ceph.owl
type: Ontology
has_obo_format_version: 1.2
default-namespace: ceph
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
source: Young, Richard E., Michael Vecchione, and Katharina M. Mangold (1922-2003). 2012. Cephalopoda Cuvier 1797. Octopods, squids, nautiluses, etc.. Version 10 November 2012 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Cephalopoda/19386/2012.11.10 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
imports: taxonomy.owl
imports: cl import.owl
imports: go import.owl
imports: ro import.owl
imports: uberon import.owl
version IRI: ceph.owl

is about
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: todo - mireot

definition
type: AnnotationProperty

plural term
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: synonym_type_property

taxonomic disambiguation
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: synonym_type_property

term used in octopoda
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: synonym_type_property

term used in squid
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: synonym_type_property

source
type: AnnotationProperty

synonym_type_property
type: AnnotationProperty

has_alternative_id
type: AnnotationProperty

has_broad_synonym
type: AnnotationProperty

database_cross_reference
type: AnnotationProperty

has_exact_synonym
type: AnnotationProperty

has_narrow_synonym
type: AnnotationProperty

has_obo_format_version
type: AnnotationProperty

has_related_synonym
type: AnnotationProperty

has_synonym_type
type: AnnotationProperty

in_subset
type: AnnotationProperty

shorthand
type: AnnotationProperty

obo-source
type: AnnotationProperty

part_of
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
database_cross_reference: BFO:0000050
shorthand: part_of

has part
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
database_cross_reference: BFO:0000051
shorthand: has_part
inverse of: part_of

homologous_to
type: ObjectProperty

develops from
type: ObjectProperty

capable_of
type: ObjectProperty

adjacent to
type: ObjectProperty

aboral to
type: ObjectProperty
definition: Away from or opposite the mouth.

Axiom
annotated target: Away from or opposite the mouth.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated property: definition
annotated source: aboral to

continuous_with
type: ObjectProperty

dorsal_to
type: ObjectProperty

proximal_to
type: ObjectProperty

secretes
type: ObjectProperty

surrounded_by
type: ObjectProperty

surrounds
type: ObjectProperty

trait of
type: ObjectProperty
property chain axiom: part_of

ventral_to
type: ObjectProperty

depicts
type: ObjectProperty

eyelid
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
creation date: 2011-01-30T08:15:10Z
comment: Consider re-using Uberon class
created by: cjm

accessory nidamental gland
type: Class
subclass of: nidamental gland
definition: The basic structural unit is a tubule composed of a single layer of epithelial cells containing ordered arrays of rough endoplasmic reticulum and a lumenal surface covered with microvilli, cilia, and structural specialization presumed to be involved in secretion.

Axiom
annotated target: The basic structural unit is a tubule composed of a single layer of epithelial cells containing ordered arrays of rough endoplasmic reticulum and a lumenal surface covered with microvilli, cilia, and structural specialization presumed to be involved in secretion.
annotated source: accessory nidamental gland
annotated property: definition
database_cross_reference: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/906013

cephalopod eye
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000970
creation date: 2011-01-30T08:21:37Z
created by: cjm
comment: todo - reconcile with camera-type eye in uberon

circumoral appendage bud
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0005423

accessory gland complex
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
subclass of: UBERON_0005399
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002160
  some values from: NCBITaxon_61743
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cirrate male reproductive system
definition: The glandular complex in cirrates that forms sperm packets and is a counterpart of the spermatophore-forming complex of other cephalopods.

Axiom
annotated target: The glandular complex in cirrates that forms sperm packets and is a counterpart of the spermatophore-forming complex of other cephalopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: accessory gland complex
annotated property: definition

acetabulum
type: Class
subclass of: sucker
definition: A sucker of the sepia or cuttlefish and related animals.

Axiom
annotated target: A sucker of the sepia or cuttlefish and related animals.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: acetabulum
annotated property: definition

adult stage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000105
definition: A female that has mature eggs (these are frequently stored in the oviducts), or a male that has produced spermatophores (these are stored in Needham's sac).

Axiom
annotated target: A female that has mature eggs (these are frequently stored in the oviducts), or a male that has produced spermatophores (these are stored in Needham's sac).
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: adult stage
annotated property: definition

main nidamental gland
type: Class
subclass of: nidamental gland

anal flap
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003978
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001245
definition: A small flap on the lateral side of the anus.
has_exact_synonym: anal valve

Axiom
annotated target: A small flap on the lateral side of the anus.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: anal flap
annotated property: definition

anterior salivary gland
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001044
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: buccal mass
definition: Glands on or in the buccal mass that aid in preliminary digestion.

Axiom
annotated target: Glands on or in the buccal mass that aid in preliminary digestion.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Digestive_System
annotated source: anterior salivary gland
annotated property: definition

antitragus
type: Class
subclass of: funnel-mantle locking-apparatus
definition: Knob that projects inward from the posterior surface of the central depression in the funnel locking-apparatus of some squids.

Axiom
annotated target: Knob that projects inward from the posterior surface of the central depression in the funnel locking-apparatus of some squids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: antitragus
annotated property: definition

areolar spot
type: Class
subclass of: spot
definition: Circular spots, generally light colored but often with complex pigmentation and of unknown function that occur in lines along the aboral surfaces of some arms and portions of the head in some opisthoteuthid cirrates.

Axiom
annotated target: Circular spots, generally light colored but often with complex pigmentation and of unknown function that occur in lines along the aboral surfaces of some arms and portions of the head in some opisthoteuthid cirrates.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: areolar spot
annotated property: definition

arm
type: Class
subclass of: circumoral appendage
definition: One of the circumoral appendages of cephalopods. In decapodiforms each member of the fourth pair of arms is modified to form a tentacle.
has_exact_synonym: circumoral arm

Axiom
annotated target: One of the circumoral appendages of cephalopods. In decapodiforms each member of the fourth pair of arms is modified to form a tentacle.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: arm
annotated property: definition

arm formula
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod trait
subclass of: appendage trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: arm
definition: The relative sizes of arms arranged according to their length. The largest arm is indicated first and the shortest last. An example arm formula is IV>III=II>I. Here arm IV is the largest, followed by arm III which is the same size as arm II and both are larger than arm I.

Axiom
annotated target: The relative sizes of arms arranged according to their length. The largest arm is indicated first and the shortest last. An example arm formula is IV>III=II>I. Here arm IV is the largest, followed by arm III which is the same size as arm II and both are larger than arm I.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: arm formula
annotated property: definition

arm IV
type: Class
subclass of: arm
comment: In some squids arms IV are much longer and broader than the other arms.
has_related_synonym: ventral arm

Axiom
annotated target: In some squids arms IV are much longer and broader than the other arms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Arms_IV:_Size
annotated source: arm IV
annotated property: comment

armature of the arms
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: circumoral appendage
definition: The grappling structures on the oral surfaces the arms and tentacles, including both suckers and hooks.

Axiom
annotated target: The grappling structures on the oral surfaces the arms and tentacles, including both suckers and hooks.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Armature_of_Cephalopod_Arms
annotated source: armature of the arms
annotated property: definition

a-seriation
type: Class
subclass of: head trait
definition: Type of cusp arrangement on the rachadian tooth of the radula: multiple cusps seem to move laterally when viewing successive rachadian teeth from adjacent rows.

Axiom
annotated target: Type of cusp arrangement on the rachadian tooth of the radula: multiple cusps seem to move laterally when viewing successive rachadian teeth from adjacent rows.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: a-seriation
annotated property: definition

autotomy plane
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000466
definition: Plane through an arm of an octopod that is predisposed to break when the arm is autotomized.

Axiom
annotated target: Plane through an arm of an octopod that is predisposed to break when the arm is autotomized.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: autotomy plane
annotated property: definition

basal shelf
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: See cirrate shell terminology.

Axiom
annotated target: See cirrate shell terminology.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: basal shelf
annotated property: definition

beak
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: chitin
definition: One of the two chitinous jaws of cephalopods. The dorsal beak is the "upper" beak and it inserts within the lower beak to tear tissue with a sissors-like cutting action.
has_related_synonym: rostrum

Axiom
annotated target: One of the two chitinous jaws of cephalopods. The dorsal beak is the "upper" beak and it inserts within the lower beak to tear tissue with a sissors-like cutting action.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Beak_Terminology
annotated source: beak
annotated property: definition

beak step
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: ventral beak
definition: A ridge on the lower beak where the rostral edge merges onto the lateral wall. In most beaks the merger is smooth. This is a characteristic feature of the Onychoteuthidae.

Axiom
annotated target: A ridge on the lower beak where the rostral edge merges onto the lateral wall. In most beaks the merger is smooth. This is a characteristic feature of the Onychoteuthidae.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: beak step
annotated property: definition

branchial canal
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: A large opening at the base of each gill lamella and between the primary afferent and efferent blood vessels of the gill. A branchial canal is absent in Nautilus , sepioid decapodiformes and cirrate octopods.

Axiom
annotated target: A large opening at the base of each gill lamella and between the primary afferent and efferent blood vessels of the gill. A branchial canal is absent in Nautilus , sepioid decapodiformes and cirrate octopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: branchial canal
annotated property: definition

brachial crown
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounds
  some values from: UBERON_0000166
definition: The combination of arms and tentacles that surround the mouth.

Axiom
annotated target: The combination of arms and tentacles that surround the mouth.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brachial_and_Buccal_Crowns
annotated source: brachial crown
annotated property: definition

brachial lobe of brain
type: Class
subclass of: lobe of brain
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: subesophageal mass of brain
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: ventral_to
  some values from: UBERON_0001043
definition: The anterior-most part of the brain located ventral to the esophagus. The large axial nerve cords that run down the centers of the arms connect to this lobe. In octopods this lobe is fused with the rest of the subesophageal mass while in decapodiforms and Vampyroteuthis it is separate from the remaining brain.
has_exact_synonym: anterior subesophageal mass
has_exact_synonym: anterior subesophageal mass of brain

Axiom
annotated target: The anterior-most part of the brain located ventral to the esophagus. The large axial nerve cords that run down the centers of the arms connect to this lobe. In octopods this lobe is fused with the rest of the subesophageal mass while in decapodiforms and Vampyroteuthis it is separate from the remaining brain.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brain_Terminology
annotated source: brachial lobe of brain
annotated property: definition

branchial gland
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
definition: Elongate gland adjacent to and paralleling the gill where the gill attaches to the mantle wall.

Axiom
annotated target: Elongate gland adjacent to and paralleling the gill where the gill attaches to the mantle wall.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: branchial gland
annotated property: definition

branchial heart
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
definition: A pulsating gland at the base of the gill and through which the afferent blood to the gills flows. It contributes to the blood flow through the gill but also is the site of hemocyanin (the blood respiratory pigment) synthesis.
comment: Branchial hearts appear to be involved in hemocyanin synthesis

Axiom
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branchial_heart
annotated target: Branchial hearts appear to be involved in hemocyanin synthesis
annotated source: branchial heart
annotated property: comment

Axiom
annotated target: A pulsating gland at the base of the gill and through which the afferent blood to the gills flows. It contributes to the blood flow through the gill but also is the site of hemocyanin (the blood respiratory pigment) synthesis.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: branchial heart
annotated property: definition

brachial photophore
type: Class
subclass of: photophore
definition: Photophores located on the arms.
external definition: photophore at base of gill[http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology?acc_id=2015]l

Axiom
obo-source: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology
annotated target: photophore at base of gill[http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology?acc_id=2015]l
annotated source: brachial photophore
annotated property: external definition

Axiom
annotated target: Photophores located on the arms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: brachial photophore
annotated property: definition

brachial pillar
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: adjacent to
  some values from: brachial crown
definition: A very narrow and elongate anterior region of the head between the eyes and the base of the brachial crown. A branchial pillar is especially well developed in many young cranchiid squid.

Axiom
annotated target: A very narrow and elongate anterior region of the head between the eyes and the base of the brachial crown. A branchial pillar is especially well developed in many young cranchiid squid.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: brachial pillar
annotated property: definition

cephalopod brain
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000955
definition: Medial portion of the central nervous system. It includes the subesophageal and supraesophageal masses but generally does not include the large optic lobes.

Axiom
annotated target: Medial portion of the central nervous system. It includes the subesophageal and supraesophageal masses but generally does not include the large optic lobes.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brain_Terminology
annotated source: cephalopod brain
annotated property: definition

brooding
type: Class
subclass of: reproductive trait
definition: Incubation of eggs by the parent. A characteristic feature of incirrate octopods but also found in some squid (e.g., Gonatidae).

Axiom
annotated target: Incubation of eggs by the parent. A characteristic feature of incirrate octopods but also found in some squid (e.g., Gonatidae).
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: brooding
annotated property: definition

buccal connective
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000158
definition: Muscular membrane that runs from the buccal support to the base of the adjacent arm. The position of the connective on the fourth arms was recognized in the early 20th century as an important character in interpreting phylogenetic relationships among decapodiforms.

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular membrane that runs from the buccal support to the base of the adjacent arm. The position of the connective on the fourth arms was recognized in the early 20th century as an important character in interpreting phylogenetic relationships among decapodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brachial_and_Buccal_Crowns
annotated source: buccal connective
annotated property: definition

buccal crown
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounds
  some values from: UBERON_0000166
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounded_by
  some values from: brachial crown
definition: Umbrella-like structure that surrounds the mouth and is surrounded by the brachial crown. It consists of buccal supports and the buccal membrane. The buccal crown is present in most decapodiforms but absent from all octopodiforms.
RO_0002161: NCBITaxon_215451

Axiom
annotated target: Umbrella-like structure that surrounds the mouth and is surrounded by the brachial crown. It consists of buccal supports and the buccal membrane. The buccal crown is present in most decapodiforms but absent from all octopodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brachial_and_Buccal_Crowns
annotated source: buccal crown
annotated property: definition

buccal mass
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001007
definition: Muscular bulb at the beginning of the digestive system that contains the mouth, beaks, radula and various glands.
has_related_synonym: buccal system

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular bulb at the beginning of the digestive system that contains the mouth, beaks, radula and various glands.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Digestive_System
annotated source: buccal mass
annotated property: definition

buccal membrane
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000158
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: buccal crown
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounds
  some values from: UBERON_0000165
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0000033
definition: The muscular membrane that connects the buccal supports and together with the supports, forms the buccal crown. The pigmentation of the buccal membrane often differs from that of the adjacent oral surfaces of the arms.

