  consists in paying reverence to and worshipping the Tathagata and the incarnate saints.  dge ba  may mean fasting, abstinence, as in the phrase dge ba srung ba , to fast, to abstain from food.  Also alms, charity; that which is done as a religious work.  shi dge gson dge  benevolences bestowed or given in one's life time when dying; dge ba 'dod par byed  SANST wishes for prosperity; yang dge ba la 'jig rten pa'i dge ba dang |'jig rten las 'das pa'i dge ba yod| Dge-wa are of two kindsóthe worldly religious works, and the same for spiritual cultures; the former consists in phar shes pa , appreciating or regarding one's father or knowing him as such; mar shes pa  knowing the mother, i.e., to be grateful to her; to regard as one's mother; dge sbyong du shes  to venerate or revere one as a member of the Buddhist church; bram zer shes pa  to respect or pay homage to a Brahman; rigs kyi nang na rgan pa la rim gro byed pa  to pay respect to the elders of a family;  in pa gtong ba  to give alms in charity; dge bcu  the observance of the ten virtuous act; 'du shes dgu dang  the nine Samskara; dran pa bcu  the ten remembrances.
dge skyes 	charm; good appearance; n. of a goddess.
dge skyon 	= skyon phran bu|skyon cung zad| slightly defective; a little fault.
dge skyos 	or dge bskyos  SANST a supervisor or director of monks in a monastery.  A sort of provost-sergeant in the larger monasteries who keeps strict order and punishes transgressors.  He is also called chos 'khrims pa  in some monasteries.  Rockhill calls this officer at Kumbum the Ge-kor.  Syn. tse rgod  (Moon.).
dge rgan 	I: surety; moral bail; a monk that is made answerable for the moral conduct of another who is place under his care (J‰.).  II: lit. an old man of the religious order.  dge 'dun rgan pa  ordinarily signifies a school master, tutor: 'jig rten dge rgan dang chos dge rgan gnyis  both the spiritual teacher and worldly teacher.
dge rgyas 	n. of a celestial region (B. ch. 6); one of the Rupa-dhatu or worlds of form.
dge rgyas bye ma gling 	n. of a monastery near Samye founded by Hbroo-za, wife of King khri srong lda'u btsan .  (EEE The original gives the king's name as Khri-soo dehu-btsan or khri song de'u btsan ).
dge ngal ba 	= dge sbyong  novice monk.
dge bcu 	= dge ba bcu  the ten virtues, which are as follows:- (1) srog mi gcod pa , (2) ma byin par mi len pa , (3) tshangs par  od pa , (4) bden par smra ba , (5) tshig 'jam por smra ba , (6) ngag mi 'chal ba , (7) phra ma mi byed pa , (8) gzhan gyi nor la ham pa mi byed pa , (9) gzhan la gnod pa'i sems mi bskyed pa , (10) yang dag ba'i lta ba .  Those are: not taking life; not to take what is not given; to observe purity of morals; to speak the truth; to speak gently, politely; not to break a promise; not to speak slander; not to covet another's property; not to do mischief or think of doing injury to others; to regard the purest doctrine.
dge chu 	sacred water.
dge chung 	one of the celestial regions.
dge che med pa 	don dag chen po med pa  without some important object or business: mgyogs par dge che med pas skabs dang  od  if there be nothing very important to be done quickly, work according to circumstance (D. Shel. 7).
dge bsnyen 	SANST Buddhist devotee with only eight vows to observe.
dge bsnyen chos 'phel 	the original name of 'brom ston rgyal ba'i 'byung gnas  the founder of the Buddhist hierarchy of Tibet (Grub. ga 5).
dge bsnyen ma 	SANST a female Buddhist devotee.
dge bsnyen Zrma *	= chos skyob 3 (Schr.).
dge bton rkyen gsang 	, dge bton rkyen gsang gi mthun 'gyur legs spel bya rgyu rnams khyed rang la bkod mngags sngon yong ltar .
dge ltas 	propitious prognostic.
dge 'thud 	= dge ba 'thud pa  an uninterrupted payment of allowances or endowments attached to religious offices or institutions; a connected series of pious actions or works; also the performance of some religious observances by several persons one following another: drung 'khor du yun ring bsdad pa 'tsho bar dge 'thud babs dang | the estimated permanent allowances to the Druo-hkhor (civil employees) for food and lodging (D. Shel. 4).
dge drung lha khang 	n. of a monastery in Tsang.
dge 'dun 	SANST the third component of the Buddhist triad or dkon mchog gsum  may be rendered as "the priest hood," "the assemblage," or "the church."  The term dge-hdun is composed or two words, dge  and 'dun ; 'dun  means 'dod pa  desire: dge ba dang thar pa sgrub par 'dod pas na dge 'dun  he is dge 'dun  who longs for piety and emancipation: dge 'dun btsun pa rnams bsan du gsol| I beg the venerable body of monks would hear me.  In this sentence dge-hdun has the general meaning of an assembly of religious folk.  There are in particular two kinds of dge 'dun : so sor skye bo'i dge 'dun  the ordinary clergy, and 'phags pa'i dge 'dun  the sainted clergy.  Four individuals of the former class collectively, i.e., when they assemble together, form what is called Saogha-ratna dge 'dun dkon mchog .  An individual of the latter class, i.e., the sainted clergy, may singly from the Saogha-ratna.  The Saogha of the Mahayana School differed from that of the Hinayana School.  In the Abhisamaya of Maitreya, twenty classes of Saogha are enumerated as belonging to the Hinayana School.  The Sravaka, Pratyeka Buddha, Bodhisattva and the Dharmapala, who protect Buddhism, are also included in the Saogha-ratna.  dge 'dun la rag lus pa  SANST belonging or subject to the church; dge 'dun la rung ba  SANST suitable for the use of clergy.
dge 'dun skyes 	= ri sho   1. n. of a medicinal plant; gab ming  (Mio) mystic.  2. n. of a lama.
dge 'dun gyi dus 	SANST belonging to the months following autumn when the lamas perform religious meditations, &c.
dge 'dun gyi sde 	the clerical order or class of the clergy.
dge 'dun gyi dben byed pa 	SANST one who produces differences or disunion among the clergy; to produce such disunion.
dge 'dun rgya mtsho 	n. of the Dalai Lama who died in 1851.
dge 'dun grub pa 	the founder of the hierarchy of the Dalai Lama.
dge 'dun bsdu ba'i phyir 	for the purpose of assembling the clergy.  (EEE The original has the headword transcribed as "dge-hdun bsdu-wah-phyir" which is clearly in error.)
dge 'dun phal chen pa 	the clergy of the Mahasaoghika School.
dge 'dun 'phel *	SANST n. of a Buddhist saint; pr. (Schr.; Ta. 278).
dge 'dun 'bangs *	SANST n. pr. (Schr.; Ta. 127).
dge 'dun bsrung ba *	SANST n. of a Buddhist sage pr. (Schr.; Ta. 2, 104).
dge ldan 	= dge ba can  possessed of virtue or of piety; pious.
dge ldan pa 	a name of the dge lugs pa  sect of Lamas founded by Tsong-kha-pa.
dge  od 	religious acts; acc. to the Bon-po dge  od  consists in erecting tombs, images, caitya, painting of holy personages and printing of the sacred texts, making moulds of images of gods and saints, uttering mantras and, generally, acquiring moral merits.
dge phrug 	pupil-monk; young boy trained as a novice monk.
dge ba sbyong 	or dge sbyong  SANST a religious ascetic.  In this term are included all those who have taken the vows of renouncement, i.e., SANST; so both dge tshul  and dge slong  are within its signification; in the Southern School only the dge slong , i.e., the Bhikshu, can have claim to this title provided they live in conformity with the rules of the Vinaya.  The qualifications of a dge-sbyoo are the following:- 'dul ba dang  moral discipline; cang shes pa dang  wisdom; tshul khrims kyi phung po yongs su dag pa dang  purity of morals; ting nge 'dzin la 'jug pa shes pa  knowing to perform Samadhi or meditation.  (EEE The original gives dul pa dang  as the first qualification, but this has been corrected to 'dul ba  which is the correct spelling this case.)
dge ba sbyom pa 	explained as dge ba byas pa don med par gzhan la sgrags , to trumpet or advertize one's acts of charity; dge ba mi sbyoms pa  SANST to do virtue secretly, i.e., without any fuss or trumpeting or advertizement.  (EEE The headword in the original is dge ba sbyam pa  but all of the transliterated forms in the entry are "dge-wa byom-pa", hence the headword has been changed accordingly.)
dge ba'i bdag nyid 	SANST fortune; good luck.  (EEE the original has the headword transcription as "dge-wahi-dag-Òid" which is clearly in error.)
dge ba'i gnas 	a place of piety; a pious man.
dge ba'i dbang po 	snyan ngag mngon brjod sdeb sbyor gsum la mkhas pa  one versed in poetry, Abhidhana, and in rhetoric like the great poet Kshemendra of Kashmir.
dge ba'i rtsa ba skrun pa'i bskyed pa 	SANST one who has done some religious acts.
dge ba'i las 	SANST good actions.
dge ba'i bshes gnyen mgu bar bya ba 	SANST paying reverence, &c., to please a Kalyanamitra (a Buddhist monk-scholar).
dge bar gyur cig 	SANST good luck to you.
dge bral 	SANST devoid of virtue or piety.
dge sbyong chen po 	SANST an epithet of Buddha; dge sbyong ltar bcos pa  SANST in the manner of a religious ascetic.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "Dge-sbyoo chena-po" which is clearly in error.)
dge sbyong du khas 'che ba 	SANST one who has avowed to betake to the life of a dge-sbyoo or Shramana.
dge sbyong byed pa 	SANST the performance of asceticism in the manner of a Buddhist Shramana: dge sbyong byed pa'i chos bzhi  SANST, the four duties of a true shramana, which are as follows:- (1) gshe'ang slar mi gshe bar bya  SANST do not curse others though you have been abused by them; (2) khros kyang slar ma khro bar bya  SANST do not be angry with others though your have been enraged by them; (3) mtshang brus kyang slar mi bru bar bya SANST do not commit injury to others though your have been injured by them; (4) brdeg kyang slar mi brdeg par bya  SANST do not beat others though you have been beaten by them.
dge sbyong ma yin par 	SANST not being a Shramana.
dge sbyor 	chos dge las byed pa  one who has attained to a stage of holiness by religious devotion and works: mtshan dus dge sbyor gyi rgyun la cung zad gnas pa'i tshe  at night when he was absorbed in the state of pious devotion (Ya-sel. 11).  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "bge-sbyor" which is clearly in error.)
dge ma 	= btsun ma   1. a Buddhist nun.  2. SANST peace.
dge tshul 	SANST generally a novice-monk; the first stage of a monk after he has taken the vow of Pravrajya or renunciation, when he has to observe thirty-six vows before he is qualified to be ordained as a dge slong  as long as he is not admitted into the latter order he will continue as Shamanera though even to eighty years old.
dge tshul ma 	SANST a nun young or old that has not yet taken the vows of ordination belonging to the order of Bhikruni.
dge mtshan 	SANST, SANST lucky omen; also entertainment, amusement or amusing; dge mtshan can  SANST bearing lucky marks.
dge gzhon 	a young student who is studying under a tutor called rge rgan , who is responsible for his education, behaviour and moral training.  He is required to attend, when necessary, his monk-tutor as a servant.  When he is very young he is called dge phrug .
dge gYog 	boy or youth attending upon a monk and who works with a view himself to enter the holy order.  When he has passed the prescribed examinations for admission, he gets the position of a dge gzhon .
dge lugs pa 	I: Tsong-kha-pa founded the monastery of dga' ldan rnam par rgyal ba'i gling  situated on the hill called 'brog ri bo che , and resided there during the last part of his life.  His school was called chos rje dga' ldan ba'i lugs  and vulgarly dga' ldan lugs pa  which term has assumed the form dge lugs pa  (Grub. nya 1).  II: one belonging to the sect of Dgah-ldan-pa founded by Tsong-kha-pa.
dge legs 	or dge ba  SANST, SANST piety; good and auspicious action.  Syn. bde legs ; zhi ba ; myang 'das ; re skong ; gnam bskos ; sngon bsags mthu ; kha rje ; rab bsngags ; skal ba'i phul ; bsngags 'os ; yid bzhin 'grub ; bde pa'i 'byung gnas ; rab zhi ; legs ldan ; phun tshogs  (Moon.).
dge legs can 	SANST blessed; glorious.
dge legs dpal bzang *	= mkhas grub rje  (Schr.; Org. 105, 5).
dge legs bshes gnyen *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 211) a good counsellor; a pious Buddhist monk.
dge shis 	SANST; dge ba dang shis pa  piety and blessedness.
dge bshes 	SANST a contraction of dge ba'i bshes gnyen  a Buddhist gelong who has mastered metaphysics and the important branches of sacred literature.  Monks, also ,who have got the titles of rab 'byams pa , rdo rams pa , &c., are by courtesy addressed with the title of dge bshes  SANST; others who lead a pure life and are possessed of learning and good character are also generally addressed as dge bshes , i.e., dge ba'i bshes gnyen .
dge srung *	I: SANST n. pr. (Schr.; Ta. 2, 219).  II: SANST (Schr.; Bull. 1848, 292).
dge slong 	SANST, SANST a Buddhist monk who after finishing his probationary period in a monastery has been ordained into the highest order.  He has to observe 253 vows.  dge slong la don dam pa'i dge slong dang kun rdzob pa'i dge slong gnyis yod  among gelong there are two classes: para martha Bhikru and Samvpti Bhikru.  The following seven, i.e., Buddha and Bodhisattva, Pratyeka Buddha, Arhats, such saints as on account of their pious acts will not be born again or will be born only once, those who have attained to the stage of Srotapanna, i.e., gone on the path of Nirvana, belong to the higher class or Paramartha Bhikru.  These or some of these while even they reside in human habitation, being possessed of divine knowledge and wisdom, continue in the class of Paramartha Bhikru.  Ordinary gelong or Bhikru, such as wear the yellow garment, have shaven their heads and betaken to the life of Pravrajya or renunciation of all worldly concerns, and observe the vow belonging to the order, are called Samvpti Bhikru.
dge slong du mi rung ba 	dge slong ma yin pa  SANST one unworthy the position of a gelong.
dge slong ma 	SANST an ordained nun; she has 364 vows or restrictions to observe; dge slong ma sun phyung ba  SANST one who finds fault with or slanders a Buddhist nun.
dge slong shing 	acc. to J‰. is a provincial name for (Cedrus deodara) Deodar tree.
dge slob ma 	SANST a pupil monk; one who is preparing himself for being admitted into the higher order.
dgeng la 	, more properly dgang la  on; upon; in; at (in Ts., J‰.).
dger ba 	= gYo ba  to parch or fry (food); 'khur ba dger ba  to fry pastry.
dger 'bad 	= dge ba la 'bad  to exert one's self in acts of piety; a pious man.
dges pa 	= dgyes pa  or mnyes pa  or dga' ba  delighted, pleased or cheered.
dges pa rdo rje 	also written as dgyes pa rdo rje , name of the Tantrik deity he baâ : rnal 'byor gyi dbang phyug dges pa rdo rje zhal gzigs pa  he saw (miraculously) the face of the deity Dges-pa Rdo-rje, the Chief of the Nal-jor (A. 28).
dgo ba 	a species of antelope living on high mountains, Procapra picticaudata (Hodgson); colloq. "go-a" Mongol; gura.  dgo ba ma , female of the above (Cs.): dgo bo'i rwa'i 'khru ba gcod  the horn of the go-a taken as medicine cures diarrhúa.
dgog du phyin pa +	1. SANST to become aged.  2. acc. Lex. lkog tu phyin pa .  Syn. rgas pa  (Moon.).
dgog pa 	abstraction: dgog pa'i snyoms 'jug ces pa  sat perfectly abstracted, being absorbed in meditation on the emptiness of all worldly things.
dgong rgyu 	SANST, SANST opinion.
dgong mo 	or dgongs mo  SANST, SANST the evening; the junction of the day and the night; phyi dro nyin mo'i mtha'  the evening which is the end of the day (Rtsii.); dgong ja  evening tea; dgong zhog  evening and morning.
dgongs skor 	leave in general; also leave (from a superior official); suing somebody in a court to do him harm.  (EEE The headword in the original is dgongs skar  but this seems to be incorrect and has been changed to accord with the original transliteration of "dgongs-skor" which seems to be correct.)
dgongs 'gal med pa 	= thugs khro ba med pa  without incurring displeasure, or displeasing.
dgongs bcad 	judgment; decision on any case or lawsuit.
dgongs pa 	I: 1. vb. to think, reflect, meditate, consider.  2. sbst. the act of thinking, reflection, cogitation.  thugs dgongs  = thugs 'dod  wish, consideration; mnyam pa nyid la dgongs pa  to take one as his equal or as a match for him; dus gzhan la dgongs pa  to think of or at other times; gang zag gzhan la dgongs pa  to think of another person; don gzhan la dgongs pa  to reflect on some other object or business; dgongs pa khrel ba  resp. khong khro za ba  to become angry; to take offence; bka' las nam yang mi 'da' zhing dgongs pa khrel ba  never to be disobedient and to be angry (Ya-sel. 16): dgongs phyogs ma log na  if his opinion does not change.  II: SANST vb. to purpose, intend; usually with termin. of the inf. 'thabs par dgongs so| intended to fight.
dgongs phyogs ri 	to be partial; to act with partiality.
dgongs mo 	= dgong mo  SANST night.
dgongs 'brel 	SANST, SANST commentary.  (EEE the headword is incorrectly spelled.  It should be dgongs 'grel .)
dgongs zhu 	to ask for leave or permission to do anything.
dgongs zab 	serious consideration; as very important.
dgod pa 	I: pr. tense, SANST, SANST to laugh; laughter.  II: a jest; joke (Sch.); cf. bgad pa 3; bde ba la dgod kyin 'dug  laughing, being in happiness; gad mo dgod kyin 'dug  laughing a loud laughter.
dgod yas 	(grangs ) SANST n. of a very large number.
dgod ra 	dgod ra la 'khor rnams ma 'tsham par rtsod cing  (Yig. 28).
dgon dung +	chu med pa'i sa phyogs  a desert; a desolate wilderness where there is no water.
dgon pa 	(pr. "gom-pa") or dgon  SANST, SANST, SANST  1. wilderness; solitary place, waved-leaf fig-tree.  Hence  2. a vihara; a monastery, a hermitage, so called on account of its original situation in earlier times in lonely places abounding in Bodhi trees.  A gˆm-pa should be situated at least a thousand yards distant from a village or town (K. du. cha, 304).  Later on these hermitages became converted into monasteries.  Monasteries in later times assumed the size of large castles and collections of dwelling houses.  Syn. chos kyi 'dun sa ; chos kyi tshong brdal ; klog grwa'i gnas ; mkhas pa'i 'byung gnas ; chos kyi phur bu ; 'dul ba'i gnas  (Moon.).
dgon pa pa 	SANST one residing in the wilderness, or in a hermitage or gˆmpa; dgon pa ma  a female of the above.
dgon gzhi 	landed endowments of a monastery; an estate belonging to a monastery for the support of its monks.
dgol 	(prob. for dgrol 3) sna re bsdus kyang sna re dgol  when some are collected, others disperse.
dgos nges 	urgent necessity; urgently needed.
dgos cha 	necessary objects; indispensables.
dgos 'dod 	1. necessary expenses; what is wished for as very necessary (Cs.).  2. dgos 'dod  wishes and wants: dgos 'dod 'byung ba'i dpal  a treasure out of which all wishes and wants are met.
dgos pa 	I: (goi-pa) SANST, SANST, SANST implies necessity and what is due or desired; to be necessary; to be obliged or compelled; to want; to stand in need of; also where we use 'ought' dgos is generally used added to the verbal root, e.g., za dgos  must eat: nga la dgos  I want; I stand in need of: ci zhig tu dgos  for what purpose did he want them?  bzhengs ma dgos  he was not obliged to erect.  In commanding, the word is used to paraphrase the imperative of a verb: 'ong bar dgos  come! i.e., you must come.  In entreating, the respectful term is chosen: 'byong dgos  should practise good works: nga la gYu dgos pa med  I have no use for the turquoise, I do not want it.  II: necessary; due; needful; useful; med kyang dgos pa'i khral bsdud  a tax necessary to be paid; unrelentingly exacted: rang la dgos pa'i skal ba  the portion due to you: dgos pa ci'i phyir  for what purpose?  dgos pa chung ba'i  being of little use; dgos pa med  not necessary: dgos pa yin  it is requisite; mi dgos pa  useless; unnecessary; mi dgos pa'i phra men  pernicious witch-craft; dgos pa'i bslab bya  useful doctrines; dgos byed  useful: don dgos byed ci 'dug  what is there in it of useful contents?
dgye dgye 	= mgo rgyab phyogs su dgye ba  to bend the head backwards.
dgye ba 	to bend; to be curving or crooked; dbyibs dgye ba  stooping; cringing; writhing: ma sdod rgyab phyogs su dgye ba  don't wait, turn and go away: dgye dgye ba'i brang ma ston  do not stretch or heave up the breast by bending or stooping backwards.  dgur dgur gyi phyag 'tshal  salutation by bending the head low.
dgye bo 	SANST a bent man.
dgyer ba 	or glu dgyer ba  for glu len pa  to sing chant; an expression of the Bon-po.
dgyel ba 	or skyel ba  to fall down, tumble down.
dgyes pa 	(ge-pa) (elegant term) dga' ba  SANST  1. to rejoice; to be glad; also cheerfulness: thugs dgyes pa  the heart cheered: rje btsun bla ma dgyes pa'i 'dzum dkar can  the reverend lama smiled with cheerfulness.  2. to be pleased to; to choose: jo bo 'byon pa la thugs dgyes par 'dug  the Lord in walking is pleased, i.e., likes to walk.  mi dgyes te  sorrowful, sad, discomfited, dejected; angry, indignant.
dgyes pa rdo rje 	the Tantrik god called Hevajra; his other names are:- dpal ldan khrag 'thung he ru ka ; dbyid rdo rje ; rdo rje gri gug ; rol pa'i rdo rje ; kye rdo rje  (Moon.).  (EEE the text above in the original read "dpal ldan khrag 'thung he ra ka " which clearly contains an error.)
dgyes pa'i rdo rje rgyan kyi snying po *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 192, 275) n. of a Tantra work.
dgyes zhal 	cheerful countenance: myur bar dgyes zhal dngos mjal zhu chog pa  may soon be permitted to have an interview; may meet or see your cheerful countenance soon.
dgyes su 'jug pa 	to bend; to double down (Sch.), v. dgye ba 3.
dgra 	(da) also dgro bo  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST enemy; foe; 'chi dgra  mortal enemy; sdang ba'i dgra  the hating enemy, opp. byams pa'i gnyen , the loving friend; da dgra  or da lta'i dgra  present enemy; snga dgra  former enemy; phyi dgra  a future foe; more properly the outer enemy, i.e., an ordinary enemy, not the inner foe; also a foreign enemy.  Syn. sdang byed ; 'khon 'dzin ; bshes mi byed ; mdza' bral ; mdza' med ; pha rol po ; phyir rgol ; las kyi rgol ba ; dgra zla ; 'gran zla ; 'khu byed  (Moon.).
dgra khang 	an enemy's house or camp.
dgra gang 	= ba gam  SANST; SANST a dome, a turret built on the top of a castle.
dgra ngan 	SANST bad or ungenerous enemy; a name of the king of the Kaurava, son of Dhptarartra.
dgra bcom pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST: dgra bcom tshar ba  one who has subdued his enemy; one who has subdued his inner enemy (that brings on sufferings) and by practising religion becomes an Arhat of the Mahayana School.  The Arhat of the Mahayana School is he who has attained to the first stage of Bodhisattva perfections.  An Arhat of the Tantrik School is one who has attained to the fourth order in the five orders of the Tantrik School, i.e., rdzogs rim gyi rim pa bzhi pa .
dgra bcom pa gsod pa 	SANST killing of an Arhat or Buddhist saint.
dgra chas 	the equipments of war; weapons; arms.
dgra 'joms 	SANST one who has subdued his enemy; subduing the enemy.
dgra 'joms pa 	SANST, SANST killer or subduer of one's enemy.
dgra nyams *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 110) destruction of the enemy.
dgra nyams par gyur cig 	SANST (let the enemy be destroyed or injuriously dealt with).
dgra bo 	(da-o) enemy: gang zhig dgra bo dag la yang ||gYo med sems kyis phan byed pa||de la dgra bo thams cad kyang ||thal mo sbyar ba nyid du byed| to whatever enemy one does good with an unruffled mind, even to him all the enemies also will show reverence.
dgra lha 	the war-god.
dgra lha dpang bstod 	hymns to the war-god; religious service for the war-god.
dgra sta 	SANST an axe the blade of which is semi-circular; a sector-like disk; a weapon of war.  Syn. sta re ; dgra sta ; tho ba  (Moon.).
dgra sta can 	SANST, SANST, SANST frightful.
dgra sta ba 	SANST one who holds the axe (such as Parasurama).
dgra dag pa 	SANST giving pains; taking vengeance on an enemy.
dgra rdel 	(Rtsii. 51.).
dgra 'dul ba 	SANST to subdue an enemy.
dgra bo gdung ba 	SANST, SANST one who has destroyed his enemy; lit. foe-paining.
dgra byed pa 	, dgra ru ldang ba , lang ba  to act in a hostile manner.
dgra zon 	always on guard; careful.
dgra zla 	(dgra bo'i zla bo ) SANST rival; opponent; adversary.
dgra yi khyim *	SANST, SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 137) the enemy's house.
dgra las rgyal ba 	SANST, SANST triumphant over an enemy.
dgra shags 	a substitute in cattle supplied for killing another's horse, yak or sheep, etc.: dgra shags lan ma thub na ming rang ma 'bod cig| if you cannot give a substitute do not call me by my name.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "dgoa..." which is clearly in error.)
dgra slong ba 	to search for one's enemy.
dgra gsod dpa' bo dkar po 	= ga bur  SANST camphor (Sman. 107).
dgrad pa 	(da-pa) SANST spread.
dgran zla 	(dan-da) = dgra bo  or dgra zla  enemy; adversary; rival; foe (Moon.).
dgram pa 	(dam-pa) fut. of 'grem pa .  me tog dgram pa  SANST, flowers to be strewn; dgrams  that which is to be arranged or set out.
dgrar sems pa 'dzin pa 	to look upon one as an enemy.
dgrong pa 	resp. of shi ba  to die; da dgrong gin 'dug| now he is dying.
dgrol ba 	fut. of 'grol ba  SANST, SANST, to set free; also free-will; bcings pa dgrol  a knot or tie loosened.
bgags pa 	pf. tense of 'gegs pa , bgags su gyur ba'i (cha bzhag pa )rag lus pa  settled or decided upon obstructing or hindering, opposing, etc.; lam sogs bgags pa  SANST obstructed the road.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "bgag-pa" or bgag pa  which, given the context, is not the spelling intended.)
bgad pa 	to laugh; a laugh; bgod mo bgad pa  id. cf. dgod 3; bzhad gad  SANST a smile; laughter.
bgam pa +	to eat; to gobble; to throw into the mouth.
bgegs 	I: gegs  a demon.  bgegs la gang zag dang gang zag ma yin pa gnyis yod  the bgegs are of two classes, those mortal and those spirit-like; these cause hindrance, obstruction.  bgegs kyi rgyal po bi nA ya ka  Ganesa, the remover of obstacles, the leader of the Gana-class of demons.  II: SANST, SANST hindrance; obstacle; bgegs kyi rgyal po  SANST is the chief of the evil spirits who are of 80,000 different kinds.  Some cause heavy rains, hail storms, etc., to injure the crops; some bring on famine and so on.
bgegs kyi bdag mo 	SANST a goddess.
bgegs bag pa 	gnod pa'i 'dres sgrib pa la|'di lo bgegs bag pa min na chung ba'i 'jam pa tsam 'dug rung | (Rtsii.).
bgegs byed pa 	SANST, SANST that which causes obstruction; to cause obstruction.
bgegs sel ba 	; skyon sel ba  to remove obstruction, calamity, disease, epidemic, &c.: ngan lam zhugs mi yong ba'i ched du bgegs sel  performed some religious ceremonies that no mishap may occur on the way, etc. (Rtsii. 65).
bgo skal 	so so'i cha  SANST, SANST, SANST portion; a kinsman or claimant.  1. sngon gyi las kyi bgo skal  the portion or lot on account of one's former acts; also share, lot.  2. the doctrine of strict retribution.
bgo skal la  od pa 	(nang gis gang thob pa'i skal ba de la  od pa ) SANST to enjoy one's own share.  (EEE The original headword has sbyod pa  but that is clearly in error for  od pa  and has been corrected.)
bgo ba 	I: SANST clothes; clothing; bgo ba dang bza' ba  food and clothes (J‰.).  II: 1. to put on clothes, pf. imp. bgos ; lham rtag tu bgos  always wear shoes.  2. subst. apparel, etc.: bgo ba ngan pa  SANST.  III: fut. of bgod pa 3.
bgo bya 	dividend; the number or quantity to be divided.
bgo re +	= ba gam  also the parapet on the roof of a house; a square turret or castellated room on the top of a castle: thog span bad dang khang pa gru bzhi'i dbyibs la'ang zer  "it is applied to a building four-cornered in shape with an edge of crockets on the top."
bgo bsha 	= bgo bsha'  or bgo skal , SANST, SANST.
bgo bsha' byed pa 	to distribute, allot, apportion.  Often also bgo bsha' rgyab pa .
bgod pa 	fut. bgo  pf. bgos  SANST, SANST to divide; nor bgo ba  to divide property; to divide in ciphering a grangs  number; to distribute shas shas su  into shares; mi rnams la  among people.
bgod pa po 	the divider; bgor byed  divisor.
bgod yas 	SANST  1. protection.  2. n. of a number (S. Lex.).
bgod ra 	apportionment; share: nang zan gtan sdod rnams la snyoms brdad yeng yong ba'i bgod ra byed  divide everything (that is left over) equally among the permanent residents of the family, &c. (Rtsii. 61).
bgom bya 	SANST way; road.
bgoms pa 	SANST, SANST, also bgom pa , to walk, to step, to stride, to pace: 'them pa la bgoms pa  stepped over the threshold.  bgom 'gro ba  to pace; to walk slowly.
bgor 	supine of bgo ba .
bgor ba 	or 'gor ba  (Cs.); lam du 'gor  to linger or loiter in the way; delay.
bgyangs pa 	v. rgyong ba 3.
bgyid pa 	pf. bgyis , fut. bgyi , imp. gyis .  Is elegant form of byed pa  SANST  1. to do; to act; to perform.  2. to make; to manufacture: gyis zer ba'i gzugs  the images regarding which there had been said, 'make them,' i.e., the bespoken, ordered images (J‰.).  las bgyid pa  to do a work; bka' bzhin du bgyi'o| according to order, it will be done; nyes gnas bgyid pa  to act the disciple; to be a disciple.  mi la gnod pa bgyis  I have hurt the man; I have done him harm; bu yod par gyis shig| make, bring it about, that a child be (born): rgyal po ma nor gyis shig| see that you do not let the prince escape; zhes bgyi ba  the so-called (J‰.).
bgyis 	SANST, SANST a deed, act.
bgyer ba 	past. of 'gyer ba ,  ir sngags pas cho ga btang dus skad gdangs snyan pos 'don pa  ejaculating; chanting: gsang sngags sgra ji bzhin par bgyer nas|chos log la 'god pa zhig byung | accordingly in the chanting of Mantra, there was some mistake (A. 66).
bgrang 	SANST number; figure.
bgrang rtogs 	n. of a very great number (Ya-sel. 57).
bgrang 'phyes 	n. of a great number; bgrang 'phyos  n. of a great number occurring in the passage bgrang 'phyos bgrang 'phyes la bsgres pa  (Ya-sel. 57).
bgrang 'phreng 	SANST, SANST rosary-beads.
bgrang ba 	SANST to number, count, calculate: 'phreng ba bgrang ba bya  should count the beads of his rosary.
bgrang ba yang 	SANST even counting.
bgrang bya 	what may be numbered; numberableóyears, time.
bgrang yal 	SANST low; n. of a great number (S. Lex.).
bgrang yol 	SANST that cannot be measured: bgrang yol gnyis dang mi 'jal gnyis  (Ya-sel. 57).
bgrangs pa 	SANST capable of being counted.
bgrangs pa la 'das pa 	SANST that is past counting.
bgrad pa 	=  1. gdangs pa  to open wide; mig bgrad pa  to stare; to goggle; kha bgrad pa  to gape; rkang pa bgrad pa  to part the legs wide; to straddle.  2. to scratch (Sch.), spelt more correctly 'brad pa  (J‰.).
bgram pa 	SANST separated; anxious.
bgril ba 	to fall down; to drop down: gYang la bgril  fell into the abyss (Situ. 74).
bgrung ba 	or bgrungs , =  angs su bcug pa  to strain; to depurate; chu yi rnyog ma  angs su bcug pa  to strain the impurities out of water.
bgrud pa 	pf. bgrus , fut. bgru  to clear of husks; to shell; bgrus pa'i 'bras  husked rice.
bgre ba 	resp. rgas pa  or bgres , SANST old; grown in age.  Syn. na so rgas pa  old; bgres po ; rgad po  or rgan po  (Moon.).
bgreng 	occasionally for  1. sgeng ba ;  2. bgrang ba .
bgreng phreng 	SANST a rosary to count the names of saints, Buddhas, &c.
bgren pa 	(den-pa), v. bkren pa 3 (Sch.).
bgro 	(do) SANST a song.
bgro gleng pa 	= gros byed pa  to argue, discuss: khong gi grwa pa mkhas shig lha rje la bgro gleng byed du byung ste  one of his learned scholars having come to confer with Lharje (Deb. ga 8).
bgro ba 	(do-wa) (pf. bgros ), resp. bka' gros  with gleng ba   1. to argue, discuss, confer with, consider: zhes phan tshun du bgros nas  thus mutually discussing; ji ltar bya zhes bgros nas  deliberating what they should do.  2. to resolve, decide.
bgro ba'i khang pa 	= glu dbyangs kyi khang pa  SANST the stage; a music booth.
bgrong ba 	= bgrang ba  to count (J‰.).
bgrod 	(doi) SANST  1. progress; gait (Schr.; Kalac. T. 25); going.  2. it also signifies the number 2 (Rtsii.).  bgrod dka' ba  SANST difficult progress; difficult to pass; bgrod dka' ba'i gnas  SANST a wilderness; a place or desert which is difficult to traverse; bgrod dka' ba'i lam  SANST a difficult passage; an inaccessible path.
bgrod pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. to walk; to get over; wander: bgrod la phan  is useful in getting along.  lam bgrod pa  to travel over; to get through: chu bgrod par dka' ba  a river difficult to cross.  2. declination; SANST; nyi ma lho bgrod  the sun's going to the south; the sun's south declination; byang bgrod  the sun's north declination; bgrod dus gnyis  both declinations; bud med la bgrod pa  to lie with a woman (Cs.).
bgrod bya 	(doi-ja) SANST a road in general; met. a woman (Moon.).
bgrod yas 	SANST walking; a mover (Lex.).
bgrod lam 	1. a road; passage.  2. met. the female organ (Moon.).
bgros 	(doi) = bka' gros  conference, consultation (Situ. 75); bgros ngan byas  made conspiracy; holding unlawful conference: yang sang nyin khong gnyis kyis bgros ngan byas pas  (Rdsa. 14) again yesterday both of them held evil conference.
mgar 	the work or craft of a smith; gser mgar  goldsmith.
mgar khang 	or mgar sa  smithy.
mgar khri sgra dzi thun 	n. of a celebrated minister of Tibet.
mgar  od 	SANST the practice or craft of a smith.
mgar ba 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST blacksmith; one of low caste.  Syn. lcags bzo pa ; lcags mgar ba ; mtshon cha mkhan ; rdeg cha mkhan  (Moon.).
mgar rtsan gnya' ldom ba 	n. of the celebrated minister Gar of Tibet, who was sent to China to negotiate for the marriage of the daughter of emperor T'ang Tai-tsung with his master king srong btsan sgam po .
mgal ba 	jaw-bone; ya mgal  the upper jaw-bone; mgal ba  or ma mgal  the lower jaw-bone.  In colloq. both jaws together are called ya le ma le .  mgal chag  a broken jaw-bone; mgal bud  a dislocated jaw-bone.
mgal dum 	SANST a large piece of wood split or cut, or half burnt.
mgal pa 	or 'gal pa  a billet of wood.
mgal me 	SANST, fire-brand; torch consisting of long chips of wood.
mgal me bskor ba 	SANST to whirl round a fire-brand.
mgal me'i 'khor lo 	a circle of light produce by whirling round a fire-brand.
mgu *	SANST (Sch.; Kalac. T. 3).  [satisfied]S.
mgu ba 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. to rejoice; to be glad, joyful, content; mgu nas  delighted: mgu ba'i lan ma byung  did not receive a gratifying or satisfactory answer.  2. to exhilarate; to gladden; to make content.  dga' dgu ba , dga' dgu rang ba , mgu ba bya ba  SANST are frq. intensive forms to express joy or exultation in the older classics.  Syn. dga'  (Moon.).
mgur 	1. = mgu bar .  2. SANST throat; neck; that which comes out of the mgur  is called a mgur ma , a song: rje btsun mi la'i mgur  the venerable Mila's songs.  3. voice; mgur snyan pa  sweet voice; harmonious voice.  4. song, air, melody; hence a religious song.  Used as honorific form for glu , especially in Milaraspa, each of the doctrinal ditties in the work being preceded by the words mgur 'di gsungs so|, he uttered this song.
mgur chu 	mchod rten gyi bum gdan  the pedestal on which the cupola of a chaitya rests.
mgur du gsungs pa 	anything sung or put into verse.
mgur na spa 	 = mgul rgyan  ornament worn round the neck (Moon.).  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "mgur na-pa" for mgur na pa .)
mgur 'bum 	the hundred thousand sacred songs; name of one of Milaraspa's two great works, which are both interwoven with numerous religious songs.
mgur zho 	or se ba  24; of the weight of 24 rattee; a weight equal to 7 1/3 skar ma .
mgur bsal ba 	1. to deliver a song with emphasis.  2. to clear the throat; to hawk; to hem (J‰).
mgur lha 	a god of hunting with the Mongol Shamans (Shr.).
mgur lha mched bzhi 	the four brothers (sylvan gods) from whom the four great tribes of Tibet are said to have originated.
mgul pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST neck; throat; resp. for mgrin pa ; mgul du 'dogs pa  to tie, fasten on the neck, e.g., magic objects; rang gi mgul pa gcod pa  to cut one's own throat; to commit suicide, suicidal; mgul pa nas 'khyud pa  to fall on a persons's neck; to embrace; mgul pa nas 'dzin pa  or 'ju ba  to seize by the throat.  Syn. ske ; mgrin pa ; mgur ; mgo rten ; mgo 'dzin ; resp. ri mo gsum pa ; dung 'dr'i mgrin ; bum pa'i mgul can  (Moon.).
mgul glu 	resp. glu , tshangs dbyangs rgya mtsho'i mgul glu  n. of a work of the second Dalai Lama Tshao-dbyaos rgya-mtsho.
mgul rgyan 	SANST, SANST necklace; a neck ornament.   Syn. mgrin pa'i rgyan ; mgur na spa ; ske'i rgyan ; mgul pa'i rgyan  (Moon.).
mgul sngon 	= mgrin sngon  SANST, SANST  1. he with a blue neck.  2. a peacock.
mgul ching dkar pa 	a white neck-cloth.
mgul chung 	a small amulet worn on the neck.
mgul dar 	or dpa' dar   1. a silk scarf tied round the neck as a badge of honour.  2. the shoulder of a mountain; gYon mgul na  on the left slope (J‰.).
mgul gdub 	SANST the neck-bangle or necklace worn by the Indians.
mgul nad 	disease of the throat.
mgul pa'i rgyan 	= mgul rgyan  or mgrin pa'i rgyan  (Moon.).
mgul ring 	SANST a long neck.
mge'u 	same as mgo'u  v. mgo 3.
mgo 	I: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST the head: mgo 'jog pas lus shes  by the movement of the head the body is known; mgo la me bar ba lta bu  SANST as if glowing with fire on his head.  mgo rus  SANST the head-bone; frontal bone; mgo bong bu lta bu  SANST a head like that of an ass: mgo sgy ur slob slob bsdad 'dug  he sat (at times) bending his head (Rdsa.).  II: 1. summit, height, top: ri mgo kha bas gYogs  the hill tops were covered with snow.  2. first place; principal part; mgo byed pa  to lead; to command; to be at head of; dbu mdzad pa  to inspect, look after, superintend, control: bu mo zhig gis mgo byed pa'i mi mang po  a number of (labouring) people were superintended by a girl (the farmer's daughter) (J‰.).  3. beginning: gros mgo  the beginning of a consultation.  mgo 'dzug pa  to begin: bod sdug pa'i mgo 'dzug  that was the beginning of the misfortunes of Tibet; brten gyi skyid mgo de nas tshugs  with this my constant good fortune commenced; lo mgo la  at the beginning of the year; mgo nas  from the beginning.  4. in grammar a superscribed r, l, s, e, i, ra mgo'i ka ; rka  with r superscribed; de rnams bas phul sa mgo'i ka'o| these are the words beginning with ba sa ka  (J‰.).  III: SANST n. of a constellation (the 5th) consisting of stars resembling the head of an antelope.  Syn. ri  ags mgo ; mgo skyes ; snal po ; zla skyes  (Moon.).
mgo klad 	the brain.
mgo dkyil 	colloq. crown of the head; vertex
mgo skor 	imposture, deceit: bdud kyi mgo skor de nga mi 'dod  I detest these diabolical tricks (J‰.).
mgo skor ba 	to cheat, swindle, confuse; mi mgo ma skor  do not cheat people.
mgo dgu ba 	= dgur ba  = dgu ba .
mgo skya 	a gray head; mgo skya can  a gray-headed person.
mgo skyes 	v. mgo 3 III.
mgo skyes dkar ba 	= rgan pa  or rgas pa  an old man; gray hairs (Moon.).
mgo skyong 	or mgo 'dren  a protector; patron.
mgo skyob 	= rmog  a helmet.
mgo khra 	scald-head.
mgo mkhregs can 	obstinate, pertinacious, stubborn, esp. in buying and bartering; selfish; bargaining; haggling.
mgo rgyan 	SANST, SANST  1. head ornament.  2. n. of a place in Tibet.
mgo lji yog pa 	SANST a heavy head.
mgo nyal 	hair of the head.
mgo nyog 	bewildered, confused; troublesome: da res kyi bya ba 'di mgo nyog  work at these times is very troublesome (Rdsa. 26).
mgo mnyam gsum 	the three things of simultaneous occurrence; they are:- (1) 'chi ba dran pa rgyud la skyes pa  the thought of death arising in the mind; (2) tshe 'di blos thongs pa  renouncing of worldly affairs; (3) chos byed pa  to practise religion.  The contrary of the three are the following:- (1) mi 'chi snyam pa  the thought that one will not die; (2) tshe 'di la 'thams pa  to remain attached to worldly affairs; (3) sdig pa byed pa  commission of sin (Lo. 45).
mgo bsnyung 	SANST stiff-neck.
mgo btags zhu ba 	to seek protection under one who is superior to himself; to seek refuge under such.
mgo rtag chod pa 	one who can give decided advice.
mgo rten 	that on which the head rests, i.e., the throat or mgo 'dzin  that holds the head; SANST the neck (Moon.).  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "mgo-rtan" which is clearly in error.)
mgo stong 	a giddy-headed man; an idiot; one who cannot think for himself.
mgo thug 	= 'dra 'dra  an equal, a match, a rival.
mgo thod 	SANST top or crown of the head; on the summit.
mgo thon pa 	one who by his own ability can direct others.
mgo 'thom pa 	confounded.
mgo 'don pa 	= mgo 'dren byed pa  to favour, preserve, make safe: dge bsnyen bzhi'i yo byad thams cad cad mgo 'don du bcug go| all the properties of four Upasakas he caused to be kept secure (A. 22).
mgo na 	SANST headache.
mgo nan 	, thog ma  SANST first, foremost.
mgo spug 	the head together with the meat of a slain goat, sheep or yak, &c.
mgo ba 	SANST the head.
mgo bo 	= yan lag mchog  SANST the chief of the limbs of the body (Moon.): mgo bo gdugs 'dra zlum pa'i mi yi dbang por 'gyur  he who has a round head resembling an umbrella becomes a lord of men.
mgo bo  i ther ba 	a bald-head.
mgo mi bsgy ur 	SANST does not change his residence or head-quarters.
mgo mo gYog 	head-cover.
mgo snos pas go ba 	= cung zad lab pa tsam gyis go ba  to easily perceive the meaning from a slight movement of the head.
mgo tsog 	round protuberant head: yo byad gang rung gi mgo tsog tsog yod pa la  on the heads of whatsoever things that may be round.
mgo 'dzin 	SANST the head of an office, or work-leader.
mgo 'dzug pa 	SANST to begin (a work or subject, etc.).
mgo zla ba 	SANST, SANST November-December of Indian calendar.  The eleventh month of the Tibetan calendar.
mgo zlum 	or mgo reg  SANST, SANST, SANST shaven head, also round bald-head; a Buddhist monk; mgo zlum gnas  a place where the shaven heads reside; a monastery; mgo zlum pa  a shaven head; a monk.
mgo zlum lam nag 	= sgra gcan  the sounding planet; a comet (Moon.).
mgo'u chung 	SANST with a small or no head; the running-hand character of Tibet.
mgo gYog pa 	= bslus pa  or mgo skor  to cheat, deceive; mgo gYog mgo skor gyi bslu khrid  to rob one by deception or cheating.
mgo rug 	= mgo gug gug byed pa  to bend the head; to bow down the head: ja bur 'dren pa'i mgo rug byed pa  he made obeisance presenting tea and treacle.
mgo leng can 	SANST; shing  a tree; = mgo 'dan pa  shaking the head as a signal or from illness.
mgo reg 	or mgo bregs  Buddhist monk.
mgo lhag phyed pa 	or mgo snyoms byed pa  to make all equal; not to make any invidious distinction between parties; to deal evenly: thams cad mgo lhag byed par gyis zhes  thus commanded, all behave fairly among yourselves (A. 115).
mgon dkar yid bzhin nor bu *	(Schr.; 77 A.).
