Porifera (sponge) ontology
type: Ontology
version IRI: poro.owl
imports: cl import.owl
imports: uberon import.owl
imports: go import.owl
imports: pato import.owl
imports: ro import.owl
imports: chebi import.owl
description: An ontology describing the anatomical structures and characteristics of Porifera (sponges)
creator: Chris Mungall
creator: Bob Thacker

definition
type: AnnotationProperty

term replaced by
type: AnnotationProperty

external definition
type: AnnotationProperty

synonyms that should no longer be used
type: AnnotationProperty
has_scope: has_related_synonym
sub property of: synonym_type_property

synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: synonym_type_property

synonym_type_property
type: AnnotationProperty

consider
type: AnnotationProperty

has_alternative_id
type: AnnotationProperty

has_broad_synonym
type: AnnotationProperty

database_cross_reference
type: AnnotationProperty

has_exact_synonym
type: AnnotationProperty

has_narrow_synonym
type: AnnotationProperty

has_obo_format_version
type: AnnotationProperty

has_related_synonym
type: AnnotationProperty

has_scope
type: AnnotationProperty

has_synonym_type
type: AnnotationProperty

in_subset
type: AnnotationProperty

shorthand
type: AnnotationProperty

variant of
type: ObjectProperty

echinates
type: ObjectProperty
has_related_synonym: protrudes from

sponge cell
type: Class
subclass of: CL_0000000
subclass of: GO_0005623
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: sponge
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:40:57Z

sponge
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000468
definition: Sponge bodies consist of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. While all animals have unspecialized cells that can transform into specialized cells, sponges are unique in having some specialized cells that can transform into other types, often migrating between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes, and the shapes of their bodies are adapted to maximize the efficiency of the water flow. All are sessile aquatic animals and, although there are freshwater species, the great majority are marine (salt water) species, ranging from tidal zones to depths exceeding 8,800 metres (5.5 mi)
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:42:26Z

Axiom
annotated source: sponge
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sponge bodies consist of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. While all animals have unspecialized cells that can transform into specialized cells, sponges are unique in having some specialized cells that can transform into other types, often migrating between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes, and the shapes of their bodies are adapted to maximize the efficiency of the water flow. All are sessile aquatic animals and, although there are freshwater species, the great majority are marine (salt water) species, ranging from tidal zones to depths exceeding 8,800 metres (5.5 mi)
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Sponge

mesohyl
type: Class
subclass of: body layer
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002220
  some values from: pinacoderm
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002220
  some values from: choanoderm
definition: An extracellular matrix enclosed by pinacoderm and choanoderm, the mesohyl is composed primarily of galectin, collagen, fibronectin-like molecules, dermatopontin, and other polypeptides. The mesohyl contains cells (microbial and eukaryotic) and skeletal elements (collagen, spongin, chitin, and/or minerals). (Boury-Esnault and Rützler 1997; Müller 2003)
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:42:59Z
has_related_synonym: mesenchyme
has_related_synonym: mesoglea

Axiom
annotated source: mesohyl
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: mesenchyme
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

choanocyte
type: Class
subclass of: flagellated cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spongocoel lining
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: micromere
definition: A cell that lines the interior of Asconoid, syconoid and leuconoid body type sponges that contain a central flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli which are connected by a thin membrane. The choanocyte is ovoid, with one end adjacent to the mesohyl (in some species). It is the closest family member to the free-living ancestor called choanoflagellate. The flagellae beat regularly, creating a water flow across the microvilli which can then filter nutrients and other food from the water taken from the collar of the sponge. Food particles are then phagocytosed by the cell. Choanocytes are found dotting the surface of the spongocoel in asconoid sponges and the radial canals in syconoid sponges, but they comprise entirely the chambers in leuconoid sponges. By cooperatively moving their flagella, choanocytes generate a flow of water through the sponges pores, into the spongocoel, and out through the osculum. This improves both respiratory and digestive functions for the sponge, pulling in oxygen and nutrients and allowing a rapid expulsion of carbon dioxide and other waste products. Although all cells in a sponge are capable of living on their own, choanocytes carry out most of the sponge's ingestion, passing digested materials to the amoebocytes for delivery to other cells.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:47:33Z
has_related_synonym: collar cell
comment: They bear more than a passing resemblance to Choanoflagellates, and demonstrate key steps in the evolution of animals. Scientist Nicole King helped to establish the distinction.[1] DNA sequencing indicates that multicellular choanoflagellates and poriferans are sister groups, both descended from the same eukaryotic clade. One can see modern choanoflagellates living in small colonies, illustrating the evolution of sponges by analogy. More complex animals, notably the cnidarians, possess cells whose structures are clearly derived from choanocytes, demonstrating their historical ties to phylum porifera.

Axiom
annotated source: choanocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A cell that lines the interior of Asconoid, syconoid and leuconoid body type sponges that contain a central flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli which are connected by a thin membrane. The choanocyte is ovoid, with one end adjacent to the mesohyl (in some species). It is the closest family member to the free-living ancestor called choanoflagellate. The flagellae beat regularly, creating a water flow across the microvilli which can then filter nutrients and other food from the water taken from the collar of the sponge. Food particles are then phagocytosed by the cell. Choanocytes are found dotting the surface of the spongocoel in asconoid sponges and the radial canals in syconoid sponges, but they comprise entirely the chambers in leuconoid sponges. By cooperatively moving their flagella, choanocytes generate a flow of water through the sponges pores, into the spongocoel, and out through the osculum. This improves both respiratory and digestive functions for the sponge, pulling in oxygen and nutrients and allowing a rapid expulsion of carbon dioxide and other waste products. Although all cells in a sponge are capable of living on their own, choanocytes carry out most of the sponge's ingestion, passing digested materials to the amoebocytes for delivery to other cells.
database_cross_reference: ISBN:0030229073
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Choanocyte

obsolete epitheloid monolayer of cells
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:50:20Z
comment: Sponge cells adhere to form tissue-like layers, but a true epithelial cell layer, characterized by aligned cell polarity, belt-form junctions and underlying basal lamina, is thought to be a eumetazoan innovation. Amphimedon possesses all the main components of the Par, Crumbs and Discs Large (Dlg) complexes, a set of interacting proteins that are largely metazoan-specific and determine polarity in epithelial cells[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v466/n7307/full/nature09201.htm]
deprecated: true

lophocyte
type: Class
subclass of: collencyte
definition: amoeba-like cells that move slowly through the mesohyl and secrete collagen fibres.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:52:10Z

sponge larval cell
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: sponge cell
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: sponge larva
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: sponge larva

rhabdiferous cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Large cell with numerous rod-like inclu sions parallel to the long axis of the cell containing acid mucopolysaccharides
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:53:00Z
comment: secrete polysaccharides that also form part of the mesohyl

Axiom
annotated source: rhabdiferous cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Large cell with numerous rod-like inclu sions parallel to the long axis of the cell containing acid mucopolysaccharides
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

macromere
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larval cell
definition: Posterior non-ciliated larval cell that will differentiate into a pinacocyte.

Axiom
annotated source: macromere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Posterior non-ciliated larval cell that will differentiate into a pinacocyte.
database_cross_reference: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24844197

micromere
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larval cell
subclass of: flagellated cell
definition: anterior ciliated cell of the sponge larva that will differentiate into a choanocyte or spicule-forming cell

Axiom
annotated source: micromere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: anterior ciliated cell of the sponge larva that will differentiate into a choanocyte or spicule-forming cell
database_cross_reference: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24844197

cruciform cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larval cell
comment: degenerates after larval stage

sclerocyte
type: Class
subclass of: secretory cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: archaeocyte
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0003000
  some values from: spicule
definition: spicule secreting cells, found in sponges. They secrete calcareous or siliceous spicules which are found in the mesohyl layer of sponges. The sclerocytes produce spicules via formation of a cellular triad
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:54:11Z
comment: compare: "Cell involved in spicule secretion. In Demospon- ges, with intracellular secretion, sclerocytes are characterized by numerous mitochondria and the presence of spicule-axial filaments. In Calcarea, where secretion is extracellular, sclerocytes have septate junctions between them (sc in figure)." [http://www.portol.org/thesaurus]

Axiom
annotated source: sclerocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: spicule secreting cells, found in sponges. They secrete calcareous or siliceous spicules which are found in the mesohyl layer of sponges. The sclerocytes produce spicules via formation of a cellular triad
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Sclerocyte

secretory cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:55:19Z

spongocyte
type: Class
subclass of: secretory cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0003000
  some values from: spongin
definition: In addition to or instead of sclerocytes, demosponges have spongocytes that secrete a form of collagen that polymerizes into spongin, a thick fibrous material that stiffens the mesohyl.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:55:40Z

myocyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: mesohyl
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: aquiferous system
definition: conduct signals and cause parts of the animal to contract. They are assumed to regulate the flow of water by increasing or decreasing the diameter of these openings to the aquiferous system.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:56:33Z
has_related_synonym: muscle cell

gray cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: cells that acts as sponges' equivalent of an immune system.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:57:32Z
has_related_synonym: immune cell
comment: TODO: Merge with glycocyte?

archaeocyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002215
  some values from: GO_0006909
definition: amoeba-like large cells with large nuclei that are totipotent. They also have important roles in feeding and in clearing debris that block the ostia.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:58:18Z
has_related_synonym: amoebocyte

Axiom
annotated source: archaeocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: amoeba-like large cells with large nuclei that are totipotent. They also have important roles in feeding and in clearing debris that block the ostia.
database_cross_reference: ISBN:0030229073

spicule
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: mesohyl
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: mineral skeleton
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0003001
  some values from: sclerocyte
definition: siliceous or calcareous entities that form the mineral skeleton of a sponge
external definition: A component of the mineral skeleton, typically composed of silica or calcium carbonate[portol]. A structural element that provides structural support and deter predators. Large spicules, visible to the naked eye are referred to as megascleres, while smaller, microscopic ones are termed microscleres. The meshing of many spicules serves as the sponge's skeleton. Spicules are formed by sclerocytes, which are derived from archaeocytes. The sclerocyte begins with an organic filament, and adds silica to it. Spicules are generally elongated at a rate of 1-10 μm per hour. Once the spicule reaches a certain length it protrudes from the sclerocyte cell body, but remains within the cell's membrane. On occasion, sclerocytes may begin a second spicule while the first is still in progress.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T06:59:28Z
comment: located primarily in the mesohyl, but some project through the pinacoderm (Barnes).

Axiom
annotated source: spicule
annotated property: external definition
annotated target: A component of the mineral skeleton, typically composed of silica or calcium carbonate[portol]. A structural element that provides structural support and deter predators. Large spicules, visible to the naked eye are referred to as megascleres, while smaller, microscopic ones are termed microscleres. The meshing of many spicules serves as the sponge's skeleton. Spicules are formed by sclerocytes, which are derived from archaeocytes. The sclerocyte begins with an organic filament, and adds silica to it. Spicules are generally elongated at a rate of 1-10 μm per hour. Once the spicule reaches a certain length it protrudes from the sclerocyte cell body, but remains within the cell's membrane. On occasion, sclerocytes may begin a second spicule while the first is still in progress.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Sponge_spicule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

osculum
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000466
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002150
  some values from: spongeocoel
definition: an excretory structure in the living sponge, a large opening to the outside through which the current of water exits after passing through the spongocoel. Wastes diffuse into the water and the water exits through the osculum at a velocity of nearly 8.4 cm/second, carrying away with it the sponge's wastes. The size of the osculum is regulated by the myocyte. Its size, in turn, determines the amount of water flowing through the sponge.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:03:32Z

Axiom
annotated source: osculum
annotated property: definition
annotated target: an excretory structure in the living sponge, a large opening to the outside through which the current of water exits after passing through the spongocoel. Wastes diffuse into the water and the water exits through the osculum at a velocity of nearly 8.4 cm/second, carrying away with it the sponge's wastes. The size of the osculum is regulated by the myocyte. Its size, in turn, determines the amount of water flowing through the sponge.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Osculum

spongeocoel
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000466
definition: large, central cavity of sponges. Water enters the spongocoel through hundreds of tiny pores (Ostia) and exits through the larger opening (osculum). Depending on the body plan of the sponge (which can be asconoid, syconoid, or leuconoid), the spongocoel could be a simple interior space of the sponge or a complexly branched inner structure. Regardless of body plan or class, the spongocoel is lined with choanocytes, which have flagella that push water through the spongocoel, creating a current.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:05:15Z
has_alternative_id: PORO:0000037
has_exact_synonym: cloaca
has_exact_synonym: gastal cavity
has_related_synonym: atrium
comment: ATRIUM: "Preoscular cavity. This term is used specifically to designate the central exhalant cavity" [http://www.portol.org/thesaurus]

Axiom
annotated source: spongeocoel
annotated property: has_exact_synonym
annotated target: cloaca
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: spongeocoel
annotated property: has_exact_synonym
annotated target: gastal cavity
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: spongeocoel
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: atrium
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ostium
type: Class
subclass of: pore
definition: Any opening in the exopinacoderm through which water enters the sponge.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:07:50Z
has_alternative_id: PORO:0000036
has_exact_synonym: incurrent pore

spongocoel lining
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000465
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spongeocoel
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:09:08Z

pinacocyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: pinacoderm
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: macromere
definition: flat cells found on the outermost layer of sponges. They can expand and contract to slightly alter the size of the sponge, and can also produce collagen. Delimits the sponge from the external milieu and always only in a layer one-cell deep
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:11:56Z

Axiom
annotated source: pinacocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: flat cells found on the outermost layer of sponges. They can expand and contract to slightly alter the size of the sponge, and can also produce collagen. Delimits the sponge from the external milieu and always only in a layer one-cell deep
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Pinacocyte
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

prosopyle
type: Class
subclass of: pore
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: inhalant canal
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002150
  some values from: choanocyte chamber
definition: a pore through which water is drawn from the outside into one of the saclike chambers formed by the evagination of the body wall.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T08:35:40Z
comment: Compare: "Opening of an inhalant canal into a choanocyte chamber (pro in figure)." [http://www.portol.org/thesaurus]

choanocyte chamber
type: Class
subclass of: canal
subclass of: chamber
definition: Any cavity lined by choanocytes and located between inhalant and exhalant systems[portol]. either the choanocyte-lined radial canal in syconoid, or the choanocyte-lined filter chamber in leuconoid[cjm].
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T08:36:55Z
has_exact_synonym: choanocyte lined chamber

asconoid sponge
type: Class
subclass of: sponge
definition: Asconoid is one of three possible body plans for sponges, which form the phylum Porifera in kingdom Animalia and subkingdom Parazoa which means that they do not have a definite body shape. The asconoid body plan is characterized by a stalk-like spongocoel surrounded by a single layer of choanocytes. These choanocytes are cells that have flagella, and the flagella beat to push water through the spongocoel, creating a current. At somewhat regular intervals along the lining of the spongocoel are openings called ostia (singular, ostium). These protrude through the outer layer of the sponge (somewhat like an epidermis, but not entirely like it, since this terminology implies germ layers, which sponges do not have). Finally, at the top of the sponge is the osculum, which is the final exit for water circulating through the sponge. This single layer of choanocytes limits the size of asconoids, with the largest having a diameter of only 1 mm. This is due to the surface area : mass ratio which would not allow an asconoid sponge of larger size sufficient nutrition.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:14:19Z

Axiom
annotated source: asconoid sponge
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Asconoid is one of three possible body plans for sponges, which form the phylum Porifera in kingdom Animalia and subkingdom Parazoa which means that they do not have a definite body shape. The asconoid body plan is characterized by a stalk-like spongocoel surrounded by a single layer of choanocytes. These choanocytes are cells that have flagella, and the flagella beat to push water through the spongocoel, creating a current. At somewhat regular intervals along the lining of the spongocoel are openings called ostia (singular, ostium). These protrude through the outer layer of the sponge (somewhat like an epidermis, but not entirely like it, since this terminology implies germ layers, which sponges do not have). Finally, at the top of the sponge is the osculum, which is the final exit for water circulating through the sponge. This single layer of choanocytes limits the size of asconoids, with the largest having a diameter of only 1 mm. This is due to the surface area : mass ratio which would not allow an asconoid sponge of larger size sufficient nutrition.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Asconoid

syconoid sponge
type: Class
subclass of: sponge
definition: Sponge in which the body wall is pleated. The inner pockets of the pleats are lined with choanocytes, which connect to the outer pockets of the pleats by ostia. This increase in the number of choanocytes and hence in pumping capacity enables syconoid sponges to grow up to a few centimeters in diameter
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:15:05Z

Axiom
annotated source: syconoid sponge
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sponge in which the body wall is pleated. The inner pockets of the pleats are lined with choanocytes, which connect to the outer pockets of the pleats by ostia. This increase in the number of choanocytes and hence in pumping capacity enables syconoid sponges to grow up to a few centimeters in diameter
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Sea_sponge

leuconoid sponge
type: Class
subclass of: sponge
definition: The "leuconid" pattern boosts pumping capacity further by filling the interior almost completely with mesohyl that contains a network of chambers lined with choanocytes and connected to each other and to the water intakes and outlet by tubes. Leuconid sponges grow to over 1 metre (3.3 ft) in diameter, and the fact that growth in any direction increases the number of choanocyte chambers enables them to take a wider range of forms, for example "encrusting" sponges whose shapes follow those of the surfaces to which they attach. All freshwater and most shallow-water marine sponges have leuconid bodies. The networks of water passages in glass sponges are similar to the leuconid structure.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:15:41Z

Axiom
annotated source: leuconoid sponge
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The "leuconid" pattern boosts pumping capacity further by filling the interior almost completely with mesohyl that contains a network of chambers lined with choanocytes and connected to each other and to the water intakes and outlet by tubes. Leuconid sponges grow to over 1 metre (3.3 ft) in diameter, and the fact that growth in any direction increases the number of choanocyte chambers enables them to take a wider range of forms, for example "encrusting" sponges whose shapes follow those of the surfaces to which they attach. All freshwater and most shallow-water marine sponges have leuconid bodies. The networks of water passages in glass sponges are similar to the leuconid structure.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Sea_sponge

spongin
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: skeleton
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0003001
  some values from: spongocyte
definition: Skeletal substance in Demospongiae made up of collagen microfibrils of ~10 fim diameter[portol]. a modified type of collagen protein, forms the fibrous skeleton of most organisms among the phylum Porifera, the sponges. Spongin gives a sponge its flexibility. True spongin is found only in members of the class Demospongiae
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:17:56Z
has_related_synonym: collagen