Axiom
annotated target: The muscular membrane that connects the buccal supports and together with the supports, forms the buccal crown. The pigmentation of the buccal membrane often differs from that of the adjacent oral surfaces of the arms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brachial_and_Buccal_Crowns
annotated source: buccal membrane
annotated property: definition

buccal sucker
type: Class
subclass of: sucker
definition: Small but normal suckers that are present on the oral surface of the buccal supports of some decapodiforms (bathyteuthid families, some loliginids and some sepiids).
comment: TODO - add buccal membrane support

Axiom
annotated target: Small but normal suckers that are present on the oral surface of the buccal supports of some decapodiforms (bathyteuthid families, some loliginids and some sepiids).
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brachial_and_Buccal_Crowns
annotated source: buccal sucker
annotated property: definition

bursa copulatrix
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod sperm receptacle
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006580
definition: A spermatophore receptacle found in some sepiolids and consisting of folded glandular epithelium of the lining of the mantle cavity just anterior to the oviduct opening.

Axiom
annotated target: A spermatophore receptacle found in some sepiolids and consisting of folded glandular epithelium of the lining of the mantle cavity just anterior to the oviduct opening.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: bursa copulatrix
annotated property: definition

caecal sac
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: caecum
definition: The sac-like, thin-walled posterior portion of the caecum that lacks the internal, ciliated leaflets characteristic of the anterior portion of the caecum.

Axiom
annotated target: The sac-like, thin-walled posterior portion of the caecum that lacks the internal, ciliated leaflets characteristic of the anterior portion of the caecum.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Digestive_System
annotated source: caecal sac
annotated property: definition

caecum
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001555
definition: Region of the digestive tract of all cephalopods between the stomach and intestine. It is the primary site of food absorption.

Axiom
annotated target: Region of the digestive tract of all cephalopods between the stomach and intestine. It is the primary site of food absorption.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Digestive_System
annotated source: caecum
annotated property: definition

calcareous
type: Class
subclass of: shell trait
definition: Composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

Axiom
annotated target: Composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: calcareous
annotated property: definition

calamus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
subclass of: UBERON_0005156
subclass of: UBERON_0014403
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: adjacent to
  some values from: sucker
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: end organ
definition: The conical papilla of the end-organ of the hectocotylus in many incirrate octopods. It is located at the distal termination of the sperm groove and usually lies adjacent to the last arm sucker.

Axiom
annotated target: The conical papilla of the end-organ of the hectocotylus in many incirrate octopods. It is located at the distal termination of the sperm groove and usually lies adjacent to the last arm sucker.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: calamus
annotated property: definition

cement body
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: spermatophore
definition: Structure in the spermatophore that allows adhesion of the discharged spermatophore to a female.

Axiom
annotated target: Structure in the spermatophore that allows adhesion of the discharged spermatophore to a female.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Spermatophore_Terminology
annotated source: cement body
annotated property: definition

carpal sucker
type: Class
subclass of: sucker
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: carpal locking apparatus
definition: Suckers in the locking apparatus at the base of the club.

Axiom
annotated target: Suckers in the locking apparatus at the base of the club.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Tentacle_Terminology
annotated source: carpal sucker
annotated property: definition

carpal knob
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: carpal locking apparatus
definition: Knobs in the locking apparatus at the base of the club.

Axiom
annotated target: Knobs in the locking apparatus at the base of the club.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Tentacle_Terminology
annotated source: carpal knob
annotated property: definition

carpus
type: Class
subclass of: circumoral appendage segment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacular club
definition: The region of the tentacle that contains the carpal locking-apparatus
comment: The term 'carpus' is most appropriate where the carpal locking-apparatus is separate from the manus (e.g., Onychoteuthis spp.).

Axiom
annotated target: The region of the tentacle that contains the carpal locking-apparatus
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Tentacle_Terminology
annotated source: carpus
annotated property: definition

Axiom
source: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Tentacle_Terminology
annotated target: The term 'carpus' is most appropriate where the carpal locking-apparatus is separate from the manus (e.g., Onychoteuthis spp.).
annotated source: carpus
annotated property: comment

carpal locking apparatus
type: Class
subclass of: circumoral appendage segment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacular club
definition: The region at the base of the tentacular club which has small suckers and knobs. The carpal suckers and knobs of one tentacle can adhere to their counterparts on the opposite tentacle which, thereby, holds the clubs together at their bases.
has_exact_synonym: proximal locking-apparatus

Axiom
annotated target: The region at the base of the tentacular club which has small suckers and knobs. The carpal suckers and knobs of one tentacle can adhere to their counterparts on the opposite tentacle which, thereby, holds the clubs together at their bases.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: carpal locking apparatus
annotated property: definition

cartilaginous tubercle
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod tubercule
subclass of: UBERON_0002418
subclass of: UBERON_4100000
definition: Rigid cartilagenous spines, with one or several cusps, in the skin of certain squids and octopods.

Axiom
annotated target: Rigid cartilagenous spines, with one or several cusps, in the skin of certain squids and octopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cartilaginous tubercle
annotated property: definition

cephalic cartilage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002418
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounds
  some values from: UBERON_0001043
definition: Cartilage surrounding the posterior part of the brain of cephalopods and generally encompasing the statocysts. Anteriorly the cartilage thins into facia making a well-defined limit difficult to establish. The cartilage has a large central foramen through which the esophagus passes and minor foramina for nerves and blood vessels.

Axiom
annotated target: Cartilage surrounding the posterior part of the brain of cephalopods and generally encompasing the statocysts. Anteriorly the cartilage thins into facia making a well-defined limit difficult to establish. The cartilage has a large central foramen through which the esophagus passes and minor foramina for nerves and blood vessels.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalic cartilage
annotated property: definition

cephalic vein
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001638
definition: Large vein that drains the head and lies on the ventral surface of the visceral sac, along side or dorsal to the intestine. The cephalic vein terminates by dividing into the two vena cavae, each of which passes through the "kidney" (nephridium), the branchial heart and into the gill.

Axiom
annotated target: Large vein that drains the head and lies on the ventral surface of the visceral sac, along side or dorsal to the intestine. The cephalic vein terminates by dividing into the two vena cavae, each of which passes through the "kidney" (nephridium), the branchial heart and into the gill.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalic vein
annotated property: definition

chitin
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000463
definition: A mucopolysaccharide that is the major component of the cuticle (exoskeleton) of arthropods and a major component of the gladius and beaks of cephalopods (also found in many other phyla).
comment: TODO - replace with uberon

Axiom
annotated target: A mucopolysaccharide that is the major component of the cuticle (exoskeleton) of arthropods and a major component of the gladius and beaks of cephalopods (also found in many other phyla).
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: chitin
annotated property: definition

chromatophore
type: Class
subclass of: CL_0000147
definition: A pigment cell. In cephalopods the chromatophore is part of an organ composed of numerous cells including many slender muscle cells. Under nervous control, the muscles rapidly expand and flatten the pigment cell which spreads the pigment over a relatively broad area.

Axiom
annotated target: A pigment cell. In cephalopods the chromatophore is part of an organ composed of numerous cells including many slender muscle cells. Under nervous control, the muscles rapidly expand and flatten the pigment cell which spreads the pigment over a relatively broad area.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Chromatophore
annotated source: chromatophore
annotated property: definition

circularis muscle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001630
definition: A circular muscle found in the suckers of most sepioids and loliginids that surrounds the sucker at the base of the horny ring.

Axiom
annotated target: A circular muscle found in the suckers of most sepioids and loliginids that surrounds the sucker at the base of the horny ring.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: circularis muscle
annotated property: definition

cirrate male reproductive system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000079
definition: The male reproductive tract of cirrates does not make typical spermatophores. As a result, the tract differs greatly from that of other coleoid cephalopods.

Axiom
annotated target: The male reproductive tract of cirrates does not make typical spermatophores. As a result, the tract differs greatly from that of other coleoid cephalopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cirrate_Male_Reproductive_Tract
annotated source: cirrate male reproductive system
annotated property: definition

cirrate octopod measurements
type: Class
subclass of: whole organism trait
definition: Measurements used in describing cirrates differ somewhat from other cephalopods.

Axiom
annotated target: Measurements used in describing cirrates differ somewhat from other cephalopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cirrate_Measurements_and_Indices
annotated source: cirrate octopod measurements
annotated property: definition

arm cirrus
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: cirrus
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: part_of
    some values from: arm
subclass of: cirrus
subclass of: UBERON_0001630
definition: Muscular, conical structures that arise from the sides of the arms of some octopodiforms. Cirri are homologous with trabeculae of decapodiforms.

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular, conical structures that arise from the sides of the arms of some octopodiforms. Cirri are homologous with trabeculae of decapodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: arm cirrus
annotated property: definition

cephalopod coelom
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002323
definition: An internal body cavity of mesodermal orgin that is lined by an epithelium. Cephalopods have two coeloms, the visceropericardial coelom and the nephridial coelom.
disjoint union of: nephridial coelom
disjoint union of: visceropericardial coelom

Axiom
annotated target: An internal body cavity of mesodermal orgin that is lined by an epithelium. Cephalopods have two coeloms, the visceropericardial coelom and the nephridial coelom.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalopod coelom
annotated property: definition

collar
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001630
subclass of: UBERON_0003978
subclass of: UBERON_0006581
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006580
definition: Muscular structure extending from the nuchal cartilage to the funnel that forms a one-way valve that lets water enter the mantle cavity but closes as the mantle contracts thereby forcing exhalent water out through the funnel.

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular structure extending from the nuchal cartilage to the funnel that forms a one-way valve that lets water enter the mantle cavity but closes as the mantle contracts thereby forcing exhalent water out through the funnel.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: collar
annotated property: definition

photophore color filter
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: photophore
definition: Structures that alter the color of bioluminescent light.

Axiom
annotated target: Structures that alter the color of bioluminescent light.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: photophore color filter
annotated property: definition

conus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gladius
definition: The cup or cone-shaped posterior end of the gladius or cuttlebone of some cephalopods. It is not formed by the infolding of the vanes.
has_narrow_synonym: conus flag
has_related_synonym: cone

Axiom
annotated target: The cup or cone-shaped posterior end of the gladius or cuttlebone of some cephalopods. It is not formed by the infolding of the vanes.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: conus
annotated property: definition

conus field
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gladius
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: conus
definition: Lateral portions of the gladius that are continuous posteriorly with the primary conus or its remnant and laterally with the edges of the vanes.

Axiom
annotated target: Lateral portions of the gladius that are continuous posteriorly with the primary conus or its remnant and laterally with the edges of the vanes.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Gladius_Terminology
annotated source: conus field
annotated property: definition

cornea
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cephalopod eye
definition: Smooth, thin, turgid, transparent skin without muscles that covers the eyes to protect the eye lenses of incirrate octopods and some decapodiforms.
comment: todo - reconcile with metazoan def in uberon

Axiom
annotated target: Smooth, thin, turgid, transparent skin without muscles that covers the eyes to protect the eye lenses of incirrate octopods and some decapodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Cornea
annotated source: cornea
annotated property: definition

counterillumination
type: Class
subclass of: integument trait
definition: The production of bioluminescent light by an animal to conceal its silhouette against the downwelling light. The process can allow an aninmal to become virtually invisible under dim directional light.

Axiom
annotated target: The production of bioluminescent light by an animal to conceal its silhouette against the downwelling light. The process can allow an aninmal to become virtually invisible under dim directional light.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: counterillumination
annotated property: definition

crest of hectocotylus
type: Class
subclass of: GO_0016020
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: hectocotylus
definition: In loliginids a protective membrane on the hectocotylized arm can fuse with the adjacent suckerless papillae (former sucker stalks) to form a crest on the dorsal or ventral margins such that the original form of the papillae is obscured.

Axiom
annotated target: In loliginids a protective membrane on the hectocotylized arm can fuse with the adjacent suckerless papillae (former sucker stalks) to form a crest on the dorsal or ventral margins such that the original form of the papillae is obscured.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: crest of hectocotylus
annotated property: definition

crop
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001555
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: UBERON_0001043
definition: Expansion (i.e. a broading or a side pocket) of the esophagus for storing food. Present in Nautilus and most octopodiforms.

Axiom
annotated target: Expansion (i.e. a broading or a side pocket) of the esophagus for storing food. Present in Nautilus and most octopodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Digestive_System
annotated source: crop
annotated property: definition

ctenoglossan radula
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0004289
definition: Radula in which the lateral teeth are multicuspid.

Axiom
annotated target: Radula in which the lateral teeth are multicuspid.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: ctenoglossan radula
annotated property: definition

cupped coil
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gladius
definition: The peculiar posterior end of the histioteuthis gladius that is rolled into a coil.

Axiom
annotated target: The peculiar posterior end of the histioteuthis gladius that is rolled into a coil.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cupped coil
annotated property: definition

cusp
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: A point or projection on a tooth of the radula or on a cartilagenous tubercule in the skin.
comment: todo - add subclasses for radula or skin

Axiom
annotated target: A point or projection on a tooth of the radula or on a cartilagenous tubercule in the skin.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cusp
annotated property: definition

cuttlebone
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: homologous_to
  some values from: phragmacone
comment: Predominately calcareous internal shell of sepiids (cuttlefish). It is composed of many chambers and functions primarily as a buoyancy organ. The cuttlebone is homologous with the phragmocone of Spirula, Nautilus and many fossil cephalopods.
has_related_synonym: sepion
definition: A calcareous oblong supporting part of the mantle of cuttlefishes

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: A calcareous oblong supporting part of the mantle of cuttlefishes
annotated source: cuttlebone
annotated property: definition

Axiom
annotated target: Predominately calcareous internal shell of sepiids (cuttlefish). It is composed of many chambers and functions primarily as a buoyancy organ. The cuttlebone is homologous with the phragmocone of Spirula, Nautilus and many fossil cephalopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cuttlebone
annotated property: comment

dactylus
type: Class
subclass of: circumoral appendage segment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacular club
definition: The narrow, distal portion of the tentacular club of most decapodiforms. In squids the dactylus is usually characterized by the ventral expansion of the club and the absence of a dorsal protective membrane.