mgon po 	according to some grammarians the word mgon  is an abbreviation of the words mgo 'dren pa  ('dre  being eliminated), signifying SANST protector, patron, principal, master, lord, tutelary god; so the word is applicable to Buddha, saints, and also ordinarily to any protectors and benefactors in general.  When mgon po  occurs as a proper name it denotes either Buddha or Avalokitesvara or Mahadeva.  Among the mgon po  are also classed Ganesa, the Dikpala or guardians of the world and of Buddhism, besides many other spirits who are represented as possessing four, six, and sometimes eight arms.  This class of gods is also numerous in both the Tantrik and Bon pantheon.  mgon po zhal bzhi phyag bco brgyad  the Lord with four faces and eighteen arms.  Sambhara (bde mchog ) of the Bon-po has three faces and six arms.  In Buddhist India there were worshipped three Natha SANST, or mgon po , viz.:- (1) 'bab stegs mgon po  the spirit invoked to inspire one by entering one's body; (2) nag po mgon po  the black-spirit; (3) bram ze mgon po  the Brahma natha, i.e., Brahmana's spirit (K. dun. 50).
mgon po gri gug *	n. pr. (Schr.).
mgon po rta nag can phyag bzhi pa 	(Schr.).
mgon po stag zhon *	(Schr.; 87 A.).
mgon po  an ras gzigs 	= 'phags pa  an ras gzigs  SANST the patron Lord Avalokitesvara (Moon.).
mgon po phyag drug pa *	(Schr.).
mgon po phyag bzhi pa *	(Schr.; 81 C.).
mgon po beng *	(Schr.; 85 C.).
mgon po bram gzugs *	n. pr. (Schr.).
mgon po mi pham pa *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 111) [invincible Lord]S.
mgon po 'od dpag med 	SANST lit. immeasurable light; a n. of the 4th Dhyani-Buddha.
mgon po zhal gcig *	(Schr.).
mgon po zhal bzhi *	(Schr.).
mgon po legs ldan *	(Schr.; Org. m. 110, 20).
mgon mangs 	many patrons or defenders of religions; many small pyramidal sacred erections (Cs.).
mgon med 	SANST unprotected, helpless; mgon med zas sbyin  SANST n. of a certain house-holder who accommodated Buddha in the Jetavana grove of Sravasti.  He was the chief house-holder devotee of Buddha.
mgon btsun phya'i grong khyer 	n. of a city in the paradise of the Bon-po.
mgyogs 'gro 	horse, wind.  Syn. rlung ; rta  (Moon.).
mgyogs 'gro'i brun 	met. for rta yi spangs  horse-dung (Sman. 186).  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "mayogs-hgrohi brun", which is clearly in error.)
mgyogs pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST adj. and adv. rapid, swift, quick; speedily: mgyogs po 'gro na rta dang glang chen chad||ga le 'gro na bong bus rgyal khams bskor| by quickly going the horse and the elephant become prostrate; by slowly walking the donkey travels round a kingdom.  In modern works and colloq. mgyogs po  as adj. and mgyogs por  as the adv. are the commoner forms.
mgyogs pa dri ldan 	la shing kun  assafútida (Sman. 109).
mgyogs por 	quickly, speedily, soon.
mgyogs lam 	a straight, short way; rkyang mgyogs , v. rkang 3, a short-cut; su mgyogs  a race; a running-match (J‰.).
mgrin skyes 	= klu dbyangs  song; music (Moon.).
mgrin sngon 	SANST Mahadeva; he with a blue neck; the peacock.  When the ocean was churned by the gods and the Asuras, there came out the sun and moon and then Lakrmi the goddess of wealth and fortune, and afterwards nectar was the result.  Lastly came forth a pot of poison which would have destroyed the world.  The God Mahadeva out of compassion for all living beings of the world, himself drank the potion, in consequence of which his neck turned blue.  Syn. lha dbang phyug ; rma bya  (Moon.).
mgrin gcig tu 	with one voice; unanimously.
mgrin bcu 	SANST a name of Ravana, King of Ceylon and the son of Pulasta.
mgrin bcu'i dgra bo 	, rgyal po ra ma Na , King Rama (Moon.).
mgrin thung ba 	a short neck, throat, or voice.
mgrin ldan 	SANST the cuckoo or Indian koel.  Syn. khu byug .
mgrin pa 	(din-pa) SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST the neck; mgrin ring ba  a long neck.  Syn. gre ba ; mgur ; mgul pa ; mgo rten ; mgo 'dzin ; ske ; ri mo gsum pa ; dung 'dri'i mgrin ; bum pa'i mgul can  the last three are used in polite language (Moon.).  gre ba  is a corrupt form of the Sanskrit word SANST griva (Lish.).
mgrin pa can 	peaked mountain.
mgrin pa btigs 	raised head (as if out of panic or alarm).
mgrin pa rab ring 	= khrung khrung  the stork (Moon.).
mgrin pa'i rgyan 	= mgul rgyan  or ske yi rgyan  necklace (Moon.).
mgrin pa'i sgra 	voice.
mgrin pa'i phyogs 	SANST the mouth [the collar-bone]S.
mgrin pa'i rtsa 	SANST the root or base of the neck.
mgrin pa'i rlung 	SANST breath.
mgrin dmar 	SANST red-throat; n. of a bird.
mgrin mdzes 	SANST a handsome neck; mgrin bzang  n. of the friend and general of Rama in his exile.
mgrin bzang 	one with a loud, clear voice.
mgrin bzang ma *	(Schr.; 92 B.).
mgrin bzang btsun mo 	1. n. of a goddess.  2. = gi wang  SANST n. of concretion found in the brain of elephants or stomach of cows (Sman. 94); a bright yellow pigment.
mgrin sngon zla ba'i rtogs brjod 	n. of a Tibetan romance containing 133 block-print leaves, composed by Lama Blo-bzao Bstan-pahi rgyal-mtshan of Tshor-phu in Tibet.
mgron 	I: (don) is also sometimes wrongly spelt as 'dron  SANST, SANST feast, treat, banquet, entertainment, resp. sku mgron ; sku mgron 'bul ba  to entertain; mgron la 'bod pa , resp.  mgron la 'bod pa , resp.  mgron du  an 'dren pa  SANST to invite to an entertainment; mgron du gnyer ba  to regale, treat (K. du. tha, 87).  II: in Buddhism signifies object of invocation; and any person invoked is called mgron pa .  The latter are of four classes:- (1) dkon mchog srid zhu'i mgron  the holy ones form the object of invocation in the world.  The holy ones are:- Buddha, Dharma, Saogha, one's lama (Guru) and one's tutelary deity: (2) mgon po yon tan gyi mgron , the Natha who are a class of fearful deities, the celestial Dakini, the Dharmapala and the guardian gods of Buddhism; (3) rigs drug snying rje'i mgron  the six classes of animate beings such as human beings, gods, demons, the animal kingdom, the Preta or ghosts, and the hell-beings; (4) gdon bgegs lan chags kyi mgron ; here the invoked are 360 demons called gdon  and 80,000 evil sprits called bgegs .  These do mischief to all living beings on account of their own misdeeds of a former existence.  It is necessary to invoke such and to appease them by offerings.  According to the Bon-po there are chiefly two kinds of mgron , i.e., objects of invocation:- (1) a person or deity invoked for worship; (2) a person invoked out of compassion (D.R.).
mgron khang 	SANST a house for the accommodation and temporary board of guests, strangers, &c.
mgron gyi 'phrin skyel bya 	bya skya ka  the magpie (Moon.).
mgron gnyer 	or mgron bu 'bod pa  to invite or call a guest; mgron bu gnyer ba  lit. the receiver of guests; an officer whose duty it is to introduce others to the king or to the great lamas of Tibet.  He is also called yar gsal zhu mkhan , he who communicates the wished or mandates of a superior person to an applicant.
mgron du 'gro ba 	to go to an entertainment; zas mgron  a feast; ja mgron  a tea party; chang mgron  a treat with beer or wine.
mgron po 	SANST, SANST one newly come; a guest.  Syn. gsar du 'ong ba ; glo bur 'ong ba ; mgron du 'ong pa  (Moon.).
mgron po bos pa 	to call or invite a person.
mgron bu thal ba 	name of a medicinal drug which is alleged to stop bleeding; it is useful in fracture and sores.
'gag 	1. obstruction; stoppage; yid 'gag  want of appetite; gcin 'gag  also 'gag  strangury.  2. a place or spot that has to be passed by all that proceed to a certain point: zam pa'i 'gag tu 'gag na rku ma 'dzin thub  a thief may be arrested if you be on the look-out for him in the passage of a bridge; ri bo dpal 'bar gyi 'gag  the place on Pal-hbar mountain where there is a narrow passage; sgo 'gag  the door of the house because through it all that enter or leave have to pass; kha 'gag  the mouth, through which everything must pass that is eaten; fig. thar lam gyi gnad 'gag  the main point for salvation.  'gag gcig tu dril ba  to unite; to be concentrated in one point (J‰.).
'gag skyor 	anything like a fencing that is put round a field or garden or a house to stop ingress from outside.
'gag pa 	or 'gags  SANST  1. pf. form of 'gegs pa  to stop, to cease; to be at a stand-still; mostly in the perfect form: kha 'gags  the appetite is gone; the passions having been suppressed.  2. door -keeper, v. sgo 'gag 3.  (EEE sgo 'gag  does not occur as a headword in the dictionary but see under 3'gag 3.)
'gag pa med 	SANST free, unobstructed; the sky; also voidity or that which is in a simple or uncompounded state.
'gang 	v. rgang 3.
'gang 	(po ) the burden of an office, business, commission.
'gangs chen 	also 'gang chen  important; very valuable; gdan 'gangs chen rnams bkol bde dang ngo rnor med , gnas 'gangs chen rnams  important or chief places of pilgrimage, &c.; rten 'gangs chen  very sacred symbols;  ad lag 'gangs chen  valuable things; don 'gangs chen  important meaning or object.  Syn. rtsa che ba ; drag pa ; yag po  (Moon.).
'gangs mthun 	equal; phal cher mthun  in thorough agreement; in harmony: lho gling gsum gcig tu byas pa'i tshad dang yang 'gangs mthun  (it was about) equal to the area which the three southern places together occupy (Ya-sel. 19).
'gangs pa 	difficult, troublesome (Sch.).
'gan 'khur ba 	to stand security for; to guarantee; to take responsibility on one's self; 'gan bskyur ba  to impose responsibility.
'gan dkris 	making over charge; making responsible.
'gan rgya 	= gan rgya  agreement, covenant.
'gan can 	responsible.
'gan theg pa 	to undertake anything; to take charge of: rang don la phog na lus bong bus kyang 'gan theg  when self-interest is concerned even the donkey understands his duty.
'gam pa 	to cram into the mouth, especially of dry edibles; phye 'gam pa po  an eater of flour (Situ. 84).
'gal ba 	= mi mthun pa  to contradict; to disagree; to mistake; 'gal spong ba  = 'gal ba spong ba  not to make mistake; to avoid errors; 'gal med  without mistake.
'gal zla 	= 'gal ba'i grogs  or mi mthun pa'i grogs  an enemy: rang dang mi mthun pa'i 'gal zla rnams dang bsdongs nas  having joined with such of the enemy as were not in agreement with one another (Khrid. 116.).
'gas pa 	to split, to crack, to burst apart.
'gud pa 	v. gud pa 3.
'gugs pa 	to summon; bring back; 'gugs pa po  one who is called to; a waiter (Situ. 84).
'gum pa +	to die (of natural death, of disease): de'i ring la lo rtsAa ba'i 'khor yang phal cher tshad pas 'gum  at that time most of those of the attendants of the Lo-tsa-wa who were smitten with fever died (A. 65).
'gul ba 	to move, quake, shake; sa gYo  = sa 'gul  earthquake; 'gul ba po  or 'gul byed  shaker; fut. 'gul bzhin  = 'gul gyin .
'gur zho 	same as mgur zho TMa ka brgyad la mgur zho gcig , one Mgur-sho is equal to eight tao-ka.
'gegs byed 	= khyo bo  or mdza' grogs  husband (Moon.).  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "hgeg-bye" which is clearly in error.)
'gems pa +	= 'joms pa  to confound; to subdue SANST; mgo 'gems pa po  one who confounds or bewilders.
'gems par byed pa 	SANST repeatedly bites; acc. to Cs. another form for 'gum pa , to kill, to destroy (Sch.); klad pa 'gems pa  to surprise; to over-throw an argument by reason; mgo gems  stupid (Sch.).
'gegs pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST to hinder, obstruct, keep back or in; fut. dggs , pf. bkag : dgag pa la med dgag dang ma yin dgag gnyis yod|yin min lta bu  preventing what is and what is not, etc., in Buddhist metaphysics.
'gengs pa 	pf. bkang , fut. dgang , imp. khong  to fill up; also to satiate.
'gebs pa 	pf. bkab , fut. bgb , imp. khol , to cover up; to put on; to conceal.
'gel ba 	= 'gyel ba  pf. kal , fut. dgal , imp. khol :  1. to load; to lay on a burden; khral 'gel ba  to impose tax or rent; to commission; to charge with; to make, appoint, constitute; to put; to place on or over: gdung ma bkal ba  a beam placed over it; to set or put on, e.g., a pot; to hang up; gos 'gel gdang  a stand to hang clothes on; fig. 'chi bar nus pa'i thog 'gel dgos  one must set on it the roof of being able to die, i.e., one must crown the whole edifice of life by being free from fear of death (J‰.); to impose a fine; to give punishment.
'gel brel 	old; 'gel brel na ldan  the old, aged.
'gel gYag 	= khal gYag  laden yaks.
'gel lugs 	the method of imposing fine or punishment.
'ges pa 	pf. bkas , fut. dgas , imp. khos , to split, cleave, divide; bkas shing  (Lex.) cleft or chopped wood; dum bur dges pa  to divide into pieces; to cut up or open.
'go 	same as mgo , origin, source; SANST  1. foremost; in front; dmag 'go  commander of an army; mkhar 'go  or rdzong 'go  commander of a fort, of a district: chos kyi go sangs rgyas la thug  the origin of Dharma (Buddhism) is traced to Buddha; chu yi 'go gangs la thug  the source of a river is traced to the snows.  2. beginning; the first: 'gor  in the beginning; ser ba'i 'gor  the beginning of the hail.  Syn. thog ma ; dang po ; rtsa ba  (Moon.).
'go ltab pa 	apricots?
'go nan 	= thog ma  beginning; first.
'go snam 	broad-cloth; also the superior kind of blanket.
'go pa 	the headman of a village.
'go dpon 	rector, director, headmaster, principal.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "hgro-dpon" which seems to be in error.)
'go phib 	ga sub  a cover; also a canopy or dome over a temple or tomb.
'go ba'i lha lnga 	the five superior demi-gods, which are the following:- (1) mo lha 'am zhang lha , (2) srog lha , (3) dgra lha , (4) pho lha , (5) yul lha .  These are the inseparable companions of humanity, and rejoice when we do good actions and become sorry when we sin.  There are several treatises on the rites to propitiate them.
'go pher 	= go chod pa  useful: lo chung nas 'go pher  from early years, i.e., from boyhood, he has been useful.
'go ba 	SANST, pf. gos , or 'gos , cf. bsgo ba 3.  1. to stain; to lose colour; to dirty, sully one's self.  2. SANST to infect with a disease; 'go ba'i nad , 'go ba'i rims  a contagious or epidemic disease, a plague; 'go nad  or 'go ba'i nad , reg dug dang rims , SANST an infectious disease; also a contagious disease.
'go ma 	beginning, origin, source.
'go mi 	headman.
'gog ku 	prob. derived from the Chinese, signifying the goddess of the elements.  Acc. to the Chinese the fundamental elements are tree, fire, earth, iron, and water.  Each of these is presided over by a goddess.
'gog pa 	I: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST v. bar du bcod pa 3, 3'gegs pa 3.  II: = 'jog pa  SANST, SANST, SANST to keep; to place; to arrange; a deposit; pledge.  III: pf. bkog, fut. dgog , imp. khog   1. to take away forcibly; to snatch, tear away, pull out; rtsa ba 'gog pa  to pull up the root; 'gog pa po  one who takes or draws out.  2. to take off a cover, a lid, a pot from the fire, in W. (J‰.).
'gog pa ri 	the hill on which the monastery of Gahdan is situated: 'gog pa ri nas rje bla mas dga' ldan gyi dung gter nas bton .  (J. Zao.).
'gog  od pa 	SANST = sems kyi rnam rtog 'gog pa  to stop the arising of imaginations or fancies in the mind.
'gog byed 	SANST discipline, and from 'gog pa , there arise  1. zhi ba  SANST peace;  2. gya nom pa  = phun sum tshogs pa  SANST perfected state.  3. nges par 'byung ba  SANST firm conviction.
'gogs 	I: bkag pa  (Moon.).  II: SANST, SANST passing over; transit; crossing; getting over.
'gogs pa 	= 'gegs pa  to prevent; to avert unfortunate events, as danger, fatal consequences; to suppress the symptoms of a disease by medicine; to drive back or away; to expel; e.g., spirits, ghosts; to repel people that are trying to land: bdud rnam pa lnga yis 'gog ste  it having been averted by the five kinds of demons (D.R.).
'gong po rdo 	or pha wang long bu  a kind of stone of liver colour, believed to be sacred to the God Damchen who rides on a goatóthe peculiarity of this stone being that it breaks in cube-like pieces (Sman. 404).
'gong ba 	= 'da' ba  or snad pa  SANST to bewitch, enchant; also to pass over, get the better of: 'di la su yis 'gong bar nus  who can overpower this, i.e., who can enchant him; 'gongs nas  SANST having crossed, passed over.
'gong ba po 	or 'gong po  an enchanter; 'gong ba mo  an enchantress, a sorceress.
'gong bo 	SANST a class of demons which bring disease on men and cattle.
'god pa 	pf. bkod , fut. dgod , imp. khod  cf. khod 3.  SANST  1. to design; to project; to plan (Sch.)  2. to found; to establish; to plan (Sch.).  2. to found; to establish; to lay out (a town); to build (a house); to manufacture; to form; to frame.  3. to put; to fix; to transfer into a certain state or condition; bde ba la 'god  place in a state of happiness; thar pa'i lam la 'god  puts into the way of salvation.  sangs rgyas kyi sa la 'god pa  establishes in the realm of Buddhahood.  4. to set or place in order: gral phyam bgod pa 'dra  as the rafters of a roof are placed side by side (S. g.) mthar dgod pa  to add, place at the end (Vai. kar.); bkod par mdzes pa  beautiful as to arrangement; nicely ordered; brgyan dgod pa  to arrange ornaments (tastefully); to decorate, adorn; to construct or adjust grammatical forms, sentences (Zam.).  5. to set down in writing; yi ge la 'god pa  to record: ming ka ba la 'god pa  to write name on a column; to compose, draw up, write a narrative, etc.  Frequently to mention; to insert in a writing; to publish; to make known.  6. to rule; to govern (Sch.): byol song bkod pa'i rgyal po yin  he is king over all subjugated animals (J‰.).  The participle pf. bkod pa  is also sbst.: (1) ground-plan; outline of a building; delineation; sketch; zhing bkod  map; design; (2) form, shape, figure (Sch.); sample; copy; even of one's own body, e.g., where a person multiplies himself by magic virtue sprul ba  (3) building; edifice; structure: bkod pa mdzes  the structure is beautiful; (4) frame; form; bkod pa lus  the structure of the body: nga'i bkod pa nam mkha'i rang bzhin  my form of an ethereal nature.  (EEE The original reads "cf. khod pa ", but just khod  is given above to permit the hypertext link.)
'gom pa 	1. to tread: bla ma slob dpon sogs kyi grib ma dang |bzhugs gdan na bza' sogs dang za btung sogs 'gom na nyes pa che  treading on the shadows of lamas, teachers, &c., also on their chairs, seats or clothes or objects of food and drink, is sinful.  2. acc. to Sch. = 'gem pa , 'gum pa  to pass over; 'gom pa  = 'gro ba  to go; going (by passing); steng nas 'gom zhes pas  = gom pa brgyab nas 'gro ba  to pass over a thing; leap over it.
'gom yug pa 	= phar 'gom tshur 'gom byed pa  to cross or pass over from one side to another (Khrid.): rkang pas 'goms shing 'gro  walks pacing with the feet.
'gor 	1. in the beginning; 'go gral 'gor  at the top or head of a row or order: chu 'gor  at the source of a river.  2. supine of 'go ba .
'gor ba 	= thogs pa  SANST, SANST to tarry, linger, loiter: lam du 'gor ba  to linger on the way.  Syn. gul ba .
'gor gzhi 	delay; 'gor gzhi med pa  without delay.
'gol ba 	SANST; pf. gol   1. to part, to separate; vb. n. 'gol ba'i gnas  a hermitage; 'gol po  hermits, recluse.  2. to deviate; err; go astray.
'gol sa 	1. the place where two roads separate so as to create doubt in the mind regarding the right path.  2. error; mistake.
'gos 	n. of a monastery, Ta., also n. of a tribe and of a minister of Tibet: blon chen 'gos kyis zhal che dga' gsum du bcad  (Ya-sel. 4).
'gos pa 	1. v. 'go ba 3: 'go ba'i nad 'gos yong  it will catch contagion.  2. SANST a liniment; a medicine to be rubbed on; SANST anointed, besmeared.
'gos gzhon nu dpal *	n. pr. (Schr.; Ta. 2, 60).
'gyag pa 	cf. skyag pa 3, to be sold, spent, expended (Cs.).
'gyang ba 	pf. 'gyangs ; SANST, SANST, SANST to be delayed, deferred, postponed; farthest: phyir 'gyang na  if one defers it; lo mang po mi 'gyang bar  not many years shall have passed; dus 'gyangs  a long time after.
'gyangs med 	without delay (Yig. k. 26).
'gying pa 	SANST, SANST an appearance of greatness or of pride.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "hgyios-pa" for 'gyings pa  which might also be correct.)
'gying ba 	1. to assume air or appearance of greatness; to sit lifting up the body in the manner of a lion.  2. to look haughtily; to look down upon; to slight a person; mi la 'gying ba  also of things, to despise, contemn, neglect them.  ltongs su 'gying ba  seem to be an intensified form, meaning to scorn loftily; to look down on as from a summit.
'gying bag 	attitude; posture; gesture; also manner in reference to gzugs  form, or dbyibs , appearance.
'gyings 'khar 	a staff consecrated to a fearful deity, or having on its top a head with wide yawning mouth or in some fearful attitude.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "hgyio-hkar" for 'gying 'khar  which might also be correct, but given the dictionary context the Tibetan headword as shown above is probably what was intended.)
'gyings pa 	v. 'gying ba 3.
'gyim pa 	SANST the circumference.
'gyu ba 	pf. 'gyus , to move quickly to and fro, e.g., as lightning, the quivering air in mirage, the motion and versatility of the mind, &c.
'gyur ba 	SANST, SANST, pf. gyur to| or gyur pa , imp. gyur cig  cf. sgy ur ba 3.  1. to become; to grow, increase, change: dge slong du 'gyur ba  to become a monk; rgyal por 'gyur ba  to become a king; sbrum mar 'gyur ba  to get with child; 'dun du 'gyur  to reach the number of seven: khyod pas brgya 'gyur pas lhag par bzang ba yod  there are those which grow a hundred times better than you; gsum 'gyur lta bur  three times as such; da gnyis 'gyur tsam zhig  one twice as large as that; 'gyur skad  a changing voice.  2. sbst. change, alteration, revolution, vicissitude: dus bzhi'i 'gyur bas  through the change of the fourth season; 'gyur rten bzhag pa  to pay money in hand as an earnest that the bargain is not to be retracted.  'gyur du med pa  SANST unchangeable, invariable: mthu stobs nad med pa|gzi rjid yongs su 'gyur ba| the total decay of strength, health and esteem (in old age); bdag gi sems ma gyur ma nyams pa  my mind has not been altered nor weakened; dad pa 'di las ma 'gyur cig| do not depart from this belief.  'gyur du yod pa  changeable, variable: pho mo 'gyur pa  male changing into female and vice versa: sems 'gyur ba  to change the mind; yod par 'gyur ba  to become; begin to exist; to gain possession: srog la mi lta bar 'gyur pa'i dngos po 'di dag  these acts of having become indifferent to life; cang mi smra bar gyur to| he became speechless.  3. 'gyur ba  annexed to an infinitive may denote either the perfect or the future tense, the context deciding in very instance how it is to be understood: su zhig rgyal srid byed par 'gyur  who shall have the Government? who shall rule? de rgyal por 'gyur bar shes so| they knew that this man would become king.  ya mtshan du 'gyur ba  to be surprised, astonished; gnas su 'gyur ba  to come to a place; to arrive at: 'dod pa'i dngos grub tu 'gyur ba  to be endowed with the perfect gift of wishing, viz., of having every wish fulfilled; gYos par 'gyur ba  to become moving; to begin to move.  4. to be translated; bod du 'gyur ba  to be translated into Tibetan; bka' 'gyur  the translated word; 'gyur byung  was translated.
'gyur ba'i chos 	changeable (and therefore perishable) things (Cs.).
'gyur bar 'gyur *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 89) it will become.
'gyur byed 	a changer; one who brings about changes.
'gyur med 	SANST unchangeable; infallible.
'gyur tshig 	the translated words; according to some authors words that have been translated into another language: rgyud rang gi 'gyur tshig dngos gnas su 'jog| keep the original terms of the Tantra intact with their translation (Ya-sel. 38).
'gye 	= 'od  SANST light; a whip.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "hye" which is clearly in error.)
'gye ba 	pf. and imp. gyes   1. to be dispersed; to be divided, e.g., a river that is divided into several branches; rnam pa gnyis su  (a ray of light) divided into two parts; to separate; to part: bem rig 'gyes dus  body and soul part from each other.  2. to issue, proceed, spread, branch from: de dag las gyes so| they have proceeded from those (their ancestors).
'gyeg 	= gnad  the sense; the real meaning; essence: bon thams cad kyi 'gyeg man ngag la thug pas  the essence of all the Bon meets in the Man-oag.
'gyed 	1. n. of a district in north Tsang: gtsang gi ru gnyis ni ru lag shang 'gyed  (Loo. 'a 6).  2. alms in money or eatable things; 'gyed gtong pa  to distribute alms.  This expression is defined by Tibetan writer as tshogs la dngul lta bu mi re re la 'grems te ster ba  to bestow silver and the like in an assembly, distributing to each man.
'gyed stobs 	SANST athletic feat; exercise of arms.
'gyed pa 	pf. 'gyes , bkye  SANST, SANST, SANST  1. to divide (trs.), to scatter, disperse; 'od zer 'gyed pa  to diffuse rays of light: sprul pa 'gyed  sends forth an emanation; pho nya 'gyed pa  to send a messenger; to dismiss; tshogs  an assembly.  2. to institute, set going; 'thab mo 'gyed pa  to start a combat; gYul 'gyed pa  to fight a battle; gYul 'gyed pa po  one who gives battle; in the dispute.  3. to give an entertainment, banquet; to hold a feast.
'gyed ma 	= phra men pa  n. of a goddessóone that brings on division, dissension, or disunion.
'gyer ba 	or spong ba  SANST to drop or let fall; to throw down; to quit, abandon, throw away (Sch.).
'gyel ba 	to fall; to tumble down: gan rkyal 'gyel  fell on his back, face upwards; sa la 'gyel  tumbled on the ground; rlung sogs kyis 'gyel ba  to be thrown by the wind, &c.; nad kyis 'gro mi thub par 'gyel ba  stricken down by illness so as to be unable to walk: rdo la thogs nas 'gyel ba  he fell by stumbling on a stone; de'i tshe na kho mo 'khums te sa la 'gyel ba dang  then I, fainting away, fell to the ground.
'gyes pa 	another form of 'gye ba ; phan tshun so sor 'gyes pa , to separate as under or between two parties.
'gyog thel 	= las dam  seal; 'gyog thel chabs bcas  properties under seal (Rtsii.).
'gyog pa 	to ascend; gyen du 'gyog pa po  one who climbs up (Situ. 84).
'gyod pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST to repent; to grieve for.  1. lament, relent, not only for bad, but also for good actions, when the latter are attended with disadvantage.  2. sbst. regret: 'gyod pa bskyed pa  regret arises at last; nga 'gyod pa bskyed pa  I felt regret; nga 'gyod pa'i sems med par khyod la sbyin no| I gave it to you readily without regret.
'gyod pa rnam gsum 	the three kinds of regret are illustrated as follows:- (1) dgra byes su ma 'thul rang yul 'gyod  not being able to defeat an enemy out of one's country, or dpa'o res byas gcig byung na sems ngo 'gyod  to be sorry for an occasional defeat after one has behaved himself as a hero; (2) mthon gzhis su ma byas byes su ma byas byes su 'gyod  to be sorry, when out on a journey, at not being properly equipped with provisions, etc; mgron nges kha gcig byung dus nga re 'gyod  to be sorry on inviting an important person when there is no proper arrangement for his entertainment or reception; (3) rta pho gzhis su ma gso byes su 'gyod  to be sorry for not having fed one's horse when on a journey; also rta shi sga khur byung dus nga re 'gyod  to be sorry when the horse dies, one has to carry the saddle on one's own back; (4) lha chos gzhon dus ma byas rgas dus 'gyod  to be sorry in old age for not having done religious works as a youth; (5) 'chi bdag bdud po de byung dus 'gyod  "when that Devil the lord of death has come, he repents."
'gyod pa'i dri ma 	regret after a gift has been made; 'gyod med  SANST without regret or repentance.
'gyod rmo ba 	to cause repentance; to make one suffer, feel, or pay for a thing: gnong 'gyod  repentance proceeds from consciousness of guilt (J‰.).  'gyod tshangs byed pa  to apologise: 'gyod tshangs byed par gnang ba  to accept an apology.
'gyod zin pa 	having repented.
'gyod bshags 	confession and repentance.
'grags grags 	or grags 'grags  SANST, very bright.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "hgrags-gras" which is clearly in error.)
'grags pa 	I: (dag-pa) pf. grags   1. to sound forth; to utter a cry or sound, of men, animals, thunder, &c.; to shout: de'i rna lam du 'grags par 'gyur na  if it should be shouted into his ear.  2. to be famous; to be called; zhes grags  so it is called; so he was called; by this name he goes; under that name he is known.  II: to bind, v. grags pa 3.
'grang ba 	(dang-wa) 1. to number; to count, v. bgrang ba 3.  2. to satisfy with food; to satiate; 'grangs rjes  after having eaten one's fill; sha ba bsad pas mi 'grangs te  not yet having enough of deer killing.
'grangs 	(dang) SANST fully fed; eaten to the full extent; filled up.
'grangs pa 	= grod pa 'gengs  or gsus pa 'gengs  bellyful, stomachful; lto ba 'gengs  eaten to one's fill; also ngoms pa  eaten to satiety; with tshim pa  satiated; chog pa  contented (Moon.).
'grad pa 	or bgrad pa  to spread; to enter.
'gran 	(den) v. 'gran pa 3 SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST challenged; invoked.
'gran gyi do med 	= 'gran ya med  without a rival; matchless; unequalled (applied to things).  Syn. 'gran gyi do zla med pa ; 'gran zla med pa  (Moon.).
'gran thub pa 	= 'gran nus pa  or 'gran bzod pa  to suffer rivalry; to stand rivalry.
'gran du 'jug pa 	1. to place in opposition; to enter into competition.  2. in a general sense, to defend one's self; to make resistance (Rdsa.).
'gran do +	= 'gran zla .
'gran pa 	(den-pa) SANST, SANST, SANST (1) to vie with, contend with to strive (for victory); phyug khyad rnam thos sras dang 'gran te  to cope even with Vaisravana as to riches: bstod par 'gran  let us vie with one another in uttering praise; 'gran pas chog  let us now draw a parallel between (these two).  (EEE No definition (2) is provided in the original.)
'gran tshig 	words of contention, bickering.
'gran zla 	(den-da) 1. rival, competitor.  2. equal match; 'gran zla dang bral ba  unrivalled; matchless.  Syn. 'gran ya ; 'gran gyi do zla ; 'gran do  rival; match.
'gran sems 	1. contention; emulation.  2. jealousy.  3. quarrelsome temper; spirit of controversy; 'gran sems gcog pa  to stop; put an end to contention, rivalry.
'gram 	(dam) bank; shore; side; neighbourhood, as tsig pa'i 'gram  the foot of the wall; chu yi 'gram  river side or bank; me yi 'gram  fire-side; dgon pa'i 'gram  neighbourhood or a monastery; grong pa'i 'gram  vicinity of a village; lam gyi 'gram  roadside: lung pa chu yis gang na 'gram rdo skam po mi lus  if the river fills the valley, a stone on its bank does not remain dry (a proverb).  Often used as a postp. with or without du or la annexed: gzar po'i 'gram du  at the brink of the precipice; mtsho'i 'gram la  at the lake; close to the lake; 'gram du  is also used as adv. meaning near; close by.
'gram dkyus 	= 'gram pa .
'gram ngogs 	SANST, SANST a bathing place; a shore.
'gram lcag 	a slap on the face; a box on the ear.
'gram pa 	SANST, SANST cheek (cf. khur tshos 3) lag pa 'gram pa la rten pa  to lay one's hand on the cheek; as vb. to proclaim, publish.
'gram po 	SANST one living or residing in the neighbourhood; one possessing crushing teeth; a demon.
'gram gzhi 	foundation; basis; 'gram gzhi 'ding ba  to lay a foundation.
'gram yig 	edict, proclamation, publication; lo rgyus gnas tshul gyi yi ge 'gram pa  to publish accounts of biography or history, &c.
'gram rus 	cheek-bone; jaw-bone.
'gram gshog 	the hinder part of the jaw-bone (Sch.).
'gram so 	acc. to J‰. cheek-tooth; molar-tooth; grinder.
'grams pa 	to spread over; me tog sogs 'grams pa po  one who spreads or scatters flowers, etc.  'di ni mi la 'grams pa  this will be spread over the man; sa la 'grams pa  to spread on the ground; phyogs phyogs su 'grams pa  to scatter to the different quarters; lus la nad 'grams pa  to infect the body with disease.
'grams tshad 	over-mastering fever.
'gras 'grus 	= gya gyu  SANST serpentine, crooked, bent.
'gras pa 	(de-pa) phan tshun mi mthun pa   1. disagreement; difference between two parties.  2. SANST, SANST to hate; to bear ill-will; to have spite against.
'grig 'grig 	(dig-dig) 1. arranged properly; tshig 'grig 'grig pa  to arrange words properly.  2. gelatine; jelly of meat (J‰.).
'grig pa 	(cf. sgrig pa 3) to suit, agree, correspond; to be right; stabs 'grig pa  suitable occasion; rten 'brel 'grig pa  good or auspicious coincidence; dus tshod 'grig pa  the time suits; gral 'grig pa  to make everything ready; kha 'grig pa  unanimity in deposition; all of one expression or speech; blo sems 'grig pa  to agree in opinion; kha mchu 'grig pa  compromise in a law-suit or case (civil or in criminal).
'grib pa 	1. SANST to grow dim; to get dark (Cs.) (cf. sgrib pa 3).  2. SANST loss; diminution; also to grow less; to decrease, to be diminished, to decay; mi 'grib mi lud pa  neither to grow less nor to flow over; 'phel ba  is opposed to 'grib pa ; bskal pa mar 'grib pa  the kalpa (period) diminishes.
'grim 	v. 'grim pa 3 in lag 'grim  lag 'grim gyis brgyus pas , passing from hand to hand.
'grim 'grul 	communication; also travellers, either merchants or pilgrims: rdo rje gdan du sog po'i 'grom 'grul chad  the communication of the Tartars with Dorje-dan (Gaya) was interrupted (A. 19).
'grim pa 	1. sometimes for 'brim pa .  2. pf. 'grims  to march about, perambulate; to rove or stroll about; walk round; rgyal khams 'grim pa  to rove over the countries; ri khrod 'grim pa  to wander on a mountain range; chu dang lung la yang 'grim nas 'gro ba  to go about crossing rivers and valley, &c.
'grim mod 	doing or accomplishing any work: la la ni las kyi dbang gis mngal sgo gzhan yang 'grim mod kyis mthar bde  some in consequence of las (i.e., karma) entered the womb, others having accomplished good deeds, were happy enough to escape (here mthar  = thar ) (Hbrom. kha, 24).
'grims 	(dim) or 'grims pa  SANST, SANST inferiority; inequality or also less in quantity or quality; rig pa 'grims pa  failing in intellect; growing foolish.
'gril ba 	(dil-wa) pf. gril  (cf. sgril ba 3).  1. to be twisted or wrapped round, for 'khril  (Sch.), to be collected, concentrated; to flock or crowd together; kun 'gril nas  all in a heap; all together.  2. to be turned, rounded, made circular or cylindrical, e.g., a stick (J‰.).  3. to fall, drop down.
'gris 	(di), v. 'dris 3; 'gris ma thag tu snying gtam mi bshad cing  immediately after acquaintance not expressing one's heart's words, (i.e., revealing one's secret) (Jig.).
'gru ba 	(du-wa) pf. grus   1. to bestow pains upon a thing; slob pa la 'gru ba  to take pains in studying.  2. n. of tribe in Tibet: dbra' 'gru ldom gsum lga dang bzhi  (Jig.).
'grub pa 	(dub-pa) pf. grub  (Situ. 69) to be accomplished without any perceptible agent; to be made ready; to be finished; 'grub par 'gyur ro| will be finished: 'grub par 'gyur cig| let it be finished or performed; 'grub par 'gyur  or 'grub yong  will be finished, performed; 'grub pa mi srid  it cannot be accomplished or done; ma grub par  before accomplished or performed: ma 'grub pa rnams 'grub par 'gyur ro| let those deeds not yet effected be accomplished.  lhun gyis grub pa  spontaneously grown or produced, i.e., in a supernatural way: 'grub par shog  SANST may it be accomplished!
'grub sbyor 	I: or 'grub pa dang sbyor ba  anything accomplished and perfected (as a reward).  II: is an expression occurring in almanacks relative to the proving true of certain astrological prognostics of good luck; similar to, but not identical with, rten 'brel .
'grum pa 	(dum-pa), pf. grum  (cf. grum pa 3), to pinch or nip off (the point of a thing); to cut off; to prime, lop, clip the wings (J‰.).
'grul ba 	(dul-pa) = lam gyi mgron po  a traveller, passenger; also a pilgrim: bod la da lo sog po 'grul pa mang po slebs byung |'gyed mang ja yag po byung | this year many Mongol pilgrims have come to Tibet; there were liberal alms-doles, and tea for many.
'grul ba 	1. to walk; to pass; to travel; 'grul bar byed pa  to cause to go; to send off, despatch, a messenger; 'grul ba po  a walker, post, traveller, pedestrian; sbst. 'grul  passage; the possibility of passing: gnya' nang gi 'grul chad pas  the passage from Nyanang being stopped (by snow).  2. fig. to walk; to live, act, or behave.  3. to pass as good; to be current (of coins).
'grul zhud 	passage, communication.
'grus 'gog +	= brtson 'grus  assiduity, industry.
'grus pa 	(dui-pa) 1. pf. 'gru ba .  2. sbst. zeal, enthusiasm, diligence, endeavour; more frequently brtson 'grus  (J‰.).
'gre ba 	(de-wa) (rigs lta bu ) SANST to roll one's self; sa la 'gre ba  to roll on the ground; 'gre ldog  or 'gre log byed pa  to roll on the ground from pain or despair, &c.; also of horses, &c.
'gre ldog ldog pa 	to roll on the ground from pain, etc.; to wallow: rta sogs phar tshur 'gre log rgyab pa  the horses, etc., roll hither and thither; sdug bsngal mi bzod pas 'gre ldog ldog byed kyin 'dug  unable to bear pain they were rolling (on the ground) (Khrid. 39).
'greng ba 	(deo-wa) (cf. sgreng ba 3) SANST, SANST to stand: dong gi khar 'greng nas  standing at the mouth of the pit; dngngs pa ltar 'greng bar 'gyur  they started up as if afrighted.  mi 'greng gsum  three lengths of a man (J‰.).
'greng bu 	(deo-bu) also 'greng po  sign of the vowel   e "e."
'grem pa 	pf. bkram , fut. dgram , imp. khroms   1. to spread (as of grain, for drying), or 'grems pa  (dem-pa) (chu lta bu ) SANST to sprinkle (water).  2. to put or lay down in order, e.g., beams, &c.; to spread out; to display; to scatter; to draw (a curtain).
'grel chung don gsal *	SANST n. pr. (Schr.; Ta. 2, 200).
'grel pa 	1. = 'tshol pa  SANST, SANST to beg, supplicate.  2. to put in, arrange; tshig don 'grel pa  the arranging or paraphrasing the meanings of words.  3. to explain, comment upon.
'grel bshad *	SANST (Schr.).
'gres pa 	ex-officer; late officer.
'gro gling *	SANST n. pr. (Schr.; Ta. 2, 222), n. of a country (prob. Tamil); of a lexicographer [prob. SANST].
'gro sgo 	= 'gro song ba  expenditure, cost; anything expended.
'gro lding 	I: n. of a country in the south of India, i.e., Dravira.  II: SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 27).
'gro ba 	pf. song , imp. song , but negative form of imp. ma 'gro   1. to go, in all its significations, i.e., to go away, proceed to, walk, &c.  2. sbst. a living creature; that which moves; 'gro ba rigs drug  the six classes of living things.  3. to live; be living; move; exist; to be.  Syn. rgyu ba ; 'dong ba  (Moon.).
'gro ba po 	= 'gro byed  one who goes; goer; walker; traveller; passenger; pres. 'gro bzhin 'dug  = 'gro gin 'dug  proceeding; going; fut. 'gro bar 'gyur .
'gro ba rigs drug 	the six kinds of moving beings:- (1) lha  the gods; (2) lha ma yin  SANST the demons; (3) mi SANST humanity; (4) dud 'gro  SANST beasts, etc; (5) yi  ags  SANST the ghosts; (6) dmyal ba  SANST hell-beings.
'gro ba'i mgon po 	SANST an epithet of Avalokitesvara;  an ras gzigs  a name of Buddha, of Virnu (Moon.).
'gro myongs 	= 'gro nyong  previously visited.
'gro las che 	= 'gro shes che  or 'gro nyen che , adv. very probably; in all probability; also lam che  alone is used: gso ba rig pa 'di bod na snan med pas nub nas 'gro las che  the science of healing, there being no medicine in Tibet, may in all probability disappear (A. 35).
'grogs pa 	to associate with; to keep company; to be in the company of; to accompany: dam pa dag dang 'grogs par bcun  try to associate with the holy ones.
'grogs pa po 	or 'grogs par byed  associate; one who accompanies, goes together.  Syn. rjes chags ; yongs sbyor ; yang dag 'grogs  (Moon.).
'gro lugs 	(custom) manner.
'gron bu 	cho lo'i sa bon  cowries; dice (Moon.).
'gro ma *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 119).
'gro bzang ma *	(Schr.; 92 A.).
'gro byed 	= glang po  an elephant (Moon.).
'grol ba 	I: pf. bkrol , fut. dgrol , to unravel; to make loose; to set free; to unfasten; don du mdud pa 'grol ba  to cut the knot; 'grol ba po  or 'gro byed  one who unravels, loosens; 'grol gyin 'dug  is being set free; 'grol bar 'gyur  will be set free.  II: to escape, be liberated, be released from.  The pf. here is grol .  Generally used in the distinctive Buddhist sense of escape from the necessity of living, re-birth, etc.
