The Nutrition and Activity Ontology (NAct) is designed to drive personalised nutritional and physical activity recommendations and effectively support healthy living, through a reasoning-based AI decision support system. NAct coalesces nutritional, medical, behavioural and lifestyle indicators with dietary and physical activity directives.
The Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH) - Information Technologies Institute (ITI)
Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode
NAct: The Νutrition & Activity Ontology
### Current version: The NAct (Nutrition & Activity) ontology is originally developed in the premises of the H2020 IA project PROTEIN (https://protein-h2020.eu/). #### Main health and nutrition expertise contribution: Elena Lalama (Charité) #### Health, nutrition and dietetics guidelines: Saskia L. Wilson-Barnes (University of Surrey), Kathryn Hart (University of Surrey), Véronique Cornelissen (KU Leuven), Roselien Buys (KU Leuven), Ioannis Pagkalos (International Hellenic University), Sofia Balula Dias (Universidade de Lisboa) #### Scientific supevision: Kosmas Dimitropoulos (CERTH-ITI) Petros Daras (CERTH-ITI)
Vitamin_A
Alcoholic_beverage
Was: ExCod_liver_oil
Was: ExCrustShellfish
Was: ExDairy
Was: ExEgg
Was: ExFish
Was: ExFish_oil
Was: ExMeat
Was: ExMollusc
Was: ExPork
Was: ExRabbit
Was: ExRedMeat
Was: ExSeafood
Was: ExSugar
Legacy only, maintained for functional purposes only. No axioms are expected to be included in this version.
TODO: detangle all. Leave only one preferred label, add others to alt labels.
Vitamin_B
Thiamin
Vitamin_B1
Cobalamin
Vitamin_B12
Riboflavin
Vitamin_B2
Niacin
Vitamin_B3
Not a vitamin, but often grouped with the vitamin B complex due to its similarities
Choline
Vitamin_B4
Pantothenic_acid
Vitamin_B5
Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate
Pyridoxamine
Pyridoxine
Vitamin_B6
Biotin
Vitamin_B7
Folate
Folic_acid
Vitamin_B9
Body_Mass_Index
Basal_Metabolic_Rate
Beans can prevent heart disease Beans can fight cancer Beans can lower cholesterol Beans can help lose weight Beans can help manage diabetes (decrease blood sugar) -- Beans can cause migraines Beans can raise blood pressure Beans can interfere with vitamin absorption Beans can rigger gout Beans can make you gassy
See again nutrients. Might have been a mix up with root vegetables
Vitamin_C
Cardiovascular_Disease
Wiki note: not accepted as essential nutrients
croûtons
Vitamin_D
Vitamin_D3
Stone_fruit
Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Mono-saccharides and polyols.
Resources cross-check for future release: FODMAPs found in: Apples (x), Soft cheeses (x), Honey (x), Milk (v), Artichokes (x), Bread (v), Beans (v), Lentils (v), Beer (v).
Unique case (with child) of both Food and Nutrient. Might be revised in the future.
Helper classes, to group frquently used complex concepts in GCIs. Purpose: reduce reasoning KB, increase reasoning efficiency.
Botanically, grapes are berries, Nutritionally, if they don't share most pertinent attributes, they should be removed from this category.
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
High_intensity_interval_training
Helper class, for constructing the User KB. Please refer to main publication for usage example.
Dietary iron is found in two forms: heme and nonheme iron. Red meat (beef, lamb, and pork) has a 10-fold higher heme content than white meat (e.g., chicken) (Hooda et al., 2014).
Vitamin_K1
Vitamin_K2
Botanically, kiwis are berries, Nutritionally, if they don't share most pertinent attributes, they should be removed from this category.
Defined as lacto-ovo NON pescatarians (so exclude Fish). Axioms correspond completely to the parent concept "Vegetarian"
Low_salt
Semi-sweet
Trace mineral
It is naturally low in sodium and calories, as well as fat-free, sugar-free, gluten-free and vegan.
BMI >= 30
25 < BMI < 30
Kaki
Previous_myocardial_infarction
Salt placed in food (substance), as it consists of a compound of different minerals (typically sodium+chloride, although other minerals may be present in smaller traces, e.g. see @Sea_salt).
Κρίταμο
To see if to add: "retains trace levels of minerals like magnesium, potassium, calcium and other nutrients".
TODO: 1. detangle with Soyabean - maintain only one, synonyms on annotations. Do not lose axioms. 2. Add soy sauce (common condiment), detangle from others and apply respective connections.
Soya
TODO: detangle with Soybean - maintain only one, synonyms on annotations. Do not lose axioms.
Soy_milk
TODO: detangle with Soya_bean - maintain only one, synonyms on annotations. Do not lose axioms.
TODO: chrosscheck resources: a good source of fiber, protein, iron, vitamin E and several of the B vitamins, rich source of the healthy mono- and polyunsaturated fats - however, they're also a source of saturated fatty acids
Total_Daily_Energy_Expenditure
Table salt is mined from salt deposits and then processed to give it a fine texture so it’s easier to mix and use in recipes. This processing strips table salt of any minerals, and additives may be used to prevent clumping.
skos:altLabel Dehydration may be revised in future releases
Dehydration
Was: excludeActivity
Was: excludeFood
Was: restrictNutrient
Used for complex food breakdown to constituent (simpler) foods.
Currently used for somewhat substantial participation of nutrient to food.
Legacy only, maintained for functional purposes only. Example usage in one axiom. No further axioms are expected to be included in this version.
Used for constructing the User KB. Please refer to main publication for usage example.
Exploratory relation. Used to infer if a given activity may contribute to the requirements of a goal, condition, type of user, or other relevant class.
Exploratory relation. Used to infer if a given nutrient may contribute to the requirements of a goal, condition, type of user, or other relevant class.
Legacy only, maintained for functional purposes only. No further axioms are expected to be included in this version.
Used to construct recommendation candidate profiles (as GCIs). Refer to main publication for complete usage example.
some hasPreference Vegetable SubClassOf <unique usernameuser identifier as class>
Was: hasInterest
High participation of nutrient to food.
Used to construct recommendation candidate profiles, e.g. meal profiles, activity profiles, restaurant menu item profiles (as GCIs). Refer to main publication for complete usage example.
some includes Spinach SubClassOf <unique identifier of candidate meal as class>
Low participation of nutrient to food.