Axiom
annotated target: The narrow, distal portion of the tentacular club of most decapodiforms. In squids the dactylus is usually characterized by the ventral expansion of the club and the absence of a dorsal protective membrane.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Tentacle_Terminology
annotated source: dactylus
annotated property: definition

demersal
type: Class
subclass of: habitat trait
definition: Living close to the ocean floor.

Axiom
annotated target: Living close to the ocean floor.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: demersal
annotated property: definition

demibranch
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gill
definition: A half-gill formed from all the primary gill lamellae on one side of the gill.

Axiom
annotated target: A half-gill formed from all the primary gill lamellae on one side of the gill.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: demibranch
annotated property: definition

diel vertical migration
type: Class
subclass of: habitat trait
definition: Vertical animal migration during twilight. Many mesopelagic animals migrate at sunrise from near-surface waters to spend the day at greater depths then return to shallow depths at sunset where they spend the night. Some animals migrate vertically over 1000 m others migrate less than 100 m.

Axiom
annotated target: Vertical animal migration during twilight. Many mesopelagic animals migrate at sunrise from near-surface waters to spend the day at greater depths then return to shallow depths at sunset where they spend the night. Some animals migrate vertically over 1000 m others migrate less than 100 m.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: diel vertical migration
annotated property: definition

digestive gland
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
subclass of: UBERON_0003408
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001555
definition: Primary organ in cephalopods that secretes digestive enzymes. It is also important in absorption and excretion.

Axiom
annotated target: Primary organ in cephalopods that secretes digestive enzymes. It is also important in absorption and excretion.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Digestive_System
annotated source: digestive gland
annotated property: definition

digestive gland duct appendages (digda)
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001555
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: UBERON_0006799
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: digestive gland
definition: Outpockets of the ducts leading from the digestive gland that are covered with glandular epithelium.

Axiom
annotated target: Outpockets of the ducts leading from the digestive gland that are covered with glandular epithelium.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Digestive_System
annotated source: digestive gland duct appendages (digda)
annotated property: definition

distal oviduct
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000993
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: oviducal gland
definition: An extension of the oviducal gland in octopods that often has the same general appearance as the oviduct proximal to the oviducal gland.

Axiom
annotated target: An extension of the oviducal gland in octopods that often has the same general appearance as the oviduct proximal to the oviducal gland.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: distal oviduct
annotated property: definition

doratopsis stage
type: Class
subclass of: paralarval stage
definition: Peculiar paralarval stage of the Chiroteuthidae. The paralarva is very slender and can reach a large size.
has_related_synonym: doratopsis

Axiom
annotated target: Peculiar paralarval stage of the Chiroteuthidae. The paralarva is very slender and can reach a large size.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Chiroteuthid_Doratopsis_Stage
annotated source: doratopsis stage
annotated property: definition

dorsal mantle cavity
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002553
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006580
definition: Dorsal portion of the mantle cavity that completely surrounds the viscera in octopods. In decapodiforms and Vampyroteuthis the viscera are fused to the mantle and shell dorsally and the mantle cavity lies lateral and ventral to the viscera.

Axiom
annotated target: Dorsal portion of the mantle cavity that completely surrounds the viscera in octopods. In decapodiforms and Vampyroteuthis the viscera are fused to the mantle and shell dorsally and the mantle cavity lies lateral and ventral to the viscera.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: dorsal mantle cavity
annotated property: definition

efferent vein
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001638
definition: vein carrying blood away from an organ.
comment: todo - mireot

Axiom
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated target: vein carrying blood away from an organ.
annotated source: efferent vein
annotated property: definition

efferent nerve
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001021
definition: nerve carring impulses away from the brain or specific ganglia.
comment: TODO - mireot uberon

Axiom
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated target: nerve carring impulses away from the brain or specific ganglia.
annotated source: efferent nerve
annotated property: definition

egg mass
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
definition: A large number of eggs encapsulated in a gelatinous matrix or a large number of such structures that are attached together. The egg mass of an oceanic squid can be a large, fragile gelatinous ball carrying many thousands of eggs. In contrast, the egg mass of a neritic squid (loliginid) can be composed of very tough capsules each carrying several hundred eggs with many capsules attached together at their bases and to the substrate to form an egg mass.
has_related_synonym: egg case
comment: todo - mireot

Axiom
annotated target: A large number of eggs encapsulated in a gelatinous matrix or a large number of such structures that are attached together. The egg mass of an oceanic squid can be a large, fragile gelatinous ball carrying many thousands of eggs. In contrast, the egg mass of a neritic squid (loliginid) can be composed of very tough capsules each carrying several hundred eggs with many capsules attached together at their bases and to the substrate to form an egg mass.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: egg mass
annotated property: definition

ejaculatory apparatus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0005156
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: spermatophore
definition: Portion of the spermatophore involved in the eversion of the sperm mass.

Axiom
annotated target: Portion of the spermatophore involved in the eversion of the sperm mass.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Spermatophore_Terminology
annotated source: ejaculatory apparatus
annotated property: definition

end organ
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
subclass of: UBERON_0005156
subclass of: UBERON_0014403
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: hectocotylus
definition: The tip of the hectocotylus in incirrate octopods consisting of a calamus and ligula presumably for manipulating the spermatophore during copulation.
has_exact_synonym: end organ of hectocotylus
has_related_synonym: terminal organ

Axiom
annotated target: The tip of the hectocotylus in incirrate octopods consisting of a calamus and ligula presumably for manipulating the spermatophore during copulation.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: end organ
annotated property: definition

epithelial pigmentation
type: Class
subclass of: integument trait
definition: The pigmentation that is contained in epithelial cells which are unable to change their shape. Color in most cephalopods, however, is due to pigment granules that are contained in specialized organs, the chromatophore organs, that can change shape rapidly under nervous control. See chromatophores.

Axiom
annotated target: The pigmentation that is contained in epithelial cells which are unable to change their shape. Color in most cephalopods, however, is due to pigment granules that are contained in specialized organs, the chromatophore organs, that can change shape rapidly under nervous control. See chromatophores.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: epithelial pigmentation
annotated property: definition

eye pore
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: adjacent to
  some values from: cephalopod eye
definition: Small pore just anterior to the cornea in some decapodiforms. The pore is the remnant of the large eye opening of oegopsids and connects fluid between the lens and the cornea with the exterior environment.

Axiom
annotated target: Small pore just anterior to the cornea in some decapodiforms. The pore is the remnant of the large eye opening of oegopsids and connects fluid between the lens and the cornea with the exterior environment.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: eye pore
annotated property: definition

eyelid sinus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: eyelid
definition: Indentation, often complex, of the anterior margin of the eyelid.
has_exact_synonym: optic sinus
has_exact_synonym: orbital sinus

Axiom
annotated target: Indentation, often complex, of the anterior margin of the eyelid.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Eyelid_Sinus
annotated source: eyelid sinus
annotated property: definition

fin angle
type: Class
subclass of: fin trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: fin
definition: The angle between the longitudinal axis of the mantle and the posterior border of one fin.

Axiom
annotated target: The angle between the longitudinal axis of the mantle and the posterior border of one fin.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: fin angle
annotated property: definition

fin attachment
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: fin
definition: A fin attaches to the shell, the mantle, the opposite fin or some combination of these.

Axiom
annotated target: A fin attaches to the shell, the mantle, the opposite fin or some combination of these.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Fin_Attachment
annotated source: fin attachment
annotated property: definition

fin cartilage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002418
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: fin
definition: Cartilage associated with the fins of all fin-bearing cephalopods.

Axiom
annotated target: Cartilage associated with the fins of all fin-bearing cephalopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Fin_Cartilage
annotated source: fin cartilage
annotated property: definition

fin length
type: Class
subclass of: fin trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: fin
definition: This measurement varies in different major taxa.

Axiom
annotated target: This measurement varies in different major taxa.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Fin_Length
annotated source: fin length
annotated property: definition

fin lobe
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: fin
definition: The portion of a fin that extends anteriorly from the fin's anterior point of attachment or posteriorly from the fin's posterior point of attachment. This is often called the "free" lobe.

Axiom
annotated target: The portion of a fin that extends anteriorly from the fin's anterior point of attachment or posteriorly from the fin's posterior point of attachment. This is often called the "free" lobe.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Composite_Squid
annotated source: fin lobe
annotated property: definition

fin position
type: Class
subclass of: fin trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: fin
definition: Fins are located anterior to the termination of the muscular mantle (subterminal position) or mostly posterior to it (terminal position) or somewhere inbetween.

Axiom
annotated target: Fins are located anterior to the termination of the muscular mantle (subterminal position) or mostly posterior to it (terminal position) or somewhere inbetween.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Fin_Position
annotated source: fin position
annotated property: definition

fin shape
type: Class
subclass of: fin trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: fin
definition: Fins are classified, somewhat arbitrarily, by their shape as Sagittate, Rhomboid, Circular/Elliptical, Lanceolate, Ear-shaped, Ribbed, Lobate or skirt-like.

Axiom
annotated target: Fins are classified, somewhat arbitrarily, by their shape as Sagittate, Rhomboid, Circular/Elliptical, Lanceolate, Ear-shaped, Ribbed, Lobate or skirt-like.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Decapodiform_Fin_Shapes
annotated source: fin shape
annotated property: definition

fin
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: capable_of
  some values from: locomotion
comment: The pair of muscular "wings" used in swimming and located along the dorsolateral surface of the mantle, usually in its posterior half .
definition: A muscular flap that arises along the lateral or dorsolateral surface of the mantle of some cephalopods. Used for locomotion, steering and stabilization

Axiom
annotated target: The pair of muscular "wings" used in swimming and located along the dorsolateral surface of the mantle, usually in its posterior half .
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: fin
annotated property: comment

foveola
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000158
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel groove
definition: Transverse membranous fold of skin that forms a pocket in the funnel groove of ommastrephid squids.

Axiom
annotated target: Transverse membranous fold of skin that forms a pocket in the funnel groove of ommastrephid squids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: foveola
annotated property: definition

obsolete free fin lobe
type: Class
definition: The portion of a fin that extends anteriorly from the fin's anterior point of attachment or posteriorly from the fin's posterior point of attachment.
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated target: The portion of a fin that extends anteriorly from the fin's anterior point of attachment or posteriorly from the fin's posterior point of attachment.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: obsolete free fin lobe
annotated property: definition

funnel
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000025
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: UBERON_0001630
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: UBERON_0006580
definition: The ventral, muscular tube through which water is expelled from the mantle cavity. The funnel is thought to have evolved from the molluscan foot.
has_exact_synonym: siphon
has_related_synonym: hyponome

Axiom
annotated target: The ventral, muscular tube through which water is expelled from the mantle cavity. The funnel is thought to have evolved from the molluscan foot.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: funnel
annotated property: definition

funnel groove
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel
definition: Depression on the posteroventral surface of the head in which the funnel lies. Most distinct in some squids.

Axiom
annotated target: Depression on the posteroventral surface of the head in which the funnel lies. Most distinct in some squids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: funnel groove
annotated property: definition

funnel-mantle locking-apparatus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002418
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel
definition: The funnel component (generally cartilagenous) of a locking mechanism between the funnel and mantle. This lock, depending on its form, can either limit all movement between the funnel and mantle or allow just anterior-posterior slipping. See Mantle locking-apparatus.
has_exact_synonym: funnel locking apparatus
has_related_synonym: funnel locking-cartilage

Axiom
annotated target: The funnel component (generally cartilagenous) of a locking mechanism between the funnel and mantle. This lock, depending on its form, can either limit all movement between the funnel and mantle or allow just anterior-posterior slipping. See Mantle locking-apparatus.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Funnel_Locking-Apparatus
annotated source: funnel-mantle locking-apparatus
annotated property: definition

funnel organ
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel
definition: The glandular structures on the internal dorsal and ventral surfaces of the funnel.

Axiom
annotated target: The glandular structures on the internal dorsal and ventral surfaces of the funnel.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: funnel organ
annotated property: definition

funnel retractor muscle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001630
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel
definition: Large muscles that attach to the corners of the funnel and run posteriorly to attach to the sides of the shell sac (generally near the base of the gills) or, in a some species, insert on the mantle wall.

Axiom
annotated target: Large muscles that attach to the corners of the funnel and run posteriorly to attach to the sides of the shell sac (generally near the base of the gills) or, in a some species, insert on the mantle wall.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: funnel retractor muscle
annotated property: definition

funnel valve
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: UBERON_0003978
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: part_of
    some values from: funnel
subclass of: UBERON_0003978
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0002204
definition: Semicircular muscular flap extending from and continuous with the posterodorsal funnel wall. The funnel valve apparently acts as a one-way valve to prevent inspiration of water through the funnel when mantle expansion draws in water to pass over the gills for respiration. A funnel valve in absent in octopods and some squids.

Axiom
annotated target: Semicircular muscular flap extending from and continuous with the posterodorsal funnel wall. The funnel valve apparently acts as a one-way valve to prevent inspiration of water through the funnel when mantle expansion draws in water to pass over the gills for respiration. A funnel valve in absent in octopods and some squids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: funnel valve
annotated property: definition

gill
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: Primary organ for the exchange of respiratory gases between blood and sea water.

Axiom
annotated target: Primary organ for the exchange of respiratory gases between blood and sea water.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/articles/
annotated source: gill
annotated property: definition

gill lamella
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gill
definition: A complex gill leaflet that extends perpendicular to the axis of the gill and contains the respiratory epithelium. The lamella contains further subdivisions, the secondary and tertiary lamellae. In octopods the number of lamellae is a taxonomic character.
has_related_synonym: gill lamellae
has_related_synonym: primary lamella

Axiom
annotated target: A complex gill leaflet that extends perpendicular to the axis of the gill and contains the respiratory epithelium. The lamella contains further subdivisions, the secondary and tertiary lamellae. In octopods the number of lamellae is a taxonomic character.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: gill lamella
annotated property: definition

gladius
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: homologous_to
  some values from: UBERON_0006612
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: chitin
definition: The chitinous remnant of the shell in many decapodiforms and Vampyroteuthis. It is generally feather-shaped and lies in the dorsal mid-line of the body along the full length of the mantle. The gladius lies within the shell sac which secretes it.
comment: The gladius, found in many decapodiforms and Vampyroteuthis, is an internal remnant of the originally external shell of cephalopods. Other cephalopods have other types of shell remnants. The gladius lies within a sac, the shell sac, which secretes it and to which various muscles attach. The gladius has a variety of shapes and thicknesses, is composed mostly of chitin and is located in the dorsal midline and generally extends the full length of the mantle. Conus field - The lateral portion of the gladius that is continuous posteriorly with the primary conus or its remnant and laterally with the edges of the vanes. The conus field is differentiated from the vanes by longitudinal lines and marked changes in the orientation of the growth lines. A conus field is generally lacking if the gladius lacks a primary conus.
has_related_synonym: gladii
has_narrow_synonym: internal gladius
has_related_synonym: pen

Axiom
annotated target: The chitinous remnant of the shell in many decapodiforms and Vampyroteuthis. It is generally feather-shaped and lies in the dorsal mid-line of the body along the full length of the mantle. The gladius lies within the shell sac which secretes it.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Gladius_Terminology
annotated source: gladius
annotated property: definition

half-orange gill
type: Class
subclass of: gill
definition: Gills of some cirrate octopods with broad primary lamellae whose arrangement looks similar to half of an orange.