Axiom
annotated source: spongin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeletal substance in Demospongiae made up of collagen microfibrils of ~10 fim diameter[portol]. a modified type of collagen protein, forms the fibrous skeleton of most organisms among the phylum Porifera, the sponges. Spongin gives a sponge its flexibility. True spongin is found only in members of the class Demospongiae
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Spongin
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

calcareous spicule
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002473
    some values from: CHEBI 3311
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: CHEBI_46719
disjoint with: siliceous spicule
definition: A spicule composed largely of calcite having a radiate form, the number of rays being either two (diactine), three (triactine), or four (tetractine).
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:20:56Z

siliceous spicule
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: CHEBI_64389
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: CHEBI_64389
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:21:12Z

spongin spicule
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002473
    some values from: spongin
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: spongin
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:21:16Z

calcium carbonate exoskeleton
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: skeleton
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002473
    some values from: CHEBI 3311
subclass of: skeleton
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: CHEBI 3311
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:22:22Z

trab
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
definition: A trab is structural element within a sponge formed by the fusion of dendroclones. In the Anthaspidellidae, when spicules (usually dendroclones) connect at their tips to form a ladder-like structure, trabs may be formed.[1] Oxeas are sometimes employed in the central rod.[1][2] Trabs have a feather-like structure, or may form rods.[1][3] Trabs are usually regularly spaced, usually at sub-millimetric intervals.[1] Further dendroclones may interconnect adjacent trabs, forming ladder-like structures
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:25:52Z

Axiom
annotated source: trab
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A trab is structural element within a sponge formed by the fusion of dendroclones. In the Anthaspidellidae, when spicules (usually dendroclones) connect at their tips to form a ladder-like structure, trabs may be formed.[1] Oxeas are sometimes employed in the central rod.[1][2] Trabs have a feather-like structure, or may form rods.[1][3] Trabs are usually regularly spaced, usually at sub-millimetric intervals.[1] Further dendroclones may interconnect adjacent trabs, forming ladder-like structures
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Trab

pore
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000466
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:29:00Z

dermal pore
type: Class
subclass of: pore
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002150
  some values from: inhalant canal
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:31:20Z
comment: In syconoid sponge, water passes through dermal pores to the incurrent canal and through the prosopyle to the choanocyte-lined radial canal.

canal
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:31:48Z

obsolete incurrent canal
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:31:56Z
deprecated: true

flagellated canal
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: canal
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: flagellated cell
subclass of: canal
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: flagellated cell
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:32:19Z

obsolete flagellated chamber
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:32:43Z
deprecated: true

pinacoderm
type: Class
subclass of: body layer
subclass of: sponge surface
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: lined by
  some values from: pinacocyte
definition: The pinacoderm is the outer most layer of cells (pinacocytes) in the phylum Porifera (sponges), similar to the epidermis in other organisms. The pinacocytes are on the external surface of the sponge body and characterized as an epithelial layer of flattened cells.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:33:24Z
comment: compare with: "Surface lined by pinacocytes (ex and en in figure)." [http://www.portol.org/thesaurus]

Axiom
annotated source: pinacoderm
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The pinacoderm is the outer most layer of cells (pinacocytes) in the phylum Porifera (sponges), similar to the epidermis in other organisms. The pinacocytes are on the external surface of the sponge body and characterized as an epithelial layer of flattened cells.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Pinacoderm

porocyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: pinacoderm
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: pinacocyte
definition: cell that surrounds a pore (ostium). In an asconoid sponge, water enters the sponge through the porocytes, passes directly to the choanocyte-lined spongocoel, and then out of the sponge through the osculum.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T07:38:18Z

Axiom
annotated source: porocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: cell that surrounds a pore (ostium). In an asconoid sponge, water enters the sponge through the porocytes, passes directly to the choanocyte-lined spongocoel, and then out of the sponge through the osculum.
database_cross_reference: UBERON:cjm
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spicule ray
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spicule
disjoint union of: actine ray
disjoint union of: clad
disjoint union of: rhabd
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T08:23:20Z

apopyle
type: Class
subclass of: pore
definition: a pore in each of the saclike chambers formed by the evagination of the body wall, through which water passes into the excurrent canals.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2011-04-22T08:45:54Z

Axiom
annotated source: apopyle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: a pore in each of the saclike chambers formed by the evagination of the body wall, through which water passes into the excurrent canals.
database_cross_reference: http:dictionary.reference.com/browse/apopyle

maternal cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larval cell
comment: degenerates after larval stage

crystal
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spicule
has_related_synonym: silicate crystal
has_related_synonym: spicule crystal

arrangement of spicules
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: UBERON_0000480
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002473
    some values from: spicule
subclass of: UBERON_0000480
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: spicule

arrangement of megascleres
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: UBERON_0000480
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002473
    some values from: megasclere
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: megasclere

microsclere
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
disjoint with: megasclere
definition: Small spicule, often ornate in shape.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: microsclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Small spicule, often ornate in shape.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: A large spicule, visible to the naked eye.

Axiom
annotated source: megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A large spicule, visible to the naked eye.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Sponge_spicule

obsolete primary skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
deprecated: true

smoking
type: Class
subclass of: GO_0022414
definition: Massive release of gametes.
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: smoking
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Massive release of gametes.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spined
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Prefix meaning spined, as in acanthostyle or acanthomicrorhabd
database_cross_reference: PATO:0001365
has_related_synonym: echinate
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: spined
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prefix meaning spined, as in acanthostyle or acanthomicrorhabd
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: spined
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: echinate
database_cross_reference: UBERON:cjm

acanthophore
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicule having two to six stout spined rays, typically surrounding the point of insertion of the root tuft in Hyalonema species.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: acanthophore
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule having two to six stout spined rays, typically surrounding the point of insertion of the root tuft in Hyalonema species.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

accessory spicule
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: echinates
  some values from: choanosomal skeleton
definition: A megasclere echinating the primary skeleton. See ECHINATING SPICULE.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: accessory spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A megasclere echinating the primary skeleton. See ECHINATING SPICULE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

accretive reticulation
type: Class
subclass of: reticulate skeleton
definition: Regularly anisotropic reticulation with ascending (primary and radial) fibers or tracts and interconnecting fibers or tracts about equal in thickness
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: accretive reticulation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Regularly anisotropic reticulation with ascending (primary and radial) fibers or tracts and interconnecting fibers or tracts about equal in thickness
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

acerate spicule
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Pointed like a needle; adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: acerate spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Pointed like a needle; adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

actine ray
type: Class
subclass of: spicule ray
definition: A centered ray containing an axis or axial canal. See also CLAD.
has_related_synonym: ray
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: actine ray
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A centered ray containing an axis or axial canal. See also CLAD.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

actinocyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Elongated contractile cell often grouped in sphincter- like structure around the osculum, below the sieve- plates, and around the large exhalant canals. Characterized by numerous filaments of actin within their cytoplasm. New term for the contractile cell (ac in figure).
has_related_synonym: contractile cell
has_related_synonym: myocyte
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: actinocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Elongated contractile cell often grouped in sphincter- like structure around the osculum, below the sieve- plates, and around the large exhalant canals. Characterized by numerous filaments of actin within their cytoplasm. New term for the contractile cell (ac in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

agglutinated support
type: Class
subclass of: substrate
definition: Creating substrate or support by cementing together a mixture of foreign material, such as sand, shell, or rock.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: agglutinated support
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Creating substrate or support by cementing together a mixture of foreign material, such as sand, shell, or rock.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ala
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: chela
definition: One of the thin, wing-like or spatulate structures in each recurved portion of a chela. The anterior ala is the one facing the shaft; others are lateral alae. See CHELA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: ala
annotated property: definition
annotated target: One of the thin, wing-like or spatulate structures in each recurved portion of a chela. The anterior ala is the one facing the shaft; others are lateral alae. See CHELA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

alveolate skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Skeleton arranged around choanosomal cavities
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: alveolate skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeleton arranged around choanosomal cavities
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

amararhysis
type: Class
subclass of: exhalant canal
definition: Paleontological term for longitudinal, tunnellike canal opening to the exhalant surface by slit-like apertures.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: amararhysis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Paleontological term for longitudinal, tunnellike canal opening to the exhalant surface by slit-like apertures.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ambucinate
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
definition: Diactin with spines recurved toward the center
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: ambucinate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Diactin with spines recurved toward the center
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

amorphous
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Without definite shape. To be rejected, vague term. See MASSIVE.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: amorphous
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Without definite shape. To be rejected, vague term. See MASSIVE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

amphiaster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A microsclere with microspined rays radiating from both ends of a shaft; the rays are shorter than the shaft
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: amphiaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A microsclere with microspined rays radiating from both ends of a shaft; the rays are shorter than the shaft
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

amphiblastula
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larva
definition: Hollow, ovoid larva, with anterior flagellated and posterior nonflagellated groups of cells; typical of Calcaronea
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: amphiblastula
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hollow, ovoid larva, with anterior flagellated and posterior nonflagellated groups of cells; typical of Calcaronea
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

amphidisc
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Dumbbell-shaped microsclere with ends developed into umbel-like expansions. Three size classes, termed macramphidisc, mesamphidisc, micramphidisc
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: amphidisc
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Dumbbell-shaped microsclere with ends developed into umbel-like expansions. Three size classes, termed macramphidisc, mesamphidisc, micramphidisc
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

amphitriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: Class
    intersection of: rhabd
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: RO_0002180
      qualified cardinality: 2
      on class: cladome
definition: A double triaene with a short rhabd bearing two opposed cladomes
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: amphitriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A double triaene with a short rhabd bearing two opposed cladomes
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

amphitrider
type: Class
subclass of: tetraclone
definition: Tetraclone resembling an amphitriaene.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: amphitrider
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tetraclone resembling an amphitriaene.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anastomosing
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Tracts, lines, or fibers are interconnected
has_exact_synonym: reticulate
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: anastomosing
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tracts, lines, or fibers are interconnected
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: anastomosing
annotated property: has_exact_synonym
annotated target: reticulate
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anatriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
definition: A triaene in which the clads are sharply curved backward
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: anatriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene in which the clads are sharply curved backward
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anaxial desma
type: Class
subclass of: desma
definition: Desma without central axis.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: anaxial desma
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Desma without central axis.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anchor
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Anchor-like spicule, protruding free from the basal part of the sponge; derived from diactine, triactine, or tetractine spicules, with terminal rays or spines, curved in the proximal direction along the main ray
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: anchor
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Anchor-like spicule, protruding free from the basal part of the sponge; derived from diactine, triactine, or tetractine spicules, with terminal rays or spines, curved in the proximal direction along the main ray
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anchorate chela
type: Class
subclass of: isochela
definition: An isochela with three or more free alae (at each end) in the form of recurved processes shaped like anchor claws (unguiferous) or anchor blades (spatuliferous); with two incipient lateral alae fused with the shaft over their entire length and a gently curved, not abruptly arched shaft. An anchorate chela with three teeth is called a tridendate chela.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: anchorate chela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An isochela with three or more free alae (at each end) in the form of recurved processes shaped like anchor claws (unguiferous) or anchor blades (spatuliferous); with two incipient lateral alae fused with the shaft over their entire length and a gently curved, not abruptly arched shaft. An anchorate chela with three teeth is called a tridendate chela.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

angulate spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Sharply bent; referring to overall spicule shape, as in oxea or sigmas. See OXEA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: angulate spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sharply bent; referring to overall spicule shape, as in oxea or sigmas. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

aniso-
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Prefix meaning unequal; generally referring to the ends of a spicule; see ANISOCHELA.
consider: PORO:0000126
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: aniso-
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prefix meaning unequal; generally referring to the ends of a spicule; see ANISOCHELA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anisochela
type: Class
subclass of: chela
disjoint with: isochela
definition: A chela with unequal ends
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: anisochela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A chela with unequal ends
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anisotropic skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: reticulate skeleton
definition: Reticulate skeleton with primary and secondary tracts, lines, or fibers
has_related_synonym: chalinid skeleton
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: anisotropic skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Reticulate skeleton with primary and secondary tracts, lines, or fibers
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anomoclone
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: To be rejected. See ASTROCLONE, SPHAEROCLONE.
consider: PORO:0000152
consider: PORO:0000538
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: anomoclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: To be rejected. See ASTROCLONE, SPHAEROCLONE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anterior pole
type: Class
subclass of: pole of larva
definition: Pole directed forward when larva is swimming.
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: anterior pole
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Pole directed forward when larva is swimming.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anthaster
type: Class
subclass of: euaster
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spicule ray
definition: An euaster with tuberculate, denticulate, or spined, sometimes digitate, expansions at the ray tips (Chondrilla grandis)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: anthaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An euaster with tuberculate, denticulate, or spined, sometimes digitate, expansions at the ray tips (Chondrilla grandis)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

antho-
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Prefix meaning thorny.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae. TODO: request PATO term
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: antho-
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prefix meaning thorny.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

anthosigma
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: A special form of spiraster (genus Anthosig mella; = Cliona); to be rejected.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: anthosigma
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A special form of spiraster (genus Anthosig mella; = Cliona); to be rejected.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

aphodal
type: Class
subclass of: choanocyte chamber
definition: Type of choanocyte chamber that connects directly with the inhalant canals through prosopyles and with the exhalant canal through an apopyle extended by an aphodus. Only one chamber opens into one aphodus
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: aphodal
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Type of choanocyte chamber that connects directly with the inhalant canals through prosopyles and with the exhalant canal through an apopyle extended by an aphodus. Only one chamber opens into one aphodus
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

aphodus
type: Class
subclass of: exhalant canal
definition: Small exhalant canal leading from the apopyle to an exhalant canal (ap in figure).
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: aphodus
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Small exhalant canal leading from the apopyle to an exhalant canal (ap in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

apical actine (ray)
type: Class
subclass of: actine ray
definition: The fourth actine of a tetractine that is joined to the basal triradiate system
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: apical actine (ray)
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The fourth actine of a tetractine that is joined to the basal triradiate system
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

apochete
type: Class
subclass of: exhalant canal
definition: Exhalant canal in fossil sponges.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: apochete
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Exhalant canal in fossil sponges.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

apopinacocyte
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: endopinacocyte
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: exhalant canal
subclass of: endopinacocyte
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: exhalant canal
definition: Endopinacocyte lining the exhalant canal (ai in figure).
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: apopinacocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Endopinacocyte lining the exhalant canal (ai in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

apopinacoderm
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: sponge surface
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: lined by
    some values from: apopinacocyte
subclass of: endopinacoderm
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: lined by
  some values from: apopinacocyte
definition: Surface lined by apopinacocytes.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: apopinacoderm
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface lined by apopinacocytes.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

apopore
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: To be rejected; in fossil sponges, an opening forming an exit from an apochete (= osculum).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: apopore
annotated property: definition
annotated target: To be rejected; in fossil sponges, an opening forming an exit from an apochete (= osculum).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

apopylar cell
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: sponge cell
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002221
    some values from: apopyle
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002221
  some values from: apopyle
definition: Cell surrounding the apopyle and located between the choanocytes and the apopinacocytes (ay in figure).
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: apopylar cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell surrounding the apopyle and located between the choanocytes and the apopinacocytes (ay in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

aporhysis
type: Class
subclass of: canal
definition: In fossil sponges, canal closed at the outer end (cf. epirhysis).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: aporhysis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In fossil sponges, canal closed at the outer end (cf. epirhysis).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

aquiferous system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000467
definition: The entire water-conducting system between the ostia and the oscula, which comprises the inhalant system, choanocyte chambers, and the exhalant system
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: aquiferous system
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The entire water-conducting system between the ostia and the oscula, which comprises the inhalant system, choanocyte chambers, and the exhalant system
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

arborescent
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Erect, branching habit, tree-like in appearance (Axinella polypoides)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: arborescent
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Erect, branching habit, tree-like in appearance (Axinella polypoides)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

arcuate chela
type: Class
subclass of: isochela
definition: An isochela with three free alae and the shaft characteristically curved outward, often bow-shaped.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: arcuate chela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An isochela with three free alae and the shaft characteristically curved outward, often bow-shaped.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

areolated surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface covered by numerous circular ectosomal areas (Hamigera)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: areolated surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface covered by numerous circular ectosomal areas (Hamigera)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

articulate skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: choanoskeleton
definition: Choanoskeleton composed of several rows of similar spicules
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: articulate skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Choanoskeleton composed of several rows of similar spicules
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

asconoid
type: Class
subclass of: aquiferous system
definition: Aquiferous system in which the internal cavity of the sponge is entirely lined by choanocytes
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: asconoid
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aquiferous system in which the internal cavity of the sponge is entirely lined by choanocytes
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

aspidaster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: An elongate-compressed microsclere in which the numerous rays are fused and end in minute spinose projections (Erylus spp.)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: aspidaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An elongate-compressed microsclere in which the numerous rays are fused and end in minute spinose projections (Erylus spp.)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

aspidoplumicome
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster with numerous S-shaped terminal rays whose external curved ends form several successive tiers
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: aspidoplumicome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster with numerous S-shaped terminal rays whose external curved ends form several successive tiers
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

astroclone
type: Class
subclass of: desma
definition: Desma made up of radiating arms
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: astroclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Desma made up of radiating arms
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

astrorhiza
type: Class
subclass of: groove, pit or depression
definition: Traces of the excurrent canal system on or within a rigid skeleton that appear as radiating or star-shaped grooves.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: astrorhiza
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Traces of the excurrent canal system on or within a rigid skeleton that appear as radiating or star-shaped grooves.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

asymmetric megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Adjective referring to the extremities of a megasclere. See OXEA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: asymmetric megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adjective referring to the extremities of a megasclere. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

atrial skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Spicules surrounding the atrium.
has_related_synonym: atrial spicule
has_related_synonym: atrial spicule/skeleton
has_related_synonym: gastral
has_related_synonym: gastral spicule/skeleton
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: atrial skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules surrounding the atrium.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: atrial skeleton
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: atrial spicule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: atrial skeleton
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: atrial spicule/skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: atrial skeleton
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: gastral
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

