GO
2021-02-15
definition
If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then it also holds that R -> P o Q. Note that this cannot be expressed directly in OWL
is a defining property chain axiom
If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R.
is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive
BRAND NAME
IUPAC NAME
Preliminary entries
Manually annotated by ChEBI Team
uberon
dc-contributor
true
dc-contributor
contributor
subset_property
has_alternative_id
has_broad_synonym
database_cross_reference
has_exact_synonym
has_narrow_synonym
has_obo_namespace
has_related_synonym
has_synonym_type
in_subset
shorthand
treat-xrefs-as-equivalent
is part of
my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
part_of
BFO:0000050
external
quality
uberon
part_of
part_of
part of
part of
part_of
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of
has part
my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)
this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)
Q1 has_part Q2 if and only if: every instance of Q1 is a quality_of an entity that has_quality some Q2.
a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.
has_part
BFO:0000051
chebi_ontology
external
quality
uberon
has_part
false
has_part
We use the has_part relation to relate complex qualities to more primitive ones. A complex quality is a collection of qualities. The complex quality cannot exist without the sub-qualities. For example, the quality 'swollen' necessarily comes with the qualities of 'protruding' and 'increased size'.
has part
has part
has_part
Q1 has_part Q2 if and only if: every instance of Q1 is a quality_of an entity that has_quality some Q2.
PATOC:CJM
preceded by
X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)
x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other.
is preceded by
preceded_by
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by
BFO:0000062
is preceded by
takes place after
uberon
preceded_by
preceded_by
preceded by
preceded_by
is preceded by
SIO:000249
takes place after
Allen:precedes
precedes
x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
BFO:0000063
uberon
precedes
precedes
precedes
precedes
occurs in
b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
occurs_in
unfolds in
unfolds_in
Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
occurs in
site of
[copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
contains process
x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer
cjm
2009-07-31T02:15:46Z
BSPO:0000096
uberon
anterior_to
anterior_to
anterior_to
x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer
x distal_to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal).
BSPO:0000097
uberon
distal_to
distal_to
distal_to
x distal_to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal).
x dorsal_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
BSPO:0000098
uberon
dorsal_to
dorsal_to
dorsal_to
x dorsal_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
x posterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail.
BSPO:0000099
caudal_to
uberon
posterior_to
posterior_to
posterior_to
x posterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail.
x proximal_to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y.
BSPO:0000100
uberon
proximal_to
proximal_to
proximal_to
x proximal_to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y.
x ventral_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
BSPO:0000102
uberon
ventral_to
ventral_to
ventral_to
x ventral_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
Further away from the surface of the organism. Thus, the muscular layer is deep to the skin, but superficial to the intestines.
BSPO:0000107
uberon
deep_to
deep_to
deep_to
Further away from the surface of the organism. Thus, the muscular layer is deep to the skin, but superficial to the intestines.
Near the outer surface of the organism. Thus, skin is superficial to the muscle layer.
BSPO:0000108
uberon
superficial_to
superficial_to
superficial_to
Near the outer surface of the organism. Thus, skin is superficial to the muscle layer.
X posterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the posterior portion.
BSPO:0000122
uberon
in_posterior_side_of
in_posterior_side_of
in_posterior_side_of
X posterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the posterior portion.
BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009
X anterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the anterior portion.
BSPO:0000123
uberon
in_anterior_side_of
in_anterior_side_of
in_anterior_side_of
X anterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the anterior portion.
BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009
X proximal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the proximal portion.
BSPO:0000124
uberon
in_proximal_side_of
in_proximal_side_of
in_proximal_side_of
X proximal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the proximal portion.
BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009
X distal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the distal portion.
BSPO:0000125
uberon
in_distal_side_of
in_distal_side_of
in_distal_side_of
X distal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the distal portion.
BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009
X in_lateral_side_of Y <=> if X is in_left_side_of Y or X is in_right_side_of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure
BSPO:0000126
uberon
in_lateral_side_of
in_lateral_side_of
in_lateral_side_of
https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern
X in_lateral_side_of Y <=> if X is in_left_side_of Y or X is in_right_side_of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure
X proximalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y
BSPO:0001106
uberon
proximalmost_part_of
proximalmost_part_of
proximalmost_part_of
X proximalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y
This relation holds when both the deep_to and ajdacent_to relationship similarly hold.
BSPO:0001107
uberon
immediately_deep_to
immediately_deep_to
immediately_deep_to
This relation holds when both the deep_to and ajdacent_to relationship similarly hold.
X distalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y
BSPO:0001108
uberon
distalmost_part_of
distalmost_part_of
distalmost_part_of
X distalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y
inheres in
this fragility inheres in this vase
this red color inheres in this apple
a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists.
inheres_in
inheres in
bearer of
this apple is bearer of this red color
this vase is bearer of this fragility
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist.
bearer_of
is bearer of
RO:0000053
uberon
bearer_of
bearer_of
bearer of
bearer of
participates in
this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation
this input material (or this output material) participates in this process
this investigator participates in this investigation
a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
participates_in
participates in
has participant
this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
this investigation has participant this investigator
this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time.
has_participant
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant
has participant
this red color is a quality of this apple
a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists.
is quality of
quality_of
quality of
this investigator role is a role of this person
a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
is role of
role_of
role of
this apple has quality this red color
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist.
has_quality
RO:0000086
uberon
has_quality
has_quality
has quality
has quality
this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
has_role
RO:0000087
chebi_ontology
has_role
false
false
has_role
has role
has role
RO:0001015
uberon
location_of
location_of
location_of
RO:0001019
uberon
contains
contains
contains
RO:0001025
uberon
located_in
located_in
located_in
RO:0002002
uberon
has_boundary
has_boundary
has boundary
RO:0002007
uberon
bounding_layer_of
bounding_layer_of
A relationship that applies between a continuant and its outer, bounding layer. Examples include the relationship between a multicellular organism and its integument, between an animal cell and its plasma membrane, and between a membrane bound organelle and its outer/bounding membrane.
bounding layer of
A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B.
dos
2017-05-24T09:30:46Z
has regulatory component activity
A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B.
dos
2017-05-24T09:31:01Z
By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function. Internal regulatory functions are treated as components. For example, NMDA glutmate receptor activity is a cation channel activity with positive regulatory component 'glutamate binding' and negative regulatory components including 'zinc binding' and 'magnesium binding'.
has negative regulatory component activity
A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B.
dos
2017-05-24T09:31:17Z
By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function and internal regulatory functions are treated as components. So, for example calmodulin has a protein binding activity that has positive regulatory component activity calcium binding activity. Receptor tyrosine kinase activity is a tyrosine kinase activity that has positive regulatory component 'ligand binding'.
has positive regulatory component activity
dos
2017-05-24T09:44:33Z
A 'has component activity' B if A is A and B are molecular functions (GO_0003674) and A has_component B.
has component activity
w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type.
dos
2017-05-24T09:49:21Z
has component process
dos
2017-09-17T13:52:24Z
Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2.
directly regulated by
Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2.
GOC:dos
Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1.
dos
2017-09-17T13:52:38Z
directly negatively regulated by
Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1.
GOC:dos
Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1.
dos
2017-09-17T13:52:47Z
directly positively regulated by
Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1.
GOC:dos
A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity.
dos
2017-09-22T14:14:36Z
This relation is designed for constructing compound molecular functions, typically in combination with one or more regulatory component activity relations.
has effector activity
A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity.
GOC:dos
David Osumi-Sutherland
X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)
ends after
X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
David Osumi-Sutherland
starts_at_end_of
A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process immediately precedes another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes[SIO:000251].
RO:0002087
directly preceded by
is directly preceded by
is immediately preceded by
starts_at_end_of
uberon
immediately_preceded_by
immediately_preceded_by
X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
immediately preceded by
immediately_preceded_by
A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process immediately precedes another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes[SIO:000251].
SIO:000251
is immediately preceded by
SIO:000251
David Osumi-Sutherland
ends_at_start_of
meets
X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
immediately precedes
x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
overlaps
true
RO:0002150
uberon
continuous_with
continuous_with
continuous_with
Binary relationship: x connected_to y if and only if there exists some z such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship.
RO:0002170
uberon
connected_to
connected_to
Connection does not imply overlaps.
connected to
Binary relationship: x connected_to y if and only if there exists some z such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship.
Binary relationship: z connects x if and only if there exists some y such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship.
this is currently used for both structural relationships (such as between a valve and the chamber it connects) and abstract relationships (anatomical lines and the entities they connect)
RO:0002176
uberon
connects
connects
connects
Binary relationship: z connects x if and only if there exists some y such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship.
RO:0002177
uberon
attaches_to_part_of
attaches_to_part_of
attaches_to_part_of
true
RO:0002179
drains blood from
drains from
uberon
drains
drains
source: Wikipedia
drains
w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type.
The definition of 'has component' is still under discussion. The challenge is in providing a definition that does not imply transitivity.
For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint, because OWL does not permit cardinality constraints to be used in combination with transitive object properties. In situations where you would want to say something like 'has part exactly 5 digit, you would instead use has_component exactly 5 digit.
has component
x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y
Chris Mungall
David Osumi-Sutherland
Melissa Haendel
Terry Meehan
RO:0002202
uberon
develops_from
develops_from
This is the transitive form of the develops from relation
develops from
develops_from
inverse of develops from
Chris Mungall
David Osumi-Sutherland
Terry Meehan
RO:0002203
uberon
develops_into
develops_into
develops into
develops_into
process(P1) regulates process(P2) iff: P1 results in the initiation or termination of P2 OR affects the frequency of its initiation or termination OR affects the magnitude or rate of output of P2.
We use 'regulates' here to specifically imply control. However, many colloquial usages of the term correctly correspond to the weaker relation of 'causally upstream of or within' (aka influences). Consider relabeling to make things more explicit
Chris Mungall
David Hill
Tanya Berardini
GO
Regulation precludes parthood; the regulatory process may not be within the regulated process.
regulates (processual)
false
RO:0002211
external
regulates
regulates
regulates
regulates
Process(P1) negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 terminates P2, or P1 descreases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2.
Chris Mungall
negatively regulates (process to process)
negatively regulates
Process(P1) postively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 initiates P2, or P1 increases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2.
Chris Mungall
positively regulates (process to process)
positively regulates
mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974)
osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption'
A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process.
Chris Mungall
has function realized in
For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)".
RO_0000053 some (RO_0000054 only ?Y)
capable of
c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p.
Chris Mungall
has function in
RO_0000053 some (RO_0000054 only (BFO_0000050 some ?Y))
capable of part of
true
x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y
RO:0002219
uberon
surrounded_by
surrounded_by
surrounded_by
x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y
x adjacent_to y iff: x and y share a boundary
RO:0002220
uberon
adjacent_to
adjacent_to
adjacent_to
inverse of surrounded_by
RO:0002221
uberon
surrounds
surrounds
surrounds
inverse of surrounded_by
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1
A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations.
temporally related to
Relation between occurrents, shares a start boundary with.
RO:0002223
uberon
starts
starts
starts
Relation between occurrents, shares a start boundary with.
Allen:starts
RO:0002224
uberon
starts_with
starts_with
starts with
Relation between occurrents, shares an end boundary with.
RO:0002229
finishes
uberon
ends
ends
ends
Relation between occurrents, shares an end boundary with.
Allen:starts
ZFS:finishes
RO:0002230
uberon
ends_with
ends_with
ends with
p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p.
Chris Mungall
consumes
has input
Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 3; Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 4 [Kardong]
x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y
Chris Mungall
RO:0002254
uberon
has_developmental_contribution_from
has_developmental_contribution_from
has developmental contribution from
has developmental contribution from
inverse of has developmental contribution from
Chris Mungall
RO:0002255
uberon
developmentally_contributes_to
developmentally_contributes_to
developmentally contributes to
developmentally_contributes_to
t1 developmentally_induced_by t2 if there is a process of organ induction (GO:0001759) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor tissue type T to T', where T' develops_from T.
RO:0002256
uberon
developmentally_induced_by
developmentally_induced_by
sources for developmentally_induced_by relationships in Uberon: Developmental Biology, Gilbert, 8th edition, figure 6.5(F)
developmentally_induced_by
t1 developmentally_induced_by t2 if there is a process of organ induction (GO:0001759) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor tissue type T to T', where T' develops_from T.
GO:0001759
Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p
false
Chris Mungall
In general you should not use this relation to make assertions - use one of the more specific relations below this one
This relation groups together various other developmental relations. It is fairly generic, encompassing induction, developmental contribution and direct and transitive develops from
developmentally preceded by
A faulty traffic light (material entity) whose malfunctioning (a process) is causally upstream of a traffic collision (a process): the traffic light acts upstream of the collision.
c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes.
acts upstream of
A gene product that has some activity, where that activity may be a part of a pathway or upstream of the pathway.
c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process.
affects
acts upstream of or within
RO:0002285
uberon
developmentally_replaces
developmentally_replaces
developmentally_replaces
Inverse of developmentally preceded by
Chris Mungall
developmentally succeeded by
cjm
holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x increases the frequency, rate or extent of y
causally upstream of, positive effect
cjm
holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x decreases the frequency, rate or extent of y
causally upstream of, negative effect
q inheres in part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w.
Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of inheres in part of
Chris Mungall
inheres in part of
true
A mereological relationship or a topological relationship
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships
mereotopologically related to
A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502)
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving organismal development
developmentally related to
a particular instances of akt-2 enables some instance of protein kinase activity
Chris Mungall
catalyzes
executes
has
is catalyzing
is executing
This relation differs from the parent relation 'capable of' in that the parent is weaker and only expresses a capability that may not be actually realized, whereas this relation is always realized.
This relation is currently used experimentally by the Gene Ontology Consortium. It may not be stable and may be obsoleted at some future time.
enables
A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities.
Chris Mungall
This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function
functionally related to
this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p.
Chris Mungall
false
part of structure that is capable of
true
c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p
Chris Mungall
actively involved in
enables part of
involved in
inverse of enables
Chris Mungall
enabled by
inverse of regulates
Chris Mungall
regulated by (processual)
regulated by
inverse of negatively regulates
Chris Mungall
negatively regulated by
inverse of positively regulates
Chris Mungall
positively regulated by
RO:0002350
uberon
member_of
member_of
member of
RO:0002351
uberon
has_member
has_member
has member
inverse of has input
Chris Mungall
input of
RO:0002371
uberon
attaches_to
attaches_to
attaches_to
RO:0002376
uberon
drains into
tributary_of
tributary_of
tributary_of
drains into
dbpowl:drainsTo
we need to check if FMA branch_of implies part_of. the relation we intend to use here should - for example, see vestibulocochlear nerve
RO:0002380
uberon
branching_part_of
branching_part_of
branching_part_of
x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction).
Chris Mungall
has developmental potential involving
x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y
x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y
Chris Mungall
RO:0002385
uberon
has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to
has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to
has potential to developmentally contribute to
has potential to developmentally contribute to
x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y
x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y
Chris Mungall
RO:0002387
uberon
has_potential_to_develop_into
has_potential_to_develop_into
has potential to develop into
has potential to develop into
x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y
Chris Mungall
has potential to directly develop into
inverse of upstream of
Chris Mungall
causally downstream of
Chris Mungall
immediately causally downstream of
This relation groups causal relations between material entities and causal relations between processes
This branch of the ontology deals with causal relations between entities. It is divided into two branches: causal relations between occurrents/processes, and causal relations between material entities. We take an 'activity flow-centric approach', with the former as primary, and define causal relations between material entities in terms of causal relations between occurrents.