Axiom
annotated target: Gills of some cirrate octopods with broad primary lamellae whose arrangement looks similar to half of an orange.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: half-orange gill
annotated property: definition

hatchling stage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000105
definition: Young cephalopod that has just hatched from the egg.
has_related_synonym: hatchling
comment: todo - stages

Axiom
annotated target: Young cephalopod that has just hatched from the egg.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: hatchling stage
annotated property: definition

head-mantle fusion
type: Class
subclass of: head trait
subclass of: whole organism trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: UBERON_0006575
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: UBERON_0000033
definition: .

Axiom
annotated target: .
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Dorsal_Head-Mantle_Fusion
annotated source: head-mantle fusion
annotated property: definition

hectocotylus
type: Class
subclass of: arm
subclass of: UBERON_0008811
comment: Taxon notes: Among Decapodiformes (ten-limbed cephalopods), generally either one or both of arms IV are hectocotylized; in incirrate octopuses it is one of arm pair III.[1] Many coleoids lack hectocotyli altogether.[1] The shape of the tip of the hectocotylus has been much used in octopod systematics. In many species it is considerably elaborated. However, in the males of some species, such as the Seven-arm Octopus (Haliphron atlanticus), the hectocotylus develops in an inconspicuous sac in front of the right eye that gives the male the appearance of having only seven arms
definition: The modified arm in males used for transferring spermatophores to the female. In incirrates the hectocotylus is one member of arm pair III while in decapodiforms frequently one or both members of arm pair IV are modified. Many species of coleoid cephalopods lack a hectocotylus.
has_exact_synonym: hectoctylized arm

Axiom
obo-source: Wikipedia
annotated source: hectocotylus
annotated target: UBERON_0008811
annotated property: subClassOf

Axiom
annotated target: The modified arm in males used for transferring spermatophores to the female. In incirrates the hectocotylus is one member of arm pair III while in decapodiforms frequently one or both members of arm pair IV are modified. Many species of coleoid cephalopods lack a hectocotylus.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Hectocotylus
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: hectocotylus
annotated property: definition

heterodont radula
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0004289
definition: Radula with more than one cusp on the rhachidian tooth and, usually, the first lateral tooth.

Axiom
annotated target: Radula with more than one cusp on the rhachidian tooth and, usually, the first lateral tooth.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: heterodont radula
annotated property: definition

homodont radula
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0004289
definition: Radula with a single cusp on all teeth.

Axiom
annotated target: Radula with a single cusp on all teeth.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: homodont radula
annotated property: definition

obsolete holotype
type: Class
definition: The single specimen designated to represent a species name. It is an international standard of reference that provides objectivity for the species name.
comment: consider obsoleting
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated target: The single specimen designated to represent a species name. It is an international standard of reference that provides objectivity for the species name.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: obsolete holotype
annotated property: definition

hook
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: circumoral appendage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: chitin
definition: Horny structure that looks like a single claw and is derived from the inner sucker ring in some decapodiforms. Hooks may be found on the arms and/or tentacular clubs of squid. The relative advantage of hooks vs toothed rings is uncertain.
comment: ontogenically derived from suckers on arms and/or clubs of some oegopsids

Axiom
annotated target: Horny structure that looks like a single claw and is derived from the inner sucker ring in some decapodiforms. Hooks may be found on the arms and/or tentacular clubs of squid. The relative advantage of hooks vs toothed rings is uncertain.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Hooks
annotated source: hook
annotated property: definition

horizontal arm septum
type: Class
subclass of: septum
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: arm
definition: Septa, extending the length of the arm (i.e., parallel to the arm axis), that roughly divides the arm into oral and aboral regions. This feature is a characteristic of the arms of cirrate octopods and the incirrate octopods of the family Bolitaenidae. The functional significance is unknown.
comment: todo - mireot

Axiom
annotated target: Septa, extending the length of the arm (i.e., parallel to the arm axis), that roughly divides the arm into oral and aboral regions. This feature is a characteristic of the arms of cirrate octopods and the incirrate octopods of the family Bolitaenidae. The functional significance is unknown.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: horizontal arm septum
annotated property: definition

sucker ring
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounds
  some values from: sucker
comment: Suckers of decapodiforms have two types of hard, horny rings. One, the inner ring, lies around the inner walls of the acetabulum and often bears teeth. The other, the outer ring, is composed of numerous platelets and lies on the surface of the infundibulum.
has_narrow_synonym: horny ring of sucker
definition: A chitinous ring that encircles a sucker. Found in cuttlefishes and squids

Axiom
annotated target: Suckers of decapodiforms have two types of hard, horny rings. One, the inner ring, lies around the inner walls of the acetabulum and often bears teeth. The other, the outer ring, is composed of numerous platelets and lies on the surface of the infundibulum.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: sucker ring
annotated property: comment

inferior frontal lobe system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cephalopod brain
definition: A system of lobes in octopod brains: the paired posterior buccal, lateral inferior frontal and subfrontal lobes, and the single median inferior frontal lobe. They form a functional unit concerned with the chemotactile information from the arms and its use.

Axiom
annotated target: A system of lobes in octopod brains: the paired posterior buccal, lateral inferior frontal and subfrontal lobes, and the single median inferior frontal lobe. They form a functional unit concerned with the chemotactile information from the arms and its use.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: inferior frontal lobe system
annotated property: definition

infundibilum
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: sucker
comment: The siphon of Cephalopoda
definition: Exposed flat outer ring that forms the adhesive surface of the sucker

Axiom
annotated target: The siphon of Cephalopoda
database_cross_reference: http://thinkexist.com/dictionary/meaning/infundibulum/
annotated source: infundibilum
annotated property: comment

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: Exposed flat outer ring that forms the adhesive surface of the sucker
annotated source: infundibilum
annotated property: definition

ink sac
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: UBERON_0002530
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: secretes
    some values from: ink
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: secretes
  some values from: ink
definition: Organ composed of a gland that secretes ink, a sac that stores ink and a duct that connects it to the rectum. The ink sac generally appears black from the outside although it may be covered by silvery tissue in some species.
RO_0002161: NCBITaxon_32577

Axiom
annotated target: Organ composed of a gland that secretes ink, a sac that stores ink and a duct that connects it to the rectum. The ink sac generally appears black from the outside although it may be covered by silvery tissue in some species.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: ink sac
annotated property: definition

jet propulsion
type: Class
subclass of: locomotion
definition: This is the typical method of fast swimming in cephalopods. During jet propulsion, water is taken into the mantle cavity by expansion of the mantle. Water enters laterally at the sides of the head, passes over the collar, over the gills and leaves through the funnel when the mantle contracts. Mantle contraction causes water pressure in the mantle cavity to increase and forces the collar against the mantle wall. The collar, therefore, acts as a one-way valve to prevents water from leaving by the same route that it entered. The ventral wall of the funnel presses against the mantle during mantle contraction and seals that opening as well. Water, therefore, is forced through the funnel and out the funnel orifice. The force provided by the water leaving the funnel can be directed by movements of the funnel. Typically the water leaves the funnel anteriorly causing the cephalopod to jet backward (e.g. when escaping a predator) or the funnel is directed posteriorly causing the water to leave posteriorly and the animal to jet anteriorly (e.g. when pouncing on a prey). Some species are able to glide via this method.

Axiom
annotated target: This is the typical method of fast swimming in cephalopods. During jet propulsion, water is taken into the mantle cavity by expansion of the mantle. Water enters laterally at the sides of the head, passes over the collar, over the gills and leaves through the funnel when the mantle contracts. Mantle contraction causes water pressure in the mantle cavity to increase and forces the collar against the mantle wall. The collar, therefore, acts as a one-way valve to prevents water from leaving by the same route that it entered. The ventral wall of the funnel presses against the mantle during mantle contraction and seals that opening as well. Water, therefore, is forced through the funnel and out the funnel orifice. The force provided by the water leaving the funnel can be directed by movements of the funnel. Typically the water leaves the funnel anteriorly causing the cephalopod to jet backward (e.g. when escaping a predator) or the funnel is directed posteriorly causing the water to leave posteriorly and the animal to jet anteriorly (e.g. when pouncing on a prey). Some species are able to glide via this method.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Ommastrephidae
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Jet_Propulsion
annotated source: jet propulsion
annotated property: definition

keel
type: Class
subclass of: gladius vane
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacular club
definition: A muscular vane that extends dorsally from the aboral surface of the tentacular club of many species.
has_related_synonym: club
has_narrow_synonym: swimming membrane

Axiom
annotated target: A muscular vane that extends dorsally from the aboral surface of the tentacular club of many species.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: keel
annotated property: definition

lateral funnel adductor muscle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000952
definition: Muscles that support the lateral attachment of the funnel to the head.

Axiom
annotated target: Muscles that support the lateral attachment of the funnel to the head.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Lateral_Funnel_Adductor
annotated source: lateral funnel adductor muscle
annotated property: definition

lateral membrane of arm IV
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000158
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: arm IV
definition: The keels of arms IV are offset laterally and often enlarged to fully or partially conceal, protect or encase the adjacent tentacles. The latter function is most fully developed in the chiroteuthids and mastigoteuthids.
has_exact_synonym: tentacular sheath

Axiom
annotated target: The keels of arms IV are offset laterally and often enlarged to fully or partially conceal, protect or encase the adjacent tentacles. The latter function is most fully developed in the chiroteuthids and mastigoteuthids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brachial_and_Buccal_Crowns
annotated source: lateral membrane of arm IV
annotated property: definition

Axiom
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brachial_and_Buccal_Crowns
annotated target: tentacular sheath
annotated source: lateral membrane of arm IV
annotated property: has_exact_synonym

lateral-line analogue
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000467
definition: Sensory structure analogous to the lateral-line of fishes. The lateral-line analogue, which senses vibrations transmitted by the seawater, is located along a series of lines on the dorsal surface of the head with some sensory cells extending onto the bases of the arms.

Axiom
annotated target: Sensory structure analogous to the lateral-line of fishes. The lateral-line analogue, which senses vibrations transmitted by the seawater, is located along a series of lines on the dorsal surface of the head with some sensory cells extending onto the bases of the arms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: lateral-line analogue
annotated property: definition

photophore lens
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: photophore
definition: Structure in a photophore that can focus or disperse bioluminescent light.

Axiom
annotated target: Structure in a photophore that can focus or disperse bioluminescent light.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: photophore lens
annotated property: definition

light guides
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: photophore
definition: Structures in a photophores that direct light via internal reflection.

Axiom
annotated target: Structures in a photophores that direct light via internal reflection.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology
annotated source: light guides
annotated property: definition

ligula
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
subclass of: UBERON_0005156
subclass of: UBERON_0014403
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: end organ
definition: The portion of the sucker-free end-organ of the hectocotylus of many incirrate octopods that is generally elongate and longitudinally grooved. The ligula in octopodids is often spatulate in shape with transverse ridges. Spermatophores transferred along the sperm groove of the hectocotylus presumably enter the ligula which assists in their transfer to the female. Details of the use of the ligula are unknown.

Axiom
annotated target: The portion of the sucker-free end-organ of the hectocotylus of many incirrate octopods that is generally elongate and longitudinally grooved. The ligula in octopodids is often spatulate in shape with transverse ridges. Spermatophores transferred along the sperm groove of the hectocotylus presumably enter the ligula which assists in their transfer to the female. Details of the use of the ligula are unknown.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: ligula
annotated property: definition

lip
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001630
subclass of: UBERON_0004253
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0002199
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounds
  some values from: UBERON_0000166
definition: Two concentric muscular, glandular rings of skin that surround the mouth and beaks.

Axiom
annotated target: Two concentric muscular, glandular rings of skin that surround the mouth and beaks.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: lip
annotated property: definition

living chamber
type: Class
subclass of: shell chamber
definition: Largest and most recently formed chamber of the Nautilus shell (also refers to numerous shells of fossil cephalopods) in which the animal resides.

Axiom
annotated target: Largest and most recently formed chamber of the Nautilus shell (also refers to numerous shells of fossil cephalopods) in which the animal resides.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: living chamber
annotated property: definition

locking-apparatus of tentacular stalk
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: Continuation of the carpal locking apparatus down the oral face of the tentacular stalk.

Axiom
annotated target: Continuation of the carpal locking apparatus down the oral face of the tentacular stalk.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: locking-apparatus of tentacular stalk
annotated property: definition

mantle locking-apparatus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002418
definition: The mantle component (usually fibrous) of the structure that "locks" the mantle to the funnel. This lock, depending on its form, can either restrict all movement between the funnel and mantle or allow just an anterior/posterior slippage.
has_exact_synonym: mantle locking cartilage

Axiom
annotated target: The mantle component (usually fibrous) of the structure that "locks" the mantle to the funnel. This lock, depending on its form, can either restrict all movement between the funnel and mantle or allow just an anterior/posterior slippage.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: mantle locking-apparatus
annotated property: definition

mantle length
type: Class
subclass of: whole organism trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: UBERON_0006575
definition: (ML) - The standard measure of length in coleoid cephalopods. In decapodiforms ML is measured along the dorsal midline from the mantle margin to the posterior tip of the body, excluding long tails. In octopodiforms ML is measured from a line joining the midpoint of the eyes rather than the anterior mantle margin since the latter is obscured by the head/mantle fusion.