Axiom
annotated source: atrial skeleton
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: gastral spicule/skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

autodermalia
type: Class
subclass of: dermalia
definition: Dermalia belonging wholly or at least primarily to the outer bounding skin, without actin protruding inside the sponge body
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: autodermalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Dermalia belonging wholly or at least primarily to the outer bounding skin, without actin protruding inside the sponge body
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

autogastralia
type: Class
subclass of: gastralia
definition: Gastralia with one actin protruding into the atrium
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: autogastralia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Gastralia with one actin protruding into the atrium
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

axial filament
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: siliceous spicule
definition: The organic core around which a siliceous spicule is organized.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: axial filament
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The organic core around which a siliceous spicule is organized.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

axial skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: A type of skeletal organization in which some components are condensed to form a central region or axis
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: axial skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A type of skeletal organization in which some components are condensed to form a central region or axis
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

axinellid skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Structure with a dense core of parallel fibers or strands fanning out toward the periphery of a sponge See also PLUMOSE or PLUMORETICULATE.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: axinellid skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Structure with a dense core of parallel fibers or strands fanning out toward the periphery of a sponge See also PLUMOSE or PLUMORETICULATE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

bacteriocyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Cell containing prokaryotic microsymbionts
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: bacteriocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell containing prokaryotic microsymbionts
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

bark
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000480
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: pithed fiber
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: spongin
definition: The dense area of compacted spongin surrounding the central zone in pithed fibers
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: bark
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The dense area of compacted spongin surrounding the central zone in pithed fibers
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

basal spongin plate
type: Class
subclass of: plate
definition: A spongin layer covering the substratum
has_related_synonym: basal lamina
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: basal spongin plate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A spongin layer covering the substratum
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

basal triradiate system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: tetractine
definition: The three rays of a tetractine that correspond to those of a triactine
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: basal triradiate system
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The three rays of a tetractine that correspond to those of a triactine
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

basalia
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicules protruding from lower sponge surface; sometimes called root spicules, anchors, barbed basalia; in some species, forming a root tuft
has_related_synonym: anchor
has_related_synonym: barbed basalia
has_related_synonym: root spicule
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: basalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules protruding from lower sponge surface; sometimes called root spicules, anchors, barbed basalia; in some species, forming a root tuft
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

basidictyonal plate
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Rigid basal skeletal framework.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: basidictyonal plate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Rigid basal skeletal framework.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

basopinacocyte
type: Class
subclass of: secretory cell
subclass of: pinacocyte
definition: Pinacocyte affixing the sponge to the substratum by external secretion of a collagenous matrix (bs in figure).
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: basopinacocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Pinacocyte affixing the sponge to the substratum by external secretion of a collagenous matrix (bs in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

bipocillum
type: Class
subclass of: anisochela
definition: A modified anisochela with fused alae connected by a short curved shaft (genus Iophon)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: bipocillum
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A modified anisochela with fused alae connected by a short curved shaft (genus Iophon)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

birotula
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A type of microsclere with a straight shaft and umbrella-shaped ends
has_related_synonym: amphidisc
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: birotula
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A type of microsclere with a straight shaft and umbrella-shaped ends
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

blastula
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Term to be rejected. See COELOBLASTULA.
comment: Reproduction
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: blastula
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Term to be rejected. See COELOBLASTULA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

blunt megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: blunt megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

bouquet
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
definition: Ectosomal brush of spicules perpendicular to the surface of the sponge, with pointed ends outward.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: bouquet
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Ectosomal brush of spicules perpendicular to the surface of the sponge, with pointed ends outward.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

brachyome
type: Class
subclass of: arm of trider
definition: Shortened arm of a trider.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: brachyome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Shortened arm of a trider.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

branching
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Spreading out in branches (see also ARBORESCENT and REPENT).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: branching
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spreading out in branches (see also ARBORESCENT and REPENT).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

bud
type: Class
subclass of: reproductive body
definition: An asexual reproductive body composed of various types of cells (e.g., Tethya spp., Axinella damicornis).
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: bud
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An asexual reproductive body composed of various types of cells (e.g., Tethya spp., Axinella damicornis).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

calcareous tripod
type: Class
subclass of: regular spicule
subclass of: triactine
definition: Regular triactine whose center is not in the same plane as the extremities of the recurved rays.
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: calcareous tripod
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Regular triactine whose center is not in the same plane as the extremities of the recurved rays.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

caliculate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Cup shaped (Poterion neptuni)
has_related_synonym: cup shaped
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: caliculate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cup shaped (Poterion neptuni)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

calthrop
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Equiangular tetraxon with equal rays
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: calthrop
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Equiangular tetraxon with equal rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

calycocome
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster with stout main rays and with terminal rays directed outward
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: calycocome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster with stout main rays and with terminal rays directed outward
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

canalaria
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicules lining canals
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: canalaria
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules lining canals
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

candelabrum
type: Class
subclass of: lophocalthrop
definition: A special form of lophocalthrop characterized by branching, multispined rays
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: candelabrum
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A special form of lophocalthrop characterized by branching, multispined rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

canonochela
type: Class
subclass of: isochela
definition: Modified, ellipsoid isochela with wing-like extensions on one (the bottom) side (genus Cercidochela)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: canonochela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Modified, ellipsoid isochela with wing-like extensions on one (the bottom) side (genus Cercidochela)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

carrier cell
type: Class
subclass of: choanocyte
definition: Modified choanocyte that transports a captured spermatozoid to an oocyte
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: carrier cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Modified choanocyte that transports a captured spermatozoid to an oocyte
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cellules en croix
type: Class
subclass of: multicellular anatomical structure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: amphiblastula
definition: Nonflagellated cells arranged in tetraradial fashion in the amphiblastula of Calcaronea
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: cellules en croix
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Nonflagellated cells arranged in tetraradial fashion in the amphiblastula of Calcaronea
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cemented spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Interlocked or adjacent spicules firmly linked by calcareous cement; the cement may be restricted to the junction area or may progressively encase the entire spicule
has_related_synonym: fused spicule
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: cemented spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Interlocked or adjacent spicules firmly linked by calcareous cement; the cement may be restricted to the junction area or may progressively encase the entire spicule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spicule center
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002220
  qualified cardinality: 3
  on class: spicule ray
definition: Point of union of the three rays of a triactine or of a basal triradiate system.
has_broad_synonym: center
has_related_synonym: centrum
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: spicule center
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Point of union of the three rays of a triactine or of a basal triradiate system.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

central cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: apopyle
definition: Single cell located at the apopyle of choanocyte chambers
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: central cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Single cell located at the apopyle of choanocyte chambers
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

centrotriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
definition: A triaene with three clads and two small rhabds (genus Triptolemus)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae. Editors note: Definition inconsistent with parent?

Axiom
annotated source: centrotriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene with three clads and two small rhabds (genus Triptolemus)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

centrotylote
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: tyle
definition: Spicule with a median tyle (globular swelling). See OXEA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: centrotylote
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule with a median tyle (globular swelling). See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

chela
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A microsclere with a curved shaft and recurved ala at each end.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: chela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A microsclere with a curved shaft and recurved ala at each end.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

chiactine
type: Class
subclass of: tetractine
definition: Tetractine with the unpaired ray of the basal system and the apical ray in the same alignment
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: chiactine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tetractine with the unpaired ray of the basal system and the apical ray in the same alignment
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

chiastoclone
type: Class
subclass of: dendroclone
definition: Dendroclone with a very short central shaft.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: chiastoclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Dendroclone with a very short central shaft.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

chiastosigma
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Microsclere composed of two crossed sigmas (genus Chiastosia)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: chiastosigma
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Microsclere composed of two crossed sigmas (genus Chiastosia)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

choanoblast
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Cell that buds anucleate outgrowth called COLLAR BODY; in Hexactinellida
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: choanoblast
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell that buds anucleate outgrowth called COLLAR BODY; in Hexactinellida
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

choanochamber
type: Class
subclass of: chamber
definition: Hexactinellida equivalent of the choanocyte chambers of Demospongiae and Calcarea.
has_related_synonym: flagellated chamber
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: choanochamber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexactinellida equivalent of the choanocyte chambers of Demospongiae and Calcarea.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: choanochamber
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: flagellated chamber
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

choanoderm
type: Class
subclass of: body layer
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: choanocyte
definition: Surface lined by choanocytes.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: choanoderm
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface lined by choanocytes.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

choanoskeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: choanocyte
definition: Skeleton of the part of the sponge that contains choanocytes
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: choanoskeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeleton of the part of the sponge that contains choanocytes
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

choanosomal skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Skeleton of the main body, supporting the canal system and responsible for the form of the sponge.
has_exact_synonym: endosomal skeleton
has_exact_synonym: main skeleton
has_exact_synonym: primary skeleton
has_exact_synonym: principal skeleton
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: choanosomal skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeleton of the main body, supporting the canal system and responsible for the form of the sponge.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

choanosome
type: Class
subclass of: organism subdivision
definition: The internal region of a sponge, including the choanocyte chambers.
has_exact_synonym: endosome
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: choanosome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The internal region of a sponge, including the choanocyte chambers.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

choristid megasclere arrangement
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of megascleres
definition: Predominantly radiate, occasionally confused arrangement of megascleres including triaenes with cladome outward, lacking spongin, and commonly with a cortex.
has_related_synonym: astrophorid
has_related_synonym: choristid
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: choristid megasclere arrangement
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Predominantly radiate, occasionally confused arrangement of megascleres including triaenes with cladome outward, lacking spongin, and commonly with a cortex.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: choristid megasclere arrangement
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: astrophorid
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

Axiom
annotated source: choristid megasclere arrangement
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: choristid
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

cinctoblastula
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larva
definition: Hollow larva, entirely flagellated, with a central ring of pigmented cells; typical of Homoscleromorpha
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: cinctoblastula
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hollow larva, entirely flagellated, with a central ring of pigmented cells; typical of Homoscleromorpha
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

clad
type: Class
subclass of: spicule ray
disjoint with: rhabd
definition: Any ray or axial branch containing an axis or axial canal confluent with that of the protoclad or protorhabd in any type of spicule; term chiefly used in triaene spicules.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: clad
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Any ray or axial branch containing an axis or axial canal confluent with that of the protoclad or protorhabd in any type of spicule; term chiefly used in triaene spicules.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cladome
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: clad
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: Class
      union of: triaene
      union of: Restriction
        on property: RO_0002202
        some values from: spicule
subclass of: clad
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: Class
    union of: triaene
    union of: Restriction
      on property: RO_0002202
      some values from: spicule
definition: The clads of a triaene or triaene-derivative spicule.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: cladome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The clads of a triaene or triaene-derivative spicule.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cladotylote
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Monaxon megasclere, one end with knobs, the other with hooks
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: cladotylote
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Monaxon megasclere, one end with knobs, the other with hooks
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

clathrate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Resembling open latticework (Clathrina coriacea)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: clathrate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Resembling open latticework (Clathrina coriacea)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

clathrate skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Polyhedral arrangement of fibroreticulate sheets
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: clathrate skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Polyhedral arrangement of fibroreticulate sheets
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

clathriid skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Isodictyal or subisodictyal arrangement of fibers cored and/or echinated by styles in the family Microcionidae
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: clathriid skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Isodictyal or subisodictyal arrangement of fibers cored and/or echinated by styles in the family Microcionidae
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

clavate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Club shaped (Rhizaxinella pyrifera)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: clavate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Club shaped (Rhizaxinella pyrifera)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

clavidisc microsclere
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A ring-shaped microsclere (genus Merlia).
has_related_synonym: clavidisc
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: clavidisc microsclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A ring-shaped microsclere (genus Merlia).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: clavidisc microsclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: clavidisc
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

clavule
type: Class
subclass of: sceptrule
definition: Sceptrule with one terminal umbel or with terminal anchor teeth
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: clavule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sceptrule with one terminal umbel or with terminal anchor teeth
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cleistochela
type: Class
subclass of: chela
definition: A chela with the ends (anterior alae) very close to each other (e.g., Clathria echinata)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: cleistochela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A chela with the ends (anterior alae) very close to each other (e.g., Clathria echinata)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

clone
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
definition: Ray-like arm that is entirely anaxial.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: clone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Ray-like arm that is entirely anaxial.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

codonhexactin
type: Class
subclass of: discohexactin
definition: Discohexactin with long, dendate, umbel-like structures
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: codonhexactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Discohexactin with long, dendate, umbel-like structures
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

coeloblastula
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larva
definition: Hollow larva composed of an envelope of morphologically similar equipotent cells, to which a few larger nonflagellated cells may be added at the posterior pole.
has_related_synonym: blastula
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: coeloblastula
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hollow larva composed of an envelope of morphologically similar equipotent cells, to which a few larger nonflagellated cells may be added at the posterior pole.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: coeloblastula
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: blastula
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

coenosteum
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Term for cnidarians, used for the solid skeleton in stromatoporoids; to be rejected for sponges in favor of rigid calcareous skeleton.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: coenosteum
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Term for cnidarians, used for the solid skeleton in stromatoporoids; to be rejected for sponges in favor of rigid calcareous skeleton.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

collagen fascicle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: collagen fibril
definition: A dense band of intercellular collagen fibrils, which has a skeletal role in some sponges (e.g., genus Chondrosia)
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: collagen fascicle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A dense band of intercellular collagen fibrils, which has a skeletal role in some sponges (e.g., genus Chondrosia)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

collar body
type: Class
subclass of: choanocyte
subclass of: Class
  complement of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: nucleus
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: choanoblast
definition: Anucleate choanocyte in hexactinellids.
comment: Editor note: consider using 'anucleate cell' from CL

Axiom
annotated source: collar body
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Anucleate choanocyte in hexactinellids.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

collencyte
type: Class
subclass of: secretory cell
definition: Cell with branching pseudopods/cytoplasmic strands, involved in the secretion of collagen (co in figure).
has_exact_synonym: collenocyte
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: collencyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell with branching pseudopods/cytoplasmic strands, involved in the secretion of collagen (co in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

column
type: Class
subclass of: skeletal element of sponge
definition: Radial skeletal element in stromatoporoids, with a greater degree of continuity and larger than PILLARS.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: column
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Radial skeletal element in stromatoporoids, with a greater degree of continuity and larger than PILLARS.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

columnar
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Shape of solid, erect cylinder (Petrosia capsa)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: columnar
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Shape of solid, erect cylinder (Petrosia capsa)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

comitalia
type: Class
subclass of: parenchymalia
definition: Parenchymalia located close and parallel to principalia
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: comitalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Parenchymalia located close and parallel to principalia
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

comma
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: A curved microstyle
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: comma
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A curved microstyle
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

compound fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
definition: Several fibers merged or intricately interconnected
has_related_synonym: fasciculate fiber
has_related_synonym: fibrofascicle
has_related_synonym: trellised fiber
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: compound fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Several fibers merged or intricately interconnected
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

compressible
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Easily squeezed.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: compressible
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Easily squeezed.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

confused skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of megascleres
definition: Irregularly positioned megascleres.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: confused skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Irregularly positioned megascleres.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

conical megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
has_related_synonym: abruptly pointed
has_related_synonym: conical
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: conical megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: conical megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: abruptly pointed
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

Axiom
annotated source: conical megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: conical
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

conulose surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface with numerous cone-shaped projections raised up by underlying skeleton (Dysidea sp.)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: conulose surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface with numerous cone-shaped projections raised up by underlying skeleton (Dysidea sp.)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

corallite (= calyx)
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: In cnidarians, term for the external skeleton of a polyp; to be rejected for sponges in favor of PSEUDOCALYX.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: corallite (= calyx)
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In cnidarians, term for the external skeleton of a polyp; to be rejected for sponges in favor of PSEUDOCALYX.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cored fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
definition: A fiber that incorporates indigenous spicules or foreign material (spicules and sediment); coring may be light and limited to a central axis or may fill in the whole fiber
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: cored fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A fiber that incorporates indigenous spicules or foreign material (spicules and sediment); coring may be light and limited to a central axis or may fill in the whole fiber
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

corrugated surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface with alternating parallel ridges and grooves (Callyspongia plicifera)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: corrugated surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface with alternating parallel ridges and grooves (Callyspongia plicifera)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cortex
type: Class
subclass of: organism subdivision
definition: A superficial region of a sponge reinforced by a special organic or inorganic skeleton
has_related_synonym: crust
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: cortex
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A superficial region of a sponge reinforced by a special organic or inorganic skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cortical skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: ectosomal skeleton
definition: Ectosomal skeleton reinforced by a layer of special skeleton elements.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: cortical skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Ectosomal skeleton reinforced by a layer of special skeleton elements.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cortical spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicule or skeleton of the external layer or cortex of the sponge
has_related_synonym: dermal spicule/skeleton
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: cortical spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule or skeleton of the external layer or cortex of the sponge
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: cortical spicule
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: dermal spicule/skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

crateriform
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Massive shape, with a broad base and large central depression (Xestospongia muta).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: crateriform
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Massive shape, with a broad base and large central depression (Xestospongia muta).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

crepis
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000465
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: desma
definition: The fundamental, inceptional body of a desma before it is modified by deposition of multiple layers of silica. A monocrepid desma develops from a monaxon spicule that is recognized by a straight, undivided axial thread (canal); a tetracrepid desma is based on a tetraxon spicule with a four-rayed axial thread (a small calthrops; see bottom of figure); an acrepid desma is based on a polyaxon fundamental structure lacking axial threads.
has_related_synonym: acrepis
has_related_synonym: monocrepid
has_related_synonym: tetracrepid
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: crepis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The fundamental, inceptional body of a desma before it is modified by deposition of multiple layers of silica. A monocrepid desma develops from a monaxon spicule that is recognized by a straight, undivided axial thread (canal); a tetracrepid desma is based on a tetraxon spicule with a four-rayed axial thread (a small calthrops; see bottom of figure); an acrepid desma is based on a polyaxon fundamental structure lacking axial threads.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cri-
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Prefix indicating spiral or annulate ornamentation, as in cricalthrop (genus Sphinctrella)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: cri-
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prefix indicating spiral or annulate ornamentation, as in cricalthrop (genus Sphinctrella)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

croca
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A J-shaped microsclere
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: croca
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A J-shaped microsclere
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

crypt tissue
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000479
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: crypt cell
definition: Masses of thesocyte-like cells lodged within the basal crypts (chambers) of the calcareous skeleton (see ct in figure).
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: crypt tissue
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Masses of thesocyte-like cells lodged within the basal crypts (chambers) of the calcareous skeleton (see ct in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

crystal ultrastructure
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000480
definition: Organization of the skeletal crystals observed after special preparation showing the relationship between organic and mineral phases.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: crystal ultrastructure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Organization of the skeletal crystals observed after special preparation showing the relationship between organic and mineral phases.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