To define causal relations in an activity-flow type network, we make use of 3 primitives:
* Temporal: how do the intervals of the two occurrents relate?
* Is the causal relation regulatory?
* Is the influence positive or negative
The first of these can be formalized in terms of the Allen Interval Algebra. Informally, the 3 bins we care about are 'direct', 'indirect' or overlapping. Note that all causal relations should be classified under a RO temporal relation (see the branch under 'temporally related to'). Note that all causal relations are temporal, but not all temporal relations are causal. Two occurrents can be related in time without being causally connected. We take causal influence to be primitive, elucidated as being such that has the upstream changed, some qualities of the donwstream would necessarily be modified.
For the second, we consider a relationship to be regulatory if the system in which the activities occur is capable of altering the relationship to achieve some objective. This could include changing the rate of production of a molecule.
For the third, we consider the effect of the upstream process on the output(s) of the downstream process. If the level of output is increased, or the rate of production of the output is increased, then the direction is increased. Direction can be positive, negative or neutral or capable of either direction. Two positives in succession yield a positive, two negatives in succession yield a positive, otherwise the default assumption is that the net effect is canceled and the influence is neutral.
Each of these 3 primitives can be composed to yield a cross-product of different relation types.
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
causally related to
p is causally upstream of q if and only if p precedes q and p and q are linked in a causal chain
Chris Mungall
causally upstream of
p is immediately causally upstream of q iff both (a) p immediately precedes q and (b) p is causally upstream of q. In addition, the output of p must be an input of q.
Chris Mungall
immediately causally upstream of
p 'causally upstream or within' q iff (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q.
We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2
Chris Mungall
influences (processual)
affects
causally upstream of or within
inverse of causally upstream of or within
Chris Mungall
causally downstream of or within
c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p
Chris Mungall
involved in regulation of
c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p
Chris Mungall
involved in positive regulation of
c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p
Chris Mungall
involved in negative regulation of
c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p
OWL does not allow defining object properties via a Union
Chris Mungall
involved in or reguates
involved in or involved in regulation of
A protein that enables activity in a cytosol.
c executes activity in d if and only if c enables p and p occurs_in d. Assuming no action at a distance by gene products, if a gene product enables (is capable of) a process that occurs in some structure, it must have at least some part in that structure.
Chris Mungall
executes activity in
enables activity in
is active in
true
c executes activity in d if and only if c enables p and p occurs_in d. Assuming no action at a distance by gene products, if a gene product enables (is capable of) a process that occurs in some structure, it must have at least some part in that structure.
GOC:cjm
GOC:dos
RO:0002433
uberon
contributes_to_morphology_of
contributes_to_morphology_of
contributes to morphology of
A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected.
Considering relabeling as 'pairwise interacts with'
This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact.
Chris Mungall
Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules.
in pairwise interaction with
interacts with
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0914
https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/InteractionRelations
An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other.
Chris Mungall
binds
molecularly binds with
molecularly interacts with
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0915
Axiomatization to GO to be added later
Chris Mungall
An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y.
phosphorylates
The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B.
A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B.
Chris Mungall
Vasundra Touré
molecularly controls
directly regulates activity of
The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B.
For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B.
Chris Mungall
Vasundra Touré
directly inhibits
molecularly decreases activity of
directly negatively regulates activity of
The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B.
For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B.
Chris Mungall
Vasundra Touré
directly activates
molecularly increases activity of
directly positively regulates activity of
Chris Mungall
This property or its subproperties is not to be used directly. These properties exist as helper properties that are used to support OWL reasoning.
helper property (not for use in curation)
x composed_primarily_of y iff: more than half of the mass of x is made from parts of y
RO:0002473
uberon
RO:0002473
composed_primarily_of
composed_primarily_of
composed primarily of
p has part that occurs in c if and only if there exists some p1, such that p has_part p1, and p1 occurs in c.
Chris Mungall
has part that occurs in
true
Chris Mungall
is kinase activity
Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing during some s.
RO:0002488
begins_to_exist_during
uberon
RO:0002488
existence_starts_during
existence_starts_during
existence starts during
Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing during some s.
Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c comes into existence at the start of p.
RO:0002489
uberon
existence_starts_with
existence_starts_with
existence starts with
Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c comes into existence at the start of p.
RO:0002491
uberon
existence_starts_and_ends_during
existence_starts_and_ends_during
existence starts and ends during
Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely.
RO:0002492
ceases_to_exist_during
uberon
RO:0002492
existence_ends_during
existence_ends_during
existence ends during
Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely.
Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c ceases to exist at the end of p.
RO:0002493
uberon
existence_ends_with
existence_ends_with
existence ends with
Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c ceases to exist at the end of p.
RO:0002494
transforms from
uberon
transformation_of
transformation_of
transformation of
transforms from
SIO:000657
RO:0002495
direct_transformation_of
immediately transforms from
uberon
immediate_transformation_of
immediate_transformation_of
immediate transformation of
direct_transformation_of
immediately transforms from
SIO:000658
RO:0002496
uberon
existence_starts_during_or_after
existence_starts_during_or_after
existence starts during or after
RO:0002497
uberon
existence_ends_during_or_before
existence_ends_during_or_before
existence ends during or before
A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process
causal agent in process
p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one of direct activation or direct inhibition. p may be upstream, downstream, part of or a container of q.
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
causal relation between processes
Chris Mungall
depends on
q towards e2 if and only if q is a relational quality such that q inheres-in some e, and e != e2 and q is dependent on e2
This relation is provided in order to support the use of relational qualities such as 'concentration of'; for example, the concentration of C in V is a quality that inheres in V, but pertains to C.
Chris Mungall
towards
The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
causal relation between entities
A relation between a subdivision of an organism and the single subdivision of skeleton that provides structural support for that subdivision.
RO:0002551
uberon
has sekeletal support
has supporting framework
has_skeleton
has_skeleton
has skeleton
A relation between a subdivision of an organism and the single subdivision of skeleton that provides structural support for that subdivision.
Chris Mungall
causally influenced by (entity-centric)
causally influenced by
Chris Mungall
interaction relation helper property
https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/InteractionRelations
Chris Mungall
molecular interaction relation helper property
The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size).
Chris Mungall
Vasundra Touré
causally influences (entity-centric)
causally influences
RO:0002569
uberon
has_branching_part
has_branching_part
has branching part
RO:0002572
uberon
luminal_space_of
luminal_space_of
luminal space of
RO:0002576
uberon
skeleton_of
skeleton_of
skeleton of
Process(P1) directly regulates process(P2) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2.
Chris Mungall
directly regulates (processual)
directly regulates
gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell'
s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p
Chris Mungall
has part structure that is capable of
A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity.
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
Chris Mungall
causal relation between material entity and a process
pyrethroid -> growth
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p.
capable of regulating
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p.
capable of negatively regulating
renin -> arteriolar smooth muscle contraction
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p.
capable of positively regulating
Inverse of 'causal agent in process'
process has causal agent
Process(P1) directly postively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly positively regulates P2.
directly positively regulates (process to process)
directly positively regulates
Process(P1) directly negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly negatively regulates P2.
directly negatively regulates (process to process)
directly negatively regulates
RO:0003000
uberon
produces
produces
produces
RO:0003001
uberon
produced_by
produced_by
produced_by
Holds between an entity and an process P where the entity enables some larger compound process, and that larger process has-part P.
cjm
2018-01-25T23:20:13Z
enables subfunction
cjm
2018-01-26T23:49:30Z
acts upstream of or within, positive effect
cjm
2018-01-26T23:49:51Z
acts upstream of or within, negative effect
c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive
cjm
2018-01-26T23:53:14Z
acts upstream of, positive effect
c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative
cjm
2018-01-26T23:53:22Z
acts upstream of, negative effect
cjm
2018-03-13T23:55:05Z
causally upstream of or within, negative effect
cjm
2018-03-13T23:55:19Z
causally upstream of or within, positive effect
The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B.
Vasundra Touré
regulates activity of
chebi_ontology
has_functional_parent
false
false
has functional parent
chebi_ontology
has_parent_hydride
false
false
has parent hydride
chebi_ontology
is_conjugate_acid_of
true
false
is conjugate acid of
chebi_ontology
is_conjugate_base_of
true
false
is conjugate base of
chebi_ontology
is_enantiomer_of
true
false
is enantiomer of
chebi_ontology
is_substituent_group_from
false
false
is substituent group from
by_means
has-input
has_participant
in_response_to
is_about
qualifier
q1 decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) < magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
quality
decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to
This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'decreased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'.
decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to
q1 decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) < magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
PATOC:CJM
q1 different_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) NOT =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
quality
different_in_magnitude_relative_to
different_in_magnitude_relative_to
q1 different_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) NOT =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
PATOC:CJM
q1 increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) > magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
quality
increased_in_magnitude_relative_to
This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'increased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'.
increased_in_magnitude_relative_to
q1 increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) > magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
PATOC:CJM
q1 reciprocal_of q2 if and only if : q1 and q2 are relational qualities and a phenotype e q1 e2 mutually implies a phenotype e2 q2 e.
quality
reciprocal_of
There are frequently two ways to state the same thing: we can say 'spermatocyte lacks asters' or 'asters absent from spermatocyte'. In this case the quality is 'lacking all parts of type' - it is a (relational) quality of the spermatocyte, and it is with respect to instances of 'aster'. One of the popular requirements of PATO is that it continue to support 'absent', so we need to relate statements which use this quality to the 'lacking all parts of type' quality.
reciprocal_of
q1 reciprocal_of q2 if and only if : q1 and q2 are relational qualities and a phenotype e q1 e2 mutually implies a phenotype e2 q2 e.
PATOC:CJM
x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y.
uberon
anteriorly_connected_to
anteriorly connected to
x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y.
carries
uberon
channel_for
channel for
uberon
channels_from
channels_from
uberon
channels_into
channels_into
x is a conduit for y iff y passes through the lumen of x.
uberon
conduit_for
conduit for
x distally_connected_to y iff the distal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x proximal_to y.
uberon
distally_connected_to
distally connected to
x distally_connected_to y iff the distal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x proximal_to y.
Relationship between a fluid and a material entity, where the fluid is the output of a realization of a filtration role that inheres in the material entity.
uberon
filtered_through
Relationship between a fluid and a filtration barrier, where the portion of fluid arises as a transformation of another portion of fluid on the other side of the barrier, with larger particles removed
filtered through
x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y.
uberon
posteriorly_connected_to
posteriorly connected to
x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y.
uberon
protects
protects
x proximally_connected_to y iff the proximal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x distal_to y.
uberon
proximally_connected_to
proximally connected to
x proximally_connected_to y iff the proximal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x distal_to y.
uberon
subdivision_of
placeholder relation. X = 'subdivision of A' and subdivision_of some B means that X is the mereological sum of A and B
subdivision of
.
uberon
transitively_anteriorly_connected_to
transitively anteriorly connected to
.
uberon
transitively_connected_to
transitively_connected to
.
uberon
transitively_distally_connected_to
transitively distally connected to
.
.
uberon
transitively_proximally_connected_to
transitively proximally connected to
.
An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
continuant
An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time.
occurrent
A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
independent continuant
An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t.
process
A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
realizable entity
quality
A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
specifically dependent continuant
A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
role
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
material entity
anatomical entity
biological entity
Elementary particle not affected by the strong force having a spin 1/2, a negative elementary charge and a rest mass of 0.000548579903(13) u, or 0.51099906(15) MeV.
-1
0.000548579903
0.0
KEGG:C05359
PMID:21614077
Wikipedia:Electron
electron
chebi_ontology
Elektron
beta
beta(-)
beta-particle
e
e(-)
e-
negatron
CHEBI:10545
electron
PMID:21614077
Europe PMC
electron
ChEBI
electron
IUPAC
electron
KEGG_COMPOUND
Elektron
ChEBI
beta
IUPAC
beta(-)
ChEBI
beta-particle
IUPAC
e
IUPAC
e(-)
UniProt
e-
KEGG_COMPOUND
negatron
IUPAC
Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Mycoplasma genitalium.
chebi_ontology
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolites
CHEBI:131604
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolites
ChEBI
Any organic compound having an initial boiling point less than or equal to 250 degreeC (482 degreeF) measured at a standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa.
Wikipedia:Volatile_organic_compound
chebi_ontology
VOC
VOCs
volatile organic compounds
CHEBI:134179
volatile organic compound
VOC
ChEBI
VOCs
ChEBI
volatile organic compounds
ChEBI
An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidine bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position 2.
0
C10H14N2
InChI=1S/C10H14N2/c1-12-7-3-5-10(12)9-4-2-6-11-8-9/h2,4,6,8,10H,3,5,7H2,1H3
SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
162.232
162.11570
C=1C=C(C2N(CCC2)C)C=NC1
3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:138000
3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
IUPAC
Any main group molecular entity that is gaseous at standard temperature and pressure (STP; 0degreeC and 100 kPa).
Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas
chebi_ontology
gas molecular entities
gaseous molecular entities
gaseous molecular entity
CHEBI:138675
gas molecular entity
gas molecular entities
ChEBI
gaseous molecular entities
ChEBI
gaseous molecular entity
ChEBI
A molecular entity that can accept an electron, a pair of electrons, an atom or a group from another molecular entity.
CHEBI:13699
CHEBI:2377
KEGG:C00028
KEGG:C16722
Acceptor
chebi_ontology
A
Akzeptor
Hydrogen-acceptor
Oxidized donor
accepteur
CHEBI:15339
acceptor
Acceptor
KEGG_COMPOUND
A
KEGG_COMPOUND
Akzeptor
ChEBI
Hydrogen-acceptor
KEGG_COMPOUND
Oxidized donor
KEGG_COMPOUND
accepteur
ChEBI
An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
0
H2O
InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
18.01530
18.01056
[H]O[H]
CHEBI:10743
CHEBI:13352
CHEBI:27313
CHEBI:42043
CHEBI:42857
CHEBI:43228
CHEBI:44292
CHEBI:44701
CHEBI:44819
CHEBI:5585
Beilstein:3587155
CAS:7732-18-5
Gmelin:117
HMDB:HMDB0002111
KEGG:C00001
KEGG:D00001
MetaCyc:WATER
MolBase:1
PDBeChem:HOH
Reaxys:3587155
Wikipedia:Water
WATER
Water
oxidane
water
chebi_ontology
BOUND WATER
H2O
HOH
Wasser
[OH2]
acqua
agua
aqua
dihydridooxygen
dihydrogen oxide
eau
hydrogen hydroxide
CHEBI:15377
water
Beilstein:3587155
Beilstein
CAS:7732-18-5
ChemIDplus
CAS:7732-18-5
KEGG COMPOUND
CAS:7732-18-5
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Gmelin:117
Gmelin
Reaxys:3587155
Reaxys
WATER
PDBeChem
Water
KEGG_COMPOUND
oxidane
IUPAC
water
IUPAC
BOUND WATER
PDBeChem
H2O
KEGG_COMPOUND
H2O
UniProt
HOH
ChEBI
Wasser
ChEBI
[OH2]
IUPAC
acqua
ChEBI
agua
ChEBI
aqua
ChEBI
dihydridooxygen
IUPAC
dihydrogen oxide
IUPAC
eau
ChEBI
hydrogen hydroxide
ChEBI
A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.