'gros 	mi rta sogs kyi 'gro lugs  gait; manner of walking of men, horses, etc.: nyi zla gza' skar la :- rang 'gros rlung 'gros gnyis re yod  those that are self moving, such as sun, moon and planets, etc., and those that are moved; ngang pa ne tso'i 'gros can kun gyis bkur  those whose manner of walking is like the goose or the parrot are respected by all: glang chen seng ge khyu mchog 'gros ldan mis|longs  od mang po'i bdag po byed par 'dod| those that walk in the manner of elephant, lion or bull become rich and wish to be master of many people; khyi phag bong 'gros can gang sdug bsngal 'thob  whosoever walks in the manner of dog, pig and donkey gains unhappiness (Mi.).
rga ba 	pf. rgas  SANST  1. to be old, aged; also sbst. old age.  2. to go down; to set (of the sun, etc.) (J‰.).
rga wang krad kyi 	bat, flitter-mouse (J‰.).
rga lo *	(Schr.; Ta. 2, 252).
rga shi 	SANST old age and death; rga shis gzir ba  to suffer under the infirmities of old age.
rgang 	also 'gang gzer ma  hedgehog, the second term designating two species: Erinaceus auritus and Erinaceus amurensis, the latter found in Kˆkˆnur district.
rgad pa 	= resp. rgan pa  old; aged.
rgad po 	= rgas pa  also = bgres po  an old man; a man gray with age.  Syn. lang tsho yol ; na tshod yol ; lo mang khur ldan ; dbang po nyams ; 'khogs pa ; mgo skyes dkar ba ; bzhi pa'i gnas skabs ; sku na snin pa ; dgung lo mthon po ; rgan pa  (Moon.).
rgad mo 	an old woman.
rgan rgon 	(rgad po rgan mo ) old man and old woman.
rgan pa 	SANST, SANST an elder; senior.  In Tibetan astrology a person aged between 60 and 72 is called rgan pa .
rgan po 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. an old man; elder.  2. the headman of a village.
rgan po'i thig 	go ba  vulture; also met. for rainbow (Moon.).
rgan po'i thig le 	SANST met. an old man's son.
rgan po'i las 	the work of an elderly man.
rgan mo 	SANST, SANST, SANST an old woman; one infirm and worn out.
rgan zhugs 	SANST those that are grown old; elderly people.
rgan rabs 	SANST the venerable, aged.
rgan rims 	SANST of the older class.
rgan la nyan pa 	SANST to listen to the advice of the old.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "rgan-la Òam-pa" which is clearly in error.)
rgan song 	SANST has become old.
rgal 	SANST, SANST; = rab  a ford; chu rgas  the ford in a river: rgal dka' ba  difficult to ford or to cross.
rgal pa 	or rgal ba  pf. and fut. brgal , imp. rgol  to ford (a river); to travel through; to pass over; to surmount a pass: rgya mtsho la gru gzings kyi rgal te  after having crossed the sea in a ship; la brgal ba'i byang ngos  the north side (face) of the mountain pass that has been crossed.
rgal tshigs 	SANST, SANST the joints of the back; hip-joint; according to Sch. rgal tshigs  = sgal tshigs  the spine.
rgal cig 	a lizard; bla ma rgal cig  the chameleon.
rgas 	rga ba  old, ripe.
rgas ka 	old age.
rgas pa 	= rgad po  SANST, SANST aged, old; exhausted; infirm; sbst. an old man.
rgas pa bso ba 	an elixir (which has the property of giving the appearance of youth in old age); bcud len gyi skor  (Mog. 90).
rgas byed 	SANST that makes one look old and haggard.
rgas byed ma 	SANST a women whose company makes a youth look old.
rgas med 	SANST that never grows old, a name of the celestial beings.
rgu 	= dgu  many; dgu thub  one able to overcome many.
rgu drus 	a mixture of many ingredients healing sores, joining veins and removing pains in the intestines, as in rgu drus rma 'drub rtsa mthud rgyu gzer 'joms  (Med.).  (EEE The original gives the headword as rga drus , but given the transliteration (rgu-drus) and the context it has been changed here.)
rgud pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. disadvantage; trouble.  2. to decline, to sink, grow frail: rgas pa dang na ba dang mya ngan dang sdug bsngal gyis lus sems rgud pa  (his) body and mind become deteriorated from misery, sorrow, disease and age; dar rgud  rise and decline.
rgud po 	v. gud po 3.
rgud mun 	= dbul phongs kyi mun pa  a destitute person; destitute.
rgun 	= rgun 'brum  SANST grapes; rgun dkar  the white species of grape: rgun 'brum glo nad sel zhing tshad pa  ong  the grape removes diseases of the lungs and cures fever.
rgun skems 	wine or drink made from grapes.
rgun rgod 	wild grapes; according to J‰. raisins in W.
rgur po 	or sgur po  SANST hunchback; one bent by age, v. dgur 3.
rgur re 	rgur rgur byas nas sdad pa  sit downcast, bending the head downwards.
rgo 	sometimes for sgo .
rgo ba 	= dgo ba  a species of antelope Procapra picticaudata v. J‰.
rgongs mo 	= dgongs mo  in older writings the evening.
rgod 	1. adj. wild; bya rgod  a vulture; a bird of prey; ra rgod  wild goat; phag rgod  wild boar; gYag rgod  = 'brong  a wild yak.  2. mi rgod lta bu  like a wild man; a savage; a robber; a ruffian; mi rgod byed pa  to rob (usually named together with murdering and lying).
rgod skam ma 	a barren mare.
rgod pa 	1. to laugh.  2. = gYeng ba  to grow weak, languid, or indolent.
rgod bag can +	described as yon tan med cing sems dbang mtho ba   1. a vain person pretending to be great and powerful, but devoid of wisdom.  2. = sems rnam par mi zhi ba  the disturbed state of the mind (K. d. 'a 355).  3. weak; languid (J‰.).
rgod byed 	SANST laughing; laughter.
rgod ma 	SANST, SANST a mare.
rgod ma skyes 	1. a name of the physician of the gods.  2. born of the mare.  One of the wives of the God of the Sun who, unable to bear the glare of his rays, ran away in the guise of a mare to the northern continent, Uttara Kuru.  The sun followed there, and caused her to give birth to the celestial twins called Asvini kumara.
rgod ma'i tshogs 	SANST a herd of mares.
rgod yas 	a numerical figure.
rgol 	v. rgol ba 3.
rgol phyi rgol 	a posture of witchcraft against evil spirits: rgol phyi rgol gyi gdan bshams  (A. 33) prepared the seat for a defiant attitude to suppress evil spirits.
rgol ba 	= rtsod pa  SANST, pf. and fut. brgol , to dispute, combat, fight, make controversy; tshig gis rgol ba  to hold discussion, verbal disputation; dpung dang stobs kyis rgol ba  to fight by means of troops and powers; rgol ba'i zhu don  a challenge; a speech provoking a quarrel; phas rgol  a quarrel or contest begun by the counter party (Sch.); phas rgol mi  an adversary, opponent; snga rgol  SANST the plaintiff in a law suit, but generally signifies an aggressor, assailant; phyi rgol  SANST defendant; phyir rgol ba'i gnod pa  is an external danger against which every one tries to protect himself and chiefly by charms and witchcraft; snga rgol  and phyi rgol  are also said to signify such students as hold religious controversies with one another.  snga rgol  is the party putting the question; phyi rgol  is the party answering the questions.
rgol tshig 	threatening words.  Syn.  o tshig ; bsdigs tshig  (Moon.).
rgya 	I: SANST seal, stamp, token, mark, sign; rgya 'debs pa  to seal; to stamp: rgya gcog pa  to break or open a seal; ri rgya lung rgya bzhug pa  to seal up hills and valleys, i.e., to protect the living beings inhabiting them from being harmed by huntsmen or fisherman; an annual religious performance of the Dalai Lama, consisting in variety of spells and incantations for the safety of animals.  Syn. the'u tse ; phyag dam ; dam phrug  (Moon.).  II: animal of the deer class, in appearance like the Nilgai, possibly the saiga-antelope.  III: SANST, SANST a net, a trap; nya rgya  a fishing net; bya rgya  a fowling net; ri  ags kyi rgya  a net or trap to catch birds or wild animals.  IV:  1. extent; size: rgya'i tshad ni ci tsam  how much was its extent?  rgya dpag tu med pa  immeasurable in extent.  2. SANST a name for India but sometimes for China, which are both vast countries; also fullness, complete state, or perfection.  rgya rim pa bdun rgyas btab pa  there are seven kinds of mark used in dividing a volume; they are the following:- (1) tshig 'bru mi 'khrugs tshig gi rgya  the sign or mark for distinguishing one verse from another, so that the verses may not be confused; (2) tshig rkang mi 'khrugs pa shad kyi rgya  the marks or stops used at the end of a sentence or the line of a verse; (3) tshig don mi 'khrugs pa le'u'i rgya  to mark the chapters: (4) sha lo ka mi 'khrugs pa bam po'i rgya  the marks so that the lines may not be carried from one chapter to another; (5) bam po mi 'khrugs pa bam po'i grangs kyi rgya  marks to shew the number of parts in each volume; (6) mtha' mi 'chal ba sne thig gi rgya  the marks to shew the end of book, part or chapter; (7) glegs bam mi 'khrugs pa gdong yig gam  an khyer gyi rgya  the serial number used in marking the volumes of a collection.
rgya gram 	a cross; the Svastika sign; rdo rje rgya gram  a cross made of two Vajra, one placed upon another crosswise.
rgya skad 	Indian or Chinese language.
rgya skas 	a staircase, cf. skas ka 3.
rgya skyegs 	SANST, SANST lac; a kind of resin; rgya skyegs kyi rnam 'gyur  SANST a sort of lac of the colour of MaÒjirtha.
rgya skyegs shing 	SANST, SANST, SANST a kind of tree the twigs of which are used to clean the teeth.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "rgya-skyeg-shio" which is clearly a drop-out error.)
rgya bskum pa 	to contract; to diminish in extent.
rgya dkar 	large orb; disk: nyi zla'i rgya dkar shar  the bright orbs of the sun and the moon appear (J‰.).
rgya bskyed pa 	to widen, enlarge, extend, augment.
rgya khams pa 	the Khampa tribes residing on the confines of China and Tibet.
rgya khyi 	Chinese lap-dog.
rgya khyon 	or rgya 'am khyon  v. rgya 3.
rgya gar 	said to stand for Rgya-dkar, because dkar become gar  when joined to the word rgya  SANST; Tibetan n. for India, the extensive country where the people dress in white.  The different names for India are:- (1) 'phags yul  SANST, Arya desa; (2) 'phags 'khrungs  birth (place) of the Holy ones; (3) bsod nams sa gzhi  SANST for Magadha; (4) sa'i snying po  SANST.
rgya gar phyag na *	(Schr.; Ta. 2, 249).
rgya gram 	v. rgya kram .  (EEE rgya kram  does not occur as a headword in the dictionary.  rgya gram  is actually the correct spelling, meaning two things that are in a crossed arrangement, such as crossed vajras, usually called "double dorje".)
rgya grol 	SANST set free, liberated.  (EEE the original has rgya grol  gya-grol; it clearly should be rgya grol .)
rgya brgyab pa 	or rgya btab pa  to lay a net or trap.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "rgya bgyab-pa" which is clearly in error.)
rgya rgyu ra 	met. for grog ma  the ant (Moon.).
rgya sgo 	SANST a gate; a principal door or entrance.
rgya sgy ur 	met. an ant (Moon.).
rgya cang +	ske rags spub can aab btab pa  narrow, long money-bag made of net and securely joined to the sash.
rgya lcog 	Chinese table.
rgya chad 	partiality; invidious distinction.
rgya che ba 	or thul che ba  great, large, copious, diffused; ston pa rgya che ba  a great master or teacher.
rgya cher rol pa 	Tibetan edition of the Lalitavistara.
rgya che lam 	SANST = rgya lam  main road.
rgya chen po 	= rgya che ba  SANST large, copious, wide; sa cha rgya chen po  an extensive country or large place; sems rgya chen po  a generous broad heart; chos rgya chen po  voluminous religious work; religious observances on a large scale.
rgya cher bsngags pa 	SANST copious or abundant description.
rgya jog 	or rgya 'jog  a long table; a bench.
rgya rtags 	1. SANST mark, sign, signature, stamp.  2. (grangs ) n. of a numeral.
rgya Tam 	the Indian rupee.
rgya thel 	a kind of seal or stamp.
rgya mthongs 	lit. wide view; a platform or open pavilion on the top of a house.
rgya mda' 	n. of a district in upper Kong-po (Yig. k. 25).
rgya 'dre 	or rgyam 'dre  a quarrel.
rgya nag 	SANST China, i.e., the great and extensive country where people dress in black.
rgya rnams 	or rgya mi rnams  the Chinese people.
rgya sna ru 	in mystic language copulation (gab tshig don la 'khrig pa ).
rgya spos 	SANST the chinese incense stick or Joss-stick.
rgya phugs 	SANST a full covering.
rgya ba 	= phan pa , bsam pa 'bad pa  to be useful and of service; to exert one's self: sangs rgyas kyi bstan pa la rgya ba yin pas  (A. 133) he was of great service to the religion of Buddha.
rgya bo 	the beard; colloq. "gyan."
rgya bod 	or rgya nag dang bon  China and Tibet. SANST; also Ulterior or Chinese Tibet.
rgya byin gzhu 	SANST rainbow.
rgya ma 	a steel-yard.  In Amdo the term rgya ma  signifies secondary syphilis.
rgya men me tog 	a flower used as medicine: rgya men me tog khrag 'khrug ro stod gzer la phan  the flower Gyamen metog is useful in diseased blood and in pains in the shoulders.
rgya mo 	a net; also a Chinese woman.
rgya snug 	of the colour of the liver; purple.  Acc. to J‰. violet colour.
rgya rtsangs 	a kind of lizard (Sman. 322).
rgya rtsi 	(sa rtsi ) a Chinese varnish: rgya rtsis rma shu 'bras skran rngo la phan  rgya-rstis rma-shu hbras-skron rngo-la phan Chinese varnish cures sores, wounds, skin-irruption, itch, etc.  (EEE note difference between Tibetan and transliterated spellings of skran  above which are given as they appear in the original.)
rgya brtson 'grus seng ge 	n. of the learned Tibetan Lo-tsa-wa who twice visited Vikramasila in Magadha with a view to take Atisa to Tibet.
rgya tshwa 	= shin tu lan tshwa ba  sal-ammoniac.  Syn. ka po ta ; lce 'bigs  (Moon.).
rgya tshos 	vermilion.
rgya mtsho 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. the ocean; the sea.  2. dropsy.  3. it also signifies the number four: mkhas pa legs bshad kyis mi ngoms|rgya mtsho chu yis ngoms pa med| no amount of elegant sayings or writings is adequate for the learned; no quantity of water is sufficient for the ocean.  rgya mtsho  is a common personal name in Tibet.  Syn. chu gter ; chu dag ; chu'i phung po ; rin chen 'byung gnas ; zla bas 'phel ; zla ba'i grogs ; pha rol mi mngon ; brgal dka' ba ; chu srin 'byung gnas ; chu srin bdag ; chu'i srin po'i grong che ; sin Z‡'i bdag po ; ga]… 'dzin ; ri yi 'od can ; ro ldan ma ; sa mchod ma ; dug can gnas ; nyal 'gro'i gter ; dal 'bab mdzod ; chu srel ; chu srin rgyal mtshan can ; zla ba'i ma ma .
rgya mtsho dga' 	SANST the moon; rgya mtsho'i zla  SANST reflection of the moon in the ocean; rgya mtsho pa 'am mchod gyi dpyad  SANST a seaman or anything belonging to the sea.
rgya mtsho spas pa *	Samudra Gupta; SANST n. of ancient monastery found buried under sand by King Dharmapala, near site of which was founded the monastery of Vikramasila.
rgya mtsho'i mching +	= rgya mtsho'i mjings  or klong dkyil  the vast expanse of the sea.
rgya mtsho'i dung phreng 	= tsha la  billows; waves of the sea; also borax (Sman. 166).
rgya mtsho'i rdo ba 	n. of a medicine.
rgya mtsho'i wu ba 	v. rgya mtsho dbu ba  SANST, a kind of medicine [(1) sea-foam, (2) cuttle-fish bone]S.  (EEE The headword is a mistake.  The letter "lba " is often confused for "wa " and that is what has happened here.  The headword should be rgya mtsho'i lbu ba  where lbu ba 3 means "bubble" and has the same meaning as the alternate spelling 3dbu ba 3.  rgya mtsho dbu ba  does not occur elsewhere in the dictionary but see separately 3rgya mtsho 3 and 3dbu ba 3.)
rgya bzhi 	in W. is stated to be a kind of gtor-ma offering to demons and demi-gods as a substitute for animal sacrifice (J‰.).
rgya gzeb 	acc. Sch. a large net; a large rake used in reaping.
rgya yan 	= gYeng ba  laziness; remissness: rnam kun rgya yan dus  during the time I am found negligent (of religious duties) (Yig. k. 22).
rgya yi 'bur +	engravings on a seal; rgya yi 'bur  = dam phrug gi ri mo  the raised figures or inscriptions on a seal; phyag rgya  in mystic rites the symbolical gestures of the hand or the fingers, to express certain charms and language.
rgya yul 	the country of India or China.
rgya ri 	SANST painted figures, etc; a portion of meat (J‰.).  It also denotes a measure = half dum or one fourth of lhu.
rgya rog 	= aag tsom  beard.
rgya lab 	talk, gossip.
rgya lam 	high road, main way.
rgya shug 	the juniper tree; a species of fir from China and the Himalayas; a species of jujube; rgya gar dang rong gi shug pa 'bras bu chung chung yod pa zhig (Khrid. 33); rgya shug gi 'bru  SANST, SANST jujube, fruit.  Syn. bya rgod sen mo ; 'bras zlum can ; dpal skyes ; sa stobs  (Moon.).
rgya shug 'khyil 	(rgya shug gi sdong po bzang po ) a species of juniper.
rgya shubs 	or pus shubs  light trousers worn by the Chinese.
rgya shog 	Chinese paper.
rgya shos 	= rgya tshos  vermilion.
rgya ser 	1. gap, cleft, fissure; chasm in rocks, glaciers, &c.  2. a dog with yellow spots about the nose.  3. rgya ser pa  a Russian.
rgya sog 	or rgya sog le   1. a saw imported from India or China.  2. a Tartar of Turkistan.
rgya srang 	a wide opening or passage; a street; a balance.
rgya sran 	SANST ('bru ) a kind of pulse; gram.
rgyag pa 	another form for rgyab pa 3, used esp. in C., to throw, cast, fling; mda' rgyag pa  to shoot arrows; dgon pa zhig rgyag pa  to found a monastery.  Has, in general, all the significations of 3'debs pa 3.
rgyags pa 	I: SANST provisions, victuals, food; 'tsho ba'i rgyags  provisions for living; lam rgyags  provisions for a journey; dgun rgyags  provisions for the winter; rgyags zong  merchandise to buy or barter victuals with.  II: SANST, SANST, SANST; dregs pa  arrogance, pride.  Adj. arrogant and inebriated.  There are eight kinds of rgyags pa :- (1) rigs bzang bas rgyags pa  pride of high birth; (2) gzugs rgyags pa  pride of appearance; (3) lang tshos rgyags pa  pride of youth; (4) nad med pas rgyags pa  pride of freedom from sickness; (5) nor gyis rgyags pa  pride of wealth; (6) dbang yod pas rgyags pa  pride of power; (7) bzo rig shes pas rgyags pa  pride of technical knowledge; (8) mang du thol pas rgyags pa  pride of versatile perception.
rgyags pa'i dga' ston 	fat, stout (Sch.); also mighty, powerful, proud.
rgyang 	= gyang   1. wall.  2. SANST distance.
rgyang grags 	SANST the distance of about two miles; the reach of hearing.
rgyang mchong btang gin 	moving forward by long leaps.
rgyang thung ba 	near; mig rgyang  distance of sight, i.e., the distance from which a man may be well distinguished.
rgyang du lus pa 	lingering behind (Sch.).
rgyang nas phog pa 	SANST ear shot; hit from a distance.
rgyang pa 	used for brkyang ba , stretched: rgyang nas bzhag pa  they laid him down stretched out (J‰.).
rgyang phan pa 	or rgya pheng pa  a sect of Hindu philosophers who were scorned by the Buddhists and called atheists; 'jig rten rgyang phan pa  lit. the cast out by the world, i.e., the despised of the people, the Lokayata sect of Ancient India.
rgyang ma 	distance; great way off; rgyang ma nas  at a distance; from afar.  rgyang ma nas grags pa che ba  famous, celebrated; heard from afar, rgyang ma nas grags pa che ba  famous, celebrated; heard from afar.  Very common in older as well as in modern works.
rgyang mig mi mthong mkhan 	short-sighted.
rgyang tse 	ordinary pronunciation of rgyal rtse , the chief town in the district of Nyang in Southern Tsang.
rgyang tshas 	not far from.
rgyang ring po 	far, remote; rgyang ring po nas len pa  taken or brought from a great distance.
rgyang ring ba 	SANST, SANST, SANST delaying; procrastinating.
rgyang bsrings pa 	lengthened to a great distance.
rgyangs 	adv. far; rgyangs bkyed de  moving far away, e.g., in order to increase one's distance from an unpleasant neighbour at table (J‰.).
rgyangs te 	arriving as in haste: shel gyi 'khar ba zhig thogs nas khong gi rtsa rgyangs te byung | carrying a crystal staff he arrived near him (A. 138.).
rgyangs shing 	also wrongly written as rkyangs shing  = sku thang ri mo bri rgyu'i ras gzhi rgyong ba'i shing sogs dang mi sogs rgyang ba   1. castle.  2. the board on which the body of a culprit is stretched for flogging; the board or canvas on which cloth or pasteboard is placed for making a picture.  (EEE The original has the headword in transcription as "rgyao-sio" for rgyang shing  which is the usually the accepted spelling.  However, in accordance with the definition given, the author clearly intended the Tibetan spelling given in the original.)
rgyan 	I: colloq. SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST ornament, decoration; rgyan gyis brgyan pa  decked with ornaments; dbu rgyan  the ornament of the head; a diadem; sems kyi rgyan  a blessing; an ornament of the heart; yon tan dang 'dra lus kyi rgyan gzhan med||sems das dang 'dra lus kyi sdug bsngal med| no ornament of the body equals mental talents; the miseries of the body are not equal to anxiety of the mind (She. 13).  Syn. chas ; legs byed ; mdzes byas ; rgyan byas ; bkod pa ; spras  (Moon.).  II: skugs   1. a stake or pledge at play.  2. lot; rgyan rgyab pa  to cast lotsówithout religious ceremonies.  (EEE rgyan gyis brgyan pa  is given as rgyan gyi sa brgyan pa  but the transliteration and the translation make it clear that gyis  is required.)
rgyan mkhan po *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 187) one versed in rhetoric.
rgyan 'gyed pa 	SANST to lay a wager.
rgyan mchog 	SANST earring.
rgyan du 'char 	it proves a blessing for the heart; a moral advantage.
rgyan drug 	SANST the six kinds of ornaments used by the Aryan people of India.
rgyan 'dogs pa 	to adorn one's self.
rgyan ne'u le can 	SANST ornament made in the shape of a weasel's head.
rgyan pa 	= bzhag pa  SANST adorned, bejewelled.
rgyan po 	SANST throwing dice; also rgyan bzhag mkhan  one who joins in a wager; gambler.
rgyan pa byed pa 	to lay a wager.
rgyan dor ba 	or bzhag pa  SANST a dice-rogue; a gamester; one who throws dice.
rgyan phran 	SANST commonly or slightly ornamented.
rgyan byas 	v. rgyan 3.
rgyan zla gam 	SANST a semicircular necklace.
rgyab 	SANST, SANST  1. the back of the body; the back part of anything; rgyab kyi phyogs  behind; rgyab kyis phyogs par byed pa  to put to flight; rgyab khal  a burden carried on the back; rgyab gur po  haunch-back; rgyab sngas  a cushion or pad for the back.  2. a load; bal rgyab  a load or pack of wool; drel rgyab gsum  three mule-loads.
rgyab tu 	, rgyab na , and rgyab la  are in common use both as adverbs and as postp., in the latter form governing the genit. case, signifying afterwards or after, behind, at the back, etc.: rgyab la rgyug  run behind; kho'i rgyab tu nyal song  they lay down behind him; dgon pa'i thog rtsig pa'i rgyab nas  after building the roof of the monastery.
rgyab tu zhon 	mounts on the back.
rgyab rten 	SANST a back-support; something to lean against; a safe retreat; prop, support.
rgyab rten pa 	to lean one's back against; to lean or rest on; to rely upon, confide in.
rgyab rten byed pa 	to make a support; to back.  (EEE The original has the Tibetan headword as rgyal rten byed pa  but in accordance with the transliteration "rgyab-rten byed-pa" and the context, this has been corrected in this edition.)
rgyab ston pa 	to turn one's back; to turn round.
rgyab gnon 	confirmation.
rgyab pa 	pf. and fut. brgyab , imp. rgyob , to throw, to fling; to hit, to beat, to strike; rdo rgyab pa  to throw or pelt stones at; shing rgyab pa  to put wood (on fire, &c.); 'o rgyab pa  to kiss; phyugs nags seb tu rgyab pa  to let the cattle run into the thickets.  bzlog pa rgyab pa , also btab pa  to clap; 'o ma rgyab pa  to pour or mix milk; tshwa rgyab pa  to salt (a curry or meat).
rgyab phyogs pa 	to turn one's back to a person or thing; to leave it behind; to be indifferent.
rgyab byed pa 	to protect; to back.
rgyab 'bol 	, rgyab rten  cushion for the back.
rgyab dmag 	= rjes dmag  re-inforcement; reserve.
rgyab rtsis 	intend to make; hint.
rgyab rdzi 	one standing behind working people in order to watch and superintend them.
rgyab gzhung 	the spine, the backbone.
rgyab yas 	, grangs  SANST (or SANST) a number.
rgyab ring 	SANST the long-back; met. a fish or a snake.
rgyab log byed pa 	to turn one's back; to rebel; revolt.
rgyab logs 	the back; back part; the reverse of a thing.
rgyam tshwa 	= rgya tshwa  SANST, SANST a kind of rock-salt (brought from Sind) used in medicine.
rgyal 	1. (skar ma ) SANST, SANST, SANST the eighth constellation in the Hindu and Buddhist astronomy.  Syn. bla ma'i lha ldan ma ; sbyor ldan ma ; tshim byed ma ; grub pa ma ; rgyal snad  (Moon.).  II: 1. SANST.  2. the five penalties for theft.  III: (used only in compounds) royal, victorious; also great, chief.
rgyal kun 'dud 	= 'khor los sgy ur ba'i rgyal po  a Chakravarti Raja (Moon.).
rgyal dka' 	SANST, SANST, SANST invincible; the unconquerable.
rgyal gyi mtshan mo 	SANST a December night; rgyal gyi zla ba  SANST the month of December; rgyal gyis nya ba  SANST the full-moon day of December-January.
rgyal khang 	= rgyal po'i pho brang  the king's residence; palace.  Syn. rgyal po'i khab ; bsod nams khang pa  (Moon.).
rgyal khab chen po 	the main government; imperial government (Yig. k. 18).
rgyal khams 	(EEE See under yul 3.)
rgyal khrims 	= rgyal po'i khrims  court law; the king's law: rgyal khrims gser gyi gnya' shing  the law is a golden yoke.
rgyal mkhan po 	SANST (Schr.; Ta.  2, 230) learned.
rgyal rgyud 	royal family or lineage.
rgyal rnga 	SANST drum of victory: rgyal rnga rab 'byams zhing kun khyab par bsgrags  the drum of victory diffusing far and wide proclaims your fame all over the world (Yig. k.).
rgyal chen sde bzhi 	= rgyal chen bzhi  SANST, SANST; they are: (1) yul 'khor srung  SANST, (2) 'phags skyes po  SANST, (3)  an mi bzang  SANST, (4) rnam thos sras  SANST.
rgyal mchog *	SANST, SANST n. p. (Schr.; Ta. 2, 3) victorious; subduer.
rgyal mchog rin chen *	(Schr.; 27 A.).
rgyal 'dab 	SANST n. of a tree [a lotus]S.
rgyal sde dkar chung *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 212).
rgyal po 	I: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST king, chieftain, ruler; rgyal por bsko ba  to inaugurate a king; to raise (him) to the throne: rgyal po rang gi yul na bkur||yon tan ldan pa ku tu bkur| the king is honoured in his own country, the learned is everywhere respected; 'gro thang gi rgyal po  the ruling deity of Do-thang: nga rgyal po mi 'dod  I do not wish to be king: rgyal po mi thob na  if I do not attain royalty.  Syn. sa skyong ; sa gzhi skyong ; sa bsrung ; sa bdag ; sa  od ; sa dbang ; dpung pa skyes ; lag las skyes ; rnam par skyes ; 'gro ba'i dbang ; skyed gu'i bdag po ; mi rje ; mi bdag ; mi'i dbang phyug ; mi'i dbang po ; mi'i 'dren pa ; gnam gyi rgyal po ; 'jigs sel byed ; dma' skyob ;  i bor dbang bskur ; mi yi mgon po ; sa 'dzin ; sa 'tsho ; sa'i dbang phyug  (Moon.).  II: that which is excellent; something superior in its kind; ting nge 'dzin rgyal po  Samadhi-raja, the excellent work on meditation.  (EEE sa  od  in the Syn. above is given as  os da  in the Tibetan but sa-spyod in the transliteration; the transliteration is correct and the Tibetan has been altered accordingly.)
rgyal po 'khun pa gros 'debs 	= dkar po chig thub  n. of a medicinal root (Sman. 104).
rgyal po 'khyil ba 	1. a medicine.  2. SANST, SANST a kind of precious stone said to be brought from Viratdesa; a royal fillet.  Syn. mu men  (Moon.).
rgyal po nges par 'tsho ba 	SANST supported by the king.
rgyal po can 	royal; kingly.
rgyal po 'joms 	SANST one who has killed the king; regicide.
rgyal po snug po 	= gla rtsi  musk (Sman. 333).
rgyal po mtshon byed 	SANST the cock.
rgyal po bzhin 	= rgyal po nang ltar  SANST in the manner of a king; right royally.
rgyal po bzhugs pa 	SANST the race of kings.
rgyal po zas gtsang 	King Suddhodana; bcom ldan 'das kyi yab  the father of Sakyamuni.
rgyal po gYu sdong gser 'go 	SANST n. of medicinal plant (Sman. 77) [the plant Justicia Janderussa]S.
rgyal po ra ma Na 	King Rama-chandra of the Ramayana.  Syn. ra M‡'i bu ; dka' thub can ; tshul bzang ; dga' byed ; 'phongs skyen; shing rta bcu pa'i sras ; mgrin bcu'i dgra bo ; si ta'i bdag po ; 'dzam gling rgyal po ; dga' byed bzang po ; pho brang me tog can  (Moon.).
rgyal po rab snang 	described as bcom ldan 'das 'khrungs pa'i dus su byung ba'i rgyal po chen po zhig gi mtshan  n. of a king who was born on the day Buddha was born.
rgyal po sha ra ba 	SANST = bcom ldan 'das 'khrungs dus byung ba'i rgyal chen zhig gi mtshan .
rgyal po gsang ba  an gcig 	= shang dril dmar po  n. of a medicine (Sman. 224).
rgyal po'i sku bsrungs pa 	a king's body-guard.  Syn. bsrung ma'i tshogs pa ; sku bsrungs pa ; ba tra'i sde ; bsrung ba  (Moon.).
rgyal po'i skyed tshal 	= rgyal po'i tshal  or dga' ba'i tshal  royal gardens; park (Moon.).
rgyal po'i skyes bu 	= rgyal po'i mi  SANST personage of the king's family; an official.
rgyal po'i khab 	SANST the king's residence; palace; capital Rajagir in Magadha.  Syn. khyad par bkod pa ; 'phel ba can ; bkra shis can ; bsod nams khang pa ; kun nas bzang ; ba gam can ; sa bdag khyim ; gYung drung 'khyil ba ; rgyal khang ; rgyal po'i pho brang ; rgyal po'i bsti gnas  (Moon.).
rgyal po'i khams 	= rgyal srid  SANST kingdom.
rgyal po'i rtags 	the signs of royalty, such as the umbrella, the chowry, etc.; royal paraphernalia.
rgyal po'i gdung 	= rgyal sras  the son of a king; a prince; a scion of the royal family; a royal descendant.
rgyal po'i dpyad 	SANST, SANST present; tribute (to a king).
rgyal po'i myu gu 	the son of a king; a prince.
rgyal po'i slas +	= btsun mo'i sdod sa  the queen's apartments in a palace, also her attendants.  Syn. btsun mo'i 'khor ; pho brang 'khor  (Moon.).
rgyal pos bkrabs pa 	= rgyal pos 'dams pa  chosen, selected gain and loss; win by the king.
rgyal pham 	victory and defeat; wining and losing.
rgyal phran 	a petty king; a feudatory prince.  Syn. rgyal rigs cha shas ; yul 'khor dbang ; yul gyi bdag po ; grong khyer rje ; sde dpon ; sa yi thig le 'dzin ; khams kyi rgyal po  (Moon.).
rgyal ba 	I: SANST v. neut.  1. to be victorious; to win; to conquer; to subdue; to overpower; nag po'i phyogs las rgyal ba  to be victorious over the powers of sin, i.e., the side of darkness; gYul las rgyal ba  to be victorious in battle; tshod lta ba las rgyal ba  to pass an examination successfully; rtsod pa las rgyal ba  to win a contest.  2. the number twenty-four.  II: SANST  1. the act of conquering; victory.  2. the conquering party or person; he that prevails; the conqueror (opp. to pham pa  the vanquished).  (EEE pham ma  given as pham pa  but transliterated as pham-pa which seems correct.)  III: SANST, SANST  1. the conqueror, most high, i.e., the Buddha.  2. the earliest known Buddha, Adi-Buddha; the conqueror of passions.  IV: adj. victorious; superior; eminent; excellent: rnam par rgyal ba'i khang bzang  the mansion completely excellent.
rgyal ba can *	n. p. (Schr.; Bull. 1848, 288).
rgyal ba mchog gi skyed mdzad *	(Schr.; Kalac. T. 21).
rgyal ba gnyis pa 	the second Buddha of this age; an epithet which once belonged to Nagarjuna, now given to Tsongkhapa, i.e., rje rin po che , rgyal ba gnyis pa'i bstan pa'i rgyal mtshan srid rtser bsgrengs , he uplifted in the kingdom the banner of the creed of the second Buddha (Tsongkhapa) (Yig. k. 22).
rgyal ba tshul khrims *	one of the four great Teachers of the Bon religion (G. Bon. 35).
rgyal ba tshe dpag med 	SANST (Schr.; 29 A.) n. of a Dhyani-Buddha.
rgyal ba shAkya thub pa *	ta 1 thAa mu ni  (Schr.; 33 A).
rgyal ba rin po che 	the "most precious Jina" is the ordinary title in Tibet of the Grand Lama of Lhasaóthe Dalai Lama.
rgyal ba'i cod pan 	SANST n. of a famous king of Kashmir who reigned about the seventh century A.D.
rgyal ba'i bstan pa 	= sangs rgyas kyi bstan pa  the religion of Buddha; Buddhism (Yig. k. 10).
rgyal ba'i thugs sras 	SANST the spiritual son of Buddha.
rgyal ba'i  an 	= lug mig me tog  a flower resembling in appearance the eye of a Buddha and used in medicine (Sman. 421).
rgyal ba'i dbang po 	SANST the chief Buddha; also an occasional appellation of the Grand Lama of Lhasa: rgyal ba'i dbang po thams cad mkhyen cing gzigs pa chen po  the Gyal-wai Wang-po is the great seer and one who knows all things (Yig. k. 1).
rgyal ba'i dbang po'i blo gros *	SANST (Schr.; Bull. 1848, 94) one whose mind is devoted to the Lord Buddha.
rgyal ba'i myu gu 	v. rgyal sras 3 SANST [a nascent Buddha.]S.
rgyal ba'i rgyal tshab 	= rgyal ba rin po che'i sku tshab  the Regent of Tibet who administers the country during the minority of the Dalai Lama; now called Rgyal-tshab Rin-po che or Bod-Rgyal-po (Pˆ-gye-po.).
rgyal ba'i tshab 	the vice-regent of Buddha; a name of Maitreya Bodhisattva.
rgyal ba'i gzhi 	SANST byang chub sems dpa'  or Bodhisattva.
rgyal ba'i 'od 	SANST, SANST the glory of Buddha; name of a Bodhisattva.
rgyal ba'i sras 	= rgyal sras  SANST; Bodhisattva, a Buddhist monk; an ordained Bhikru.
rgyal ba'i lha *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 146).
rgyal bar dka' *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 22) one of the ten stages of perfection or SANST.
rgyal bu 	SANST, SANST the son of a king; a prince; rgyal bu rgyal byed  n. of prince in Kosala in Buddha's time.  Syn. bsod nams stobs ; zil gnon bu ; rgyal rigs thig le ; rgyal po'i gdung ; rgyal sras ; nor 'dzin bdag po'i sras ; rgyal po'i myu gu  (Moon.).
rgyal byed ma 	SANST, SANST n. of a goddess.
rgyal byed tshal 	SANST n. of the grove which was purchased by Anathpindada a merchant of Sravasti and where the Buddha resided for a long time.
rgyal dbang lnga pa chen po *	= kun gzigs blo bzang rgya mtsho'i zhabs  (Schr.; 16 A).
rgyal dbang paV 	= sangs rgyas gnyis pa  or slob dpon rin po che  an epithet of the saint Padma Sambhava given him by the RÒio-ma sects (Yig. k. 27).
rgyal blon 	the king and his minister, also the state minister.
rgyal mo 	SANST the queen; wife of the king.
rgyal mo ka ra 	(snan ) a SANST, a coarse sugar used in medicine.
rgyal mo rong 	= rgyal rong  n. of a country on the confines of S. E. Tibet (Situ. 56).
rgyal mo'i ga gon 	SANST n. of a place.
rgyal tshab 	SANST  1. the Desi (Bde-srid) or regent of Tibet.  2. the would-be successor of a king; crown prince.
rgyal mtshan 	I: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. the armorial flag or banner of victory of Buddhism; is the orthodox standard of the Buddhist.  2. used as a personal name of Bodhisattvas and individuals such as:- byang chub sems pa mi brjed pa'i rgyal mtshan , rtogs pa'i rgyal mtshan , yongs su rtog pa dang bral ba'i rgyal mtshan .  3. pho dbang .  The Gyal-tshan or Buddhist banner is seen as a kind of decoration of cloth in various colours and of cylindrical shape erected upon a flagstaff or carried on a pole.  It is also made in brass and wood.  In Tibetan Buddhism the following are the rgyal mtshan , to combat with the powers of evil:- (1) tshul khrims kyi rgyal mtshan , (2) ting nge 'dzin gyi rgyal mtshan , (3) shes rab kyi rgyal mtshan , (4) ye shes kyi rgyal mtshan , (5) rnam par grol ba'i rgyal mtshan , (6) snying rje chen po'i rgyal mtshan , (7) stong pa nyid dang mtshan ma med pa'i snon pa med pa'i rgyal mtshan , (8) thabs kyi rgyal mtshan , (9) sems can med pa dang srog med pa dang gang zag med pa'i rgyal mtshan , (10) rten cing 'brel par 'byung ba khong du chud pas mthar lta ba dang bral ba'i rgyal mtshan , (11) rang gi sems yongs su dag pas sangs rgyas kyi byin gyis brlabs .
rgyal mtshan grags 	SANST fame; ornament.
rgyal mtshan ma *	SANST (Schr.; 99 B) ensign of good fortune.
rgyal mtshan seng ge *	SANST (Schr.; Org. m. 111, 25).
rgyal zla 	SANST the month of December.
rgyal rabs 	genealogy of kings.
rgyal rabs bon gyi 'byung gnas 	n. of a work on the origin of the Bon religion.
rgyal rigs 	SANST, SANST, SANST the military caste of India; royal race; the race of a king.
rgyal rigs skyes 	SANST born of the military caste, also of the royal family; resident of Magadha.
rgyal rigs cha shas 	= rgyal phran  a petty king; a vassal or feudatory prince (Moon.).
rgyal rigs thig le 	= rgyal bu  the son of a king; a prince.
rgyal rigs mo 	SANST a lady of the military caste of India.
rgyal rong 	v. rgyal mo rong 3.
rgyal sa 	capital seat of Government, royal place; the place or position of a king.
rgyal sras 	= rgyal po'i sras  the son of a king or prince.
rgyal bshes *	SANST n. pr. (Schr.; Was. 55).
rgyal srid 	SANST a kingdom; empire; state.
rgyal srid rgyas pa 	SANST empire.
rgyal srid rin chen sna bdun 	the seven different precious articles of royalty, viz.:- 'khor lo  SANST the wheel; nor bu  SANST gem; btsun mo  SANST queen; blon po  SANST minister; glang po  SANST elephant; rta mchog  SANST spirited horse; khyim bdag  SANST house-holder; dmag dpon rin po che  SANST commander in chief.
rgyal srid srung ba 	SANST to defend a state against enemies.
rgyas 'grel 	= rgyas par bshad pa'i 'grel pa  comprehensive commentary: sum cu pa dang rtags kyi 'jug pa'i gzhung gi rgyas 'grel  an elaborate commentary on the texts of Sum-cu-pa and Rtags hjug-pa (Situ. 137).  Syn. 'phel ba ; rdzogs pa ; gang ba ; kha bye ba ; khyab pa ; che ba ; tshim pa  (Moon.).
rgyas pa 	I: SANST n. of a great sage of Ancient India, the reputed author of the Mahabharata; drang srong rgyas pa  SANST the sage Vyasa.  II: (prop. pf. to rgya ba )  1. vb. to increase in bulk or quantity; to augment; to spread: ba yi nu ltar rgyas  swells like a cow's dug; bstan pa rgyas shing  the doctrine (of Buddha) spreading; to grow, develop.  2. adj. extensive, large, ample, wide, manifold, numerous, copious, complete, full; zla ba rgyas pa  full moon; the adverbial form is frequent: rgyas par 'dod na  if you wish to know it fully.
rgyas par byed pa 	1. to make bigger; to augment; to increase.  2. to describe, narrate, state at large.
rgyas par bshad pa 	SANST elucidation; full explanation; don rgyas par byed pa  to be very useful; to exert a beneficial influence.
rgyas byed 	SANST the land of plenty; a name of India.
rgyas byed 'byung po'i lag pa 	= dbang lag  n. of medicinal plant growing below the limit of snow in the Himalayas and resembling the human hand in appearance (Sman. 416).
rgyas byed ma 	SANST n. of a goddessóCornucopia, the goddess of plenty.
rgyas shing *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 110) thriving.
rgyu 	I: SANST a kind of blanket.  II: 1. matter; substance; material; rgyu ba  superior quality: rgyu gtsang  any stuff, wool or cotton, &c., when cleansed and washed for making cloth; also pure origin.  rgyu sgog  n. of a medical drug; wild garlic.  chang rgyu ingredients for making beer: rgyu dge ba bsags pas thob pa yin  the substance has been obtained by means of accumulated merits: nga la dgos rgyu chung  I have few wants.  bzo rgyu  material to make or manufacture anything with; za rgyu med  nothing to eat: da ltar rgyu zhig snang ngo  an opportunity will presently offer itself (J‰.).  2. In W. arrangement; preparation.  In a special sense material; stuff for weaving; warp; chain (J‰.).  III: SANST  1. cause, namely, the primary cause as distinguished from rkyen  the secondary or co-operating cause; the direct cause for any event; also reason, motive, main condition: mya ngan las 'das pa'i rgyur 'gyur  it becomes the cause of passing out of misery, i.e., Nirvana; ngan song rgyu ru 'gro , rgyus  with genit, by reason of; on account of; in virtue of; in consequence of; ci'i rgyus , why: rgyu med du  = rgyu med par  without any actual cause; spontaneously; without sufficient reason; without good cause; rgyu dang rkyen  primary and secondary cause, which sometimes coincides with 'cause and effect'; rgyu dang rkyen de'i phyir , de'i rgyu , de'i rkyen gyis , de'i rgyu rkyen  therefore; on that account.  nye ba'i rgyu  in medicine the three anthropological causes or conditions of diseases; the three 'humours,' wind, bile, and phlegm; ring ba'i rgyu  the ultimate cause of diseases and of every evil, viz., ignorance; ma rig pa , skyed byed rgyu  the creative cause; 'phel ba'i rgyu na lte ba  the efficient cause of growth is the navel-string; rgyu byed pa  to be the principal cause of; to lie at the bottom of a matter; rgyu skyed pa  to lay the foundation of.  There are six kinds of rgyu , i.e., rgyu drug :- byed pa'i rgyu , lhan cig 'byung ba'i rgyu , rnam snin gyi rgyu , mtshungs par ldan pa'i rgyu , kun tu 'gro ba'i rgyu , skal mnyam gyi rgyu .  2. attached to a verbal root rgyu often indicates the supine and, colloquially, the infinitive; 'gro rgyu 'dod  wishes to go.  Also forms a future tense when connecting the root with the auxil. verb. za rgyu yin  will eat: nga'i drung du 'ong rgyu yin pa  those that will come to me; de la rgyal srid gtad rgyu la  when the government was to be entrusted to him; rta zhon rgyu med  horses were not to be had (J‰.); dkon rgyu med  that is not a very precious thing; there is nothing particular in that; gzhan pas legs rgyu med  he is not more beautiful than others; ya mtshan rgyu med  that is not to be wondered at.
rgyu rkyen 	SANST reason; cause; acc. to J‰. connection: rgyu rkyen bshad du gsol  please explain to me the connection, rgyu cha  colloq. that which belongs to a thing; appurtenance; necessary implement, &c.; also property, rgyu 'bras  cause and effect or consequence; gen. in a moral sense; actions and their fruits (las kyi rgyu 'bras ); las rgyu 'bras kyi chos  the doctrine treating on this subject; the doctrine of retribution; the principal dogma of Buddhism; las rgyu 'bras la yid ches pa  to believe on the doctrine of retribution.
rgyu skar 	SANST, SANST "the moving stars."  The constellations through which the moon passes in her revolution round the heavens are called rgyu skar lha mo nyi shu rtsa brgyad , the twenty-eight goddesses, moving-stars, believed to be the daughters of the four guardian-kings of the world.  The constellations are thus named:- (1) tha skar  Asrini (dbyug gu ); (2) bra nye  Bharani; (3) snin drug  Kpttika the Pleiades; (4) Rohini (be rdzi  be-rdse); (5) mgo  Mpgasiras (snal po ); (6) Ardra, lag; (7) nabs so  Punarvasu; (8) rgyal  Purya (rgyal stod  = nam so ); (9) skag Asera (ba ); (10) mchu  Magha (rta pa ) or rta chen  with Regulus bright star; (11) gre  Purvaphalguni or rta'u  or rta chung ; (12) dbo  Uttaraphalguni or khra ; (13) me bzhi  Hasra or bya ma ; (14) nag pa  Citra (or bya'u  with Spica); (15) sa ri  Svati; (16) sa ga  Visakha; (17) lha mtshams  Anuradha or lag sor ; (18) snron  Jyertha, or lde'u  (with Antares); (19) snrubs  Mula, or srog pa ; (20) chu stod  Purva asadha; (21) chu snad  uttara asadha or phul ; (22) gro bzhin  Abhijit; (23) byi bzhin  Sravaoa gnyis ; (24) mon gre  Dhanasta or mon dre ; (25) mon gru  Satavisa or sgrog ; (26) khrums stod  Purva-bhadrapada or (27) khrums snad  uttarabhadrapada; (28) nam gru  Revati or she sa  Sesa.
rgyu skar dus *	Sch.; Kalac. T. 48).
rgyu skar mu khyud 	SANST the moon which is surrounded by the constellations.
rgyu skar mang po ri 	n. of a mountain; the fabulous north polar mountain (K. d. ra 342).
rgyu skar lam 	the milky-way; SANST the starry path.
rgyu gang 	for what reason.
rgyu nges 	the certain or real cause.
rgyu mnga' 	= rgyu mtshan  cause; reason.
rgyu can 	= rgyu ldan  one who knows about a thing; well-informed.
rgyu mthun 	cause sufficient to produce observed effect.
rgyu ldan 	1. SANST [a cave]S. a hill, also a fountain; a rich man.  2. = rgyu can .
rgyu nad 	disease of the bowels.  Symptoms are:- rgyu khrol  causing much sound in the stomach; rgyu 'khril  causing much griping in the stomach; rgyu 'gyings  where the stomach or the intestines remain swollen and stiff with wind, etc.; rgyu 'gags  obstruction of the bowels; rgyu gzer  aching or pains in the stomach.
rgyu spun 	the threads stretched lengthwise and crosswise to make cloth.
rgyu ba 	SANST, SANST to go, walk, move, wander, range; chu la rgyu ba'i 'dab chags  birds frequenting the water; kun tu rgyu ba  to wander from place to place.  This verb is generally used instead of 'gro ba  in Sikkim.
rgyu ba med pa 	SANST that does not move; motionless, still.
rgyu ba'i brtul zhugs 	SANST the vow of walking.  (EEE The headword transliteration of the original is mistakenly given as "rgyu-wahi btul-shugs".)
rgyu byed 	SANST, SANST feet; that which moves.