curved
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Referring to spicule shape (may be symmetrical or asymmetrical). See OXEA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: curved
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Referring to spicule shape (may be symmetrical or asymmetrical). See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cuticle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: sponge surface
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: spongin
definition: A spongin layer covering the surface or a part of the surface of a sponge.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: cuticle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A spongin layer covering the surface or a part of the surface of a sponge.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cyrtancistra
type: Class
subclass of: sigma
definition: A sigma with semilanceolated extremities (genus Pozziella)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: cyrtancistra
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A sigma with semilanceolated extremities (genus Pozziella)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

cystencyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Cell with a single large vesicle containing amorphous material identified as polysaccharide and occupying most of the cell volume
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: cystencyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell with a single large vesicle containing amorphous material identified as polysaccharide and occupying most of the cell volume
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dendritic
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: To be rejected for habit (term used as a descriptor of skeleton, see "Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae").
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: dendritic
annotated property: definition
annotated target: To be rejected for habit (term used as a descriptor of skeleton, see "Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae").
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dendritic skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: A skeleton consisting of single or ramifying fibers or tracts that branch but rarely anastomose (tree-like branching)
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: dendritic skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A skeleton consisting of single or ramifying fibers or tracts that branch but rarely anastomose (tree-like branching)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dendroclone
type: Class
subclass of: desma
definition: Desma with branched ends or tetracladine, amphitrider-like; always positioned perpendicular to skeletal fibers.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: dendroclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Desma with branched ends or tetracladine, amphitrider-like; always positioned perpendicular to skeletal fibers.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dendroreticulate fiber skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Ambiguous, to be rejected.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: dendroreticulate fiber skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Ambiguous, to be rejected.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dermalia
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicules of the external sponge surface. See AUTODERMALIA, HYPODERMALIA
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: dermalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules of the external sponge surface. See AUTODERMALIA, HYPODERMALIA
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

desma
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: A typical interlocked megasclere with hypertrophic terminal secretion of silica.
has_related_synonym: desmome
has_related_synonym: desmone
has_related_synonym: desmone megasclere
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: desma
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A typical interlocked megasclere with hypertrophic terminal secretion of silica.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

deuteroclad
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spicule ray
definition: An actinal branch or a distal, branched portion of a ray. See DICHOTRIAENE.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: deuteroclad
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An actinal branch or a distal, branched portion of a ray. See DICHOTRIAENE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diactin
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 2
  on class: spicule ray
definition: Megascleres with two rays and frequently with central swellings indicating the hexactin origin.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: diactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Megascleres with two rays and frequently with central swellings indicating the hexactin origin.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diactine
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: megasclere
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002180
    qualified cardinality: 2
    on class: actine ray
subclass of: monaxonic megasclere
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 2
  on class: actine ray
definition: Megasclere with two actines (two rays or two points)
has_exact_synonym: diact
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: diactine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Megasclere with two actines (two rays or two points)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diaene
type: Class
subclass of: tetractine
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: variant of
  some values from: triaene
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 2
  on class: clad
definition: Reduced triaene with two clads
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae. Editors note: we use the variant_of relation here to avoid inconsistency

Axiom
annotated source: diaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Reduced triaene with two clads
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diancistra
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A microsclere with hooked, knife-shaped ends, notched where they join the shaft and in the middle of the shaft (genus Hamacantha)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: diancistra
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A microsclere with hooked, knife-shaped ends, notched where they join the shaft and in the middle of the shaft (genus Hamacantha)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diapason
type: Class
subclass of: sagittal spicule
subclass of: triactine
definition: Sagittal triactine with parallel paired rays
has_related_synonym: tuning-fork spicule
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: diapason
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sagittal triactine with parallel paired rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diarhysis
type: Class
subclass of: canal
definition: In fossil sponges, radial canal in the honeycomb- like skeleton of Aphrocallistidae.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: diarhysis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In fossil sponges, radial canal in the honeycomb- like skeleton of Aphrocallistidae.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dichotriaene
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Class
    union of: orthotriaene
    union of: plagiotriaene
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: bifurcate clad
subclass of: triaene
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: bifurcate clad
definition: An ortho or plagiotriaene in which the clads are bifurcate
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: dichotriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An ortho or plagiotriaene in which the clads are bifurcate
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dicranoclone
type: Class
subclass of: desma
definition: Tuberculate monaxial desma, arch shaped, tripodal, tetrapodal, or rarely polygonal; zygomes are terminal, like those of the tetraclone.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: dicranoclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tuberculate monaxial desma, arch shaped, tripodal, tetrapodal, or rarely polygonal; zygomes are terminal, like those of the tetraclone.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dictyonal skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Three-dimensional network of fused, regular hexactins
has_related_synonym: dictyonine
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: dictyonal skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Three-dimensional network of fused, regular hexactins
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dictyonalia
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: spicule
definition: Spicules fused into a rigid framework.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: dictyonalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules fused into a rigid framework.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

didiscorhabd
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Microxea or microstrongyle ornamented by two discs along the shaft (genus Didiscus)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: didiscorhabd
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Microxea or microstrongyle ornamented by two discs along the shaft (genus Didiscus)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

digitate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Deeply divided, finger-like outgrowths from basal mass (Halichondria bowerbanki)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: digitate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Deeply divided, finger-like outgrowths from basal mass (Halichondria bowerbanki)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diod spicule
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
definition: Any diactine spicule with a central double-bent kink
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: diod spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Any diactine spicule with a central double-bent kink
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diplaster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: An astrose microsclere in which the rays or spines radiate from two, slightly distant, points
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: diplaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An astrose microsclere in which the rays or spines radiate from two, slightly distant, points
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

diplodal
type: Class
subclass of: choanocyte chamber
definition: Type of choanocyte chamber that connects with the inhalant canals through a canaliculum called the prosodus and with the excurrent canal through an apopyle extended by an aphodus
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: diplodal
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Type of choanocyte chamber that connects with the inhalant canals through a canaliculum called the prosodus and with the excurrent canal through an apopyle extended by an aphodus
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

discaster
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: A collective term for DISCORHABD and SCEPTRUM; to be rejected.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: discaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A collective term for DISCORHABD and SCEPTRUM; to be rejected.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

dischela
type: Class
subclass of: isochela
definition: A modified isochela whose disc-shaped alae are very close to each other and connected on their margins by two extremely reduced shafts (genus Coelodischela)
has_related_synonym: coelodischela
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: dischela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A modified isochela whose disc-shaped alae are very close to each other and connected on their margins by two extremely reduced shafts (genus Coelodischela)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

discoctaster
type: Class
subclass of: octaster
definition: Octaster with terminal rays ending in umbel-like disks
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: discoctaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Octaster with terminal rays ending in umbel-like disks
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

discohexactin
type: Class
subclass of: hexactin
definition: Hexactin with rays terminating in dentate, umbel-like structures
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: discohexactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexactin with rays terminating in dentate, umbel-like structures
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

discohexaster
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster with dentate, umbel-like terminal rays.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: discohexaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster with dentate, umbel-like terminal rays.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

discorhabd
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A rod-shaped microsclere with several smooth or serrated discs along the shaft (genera Latrunculia, Podospongia, Sceptrinus)
has_related_synonym: sceptrum
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: discorhabd
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A rod-shaped microsclere with several smooth or serrated discs along the shaft (genera Latrunculia, Podospongia, Sceptrinus)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

discotriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
definition: A triaene with a disc-shaped cladome. The single clads may be distinguished by the presence of short axial canals (genus Discodermia)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: discotriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene with a disc-shaped cladome. The single clads may be distinguished by the presence of short axial canals (genus Discodermia)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

drepanocome
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster with sickle-like terminations (genus Dictyaulus)
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: drepanocome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster with sickle-like terminations (genus Dictyaulus)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

echinating spicule
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Megasclere that protrudes from the spongin plate, a fiber, or a spicule tract
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: echinating spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Megasclere that protrudes from the spongin plate, a fiber, or a spicule tract
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ectochrote
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000465
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: cortex
definition: Outer layer of the cortex
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: ectochrote
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Outer layer of the cortex
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ectosomal skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Skeleton found in the superficial region of a sponge, distinct from that of the choanosome.
has_related_synonym: dermal skeleton
has_related_synonym: ectosomal crust
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: ectosomal skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeleton found in the superficial region of a sponge, distinct from that of the choanosome.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ectosome
type: Class
subclass of: organism subdivision
definition: The superficial region of a sponge that has no choanocyte chambers.
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: ectosome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The superficial region of a sponge that has no choanocyte chambers.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

elastic
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Resilient.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: elastic
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Resilient.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

encrusted substrate
type: Class
subclass of: substrate
definition: Thin, sheet-like coating of the substrate (Hymedesmia spp.)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: encrusted substrate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Thin, sheet-like coating of the substrate (Hymedesmia spp.)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

endolithic
type: Class
subclass of: relationship to substrate
definition: Occupying cavities in hard substrata (see also EXCAVATING).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: endolithic
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Occupying cavities in hard substrata (see also EXCAVATING).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

endopinacocyte
type: Class
subclass of: pinacocyte
definition: Pinacocyte lining the inhalant and exhalant canals. In some Demospongiae orders, it has a flagellum (en in figure).
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: endopinacocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Pinacocyte lining the inhalant and exhalant canals. In some Demospongiae orders, it has a flagellum (en in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

endopinacoderm
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: sponge surface
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: lined by
    some values from: endopinacocyte
subclass of: sponge surface
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: lined by
  some values from: endopinacocyte
definition: Surface lined by endopinacocytes.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: endopinacoderm
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface lined by endopinacocytes.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

endopsammic
type: Class
subclass of: relationship to substrate
definition: Main part of body buried in sand (Oceanapia peltata)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: endopsammic
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Main part of body buried in sand (Oceanapia peltata)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

entrapped spicules
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Class
  union of: calcareous spicule
  union of: siliceous spicule
definition: Calcareous or siliceous spicules that are not part of the primary spicule framework but are progressively enclosed within a solid skeleton during growth
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: entrapped spicules
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Calcareous or siliceous spicules that are not part of the primary spicule framework but are progressively enclosed within a solid skeleton during growth
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

eosinophilic cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Cell with inclusions that react positively with eosine.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: eosinophilic cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell with inclusions that react positively with eosine.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

epirhabd
type: Class
subclass of: desma
definition: Part of the developed desma formed by the deposition of concentric layers immediately around the crepis.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: epirhabd
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Part of the developed desma formed by the deposition of concentric layers immediately around the crepis.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

epirhysis
type: Class
subclass of: canal
definition: In fossil sponges, canal closed at inner end (cf. aporhysis).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: epirhysis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In fossil sponges, canal closed at inner end (cf. aporhysis).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

epitheca
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: calcareous skeleton
definition: A thin, wrinkled, calcareous layer, different in structure from the normal skeleton, covering the dead basal part of a rigid calcareous skeleton
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: epitheca
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A thin, wrinkled, calcareous layer, different in structure from the normal skeleton, covering the dead basal part of a rigid calcareous skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

equal megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
has_related_synonym: equal
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae. Editors note: merge with Oxea?

Axiom
annotated source: equal megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: equal megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: equal
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

erect
type: Class
subclass of: relationship to substrate
definition: General term for having a vertical (away from substrate) growth strategy.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: erect
annotated property: definition
annotated target: General term for having a vertical (away from substrate) growth strategy.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

euaster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A collective term for astrose microscleres in which the rays radiate from a central point
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: euaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A collective term for astrose microscleres in which the rays radiate from a central point
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

eurypylous
type: Class
subclass of: choanocyte chamber
definition: Type of choanocyte chamber that connects directly with the inhalant canals through prosopyles and with the excurrent canal through an apopyle. There is no special canal after the apopyle, and several chambers open into the same exhalant canal
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: eurypylous
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Type of choanocyte chamber that connects directly with the inhalant canals through prosopyles and with the excurrent canal through an apopyle. There is no special canal after the apopyle, and several chambers open into the same exhalant canal
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

excavating
type: Class
subclass of: relationship to substrate
definition: Living in galleries or cavities bored into limestone or other calcareous materials (species of Cliona, Thoosa, Aka)
has_related_synonym: boring
has_related_synonym: burrowing
has_related_synonym: perforating
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: excavating
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Living in galleries or cavities bored into limestone or other calcareous materials (species of Cliona, Thoosa, Aka)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

exhalant canal
type: Class
subclass of: canal
definition: Any canal forming part of the exhalant system, lined by the apopinacoderm.
has_related_synonym: excurrent canal
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: exhalant canal
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Any canal forming part of the exhalant system, lined by the apopinacoderm.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

exhalant system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000467
definition: Part of the aquiferous system between the apopyle and oscule
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: exhalant system
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Part of the aquiferous system between the apopyle and oscule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

exopinacocyte
type: Class
subclass of: pinacocyte
definition: Fusiform or T-shaped pinacocyte covering the free surface of a sponge. In exceptional cases, it has a flagellum (Homoscleromorpha) (ex in figure).
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: exopinacocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fusiform or T-shaped pinacocyte covering the free surface of a sponge. In exceptional cases, it has a flagellum (Homoscleromorpha) (ex in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

exotyle
type: Class
subclass of: style
definition: Styles or tylostyles with enlarged or omated distal end, projecting from the sponge surface
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: exotyle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Styles or tylostyles with enlarged or omated distal end, projecting from the sponge surface
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

extra-axial skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Structurally distinct skeleton arising from or surrounding an axial region
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: extra-axial skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Structurally distinct skeleton arising from or surrounding an axial region
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

facial plane
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000466
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spicule
definition: The plane passing through tips of the three rays of a triactine or of a basal triradiate system of a tetractine.
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: facial plane
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The plane passing through tips of the three rays of a triactine or of a basal triradiate system of a tetractine.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fascicular fibrous microstructure
type: Class
subclass of: microstructure
definition: Crystal fibers fanning outward and radiating upward. In the penicillate type (e.g., Ceratoporella), crystal fibers are feebly divergent; in the water-jet type (e.g., Merlia), crystal fibers progressively fan outward around the growth axis; in the trabecular type (cnidarian, unknown in sponges), the crystal fibers are symmetrically arranged around the growth axis and axial fibers are absent
has_related_synonym: penicillate
has_related_synonym: trabecular
has_related_synonym: water jet
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: fascicular fibrous microstructure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Crystal fibers fanning outward and radiating upward. In the penicillate type (e.g., Ceratoporella), crystal fibers are feebly divergent; in the water-jet type (e.g., Merlia), crystal fibers progressively fan outward around the growth axis; in the trabecular type (cnidarian, unknown in sponges), the crystal fibers are symmetrically arranged around the growth axis and axial fibers are absent
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fiber
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: reticulate skeleton
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: spongin
definition: A column (strand, thread) of spongin forming a reticulate or dendritic skeleton, with or without indige nous spicules or foreign material.
has_exact_synonym: fibre
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A column (strand, thread) of spongin forming a reticulate or dendritic skeleton, with or without indige nous spicules or foreign material.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fibroreticulate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Forming a net composed of fibers.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: fibroreticulate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Forming a net composed of fibers.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fibule
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Microsclere consisting of two bent rays derived from greatly reduced oxyhexaster (in Holascus fibulatus)
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: fibule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Microsclere consisting of two bent rays derived from greatly reduced oxyhexaster (in Holascus fibulatus)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ficiform
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Fig shaped (Petrosia ficiformis)
has_related_synonym: pyriform
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: ficiform
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fig shaped (Petrosia ficiformis)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

filling (tissue) structure
type: Class
subclass of: secondary calcareous skeleton
definition: Secondary calcareous skeleton that partitions or fills abandoned parts of the skeleton.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: filling (tissue) structure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Secondary calcareous skeleton that partitions or fills abandoned parts of the skeleton.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fimbria
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000465
definition: Narrow structure, similar to an ala, flanking the shaft of an anchorate chela
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: fimbria
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Narrow structure, similar to an ala, flanking the shaft of an anchorate chela
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

firm
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Solid, requires considerable pressure to deform sponge (species of Chondrosia).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: firm
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Solid, requires considerable pressure to deform sponge (species of Chondrosia).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fistule
type: Class
subclass of: surface protruberance
definition: A tube-like protuberance projecting from the sponge surface. See also PAPILLA
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: fistule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A tube-like protuberance projecting from the sponge surface. See also PAPILLA
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fistulose
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: UBERON_0000061
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: fistule
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: fistule
definition: Bearing fistules (Coelosphaera hechteli).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: fistulose
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Bearing fistules (Coelosphaera hechteli).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

flabellate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Fan shaped (Phakellia ventilabrum)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: flabellate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fan shaped (Phakellia ventilabrum)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

flagellated chamber
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: To be rejected. See CHOANOCYTE CHAMBER and CHOANOCHAMBER.
consider: PORO:0000197
consider: PORO:0000199
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: flagellated chamber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: To be rejected. See CHOANOCYTE CHAMBER and CHOANOCHAMBER.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

flagelliform
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Shaped as a single, very long, erect branch (Raspailia viminalis)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: flagelliform
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Shaped as a single, very long, erect branch (Raspailia viminalis)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

flexuous spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Referring to the spicule shape. See OXEA.
has_related_synonym: sinuous
has_related_synonym: sinuous spicule
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: flexuous spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Referring to the spicule shape. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

floricome
type: Class
subclass of: discohexaster
definition: Discohexaster with S-shaped terminal rays that end in a plate provided with teeth or claws
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: floricome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Discohexaster with S-shaped terminal rays that end in a plate provided with teeth or claws
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

foliaceous
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: In the form of a leaf (Carteriospongia foliacens)
has_related_synonym: foliose
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: foliaceous
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In the form of a leaf (Carteriospongia foliacens)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

follicle cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002220
  some values from: CL_0000023
definition: Cell in a group surrounding an oocyte
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: follicle cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell in a group surrounding an oocyte
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

foramen
type: Class
subclass of: pore
definition: Circular pore in laminae connecting adjoining interlamellar spaces (fo in figure, which also shows cc = choanocyte chamber; ct = crypt tissue; sk = rigid aspicular skeleton; spi = spicule; and ta = tabula).
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: foramen
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Circular pore in laminae connecting adjoining interlamellar spaces (fo in figure, which also shows cc = choanocyte chamber; ct = crypt tissue; sk = rigid aspicular skeleton; spi = spicule; and ta = tabula).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