Axiom
annotated target: (ML) - The standard measure of length in coleoid cephalopods. In decapodiforms ML is measured along the dorsal midline from the mantle margin to the posterior tip of the body, excluding long tails. In octopodiforms ML is measured from a line joining the midpoint of the eyes rather than the anterior mantle margin since the latter is obscured by the head/mantle fusion.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: mantle length
annotated property: definition

mantle septum
type: Class
subclass of: septum
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006575
definition: A anteroposterior septum that connects the mantle wall with the visceral sac along the midline in the ventral mantle cavity. The ventral mantle artery runs along the anterior end of this septum.
has_exact_synonym: abdominal septum

Axiom
annotated target: A anteroposterior septum that connects the mantle wall with the visceral sac along the midline in the ventral mantle cavity. The ventral mantle artery runs along the anterior end of this septum.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: mantle septum
annotated property: definition

manus of tentacular club
type: Class
subclass of: circumoral appendage segment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacular club
definition: The proximal, broad portion of the tentacular club. In squids the manus is generally equally expanded on both lateral margins and often includes enlarged suckers.
has_broad_synonym: manus

Axiom
annotated target: The proximal, broad portion of the tentacular club. In squids the manus is generally equally expanded on both lateral margins and often includes enlarged suckers.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Tentacle_Terminology
annotated source: manus of tentacular club
annotated property: definition

mature stage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000105
definition: In cephalopods this term refers to sexual maturity which is determined for females by the presence of ova (mature eggs) free in the coelom or oviducts, and for males by the presence of spermatophores in Needham's sac.

Axiom
annotated target: In cephalopods this term refers to sexual maturity which is determined for females by the presence of ova (mature eggs) free in the coelom or oviducts, and for males by the presence of spermatophores in Needham's sac.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: mature stage
annotated property: definition

molluscan foot
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
definition: A major structure in molluscan morphology. In gastropods the foot is the muscular sole that the animal crawls with. In cephalopods the funnel, and possibly the arms and tentacles are derived from the molluscan foot. The evolutionary origin of the latter is still uncertain. They may represent outgrowths of the head (favored by anatomical evidence: nerve connections) or modifications of the molluscan foot that have migrated around the mouth (favored by embryological evidence: migration of arm primordia).
has_broad_synonym: foot

Axiom
annotated target: A major structure in molluscan morphology. In gastropods the foot is the muscular sole that the animal crawls with. In cephalopods the funnel, and possibly the arms and tentacles are derived from the molluscan foot. The evolutionary origin of the latter is still uncertain. They may represent outgrowths of the head (favored by anatomical evidence: nerve connections) or modifications of the molluscan foot that have migrated around the mouth (favored by embryological evidence: migration of arm primordia).
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: molluscan foot
annotated property: definition

neck
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
definition: The region separating the posterior end of the cephalic cartilage and the collar. Only those cephalopods with elongate heads (e.g., chiroteuthids) have distinct necks.

Axiom
annotated target: The region separating the posterior end of the cephalic cartilage and the collar. Only those cephalopods with elongate heads (e.g., chiroteuthids) have distinct necks.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: neck
annotated property: definition

Needham's sac
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: UBERON_0005156
subclass of: UBERON_0014403
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: spermatophore
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0000079
definition: In males, the large storage sac for spermatophores that is an expanded region of the genital duct at the base of the penis.
has_exact_synonym: spermatophoric sac
has_exact_synonym: spermatophore sac

Axiom
annotated target: In males, the large storage sac for spermatophores that is an expanded region of the genital duct at the base of the penis.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: Needham's sac
annotated property: definition

nephridial coelom
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod coelom
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: renal sac
definition: The cavity of the renal sac. It connects with the exterior via the renal pore and with the visceropericardial coelom via a pair of slender ducts from the latter.

Axiom
annotated target: The cavity of the renal sac. It connects with the exterior via the renal pore and with the visceropericardial coelom via a pair of slender ducts from the latter.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: nephridial coelom
annotated property: definition

nidamental gland
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0001025
  some values from: UBERON_0006580
definition: Large glandular structures found in decapodiforms and Nautilus that lie in and open directly into the mantle cavity. The glands are composed of numerous lamellae that are involved in secretion of egg cases or the jelly of egg masses.

Axiom
annotated target: Large glandular structures found in decapodiforms and Nautilus that lie in and open directly into the mantle cavity. The glands are composed of numerous lamellae that are involved in secretion of egg cases or the jelly of egg masses.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: nidamental gland
annotated property: definition

nuchal cartilage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002418
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: nuchal region
comment: See nuchal locking-apparatus.
definition: An oblong cartilaginou plate on the posterodorsal surface of the head of most squids and cuttlefishes that articulates with a complementary structure on the inner surface of the anterodorsal surface of the mantle

Axiom
annotated target: See nuchal locking-apparatus.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: nuchal cartilage
annotated property: comment

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: An oblong cartilaginou plate on the posterodorsal surface of the head of most squids and cuttlefishes that articulates with a complementary structure on the inner surface of the anterodorsal surface of the mantle
annotated source: nuchal cartilage
annotated property: definition

nuchal crest
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: nuchal region
definition: See Occipital crest.

Axiom
annotated target: See Occipital crest.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: nuchal crest
annotated property: definition

nuchal membrane
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: nuchal region
definition: See occipital membrane.

Axiom
annotated target: See occipital membrane.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: nuchal membrane
annotated property: definition

nuchal organ
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: nuchal region
definition: Small sensory organ with photoreceptor-like sensory cells that is located in the nuchal region of, apparently, all coleoid cephalopods.

Axiom
annotated target: Small sensory organ with photoreceptor-like sensory cells that is located in the nuchal region of, apparently, all coleoid cephalopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: nuchal organ
annotated property: definition

nuchal region
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
definition: The posterodorsal region of the head and the area immediately posterior to it.
comment: Normally covered by anterior mantle wall

Axiom
annotated target: The posterodorsal region of the head and the area immediately posterior to it.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: nuchal region
annotated property: definition

occipital crest
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: Prominent transverse ridge in most decapodiforms that extends across the dorsal and along the lateral surfaces of the head at its posterior end.

Axiom
annotated target: Prominent transverse ridge in most decapodiforms that extends across the dorsal and along the lateral surfaces of the head at its posterior end.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Occipital_Region_Terminology
annotated source: occipital crest
annotated property: definition

occipital fold
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0002199
definition: Fixed folds of the head integument that adjoin the nuchal crest posteriorly and are perpendicular to it. The function of the folds is uncertain.

Axiom
annotated target: Fixed folds of the head integument that adjoin the nuchal crest posteriorly and are perpendicular to it. The function of the folds is uncertain.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Occipital_Region_Terminology
annotated source: occipital fold
annotated property: definition

occipital membrane
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000158
definition: A membrane connecting the main occipital folds at their posterior ends.
comment: TODO - mireot membrane

Axiom
annotated target: A membrane connecting the main occipital folds at their posterior ends.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Occipital_Region_Terminology
annotated source: occipital membrane
annotated property: definition

cephalopod olfactory organ
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002268
definition: A chemosensory organ present on the head or neck in all coleoid cephalopods. The olfactory organ is thought to be the homologue of the rhinophore of Nautilus.
has_related_synonym: rhinophore

Axiom
annotated target: A chemosensory organ present on the head or neck in all coleoid cephalopods. The olfactory organ is thought to be the homologue of the rhinophore of Nautilus.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalopod olfactory organ
annotated property: definition

ontogenetic descent
type: Class
subclass of: habitat trait
definition: The progressively descent into a deeper-water habitat as a cephalopod grows older and larger. This distribution pattern is a particularly common in many pelagic cranchiid squids.

Axiom
annotated target: The progressively descent into a deeper-water habitat as a cephalopod grows older and larger. This distribution pattern is a particularly common in many pelagic cranchiid squids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: ontogenetic descent
annotated property: definition

optic lobe of brain
type: Class
subclass of: lobe of nervous system
definition: Large lobes of the brain associated with the eyes. In octopods and some squids the optic lobes may be separated from the rest of the brain by an optic stalk of varying length. In Octopus the optic lobes contain 92 million cells compared with only 42 million in the main central mass of the brain (J. Young, 1963).
comment: editor note: check if this is part of the brain
has_exact_synonym: optic lobe

Axiom
annotated target: Large lobes of the brain associated with the eyes. In octopods and some squids the optic lobes may be separated from the rest of the brain by an optic stalk of varying length. In Octopus the optic lobes contain 92 million cells compared with only 42 million in the main central mass of the brain (J. Young, 1963).
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brain_Terminology
annotated source: optic lobe of brain
annotated property: definition

outer statocyst capsule
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cephalic cartilage
definition: Capsule in octopodiforms that is embedded in the cephalic cartilage and contains the statocyst capsule.

Axiom
annotated target: Capsule in octopodiforms that is embedded in the cephalic cartilage and contains the statocyst capsule.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: outer statocyst capsule
annotated property: definition

oviducal gland
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounds
  some values from: primary oviduct
definition: Gland surrounding the end of the primary oviduct and responsible for secreting some of the external coatings over spawned eggs or, in incirrates, the cement at the base of the chorion stalk . In octopods it also acts as a spermatheca, and is located around the apparent middle of the oviduct. However, the "distal oviduct" is actually an extension of the oviducal gland.

Axiom
annotated target: Gland surrounding the end of the primary oviduct and responsible for secreting some of the external coatings over spawned eggs or, in incirrates, the cement at the base of the chorion stalk . In octopods it also acts as a spermatheca, and is located around the apparent middle of the oviduct. However, the "distal oviduct" is actually an extension of the oviducal gland.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: oviducal gland
annotated property: definition

paralarval stage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000105
definition: First free-living, cephalopod life-history stage that is found in the near-surface plankton and that differs in both morphology and vertical distribution from older juveniles.

Axiom
annotated target: First free-living, cephalopod life-history stage that is found in the near-surface plankton and that differs in both morphology and vertical distribution from older juveniles.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: paralarval stage
annotated property: definition

cephalopod penis
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0008811
definition: The long, muscular end of the male gonoduct that assists in transfering spermatophores to the female. Apparently, in species with a hectocotylus, the penis transfers spermatophores to the hectocotylus which in turn transfers them to the female. In species without a hectocotylus, the penis is often greatly elongate, capable of extending beyond the mantle cavity and can, apparently, transfer spermatophores directly to the female.
has_broad_synonym: terminal organ

Axiom
obo-source: Wikipedia
annotated source: cephalopod penis
annotated target: UBERON_0008811
annotated property: subClassOf

Axiom
annotated target: The long, muscular end of the male gonoduct that assists in transfering spermatophores to the female. Apparently, in species with a hectocotylus, the penis transfers spermatophores to the hectocotylus which in turn transfers them to the female. In species without a hectocotylus, the penis is often greatly elongate, capable of extending beyond the mantle cavity and can, apparently, transfer spermatophores directly to the female.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalopod penis
annotated property: definition

Axiom
source: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated target: terminal organ
annotated source: cephalopod penis
has_synonym_type: term used in octopoda
annotated property: has_broad_synonym

photocyte
type: Class
subclass of: CL_0000000
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: photophore
definition: Cells in photophores that produce bioluminsecence.

Axiom
annotated target: Cells in photophores that produce bioluminsecence.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology
annotated source: photocyte
annotated property: definition

photophore
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: UBERON_0000062
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: capable_of
    some values from: bioluminescence
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
definition: Organ that produces bioluminescence or "living light." Photophores are often complex with various color filters, reflectors, light guides, lenses and chromatophores surrounding the site of light production, the photogenic region. The name of specific photophores often reflects their position on the animal. For example, the branchial photophore is at the base of the gill, the anal photophore lies at the side of the anus.
has_exact_synonym: light organ

Axiom
annotated target: Organ that produces bioluminescence or "living light." Photophores are often complex with various color filters, reflectors, light guides, lenses and chromatophores surrounding the site of light production, the photogenic region. The name of specific photophores often reflects their position on the animal. For example, the branchial photophore is at the base of the gill, the anal photophore lies at the side of the anus.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology
annotated source: photophore
annotated property: definition

photophore location
type: Class
subclass of: integument trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: photophore
definition: Photophores are found in nearly any location in some squid. However, certain locations are the most common.

Axiom
annotated target: Photophores are found in nearly any location in some squid. However, certain locations are the most common.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Locations
annotated source: photophore location
annotated property: definition

photosensitive vesicle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: capable_of
  some values from: GO_0009584
definition: Non-image forming light-receptive organs located inside the cephalic cartilage in squid and on the stellate ganglion in octopods. They perform a variety of function.

Axiom
annotated target: Non-image forming light-receptive organs located inside the cephalic cartilage in squid and on the stellate ganglion in octopods. They perform a variety of function.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: photosensitive vesicle
annotated property: definition

posterior buccal lobe
type: Class
subclass of: buccal lobe
definition: A fused pair of lobes that are the anterior-most lobes of the supraesophageal mass of the brain of decapodiforms but is incorporated into the anterior portion of the supraesophageal mass behind the superior buccal lobes in most octopodiforms.
has_exact_synonym: inferior frontal lobe

Axiom
annotated target: A fused pair of lobes that are the anterior-most lobes of the supraesophageal mass of the brain of decapodiforms but is incorporated into the anterior portion of the supraesophageal mass behind the superior buccal lobes in most octopodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: posterior buccal lobe
annotated property: definition

Axiom
annotated target: inferior frontal lobe
annotated source: posterior buccal lobe
has_synonym_type: term used in squid
annotated property: has_exact_synonym

posterior lip gland
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: surrounds
  some values from: buccal mass
definition: Large glands surrounding the buccal mass just posterior to the lips. They are especially well-developed in stauroteuthid cirrates.

Axiom
annotated target: Large glands surrounding the buccal mass just posterior to the lips. They are especially well-developed in stauroteuthid cirrates.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: posterior lip gland
annotated property: definition

posterior salivary gland
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001044
definition: Glands generally located just posterior to the head whose secretion travels via a duct into the buccal mass.

Axiom
annotated target: Glands generally located just posterior to the head whose secretion travels via a duct into the buccal mass.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: posterior salivary gland
annotated property: definition

primary conus
type: Class
subclass of: conus

protective membrane
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000158
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacular club
comment: Membranes, generally supported by trabeculae, that form lateral borders along the oral surfaces of the arms and tentacular clubs in decapodiforms.
definition: A thin fold of integument along lateral angles of oral surface of arms and clubs lateral to suckers usually supported by trabeculae

Axiom
annotated target: Membranes, generally supported by trabeculae, that form lateral borders along the oral surfaces of the arms and tentacular clubs in decapodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: protective membrane
annotated property: comment

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: A thin fold of integument along lateral angles of oral surface of arms and clubs lateral to suckers usually supported by trabeculae
annotated source: protective membrane
annotated property: definition

proximal and distal fields
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
definition: Some male opisthoteuthid cirrates have enlarged suckers located proximally on the arms (proximal fields) and/or distally on the arms (distal fields).