0
CH3OR
31.034
31.01839
*C(O)([H])[H]
CHEBI:13676
CHEBI:14887
CHEBI:26262
CHEBI:57489
CHEBI:8406
KEGG:C00226
Primary alcohol
chebi_ontology
1-Alcohol
a primary alcohol
primary alcohols
CHEBI:15734
primary alcohol
Primary alcohol
KEGG_COMPOUND
1-Alcohol
KEGG_COMPOUND
a primary alcohol
UniProt
primary alcohols
ChEBI
An azane that consists of a single nitrogen atom covelently bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
0
H3N
InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3
QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
17.03056
17.02655
[H]N([H])[H]
CHEBI:13405
CHEBI:13406
CHEBI:13407
CHEBI:13771
CHEBI:22533
CHEBI:44269
CHEBI:44284
CHEBI:44404
CHEBI:7434
Beilstein:3587154
CAS:7664-41-7
Drug_Central:4625
Gmelin:79
HMDB:HMDB0000051
KEGG:C00014
KEGG:D02916
KNApSAcK:C00007267
MetaCyc:AMMONIA
MolBase:930
PDBeChem:NH3
PMID:110589
PMID:11139349
PMID:11540049
PMID:11746427
PMID:11783653
PMID:13753780
PMID:14663195
PMID:15092448
PMID:15094021
PMID:15554424
PMID:15969015
PMID:16008360
PMID:16050680
PMID:16348008
PMID:16349403
PMID:16614889
PMID:16664306
PMID:16842901
PMID:17025297
PMID:17439666
PMID:17569513
PMID:17737668
PMID:18670398
PMID:22002069
PMID:22081570
PMID:22088435
PMID:22100291
PMID:22130175
PMID:22150211
PMID:22240068
PMID:22290316
PMID:22342082
PMID:22385337
PMID:22443779
PMID:22560242
Reaxys:3587154
Wikipedia:Ammonia
AMMONIA
Ammonia
ammonia
azane
chebi_ontology
Ammoniak
NH3
R-717
[NH3]
ammoniac
amoniaco
spirit of hartshorn
CHEBI:16134
ammonia
Beilstein:3587154
Beilstein
CAS:7664-41-7
ChemIDplus
CAS:7664-41-7
KEGG COMPOUND
CAS:7664-41-7
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Drug_Central:4625
DrugCentral
Gmelin:79
Gmelin
PMID:110589
Europe PMC
PMID:11139349
Europe PMC
PMID:11540049
Europe PMC
PMID:11746427
Europe PMC
PMID:11783653
Europe PMC
PMID:13753780
Europe PMC
PMID:14663195
Europe PMC
PMID:15092448
Europe PMC
PMID:15094021
Europe PMC
PMID:15554424
Europe PMC
PMID:15969015
Europe PMC
PMID:16008360
Europe PMC
PMID:16050680
Europe PMC
PMID:16348008
Europe PMC
PMID:16349403
Europe PMC
PMID:16614889
Europe PMC
PMID:16664306
Europe PMC
PMID:16842901
Europe PMC
PMID:17025297
Europe PMC
PMID:17439666
Europe PMC
PMID:17569513
Europe PMC
PMID:17737668
Europe PMC
PMID:18670398
Europe PMC
PMID:22002069
Europe PMC
PMID:22081570
Europe PMC
PMID:22088435
Europe PMC
PMID:22100291
Europe PMC
PMID:22130175
Europe PMC
PMID:22150211
Europe PMC
PMID:22240068
Europe PMC
PMID:22290316
Europe PMC
PMID:22342082
Europe PMC
PMID:22385337
Europe PMC
PMID:22443779
Europe PMC
PMID:22560242
Europe PMC
Reaxys:3587154
Reaxys
AMMONIA
PDBeChem
Ammonia
KEGG_COMPOUND
ammonia
IUPAC
azane
IUPAC
Ammoniak
ChemIDplus
NH3
IUPAC
NH3
KEGG_COMPOUND
NH3
UniProt
R-717
ChEBI
[NH3]
MolBase
ammoniac
ChEBI
amoniaco
ChEBI
spirit of hartshorn
ChemIDplus
-1
HO
InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2/p-1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M
17.00734
17.00329
[O-][H]
CHEBI:13365
CHEBI:13419
CHEBI:44641
CHEBI:5594
CAS:14280-30-9
Gmelin:24714
KEGG:C01328
PDBeChem:OH
hydridooxygenate(1-)
hydroxide
oxidanide
chebi_ontology
HO-
HYDROXIDE ION
Hydroxide ion
OH(-)
OH-
CHEBI:16234
hydroxide
CAS:14280-30-9
ChemIDplus
CAS:14280-30-9
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Gmelin:24714
Gmelin
hydridooxygenate(1-)
IUPAC
hydroxide
IUPAC
oxidanide
IUPAC
HO-
KEGG_COMPOUND
HYDROXIDE ION
PDBeChem
Hydroxide ion
KEGG_COMPOUND
OH(-)
IUPAC
OH-
KEGG_COMPOUND
A primary alcohol that is ethane in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group.
0
C2H6O
InChI=1S/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
46.06844
46.04186
CCO
CHEBI:14222
CHEBI:23978
CHEBI:30878
CHEBI:30880
CHEBI:42377
CHEBI:44594
CHEBI:4879
Beilstein:1718733
CAS:64-17-5
DrugBank:DB00898
Drug_Central:1076
Gmelin:787
HMDB:HMDB0000108
KEGG:C00469
KEGG:D00068
KEGG:D06542
KNApSAcK:C00019560
MetaCyc:ETOH
MolBase:858
MolBase:859
PDBeChem:EOH
PMID:11046114
PMID:11090978
PMID:11198720
PMID:11200745
PMID:11262320
PMID:11303910
PMID:11333032
PMID:11505026
PMID:11590970
PMID:11728426
PMID:11750186
PMID:11754521
PMID:11810019
PMID:11826039
PMID:11981228
PMID:12824058
PMID:12829422
PMID:12888778
PMID:12946583
PMID:14674846
PMID:15019421
PMID:15239123
PMID:15285839
PMID:15464411
PMID:15465973
PMID:15749123
PMID:15900217
PMID:15902919
PMID:16084479
PMID:16133132
PMID:16352430
PMID:16390872
PMID:16737463
PMID:16891664
PMID:16934862
PMID:17043811
PMID:17190852
PMID:17663926
PMID:17687877
PMID:18095657
PMID:18249266
PMID:18320157
PMID:18347649
PMID:18408978
PMID:18411066
PMID:18456322
PMID:18513832
PMID:18922656
PMID:18925476
PMID:19280886
PMID:19359288
PMID:19384566
PMID:19458312
PMID:19851413
PMID:19901811
PMID:21600756
PMID:21762181
PMID:21881875
PMID:21967628
PMID:22019193
PMID:22222864
PMID:22261437
PMID:22286266
PMID:22306018
PMID:22331491
PMID:22336593
PPDB:1373
Reaxys:1718733
UM-BBD_compID:c0038
Wikipedia:Ethanol
ETHANOL
Ethanol
ethanol
chebi_ontology
1-hydroxyethane
Aethanol
Aethylalkohol
Alkohol
C2H5OH
Dehydrated ethanol
EtOH
Ethyl alcohol
Methylcarbinol
[CH2Me(OH)]
[OEtH]
alcohol
alcohol etilico
alcool ethylique
etanol
hydroxyethane
spiritus vini
CHEBI:16236
ethanol
Beilstein:1718733
Beilstein
CAS:64-17-5
ChemIDplus
CAS:64-17-5
KEGG COMPOUND
CAS:64-17-5
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Drug_Central:1076
DrugCentral
Gmelin:787
Gmelin
PMID:11046114
Europe PMC
PMID:11090978
Europe PMC
PMID:11198720
Europe PMC
PMID:11200745
Europe PMC
PMID:11262320
Europe PMC
PMID:11303910
Europe PMC
PMID:11333032
Europe PMC
PMID:11505026
Europe PMC
PMID:11590970
Europe PMC
PMID:11728426
Europe PMC
PMID:11750186
Europe PMC
PMID:11754521
Europe PMC
PMID:11810019
Europe PMC
PMID:11826039
Europe PMC
PMID:11981228
Europe PMC
PMID:12824058
Europe PMC
PMID:12829422
Europe PMC
PMID:12888778
Europe PMC
PMID:12946583
Europe PMC
PMID:14674846
Europe PMC
PMID:15019421
Europe PMC
PMID:15239123
Europe PMC
PMID:15285839
Europe PMC
PMID:15464411
Europe PMC
PMID:15465973
Europe PMC
PMID:15749123
Europe PMC
PMID:15900217
Europe PMC
PMID:15902919
Europe PMC
PMID:16084479
Europe PMC
PMID:16133132
Europe PMC
PMID:16352430
Europe PMC
PMID:16390872
Europe PMC
PMID:16737463
Europe PMC
PMID:16891664
Europe PMC
PMID:16934862
Europe PMC
PMID:17043811
Europe PMC
PMID:17190852
Europe PMC
PMID:17663926
Europe PMC
PMID:17687877
Europe PMC
PMID:18095657
Europe PMC
PMID:18249266
Europe PMC
PMID:18320157
Europe PMC
PMID:18347649
Europe PMC
PMID:18408978
Europe PMC
PMID:18411066
Europe PMC
PMID:18456322
Europe PMC
PMID:18513832
Europe PMC
PMID:18922656
Europe PMC
PMID:18925476
Europe PMC
PMID:19280886
Europe PMC
PMID:19359288
Europe PMC
PMID:19384566
Europe PMC
PMID:19458312
Europe PMC
PMID:19851413
Europe PMC
PMID:19901811
Europe PMC
PMID:21600756
Europe PMC
PMID:21762181
Europe PMC
PMID:21881875
Europe PMC
PMID:21967628
Europe PMC
PMID:22019193
Europe PMC
PMID:22222864
Europe PMC
PMID:22261437
Europe PMC
PMID:22286266
Europe PMC
PMID:22306018
Europe PMC
PMID:22331491
Europe PMC
PMID:22336593
Europe PMC
Reaxys:1718733
Reaxys
UM-BBD_compID:c0038
UM-BBD
ETHANOL
PDBeChem
Ethanol
KEGG_COMPOUND
ethanol
ChEBI
ethanol
IUPAC
ethanol
UniProt
1-hydroxyethane
ChemIDplus
Aethanol
ChemIDplus
Aethylalkohol
ChemIDplus
Alkohol
ChemIDplus
C2H5OH
ChEBI
Dehydrated ethanol
KEGG_DRUG
EtOH
ChemIDplus
Ethyl alcohol
KEGG_COMPOUND
Methylcarbinol
KEGG_COMPOUND
[CH2Me(OH)]
MolBase
[OEtH]
MolBase
alcohol
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
alcohol etilico
ChEBI
alcool ethylique
ChemIDplus
etanol
ChEBI
hydroxyethane
ChemIDplus
spiritus vini
ChEBI
A morphinane alkaloid that is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug. Morphine acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain but has a high potential for addiction, with tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence developing rapidly. Morphine is the most abundant opiate found in Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy).
0
C17H19NO3
InChI=1S/C17H19NO3/c1-18-7-6-17-10-3-5-13(20)16(17)21-15-12(19)4-2-9(14(15)17)8-11(10)18/h2-5,10-11,13,16,19-20H,6-8H2,1H3/t10-,11+,13-,16-,17-/m0/s1
BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N
285.33770
285.13649
[H][C@]12C=C[C@H](O)[C@@H]3Oc4c(O)ccc5C[C@H]1N(C)CC[C@@]23c45
CHEBI:14622
CHEBI:25419
CHEBI:44202
CHEBI:7001
Beilstein:93704
CAS:57-27-2
DrugBank:DB00295
Drug_Central:1845
KEGG:C01516
KEGG:D08233
KNApSAcK:C00001889
MetaCyc:MORPHINE
PDB:1Q0Y
PDBeChem:MOI
PMID:12593758
PMID:15019787
PMID:17171884
PMID:17667569
PMID:19371311
PMID:20071451
PMID:23292329
PMID:23325235
PMID:23555556
PMID:23927484
PMID:23988259
PMID:24096538
PMID:24306419
PMID:27735107
PMID:27815868
PMID:27866460
PMID:29368335
PMID:9231550
Reaxys:93704
VSDB:2982
Wikipedia:Morphine
17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-3,6alpha-diol
Morphine
chebi_ontology
(-)-morphine
(5R,6S,9R,13S,14R)-4,5-epoxy-N-methyl-7-morphinen-3,6-diol
(5alpha,6alpha)-17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol
(5alpha,6alpha)-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol
(7R,7AS,12BS)-3-METHYL-2,3,4,4A,7,7A-HEXAHYDRO-1H-4,12-METHANO[1]BENZOFURO[3,2-E]ISOQUINOLINE-7,9-DIOL
Morphia
Morphin
morfina
morphinum
morphium
CHEBI:17303
morphine
Beilstein:93704
Beilstein
CAS:57-27-2
ChemIDplus
CAS:57-27-2
KEGG COMPOUND
CAS:57-27-2
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Drug_Central:1845
DrugCentral
PMID:12593758
Europe PMC
PMID:15019787
Europe PMC
PMID:17171884
Europe PMC
PMID:17667569
Europe PMC
PMID:19371311
Europe PMC
PMID:20071451
Europe PMC
PMID:23292329
Europe PMC
PMID:23325235
Europe PMC
PMID:23555556
Europe PMC
PMID:23927484
Europe PMC
PMID:23988259
Europe PMC
PMID:24096538
Europe PMC
PMID:24306419
Europe PMC
PMID:27735107
Europe PMC
PMID:27815868
Europe PMC
PMID:27866460
Europe PMC
PMID:29368335
Europe PMC
PMID:9231550
Europe PMC
Reaxys:93704
Reaxys
17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-3,6alpha-diol
IUPAC
Morphine
KEGG_COMPOUND
(-)-morphine
ChemIDplus
(5R,6S,9R,13S,14R)-4,5-epoxy-N-methyl-7-morphinen-3,6-diol
ChemIDplus
(5alpha,6alpha)-17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol
ChEBI
(5alpha,6alpha)-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
(7R,7AS,12BS)-3-METHYL-2,3,4,4A,7,7A-HEXAHYDRO-1H-4,12-METHANO[1]BENZOFURO[3,2-E]ISOQUINOLINE-7,9-DIOL
PDBeChem
Morphia
ChemIDplus
Morphin
ChemIDplus
morfina
ChEBI
morphinum
ChemIDplus
morphium
ChemIDplus
A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.