forceps
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A U-shaped microsclere
has_related_synonym: labis
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: forceps
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A U-shaped microsclere
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fragile
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Easily broken.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: fragile
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Easily broken.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fragmentation
type: Class
subclass of: GO_0008150
definition: Breakup of a sponge without concomitant formation of special reproductive bodies.
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: fragmentation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Breakup of a sponge without concomitant formation of special reproductive bodies.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

free actine
type: Class
subclass of: actine ray
definition: A ray that projects through the external or the atrial surface.
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: free actine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A ray that projects through the external or the atrial surface.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

friable
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Easily broken, delicate, brittle.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: friable
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Easily broken, delicate, brittle.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

fuchsinophilic cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Cell with inclusions that react positively with acid fuchsin.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: fuchsinophilic cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell with inclusions that react positively with acid fuchsin.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

obsolete fusiform spicule
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Shape of a monactin spicule, tapering regularly toward a point. See OXEA.
term replaced by: PORO:0001000
comment: Obsoleted as fusiform is better represented as a quality
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: obsolete fusiform spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Shape of a monactin spicule, tapering regularly toward a point. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

gastralia
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: exhalant canal
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: exhalant canal
definition: All spicules that line the main exhalant cavity. See AUTOGASTRALIA, HYPOGASTRALIA
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: gastralia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: All spicules that line the main exhalant cavity. See AUTOGASTRALIA, HYPOGASTRALIA
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

gemmule
type: Class
subclass of: reproductive body
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: archaeocyte
definition: A resistant asexual reproductive body, composed of a mass of archaeocytes charged with reserves and enclosed in a noncellular protective envelope or coat
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: gemmule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A resistant asexual reproductive body, composed of a mass of archaeocytes charged with reserves and enclosed in a noncellular protective envelope or coat
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

globoferous cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Cell with a single large globule, a reduced cytoplasm, and a small conical nucleus (Clathriidae)
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: globoferous cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell with a single large globule, a reduced cytoplasm, and a small conical nucleus (Clathriidae)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

globular
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Ball shaped, spherical (Tethya aurantium)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: globular
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Ball shaped, spherical (Tethya aurantium)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

glutinous
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001
definition: Sticky (Reniera mucosa).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: glutinous
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sticky (Reniera mucosa).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

glycocyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Cell with conspicuous dictyosomes, characterized by the presence of glycogen rosettes and osmiophilic inclusions. Also known as gray cell
has_related_synonym: gray cell
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: glycocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell with conspicuous dictyosomes, characterized by the presence of glycogen rosettes and osmiophilic inclusions. Also known as gray cell
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

graphicome
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster with long, thin, parallel branches forming terminal brushes
has_exact_synonym: graphihexaster
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: graphicome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster with long, thin, parallel branches forming terminal brushes
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

halichondrioid skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: confused skeleton
definition: Confused skeleton except at the surface; choanosomal skeleton may be in vague tracts
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: halichondrioid skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Confused skeleton except at the surface; choanosomal skeleton may be in vague tracts
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hard
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Firm consistency, unyielding to pressure (most lithis tids, species of Petrosia).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: hard
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Firm consistency, unyielding to pressure (most lithis tids, species of Petrosia).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hastate
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicule remaining isodiametric for most of its length, with the point or points tapering abruptly. See OXEA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: hastate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule remaining isodiametric for most of its length, with the point or points tapering abruptly. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

heloclone
type: Class
subclass of: desma
definition: Desma with elongate and usually sinuous shaft, without branches, possibly with small digitations at the ends; the zygomes are lateral notches. An axial canal is usually found along most of the length of the spicule
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: heloclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Desma with elongate and usually sinuous shaft, without branches, possibly with small digitations at the ends; the zygomes are lateral notches. An axial canal is usually found along most of the length of the spicule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hemioxyhexaster
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster in which two opposite rays are longer than the other four; the branched rays are reduced or absent (genus Aphrocallistes)
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: hemioxyhexaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster in which two opposite rays are longer than the other four; the branched rays are reduced or absent (genus Aphrocallistes)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hexactin
type: Class
subclass of: siliceous spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 6
  on class: spicule ray
definition: Siliceous spicule with six unbranched rays perpendicular to one another.
has_related_synonym: hexact
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: hexactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Siliceous spicule with six unbranched rays perpendicular to one another.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hexadisc
type: Class
subclass of: microhexactin
definition: Microhexactin with six actins ending in amphidisclike umbels
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: hexadisc
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Microhexactin with six actins ending in amphidisclike umbels
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hexaster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 6
  on class: spicule ray
definition: Microsclere with six branched rays.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: hexaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Microsclere with six branched rays.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hilum
type: Class
subclass of: groove, pit or depression
disjoint union of: hilum of sterraster
disjoint union of: hilum of aspidaster
definition: A more or less distinct, funnel-shaped depression in the surface of a STERRASTER, situated on one side in ellipsoidal forms; also occurs in ASPIDASTERS in reduced form, resembling an umbilicus.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: hilum
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A more or less distinct, funnel-shaped depression in the surface of a STERRASTER, situated on one side in ellipsoidal forms; also occurs in ASPIDASTERS in reduced form, resembling an umbilicus.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hispid surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface with long and scattered spicular projections (Stelletta spp.)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: hispid surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface with long and scattered spicular projections (Stelletta spp.)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hispidation
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicules projecting through the pinacoderm.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: hispidation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules projecting through the pinacoderm.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

homogeneous fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
definition: A fiber without central pith and without conspicuous layers
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: homogeneous fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A fiber without central pith and without conspicuous layers
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

honeycombed surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface with polygonal pattern of ridges (Verongula gigantea)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: honeycombed surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface with polygonal pattern of ridges (Verongula gigantea)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hymedesmioid skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Skeleton of encrusting sponge where monactine megascleres are arranged singly with heads fixed to a basal plate of spongin and points directed outward
has_related_synonym: leptoclathriid
has_related_synonym: leptoclathriid skeleton
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: hymedesmioid skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeleton of encrusting sponge where monactine megascleres are arranged singly with heads fixed to a basal plate of spongin and points directed outward
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hypodermalia
type: Class
subclass of: dermalia
definition: Dermalia with one actin protruding inside the body and the other ones tangential to the external surface
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: hypodermalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Dermalia with one actin protruding inside the body and the other ones tangential to the external surface
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

hypogastralia
type: Class
subclass of: gastralia
definition: Gastralia with one actin protruding inward, the other ones oriented tangentially to the atrium
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: hypogastralia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Gastralia with one actin protruding inward, the other ones oriented tangentially to the atrium
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

inarticulate skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: choanoskeleton
definition: Choanoskeleton composed only of the unpaired rays of the subatrial spicules and of one of the rays of the cortical or subcortical spicules. Without specific spicules of the choanoskeleton
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: inarticulate skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Choanoskeleton composed only of the unpaired rays of the subatrial spicules and of one of the rays of the cortical or subcortical spicules. Without specific spicules of the choanoskeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

incompressible
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Not easily squeezed.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: incompressible
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Not easily squeezed.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

infundibuliform
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Funnel shaped (Callyspongia plicifera)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: infundibuliform
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Funnel shaped (Callyspongia plicifera)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

inhalant canal
type: Class
subclass of: canal
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: prosopinacoderm
definition: Any canal forming part of the inhalant system and lined by the prosopinacoderm.
has_related_synonym: incurrent canal
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: inhalant canal
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Any canal forming part of the inhalant system and lined by the prosopinacoderm.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

inhalant system
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000467
definition: Part of the aquiferous system between ostia and prosopyle.
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: inhalant system
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Part of the aquiferous system between ostia and prosopyle.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

intermedia
type: Class
subclass of: parenchymalia
definition: Parenchymalia situated among the principalia or dictyonalia
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: intermedia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Parenchymalia situated among the principalia or dictyonalia
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

interstitial spicule
type: Class
subclass of: choanosomal spicule
definition: Free choanosomal spicule not included in tracts or fibers, common in subectosomal skeleton
has_related_synonym: auxiliary spicule
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: interstitial spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Free choanosomal spicule not included in tracts or fibers, common in subectosomal skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

intracellular pore
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Term to be rejected. See PORE.
consider: PORO:0000035
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: intracellular pore
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Term to be rejected. See PORE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

irciniid filament
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: spongin
definition: Long, slender (0.5-15 urn thick) spongin element, terminally knobbed; intertwined or free in the sponge body
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: irciniid filament
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Long, slender (0.5-15 urn thick) spongin element, terminally knobbed; intertwined or free in the sponge body
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

irregular microstructure
type: Class
subclass of: microstructure
definition: Structure in which tangled crystal fibers have no preferred orientation (e.g., genus Vaceletia). Shape and nature of the crystal fiber may be diverse
has_exact_synonym: felt microstructure
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: irregular microstructure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Structure in which tangled crystal fibers have no preferred orientation (e.g., genus Vaceletia). Shape and nature of the crystal fiber may be diverse
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

iso-
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Prefix meaning equal (generally referring to the ends of a spicule).
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: iso-
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prefix meaning equal (generally referring to the ends of a spicule).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

isochela
type: Class
subclass of: chela
definition: A chela with equal ends
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: isochela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A chela with equal ends
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

isodictyal reticulation
type: Class
subclass of: reticulate skeleton
definition: Isotropic reticulation in which the meshes are triangular and have sides one spicule long
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: isodictyal reticulation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Isotropic reticulation in which the meshes are triangular and have sides one spicule long
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

isotropic reticulation
type: Class
subclass of: reticulate skeleton
definition: Reticulation without differentiation into primary or secondary fibers, tracts, or lines.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: isotropic reticulation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Reticulation without differentiation into primary or secondary fibers, tracts, or lines.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lamellate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Plate-like erect (Phyllospongia lamellosa).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: lamellate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Plate-like erect (Phyllospongia lamellosa).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lamina
type: Class
subclass of: calcareous plate
definition: Calcareous plate in stromatoporoids, perpendicular to radial skeletal components
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: lamina
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Calcareous plate in stromatoporoids, perpendicular to radial skeletal components
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

laminated fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
definition: A fiber in which concentric layers are visible
has_exact_synonym: stratified fiber
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: laminated fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A fiber in which concentric layers are visible
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

latilamina
type: Class
subclass of: calcareous plate
definition: A macroscopic, banded calcareous skeletal plate in stromatoporoids
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: latilamina
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A macroscopic, banded calcareous skeletal plate in stromatoporoids
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lax (= loose, vague) skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
subclass of: Class
  complement of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: fiber
subclass of: Class
  complement of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: tract
definition: Skeleton lacking clear tracts or fibers
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: lax (= loose, vague) skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeleton lacking clear tracts or fibers
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

leuconoid system
type: Class
subclass of: aquiferous system
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: leuconoid sponge
definition: Aquiferous system in which the choanocytes are restricted to discrete choanocyte chambers, which are dispersed in the mesohyl.
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: leuconoid system
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aquiferous system in which the choanocytes are restricted to discrete choanocyte chambers, which are dispersed in the mesohyl.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

limp
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Soft to the point of collapsing out of water.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: limp
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Soft to the point of collapsing out of water.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

line of spicules
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
definition: Unispicular tract
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: line of spicules
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Unispicular tract
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

linked spicules
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
definition: Spicules that are interlocked by zygosis, without cement
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: linked spicules
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules that are interlocked by zygosis, without cement
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lipo-
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Prefix meaning without.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: lipo-
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prefix meaning without.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lipostomous surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Condition of a surface in which oscula and ostia are inconspicuous (in old descriptions).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: lipostomous surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Condition of a surface in which oscula and ostia are inconspicuous (in old descriptions).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lithistid skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: desma
definition: Main skeleton consisting of an interlocked assemblage of desmas
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: lithistid skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Main skeleton consisting of an interlocked assemblage of desmas
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lobate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Having rounded projections.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: lobate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Having rounded projections.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lobodigitate
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: To be rejected (tautology).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: lobodigitate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: To be rejected (tautology).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lophocalthrop
type: Class
subclass of: calthrop
definition: Modified calthrop with one (monoloph), three (triloph), or four (tetraloph) rays
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: lophocalthrop
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Modified calthrop with one (monoloph), three (triloph), or four (tetraloph) rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lophocome (= lophodiscohexaster)
type: Class
subclass of: discohexaster
definition: Discohexaster with short, stout main rays and numerous slender secondary rays
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: lophocome (= lophodiscohexaster)
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Discohexaster with short, stout main rays and numerous slender secondary rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lychnisc
type: Class
subclass of: hexactin
definition: Hexactin with a center resembling a perforated octohedron; building block of fused (dictyonal) framework called LYCHNISCA (lower two lychnics shown in optical section).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: lychnisc
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexactin with a center resembling a perforated octohedron; building block of fused (dictyonal) framework called LYCHNISCA (lower two lychnics shown in optical section).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lychnisca
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: lychnisc
definition: Dictyonal hexactin framework formed by lychnises
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: lychnisca
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Dictyonal hexactin framework formed by lychnises
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

lyssacine
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: hexactin
definition: Spicular framework formed by the juxtaposition and interlacing of elongate rays of hexactins
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: lyssacine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicular framework formed by the juxtaposition and interlacing of elongate rays of hexactins
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

mamelon
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: skeleton
definition: Rounded regular or irregular elevation of the skeleton surface; may or may not show correlation with astrorhizae
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: mamelon
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Rounded regular or irregular elevation of the skeleton surface; may or may not show correlation with astrorhizae
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

marginalia
type: Class
subclass of: prostalia
definition: Prostalia that project in a wreath-like arrangement from the oscular margin
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: marginalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prostalia that project in a wreath-like arrangement from the oscular margin
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

massive
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Large, compact structure without definable shape (Spongia officinalis).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: massive
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Large, compact structure without definable shape (Spongia officinalis).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

megaclone
type: Class
subclass of: desma
definition: Arch-shaped desma with a short crepis. The zygomes vary from oblique lateral facets to tongue- or hand-like terminal expansions
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: megaclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Arch-shaped desma with a short crepis. The zygomes vary from oblique lateral facets to tongue- or hand-like terminal expansions
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

megarhizoclone
type: Class
subclass of: dicranoclone
definition: Nontuberculate dicranoclone desma
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: megarhizoclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Nontuberculate dicranoclone desma
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

mesolamella
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
definition: Sheet of collagen separating the choanochambers of hexactinellids.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: mesolamella
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sheet of collagen separating the choanochambers of hexactinellids.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

mesotriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
definition: A triaene in which the rhabd is extended beyond the cladome
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: mesotriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene in which the rhabd is extended beyond the cladome
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

mesotrider
type: Class
subclass of: tetraclone
definition: Tetraclone with a mesotriaene crepis.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: mesotrider
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tetraclone with a mesotriaene crepis.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

metaster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A microsclere with a twisted shaft no longer than the spines; intermediate between plesiaster and spi raster
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: metaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A microsclere with a twisted shaft no longer than the spines; intermediate between plesiaster and spi raster
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

micro-
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Prefix used for naming microscleres that are similar in shape to megascleres (e.g., microxea, microstyle).
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: micro-
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prefix used for naming microscleres that are similar in shape to megascleres (e.g., microxea, microstyle).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microanchor
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: tetractine
definition: A small tetractine anchor (described only from the atrial skeleton).
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: microanchor
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A small tetractine anchor (described only from the atrial skeleton).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microcionid
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
definition: Structure of microcionid sponges in which spicules project from an elevation of the basal plate of spongin
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: microcionid
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Structure of microcionid sponges in which spicules project from an elevation of the basal plate of spongin
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microdiactin spicule
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
definition: A small diactine spicule
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: microdiactin spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A small diactine spicule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microgranular cell
type: Class
subclass of: granular cell
definition: A cell with cytoplasm filled with small dense granules
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: microgranular cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A cell with cytoplasm filled with small dense granules
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microgranular microstructure
type: Class
subclass of: microstructure
definition: Diverse structure in which small, round elements are scattered
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: microgranular microstructure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Diverse structure in which small, round elements are scattered
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microhexactin
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Hexactin microsclere.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: microhexactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexactin microsclere.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microholactin
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Large category of microscleres lacking spines and appendages (Monorhaphis)
has_related_synonym: holactin
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: microholactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Large category of microscleres lacking spines and appendages (Monorhaphis)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microlamellar microstructure
type: Class
subclass of: microstructure
definition: Structure in which the crystal fibers are disposed in criss-cross layers, mostly parallel to the surface of the skeleton (e.g., genus Acanthochaetetes)
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: microlamellar microstructure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Structure in which the crystal fibers are disposed in criss-cross layers, mostly parallel to the surface of the skeleton (e.g., genus Acanthochaetetes)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

micropyle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000466
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: gemmule
definition: Opening in the gemmule coat through which cells leave a hatching gemmule (mp in figure).
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: micropyle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Opening in the gemmule coat through which cells leave a hatching gemmule (mp in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microrhabd
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A general term for a straight, monaxonic microsclere.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: microrhabd
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A general term for a straight, monaxonic microsclere.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microstructure
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000480
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: crystal
definition: The arrangement of crystals that form the skeletal components, as seen without special preparations.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: microstructure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The arrangement of crystals that form the skeletal components, as seen without special preparations.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

microsymbiont
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Class
  union of: GO_0005623
  union of: UBERON_0000468
definition: Prokaryotic or more rarely eukaryotic microorganism living inside a sponge. May be unicellular or multicellular filamentous, with or without pigments, and may occur intra- or intercellularly
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: microsymbiont
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prokaryotic or more rarely eukaryotic microorganism living inside a sponge. May be unicellular or multicellular filamentous, with or without pigments, and may occur intra- or intercellularly
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

monaene
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: tetractine
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002180
    qualified cardinality: 1
    on class: clad
subclass of: tetractine
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: variant of
  some values from: triaene
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: clad
definition: Reduced triaene with only one clad
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: monaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Reduced triaene with only one clad
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

monaxonic megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Linear, nonradiate spicule, or a spicule type not having more than two rays along one axis.
has_related_synonym: monaxon
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: monaxonic megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Linear, nonradiate spicule, or a spicule type not having more than two rays along one axis.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

mucronate megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Adjective referring to the nipple-like point of a megasclere. See OXEA.
has_related_synonym: mucronate
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: mucronate megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adjective referring to the nipple-like point of a megasclere. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: mucronate megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: mucronate
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