rgyu sbyin 	SANST met, the cloud.  (EEE The transliteration of the headword in the original is given simply as "rgyin", which must be a mistake.)
rgyu sbyor ba 	sbyin bdag  an alms-giver; the maker of a gift.
rgyu ma 	SANST entrails; intestines; bowels, more especially the small intestines; rgyu 'khrog pa  the croaking of the bowels; rgyu sgrog  the envelope of the lower intestine; rgyu stod  the upper bowels.  Colloq. rgyu-ma is also a term for "sausages." (G. Sndg.).
rgyu med pa 	without cause; evidence devoid of (lakrmana) or characteristic.  Syn. rgyu yis stong ; mtshan nyid bral  (Moon.).
rgyu mtshan 	SANST  1. cause; concatenation of events; circumstances; rgyu mtshan 'dri ba  to ask after the cause: nga'i nang nas phye khyer ba'i rgyu mtshan shod  tell me the circumstances of your fetching the flour from my house.  2. SANST token, sign, characteristic, proof, evidence; 'dug pa'i rgyu mtshan  as an evidence of being (J‰.).
rgyu mtshan rig 	SANST relating to proof or cause or reason.
rgyu gzer 	SANST colic; [dysentery]S.  zhes bya ba'i nad ni rims tshad  i dang 'dra ba la|gnyan nad la babs na rgyu gzer zhes pa'o||ngo bo mchin tshad thung ngu babs pa la gnyan nad chu ser mkhris tshad bslang ba yis rgyu ma gzer zhing 'khru bas rgyu gzer yin|de la don 'khru snod 'khru stobs chen dang |rgyu gzer|rgyu 'khor|rgyu 'khrol|rgyu lkugs| We read of, also, rgyu gzer gcog pa'i tho ba gsum  the three hammers to break the nails of colic.
rgyu'i rgyun 	SANST the stream of cause.
rgyu'i byed 	SANST that has become a cause; excuse.
rgyu'i gtso bo 	SANST the chief or primary cause.
rgyu'i rig 	SANST the science of reasoning.
rgyu yang dag par bcad pa 	that has fully stopped or terminated the cause; the consequence.
rgyu yis khyad par 	SANST the chief cause; the agent.
rgyu rig chen po 	(grangs ) a number.
rgyu la 'bras bu btags 	SANST to attach a fruit to cause.
rgyu las byung 	SANST produced or originated from cause.
rgyu lus kyi 'byung ba 	= gzugs khams  the body; form.
rgyu sa 	= (lam ) road, passage.
rgyu srang 	track, passage, road: btsan gyi rgyu srang  the road that is frequented by a Btsan (demon).
rgyud 	I: SANST a string; chain; that which joins things together; a connection, whether physical or mental; ri rgyud  chain of hills.  II: SANST Tantrik treatise; ritual book for coercing deities and for other magical ceremonies.  One of the large divisions of the Kahgyur is styled rgyud  because it contains innumerable magical treatises.  There are said to be four classes of Tantras, rgyud sde bzhi , namely, (1) bya ba'i rgyud , (2)  od pa'i rgyud , (3) rnal 'byor rgyud , (4) rnal 'byor bla na med pa'i rgyud .  In the Tangyur the collection of Tantras is named brgyud .
rgyud pa 	I: vb. to tie, fasten, connect together.  II: religious teacher; especially a teacher of mysticism.  III: extraction; lineage; belonging to a family or race; family.  Syn. brgyud pa ; rtsa 'khrid ; rigs 'byung ; rigs rgyud ; sa bon las byung ; gdung rgyud ; rus rgyud ; cho 'brang ; sha nye ; snag las skyes ; rigs  (Moon.).
rgyud pa gsum 	the three kinds of lineage are:- (1) gdung rgyud  family; descent; personal; (2) sku rgyud  descent (of the spirit in emanations, etc., as in the case of incarnate lamas); (3) slob rgyud  spiritual descent (ministerial succession by disciples).
rgyun 	continuity; always; at all times; continually.
rgyun khri 	settled seat or throne; dus rgyun sa gnas gcig tu 'jog pa'i khri  the chair which always remains in one place.
rgyun khyongs 	always to protect.
rgyun gyi myu gu 	= char zil  rain-drops or dews (Moon.).
rgyun bab tsha 	= char drag  heavy rain (Moon.).
rgyun gtan 	= dus rgyun  at all times; the stream of time: rgyu gtan gzhung don yin nges rnams  real business; transactions of a public character must always be reliable.  (D. Shel. 7).
rgyus pa 	sinews; tendons.
rgyo 	SANST, SANST (a collq. and obscene term) sexual union; copulation.
rgyo ba 	pf. brgyos , fut. brgyo , imp. rgyos , to have sexual intercourse; acc. to Cs. to deflower, ravish.
rgyogs 	SANST; me rgyogs rdo rgyogs  gun; missile.
rgyong ba 	pf. brgyangs , fut. brgyang , seems to be a secondary form of rkyong ba , to extend, stretch, spread forth, distend.
rgyor ba 	SANST to kill.
lga 	this word in seldom used, its modern form being sga .  1. ginger fresh or dried; lga rlon  fresh ginger.  In medical works both lga  and sga  are used to imply sga snug , the brown ginger.  2. rus kyi ming  n. of a tribe; dbra' 'gru ldong gsum lga dang bzhi  the four tribes were Dbrah, Hgru, Ldoo and Lga.
lga pho che 	= rgyam tshwa  a mystical word; oxide of mercury; also signifies snan sga  medicinal ginger.
lgang nge 	marble white.  skya lgang nge  is stated to mean perfectly white (J‰.).
lgang pa 	or lgang phug  acc. to J‰. the urinary bladder (Med.).  Syn. chu so ; lgang bu  (Moon.).
lgang pa 	relating to the bladder (Lex.).
lgang bu 	urinary bladder; same as lgang pa ; acc. to. to J‰. husk, pod, shell.
lgang bug 	= dri chu'i snod  the bladder (Sman.).
lga'u gsher 	= sga rlon  fresh ginger.
lgar ma mes po 	patriarch of the tribe of Lgar-ma; a tribal name: lga yi lgar ma mes po thob  the tribe of Lga obtained the name of Lgar-ma mespo.
lgo 	a common kind of fungus like the lycoperdon or puff-ball.
lgam tshwa 	snan sga   1. ginger, v. lga pho che 3.  2. acc. to J‰. a kind of rock salt.  (EEE the headword in the dictionary is given as lgyam tshva both in transliteration and in the Tibetan, but this is an impossible spelling.  The word as presented in the dictionary is probably a mistaken spelling that was seen in a texty of 3rgyam tshwa 3 q.v.  This whole entry is suspect.)
sga 	= lga  SANST, SANST, SANST  1. ginger.  2. saddle, resp. chib sga  a saddle for a horse; chib sga bstad pa  to lay the saddle on; to saddle; gYag gi sga  a saddle for a yak.
sga skya 	ginger: sga skyas bad rlung sel zhing khrag 'khyag 'ju  ginger removes phlegm and wind and liquifies the blood.
sga khebs 	saddle cloth; the leather cover or coating of a saddle.
sga glo 	saddle girth.
sga sgron pa 	described in Hbrom. as meaning: to saddle a horse.
sga tig nag po 	the flower of a bitter species of ginger: sga tig nag pos dmu rdzing chu ser 'dren  the flower of Sgatic used as a medicine draws out the yellow water of dropsy.
sga thag 	ropes or straps used in adjusting a saddle.
sga pa 	1. a young horse just fit for the saddle.  2. gYag thod pa dkar po la sga pa  (also ga pa ) zer  a yak with a white forehead is called sga-pa (Rtsii.).
sga phong 	bat; flitter-mouse (Sch.).
sga snug 	also written snug sga , brown ginger.
sga tsha 	the flower of ginger plant: sga tshas drod skyed rul gcod chu ser 'dren  ginger flower (used) as a stimulant, cures sores and draws out pus.
sga tshwa 	SANST pungent ginger.  (EEE The transliteration of the headword given in the original is "sga-tsha".  Given that the usual spelling for ginger is sga tsha , it seems that the Tibetan headword in the original might be mistaken; here, however, it has not been changed.)
sga lag 	frame of the saddle; saddle-bow; saddle-tree (Cs.).
sga ser 	SANST turmeric; yellow ginger; a spice used in cooking meat for the table.
sga sha 	straps for fastening the travelling-baggage to the saddle, cf. sha stag 3.
sgag thung 	n. of a small silk scarf used in religious services in Tibet.  dbang ldan ma dang |sgag thung |srid bde ma  (S. kar. 179).
sgag pa 	SANST to ravish; to copulate; to embrace in sexual union.
sgang 	1. a hill-spur; the ridge or top of a hill: cog tse'i sgang la bzhag  keep on the top of the table.  2. time; occasion: sang las ka byed pa'i sgang  tomorrow at the time of doing work; da lta lto za ba'i sgang  just now while taking food.  3. chu sgang  a blister caused by manual work, by long marches, &c., cf. bsgang 3.  Syn. steng ; mtho ba  (Moon.).
sgang kha 	= sgang khul   1. a hill-spur: sgang kha la yod  the (village) is situated on a mountain spur.  2. full, entire: srog chags gcig bsad kyang sdig pa sgang kha re so sor yong  even if (you) kill one living being there will be the full (amount of) sin in each separate case.
sgang khul 	acc. to J‰. same as sgang kha .
sgang gi ling 	a species of partridge.
sgang mthon po 	a high hill.
sgang ba 	pf. bsgangs , fut. bsgang , to grow or become full (Cs.): bud med na so sgang  a full grown woman; marriageable girl.
sgang bu 	full quantity; entire piece: nga rgyal sgang bu ral bar ma gyur tam  has not his pride been entirely broken-down within (A. 11).
sgang gshong 	SANST elevations and depressions on a hillside.
sgangs 	SANST  1. bank or elevated place on the margin of a river.  2. n. of districts in S. E. Tibet.
sgab 'dre 	a class of demon; a ghost that remains concealed: sngags 'chang lugs dang mthun pas sgab 'dre bskrad  if the Tantrik priest properly performs exorcism, the ghosts are scared away.
sgab pa 	1. secondary form of 'gebs pa , to cover; covering: bya mas bu la sgab pa  the covering of a young bird by its mother.  2. gos sgab  skirt or lap of a coat; sgab thung  a short skirt.
sgam 	SANST, SANST, SANST box, trunk, chest; also the testes: sgam sgo mang  a chest of drawers; lcags sgam  an iron-chest; ko sgam  a leather trunk; ro sgam  or spur sgam  a coffin.  Syn. sgrom ; snod ; mdzod ; sgrom bu ; bang pa ; thab sgrom .
sgam chung 	a small box.
sgam pa 	= zab pa  SANST deep; profound; mi sgam pa  = mi zab pa  shallow; not deep.
sgam po 	adj. full or fully accomplished; one who is deep: rgyal po srong btsan sgam po , King Sroo-btsan who was Sgam-po, i.e., fully accomplished.  Acc. to Sch. prudent, quiet: blo sgam pa  = thugs shing tu sgam po  he (the prince) was very profound.
sgar 	defined as gur mang po phub nas bsdad pa  pitching many tents (at a place); camp; encampment; dmag sgar  a military encampment; sgar 'debs pa  to encamp; to pitch a camp.
sga snang 	respectable men.
sgar ming 	(bso sgra ) watch-word; parole (J‰.).
sgal 	a load that is carried on the back; load of beast of burden; rta sgal  a horse-load; shing rta'i sgal  cart-load; waggon-load.
sgal rta 	pack-horse.
sgal phyugs 	beast of burden.
sgal 'phang ba 	to throw a load off; sgal 'bogs pa  to take out a load; sgal bsrang ba  to adjust or balance a load.
sgal pa 	1. the back of man or beast of burden; rgyab la 'khur nas 'gro ba  = sgal pa la 'khur te 'gro  the carrying a thing on one's back.  2. the small of the back; sgal 'dabs  the lumbar region.  3. croup; crupper.
sgal ba 	to carry a load (on one's back) or to cause a load to be carried on the back of a beast of burden; sgal 'gel ba  to put on a load.
sgal rma 	a sore on an animal's back caused by the load.
sgal tshigs 	the spine in general; the backbone of a beast of burden.
sgal tshigs nyi shu rtsa brgyad 	the twenty-eight joints in the backbone; mi yi sgal tshigs  the joints in the human spinal column.
sgal tshigs nyi shu rtsa bzhi 	there are twenty-four joints in the backbone of a beast of burden.
sgal tshigs srang ba 	a beast of burden of which the backbone is straight, i.e., not bent by work.
sgir mo 	sgor sgor  SANST round; orb-like; globular.
sgu 	adj. bent; sgu stegs  1. a foot-stool.  2. acc. to Sch. elbow; angle.
sgu rdo 	sling-string, explained as 'ur rdo 'phan byed kyi thag pa  the string that is coiled round a stone for flinging it; a sling.
sgu phyogs 	(sgy e phyogs ) = mdun la 'khyog pa  bent-forward: sgy e phyogs sgu phyogs shes pa shin tu gces  those that are bent forward and bent round were valuable? (Jig.).
sgu mo 	= 'ur rdo  a sling.
sgug pa 	SANST (in Pali SANST) to wait, pf. bsgugs , fut. bsgug , imp. sgugs  (or sgugs shig ); mi yong rgyu sgy ug bsdad pa , to wait for a man's arrival; sgug par byed  one who waits for; or sgug pa po  a waiter; lam na sgug pa  to wait on the road; sgug tu 'jgu pa  to cause to lie in wait (for a person); to cause to way-lay.
sgung 	in Ld. clap; crack; crash; report (of a gun) (J‰.).
sgud po 	acc. to Sch. father-in-law; sgud mo  mother-in-law.
sgum mda' 	acc. to Schr. the butt-end of a gun; gun-stock.
sgur 	v. dgur 3.
sgur rgyab 	a bent-back.  (EEE The transliteration of the headword in the original is "gur-rgyab" but this seems to be in error; the headword as given would be correct.)
sgur po 	SANST, SANST bent; crooked back.  Syn. sgur 'khyog ; sgu  (Moon.).
sgur ba 	SANST, SANST to become afraid.
sgul skyod 	SANST agitation.
sgul ba 	pf. bsgul , fut. bsgul  (cf. 'gul ba 3) to move, agitate, put in motion: rgyud kyang ma sgul to  he could not even move the bow-string: lag pas rdo bsgul to  with his hand he shook the rock.
sge khung 	sgo chung  a small door; window.
sgeg 	SANST grace, charm in the person.
sgeg pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. the grace or charm of youth: sgeg pa ni chags pas gzugs mdzes pa'i rnam 'gyur ston pa  is the fascination arising at the appearance of a body of beautiful shape.  2. sensual enjoyment; flirtation.  3. acc. to Cs. to brag. boast; airs of coquettish girls (J‰.).  Syn. rol pa ; 'jo ba  (Moon.).
sgeg pa'i rdo rje 	SANST, SANST n. of a Buddhist sage of Ancient India who visited Udyana (Ancient Kabul) and spread Buddhism there.
sgeg ma 	n. of the goddess of beauty.
sgeg mo 	SANST a dancing girl; a charming damsel.
sgeg rdzas 	perfumery, pomades, &c. articles which (according to Buddhism) are incentives to sensual pleasures.
sgeng la 	or dgeng la  acc. to J‰. on; upon; perhaps a wrong spelling of the word sgang .
sge'u 	1. diminutive of sga , ginger.  2. v. sgog pa  I:3 (K. g. ca 46).
sge'u chung 	SANST garlic.
sge'u gsher 	SANST ginger.
sger 	private; semi-independent; sger du  specially; privately.
sger rta 	a horse for the use of a private party, not for a public officer.
sger don 	one's own interest, private or special reason or object: sger gzhung med du ba gnam btang  neither private nor public (but an independent family) sending forth smoke from house-fire.
sger pa 	a private land-holder; gzhung khral chen po med par rang la mi ser yang yod pa las khral bsdus nas bsdad mkhan  a land-holder who without paying a large tax a Government enjoys an estate is called sger pa , also one who holds land fee-simple; sger lha  or sger gyis mchod pa'i lha  special deity, i.e., a deity specially adored by a class of people or by an individual or by a particular family; sger khag  semi-independent estate.
sger gYog 	private servant, also one who does his own work; servant or employee of an independent party or estate which has no connection with the Government.
sger lo 	, rang sger gyi zhing lo tog  the produce of a private estate.
sgo 	I: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST a door; an entrance or doorway; the aperture itself as well as the wood-work of the door; sgo bcad pa  or sgo dgag pa  to shut or close a door; sgo phye ba  or sgo 'byed pa  to open a door; sgo 'jug pa  to put in a door; to hang a door; sgo rgyab pa  to shut a door; sgo gtan pa  acc. to Sch. to lock up, to bolt, to bar; sgo bkum pa  or bskum , acc. to Cs. resp. to shut (a door); sgo bdung ba  to knock or rap at the door; rgya sgo  large, or the principal, door or entrance; sgo  the gate or gate-way; phyi sgo  the outer door; bar sgo  the middle door; nang sgo  the inner door; gsang sgo  the secret or private door; mdzod sgo  the door to the store-room; gnam sgo  an aperture in the roof for light; sky-light; steng sgo  the upper door; 'og sgo  the lower or under door; mchod khang sgo  the chapel-door; thab tshang sgo  kitchen door; gnyer tshang sgo  the store-house door; chab khang sgo  the bathroom door.  In Sikkim gom = door.  II: often Sgo-mo, the admission to, the medium or means of, the passage of, knowledge or learning and, as such, the science itself, &c.; chos kyi sgo mo  the service of Dharma (religion); rtsis kyi sgo mo  the science of arithmetic of numbers; snin kyi sgo mo  science of medicine: sgrol ma'i sgo nas gYul mdos gtong  in the religious service of Dolmaóthe mdos for victory (in war) should be offered: sangs rgyas kyi bstan pa la 'jug pa'i sgo dam pa skyabs su 'gro ba  as a door for entering the religion of Buddha, it is necessary to take refuge in the holy ones: theg chen la 'jug pa'i sgo byang chub kyi sems  for entering the Greater Vehicle doctrine the means is a saintly heart (the purified heart of a Bodhisattva); yon tan 'byung ba'i sgo brtson 'grus  the means of acqiuring learning is diligence and industry; nyes pa 'byung ba'i sgo le lo bag med pa  being idle and immodest forms a way to the springing up of vice.
sgo kun 'gro 	SANST in every way.  (EEE The transliteration of the headword given in the original, "sgo kun-gro" is mistaken; the headword is correct as shown in the original.)
sgo skyong 	SANST porter; door-guard.
sgo skyor 	v. sgo spe 3.
sgo khang 	or sgo steng  SANST the entrance into a house; vestibule; porch; portal; also a small house on the gate.
sgo khung 	opening of the door; an aperture in a door; sgo khang steng gi gsil khang  the verandah room on the porch of a house.
sgo khyi 	watch-dog.
sgo 'khor 	hinge of a door or gate; the pivot on which the door turns.
sgo glegs 	a small beam used to bar or bolt a door.
sgo 'gram 	the space near the door.
sgo rgyab 	the space behind the door or within the door.
sgo sgegs 	SANST, SANST, SANST the board or plank of a door; the lintel; frame work on the four sides of a door [a bier, the bed on which a dead body is carried]S.  (EEE note that the transliteration of the headword (sgo-glegs) fits with the spelling of an earlier entry sgo glegs 3 q.v.  It seems that sgo sgegs  is a mis-spelling of sgo glegs  and that this entry should have been included under that earlier headword when the dictionary was originally being put together.)
sgo nga 	SANST eggs, spawn; sgo nga can  egg; producing or possessing or having spawn.
sgo nga'i mdzod 	SANST the testicles.
sgo lcags 	SANST lock of a door.
sgo chor 	v. sgo spe 3.
sgo snyod 	= go snyod  sgo-sÒod cummin seed.
sgo bsnyan 	n. of a Bon deity who has eighteen hands and holds eighteen different weapons of war, which are as follows:- (1) bteg pa'i mda'  an arrow for shooting; (2) 'bugs pa'i mdung  a spear to pierce with; (3) gcog pa'i sta re  an axe to split with; (4) gcod pa'i gra sta  a chopper to cut off; (5) 'thub pa'i ral gri  a sword to cut into pieces; (6) bstim pa'i chu gri  a dagger to pierce through; (7) 'chog pa'i tho lam  a cannon ball for battering in; (8) 'bugs pa'i gsor chen  a pin to bore through; (9) 'bral pa'i sog le  the saw to separate or cut asunder; (10) dgra bo'i spu gra  a razor-knife to cut the enemy; (11) bskor ba'i 'khor lo  a disk to whirl round; (12) sgy ur ba'i ya lad  an armour to ward off; (13) nyam thag gcod pa'i ka ma li  a sword to cut off; (14) sreg ba'i gtar to ; (15) 'ching pa'i lcags sgrog  iron chain to bind with; (16) dpal zer gyi chu khol  boiling water; (17) 'od zer gyi me dpung  a heap of glowing fire; (18) drag rtsal gyi thog mda'  a thunder-bolt for chivalrous exercises.
sgo gtan 	a bar or bolt of a door; sgo them  threshold; also the headpiece of a door.
sgo dar 	the scarf that is attached to the door at time of a marriage in Sikkim.
sgo deb 	enumeration of persons; the counting of persons of a village or town, &c.
sgo gdan zung can 	SANST a circular disk with string attached to it that is put on each side of the door to open it by the hand.
sgo 'drig 	door-frame; window frame.  (EEE The original gives a transliteration of the headword as "sgo-hgrig" which would be sgo 'grig .  This is probably correct for the meaning given.  Furthermore, we do not know of the spelling 'drig  in Tibetan.  Here, though, the headword has not been changed.)
sgo ldang 	each side of the door.
sgo nag 	the dark door, i.e., the door of the dark room where a dead body is kept before disposal (D. Shel. 8).
sgo rnam 	a single board, i.e. of the floor.
sgo pa 	SANST, or sgo dpon  or sgo bdag   1. the door-keeper, porter; 2. also the headman of the village.  Syn. sgo srung ; sgo skyong ; chab sgo ba ; sgo yi mel tshe mkhan  (Moon.).
sgo pur 	fore-skin; prepuce.
sgo po 	also sgo bo  outward looks; stature; bodily appearance (J‰.); skye sgo  the face; countenance; skye sgo legs  a beautiful face; zhan sgo  an ugly face.
sgo spang 	1. lintel.  2. sgo yi them spang pa'i rnal 'byor pa yang yod  there are even yogi who have only left the lintel and threshold of their home (and no more).
sgo spe 	a projection of the roof of a house above the principal door of a house, under which one can sit or sleep, or where servants wait: do nub bi kra ma'i sgo spe'i 'og tu nyol  (A. 130) tonight sleep under the portico of Vikramasila.  Syn. sgo skyar ; sgo mchor ; sgo 'byar  (Moon.).
sgo phar 	, sgo rim mang po  the name for a series of doors.
sgo 'phar 	SANST, v. sgo glegs 3 [the junction of the leaves of a door]S.
sgo ba 	pf. bsgo  also bsgos , to say; to speak, mostly to bid; to order (used in old works, now become obsolete).
sgo 'byar 	v. sgo spe 3.
sgo 'byed 	a kind of grass used as a medicine in eye-disease (Sman. 353).
sgo ma 	1. panel or square of a door; the fold of a folding door.  2. = gtor rgyab skabs kyi sgo srung gi lha , the deity who guards the door on the occasion of offering torma; sprul pa ye shes kyi sgo ma bzhi'i ming  the names of the four miraculous divinities (of the Bon-po):- (1) stag gdong dkar mo lcags kyu baq 'dzin , (2) phag gdong ser mo zhag pa , (3) seng gdong dmar po lcags sgrog ; (4) sbrul gdong ljang khu dril bu .
sgo mo 	(1) a large door; a gate; castle-gate; town-gate; (2) the beginning: rtsis kyi sgo mo  the beginning of a new epoch.
sgo tsam 	a little (Sch.).
sgo rtsa 	= sgo'i rtsa ba  at the door; sgo rtsar , near or at the door.
sgo mtshams 	door-junction; also the chink left between a door-post and the door, when the latter does not perfectly fit.
sgo'i lcog 	SANST raised place or stools placed on either side of a door [a place where four roads meet]S.
sgo'i them pa 	the threshold.  (EEE the original has the Tibetan headword as sga'i them pa  but, in accordance with the transliteration "sgohi them-pa" and the context, that has been corrected to the above in this edition.)
sgo yi mel tshe mkhan 	v. sgo pa 3.
sgo yig 	1. inscription.  2. lampoon; label on the door; sign-board.  3. a magisterial advertisement fastened at the door.
sgo ra ba 	= sgo srung ba  a door-keeper; a door-guard.
sgo lo 	1. body.  2. face (J‰.).
sgo bshad 	= sgo la bshad pa  an inscription on the door; a signboard.
sgo gsum 	the three media, i.e., of body (lus ), speech (ngag ), and the mind (yid ).
sgo bsrungs ba 	= sgo ra ba  SANST a door-keeper.
sgog skya 	or skya sgog  white garlic used in medicine; Allium nival Jacqm.; sgom sngon  a blue species of garlic, very common in the Himalayas, perh. Allium rubellum (J‰.); sgog gcig ma  garlic grown on a single root; sgog bcud gsum  three species of garlic which have three different properties:- (1) tsong dmar  red onion; (2) sgog skya  the common white garlic; (3) sgog sngon  the blue species of garlic.
sgog ting 	mortar; sgog gtun  pestle for bruising leek (J‰.).
sgog tum 	or sgog rdog  a number of garlic roots bunched in one.
sgog pa 	I: SANST, SANST garlic; leek; allium; ri sgog  Allium sphÊroceph a species of garlic growing wild in the hills of Tibet.  Syn. kun dong ; ro ldan ; gunya dzun ; snye'u ; sge'u ; lha min khrag ; kla klo'i spos  (Moon.).  II: acc. to Cs. pf. bsgags , fut. bsgag , to make one swear; sgog po  one that makes a person swear (J‰.).
sgog gsil 	a single garlic root or seed.
sgong 	I: also sgong nga  an egg.  In Sikkim "sgoo-do" (Snd. Hbk.).  II: n. of a country, prob. kong po .
sgong skyes 	= sgo nga las skyes pa  SANST born of or produced from an egg.
sgong spri 	the white of an egg or more properly the thin film which wraps the contents of an egg.
sgong thog pa 	n. of a plant.
sgong ba 	pf. bsgongs , fut. bsgong , imp. sgong (sa ) or sgongs shig  SANST  1. to make in tea balls to eat; to make round balls of dough (Cs.).  2. to hide; to conceal (a thing) (Sch.).  3. sgongs pa'am sgor mo  a laughing speech or exclamation.
sgod yas 	n. of a numeral sam byed brang breng sgod yas  (Ya-sel).
sgob sgob 	unable; deficient; wanting in strength (Sch.).
sgom 	see sgom pa 3.
sgom chen 	1. a Buddhist ascetic who remains absorbed in deep meditation.  2. species of fieldmouse, Lagomys badius, so called from its hybernating disposition.  See Hooker's Himalayan Journals.
sgom nyes pa 	= sems la bsam lugs nyes pa  or nor ba , to blunder in meditation.
sgom thag 	SANST meditating-cord; a long piece of cloth about four inches wide which is worn by the Yogi when he sits in meditation; it is stretched round the neck and under the knees while sitting.  About the 10th and 11th centuries A.D., Buddhist ascetics used to wear it in the manner the sacred thread is worn by the Brahmans, passing round the right shoulder to the side below the arm-pit:- sgom thag chen po zhig ni dpung pa nas mchan du ga shar bcug  let a large sgom-thag pass from the shoulders over the bosom (A. 11).  Acc. to J‰. a cord or rope is slung round the body in order to facilitate the effort of maintaining an erect and immoveable posture during meditation, which expedient of course is scorned by the more rigid devotees.
sgom sde 	n. of a section of the school of monks called ser byas grwa tshang  of Tibet (Loo. za 16).
sgom pa 	SANST, vb. pres. sgom gyin , or sgom bzhin , pf. bsgoms , fut. bsgom , imp. sgom  or sgoms , resp. thugs sgom   1. originally to fancy, imagine; now to meditate, contemplate systematically (c. accus. and dat.); to have; to entertain; to reproduce (in one's mind), with the accus. termin. or with double accus.  2. sbst. sgom pa , has come to signify systematic meditation of the Buddhist saint.  Four degrees of this meditation are to be distinguished, viz., lta ba  contemplation; sgom pa  meditation, properly so called (which requires gsal dang mi rtogs ma gYengs gsum  i.e., that it be so performed in a clear and decided manner without suffering one's self to be disturbed or distracted by anything); the third degree  od pa  consummation; and 'bras bu  fruition.
sgom pa po 	= sgom byed , i.e., sgom mkhan  an ascetic who meditates.
sgom pa tshang 	the term used in Amdo to signify sgom chen , a Buddhist ascetic who meditates, &c.
sgom bya 	and sgom rten  the object of meditation.
sgom 'brog 	1. the wilderness or solitude where hermits dwell for meditation.  2. holly in Sikkim (J‰.)?
sgom yan lag 	SANST a branch or form of ascetical meditation [lit. burning the limbs; it is a kind of penance in which the whole body is exposed to four heaps of fire in four quarters and to the sun on the head]S.
sgom lam 	the practice of ascetical meditation, also sgom gyi lam , the way to Nirvana by means of meditation; sa gnyis pa dri ma med pa nas sgom lam la zhugs  from the second stage of perfection free from defilement he entered on the practice of meditation.
sgom shing 	SANST, SANST the stick on which the ascetic fixes his gaze while engaging himself in meditation.
sgom gsum 	three kinds of sgom pa  or mystical meditation, viz.:- (1) meditation performed in the three, four or six periods into which a day may be divided for that purpose thun sgom ni|las dang po dus gnyen po phar 'debs kyi dran pa yin pas|thun tshams phye la bsom po|; (2) ngang sgom ni |myong tshur 'debs kyi dran pa yin pas|'gro 'dug za nyal las  od ci byas kyang 'bral med du ngang gis gnas so||sgom ni ci yang med pa la ngang dang ngang gis ngang thag bsring bsreng |; (3) klong sgom ni|nang sems mu thag chod pas|bsgom bya sgom byed kyi blo dang bral ba'o|.
sgoms 	(lha lta bu ) SANST a deity thought of for propitiation.
sgor 	a spindle in a turning-lathe (J‰.).
sgor sgor 	round.
sgor sgor 'khyil 	forming into an eddy or whirlpool (Oag. 12).
sgor ba 	1. pf. and fut. bsgar  to boil down; to condense by boiling, e.g., bu ram  sugar.  2. to turn on a lathe (J‰.).
sgor med 	without interruption or break: (ris med lam 'gro ) to go on a journey without break, i.e., without having to turn back.
sgor mo 	v. 1. sgongs .  2. SANST a ball, globe; also a disk; hence an Indian rupee is called phyi gling sgor mo ; bu ram sgor mo  a ball of treacle; sgor thig  a pair of compasses; sgor thig phye ba  or byed ka  semi-circular (Cs.; Schtr.).
sgos 	= sger du  or lhag par , specially, particularly, chiefly, &c.: in compounds and as adverb: private, separate, distinct; also as opposed to  i, e.g.,  i gdugs  a parasol for several persons; awning; shelter; sgos gdugs  a parasol for one person; sgos skal  share of a single person; individual lot.
sgos khur 	yi  ags zhig gi ming  n. of a yi-dwag or preta.
sgos pa 	to choose; to find the right thing (Sch.).
sgos su 	or sgos  adv. = khyad par du  or sger du  (opposite to  ir ), particularly, especially.  sgos kyi dpon  a subaltern officer (Cs): sgos su bka' gdams kyi bstan pa rin po che  particularly the precious doctrine of the Bkah-gdams-pa School (A. 124).
sgy ig gu 	or sgy i'u  a bag, purse: sgy ig gu chad po'i dbang du song nas  our purse being in the way of breaking, i.e., at low ebb; dngul sgy ig  purse to keep silver pieces.
sgy ing ba 	pf. bsgy ings , fut. bsgy ing   1. SANST to yawn, gape.  Syn. gying ba  hgying-wa; glal ba  (Moon.).
sgy id 	1. the hollow of the knee; bend of the knee; or sgy id pa  knee joint; sgy id pa gcod pa , to lame the knee-joint; hamstring (a horse).  2. the calf (of the leg).
sgy id skyur 	SANST idleness; langour: sgy id skyur ni bya ba gcig byed 'phro la gcig byed pa ni le lo ngan pa  (Oag.) sgy id skyur  is the vicious indolence of beginning a new work before he has finished the one he has in hand.  (EEE the original has the transliteration "sgyid-sgyur" throughout this entry but the Tibetan spelling in the original as given above is correct.)
sgy id skyur pa 	acute pain in the knee and leg, e.g., of a woman with child.
sgy id khung 	the hollow of the knee.
sgy id khyol 	one lame in his legs (Cs.).
sgy id 'khril 	SANST (lit. raised knee, that is, squatting and doing nothing) langour; laziness.  Syn. sgy id snyoms ; sgy id lug ; rmugs pa ; 'jas pa  (Moon.).
sgy id bu 	also sgy ed bu  SANST a hearth, fire-place, consisting of three stones on which the kettle is placed; lcags sgy id  iron trevet, tripod, cf. sgy ed po 3.
sgy id lug pa 	SANST slothful; idle Cs. and Lex.  yid zhum pa  prostrate with fatigue or mental lassitude.
sgy ir rkang 	gos dang gur sogs kyi mtha' la 'dril btang ba'i mtha' bcag  the fringe that is attached to the border of robes or of tents, &c.
sgy u 	= gYo sgy u  craft; deception; pretext.  sgy u can  artful; crafty; cunning (Cs.).
sgy u 'phrul 	SANST magical deception; sgy u 'phrul ma  SANST the name of Gautama, Buddha's mother.
sgy u ma 	SANST illusion; fancy; imposition whether natural or intentional; sgy u ma mkhan  SANST a juggler; sgy u ma can  SANST an imposter; one who plays deception; sgy u ma lta bu  SANST like illusion; illusive; sgy u ma sprul ba  to exhibit a false show (Cs.): ngas snang ba thams cad sgy u mar shes  I know that all phenomena are only illusions.  sgy u ma byed pa  SANST, SANST, one dexterous in magical show; a magician; sgy u ma med pa  SANST free from guile; guileless; sgy u ma'i nor  illusive riches, hence general wealth: sgy u ma'i nor la chog shes med|zhen pas bsags kyang shul du lus|rang gis bsags kyang gzhan gyis  od| the mind is not satisfied with the illusive wealth, though accumulated by desire it remains behind, and though acquired by yourself it is enjoyed by others.
sgy u ma'i dpe bcu gnyis 	the twelve expressions illustrative of illusion:- (1) sgy u ma lta bu ; (2) chu zla  the image of the moon in water; (3) mig yor  scenes that appear in a vision; (4) snig rgyu  mirage; (5) rmi lam  dream; (6) sgra brnyan , echo; (7) dri za'i grong khyer  castle in the air; (8) mig 'phrul ; (9) dbang po'i gzhu  rainbow; (10) glog  lighting; (11) chu bur  bubble; (12) me long gi gzugs brnyan lta bu  reflection or reflected image in a mirror.
sgy u rtsal 	SANST art, skill, dexterity: sgy u rtsal gnas kyang drang por rgyur  SANST though dexterous (artful) he was sincere.  There are 64 arts, of which 30 are distributed in handicrafts, 18 in music, 7 in singing, 9 in dancing.
sgy u rtsal sa 	= rgyal po'i skyed tshal  the royal gardens where in ancient time kings used to try feats of arms, etc. (Moon.).
sgy u lus 	1. the immaterial body of the soul while in the Bardo.  2. the animal and human body in general. inasmuch as it is only an apparent body; a phantom, when considered from a higher philosophical point of view.
sgy ug mo 	SANST, SANST, SANST mother-in-law; mna' sgy ug  both daughter-in-law and mother-in-law: sgy ug mos bsrungs pa  SANST watched by one's mother-in-law.
sgy ur bkod 	strong advice.
sgy ur ba 	SANST, pf. and fut. bsgy ur , trans. form of 'gyur ba .  1. to transform, alter, change (colour, one's mind); to correct; to translate; to revise.  2. to cast aside; to dissuade, divert; to turn; to cause to turn; 'khor lo sgy ur ba  or skor ba  to turn a wheel; skad sgy ur ba  to vary or modulate the voice, also to hum a tune; to sing or whistle.  3. to govern, steer, control: rta'i kha srab kyis sgy ur , a horse's mouth by a bridle: 'dod chags ngan pas kha sgy ur  he is governed by evil passions; kha lo sgy ur ba  to govern; also a driver; kha lo shing rta sgy ur ba  to drive a carriage; dbang sgy ur ba  to have command, control of; to dominate; to command.
sgy e 	(sgy ed snod ) SANST, SANST, a vessel [a sack; a Cathern bottle]S.
sgy e sgur 	crooked (Sch.).
sgy e sgy u sgy ur ba 	SANST bent forward and hump-backed.
sgy e bo 	SANST  1. hump-back; acc. to J‰.  2. one of the lower classes of officials or noblemen.
sgy e mo 	khug pa , SANST, SANST  1. sbst. a small pouch; ras sgy e  a bag of cotton stuff.  2. adj. quiet, gentle (in Spiti) (J‰.).
sgy e'u 	a small bag.
sgy ed po 	SANST a small fire-place; hearth-stone.
sgy ed bu 	SANST a make-shift fire-place.
sgy en pa 	to be on the move.
sgy el ba 	pf. and fut. bsgy el , transit. form of 'gyel ba , to throw down; to over-turn; to lay or put down (a bottle, a book); to thwart (the charm of an enemy); to kill (horses) (J‰.).
sgy ogs 	SANST, SANST a warlike engine to shoot darts or to fling stones with; mortar; cannon: sgy ogs kyi 'phrul 'khor  id.; sgy ogs rdo  stone flung from such a machine.  me sgy ogs  and rdo sgy ogs  = cannon: me sgy ogs  now called dob  in Tibet; rdo sgy ogs  a stone-thrower is used in Bhutan.
sgy ogs mda' *	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 128) catapult.
sgy ong ba 	pf. bsgy ongs , fut. bsgy ong , perh. originally = sgong ba  to hide.  1. to fill; to stuff (a sausage).  2. colloq. in W. to put into (pocket): gla phyir sgy ong ba  to return the wages due to another person (Sch.).
sgra 	(da) SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. sound, noise, voice: sgra la zin pa'i sgra dang ma zin pa'i sgra gnyis yod  there are two kinds of sound, viz.:- zin pa'i sgra  i.e., sound that can be caught or heard and understood; ma zin pa'i sgra  which cannot be heard or understood; indistinct sound; ming sgra  a mere word.  2. word, syllable.  3. a language.
sgra skad 	sound; voice; fame, sgra skad snyan pa  sounding; sonorous.
sgra bskyung ba 	SANST one who speaks few words.
sgra brgya pa 	= 'brug  SANST thunder.  (EEE the transliteration of the headword in the original is mistakenly given as "sgra brya-pa".)
sgra bsgy ur mar pa loo *	= mar pa  Mar-pa the translator and lo-tsa-wa.
sgra sgrags pa 	(da-dag-pa) SANST the sound returned by the target when the arrow hits it.
sgra sgrog par byed 	(da-dog-par ceh) SANST one who proclaims much; a great self-advertiser.
sgra sgrogs 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. the famous.  2. n. of the king of Laoka (Ceylon) with whom Rama waged war, described in the epic of Ramayan by Valmiki.
sgra sgrogs pa 	(da-dog-pa) to produce sounds, noises, etc.  (EEE The transliteration of the headword in the original is given as "sgra-sgrog-pa" which is likely correct.  The Tibetan as given in the original (above) would be an unusual spelling.  However, because of the surrounding terms in the original, it seems that this spelling of the entry was the intended one.)
sgra nges par sbyor ba 	= tshig gi sgra dag par sbyor ba  SANST the correct formation of words.
sgra gcan 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. n. of an Asura demon, who fought with the gods and drank nectar obtained by churning the ocean.  2. fabulous planet of Chinese and Brahmanical astrology which exercises malignant influences on the destinies of mankind; specially known by being at enmity with the sun and the moon, on whom it is continually wreaking vengeance.  Eclipses are cause by Sgra-gcan swallowing the sun or moon.  His different names are the following:- bsod rnams ldan ; mun pa can ; mtho ris snang byed ; bza'i na ba  Bzahi rna-wa; mgo zlum ; lam nag ; zla ba'i dgra ; seng ge mo'i bu ; zla ba 'joms ; nye bar 'phar 'gro ; sha za ; sprin lam rnam rgyal ; bre nye skyes ; khams gsum rnam rgyal  (Moon.).
sgra gcan 'dzin 	SANST the only son of Gautama Buddha who, according to the southern Buddhists, was born on the day Siddhartha left the world.  According to the northern Buddhists he was conceived in the womb of his mother Yasodhara long before the renunciation took place, and saw light six years after, on the day when Buddha finished his six years asceticism, on the bank of the river NairaÒjana; he was so named being born on the day when there was an eclipse.
sgra gcan 'dzin bshes gnyen *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2-249) [friend of Rahula]S.
sgra gcan lus 'joms 	SANST the god who subdued Rahu, the demon, by cutting him into two.
sgra che 	far-famed, renowned; sgra chen  SANST great; sound; sgra chen po  SANST high loud sound; sgra cher grags pa  well-known, famous; sgra nyan pa  to hear; to hear sound; sgra nyams pa  SANST sinking voice; low sound; sgra snyan  SANST, SANST a well-sounding, agreeable voice; a guitar; sgra brnyan  (brag cha ) SANST, SANST an echo.
sgra tog 	sound made by the tongue striking on the roof of the mouth: kho bo mi mthong ba'i tshe sha khrag gi ro la rkan sgra tog pa la  when I happened not to see him he by striking the roof of the mouth with his tongue signified the relish of meat, &c. (Hbrom. 118).
sgra dag pa 	pure; clear-voiced.
sgra don 	SANST meaning of a word.
sgra drag po 	SANST sound made by a sudden blow.
sgra ldan 	1. noisy.  2. (bya rog ) SANST, SANST met. a crow.
sgra ldar 	sounding; sonorous.
sgra ba *	SANST (Schr.) [speech]S.
sgra 'byin pa 	SANST; skad 'don pa  to resound, groan, cry loudly.
sgra byung lo 	SANST [resounded]S.
sgra byed 	sound-maker; sgra byed do  SANST makes sound.
sgra dbyangs 	SANST pleasing tone; harmony; euphony (A. K. 111-8).
sgra dbyangs rgyal po *	(Schr.; 46 B.).
sgra dbyangs lha mo 	the Goddess Sarasvati.  Syn. lha mo dbyangs can ma ; dbyangs can ma ; tshangs sras mo ; mtsho byung lha mo ; tshangs ba'i sras mo ; ngag dbang lha mo  (Moon.).
sgra sbyor ma 	a coalition or connection of letters.
sgra mi snyan 	SANST of disagreeable voice.  According to the fabulous geography of the Buddhists the northern continent which is said to be square in shape, and where a language is spoken not intelligible to the people of India.
sgra med 	SANST soundless; voiceless.
sgra med sprin 	SANST a cloud without thunder.
sgra tsam 	SANST only a voice.
sgra tshad 	(sgra dang tshad ma ) grammar and logic.
sgra 'dzin 	= rna ba  SANST that catches the sound; the ear.
sgra'i skye gnas 	SANST, SANST the origin or root of a word.
sgra'i rgyan 	SANST, SANST metaphor in rhetoric.
sgra'i snye ma 	tender tones and half tones, &c.; also the name of a book (Oag.).
sgra 'od zer gsum 	the three rays of sound which are incident on the soul in the Bardo: sgra yis dngngs so ; 'od kyis 'jigs so ; zer gyis sgrag go .
sgra yi sde 	SANST (Schr.; Kalac. T. 124) [soldiers of the adversary]S.  (EEE The translation given would fit with a spelling dgra yi sde .  Alternatively, a translation of the headword as shown would be "classes of sounds" or other possibilities; the context would have to be known to translate this correctly.)
sgra yi gnas *	= rna ba  SANST the ear.
sgra rig pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, the science of words; grammar [one versed in lexicography]S.
sgra la mkhas pa 	SANST one versed in the science of words; a grammarian.
sgra seng rig pa'i blo gros 	= 'jam dpal dbyangs  SANST a Bodhisattva and God of Learning of the northern Buddhists.
sgra gsal 	SANST articulate; intelligible.
sgrags 	1. together with; jointly.  2. of a place in Tibet.
sgrags kyi dar phug 	n. of a sanctuary situated in a rock-cavern of Tibet (Deb. ga 44).
sgrags kyi yang rdzong 	district in Lho-brag in S. Tibet.
sgrang ba 	(dang-wa) pf. bsgrangs , fut. bsgrang , imp. sgrong   1. to enumerate; to reckon up separately.  2. to upbraid; to reproach.
sgral ba 	(dal-wa) 1. to cut into small pieces, viz., the picture of an enemy whom one wishes to destroy (J‰.).  2. chu sogs las sgral ba  to pass over or travel upon a river or sea.
sgras mngon par go bar byed 	SANST by voice or sound he causes to be understood.
sgrig 	(dig) or gral sgrig pa  well arranged; good arrangement; v. sgrol 3.
sgrig pa 	pf. bsgrigs , fut. bsgrig , imp. sgrig  or sgrigs ; sgrol du sgrig pa , to arrange in order or row; to lay or put in order; to arrange, adjust; to put or fit together; to join (the separate parts); sgrigs par byed pa  SANST to compile (books); to stitch close (books, &c.); SANST covers.
sgrig lad 	defect in fixing gems on ornaments: mu med kyi sgrig lad 'ga' zhig byung 'dug rung  even though there was some defect in fixing a sapphire (Rtsii. and Yig. 17).
sgrig lam 	arrangement according to usage; custom: sgrig lam zhig song ba  there was a custom.
sgrigs 	imp. of sgrig pa .
sgrin po 	(din-po) SANST skilful, clever, prudent, expert.  Syn. mkhas pa ; sbyang bo  (Moon.).  (EEE sbyang po  is given as  ang po  spyao-po in the original, but this is clearly incorrect.)
sgrib 	(dib), nyi zla sgra gcan gyi sgrib pa , to eclipse; to cover over, v. sgrib pa 3 I.
sgrib chag 	, dus rgyun gyi rtsis las mar 'grib cing chag pa  reduction; anything below the average calculation; also discount.
