A ontologia OntoNeo seguirá a política de versionamento da OBO Foundry a partir desta versão, garantindo rastreabilidade e integridade dos artefatos publicados por meio de version IRIs únicos, utilizando o padrão ISO 8601 (YYYY-MM-DD) ou Semantic Versioning (NN.n), com armazenamento em PURLs versionados, gestão via Git, disponibilização em formato OWL, e garantindo que versões oficiais nunca sejam alteradas após a publicação, sendo mantidas em repositórios públicos para acesso e transparência. Por exemplo, como usamos o o esquema de releases, uma versão lançada em 14 de março de 2025 terá o seguinte version IRI: OWL: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ontoneo/releases/2025-03-14/ontoneo.owl Até a versão anterior de 2016-12-14, a ontologia utilizava o seguinte version IRI: OWL: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/releases/v1.1/ontoneo.owl A partir desta versão (2.0, a OntoNeo adotará o novo padrão recomendado pela OBO Foundry. Essa política passa a ser adotada a partir desta versão para garantir conformidade com os princípios da OBO Foundry, assegurando que todas as futuras versões sigam um padrão consistente e rastreável.
Starting from this version, the OntoNeo ontology will follow the OBO Foundry versioning policy, ensuring traceability and integrity of published artifacts through unique version IRIs. The versioning scheme will adhere to the ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD) or Semantic Versioning (NN.n), with versioned PURLs, Git-based management, and availability in OWL format. Official releases will never be modified after publication, ensuring stability and transparency. All versions will be maintained in public repositories for accessibility and reproducibility. For example, since we use a release-based scheme, a version released on March 14, 2025, will have the following version IRI: OWL: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ontoneo/releases/2025-03-14/ontoneo.owl
Amanda Damasceno de Souza
Barry Smith
Fernanda Farinelli
Mauricio B. de Almeida
Peter L. Elkin
Zilma Silveira Nogueira Reis
ISBN:9780262527811 - Building Ontologies with Basic Formal Ontology. By Robert Arp, Barry Smith and Andrew D. Spear
Woman’s Health Record Model from The American Congress of Obstetrician and Gynecologists (acog.org).
IDs allocated to individuals: ONTONEO_90000000 - ONTONEO_99999999
OntONeo development prioritizes the reuse of classes and entities from FMA ontology to deal with human anatomy approaches. Every class reference of others ontology for the anatomy domain, for example, UBERON and CARO, in which has the cross-reference annotation to some FMA class are replaced by the FMA class referred.
OntoNeo, is developed by Fernanda Farinelli and her contributor group is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Ontoneo is a ontology that the development is in progress, then take in mind for while the stability of URIs and labels. We are sure that the upper level ontology used is BFO version 2 and that we are priorize the reuse of terms find on OBO Foundry ontologies.
The default language of this ontology is English mainly because the reusable ontologies are conceived in English. However, this ontology intends to be bilingual in order to attend the necessities of Brazilian issues. Then, every relevant term we defined in Portuguese (Brazilian portuguese) using the tag xml:lang="pt" the follow annotations: label, definition, alternative term.
A Ontologia do Domínio Obstétrico e Neonatal
The Ontology of Obstetric and Neonatal domain
CVDO definition
editor preferred label
editor preferred term
termo preferido do editor
O nome conciso, significativo e amigável para humanos de uma classe ou propriedade preferido pelos desenvolvedores da ontologia. (Português-BR)
The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
example
example of usage
exemplo
exemplo de uso
A phrase describing how a class name should be used. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding of a class semantics, such as widely known prototypical subclasses or instances of the class. Although essential for high level terms, examples for low level terms (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) are not
Uma frase descrevendo como o nome de uma classe deve ser usado. Pode também incluir outros tipos de exemplos que facilitem o entendimento imediato da semântica de uma classe, como subclasses ou instâncias amplamente conhecidas da classe. Embora essencial para termos de alto nível, exemplos para termos de baixo nível (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) não são.
in branch
no ramo
An annotation property indicating which module the terms belong to. This is currently experimental and not implemented yet.
Uma propriedade de anotação indicando a qual módulo os termos pertencem. Atualmente, isso é experimental e ainda não implementado.
has curation status
tem status de curadoria
definition
definição
A definição oficial, explicando o significado de uma classe ou propriedade. Deve ser aristotélica, formalizada e normalizada. Pode ser complementada com definições coloquiais.
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
textual definition
editor note
nota do editor
An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
Uma nota administrativa destinada ao editor. Ela pode não ser incluída na versão publicada da ontologia e não deve conter nada essencial para os usuários finais entenderem a ontologia.
editor do termo
term editor
Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people.
Nome do editor que insere o termo no arquivo. O editor do termo é o ponto de contato para informações relacionadas ao termo. O editor do termo pode, mas nem sempre, ser o autor da definição, que pode ter sido trabalhada por várias pessoas.
definition editor
alternative term
termo alternativo
An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent)
Um nome alternativo para uma classe ou propriedade que significa a mesma coisa que o nome preferido (equivalente semanticamente).
definition source
fonte da definição
citação formal, por exemplo, identificador em banco de dados externo para indicar/atribuir fonte(s) da definição. Texto livre para indicar/atribuir fonte(s) da definição. EXEMPLO: Nome do Autor, URI, Termo MeSH C04, ID PUBMED, URI do Wiki em 31.01.2007.
formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
has obsolescence reason
tem motivo de obsolescência
Relaciona uma propriedade de anotação a um motivo de obsolescência. Os valores dos motivos de obsolescência vêm de uma lista de termos pré-definidos, instâncias da classe de especificação de motivo de obsolescência.
Relates an annotation property to an obsolescence reason. The values of obsolescence reasons come from a list of predefined terms, instances of the class obsolescence reason specification.
curator note
nota do curador
An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user
Uma nota administrativa de uso para o curador, mas sem utilidade para o usuário.
importado de
imported from
For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported
Para termos/classes externas, a ontologia de onde o termo foi importado.
expand expression to
expandir expressão para
A macro expansion tag applied to an object property (or possibly a data property) which can be used by a macro-expansion engine to generate more complex expressions from simpler ones
Uma tag de expansão macro aplicada a uma propriedade de objeto (ou possivelmente uma propriedade de dados) que pode ser usada por um mecanismo de expansão macro para gerar expressões mais complexas a partir de expressões mais simples.
expand assertion to
expandir afirmação para
A macro expansion tag applied to an annotation property which can be expanded into a more detailed axiom.
Uma tag de expansão macro aplicada a uma propriedade de anotação que pode ser expandida em um axioma mais detalhado.
first order logic expression
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
antisymmetric property
part_of antisymmetric property xsd:true
use boolean value xsd:true to indicate that the property is an antisymmetric property
Alan Ruttenberg
Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/> Annotations: 'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_" 'has ID digit count' : 7, rdfs:label "RO id policy" 'has ID policy for': "RO"
Relates an ontology used to record id policy to the number of digits in the URI. The URI is: the 'has ID prefix" annotation property value concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits)
has ID digit count
tem contagem de dígitos do ID
Datatype: idrange:1 Annotations: 'has ID range allocated to': "Chris Mungall" EquivalentTo: xsd:integer[> 2151 , <= 2300]
Relates a datatype that encodes a range of integers to the name of the person or organization who can use those ids constructed in that range to define new terms
has ID range allocated to
tem intervalo de ID alocado para
Relacionar uma ontologia usada para registrar a política de ID ao namespace da ontologia que gerencia essa política.
Relating an ontology used to record id policy to the ontology namespace whose policy it manages
has ID policy for
tem política de ID para
Relaciona uma ontologia usada para registrar a política de ID a um prefixo concatenado com um número inteiro no intervalo de ID (preenchido à esquerda com "0"s para atingir o número de dígitos) para construir um ID para um termo criado.
Relates an ontology used to record id policy to a prefix concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits) to construct an ID for a term being created.
has ID prefix
tem prefixo de ID
elucidation
elucidação
Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms which are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms
Termos primitivos em uma ontologia de nível mais alto, como BFO, são termos tão básicos para nossa compreensão da realidade que não há como defini-los de forma não circular. Para esses, portanto, podemos fornecer apenas elucidações, complementadas por exemplos e axiomas.
retirado do uso a partir de
retired from use as of
relaciona uma classe de CRID à data após a qual não devem ser feitas novas instâncias, de acordo com a autoridade central.
relates a class of CRID to the date after which further instances should not be made, according to the central authority
term replaced by
termo substituído por
Usado em termos obsoletos, relacionando o termo a outro que pode ser usado como substituto.
Use on obsolete terms, relating the term to another term that can be used as a substitute
has_MedDRA_id
obsolete_alternative language
An alternative language in which the ontology is represented.
PERSON:Fernanda Farinelli
Normalize PURLs. Replaced by object property ONTONEO_10000000.
alternative language
idioma alternativo
traduzido por
translated by
A person how is responsible for translating the entity annotations from English to another language.
Identifying information of the person responsible for translating the annotations of an ontology element into any language other than the original language in which it was defined.
Informação de identificação da pessoa responsável por realizar a tradução das anotações de um elemento da ontologia para algum idioma diferente do original que ele foi definido.
PERSON: Fernanda Farinelli
traduzido para o português por
translated into Portuguese by
Identifying information of the person responsible for translating the annotations of an ontology element into Portuguese.
Informação de identificação da pessoa responsável por realizar a tradução das anotações de um elemento da ontologia para o idioma Português.
traduzido para o inglês por
translated into English by
Identifying information of the person responsible for translating the annotations of an ontology element into English.
Informação de identificação da pessoa responsável por realizar a tradução das anotações de um elemento da ontologia para o idioma inglês.
obsolete_translated by
Normalize PURLs. Replaced by object property ONTONEO_10000001.
obsolete_translated to Portuguese by
A person how is responsible for translating the entity annotations from English to Portuguese.
Normalize PURLs. Replaced by object property ONTONEO_10000002.
An assertion that holds between an OWL Object Property and a temporal interpretation that elucidates how OWL Class Axioms that use this property are to be interpreted in a temporal context.
interpretação temporal
temporal interpretation
tooth SubClassOf 'never in taxon' value 'Aves'
x never in taxon T if and only if T is a class, and x does not instantiate the class expression "in taxon some T". Note that this is a shortcut relation, and should be used as a hasValue restriction in OWL.
Chris Mungall
A is mutually_spatially_disjoint_with B if both A and B are classes, and there exists no p such that p is part_of some A and p is part_of some B.
Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: (BFO_0000050 some ?X) and (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
mutually spatially disjoint with
An assertion that holds between an ontology class and an organism taxon class, which is intepreted to yield some relationship between instances of the ontology class and the taxon.
taxonomic class assertion
S ambiguous_for_taxon T if the class S does not have a clear referent in taxon T. An example would be the class 'manual digit 1', which encompasses a homology hypotheses that is accepted for some species (e.g. human and mouse), but does not have a clear referent in Aves - the referent is dependent on the hypothesis embraced, and also on the ontogenetic stage. [PHENOSCPAE:asilomar_mtg]
ambiguous for taxon
S dubious_for_taxon T if it is probably the case that no instances of S can be found in any instance of T.
This relation lacks a strong logical interpretation, but can be used in place of never_in_taxon where it is desirable to state that the definition of the class is too strict for the taxon under consideration, but placing a never_in_taxon link would result in a chain of inconsistencies that will take ongoing coordinated effort to resolve. Example: metencephalon in teleost
dubious for taxon
S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S
present in taxon
An assertion that involves at least one OWL object that is intended to be expanded into one or more logical axioms. The logical expansion can yield axioms expressed using any formal logical system, including, but not limited to OWL2-DL.
logical macro assertion
An assertion that holds between an OWL Annotation Property P and a non-negative integer N, with the interpretation: for any P(i j) it must be the case that | { k : P(i k) } | = N.
annotation property cardinality
A logical macro assertion whose domain is an IRI for a class
The domain for this class can be considered to be owl:Class, but we cannot assert this in OWL2-DL
logical macro assertion on a class
A logical macro assertion whose domain is an IRI for a property
logical macro assertion on a property
Used to annotate object properties to describe a logical meta-property or characteristic of the object property.
logical macro assertion on an object property
logical macro assertion on an annotation property
An assertion that holds between an OWL Object Property and a dispositional interpretation that elucidates how OWL Class Axioms or OWL Individuals that use this property are to be interpreted in a dispositional context. For example, A binds B may be interpreted as A have a mutual disposition that is realized by binding to the other one.
'pectoral appendage skeleton' has no connections with 'pelvic appendage skeleton'
A is has_no_connections_with B if there are no parts of A or B that have a connection with the other.
Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: (BFO_0000050 some ?X) and (RO_0002170 some (BFO_0000050 some ?Y))
Connects an ontology entity (class, property, etc) to a URL from which curator guidance can be obtained. This assertion is inherited in the same manner as functional annotations (e.g. for GO, over SubClassOf and part_of)
brain always_present_in_taxon 'Vertebrata'
forelimb always_present_in_taxon Euarchontoglires
S always_present_in_taxon T if every fully formed member of taxon T has part some S, or is an instance of S
This is a very strong relation. Often we will not have enough evidence to know for sure that there are no species within a lineage that lack the structure - loss is common in evolution. However, there are some statements we can make with confidence - no vertebrate lineage could persist without a brain or a heart. All primates are limbed.
This properties were created originally for the annotation of developmental or life cycle stages, such as for example Carnegie Stage 20 in humans.
temporal logical macro assertion on a class
Count of number of days intervening between the start of the stage and the time of fertilization according to a reference model. Note that the first day of development has the value of 0 for this property.
Count of number of days intervening between the end of the stage and the time of fertilization according to a reference model. Note that the first day of development has the value of 1 for this property.
Count of number of years intervening between the start of the stage and the time of birth according to a reference model. Note that the first year of post-birth development has the value of 0 for this property, and the period during which the child is one year old has the value 1.
Count of number of years intervening between the end of the stage and the time of birth according to a reference model. Note that the first year of post-birth development has the value of 1 for this property, and the period during which the child is one year old has the value 2
Count of number of months intervening between the start of the stage and the time of birth according to a reference model. Note that the first month of post-birth development has the value of 0 for this property, and the period during which the child is one month old has the value 1.
Count of number of months intervening between the end of the stage and the time of birth according to a reference model. Note that the first month of post-birth development has the value of 1 for this property, and the period during which the child is one month old has the value 2
Defines the start and end of a stage with a duration of 1 month, relative to either the time of fertilization or last menstrual period of the mother (to be clarified), counting from one, in terms of a reference model. Thus if month_of_gestation=3, then the stage is 2 month in.
A relationship between a stage class and an anatomical structure or developmental process class, in which the stage is characterized by the appearance of the structure or the occurrence of the biological process
Count of number of days intervening between the start of the stage and the time of coitum.