Axiom
annotated target: Some male opisthoteuthid cirrates have enlarged suckers located proximally on the arms (proximal fields) and/or distally on the arms (distal fields).
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: proximal and distal fields
annotated property: definition

pseudomorph
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000463
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: ink
definition: A mass of ink and mucous that roughly has the dimensions of the cephalopod that secreted it.

Axiom
annotated target: A mass of ink and mucous that roughly has the dimensions of the cephalopod that secreted it.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Pseudomorph_Function
annotated source: pseudomorph
annotated property: definition

obsolete recent
type: Class
definition: Refers to an organism that is living or has lived within the past 10,000 years or to object formed or events within the past 10,000 years.
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated target: Refers to an organism that is living or has lived within the past 10,000 years or to object formed or events within the past 10,000 years.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Geological_Timescale
annotated source: obsolete recent
annotated property: definition

photophore reflector
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: photophore
definition: Structures in a photophore that reflects bioluminscence.

Axiom
annotated target: Structures in a photophore that reflects bioluminscence.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology
annotated source: photophore reflector
annotated property: definition

cephalopod radula
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0004289
subclass of: UBERON_0013765
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: buccal mass
definition: A toothed ribbon that lies in the buccal mass and that aids in movement of food into the esophagus.

Axiom
annotated target: A toothed ribbon that lies in the buccal mass and that aids in movement of food into the esophagus.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Radula
annotated source: cephalopod radula
annotated property: definition

renal appendage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: renal sac
definition: Structures that form the nephridium (=kidney). The renal appendages are outpocketings of the veins within the renal sac (primarily the venae cavae) that are covered with renal epithelium. The The renal sac communicates with the mantle cavity via the nephridial pore.
has_related_synonym: kidney
has_related_synonym: nephridium

Axiom
annotated target: Structures that form the nephridium (=kidney). The renal appendages are outpocketings of the veins within the renal sac (primarily the venae cavae) that are covered with renal epithelium. The The renal sac communicates with the mantle cavity via the nephridial pore.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: renal appendage
annotated property: definition

rachis
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gladius
definition: Central axis of the gladius, often thickened, that typically extends the full length of the gladius and sometimes called the median field.
has_related_synonym: median field
has_exact_synonym: rhachis

Axiom
annotated target: Central axis of the gladius, often thickened, that typically extends the full length of the gladius and sometimes called the median field.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Gladius_Terminology
annotated source: rachis
annotated property: definition

rostrum
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gladius
definition: Portion of the gladius that extends posteriorly or posterodorsally from the conus. A distnct rostrum is found only in the Onychoteuthidae, Ancistrocheiridae, Lampadioteuthinae and Vampyroteuthidae.
has_related_synonym: gladius

Axiom
annotated target: Portion of the gladius that extends posteriorly or posterodorsally from the conus. A distnct rostrum is found only in the Onychoteuthidae, Ancistrocheiridae, Lampadioteuthinae and Vampyroteuthidae.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: rostrum
annotated property: definition

saddle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006612
definition: The region of the shell of cirrates connecting the lateral wings.

Axiom
annotated target: The region of the shell of cirrates connecting the lateral wings.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: saddle
annotated property: definition

saddle-shaped
type: Class
subclass of: shell trait
subclass of: whole organism trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: saddle
definition: The shape of the shell with an elongate central region (saddle proper) and broad wings found in cirroteuthid cirrates.

Axiom
annotated target: The shape of the shell with an elongate central region (saddle proper) and broad wings found in cirroteuthid cirrates.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: saddle-shaped
annotated property: definition

sagittate fin
type: Class
subclass of: fin
definition: The most common fin-shape in squids with anterior free fin-lobes, a relatively sharp lateral angle and posterior elongation. See fin shapes.

Axiom
annotated target: The most common fin-shape in squids with anterior free fin-lobes, a relatively sharp lateral angle and posterior elongation. See fin shapes.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: sagittate fin
annotated property: definition

scales and tubercule
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
definition: The skin of the mantle contains scales, tubercules and warts in various species.
comment: todo - split

Axiom
annotated target: The skin of the mantle contains scales, tubercules and warts in various species.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Mantle_Armature
annotated source: scales and tubercule
annotated property: definition

secondary conus
type: Class
subclass of: conus
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gladius
definition: A conical region at the posterior end of the gladius that is formed by an inrolling and fusion of the vanes. The ventral line of fusion is usually apparent. The secondary conus may be rather short or over half the gladius length.

Axiom
annotated target: A conical region at the posterior end of the gladius that is formed by an inrolling and fusion of the vanes. The ventral line of fusion is usually apparent. The secondary conus may be rather short or over half the gladius length.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Gladius_Terminology
annotated source: secondary conus
annotated property: definition

secondary eyelid
type: Class
subclass of: eyelid
definition: An eyelid that covers the ventral part of the cornea.
has_related_synonym: secondary fold

Axiom
annotated target: An eyelid that covers the ventral part of the cornea.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Secondary_Eyelid
annotated source: secondary eyelid
annotated property: definition

secondary fin
type: Class
subclass of: fin
definition: A non-muscular fin-shaped structure found in some chiroteuthids, located posterior to the true or primary fin. The secondary fin may act as a buoyancy organ.

Axiom
annotated target: A non-muscular fin-shaped structure found in some chiroteuthids, located posterior to the true or primary fin. The secondary fin may act as a buoyancy organ.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: secondary fin
annotated property: definition

secondary web
type: Class
subclass of: web
definition: Web that extends from each arm to the primary web in some incirrate octopods. Separation of the arm from the primary web seems to be associated with feeding and/or defense (bell and baloon balloon postures) but the function is not well understood.

Axiom
annotated target: Web that extends from each arm to the primary web in some incirrate octopods. Separation of the arm from the primary web seems to be associated with feeding and/or defense (bell and baloon balloon postures) but the function is not well understood.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Primary_and_Secondary_Webs
annotated source: secondary web
annotated property: definition

semelparous
type: Class
subclass of: reproductive trait
definition: A reproductive strategy in which females spawn once then die. Sometimes called terminal or "big-bang" spawners. Many cephalopods are semelparous but many are not.

Axiom
annotated target: A reproductive strategy in which females spawn once then die. Sometimes called terminal or "big-bang" spawners. Many cephalopods are semelparous but many are not.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: semelparous
annotated property: definition

semicrescent plate
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: inner sucker ring
definition: (arm suckers) - A semicrescent plate on the proximal margin of the inner sucker arm rings of the loliginid squid Uroteuthis.

Axiom
annotated target: (arm suckers) - A semicrescent plate on the proximal margin of the inner sucker arm rings of the loliginid squid Uroteuthis.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: semicrescent plate
annotated property: definition

sepioid gill
type: Class
subclass of: gill
definition: Gills of some cirrate octopods that look superficially like gills of sepioids.

Axiom
annotated target: Gills of some cirrate octopods that look superficially like gills of sepioids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: sepioid gill
annotated property: definition

shell sac
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: secretes
  some values from: UBERON_0006612
definition: The sac that secretes the shell in the Coleoidea. The sac is composed of ectodermal epithelium that invaginates during embryonic development to form an internal sac.

Axiom
annotated target: The sac that secretes the shell in the Coleoidea. The sac is composed of ectodermal epithelium that invaginates during embryonic development to form an internal sac.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: shell sac
annotated property: definition

side pocket
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel groove
definition: Pockets formed by small membranous folds of integument lateral to the foveola in the funnel groove in ommastrephid and thysanoteuthid squids.

Axiom
annotated target: Pockets formed by small membranous folds of integument lateral to the foveola in the funnel groove in ommastrephid and thysanoteuthid squids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: side pocket
annotated property: definition

siphuncle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000025
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: phragmacone
definition: The tube-like extension of the body wall, coelom and an external covering tube that penetrates the phragmocone and regulates gas exchange into the phragmocone chambers.

Axiom
annotated target: The tube-like extension of the body wall, coelom and an external covering tube that penetrates the phragmocone and regulates gas exchange into the phragmocone chambers.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: siphuncle
annotated property: definition

sperm mass
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: spermatophore
definition: The coiled rope of sperm that lies within the spermatophore or spermatangia.
has_related_synonym: rope of sperm
comment: todo

Axiom
annotated target: The coiled rope of sperm that lies within the spermatophore or spermatangia.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Spermatophore_Terminology
annotated source: sperm mass
annotated property: definition

spermatangia
type: Class
subclass of: spermatophore
definition: Discharged spermatophore which consists of the sperm mass surrounded by a membrane (the inner tunic) with the cement gland at one end.

Axiom
annotated target: Discharged spermatophore which consists of the sperm mass surrounded by a membrane (the inner tunic) with the cement gland at one end.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Spermatophore_Terminology
annotated source: spermatangia
annotated property: definition

cephalopod spermathecum
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000994
subclass of: UBERON_0014404
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0000474
definition: Specialized sperm-storage structures found in the skin of some female decapodiforms or as pockets of the oviducal gland in octopods.

Axiom
annotated target: Specialized sperm-storage structures found in the skin of some female decapodiforms or as pockets of the oviducal gland in octopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalopod spermathecum
annotated property: definition

spermatophore
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
definition: A packet of sperm that is formed by the male and passed to the female during mating. In most coleoids, this packet is very complex and contains a "rope" of sperm (= sperm mass), an ejaculatory apparatus and a cement body. Except for the sperm, the entire structure is non-cellular and consists of a complex architecture of secreted material.
comment: todo - create subclass for undischarged form

Axiom
annotated target: A packet of sperm that is formed by the male and passed to the female during mating. In most coleoids, this packet is very complex and contains a "rope" of sperm (= sperm mass), an ejaculatory apparatus and a cement body. Except for the sperm, the entire structure is non-cellular and consists of a complex architecture of secreted material.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Spermatophore_Terminology
annotated source: spermatophore
annotated property: definition

stalk of tentacle
type: Class
subclass of: circumoral appendage segment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: proximal_to
  some values from: tentacular club
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacle
definition: Region of the tentacle proximal to the club.

Axiom
annotated target: Region of the tentacle proximal to the club.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Tentacle_Terminology
annotated source: stalk of tentacle
annotated property: definition

stalked eye
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000970

cephalopod statocyst
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0006583
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: outer statocyst capsule
definition: A sense-organ that detects gravity, angular accelerations and low-frequency sound. The statocyst is embedded within the cephalic cartlage and contains the statolith.

Axiom
annotated target: A sense-organ that detects gravity, angular accelerations and low-frequency sound. The statocyst is embedded within the cephalic cartlage and contains the statolith.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalopod statocyst
annotated property: definition

stellate ganglion
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000045
definition: Major ganglion of the peripherial nervous system of neocoleoid cephalopods that controls nerves to the mantle muscles.

Axiom
annotated target: Major ganglion of the peripherial nervous system of neocoleoid cephalopods that controls nerves to the mantle muscles.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: stellate ganglion
annotated property: definition

cephalopod stomach
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000945
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001007
definition: A muscular organ of the digestive system where primary digestion occurs. The stomach is generally lined with cuticular ridges to aid in grinding food, and is supplied with digestive enzymes from the digestive gland. The stomach may be greatly expandable in size and serve as a storage area until food can be fully processed.

Axiom
annotated target: A muscular organ of the digestive system where primary digestion occurs. The stomach is generally lined with cuticular ridges to aid in grinding food, and is supplied with digestive enzymes from the digestive gland. The stomach may be greatly expandable in size and serve as a storage area until food can be fully processed.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Digestive_System
annotated source: cephalopod stomach
annotated property: definition

stylet
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
definition: Remnant of the molluscan shell in incirrate octopods. It is generally a slender, pointed rod tightly surrounded by the shell sac and buried in the mantle muscle on either side of the mantle.

Axiom
annotated target: Remnant of the molluscan shell in incirrate octopods. It is generally a slender, pointed rod tightly surrounded by the shell sac and buried in the mantle muscle on either side of the mantle.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: stylet
annotated property: definition

subadult stage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000105
definition: Stage at which all of the characters that typically define the species are present. The subadult stage follows the Juvenile Stage and precedes the Adult Stage. A subadult stage is defined in cephalopods since the adult phase is frequently abbreviated.

Axiom
annotated target: Stage at which all of the characters that typically define the species are present. The subadult stage follows the Juvenile Stage and precedes the Adult Stage. A subadult stage is defined in cephalopods since the adult phase is frequently abbreviated.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: subadult stage
annotated property: definition

sucker
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: collection of suckers
definition: Muscular suction-cup on the arms and tentacles and occasionally on the buccal supports. The sucker consists of a cup-shaped portion, the acetabulum, and a flat, distal ring, the infundibulum, that contacts the substrate. Suckers of decapodiforms contain horny rings that often bear teeth or sometimes form hooks.

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular suction-cup on the arms and tentacles and occasionally on the buccal supports. The sucker consists of a cup-shaped portion, the acetabulum, and a flat, distal ring, the infundibulum, that contacts the substrate. Suckers of decapodiforms contain horny rings that often bear teeth or sometimes form hooks.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: sucker
annotated property: definition

sucker series
type: Class
subclass of: collection of suckers
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: circumoral appendage
definition: The longitudinal rows of suckers on the arms or tentacles of decapodiforms. Series (= longitudinal rows) contrasts with rows (= transverse rows) in describing sucker arrangement. In octopodiforms, sucker "series" is generally synonymous with "rows", the "longitudinal" component of the term is implied. Suckers can form distinct, regular series or indistinct, irregular series.