0
C10H14N2
InChI=1S/C10H14N2/c1-12-7-3-5-10(12)9-4-2-6-11-8-9/h2,4,6,8,10H,3,5,7H2,1H3/t10-/m0/s1
SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N
162.232
162.11570
C=1C=C([C@]2(N(CCC2)C)[H])C=NC1
CHEBI:14653
CHEBI:25536
CHEBI:44268
CHEBI:7562
BPDB:485
Beilstein:3604351
Beilstein:82109
CAS:54-11-5
DrugBank:DB00184
Drug_Central:1920
HMDB:HMDB0001934
KEGG:C00745
KEGG:D03365
KNApSAcK:C00002057
LINCS:LSM-2093
MetaCyc:NICOTINE
PDBeChem:NCT
PMID:11209966
PMID:11322615
PMID:11406005
PMID:11719700
PMID:11768184
PMID:11821649
PMID:11851194
PMID:12575980
PMID:12692774
PMID:12769614
PMID:12850578
PMID:12971663
PMID:13590907
PMID:14674846
PMID:14761239
PMID:14975706
PMID:15019421
PMID:15027713
PMID:15251917
PMID:15276225
PMID:15380834
PMID:15502843
PMID:15527885
PMID:15707677
PMID:15734728
PMID:15826609
PMID:15894687
PMID:15902919
PMID:15960296
PMID:15963341
PMID:16059663
PMID:16212709
PMID:16333621
PMID:16370520
PMID:16496293
PMID:17023324
PMID:17206646
PMID:17292347
PMID:17350101
PMID:17498763
PMID:17504235
PMID:17525204
PMID:17560039
PMID:17683794
PMID:18380035
PMID:18383130
PMID:18490768
PMID:18683238
PMID:18685152
PMID:18805442
PMID:18922921
PMID:19100291
PMID:19100331
PMID:19287496
PMID:19389046
PMID:19448649
PMID:19465085
PMID:19850423
PMID:19954906
PMID:21521420
PMID:21636612
PMID:21822688
PMID:21945235
PMID:21947355
PMID:22030716
PMID:22129149
PMID:22218403
PMID:22265518
PMID:22331007
PMID:22377934
PMID:22459798
PMID:22529223
PMID:22530136
PMID:27951416
PMID:28187919
PMID:28391535
PMID:28574230
PMID:28641297
PMID:28678400
PMID:28683421
PMID:28686840
PMID:28698187
PMID:28700952
PMID:28704277
PMID:28710519
PMID:28711472
PMID:28714396
PMID:28718768
PMID:28718828
PMID:28726253
PMID:28735272
Reaxys:82109
Wikipedia:Nicotine
(S)-Nicotine
(S)-nicotine
3-[(2S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine
chebi_ontology
(-)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidyl)pyridine
(-)-3-(N-Methylpyrrolidino)pyridine
(-)-nicotine
(R)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine
(S)-(-)-nicotine
(S)-3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
(S)-3-(N-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
1-Methyl-2-(3-pyridyl)pyrrolidine
3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrollidinyl)pyridine
3-(1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
3-(2-(N-methylpyrrolidinyl))pyridine
3-(N-methylpyrollidino)pyridine
L(-)-nicotine
L-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidyl)pyridine
L-Nicotine
Nicotine
CHEBI:17688
(S)-nicotine
Beilstein:3604351
Beilstein
Beilstein:82109
Beilstein
CAS:54-11-5
ChemIDplus
CAS:54-11-5
KEGG COMPOUND
CAS:54-11-5
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Drug_Central:1920
DrugCentral
PMID:11209966
Europe PMC
PMID:11322615
Europe PMC
PMID:11406005
Europe PMC
PMID:11719700
Europe PMC
PMID:11768184
Europe PMC
PMID:11821649
Europe PMC
PMID:11851194
Europe PMC
PMID:12575980
Europe PMC
PMID:12692774
Europe PMC
PMID:12769614
Europe PMC
PMID:12850578
Europe PMC
PMID:12971663
Europe PMC
PMID:13590907
Europe PMC
PMID:14674846
Europe PMC
PMID:14761239
Europe PMC
PMID:14975706
Europe PMC
PMID:15019421
Europe PMC
PMID:15027713
Europe PMC
PMID:15251917
Europe PMC
PMID:15276225
Europe PMC
PMID:15380834
Europe PMC
PMID:15502843
Europe PMC
PMID:15527885
Europe PMC
PMID:15707677
Europe PMC
PMID:15734728
Europe PMC
PMID:15826609
Europe PMC
PMID:15894687
Europe PMC
PMID:15902919
Europe PMC
PMID:15960296
Europe PMC
PMID:15963341
Europe PMC
PMID:16059663
Europe PMC
PMID:16212709
Europe PMC
PMID:16333621
Europe PMC
PMID:16370520
Europe PMC
PMID:16496293
Europe PMC
PMID:17023324
Europe PMC
PMID:17206646
Europe PMC
PMID:17292347
Europe PMC
PMID:17350101
Europe PMC
PMID:17498763
Europe PMC
PMID:17504235
Europe PMC
PMID:17525204
Europe PMC
PMID:17560039
Europe PMC
PMID:17683794
Europe PMC
PMID:18380035
Europe PMC
PMID:18383130
Europe PMC
PMID:18490768
Europe PMC
PMID:18683238
Europe PMC
PMID:18685152
Europe PMC
PMID:18805442
Europe PMC
PMID:18922921
Europe PMC
PMID:19100291
Europe PMC
PMID:19100331
Europe PMC
PMID:19287496
Europe PMC
PMID:19389046
Europe PMC
PMID:19448649
Europe PMC
PMID:19465085
Europe PMC
PMID:19850423
Europe PMC
PMID:19954906
Europe PMC
PMID:21521420
Europe PMC
PMID:21636612
Europe PMC
PMID:21822688
Europe PMC
PMID:21945235
Europe PMC
PMID:21947355
Europe PMC
PMID:22030716
Europe PMC
PMID:22129149
Europe PMC
PMID:22218403
Europe PMC
PMID:22265518
Europe PMC
PMID:22331007
Europe PMC
PMID:22377934
Europe PMC
PMID:22459798
Europe PMC
PMID:22529223
Europe PMC
PMID:22530136
Europe PMC
PMID:27951416
Europe PMC
PMID:28187919
Europe PMC
PMID:28391535
Europe PMC
PMID:28574230
Europe PMC
PMID:28641297
Europe PMC
PMID:28678400
Europe PMC
PMID:28683421
Europe PMC
PMID:28686840
Europe PMC
PMID:28698187
Europe PMC
PMID:28700952
Europe PMC
PMID:28704277
Europe PMC
PMID:28710519
Europe PMC
PMID:28711472
Europe PMC
PMID:28714396
Europe PMC
PMID:28718768
Europe PMC
PMID:28718828
Europe PMC
PMID:28726253
Europe PMC
PMID:28735272
Europe PMC
Reaxys:82109
Reaxys
(S)-Nicotine
KEGG_COMPOUND
(S)-nicotine
ChemIDplus
3-[(2S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine
IUPAC
(-)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidyl)pyridine
HMDB
(-)-3-(N-Methylpyrrolidino)pyridine
HMDB
(-)-nicotine
ChemIDplus
(R)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine
HMDB
(S)-(-)-nicotine
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
(S)-3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
KEGG_COMPOUND
(S)-3-(N-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
IUBMB
1-Methyl-2-(3-pyridyl)pyrrolidine
HMDB
3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrollidinyl)pyridine
HMDB
3-(1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
HMDB
3-(2-(N-methylpyrrolidinyl))pyridine
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
3-(N-methylpyrollidino)pyridine
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
L(-)-nicotine
IUBMB
L-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidyl)pyridine
HMDB
L-Nicotine
HMDB
Nicotine
HMDB
Nicotine
KEGG_COMPOUND
The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.
0
CH4O
InChI=1S/CH4O/c1-2/h2H,1H3
OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
32.04186
32.02621
CO
CHEBI:14588
CHEBI:25227
CHEBI:44080
CHEBI:44553
CHEBI:6816
Beilstein:1098229
CAS:67-56-1
Gmelin:449
HMDB:HMDB0001875
KEGG:C00132
KEGG:D02309
MetaCyc:METOH
PDBeChem:MOH
PMID:11141607
PMID:11430978
PMID:11489599
PMID:11680737
PMID:11684179
PMID:14012711
PMID:14678513
PMID:14760634
PMID:15172721
PMID:15906011
PMID:16705261
PMID:17451998
PMID:17733096
PMID:19064074
PMID:19850112
PMID:20314698
Reaxys:1098229
UM-BBD_compID:c0132
Wikipedia:Methanol
METHANOL
Methanol
methanol
chebi_ontology
CH3OH
MeOH
Methyl alcohol
Methylalkohol
carbinol
spirit of wood
wood alcohol
wood naphtha
wood spirit
CHEBI:17790
methanol
Beilstein:1098229
Beilstein
CAS:67-56-1
ChemIDplus
CAS:67-56-1
KEGG COMPOUND
CAS:67-56-1
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Gmelin:449
Gmelin
PMID:11141607
Europe PMC
PMID:11430978
Europe PMC
PMID:11489599
Europe PMC
PMID:11680737
Europe PMC
PMID:11684179
Europe PMC
PMID:14012711
Europe PMC
PMID:14678513
Europe PMC
PMID:14760634
Europe PMC
PMID:15172721
Europe PMC
PMID:15906011
Europe PMC
PMID:16705261
Europe PMC
PMID:17451998
Europe PMC
PMID:17733096
Europe PMC
PMID:19064074
Europe PMC
PMID:19850112
Europe PMC
PMID:20314698
Europe PMC
Reaxys:1098229
Reaxys
UM-BBD_compID:c0132
UM-BBD
METHANOL
PDBeChem
Methanol
KEGG_COMPOUND
methanol
IUPAC
methanol
UniProt
CH3OH
ChEBI
MeOH
ChEBI
Methyl alcohol
KEGG_COMPOUND
Methylalkohol
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
carbinol
ChemIDplus
spirit of wood
HMDB
wood alcohol
ChemIDplus
wood naphtha
ChemIDplus
wood spirit
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
A molecular entity that can transfer ("donate") an electron, a pair of electrons, an atom or a group to another molecular entity.
CHEBI:14202
CHEBI:4697
KEGG:C01351
Donor
chebi_ontology
Donator
donneur
CHEBI:17891
donor
Donor
KEGG_COMPOUND
Donator
ChEBI
donneur
ChEBI
A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicotine.
Beilstein:82108
Beilstein:82111
CAS:22083-74-5
DrugBank:DB00184
HMDB:HMDB0014330
KEGG:C16150
KNApSAcK:C00002057
PMID:10751565
PMID:11192937
PMID:11471991
PMID:11559179
PMID:11682702
PMID:11714820
PMID:11719700
PMID:11801622
PMID:11818389
PMID:11860617
PMID:12197757
PMID:12700710
PMID:12965231
PMID:14715938
PMID:15183514
PMID:15251917
PMID:15313135
PMID:15458549
PMID:15707677
PMID:15894687
PMID:15960296
PMID:15961264
PMID:16496293
PMID:16950410
PMID:17167832
PMID:17206646
PMID:17438652
PMID:17498149
PMID:17942810
PMID:18077004
PMID:18311975
PMID:18380035
PMID:18383130
PMID:18651995
PMID:18922921
PMID:19100331
PMID:19287496
PMID:19389046
PMID:19465085
PMID:20338106
PMID:20528766
PMID:21636612
PMID:21822688
PMID:21945235
PMID:22129149
PMID:22218403
PMID:22331007
PMID:22377934
PMID:22448647
PMID:22459798
PMID:22529223
PMID:22573728
PMID:22585541
PMID:22589423
PMID:22770225
PMID:22792725
PMID:22855884
PMID:22930863
PMID:22935730
PMID:23108361
PMID:23117126
PMID:7097594
PMID:7564279
PMID:7566693
PMID:7807214
PMID:7896575
PMID:8156919
PMID:8545712
PMID:8764340
PMID:9203638
PMID:9450943
PMID:9621392
Reaxys:82108
UM-BBD_compID:c0468
Wikipedia:Nicotine
rac-3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
chebi_ontology
(+-)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine
(+-)-nicotine
(R,S)-nicotine
(RS)-nicotine
nicotin
nikotin
CHEBI:18723
nicotine
Beilstein:82108
Beilstein
Beilstein:82111
Beilstein
CAS:22083-74-5
ChemIDplus
CAS:22083-74-5
KEGG COMPOUND
PMID:10751565
Europe PMC
PMID:11192937
Europe PMC
PMID:11471991
Europe PMC
PMID:11559179
Europe PMC
PMID:11682702
Europe PMC
PMID:11714820
Europe PMC
PMID:11719700
Europe PMC
PMID:11801622
Europe PMC
PMID:11818389
Europe PMC
PMID:11860617
Europe PMC
PMID:12197757
Europe PMC
PMID:12700710
Europe PMC
PMID:12965231
Europe PMC
PMID:14715938
Europe PMC
PMID:15183514
Europe PMC
PMID:15251917
Europe PMC
PMID:15313135
Europe PMC
PMID:15458549
Europe PMC
PMID:15707677
Europe PMC
PMID:15894687
Europe PMC
PMID:15960296
Europe PMC
PMID:15961264
Europe PMC
PMID:16496293
Europe PMC
PMID:16950410
Europe PMC
PMID:17167832
Europe PMC
PMID:17206646
Europe PMC
PMID:17438652
Europe PMC
PMID:17498149
Europe PMC
PMID:17942810
Europe PMC
PMID:18077004
Europe PMC
PMID:18311975
Europe PMC
PMID:18380035
Europe PMC
PMID:18383130
Europe PMC
PMID:18651995
Europe PMC
PMID:18922921
Europe PMC
PMID:19100331
Europe PMC
PMID:19287496
Europe PMC
PMID:19389046
Europe PMC
PMID:19465085
Europe PMC
PMID:20338106
Europe PMC
PMID:20528766
Europe PMC
PMID:21636612
Europe PMC
PMID:21822688
Europe PMC
PMID:21945235
Europe PMC
PMID:22129149
Europe PMC
PMID:22218403
Europe PMC
PMID:22331007
Europe PMC
PMID:22377934
Europe PMC
PMID:22448647
Europe PMC
PMID:22459798
Europe PMC
PMID:22529223
Europe PMC
PMID:22573728
Europe PMC
PMID:22585541
Europe PMC
PMID:22589423
Europe PMC
PMID:22770225
Europe PMC
PMID:22792725
Europe PMC
PMID:22855884
Europe PMC
PMID:22930863
Europe PMC
PMID:22935730
Europe PMC
PMID:23108361
Europe PMC
PMID:23117126
Europe PMC
PMID:7097594
Europe PMC
PMID:7564279
Europe PMC
PMID:7566693
Europe PMC
PMID:7807214
Europe PMC
PMID:7896575
Europe PMC
PMID:8156919
Europe PMC
PMID:8545712
Europe PMC
PMID:8764340
Europe PMC
PMID:9203638
Europe PMC
PMID:9450943
Europe PMC
PMID:9621392
Europe PMC
Reaxys:82108
Reaxys
UM-BBD_compID:c0468
UM-BBD
rac-3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
IUPAC
(+-)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine
KEGG_COMPOUND
(+-)-nicotine
ChemIDplus
(R,S)-nicotine
ChemIDplus
(RS)-nicotine
UM-BBD
nicotin
ChEBI
nikotin
ChEBI
Any of the naturally occurring, basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom, but also found in bacteria, fungi, and animals. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are also classed as alkaloids. Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. Compounds in which the nitrogen is exocyclic (dopamine, mescaline, serotonin, etc.) are usually classed as amines rather than alkaloids.
Wikipedia:Alkaloid
Alkaloid
alkaloids
chebi_ontology
Alkaloide
alcaloide
alcaloides
CHEBI:22315
alkaloid
Alkaloid
ChEBI
alkaloids
IUPAC
Alkaloide
ChEBI
alcaloide
ChEBI
alcaloides
ChEBI
A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron.