multispicular fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  min qualified cardinality: 6
  on class: spicule
definition: Fiber or tract composed of six or more spicules adjacent to one another.
has_broad_synonym: multispicular fiber tract
has_related_synonym: plurispicular
has_related_synonym: polyserial
has_related_synonym: polyspicular
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: multispicular fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fiber or tract composed of six or more spicules adjacent to one another.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

needle-like biradiate
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
definition: A diactine with a hole at one end
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: needle-like biradiate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A diactine with a hole at one end
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

node
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: spongin
definition: Junction of spicule tips cemented by spongin.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: node
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Junction of spicule tips cemented by spongin.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

nurse cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: reproductive system
definition: Cells that are incorporated in developing oocytes to provide nutrient material for further growth
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: nurse cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cells that are incorporated in developing oocytes to provide nutrient material for further growth
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

octactin
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  qualified cardinality: 8
  on class: spicule ray
definition: Spicule with eight rays, generally six in one plane, the other two perpendicular to them.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: octactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule with eight rays, generally six in one plane, the other two perpendicular to them.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

octaster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Octactin microsclere with branched rays.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: octaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Octactin microsclere with branched rays.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

olynthus stage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000105
definition: Earliest developmental stage with a functional aquiferous system, with a single choanocyte chamber opening directly into the osculum; typical of some calcareous sponges
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: olynthus stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Earliest developmental stage with a functional aquiferous system, with a single choanocyte chamber opening directly into the osculum; typical of some calcareous sponges
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

onychaete
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A long, thin, finely spined, asymmetric microsclere
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: onychaete
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A long, thin, finely spined, asymmetric microsclere
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

onychaster
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster with terminal rays ending in four actins that are perpendicular to the rays
has_related_synonym: onychohexactin
has_related_synonym: onychohexaster
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: onychaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster with terminal rays ending in four actins that are perpendicular to the rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

optic axis
type: Class
subclass of: ray axis
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: calcareous spicule
definition: The crystallographic trigonal axis of the calcite spicule.
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: optic axis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The crystallographic trigonal axis of the calcite spicule.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

orthodiactin
type: Class
subclass of: diactin
definition: Diactin in which the two rays belong to different axes of a triaxon and form an angle of 90 degrees
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: orthodiactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Diactin in which the two rays belong to different axes of a triaxon and form an angle of 90 degrees
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

orthogonal microstructure
type: Class
subclass of: microstructure
definition: Microstructure in which the crystal fibers are in perpendicular and radial orientation relative to a central axis
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: orthogonal microstructure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Microstructure in which the crystal fibers are in perpendicular and radial orientation relative to a central axis
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

orthotriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
definition: A triaene in which the clads are directed at right angles to the rhabd
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: orthotriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene in which the clads are directed at right angles to the rhabd
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ovate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Egg shaped, ellipsoid (Cinachyrella)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: ovate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Egg shaped, ellipsoid (Cinachyrella)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

oviparity
type: Class
subclass of: mode of reproduction
definition: Mode of reproduction in which embryo develops outside the parent sponge.
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: oviparity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Mode of reproduction in which embryo develops outside the parent sponge.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

oxea
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
disjoint with: microstrongyle
definition: Monaxon (diactinal) spicule pointed at both ends (a-m in figure). Different types are distinguished by shape and tip morphology. Shape may be fusiform (a), angulate (b), centrotylote (c), curved (d), or flexuous (e). Tips may be acerate (f), asymmetrical (g), blunt (h), conical (i), hastate (j), mucronate (k), stepped (1), or symmetrical (m).
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: oxea
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Monaxon (diactinal) spicule pointed at both ends (a-m in figure). Different types are distinguished by shape and tip morphology. Shape may be fusiform (a), angulate (b), centrotylote (c), curved (d), or flexuous (e). Tips may be acerate (f), asymmetrical (g), blunt (h), conical (i), hastate (j), mucronate (k), stepped (1), or symmetrical (m).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

oxy-
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Prefix referring to radiate spicule types with rays gradually tapering to a point.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: oxy-
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Prefix referring to radiate spicule types with rays gradually tapering to a point.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

oxyaster
type: Class
subclass of: euaster
definition: An euaster with acerate free rays and a small centrum less than one-third the diameter of the whole spicule)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: oxyaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An euaster with acerate free rays and a small centrum less than one-third the diameter of the whole spicule)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

paired actine
type: Class
subclass of: actine ray
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: sagittal spicule
definition: One or both equivalent rays of a sagittal spicule.
has_related_synonym: oral
has_related_synonym: oral/oscular ray
has_related_synonym: oscular
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: paired actine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: One or both equivalent rays of a sagittal spicule.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: paired actine
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: oral
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

Axiom
annotated source: paired actine
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: oscular
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

palisade
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: ectosomal spicule
definition: Perpendicular arrangement of ectosomal spicules, with points directed outward
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: palisade
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Perpendicular arrangement of ectosomal spicules, with points directed outward
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

palmate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Hand shaped (Isodictya palmata)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: palmate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hand shaped (Isodictya palmata)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

palmate chela
type: Class
subclass of: chela
definition: An iso- or anisochela in which the lateral alae coalesce with the shaft over their entire length, and the single, median, anterior ala (one at each end) stands free and widens distally
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: palmate chela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An iso- or anisochela in which the lateral alae coalesce with the shaft over their entire length, and the single, median, anterior ala (one at each end) stands free and widens distally
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

palmodigitate
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: To be rejected (tautology).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: palmodigitate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: To be rejected (tautology).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

papilla
type: Class
subclass of: surface protruberance
definition: Nipple-like protuberance projecting from the sponge surface and bearing either ostia, oscula, or both.
has_related_synonym: aquiferous papilla
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: papilla
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Nipple-like protuberance projecting from the sponge surface and bearing either ostia, oscula, or both.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

papillate surface
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: sponge surface
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: papilla
subclass of: sponge surface
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: papilla
definition: Surface bearing papillae (Polymastia spp.)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: papillate surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface bearing papillae (Polymastia spp.)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pappocome
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Graphicome-like spicule with diverging terminal rays
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: pappocome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Graphicome-like spicule with diverging terminal rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

parasagittal spicule
type: Class
subclass of: calcareous spicule
definition: Bilaterally symmetrical triactine or tetractine with unequal actines, having equal angles (120 degrees) between the basal rays when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis.
has_related_synonym: secondary sagittal spicule
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: parasagittal spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Bilaterally symmetrical triactine or tetractine with unequal actines, having equal angles (120 degrees) between the basal rays when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: parasagittal spicule
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: secondary sagittal spicule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

paratangential skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Arrangement of ectosomal spicules intermediate between the palisade and tangential type
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: paratangential skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Arrangement of ectosomal spicules intermediate between the palisade and tangential type
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

parchment
type: Class
subclass of: ectosomal skeleton
definition: Tangential ectosomal skeleton in which the megascleres are arranged in a tight feltwork
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: parchment
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tangential ectosomal skeleton in which the megascleres are arranged in a tight feltwork
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

parenchymalia
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: choanosome
definition: All spicules in the choanosome
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: parenchymalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: All spicules in the choanosome
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

parenchymella
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larva
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: envelope of flagellated cells
definition: Larva composed of an envelope of flagellated cells surrounding an internal mass of cells
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: parenchymella
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Larva composed of an envelope of flagellated cells surrounding an internal mass of cells
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

paucispicular fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  min qualified cardinality: 2
  on class: megasclere
definition: Fiber or tract with two to five megascleres adjacent to one another
has_broad_synonym: paucispicular fiber tract
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: paucispicular fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fiber or tract with two to five megascleres adjacent to one another
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pedunculate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Supported by a short stalk containing choanosome (Aplysina pedunculata)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: pedunculate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Supported by a short stalk containing choanosome (Aplysina pedunculata)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pentactin
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002180
    qualified cardinality: 5
    on class: spicule ray
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 5
  on class: spicule ray
definition: Five-rayed spicule.
has_exact_synonym: pentact
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: pentactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Five-rayed spicule.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: pentactin
annotated property: has_exact_synonym
annotated target: pentact
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

phyllotriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
definition: A triaene with a leaf-shaped cladome.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: phyllotriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene with a leaf-shaped cladome.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pillar
type: Class
subclass of: skeletal element of sponge
definition: Radial skeletal component, relatively short compared with COLUMN
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: pillar
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Radial skeletal component, relatively short compared with COLUMN
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pinnate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Feather shaped (Asbestopluma pennatula)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: pinnate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Feather shaped (Asbestopluma pennatula)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pinule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Class
  union of: hexactin
  union of: pentactin
definition: Pentact or hexact spicule with four basal rays and one perpendicular ray ornamented by obliquely set spines directed distally.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: pinule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Pentact or hexact spicule with four basal rays and one perpendicular ray ornamented by obliquely set spines directed distally.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pith
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: fiber
definition: Central area of a fiber made up of more or less diffuse wisps of collagen or of a coarsely granular collagen material. See PITHED FIBER.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: pith
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Central area of a fiber made up of more or less diffuse wisps of collagen or of a coarsely granular collagen material. See PITHED FIBER.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pithed fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: pith
definition: A fiber in which pith is easily distinguished from the surrounding bark.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: pithed fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A fiber in which pith is easily distinguished from the surrounding bark.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

placochela
type: Class
subclass of: isochela
definition: A special type of isochela with plate-like alae. The alae and the shaft are internally ornamented by radial ridges (genus Guitarra)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: placochela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A special type of isochela with plate-like alae. The alae and the shaft are internally ornamented by radial ridges (genus Guitarra)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

plagiotriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
definition: A triaene in which the clads are directed forward and form with the rhabd an angle of about 45 degrees, and may be recurved distally
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: plagiotriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene in which the clads are directed forward and form with the rhabd an angle of about 45 degrees, and may be recurved distally
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

platy
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001
definition: Thickly lamellate, usually in horizontal orientation.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: platy
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Thickly lamellate, usually in horizontal orientation.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

plesiaster
type: Class
subclass of: streptaster
definition: A streptaster with a very short shaft (always shorter than the spines)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: plesiaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A streptaster with a very short shaft (always shorter than the spines)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pleuralia
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicules protruding from lateral surface.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: pleuralia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules protruding from lateral surface.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

plumoreticulate skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: A type of plumose skeletal construction in which cross-connections occur
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: plumoreticulate skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A type of plumose skeletal construction in which cross-connections occur
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

plumose skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: A type of skeletal construction made of primary fibers or spicule tracts from which skeletal elements radiate obliquely
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: plumose skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A type of skeletal construction made of primary fibers or spicule tracts from which skeletal elements radiate obliquely
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pocket cell
type: Class
subclass of: bacteriocyte
definition: Special kind of bacteriocyte that surrounds an area of the intercellular matrix, including microsymbionts
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: pocket cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Special kind of bacteriocyte that surrounds an area of the intercellular matrix, including microsymbionts
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

polymorphic
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Occurring in different shapes.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: polymorphic
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Occurring in different shapes.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

polytylote megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Megasclere with several annular swelling along its shaft
has_related_synonym: polytylote
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: polytylote megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Megasclere with several annular swelling along its shaft
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: polytylote megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: polytylote
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

pore groove
type: Class
subclass of: groove, pit or depression
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: ectosome
definition: A furrow in the ectosome where the ostia are located
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: pore groove
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A furrow in the ectosome where the ostia are located
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pore sieve
type: Class
subclass of: groove, pit or depression
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: ectosome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: vestibule
definition: A specialized area of the ectosome with a cluster of ostia and an underlying inhalant cavity called the vestibule
has_related_synonym: chone (uniporal chone
has_related_synonym: crible @fr
has_related_synonym: cribriporal chone)
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: pore sieve
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A specialized area of the ectosome with a cluster of ostia and an underlying inhalant cavity called the vestibule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

porocalyx
type: Class
subclass of: groove, pit or depression
definition: Cup-shaped depressions with pore-sieves, typical of some genera of Tetillidae
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: porocalyx
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cup-shaped depressions with pore-sieves, typical of some genera of Tetillidae
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

posterior pole
type: Class
subclass of: pole of larva
definition: Pole opposite to anterior pole when larva is swimming, often without flagella.
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: posterior pole
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Pole opposite to anterior pole when larva is swimming, often without flagella.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

posticum
type: Class
subclass of: osculum
definition: Cf. apopore (= osculum); in fossil sponges.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: posticum
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cf. apopore (= osculum); in fossil sponges.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

primary fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
definition: An ascending fiber ending at a right angle to the surface
has_related_synonym: ascending fiber/tract/line
has_related_synonym: longitudinal fiber/tract
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: primary fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An ascending fiber ending at a right angle to the surface
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

primary calcareous skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: calcareous skeleton
definition: Initially formed skeletal components
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: primary calcareous skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Initially formed skeletal components
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

primary spicule
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: The major structural megasclere in any particular sponge.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: primary spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The major structural megasclere in any particular sponge.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

primary spicule framework
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of megascleres
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: primary spicule
definition: Framework of spicules around which a cement is deposited
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: primary spicule framework
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Framework of spicules around which a cement is deposited
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

principalia
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
definition: Spicules making up main skeletal framework
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: principalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules making up main skeletal framework
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

prosochete
type: Class
subclass of: inhalant canal
definition: In fossil sponges, inhalant canal leading to prosopore.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: prosochete
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In fossil sponges, inhalant canal leading to prosopore.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

prosodus
type: Class
subclass of: inhalant canal
definition: A small inhalant canal leading to a prosopyle.
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: prosodus
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A small inhalant canal leading to a prosopyle.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

prosopinacocyte
type: Class
subclass of: endopinacocyte
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: inhalant canal
definition: Endopinacocyte lining the inhalant canals.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: prosopinacocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Endopinacocyte lining the inhalant canals.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

prosopinacoderm
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: sponge surface
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: lined by
    some values from: prosopinacocyte
subclass of: endopinacoderm
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: lined by
  some values from: prosopinacocyte
definition: Surface lined by prosopinacocytes.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: prosopinacoderm
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface lined by prosopinacocytes.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

prostalia
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
definition: Spicules protruding from a surface
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: prostalia
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicules protruding from a surface
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

protoclad
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: actine ray
definition: The proximal, unbranched portion of a branched ray. See DICHOTRIAENE.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: protoclad
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The proximal, unbranched portion of a branched ray. See DICHOTRIAENE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

protorhabd
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
definition: The original simple shaft of ornamented monaxons and of triaenes.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: protorhabd
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The original simple shaft of ornamented monaxons and of triaenes.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

protriaene
type: Class
subclass of: triaene
definition: A triaene in which the clads are directed or sharply curved forward, away from the rhabd
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: protriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene in which the clads are directed or sharply curved forward, away from the rhabd
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pseudocalyx
type: Class
subclass of: skeletal element of sponge
definition: One of a group of skeletal tubes - closely packed together, mostly hexagonal in shape and containing the live material - that resemble the calices or corallites of cnidarians.
has_related_synonym: calyx
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: pseudocalyx
annotated property: definition
annotated target: One of a group of skeletal tubes - closely packed together, mostly hexagonal in shape and containing the live material - that resemble the calices or corallites of cnidarians.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pseudogemmule
type: Class
subclass of: multicellular anatomical structure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: calcareous skeleton
definition: Accumulation of gemmular archaeocytes (crypt cells, tract cells) in basal cavities of a solid calcareous skeleton
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: pseudogemmule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Accumulation of gemmular archaeocytes (crypt cells, tract cells) in basal cavities of a solid calcareous skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pseudosagittal spicule
type: Class
subclass of: subcortical spicule
subclass of: triactine
definition: A subcortical triactine essentially sagittal, but having unequally long and differently curved rays on each side of the unpaired angle
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: pseudosagittal spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A subcortical triactine essentially sagittal, but having unequally long and differently curved rays on each side of the unpaired angle
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

punctate surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface appearing dotted because of microscopic pores.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: punctate surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface appearing dotted because of microscopic pores.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

pycnaster
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: A small euaster in which the rays are merely low conules; to be rejected.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: pycnaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A small euaster in which the rays are merely low conules; to be rejected.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

radiate skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: A type of skeleton in which the structural components diverge from a central region toward the sponge surface
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: radiate skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A type of skeleton in which the structural components diverge from a central region toward the sponge surface
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

raphide
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A very thin, hair-like microsclere, often in bundles called trichodragmas
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: raphide
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A very thin, hair-like microsclere, often in bundles called trichodragmas
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

reduction body
type: Class
subclass of: multicellular anatomical structure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002215
  some values from: GO_0022414
definition: A multicellular mass resulting from the disorganization of a sponge and presumably capable of reorganizing into a new functional sponge.
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: reduction body
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A multicellular mass resulting from the disorganization of a sponge and presumably capable of reorganizing into a new functional sponge.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

regular spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Triactine or tetractine spicule with basal rays of equal length, and with equal angles (120 degrees) between them, when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: regular spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Triactine or tetractine spicule with basal rays of equal length, and with equal angles (120 degrees) between them, when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

repent
type: Class
subclass of: relationship to substrate
definition: Growing along or just above the substrate, simple or branching, attaching to the substrate at intervals (Hali clona simulans)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: repent
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Growing along or just above the substrate, simple or branching, attaching to the substrate at intervals (Hali clona simulans)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

resilient
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Resumes original shape after deformation.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: resilient
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Resumes original shape after deformation.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

reticulate skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
definition: Three-dimensional network of fibers, tracts, lines, or single spicules.
has_related_synonym: renieroid skeleton
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: reticulate skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Three-dimensional network of fibers, tracts, lines, or single spicules.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rhabd
type: Class
subclass of: spicule ray
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: triaene
definition: A collective term for a monaxonic megasclere, later applied to the one ray of a triaene that is distinct from the other three, mostly in length (= rhabdome).
has_related_synonym: rhabdome
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: rhabd
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A collective term for a monaxonic megasclere, later applied to the one ray of a triaene that is distinct from the other three, mostly in length (= rhabdome).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rhabdodiactin
type: Class
subclass of: diactin
definition: Diactin in which the two rays are aligned in a single axis.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: rhabdodiactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Diactin in which the two rays are aligned in a single axis.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rhabdome
type: Class
subclass of: rhabd
definition: The rhabd of a triaene and of a triaene-derived spicule.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: rhabdome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The rhabd of a triaene and of a triaene-derived spicule.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rhabdostyle
type: Class
subclass of: style
definition: A style with a pronounced basal bend.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: rhabdostyle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A style with a pronounced basal bend.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rhagon stage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000105
definition: Earliest functional stage with multiple choanocyte chambers and aquiferous canals, typical for Demospongiae
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: rhagon stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Earliest functional stage with multiple choanocyte chambers and aquiferous canals, typical for Demospongiae
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rhizoclone
type: Class
subclass of: monaxial desma
definition: Nontuberculate irregular monaxial desma, with spiny to root-like zygomes that are usually mainly lateral
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: rhizoclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Nontuberculate irregular monaxial desma, with spiny to root-like zygomes that are usually mainly lateral
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