sgrib gnyis kyi dbye ba 	distinction between the two defilements.
sgrib pa 	I: 1. SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST sin; mental and moral defilement; the state of being obscured, darkened; obscuration.  2. SANST, [a roof, cover]S.  ma rig pa'i sgo nga'i spugs kyi sgrib pa  hidden inside the egg of ignorance.  II: vb. pf. bsgribs , fut. bsgrib , imp. sgrib  (sgribs ) to obscure; to cover; to darken, defile: nyi ma'i 'od zer bsgrib nas  the light of the sun being obscured: sprin pas nyi ma sgrib pa  the sun is covered by the clouds.  2. yongs su bsgribs  SANST utterly obscured or covered.  III: adj. dark; sbst. darkness; sinner.
sgrib pa lnga 	the five kinds of moral obscurations are the following:- (1) las kyi sgrib pa , or 'dod srid kyi sgrib pa  defilements or sins of passionate desires; (2) gnod sems kyi sgrib pa  sins of an evil heart, i.e., of the wish to do evil of other; (3) rmugs rgod kyi sgrib  sins of laziness and indolence; (4) gnyid kyi sgrib pa  sins of sleep; (5) the tshom gyi sgrib pa  sins of doubt.
sgrib pa gnyis 	or sgrib gnyis  the two kinds of moral and mental obscuration are:- (1) nyon mongs pa'i sgrib pa  SANST defilement of misery that caused by habits, etc.; shes bya'i sgrib pa  SANST the sin produce from the objects of cognition; acc. to the Mahayana doctrine these two sins vanish as soon as one has attained to the eighth stage of Bodhisattva perfection; acc. to the Hinayana these remain even when one has become an Arhat.  Acc. to the Bon religion, sins which bring sufferings encompass the living beings of the three worlds, sins that appertain to knowledge only affect such saints, gYung drung sems pa  and rig 'dzin sems pa , as belong to the tenth stage only.
sgrib pa rnam sel 	n. of a Bodhisattva.  (EEE The original gives the transliteration of the headword as "Sgrib-pa sgrib-pa rnam-sel" but this seems to be an error of duplication.)
sgrib shing 	(dib-shing) invisible by the power of charms or by certain articles of influence on men and devils: khwa ta'i sgro yis sgrib shing byed  made invisible by the feathers of magpie.
sgrim pa 	(dim-pa), pf. bsgrims , fut. bsgrim , imp. sgrim  (sgrims ).  1. to hold fast; to force or twist together; to endeavour; (Cs.) to squeeze in, crowd in; (Sch.) to be confused: blo dang rig pa sgrim pa  to be careful both in mind and intelligence, that is, not to forget any important point or say a foolish word in conducting a case; to bring all the intelligence into play; skud pa sgrim pa  to twist the threads together that they may become a compact plait.
sgril kha 	a piece rolled together: kha nyi shu rtsa gcig yod pa'i sgril  a roll containing twenty-one pieces.
sgril ba 	pf. and fut. bsgril  (cf. 'gril ba 3 and 3'khril ba 3).  to make a roll of; to roll, wrap up; to wind into a spool; thag pa dang shog bu sgril mkhan  he who rolls up ropes or paper; ril bur sgril ba  to roll or form into a pill; gang ltod pa sgril ba  to roll up tightly what has got slack.
sgris khrims 	rules or regulations of admission; sgris bcug pa  to admit; to introduce.  (EEE The original gives the transliteration of the headword as "sgris-skhrims" but that is clearly in error.)
sgrug pa 	(dug-pa) = 'thu ba , pf. bsgrugs pa , fut. bsgrug , imp. sgrug  or sgrugs  to collect, gather, pluck, pick up, e.g., wood, nuts, vermin, &c.: shing sgrug  = shing 'thu ba ; shing cig sgrugs dang gsung nas  having requested that some wood should be collected.  (EEE The original gives the transliteration of the headword as "srug-pa" but that is clearly in error.)
sgrung 	I: (dung) n. of a Tibetan king of the Bon period.  II: or sgrungs , described as sngon gyi lo rgyus bden rdzun sna tshogs , various anecdotes, true and false, of former times; sgrung mkhan  one who narrates fables or stories (Cs.): sgrung rgyud  the stories or fables that have come down to us; sgrung 'chad pa  to relate fables, stories, &c.; sgrung gtam  legends; tales of ancient time.
sgrung lde'i gnam bon 	the heavenly or celestial Bon-po teachers who flourished before the time of King Di-gum btsan-po and his successors in the mythological period.
sgrung pa 	a relater of legends.
sgrung ba 	= sgrung bshad mkhan   1. one who relates fables or stories.  2. vb. pf. bsgrungs , fut. bsgrung , to mix; to invent; to feign (Cs.); sgrung babs  the inspired story-tellers of Tibet, whose profession it is to narrate fables for a living; he puts a square cap on his head and goes on telling stories without pause.
sgrun pa +	(dun-pa), pf. and fut. bsgrun  SANST  1. to resound; to reply in the same tone; to rival.  2. to compare; to emulate, vie, contend with (Cs.).  Syn. 'gran pa  (Moon.).
sgrub pa 	vb. pf. bsgrubs , fut. bsgrub , imp. sgrub  (cf. 'grub pa 3) SANST, SANST, SANST to complete, finish, perform, carry out, accomplish; to achieve, manufacture, attain to; don sgrub pa  to attain to one's aim; to obtain a blessing, a boon; tshe 'di'i don sgrub pa  to care for the wants of this life: to accomplish the ends of this life; rgyags phye sgrub pa  to procure flour as provision for a journey; nor sgrub pa  to gain riches; also to furnish with, to supply; lha sgrub pa  to propitiate a god.  Acc. to J‰. lha sgrub pa  implies, in accordance with Bramanic-Buddhist theology, not so much the making of a deity propitious to man, as rendering a god subject to human power, forcing him to perform the will of man.  Whilst the conatus, the labouring in this arduous undertaking is often called sgrub pa , the arriving at the wished-for end is designated 'grub pa .
sgrub dka' ba 	SANST very difficult to propitiate, to perform, to execute.
sgrub khang 	the house or place where one sits to meditate or propitiate a deity, or where the rites and ceremonies are observed for the same.
sgrub mkhan 	SANST one who propitiates; a propitiator.
sgrub gla 	= sgrub yon  remuneration for propitiating (Moon.).
sgrub 'chag 	building or making and dismantling or destroying; the term is defined in gsar ba sgrub rgyu dang rnying pa nas mar 'chag rgyu  constructing a new one and breaking down the old one.
sgrub rtags 	token; proofs of the attainment of perfection on accomplished saints.
sgrub thabs 	SANST, SANST the method of effecting the propitiation of a deity, of obliging a god to make his appearance.  There are two kinds of sgrub thabs : zhi ba'i sgrub thabs dang khro bo'i sgrub thabs gnyis  the propitiation or coercion of gods in their mild aspect, and of those of wrathful aspect.
sgrub thabs rgya mtsho *	SANST (Schr.; Ta. 2, 330) the ocean of coercion.
sgrub dang sun 'byin 	propitiating and discomfiting.
sgrub nus 	SANST the power to perform or propitiate.
sgrub pa dka' brgyad 	the eight gods who according to the rnying ma  sect of Tibet are difficult to propitiate.  They are the following:- 'jam dpal sku ; pad ma gsung ; yang dag thugs ; bdud rtsi yon tan ; phur pa 'phrin las 'jig rten 'das pa'i sde lnga|ma mo rbod gtong ; dmod pa drag sngags , 'jig rten mchod bstod  (Grub. kha 11).
sgrub par byed pa 	to cause ecstasy in meditation.
sgrub po mchog 	SANST highest stage of consummation.
sgrub bya 	SANST, SANST anything to be propitiated; a god.  There are two kinds of deities, male and female, who having in view the good of all living beings do many kind services when invoked; they are manifested in aspects, calm and peaceful, or terrific and wrathful.  For instance, the Goddess Dolma when she is propitiated is a mild deity and is called lha mo sgrub bya  i.e., the goddess to be propitiated; the man who propitiates being called sgrub pa po , and the manner of exhorting her is called sgom tshul ; the propitiatory rites are called sgrub thabs .  sgrub par byed pa  includes the persons who observe the rites, who meditate on her and officiates at the service.  When the goddess has been propitiated, i.e., bsgrubs , she appears before the devotee and grants him his prayer or wishes.
sgrub byed 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. he that accomplishes the propitiation or coercion.  2. a kind of bile.
sgrub ran 	or sgrub ngan  SANST cannot easily be propitiated or accomplished.
sgrub le 	dbang le dang sgrub le .
sgrub gshen 	a deity of the Bon to be propitiated; the Bon doctrine (J‰.).
sgrub sla pa 	sgrub sla-wa SANST easy to perform, or easy of accomplishment.
sgre ba 	(de-wa) 1. uncovered: chos kyi glegs bam sgre ba la bzhag mi rung  a sacred volume should not be kept uncovered.  2. adj. gen. + sgre bo  bare; naked; sgre mo , sa sgre bo  = sa khod mi snyoms pa  or sa gcer bu  bare uneven ground.  3. vb. pf. and fut. bsgre  to repeat; to put or place in order; to put together; to collate.
sgreg pa 	(deg-pa) vb. pf. sgregs , sbst. SANST, SANST to belch; also sbst. eructation.  Syn. gsud pa  or gsus pa gyen bzlog  eructation that rises upwards.
sgreng sgreng 	firm and well-fixed: ltag rtsa sgreng sgreng rang med pa 'dis len .
sgreng ba 	(deog-wa) = gyen du slang ba  SANST, SANST vb. pf. bsgrengs , fut. bsgreng , imp. sgreng  or sgrengs , cf. 'greng ba 3  1. to lift, hoist or rise up: dar lcog dang rgyal mtshan sogs gyen du slang ba  fix or erect the house-flags and the sacred standard.  2. to stretch out.  (EEE The original reads "cf. 'greng pa " but this is 1) a spelling error and 2) the correctly spelled 'greng ba  is found as the target reference so the text has been changed accordingly.) (EEE The original has dar lcog dang rgyal mtshan sogs gyen du spang ba  but this too is clearly incorrect.)
sgren mo 	(den-mo) SANST; gos med gcer bu  naked; without cover; destitute; bleak.
sgren mo gsum 	(den-mo sum) the three denmo according to a Tibetan saying are the following:- (1) klung ni chu med sgren mo ste  a valley is bleak when it is without water; (2) yul 'khor mgon med sgren mo  a country without a protecting deity is destitute; (3) gal te ming po bcu yod kyang |khyo med bud med sgren mo'o| that woman who is without husband though she may have got ten brothers is denmo, i.e., destitute.
sgres pa 	(deh-pa) n. of a numeral figure used in Buddhist astrology: sgreg pa shin tu brtan pa'o zhes bshad de 'di la grangs gnas brgya dang nyer brgyad 'byung zhing  (Ya-sel. 57).
sgro 	1. a large feather, esp. quill-feather, used for an ornament of arrows, as a charm, etc.: sgro ldan  feathered race; a general name for birds as being possessed of feathers; also an arrow.  2. sgro ba  to elevate, exalt, increase (Cs.); to exaggerate (J‰.).  3. sack; bag; thal sgro  a sack full of ashes (J‰.), v. sgro ba 3.
sgro rkang 	(do-kang) a species of tall fir; the feather fir.
sgro skur 	(do-kur) is an abbreviation of the expression; sgro 'dogs pa dang skur pa 'debs pa  decorating with feathers and casting abuse, i.e., exaggeration and depreciation: nga ni sgro skur med pa'i dge slong yin .  I am a monk (Bhikru) who neither flatters nor speaks ill of others.
sgro khyim 	(do-khim) sgro khyim yangs la mgo bo bra lo can  (Jig. 32).
sgro ga 	(do-ga) 1. the little bubbles in sparkling beverages.  2. the ropes used to pack cloth; cord, fetter; lcags sgro  iron fetters; lcags sgro lag pa sprel nas  the hands chained together; lham sgro  shoe-strap; lace; latchet.
sgro gu 	(do-gu) string; strap for binding, fastening, strapping: sgro gu rten pa  the steel point or blade of an arrow to which a feather is attached.
sgro btags pa 	SANST vb. to make a false show; to pretend much; sbst. vanity; presumption: rnam par rtog pas sgro btags pa'i bdag nyid can yin  (Lam. ti. 42) imaginary thoughts are possessed of the nature of vain and unreal assertion.  (EEE The original edition has rnam par rtogs  but this is clearly incorrect.)
sgro 'dogs 	(do-dˆg) doubts; sgro 'dogs gcod  free from doubts: bla ma dam pa'i gdams ngag gis nang gi sgro 'dogs gcod pa yin  by the (upadesha) precepts of the holy Lama his doubts were dissolved (A. 77).
sgro 'dogs ma chod 	his doubts were not cleared (A. 27).
sgro phug 	n. of a place in Tibet.
sgro phug pa 	n. of a celebrated Nyingma Lama who lived in Dophug: sgro ston gyi lha khang sgro phug tu brtsigs pa lags so| the temple of Do-ton was built at Do-phug (Deb. ga 6).
sgro ba 	I: (do-wa) a leather or hide bag for keeping barley-flour, peas, etc.  Those that are carried on horseback are called rta sgro ; small leather bags are called lag sgro  hand-bag; gsang sgro  or the mystic bag is a term for the scrotum.  Syn. sgy e mo ; sgy e'u ; tshugs snod ; phad tshe  (Moon.).  II: sbst.  1. acc. to Vai. so, and Sch. the bark of a species of willow.  2. in C. Tib. the penis.  III: vb. pf. bsgros , fut. bsgro , imp. sgro, to debate, discuss, chatter freely.
sgro mdongs 	(dom-doog) a peacock's plumes or feathers (Hbrom. kha 11); a Chinese decoration used to adorn the hat worn by the chiefs and noblemen of Tibet, China, &c.
sgrog 	(dog) strap, as in lham sgrog ; shoe-strap; lcags sgrog  iron fetters or chain; brgyangs shing la sgrog .
sgrog gdan 	(dog-dao) the triangular patch generally made up of satin on the pang gdan  i.e., the bib which covers the front of a woman's petticoat.
sgrog gdub 	(dog-dub) a bangle made of cord or straps also of jade.
sgrog pa 	(dog-pa) SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, pf. bsgrags , fut. bsgrag , imp. sgrag  or sgrags  to call, shout forth; to publish, proclaim, declare; sgrog pa po  a declaimer, preacher; gsung sgrog pa  to read the sacred words.  Used in Mil., also, of birds sending forth their cries.  sgrogs pa'am gsal ba  SANST; chos sgrogs pa  or chos kyi sgrogs gleng mdzad pa  to preach; dril sgrogs pa  to publish by ringing a bell.
sgrog ril 	(dog-ril) button, round button; sgrog ril sgrog pa  to button up (Schr.).
sgrog rus pa 	(dog-rui-pa) SANST [a shelter for swans]S.
sgrogs ldan 	SANST a river.
sgrogs zhum 	(dog-shum) scream.
sgrod pa 	(doi-pa) another form of 'grod pa  as in phyi la sgrod pa  to go outside; not much used.
sgron bskal 	(don-kal) the enlightened age, opp. to mun bskal  or the dark age.
sgron chas 	the articles such as butter, oil, &c., for lighting lamps in a chapel during the eight holy days in a month.
sgron te 	= phul te  having offered: dgon mchog gsum la ras mda' zhig sgron te  having offered to the Triratna (the three precious ones) a wick (Rtsii. 32).
sgron deb 	the list of people able to give lamps in a town or on a large estate.
sgron dregs 	lamp-black.
sgron pa 	vb. pf. and fut. bsgron   1. to cover; to lay over, adorn, decorate; to light; to kindle.  2. n. of a kind of arrow which shoots like a meteor.
sgron ma 	I: (don-ma) light, lamp, lantern, torch.  The word sgron  is used to various persons as a title of honour; gser snyan sgron  is intended for royalty; zhal ser sgron  the golden enlightener, term of address to great lamas; na bza' sgron  is applied to the dress of royalty; gsol ba sgron  to the food served to a prince; gsol ja sgron  to his tea.  + II: SANST (Schr.; Bull. 1848, 291).  [light]S.
sgron ma drug 	the six lamps used to signify the six religious discourses of Panchen Naropa generally called na ro chos drug .
sgron me 	SANST, SANST, SANST a burning lamp; prob. a lamp as religious offering: lag na sgron me yod kyang ni|long bas lam ni mthong mi 'gyur| though a lamp be in his hand, the blind will not see the way (She. doo. 16).  rin chen sgron me  SANST the precious light; name of book.  Syn. mtshan mo'i snang byed ; snum la dga' ; khyim gyi nor bu ; snum za ; 'bar ba'i ral pa can ; snang gsal ; mar me  (Moon.).
sgron me shing 	v. sgron shing 3.
sgron gzhi kha 	n. of a large estate in the district of Lhun-tse in Tibet.
sgron shing 	or sgron me shing  the yew-leaf fir, Pinus picea; in Sikkim Pinus longifolia is so called.  sgron shing pang rlung chu ser grangs ba sel  sgron-shio removes mucous, wind, and cold in the stomach.
sgrob 	(dob) haughtiness, arrogance, pride.
sgrob che ba 	= nyams che ba  one with great airs; bumptious, pretentious person: rdzong dpon 'ga' re sgrob che bas yul 'khor yong gi yod 'dug pa bcas  (D. Shel. 7) Some Jong-pˆns are as over-bearing, as if the whole country belonged to their circuit.
sgrob chen 	and sometimes sgrom chen  are provincial words used to signify pretentiousness or self-assumption; sgro che ba  = brdzu byas pa  pompous: mi sgrob chen dang sgrom chen sogs brdzu byas pa'i don grong skad yin  (Oag. 18) mi dob-chen and dom-chen etc. signify pretentiousness in provincial language.
sgrom 	(dom) SANST, SANST a trunk or portmanteau; a box the inside of which is made of wood or wicker work and the outside lined with leather; a large leather box.  [SANST may be regarded as the Pali form of Sanskrit SANST, a seat, an altar]S.  mchod sgrom  a chest to keep articles of religious service; thab sgrom  a box to keep utensils, plates, &c., for cooking, generally covered with tanned tiger skin.  Syn. sgam .
sgrom bu 	a small box; smyug sgrom  = gzheb ma  a chest made of wicker work.
sgrol dkar 	and sgrol ljang   1. are known as the White and Green manifestations of the Goddess Dolma or Tara, the two wives of King Srong-btsan sgam-po, being deified and worshipped as their incarnations.  2. names of females of frequent occurrence in Tibet.
sgrol dkar kun blo ma 	, sgrol ma kun rgyal ma , sgrol ma rgyal bzang ma  are other different manifestations of the Goddess Dolma.
sgrol ba 	pf. and fut. bsgral .  1. to save, rescue, deliver; to set free; to liberate; chu dang sdug bsngal dang 'jigs pa dang 'khor ba las sgrol ba  to save from the water, from the water, from misery, fear, and from transmigratory existence: sgrol ba'i ded dpon du 'gyur  he becomes a guide to salvation.  2. to transport, carry; to cross (a river) by boat or ferry: 'khor ba bsgral ba'i gru gzings yin  it is a boat that will carry you over the river of transmigration.  3. to remove, expel, drive away: 'dra rnams phyi'i rgya mtsho chen po la bsgral  the demons were banished to the uttermost parts of the sea; bdud sgrol ba  to expel the devil.
sgrol ba po 	SANST the deliverer, met. for saviour.
sgrol ba'i dbang phyug *	SANST, SANST (Schr.; Bull. 1898, 295) the Lord of final deliverance.
sgrol byed 	SANST, SANST a deliverer; met. for a boat, ship.
sgrol ma 	(Dol-ma) SANST, SANST the Goddess Dolma, she that saves from transmigratory existence; one of the most popular deities in Tibet, and of whom there are supposed to be many sprul-ku or branch emanations.  Some Sgrol-ma kyil-hkhor exhibit twenty-one different manifestations of the goddess.  The several appellations of sgrol ma  are:- oM mdzad ; rgyal yum ; mchog gi ma ; myur skyob ; 'jig rten dbang sras mo ; zhi ma phongs skyob ; legs byin ma ; chos kyi dpal mo  (Moon.).
sgrol ma ku ru kul le 	one of the twenty-one manifestations of the Goddess Dolma (K. g. nga 266).
sgrol ma che 	SANST Maha Tara or the great Goddess Dolma.
sgrol ma nyin zhi mtshan khro *	(Schr.; 45 A) "Dolma, mild by day and wrathful by night."
sgrol ma nor sbyin ma *	(Schr.; 46 B) Dolma, the wealth-giver.
sgrol ma dpal chen 	SANST Dolma, the most glorious.
sgrol ma dmar mo *	(sa lugs ) (Schr.; 46 A) the Red Dolma.
sgrol ma zhi ma 	SANST Dolma in her mild aspect.
sgrol ma yid bzhin nor bu *	(Schr.; 46 C) Dolma the wish giving gem.
sgrol ma ser mo *	(46 C.; Schr.).
sgrol ma'i sgrub thabs brgya rtsa 	SANST (Ta. 2, 156) n. of a book consisting of one hundred stanzas composed for propitiating the Goddess Dolma.  (EEE The original gives the transliteration of the headword as "Sgrol-mahi sgrub-thabs brya-rtsa" which is clearly in error.)
sgrol sher 	abbreviation of the expressions sgrol ma 'don rgyu  and shes rab rnying po .
sgros 	(doi) manner; method; way; bshad sgros  manner of explaining; gtam sgros  way of speaking (Cs.); bla ma rnams kyi gsung sgros  conference of the lamas; sgrogs bshad sgros  the method of instruction which is to be proclaimed (Sch.).  mchu sgros  is same as mchu bsgrigs , mchu sgros bi± ltar , his graceful lip was like the fruit called Bimba.  1. edge, brim, lip (Cs.).  2. scar, also a mark from a wound (Sch.).  (EEE mchu sgros bi± ltar  has been incorrectly typeset in the original with mchu sgros bi ∂ ltar .  The transliteration of  mchu-sgros bim-ba ltar in the original and the context verifies the spelling that we have given.)
brgad pa 	= bgad pa  to smile; smile on.
brgal 	pf. of rgal ba .  brgal len , controversy, disputation.
brgal dka' ba 	the ocean (that which is difficult to cross) (Moon.).
brgal pa 	SANST [enjoined; asked; censured]S.
brgol ba 	to disagree; to act in opposition; to be disposed to contrariety.
brgya 	SANST one hundred; brgya mchod  a hecatomb of 100 lamps; one hundred offerings; brgya stong  SANST one hundred thousand; brgya tham pa  full one hundred; brgya dod  = grwa ba brgya tham pas sku rim byed pa'i gla yon la  remuneration to one hundred monks for conducting a religious service; yang brgya mchod kyi dod dngul 'bru sogs , &c., remuneration in silver, grain, etc. for conducting the religious service of one hundred offerings; brgya 'dangs  about a hundred; nearly one hundred.
brgya pa 	SANST, SANST centenarian; one of hundred years of age.
brgya po 	consisting of one hundred.
brgya phrag 	SANST the hundred; a century; phran tshegs brgya phrag mi pham mgon  (A. 21).
brgya bam 	anything kept in groups of one hundred; brgya re re thum pa rgyab nas bzhag pa  (Zam. 4).
brgya byin 	1. n. of a medicinal root; dug mo nyung  a mystic word or gab yig  (Mio. 3).  2. SANST one who has performed one hundred yajÒa (sacrifices); an epithet of Indra.  Acc. to Buddhist mythology there are two Indras, the senior Indra rules over the gods, the senior Indra rules over the gods, the junior, riding on the great elephant called Airavata, keeps guard over the celestial regions, having in his immediate charge the quarters of the East.
brgya byin skyes 	SANST Indra's son; born of Indra.
brgya byin grong 	SANST the residence of Indra; the celestial metropolis.  Syn. 'chi ba med ldan ; lta na sdug ; sum cu rtsa gsum ; khang bzang rnam par rgyal ba ; rnam par rgyal byed pho brang  (Moon.).
brgya byin  i bo 	= grog mkhar  ant-hill; also ant's foot.
brgya byin spros 	; aa ru ra  Myrobalan arjuna the delight of Indra.  (EEE Myrabalan in the original corrected to Myrobalan.)
brgya byin ma 	= brgya byin btsun mo  SANST the celestial queen; the wife of Indra.  Her different names are:- 'chi med dbang mo ; lha'i btsun mo ; legs brjod ma ; dbang chen ma ; bu lo'i sras mo ; bde sogs ma  (Moon.).
brgya byin gzhu 	SANST  1. the bow of Indra, i.e., rainbow.  2. a kind of medicinal fruit.
brgya byin lha yi dbang po'i ming 	the different names of Indra:- mtho ris 'dren pa ; mtho ris rgyal ; lha yi rgyal po ; 'jer 'jigs ; lha'i rnga can ; gtsang byed mgon po ; rdo rje can ; stobs ldan dgra bo ; lha yi bdag ; 'chi med rgyal po ; legs bris gtso ; grags ba'i mu khyud ; mchog sbyin brgya pa ; bde sogs bdag ; lha dbang ; legs skyob ; skabs gsum dbang ; rgan la nyan ; shis brjod nyan ; gnas kyi bdag po ; sprin la zhon ; bzod dkas rangs ; bzhin bsnyems bzod ; char 'bebs grong 'joms ; grol byed 'joms ; pu lo ma dgra ; gang po 'bod ; ha ri'i rta can ; snin pa gsod ; tshig mda'i mgon po ; mig stong can ; ko'u shi ka  (Moon.).  (EEE The original gives the transliteration of the headword as "Brgya-byin Lha-yi bwao-pohi mio" which is clearly in error.)
brgya 'dzin 	SANST that contains or holds one hundred objects, etc.
brgya las 'dam pa 	brgya tham pa las gcig 'dam pa .
brgyag brngan 	n. of a Bon god who is also called lha bsangs .
brgyags 	SANST victuals; provision, as in mtshams brgyags , lam brgyags  provision for the journey.
brgyang ba 	SANST, pf. brgyangs , fut. brgyang , imp. rgyongs  or rgyongs shig   1. to extend, stretch out, set out or arrange; ko ba dang thag pa brgyang ba  to stretch hide and rope; snod brgyang ba  to set out a vessel; mchod me brgyang ba  to put in array lamps as offerings.  2. to call a person from a distance.
brgyad 	SANST eight.  Symbolic Syn. bkra shis ; lha ; klu ; nor ; gdengs can ; srid pa ; lto ; 'gro  (Rtsii.).
brgyad bkag +	= bka' bkyon pa  SANST rebuke; reproof; reflection on one's conduct or act.
brgyad bkug 	or skud pa brgyad sgril  thread in eight-fold twists.
brgyad bcu 	SANST eighty.
brgyad chung 	n. of a kind of tea which is of inferior quality, largely consumed by Tibetans in general.
brgyad stong pa 	SANST one of the abridged sacred scriptures of the northern Buddhists containing 8,000 slokas.
brgyad ston 	SANST the festival on the eighth lunar day of the month.
brgyad pa 	SANST  1. the eighth.  2. tshar bcad pa  he who finishes or puts an end to; the destroyer.
brgyad po 	consisting of eight; the eight.
brgyad lhag 	lit. eight in excess (of one hundred); SANST a rosary which consists of one hundred and eight beads.
brgyan pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST vb. to adorn, decorate; to provide with: rin chen rgyan gyis brgyan pa  adorned with precious ornaments cf. rgyan 3; sbst.
brgyal ba 	= myog ches byed pa  SANST  1. to fall down senseless; to lie senseless; to sink down unconscious; to faint.  2. to howl, of a fox (Sch.); 'o brgyal te  fainting with fatigue; brgyal bog pa  laid prostrate and unconscious: thams cad brgyal bog pa bzhin  all as if prostrate and senseless (A. 76).
brgyas 	= lhan rgyas  together with.
brgyugs 	pf. of rgyug pa  SANST, SANST used as sbst. a race; also running a race.
brgyungs pa 	the marrow in the back-bone (Cs.).
brgyud 	cf. rgyud 3 SANST, SANST, SANST, gcig nas gcig tu brgyud pa  descent from one to another.  1. family, lineage, ancestors, offspring.  2. race, people, nation: bod kyi mi brgyud  the Tibetan nation, people.  rigs brgyud  relations; gdung brgyud  decendants; bla brgyud  the succession or line of Lamas.  3. Tantras and mystic manuals, v. 3rgyud 3; chos kyi brgyud pa  religious arguments and deductions.
brgyud brgyugs 	a continuous succession (Sch.).
brgyud can 	possessed of descendants; fruitful.
brgyud pa 	1. belonging to a race or family.  2. v. rgyud 3 and 3rgyud pa 3.
brgyud pa rnam pa lnga 	there were five different schismatic successions among the Buddhists in Ancient India; they were the following:- (1) 'dul ba'i rgyud  or SANST the generation observing moral discipline; (2) gsang sngags kyi rgyud  or SANST the mystical succession; (3) rgya chen  od rgyud  or SANST the succession of abundant performances; (4) zab mo lta rgyud  SANST [the profound succession]S.; (5) snying po don rgyud  or the Occult race SANST (Grub. da 6).
brgyud 'phel ba 	to increase the race or progeny; to multiply; to increase the family.
brgyud ma 	1. one belonging to a family; a scion; one well acquainted with the secrets, well informed; acc. to Cs. = brgyud can .  2. in W. fruitful; fertile.  3. brgyud ma rgyab pa  to perpetuate family lineage; brgyud 'dzin  SANST heir; successor.
brgyud yas 	SANST n. of a numerical figure (Ya-sel. 56).
brgyus pa 	SANST to make a string of; to stitch together.
bsgag pa 	v. 'gegs pa 3 and 3sgog pa 3.
bsgang 	or sgang  = dngos gzhi  point of time; moment; instant; conjuncture: lo gsar bsgang gi lhags pa  a chilling gale on the opening of the new year; bya ba'i bsgang  the proper time for doing a thing; 'bri ba'i bsgang  the time for writing; za ba'i bsgang  the time of eating.  (EEE the original edition has lo gsar bsgang gi lhag pa  but lo gsar bsgang gi lhags pa  is correct as is shown by the transliteration lhags in the original.)
bsgangs pa 	to form into; gong bu bsgangs  made a ball of; gcig tu bsgongs  collects into one.  (EEE The original gives the headword as bskangs pa  and the transliteration as "bsgangs-pa".  The transliteration is clearly correct so the headword has been altered accordingly.)
bsgar 	pf. of sgor ba .
bsgugs pa 	pf. of sgug pa  to wait (for one's arrival or return).
bsgul bskyod 	tremulous; to shake and tremble: sems can 'gro 'dug dang bsgul bskyod byed  the living beings move, stand and tremble (Khrid. 47).
bsgul pa 	SANST to shake, tremble, quake, quiver.  Gen. sgul ba .
bsgo ba 	SANST  1. to direct, instruct, v. sgo ba 3.  2. to rub with; to apply on snum bsgos pa ; to stain, anoint; to infect with disease; bsgos pa  pf. of bsgo pa  to command, order; also bka' bsgos pa  to give directions; issue commands; also the coercive bidding of the mystic exorcist towards an evil spirit.  bag chags bsgos pa  defiled with moral impurity (Oag. 19).  Syn. khas blangs byed ; dul ba 'dzin ; tshig brtan pa ; bsgo ba nyan pa ; dbang du gyur ; bsnyen pa ; zhi ba ; dul ba ; nyer zhi ba  (Moon.).
bsgo ba bcag pa 	SANST to disobey; to disregard directions.
bsgo ba rna la gzon pa 	= bsgo ba mi nyan pa  not listening to instructions or directions.
bsgo ba rnam pa gsum 	I: the three religious instructions or directions:- 1. dge 'dun gyis bsgo ba  instruction issued by the church.  2. sdes bsgo ba  those issued by a section of the church.  3. dge 'dun gnas brtan gyis bsgo ba  directions emanating from the senior member of the holy order.  II: 1. slob dpon gyis bsgo ba  the order of the principal of a college or the superior of a monastery.  2. mkhan pos bsgo ba  the command of the Khanpo (abbot).  3. dge 'dun gyis bsgo ba .  III: 1. dge 'dun gyis bsgo ba  the vows of the holy order.  2. gang zag gis bsgo ba  vows of ordinary men.  3. so sor thar pas bsgo ba  vows for individual emancipation in the ordinary way (K. du. 42).
bsgo ba bzhin nyan pa 	or rjes su 'jug pa  SANST to follow, do as directed.  [One who acts as directed]S.
bsgo ba la mi nyan pa 	bslab bya la mi nyan  breach of religious discipline; SANST not to act according to instruction.
bsgom pa 	SANST contemplation; = goms pa ; bsgom pa dang goms pa gnyis lam la sbyar na don gcig yin  bsgom-pa and goms-pa in their application to road have one and same meaning.
bsgom skyes 	SANST, SANST produced from contemplation, also reflection; bsgom pa byung ba  SANST sprung from contemplation; bsgom pa la dga' ba  delighting in contemplation.
bsgoms pa 	pf. of sgom pa .
bsgy ings pa 	= 'gying ba   1. SANST, SANST to yawn.  2. = spo ba .
bsgy ur ba 	I: another form of sgy ur ba  SANST, SANST to change; kha dog bsgy ur ba  changing colour; gos bsgy ur ba  to change clothes; to change the cover (like a snake); to translate; rgya gar nas chos sgy ur ba  to translate books brought from India; tshig bsgy ur  to translate words; don bsgy ur  to alter the meaning; thad bsgy ur  to change the direction; 'chol bsgy ur , lus bsgy ur  to change one's body (miraculously); ming bsgy ur  to change one's name; mdog bsgy ur  to change the complexion or colour; spus bsgy ur  to change the quality; bsngos bsgy ur  i.e., to change one's intention; phyi nang bsgy ur  to invert the object; chos lugs bsgy ur  conversion; skad bsgy ur  to change the language.  II: SANST to multiply, increase.  Syn. bsnun ; bsgres pa ; spel ba ; gsil ba  (Moon.).
bsgy us pa 	SANST muscle.
bsgrag phrang 	(dag-theng) n. of a Jong in Tibet.  (EEE the original gives the transliteration as Bsgrag-phreo.  The correct Tibetan might thus be bsgrag phreng .)
bsgrags 	(dag) (chos klog tshar ba ) SANST, SANST proclaimed; read or recited loudly.
bsgrags pa 	sung; diffused.
bsgrang pa 	1. to enumerate, count up (Cs.).  2. to cause to grow cold.
bsgrad pa 	= bgrad pa  to open wide; mig bgrad pa  to stare; rkang pa bgrad pa  to part the legs wide; to straddle.
bsgral 	SANST, SANST [cross; passable]S
bsgral ba 	SANST to pass; cross over.
bsgral ba'i shing rta 	a boat, also = gru skya  an oar of a boat (Moon.).
bsgral bya 	SANST, SANST met. a boat.
bsgral yas 	SANST a numerical figure used in Buddhist astrology.
bsgrigs 	(dig) SANST, SANST, SANST put in order, arranged, arrayed; bsgrigs pa  SANST formed into string.
bsgribs pa 	(dib-pa), pf. of sgrib  SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST covered.
bsgribs pa'i lung du mi ston pa 	SANST to abstain from obscure prediction: dge mi dge gang yang min pa la lung ma bstan : do not prophesy or predict what is not known either to be good or bad.
bsgrims pa 	(dim-pa) (spras pa ) brtan brtan byas pa , v. sgrim pa 3 perverted skill; also chaotic acquirements; confused information.  (EEE The headword in the original is given as sgribms pa  bsgrims pa, which is an impossible combination.  The transposed letters have been corrected here.)
bsgrun pa 	skin to 'gran  SANST, to rival, vie with; to reply to: bsgrin mi phod  = 'gran zla byed mi nus pa  cannot compete or be a match for.
bsgreng 	= btsugs pa , rgyal mtshan lta bu  SANST, SANST, SANST up-lifted; hoisted.
bsgrengs 	(deng), pf. of sgreng , imp. sgrengs shig , bsgrengs bya'i rgyal mtshan , a flag that is to be hoisted (Situ. 77).
bsgres 	(de) (bsgre ) old, aged; sku bsgres , de bgras mu yab bsgres  (Ya-sel.). dbu chos bsgres rim  aged respectable lama.
bsgres pa 	SANST changed.
bsgres yas 	a numerical figure used in Buddhist astrology.
nga 	I: is the fourth consonant of the Tibetan alphabet.  It corresponds to the Sanskrit letter SANST and sounds like ng in the English word "song."  As final the pronunciation is therefore easy enough; but in its frequent occurrence as an initial letter the difficulty of sounding it properly comes in.  As an initial nga  must be pronounced as a nasal g.  To acquire the sound, first say un-ga; and then, dropping the u, try to say the nga.  II: 1. it represents the numerical figure 4.  2. stands for lnga bcu  in consecutive numbers nga gcig  51; nga gnyis  52; nga gsum  53: nga bzhi  54; nga lnga  55; nga drug  56; nga bdun  57; nga brgyad  58; nga dgu  59.  III: in mystical Buddhism is symbolical of the dissolution of all Samskara (combinations either phenomenal or material).  nga zhes pa ni 'du byed thams cad zhig pa'i mtshan nyid do| "the term nga  is the sign of the synthesis of all matters which phenomenally exist in a compounded state" (K. my. ka 207).  nga ni 'dzin pa med pa'i sgo||'dzin bral thams cad grol bar ston| (K. g. wa 42) "nga  is symbolical of the state where there is no cohesion; it explains that all that are without adherence (attachment) will be liberated."  IV: SANST pers. pron., first person, singular I: nga mi rgan  old man that I am; nga rgyal po srong btsan sgom po dang  "I with srong btsan sgam po "; bla ma nga  I the Lama.  nga'i  or nga yi  my, mine: nga'i yid 'od  my charming (wife), i.e., dearest; nga yi yin  = bdag gi yin  it is mine; mi nga'i rnam shes  soul of me a man; nga'i 'di  this my; nga'i rje btsun  my venerable master.  Colloq.  the common form for nga  is nga rang  "I."
nga kho na 	I myself; I alone.
nga nged 	nga nyid , nga rang , SANST, SANST, SANST I myself.  Syn. kho bo .
nga cag 	nga tsho , nga rnams , are the several plurals of nga  signifying we.
ngas 	for nga yis  by me, v. nga 3.
nga rgyal 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST (lit. "I, the chief ") i.e., pride, arrogance: nga rgyal gyi sgang la yon tan gyi chu mi chags| "on the height of pride the water of merit does not accumulate"; nga rgyal skyed pa  to be proud.  nga rgyal gcog pa  to break (another's) pride; to humble; nga'o snyam pa'i nga rgyal  = the pride of assertion of self; lit. the pride of reflecting "I am."  Syn. rgyags ; dregs ; 'phyar gYeng snyems ; mngon pa'i nga rgyal ; nga ldan  (Moon.).
nga rgyal can 	SANST, SANST, SANST; proud, boastful; rivalling.  Syn. nga rgyal ldan ; dregs ldan  (Moon.).
nga rgyal las kyang nga rgyal 	supreme pride.
nga phod 	n. of a district in the province of Kong-po (Loo. 'a, 16).
nga ba 	= ya nga ba  SANST  1. bad; dangerous; fearful.  2. rarely for ngan pa  bad; dri nga ba  a bad smell.
nga med 	SANST lit. without self; without vanity; not thinking of one's self or self-interest.
nga men chos po 	(he who is personified by worldliness), the name by which Mara, the lord of worldliness of the Buddhists, is known to the Bon (B. Nam.).
nga ngur 	a species of duck, v. ngur pa 3, perh. Anas casarca.
nga shi 	lit. I die; cry of fear with wonder; evidently a Bengali expression of wonderó"SANST or SANST I die, alas! I die." which Atisa introduced in Tibetanóaa tsi nga shi rgya gar na da dung ngo mtshar can gyi gtam yod| (A. 107) "Oh, I die from wonder! yet there are wonderful stories in India (to be told)."
nga mo 	for rnga mo  the camel: khur ba ngur skyer drangs shing nga mo mgyog| the camel, grunting with loads, travels quickly (Jig. 22).
nga 'tsheng 	self-sufficient or self-sufficiency; pride; egotism (A. 90).
nga yir med 	SANST want of selfishness: nga yir 'dzin pa  = bdag gir 'dzin pa  or gang zag bdag tu 'dzin pa  the cognition of personality which may be styled the self or bdag .
nga ra 	1. noise; sound.  2. cold air: nga gangs kyi nga ras mi 'jigs  I am not afraid of the air of the glaciers (Mil.).
nga ra can 	1. loud, noisy, roaring.  2. a crier, brawler, noisy fellow.  II: rarified; cold.
nga ra thang 	n. of a place in Tibet: spur zangs de kha phye bas skad ngar ra ra zer bas yul de'i ming yang nga ra thang du btags| (Jig. 65) when the lid of the copper coffin was opened, there came out from it the cry oa ra-ra; hence the name of that place became known as Na-ra-thao.
ngar ra ra 	expression of extreme pain and suffering.
nga ru 	n. of a place in Ancient Tibet, which Hod, one of the four sons of King Se-sbreg-pa, had chosen for his residence.  (Deb. ga, 19).
nga ro 	SANST  1. a deep voice; a cry; skad kyi nga ro drag zhan  the pitch of the voice loud and low.  2. = visarga, i.e., Ha.  dbyangs thung ba lnga'i mthar thig le nga ro yod pa dbyangs| at the end of the five short vowels, there being the visarga dots (they should be regarded as a) vowel (Ya-sel. 47).  3. seng ge dang stag gi ngar skad| the roaring sound of the lion or the tiger: stag gi ngar skad 'don pa ni||spre'u shing gi rtse nas lhung | the tiger's growl issuing forth, the monkey drops down from the top of the a tree; skad kyi nga ro chen pos bsgrags so| they proclaimed, shouting at the top of their voice; gdug pa'i nga ro  voices foreboding mischief; kye hud kyi nga ro 'bod pa  to raise woeful cries.  (EEE the sign shown for the visarga in the original edition is Y, but this is the sign for terma; the sign for a visarga is correctly shown above.)
nga ro sgrog pa 	1. to roar; to rage.  2. the circlet used on the top of a letter to signify ma  turns into nga , nya .  na  and ma  before words beginning with any of these.
nga ro byin pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST crying; bewailing; to cry or bewail loudly on account of pain or grief.
nga la nu 	also nga las nu  SANST n. of a mythological king who ruled as a Chakravarti-raja over heaven and earth and shared the celestial throne with six successive Indras.  N. of an ancestor of Gautama Buddha: byis pas nu ma nga la nu gsungs pa la brten ming yang nga la nu zhes grags so| the child having cried "give me suck," was called Oa-la-nu (Pag. 14).
ngag 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST speech; talk; word; ngag gi nyes pa  sins committed with the tongue (in words); ngag 'jam po  polite speech; gentle words; ngag sdom pa  SANST or ngag bcad pa  SANST silence, observed as a monastic duty or religious exercise; the vow of not speaking, i.e., of keeping silence for a definite time.  Syn. tshig ; sgra brjod pa ; dbyangs can ; gtam ; lo rgyus ; skad smra ba  (Moon.).  (EEE ngag sdom pa  above appears on superficial viewing to be ngag sngom pa  in the original but a drop out in the original printing seems to have occured; the above rendering is correct.)
ngag skyes 	SANST born or produced from speech.
ngag 'khyal 	SANST, SANST, SANST delirium; unconnected speech; foolish talk; ravings (Oag.).
ngag gi rgyal po 	SANST; 'jam dbyangs  the Bodhisattva MaÒjusri ghora, who is believed by Buddhists to be the god of speech; ngag gi rgyan  SANST a figure of rhetoric or speech; gen. amplification of an idea by the use of apt expressions; ngag gi phyag rgya  SANST the symbolic speech or mode of expression by the configuration of the fingers; this is described as gsang ba'i brda skad bshad pa gtso bo  mystical language in which expression by signs, i.e., with the configuration of the fingers, forms the principal feature; ngag gi dbang phyug , SANST the lord of speechóJam-yang or MaÒjusri ghora: ngag gi dbang phyug 'jam pa'i dbyangs la phyag 'tshal lo| salutation of Jampai-yang, the prince of speech (Situ. 3); ngag gi dbul  one poor in spech; a dumb person; v. lkug pa 3 (Moon.).
ngag 'gros 	manner of speaking or uttering words (Cs.).
ngag rgyas pa 	SANST too much talking; full and detailed discussion.
ngag rgyun 	SANST a discourse; also oral tradition, not recorded history.
ngag 'chal 	= ngag 'khyal  irregular or senseless speech.  Syn. 'chal tshig ; cha med gtam ; klag cor ; bab col ; mu cor  (Moon.).
ngag snyan 	1. = as met. the cuckoo.  2. pleasant voice or sweet language; one who speaks in sweet language.
ngag gtam 	verbal message; also oral tradition.
ngag bsdams pa 	SANST, SANST one who has controlled his speech or tongue.
ngag 'dab 	or ngag gi 'dab ma  (lit. the leaf of speech) SANST the organ of tasting; ro 'dzin  the tongue, v. lce 3: (Moon.).
ngag 'don pa 	SANST to express in words; to cry; to speak.
ngag ldan 	SANST, SANST eloquent; possessed of (the power of) speaking.
ngag byed 	SANST; the speaker.
ngag dbang 	a title of learning given to some of the Grand Lamas of Tibet.  Is also the first name of the present or 14th Dalai Lama of Lhasa.
ngag dbang ye shes rgya mtsho 	the Lama who with the help of Lhabzao, King of the country round lake Kˆkˆnor, conducted the Government of Tibet for thirteen years (Loo. 'a, 16).
ngag dbang lha mo 	SANST the goddess of speech; dbyangs can ma  an epithet of Sarasvati (Moon.).
ngag sbyor 	SANST arrangement of speech (Cs.).
ngag ma 	SANST the speech itself.
ngag ma tshang ba 	= lhug pa  SANST  1. one of imperfect or defective or speech; a stupid person.  2. indistinct speech.
ngag mi ldan 	a dumb person; also one who cannot express himself in clear language.  Syn. lhug pa ; tshig mi gsal ; sems bem po  (Moon.).
ngag med 	SANST meditation; a state in which there is no use of speech.
ngag tshab 	representation in writing: ngag tshab kyi rdo tshig  the principal points in a representation or petition.
ngag mtshungs 	SANST of uniform and consistent speech, i.e., where there is no contradiction, redundancy, or irrelevancy.