Anion
anion
chebi_ontology
Anionen
aniones
anions
CHEBI:22563
anion
Anion
ChEBI
anion
ChEBI
anion
IUPAC
Anionen
ChEBI
aniones
ChEBI
anions
IUPAC
A molecular entity having an available pair of electrons capable of forming a covalent bond with a hydron (Bronsted base) or with the vacant orbital of some other molecular entity (Lewis base).
KEGG:C00701
Base
base
chebi_ontology
Base1
Base2
Basen
Nucleobase
bases
CHEBI:22695
base
Base
ChEBI
base
ChEBI
base
IUPAC
Base1
KEGG_COMPOUND
Base2
KEGG_COMPOUND
Basen
ChEBI
Nucleobase
KEGG_COMPOUND
bases
ChEBI
Any benzenoid aromatic compound consisting of the benzene skeleton and its substituted derivatives.
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:22712
benzenes
Any aromatic carboxylic acid that consists of benzene in which at least a single hydrogen has been substituted by a carboxy group.
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:22723
benzoic acids
An insecticide compound naturally occurring in plants.
chebi_ontology
botanical insecticide
botanical insecticides
phytogenic insecticides
CHEBI:22917
phytogenic insecticide
botanical insecticide
ChEBI
botanical insecticides
ChEBI
phytogenic insecticides
ChEBI
0
CO
28.01010
27.99491
carbonyl
carbonyl group
chebi_ontology
>C=O
CHEBI:23019
carbonyl group
carbonyl
IUPAC
carbonyl group
ChEBI
carbonyl group
UniProt
>C=O
IUPAC
An organic molecule or ion (usually a metal ion) that is required by an enzyme for its activity. It may be attached either loosely (coenzyme) or tightly (prosthetic group).
Wikipedia:Cofactor_(biochemistry)
cofactor
cofactors
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:23357
cofactor
cofactor
IUPAC
cofactors
IUPAC
Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity.
molecular entity
chebi_ontology
entidad molecular
entidades moleculares
entite moleculaire
molecular entities
molekulare Entitaet
CHEBI:23367
molecular entity
molecular entity
IUPAC
entidad molecular
IUPAC
entidades moleculares
IUPAC
entite moleculaire
IUPAC
molecular entities
IUPAC
molekulare Entitaet
ChEBI
Any substance which when absorbed into a living organism may modify one or more of its functions. The term is generally accepted for a substance taken for a therapeutic purpose, but is also commonly used for abused substances.
chebi_ontology
drugs
medicine
CHEBI:23888
drug
drugs
ChEBI
medicine
ChEBI
A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
enzyme inhibitor
chebi_ontology
enzyme inhibitors
inhibidor enzimatico
inhibidores enzimaticos
inhibiteur enzymatique
inhibiteurs enzymatiques
CHEBI:23924
enzyme inhibitor
enzyme inhibitor
IUPAC
enzyme inhibitors
ChEBI
inhibidor enzimatico
ChEBI
inhibidores enzimaticos
ChEBI
inhibiteur enzymatique
ChEBI
inhibiteurs enzymatiques
ChEBI
Any primary alcohol based on an ethanol skeleton.
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:23982
ethanols
A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances.
chemical entity
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:24431
chemical entity
chemical entity
UniProt
A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context.
chebi_ontology
biological function
CHEBI:24432
biological role
biological function
ChEBI
A defined linked collection of atoms or a single atom within a molecular entity.
group
chebi_ontology
Gruppe
Rest
groupe
grupo
grupos
CHEBI:24433
group
group
IUPAC
Gruppe
ChEBI
Rest
ChEBI
groupe
IUPAC
grupo
IUPAC
grupos
IUPAC
A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element.
chebi_ontology
organic heterocycle
organic heterocyclic compounds
CHEBI:24532
organic heterocyclic compound
organic heterocycle
ChEBI
organic heterocyclic compounds
ChEBI
Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)).
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:24651
hydroxides
imide
chebi_ontology
imides
CHEBI:24782
imide
imide
ChEBI
imides
ChEBI
A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).
oxoacid
oxoacids
chebi_ontology
oxacids
oxiacids
oxo acid
oxy-acids
oxyacids
CHEBI:24833
oxoacid
oxoacid
IUPAC
oxoacids
IUPAC
oxacids
ChEBI
oxiacids
ChEBI
oxo acid
ChEBI
oxy-acids
ChEBI
oxyacids
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
inorganic anions
CHEBI:24834
inorganic anion
inorganic anions
ChEBI
A molecular entity that contains no carbon.
chebi_ontology
anorganische Verbindungen
inorganic compounds
inorganic entity
inorganic molecular entities
inorganics
CHEBI:24835
inorganic molecular entity
anorganische Verbindungen
ChEBI
inorganic compounds
ChEBI
inorganic entity
ChEBI
inorganic molecular entities
ChEBI
inorganics
ChEBI
Strictly, a substance intended to kill members of the class Insecta. In common usage, any substance used for preventing, destroying, repelling or controlling insects.
Wikipedia:Insecticide
chebi_ontology
insecticides
CHEBI:24852
insecticide
insecticides
ChEBI
A molecular entity having a net electric charge.
Ion
ion
chebi_ontology
Ionen
iones
ions
CHEBI:24870
ion
Ion
ChEBI
ion
ChEBI
ion
IUPAC
Ionen
ChEBI
iones
ChEBI
ions
ChEBI
Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.
chebi_ontology
isoquinoline alkaloids
CHEBI:24921
isoquinoline alkaloid
isoquinoline alkaloids
ChEBI
Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites.
CHEBI:26619
CHEBI:35220
metabolite
chebi_ontology
metabolites
primary metabolites
secondary metabolites
CHEBI:25212
metabolite
metabolite
IUPAC
metabolites
ChEBI
primary metabolites
ChEBI
secondary metabolites
ChEBI
Any carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxy group with methanol.
0
C2H3O2R
59.044
59.01330
COC([*])=O
chebi_ontology
carboxylic acid methyl ester
carboxylic acid methyl esters
CHEBI:25248
methyl ester
carboxylic acid methyl ester
ChEBI
carboxylic acid methyl esters
ChEBI
Any polyatomic entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom.
molecule
chebi_ontology
Molekuel
molecula
molecules
neutral molecular compounds
CHEBI:25367
molecule
molecule
IUPAC
Molekuel
ChEBI
molecula
IUPAC
molecules
IUPAC
neutral molecular compounds
IUPAC
An isoquinoline alkaloid based on a morphinan skeleton and its substituted derivatives.
chebi_ontology
morphinane alkaloids
CHEBI:25418
morphinane alkaloid
morphinane alkaloids
ChEBI
0
N
14.007
14.00307
WebElements:N
nitrogen
chebi_ontology
7N
N
Stickstoff
azote
nitrogen
nitrogeno
CHEBI:25555
nitrogen atom
nitrogen
IUPAC
7N
IUPAC
N
IUPAC
Stickstoff
ChEBI
azote
IUPAC
nitrogen
ChEBI
nitrogeno
ChEBI
nonmetal
chebi_ontology
Nichtmetall
Nichtmetalle
no metal
no metales
non-metal
non-metaux
nonmetal
nonmetals
CHEBI:25585
nonmetal atom
nonmetal
IUPAC
Nichtmetall
ChEBI
Nichtmetalle
ChEBI
no metal
ChEBI
no metales
ChEBI
non-metal
ChEBI
non-metaux
ChEBI
nonmetal
ChEBI
nonmetals
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
organic heteromonocyclic compounds
CHEBI:25693
organic heteromonocyclic compound
organic heteromonocyclic compounds
ChEBI
Any organic ion with a net negative charge.
chebi_ontology
organic anions
CHEBI:25696
organic anion
organic anions
ChEBI
Any organic ion with a net positive charge.
chebi_ontology
organic cations
CHEBI:25697
organic cation
organic cations
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
organic ions
CHEBI:25699
organic ion
organic ions
ChEBI
An alcohol derived from an aliphatic compound.
0
HOR
17.007
17.00274
O*
KEGG:C02525
Aliphatic alcohol
chebi_ontology
aliphatic alcohols
an aliphatic alcohol
CHEBI:2571
aliphatic alcohol
Aliphatic alcohol
KEGG_COMPOUND
aliphatic alcohols
ChEBI
an aliphatic alcohol
UniProt
An oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with other chemical elements.
oxide
chebi_ontology
oxides
CHEBI:25741
oxide
oxide
ChEBI
oxides
ChEBI
0
O
InChI=1S/O
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N
15.99940
15.99491
[O]
KEGG:C00007
WebElements:O
oxygen
chebi_ontology
8O
O
Sauerstoff
oxigeno
oxygen
oxygene
CHEBI:25805
oxygen atom
oxygen
IUPAC
8O
IUPAC
O
IUPAC
Sauerstoff
ChEBI
oxigeno
ChEBI
oxygen
ChEBI
oxygene
ChEBI
oxygen molecular entity
chebi_ontology
oxygen molecular entities
CHEBI:25806
oxygen molecular entity
oxygen molecular entity
ChEBI
oxygen molecular entities
ChEBI
Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.
Wikipedia:Pesticide
pesticide
chebi_ontology
Pestizid
Pestizide
pesticides
CHEBI:25944
pesticide
pesticide
IUPAC
Pestizid
ChEBI
Pestizide
ChEBI
pesticides
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
pyridine alkaloids
CHEBI:26416
pyridine alkaloid
pyridine alkaloids
ChEBI
Any organonitrogen heterocyclic compound based on a pyridine skeleton and its substituted derivatives.
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:26421
pyridines
chebi_ontology
pyrrolidine alkaloids
CHEBI:26456
pyrrolidine alkaloid
pyrrolidine alkaloids
ChEBI
0
S
InChI=1S/S
NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
32.06600
31.97207
[S]
CAS:7704-34-9
KEGG:C00087
KEGG:D06527
PPDB:605
WebElements:S
sulfur
chebi_ontology
16S
Elemental sulfur
S
Schwefel
azufre
soufre
sulfur
sulphur
theion
CHEBI:26833
sulfur atom
CAS:7704-34-9
ChemIDplus
CAS:7704-34-9
NIST Chemistry WebBook
sulfur
IUPAC
16S
IUPAC
Elemental sulfur
KEGG_COMPOUND
S
IUPAC
S
KEGG_COMPOUND
Schwefel
ChEBI
azufre
ChEBI
soufre
ChEBI
sulfur
ChEBI
sulfur
UniProt
sulphur
ChEBI
theion
IUPAC
sulfur molecular entity
chebi_ontology
sulfur molecular entities
CHEBI:26835
sulfur molecular entity
sulfur molecular entity
ChEBI
sulfur molecular entities
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
heterobicyclic compounds
organic heterobicyclic compounds
CHEBI:27171
organic heterobicyclic compound
heterobicyclic compounds
ChEBI
organic heterobicyclic compounds
ChEBI
0
C
InChI=1S/C
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
12.01070
12.00000
[C]
CHEBI:23009
CHEBI:3399
CAS:7440-44-0
KEGG:C06265
WebElements:C
carbon
chebi_ontology
6C
C
Carbon
Kohlenstoff
carbon
carbone
carbonium
carbono
CHEBI:27594
carbon atom
CAS:7440-44-0
ChemIDplus
CAS:7440-44-0
KEGG COMPOUND
carbon
IUPAC
6C
IUPAC
C
IUPAC
C
KEGG_COMPOUND
Carbon
KEGG_COMPOUND
Kohlenstoff
ChEBI
carbon
ChEBI
carbone
ChEBI
carbonium
ChEBI
carbono
ChEBI
A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.
0
C17H21NO4
InChI=1S/C17H21NO4/c1-18-12-8-9-13(18)15(17(20)21-2)14(10-12)22-16(19)11-6-4-3-5-7-11/h3-7,12-15H,8-10H2,1-2H3/t12-,13+,14-,15+/m0/s1
ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N
303.35290
303.14706
[H][C@]12CC[C@]([H])([C@H]([C@H](C1)OC(=O)c1ccccc1)C(=O)OC)N2C
CHEBI:23346
CHEBI:3801
CHEBI:41642
Beilstein:3621912
Beilstein:5291037
Beilstein:91034
CAS:50-36-2
DrugBank:DB00907
Drug_Central:723
Gmelin:170209
KEGG:C01416
KEGG:D00110
KNApSAcK:C00002285
MetaCyc:CPD-9776
PDBeChem:COC
PMID:11416615
PMID:11853120
PMID:14962054
PMID:17551070
PMID:19536276
PMID:21150772
PMID:25303034
Reaxys:5291037
Reaxys:91034
Wikipedia:Cocaine
(1R,2R,3S,5S)-2-(methoxycarbonyl)tropan-3-yl benzoate
COCAINE
Cocaine
methyl (1R,2R,3S,5S)-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate
chebi_ontology
(-)-cocaine
2-methyl-3beta-hydroxy-1alphaH,5alphaH-tropane-2beta-carboxylate benzoate (ester)
Benzoylmethylecgonine
Cocain
Cocaina
Kokain
Neurocaine
[1R-(exo,exo)]-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylic acid, methyl ester
beta-Cocain
cocainum
l-Cocain
l-cocaine
methyl [1R-(exo,exo)]-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate
methyl benzoylecgonine
CHEBI:27958
cocaine
Beilstein:3621912
Beilstein
Beilstein:5291037
Beilstein
Beilstein:91034
Beilstein
CAS:50-36-2
ChemIDplus
CAS:50-36-2
KEGG COMPOUND
CAS:50-36-2
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Drug_Central:723
DrugCentral
Gmelin:170209
Gmelin
PMID:11416615
Europe PMC
PMID:11853120
Europe PMC
PMID:14962054
Europe PMC
PMID:17551070
Europe PMC
PMID:19536276
Europe PMC
PMID:21150772
Europe PMC
PMID:25303034
Europe PMC
Reaxys:5291037
Reaxys
Reaxys:91034
Reaxys
(1R,2R,3S,5S)-2-(methoxycarbonyl)tropan-3-yl benzoate
IUPAC
COCAINE
PDBeChem
Cocaine
KEGG_COMPOUND
methyl (1R,2R,3S,5S)-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate
IUPAC
(-)-cocaine
ChEBI
2-methyl-3beta-hydroxy-1alphaH,5alphaH-tropane-2beta-carboxylate benzoate (ester)
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
Benzoylmethylecgonine
ChemIDplus
Cocain
DrugBank
Cocaina
DrugBank
Kokain
ChEBI
Kokain
ChemIDplus
Neurocaine
ChemIDplus
[1R-(exo,exo)]-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylic acid, methyl ester
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
beta-Cocain
KEGG_COMPOUND
cocainum
ChEBI
l-Cocain
KEGG_COMPOUND
l-cocaine
ChemIDplus
methyl [1R-(exo,exo)]-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate
ChEBI
methyl benzoylecgonine
ChemIDplus
An onium cation obtained by protonation of ammonia.