For mouse staging: assuming that it takes place around midnight during a 7pm to 5am dark cycle (noon of the day on which the vaginal plug is found, the embryos are aged 0.5 days post coitum)
Count of number of days intervening between the end of the stage and the time of coitum.
If Rel is the relational form of a process Pr, then it follow that: Rel(x,y) <-> exists p : Pr(p), x subject-partner-in p, y object-partner-in p
is asymmetric relational form of process class
If Rel is the relational form of a process Pr, then it follow that: Rel(x,y) <-> exists p : Pr(p), x partner-in p, y partner-in p
is symmetric relational form of process class
R is the relational form of a process if and only if either (1) R is the symmetric relational form of a process or (2) R is the asymmetric relational form of a process
relation p is the direct form of relation q iff p is a subPropertyOf q, p does not have the Transitive characteristic, q does have the Transitive characteristic, and for all x, y: x q y -> exists z1, z2, ..., zn such that x p z1 ... z2n y
The general property hierarchy is: "directly P" SubPropertyOf "P" Transitive(P) Where we have an annotation assertion "directly P" "is direct form of" "P"
If we have the annotation P is-direct-form-of Q, and we have inverses P' and Q', then it follows that P' is-direct-form-of Q'
relation p is the indirect form of relation q iff p is a subPropertyOf q, and there exists some p' such that p' is the direct form of q, p' o p' -> p, and forall x,y : x q y -> either (1) x p y or (2) x p' y
If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then it also holds that R -> P o Q. Note that this cannot be expressed directly in OWL
If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R.
is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive
An annotation property that connects an object property to a class, where the object property is derived from or a shortcut property for the class. The exact semantics of this annotation may vary on a case by case basis.
A shortcut relationship that holds between two entities based on their identity criteria
logical macro assertion involving identity
A shortcut relationship between two entities x and y1, such that the intent is that the relationship is functional and inverse function, but there is no guarantee that this property holds.
in approximate one to one relationship with
x is approximately equivalent to y if it is the case that x is equivalent, identical or near-equivalent to y
The precise meaning of this property is dependent upon some contexts. It is intended to group multiple possible formalisms. Possibilities include a probabilistic interpretation, for example, Pr(x=y) > 0.95. Other possibilities include reified statements of belief, for example, "Database D states that x=y"
'anterior end of organism' is-opposite-of 'posterior end of organism'
'increase in temperature' is-opposite-of 'decrease in temperature'
x is the opposite of y if there exists some distance metric M, and there exists no z such as M(x,z) <= M(x,y) or M(y,z) <= M(y,x).
x is indistinguishable from y if there exists some distance metric M, and there exists no z such as M(x,z) <= M(x,y) or M(y,z) <= M(y,x).
evidential logical macro assertion on an axiom
A relationship between a sentence and an instance of a piece of evidence in which the evidence supports the axiom
This annotation property is intended to be used in an OWL Axiom Annotation to connect an OWL Axiom to an instance of an ECO (evidence type ontology class). Because in OWL, all axiom annotations must use an Annotation Property, the value of the annotation cannot be an OWL individual, the convention is to use an IRI of the individual.
A relationship between a sentence and an instance of a piece of evidence in which the evidence contradicts the axiom
In the context of a particular project, the IRI with CURIE NCBIGene:64327 (which in this example denotes a class) is considered to be representative. This means that if we have equivalent classes with IRIs OMIM:605522, ENSEMBL:ENSG00000105983, HGNC:13243 forming an equivalence set, the NCBIGene is considered the representative member IRI. Depending on the policies of the project, the classes may be merged, or the NCBIGene IRI may be chosen as the default in a user interface context.
this property relates an IRI to the xsd boolean value "True" if the IRI is intended to be the representative IRI for a collection of classes that are mutually equivalent.
If it is necessary to make the context explicit, an axiom annotation can be added to the annotation assertion
is representative IRI for equivalence set
OWLAPI Reasoner documentation for representativeElement, which follows a similar idea, but selects an arbitrary member
An alternate textual definition for a class taken unmodified from an external source. This definition may have been used to derive a generalized definition for the new class.
This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO
Notes on the homology status of this class.
Notes on the how instances of this class vary across species.
Notes on how similar or equivalent classes are represented in other ontologies.
has exact synonym
has related synonym
label
Datatype representing a specific day of the month.
Datatype representing a specific month in a year.
Datatype representing a specific day within a specific month.
Datatype representing a specific month in a specific year.
relates an investigation to any biologically-related entity that is examined as part of that process, such as a protein, a biological process, etc.
examines
is part of
my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
part_of
part of
parte de
has part
my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)
this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.
has_part
tem parte
realized in
this disease is realized in this disease course
this fragility is realized in this shattering
this investigator role is realized in this investigation
is realized by
realized_in
[copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
realizado em
realizes
this disease course realizes this disease
this investigation realizes this investigator role
this shattering realizes this fragility
exerce
to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
realiza
preceded by
X is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other.
is preceded by
preceded_by
precedido por
precedes
X precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
precede
occurs in
b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
occurs_in
unfolds in
unfolds_in
Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
ocorre em
site of
[copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
contains process
contém processo
[copied from inverse property 'occupies temporal region'] p occupies_temporal_region t. This is a primitive relation between an occurrent p and the temporal region t upon which the spatiotemporal region p occupies_spatiotemporal_region projects. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [132-001])
has temporal occupant
during which exists
has measurement unit label
This document is about information artifacts and their representations
A (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity.
person:Alan Ruttenberg
Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
is about
é sobre
An information artifact IA mentions an entity E exactly when it has a component/part that denotes E
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. P4 RC1 munges our GCI so remove it for now: mentions some entity equivalentTo has_part some ('generically denotes' some entity)
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Add this relation following conversation with Jonathan Rees that N&S GCI for is_about was too strong. Really it was simply sufficient. To effect this change we introduce this relation, which is subproperty of is_about, and have previous GCI use this relation "mentions" in it's (logical) definition
PERSON: Jonathan Rees
Person: Alan Ruttenberg
mentions
menções
Inverse of the relation 'mentions'
mencionado por
mentioned by
A person's name denotes the person. A variable name in a computer program denotes some piece of memory. Lexically equivalent strings can denote different things, for instance "Alan" can denote different people. In each case of use, there is a case of the denotation relation obtaining, between "Alan" and the person that is being named.
A primitive, instance-level, relation obtaining between an information content entity and some portion of reality. Denotation is what happens when someone creates an information content entity E in order to specifically refer to something. The only relation between E and the thing is that E can be used to 'pick out' the thing. This relation connects those two together. Freedictionary.com sense 3: To signify directly; refer to specifically
2009-11-10 Alan Ruttenberg. Old definition said the following to emphasize the generic nature of this relation. We no longer have 'specifically denotes', which would have been primitive, so make this relation primitive. g denotes r =def r is a portion of reality there is some c that is a concretization of g every c that is a concretization of g specifically denotes r
Conversations with Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters, Bjoern Peters, Michel Dumontier, Melanie Courtot, James Malone, Bill Hogan
denota
denotes
m is a quality measurement of q at t. When q is a quality, there is a measurement process p that has specified output m, a measurement datum, that is about q
8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: The strategy is to be rather specific with this relationship. There are other kinds of measurements that are not of qualities, such as those that measure time. We will add these as separate properties for the moment and see about generalizing later
From the second IAO workshop: An attempt at tieing the quality to the measurement datum more carefully. a is a magnitude means a is a determinate quality particular inhering in some bearer b existing at a time t that can be represented/denoted by an information content entity e that has parts denoting a unit of measure, a number, and b. The unit of measure is an instance of the determinable quality.
From the second meeting on IAO: An attempt at defining assay using Barry's "reliability" wording assay: process and has_input some material entity and has_output some information content entity and which is such that instances of this process type reliably generate outputs that describes the input.
This one is the one we are struggling with at the moment. The issue is what a measurement measures. On the one hand saying that it measures the quality would include it "measuring" the bearer = referring to the bearer in the measurement. However this makes comparisons of two different things not possible. On the other hand not having it inhere in the bearer, on the face of it, breaks the audit trail. Werner suggests a solution based on "Magnitudes" a proposal for which we are awaiting details.
is quality measurement of
é uma medida de qualidade de
inverse of the relation 'denotes'
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Mike Conlon
denotado por
denoted by
has coordinate unit label
relates a process to a time-measurement-datum that represents the duration of the process
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
is duration of
é a duração de
inverse of the relation of is quality measurement of
is quality measured as
A relation between a data item and a quality of a material entity where the material entity is the specified output of a material transformation which achieves an objective specification that indicates the intended value of the specified quality.
is quality specification of
é especificação de qualidade de
inverse of the relation of is quality specification of
inverso da relação de é especificação de qualidade de
qualidade é especificada como
quality is specified as
has time stamp
tem marca temporal
has measurement datum
tem dado de medição
x designa y, se para qualquer grupo de usuários de linguagem, x for uma entidade de conteúdo de informação, estiver relacionado a y e representar y em um contexto linguístico.
x designates y, if for any given group of language users, x is an information content entity, is about y, and represents y in a linguistic context.
designa
designates
p1 is designated by p2, if p2 is an information content entity that represents p1 in a linguistic context.
p1 é designado por p2, se p2 for uma entidade de conteúdo de informação que representa p1 em um contexto linguístico.
is designated by
é designado por
legally revokes
d socio-legally transfers l if l participates in d and d has specified input (concretization of l)1 and specified output (concretization of l)2, where (concretization of l)1 and (concretization of l)2 are not identical.
legally transfers
has_specified_input
see is_input_of example_of_usage
is_specified_input_of
has_specified_output
is_manufactured_by
is_specified_output_of
is_proxy_for
Relating a legal person to an organization in the case where the legal person has a role as member of the organization
2009/10/01 Alan Ruttenberg. Barry prefers generic is-member-of. Question of what the range should be. For now organization. Is organization a population? Would the same relation be used to record members of a population
has organization member
a is owned by b if b has complete power over a. All rights and obligations of ownership are grounded in this (primitive) relation. The claims and obligations of ownership can be partially transferred to a third party by the owner, b.
Reinach, A. Sämtliche Werke. Texkritische Ausgabe, München: Philosophia Verlag, 1989, p.189-204.
is owned by
BFO relation takes precedence.
true
is administered by
A relationship that holds between two material entities, an injury and the entity injured.
injury of
lesão de
Uma relação que se mantém entre duas entidades materiais, uma lesão e a entidade lesionada.
has injury
tem lesão
A medida X varia com Y quando X é uma qualidade do subtipo de taxa (senso de frequência) e Y é um processo ou uma região de tempo em que uma mudança em Y causa variação na medida de X, aumentando e diminuindo a taxa medida.
The X measure varies with Y when X is a quality of the rate subtype (frequency sense), and Y is a process or a time region that a change in Y causes variation in the measure of X both increasing and decreasing the measured rate.
measure vary according to
medida varia de acordo com
X define by Y if and only if X is an entity (continuant or occurent) and Y is a quality or a temporal region, and X is defined according to Y, such that X exists based on Y and a change in Y would cause a change in X.
defined by
definida por
inheres in
this fragility inheres in this vase
this fragility is a characteristic of this vase
this red color inheres in this apple
this red color is a characteristic of this apple
a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence.
a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists.
inheres_in
Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing.
característica de
characteristic of
bearer of
this apple is bearer of this red color
this vase is bearer of this fragility
Inverse of characteristic_of
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist.
bearer_of
is bearer of
has characteristic
tem característica
participates in
this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation
this input material (or this output material) participates in this process
this investigator participates in this investigation
a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
participates_in
participa de
has participant
this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
this investigation has participant this investigator
this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time.
has_participant
tem participante
A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The journal article (a generically dependent continuant) is concretized as the quality (a specifically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant).
An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process).
A relationship between a generically dependent continuant and a specifically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. A generically dependent continuant may be concretized as multiple specifically dependent continuants.
is concretized as
é concretizado como
A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The quality (a specifically dependent continuant) concretizes the journal article (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant).
A relationship between a specifically dependent continuant and a generically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. Multiple specifically dependent continuants can concretize the same generically dependent continuant.
concretiza
concretizes
this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme
a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
function_of
is function of
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
function of
função de
this red color is a quality of this apple
a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists.
is quality of
quality_of
qualidade de
quality of
this investigator role is a role of this person
a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
is role of
role_of
papel de
role of
this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function)
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
has_function
has function
tem função
this apple has quality this red color
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist.
has_quality
has quality
tem qualidade
this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
has_role
has role
tem papel
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
has disposition
tem disposição
disposition of
disposição de
this cell derives from this parent cell (cell division)
this nucleus derives from this parent nucleus (nuclear division)
a relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity
This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops from'.
derives_from
deriva de
derives from
this parent cell derives into this cell (cell division)
this parent nucleus derives into this nucleus (nuclear division)
a relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity
This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops into'. To avoid making statements about a future that may not come to pass, it is often better to use the backward-looking 'derives from' rather than the forward-looking 'derives into'.
derives_into
deriva em
derives into
is location of
my head is the location of my brain
this cage is the location of this rat
a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location
Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
location_of
localização de
location of
contained in
Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved.
Containment obtains in each case between material and immaterial continuants, for instance: lung contained_in thoracic cavity; bladder contained_in pelvic cavity. Hence containment is not a transitive relation. If c part_of c1 at t then we have also, by our definition and by the axioms of mereology applied to spatial regions, c located_in c1 at t. Thus, many examples of instance-level location relations for continuants are in fact cases of instance-level parthood. For material continuants location and parthood coincide. Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved. To understand this relation, we first define overlap for continuants as follows: c1 overlap c2 at t =def for some c, c part_of c1 at t and c part_of c2 at t. The containment relation on the instance level can then be defined (see definition):
Intended meaning: domain: material entity range: spatial region or site (immaterial continuant)
contained_in
contains
located in
my brain is located in my head
this rat is located in this cage
a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location
Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus
located_in
localizado em
This is redundant with the more specific 'independent and not spatial region' constraint. We leave in the redundant axiom for use with reasoners that do not use negation.
the surface of my skin is a 2D boundary of my body
a relation between a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary) and a material entity, in which the boundary delimits the material entity
A 2D boundary may have holes and gaps, but it must be a single connected entity, not an aggregate of several disconnected parts.
Although the boundary is two-dimensional, it exists in three-dimensional space and thus has a 3D shape.