Axiom
annotated target: The longitudinal rows of suckers on the arms or tentacles of decapodiforms. Series (= longitudinal rows) contrasts with rows (= transverse rows) in describing sucker arrangement. In octopodiforms, sucker "series" is generally synonymous with "rows", the "longitudinal" component of the term is implied. Suckers can form distinct, regular series or indistinct, irregular series.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: sucker series
annotated property: definition

sucker stalk
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: sucker
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: circumoral appendage
definition: The structure between the sucker and the arm. In octopods it is a cyclindrical structure about the same width as the sucker and in decapodiforms it is constricted into a conical pillar.
has_related_synonym: pedicel

Axiom
annotated target: The structure between the sucker and the arm. In octopods it is a cyclindrical structure about the same width as the sucker and in decapodiforms it is constricted into a conical pillar.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: sucker stalk
annotated property: definition

sucker teeth
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: sucker
definition: Teeth on the inner horny sucker rings of some decapodiforms.

Axiom
annotated target: Teeth on the inner horny sucker rings of some decapodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: sucker teeth
annotated property: definition

superior buccal lobes
type: Class
subclass of: buccal lobe
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: UBERON_0001043
definition: Lobes of the central nervous system that sit atop the esophagus where the latter enters the buccal mass in decapodiforms but are the anterior-most lobes of the supraesophageal mass of the brain of octopodiforms.

Axiom
annotated target: Lobes of the central nervous system that sit atop the esophagus where the latter enters the buccal mass in decapodiforms but are the anterior-most lobes of the supraesophageal mass of the brain of octopodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Brain_Terminology
annotated source: superior buccal lobes
annotated property: definition

superocular cirri
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0005090
definition: Muscular structures that can be raised or lowered above the eyes of octopodids but are apparent even when lowered.

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular structures that can be raised or lowered above the eyes of octopodids but are apparent even when lowered.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: superocular cirri
annotated property: definition

suprabrachial commissure
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: dorsal_to
  some values from: UBERON_0001043
definition: Nerve commissure that passes dorsal to the esophagus in most octopodiforms and connects the right and left anterior subesophageal masses of the brain.
comment: todo - mireot

Axiom
annotated target: Nerve commissure that passes dorsal to the esophagus in most octopodiforms and connects the right and left anterior subesophageal masses of the brain.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: suprabrachial commissure
annotated property: definition

cephalopod swimbladder
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: Gas-filled structure found in the dorsal region of the pelagic octopods, Ocythoe, Tremoctopus and Haliphron.
has_broad_synonym: gas bladder
has_broad_synonym: swim bladder

Axiom
annotated target: Gas-filled structure found in the dorsal region of the pelagic octopods, Ocythoe, Tremoctopus and Haliphron.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalopod swimbladder
annotated property: definition

tentacle
type: Class
subclass of: circumoral appendage
comment: Modified 4th pair of appendages in decapodiforms that are capable of considerable extension and contraction. Although the tentacles are derived evolutionarily from the 4th pair of arms, the term, "arms IV"; is reserved for the subsequent arm pair, the ventral arms, which are evolutionarily the 5th pair of arms. Each tentacle consist of a proximal stalk usually devoid of suckers, and a distal club armed with suckers and occasionally hooks.
has_related_synonym: arm
has_related_synonym: limb
definition: Elongate 4th circumoral appendage of cuttlefish and squids used to capture prey. Divided into proximal stalk and distal club.

Axiom
annotated target: Modified 4th pair of appendages in decapodiforms that are capable of considerable extension and contraction. Although the tentacles are derived evolutionarily from the 4th pair of arms, the term, "arms IV"; is reserved for the subsequent arm pair, the ventral arms, which are evolutionarily the 5th pair of arms. Each tentacle consist of a proximal stalk usually devoid of suckers, and a distal club armed with suckers and occasionally hooks.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Cephalopod_limb
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Composite_Squid
annotated source: tentacle
annotated property: comment

Axiom
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Cephalopod_limb
annotated target: limb
annotated source: tentacle
annotated property: has_related_synonym

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: Elongate 4th circumoral appendage of cuttlefish and squids used to capture prey. Divided into proximal stalk and distal club.
annotated source: tentacle
annotated property: definition

Axiom
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Cephalopod_limb
annotated target: arm
annotated source: tentacle
annotated property: has_related_synonym

tentacle absence
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacle
definition: Tentacles can be absent because the species lacks tentacles, they are accidentally lost during capture, or they are naturally lost at sexual maturity.

Axiom
annotated target: Tentacles can be absent because the species lacks tentacles, they are accidentally lost during capture, or they are naturally lost at sexual maturity.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Tentacle_Absence_in_Cephalopods
annotated source: tentacle absence
annotated property: definition

tentacle pad
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacle
definition: Poorly understood and complex pad-like photophores that are found on the tentacular stalks of some chiroteuthidids.

Axiom
annotated target: Poorly understood and complex pad-like photophores that are found on the tentacular stalks of some chiroteuthidids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: tentacle pad
annotated property: definition

tentacle pocket
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacle
definition: A pocket that surrounds the base of each tentacle and provides some room for tentacle retraction or contraction.
has_exact_synonym: tentacular pocket

Axiom
annotated target: A pocket that surrounds the base of each tentacle and provides some room for tentacle retraction or contraction.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: tentacle pocket
annotated property: definition

tentacle thickness
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod trait
subclass of: appendage trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: tentacle
definition: .

Axiom
annotated target: .
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Tentacle_Thickness
annotated source: tentacle thickness
annotated property: definition

terminal fin
type: Class
subclass of: fin
definition: Fins that extend to the posterior end of the body.

Axiom
annotated target: Fins that extend to the posterior end of the body.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: terminal fin
annotated property: definition

terminal pad
type: Class
subclass of: tentacle pad
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacle
definition: A circlet or disc of small suckers at the tip of the tentacular club. The pad of one club can adhere to the pad of the other club which holds the clubs together at their tips.
has_exact_synonym: terminal pad of tentacular club

Axiom
annotated target: A circlet or disc of small suckers at the tip of the tentacular club. The pad of one club can adhere to the pad of the other club which holds the clubs together at their tips.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: terminal pad
annotated property: definition

trabecula
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0005090
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: circumoral appendage
definition: Muscular cones or flaps that support the protective membranes on the arms and tentacular clubs in decapodiforms. These are thought to be homologous with the cirri of the octopodiformes.
has_related_synonym: trabeculae

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular cones or flaps that support the protective membranes on the arms and tentacular clubs in decapodiforms. These are thought to be homologous with the cirri of the octopodiformes.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: trabecula
annotated property: definition

tragus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002418
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel-mantle locking-apparatus
definition: Particular inward projecting knob in the funnel locking-apparatus of some squids. It is the knob found on the medial surface of the central depression.

Axiom
annotated target: Particular inward projecting knob in the funnel locking-apparatus of some squids. It is the knob found on the medial surface of the central depression.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: tragus
annotated property: definition

truncate tooth
type: Class
subclass of: tooth of sucker ring
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: inner sucker ring
definition: Teeth on the inner horny of rings of decapodiform suckers that do not terminate in a point but rather a broad, flat tip.
has_related_synonym: truncate teeth

Axiom
annotated target: Teeth on the inner horny of rings of decapodiform suckers that do not terminate in a point but rather a broad, flat tip.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: truncate tooth
annotated property: definition

cephalopod tubercule
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0005813
definition: Structures with one or more cusps just beneath the surface epithelium. Tubercules may be cartilagenous, fibrous or of other structure and may be confined to the integument or extend deeper.

Axiom
annotated target: Structures with one or more cusps just beneath the surface epithelium. Tubercules may be cartilagenous, fibrous or of other structure and may be confined to the integument or extend deeper.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: cephalopod tubercule
annotated property: definition

gladius vane
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gladius
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: adjacent to
  some values from: rachis
definition: Broad, lateral portions of the gladius that arise from the rhachis.
has_exact_synonym: lateral field
has_exact_synonym: wing
has_exact_synonym: vane

Axiom
annotated target: Broad, lateral portions of the gladius that arise from the rhachis.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: gladius vane
annotated property: definition

ventral eyelid
type: Class
subclass of: eyelid
definition: An eyelid that can cover much of the cornea from a ventral position in many sepioids.

Axiom
annotated target: An eyelid that can cover much of the cornea from a ventral position in many sepioids.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: ventral eyelid
annotated property: definition

ventral shield
type: Class
subclass of: shield
definition: The optically modified ventral mantle of heteroteuthins that usually projects anteriorly beneath the head.

Axiom
annotated target: The optically modified ventral mantle of heteroteuthins that usually projects anteriorly beneath the head.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: ventral shield
annotated property: definition

vesicular tissue
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000479
definition: Tissues found in some decapodiforms that contain numberous vesicles filled with water that usually contains ammonium chloride. The vesicles may be concentrated in certain structures (e.g., the ventral arms) or scattered throughout the animal. The light solution in the vesicles provide buoyant lift.

Axiom
annotated target: Tissues found in some decapodiforms that contain numberous vesicles filled with water that usually contains ammonium chloride. The vesicles may be concentrated in certain structures (e.g., the ventral arms) or scattered throughout the animal. The light solution in the vesicles provide buoyant lift.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: vesicular tissue
annotated property: definition

visceral nucleus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: adjacent to
  some values from: caecum
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001007
definition: A concentration of digestive organs that sometimes includes reproductive organs as well. In cranchiid squids the visceral nucleus is especially distinct: the small, spindle-shaped digestive gland contains the ink sac and is adjacent to the stomach and caecum and associated structures (eg, digestive gland duct appendages, renal appendages). In most cephalopods the concentration of these structures is not so extensive but whenever a concentration exists, a visceral nucleus is present.
database_cross_reference: BTO:0001448
has_exact_synonym: visceral hump

Axiom
annotated target: A concentration of digestive organs that sometimes includes reproductive organs as well. In cranchiid squids the visceral nucleus is especially distinct: the small, spindle-shaped digestive gland contains the ink sac and is adjacent to the stomach and caecum and associated structures (eg, digestive gland duct appendages, renal appendages). In most cephalopods the concentration of these structures is not so extensive but whenever a concentration exists, a visceral nucleus is present.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: visceral nucleus
annotated property: definition

Axiom
database_cross_reference: BTO:0001448
annotated target: visceral hump
annotated source: visceral nucleus
annotated property: has_exact_synonym

visceral sac
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: The body posterior to the head surrounded by the mantle. The body wall in this region that incases the viscera is usually rather thin-walled, hence the name "visceral sac." The visceral sac is also called the "visceral dome."
has_exact_synonym: visceral dome

Axiom
annotated target: The body posterior to the head surrounded by the mantle. The body wall in this region that incases the viscera is usually rather thin-walled, hence the name "visceral sac." The visceral sac is also called the "visceral dome."
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: visceral sac
annotated property: definition

visceropericardial coelom
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod coelom
definition: The largest coelom in cephalopods except in the Octopoda where it is greatly reduced. Geneally it encloses the gonad, and partially the stomach, caecum and ventricle among other structures. Eggs and sperm are released into the coelom and picked up by the gonoducts. The visceropercardial coelom also communicates with the other cephalopod coelom, the nephridial coelom, and the mantle cavity via a pair of ducts that open at the base of the nephridial papillae.

Axiom
annotated target: The largest coelom in cephalopods except in the Octopoda where it is greatly reduced. Geneally it encloses the gonad, and partially the stomach, caecum and ventricle among other structures. Eggs and sperm are released into the coelom and picked up by the gonoducts. The visceropercardial coelom also communicates with the other cephalopod coelom, the nephridial coelom, and the mantle cavity via a pair of ducts that open at the base of the nephridial papillae.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: visceropericardial coelom
annotated property: definition

water pore
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000161
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: web
definition: One or two pairs of pores in the integument of the head that communicate with extensive spaces at the bases of arms on some pelagic argonautoid octopods.

Axiom
annotated target: One or two pairs of pores in the integument of the head that communicate with extensive spaces at the bases of arms on some pelagic argonautoid octopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: water pore
annotated property: definition

web
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000158
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002371
  some values from: arm
definition: Muscular membrane that extends between the arms of many octopodiforms but is reduced or absent in most decapodiforms.

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular membrane that extends between the arms of many octopodiforms but is reduced or absent in most decapodiforms.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: web
annotated property: definition

web nodule
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: web
definition: Muscular rods embedded in the web of some cirrate octopods.

Axiom
annotated target: Muscular rods embedded in the web of some cirrate octopods.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: web nodule
annotated property: definition

white body
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
definition: Amorphous organ near the optic lobes that forms white blood cells.
comment: TODO: immune system

Axiom
annotated target: Amorphous organ near the optic lobes that forms white blood cells.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: white body
annotated property: definition

wing
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006612
definition: (shell) - Lateral limbs of the shell of cirrate octopods

Axiom
annotated target: (shell) - Lateral limbs of the shell of cirrate octopods
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: wing
annotated property: definition

leucophore
type: Class
subclass of: CL_0000000
definition: Reflective cells in the skin of some cephalopods containing numerous refractive granules on stalks that together produce a scattered reflection of ambient light.
comment: TODO: cells

Axiom
annotated target: Reflective cells in the skin of some cephalopods containing numerous refractive granules on stalks that together produce a scattered reflection of ambient light.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/notes/
annotated source: leucophore
annotated property: definition

ink
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000463

primary oviduct
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000993
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: visceropericardial coelom
definition: Female gonoduct. The oviduct conducts eggs from the visceropericardial coelom, that holds the ovary, to the exterior and is often used to store eggs. In some argonautoid octopods eggs are fertilized and undergo either partial (Argonauta ) or complete (Ocythoe) embryonic development within the oviduct.

Axiom
annotated target: Female gonoduct. The oviduct conducts eggs from the visceropericardial coelom, that holds the ovary, to the exterior and is often used to store eggs. In some argonautoid octopods eggs are fertilized and undergo either partial (Argonauta ) or complete (Ocythoe) embryonic development within the oviduct.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: primary oviduct
annotated property: definition

cephalopod ovary
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000992
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: visceropericardial coelom

photosensitive vesicle of cephalic cartilage
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: photosensitive vesicle
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: part_of
    some values from: cephalic cartilage
subclass of: photosensitive vesicle
comment: squid

photosensitive vesicle of stellate ganglion
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: photosensitive vesicle
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: part_of
    some values from: stellate ganglion
subclass of: photosensitive vesicle
comment: octopod

obsolete brachial photophore
type: Class
deprecated: true

tentacular club
type: Class
subclass of: circumoral appendage segment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: tentacle
definition: Terminal, usually expanded, grasping portion of tentacle that is armed with suckers or, in some groups, with suckers and hooks.