+1
H4N
InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3/p+1
QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O
18.03850
18.03383
[H][N+]([H])([H])[H]
CHEBI:22534
CHEBI:49783
CHEBI:7435
CAS:14798-03-9
Gmelin:84
KEGG:C01342
MetaCyc:AMMONIUM
MolBase:929
PDBeChem:NH4
PMID:11319011
PMID:11341317
PMID:12096804
PMID:14512268
PMID:14879753
PMID:16345391
PMID:16903292
PMID:17392693
PMID:18515490
PMID:19199063
PMID:19596600
PMID:19682559
PMID:19716251
PMID:21993530
PMID:22265469
PMID:22524020
PMID:22562341
PMID:22631217
Reaxys:16093784
Wikipedia:Ammonium
ammonium
azanium
chebi_ontology
Ammonium(1+)
NH4(+)
NH4+
[NH4](+)
ammonium ion
CHEBI:28938
ammonium
NH4(+)
UniProt
NH4+
KEGG_COMPOUND
[NH4](+)
MolBase
ammonium ion
PDBeChem
CAS:14798-03-9
ChemIDplus
CAS:14798-03-9
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Gmelin:84
Gmelin
PMID:11319011
Europe PMC
PMID:11341317
Europe PMC
PMID:12096804
Europe PMC
PMID:14512268
Europe PMC
PMID:14879753
Europe PMC
PMID:16345391
Europe PMC
PMID:16903292
Europe PMC
PMID:17392693
Europe PMC
PMID:18515490
Europe PMC
PMID:19199063
Europe PMC
PMID:19596600
Europe PMC
PMID:19682559
Europe PMC
PMID:19716251
Europe PMC
PMID:21993530
Europe PMC
PMID:22265469
Europe PMC
PMID:22524020
Europe PMC
PMID:22562341
Europe PMC
PMID:22631217
Europe PMC
Reaxys:16093784
Reaxys
ammonium
ChEBI
ammonium
IUPAC
azanium
IUPAC
Ammonium(1+)
ChemIDplus
NH4(+)
IUPAC
The conjugate base formed when the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid is deprotonated.
-1
CO2R
44.00950
43.98983
[O-]C([*])=O
CHEBI:13626
CHEBI:13945
CHEBI:23026
CHEBI:58657
chebi_ontology
a carboxylate
carboxylic acid anions
carboxylic anions
CHEBI:29067
carboxylic acid anion
a carboxylate
UniProt
carboxylic acid anions
ChEBI
carboxylic anions
ChEBI
-1
H2N
InChI=1S/H2N/h1H2/q-1
HYGWNUKOUCZBND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
16.02262
16.01927
[H][N-][H]
amide
azanide
dihydridonitrate(1-)
chebi_ontology
NH2(-)
CHEBI:29337
azanide
amide
IUPAC
azanide
IUPAC
dihydridonitrate(1-)
IUPAC
NH2(-)
IUPAC
A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of two protons from ammonia.
-2
HN
InChI=1S/HN/h1H/q-2
DZQYTNGKSBCIOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
15.01468
15.01200
[N--][H]
azanediide
hydridonitrate(2-)
chebi_ontology
NH(2-)
imide
CHEBI:29340
hydridonitrate(2-)
azanediide
IUPAC
hydridonitrate(2-)
IUPAC
NH(2-)
IUPAC
imide
IUPAC
+1
H3O
InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2/p+1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-O
19.02322
19.01784
[H][O+]([H])[H]
CAS:13968-08-6
Gmelin:141
MolBase:1646
aquahydrogen(1+)
oxidanium
oxonium
trihydridooxygen(1+)
chebi_ontology
H3O(+)
Hydronium cation
Hydronium ion
[OH3](+)
CHEBI:29412
oxonium
CAS:13968-08-6
ChemIDplus
CAS:13968-08-6
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Gmelin:141
Gmelin
aquahydrogen(1+)
IUPAC
oxidanium
IUPAC
oxonium
IUPAC
trihydridooxygen(1+)
IUPAC
H3O(+)
IUPAC
Hydronium cation
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
Hydronium ion
ChemIDplus
[OH3](+)
MolBase
A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom.
0
HOR
17.007
17.00274
O[*]
CHEBI:13804
CHEBI:22288
CHEBI:2553
KEGG:C00069
Alcohol
alcohols
chebi_ontology
an alcohol
CHEBI:30879
alcohol
Alcohol
KEGG_COMPOUND
alcohols
IUPAC
an alcohol
UniProt
A 1,2-benzisothiazole having a keto-group at the 3-position and two oxo substituents at the 1-position. It is used as an artificial sweetening agent.
0
C7H5NO3S
InChI=1S/C7H5NO3S/c9-7-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)12(10,11)8-7/h1-4H,(H,8,9)
CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
183.18500
182.99901
O=C1NS(=O)(=O)c2ccccc12
CHEBI:49717
Beilstein:6888
CAS:81-07-2
Gmelin:4203
HMDB:HMDB0029723
KEGG:D01085
MetaCyc:CPD-5581
PDBeChem:LSA
PMID:24456165
PMID:24549104
PMID:24739358
PMID:24780866
Reaxys:6888
Wikipedia:Saccharin
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide
Saccharin
chebi_ontology
1,1-Dioxo-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
1,1-Dioxo-1,2-dihydro-benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 1,1-dioxide
1,2-Dihydro-2-ketobenzisosulfonazole
1,2-Dihydro-2-ketobenzisosulphonazole
2,3-Dihydro-3-oxobenzisosulfonazole
2,3-Dihydro-3-oxobenzisosulphonazole
3-Hydroxybenzisothiazole-S,S-dioxide
Anhydro-o-sulfaminebenzoic acid
Benzo-2-sulphimide
Benzoic acid sulfimide
Benzoic sulfimide
Benzoic sulphimide
Benzosulfimide
Benzosulphimide
Benzoylsulfonic Imide
Saccharimide
Saccharine
o-Benzoic sulfimide
o-Benzosulfimide
o-Sulfobenzimide
o-Sulfobenzoic acid imide
CHEBI:32111
saccharin
Beilstein:6888
Beilstein
CAS:81-07-2
ChemIDplus
CAS:81-07-2
KEGG DRUG
CAS:81-07-2
NIST Chemistry WebBook
Gmelin:4203
Gmelin
PMID:24456165
Europe PMC
PMID:24549104
Europe PMC
PMID:24739358
Europe PMC
PMID:24780866
Europe PMC
Reaxys:6888
Reaxys
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide
IUPAC
Saccharin
KEGG_DRUG
1,1-Dioxo-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
1,1-Dioxo-1,2-dihydro-benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide
ChemIDplus
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 1,1-dioxide
NIST_Chemistry_WebBook
1,2-Dihydro-2-ketobenzisosulfonazole
ChemIDplus
1,2-Dihydro-2-ketobenzisosulphonazole
ChemIDplus
2,3-Dihydro-3-oxobenzisosulfonazole
ChemIDplus
2,3-Dihydro-3-oxobenzisosulphonazole
ChemIDplus
3-Hydroxybenzisothiazole-S,S-dioxide
ChemIDplus
Anhydro-o-sulfaminebenzoic acid
ChemIDplus
Benzo-2-sulphimide
ChemIDplus
Benzoic acid sulfimide
ChemIDplus
Benzoic sulfimide
ChemIDplus
Benzoic sulphimide
ChemIDplus
Benzosulfimide
ChemIDplus
Benzosulphimide
ChemIDplus
Benzoylsulfonic Imide
ChemIDplus
Saccharimide
ChemIDplus
Saccharine
ChemIDplus
o-Benzoic sulfimide
ChemIDplus
o-Benzosulfimide
ChemIDplus
o-Sulfobenzimide
ChemIDplus
o-Sulfobenzoic acid imide
ChemIDplus
An amide is a derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group.
CHEBI:22473
CHEBI:2633
KEGG:C00241
Amide
amides
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:32988
amide
Amide
KEGG_COMPOUND
amides
IUPAC
Intended use of the molecular entity or part thereof by humans.
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:33232
application
A particle not known to have substructure.
elementary particle
chebi_ontology
elementary particles
CHEBI:33233
fundamental particle
elementary particle
IUPAC
elementary particles
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
inorganic hydrides
CHEBI:33242
inorganic hydride
inorganic hydrides
ChEBI
An organic fundamental parent is a structure used as a basis for substitutive names in organic nomenclature, containing, in addition to one or more hydrogen atoms, a single atom of an element, a number of atoms (alike or different) linked together to form an unbranched chain, a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system, or a ring assembly or ring/chain system.
chebi_ontology
organic fundamental parents
organic parent hydrides
CHEBI:33245
organic fundamental parent
organic fundamental parents
ChEBI
organic parent hydrides
ChEBI
Any substituent group which does not contain carbon.
chebi_ontology
inorganic groups
CHEBI:33246
inorganic group
inorganic groups
ChEBI
Any substituent group or skeleton containing carbon.
chebi_ontology
organic groups
CHEBI:33247
organic group
organic groups
ChEBI
Any organic substituent group, regardless of functional type, having one free valence at a carbon atom.
organyl group
organyl groups
chebi_ontology
groupe organyle
grupo organilo
grupos organilo
CHEBI:33249
organyl group
organyl group
IUPAC
organyl groups
IUPAC
groupe organyle
IUPAC
grupo organilo
IUPAC
grupos organilo
IUPAC
A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element.
CHEBI:22671
CHEBI:23907
atom
chebi_ontology
atome
atomo
atoms
atomus
element
elements
CHEBI:33250
atom
atom
IUPAC
atome
IUPAC
atomo
IUPAC
atoms
ChEBI
atomus
ChEBI
element
ChEBI
elements
ChEBI
A nucleus is the positively charged central portion of an atom, excluding the orbital electrons.
nucleus
chebi_ontology
Atomkern
Kern
noyau
noyau atomique
nuclei
nucleo
nucleo atomico
nucleus atomi
CHEBI:33252
atomic nucleus
nucleus
IUPAC
Atomkern
ChEBI
Kern
ChEBI
noyau
IUPAC
noyau atomique
ChEBI
nuclei
ChEBI
nucleo
IUPAC
nucleo atomico
ChEBI
nucleus atomi
ChEBI
Heavy nuclear particle: proton or neutron.
nucleon
chebi_ontology
Nukleon
Nukleonen
nucleons
CHEBI:33253
nucleon
nucleon
IUPAC
nucleon
IUPAC
Nukleon
ChEBI
Nukleonen
ChEBI
nucleons
ChEBI
A derivative of two oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which two acyl groups are attached to the amino or substituted amino group.
secondary amide
secondary amides
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:33257
secondary amide
secondary amide
IUPAC
secondary amides
IUPAC
An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond.
CHEBI:23010
CHEBI:25714
Wikipedia:Organosulfur_compounds
organosulfur compound
chebi_ontology
organosulfur compounds
CHEBI:33261
organosulfur compound
organosulfur compound
ChEBI
organosulfur compounds
ChEBI
An anion consisting of more than one atom.
chebi_ontology
polyatomic anions
CHEBI:33273
polyatomic anion
polyatomic anions
ChEBI
A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.
CHEBI:22582
PMID:12964249
PMID:22117953
PMID:22439833
PMID:22849268
PMID:22849276
PMID:22958833
chebi_ontology
Antibiotika
Antibiotikum
antibiotic
antibiotics
antibiotique
antimicrobial
antimicrobial agents
antimicrobials
microbicide
microbicides
CHEBI:33281
antimicrobial agent
PMID:12964249
Europe PMC
PMID:22117953
Europe PMC
PMID:22439833
Europe PMC
PMID:22849268
Europe PMC
PMID:22849276
Europe PMC
PMID:22958833
Europe PMC
Antibiotika
ChEBI
Antibiotikum
ChEBI
antibiotic
ChEBI
antibiotics
ChEBI
antibiotique
IUPAC
antimicrobial
ChEBI
antimicrobial agents
ChEBI
antimicrobials
ChEBI
microbicide
ChEBI
microbicides
ChEBI
A nutrient is a food component that an organism uses to survive and grow.
chebi_ontology
nutrients
CHEBI:33284
nutrient
nutrients
ChEBI
A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms.
chebi_ontology
heteroorganic entities
organoelement compounds
CHEBI:33285
heteroorganic entity
heteroorganic entities
ChEBI
organoelement compounds
ChEBI
Any material that can be ingested by an organism.
chebi_ontology
food material
food materials
food role
foods
foodstuff
foodstuffs
CHEBI:33290
food
food material
ChEBI
food materials
ChEBI
food role
ChEBI
foods
ChEBI
foodstuff
ChEBI
foodstuffs
ChEBI
An energy-rich substance that can be transformed with release of usable energy.
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:33292
fuel
Any p-block element atom that is in group 15 of the periodic table: nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.
pnictogens
chebi_ontology
group 15 elements
group V elements
nitrogenoideos
nitrogenoides
pnictogene
pnictogenes
CHEBI:33300
pnictogen
pnictogens
IUPAC
group 15 elements
ChEBI
group V elements
ChEBI
nitrogenoideos
ChEBI
nitrogenoides
ChEBI
pnictogene
ChEBI
pnictogenes
ChEBI
A p-block molecular entity containing any pnictogen.
pnictogen molecular entity
chebi_ontology
pnictogen molecular entities
CHEBI:33302
pnictogen molecular entity
pnictogen molecular entity
ChEBI
pnictogen molecular entities
ChEBI
Any p-block element belonging to the group 16 family of the periodic table.
PMID:17084588
chalcogen
chalcogens
chebi_ontology
Chalkogen
Chalkogene
anfigeno
anfigenos
calcogeno
calcogenos
chalcogene
chalcogenes
group 16 elements
group VI elements
CHEBI:33303
chalcogen
PMID:17084588
Europe PMC
chalcogen
IUPAC
chalcogens
IUPAC
Chalkogen
ChEBI
Chalkogene
ChEBI
anfigeno
ChEBI
anfigenos
ChEBI
calcogeno
ChEBI
calcogenos
ChEBI
chalcogene
ChEBI
chalcogenes
ChEBI
group 16 elements
ChEBI
group VI elements
ChEBI
Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen.
chalcogen molecular entity
chebi_ontology
chalcogen compounds
chalcogen molecular entities
CHEBI:33304
chalcogen molecular entity
chalcogen molecular entity
ChEBI
chalcogen compounds
ChEBI
chalcogen molecular entities
ChEBI
group 14 elements
chebi_ontology
carbon group element
carbon group elements
carbonoides
cristallogene
cristallogenes
group IV elements
CHEBI:33306
carbon group element atom
group 14 elements
IUPAC
carbon group element
ChEBI
carbon group elements
ChEBI
carbonoides
ChEBI
cristallogene
ChEBI
cristallogenes
ChEBI
group IV elements
ChEBI
An ester of a carboxylic acid, R(1)C(=O)OR(2), where R(1) = H or organyl and R(2) = organyl.
0
CO2R2
44.010
43.98983
[*]C(=O)O[*]
CHEBI:13204
CHEBI:23028
CHEBI:3408
KEGG:C02391
Wikipedia:Ester
Carboxylic ester
carboxylic esters
chebi_ontology
a carboxylic ester
carboxylic acid esters
CHEBI:33308
carboxylic ester
Carboxylic ester
KEGG_COMPOUND
carboxylic esters
IUPAC
a carboxylic ester
UniProt
carboxylic acid esters
ChEBI
An atom belonging to one of the main groups (found in the s- and p- blocks) of the periodic table.
main group elements
chebi_ontology
Hauptgruppenelement
Hauptgruppenelemente
main group element
CHEBI:33318
main group element atom
main group elements
IUPAC
Hauptgruppenelement
ChEBI
Hauptgruppenelemente
ChEBI
main group element
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
s-block element
s-block elements
CHEBI:33559
s-block element atom
s-block element
ChEBI
s-block elements
ChEBI
Any main group element atom belonging to the p-block of the periodic table.
chebi_ontology
p-block element
p-block elements
CHEBI:33560
p-block element atom
p-block element
ChEBI
p-block elements
ChEBI
A carbon oxoacid acid carrying at least one -C(=O)OH group and having the structure RC(=O)OH, where R is any any monovalent functional group. Carboxylic acids are the most common type of organic acid.