2D_boundary_of
boundary of
is 2D boundary of
is boundary of
2D boundary of
limite 2D de
aligned with
my body has 2D boundary the surface of my skin
a relation between a material entity and a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary), in which the boundary delimits the material entity
has boundary
has_2D_boundary
has 2D boundary
tem limite 2D
X outer_layer_of Y iff: . X :continuant that bearer_of some PATO:laminar . X part_of Y . exists Z :surface . X has_boundary Z . Z boundary_of Y has_boundary: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002002 boundary_of: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002000
A relationship that applies between a continuant and its outer, bounding layer. Examples include the relationship between a multicellular organism and its integument, between an animal cell and its plasma membrane, and between a membrane bound organelle and its outer/bounding membrane.
bounding layer of
A relation that holds between two linear structures that are approximately parallel to each other for their entire length and where either the two structures are adjacent to each other or one is part of the other.
Note from NCEAS meeting: consider changing primary label
Example: if we define region of chromosome as any subdivision of a chromosome along its long axis, then we can define a region of chromosome that contains only gene x as 'chromosome region' that coincident_with some 'gene x', where the term gene X corresponds to a genomic sequence.
A relationship that holds between a process that regulates a transport process and the entity transported by that process.
Primitive instance level timing relation between events
antes ou simultaneamente com
before or simultaneous with
x simultaneous with y iff ω(x) = ω(y) and ω(α ) = ω(α), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point and '=' indicates the same instance in time.
t1 simultaneous_with t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simultaneous_with t2 and not (t1 before t2)
simultaneo com
simultaneous with
t1 before t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simulataneous_with t2 and not (t1 simultaeous_with t2)
antes
before
Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002124 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range.
abrange
encompasses
Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002123 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range.
durante o qual começa
during which starts
inicia antes
starts before
X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
immediately precedes
precede imediatamente
X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y))
inicia durante
starts during
X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y))
acontece durante
happens during
Every B cell[CL_0000236] has plasma membrane part some immunoglobulin complex[GO_0019814]
Holds between a cell c and a protein complex or protein p if and only if that cell has as part a plasma_membrane[GO:0005886], and that plasma membrane has p as part.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some ?Y)
has plasma membrane part
x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
overlaps
x partially overlaps y iff there exists some z such that z is part of x and z is part of y, and it is also the case that neither x is part of y or y is part of x
We would like to include disjointness axioms with part_of and has_part, however this is not possible in OWL2 as these are non-simple properties and hence cannot appear in a disjointness axiom
(forall (?x ?y) (iff (proper_overlaps ?x ?y) (and (overlaps ?x ?y) (not (part_of ?x ?y)) (not (part_of ?y ?x)))))
partially overlaps
d derived_by_descent_from a if d is specified by some genetic program that is sequence-inherited-from a genetic program that specifies a.
two individual entities d1 and d2 stand in a shares_ancestor_with relation if and only if there exists some a such that d1 derived_by_descent_from a and d2 derived_by_descent_from a.
Consider obsoleting and merging with child relation, 'in homology relationship with'
A is spatially_disjoint_from B if and only if they have no parts in common
There are two ways to encode this as a shortcut relation. The other possibility to use an annotation assertion between two classes, and expand this to a disjointness axiom.
Note that it would be possible to use the relation to label the relationship between a near infinite number of structures - between the rings of saturn and my left earlobe. The intent is that this is used for parsiomoniously for disambiguation purposes - for example, between siblings in a jointly exhaustive pairwise disjointness hierarchy
a 'toe distal phalanx bone' that is connected to a 'toe medial phalanx bone' (an interphalangeal joint *connects* these two bones).
a is connected to b if and only if a and b are discrete structure, and there exists some connecting structure c, such that c connects a and b
connected to
c connects a if and only if there exist some b such that a and b are similar parts of the same system, and c connects b, specifically, c connects a with b. When one structure connects two others it unites some aspect of the function or role they play within the system.
connects
a is attached to part of b if a is attached to b, or a is attached to some p, where p is part of b.
attached to part of
Relation between an arterial structure and another structure, where the arterial structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy.
Individual ontologies should provide their own constraints on this abstract relation. For example, in the realm of anatomy this should hold between an artery and an anatomical structure
supplies
Relation between an collecting structure and another structure, where the collecting structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy away from the other structure.
Individual ontologies should provide their own constraints on this abstract relation. For example, in the realm of anatomy this should hold between a vein and an anatomical structure
drains
w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type.
The definition of 'has component' is still under discussion. The challenge is in providing a definition that does not imply transitivity.
For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint, because OWL does not permit cardinality constraints to be used in combination with transitive object properties. In situations where you would want to say something like 'has part exactly 5 digit, you would instead use has_component exactly 5 digit.
has component
A relationship that holds between a biological entity and a phenotype. Here a phenotype is construed broadly as any kind of quality of an organism part, a collection of these qualities, or a change in quality or qualities (e.g. abnormally increased temperature). The subject of this relationship can be an organism (where the organism has the phenotype, i.e. the qualities inhere in parts of this organism), a genomic entity such as a gene or genotype (if modifications of the gene or the genotype causes the phenotype), or a condition such as a disease (such that if the condition inheres in an organism, then the organism has the phenotype).
has phenotype
phenotype of
x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y
David Osumi-Sutherland
Terry Meehan
This is the transitive form of the develops from relation
develops from
develops into
'neural crest cell' SubClassOf expresses some 'Wnt1 gene'
x expressed in y if and only if there is a gene expression process (GO:0010467) that occurs in y, and one of the following holds: (i) x is a gene, and x is transcribed into a transcript as part of the gene expression process (ii) x is a transcript, and the transcription of x is part of the gene expression process (iii) x is a mature gene product such as a protein, and x was translated or otherwise processes from a transcript that was transcribed as part of this gene expression process
expressed in
Candidate definition: x directly_develops from y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p, and a substantial portion of the matter of y comes from x, and the start of x is coincident with or after the end of y
directly develops from
directly develops into
x regulates y if and only if the x is the realization of a function to exert an effect on the frequency, rate or extent of y
We use 'regulates' here to specifically imply control. However, many colloquial usages of the term correctly correspond to the weaker relation of 'causally upstream of or within' (aka influences). Consider relabeling to make things more explicit
Regulation does not preclude parthood; the regulatory process may be upstream, or may be within the regulated process.
regulates
x negatively regulates y if and only if the progression of x reduces the frequency, rate or extent of y
negatively regulates
x positively regulates y if and only if the progression of x increases the frequency, rate or extent of y
positively regulates
'human p53 protein' SubClassOf some ('has prototype' some ('participates in' some 'DNA repair'))
heart SubClassOf 'has prototype' some ('participates in' some 'blood circulation')
x has prototype y if and only if x is an instance of C and y is a prototypical instance of C. For example, every instance of heart, both normal and abnormal is related by the has prototype relation to some instance of a "canonical" heart, which participates in blood circulation.
Experimental. In future there may be a formalization in which this relation is treated as a shortcut to some modal logic axiom. We may decide to obsolete this and adopt a more specific evolutionary relationship (e.g. evolved from)
This property can be used to make weaker forms of certain relations by chaining an additional property. For example, we may say: retina SubClassOf has_prototype some 'detection of light'. i.e. every retina is related to a prototypical retina instance which is detecting some light. Note that this is very similar to 'capable of', but this relation affords a wider flexibility. E.g. we can make a relation between continuants.
has prototype
mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974)
osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption'
A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process.
For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)".
capable of
capaz de
c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p.
capable of part of
capaz de fazer parte de
x actively participates in y if and only if x participates in y and x realizes some active role
actively participates in
'heart development' has active participant some Shh protein
x has participant y if and only if x realizes some active role that inheres in y
This may be obsoleted and replaced by the original 'has agent' relation
has active participant
x surrounded_by y if and only if (1) x is adjacent to y and for every region r that is adjacent to x, r overlaps y (2) the shared boundary between x and y occupies the majority of the outermost boundary of x
surrounded by
x adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary
This relation acts as a join point with BSPO
adjacent to
surrounds
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends.
A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations.
temporally related to
temporalmente relacionado com
inicia
starts
Every insulin receptor signaling pathway starts with the binding of a ligand to the insulin receptor
X starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
inicia com
starts with
x develops from part of y if and only if there exists some z such that x develops from z and z is part of y
develops from part of
A sub-relation of parasite-of in which the parasite that cannot complete its life cycle without a host.
A sub-relations of parasite-of in which the parasite that can complete its life cycle independent of a host.
ends
finaliza
X ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
ends with
finaliza com
x 'has starts location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'starts with' z and z 'occurs in' y
has start location
tem local de início
x 'has end location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'ends with' z and z 'occurs in' y
has end location
tem localização final
p has direct input c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p.
p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p.
has input
tem entrada
p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present at the beginning of p.
p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present in the same state at the beginning of p.
has output
tem saída
developmentally contributes to
Inverse of developmentally induced by
developmentally induces
Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p
In general you should not use this relation to make assertions - use one of the more specific relations below this one
This relation groups together various other developmental relations. It is fairly generic, encompassing induction, developmental contribution and direct and transitive develops from
developmentally preceded by
x developmentally replaces y if and only if there is some developmental process that causes x to move or to cease to exist, and for the site that was occupied by x to become occupied by y, where y either comes into existence in this site or moves to this site from somewhere else
This relation is intended for cases such as when we have a bone element replacing its cartilage element precursor. Currently most AOs represent this using 'develops from'. We need to decide whether 'develops from' will be generic and encompass replacement, or whether we need a new name for a generic relation that encompasses replacement and development-via-cell-lineage
developmentally replaces
developmentally succeeded by
'hypopharyngeal eminence' SubClassOf 'part of precursor of' some tongue
part of developmental precursor of
x is ubiquitously expressed in y if and only if x is expressed in y, and the majority of cells in y express x
Revisit this term after coordinating with SO/SOM. The domain of this relation should be a sequence, as an instance of a DNA molecule is only expressed in the cell of which it is a part.
ubiquitously expressed in
expresses
ubiquitously expresses
every flower development (GO:0009908) results in development of some flower (PO:0009046)
p 'results in development of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and p results in the state of c changing from its initial state as a primordium or anlage through its mature state and to its final state.
results in development of
an annotation of gene X to anatomical structure formation with results_in_formation_of UBERON:0000007 (pituitary gland) means that at the beginning of the process a pituitary gland does not exist and at the end of the process a pituitary gland exists.
every "endocardial cushion formation" (GO:0003272) results_in_formation_of some "endocardial cushion" (UBERON:0002062)
results in formation of
an annotation of gene X to cell morphogenesis with results_in_morphogenesis_of CL:0000540 (neuron) means that at the end of the process an input neuron has attained its shape.
tongue morphogenesis (GO:0043587) results in morphogenesis of tongue (UBERON:0001723)
The relationship that links an entity with the process that results in the formation and shaping of that entity over time from an immature to a mature state.
results in morphogenesis of
an annotation of gene X to cell maturation with results_in_maturation_of CL:0000057 (fibroblast) means that the fibroblast is mature at the end of the process
bone maturation (GO:0070977) results_in_maturation_of bone (UBERON:0001474)
The relationship that links an entity with a process that results in the progression of the entity over time that is independent of changes in it's shape and results in an end point state of that entity.
results in maturation of
foramen ovale closure SubClassOf results in disappearance of foramen ovale
results in disappearance of
every mullerian duct regression (GO:0001880) results in regression of some mullerian duct (UBERON:0003890)
results in developmental regression of
evolutionary variant of
Holds between p and c when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to regulate the location of c
transports or maintains localization of
q inheres in part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w.
Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of inheres in part of
inheres in part of
an annotation of gene X to cell differentiation with results_in_maturation_of CL:0000057 (fibroblast) means that at the end of the process the input cell that did not have features of a fibroblast, now has the features of a fibroblast.
The relationship that links a specified entity with the process that results in an unspecified entity acquiring the features and characteristics of the specified entity
results in acquisition of features of
A relationship that holds via some environmental process
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving the process of evolution.
evolutionarily related to
A relationship that is mediated in some way by the environment or environmental feature (ENVO:00002297)
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving ecological interactions
ecologically related to
An experimental relation currently used to connect a feature possessed by an organism (e.g. anatomical structure, biological process, phenotype or quality) to a habitat or environment in which that feature is well suited, adapted or provides a reproductive advantage for the organism. For example, fins to an aquatic environment. Usually this will mean that the structure is adapted for this environment, but we avoid saying this directly - primitive forms of the structure may not have evolved specifically for that environment (for example, early wings were not necessarily adapted for an aerial environment). Note also that this is a statement about the general class of structures - not every instance of a limb need confer an advantage for a terrestrial environment, e.g. if the limb is vestigial.
confers advantage in
A mereological relationship or a topological relationship
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships
mereotopologically related to
A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502)
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving organismal development
developmentally related to
Clp1p relocalizes from the nucleolus to the spindle and site of cell division; i.e. it is associated transiently with the spindle pole body and the contractile ring (evidence from GFP fusion). Clp1p colocalizes_with spindle pole body (GO:0005816) and contractile ring (GO:0005826)
a colocalizes_with b if and only if a is transiently or peripherally associated with b[GO].
In the context of the Gene Ontology, colocalizes_with may be used for annotating to cellular component terms[GO]
colocalizes with
ATP citrate lyase (ACL) in Arabidopsis: it is a heterooctamer, composed of two types of subunits, ACLA and ACLB in a A(4)B(4) stoichiometry. Neither of the subunits expressed alone give ACL activity, but co-expression results in ACL activity. Both subunits contribute_to the ATP citrate lyase activity.
Subunits of nuclear RNA polymerases: none of the individual subunits have RNA polymerase activity, yet all of these subunits contribute_to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity.
eIF2: has three subunits (alpha, beta, gamma); one binds GTP; one binds RNA; the whole complex binds the ribosome (all three subunits are required for ribosome binding). So one subunit is annotated to GTP binding and one to RNA binding without qualifiers, and all three stand in the contributes_to relationship to "ribosome binding". And all three are part_of an eIF2 complex
We would like to say if and only if exists c', p' c part_of c' and c' capable_of p and c capable_of p' and p' part_of p then c contributes_to p However, this is not possible in OWL. We instead make this relation a sub-relation of the two chains, which gives us the inference in the one direction.
In the context of the Gene Ontology, contributes_to may be used only with classes from the molecular function ontology.
contributes to
a particular instances of akt-2 enables some instance of protein kinase activity
c enables p iff c is capable of p and c acts to execute p.
This relation differs from the parent relation 'capable of' in that the parent is weaker and only expresses a capability that may not be actually realized, whereas this relation is always realized.
This relation is currently used experimentally by the Gene Ontology Consortium. It may not be stable and may be obsoleted at some future time.
enables
habilita
A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities.