ngag yid 	SANST the speech and the heart.
ngag lam zhu ba 	to apply, or pray to, verbally.
ngag gsher 	in vulg. kha gsher  or gdong gsher , in Sikk. cross-examination; also deposition of the plaintiff and defendant in the presence of each other.
ngag shor 	committing to words; a promise.
ngag gsal 	SANST, SANST clear speech or lucid language.
ngag lha mo 	SANST the Goddess of Speech.
ngang 	I: = klong  or dbyings  SANST  1. the nature, being, idiosyncracy; the very essence of any person or thing.  2. sphere; province; domain: stong pa'i ngang  = stong pa'i dbyings  the essentiality of vacuity (Sunyata): nam mkha'i ngang  the sphere of the void space: sems kyi ngang  = sems kyis dbyings  the natural constitution of the mind: thugs mnyes bzhin pa'i ngang la  in a cheerful state of the mind (Thgr.); stong pa'i ngang nyid  the very essence of vacuity itself (Glr.): ting nge 'dzin gyi ngang la zhugs pa  to enter into the state of deep meditation: chags med kyi ngang la gnas par gyis| continue in that state of mind which is free from attachment, etc.: 'jigs skrag gi ngang nas 'chi ba| to die of fear or panic.  II: character; disposition: ngang ngan  or ngang rgyud ngan pa  a naturally bad disposition; ngang rgyud bzang po  a naturally good disposition (Sch.; J‰.).
ngas gis 	adv. spontaneously; naturally; also, acc. to J‰. and Schr., slowly, gradually, gently.
ngang can 	natural capacity; gtong pa'i ngang can  SANST one who is naturally capable of renouncing or giving up; able to abandon.  ngang nas  is generally used like sgo nas .
ngang bag yod 	naturally modest: ngang bag yod kyi sgo nas tshul khrims| his moral character in regard to his natural modesty (A. 53).
ngang ma thung 	do not be short-tempered: kho bos mkha' 'gro ma la zhu yis ngang ma thung zer nas| when I had said to the kha-do-ma "pray be not short-tempered" (Hbrom. 93).
ngang tshul 	natural disposition or temperament; ngang tshul bzang po   1. good conduct; a naturally good disposition.  2. n. of a Buddhist sage and author of Ancient India, included in the list of twenty-three sages (M.V.).
ngang ring 	or ngang rgyud ring ba  forbearing; long-suffering; of cool nature: don chen grub pa ngang ring |byed dgos| in accomplishing important business one should work with great patience.
ngang pa 	SANST the male goose.
ngang rkang 	SANST that which waddles.
ngang skya 	SANST grey teal of Tibet.  Syn. pad zlum mgrin .
ngang sgro 	the quill of the goose.
ngang ngur 	SANST the ruddy goose, really Tadorna rutila, the sheldrake.
ngang pa gser ldan 	1. the yellow or golden goose.  2. rta ngang pa gser ldan khyer shog gsungs| he said "fetch the horse called Oao-pa gser-ldan" (Yig.).
ngang pa'i rgyal po 	the "king goose" and flamingo; also the plant Jasminum zambac.
ngang pa'i nags 	a mythological grove called the swan's grove (as) situated beyond the Cuckoo's hill on this side of the ocean.  It is filled with numberless flocks of ducks, geese and swans, with bills of coral, ruby, sapphire, and other precious stones.  The lakes in that grove are filled with lotuses of the colour of glittering gold; and the grove extends over ten thousand miles (K. d. ra 272).
ngang pa'i tshogs 	SANST a flock of wild geese.
ngang mo 	SANST a goose.
ngad 	I: nice smell; aroma fragrance: ngad yal  the fragrancy, the aroma evaporates; sngo ngad  aromatic herbs.  Syn. bsung ; bsung ngad   II: acc. to J‰. cog. to nga ra  air; spos kyi ngad ldan pa  the rising of an aromatic breeze; also vapour; kha ngad  vapour from the mouth; also snowy vapour; chu ngad  aqueous vapour.
ngad can 	fragrant; also acc. to J‰.  1. fresh, cool.  2. rough, impetuous.
ngad bzang 	good smell: phebs tshogs ga bur gyi ngad bzang yang nas yang du yod pa mkhyin| let the breeze of your letters laden with the aroma of camphor come again and again to me, i.e., pray write me often.
ngan 	evil; mischief; misfortune; defilement: ngan chen po byas| it has done great mischief; esp. harm done by sorcery and witchcraft; ngan du brjod pa  to revile (a person).
ngan 'gro 	I: SANST going or about to go to the undesirable state, i.e., the state of the dammed, comprising those in hell and those wandering about in distorted forms.  II: SANST  1. one who follows the dictates of his wife and is led by the nose by her in all his works.  2. SANST dissimulation.  III: SANST lightning.
ngan dgu 	all kinds of evil or mischief.
ngan skyes 	SANST of low birth; also SANST lit. anything produced from the soil and manure; the planet Mars.
ngan rgyu can 	one who does mischief, speaks ill of others; ngan rgyu can med  one that does not speak evil of anybody (A. 139).
ngan ngon 	SANST, SANST sordid, vile, mean, pitiful: ngan ngon tsam gyi dad pa  or ngan ngon tsam gyi chog shes pa  SANST to be satisfied with anything be it ever so little or poor; = 'dod pa chung ba  unambitious.
ngan rnyed 	SANST  1. scabby; itchy.  2. unchaste; libidinous.
ngan thabs 	= phra ma  or khram pa  SANST, SANST vile language; mean, vulgar conversation; abuse.
ngan 'debs pa 	to curse, execrate; mthu ngan 'debs pa  to curse by means of witchcraft; cf. mngan 3.
ngan na ba 	the bad.
ngan pa 	I: SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST bad; miserable; poor; wicked; ugly; also a scoundrel, slanderer, rogue; the vile, vulgar, low, mean.   II: 1. excrement; ordure; manure: ngan pa rgyab pas shin tu gsob par 'ong | by the use of manure the soil becomes very fertile.  Syn. mi gtsang ma ; skyag pa  (Moon.).
ngan pa brjod pa 	SANST to blaspheme.
ngan pa gnya' rengs 	a stiff-necked villain (Rtsii. 13).
ngan pa dpung bsdebs 	conspirators; evil-minded men who intrigue, form a league to do mischief to others.
ngan spong skyes 	= dga' byed dgra sta can  or ngan spong bu  Parasu Rama; rdul can ma'i bu  the son of Rdul-can-ma (Moon.); an epithet of Sukra and also of the planet Venus (gza' pa sangs ).
ngan bu +	in earlier Tibetan the word ngan bu  was used in the place of the modern expression phran  or phran bdag , my humble or little self.
ngan bya ba 	SANST reproached; deceived; cheated.
ngan smra 	SANST, SANST notoriety; bad reputation; disgrace.
ngan bzos ma byas pa 	SANST not reclaimed; made useless.
ngan gYo 	= khram pa  or phram  SANST hypocrisy (Moon.); ngan gYo can  or (gYo sgy u ngan pa can ) SANST  1. a hypocrite; a fox  2. of a low caste.
ngan rings ma 	also ngang rings  SANST procrastinating, delaying; always throwing a duty or anything to a distance.
ngan rog 	= ngan rnyed .
ngan lam 	= lang la shor ba   1. bad habit, indulgence in any kind of work, behaviour, or eating, of a degrading nature.  2. n. of a place in Tibet (Deb. ga, 2).
ngan shi 	SANST death from starvation or from an accident or epidemic or plague, etc.; any person or animal that has died from starvation.
ngan sel 	that which removes the defilement and purifies: ngan sel zhes pa rtsa ku sha||dur pa dang ni chu yi ming | oan-sel is a term for water and also for tufts of kusa and dub grass (Moon.).  (EEE the original gives dur pa  as shown above but it should at least be dur ba .  The Sanskrit intended is dUƒ , durva.)
ngan song 	SANST those actually gone to damnation.
ngan gso 	to feed and foster persons or animals that have suffered from starvation.
ngan hrul 	low and destitute; delapidated; decomposed: mi ser ngan hrul rnams thor skyon| "(agricultural) tenants who have become scattered and destitute" (Rtsii.).
ngam dkar 	grey colour; not very white.
ngam grog 	= gYangs  SANST steep ravines with precipitous eroded bank, which are impassable and inhospitable in aspect.  Acc. to Cs. a torrent; acc. to Sch. the bank of river grown ridgy and steep by having been gradually washed out by currents.
ngag grog chen po 	SANST a poetic name of Tibet which is called ngam grog che , the country of deep ravines.
ngam pa 	SANST  1. arrogance.  2. SANST a ravine.
ngam mthong can 	SANST a proud, bumptious person; one who assumes the appearance of greatness.
ngam dur can 	given to gluttony and drinking (J‰.).
ngam ring 	n. of a district in Upper Tsang with a fort and monastery subject to Tashi-lhunpo.
ngam ru 	n. of a disease (Med.).
ngam shing 	n. of a snake-demi god of the nether regions.
ngam shugs 	= rang shugs  as a matter of course; by one's own force (of nature) or accord.
ngam shod 	1. = steng 'og  upper and lower: de nas mched de ngam shod thams cad chur song | thence spreading over inundated the upper and lower parts (of the country) (A. 92).  2. n. of a place in Lhokhaóthe south-eastern district of the province of ‹ (Loo. 'a 5): ma shod snad  the lower part of ngam shod  (Deb. ga, 19).
ngar 	1. fore side; front side; ngar gdong  front surface; forepart, esp. of the leg, the shin-bone, also knuckle; lag ngar  forearm; rkang ngar  lower part of the leg; rje ngar  acc. to J‰. an appellation for both.  2. termin. of nga  'to one's self'; ngar 'dzin  SANST; nga yir 'dzin pa  = bdag 'dzin  pride; selfishness; self interest.  3. ngar 'don pa  to set on or against; to instigate.
ngar skad 	the sound of the roaring of lions, etc.
ngar ngar po 	hoarse, husky, wheezing, e.g., in old age (Thgy.); ngar glud  hoarseness and phlegm (Med.); gre ba ngar ba  a hoarse throat (Med.; J‰.); ngar ngar 'khun sgra  a hoarse groaning.
ngar snabs 	mucus of the nose.
ngar pa 	stalk of plants (Med.).
ngar ba 	1. strength; vigour; hardness (of steel); gri sogs kyi ngar 'jam po  the hard or soft temper of (the metal of) knife; etc.  2. cold; frost; cold wind (Mil.); (cf. nga ra 3) ngar ldud pa  to steel; to temper.
ngar can 	1. strong; vigorous.  2. ductile; ngar ldan  id., sems ngar ldan , strong-minded; ngar med  weak; soft.
ngar po 	grim; strong; ferocious, (of beasts) (J‰.).
ngar blud 	sbst.  1. valour and strength: dpa' ba'i ngar blud kha ltas khyab par bya  the valour of a hero is indicated in his face (physiognomy).  2. vb. ngar blud pa  or ngar btang ba  to temper and sharpen a steel-weapon or instrument.
ngar 'bol 	strong in quality; ja'i mdog dmar po ngar 'bol po yod pa  the red colour of tea is its strength.
ngar ma 	1. irritable, passionate, impetuous (Sch.).  2. strong powerful, e.g., a powerful protection (Mil., J‰.).
ngar 'dzin 	v. ngar 3.
ngal ba 	SANST, SANST fatigue; weariness; resp. sku ngal ba  also yongs ngal  SANST; thugs ngal ba  or mnyel ba  tired mentally; SANST, SANST, SANST to be fatigued, wearied; prostrate with exercise of the body.  Syn. thang chad pa ; dub pa ; ngal dub pa  (Moon.).
ngal rken pa 	(nad ) SANST a kind of disease.  [1. a kind of white leprosy.  2. weariness, languor]S.
ngal chad pa 	to be prostrate by fatigue.
ngal 'jug pa 	vb. a. to tire; to cause to be weary.
ngal stegs 	I: a rest; a sort of wooden crutch to support a load on the back while resting in a standing posture.  II: or ngal tshugs  a bench or seat inviting repose.  Syn. bsti ba ; sdod pa  (Moon.).
ngal dub pa 	intensive form of ngal ba , to be very tired.
ngal phong 	fatigued; become tired.
ngal med 	SANST not wearied; untired; untiring.
ngal 'tsho 	refreshment.
ngal gso ba 	lit. to cure weariness; to take rest: SANST, SANST, SANST rest, resting.
ngal gsos 	SANST met. for an ascetic.
ngi 	num. fig. 34.
ngu 	1. num. fig. 64.  2. v. ngu ba 3.
ngu ba 	SANST, SANST to cry; to weep; pf. ngus , resp. shum pa|ngus pa'i mchi ma , tears that have been shed (Dzl.); ga chad ngus pa  weeping without a cause; hysterical weeping (Med.); ngu ba po  a weeper; ngu mkhan  id.
ngu 'dod 	SANST wishing to cry; going to weep.
ngu bro 	was about to cry or weep.
ngu 'bod 	1. bewailing; crying or weeping loudly.  2. SANST n. of a hell: ngu 'bod chen po  SANST the hell greater in suffering than Raurava.
ngu rdza 	W. sbst. a loud crying; bawling out; lamenting (J‰.).
ngu ru 	teal.
ngu ru 'jug pa 	to cause to weep.
ngu shur can 	acc. to Sch. a child that is continually crying.
ngud mo 	a sob (Cs.; Schr.).
ngug pa 	= ngur ba  to grunt; to snore; to purr.
ngur sgra can 	that which grunts; a pig; a yak.
ngur pa 	SANST, esp. the red wild duck, Anas nyroca.  Syn. shing rta'i lus ; 'khor lo can ; gnyis gnyis  od ; mtshan mo 'bral ; 'dod pa ldan ; co ka ; 'dab chags gser ldan  (Moon.).
ngur pa chen po 	1. sheldrake.  2. n. of a celebrated Lama of Tibet mentioned in the Moon (Deb.).
ngur ba 	to grunt (of pigs and yaks).
ngur ka 	as red as fire; fiery-red (J‰.).
ngur smrig 	SANST is described as gur gum gyi mdog dmar ser  reddish yellow; saffron-colour.
ngur smrig gos 	the robe of an ordained monk which ought to be, but is not often so in Tibet, of orange-colour; he who wears the reddish-yellow; a Buddhist mendicant dressed in reddish-yellow clothes.  (EEE the headword is gien in the original as ngur snag gos  our smrig gos, the transliteration clearly being correct.)
ngur smrig chen po 	= ngur smrig 'dzin pa  SANST a great Buddhist monk; a monk who is great on account of his orange robe.  (EEE the original gives ngur smrag 'dzin pa  which is clearly incorrect for ngur smrig 'dzin pa  given above.)
nge 	num. fig. 94.
nged 	SANST pers. pron. first person, sing. in C. for nga , I; nged kyi  my or mine; nged rnams kyi  our.
nged nyid 	= nged kho na , nged rang  I myself; we ourselves.
nged gnyis 	we two; nged spun gsum  we three brothers.
nged rnams 	nged cag , nged tsho , nged dag  are variously used for the plural of nged  to signify we.
nged rang 	I, or I myself.
nges kha rag 	n. of place in Tibet (Deb. ga 25).
nges pa 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST certain, true, sure, firm; also truth, reality, certainty: bdag la nges pa zhig stsal du gsol  I ask you to communicate to me something certain, i.e., authentic news: 'chi ba nges  death is certain (J‰.); rtsis 'phro la nges pa  to be sure of a mathematical calculation, i.e., to hold it as a certain result.  Syn. bden pa ; mi bslu pa ; rdzun po ma yin pa  (Moon.).
nges khyab 	SANST; = khyab bya'i yul phyi nang gang rgya che chung la  the proportion of space inside a country to that which is outside, whether large or small; khyab byed gang gis nges par khyab pa  that which is fully encompassed or covered over by another object is called khyab-byed.
nges grol 	SANST, SANST = nges par grol , i.e., 'khor ba dang nad sdug bsngal las grol| liberation from the transmigratory existence, disease, and suffering.
nges 'gro 	transmigration; nges par 'gro ngan song mtho ris dag zhing sogs su| return to another state of existence after death, either to hell or heaven, or to any non-earthly place.
nges rgyal 	= nges par rgyal  SANST certain victory; triumph.  dgra bdud nyon mongs las  triumph over enemies, the devil and misery, is described as oes rgyal.
nges sgra 	SANST a real sound; sems la nges pa'i sgra thos pa  any sound that has made an impression in the mind.
nges sgrogs 	SANST emphasis; any proclamation; reading letters or sacred writings loudly that there may not be any mistake about them.
nges cher med 	it is not quite sure; I do not know for certain.
nges 'jug pa 	SANST assurance; to assure; dge ba dang sdig pa'i las sogs la nges 'jug pa  to enter on good and bad actions.
nges 'joms 	fully subduing an enemy, the devil, etc.
nges brjod 	a true and authoritative expression; nges brjod kyi rig byed| SANST the Rig-veda; true sayings or revelations.
nges nyam 	the certain fall or degeneration.
nges thob 	SANST the real or certain gain; it is explained thus: 'jig rten kyi nor rdzas sam|go sa sogs sangs rgyas kyi sa lam| go 'phang sogs nges par thob| oes-par-thob is the gaining of wealth, honour, or sainthood, Buddha-hood, the stages to it, &c.
nges dag 	SANST = nges par dag  purification; cleansing; skyon dang dri ma sdig sgrib sogs dag pa  sure cleansing of faults, defilements, stains, sins, etc.
nges don 	SANST; = nges pa'i don  or don dam pa  certain and true meaning or import; also immediate or absolute knowledge of the truth.
nges gdung 	SANST = nges par gdung pa  anything that gives sure pain: sdug bsngal dang nyon mongs kyi me dang nyi mas nges par gdung ba  misery and sufferings which like fire and rays of the sun burn with certainty.
nges snang 	= dngos po mtshungs  or 'dra ba  similar things; also similarity in things (Moon.).
nges pa can 	real; actual.
nges pa nyid du 	in reality; truly; in truth; really.
nges pa'i phung po 	SANST = nges pa thams cad  all things perceivable and realisable: dper na gzugs kyi phung po zer na gzugs su gyur pa thams cad bsdus pa lta bu| for example, rupa-skandha signifies all that has been transmuted into bodily form collected together.
nges par 	SANST, SANST adv. certainly; surely; really; to be sure.  Syn. gor ma chag pa  (Moon.).
nges par kun sbyin 	SANST removal; nges par 'gro ba kun la sbyin pa'am| giving in charity to all living beings; yang rang gi dngos po kun nges par sbyin na| or consists in giving over one's properties to others.
nges par skye ba 	sure produce or infallible results; for instance bslabs pa las yon tan nges par skye ba  from study knowledge is the sure result; bsgoms pa las rtogs pa  from meditation true thought (enlightenment) is produced; snon lam gyi dbang gis dag zhing du  from the power of resolute will, birth in a happier state is ensured; las kyi dbang gis nges par skye  by force of las (i.e. of Karma) one is born in the transmigratory state; rgyu las 'bras bu 'khor  from cause fruit is evolved.
nges par dga' ba 	perfect satisfaction; to be really pleased.
nges par 'gugs 	SANST the act of bringing under one's own sure possession or power any wished-for property or person by the exercise of occult powers.
nges par 'gyur ba 	= ma 'ongs pa  SANST the future; that will be; that is destined to come.
nges par 'gro ba 	SANST to go to certainty, i.e., to Nirvana or emancipation from the sufferings of the world.
nges par rgyal ba 	to be completely victorious; to bring a certain thing or person under one's command or control.
nges par brgal ba 	= mthar phyin pa  SANST one who has arrived at a sure conclusion; one who has attained to an absolute state; one who has been saved or emancipated.
nges par gcod pa 	lit. to cut sure; to make certain; SANST something that will certainly happen; nges par chod  to prevent the occurrence of ominous events by means of mystical charms.
nges par 'jug pa 	to establish firmly.
nges par mnyan byas 	= khas blangs pa  anything promised; an undertaking (Moon.).
nges par rtogs pa 	or phye ste rtag pa  SANST true investigation; same as legs par rtogs pa  SANST, to arrive at the truth of a thing or in a wider sense to reflect on the true signification or import of a word or expression, as to whether the right conclusion has been arrived at, etc.
nges par brtan pa 	SANST, SANST certainty; the state free from sin; the state of reality.
nges par bstan pa 	SANST established religion or doctrine.
nges par gnod mdzad 	lit. one who really does mischief; SANST an epithet of a deity of wrathful mien.
nges par brnags pa 	= nges par bsams pa  to be convinced of a thing or occurrence; conviction.
nges par spangs pa 	SANST perfect renunciation.
nges par byed pa 	to fix, settle, establish; to make certain.
nges par 'byin pa 	SANST to be evolved; to draw or pull out.
nges par 'byung bas brtan 	SANST = khor ba las nges par 'byung bas brtan| based upon the certain liberation from transmigratory existence; acc. to Schtr. deliverance from the round of transmigration.
nges par 'byed pa'i cha dang mthun pa'i rim bzhi 	SANST the four distinct orders agreeing with the analytical stages of saintly perfection are:- (1) dro bar gyur ba  SANST process of moral development; (2) rtse mo  SANST the climax, i.e., reaching the crowning stage; (3) bzod pa  SANST perfect patience; (4) 'jig rten pa'i chos kyi mchog  SANST the highest worldly good.
nges par sbyor 	SANST permanently-engaged or fully-employed.
nges par 'dzin pa 	SANST holding firmly; to be convinced.
nges par bzung 	SANST lit. held fast; brought under discipline.
nges par legs pa 	SANST really blessed and good; deliverance from transmigratory existence; summum bonum.
nges par sems pa 	to make up the mind; to form a resolution; nges par sems pa byed  to ascertain.
nges po 	SANST the certain, fixed; the inevitable.
nges spel 	or nges par spel  SANST real progress; rigs rgyud dang bstan pa nges spel  advancement or spread of family and religion.
nges 'bab 	SANST a veritable event.
nges 'byung 	SANST one of the three principal ways to Nirvana that are called lam gyi gtso bo rnam gsum .  It is described as 'khor ba la zhe log nas yid skyob| repentance caused by disgust at worldly matters.  sems can kun la yongs pa'i rgyu mtshan zhus pas nges 'byung drag po skyes .  Having inquired the whole of what would happen to all living beings, a strong aversion to matters worldly arose.  (EEE zhe log  above in the original should be zhen log )
nges med 	1. n. of a number.  2. uncertain; undefined; homeless.
nges snod 	SANST curse.
nges tshig 	SANST, SANST lit. real term; real signification; real meaning.
nges tshogs 	SANST many; a multitude.
nges shes skyes 	birth of faith, also the growth of the knowledge of reality in the mind; full faith in the doctrine of retribution (Karma and Phala).
nges gsal 	SANST elucidation.
nges yam shung 	n. of a place in Tibet (Deb. ga 25).
ngo 	I: num. fig. 124.  II: SANST, resp. zhal ngo , face; countenance; air; look; the original.  bdag gi ngo la gzigs nas  when (she, my mother) shall have seen my face; rang gi phu bo rnams kyi ngo bsrungs dgos| you must watch the looks of your elder brothers.
ngo kro 	n. of a capitation tax (Yig.); lit. tax on the face, i.e., head-tax.
ngo dkar po 	a cheerful face.
ngo bskyod pa 	to go or move personally.
ngo lkog 	adj. public and private; open and secret.  (EEE the original has ngo skog  for the headword, this has been corrected to ngo lkog  in accordance with the meaning and the transliteration oo-lkog provided in the original.)
ngo khral 	SANST poll-tax.
ngo grangs 	= dngos grangs  individual number; enumeration of individual things.
ngo che 	personal appreciation; recognition of one's service or kindness: lo tsAa bas dka' ba dpag tu med pa mdzad nas ngo che lags de zhus bas kyang ma gnang | (A. 103) the Lo-tsa-wa (on the ground of) having undergone immeasureable hardships, prayed for the acceptance of his request, but it was not acceded to.
ngo chen 	(lit. the great self) a man of influence; ngo chen byed pa  to intercede (only men of higher position being able to intercede); mi la ngo chen 'tshol ba  to seek a great man to intercede; to seek intervention.
ngo ltos 	= dpon gYog  master and his servant.
ngo stod 	praise to the face of a person; open flattery.
ngo thog 	true; genuine; really.
ngo thon pa 	= ngo so yod pa  one in rank or position; to rise to dignity.
ngo mthon pa +	= nan gyis  earnestly; pressingly; with persistence.
ngo nag 	SANST  1. "black-face"; ngo nag par 'dug pa  to sit with a gloomy face: ngo nag par 'gyur pa  to grow sorrowful; to turn dark with fright, pain, etc.  2. n. of an Asura; ngo gngs te  frowning or becoming gloomy with sorrow.  3. n. of one of the 28 "curious religious sects" of Ancient India, followers of which used to paint their faces black (M.V.).
ngo gnong ba 	to be ashamed; unable to show one's face for shame.
ngo sprod pa 	to identify; to point out; acc. to J‰. to lay open the features; to show the nature of a thing; to explain.
ngo bo 	SANST, SANST essence, substance; intrinsic nature; rang gi ngo bos  in itself; acc. to its own nature; by nature; naturally.  Syn. dngos po ; rang bzhin ; rang gzugs ; ngo bo nyid  (Moon.).
ngo bo nyid 	v. ngo bo 3.  sems kyi ngo bo nyid  temperament; acc. to Was. character.
ngo 'bab pa 	to be dejected; adj. discouraged; downcast; in W. bashful.
ngo ma 	the original. v. ngo 3.
ngo mi rtag pa 	unsteady; changeable; one who is vacillating; one who has no personality (Yig.).
ngo mi chod pa 	= ngo mi phod pa  or ngo mi bzlog pa  SANST one who listens to or does a thing to please another which he would not otherwise have done; to be unable to refuse or oppose.
ngo mi shes pa 	not knowing or recognizing; unknown; incognito.
ngo mig 	in W. boldness; ngo mig can  or ngo mig chen po  bold; courageous; daring (J‰.).
ngo med lkog med 	acc. to Cs. acting in the same manner in public as in private life; ingenuous.
ngo tsha 	SANST, SANST, SANST shame; blushing of the face: ngo tsha byas  pf. blushed; felt shame; ngo tsha ru 'jug pa  SANST to put to shame.  Syn. zhum byed ; mig dma' ; ngo dma' ; 'dzem mdog ; bag yod ; bag ldan ; ngo tsha shes ; khrel yod ; khrel ldan ; ngo tsha'i tshul can  (Moon.).
ngo tsha can 	one who has shame; is bashful.
ngo tsha ba 	or ngo tsha shes par byed pa  to feel shame; blush.
ngo tsha med 	or ngo tsha khrel med  shameless; immodest; impudent.  Syn. log par spobs ;  i brtol can ; dpral mgo stug po ; gdong chen can ; 'tsher ba med ; skyengs ba med ; mu cor tshugs med ; ngo mi bsrung ; gnong med  (Moon.).
ngo tshab 	= sku tshab  a representative; a proxy (Yig. k. 53).
ngo mtshar 	wonder ngo mtshar can  SANST wondering; wonderful; ngo mtshar che  amazement; ngo mtshar ba  exciting curiosity; to be curious; to wonder.
ngo rdzun rgyab pa 	to disguise; to put under a false garb; also to garble.
ngo gYog 	or ngo ma dang gYog po  = dpon gYog  master (himself) and servant.
ngo ru 	or ngor  in the face; = ngo rang du  in the face of; before the eyes.
ngo log mkhan 	a rebel, mutineer; ngo log can  seditious; faithless; rebellious.
ngo log pa 	= ngo zlog pa  to turn the face against; to revolt; to rebel against; to oppose.
ngo shus 	a copy from the original.
ngos shes pa 	SANST to know a person or thing; to recognize an acquaintance.
ngo so 	joy; sometimes for ngo bso  a high title or dignity: ngo so che bar 'ong  you will have great joy; he will obtain high dignity; sbyin pa ngo so byed pa  to make presents or give alms to another to his full satisfaction.
ngo srungs 	1. regard to the opinion of others; an aiming at applause.  2. body-guard: nga la dpon med gYog med ngo bsrung med  I have no master, no servant, none to guard me (A. 7).
ngo bos mthon po 	a high title or position; one in exalted position.
ngo bsod bya ba 	to praise one to the face; to flatter; to eulogise.
ngog 	n. of a place in Tibet where the monastery of Shong was founded by Lama Shes-rab-mchog of Myur (Deb. ga 4).
ngogs 	SANST the bank of a river or lake; 'jug ngogs  = chu ngogs  a place on the bank of a river where people crossing it; land.  Acc. to J‰. mountain side; slope; ghaut.   Syn. 'gram .
ngogs thob 	n. of a number (Ya-sel. 57).
ngom 	1. n. of a place in Tibet (Deb. ga 30).  2. satisfaction: ngom du rung ba zhig kho bos byed pa yin mod|  I indeed accomplished something very satisfactory (A. 152).
ngom pa 	pf. ngoms pa  SANST, SANST; nor ngoms lta bu  to satisfy one's self with gain; to be contented: ma ngoms  I am not satisfied; ngoms tshad 'thung ba  to drink one's fill.
ngoms pa 	sbst.  1. SANST contentment; satisfaction.  2. oblation for quenching the thirst of the Yidag.  3. a hermit; a recluse in the wilderness who enjoys contentment; ngoms pa med  insatiable: ngoms par 'gyur  SANST his thirst will be quenched; his desire will be fulfilled.  Syn. tshim pa ; chog pa ; yongs bsrung ; lag pa 'gebs pa  (Moon.).
ngor 	1. v. under ngo 3.  2. n. of a monastery of the Sa-skya-pa School; n. of a district in Tibet.
ngos 	SANST  1. side; margin; edge; surface; mdun ngos  front side; lho ngos  southern side or slope; ngos gcig  one side.  2. = ngang  in the state of: bde ba bzhugs pa'i ngos nas| while in the state of being happy; while prosperous; me long gi ngos  = me long gi logs  the surface of a mirror; sa'i ngos  the surface of the earth.  3. basis or foundation.
ngos rgyud 	= ngos brgyud  personally.
ngos 'byor rtags 	1. a receipt or sign of having received a thing.  2. original sign or signification.
ngos zin pa 	= dngos zin pa  vb.  1. to be selfish.  2. = ngos long  self interested: de bas rang skyon ngos long gsal por shod| there fore, clear of self-interest, confess your faults (Rdsa. 15).
ngos yangs 	SANST breadth.
ngos shus 	a copy from the original.
ngos su 	openly; publicly; plainly.
dngags snyan 	= ngag snyan 3 v. snyan dngags  SANST poetry; a poem.
dngng ba 	pf. dngngs  SANST, to be out of breath; to pant; to feel oppressed e.g., when plunged into cold water, but especially when frightened and terrified.  2. to be frightened; to fear; to be afraid of: ces dngngs nas  thus being affrighted.
dngngs skrag 	SANST, SANST in colloq. great fear; panic.  Syn. 'jigs skrag .
dngngs pa 	SANST  1. fear dngngs par gyur to| he became frightened.  Often pleonastically joined with skrag  or 'jigs  or with both.  2. = dri bral  SANST pure; clean.
dngan 'then pa 	misappropriation; not returning things taken away from another.
dngar 	or dngar ba   1. nectar; sometime used for mngar  sweet; dngar ro  sweet taste.  2. tshar du dngar ba  = gral bsgrigs  to put in order; to arrange properly.
dngud mo 	= ngud mo  (Sch.).
dngul 	SANST, SANST, SANST silver; money.  The kind of silver called mchog can  is imported into Tibet from Khorasan.  The silver current in Tibet consists of ingots, Indian rupees, and a thin native coin, the chˆ-tang or tang-ka.
dngul skam 	SANST oxide of mercury.
dngul skud 	silver-wire.
dngul sked 	silver-belt.
dngul kha 	SANST silver mine; silver vein; dngul kha 'don pa  to work a silver mine.
dngul khug 	or dngul sgy ig  money-bag; purse for silver coins.
dngul 'gag 	a silver cup or silver slate.
dngul rkyan 	goblet made of silver: dngul rkyan chang la dngul dam aa rag stod| silver goblet for beer and silver cup for arrack (Jig.).
dngul chu 	SANST, SANST quick silver.  Syn. 'ded byed ; 'phrog byed ; sa bon ; mes 'ching ; dngul byed ; dag pa'i khams ; khams chen po ; mtshal skyes ; rgyug byed  (Moon.).
dngul tig 	one of the six kind of bitters which are, viz.:- gser tig, zangs tig, dngul tig, lcags tig, sum bcu tig, gur tig, stated to possess wonderful healing virtues.
dngul rta mig ma 	silver ingots in the shape of a horse-hoof, weighing about 165 tolas or rupees imported into Tibet from China.
dngul dam 	wine-cup made of silver.
dngul dul ma 	silver-ink (Sch.).
dngul rdo 	SANST hÊmatite ore of iron; this term is also applied to a kind of stone on which silver is tested.  (EEE the original has húmatite but hÊmatite is correct.)
dngul phor 	wooden cup mounted with silver used by the higher classes in Tibet for drinking tea.
dngul rmig 	bar or ingot of silver.
dngul tshags 	silver-work on copper, brass, or iron; plating of silver on articles made of those metals.
dngul bzo 	SANST silversmith.
dngul 'o kha ma 	the purest silver imported into Tibet from China.
dngul li 	one tenth of the measure called hon .
dngul srang 	an ounce of silver; used as an equivalent of current money in Tibet, = to one Chinese tael.
dngo 	1. edge; also = chu yi ngogs  shore; bank.  2. = gri yi so  the edge of a knife; rta lcags kyi dngo | "edge of whip-cord"; lash of a whip (J‰.).  3. = gri ya  handle of a knife (Cs.).
dngom pa 	= dngom brjid  brightness, splendour.
dngom po 	= dngom can  shining; bright (Cs.); dngom che  very bright, cf. rngam pa 3.
dngos 	(in Gram.) SANST  1. original; reality; real; very self; dngos dang sgy u ma  reality and illusion; sangs rgyas dngos  the real Buddha; lha dngos  the real god (not the image); dngos  is equivalent to ngo thog  real; reality.  2. proper; genuine; true; positive (opp. to negative); dngos yod pa  personally present.  3. gtso  SANST chief, principal; dngos su  in bodily form, e.g., to appear bodily: 'a yig dngos su med kyang | even though the letter 'a is not actually written there.
dngos skyes 	personal present; le snam yug gi mtshon yig gsal gyi dngos skyes nyams med 'byor| one roll of fine serge, as specified in the letter, sent as a personal present has without damage arrived (Yig. k.).
dngos grub 	SANST  1. the accomplishment or acquisition of the real thing sought for; gen. perfection or excellence; anything superior; acc. to J‰. honour, riches, talents, and esp. wisdom, higher knowledge, and spiritual power, as far as they are not acquired by ordinary study and exercise, but have sprung from within spontaneously or in consequence of long and continued contemplation.  In Buddhism dngos grub  seems to denote consummation of worldly as well as spiritual objects.  Temporal acquirements are called thun mong gi dngos grub , general or ordinary consummation (in reference to material objects); the other is called mchog gi dngos grub , the supreme consummation, which is the attainment of Buddhahood, i.e., Nirvana.  The following are the eight ordinary doos-grub or thun mong gi dngos grub  as enumerated in the sacred books of the Northern Buddhists:- (1) ral gri'i dngos grub  the enchanted sword made so by some mystical religious process; for instance, if any one touching it wishes to acquire any object, merit, power, etc., he gets it; (2) ril bu'i dngos grub  efficacy of magical pills; by some religious charm medicated pills are made to possess wonderful healing properties; by their use one may become healthy and fine looking; (3) mig snan gyi dngos grub  a medicine for the eye by the use of which one is able to see things in an occult manner; (4) rkang mgyogs kyi dngos grub  the power of walking miraculously and swiftly, generally by the efficacy of some enchanted leaf or leaves; (5) bcud len gyi dngos grub  the magical elixir by using which an old man of eighty may look like a young man of twenty; (6) mkha'  od kyi dngos grub  the occult process of miraculously vanishing bodily into the state of the gods; (7) mi snang ba'i dngos grub  the power of miraculously disappearing from an assembly, etc., without being seen by anybody; (8) sa 'og gi dngos grub  the power of passing through a wall, mountain, or earthly barrier, without any difficulty.
dngos ngan 	= rid pa  or sped pa  SANST lean (in body); thin; emaciated.
dngos 'jug 	the matter or the subject of work (Tsa-tika.).
dngos rnyed 	real or substantial gain; also obtaining one's object; anxious: thoughtful.
dngos dod 	the original text; the principal part of a work.
dngos po 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST  1. property in gold or silver; substance; belongings; goods; furniture; utensils; article; position: ngas dngos po dmar dmar ster ba yin|  I have given cash, lit. red cash or gold: jo bo bud med dang 'brel ba'i dngos po gang yang phyag tu mi bzhes|  (A. 50) the Lord (Atisa) does not touch (receive) with his hand any article connected with (i.e., belonging to) woman.  dngos po med pa  immaterial, unreal; also worthless, poor, hollow; dngos po mtshan  SANST experience; dngos por byas pa  = rten du byas pa  SANST made material, substantial; dga' ba'i dngos po  object or matter of rejoicing.  2. occurrence, events action.  3. in Buddhism subject matter; properties; virtue: dngos po la bzhi'am dgu 'am nyi shu rtsa dgu'i dbang du byas nas chos rnams bsdus tsam ngas gang du bstan pa de ni mdo sde yin no| I have compiled subject matters classifying them under four, nine or twenty-nine heads, that is Sautranta, wherein I have explained religious matters.  (K. d ca 73).  (EEE the original has gang du pstan pa de ni mdo  but this is clearly mistaken for gang du bstan pa de ni mdo  as corrected above.)
dngos po sgrub pa 	to bring a thing about; to set it on foot or a-going; as a philosophical term, substance, matter; dngos por 'dzin pa  the belief in the reality of the existence of matter, holding it as simple and absolute.  In Buddhist ontology there are eight kinds of dngos po  SANST or states:- (1) rnam mkhyen  wisdom; (2) lam shes nyid  knowledge of the ways and means; (3) thams cad shes pa nyid  SANST omniscience; (4) rnam kun mngon rdzogs rtogs pa  the contemplation of (the possibility of) bringing all things into perfection; (5) rtse mor phyin pa  reaching the climax; the state of attaining to the highest point of moral excellence; (6) mthar gyis pa  attainment to finality, i.e., emancipation; (7) skad cig ma gcig gis mngon par rdzogs par byang chub pa'i sbyor ba| to attain to the perfected state of enlightenment in an instant; (8) chos kyi sku  SANST the supreme, spiritual existence.
dngos po mtshungs 	v. nges snang 3.
dngos po bzhi 	abbr. of bsod nams kyi dngos po bzhi  the four articles of merit.
dngos ma 	original; natural; natural productions (Cs.).
dngos ming 	1. the proper or real name of a thing.  2. the noun substantive.
dngos med 	dngos po med pa  SANST unreal; that was never born nor existed: chos thams cad dngos po med pa  SANST (M.V.) all objects are unsubstantial, immaterial, not existing (Cs. and Was.).
dngos gtsang 	lit. pure in substance; originally pure; of the first or superior quality.
dngos 'dzin 	identification; also holding as one's own; possession of worldly objects: 'jig rten gyi yo byad dang  ad lag rnams la bdag tu 'dzin pa| to hold as real and belonging to one's self things worldly which are unreal and therefore nobody's.
dngos gzhi 	SANST, SANST, SANST the basis of a thing; the thing itself.
dngos shugs 	abbr. of dngos bstan  and shugs bstan  honest belief in a doctrine and also apparent belief in it.
dngos su 	in actual substance.
dngos slob 	direct or personal discipleóAnanda was the personal disciple of Buddha.
mngag pa 	pf. mngags , to commission, charge, send, delegate, i.e., a messenger, commissary, etc.
mngag gzhug 	also mngag gzhug pa  SANST, SANST a messenger, emissary, servant, slave.  Syn. gYog po ; bran  (Moon.).
mngags pa can 	SANST a messenger; envoy.
mngags bya byed 	one executing a mission; a commissioner.
mngan +	SANST mthu lta bu  a curse; a necromantic injury; mngan bgrang ba  enumeration of curses (Cs.).
mngan pa 	to curse; to execrate.
mnga' 	resp. for dbang  might, dominion, sway, power; mnga' mdzad pa  to govern, to rule; mnga' rnyes pa  to obtain power; mnga' sgy ur ba  to have mastered a thing; to understand thoroughly.
mnga' brnyes pa 	= dbang thob pa  to get authority, power, etc.; to be authorized, v. mnga' mdzad pa 3 (Moon.).
mnga' thang 	power, might.  Syn. bsags rgyab ; sngon bsags ; lhas bstan pa ; bgo skal ; sngon byas ; sngon gyi las ; lhas bskyob ; gnam bskyos ; chas bskyos ; skal ldan ; dbang thang  (Moon.).
mnga' thang can 	powerful; one in power.
mnga' bdag 	SANST, SANST, SANST lord; owner; master; sovereign; an epithet of Buddha (M.V.).
mnga' bdag kho re 	n. of a certain early king of Tibet (Loo. 'a, 7).
mnga' bdag khri ral pa 	or Ralpachan, the famous king of Tibet who greatly patronized Buddhism and also extended the limits of his dominions to the borders of China proper.  Under his orders Buddhist works were translated from Sanskrit into Tibetan.  He reigned about the end of the 9th century A.D. (Deb. ga 41).
mnga' bdag nyang 	n. a ruler of the province of Nyang; also grub thob zhig gi mtshan  that of a Buddhist saint (J. Zao.).
mnga' bdag 'od lde 	n. of a king of Tibet (Loo. 'a, 7).
mnga' bdag lha lde 	bod rgyal kho re'i sras  "the son of King Kho-re of Tibet" (Loo. 'a 9).
mnga' ldan ma 	SANST a mistress, sweetheart, a secret wife.
mnga' ba 	1. vb. to town; to possess; also sometime resp. for yod pa  to be; to have: rgyal po la sras gsum mnga' ste| the king having three sons: btsun po'i sku la bsnyung mi mnga' lags| your majesty is not unwell.  2. adj. (partic.) being owned by; belonging to.  3. mngan ldan pa  having, owning, or being in possession of (J‰.).
mnga' 'bangs 	= mnga' zhabs  SANST a subordinate; a tenant; a subject.
mnga' mdzad 	SANST lord, master; mnga' mdzad pa  = dbang thob pa  vb. to lord, rule over; also to own.
mnga' 'dzin ma 	she who has assumed power; she who controls her husband.
mnga' zhabs 	= mang 'bangs .
mnga' 'og 	mnga' zhabs pa  subject; subjection; also under the power of; within the jurisdiction or dominion of (Situ. 1).
mnga' ris 	1. = mnga' zhabs  or mnga' 'bangs .  2. n. of the westernmost province of Tibet now known as Ngari Khorsum.  It formerly consisted of three districts, Purang, Shangshung, Mao-yul, which were apportioned to the three princes of the royal family of Tibet, viz., bkra shis mgon , dpal gyi mgon , and lde gtsug mgon .  From this circumstance the province came to be known by the name of Moah-ris (A. 63).  Out of these three districts, Purang, GugÈ (Shangshuo), and Mao-yul, were afterwards formed, when the province of mnga' ris bskor gsum  became an important part of Tibet.  They are poetically described:- spu rangs gangs kyis bskor  Purang surrounded by snowy mountains; gu ge gYa' yis bskor  GugÈ surrounded by rocky cliffs; mang yul mtsho yis bskor  Mao-yul filled with lakes.  The whole country round the sources, and the upper courses of the Indus and the Sutlej, together with some of the more western parts is now called (mnga' ris 'khor gsum ) Ngari Khorsum.  It also includes Rudok.
mnga' ris kham bu 	apricots from Baltistan and Nga-ri.
mnga' ris stag mo 	n. of a celebrated lama of mnga' ris .
mnga' ris sha 	a kind of apricot grown in mnga' ris .
mnga' gsol ba 	1. to be installed in power; to be nominated or appointed to a dignity or position.  2. to praise; bkra shis mnga' gsol ba  to wish auspicious success; to congratulate. v. jus legs pa 3.
mngar ba 	= mngar mo  SANST, SANST, SANST sweet; delicious; mngar gsum dkar gsum  the three sweets and the three whites:- bu ram  molasses; sbrang rtsi  honey; and bye ma kar  sugar (the three whites being milk, curds and butter).
mngal 	SANST, resp. lhums  SANST, SANST the uterus; the womb; also the side of the breast, whence Buddhas are generally born lest they be contaminated by the impurities of the womb.
mngal skyes 	SANST all animals that are born of the womb.
mngal grol ba 	SANST, SANST child-delivery; child-birth; to be born.
mngal sgrib 	contamination of the womb or pollution caused from child birth.
mngal chags 	or mngal du chags pa  SANST, SANST  1. conception; the formation in the womb.  2. the fútus or embryo.
mngal 'jug pa 	or mngal du 'jug pa  SANST entering the womb (relative to a Buddha); his incarnating himself; his assuming corporeal frame.
mngal thur 	a spoon used in midwife for extracting a dead child.
mngal 'dzin pa 	or mngal du 'dzin pa  to conceive; to be big with child.
mngal nad 	SANST múnorrhagia; disease of the womb.
mngal ba 	= kha mngal ba  bad offensive smell from the mouth.
mngal rlugs pa 	SANST abortion; mnga' rlugs par byed pa  to force delivery or cause abortion.
mngon pa 	I: SANST manifestation (this occurs in the works of the Tirthikas); conspicuous; visible; evident; manifest; clear; mngon par 'gyur ba  to become manifest; to be verified, proved; as a vb. to be evident; to appear clearly: bden par mchis mngon  that which is true is evident.  II: = chos mngon pa mngon pa'i sde snod  the Abhidharma Pitaka; the metaphysical-part of the Buddhist scriptures.  At the beginning of the Abhidharma of the Mahayana School a salutation is made to Bodhisattva Jam-pal.
mngon khyab 	SANST encompassing fully; covering all.
mngon dga' 	1. n. of a mythological garden and also world: shar phyogs mngon par dga' ba'i zhing khams  "in the east there exists the World of Joy" (J. Zao.).  2. n. of a section of Shar-rtse theological school in the monastery of Gahdan (Loo. za 12).  3. tshong dpon gyi bu mngon dga'  n. of a merchant's son who was devoted to Buddha.
mngon dgongs 	SANST deliberation; design; premeditated plan.
mngon 'gro ba 	a pioneer; vb. to proceed; to go away.