ribbed surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface with series of ridges (Xestospongia muta) ; ridges not necessarily parallel, as in CORRUGATED.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: ribbed surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface with series of ridges (Xestospongia muta) ; ridges not necessarily parallel, as in CORRUGATED.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rigid aspicular skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: rigid skeleton
definition: Skeleton that originates from the direct secretion of aspicular elements made up of calcium carbonate; siliceous or calcareous spicules may be secondarily entrapped in the skeleton during the growth process (sk in figure).
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: rigid aspicular skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeleton that originates from the direct secretion of aspicular elements made up of calcium carbonate; siliceous or calcareous spicules may be secondarily entrapped in the skeleton during the growth process (sk in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rigid spicular skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: rigid skeleton
definition: A skeleton in which the main framework is first made up of fused or linked spicules that may later be invested by an aspicular cement
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: rigid spicular skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A skeleton in which the main framework is first made up of fused or linked spicules that may later be invested by an aspicular cement
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rooted
type: Class
subclass of: relationship to substrate
definition: Anchored to or into substrate with root-like processes (Pheronema grayi).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: rooted
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Anchored to or into substrate with root-like processes (Pheronema grayi).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rubbery
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Resilient and tough.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: rubbery
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Resilient and tough.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

rugose surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Having a rough and ridged surface (Topsentia spp.)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: rugose surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Having a rough and ridged surface (Topsentia spp.)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sagittal spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Triactine or tetractine with two equal angles (paired angles) and one dissimilar angle (unpaired angle) at the center, when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis.
has_related_synonym: primary sagittal spicule
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: sagittal spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Triactine or tetractine with two equal angles (paired angles) and one dissimilar angle (unpaired angle) at the center, when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: sagittal spicule
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: primary sagittal spicule
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

sanidaster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: rhabd
definition: A rhabd-derived, straight microsclere having spines at intervals along the entire length. Spines along the shaft are perpendicular to the axis and may or may not be spirally arranged; those at the ends diverge obliquely (e.g., genera Tribrachium, Disyringa)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: sanidaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A rhabd-derived, straight microsclere having spines at intervals along the entire length. Spines along the shaft are perpendicular to the axis and may or may not be spirally arranged; those at the ends diverge obliquely (e.g., genera Tribrachium, Disyringa)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sarule
type: Class
subclass of: sceptrule
definition: Sceptrule with one end swollen and ornamented with distally directed spines
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: sarule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sceptrule with one end swollen and ornamented with distally directed spines
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

scale
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Disc-shaped microsclere forming ectosomal ('dermal') armor (genus Lepidosphera)
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: scale
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Disc-shaped microsclere forming ectosomal ('dermal') armor (genus Lepidosphera)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

scepter
type: Class
subclass of: marginalia
definition: Uncinate marginalia, with spiny shaft acerated at one end; terminating in four very short actins at the other (Pheronematidae, genus Semperella)
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: scepter
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Uncinate marginalia, with spiny shaft acerated at one end; terminating in four very short actins at the other (Pheronematidae, genus Semperella)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sceptrule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: A small, prostal monactin spicule exhibiting peculiar secondary developments at one end (order Hexactinosa).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: sceptrule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A small, prostal monactin spicule exhibiting peculiar secondary developments at one end (order Hexactinosa).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

schizorhysis
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000467
definition: In fossil sponges, continuous system of interconected canal spaces (Tretodictyidae).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: schizorhysis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In fossil sponges, continuous system of interconected canal spaces (Tretodictyidae).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sclerodermite
type: Class
subclass of: microstructure
definition: Aggregate of crystals forming a microstructural unit of the calcareous skeleton
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: sclerodermite
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aggregate of crystals forming a microstructural unit of the calcareous skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

scopule
type: Class
subclass of: sceptrule
definition: Fork-like sceptrule with one end branched (leptoscopule, pachyscopule).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: scopule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fork-like sceptrule with one end branched (leptoscopule, pachyscopule).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

secondary fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
definition: In a reticulate skeleton, a fiber that links the primary fibers.
has_broad_synonym: connective tract
has_related_synonym: connective fiber
has_related_synonym: fibers
has_related_synonym: lines
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: secondary fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In a reticulate skeleton, a fiber that links the primary fibers.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

secondary calcareous skeleton
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: calcareous skeleton
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002202
    some values from: primary calcareous skeleton
subclass of: calcareous skeleton
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: primary calcareous skeleton
definition: Skeletal components formed after the deposition of the primary calcareous skeleton
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: secondary calcareous skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeletal components formed after the deposition of the primary calcareous skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

selenaster
type: Class
subclass of: spiraster (= spinispira)
definition: A special type of spiraster approaching the shape of a sterraster (genus Placospongia)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: selenaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A special type of spiraster approaching the shape of a sterraster (genus Placospongia)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sessile
type: Class
subclass of: relationship to substrate
definition: Permanently attached to substrate.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: sessile
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Permanently attached to substrate.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sieve plate
type: Class
subclass of: plate
definition: Perforated plate that extends over the broad terminal opening of some tubular-shaped Hexactinellida (Euplectella). See "Architecture and Spicules of Hexactinellida"
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: sieve plate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Perforated plate that extends over the broad terminal opening of some tubular-shaped Hexactinellida (Euplectella). See "Architecture and Spicules of Hexactinellida"
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sigma
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A microsclere of C or S shape
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: sigma
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A microsclere of C or S shape
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sigmaspire
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A contorted-sigmoid microspined microsclere (family Tetillidae)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: sigmaspire
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A contorted-sigmoid microspined microsclere (family Tetillidae)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sigmatocome
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster with long, S-shaped terminal rays (Dictyaulus)
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: sigmatocome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster with long, S-shaped terminal rays (Dictyaulus)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: organism subdivision
definition: All structures supporting and protecting the sponge body.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae. The skeleton of sponges consists of microscopic calcareous or silicious spicules. The demosponges include 90% of all species of sponges. Their "skeletons" are made of spicules consisting of fibers of the protein spongin, the mineral silica, or both. Where spicules of silica are present, they have a different shape from those in the otherwise similar glass sponges[WP].

Axiom
annotated source: skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: All structures supporting and protecting the sponge body.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

smooth surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface without any projections (Chondrosia reniformis).
has_related_synonym: glabrous
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: smooth surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface without any projections (Chondrosia reniformis).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

soft
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Yielding to pressure, easily torn.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: soft
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Yielding to pressure, easily torn.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spatuliferous-anchorate chela
type: Class
subclass of: anchorate chela
definition: An anchorate chela (usually isochela) having alae that are completely free from the shaft and that are spatulate or shaped like anchor teeth
has_related_synonym: ancora spatulifera
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: spatuliferous-anchorate chela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An anchorate chela (usually isochela) having alae that are completely free from the shaft and that are spatulate or shaped like anchor teeth
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spermiocyst
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Modified, encysted spermatozoid transported by a carrier cell to the oocyte
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: spermiocyst
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Modified, encysted spermatozoid transported by a carrier cell to the oocyte
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sphaerancora
type: Class
subclass of: isochela
definition: Modified isochela, consisting of two ellipsoid ridged plates intersecting at right angles (genus Melonanchora)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: sphaerancora
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Modified isochela, consisting of two ellipsoid ridged plates intersecting at right angles (genus Melonanchora)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sphaeroclone
type: Class
subclass of: anaxial desma
definition: Anaxial desma in which several ray-like arms extend from one side of a globular centrum that is spiny on the other side
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: sphaeroclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Anaxial desma in which several ray-like arms extend from one side of a globular centrum that is spiny on the other side
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sphaerohexactin (sphaerohexact)
type: Class
subclass of: hexactin
definition: Hexactin with rays ending in spherical knobs
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: sphaerohexactin (sphaerohexact)
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexactin with rays ending in spherical knobs
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sphaerohexaster
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Hexaster with terminal rays ending in spherical knobs
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: sphaerohexaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexaster with terminal rays ending in spherical knobs
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spheraster
type: Class
subclass of: euaster
definition: An euaster with short rays and a thick centrum; the diameter of the centrum (more than one-half the total diameter) exceeds the length of the rays
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: spheraster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An euaster with short rays and a thick centrum; the diameter of the centrum (more than one-half the total diameter) exceeds the length of the rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spheroxyaster
type: Class
subclass of: euaster
definition: Euaster with a discrete centrum that is more than one-third the total diameter
has_related_synonym: oxyspheraster
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: spheroxyaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Euaster with a discrete centrum that is more than one-third the total diameter
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spherulitic microstructure
type: Class
subclass of: microstructure
definition: Globular (centric or excentric) arrangement of crystal fibers radiating from a common center (e.g., genus Astrosclerd)
has_exact_synonym: spheroidal
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: spherulitic microstructure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Globular (centric or excentric) arrangement of crystal fibers radiating from a common center (e.g., genus Astrosclerd)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: spherulitic microstructure
annotated property: has_exact_synonym
annotated target: spheroidal
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spherulous cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell
definition: Cell filled with large round spherules that occupy almost the entire cell body, compressing the cytoplasm into thin sheets (sp in figure).
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: spherulous cell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cell filled with large round spherules that occupy almost the entire cell body, compressing the cytoplasm into thin sheets (sp in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spiculation
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001
definition: General term for spicule complement.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: spiculation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: General term for spicule complement.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spiculoid spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: A spongin component of the skeleton that has the form of a diactinal, triactinal, or polyactinal spicule
has_related_synonym: spongin spicule
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: spiculoid spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A spongin component of the skeleton that has the form of a diactinal, triactinal, or polyactinal spicule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spiny surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface with scattered, stiff, and sharp spicular or fiber projections (Pleraplysilla spinifera)
has_related_synonym: muricate
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: spiny surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface with scattered, stiff, and sharp spicular or fiber projections (Pleraplysilla spinifera)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spiraster (= spinispira)
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Spiral, rod-shaped microsclere with spines peripherally arranged.
has_related_synonym: spinispira
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: spiraster (= spinispira)
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spiral, rod-shaped microsclere with spines peripherally arranged.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

spirodiscohexaster
type: Class
subclass of: discohexaster
definition: Discohexaster with a bunch of terminal, spirally twisted rays (genus Rhabdodictyum)
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: spirodiscohexaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Discohexaster with a bunch of terminal, spirally twisted rays (genus Rhabdodictyum)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

statoblast
type: Class
subclass of: gemmule
definition: Particular gemmule that lacks a complex spongin coat and is covered externally by megascleres; typical of the freshwater Potamolepidae.
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: statoblast
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Particular gemmule that lacks a complex spongin coat and is covered externally by megascleres; typical of the freshwater Potamolepidae.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

stauractin
type: Class
subclass of: hexactin
definition: Reduced hexactin with four rays all arranged in one plane
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: stauractin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Reduced hexactin with four rays all arranged in one plane
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

stauraster
type: Class
subclass of: hexaster
definition: Reduced hexaster with four rays all arranged in one plane
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: stauraster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Reduced hexaster with four rays all arranged in one plane
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

stepped megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Adjective referring to the extremities of a megasclere. See OXEA.
has_related_synonym: stepped
has_related_synonym: telescoped
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: stepped megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adjective referring to the extremities of a megasclere. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: stepped megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: stepped
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

Axiom
annotated source: stepped megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: telescoped
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

sterraster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: A spherical or ellipsoidal microsclere in which the numerous rays are fused and end in stellate terminations (e.g., genus Geodia).
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: sterraster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A spherical or ellipsoidal microsclere in which the numerous rays are fused and end in stellate terminations (e.g., genus Geodia).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sterrospheraster
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Ball-shaped euaster with numerous conical or flattened, often denticulate or tuberculate protuberances; to be rejected. See STERRASTER.
term replaced by: PORO:0000557
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: sterrospheraster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Ball-shaped euaster with numerous conical or flattened, often denticulate or tuberculate protuberances; to be rejected. See STERRASTER.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

stipitate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001
definition: Supported by a long stalk (Stylocordyla stipitata)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: stipitate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Supported by a long stalk (Stylocordyla stipitata)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

stoloniferous
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001
definition: Condition in which distinct, massive parts of a sponge are interconnected by repent, rope-like structures (Haliclona tubifera).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: stoloniferous
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Condition in which distinct, massive parts of a sponge are interconnected by repent, rope-like structures (Haliclona tubifera).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

stomoblastula stage
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000105
definition: Developmental stage of amphiblastulas that precedes the reversion stage and is characterized by internal flagella and a large opening through which the eversion occurs
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: stomoblastula stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Developmental stage of amphiblastulas that precedes the reversion stage and is characterized by internal flagella and a large opening through which the eversion occurs
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

streptaster
type: Class
subclass of: aster
definition: Aster in which the rays proceed from an axis that is usually spiral
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: streptaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aster in which the rays proceed from an axis that is usually spiral
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

strobiloplumicome
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001
definition: Plumicome with numerous slender terminal rays arranged in two concentric circles
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: strobiloplumicome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Plumicome with numerous slender terminal rays arranged in two concentric circles
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

strongylaster (= chiaster)
type: Class
subclass of: aster
definition: Aster with free, isodiametric, blunt rays
has_related_synonym: chiaster
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: strongylaster (= chiaster)
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aster with free, isodiametric, blunt rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

strongyle
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
definition: An isodiametric, diactinal megasclere with rounded ends
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: strongyle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An isodiametric, diactinal megasclere with rounded ends
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

strongyloxea
type: Class
subclass of: oxea
definition: A fusiform oxea with one end blunt.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: strongyloxea
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A fusiform oxea with one end blunt.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

style
type: Class
subclass of: monactine
definition: Monaxon spicule with one end pointed, the other (head or base) blunt
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae. NOTE: wp says megasclere

Axiom
annotated source: style
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Monaxon spicule with one end pointed, the other (head or base) blunt
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

subatrial spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002220
  some values from: atrial skeleton
definition: Sagittal spicule with paired rays adjacent to the atrial skeleton.
has_related_synonym: subgastral spicule
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: subatrial spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sagittal spicule with paired rays adjacent to the atrial skeleton.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: subatrial spicule
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: subgastral spicule
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

subcortical spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Class
  union of: tetractine
  union of: triactine
definition: A pseudosagittal triactine, with unpaired actine and a shorter paired actine adjacent to the cortex, or a tetractine with basal triradiate system adjacent to the cortex.
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: subcortical spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A pseudosagittal triactine, with unpaired actine and a shorter paired actine adjacent to the cortex, or a tetractine with basal triradiate system adjacent to the cortex.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

subdermal spicule
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Term to be rejected. See SUBCORTICAL SPICULE.
term replaced by: PORO:0000569
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: subdermal spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Term to be rejected. See SUBCORTICAL SPICULE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

subgastral spicule
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Term to be rejected. See SUBATRIAL SPICULE.
term replaced by: PORO:0000568
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: subgastral spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Term to be rejected. See SUBATRIAL SPICULE.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sublithistid skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: desma
definition: Skeleton consisting of a loose assemblage of desmas
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: sublithistid skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Skeleton consisting of a loose assemblage of desmas
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

subtylostyle
type: Class
subclass of: tylostyle
definition: Tylostyle with one end pointed, the other with a slight swelling or knob; the swelling, more or less distinct, may be displaced along the shaft
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: subtylostyle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tylostyle with one end pointed, the other with a slight swelling or knob; the swelling, more or less distinct, may be displaced along the shaft
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sulcate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Furrowed with longitudinal, or meandering (gyriform), parallel channels (Myrmekioderma styx)
has_related_synonym: gyriform
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: sulcate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Furrowed with longitudinal, or meandering (gyriform), parallel channels (Myrmekioderma styx)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

syconoid
type: Class
subclass of: aquiferous system
definition: Aquiferous system with elongated choanocyte chamber containing free distal cones or extending from cortex to atrium.
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: syconoid
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aquiferous system with elongated choanocyte chamber containing free distal cones or extending from cortex to atrium.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

sylleibid
type: Class
subclass of: aquiferous system
definition: Aquiferous system with elongate choanocyte chambers arranged radially around invagination of the atrial cavity (Leucilla uter)
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: sylleibid
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aquiferous system with elongate choanocyte chambers arranged radially around invagination of the atrial cavity (Leucilla uter)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

symmetrical megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
has_related_synonym: symmetrica
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: symmetrical megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: symmetrical megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: symmetrica
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

synapticule
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
definition: Bridges composed of siliceous cement joining spicules
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: synapticule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Bridges composed of siliceous cement joining spicules
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tabula
type: Class
subclass of: plate
definition: Plate or floor that partitions the basal part of a skeletal cavity (ta in figure).
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: tabula
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Plate or floor that partitions the basal part of a skeletal cavity (ta in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tabulate osculum
type: Class
subclass of: osculum
definition: Osculum in stromatoporoids that has been repeatedly partitioned by secondarily deposited tabulae.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: tabulate osculum
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Osculum in stromatoporoids that has been repeatedly partitioned by secondarily deposited tabulae.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tangential skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: ectosomal skeleton
definition: Ectosomal skeleton arranged parallel to the surface (figure shows upper right, view from the top).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tangential skeleton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Ectosomal skeleton arranged parallel to the surface (figure shows upper right, view from the top).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tangential spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicule arranged parallel to the surface.
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: tangential spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule arranged parallel to the surface.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tauactin
type: Class
subclass of: triactin
definition: Large, smooth triactin (genus Monorhaphis).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: tauactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Large, smooth triactin (genus Monorhaphis).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tertiary fiber
type: Class
subclass of: fiber
definition: In a reticulate skeleton, a fiber interconnecting the secondary fibers
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tertiary fiber
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In a reticulate skeleton, a fiber interconnecting the secondary fibers
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tetraclone
type: Class
subclass of: desma
definition: Tetraxial desma that does not show a triaenose symmetry; the zygomes are typically terminal.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: tetraclone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tetraxial desma that does not show a triaenose symmetry; the zygomes are typically terminal.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tetractin
type: Class
subclass of: tetractine
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 4
  on class: spicule ray
definition: Spicule with four rays in one plane
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: tetractin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule with four rays in one plane
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tetractine
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002180
    qualified cardinality: 4
    on class: spicule ray
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 4
  on class: spicule ray
definition: A spicule with four rays (in figure, sagittal tetractine at the top and regular tetractine at the bottom).
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: tetractine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A spicule with four rays (in figure, sagittal tetractine at the top and regular tetractine at the bottom).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tetradisc
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Microsclere with four actins ending in amphidisc like umbels
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: tetradisc
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Microsclere with four actins ending in amphidisc like umbels
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tetrapocillum
type: Class
subclass of: isochela
definition: A rare, modified isochela having two small disks both at the extremities and in the middle of a straight shaft; the two in the middle are fused (genus Tetrapocillon)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tetrapocillum
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A rare, modified isochela having two small disks both at the extremities and in the middle of a straight shaft; the two in the middle are fused (genus Tetrapocillon)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