This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function
funcionalmente relacionado com
functionally related to
this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p.
part of structure that is capable of
holds between two entities when some genome-level process such as gene expression is involved. This includes transcriptional, spliceosomal events. These relations can be used between either macromolecule entities (such as regions of nucleic acid) or between their abstract informational counterparts.
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving the genome of an organism
genomically related to
c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p
involved in
every cellular sphingolipid homeostasis process regulates_level_of some sphingolipid
p regulates levels of c if p regulates some amount (PATO:0000070) of c
regulates levels of
enabled by
habilitado por
regulated by
negatively regulated by
positively regulated by
A relationship that holds via some process of localization
related via localization to
This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from some initial location l to some destination.
has target start location
This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from a an initial location to some destination l.
has target end location
Holds between p and c when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c to a destination that is part of some s, where the start location of c is part of the region that surrounds s.
imports
Holds between p and l when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c from one location to another, and the route taken by c follows a path that is aligned_with l
results in transport along
Holds between p and m when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c from one location to another, and the route taken by c follows a path that crosses m.
results in transport across
'pollen tube growth' results_in growth_of some 'pollen tube'
results in growth of
'mitochondrial transport' results_in_transport_to_from_or_in some mitochondrion (GO:0005739)
results in transport to from or in
exports
an annotation of gene X to cell commitment with results_in_commitment_to CL:0000540 (neuron) means that at the end of the process an unspecified cell has been specified and determined to develop into a neuron.
p 'results in commitment to' c if and only if p is a developmental process and c is a cell and p results in the state of c changing such that is can only develop into a single cell type.
results in commitment to
p 'results in determination of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and c is a cell and p results in the state of c changing to be determined. Once a cell becomes determined, it becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment.
results in determination of
An organism that is a member of a population of organisms
is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection.
member of
membro de
has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item.
has member
tem membro
entrada de
input of
output of
saída de
formed as result of
A relationship between a process and an anatomical entity such that the process contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the anatomical entity.
results in structural organization of
The relationship linking a cell and its participation in a process that results in the fate of the cell being specified. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment.
results in specification of
p results in developmental induction of c if and only if p is a collection of cell-cell signaling processes that signal to a neighbouring tissue that is the precursor of the mature c, where the signaling results in the commitment to cell types necessary for the formation of c.
results in developmental induction of
has dendrite location
a is attached to b if and only if a and b are discrete objects or object parts, and there are physical connections between a and b such that a force pulling a will move b, or a force pulling b will move a
attached to
m has_muscle_origin s iff m is attached_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s does not move. The site of the origin tends to be more proximal and have greater mass than what the other end attaches to.
has muscle origin
m has_muscle_insertion s iff m is attaches_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s moves. Insertions are usually connections of muscle via tendon to bone.
has muscle insertion
x has_fused_element y iff: there exists some z : x has_part z, z homologous_to y, and y is a distinct element, the boundary between x and z is largely fiat
A has_fused_element B does not imply that A has_part some B: rather than A has_part some B', where B' that has some evolutionary relationship to B.
has fused element
This relation can be used for geographic features (e.g. rivers) as well as anatomical structures (plant branches and roots, leaf veins, animal veins, arteries, nerves)
in branching relationship with
Deschutes River tributary_of Columbia River
inferior epigastric vein tributary_of external iliac vein
x tributary_of y if and only if x a channel for the flow of a substance into y, where y is larger than x. If x and y are hydrographic features, then y is the main stem of a river, or a lake or bay, but not the sea or ocean. If x and y are anatomical, then y is a vein.
tributary of
Deschutes River distributary_of Little Lava Lake
x distributary_of y if and only if x is capable of channeling the flow of a substance to y, where y channels less of the substance than x
distributary of
x anabranch_of y if x is a distributary of y (i.e. it channels a from a larger flow from y) and x ultimately channels the flow back into y.
anabranch of
x spatially_coextensive_with y if and inly if x and y have the same location
This relation is added for formal completeness. It is unlikely to be used in many practical scenarios
spatially coextensive with
x is a branching part of y if and only if x is part of y and x is connected directly or indirectly to the main stem of y
branching part of
x main_stem_of y if y is a branching structure and x is a channel that traces a linear path through y, such that x has higher capacity than any other such path.
main stem of
x proper_distributary_of y iff x distributary_of y and x does not flow back into y
proper distributary of
x proper_tributary_of y iff x tributary_of y and x does not originate from y
proper tributary of
x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction).
has developmental potential involving
x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y
has potential to developmentally contribute to
x has potential to developmentally induce y iff x developmentally induces y or x is capable of developmentally inducing y
has potential to developmentally induce
x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y
has potential to develop into
x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y
has potential to directly develop into
'protein catabolic process' SubClassOf has_direct_input some protein
This is likely to be obsoleted. A candidate replacement would be a new relation 'has bound input' or 'has substrate'
has direct input
Likely to be obsoleted. See: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QMhs9J-P_q3o_rDh-IX4ZEnz0PnXrzLRVkI3vvz8NEQ/edit
causally downstream of
immediately causally downstream of
p directly activates q if and only if p is immediately upstream of q and p is the realization of a function to increase the rate or activity of q
directly activates
indirectly activates
directly inhibits
indirectly inhibits
This relation groups causal relations between material entities and causal relations between processes
This branch of the ontology deals with causal relations between entities. It is divided into two branches: causal relations between occurrents/processes, and causal relations between material entities. We take an 'activity flow-centric approach', with the former as primary, and define causal relations between material entities in terms of causal relations between occurrents. To define causal relations in an activity-flow type network, we make use of 3 primitives: * Temporal: how do the intervals of the two occurrents relate? * Is the causal relation regulatory? * Is the influence positive or negative The first of these can be formalized in terms of the Allen Interval Algebra. Informally, the 3 bins we care about are 'direct', 'indirect' or overlapping. Note that all causal relations should be classified under a RO temporal relation (see the branch under 'temporally related to'). Note that all causal relations are temporal, but not all temporal relations are causal. Two occurrents can be related in time without being causally connected. We take causal influence to be primitive, elucidated as being such that has the upstream changed, some qualities of the donwstream would necessarily be modified. For the second, we consider a relationship to be regulatory if the system in which the activities occur is capable of altering the relationship to achieve some objective. This could include changing the rate of production of a molecule. For the third, we consider the effect of the upstream process on the output(s) of the downstream process. If the level of output is increased, or the rate of production of the output is increased, then the direction is increased. Direction can be positive, negative or neutral or capable of either direction. Two positives in succession yield a positive, two negatives in succession yield a positive, otherwise the default assumption is that the net effect is canceled and the influence is neutral. Each of these 3 primitives can be composed to yield a cross-product of different relation types.
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
causally related to
p is causally upstream of q if and only if p precedes q and p and q are linked in a causal chain
causally upstream of
p is immediately causally upstream of q iff both (a) p immediately precedes q and (b) p is causally upstream of q. In addition, the output of p must be an input of q.
immediately causally upstream of
p1 directly provides input for p2 iff there exists some c such that p1 has_output c and p2 has_input c
This is currently called 'directly provides input for' to be consistent with our terminology where we use 'direct' whenever two occurrents succeed one another directly. We may relabel this simply 'provides input for', as directness is implicit
directly provides input for
transitive form of directly_provides_input_for
This is a grouping relation that should probably not be used in annotation. Consider instead the child relation 'directly provides input for' (which may later be relabeled simply to 'provides input for')
transitively provides input for
p 'causally upstream or within' q iff (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q.
We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2
difere em
differs in
difere no atributo de
differs in attribute of
difere no atributo
differs in attribute
c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some 'p' and p' regulates some p
c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p
involved in or involved in regulation of
A protein that enables activity in a cytosol.
c executes activity in d if and only if c enables p and p occurs_in d
p contributes to morphology of w if and only if a change in the morphology of p entails a change in the morphology of w. Examples: every skull contributes to morphology of the head which it is a part of. Counter-example: nuclei do not generally contribute to the morphology of the cell they are part of, as they are buffered by cytoplasm.
A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected.
This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact.
Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules.
An interaction that holds between two genetic entities (genes, alleles) through some genetic interaction (e.g. epistasis)
An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities and are executing molecular processes that are directly causally connected.
An interaction relationship in which at least one of the partners is an organism and the other is either an organism or an abiotic entity with which the organism interacts.
An interaction relationship in which the partners are related via a feeding relationship.
An interaction relationship involving a predation process, where the subject consumes all or part of the target
is subject of predation interaction with
A biotic interaction in which the two organisms live together in more or less intimate association.
We follow GO and PAMGO in using 'symbiosis' as the broad term encompassing mutualism through parasitism
An interaction relationship between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association in a relationship in which one benefits and the other is unaffected (GO).
An interaction relationship between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association in a relationship in which both organisms benefit from each other (GO).
An interaction relationship between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association in a relationship in which association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms (GO).
This relation groups a pair of inverse relations, parasite of and parasitized by
interacts with via parasite-host interaction
Pediculus humanus capitis parasite of human
A biotic interaction relationship in which one partner is an organism and the other partner is inorganic. For example, the relationship between a sponge and the substrate to which is it anchored.
participates in a abiotic-biotic interaction with
An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y.
Holds between molecular entities a and b when the execution of a activates or inhibits the activity of b
Holds between molecules a and b if and only if a executes a process that directly diminishes a process executed by b.
Holds between molecules a and b if and only if a executes a process that directly activates a process executed by b.
all dengue disease transmitted by some mosquito
A relationship that holds between a disease and organism
A relation that holds between a disease or an organism and a phenotype
The term host is usually used for the larger (macro) of the two members of a symbiosis (GO)
This relation is intended to be used for biotic pollination - e.g. a bee pollinating a flowering plant. Some kinds of pollination may be semibiotic - e.g. wind can have the role of pollinator. We would use a separate relation for this.
is subject of pollination interaction with
is target of pollination interaction with
Intended to be used when the target of the relation is not itself consumed, and does not have integral parts consumed, but provided nutrients in some other fashion.
a is a vector for b if a carries and transmits an infectious pathogen b into another living organism
Experimental: relation used for defining interaction relations. An interaction relation holds when there is an interaction event with two partners. In a directional interaction, one partner is deemed the subject, the other the target
Experimental: relation used for defining interaction relations; the meaning of s 'subject participant in' p is determined by the type of p, where p must be a directional interaction process. For example, in a predator-prey interaction process the subject is the predator. We can imagine a reciprocal prey-predatory process with subject and object reversed.
Experimental: relation used for defining interaction relations; the meaning of s 'target participant in' p is determined by the type of p, where p must be a directional interaction process. For example, in a predator-prey interaction process the target is the prey. We can imagine a reciprocal prey-predatory process with subject and object reversed.
This property or its subproperties is not to be used directly. These properties exist as helper properties that are used to support OWL reasoning.
A relationship between a piece of evidence a and some entity b, where b is an information content entity, material entity or process, and the a supports either the existence of b, or the truth value of b.
'otolith organ' SubClassOf 'composed primarily of' some 'calcium carbonate'
x composed_primarily_of y if and only if more than half of the mass of x is made from y or units of the same type as y.
A child nucleus relationship in which the cells are part of a hermaphroditic organism
A child nucleus relationship in which the cells are part of a male organism
p has part that occurs in c if and only if there exists some p1, such that p has_part p1, and p1 occurs in c.
tem parte que ocorre em
An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to y
This is an exploratory relation. The label is taken from the FMA. It needs aligned with the neuron-specific relations such as has postsynaptic terminal in.
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, typically connecting an anatomical entity to a biological process or developmental stage.
x existence starts during y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts and before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence starts during y iff α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y).
x starts ends with y if and only if the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x existence starts with y iff α(x) = α(y).
x existence overlaps y if and only if either (a) the start of x is part of y or (b) the end of x is part of y. Formally: x existence starts and ends during y iff (α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y)) OR (ω(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) >= α(y))
The relations here were created based on work originally by Fabian Neuhaus and David Osumi-Sutherland. The work has not yet been vetted and errors in definitions may have occurred during transcription.
x existence starts and ends during y if and only if the start of x is part of y and the end of x is part of y. Formally: x existence starts and ends during y iff α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) >= α(y)
x existence ends during y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends and after or equivalent to the point at which y starts. Formally: x existence ends during y iff ω(x) <= ω(y) and ω(x) >= α(y).
x existence ends with y if and only if the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence ends with y iff ω(x) = ω(y).
x transformation of y if x is the immediate transformation of y, or is linked to y through a chain of transformation relationships
x immediate transformation of y iff x immediately succeeds y temporally at a time boundary t, and all of the matter present in x at t is present in y at t, and all the matter in y at t is present in x at t
x existence starts during or after y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x existence starts during or after y iff α (x) >= α (y).
x existence ends during or before y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends.
A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process
p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one of direct activation or direct inhibition. p may be upstream, downstream, part of or a container of q.
q towards e2 if and only if q is a relational quality such that q inheres-in some e, and e != e2 and q is dependent on e2
This relation is provided in order to support the use of relational qualities such as 'concentration of'; for example, the concentration of C in V is a quality that inheres in V, but pertains to C.
'lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate' SubClassOf has_intermediate some diaminopimelate
p has intermediate c if and only if p has parts p1, p2 and p1 has output c, and p2 has input c
The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch
causal relation between material entities
s 'determined by part of' w if and only if there exists some f such that (1) s 'determined by' f and (2) f part_of w, or f=w.
x is transcribed from y if and only if x is synthesized from template y
x is the ribosomal translation of y if and only if a ribosome reads x through a series of triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activities (GO:0030533) and produces y
Every UTR is adjacent to a CDS of the same transcript
Two consecutive DNA residues are sequentially adjacent
Two exons on a processed transcript that were previously connected by an intron are adjacent
x is sequentially adjacent to y iff x and y do not overlap and if there are no base units intervening between x and y
Every CDS has as a start sequence the start codon for that transcript
x has start sequence y if the start of x is identical to the start of y, and x has y as a subsequence
Every CDS has as an end sequence the stop codon for that transcript (note this follows from the SO definition of CDS, in which stop codons are included)
x has end sequence y if the end of x is identical to the end of y, and x has y as a subsequence
x is a consecutive sequence of y iff x has subsequence y, and all the parts of x are made of zero or more repetitions of y or sequences as the same type as y.
In the SO paper, this was defined as an instance-type relation
Human Shh and Mouse Shh are sequentially aligned, by cirtue of the fact that they derive from the same ancestral sequence.
x is sequentially aligned with if a significant portion bases of x and y correspond in terms of their base type and their relative ordering
The genomic exons of a transcript bound the sequence of the genomic introns of the same transcript (but the introns are not subsequences of the exons)
x bounds the sequence of y iff the upstream-most part of x is upstream of or coincident with the upstream-most part of y, and the downstream-most part of x is downstream of or coincident with the downstream-most part of y
x has subsequence y iff all of the sequence parts of x are sequence parts of y
x overlaps the sequence of x if and only if x has a subsequence z and z is a subsequence of y.
x does not overlaps the sequence of x if and only if there is no z such that x has a subsequence z and z is a subsequence of y.
x is downstream of the sequence of y iff either (1) x and y have sequence units, and all units of x are downstream of all units of y, or (2) x and y are sequence units, and x is either immediately downstream of y, or transitively downstream of y.