mngon bcom 	SANST killed, slain, destroyed.
mngon brjod 	SANST clear explanation of terms; one of the four parts of the science of words (SANST); a dictionary which is in two parts: (1) in which one meaning is conveyed by several terms.  (2) in which by one word several meaning are expressed.
mngon nyid 	SANST the state of being manifest; manifestation.
mngon rtags 	proof; argument; sign or token of the truth of a thing.
mngon rtogs 	or mngon par rtogs pa  SANST practice, culture.  1. nyan thos kyi theg pa mngon par rtogs pa'i rigs| SANST those that by their power of discrimination have fully and clearly comprehended the doctrine of the Sravaka School.  2. rang sangs rgyas kyi theg pa mngon par rtogs pa'i rigs| SANST those that have fully and clearly comprehended the doctrine of the Pratyekya-Buddha School.  3. de bzhin gshegs pa'i theg pa mngon par rtogs pa'i rigs| SANST those that have fully and clearly comprehended the vehicle or yana of the Tatha-gata.  4. ma nges pa'i rigs| SANST those that have not been able to rightly comprehend any particular doctrine.  5. rigs med pa| SANST those who have not entered any of the schools.
mngon mtho 	SANST; mtho ris dang lha dang mi  comprises a god or a human being, (SANST) heaven; those of exalted birth or state.
mngon du gyur pa 	SANST one of the ten stages of Bodhisattva perfection, to be made manifest.  It is explained: = de kho na nyid mngon du gyur pas mngon pa ste the state in which the tattva (reality) is manifest.
mngon du ldang ba 	or langs pa  SANST, SANST getting up; (from one's seat out of respect to another person); removal from a place; going away.
mngon du phyogs pa 	SANST lit. going to the front; moving forward; proceeding.
mngon du byas 	SANST, made manifest.
mngon du 'byin pa 	to disclose, reveal; to make known (one's wishes).
mngon du 'ong 	SANST advent, arrival, coming in.
mngon 'dod 	SANST, SANST, SANST to wish for; earnest desire.
mngon no 	SANST is made known or evident.
mngon pa pa 	a student of Abhidharma; one versed in that part of the Buddhist scriptures.
mngon pa'i nga rgyal 	SANST self-respect; pride.
mngon par 	adv.  manifestly, openly; evidently; entirely; highly; greatly; very; mngon par skabs yod pa , SANST one who has leisure or opportunity to do an act of piety or a self-sacrifice; an ascetic; one who remains in an uncovered spot to practise religious austerity.
mngon par bskyed 	v. rjes su 'dzin pa 3, remembrance; any thought dawning in the mind (Moon.).
mngon par khyab pa 	SANST to cover or encompass well; well-accomplished.
mngon par khro 	SANST sbst. wrath; terrible mien.
mngon par mgu bar bya ba 	= mnyes par bya ba  SANST to be rendered propitious; mngon par gyur pa  become manifest, clear; mi mngon par gyur pa , SANST to disappear, vanish from the sight.
mngon par rgyal 	SANST pride.
mngon par rgyug pa 	SANST to follow with speed; to run after.
mngon par sgrub 	SANST well-finished; well-accomplished.
mngon par nges myang 	SANST enjoyment.
mngon par chags 	v. 'khor ba 3.  1. the transmigratory existence (Moon.).  2. SANST fondness; attachment; the state of being very much attached.
mngon par chal du bkram pa 	SANST to spread over; diffused.
mngon par mchod pa 	SANST, SANST honour; to make reverence to a kind friend or to a noble or venerable person.
mngon par brjod 	SANST, SANST, SANST full expression; elucidation.
mngon par btud pa 	SANST to pay homage; to bow down out of respect.
mngon par rtogs pa 	SANST, SANST  1. right discernment; right knowledge; a clear comprehension; mngon par rtogs pa dang ldan pa  one possessed of right judgment and discernment; mngon par rtogs pa'i mtha' las byang ba , SANST one who has been purified and perfected by the thorough exercise of right judgment.  2. a hymn-like description (of a deity).
mngon par bstod pa'i grags pa 	enlightening fame.
mngon par mtho ba 	SANST exalted; become sublime.
mngon par drangs 	SANST one who has been conducted to the path of deliveranceófrom the sufferings of transmigratory existence.
mngon par 'du byed 	SANST  1. sublime associations, ides, views.  2. possessing origination, continuance and extinction: chos thams cad ni mngon par 'du byed pa med pa , SANST objects are not produced, they are without origination or extinction (M.V.).
mngon par 'dud pa 	SANST bowing; bending reverentially.
mngon par 'dul 'os pa 	fit to be brought under religious discipline.
mngon par 'don pa 	SANST drawing out; bring out; exposing; dragging out.
mngon par sde snod 	SANST, Abhidharma-pitaka, one of the three classes of Buddhist sacred writings, v. sde snod gsum 3.
mngon par  od 	= drag po'i las , SANST witchcraft; mystical measures for the suppression of an enemy.
mngon par spro ba 	SANST enthusiasm; zeal for any work.
mngon par phyogs 	= mngon phyogs .
mngon par 'phags pa 	('khor ba las ) SANST gone or come out of transmigratory existence.
mngon par byang chub 	SANST highest state of a Bodhisattva; on the brink of the position of Buddha.
mngon par dbang bskur ba 	SANST the initiation of monk into the order of gelong or Bhikru.
mngon par sbyor 	SANST, SANST full application of meanings, words and expressions in reference to religion.
mngon par byung ba 	SANST occurs (in Tirthika works) in the sense of manifestation.
mngon par 'byung ba 	('khor ba las ) SANST perfect renunciation; escape from worldly existence with the resolution to go to Nirvana.
mngon par brtson pa 	assiduity, industry.
mngon mtshan 	SANST an evident sign.
mngon pa mtshan nyid pa 	(SANST) he who has clearly realized the true state of things has become Moon-pa.
mngon par 'dzin 	SANST attachment; passionate love.
mngon par rdzogs pa 	complete fulfilment; perfection in all accomplishments, virtues, etc.; mngon par rdzogs par sangs rgyas pa  SANST fully enlightened; mngon par rdzogs par 'tshang rgya ba  the attainment of perfect enlightenment, i.e., the state of Buddha.
mngon par rab tu 'phyang 	SANST hangs down straightly or suspends (some ornamental fringes or silk cloth).
mngon par rig pa'am snang ba 	cognition; knowing of.
mngon par shes pa 	SANST prescience; resp. mngon par mkhan par  SANST certain gifts of supernatural perception, of which six kinds are enumerated: (1) lha'i mig gi mngon shes  SANST seeing anything clearly as if with divine sight.  By the exercise of this power one can see (realize) the sufferings of all kinds of living beings; (2) lha'i rna ba'i mngon shes  SANST divine hearing in a perfect manner.  By the exercise of this knowledge one can hear the sound of bra mo ha  (the smallest insect) and understand the different languages articulate and inarticulate of all living beings; (3) pha rol gyi sems shes pa'am  SANST knowledge of another's heart; sems kyi rnam grangs shes pa'i mngon shes gzhan sems shes pa'i mngon shes  knowing of another's thoughts; SANST serial knowledge of the heart; (4) rdzu 'phrul gyi bya ba shes pa'i mngon shes  SANST knowledge of the four forms of miracle.  By the exercise of this knowledge one knows the events of his former and future states of existence, and also the circumstances of his death and birth.  By the exercise of one's miraculous knowledge it is possible to move one's body without being seen; (5) sngon gyi gnas rjes dran pa'i mngon shes| SANST the power of remembering the acts of one's former existence or life; (6) zag pa zad pa shes pa'i mngon shes pa  SANST knowledge of the destruction of the passions.  By the exercise of the knowledge of (zag  and zad ) decay and destruction, one can quickly attain to the state of the omniscient (SANST) by purifying himself of all impurities of the heart.  By the exercise of the power of knowing all living beings one can perceive as well the stages of their moral perfection or culture.
mngon par shes pa drug dang ldan pa 	SANST possessor of the six kinds of fore-knowledge; an epithet of Buddha (M.V.).
mngon par shes pa'i shes pa 	SANST fore-knowledge.
mngon par sems 	SANST Samadhi; contemplation; reflection.
mngon par sel 	SANST coagulated; congealed.
mngon par song 	SANST involved; fully occupied; engrossed.
mngon par lhag pa 	SANST, SANST a new-comer; new arrival; one just come.
mngon phyogs 	= kha ltas pa  SANST, SANST, SANST in colloq.  1. towards; forward; straight ahead.  2. moving towards; skye ba la mngon du phyogs pa  proceeding to birth; 'chi ba la mngon du phyogs pa  rushing on to death; sangs rgyas pa la mngon du phyogs pa  moving towards the attainment of Buddhahood.
mngon phyogs te 	SANST having gone on; proceeded.
mngon phra 	dissimulation.
mngon byed pa 	to be manifest; to make public; to make clear or manifest to one's self.
mngon zhen 	SANST application; devotion.
mngon rloms 	SANST having the mind directed towards; longing-for.
mngon shes 	fore-knowledge.
mngon shes can 	1. v. bya skya ka  (Moon.) the magpie.  2. one possessed of fore-knowledge; one who can read the mind of others.
mngon sum 	SANST open, public, manifest; cognizable by the senses.  Syn. mngon du ; dbang po'i yul  (Moon.).
mngon sum du 	1. manifestly; adv. openly, publicly.  2. dngos su  = e.g., bodily, personally; by one's own personal experience; mngon sum du skyes  SANST, SANST really born, not of imaginary birth; mngon sum du 'dul bar 'os pa  SANST proper to place under moral discipline; one fit to be brought under religious control.
mngon sum phyogs min pa 	SANST not forward; unable to succeed; turned back; failed; unsuccessful in an enterprise.
mngon sum min pa 	SANST beyond the range of sight; imperceptible; unknown; unintelligible.
mngon gsal 	lucid, clear, evident; making known; manifesting, v. mngon par gsal .
rnga 	SANST tambour; SANST a drum used in battle; SANST a large military drum beaten at one end; SANST drum; kettle-drum 'khar rnga , v. 'khar 3; rdza rnga  a drum made of earthenware; rgyal rnga  SANST the drum of victory; bag rnga  SANST the drum of victory; bag rnga  drum at a wedding: khrims kyi rnga bo che brdungs te  having beaten the large drum for the Government edicts.
rnga dkar 	or rnga ma dkar po  a white hairy tail; rnga dkar po'i rlung gYab  a fan of the white yak-tail or the chowry.
rnga mkhan 	mower; reaper.
rnga khri 	a stool on which the larger drums are set for being beaten.
rnga sgra 	1. SANST sound of the drum.  2. an epithet of Buddha Amogha Siddha; rnga sgra 'byin pa'i sgra zhes bya ba'i nags  n. of a forest situated on the mountains Sprin-dkar rgyu-wa in the fabulous continent of Uttara Kuru.
rnga rngog 	abbr. of rnga ma dang rngog , the tail and the crest-hair (mane) of a yak, horse or mule: rnga rngog thams cad la dar kha dog sna lnga btags pa  to all their tails and manes scarves of five different colours were attached (A. 141).
rnga lcags 	a drum-rod; gen. a bent rod used as a drum-stick.
rnga chung 	1. a small drum.  2. a small camel; a young camel.
rnga dar 	a scarf tied to a drum.
rnga pa 	a drummer.
rnga dpon 	chief drummer.
rnga lpags 	drum-skin.
rnga ba 	vb. pf. brngas , fut. brnga , imp. rngos , to mow, to reap, to cut with the sickle; sbst. the seeding of corn, barley, wheat or paddy; btsas ma brngas pa  the reaped corn.
rnga bo che 	SANST fame; also large drum; a drum announcing fame.
rnga ba che ba'i mdo 	a Sutra in the Kahgyur of a metaphysical nature (K. d. tsa 142).
rnga bong 	1. n. of an Indian sage who is said to have flourished a thousand years before Buddha.  2. n. for camel in W.
rnga bran 	n. of an animal: zas ni rnga bran sha gsar dang  his food was the fresh meat of oa-bran (Sman. 212).
rnga dbyug 	drum-stick.
rnga spug 	drum and cymbal.
rnga ma 	SANST the tail; the hairy tail of a beast; rnga ma rgyas pa byed  SANST puffing out the tail.
rnga mu kun da 	a kind of drum.
rnga mong 	or rnga mo  SANST, SANST the camel; rnge 'u  a young camel; the smaller species of camel: yul sa thag ring por gshegs pa'i sgra de thom pas|rnga mo dre'u stor ba ltar sdug bsngal chen por gyur te| hearing the news of his having gone to a distant country, he became greatly grieved, as if he had lost his camel or mule (Hbrom. 113).
rnga mo ngud ka 	a srinbu, i.e., worm with a black head.  In whatever place the worm was found on its back, that place suffered from visitations of various kinds of calamities, such as war, famine, disease, devastations and destructions (K. ko. cha 237).
rnga ther 	serge cloth made of camel's hair.
rnga bzo ba 	SANST a drum-maker.
rnga zlum 	SANST, SANST kind of drum played at Indian concerts.
rnga zor 	n. of a demi-god.
rnga zlum can 	SANST species of flower [a kind of drum; the resin of Boswellia thurifera]S.
rnga yu 	handle of a kettle-drum which is supported by a stick sometimes fixed on the ground but generally held by the hand.
rnga yab 	SANST, SANST  1. lit. "the father of tails," i.e., a yak's tail, used for fanning and sometimes for dusting.  2. n. of a fabulous continent said to exist to the north of Jambudvipa.
rnga yab mjug ma can 	a term for horses in general; lit. that has the yak's tail (Moon.).  Syn. gYog byed ; bung pa skrod byed  (Moon.).
rnga gYog 	SANST a military drum.
rnga ring 	long tail.
rnga shing 	the wooden body of a drum; also the wooden support.
rnga shong 	kettle-drum; music (Sch.).
rnga gsangs 	or rnga bsangs  a loud beat or roll of the kettle-drum (Sch.).
rngad 	rngad yang yi dam lha ru rngad||bzhes yang ma dang mkha' 'gros bzhes|.
rngan bgrang 	enumerating another's faults: pha las bu la rngan bgrang nyid dang mtshungs  like enumerating the sins or mis-doings of a family, i.e., from father to son (Yig. k.).
rngan can 	or rngan chen  SANST, SANST jeering; disdain: (ngan pas rngan can byed du'ang 'ong ) the evil hearted also came to scoff at him (Hbrom. 37).  Syn. brnyas pa ; tsho khyad ; khyod tsho  (Moon.).
rngan pa 	I: sbst. = sug pa  remuneration for a service done; reward; fee; hire; wages; vb. pf. brngan  to pay hire to: rngan pa sbyin pa  or rngan pa gtong ba  to pay wages or remuneration; sometimes to bribe; to corrupt.  II: acc. to J‰. a kind of sacrifice in C. Tibet.
rngan 'phyar ba 	to insult, defame.
rngab pa 	1. to be hungry: bkres rngab pa  to be greedy; to have a craving appetite; acc. J‰.  2. cf. rngam pa 3 to crave; to desire earnestly.  3. in W. colloq. for 3rnga ba 3, to mow.
rngab tsha ba 	oppressive: rgyal khrims ji ltar rngab tsha kyang  even if the laws (of government) be oppressive.
rngabs ra 	= 'jib ru  a surgical instrument, made of horn, for drawing out blood by suction.
rngam rngam 	1. threateningly.  2. with dazzling splendour; rngam rngam rdzig rdzig byed pa  anything tidy and very fine.
rngam can 	1. adj. rageful; avaricious; covetous; za rngam pa  raging; gluttonous; ravenous.
rngam brjid 	1. expression or appearance of wrath.  2. = rngom brjid  splendour; magnificence (J‰.).  Syn. rngam 'jigs ; khro nyams  (Moon.).
rngam pa 	1. to rage at; to be furious; to devastate; rngam pa'i nga ro  a voice of terror.  2. to breathe violently; to pant for; to desire ardently; srog gcod pa la rngam pa  to be blood-thirsty; rngam pa'i tshul gyis  ravenously (devouring).
rngam pa phag mgo 	n. of a deity with the head of a wild boar.
rngam po che 	very frightful.
rngam gsas 	the occupying of one's body by a god or spirit according to Bon-po notions; a woman when inspired riding on any demon is called gsas mo .
rngams 	= dpangs  height or depth; rngams su  in height or depth; chu dkyil rngams su dpag tshad 'bum phrag brgyad| (Yig.) the depth at the middle of the waters was 800,000 yojana.
rngams pa 	SANST wonder, surprize; pathos in music.
rngams che 	dka' las che ba  very difficult; causing much hardship.
rngas 	(mal gyi ) SANST, v. sngas 3 pillow; a bolster.
rngas 'bol 	SANST a stuffed cushion; a football.
rngu 	= zug rngu  pain.
rngu chu 	colloq. for rngul chu 3 (Loo. 'a 5.).
rngu ma 	or mig skyag  SANST rheum in the eye.
rngub pa +	= nang du 'dus pa  or 'jug pa , pf. brngubs  or rngubs , fut. brngub , imp. rngubs  to draw in; dbugs rngub pa  to inhale; to breathe in.
rngul 	or rngul chu  SANST, SANST perspiration; sweat; rngal 'don pa  to cause to sweat or perspire.  Syn. chad skyes ; lus chu ; lus 'bab ; lus rngul  (Moon.).
rngul chu 	n. of a river in Kham.  It is formed by the joining of the rivers rgyal mo rngul chu  of Kham and Rdsa-khog Oag-chu of Sze-chuan.
rngul ba 	vb. pf. brngul , to sweat, perspire.
rngul gzan 	SANST [belonging to the armpit]S
rngul gzan gyi gzan 	SANST.
rnge'u 	or rnge'u chung , rnga chung   1. a little drum.  2. rnga mong gi phrug gu  a small camel; a young camel.
rngo 	skin disease causing painful itching which is contagious and affects dogs, sheep, and goats.
rngo thog pa 	to be capable: rnga thogs lags  Sir, I can do (it); rngo thog mi thog  incapable or not able.
rngo ba 	to be able (Cs.); rngo mi thogs  not able; not competent; incapable.
rngo bag can 	1. a disease of the skin with painful itching.  2. acc. Cs. = rngam bag can .
rngo yas 	n. of a number (S. Lex.).
rngo len pa 	to roast; to fry (Sch.), v. rngod pa 3.
rngog 	I: or rngog ma  = ze rngog   1. the mane; rta rngog  mane of the horse, &c.  2. acc. Lex. the hunch or hump of an animal.  3. acc. Cs. dre'u rngog  a kind of stuffed seat; mattress; a thick-haired carpet (Sch.).  II: n. of a tribe in Tibet to which belonged the celebrated Lo-tsa-wa Lama Roog Blo-ldan Shes-rab (Loo. 'a 9).
rngog can 	or rngog ldan  having a mane.
rngogs chags 	a beast that has a mane.
rngod pa 	pf. brngos , fut. brngod , acc. to Cs. and J‰. brngo , imp. rngod  or rngos .  1. to parch (barley, wheat, or rice); to bruise; to roast; to fry, e.g., meat in a pan.  2. acc. to Cs. to deceive.
rngob pa 	in Ld. to be able, v. rngo ba 3.
rngom brjid 	(cf. rngam pa 3) splendour; stateliness; majesty; rngom bag can  grand; majestic; terrible.
rngom po 	bright; brilliant; majestic; shining.
rngol bon 	the earliest stage of the Bon religion of Tibet known by the name of yung drung  or Svastika, which flourished before the second century B.C.; said to have been introduced in Tibet during the reign of the seventh descendant of King gnya' khri btsan po  (J. Zao.).
rngos khyer 	one who has caught the skin disease called rngo .
lnga 	SANST five: lnga ga  or lnga ka  all the five; each of the five; lnga brgya  SANST five hundred; lnga bcu  SANST fifty; lnga bcu nga gcig pa  SANST the fifty-first; lnga cha  SANST, SANST the fifth part or share.
lnga mchod 	lit. the five offerings; but the term signifies the religious service with illumination on the anniversary of the birth of Tsongkhapa, the great Buddhist reformer of Tibet, which generally falls on the month of November, i.e., about the 25th of the 9th Tibetan month.  It is observed in every house in Tibet.
lnga stong 	SANST five thousand.
lnga ston 	SANST the fifth festive ceremony generally observed.
lnga tham 	a Buddhist monk who does not possess any knowledge of the ritual and the contemplative practice of Buddhism.
lnga bdo 	lnga bdo snyigs ma ma rungs tshe  (Hbrom. 25).
lnga drug 'gro 	in Tibet when one borrows grain he has, as a rule, to give back one measure more for every five measures he had taken.  This is called the paymentósix for five measures of agricultural loan.
lnga ldan 	SANST n. of a city in ancient Kho-ten known in Tibet under the name of Li-yul.
lnga sde bzang po 	the five early disciples of Buddha:- Kaundinya, Ashvajit, Varpa, Mahanaman, and Bhadrika, who first received his teachings (Yig.).
lnga pa +	SANST  1. the fifth; SANST the fifth day after the full or new moon, SANST.  2. n. of tribe in Tibet.  3. lnga pa ni mthang gos  a name for a Buddhist monk's raiment.  4. the fifth path: lam lnga pa bcu sngon du song  the ten have gone before on the fifth path (Yig.).
lnga pa nyid 	SANST the fifth state, i.e., death.
lnga po 	SANST the five.
lnga pa'i don 	= rig pa'i gnas lnga pa  the five sciences.
lnga pa'i dbyangs snyan 	n. of a singing bird, v. 'jol mo 3.
lnga pa'i lam 	= 'chi ba  the way to the fifth state, i.e., death.
lnga ba 	a flash (of lightning).
lnga rtsen 	SANST or rtsen , a game played with five dice; SANST n. of the Yakra who is custodian of wealth; one of the eight generals of Vaisravana (Yig.).
lnga tshigs 	= thun sum pa  SANST  1. the third watch (of night or day).  2. ko sa la'i rgyal po gsal rgyal gyi sras lnga tshigs zer| n. of a son of Prasenajit, King of Kosala (J. Zao.).  3. yan lag lnga'i tshigs lnga  the five joints of the five limbs.
lnga rig 	= rig pa'i gnas lnga shes pa  SANST one who is versed in the five sciences; a learned man; a scholar.
lnga len 	SANST, SANST also  1. ancient name of a province in the north-west part of India, one of the 36 sacred place of the Buddhists (M.V.).  2. SANST five times.  3. phung po lnga len pa  to be born, i.e., assumption of the five (skandha) aggregates; body.
snga 	SANST before; soon; earlyóreferring mostly to time not place: 'da' ba ni ha cang yang snga ches so| deliverance takes place much too soon: nga ni them pa snga brgal yin  I was the foremost, the first, (earliest) to cross the threshold (Glr.); bstan pa snga dar bar dar phyi dar gsum  the first, intermediate, and the last propagation of the (Buddhist) doctrine (Glr.).  sngon  or sngon la  is the ordinary adverbial form; gen. snga  is used with postpositions or in compounds: snga mkho  the olden time; snga snga  very early; snga dus  in bygone times.
snga gung 	abb. of snga dro dang gung , morning and noon.
snga gong 	1. adv. before; previously; at first; a little while ago; just now (Mil.); sngo gong nas  formerly; snga gong yab  your late father (Glr.); snga gong bod kyi rgyal po  the earlier Tibetan kings (Glr.; J‰.).
snga dgongs 	morning and evening (Sch.).
snga rgol 	SANST in a religious disputation, he who first begins the discussion; a plaintiff in a case.
snga sngo 	v. sngo 3, vegetables; greens (J‰.).
snga chad 	= sngon chad  formerly; hitherto; till now; up to this time.
snga chos 	= tshes grangs snga ma   1. earlier date.  2. the indistinctness: shog bu sngon po la bris pa sngo tshes skya chos  intelligibility of the writing on blue paper with blue ink is here alluded to (Rtsii.).  (EEE inelligibility in the original has been corrected to intelligibility above.)
snga tog 	early crop; the first-fruit of the harvest.
snga rting du 	earlier or later; not at the same time.
snga ltas 	foreboding; prognostic; presage.
snga thog 	early; in the forenoon.
snga dro 	SANST, SANST, SANST early morning: snga dro 'dul ba  to tame the mind in the morning lest evil may enter it later.
snga na 	before, previously, betimes.
snga nur phyir 'gyangs med pa 	early in the morning, not late in the day; without delay.
snga pa 	1. vb. pf. sngas  to be the first; to come first; to be beforehand.  2. adj. ancient; belonging or referring to former ages; rgya nag gi rgyal po snga ba  an ancient king of China.
snga phyi 	abbr. of dus tshod snga ba dang phyi ba  SANST, early and late; snga phyi med  SANST not early not late; that has no beginning or end.
snga phyi rgol 	abbr. of rnga rgol dang phyi rgol  SANST, the plaintiff and defendant in a law-suit.
snga phros 	early or first work; the earlier position of a work.
snga ba 	= snga pa  or snga bar  = SANST dawn; very early in the morning: sang snga bar  tomorrow early morning.
snga ma 	SANST, SANST, SANST the former; the first-named; the earlier one; anterior in time and place; the first; the foremost in a series; snga ma bzhin  SANST as before; as the one gone before; as the earlier one; snga ma'i dus  in early times.
snga mo 	earlier; bygone; snga mo nas  long before; from former time.
snga za 	breakfast; the morning food; food taken early in the morning.
snga rol 	of old time; past ages; snga rol du  before; in time past; gone before.
snga lags 	= len po  in Tsang a return visit or entertainment.
snga sha 	= rta sga'i snga ru  straps for binding things to a saddle; phyi sha  the straps which go round the hind part, and called sha btags sga'i snga sha la nad rkyal dang  (Lhamo bstod-pa).
snga shas 	very early.
snga shugs 'dren pa 	the accenting of the first syllable.
snga sor 	SANST  1. before; in the first place; first of all; at first.  2. anciently; in olden times.  Syn. sngar ; sngon du ; snga ma  (Moon.).
snga har 	a kind of tea.
sngag pa 	also sngags pa , pf. bsngags , fut. bsngag , imp. sngog , to praise, commend, extoll; to recommend: 'gro bar sngags  it is recommended to go; bstod bsngags pa  praising; singing praise; bsngags pa po  a praiser, commender (Cs.); bsngags par 'os pa  worthy of praise; bsngags ldan  praised; also n. of Buddha's horse; bsngags gsol  thanksgiving.
sngags 	1. praise; encomium (Cs.).  2. SANST magical formula consisting mostly of strings of Sanskrit syllables in the recital of which perfect accuracy is required.  These are used in invoking and coercing deities and demons, and are the equivalents of the famous mantras and dharani of Sanskrit Buddhism; sngags sgrub pa , sngags spel ba , to recite mantras; to pronounce charms or incantations; sngags kyi theg pa  SANST the mystical or Tantrik doctrine of the Buddhists, v. theg pa 3; sngags kyi dag byed  SANST clarified butter (used in the sacrificial fire); sngags kyi  od pa  SANST mysticism; the practice of the mystic cult.
sngags 'chang 	SANST eon who ministers charms, a professor of mysticism; sngags 'chang ba  or sngags 'dzin pa  to carry dharani charms about one's self.
sngags btu ba 	SANST extracts of mantra or charms.
sngags sde gsum 	acc. to the Buddhist as well as the Bon-po = sngo rigs sngags  the external or ritualistic science.  1. the external spells by which a god or goddess is propitiated or brought under one's power so as to obey the wishes; nang gsang sngags  SANST the secret charms by the efficacy of which a Tantrik Bodhisattva either in his wrathful manifestation or in his milder form is propitiated.  By dint of charms, he mysteriously unites with a female who having acquired similar perfections and merits like himself, is thus prepared spiritually for such union.  Both having attained to the same degree of spiritual culture and sitting in each others embrace vanish, it is believed, into the state of Nirvana.  This practice is called mkha'  od .  2. gsang sngags  secret written charms; gzungs sngags  SANST charms which contain efficacious significations and are capable of over-powering or coercing spirits.  These charms are generally inscribed on cloth, paper, or wooden boards.  3. rig sngags  v. rig 3 spells.
sngags pa 	SANST one versed in the Tantra cult of the Buddhists; one who practises mysticism.  Syn. nus pa can ; mthu bo che ; sngags 'chang ; bsrung 'khor pa ; bstan bdag ; 'joms byed ; rdo rje 'dzin ; sngags chen  (Moon.).
sngags bon 	for sngags pa  and bon po .
sngags btsun mar gyi rkyal pa can 	n. of an ointment for wounds and sores (Sman. 350.).
sngags rigs 	SANST Brahman.  (EEE The original has Brahman.)
sngangs 	= dngngs , v. dngng ba 3.
sngags skrag 	= dngngs skrag  panic; sudden fear.
sngangs byed 	SANST very fearful, terrific; panic stricken.
sngan 	for snga  or sngon , sngan chad  formerly; before; previously; opp. to now: 'char ka sngan la rdzangs  Charka was sent previously or at first.
sngan bu 	a medicinal herb.
sngar 	SANST, SANST adv. of time, used for snga ru  before; beforehand; previously; formerly; at first; sngar nas  from before; sngar med pa  what has not existed before, an innovation; sngar longs  to get up first; one who has risen first or early; sngar gyi sgrig gsol  to have or avail of former arrangement or system; sngar gyi yi ge snying pa rnams  old or early records; the writings of antiquity; sngar ba  the former; first mentioned; sngar gyi bas  = sngar las kyang  or sngar bas kyang  than, before: rgyal bu sngar gyi bas kyang khyad par du 'phags pa tsam du gda' ba la| "the prince was superior even to those who preceded him, i.e., even he excelled his predecessors."  Although sngar  occurs almost exclusively as a temporal adv., it is used in the sense of a local postp. in the honorific expression  an sngar , before his eyes, in his presence.
sngar skyes 	= aa dze ; SANST an elder brother.
sngar khyun ltar 	or sngar rgyun ltar  as usual; in the ordinary course; as formerly.  (The headword in the original sngar khyan ltar  has been corrected to sngar khyun ltar  on the basis of the transliteration soar-kyun ltar and the context.)
sngar khrims 	early laws; previous punishment or conviction.
sngar 'khyur 	= snga ma'i srol  former custom or usage.
sngar rgyas 	early diffusion or earlier propagation.
sngar 'jags 	given as before; as before.
sngar rjes can 	one follows or acts according to precedents; snga ma'i lam lugs srol  the old or former customs.
sngar rtogs 	= snga ma nas rtogs  premeditated; thought of before; anything done after much consideration.
sngar ltar 	as before.
sngar 'thung 	anything that is to be drunk first; an early drink.
sngar drangs 	(sngon 'dren pa ) SANST formerly invited.
sngang gnod 	aggression; doing mischief without provocation.
sngar ma 	sharp intelligent, quick of apprehension.
sngar med rnyed 	SANST gaining or acquiring what one was without before; sngar med gsar sgrogs  innovation; new introduction; sngar med gsar byung  what did not exist before (in the usage, custom or institutions), but has been introduce.
sngar tshim 	SANST early satisfaction; previous contentment.
sngar bzhin 	as before, as usual.
sngas 	resp. dbu sngas  pillow; cushion; bolster: yo byad sngas su 'jug pa  using their things as a pillow; sngas stan  or sngas 'bol  pillow; rgyab sngas  a cushion for the back; sngas mal  a couch of pillows.
sngas pa 	v. snga ba 3.
sngun 	adv. of time; in colloq. signifying previously; first; ago.
sngur ba 	to snore (cf. ngur ba 3 also sdur ba 'then ).
snge'u 	the kind of pulse or peas growing in the Sub-Himalayan regions called mon sran , v. gre'u 3.
sngo 	I: or sngo dbags  (zan sres ).  II: a root signifying green; as sbst. plant, herb, green vegetable; sngo skyen  early growth; when it is verdant.
sngo skya 	pale-green.
sngo khra 	painting on a blue body in variegated colours.
sngo sga 	officinal herb; green ginger: sngo sga'i tsha bas mkhris tshad mgo nad sel  the pungency of green ginger removes headache and congested liver (Sman.).
sngo ljang 	bluish-green.
sngo tog 	unripe fruits; green fruits.
sngo dregs 	mire or bluish-green mud.
sngo nag 	blue-black; deep-blue.
sngo sne 	ornaments made of coloured glass-beads.
sngo sprin 	= khrag rkang  (mystic expression) (Mio.).
sngo ba 	I: Cs. also sngod pa , pf. bsngos , fut. bsngo , imp. sngos  to become green; sngo bo  green; verdant.  II: dge ba  SANST, SANST  1. to bless; to pronounce benediction.  2. to design; to intend: nga la bsngos pa'i gYu  the turquoise intended for me.
sngo snan 	a medicinal herb.
sngo rtswa 	green grass, as distinguished from skya rtswa , whitish-green shoots of grass.
sngo tshod 	vegetables; herbs.
sngo rdzab 	n. of a colour or paint.
sngo yas 	n. of a number.
sngo lo 	green leaf; the leaf of a plant (Cs.): sngo lo 'char ba   1. to sprout.  2. "to become notorious."
sngo bsangs 	SANST pale or rather Greenish blue; sngo bsangs ma  SANST the goddess Paldan Lhamo; the sky.
sngo bsangs lus 	SANST pale-blue body.
sngog pa 	prob. pf. bsngogs , fut. bsngog , imp. sngogs , to vex; to annoy; to cause petty irritation; to disturb from rest.
sngon 	SANST, SANST, SANST, former; formerly; before; previously; sngon sangs rgyas  SANST the earliest Buddha: sngon gyi rgyal ba zhugs bzhugs pa  SANST when the first Buddha was still living; sngon gyi 'char gzhi  former matter or subject; sngon gyi cho ga  the preliminary ceremonies or rites; sngon gyi mtha'  SANST, the end of a preceding one; sngon gyi mu  SANST former boundary or limit; the starting point; sngon gyi dus sam tshe  SANST or  SANST former or olden times.  This word has more commonly the temporal signification, whilst sngon la  refers most frequently to place and position.
sngon skyes 	SANST, SANST, SANST, the first-born; born before; the first-born of Brahma; a Brahman; an elder brother.  (EEE Devanagari script in the original indicates brahmana.)
sngon kyi rabs 	1. SANST ancient history; legends.  2. former generation.
sngon 'gro 	SANST, SANST one going before; precursor: sngon du 'gro , sngon du stsogs pa  SANST the preamble or the introduction of a work.  Syn. gna' bo  (Moon.).
sngon chad 	in former times; anciently: sngon med ma yin sngon chad ma grags pa  not that it did not exist before, but it was not known formerly.
sngon 'jug 	anything fixed to the fore; a prefix; a prefixed letter.
sngon du 	or sngon la  adv. and postp. before; formerly; at the head; in advance; in front of.  Of the various forms of cognate meaning, this is the most usual and regular; sngon du 'gro ba  to go before; precede; sngon du 'jug pa  to put or place before; sngon du 'dren pa  SANST one drawing before, leading; a guide; sngon du gnas pa  placed or located in front; existing from before; sngon du byas  SANST, SANST promoted; remunerated; honoured; visited; sngon du byas nas  SANST being respected; sngon du bzhag pa  = mdun du bzhag pa  placed before.
sngon dus 	SANST ancient time; olden times; of yore.
sngon dran 	recollecting the events of former times; rjes yong sngon dran gyi tam  stories of olden times (which have) come down.
sngon nas 	form a former time.
sngon po 	or sngon mo   1. v. sngo 3 SANST blue.  2. stale; old.
sngon po bzhin 	= nam mkha'  the blue sky, the nature of which is blue as of old; sngon por 'gyur  (mi rung mi btub ) to go out of use; become old and useless.
sngon phyug 	rich from the beginning; rich at first; formerly rich.
sngon phyug par gyur 	was formerly rich.
sngon bu 	vegetable; n. of a medicinal plant, Delphinium Cashmirianum: sngon bus chu ser nad rnams 'jam por sbyong .
sngon byung 	SANST, SANST, SANST history; ancient account: sngon byung ba  SANST anything happened before; early events; gone before.
sngon byus 	SANST, SANST destiny; fate.
sngon 'bum 	n. of a botanical work; 'the hundred thousand vegetables ' (Cs.).
sngon sbyangs 	culture of a former birth; early development; sngon sbyangs kyi shugs  by dint of culture in a previous existence.  (Yig. 7).
sngon ma 	1. SANST, the former (when two persons or things are spoken of); sngon ma rnams  the former (persons or things).  2. beginning; lha khang brtsig pa'i sngon ma lha sa la byas te|  a beginning to build temples was made at Lhasa.  Syn. snga ma ; thog ma ; dang po ; 'go ma ; gna' ba  (Moon.).
sngon mo 	SANST, the first; a vegetable.
sngon mo chab 'dran 	(lit. the vegetable which draws out water).  1. n. of a medicinal plant which is largely used in dropsy.  It grows on the plains as well as in the clefts of rocks in Tibet.  2. dar ya kan snug po (sngo snan )|tho dkar snug po gab yig  (Mio. 4).
sngon dmar can 	SANST  1. blue and red; purple.  2. an epithet of Siva.
sngon tshe 	olden times.
sngon bzhin 	as formerly.
sngon yang bsod nams byas pa 	SANST merits of former existence (M.V.).
sngon rabs 	SANST ancient history; former generation; sngon rabs kyi gtam  traditions of antiquity.
sngon rol 	= sngo rol  by-gone time or period.
sngon la bshad 	SANST previously stated; explained before or said before.
sngon las 	SANST, SANST, SANST, SANST former actions; an accident; an event over which one has no control; from before.
sngon bsags mthu 	power due to merits formerly acquired, v. mtho ris gnas 3 or 3dge legs 3.  1. virtue; pity.  2. paradise.  (Moon.).
brnga ba 	to reap.
brnga yas 	brngo-yas n. of a number.
brngad 	1. = brang .  2. nas bsngod pa  to crop barley.  3. 'drid pa  SANST to tempt (Situ. 77).
brngad pa 	to seduce deceitfully (a woman or man) (Sch.); also to draw out; to distill; to extract the juices of.
brngad pa 	v. rnga ba 3.
brngan pa +	= mchod pa  SANST to honour; to worship.
brngab pa 	1. acc. to Sch. = brngad pa .  (2) acc. to Lex. rngab pa  or rngams pa .
brngams pa 	= 'dod pa che ba  passionate (Situ. 99.).
brnga' 	crops; brnga' bya'i lo tog  harvest fit for the harvest (Situ. 75).
brngas 	reaped; btsam ma brngas  reaped the harvest (Situ. 77).
brngas pa 	SANST tempted, entrapped.
brngub 	pres. dbugs brngub , brngubs , past "du ba brngubs " (Situ. 75); brngub bya'i snan  medicine to be inhaled.
brngubs 	SANST drawn in (breath or water); 'thungs tshar ba  drunk.
brngul 	pf. of rngul ba 3.
brngog pa 	to point out another's fault; seek out faults; also to search out a lost article.
brngod 	1. pf. brngod bya'i nas  barley to be cropped (Situ. 77).  2. slu ba  to seduce, deceive: bud med brngod pa  to seduce a woman (Situ. 75).
brngon 	SANST dividing (discover) pf. ri  ags brngon to| hunted a wild animal (Situ. 77).
brngon pa 	vb. pf. and fut. brngon   1. to pursue wild beasts; to hunt; to seduce bud med , esp. to sensual indulgence (J‰.); rngon pas ri  ags la brngon  a huntsman chases a wild animal.  2. sbst. SANST, SANST, SANST fowler; huntsman; SANST, SANST hunting; rngon pa mo  a hunting woman; a huntress (Cs.): ri  ags brngon to| to have been hunting game.
bsngags ldan 	SANST, SANST n. of Gautama's horse on which he left his home.
bsngags pa 	= bstod pa , snyan par brjod pa .  1. praise, eulogy; SANST, SANST praised; bsngags 'os  SANST, SANST praise-worthy.  2. description.
bsngal ba 	to be faint or exhausted (Cs.), v. sdug bsngal 3.
bsngas pa 	to place the head or body upon a cushion; to recline.
bsngo ba 	1. SANST the end v. sngo ba 3.  2. a blessing, bdag gzhan gyi don du  cf. 3sngo ba 3.  3. mouldy; rotten (Cs.).
bsngogs pa 	= mtshang drus pa , pf. bsngag , imp. sngogs shig  (Situ. 75).
bsngos pa 	SANST, resolution: sngos pas bsgy ur ba  SANST  1. to make a firm resolve to go the way of Nirvana or to do any act of piety.  2. final consequence of Buddhistic enlightenment, viz., showering of blessings on the afflicted.  Compareó SANST (Bodhi)  "Let whatever sufferings the world has, come to me!  may the merits of the Bodhisattvas make the world happy!"
ca 	the fifth letter of the Tibetan alphabet, corresponding in pronunciation to the Sanskrit SANST or to English ch in the word "child."  Acc. to Tibetan grammarians, the Sanskrit SANST is equivalent to tsa, the seventeenth letter of the Tibetan alphabet.  Thus Tibetans write the Sanskrit word SANST (moon) as tsan dra  and not as can dra .  1. as num. fig. 5.  2. ca  = lca excrement; alvine discharges: ca 'dor ba  to discharge excrements (J‰.).
ca cir 	bark (in Ld.) (J‰.).
ca cus 	warped; distorted; awry (Sch.).
ca co 	1. = ki li ki la  SANST, SANST clamour, noise, cry; the noise produced by many people talking with one another.  2. = bzhad gad , snying tshim gyi ca co  exclamation of joy: da ca co ma zer  now do not make such a noise! (Mil.)  Ki-li ki-la, noise of laughter.  3. SANST chirping, twitter (of birds).
ca co sgrogs 	SANST, SANST  1. expression of love in birds; a low or pleasing tone.  2. = phug ron  SANST pigeon.
ca co can 	shouting. bawling; talkative, loquacious (J‰.).
ca co che 	klag cor che  a babel; confused noise (as in a market) (Oag.).
ca co med pa 	SANST, free from noise or chatter; without fuss; an attribute of Buddha (M.V.); one of the eighteen independent conditions of Buddhahood (Dh. sect. LXXIX).
ca phyi 	= mi mthun pa  disagreement; not in accordance with.
ca ra ma ra 	raving; adj. irrelevant: skad cha ca ra ma ra lab kyi 'dug| he is speaking irrelevant things, talking unconnectedly.
ca ra ra 	the noise produced by the falling of rain in high wind.
ca ri 	in W. a bug (J‰.).
ca re 	= car  continually; always (J‰.).
ca re nya re 	drippingly; little and little (A. 52.).
ca le co le 	= cha le cho le  irregular: khyed rang tshul khrims ca le co ler song ba min nam  (A. 107) has not your conduct become irregular and slack?
cag 	termination of plur. of pers. pron. as in nga cag  we, khyed cag  you, kho cag  they.
cag krum 	= chag krum   1. sbst. broken pieces (of glass or any brittle thing).  2. cartilage; gristle; sna'i cag klum  bridge of the nose (J‰.).
cag dkar 	= cag rdo  in W. quartz (J‰.).
cag ga 	care; vb. cag ga byed pa  to take care of; cag ga dag po  acc. to J‰. in colloq. careful, orderly, regular, tidy.
cag cag 	crunching sound in eating: cag cag mi bya  do not crunch so!
cag cer re 	closely pressed or crowded in standing or sitting (in Ld.) (J‰.).
cag cob 	= cag cag  (Oag.).
cag rdo 	v. cag dkar 3 in W.
cang 	contraction of ci yang  anything, whatever, everything: cang mi gsungs par gyur  he did not say anything whatever; cang mi smra pa  to say nothing.
cang te'u 	also cang cang te'u  SANST a kind of small drum; a hand drum.  Those used by the Tantriks are made of a human skull; cang te'i brdung zhing  beating a hand-drum (A. 32).
cang rig 	= grung po  wise, prudent; knowing everything.
cang shes 	SANST one who knows all about (a subject); cang shes pa  wise, well-informed, good; cang mi shes mkhan  = ci yang mi shes mkhan  one not knowing anything; blockhead, simpleton [SANST not well informed]S.; cang ma mthong  did not see anything: khyod la bcar ba'i mdza' bshes cang ma mthong | I have never seen a friend who was intimate with you (Rdsa. 13).
cang srid 	what; what is it?
cangs po 	clever, skilful.
can 	an affix signifying having, possessing, being provided with, corresponding to the English adj. terminations -ous, -y, -ly, -ful: tsher ma can  thorny.  Sometimes also = like, or ish: bon can  Bon-like; khyod can  you or one like you; hin du can  a Hindu, Hinduish.  yon tan can  = yon tan dang ldan pa  having or being possessed of merit, qualifications; skyon can  = skyon yod pa  faulty, with faults; tsher ma rnon po can  having sharp thorns; seng ge'i mgo can  having a lion's head.  It is sometimes affixed to verbs: byed pa can  doer: las ka can  worker; sometimes signifies belonging to: bod can  Tibetan, phyi ling can  European.  In C. is also used for the possessive pron. nga can , kho can  my, his or her.
can cil 	W. the green shell of a walnut (J‰.).
can ce 	can cer , can ne , in colloq. ja phor   1. tea-cup (made either of wood or of china) (Oag.).  2. a small bowl or dish (Sch.).  3. continually (Cs.).
can du +	postp. c. accus. to; with: kho can du mi 'gro| I do not go to him; nga can du  with me, in my possession.
can bzhi rgyal po 	believe to be an incarnation of Padma Sambhava or Guru rin-po-che.  can bzhi rgyal pos dgra bgegs ru dra sgrol| saves one from enemies, evil spirits and Rudra (Lh. kar. 35).
cab cab +	patting or clapping with the hands to express approbation.  'brom yang rngog la phyag cab cab mdzad nas| also bowing to and patting Roog (Hbrom. 116).
cab cob 	(kha cag cag lta bu )  1. the sound of tasting.  2. nonsense: cab cob smra ba| to talk nonsense.
cam 	1. slow (Cs.).  2. quietly, without any noise or fuss; cam me bzhag pa  or cam gyis 'jog pa  to place quietly; in Sikk. cam sdod  keep silent or sit still.  3. in W. acc. to J‰. whole, unimpaired: sa (rtswa )cam me yod  the whole store of hay is still left.  4. glistening, glittering cf. lcam me 3 (J‰.).
cam pa ta lo 	in Tsang, the mallow (J‰.).
cam pod 	in Ld. a bunch of flowers, sprigs, etc., a handful of ears of corn (J‰.).