Axiom
obo-source: Terminal, usually expanded, grasping portion of tentacle that is armed with suckers or, in some groups, with suckers and hooks.
annotated target: Terminal, usually expanded, grasping portion of tentacle that is armed with suckers or, in some groups, with suckers and hooks.
annotated source: tentacular club
annotated property: definition

optic nerve bundle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: UBERON_0000970
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: optic lobe of brain
definition: Large nerve bundles that run from the optic lobe to the eye.
has_related_synonym: optic stalk
comment: todo - mireot

Axiom
annotated target: Large nerve bundles that run from the optic lobe to the eye.
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary
annotated source: optic nerve bundle
annotated property: definition

lobe of brain
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cephalopod brain

lobe of nervous system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0001016

buccal lobe
type: Class
subclass of: lobe of brain
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: supraesophageal mass of brain

subesophageal mass of brain
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cephalopod brain

middle subesophageal mass of brain
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: subesophageal mass of brain

posterior subesophageal mass of brain
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: subesophageal mass of brain

supraesophageal mass of brain
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cephalopod brain

cephalopod trait
type: Class
creation date: 2011-01-30T08:15:10Z
created by: cjm

basal lobe of brain
type: Class
subclass of: lobe of brain
definition: Higher motor centers, located (for example) in the basal lobe (b.l.) control complex behaviors that involve the animal's whole body.

superior frontal lobe system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cephalopod brain

vertical frontal lobe system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: UBERON_0004121
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cephalopod brain
has_broad_synonym: VL
has_exact_synonym: vertical lobe

anal photophore
type: Class
subclass of: photophore
definition: photophore at side of anus

Axiom
database_cross_reference: http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopod_Photophore_Terminology
annotated target: photophore at side of anus
annotated source: anal photophore
annotated property: definition

collection of suckers
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: sucker
disjoint union of: sucker series
disjoint union of: transverse row of suckers

transverse row of suckers
type: Class
subclass of: collection of suckers

circumoral appendage segment
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: circumoral appendage
comment: TODO - mireot from uberon

circumoral appendage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000026
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: develops from
  some values from: circumoral appendage bud
has_related_synonym: arm crown
has_related_synonym: head appendage
definition: Any of the numerous arms or tentacles that arise from the head and surround the mouth of a cephalopod

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: Any of the numerous arms or tentacles that arise from the head and surround the mouth of a cephalopod
annotated source: circumoral appendage
annotated property: definition

cephalopod size
type: Class
subclass of: whole organism trait

buccal membrane support
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0001630
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: buccal crown
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: continuous_with
  some values from: buccal membrane
has_related_synonym: buccal support
definition: longitudinal muscular rod fused with buccal membrane

bullet-shaped mantle
type: Class
subclass of: whole organism trait
definition: posteriorly blunt rather than broad body (mantle) common in larval cephalopods

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: posteriorly blunt rather than broad body (mantle) common in larval cephalopods
annotated source: bullet-shaped mantle
annotated property: definition

extrategumental chromatophore
type: Class
subclass of: chromatophore
definition: A larval chromatophore located deep beneather the integument

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: A larval chromatophore located deep beneather the integument
annotated source: extrategumental chromatophore
annotated property: definition

chromatophore field
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000477
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: chromatophore
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0000468
definition: Collection of chromatophores that produces species-specific patterns in discrete regions

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: Collection of chromatophores that produces species-specific patterns in discrete regions
annotated source: chromatophore field
annotated property: definition

tegumental chromatophore
type: Class
subclass of: chromatophore
definition: Chromatophores located in or near surface integument

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: Chromatophores located in or near surface integument
annotated source: tegumental chromatophore
annotated property: definition

cirrus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102

body cirrus
type: Class
subclass of: cirrus
definition: A fleshy protruberance of skin that can be erected as a papilla, usually dorsal to the eyes

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: A fleshy protruberance of skin that can be erected as a papilla, usually dorsal to the eyes
annotated source: body cirrus
annotated property: definition

phragmacone
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006612
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: shell chamber
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: homologous_to
  some values from: conus
comment: found in fossil teuthoids
definition: The phragmocone is the chambered portion of the shell of a cephalopod. It is divided by septa into camerae.

Axiom
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phragmocone
annotated target: The phragmocone is the chambered portion of the shell of a cephalopod. It is divided by septa into camerae.
annotated source: phragmacone
annotated property: definition

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: found in fossil teuthoids
annotated source: phragmacone
annotated property: comment

corneal membrane
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000158
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: cornea
definition: A thin turgid transparent membrane that covers the eyes of myopsid and sepioid cephalopods

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: A thin turgid transparent membrane that covers the eyes of myopsid and sepioid cephalopods
annotated source: corneal membrane
annotated property: definition

gill length
type: Class
subclass of: gill trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: gill

Koelicker organ
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
definition: Minute bristle-like structure that covers the body of planktonic octopod larvae

lanceola
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000064
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: gladius vane
definition: Expanded portion of gladius vane

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: Expanded portion of gladius vane
annotated source: lanceola
annotated property: definition

macula
type: Class
subclass of: spot
definition: Irregular spot capable of expanding or retracting

nuchal fold
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102
definition: One of a series of longitudinal folds or pleats of skin in the nuchal region

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: One of a series of longitudinal folds or pleats of skin in the nuchal region
annotated source: nuchal fold
annotated property: definition

ocellus
type: Class
subclass of: spot
has_related_synonym: false eye spot

cephalopod sperm receptacle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000994
has_related_synonym: A bulbous structure found in buccal region of femles of some cephalopods for retention of viable sperm until required for fertilization

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: A bulbous structure found in buccal region of femles of some cephalopods for retention of viable sperm until required for fertilization
annotated source: cephalopod sperm receptacle
annotated property: has_related_synonym

spermatophore pad
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod sperm receptacle

inner sucker ring
type: Class
subclass of: sucker ring

outer sucker ring
type: Class
subclass of: sucker ring

tail
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
definition: Posterior extension of gladius and mantle epithelium. Frequently elongate.

Axiom
source: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/zoology/pdf_hi/sctz-0513.pdf
annotated target: Posterior extension of gladius and mantle epithelium. Frequently elongate.
annotated source: tail
annotated property: definition

branchial heart appendage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000064
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: branchial heart
has_exact_synonym: pericardial gland

spot
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0003102

dorsal beak
type: Class
subclass of: beak
has_related_synonym: upper mandible

ventral beak
type: Class
subclass of: beak
has_related_synonym: lower mandible

septum
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061

arm I
type: Class
subclass of: arm
has_exact_synonym: dorsal arm

arm II
type: Class
subclass of: arm

arm III
type: Class
subclass of: arm

external shell
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0006612
comment: Nautiluses are the only living cepholopod with an external shell throughout their life cycle
is about: NCBITaxon_34572

Axiom
source: ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/w7192e/w7192e02.pdf
annotated target: Nautiluses are the only living cepholopod with an external shell throughout their life cycle
annotated source: external shell
annotated property: comment

spermatophore groove
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: UBERON_0005156
subclass of: UBERON_0014403
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: hectocotylus
definition: A channel or groove running along the length of the hectocotylus

Axiom
source: ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/w7192e/w7192e02.pdf
annotated target: A channel or groove running along the length of the hectocotylus
annotated source: spermatophore groove
annotated property: definition

shield
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475

dorsal shield
type: Class
subclass of: shield
definition: hard calcareous dorsal surface of the cuttlebone

Axiom
source: ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/w7192e/w7192e02.pdf
annotated target: hard calcareous dorsal surface of the cuttlebone
annotated source: dorsal shield
annotated property: definition

epirenal body
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
definition: glandular structures of unknown function which lie on either side of the renal papillae

Axiom
source: ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/w7192e/w7192e02.pdf
annotated target: glandular structures of unknown function which lie on either side of the renal papillae
annotated source: epirenal body
annotated property: definition

renal sac
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
has_related_synonym: kidney
has_related_synonym: nephridium

tooth of sucker ring
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: sucker ring

umbilicus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000475
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002160
  some values from: NCBITaxon_34572
definition: the central core of the chambered Nautilus shell, representing the juvenile shell with its initial coils

Axiom
source: ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/w7192e/w7192e02.pdf
annotated target: the central core of the chambered Nautilus shell, representing the juvenile shell with its initial coils
annotated source: umbilicus
annotated property: definition

web depth
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: web

beak length
type: Class
subclass of: head trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: beak
has_related_synonym: hood length

lower rostral length
type: Class
subclass of: beak length
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: ventral beak
has_related_synonym: LRL

upper rostral length
type: Class
subclass of: beak length
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: dorsal beak
has_related_synonym: URL

spadix organ
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0000033

shell chamber
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006612
definition: Camerae (singular camera) are the spaces or chambers enclosed between two adjacent septa in the phragmocone of a nautiloid or ammonoid cephalopod. These can be seen in cross-sections of a nautilus shell and in the polished cross-sections of ammonites. In life these chambers are filled with gas, mediated by the siphuncle, and used to control buoyancy.
has_narrow_synonym: phragmacone chamber

Axiom
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_%28cephalopod%29
annotated target: Camerae (singular camera) are the spaces or chambers enclosed between two adjacent septa in the phragmocone of a nautiloid or ammonoid cephalopod. These can be seen in cross-sections of a nautilus shell and in the polished cross-sections of ammonites. In life these chambers are filled with gas, mediated by the siphuncle, and used to control buoyancy.
annotated source: shell chamber
annotated property: definition

shell septum
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: septum
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: part_of
    some values from: UBERON_0006612
subclass of: septum

orthocone
type: Class
subclass of: external shell
definition: An orthocone is a usually long straight shell of a nautiloid cephalopod.

Axiom
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthocone
annotated target: An orthocone is a usually long straight shell of a nautiloid cephalopod.
annotated source: orthocone
annotated property: definition

internal shell
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0006612

shell aperture
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0004111
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006612
definition: An opening in a mollusc shell

Axiom
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aperture_%28mollusc%29
annotated target: An opening in a mollusc shell
annotated source: shell aperture
annotated property: definition

shell apex
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
definition: the tip of the mollusc shell of a gastropod, scaphopod, or cephalopod mollusc.
comment: n orthocone cephalopods, the pointed end of the shell is called the apex, and shell growth is away from the apex and toward the aperture. The first chamber of the apex is sometimes called the protoconch.

Axiom
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apex_%28mollusc%29
annotated target: the tip of the mollusc shell of a gastropod, scaphopod, or cephalopod mollusc.
annotated source: shell apex
annotated property: definition

funnel component of funnel-mantle locking apparatus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000064
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel-mantle locking-apparatus

mantle component of funnel-mantle locking apparatus
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000064
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0006575
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: funnel-mantle locking-apparatus

spermatophore gland
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
subclass of: UBERON_0005399
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part_of
  some values from: UBERON_0000079

Ammonoidea
type: Class
subclass of: NCBITaxon 6605
has_exact_synonym: ammonites
has rank: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_subclass

Goniatitida
type: Class
subclass of: Ammonoidea
has rank: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_order

Ceratitida
type: Class
subclass of: Ammonoidea
has rank: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_order

Ammonitida
type: Class
subclass of: Ammonoidea
has rank: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_order

reproductive trait
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod trait

appendage trait
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: cephalopod trait
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: trait of
    some values from: UBERON_0000026
subclass of: cephalopod trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: circumoral appendage

habitat trait
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod trait
comment: In future, this class will be connected to ENVO

shell trait
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: cephalopod trait
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: trait of
    some values from: UBERON_0006612
subclass of: cephalopod trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: UBERON_0006612

integument trait
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: cephalopod trait
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: trait of
    some values from: UBERON_0002199
subclass of: cephalopod trait
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: UBERON_0002199

fin trait
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: cephalopod trait
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: trait of
    some values from: fin
subclass of: cephalopod trait

head trait
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: cephalopod trait
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: trait of
    some values from: UBERON_0000033
subclass of: cephalopod trait

whole organism trait
type: Class
subclass of: cephalopod trait

gill trait
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: cephalopod trait
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: trait of
    some values from: gill
subclass of: cephalopod trait

iteroparous
type: Class
subclass of: reproductive trait
definition: characterized by multiple reproductive cycles over the course of its lifetime
comment: Nautiluses are the only cephalopods to present iteroparity

organ of Hoeven
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0002530
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002160
  some values from: NCBITaxon_32577

pyroform sac
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000062
comment: An organ on the left side of the reproductive tract occupying the analagous position to the genital duct in males and females. Found in Nautilus.
has_related_synonym: pyroform gland

sexual size dimorphism
type: Class
subclass of: sexual dimorphism
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: trait of
  some values from: NCBITaxon_102882
comment: Tremoctopus exhibit an extreme degree of sexual dimorphism. Females may reach 2 m in length, whereas the tiny males are at most a few centimeters long.

sexual dimorphism
type: Class
subclass of: reproductive trait

buccal ganglion
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000045

epithelial layer of gladius
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: UBERON_0000483
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: part_of
    some values from: gladius
subclass of: UBERON_0000483
has_exact_synonym: gladius epithelium
has_related_synonym: pen epithelium
has_related_synonym: epithelial layer of pen

marginal epithelial layer of the gladius
type: Class
subclass of: epithelial layer of gladius
has_related_synonym: marginal epithelial layer on the pen

ventral epithelial layer of gladius
type: Class
subclass of: epithelial layer of gladius
has_related_synonym: ventral epithelial layer on the pen

iridophore
type: Class
subclass of: CL_0000147

leucophore
type: Class
subclass of: CL_0000147

biological_process
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000000
definition: Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.

Axiom
annotated target: Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.
database_cross_reference: GOC:go_curators
database_cross_reference: GOC:isa_complete
annotated source: biological_process
annotated property: definition

bioluminescence
type: Class
subclass of: biological_process
definition: The production of light by certain enzyme-catalyzed reactions in cells.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Bioluminescence

Axiom
database_cross_reference: ISBN:0198506732
annotated target: The production of light by certain enzyme-catalyzed reactions in cells.
annotated source: bioluminescence
annotated property: definition

locomotion
type: Class
subclass of: biological_process
definition: Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another.

Axiom
database_cross_reference: GOC:dgh
annotated target: Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another.
annotated source: locomotion
annotated property: definition

flight
type: Class
subclass of: locomotion
definition: Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement.

Axiom
database_cross_reference: GOC:dph
annotated target: Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement.
annotated source: flight
annotated property: definition