A 3'UTR is immediately downstream of the sequence of the CDS from the same monocistronic transcript
x is immediately downstream of the sequence of y iff either (1) x and y have sequence units, and all units of x are downstream of all units of y, and x is sequentially adjacent to y, or (2) x and y are sequence units, in which case the immediately downstream relation is primitive and defined by context: for DNA bases, y would be adjacent and 5' to y
is immediately downstream of sequence of
A 5'UTR is immediately upstream of the sequence of the CDS from the same monocistronic transcript
Forelimb SubClassOf has_skeleton some 'Forelimb skeleton'
A relation between a segment or subdivision of an organism and the maximal subdivision of material entities that provides structural support for that segment or subdivision.
The skeleton of a structure may be a true skeleton (for example, the bony skeleton of a hand) or any kind of support framework (the hydrostatic skeleton of a sea star, the exoskeleton of an insect, the cytoskeleton of a cell).
p results in the end of s if p results in a change of state in s whereby s either ceases to exist, or s becomes functionally impaired or s has its fate committed such that it is put on a path to be degraded.
x is a hyperparasite of y iff x is a parasite of a parasite of the target organism y
Note that parasite-of is a diret relationship, so hyperparasite-of is not considered a sub-relation, even though hyperparasitism can be considered a form of parasitism
x is an allelopath of y iff xis an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of y
x has evidence y iff , x is an information content entity, material entity or process, and y supports either the existence of x, or the truth value of x.
molecular interaction relation helper property
Holds between materal entities a and b if the activity of a is causally upstream of the activity of b, or causally upstream of a an activity that modifies b
A relation that holds between elements of a musculoskeletal system or its analogs.
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving the biomechanical processes.
m1 has_muscle_antagonist m2 iff m1 has_muscle_insertion s, m2 has_muscle_insection s, m1 acts in opposition to m2, and m2 is responsible for returning the structure to its initial position.
x is a conduit for y iff y overlaps through the lumen_of of x, and y has parts on either side of the lumen of x.
This relation holds between a thing with a 'conduit' (e.g. a bone foramen) and a 'conduee' (for example, a nerve) such that at the time the relationship holds, the conduee has two ends sticking out either end of the conduit. It should therefore note be used for objects that move through the conduit but whose spatial extent does not span the passage. For example, it would not be used for a mountain that contains a long tunnel through which trains pass. Nor would we use it for a digestive tract and objects such as food that pass through.
x lumen_of y iff x is the space or substance that is part of y and does not cross any of the inner membranes or boundaries of y that is maximal with respect to the volume of the convex hull.
s is luminal space of x iff s is lumen_of x and s is an immaterial entity
A relation that holds between an attribute or a qualifier and another attribute.
This relation is intended to be used in combination with PATO, to be able to refine PATO quality classes using modifiers such as 'abnormal' and 'normal'. It has yet to be formally aligned into an ontological framework; it's not clear what the ontological status of the "modifiers" are.
participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with
p 'directly regulates' q if and only if p and q are processes, and p regulates q, and q directly follows from p
x existence starts at point y if and only if the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y ends.
gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell'
s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p
p 'results in closure of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and p results in a state of c changing from open to closed.
p results in breakdown of c if and only if the execution of p leads to c no longer being present at the end of p
p results in catabolism of c if and only if p is a catabolic process, and the execution of p results in c being broken into smaller parts with energy being released.
p results in organization of c iff p results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of c
A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity.
causal relation between material entity and a process
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p.
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p.
renin -> arteriolar smooth muscle contraction
Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p.
Holds between a material entity c and a pathological process p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, where a inhibits p.
The entity c may be a molecular entity with a drug role, or it could be some other entity used in a therapeutic context, such as a hyperbaric chamber.
capable of inhibiting or preventing pathological process
Usage of the term 'treats' applies when we believe there to be a an inhibitory relationship
Holds between a material entity c and a pathological process p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, where a negatively regulates p.
capable of upregulating or causing pathological process
c is a substance that treats d if c is a material entity (such as a small molecule or compound) and d is a pathological process, phenotype or disease, and c is capable of some activity that negative regulates or decreases the magnitude of d.
c is marker for d iff the presence or occurrence of d is correlated with the presence of occurrence of c, and the observation of c is used to infer the presence or occurrence of d. Note that this does not imply that c and d are in a direct causal relationship, as it may be the case that there is a third entity e that stands in a direct causal relationship with c and d.
A relationship that holds between two entities, where the relationship holds based on the presence or absence of statistical dependence relationship. The entities may be statistical variables, or they may be other kinds of entities such as diseases, chemical entities or processes.
A relationship that holds between two entities, where the entities exhibit a statistical dependence relationship. The entities may be statistical variables, or they may be other kinds of entities such as diseases, chemical entities or processes.
Groups both positive and negative correlation
An instance of a sequence similarity evidence (ECO:0000044) that uses a homologous sequence UniProtKB:P12345 as support.
A relationship between a piece of evidence and an entity that plays a role in supporting that evidence.
In the Gene Ontology association model, this corresponds to the With/From field
p 'directly positively regulates' q if and only if p and q are processes, and p positively regulates q, and q directly follows from p
p 'directly negatively regulates' q if and only if p and q are processes, and p negatively regulates q, and q directly follows from p
A sub-relation of parasite-of in which the parasite lives on or in the integumental system of the host
A sub-relation of parasite-of in which the parasite lives inside the host, beneath the integumental system
A sub-relation of parasite-of in which the parasite is partially an endoparasite and partially an ectoparasite
A sub-relation of endoparasite-of in which the parasite inhabits the spaces between host cells.
A sub-relation of endoparasite-of in which the parasite inhabits host cells.
a produces b if some process that occurs_in a has_output b, where a and b are material entities. Examples: hybridoma cell line produces monoclonal antibody reagent; chondroblast produces avascular GAG-rich matrix.
Note that this definition doesn't quite distinguish the output of a transformation process from a production process, which is related to the identity/granularity issue.
produces
a produced_by b iff some process that occurs_in b has_output a.
produced by
Holds between protein a (a transcription factor) and DNA element b if and only if a diminishes the process of transcription of b.
Logical axioms to be added after the relevant branch of GO is MIREOTed in
Holds between protein a (a transcription factor) and DNA element b if and only if a activates the process of transcription of b.
Relation between a research artifact and an entity it is used to study, in virtue of its replicating or approximating features of the studied entity.
To Do: decide on scope of this relation - inclusive of computational models in domain, or only physical models? Restricted to linking biological systems and phenomena? Inclusive of only diseases in range, or broader?
The driving use case for this relation was to link a biological model system such as a cell line or model organism to a disease it is used to investigate, in virtue of the model system exhibiting features similar to that of the disease of interest.
is model of
The genetic variant 'NM_007294.3(BRCA1):c.110C>A (p.Thr37Lys)' casues or contributes to the disease 'familial breast-ovarian cancer'. An environment of exposure to arsenic causes or contributes to the phenotype of patchy skin hyperpigmentation, and the disease 'skin cancer'.
A relationship between an entity (a genotype, genetic variation or environment) and a condition (a phenotype or disease) where the entity has some causal or contributing role that influences the condition.
Note that relationships of phenotypes to organisms/strains that bear them, or diseases they are manifest in, should continue to use RO:0002200 ! 'has phenotype' and RO:0002201 ! 'phenotype of'.
Genetic variations can span any level of granularity from a full genome or genotype to an individual gene or sequence alteration. These variations can be represented at the physical level (DNA/RNA macromolecules or their parts, as in the ChEBI ontology and Molecular Sequence Ontology) or at the abstract level (generically dependent continuant sequence features that are carried by these macromolecules, as in the Sequence Ontology and Genotype Ontology). The causal relations in this hierarchy can be used in linking either physical or abstract genetic variations to phenotypes or diseases they cause or contribute to. Environments include natural environments or exposures, experimentally applied conditions, or clinical interventions.
causes or contributes to condition
A relationship between an entity (a genotype, genetic variation or environment) and a condition (a phenotype or disease) where the entity has a causal role for the condition.
causes condition
A relationship between an entity (a genotype, genetic variation or environment) and a condition (a phenotype or disease) where the entity has some contributing role in the manifestation of the condition.
contributes to condition
A relationship between an entity (a genotype, genetic variation or environment) and a condition (a phenotype or disease) where the entity influences the severity with which a condition manifests in an individual.
contributes to expressivity of condition
contributes to severity of condition
A relationship between an entity (a genotype, genetic variation or environment) and a condition (a phenotype or disease) where the entity influences the frequency of the condition in a population.
contributes to frequency of condition
A relationship between an entity (a genotype, genetic variation or environment) and a condition (a phenotype or disease) where the entity prevents or reduces the severity of a condition.
is preventative for condition
A relationship between an entity and a condition (phenotype or disease) with which it exhibits a statistical dependence relationship.
correlated with condition
DEPRECATED This relation is similar to but different in important respects to the characteristic-of relation. See comments on that relation for more information.
DEPRECATED inheres in
é inerente
DEPRECATED bearer of
portador de
A diagnostic testing device utilizes a specimen.
X device utilizes material Y means X and Y are material entities, and X is capable of some process P that has input Y.
A diagnostic testing device utilizes a specimen means that the diagnostic testing device is capable of an assay, and this assay a specimen as its input.
See github ticket https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/issues/497
device utilizes material
dispositivo utiliza material
A relation between a cell and molecule or complex such that every instance of the cell has a high number of instances of that molecule expressed on the cell surface. For the formal definition, see Masci et al (PMID:19243617).
A relation between a cell and molecule or complex such that every instance of the cell has a low number of instances of that molecule expressed on the cell surface. For the formal definition, see Masci et al (PMID:19243617).
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 exactly 0 ?Y
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 exactly 0 (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)
q1 decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) < magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'decreased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'.
q1 different_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) NOT =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
q1 increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) > magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'increased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'.
A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B.
'is related to' is the top level relation in SIO
is related to
is provider of is a relation between a source and the entity it makes available.
is provider of
is provided by is a relation between an entity and the entity that provides it.
has provider
is source of is a relation between a source of information about some entity.
is source of
has source is a relation between an entity and another entity from which it stems from.
has source
Has creator is a relation between an entity and that which created it.
the iPhone was created by Apple Inc
is created by
was created by
has creator
is creator of is a relation between a creator and an entity..
is creator of
is comparable to is a relation between two entities that share at least one feature whose value can be compared.
is comparable to
is identical to is a relation between two objects that are conceptually the same notwithstanding provenance or other non-intrinsic attributes.
is identical to
has measurement value
tem valor de medição
has_feature_value
A Segunda Guerra Mundial
Julius Caesar
Júlio César
Requiem de Verdi
Verdi’s Requiem
o seu índice de massa corporal
the Second World War
your body mass index
A entidade não tem um axioma de fechamento porque as subclasses não esgotam necessariamente todas as possibilidades. Por exemplo, as “porções da realidade” de Werner Ceusters incluem 4 tipos: entidades (como interpretado na BFO), universais, configurações e relações. Ainda é uma questão aberto saber como as entidades da BFO vão em algum momento incluir também outras porções da realidade. Veja por exemplo "How to track absolutely everything” em http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81
Referência da BFO 2: em todas as áreas de investigação empírica encontram-se termos gerais de dois tipos. O primeiro corresponde a termos gerais que são usados para fazer referência a universais ou tipos: animal, tuberculose, doença, procedimento cirúrgico, etc. O segundo corresponde a termos gerais usados para fazer referência a grupos de entidades que instanciam um universal, mas que não correspondem à extensão de qualquer sub-universal desse universal, porque não há nada intrínseco às entidades em questão uma vez que elas – e somente elas – são consideradas pertencentes ao grupo em questão. Exemplos são: animal comprado pelo Imperador, tuberculose diagnosticada na quarta feira, procedimento cirúrgico realizado em um paciente de Estocolmo, pessoa identificada como candidato para teste clínico # 2056-555, pessoa que é signatária do formulário 656-PPV, pintado por Leonardo da Vinci. Esses termos, representam o que se costuma chamar de "especializações" em [81]
Uma entidade é tudo o que existe ou existiu ou existirá. (Rótulo axioma na Referência da Referência da BFO2 : [001-001])
entidade
entity
BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240
O continuante não tem um axioma de fechamento porque as subclasses não esgotam necessariamente todas as possibilidades. Por exemplo, em uma expansão que envolve outras porções da realidade de Ceusters pode-se questionar se universais são continuantes.
Referência da BFO 2: entidades continuantes são entidades que podem ser divididas para produzir partes apenas na dimensão espacial, resultando, por exemplo, nas partes de uma mesa que chamamos de pernas, tampo, parafusos. "Minha mesa se estende desde a janela até a porta”: ela tem partes espaciais e pode ser dividida espacialmente em duas. Com respeito ao tempo, no entanto, coisas são continuantes. [60, p. 240]
Um continuante é uma entidade que persiste, que se mantém, ou continua a existir ao longo do tempo, enquanto mantém sua identidade. (Rótulo axioma na Referência da BFO2 : [008-002])
continuant
continuante
BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region
BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players.
Ocorrentes não não tem um axioma de fechamento porque as subclasses não esgotam necessariamente todas as possibilidades. Um exemplo seria a soma de um processo e o limite entre um processo e outro.
Referência BFO 2: cada ocorrência que não é uma região temporal ou espaço-temporal é especificamente dependente de algum continuante independente que não é uma região espacial.
Referência da BFO 2: a dependência específica é obtida entre cada processo e seus participantes no sentido de que, por uma questão de necessidade, este processo não poderia ter existido a menos que estes ou aqueles participantes tenham existido também. Um processo pode ter uma sucessão de participantes em diferentes fases do seu desenvolvimento. Assim, pode haver diferentes jogadores em campo em momentos diferentes durante o curso de um jogo de futebol; mas o processo que constitui a totalidade do jogo depende especificamente ainda assim de todos esses jogadores. Algumas partes temporais deste processo dependem especificamente apenas de alguns dos jogadores.