0
CHO2R
45.01740
44.99765
OC([*])=O
CHEBI:13428
CHEBI:13627
CHEBI:23027
PMID:17147560
PMID:18433345
Wikipedia:Carboxylic_acid
carboxylic acid
carboxylic acids
chebi_ontology
Carbonsaeure
Carbonsaeuren
Karbonsaeure
RC(=O)OH
acide carboxylique
acides carboxyliques
acido carboxilico
acidos carboxilicos
CHEBI:33575
carboxylic acid
PMID:17147560
Europe PMC
PMID:18433345
Europe PMC
carboxylic acid
IUPAC
carboxylic acids
IUPAC
Carbonsaeure
ChEBI
Carbonsaeuren
ChEBI
Karbonsaeure
ChEBI
RC(=O)OH
IUPAC
acide carboxylique
IUPAC
acides carboxyliques
IUPAC
acido carboxilico
IUPAC
acidos carboxilicos
IUPAC
A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table.
chebi_ontology
main group compounds
main group molecular entities
CHEBI:33579
main group molecular entity
main group compounds
ChEBI
main group molecular entities
ChEBI
carbon group molecular entity
chebi_ontology
carbon group molecular entities
CHEBI:33582
carbon group molecular entity
carbon group molecular entity
ChEBI
carbon group molecular entities
ChEBI
Any molecule that consists of a series of atoms joined together to form a ring.
Wikipedia:Cyclic_compound
chebi_ontology
cyclic compounds
CHEBI:33595
cyclic compound
cyclic compounds
ChEBI
A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of the same element only.
homocyclic compound
homocyclic compounds
chebi_ontology
isocyclic compounds
CHEBI:33597
homocyclic compound
homocyclic compound
IUPAC
homocyclic compounds
IUPAC
isocyclic compounds
IUPAC
A homocyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms.
carbocyclic compound
carbocyclic compounds
chebi_ontology
carbocycle
CHEBI:33598
carbocyclic compound
carbocyclic compound
IUPAC
carbocyclic compounds
IUPAC
carbocycle
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
hydrogen compounds
hydrogen molecular entities
CHEBI:33608
hydrogen molecular entity
hydrogen compounds
ChEBI
hydrogen molecular entities
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
polycyclic compounds
CHEBI:33635
polycyclic compound
polycyclic compounds
ChEBI
A molecule that features two fused rings.
chebi_ontology
bicyclic compounds
CHEBI:33636
bicyclic compound
bicyclic compounds
ChEBI
A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character.
aromatic compounds
aromatic molecular entity
chebi_ontology
aromatics
aromatische Verbindungen
CHEBI:33655
aromatic compound
aromatic compounds
IUPAC
aromatic molecular entity
IUPAC
aromatics
ChEBI
aromatische Verbindungen
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
organic aromatic compounds
CHEBI:33659
organic aromatic compound
organic aromatic compounds
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
monocyclic compounds
CHEBI:33661
monocyclic compound
monocyclic compounds
ChEBI
heteromonocyclic compound
heteromonocyclic compounds
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:33670
heteromonocyclic compound
heteromonocyclic compound
IUPAC
heteromonocyclic compounds
IUPAC
A polycyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one non-carbon atom.
heteropolycyclic compounds
chebi_ontology
polyheterocyclic compounds
CHEBI:33671
heteropolycyclic compound
heteropolycyclic compounds
IUPAC
polyheterocyclic compounds
ChEBI
A bicyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one skeletal heteroatom.
heterobicyclic compounds
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:33672
heterobicyclic compound
heterobicyclic compounds
IUPAC
An s-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an s-block element.
s-block molecular entity
chebi_ontology
s-block compounds
s-block molecular entities
CHEBI:33674
s-block molecular entity
s-block molecular entity
ChEBI
s-block compounds
ChEBI
s-block molecular entities
ChEBI
A main group molecular entity that contains one or more atoms of a p-block element.
chebi_ontology
p-block compounds
p-block molecular entities
p-block molecular entitiy
CHEBI:33675
p-block molecular entity
p-block compounds
ChEBI
p-block molecular entities
ChEBI
p-block molecular entitiy
ChEBI
Hydrides are chemical compounds of hydrogen with other chemical elements.
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:33692
hydrides
oxygen hydride
chebi_ontology
hydrides of oxygen
oxygen hydrides
CHEBI:33693
oxygen hydride
oxygen hydride
ChEBI
hydrides of oxygen
ChEBI
oxygen hydrides
ChEBI
A cation consisting of more than one atom.
chebi_ontology
polyatomic cations
CHEBI:33702
polyatomic cation
polyatomic cations
ChEBI
An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom.
CHEBI:64710
hydroxy compounds
chebi_ontology
organic alcohol
organic hydroxy compounds
CHEBI:33822
organic hydroxy compound
hydroxy compounds
IUPAC
organic alcohol
ChEBI
organic hydroxy compounds
ChEBI
Any organic molecule that consists of atoms connected in the form of a ring.
chebi_ontology
organic cyclic compounds
CHEBI:33832
organic cyclic compound
organic cyclic compounds
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
benzenoid aromatic compounds
benzenoid compound
CHEBI:33836
benzenoid aromatic compound
benzenoid aromatic compounds
ChEBI
benzenoid compound
ChEBI
Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.
CHEBI:13817
CHEBI:13821
CHEBI:2830
chebi_ontology
aromatic carboxylic acids
CHEBI:33859
aromatic carboxylic acid
aromatic carboxylic acids
ChEBI
A substance used in a chemical reaction to detect, measure, examine, or produce other substances.
reagent
chebi_ontology
reactif
reactivo
reagents
CHEBI:33893
reagent
reagent
IUPAC
reactif
IUPAC
reactivo
IUPAC
reagents
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:33937
macronutrient
chebi_ontology
nitrogen hydrides
CHEBI:35106
nitrogen hydride
nitrogen hydrides
ChEBI
Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.
chebi_ontology
azanes
CHEBI:35107
azane
azanes
ChEBI
A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.
inhibitor
chebi_ontology
inhibidor
inhibiteur
inhibitors
CHEBI:35222
inhibitor
inhibitor
IUPAC
inhibidor
ChEBI
inhibiteur
ChEBI
inhibitors
ChEBI
A derivative of ammonium, NH4(+), in which one (or more) of the hydrogens bonded to the nitrogen have been replaced with univalent organyl groups. The substituting carbon of the organyl group must not itself be directly attached to a heteroatom (thereby excluding protonated amides, hemiaminals, etc).
chebi_ontology
ammonium ion derivatives
ammonium ions
azanium ion derivative
azanium ion derivatives
azanium ions
CHEBI:35274
ammonium ion derivative
ammonium ion derivatives
ChEBI
ammonium ions
ChEBI
azanium ion derivative
ChEBI
azanium ion derivatives
ChEBI
azanium ions
ChEBI
Any drug that enhances the activity of the central nervous system.
Wikipedia:Central_nervous_system_stimulants
central nervous system stimulant
chebi_ontology
CNS stimulant
analeptic
analeptic agent
analeptic drug
analeptics
central stimulant
CHEBI:35337
central nervous system stimulant
central nervous system stimulant
ChEBI
CNS stimulant
ChEBI
analeptic
ChEBI
analeptic agent
ChEBI
analeptic drug
ChEBI
analeptics
ChEBI
central stimulant
ChEBI
Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.
organonitrogen compounds
chebi_ontology
organonitrogens
CHEBI:35352
organonitrogen compound
organonitrogen compounds
IUPAC
organonitrogens
ChEBI
An oxoanion is an anion derived from an oxoacid by loss of hydron(s) bound to oxygen.
CHEBI:33274
CHEBI:33436
oxoanion
chebi_ontology
oxoacid anions
oxoanions
CHEBI:35406
oxoanion
oxoanion
ChEBI
oxoacid anions
ChEBI
oxoanions
ChEBI
A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of infectious diseases.
chebi_ontology
anti-infective agents
anti-infective drugs
antiinfective agents
antiinfective drug
CHEBI:35441
antiinfective agent
anti-infective agents
ChEBI
anti-infective drugs
ChEBI
antiinfective agents
ChEBI
antiinfective drug
ChEBI
A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms involving the central nervous system.
chebi_ontology
CNS agent
CNS drugs
central nervous system agents
CHEBI:35470
central nervous system drug
CNS agent
ChEBI
CNS drugs
ChEBI
central nervous system agents
ChEBI
A loosely defined grouping of drugs that have effects on psychological function.
Wikipedia:Psychotropic_drug
chebi_ontology
psychoactive agent
psychoactive drugs
psychopharmaceuticals
psychotropic drugs
CHEBI:35471
psychotropic drug
psychoactive agent
ChEBI
psychoactive drugs
ChEBI
psychopharmaceuticals
ChEBI
psychotropic drugs
ChEBI
A traditional grouping of drugs said to have a soothing or calming effect on mood, thought or behaviour.
chebi_ontology
ataractics
tranquilising drug
tranquilizing drugs
tranquillising agent
tranquillizing agents
CHEBI:35473
tranquilizing drug
ataractics
ChEBI
tranquilising drug
ChEBI
tranquilizing drugs
ChEBI
tranquillising agent
ChEBI
tranquillizing agents
ChEBI
Anxiolytic drugs are agents that alleviate anxiety, tension, and anxiety disorders, promote sedation, and have a calming effect without affecting clarity of consciousness or neurologic conditions.
chebi_ontology
anti-anxiety agents
anti-anxiety drugs
anxiolytic agents
anxiolytics
minor tranquilisers
minor tranquilizers
minor tranquilizing agents
CHEBI:35474
anxiolytic drug
anti-anxiety agents
ChEBI
anti-anxiety drugs
ChEBI
anxiolytic agents
ChEBI
anxiolytics
ChEBI
minor tranquilisers
ChEBI
minor tranquilizers
ChEBI
minor tranquilizing agents
ChEBI
An agent capable of relieving pain without the loss of consciousness or without producing anaesthesia. In addition, analgesic is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to cause a reduction of pain symptoms.
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:35480
analgesic
A narcotic or opioid substance, synthetic or semisynthetic agent producing profound analgesia, drowsiness, and changes in mood.
chebi_ontology
narcotic
narcotic analgesic
narcotic analgesics
narcotics
opioid analgesics
CHEBI:35482
opioid analgesic
narcotic
ChEBI
narcotic analgesic
ChEBI
narcotic analgesics
ChEBI
narcotics
ChEBI
opioid analgesics
ChEBI
A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to reduce the activity of the central nervous system.
chebi_ontology
CNS depressants
central nervous system depressants
CHEBI:35488
central nervous system depressant
CNS depressants
ChEBI
central nervous system depressants
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
alkaloid fundamental parents
CHEBI:35506
alkaloid fundamental parent
alkaloid fundamental parents
ChEBI
natural product fundamental parents
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:35507
natural product fundamental parent
natural product fundamental parents
IUPAC
A drug that mimics the effects of stimulating postganglionic adrenergic sympathetic nerves. Included in this class are drugs that directly stimulate adrenergic receptors and drugs that act indirectly by provoking the release of adrenergic transmitters.
chebi_ontology
sympathomimetic
sympathomimetics
CHEBI:35524
sympathomimetic agent
sympathomimetic
ChEBI
sympathomimetics
ChEBI
A drug that affects the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter or blood volume.
chebi_ontology
cardiovascular agent
cardiovascular drugs
CHEBI:35554
cardiovascular drug
cardiovascular agent
ChEBI
cardiovascular drugs
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
carbon oxoacids
oxoacids of carbon
CHEBI:35605
carbon oxoacid
carbon oxoacids
ChEBI
oxoacids of carbon
ChEBI
A food additive that is used to added improve the taste or odour of a food.
chebi_ontology
flavoring agent
flavoring agents
flavour enhancer
flavour enhancers
flavouring agents
CHEBI:35617
flavouring agent
flavoring agent
ChEBI
flavoring agents
ChEBI
flavour enhancer
ChEBI
flavour enhancers
ChEBI
flavouring agents
ChEBI
A drug used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.
chebi_ontology
vasodilator
vasodilator agents
CHEBI:35620
vasodilator agent
vasodilator
ChEBI
vasodilator agents
ChEBI
Adrenergic uptake inhibitors are drugs that block the transport of adrenergic transmitters into axon terminals or into storage vesicles within terminals. The tricyclic antidepressants and amphetamines are among the therapeutically important drugs that may act via inhibition of adrenergic transport. Many of these drugs also block transport of serotonin.
chebi_ontology
ARI
NERI
NRI
adrenergic reuptake inhibitor
adrenergic reuptake inhibitors
adrenergic uptake inhibitors
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
CHEBI:35640
adrenergic uptake inhibitor
ARI
ChEBI
NERI
ChEBI
NRI
ChEBI
adrenergic reuptake inhibitor
ChEBI
adrenergic reuptake inhibitors
ChEBI
adrenergic uptake inhibitors
ChEBI
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
ChEBI
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
ChEBI
0
C16H21N
InChI=1S/C16H21N/c1-2-6-13-12(5-1)11-15-14-7-3-4-8-16(13,14)9-10-17-15/h1-2,5-6,14-15,17H,3-4,7-11H2/t14-,15+,16-/m0/s1
INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N
227.34468
227.16740
[H][C@@]12CCCC[C@@]11CCN[C@@H]2Cc2ccccc12
Beilstein:1375527
morphinan
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:35649
morphinan
Beilstein:1375527
Beilstein
morphinan
IUPAC
A compound formally derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l > 0) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter.
CHEBI:23960
CHEBI:4859
KEGG:C00287
Wikipedia:Ester
Ester
chebi_ontology
esters
CHEBI:35701
ester
Ester
KEGG_COMPOUND
esters
ChEBI
A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means.