thaumatochela
type: Class
subclass of: anisochela
definition: A rare, minute anisochela with the smaller extremity jar- or slipper-shaped and partly enveloped by four alae issuing from the opposite end and forming an umbrella-like structure (Mycale thaumatochela).
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: thaumatochela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A rare, minute anisochela with the smaller extremity jar- or slipper-shaped and partly enveloped by four alae issuing from the opposite end and forming an umbrella-like structure (Mycale thaumatochela).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

thesocyte
type: Class
subclass of: archaeocyte
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: gemmule
definition: Vitelline-rich archaeocyte in a sponge gemmule (th in figure).
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: thesocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Vitelline-rich archaeocyte in a sponge gemmule (th in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

thraustoxa
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Toxa-like, smooth to spinose microsclere, double- bent in the middle and often with central swelling (genus Rhabderemia)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: thraustoxa
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Toxa-like, smooth to spinose microsclere, double- bent in the middle and often with central swelling (genus Rhabderemia)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tignule
type: Class
subclass of: diactin
definition: Gigantic, isolated diactin (Hyalonema toxeres).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: tignule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Gigantic, isolated diactin (Hyalonema toxeres).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tornote
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
definition: A straight, isodiametric, diactinal megasclere with conical or mucronate extremities
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tornote
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A straight, isodiametric, diactinal megasclere with conical or mucronate extremities
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tough
type: Class
subclass of: structural quality
definition: Resistant to tearing (Ircinia).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: tough
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Resistant to tearing (Ircinia).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

toxa
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: Bow-shaped microsclere
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: toxa
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Bow-shaped microsclere
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

trabecular tissue
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000479
definition: Syncytia in hexactinellids occurring around the choanochambers.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: trabecular tissue
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Syncytia in hexactinellids occurring around the choanochambers.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tract
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of megascleres
definition: A column of aligned megascleres.
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tract
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A column of aligned megascleres.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

triactin
type: Class
subclass of: triactine
definition: Spicule with three rays in one plane
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: triactin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule with three rays in one plane
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

triactine
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002180
    qualified cardinality: 3
    on class: actine ray
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 3
  on class: actine ray
definition: A spicule with three rays.
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: triactine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A spicule with three rays.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

triaene
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
subclass of: tetractine
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: rhabd
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 3
  on class: clad
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 4
  on class: spicule ray
definition: General term for a tetractinal megasclere having one unequal ray (termed rhabd) that is commonly much longer than the other three (termed clads, forming the cladome).
has_exact_synonym: triaene megasclere
has_related_synonym: triaene
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: triaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: General term for a tetractinal megasclere having one unequal ray (termed rhabd) that is commonly much longer than the other three (termed clads, forming the cladome).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: triaene
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: triaene
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

triaxone
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: RO_0002180
    qualified cardinality: 3
    on class: ray axis
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002180
  qualified cardinality: 3
  on class: ray axis
definition: Spicule with three axes.
has_related_synonym: triaxon
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida. WP: Triaxons have three axes; in triods, each axis bears a similar ray; in pentacts, the triaxon has five rays, four of which lie in a single plane; and pinnules are pentacts with large spines on the non-planar ray - Eugenio Andri; Stefania Gerbaudo; Massimiliano Testa (2001).

Axiom
annotated source: triaxone
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule with three axes.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

trichaster
type: Class
subclass of: graphicome
definition: Graphicome (genus Trichasterina).
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: trichaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Graphicome (genus Trichasterina).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

trichimella
type: Class
subclass of: sponge larva
definition: Hexactinellid larva, distinguished by median zone with multiflagellated mononucleate cells between anterior and posterior poles; with special larval stauractin skeleton
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: trichimella
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hexactinellid larva, distinguished by median zone with multiflagellated mononucleate cells between anterior and posterior poles; with special larval stauractin skeleton
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

trichodragma
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of spicules
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: raphide
definition: A bundle of raphids.
has_related_synonym: dragma
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: trichodragma
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A bundle of raphids.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

trichotriaene
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: triaene
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: trifurcate clad
subclass of: triaene
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: trifurcate clad
definition: A triaene in which the clads are trifurcate.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: trichotriaene
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A triaene in which the clads are trifurcate.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

trichox
type: Class
subclass of: monaxonic megasclere
definition: Thin, hair-like straight monaxon spicules present in general around the osculum or protruding from the cortex.
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: trichox
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Thin, hair-like straight monaxon spicules present in general around the osculum or protruding from the cortex.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tridentate chela
type: Class
subclass of: chela
definition: A chela with three free alae. See also ANCHORATE CHELA.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tridentate chela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A chela with three free alae. See also ANCHORATE CHELA.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

trider
type: Class
subclass of: tetraclone
definition: Variant of tetraclone, with triaenose symmetry and three similar arms.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: trider
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Variant of tetraclone, with triaenose symmetry and three similar arms.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

triod
type: Class
subclass of: triactine
definition: Triact in which the rays are equal, straight, in one plane, and diverging at an angle of 120 degrees.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: triod
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Triact in which the rays are equal, straight, in one plane, and diverging at an angle of 120 degrees.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tripod
type: Class
subclass of: triod
definition: A modified triod with rays forming a regular pyramid.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tripod
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A modified triod with rays forming a regular pyramid.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

trophocyte
type: Class
subclass of: nurse cell
definition: Nurse cell involved in the initial stages of gemmule and oocyte formation.
comment: Cytology

Axiom
annotated source: trophocyte
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Nurse cell involved in the initial stages of gemmule and oocyte formation.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

truncaster
type: Class
subclass of: aster
definition: Aster with crowded, blunt rays (genus Rhabdastrella).
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: truncaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aster with crowded, blunt rays (genus Rhabdastrella).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tuberculate spicule
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicule ornamented with blunt knobs.
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tuberculate spicule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule ornamented with blunt knobs.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tubular
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Shape of hollow, erect cylinder (Aplysina fistularis)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: tubular
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Shape of hollow, erect cylinder (Aplysina fistularis)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

turbinate
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Resembling an inverted cone (Cribochalina vasculum)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: turbinate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Resembling an inverted cone (Cribochalina vasculum)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tylaster
type: Class
subclass of: aster
definition: Aster with free, microtylote rays
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tylaster
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aster with free, microtylote rays
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tyle
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: spicule
definition: Any rounded swelling or knob in a spicule (c in figure).
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tyle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Any rounded swelling or knob in a spicule (c in figure).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tylostyle
type: Class
subclass of: style
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: tyle
definition: A style with a tyle (globular swelling) at the base
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tylostyle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A style with a tyle (globular swelling) at the base
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

tylote
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
definition: Diactinal megasclere with a swelling on each end
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: tylote
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Diactinal megasclere with a swelling on each end
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

uncinate
type: Class
subclass of: diactine
definition: Diactin covered with short spines directed distally (barbule); size classes are designated by macrouncinate, microuncinate
has_related_synonym: barbule
has_related_synonym: macruncinate
has_related_synonym: micruncinate
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton and Spicules of Hexactinellida

Axiom
annotated source: uncinate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Diactin covered with short spines directed distally (barbule); size classes are designated by macrouncinate, microuncinate
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

unequal megasclere
type: Class
subclass of: megasclere
definition: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See also ANISO-.
has_related_synonym: unequal
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: unequal megasclere
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See also ANISO-.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: unequal megasclere
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: unequal
has_synonym_type: synonyms that refers to the corresponding trait

unguiferous-anchorate chela
type: Class
subclass of: anchorate chela
definition: An anchorate chela in which the recurved processes are in the form of claws or sickles and are normally connected to the shaft by expansions called falces
has_related_synonym: ancora unguifera
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: unguiferous-anchorate chela
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An anchorate chela in which the recurved processes are in the form of claws or sickles and are normally connected to the shaft by expansions called falces
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

unispicular fiber, tract
type: Class
subclass of: arrangement of megascleres
definition: A single aligned row of megascleres
comment: Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: unispicular fiber, tract
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A single aligned row of megascleres
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

unpaired actine
type: Class
subclass of: actine ray
definition: In sagittal spicules, the ray of a triactine or of a triradiate basal system of a tetractine lying in the plane of bilateral symmetry.
has_related_synonym: basal actine (ray)
comment: Calcareous Spicules and Calcareous Spicule Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: unpaired actine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In sagittal spicules, the ray of a triactine or of a triradiate basal system of a tetractine lying in the plane of bilateral symmetry.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: unpaired actine
annotated property: has_related_synonym
annotated target: basal actine (ray)
has_synonym_type: synonyms that should no longer be used

vallate
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: To be rejected (old-fashioned, heraldic term used to describe massive forms).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency
deprecated: true

Axiom
annotated source: vallate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: To be rejected (old-fashioned, heraldic term used to describe massive forms).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

velvety surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface with dense, short spicular projections, feeling soft and smooth to the touch.
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: velvety surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface with dense, short spicular projections, feeling soft and smooth to the touch.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

verrucose surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Warty (genus Tethya)
has_related_synonym: tuberculate
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: verrucose surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Warty (genus Tethya)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

verticillate
type: Class
subclass of: spicule
definition: Spicule ornamented by whirls (e.g., genus Agelas)
comment: Spicules of Demospongiae

Axiom
annotated source: verticillate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Spicule ornamented by whirls (e.g., genus Agelas)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

vesicular
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Hollow, bladder-like (Inflatella belli).
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: vesicular
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hollow, bladder-like (Inflatella belli).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

vestibule
type: Class
subclass of: inhalant canal
definition: Subectosomal cavity. An inhalant aquiferous cavity close to the surface (see also PORE SIEVE).
has_related_synonym: subdermal cavity
comment: Anatomy and Aquiferous System

Axiom
annotated source: vestibule
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Subectosomal cavity. An inhalant aquiferous cavity close to the surface (see also PORE SIEVE).
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

villose surface
type: Class
subclass of: sponge surface
definition: Surface shaggy, with dense, long spicular bundles (Rosella villosa)
comment: Macroscopical Features: Habit, Surface Characteristics, and Consistency

Axiom
annotated source: villose surface
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Surface shaggy, with dense, long spicular bundles (Rosella villosa)
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

viviparity
type: Class
subclass of: mode of reproduction
definition: Mode of reproduction in which internal fertilization and incubation of the embryo occur inside the parent sponge.
comment: Reproduction

Axiom
annotated source: viviparity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Mode of reproduction in which internal fertilization and incubation of the embryo occur inside the parent sponge.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

zygome
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: desma
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002150
  some values from: spicule
definition: Part of a desma that interlocks with another spicule.
comment: Spicule Types of "Lithistids"

Axiom
annotated source: zygome
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Part of a desma that interlocks with another spicule.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

zygosis
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
definition: Mode of junction between siliceous and calcareous tetraradiates characterized by the interlocking of their terminal or lateral expansions; cement, if present, is secondary.
comment: Calcareous Rigid Skeleton

Axiom
annotated source: zygosis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Mode of junction between siliceous and calcareous tetraradiates characterized by the interlocking of their terminal or lateral expansions; cement, if present, is secondary.
database_cross_reference: http://www.portol.org/thesaurus

body layer
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000479

spermatid
type: Class
subclass of: CL_0000039
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002202
  some values from: choanocyte chamber

spongiocyte
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell

bromotyrosin
type: Class
subclass of: CHEBI_24431

granular cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell

membrane-bound inclusion
type: Class
subclass of: cell component

large dense membrane-bound inclusion
type: Class
subclass of: membrane-bound inclusion

large granular membrane-bound inclusion
type: Class
subclass of: membrane-bound inclusion

small granular membrane-bound inclusion
type: Class
subclass of: membrane-bound inclusion

exopinacoderm
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: sponge surface
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: lined by
    some values from: exopinacocyte
subclass of: sponge surface
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: lined by
  some values from: exopinacocyte

reproductive body
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0005156

rigid skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton

aster
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: stellate spicule where where 1-6 primary rays undergo terminal branching to form secondary rays (differs from definition used for desmosponges)

collagen fibril
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
comment: Editor note: use GO or PRO

sponge surface
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061

surface protruberance
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: sponge surface

mode of reproduction
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001

anatomical axis
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000466

ray axis
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061

plate
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061

ectosomal spicule
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: ectosome
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: ectosome

pole of larva
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: larva

flagellated cell
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: GO_0005623
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: GO_0005929
subclass of: sponge cell
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: GO_0005929

chamber
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061

groove, pit or depression
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061

hilum of sterraster
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: hilum
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: sterraster
subclass of: hilum
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: sterraster

hilum of aspidaster
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: hilum
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: aspidaster
subclass of: hilum
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: aspidaster

calcareous skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton

relationship to substrate
type: Class
subclass of: growth_form

substrate
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476

cell component
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000465

nucleus
type: Class
subclass of: cell component

sponge larva
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: larva
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: sponge
subclass of: larva
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: sponge

structural quality
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001

gemmule coat
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002221
  some values from: gemmule

multicellular anatomical structure
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061

envelope of flagellated cells
type: Class
subclass of: multicellular anatomical structure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002473
  some values from: flagellated cell

crypt cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell

tract cell
type: Class
subclass of: sponge cell

flagellated endopinacocyte
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: endopinacocyte
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: GO_0005929
subclass of: endopinacocyte
subclass of: flagellated cell

flagellated exopinacocyte
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: exopinacocyte
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: GO_0005929
subclass of: exopinacocyte
subclass of: flagellated cell

calcareous plate
type: Class
subclass of: plate

choanocyte-lined radial canal
type: Class
subclass of: choanocyte chamber
has_related_synonym: radial chamber

choanocyte-lined filter chamber
type: Class
subclass of: choanocyte chamber

organism subdivision
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061

triaene clad
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: clad
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: triaene
subclass of: cladome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: triaene

bifurcate clad
type: Class
subclass of: clad
disjoint with: trifurcate clad

trifurcate clad
type: Class
subclass of: clad

macramphidisc
type: Class
subclass of: amphidisc

mesamphidisc
type: Class
subclass of: amphidisc

micramphidisc
type: Class
subclass of: amphidisc

monaxial desma
type: Class
subclass of: desma

choanosomal spicule
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: spicule
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000050
    some values from: choanosome
subclass of: spicule
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: choanosome

microstrongyle
type: Class
subclass of: microsclere
definition: microsclere with both ends blunted[WP]

pinnule
type: Class
subclass of: pentactin
definition: A pentact with large spines on the non-planar ray[WP]

protein
type: Class
subclass of: CHEBI_24431

silicatein
type: Class
subclass of: protein
definition: enzyme which catalyzes the formation of silicate polymers

Axiom
annotated source: silicatein
annotated property: definition
annotated target: enzyme which catalyzes the formation of silicate polymers
database_cross_reference: http://palaeos.com/metazoa/glossary/glossaryO.html#silicatein

silicase
type: Class
subclass of: protein
definition: enzyme in sponges, proposed to be involved in silica restructuring and maintenance. The proposed mechanism involves bound zinc acting as a Lewis acid catalyst to break the silicate ester bond between silicon and oxygen

Axiom
annotated source: silicase
annotated property: definition
annotated target: enzyme in sponges, proposed to be involved in silica restructuring and maintenance. The proposed mechanism involves bound zinc acting as a Lewis acid catalyst to break the silicate ester bond between silicon and oxygen
database_cross_reference: http://palaeos.com/metazoa/glossary/glossaryO.html#silicase

spiculogenesis
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002297
  some values from: spicule

cavity of canal
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000466
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: RO_0002219
  some values from: canal

arm of trider
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: trider

skeletal element of sponge
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000061
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000050
  some values from: skeleton

fusiform
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: Shape of a monactin spicule, tapering regularly toward an end.

acantho
type: Class
subclass of: spined
definition: has spines; applies only to spicules

acanthostyle
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: style
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000051
    some values from: spine
subclass of: style
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: BFO_0000051
  some values from: spine
comment: Subtypes of acanthostyle other than verticillate acanthostyle have yet to be named

spine
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000476

verticillate acanthostyle
type: Class
subclass of: acanthostyle
comment: Editor's note: logical definition still to be added

anisochela I
type: Class
subclass of: anisochela

anisochela II
type: Class
subclass of: anisochela

growth_form
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000001
description: shape of body form; habit
has_broad_synonym: habit

smooth
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: PATO_0000701 A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's posessing a surface free of roughness or irregularities.

obsolete endosome
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
has_exact_synonym: choanosome
deprecated: true

size class
type: Class
subclass of: PATO_0000051
definition: number of size categories

obsolete endosomal_skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
deprecated: true

obsolete main_skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
deprecated: true

obsolete principal skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
deprecated: true

mineral skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: skeleton
subclass of: UBERON_0000476

monactine
type: Class
subclass of: monaxonic megasclere
definition: Megasclere with a single actine (one ray or one point)
has_exact_synonym: monact

obsolete diact
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
definition: Megasclere with two actines (two rays or two points)
deprecated: true

obsolete monactine
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
deprecated: true

obsolete choanocyte chamber
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
has_exact_synonym: choanocyte chamber
deprecated: true

reproductive system
subclass of: CARO_0000003
subclass of: UBERON_0000467
definition: Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction.
has_alternative_id: UBERON:FBbt_00004857-FMA_7160-MA_0000326-MIAA_0000305-WBbt_0005747-XAO_0000142-ZFA_0000632

Axiom
annotated source: reproductive system
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Reproductive_system

larva
type: Class
subclass of: UBERON_0000468
definition: a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.

Axiom
annotated source: larva
annotated property: definition
annotated target: a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
database_cross_reference: Wikipedia:Larva