Simons usa uma terminologia diferente para as relações entre ocorrentes e regiões: representar o local espaço-temporal de um dado ocorrente “e” por “spn [e]” e chamar esta região a sua extensão. Pode-se dizer que um ocorrente está na sua extensão, em qualquer região maior, e abrange qualquer região menor. Agora supondo que se tenha fixado um quadro de referência para que possa falar não só do espaço-temporal, mas também das regiões espaciais (locais) e as regiões temporais (tempos). A propagação de uma ocorrente (relativa a um quadro de referência) é o espaço que ele ocupa exatamente, e sua extensão é também exatamente o tempo que ocupa. Escreve-se “spr[e]” e “spl[e]”, respectivamente, para a propagação intervalo de “e”, omitindo a menção ao quadro de referência.
Um ocorrente é uma entidade que se desdobra no tempo ou é o limite instantâneo dessa entidade (por exemplo, um começar ou um finalizar) ou é uma região temporal ou espaço-temporal a qual tal entidade que ocupa uma região temporal (occupies_temporal_region) ou ocupa uma região espaço temporal (occupies_spatiotemporal_region). (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [077-002])
occurrent
ocorrente
a chair
a heart
a leg
a molecule
a parte inferior direita de um tronco humano
a spatial region
an atom
an orchestra.
an organism
o interior de sua boca
the bottom right portion of a human torso
the interior of your mouth
um coração
um organismo
um átomo
uma molécula
uma orquestra
uma perna
uma região espacial
“b” é um continuante independente = Def. “b“ é um continuante tal que não existe nenhum “c“ e nenhum t de forma que b depende especificamente (s-depende) de “c“ em t. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [017-002])
continuante independente
independent continuant
A região espacial não tem um axioma de fechamento porque as subclasses não esgotam todas as possibilidades. Um exemplo seria a união de um ponto no espaço e uma linha no espaço que não se sobrepõe ao ponto; ou duas linhas no espaço que se cruzam em um único ponto. Em ambos os casos, a região espacial resultante não é nem dimensão zero, nem unidimensional, bidimensional ou tridimensional.
BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes.
Referência da BFO 2: regiões espaciais não participam de processos.
A região espacial é uma entidade continuante que é uma parte_continuante_de um espaço R como definido em relação a algum forma de R. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 a: [035-001])
região espacial
spatial region
Uma região temporal não tem um axioma de fechamento porque as subclasses não esgotam todas as possibilidades. Um exemplo seria a soma mereológica de um instante temporal e um intervalo temporal que não se sobrepõe ao instante. Neste caso, a região temporal resultante não é nem dimensão zero e nem unidimensional.
Uma região temporal é uma entidade ocorrente que é parte do tempo, tal como definido em relação a algum quadro de referência. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [100-001])
região temporal
temporal region
a superfície de uma peça em forma de esfera do espaço
an infinitely thin plane in space.
the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space
um plano infinitamente fino no espaço.
Uma região espacial bidimensional é uma região espacial de duas dimensões. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [039-001])
região espacial bidimensional
two-dimensional spatial region
a região espaço temporal ocupada pelo desenvolvimento de um tumor cancerígeno
a região espaço temporal ocupada por um processo de meiose celular.
região espaço temporal ocupada por uma vida humana
the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life
the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis.
the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
Uma região espaço-temporal é uma entidade ocorrente que faz parte do espaço-tempo. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [095-001])
região espaço-temporal
spatiotemporal region
a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart
a process of meiosis
a process of sleeping
a vida de um organismo
o curso de uma doença
o vôo de um pássaro
the course of a disease
the flight of a bird
the life of an organism
um processo de divisão celular, a batida do coração
um processo de dormir
um processo de meiose
your process of aging.
p é um processo = Def. “p” é um ocorrente que tem partes próprias temporais e por algum tempo t, “p” depende especificamente (s-depends_on) de alguma entidade material em t. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [083-003])
BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war)
Referência BFO 2: o reino dos ocorrentes é menos pervasivamente marcado pela presença de unidades naturais do que o reino dos continuantes independentes. Assim, não há aqui uma contrapartida para “objeto”. Na BFO 1.0, “processo” era tal contrapartida; na BFO 2.0, processo é, ao contrário, a contrapartida ocorrente de “entidade material”. Aquelas unidades naturais – em contraste com as manufaturadas, o que significa deliberadamente criadas – que não existem no reino dos ocorrentes são tipicamente ou parasitas a existência de unidades naturais do lado continuantes, ou fiat por natureza. Assim pode-se contar vidas, pode-se contar jogos de futebol, pode-se contar reações químicas realizadas em experimentos ou na indústria química. Não se pode contar processos que ocorrem, por exemplo, em um episódio de acasalamento de insetos. Mesmo onde unidades naturais são identificáveis, por exemplo, fases em um processo cíclico como a batida de um coração ou o ciclo sono/vigília de um organismo, os processos em questão formam uma sequência sem descontinuidades (lacunas temporais) do tipo que se encontra, por exemplo, onde as bolas de bilhar ou peixe-zebra ou planetas são separadas por lacunas espaciais bem definidas. As vidas de organismos são unidades de processo, mas eles por sua vez se desdobram em uma série contínua de outros processos prévios como a fertilização; e se desdobram na série contínua de processos pós vida, tais como a decomposição post-mortem. Exemplos claros de limites de processos são quase sempre do tipo fiat (meia-noite, a hora da morte conforme declarado numa sala de operações ou em um atestado de óbito, o início de um estado de guerra).
process
processo
a parede celular está adaptada para filtrar produtos químicos na endocitose e exocitose
an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y
certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer
certas pessoas têm uma predisposição ao câncer de cólon
children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.
crianças são naturalmente dispostas a categorizar objetos de determinadas maneiras.
the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis
um átomo do elemento X tem a disposição de se desintegrar em um átomo de elemento Y
BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type.
Referência da BFO2: disposições existem ao longo de um espectro de acordo com sua força. Formas mais fracas de disposição são realizadas em apenas uma fração de casos desencadeados. Estas formas ocorrem em um número significativo de casos de um tipo semelhante.
“b” é uma disposição: “b” é uma entidade realizável & o portador de “b” é uma entidade material & “b” é tal que, se ele deixa de existir, então seu portador muda fisicamente & realização de “b” ocorre quando e porque este portador está em alguma circunstância física especial & esta realização ocorre em virtude da composição física do portador. (Rótulo do axioma na Referência da BFO2: [062-002])
disposition
disposição
a disposição de seu sangue a coagular
a disposição desta peça de metal para conduzir eletricidade.
a função de seus órgãos reprodutivos
o papel de um médico
o papel do limite para delinear onde se encontram Utah e Colorado
the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.
the disposition of your blood to coagulate
the function of your reproductive organs
the role of being a doctor
the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet
Dizer que “b” é uma entidade realizável é dizer que “b” é um continuante especificamente dependente, o qual é inerente a algum continuante independente, e ainda: i) não é uma região espacial; ii) é um tipo de instância que é realizada em certos tipos de processos correlacionados. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [058-002])
entidade realizável
realizable entity
Uma região espacial de dimensão zero é um ponto no espaço. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [037-001])
região espacial de dimensão zero
zero-dimensional spatial region
a cor de um tomate
a forma de sua narina
a forma do seu nariz
a massa desta peça de ouro
a temperatura ambiente desta porção de ar
o comprimento da circunferência da sua cintura
the ambient temperature of this portion of air
the color of a tomato
the length of the circumference of your waist
the mass of this piece of gold.
the shape of your nose
the shape of your nostril
Uma qualidade é um continuante especificamente dependente que, ao contrário de papéis e disposições, não necessita de qualquer processo adicional para ser realizado. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [055-001])
qualidade
quality
A função desse coração de bombear o sangue
Continuantes especificamente dependentes recíprocos: a função desta chave em abrir a fechadura; a disposição mutuamente dependente da fechadura em ser aberta por esta mesma chave.
Exemplo de continuantes dependentes relacionais (múltiplos portadores): o amor de João por Maria; a relação de propriedade entre João e a estátua; a relação de autoridade entre João e seus subordinados.
Exemplo de um continuante dependente específico com apenas um portador: a massa desse tomate
Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key
a cor rosa da parte central de um bife de filé mignon grelhado
a dependência mútua do papel de predador e do papel de presa desempenhado por dois organismos em uma determinada interação
a dependência mútua dos doadores e receptores de prótons em reações químicas [79]
a disposição desse peixe de apodrecer
a forma desse buraco
o cheiro desta porção de mussarela
o papel de ser um médico
of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato
of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.
the disposition of this fish to decay
the function of this heart: to pump blood
the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79
the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction
the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center
the shape of this hole.
the smell of this portion of mozzarella
“b” é um continuante especificamente dependente = Def. “b” é um continuante e existe um continuante independente “c” que não é uma região espacial, o qual é tal que b “depende especificamente de c” em cada momento t no curso da existência de “b”. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [050-003])
O continuante especificamente dependente não tem axioma de fechamento porque as subclasses não esgotam necessariamente todas as possibilidades. Não se tem certeza do que mais pode ser desenvolvido aqui, mas por exemplo, existem questões tais o que são promessas, obrigações, etc.
continuante especificamente dependente
specifically dependent continuant
John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
O papel de João de ser marido de Maria é dependente do papel de Maria esposa de João, e ambos são dependentes do objeto agregado que compreende João e Maria como partes que estão unidas através da qualidade relacional de ser casado.
O papel de padre
O papel do estudante
o papel de um edifício para servir como um alvo militar
o papel de um limite para demarcar dois territórios administrativos vizinhos
o papel de uma pedra na demarcação de um limite de propriedade
o papel do sujeito de um teste clínico
the priest role
the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories
the role of a building in serving as a military target
the role of a stone in marking a property boundary
the role of subject in a clinical trial
the student role
BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives.
Referência da BFO 2: Uma importante família de exemplos de universais não-rígidos envolve os papéis; ontologias desenvolvidas para fins administrativos podem ser construídas inteiramente com representantes de entidades desse tipo. Assim, o papel "professor" definido como segue denota um universal não-rígido, assim como 'enfermeira', 'estudante', 'coronel', 'contribuinte', e assim por diante (esses termos são todos, no jargão da Filosofia, sortais de fase): “b” é instância_de professor em t = Def. existe algum “c”, tal que “c” é instância_de papel de professor & “c” é_inerente_a “b“ em t. Ao usar termos de papéis nas definições pode-se criar um tratamento de tais entidades que é conforme a BFO pelo fato de que, enquanto uma instância de professor pode simultaneamente ser uma instância de membro do sindicato, nenhuma instância do tipo papel de professor pode ser também (em algum momento) uma instância do tipo papel de membro do sindicato (não mais que qualquer instância do tipo cor pode ser a qualquer momento uma instância do tipo comprimento). Se uma ontologia de cargos de trabalho é definida em termos de papéis de acordo com o padrão acima, a ontologia representa adequadamente o fato de que os indivíduos instanciam os universais correspondentes – professor, sargento, enfermeira – apenas durante certas fases de suas vidas.
“b“ é um papel significa: “b“ é uma entidade realizável & “b“ existe porque há um único portador em algum conjunto especial de circunstâncias físicas, sociais ou institucionais em que esse portador não tem que estar & “b“ não é tal que, se ele deixa de existir, a composição física do portador é alterada daí em diante. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [061-001])
papel
role
Ou com divisões desenhadas por sujeitos cognitivos, por razões práticas, tais como a divisão de um bolo (antes de cortar) em (o que se tornarão) fatias (e, portanto, partes membros de um objeto agregado). No entanto, isso não significa que as partes fiat do objeto dependam para a sua existência das divisões ou delimitações efetuadas por sujeitos cognitivos. Se, por exemplo, é correto conceber camadas geológicas da Terra como partes fiat do objeto Terra, então, mesmo que essas camadas sejam delineadas pela primeira vez em tempos recentes, elas já existiam muito antes de tal delimitação e o que se mantém dessas camadas (por exemplo, que as camadas mais antigas são também as camadas mais baixas) não teve início ou se manteve por causa de atos humanos de delineamento. No tratamento da entidade material na BFO, exemplos vistos por alguns como casos problemáticos para a tricotomia da parte fiat do objeto, objeto, e objeto agregado incluem: um mexilhão sobre (e conectado a) uma rocha, um fungo, uma pizza, uma nuvem, uma galáxia, um trem com motor e vários vagões, uma comunidade bacteriana, um fêmur quebrado. Note-se que, como Aristóteles já reconhecia, tais casos problemáticos – os quais estão na penumbra (ou perto dela) de instâncias definidas pelas categorias em questão – necessariamente não invalidam essas categorias. A existência de objetos da cor cinza não prova que não existem objetos que são pretos e objetos que são brancos; a existência de mulas não prova que não existem objetos que são burros e objetos que são cavalos. No entanto, mostram que os exemplos em questão precisam ser tratados com cuidado, a fim de mostrar como podem se encaixar no esquema proposto, por exemplo, por reconhecimento de subdivisões suplementares [29]
a FMA: partes regionais de um corpo humano intacto
a divisão do cérebro em regiões
a divisão do planeta em hemisférios
hemisfério ocidental da Terra
or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29
os lobos superiores e inferiores do pulmão esquerdo
superfícies dorsal e ventral do corpo
the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body.
the Western hemisphere of the Earth
the division of the brain into regions
the division of the planet into hemispheres
the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body
the upper and lower lobes of the left lung
BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions
Referência da BFO 2: a maioria dos exemplos de objetos fiat está associados a divisões teoricamente desenhadas.
“b” é uma parte fiat de objeto = Def. “b” é uma entidade material tal que, para todos os tempos t, se “b” existir em t e então existe um objeto “c” de tal modo que “b” é parte própria de continuante “c” em t, e “c” é delimitado do restante do objeto “c” por um limite fiat de continuante bidimensional. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [027-004])
fiat object part
parte fiat de objeto
an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space.
uma borda de uma porção do espaço em forma de cubo.
A região espacial unidimensional é uma linha ou um agregado de linhas que se estendem de um ponto a outro no espaço. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [038-001])
one-dimensional spatial region
região espacial unidimensional
a collection of cells in a blood biobank.
a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds
a symphony orchestra
an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team)
defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization
defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite
defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container
defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital
definido através de por estar contido em limites físicos: o agregado de moléculas de dióxido de carbono num recipiente selado
definido por critérios fiat: o agregado de membros de uma organização
definido via limitações atributivas: os pacientes deste hospital
o agregado de células do sangue em seu corpo
o agregado de rolamentos em um articulação de eixo de velocidade constante
os restaurantes em Palo Alto
os átomos de nitrogênio na atmosfera
sua coleção de placas cerâmicas Meissen.
the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint
the aggregate of blood cells in your body
the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere
the restaurants in Palo Alto
um conjunto de células em um biobanco.
um enxame de abelhas é um agregado de membros ligados entre si através de ligações naturais
uma organização é um agregado cujas partes que são membros têm papéis de tipos específicos (por exemplo em uma banda de jazz, um clube de xadrez, um time de futebol)
uma orquestra sinfônica
your collection of Meissen ceramic plates.