CHEBI:10074
CHEBI:27333
KEGG:C06708
Wikipedia:Xenobiotic
Xenobiotic
xenobiotic
xenobiotics
chebi_ontology
xenobiotic compounds
CHEBI:35703
xenobiotic
Xenobiotic
KEGG_COMPOUND
xenobiotic
IUPAC
xenobiotics
IUPAC
xenobiotic compounds
ChEBI
pnictogen hydride
chebi_ontology
pnictogen hydrides
CHEBI:35881
pnictogen hydride
pnictogen hydride
ChEBI
pnictogen hydrides
ChEBI
A substance used for its pharmacological action on any aspect of neurotransmitter systems. Neurotransmitter agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation inhibitors, uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function.
chebi_ontology
neurotransmitter agents
CHEBI:35942
neurotransmitter agent
neurotransmitter agents
ChEBI
Esters of benzoic acid or substituted benzoic acids.
benzoate ester
chebi_ontology
benzoate esters
benzoic acid esters
CHEBI:36054
benzoate ester
benzoate ester
ChEBI
benzoate esters
ChEBI
benzoic acid esters
ChEBI
Any member of a group of drugs that reversibly inhibit the propagation of signals along nerves. Wide variations in potency, stability, toxicity, water-solubility and duration of action determine the route used for administration, e.g. topical, intravenous, epidural or spinal block.
local anaesthetic
chebi_ontology
Lokalanaesthetikum
anesthesique local
local anaesthetics
local anesthetics
CHEBI:36333
local anaesthetic
local anaesthetic
IUPAC
Lokalanaesthetikum
ChEBI
anesthesique local
ChEBI
local anaesthetics
ChEBI
local anesthetics
ChEBI
Lepton is a fermion that does not experience the strong force (strong interaction). The term is derived from the Greek lambdaepsilonpitauomicronsigma (small, thin).
chebi_ontology
leptons
CHEBI:36338
lepton
leptons
ChEBI
Baryon is a fermion that does experience the strong force (strong interaction). The term is derived from the Greek betaalpharhoupsilonsigma (heavy).
chebi_ontology
baryons
CHEBI:36339
baryon
baryons
ChEBI
Particle of half-integer spin quantum number following Fermi-Dirac statistics. Fermions are named after Enrico Fermi.
fermion
chebi_ontology
fermions
CHEBI:36340
fermion
fermion
IUPAC
fermions
ChEBI
A particle smaller than an atom.
chebi_ontology
subatomic particles
CHEBI:36342
subatomic particle
subatomic particles
ChEBI
A subatomic particle known to have substructure (i.e. consisting of smaller particles).
chebi_ontology
composite particles
CHEBI:36343
composite particle
composite particles
ChEBI
Hadron is a subatomic particle which experiences the strong force.
chebi_ontology
hadrons
CHEBI:36344
hadron
hadrons
ChEBI
A nucleus or any of its constituents in any of their energy states.
nuclear particle
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:36347
nuclear particle
nuclear particle
IUPAC
Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom.
chebi_ontology
polyatomic entities
CHEBI:36357
polyatomic entity
polyatomic entities
ChEBI
An ion consisting of more than one atom.
chebi_ontology
polyatomic ions
CHEBI:36358
polyatomic ion
polyatomic ions
ChEBI
Any compound containing the carbonyl group, C=O. The term is commonly used in the restricted sense of aldehydes and ketones, although it actually includes carboxylic acids and derivatives.
carbonyl compounds
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:36586
carbonyl compound
carbonyl compounds
IUPAC
Organic compounds containing an oxygen atom, =O, doubly bonded to carbon or another element.
oxo compounds
chebi_ontology
organic oxo compounds
CHEBI:36587
organic oxo compound
oxo compounds
IUPAC
organic oxo compounds
ChEBI
chalcogen hydride
chebi_ontology
chalcogen hydrides
CHEBI:36902
chalcogen hydride
chalcogen hydride
ChEBI
chalcogen hydrides
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
inorganic ions
CHEBI:36914
inorganic ion
inorganic ions
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
inorganic cations
CHEBI:36915
inorganic cation
inorganic cations
ChEBI
A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the proton.
CHEBI:23058
CHEBI:3473
KEGG:C01373
Cation
cation
chebi_ontology
Kation
Kationen
cationes
cations
CHEBI:36916
cation
Cation
KEGG_COMPOUND
cation
ChEBI
cation
IUPAC
Kation
ChEBI
Kationen
ChEBI
cationes
ChEBI
cations
ChEBI
An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond.
organochalcogen compound
chebi_ontology
organochalcogen compounds
CHEBI:36962
organochalcogen compound
organochalcogen compound
ChEBI
organochalcogen compounds
ChEBI
An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond.
PMID:17586126
organooxygen compound
chebi_ontology
organooxygen compounds
CHEBI:36963
organooxygen compound
PMID:17586126
Europe PMC
organooxygen compound
ChEBI
organooxygen compounds
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
organic hydrides
CHEBI:37175
organic hydride
organic hydrides
ChEBI
mononuclear parent hydrides
chebi_ontology
mononuclear hydride
mononuclear hydrides
CHEBI:37176
mononuclear parent hydride
mononuclear parent hydrides
IUPAC
mononuclear hydride
ChEBI
mononuclear hydrides
IUPAC
CHEBI:27154
CHEBI:27155
chebi_ontology
tropane alkaloids
CHEBI:37332
tropane alkaloid
tropane alkaloids
ChEBI
An acid is a molecular entity capable of donating a hydron (Bronsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid).
CHEBI:13800
CHEBI:13801
CHEBI:22209
CHEBI:2426
KEGG:C00174
Acid
acid
chebi_ontology
Saeure
Saeuren
acide
acido
acids
CHEBI:37527
acid
Acid
KEGG_COMPOUND
acid
IUPAC
Saeure
ChEBI
Saeuren
ChEBI
acide
IUPAC
acido
ChEBI
acids
ChEBI
A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements.
chebi_ontology
chemical compound
heteroatomic molecular entities
CHEBI:37577
heteroatomic molecular entity
chemical compound
ChEBI
heteroatomic molecular entities
ChEBI
Any imide in which the acyl substituents are any two from carboacyl, sulfonyl and phosphoryl
chebi_ontology
mixed diacylamines
CHEBI:37716
mixed diacylamine
mixed diacylamines
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:37947
benzothiazoles
Any agent that acts on an adrenergic receptor or affects the life cycle of an adrenergic transmitter.
chebi_ontology
adrenergic agents
adrenergic drug
adrenergic drugs
adrenergic neuron agents
adrenergics
CHEBI:37962
adrenergic agent
adrenergic agents
ChEBI
adrenergic drug
ChEBI
adrenergic drugs
ChEBI
adrenergic neuron agents
ChEBI
adrenergics
ChEBI
Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms.
chebi_ontology
heterocyclic organonitrogen compounds
organonitrogen heterocyclic compounds
CHEBI:38101
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
heterocyclic organonitrogen compounds
ChEBI
organonitrogen heterocyclic compounds
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
heterocyclic organosulfur compounds
organosulfur heterocyclic compounds
CHEBI:38106
organosulfur heterocyclic compound
heterocyclic organosulfur compounds
ChEBI
organosulfur heterocyclic compounds
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
organic heteropentacyclic compounds
CHEBI:38164
organic heteropentacyclic compound
organic heteropentacyclic compounds
ChEBI
CHEBI:25429
CHEBI:38075
chebi_ontology
organic heteropolycyclic compounds
CHEBI:38166
organic heteropolycyclic compound
organic heteropolycyclic compounds
ChEBI
Any of a class of heterocyclic amines having a saturated five-membered ring.
CHEBI:26922
CHEBI:38191
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:38260
pyrrolidines
chebi_ontology
azabicycloalkanes
CHEBI:38295
azabicycloalkane
azabicycloalkanes
ChEBI
Any drug used for its actions on cholinergic systems. Included here are agonists and antagonists, drugs that affect the life cycle of acetylcholine, and drugs that affect the survival of cholinergic neurons.
chebi_ontology
cholinergic agent
cholinergic drugs
cholinomimetic
CHEBI:38323
cholinergic drug
cholinergic agent
ChEBI
cholinergic drugs
ChEBI
cholinomimetic
ChEBI
Any drug that binds to and activates cholinergic receptors.
chebi_ontology
acetylcholine agonist
acetylcholine agonists
acetylcholine receptor agonist
cholinergic agonists
cholinomimetic
cholinomimetics
CHEBI:38324
cholinergic agonist
acetylcholine agonist
ChEBI
acetylcholine agonists
ChEBI
acetylcholine receptor agonist
IUPHAR
cholinergic agonists
ChEBI
cholinomimetic
ChEBI
cholinomimetics
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parents
CHEBI:38515
isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent
isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parents
ChEBI
Any agent that affects the transport of molecular entities across a biological membrane.
chebi_ontology
membrane transport modulators
CHEBI:38632
membrane transport modulator
membrane transport modulators
ChEBI
An agent that inhibits sodium influx through cell membranes.
chebi_ontology
Na channel blocker
sodium channel blockers
CHEBI:38633
sodium channel blocker
Na channel blocker
ChEBI
sodium channel blockers
ChEBI
Substance which produces loss of feeling or sensation.
anaesthetic
chebi_ontology
Anaesthetika
Anaesthetikum
anaesthetics
anesthetic agent
anesthetic drug
anesthetics
CHEBI:38867
anaesthetic
anaesthetic
IUPAC
Anaesthetika
ChEBI
Anaesthetikum
ChEBI
anaesthetics
ChEBI
anesthetic agent
ChEBI
anesthetic drug
ChEBI
anesthetics
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
sodium channel modulators
CHEBI:39000
sodium channel modulator
sodium channel modulators
ChEBI
A molecular entity capable of donating a hydron to an acceptor (Bronsted base).
Bronsted acid
chebi_ontology
Bronsted-Saeure
acide de Bronsted
donneur d'hydron
hydron donor
CHEBI:39141
Bronsted acid
Bronsted acid
IUPAC
Bronsted-Saeure
ChEBI
acide de Bronsted
IUPAC
donneur d'hydron
IUPAC
hydron donor
IUPAC
A molecular entity capable of accepting a hydron from a donor (Bronsted acid).
Bronsted base
chebi_ontology
Bronsted-Base
accepteur d'hydron
base de Bronsted
hydron acceptor
CHEBI:39142
Bronsted base
Bronsted base
IUPAC
Bronsted-Base
ChEBI
accepteur d'hydron
IUPAC
base de Bronsted
IUPAC
hydron acceptor
IUPAC
A molecular entity able to provide a pair of electrons and thus capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron-pair acceptor (Lewis acid), thereby producing a Lewis adduct.
Lewis base
chebi_ontology
Lewis-Base
base de Lewis
donneur d'une paire d'electrons
electron donor
CHEBI:39144
Lewis base
Lewis base
IUPAC
Lewis-Base
ChEBI
base de Lewis
IUPAC
donneur d'une paire d'electrons
ChEBI
electron donor
ChEBI
A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has R-configuration.
0
C10H14N2
InChI=1S/C10H14N2/c1-12-7-3-5-10(12)9-4-2-6-11-8-9/h2,4,6,8,10H,3,5,7H2,1H3/t10-/m1/s1
SNICXCGAKADSCV-SNVBAGLBSA-N
162.23160
162.11570
CN1CCC[C@@H]1c1cccnc1
Beilstein:4666243
Beilstein:82110
CAS:25162-00-9
KEGG:C16386
3-[(2R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine
chebi_ontology
(+)-nicotine
(R)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine
d-nicotine
pseudonicotine
CHEBI:39162
(R)-nicotine
Beilstein:4666243
ChemIDplus
Beilstein:82110
Beilstein
CAS:25162-00-9
ChemIDplus
3-[(2R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine
IUPAC
(+)-nicotine
ChemIDplus
(R)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine
ChemIDplus
d-nicotine
ChemIDplus
pseudonicotine
ChemIDplus
0
HO
17.00734
17.00274
CHEBI:24706
CHEBI:43171
PDBeChem:OH
HYDROXY GROUP
hydroxy
hydroxy group
chebi_ontology
-OH
hydroxyl
hydroxyl group
CHEBI:43176
hydroxy group
HYDROXY GROUP
PDBeChem
hydroxy
IUPAC
hydroxy group
UniProt
-OH
IUPAC
hydroxyl
ChEBI
hydroxyl group
ChEBI
0
O
15.99940
15.99491
CHEBI:29353
CHEBI:44607
PDBeChem:O
OXO GROUP
oxo
chebi_ontology
=O
CHEBI:46629
oxo group
OXO GROUP
PDBeChem
oxo
IUPAC
=O
IUPAC
chebi_ontology
N-alkylpyrrolidines
CHEBI:46775
N-alkylpyrrolidine
N-alkylpyrrolidines
ChEBI
A liquid that can dissolve other substances (solutes) without any change in their chemical composition.
Wikipedia:Solvent
chebi_ontology
Loesungsmittel
solvant
solvents
CHEBI:46787
solvent
Loesungsmittel
ChEBI
solvant
ChEBI
solvents
ChEBI
0
CHO2
45.01744
44.99765
CHEBI:23025
CHEBI:41420
PDBeChem:FMT
CARBOXY GROUP
carboxy
chebi_ontology
-C(O)OH
-CO2H
-COOH
carboxyl group
CHEBI:46883
carboxy group
CARBOXY GROUP
PDBeChem
carboxy
IUPAC
-C(O)OH
IUPAC
-CO2H
ChEBI
-COOH
IUPAC
carboxyl group
ChEBI
Anything used in a scientific experiment to indicate the presence of a substance or quality, change in a body, etc.
chebi_ontology
Indikator
CHEBI:47867
indicator
Indikator
ChEBI
An agonist that selectively binds to and activates a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
CHEBI:82738
Wikipedia:Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor
chebi_ontology
muscarinic agonists
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists
nicotinic agonist
nicotinic agonists
CHEBI:47958
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
muscarinic agonists
ChEBI
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists
ChEBI
nicotinic agonist
ChEBI
nicotinic agonists
ChEBI
A substance used locally on humans and other animals to destroy harmful microorganisms or to inhibit their activity (cf. disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms found on non-living objects, and antibiotics, which can be transported through the lymphatic system to destroy bacteria within the body).
Wikipedia:Antiseptic
chebi_ontology
antiseptic
antiseptic agent
antiseptic agents
antiseptics
local antiinfective agents
local microbicides
topical antiinfective agents
topical microbicides
CHEBI:48218
antiseptic drug
antiseptic
ChEBI
antiseptic agent
ChEBI
antiseptic agents
ChEBI
antiseptics
ChEBI
local antiinfective agents
ChEBI
local microbicides
ChEBI
topical antiinfective agents
ChEBI
topical microbicides
ChEBI
An antimicrobial agent that is applied to non-living objects to destroy harmful microorganisms or to inhibit their activity.
chebi_ontology
Desinfektionsmittel
desinfectant
disinfectants
disinfecting agent
CHEBI:48219
disinfectant
Desinfektionsmittel
ChEBI
desinfectant
ChEBI
disinfectants
ChEBI
disinfecting agent
ChEBI
chebi_ontology
serotonergic agents
serotonergic drugs
serotonin drugs
CHEBI:48278
serotonergic drug
serotonergic agents
ChEBI
serotonergic drugs
ChEBI
serotonin drugs
ChEBI
A solvent that is composed of polar molecules. Polar solvents can dissolve ionic compounds or ionisable covalent compounds.
polar solvent
chebi_ontology
polar solvents
CHEBI:48354
polar solvent
polar solvent
IUPAC
polar solvents
ChEBI
A polar solvent that is capable of acting as a hydron (proton) donor.
protogenic solvent
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:48356
protic solvent
protogenic solvent
IUPAC
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:48359
protophilic solvent
chebi_ontology
CHEBI:48360
amphiprotic solvent
A drug used for its effects on dopamine receptors, on the life cycle of dopamine, or on the survival of dopaminergic neurons.
chebi_ontology
dopamine agent
dopamine agents
dopamine drug
dopamine drugs
dopaminergic agents
CHEBI:48560
dopaminergic agent
dopamine agent
ChEBI
dopamine agents
ChEBI
dopamine drug
ChEBI
dopamine drugs
ChEBI
dopaminergic agents
ChEBI
Substance which binds to cell receptors normally responding to naturally occurring substances and which produces a response of its own.
agonist
chebi_ontology
agonista
agoniste
agonists
CHEBI:48705
agonist
agonist
IUPAC
agonista
ChEBI
agoniste
ChEBI
agonists
ChEBI
Substance that attaches to and blocks cell receptors that normally bind naturally occurring substances.
antagonist
chebi_ontology
antagonista
antagoniste
antagonists
CHEBI:48706