car 	1. (Lex.) car re ; acc. to Cs. ca re  continually, always; with numerals; gcig car  at the same time, opp. to one after the other, successively (viz., doing or suffering a thing, sleeping, dying, etc.).  2. at once, on a sudden, opp. to gradually; lnga car  all the five together.
car mar 	always, continually (Sch.).
car ras 	= 'doms ras  a small apron to cover the privy parts.
car re 	v. car 3.
cal 	or cal cal  noise (Cs.); cal gyug  rumour, (false) report.  chal col  or cal col gtam  idle talk, nonsense (J‰.).
cas cus 	1. phan tshun la 'chus pa  distorted; to be obstinately perverse; twisted; awry.  2. acc. to Sch. = ca cus .
ci 	I: num. fig. 35.  II: SANST, SANST,  1. gen. used in books though not commonly in colloq.: what?  ci'i  of what?  ci'i phyir  or  ci phyir  why, for what, for what object?  ci'i don du  in whose interest, for what purpose?  ci'i slad du  why?  de ci'i phyir zhe na  this wherefore?  why this?  if so it is asked."  ci'i 'bras bu  what sort of fruit; the fruit of what? ci'i ri  what king of mountain, hill; ci  also like an adj. is placed after the word to which it belongs: rgyu ci las  for what reason; on what account?  2. why?  wherefore?  bdag la des ci ma chog| why should not that suffice me"?  ci mi sgrub  why do you not procure; bsam na ci ma legs|  I (you) considered, why would not that be a good thing?  de 'byung na ci ma rung | if that happened, why should it not be desirable?  3. in conjunction with other words ci  signifies how?  4. inst. of a note of interrogation, e.g., in ci gnang  for gnang ngam , gshegs par ci gnang | "do you allow (me) to come"? (J‰.).  In the colloq. of C. ci  is almost invariably re-placed by gang  both in the sense of "what" and "which"; whereas, properly gang  means "which" only, and ci  means "what."  III: correlatively which, what; whatsoever; everything.  ci  as a correlative ought properly always to be written ji ; yet not even in decidedly correlative sentences is this strictly observed: ci byed na'ang | whatever I may do; ci bgyi bka' nyan te nged kyis bsgrub| whatever we may be bidden to do, we shall obediently perform.  ci myur  also ci myur zhig la  as quickly as possible; also ci  may = at any rate:  an ci drangs  he must be invited here at events (J‰.).
ci ga 	what? colloq. ci dgar , ci dga' bar  whatever one may wish; at pleasure ad libitum; ci ga ci yin nam  what is it?  ci gar  = ci ltar  in what manner, how?
ci bgyi 	SANST a servant, valet; one who does what he is ordered to do.
ci 'gro 	= gang drag  whatever is good: phyogs thams cad nas khyed kyi rtsis su ci 'gro byed| from all sides, whatever is good is accredited (accounted) to you (A 133).
ci cog 	= ci yod  what or whatever is.
ci brjod 	SANST what has been stated or told.
ci zhig 	whatever; something; anything: ci zhig tu dgos pa  for what purpose it is wanted.  (EEE the original has the headword as ci bzhig  but both the transliteration ci-shig and the context show that it should be ci zhig  so the headword in this edition has been altered accordingly.)
ci rnyed 	v. snyed 3.  (EEE this is a frequently found mispelling of ci snyed .)
ci ltar 	SANST like what? ci ltar gyur pa'i gtam byas so| "he related how it happened."
ci ste 	but if; if however.
ci sto 	what does it matter?
ci drag 	what to do; what is to be done; what is the matter?
ci bde ba 	SANST  1. what is well, good; what pleases; as it pleases them; as they like.  2. name of a section of Tantrik Buddhists in the monastery of Vikramasila during Atisa's time.
ci 'dod pa 	SANST whatever one wishes; as much as desired; whatever (they) wish; ci 'dod pa bzhin thob pa  to get according to what one wished [an attribute of a Bodhisattva (M.V.)]
ci 'dra ba 	SANST like what? similar to what? ci 'dra mthong  what have you seen?
ci smra bar byed 	SANST what is there to say?
ci tsam 	how much.
ci tsug 	how?  in what manner?
ci mtshan 	SANST of what sex?
ci zhes bstan pa 	whatever has been demonstrated.
ci zer 	what does he say?
ci zer brtag pa'i tshig 	the interrogative expression ci-zer (SANST) is used to signify:- co 'dri ; 'gog tshig ; 'gal ba brjod ; 'go len pa ; sad mda'  (Moon.).  (EEE ci-zer is given as ci-zar in the original but this has been corrected in accordance with the headword that it is transliterating.)
ci'ang 	= ci yang  (Situ. 125).
ci yang 	= cang  SANST whatever; anything; ci yang mi nus  not able to do anything.
ci yang med pa 	SANST nothing whatever; not any; one who has got nothing.
ci yang med pa'i skye mched 	SANST [lit. realm of nothingness; one of the eight kinds of Vimokraósalvation.  The sixth stage in which one perceives nothing.  Comp. Maha-p. 30]S
ci yang rung ba 	whatever is permissible, suitable.
ci yin 	= ci ga  what?
ci yod 	SANST what has happened?
ci rigs pa 	adj. SANST, adv. ci rigs par   1. in some measure; to a certain degree; in part; partly.  2. of every sort.
ci ru 	whither: ci ru 'gro ba , gang la yang ma lta bar 'gro ba| to go without looking at anything.
ci la 	SANST why? wherefore? ci la ci la  why? for what? ci la ma rag par chas pa| gone without being obstructed; ci la yang  SANST for whatever; ci la yod  SANST why is this? whence?  ci las  SANST from what?
ci shul 	las ci byas pa'i rjes| after whatever has been done.
cir 	ci ru , termin. of ci   1. where to, etc.  2. with yang ; everywhere; in every direction; for any purpose; by all means; with a negative = nowhere.
cir mi rtog 	= ci la mi rtog pa  why not consider the matter or subject.
cis 	instr. of ci  by what? whereby?; ci yid ches par 'gyur  by what am I to believe it?  what shall make me believe it?  whereby can I know it to be true?  cis kyang mi skrag pa  he is not to be frightened by anything.  cis kyang  and ci nang kyang  used as adv.: by all means, at any rate: cis kyang 'gro na  if you wish to go by all means, at all hazards; da cis kyang mi phan  now nothing will help or be of any use; cis kyang bzhes pa zhu  I beg of you at least to accept it; ces kyang slobs  teach it to me at any rate! (J‰.).
ci rgod 	wild millet.
ci cir á	= mgo la skra med pa  without hair on the head; bald head.
ci chib á	= mthar phyin  exhaustive; brought to perfection; to the farthest limit.
ci tse 	SANST a kind of millet; a species of grain eaten by the poor.  (EEE the transliteration of the headword in the original is ci-rtse.  The Tibetan of the headword was left as in the original because of noting the next entry, ci tshe 3, which is a correct spelling q.v.)
ci tshe 	= ci tse 3.
cig 	modified form of gcig  one, and changing to zhig  after vowels or after nga, na, ma, ra, or la.  1. a; a few; a little; some: lug cig nyo nas nang du khrid song | having bought a sheep, they led it inside; mi lnga tsam zhig  some five people.  2. when affixed to verbs it is a sign of the imperative mood.  cung zad cig sdod cig  wait a little while!  lam ston zhig  show the path!
cig car 	or gcig bu   1. together; with one accord: cod pan be con cig car spang | he left off his crown and sceptre together (Zam.).  2. SANST quickly.
cig car zhes 	= lan gcig ces  once; equally; cig tshar  = lan gcig  SANST once; all at once.
cig shos 	or gcig shos  SANST the other; the latter; some other.
cing 	I: = shing , or zhing , a gerundial particle, the initial letter of which is changed acc. to the rules obtaining for cig; corresponds to the English participle 'ing' and in used in sentences beginning with "when," "after," as," and is affixed to verbal roots and adjectives; in the latter case including the auxilliary verb to be: mostly concludes minor clauses and interposed participial sentences, never ending main clauses: bu mo gzhan de shing khar 'dzeg cing me tog thogs te  the other girl climbing up the tree picked the flower: bros shing gab pas  having hid themselves after running away; frq. also when co-ordinate ideas are in English connected by 'and' or 'but' sha la za zhing khrag la 'thung ba| eating flesh and drinking blood; che zhing legs pa| tall and well shaped; drod gnod cing bsil ba phan| heat is hurtful, (but) cold is beneficial.  It is also used like the ablative of the gerund in Latin: nya gshor zhing 'tsho'o  we live by fishing (J‰.).
cin ci li 	a creeping plant (in Tsang).
ci'u ri 	n. of a female demon (J‰.).
cu 	1. num. fig. 65.  2. inst. of bcu  used in compound numerals for the tens, when the preceding numeral ends with a consonant: sum cu , drug cu , bdun cu , brgyad cu .
cu gang 	1. SANST bamboo-manna; substance secreted in the joints of bamboos and used in medicine both in India and Tibet.  2. kind of lime used in medicine (Cs.): cu gang glo tshad kun sel rma tshad gcog| breaks sores and cures inflammation of the lungs.
cu li 	co li   1. in W. a fresh apricot (J‰.).  2. dried apricots.  3. a sort of wild-growing vegetable in Sikk.  In W. cu li ta gir  the pulp of apricots boiled down to a conserve and formed into cakes (J‰.).
cug cug 	v. cag cag 3 (Sch.).
cung 	1. in C. gourd; pumpkin.  2. n. of a place.  3. = cung zhig  a little: da khyod cung 'phyis pa yin| you are a little too late now; cung yo ba  a little slanting (J‰.).
cung zhig 	v. cung zad 3 a little.
cung zhog 	a little (piece), a trifle.
cung zad 	a little; slight, trifling; a little while: cung zad kyang mi nus  = ci yang mi nus  not at all able; cung zad khro ba  a little angry: cung zad rgod  a little smiling; cung zad kyi phyir  even for the sake of a trifle: cung zhig phan nam blta  I shall see whether it will help a little; cung zad cig sdod  wait a little, a while; cung zad ma bde ba  a little unwell; cung zad snyam pa'i nga rgyal  my self-respect is (made) small.
cung zad pa 	an epithet of a Nagaraja (M.V.).
cung zad tsam 	some little.
cung 'gag 	a brass plate or dish (Rtsii.).
cung zho 	or zun cha gcong zhi  a medicinal white stone alleged to cure diarrhúa (J‰.).
cur 	colloq. without leaving any remnant; cur mid pa  to devour it all up.
cur ni á	(zhib mo  or phye ma  SANST or SANST)  1. powder; in the work called Li-gur it is stated to have been derived from the dialect of Shao-shuo, but it is evidently Sanskrit.  2. meal, flour (occurring only in medical writings) (J‰.).
ce 	num. fig. 95.
ce cang 	v. ce  ang 3.
ce na 	its other grammatical forms: she na , zhe na , inst. of ces smra ba  'if one says so, asks so,' etc.
ce  ang 	= ce cang  used for khyi  ang  SANST, SANST jackal; fox.
ce  ang ra 	ce sbyang ra yis nor phyugs nad rnams srung | the horn of the (fabulous) jackal is a protection against cattle disease; n. of a precious stone.
ce tse 	(SANST, also SANST M.V.) SANST a kind of millet, Paspalum scrobiculatum.
ce tse rgod 	= khre rgod  wild millet (M.V.).
ce 'u 	a read for sucking up beer.  It is called tsug li  in Sikk.
ce 'o 	SANST certain.
ce re 	or cer re  staring (fixed-eyes): mig ce re lta gyin 'dug  (he was) looking at it with fixed eyes (Oag.); ce re la lta ba  looking with fixed stare: 'goms shing phyin mig ce re la ma mthong bar  he paced forward with his eyes staring and open without seeing (it) (A. 73).
ceng ke 	(gri dpa' tam ) a kind of long knife with thin but broad blade; lag ma longs pa'i ceng ke tsam la 'bru khal  for a Ceo-ke about a little less than an arm's length the price is one khal of grain (Rtsii.).
cem tse 	scissors (J‰.).
cer bu 	n. of a place in Tibet (B. ch. 4).
cer re 	= ce re .
ces 	(its other grammatical forms: shes , zhes ) SANST so, thus; ces is generally used after ga, da, ba, as in bdag ces bya ba  I, the so named; yod ces pa  thus existing; thob ces  so gaining; in ancient literature ces  is regularly placed after words or thoughts that are literally quoted, and so continuing the sentence; the quotation itself is generally preceded by 'di skad du  or 'di snyam du .  In later literature ces  and the introductory words are often omitted; in colloq. language always.  Inst. of ces smras so| or ces gsungs so| so he said, thus he spoke, so has been said or spoken, so it is said; often only ces so| is used and in like manner ces pa  for ces smras pa  this word, this speech: ces pa la sogs pa  "these and similar words".
ces bya ba 	or ces pa  the so-called, frq. after names; ces su  rarely for ces .
co 	num. fig. 125.
co ga 	also written lco ga  = brta ka  in colloq. bye'u cog mo  a small singing bird; the lark: co ga'i gre bas skad 'gags sel  the larynx of Co-ga removes hoarse voice.
co ga klad snan 	= 'bu su hang  (mystic expression) (Mio. 4).
co gras 	a colt one year old, when Tibetans clip its mane and tail for the first time.
co to 	a tuft of hair on the head; co to'i tor ga  hair plaited and dressed on the crown of the head: sngags pa'i mgo'i skra rdog rdog bsdams nas thor cog byed pa  to make the hair of a sorcerer's head into thor cog  it (the hair) is gathered into a tuft.
co dir 	= 'ur dir .
co 'dri ba +	SANST, SANST  1. to blame, reproach, scoff at; to vie with.  In K. du. this term is described as signifying to be jealous of, and as equivalent of khrel bgad byas pa , acc. to Oag. co 'dri  v. ci zer 3 what does he say?  2. mgo bskor ba  to deceive, to cheat (Oag.).  (EEE The original has "v. ci zer ba " under 1. above, but this has been changed here to permit the hypertext link.)
co ni 	n. of a district in Amdo.
co re 	same as co ro ro, the cor-cor sound produced by straining fermented beer (Oag.).
co le ba 	= tho re ba  or tha re tho re  a little; co le tsam  = tho re tsam  somewhat; rather: byang chub sems pa'i bslab pa la nyes pa co le tsam gyis gos| in his instruction of the Bodhisattva he was somewhat culpable (A. 52).
cog +	1. all; also a plural sign; acc. to Schr. all (people): yod do cog  all that exists: thos so cog  all that has been heard; mthong ngo cog  all that has been seen; yin no cog  those that exist; gces so cog  those that are valuable.  2. shing thags .
cog cig car 	= thams cad mnyam du  altogether: dus gsum rgyal ba yin na cog cig car 'dus  the Buddhas of the three ages all assembled together (Ya-sel. 28).
cog cog pa 	in W. grass-hopper; cricket (J‰.).
cog pa 	to have leisure: cog na yong dgos  if you have leisure you should come; de ring cog ka med  today I have leisure.
cog bu 	a small square tent to accommodate only one person used by anchorites of Tibet when they retire to solitary places for practising religious austerities.
cog bu pa 	1. one who lives in a lonely mountain cavern or in a small tent that accommodates but one man.  2. [SANST sitting and not lying down; one of the twelve ascetic practices]S.
cog bur 	the manner of sitting up at night awake (Oag.).
cog tse 	is a corruption of the Chinese word tsa wa tsi  meaning a small dining table.  It has been Tibetanized in cog brtsegs  or cog tse, cog tse phag sug ma yang 'dir bshad do| (Jig.) (a small) table the legs of which resemble those of a pig is here indicated; cog brtsegs mi gang ma  a table just suitable for one man to sit at.
cog ro 	n. of a place in the district of Tsao-dkar in E. Tibet.
cog la ma 	a mineral substance used for medicinal purposes.
cong 	in colloq. shong   1. a musical instrument (Lex.); a bell (Schtr).  2. acc. to J‰. a precipice: cong la skyur ba  to push down a precipice in order to kill (a man).  3. v. gcong 3.
cong ci 	small bowl or dish (Sch.); v. can ce 3.
cong cong 	jagged, indented, serrated (J‰.).
cong ba 	(ngu 'bod cong ba ) to raise wailings, loud lamentations (at funerals); cf. gcong skad 3.
cong mo 	in colloq. for lcung mo .
cong zhi 	= cung zho  SANST the Soma plant said to be useful in diarrhúa, in phlegm and fever; cong zhi'i chu  juice or water of the soma plant.
cong rong 	perh. = cong cong , cong rong tsher ma  a kind of thistle.
cor cor 	an onomatopoetic word expressive of effervescing; beer is described in fermenting as making the sound 'cor-cor': chang sgra cor cor zer nas 'chag pa| (Oag.) after the sound cor cor  of fermenting beer has ceased, it must be strained.
col le 	= ling nge  or zing nge  adj. hanging or dangling: yul de na ri brag nag po mang po col le yod pa| in that country many black rocky hills overhang (Hbrom. 117).
col le ba 	v. thor re ba 3 or tha re tho re  adj. lying irregular or promiscuously (Moon.).
cod pan 	SANST, SANST, SANST,  1. tiara, diadem, crown worn by kings.  2. the crest of gallinaceous birds.  Syn. dbu rgyan ; dpung rgyan ; zla ba can ; rtse gsum bgo rgyan ; rtse bran  (Moon.).
cod bNa sna tshogs dpal gyi gtsug 	SANST literally, handsomely-crested bird; n. of a king of birds (nam mkha' lding ) (M.V.).
cor gang 	or cor cig  a mouthful; a gulp.
col chung 	childish prattle or babbling.
gcags pa 	(A.K. 1. 24)  1. to apprehend; to grasp (with the understanding); to impress, gen. with yid la  on the mind; nan gcags pa  well-impressed; impressive; bka' nan gcags chen po gnang ba| to give a very thorough instruction; gcags po byed pa| to lay emphasis on.  2. relative to persons it may be synon. with chags pa , to love.
gcang po 	clever; lively, sprightly; in W. also attentive to; regardful of; gang po drung po = gcang drung ldan pa  clever and sagacious: gcang  sbst. sagacity, cleverness; kha gcang  clever words; clever speech (Cs.).
gcad pa 	v. gcod pa 3 = gtub pa  cut into pieces (Moon.).
gcan gzan 	SANST carnivorous animal; beast of prey; the cat and the dog not being included in the term; gcan gzan tha ma  the lowest of the beasts of prey; gcan gzan khro ba  SANST ferocious, wild animals (Moon.).  SANST literally signifies a warrior-beast.
gcam pa 	I: = byas pa  made: gros gcam  = gros byas pa  made a conference; talked over (Oag.).  II: = byams pa  loyal and loving: kong tse 'phrul gyi rgyal po la gcam pa'i tshig gshad pa'i mdo| the Sutra for expressing loving words to the miraculous king Kong-tse (D.R.).
gcam bu +	adj. artificial, not natural; artificial expression of feeling; insincere demonstration: gcam bu'i tshig smra ba  speaking words of outward regard.  Also humbleness, servility, flattery: gcam pu'i tshig  a servile speech (Sch.).
gcam bu pa 	= drang po mi byed mkhan| an obsequious, insincere person.
gcam yas 	n. of a number.
gcar ba 	acc. to Sch. cut out; put out; knocked out; cf. bcar ba 3 (J‰.).
gcal ba 	to spread, display; lay out, e.g., precious stones, jewels, on a table, on the ground (J‰.); gcal du bkram pa  having laid out.
gci ba 	SANST  1. vb. v. gcid pa 3 to discharge urine; to make water.  2. gcin gci ba po  one who is making water.  3. gci bya'i chu  urine to be discharged.
gcig 	SANST  1. the number one; gcig kyang  one only; one and the same; dus gcig tu  at the same time; at one time; dus cig na  or dus gcig na  once; one day.  2. one only: yab gcig  my only father or ma gcig  the only mother, the mother of several brothers or sisters but idiomatically the common wife of several brothers; shin tu gdung ba'i ma gcig my only beloved mother: ma gcig lab kyi sgron ma  the venerable mother Lab-dron; gcig gis gcig  or gcig la gcig , etc., one another, each other; mi gcig pa  different (J‰.).
gcig ka 	single, only, opp. to several.
gcig car 	or gcig char  alone, v. car 3.
gcig cig 	certain; some one (J‰.).
gcig gcig 	1. one at a time; separately; alone.  2. of the same kind; not different.  3. adv. by one's self; only; solely.
gcig cog 	SANST, SANST one principal; the leader; ring-leader.
gcig chog 	all-sufficient (J‰.).
gcig rjes 	(lam ) SANST a passage (for one man to pass); lit. fit for one foot only.
gcig nyid 	SANST, SANST friendship; state of unity; the state of being one; one-ness; unity.
gcig tu 	SANST  1. together with; into one; into one body; gcig tu sdu ba  to unite; to collect into one.  2. at once; wholly; altogether.  3. only, solely; gcig tu gyur pa  SANST be turned into one uniform state; cig tu nges pa  SANST to be intent on one object; one object for certain; gcig tu bsdus nas  SANST having agglomerated, abbreviated; gcig tu 'dus nas  SANST having come together; being united; gcag tu 'dus sam phrad nas  SANST having joined or being united together; gcig tu 'dzin pa  the holding together or to hold together; phyogs gcig tu  in one direction; in a certain direction; yul gcig tu  in a certain place; snod gcig tu  in one vessel; nang gcig tu  in one house.
gcig tu mdzes pa 	SANST  1. lit. one who can perfectly please.  2. n. of a Bodhisattva (M.V.).
gcig tu yod 	SANST, all existing together; in one place.
gcig tu sems pa 	1. to be all attention (to any subject or person); to pay homage; to be respectful.  2. dad gus dang ldan pa| or phyag byed pa , gus pa  to be possessed of faith and respect (Moon.).
gcig 'thob 	1. expectant (that he will get something).  2. SANST an actor; a bard.
gcig du 	acc. to J‰. unity and plurality; gcig du bral  not having these qualities (Was.).
gcig nas gcig tu 	SANST from one to another; in succession; gcig nas gcig tu rgyud pa  SANST lineal descent or lineal descendant; one unbroken line of succession; gcig nas gcig tu 'dus nas  SANST become one or united by succession; gcig nas gcig tu bsdu ba  to accumulate for each other; gcig nas rtogs pa  SANST one who deliberates with undivided attention; gcig nas gcig tu zhen pa  successive thoughts combining together.
gcig pa 	1. the first.  2. of one kind, not different or manifold; mi gcig pa  different.
gcig pu 	1. SANST alone, single, only; gcig pus mi stong thub pa| to be able to cope alone with a thousand men; gcig pur lus pa  forsaken, abandoned; to be left alone; bu gcig pu  the only son.  2. gcer bu , rkyang pa  bare, naked, single; in vulg. kher ma , khe rkyang   Syn. re re ; rkyang rkyang ; zla med ; ya gyal  (Moon.).
gcig pu dben pa 	= lkog tu song ba| SANST residing alone in retirement; one of the conditions of yoga (M.V.).
gcig pu ma 	SANST a woman without any husband, or living alone.
gcig po 	1. alone: rgyal po gcig po skyes pa yin| "the king alone is a man (one possessed of manliness)."  2. being one, or the one: ma gnyis la skyes pa'i bu gcig po| one son of two mothers, viz., claimed by two.  3. the one (J‰.).
gcig po pa 	n. of a solitary mountain said to be one hundred yojana long and 500 yojana high; from which a great river (the Tsang-po) issuing flows eastward towards the ocean (K. d. ra 268).
gcig byas 	SANST only.
gcig min 	SANST except one.
gcig tshig 	the singular number (Situ. 119).
gcig la gcig med pa 	SANST mutual non-existence; absence of one thing in relation to another thingóa technical term of the Nyaya philosophy.
gcig las 'phros pa'i lung 	SANST n. of a religious work.
gcig shos 	the only one; the other, when speaking of two.
gcid pa 	also gci ba  pf. gcis , fut. gci , imp. gcis , to make water; to piss.
gcin nad 	SANST disease of the urine, prob. spermatorrhúa.
gcin pa 	SANST, SANST  1. urine; gcin gcid pa  or gcin gci ba  to make water.  2. tight, firm, unshaken.  Syn. dri chu ; rgyun 'bab ; rab 'dzag  (Moon.).  (EEE the original has the headword transliterated as gcin-wa for gcin pa  but this is in error.)
gcin shor 	involuntary discharge of urine.
gcin 'gag 	retention of urine (Med.).
gcin snye 	SANST prob. gonorrhúa; also a disease of the kidneys in which urine is frequently and involuntarily discharged.
gcin mang 	SANST diabetes.
gcin yang 	= gcin mang  making water again and again.
gcin sri ba 	SANST pain or smarting in discharging urine.
gci'u 	1. = ce'u  clyster-pipe; gci 'u'i snan  clyster (Oag.).
gcil ba 	to spoil; to destroy (Sch.).
gcu gal 	= do gal che ba  (adj. and sbst.) importance; important.
gcu ti 	= cu ti .
gcu dong 	screw-box.
gcu ba 	= sgrim pa   1. to squeeze; to strain; to whirl; turn round like the twisting of a screw: phyi mig gcu ba zhig byas| (A. 131). he made a twist with his eyes.  2. to punish by striking; to correct.  3. = lcu ba , v. gcud pa 3; gcu skor  in W. gcus bu  screw gcu  or lcu 'khor  (Cs.).
gcug 	difference, discord.
gcug med 	= mthun pa  without difference; harmony (Oag.).
gcugs pa 	SANST planted, cultivated, acquired or gained; mdza' gcugs pa  cultivated friendship; 'khon gcugs pa  to sow or create discord, dissension: khon pa las khon par gyur pa| "from hatred to hatred, or hatred increased more and more"; mdza' ba las mdza' bor gyur pa| to improve friendship; to become more and more friendly; to increase intimacy: mi mthun pa las mi mthun par gyur pa| "from disagreement to disagreement, or the misunderstanding became more and more intense still."  5. = brtan pa  firm: yid la gcugs pa| to be firm in the mind, i.e., yid gcugs pa .
gcung po +	= spun chung pa  a younger brother (Oag.).
gcud pa 	pf. gcus , lcus , fut. gcu  or lcu , to turn; to turn round; to twist; to twine; to plait; to braid.
gcud bor 	1. adj. is explained in (Oag.) las ka hur thag byed pa dang ci byed nyan pa| "doing work with zeal and earnestness and also obediently."  2. gcud la 'bor ba  acc. to Sch. to forsake; to cast out; to reject.
gcun pa 	= 'jun pa  to reprove (one's servants &c.); to subdue, tame (an animal) (Oag.); gcur zhing gcun pa  to beat or press a thing until it is soft.
gcur pa 	1. pf. or 'jur ba  (Oag.) bar do'i 'phrang ring gi mtha' la gcur| shuns the long narrow passage in the confines of the Bar-do.  2. a coarse sort of vermicelli.
gcus pa 	to interfere; to meddle with (Oag.).: lag pa gcus pa  id.
gcus bu 	anything that is screwed in; what has got jammed in.
gce ba 	to esteem; to hold dear; to love (Sch.).
gcen +	or gcen po  or sngon skyes pa  SANST, resp. for spun che ba ,  1. an elder brother (Oag.): de nas gcen gsum gdan 'dren la phyin pas| then he came to invite the three elder brothers.  2. acc. to Zam. first-born.
gce'u 	acc. to J‰.  1. clysterpipe = ce'u , gce'u kha mang  a flageolet; a kind of musical pipe with many holes in it.
gcer 	anything naked, i.e., bare and uncovered; gcer skyob  a covering for the body; raiment.
gcer sgrib 	lit. that which covers the nakedness of the body; met. clothes or dress.
gcer ba 	v. bcer 3.
gcer bu 	SANST, SANST, SANST  1. naked; gcer bur 'byin pa  to make naked; to strip off.  2. = rkyang pa  or gcig bu  alone, solitary, without a companion, single.
gcer bu pa 	SANST a naked person; n. of sect of homeless mendicants; gcer nyal mkhan  of the Jaina sect of India; also a Hindu sanyasi.
gcer bu gnyen gyi bu 	SANST n. of the founder of the Jaina heretical school, one of the six Tirthika teachers of Buddha's time (M.V.).
gcer bu ma 	a naked woman; the Goddess Kali.
gcer bu lag rdum 	(sa bdag ) n. of a mischievous armless demi-god.
gcer mo 	or gcer bu ma  SANST a woman who walks naked.
gces gces pa 	= byams po byams po byed pa| to show more and more affection for one; to love very much.
gces btus 	choice extracts, &c. (Cs.).
gces pa 	I: 1. byams pa  dear; beloved: nged kyi mi gcis pa  a man dear to us; our beloved; gces phrug  our darling child: 'jig rten 'di na rang srog yin| the dearest thing in this world is one's own life.  2. Also precious; very important; useful : shin tu gces pa'i yi ge lnga  the five very important letters; 'khor bar gces pa rang srog  one's life is most precious in this world; shes pa gces  it is of importance to know.  II: (brtson pa ) eager; diligent.
gces par bya ba 	to esteem; to regard with affection.
gces spres 	esteem; gces spres byed pa  to hold dear; to love; to esteem; also to exert one's self; gces spres su byas pa  exerted one's self; made exertion: mngon par shes med pas sngon sgrub pa la nan tan gces spres su byas par dka'| (Hbrom. kha 2) without fore-knowledge it is difficult for one to exert himself with assiduity to counteract a former life.
gcog pa 	pf. bcag, imp. chog  or chogs , to break; dum bur gcog pa  to break into pieces; to burst asunder; to cleave; to split, blast; to violate (a promise, a vow, a law, etc.); to break out from: tha gu bcag pa yin te  the rope having been broken.
gcog rtsis 	reduced account; reduction, discount.
gcong 	1. a chronic disease; glo gcong  chronic bronchitis; khog gcong  chronic cough.  2. a defile; rong gcong  a rocky defile.
gcong skad 	1. a low fine musical note or voice.  2. cry of sorrow, lamentations, wailing (Oag.).  Syn. cho nge ; ye ge bral ; ma la ; nyer skad ; zer zer skad ; ngud mo  (Moon.).
gcong chen nad drug 	the six chief chronic diseases: (1) ma zhu ba'i nad ; dyspepsia; (2) skran ; (3) skya rbab ; (4) 'or nad  (5) dmu chu  dropsy in the chest or in the pericardium; (6) gcong chen zad byed  phthisis (M. gu.).
gcong ba 	1. pf. bshongs  to excavate, wash out, undermine through the action of water: thur du gcong bar ma gyur to| have not been undermined (by water).  2. to get faint, languid, wearied in mind.  (J‰.).
gcong med 	without illness.
gcong zhi 	v. cong zhi 3.
gcong rong 	is described in (Oag.): rong dam po bgrod mi thub pa| an impassable narrow defile.
gcod rtogs 	(grangs ) SANST n. of a number; one versed in that chapter of arithmetic which treats of dividend.
gcod pa 	pf. bcad , fut. gcad , imp gcod  or chod  SANST, SANST (Moon.) to cut, to cut asunder (khams tshad du  into small bits); to cut off, chop off (the hands); to cut down, to fell (trees); to cut out (the tongue); to rend asunder; to break (a thread, a rope, chain, fetter).  This verb has a very varied metaphorical use, and is especially employed to denote that the course of anything has been stopped or "cut off."  Thus it can signify to cure (a disease); to suppress (a passion); to stop a road; to wake up from sleep; srog gcod pa  to kill, to murder, to stop life, to obviate, prevent, avert; to avoid; to lock (the door); bar du gcod pa  to throw obstacles in a person's way; to hinder, impede; frq. srog la bar du gcod pa de dag  these life-endangering beings; to stop, to make a pause (in reading); to judge, condemn.  Again we have rjes gcod pa  to follow after; tsar gcod pa  to search into; to investigate.
gcod byed 	SANST teeth; SANST knife; hand; the king; executioner. Syn. mche ba ; gri ; lag pa  (Moon.).
gcod 'breg pa 	to make a brief abstract of the grounds of any complaint or application made to a court of justice: sa bon la yang gcod 'breg gi rigs sngon du byed pa gal che| (D. Shel. 7) it is of much importance previously to make some sort of abridgment; gcod 'breg gi khrims  capital punishment in which the culprit is either maimed by cutting off his limbs or is beheaded.
gcod mtshams 	the limit or point to be cut for a defined boundary of disputed land; an agreement or definite treaty.
gcod lugs 	Tantrik or mystical system of Buddhism.
gcod lugs bdud bzhi 	the four chief evil spirits according to the Tantras are:- (1) thogs bcad kyi bdud| devil that can be stopped or averted; (2) thogs med kyi bdud| devil that comes unhindered or cannot be stopped; (3) dga' sprod kyi bdud| devil of enjoyment and mirth; (4) snyems byed kyi bdud| devil of arrogance and pride.
gcom 	for bcom  that which is over-powering; haughtiness, arrogance.
gcom skyungs +	terror-stricken.
gcor ba 	to spread, scatter, disperse (Cs.).
gcor zla 	zla ba'i skor 'go 'dzin lugs , gcor 'go 'dzin lugs pa rang lugs  (Ya-sel.).
bcag 	or bcag pa , v. gcog pa 3 and 3'chag pa 3  1. SANST cut, ground or divided; shing bcag ; rdo bcag  to split wood; to break stone.  2. sa bcag pa  to cultivate; till ground (Situ. 77).
bcag thag 	taking care of (one's body, property, chattels, &c.): ngag bkod ltar gyi bcag thag seng shor med pa byed| according to (my) verbal direction take care (of the articles, &c.) without mistake.
bcags 	pf. of 'chag pa , subdued, disciplined, down-trodden: zhabs kyis bcags  trodden on by his feet. i.e., brought under discipline (Situ. 75).
bcang pa 	pf. bcangs , fut. of 'chang ba   1. to hold: lag tu bcangs  held or carried in the hand (Situ. 77).  2. acc. to Sch.  adj. comprising, comprehensive, extensive; bcang rgya chen po  comprising much; bcang rgyar mdzad pa  resp. to apply one's self; to bestow pains upon.
bcad 	in tshigs su bcad pa  cut or put to metre; poetry.  bcad ka  in W. a whole that has been cut into, or a piece cut off (J‰.).
bcad brdar 	critical examination; cutting and rubbing (a thing) for testing.
bcad ldan 	a kind of Chinese satin.
bcad pa 	pf. of gcod pa , to cut; to separate; to decide; to distinguish, discriminate; to close (a road): rnam par bcad  (A. K. 1-48) having rent or pierced, cut, separated, decided, distinguished, etc.  zhib bcad  investigate.  bcad nas  having cut.  bcad pa'i kha na ma tho ba dang bcas pa  SANST one of the disciplinary duties of Buddhist monk; lit. rejecting or getting rid of what is blamable.
bcad po 	in W. something old. torn, worn out (J‰.).
bcad 'phro 	= bcad lhag  too few or too many (bcad  and lhag ) faults in writing or printing.
bcad bya 	what is to be cut (off); anything to be killed or slain.
bcad mtshams 	= gcod mtshams  also dpyad mtshams  rules or laws, especially for monks in monasteries; decision, settlement, agreement.
bcad lhug 	abbr. of tshigs bcad dang lhug pa , poetry and prose.
bcabs 	SANST made secret, concealed; phyag bcabs  salutation in secret; nyes pa bcabs  concealed or hidden fault (Situ. 75); rang bcabs  = rang gis spas pa  or gsangs  self concealed (Oag.).  Syn. gsang ba ; spas pa  (Moon.).
bcam bcom 	trivial things; medley; hodge-podge (Sch.).
bca' 'grig 	full equipment: bca' 'grig rta sga 'khor cha 'grig  full equipment of horse, saddle, and retinue in full array.
bca' sga 	SANST dried ginger.
bca' 'phrang 	declivity; precipice (Sch.).
bca' ba 	v. cha ba 3 sbst. a drinking or drink.
bca' ba byed pa 	to give notice: bca' ba byed kyi 'dug par sleb pa dang | he arrived for the purpose of giving notice or information (Yig. 23).
bca' yig 	letter of notice, official notice; regulation for public guidance.
bcar ba 	I: 1. sbst. = nye ba  near; adj. intimate: khyod las bcar ba'i mdza' bshes cang ma mthong | (Rdsa. 13) I have not seen a more intimate friend than you.  2. vb. to interview; sku bcar chog pa  to be permitted to interview (a great man).  II: 1. acc. to J‰. bcar ba  = bcing pa , to squeeze, to press (in a press); to crowd, to throng.  2. to pull or force from; to wrest (Cs.).  3. acc. to Sch. logs su bcar ba , to prop sideways.
bcar bzhugs pa 	to have a permanent residence.
bcal ba 	pres. pf. of 'jal ba  to weigh; to pay back; nor bcal  estimated wealth; bre la bcal  measured in a brÈ (Situ 75).
bcal lung 	= gYog po  a waiter for orders; a servant (Moon.).
bcas 	and bcas pa  also bcas te  SANST, SANST, SANST a word used as a conjunction and as adj.  It is annexed to nouns by means of the conjunction dang  signifying together with, connected with, having, possessing, containing a thing: 'khor dang bcas pa  to together with the attendants, with retinue or suite; frq. bu mo bod blon dang bas pas bskor te| surrounded by (ten) virgins together with the Tibetan ambassadors: btsun mo dang sras su bcas te| with his wife and son; gos dang bcas su  with; having his clothes on; zhal 'dzum pa dang bcas te| with a smiling face; ser sna dang bcas pa| subject to avarice, 'khrul bcas  infatuated, fascinated.  When the form is bcas su  the construction is adverbial, and the words introduced with it are to be taken adverbially as qualifying the proximate verb.  e.g., bu mos thur ma dang bcas su me la mar blugs so|, the girl poured butter on the fire with her spoon.  It is also used as kind of plural; also like la sogs pa , meaning "etc.," or "and such like."  So, too, we read brgyags dang bcas bskyal lo| provisions and other necessaries are sent.
bcas pa'i khrims 	Buddhist canon; religious regulations.
bcas rang 	SANST  1. notification, information.  2. transgression: bcas ni sangs rgyas kyis khrims su bcas pa|rang ni rang bzhin gyis nyes pa|  In bcas-rao, bcas is law or rule laid down by Buddha and rao is rao-bzin-gyi Òes-pa, i.e., natural corruption, hence it signifies transgression caused by violating the law of Buddha.
bcing ba 	1. bcio-ba and bcings pa  are parts of 'ching ba  SANST, to bind.  2. sbst. bond, fetters (whether of a material, moral or magical nature); zhags pas bcings  tied with rope (Situ. 75).
bcings thag 	= zhags pa  SANST string or rope to bind with; fetter.
bcings pa grol ba 	SANST lit. to untie what is bound; liberation; emancipation.
bcin 	v. cin .  (EEE cin  appears only at one other place in the dictionary, at cin ci li 3, but it is unclear if this is the intended reference.  It may be an error for the common 3gcin pa 3, q.v.)
bcibs +	pf. of 'chib pa , signifying bzhon pa , to mount or ride on a horse; chibs la bcibs  rode on a horse (Situ. 75).
bcir ba 	v. 'chir ba 3.
bcil ba +	pf. of 'jil ba  (Rdo. 46) to abandon, give up; to bring under subjection: dbang po'i sgo lnga'i chags sdang gi  od pa cung zad tsam yang phyir bcil te bsdams so| (Hbrom. kha 36) he brought himself under control by abandoning, at least to a certain extent, the passions of the five senses.
bcu 	or bcu tham pa  ten; bcu phrag  a decade; bcu pa  the tenth; bcu pa dang po  the first ten (of a series); bcu po  the tenth; bcu kha  tithe levied as duty, hence customs-duty; bcu gyur  ten-fold; bcu khag 'don pa  to tithe; to take a tenth.  Syn. stobs ; sor mo ; phyogs ; 'jug pa ; khro bo ; 'byor pa  (Rtsi.).
bcu brgyad bkar khongs 	n. of one of the state treasuries of Tibet.
bcu gcig 	SANST eleven.  Met. syn. bde byed ; bde 'byung ; dbang phyug ; drag ; byed pa  (Rtsi.).
bcu gcig zhal 	the eleven faced deityóa name for the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara.
bcu gnyis 	SANST twelve.  Met. syn. nyi ma ; rten 'brel ; khyim  (Rtsi.).
bcu thebs 	tenfold; also a group or a batch of ten.
bcu drug 	sixteen.  Met. syn. mi bdag ; rgyal po  (Rtsi.).
bcu drug cha 	1. one sixteenth portion.  2. = SANST the lunar crescentóeach of which is one sixteenth of the full moon.
bcu drug bdag po 	1. the full moon; bcu drug bdag po'i dkyil 'khor| the disk of the full moon: sku 'tsho bcu drug bdag po'i dkyil 'khor sgrib med du gsal| his healthy person shone like the spotless disk of the full moon (Yig.).  2. skyu ru ra  SANST, SANST Emblic myrobalan.  Syn. sgra mkhan ; sgra mkhas ; me bzhi skyes ; 'bar ba ldan ; sna tshogs gtsug can ; nyi ma'i rigs skyes ; mtho ris thob ; rig byed bdag ; lha yi bla ma ; lha yi slob dpon  (Moon.).
bcu gnyis mig ldan 	an epithet of Kumara or Sadanana, the youngest son of Mahadeva.
bcu drug bde pa'i cha shas 	maiden of sixteen.
bcu drug 'od ldan 	SANST a name of the planet Venus.
bcu dpon 	a corporal over ten soldiers.
bcu phog 	an allowance every ten days (given to very monk) in the state monasteries of Tibet.
bcu ba 	= 'chu ba .
bcu ban 	a mug for keeping wine or beer enough for ten persons.
bcu bzhi 	fourteen.  Met. syn. srid ; yid ; ma nu ; shed bu  (Rtsi.).
bcu bzhi ston 	SANST a festival kept on the 14th day, i.e., before the full or new moon.
bcu gal 	= do gal che ba  important; phying pa 'chag la khyi lag bcu gal med| (Rdsa. 21).
gcu gsum 	thirteen.  Met. syn. 'dod pa ; lus med ; myos byed ; gdugs ; rim ; sna tshogs  (Rtsi.).
bcug nas 	= lcugs nas  SANST thrown or having poured into.
bcug pa 	pf. of 'jug pa  with, also, the special meanings of; to meddle; to interfere: nged kyi don la khyod lag bcug don med| you have no business to interfere in my affairs (Rdsa.).
bcud 	SANST, SANST  1. sap, juice, moisture.  2. = snying po  or essence: sa yi bcud  the essence of the earth or soil, by which the produce of the field, medicinal plants and precious metals and stones, &c., are said by Tibetans to be produced; therefore this essence is the natural fecundity of the soil and is not the same as moisture or manure; zas kyi bcud  the food nutriment which sustains life and also by which living beings thrive and grow; zla ba'i bcud  the fructifying effect of the moon on the vegetable world which is compared to the nectar of the gods.  3. invigorating cordial; quintessence.
bcud kyi ma 	v. lce 3 SANST organ of taste; SANST the tongue, lit. the mother of all taste.
bcud skyes 	SANST agreeable taste
bcud lnga pa 	= skyu ru ra  SANST Emblic myrobalan.
bcud lnga ldan pa 	= bung pa  the bee; SANST a kind of poisonous insect.
bcud can 	nutritious; bcud med  not nutritious; also insipid.
bcud brtul zhugs 	= bcud 'dzin  that takes or holds the elixir or essence (Moon.).
bcud ldan che 	SANST the nether world.
bcud phra mo 	SANST lit. of mild taste; sweet.
bcud sbyin 	= bcud 'dzin .
bcud mo ldan 	SANST possessed of the essence; sweet, juicy, succulent.
bcud snin pa 	ripe; ripeness.
bcud 'dzin ma 	= 'bab chu  cataract; cascade (Moon.).
bcud len 	or bcud kyi len  SANST the art of extracting essences for prolonging health and longevity, such essences as being of different kinds, viz.:- ting nge 'dzin gyi bcud len  the elixir of meditation; me tog bcud len  the elixir drawn from flowers, i.e., honey; rda'u bcud len  the elixir drawn from pebbles, &c.  Animate beings are metaphorically called bcud  and this world 'jig rten  is called bcud kyi snod  the receptacle of life; animated nature.  (EEE 'jig rten  above is given as 'jig rte  which is clearly incorrect.)
bcud len grub 	SANST [a class of demi-gods]S.
bcud len grub pa'i dngul chu 	SANST, SANST mercurial preparation for making an elixir of life.
bcum pa 	= bskum pa  also bzung ba   1. to become contracted; contraction rdzings kyi shar nub gnyis nas bcum ste| the east and west (sides) of the ship having contracted (A. 18).  2. pf. tense. of 'jum pa .  3. acc. to Sch. to use artifices; to chicane.
bcur pa 	1. to be flattened down (Sch.).  2. colloq. to bar, obstruct, block up by snow; obstructing a road; cf. 'jur ba 3 (J‰.) srang du bcur to  (Situ. 77).
bcus pa 	pf. of bcu pa  (chu bcus ) SANST  1. to draw out water; to irrigate.  2. to distill (Situ. 75).
bcer ba 	1. to heap or pile up; to collect in one place: mkha' 'gro ma mang pos sngags kyi glegs bam mang po bcer nas| (A. 37) many volumes of Mantras having been collected by many Khado-ma.  2. to glare at: bcer te gzigs nas zhal nas 'di skad gsungs| having looked closely at them, he spake thus.  3. colloq. = bcir ba  to squeeze; to press.
bco 	for bcu  in, bco lnga  15, and bco lnga  15, and bco brgyad  18.
bco brgyad 	eighteen.  Syn. nyes ; skyon ; khams  (Rtsi.).
bco lnga 	fifteen.  Met. syn. tshes ; nyin ; zhag  (Rtsi.).
bco lnga mchod pa 	the religious service that is observed on the fifteenth of the first Tibetan month (February-March) at Lhasa when the Kinkhording, the grand temple of Buddha, is illuminated.
bco pa 	a colt one year old.
bco ba 	pf. and imp. bcos , prop. root of the fut. tense of 'chos pa , but in W. the usual word for byed pa , to make, perform; to prepare, manufacture, construct.  It is employed in all kinds of phrases (J‰.).
bcog pa 	to reduce, cut down: zla ba rer bcu zur bcog "every month makes it less by ten" (Rtsii.); bcog rtsis  the account or calculation of reduction (of pay, allowance, &c.).
bcom 	SANST success; victory; triumph.
bcom bskyungs pa 	to speak in low voice or to keep silent (out of fright); 'phrog bcom  robbery and acts of violence.
bcom ldan 	victorious, blessed, triumphant (over enemies).
bcom ldan 'das 	SANST