Uma entidade “a” é um objeto agregado, se e somente se, existe um partição disjunta e mutualmente exclusiva de “a” nos objetos.
definida através de conexão física: o agregado de átomos em um pedaço de granito
BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee).
Referência da BFO 2: objetos agregados podem ganhar e perder partes mantendo-se numericamente idênticos (único e o mesmo indivíduo) ao longo do tempo. Isso vale tanto para os agregados cuja adesão é determinada naturalmente (agregado de células no seu corpo) e para aqueles agregados determinados por uma divisão fiat (um time de beisebol, uma comissão do Congresso).
“b” é um objeto agregado: “b” é uma entidade material constituída exatamente de uma pluralidade de objetos como “partes_membros” em todos momentos em que “b” existe. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [025-004])
object aggregate
objeto agregado
a cube-shaped region of space
a sphere-shaped region of space,
Uma região espacial tridimensional é uma região espacial de três dimensões. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [040-001])
uma região espacial em forma de cubo
uma região espacial em forma de esfera
região espacial tridimensional
three-dimensional spatial region
Manhattan Canyon)
a Piazza San Marco
a cabine de um avião
a cavidade do seu intestino
a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese
a rabbit hole
an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport
o Grand Canyon
o Manhattan Canyon
o interior de seu escritório
o interior de sua geladeira
o interior de uma bolsa de canguru
o interior do porta-malas de seu carro
o interior do seu quarto
o porão de um navio
sua narina esquerda (uma parte fiat - a abertura - de sua cavidade nasal esquerda)
the Grand Canyon
the Piazza San Marco
the cockpit of an aircraft
the hold of a ship
the interior of a kangaroo pouch
the interior of the trunk of your car
the interior of your bedroom
the interior of your office
the interior of your refrigerator
the lumen of your gut
um buraco de coelho
um orifício no interior de uma porção de queijo
uma região de controle do tráfego aéreo definida no espaço aéreo acima de um aeroporto
your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity)
“b“ é um local: “b“ é uma entidade imaterial tridimensional que é delimitada (parcialmente ou totalmente) por uma entidade material, ou é uma parte imaterial tridimensional da mesma. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [034-002])
lugar
site
artefatos de engenharia
atom
cell
cells and organisms
célula
célula e organismos
engineered artifacts
estrela
grain of sand
grão de areia
molecule
molécula
organela
organelle
organism
organismo
planet
planeta
porções sólidas da matéria
solid portions of matter
star
átomo
BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting.
BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below).
BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47
BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity
BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74
Referência da BFO 2: dizer que “b” é unificado casualmente significa: “b” é uma entidade material e suas partes materiais são unidas de tal maneira que, em ambientes típicos para as entidades do tipo em questão: i) se “c”, um continuante parte de “b” que está no interior de “b” em t, é maior do que um determinado limite de tamanho (que vai ser determinado de forma diferente em cada caso dependendo de fatores tais como a porosidade da cobertura externa) e ii) “c” é movido no espaço para estar em t em um local no exterior da região espacial que tinha sido ocupada por “b” em t; então outras partes de ”b” serão movidas de forma coordenada ou “b” será danificado (por exemplo, pode quebrar ou rasgar) no intervalo entre t e t. Mudanças causais em uma parte de “b” podem ter consequências para outras partes de “b” sem a mediação de qualquer entidade que se encontra no exterior do “b”. Entidades materiais, sem partes próprias materiais, poderiam satisfazer estas condições trivialmente. Exemplos de tipos de unidade causal para entidades materiais de tipos mais complexos são (lista não exaustiva): UC1 – unidade causal via cobertura física; aqui as partes no interior da entidade unificada são combinadas causalmente através uma membrana comum ou através outra cobertura física; os últimos pontos externos podem ter função protetora em relação ao que se encontra no exterior da entidade [13, 47]
Referência da BFO 2: A BFO se fundamenta no pressuposto de que múltiplas escalas da realidade – micro, meso e macroscópica – apresentam certas unidades materiais espacialmente separadas ou separáveis, estáveis, combinadas ou combináveis em agregados de vários tipos (por exemplo, os organismos compõem o que é chamado de "população”'). Tais unidades desempenham papel central em quase todos os domínios da ciência natural, desde física de partículas até a cosmologia. Muitas leis científicas governam as unidades em questão, empregando termos gerais (como "molécula" ou "planeta") para se referir aos tipos e subtipos de unidades, e também para se referir aos tipos e subtipos dos processos através dos quais as unidades se desenvolvem e interagem. A divisão da realidade em tais unidades naturais é o centro das ciências biológicas, como também é central o fato de que estas unidades podem formar unidades de nível mais elevado (como células que formam organismos multicelulares) além de também formar agregados de unidades, por exemplo, como células formando porções de tecidos e órgãos que formam famílias, rebanhos, raças, espécies e assim por diante. Ao mesmo tempo, a divisão de certas porções da realidade em unidades industrializadas (artefatos fabricados) é a base da moderna tecnologia industrial, a qual repousa na produção em massa e na distribuição de partes industrializadas através da divisão do trabalho e na montagem de unidades compostas maiores tais como automóveis e computadores. A divisão de porções da realidade em unidades é um ponto de partida para o fenômeno da contagem.
Referência da BFO 2: cada objeto é tal que existem entidades das quais pode-se dizer, sem dificuldade, que se encontram no interior do objeto; e outras entidades das quais se pode afirmar, da mesma forma, que se encontram no exterior do objeto. Isto pode não ocorrer para entidades que se encontram no limite ou perto do limite entre o interior e exterior. Assim, dois objetos – como por exemplo as duas células – podem ser tal que existam entidades materiais que atravessam as fronteiras de uma determinada célula. Algo semelhante ocorre em certos casos de gêmeos siameses.
Referência da BFO 2: um objeto é uma entidade material maximamente conectada por via causal.
Referência da BFO 2: “objetos” são por vezes chamados de "fragmentos" [74]
b é um objeto: b é uma entidade material que se manifesta em unidade causal de um ou outro dos tipos CUn listados acima e é de um tipo (um material universal) de instância das quais são máximas em relação a este critério de unidade de causalidade. (Etiqueta axioma em BFO2 Referência: [024-001])
object
objeto
A sequência desta molécula de proteína; a sequência que é uma cópia da mesma molécula de proteína mencionada.
As entradas de um banco de dados são padrões instanciados como instâncias de qualidades em um disco rígido; o banco de dados em si é um agregado de tais padrões. Quando cria-se o banco de dados, cria-se uma instância específica do banco de dados do tipo continuante genericamente dependente. Cada entrada no banco de dados é uma instância do tipo continuante genericamente dependente, um tipo IAO: entidade_de_conteúdo_informacional.
The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity.
o arquivo pdf em seu notebook, o arquivo pdf que é uma cópia do mesmo arquivo pdf mencionado no meu notebook
the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop
the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule.
“b” é um continuante genericamente dependente = Def. “b“ é um continuante que depende genericamente (g-depends) de uma ou mais outras entidades. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [074-001])
continuante genericamente dependente
generically dependent continuant
a função da amilase na saliva para quebrar o amido em açúcar
a função de um martelo para bater pregos
a função do marca-passo cardíaco em regular a batida de um coração via eletricidade
the function of a hammer to drive in nails
the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity
the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar
BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc.
Referência da BFO 2: no passado, distinguiu-se duas variedades de função: i) função de artefato; ii) função biológica. Estas duas não são subtipos declarados de BFO:função, porém, a mesma função pode existir tanto em artefatos e quanto em entidades biológicas, por exemplo: bombear, transportar, etc. Os subtipos declarados de função que seriam necessários a fim de produzir uma mono-hierarquia em separado não são funções de artefatos, função biológica, etc, mas a função de transportar, a função de bombear, etc.
Uma função é uma disposição que existe em virtude da composição física do portador. Esta composição física é algo que o portador possui porque ele veio a existir, quer através da evolução (no caso de entidades biológicas naturais) ou através de um projeto intencional (no caso de artefatos), a fim de realizar processos de certo tipo. (Rótulo axioma na Referência da BFO2: [064-001]).
function
função
a fronteira entre o 2º e o 3º ano de sua vida.
the boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life.
p é um limite de processo = Def. “p” é uma parte temporal do processo e “p” não tem partes próprias temporais. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [084-001])
limite de processo
process boundary
a região temporal durante a qual ocorre um processo.
the temporal region during which a process occurs.
BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks).
Referência BFO 2: Um intervalo temporal é um tipo especial de região temporal unidimensional, à saber, aquela que é auto conectada (sem falhas ou quebras).
Uma região temporal unidimensional é uma região temporal que é estendida. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [103-001])
one-dimensional temporal region
região temporal unidimensional
a flame
a forest fire
a human being
a hurricane
a photon
a puff of smoke
a sea wave
a tornado
an aggregate of human beings.
an energy wave
an epidemic
o braço não destacado de um ser humano
the undetached arm of a human being
um furacão
um fóton
um incêndio florestal
um ser humano
um tornado
um total de seres humanos.
uma chama
uma epidemia
uma nuvem de fumaça
uma onda de energia
uma onda do mar
BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60
BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity.
BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here.
Referência da BFO 2: Objeto, parte fiat do objeto e objeto agregado não pretendem ser exaustivos com relação as possibilidades da Entidade Material. Usuários estão convidados a propor novas subcategorias para Entidade Material.
Referência da BFO 2: entidades materiais (continuantes) podem preservar sua identidade, mesmo ganhando e perdendo partes materiais. Em oposição aos continuantes, ocorrentes se desdobram em sucessivas partes temporais ou fases [60]
Referência da BFO 2: pretende-se que "matéria" englobe tanto massa quanto energia (vai-se abordar o tratamento ontológico de porções de energia em uma versão posterior do BFO). Uma porção de matéria é qualquer coisa que inclui partículas elementares entre suas partes próprias ou não: quarks e leptons (incluindo elétrons) como as menores partículas até agora descobertos; bárions (incluindo prótons e nêutrons) em nível mais elevado de granularidade; átomos e moléculas em níveis ainda mais elevados, formando células, órgãos, organismos e outras entidades materiais estudadas por biólogos; as porções de rochas estudadas pelos geólogos, os fósseis estudados por paleontólogos, e assim por diante. Entidades materiais são tridimensionais (entidades estendidas em três dimensões espaciais), em oposição aos processos dos quais participam, os quais são entidades de quatro dimensões (entidades estendidas também ao longo da dimensão temporal). De acordo com a FMA, entidades materiais podem ter entidades imateriais como partes – incluindo a entidades identificadas abaixo como sites; por exemplo, o interior (ou "lumen" = cavidade) do intestino delgado é uma parte do corpo. BFO 2.0 incorpora a decisão da FMA nesse quesito.
A entidade material é um continuante independente que tem uma porção de matéria como parte própria (continuante) ou não parte própria. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [019-002])
entidade material
material entity
”b” é um limite fiat de continuante = Def. ”b” é uma entidade imaterial de zero, uma ou duas dimensões e não inclui uma região espacial como parte. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [029-001])
BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions.
BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29
O limite fiat de continuante não tem um axioma de fechamento porque as subclasses não esgotam necessariamente todas as possibilidades. Um exemplo seria a soma mereológica de um limite fiat de continuante bidimensional e um limite fiat de continuante unidimensional que não se sobrepõe. A situação é análoga para as regiões temporais e espaciais.
Referência da BFO 2: um limite fiat de continuante unidimensional é um limite de uma entidade material (por exemplo: o plano que separa os hemisférios norte e sul; o Polo Norte), ou é um limite de alguma entidade imaterial (por exemplo, de uma parte do espaço aéreo). Pode-se distinguir três tipos básicos de limite fiat continuante (em conjunto com vários tipos de combinação) [29]
Referência da BFO 2: Na BFO 1.1 assumiu-se que a superfície externa de uma entidade material, tal como uma célula, poderia ser tratada como um limite no sentido matemático. A nova versão propõe a visão de que, quando se fala de superfícies externas dos objetos materiais dessa forma, está se falando de alguma coisa fiat. Para ser tratado em uma versão futura: limites fiat em diferentes níveis de granularidade. De forma mais genérica, o foco em discussão dos limites na BFO 2.0 está agora nos limites fiat, o que significa: limites para as quais não se assume que exista coincidência com descontinuidades físicas. A ontologia de limites torna-se mais intimamente alinhada com a ontologia de regiões.
continuant fiat boundary
limite fiat de continuante
BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10
Referência da BFO 2: entidades imateriais são divididas em dois subgrupos: limites e locais, o quais são limitados ou demarcados em relação a entidades materiais, e os quais podem assim alterar sua localização, forma e tamanho quando seus portadores materiais se movem ou mudam de forma ou tamanho (por exemplo: a sua passagem nasal, o porão de um navio; o limite de Gales, que se move com a rotação da Terra) [38, 7, 10]
entidade imaterial
immaterial entity
A linha do Equador
The Equator
a linha que separa a superfície exterior da mucosa do lábio inferior da superfície externa da pele do queixo
all geopolitical boundaries
all lines of latitude and longitude
o sulco mediano da sua língua
the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin.
the median sulcus of your tongue
todas as fronteiras geopolíticas
todas as linhas de latitude e longitude
Um limite fiat de continuante unidimensional é uma linha contínua fiat cuja localização é definida em relação a uma entidade de material. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [032-001])
limite fiat de continuante unidimensional
one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
Em um nível complexo os perfis de processo são o que se pode chamar de perfis de processo de taxas, que são os alvos de uma abstração seletiva que enfatiza, não determinadas magnitudes de qualidade traçadas ao longo do tempo, mas sim em certas taxas entre estas magnitudes e tempos decorridos. Um perfil de processo de velocidade, por exemplo, é representado por um gráfico que traça em relação ao tempo a taxa entre a distância percorrida por unidade de tempo. Uma vez que taxas podem mudar, e uma vez que tais mudanças, também, podem ter taxas de mudança, é preciso lidar com uma hierarquia de universais de perfis de processo em níveis sucessivos.
On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels
One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance.
Os tipos mais simples de perfil de processo são o que vai chamar “perfis de processo de qualidade” que são os perfis de processos que servem de ponto de convergência da espécie de abstração seletiva envolvida quando as medições são feitas a partir de mudanças nas qualidades individuais, como ilustrado, por exemplo, por perfis de processo de massa, temperatura, pressão da aorta, e assim por diante.
The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on.
Uma importante subfamília de perfis de processo de taxas é ilustrada pela batida ou perfis de frequência de processos cíclicos, ilustrados pelos 60 batimentos por minutos do processo de batimento do coração de John, ou nos 120 batimentos por minutos do processo de percussão em uma das apresentações de John em uma banda de rock, e assim por diante. Cada processo como este inclui o que vai se chamar uma instância do perfil processo de bater como parte, um subtipo de perfil da taxa processo em que a taxa em questão não é distância percorrida, mas sim o número de ciclos de batida por unidade de tempo. Cada instância do perfil processo de bater instancia determinado perfil de processo universal de bater. Mas também instancia vários universais mais especializados em níveis mais baixos de generalidade, selecionados a partir de perfil de processo de taxa regular, perfil de processo de taxa de batimento 3bpm, perfil de processo de taxa de 4 batimento bpm, perfil de processo de batimento irregular, perfil de processo de batimento crescente e assim por diante. No caso de um perfil do processo de batimento regular, uma taxa pode ser atribuída na forma mais simples possível dividindo-se o número de ciclos por comprimento da região temporal ocupada pelo perfil do processo de batimento como um todo. Perfis de processos irregulares deste tipo, por exemplo, como identificados em clínicas, ou nas leituras em um painel de instrumentos da aeronave são muitas vezes significativos para diagnóstico.
“b” é um perfil de processo = Def. existe algum processo “c” tal que “b” é um perfil de processo de (process_profile_of) “c” (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [093-002])
“b” como perfil de processo de (process_profile_of) “c” ocorre quando “b” é parte própria do ocorrente (proper_occurrent_part_of) “c”, e há alguma parte própria do ocorrente (proper_occurrent_part) “d” de “c” que não tem partes em comum com “b” e é mutuamente dependente “b”, e é tal que “b”, “c” e “d” ocupam a mesma região temporal (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [ 094-005])
perfil de processo
process profile
O papel de João de ser marido de Maria é dependente do papel de Maria de ser esposa de João, e ambos são dependentes do objeto agregado que compreende João e Maria como partes membros unidos através da qualidade relacional de ser casado.
a marriage bond, an instance of love, an obligation between one person and another.
um vínculo matrimonial, uma instância de amor, obrigação entre uma pessoa e outra.
“b” é uma qualidade relacional = Def. para alguns continuantes independentes “c“, “d“ e por algum tempo t: “b” é_qualidade_de “c” em t, e “b” é_qualidade_de “d” em t. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [057-001])
qualidade relacional
relational quality
Um limite fiat de continuante bidimensional (superfície) é uma superfície fiat auto-conectada, cuja localização é definida em relação a uma entidade material. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [033-001])
limite fiat de continuante bidimensional
two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
O Polo Norte geográfico
a fronteira quádrupla, onde as fronteiras do Colorado, Utah, Novo México e Arizona se encontram
o ponto de origem de algum sistema de coordenadas espaciais.
the geographic North Pole
the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system.
the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet
Limites fiat de continuante de dimensão zero não são pontos espaciais. Considere-se o exemplo “a fronteira Quádrupla, onde as fronteiras do Colorado, Utah, Novo México e Arizona se encontram”: há muitas formas nas quais esse ponto se amplia através de muitos pontos no espaço. Ao contrário, não importa a forma, a fronteira quádrupla mantém sempre a mesma relação com os limites do Colorado, Utah, Novo México e Arizona.
Limite fiat de continuante de dimensão zero é um ponto fiat cuja localização é definida em relação a alguma entidade material. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [031-001])
limite fiat de continuante de dimensão zero
zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary
agora mesmo
o momento da morte.
right now
the moment at which a child is born
the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident
the moment of death.
uma região temporal que é ocupada por um limite de processo
instante temporal
temporal instant.
Uma região temporal de dimensão zero é uma região temporal sem extensão. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2 : [102-001])
região temporal de dimensão zero
zero-dimensional temporal region
Uma história é um processo que é a soma da totalidade dos processos que ocorrem na região espaço-temporal ocupada por uma entidade material ou local (site), incluindo os processos na superfície da entidade ou no interior das cavidades para a qual ela serve como hospedeiro. (Rótulo axioma em Referência da BFO2: [138-001])
history
história
An Immaterial anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes and that is bounded by an anatomical surface.
Original definition: "Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures." The last clause. "contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures" was dropped from the definition because it was an unnecessary restriction.
A line between two points where these are typically used to measure some aspect of morphology, such as the distance between the eyes or the length of a leg.
A one dimensional, immaterial anatomical entity.
The tip of the nose or other material anatomical entity, or the end of an anatomical line.
Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface.
A non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions. Anatomical boundaries are contiguous structures.
Except in the case of abstracted fiat boundaries such as the midline plane of an organism, all 2D anatomical entities have a 3 dimensional projection. For example, the surface of the shell of a muscle has a distinct shape that projects into the third dimension. Note that boundaries are 2D structures. They have no thickness - and so can not be sites of gene expression or gene product localisation. For this, use boundary region terms.
A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane.
The definition of cell is intended to represent all cells, and thus a cell is defined as a material entity and not an anatomical structure, which implies that it is part of an organism (or the entirety of one).
A cell found predominately in the blood.
células sanguíneas
A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal.
A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen.
hemácias, glóbulos vermelhos
eritrócitos
A non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation.
plaquetas, plaquetas sanguíneas
Platelets are reportedly CCR1-positive, CCR2-negative, CCR3-positive, CCR4-positive, CCR5-negative, CCR6-negative, CCR7-negative, CCR8-negative, CCR9-negative, CCR10-negative, CD16-positive, CD23-positive, CD32-positive, CD40-positive, CD41-positive CD42-positive, CD61-positive, CD62P-positive, CD64-positive, CD89-positive, CD102-positive, CD147-positive (activated platelets), CD154-positive (activated platelets), CD162-positive, CD209, CD282-positive, CD284-positive, CD289-positive, CD181-negative, CD182-negative, CD183-negative, CD184-positive, CLEC2-positive, GPVI-positive, JAMC-positive, PAR1-positive, PAR2-negative, PAR3-positive, PAR4-positive, TSP1-positive, and TXA2R-positive. Platelets can reportedly produce CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCL7, CCL17, CD40L, CXCL1, CXCL4, CXCL4L1, CXCL5, CXCL7, CXCL8, CXCL12, EGF, factor V, factor VII, factor XI, factor XIII, bFGF, histamine, IGF-1, IL-1beta, PAI-1, PDGF, plasminogen, protein S, serotonin, TGF-beta, TFPI, VEGF, and vWF.
plaqueta
A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal.
A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell.
The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.
These cells are also reportedly CD4-negative and CD200-positive. They are also capable of producing CD40L and IFN-gamma.
A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin.
Editors note: consider adding taxon constraint to vertebrata (PMID:18025161)
linfócito
An achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue.
leucócito
A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage.
célula mielóide
célula hematopoiética
A cell that is part of the nervous system.
The heaviness or degree to which an entire organism's body is drawn to the earth by gravity.
peso corporal
peso do corpo
A measurement of the longest dimension of a body, typically between two distinct ends of the body.
comprimento do corpo
altura corporal
The vertical measurement of the body of a four-legged animal, from the ground to the high part of the back between the shoulder blades.
altura do corpo na cernelha
The vertical measurement of the body of a four-legged animal, from the ground to the point of the hip.
altura corporal no quadril
A pathological process of formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood.
thrombosis
trombose
A thrombosis occurring in a deep vein.
deep vein thrombosis
A pathological process of lodging of an embolus in a blood vessel.
embolism
embolismo
A pathological process constituted by a thrombosis (creating a blood clot) and a subsequent embolism (involving the blood clot as the embolus).
thromboembolism
tromboembolismo
A disease that involving errors in metabolic processes of building or degradation of molecules.
doença do metabolismo
A paranasal sinus disease involving inflammation of the paranasal sinuses resulting from bacterial, fungal, viral infection, allergic or autoimmune issues. Symptoms can include fever, weakness, fatigue, cough and congestion. There may also be mucus drainage in the back of the throat, called postnasal drip.
sinusite
A heart disease and a myopathy that is characterized by deterioration of the function of the heart muscle.
MSH:D009202 added from NeuroDevNet [WAK].
A substance dependence that involves the continued use of alcohol despite problems related to use of the substance.
dependência do álcoolica, etilismo, alcoolismo
alcohol dependence
dependência do álcool
tabagismo
dependência da nicotina
nicotine dependence
A heart disease that is located_in the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart.
An immune system disease that is caused by abnormal immune responses.
alergia a glúten
An intestinal disease characterized by a protrusion of abdominal cavity contests through the inguinal canal.
A intestinal disease characterized by the protrusion by part of the intestine though an opening in the abdominal muscles.
A neonatal diabetes mellitus characterized by hyperglycemia during the neonatal period that remits during infancy but recurs in later life in most patients.
diabetes mellitus neonatal transitório
A viral infectious disease that has_material_basis in Zika virus, which is transmitted_by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
Zika fever
febre zika
An egg allergy triggered by Gallus gallus eggs.
alergia a ovo de galinha
A food allergy triggered by Crustacea or Mollusca.
A hypersensitivity reaction type I disease located in the respiratory tract.
A respiratory allergy triggered by pollen.
A pollen allergy triggered by Phleum pratense pollen.
A hypersensitivity reaction type I disease triggered by a drug.
A hypersensitivity reaction type I disease triggered by a metal.
A hypersensitivity reaction type I disease located in the gastrointestinal tract.
A food allergy triggered by a plant fruit product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Malus domestica plant fruit food product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Prunus armeniaca plant fruit food product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Prunus avium plant fruit food product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Ziziphus mauritiana plant fruit food product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Citrus sinensis plant fruit food product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Cucumis melo plant fruit food product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Prunus persica plant fruit food product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Prunus domestica plant fruit food product.
A fruit allergy triggered by Solanum lycopersicum plant fruit food product.
A fish allergy triggered by Gadus morhua.
A fish allergy triggered by Salmo salar.
A fish allergy triggered by Cyprinus carpio.
A fish allergy triggered by Danio rerio.
A fish allergy triggered by Oncorhynchus mykiss.
A drug allergy triggered by a beta-lactam (β-lactam).
A beta-lactam allergy triggered by penicillin.
A milk allergy triggered by Bos taurus milk.
A milk allergy triggered by Capra hircus milk.
A shellfish allergy triggered by Mollusca.
A shellfish allergy triggered by Crustacea.
A crustacean allergy triggered by Farfantepenaeus aztecus.
A crustacean allergy triggered by Scylla paramamosain.
A crustacean allergy triggered by Fenneropenaeus indicus.
A crustacean allergy triggered by Penaeus monodon.
A crustacean allergy triggered by Litopenaeus vannamei.
A snail allergy triggered by Turbo cornutus.
A hypersensitivity reaction type I disease triggered by latex.
A connective tissue disease that affects the structure or development of bone or causes an impairment of normal bone function.
A bone disease that results_in abnormal growth and development located_in bone or located_in cartilage.
A disease that has_material_basis_in a genetic abnormality, error with embryonic development, infection or compromised intrauterine environment.
angiopatia periférica diabética
A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria.
bacterial infectious disease
A pre-eclampsia characterized by the presence of hypertension without evidence of end-organ damage, in a woman who was normotensive before 20 weeks' gestation.
pré-eclâmpsia leve
A hypertension occurring during pregnancy characterized by large amounts of protein in the urine (proteinuria) and edema, usually by the last trimester of pregnancy.
hipertensão gestacional, hipertensão arterial na gestação
hipertensão associada à gravidez
hipertensão gestacional
hipertensão induzida pela gravidez
hipertensão proteinúrica da gravidez
pré-eclâmpsia
pré-eclâmpsia/eclâmpsia
toxemia da gravidez
toxemia pré-eclâmptica
Glucose: [intolerance] or [malabsorption]
intolerância à glicose
An autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract that is caused by a reaction located_in small intestine to gliadin, a prolamin (gluten protein) found in wheat, and similar proteins found in the crops of the tribe Triticeae. The disease is associated with HLA-DQ gene. It has_symptom abdominal pain, has_symptom constipation, has_symptom diarrhea, has_symptom nausea and vomiting, and has_symptom loss of appetite.
Xref MGI. OMIM mapping confirmed by DO. [SN].
celiac disease
doença celíaca
hipertensão renal
An artery disease characterized by chronic elevated blood pressure in the arteries.
hipertensão arterial
High blood pressure (& [essential hypertension])
hipertensão
A frontal sinusitis which lasts for 12 weeks or more. This causes steady headache, localized tenderness and intermittent, purulent nasal and postnasal drainage.
A sinusitis which involves infection of the frontal sinuses over the eyes in the brow area. This causes pain or pressure in the frontal sinus cavity and headache over the forehead.
A maxillary sinusitis which lasts for 12 weeks or more.
A sphenoid sinusitis which lasts for 12 weeks or more.
A sinusitis which involves infection of sphenoid sinuses that causes pain or pressure behind the eyes, but often refers to the vertex of the head.
malignant essential hypertension (disorder)
A hypertension with no known cause. It is the most common type of hypertension.
benign essential hypertension (disorder)
A female reproductive system disease that is located_in the ovary.
doença ovariana
ovarian disease
hipertensão secundária
A cardiovascular system disease that involves the heart.
doença cardíaca
A heart disease that is caused by high blood pressure.
benign hypertensive renal disease (disorder)
hypertensive renal disease, benign, without mention of renal failure
An ovarian dysfunction that is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, hirsutism, oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, anovulation and excessive body weight.
Multicystic ovaries
PCOS
Polycystic Ovarian disease
Polycystic ovaries
SOP
Stein-Leventhal synd.
Stein-Leventhal syndrome
ovários policísticos
polycystic ovary
OMIM mapping confirmed by DO. [SN].
polycystic ovary syndrome
síndrome dos ovários policísticos
hyperandrogenization syndrome
hiperandrogenismo
hyperandrogenism
A type 2 diabetes that involves severe lipodystrophy in addition to the traditional signs of diabetes.
lipoatrophic diabetes
diabetes gestacional
gestational diabetes
Pré-diabetes
estado pré-diabético
síndrome de pré-diabetes
diabetes mellitus syndrome in newborn infant
síndrome do diabetes mellitus em recém-nascidos
diabetes mellitus neonatal
A bone development disease where one or both are inclined inwards, axially rotated outwards, and pointing downwards with concomitant soft tissue abnormalities.
pé torto
An immune system disease that is an exaggerated immune response to allergens, such as insect venom, dust mites, pollen, pet dander, drugs or some foods.
alergia
doença alérgica
doença de reação de hipersensibilidade tipo I
hipersensibilidade
hypersensitivity reaction type I disease
doença de hipersensibilidade alérgica
A viral infectious disease that results_in inflammation located_in liver, has_material_basis_in Hepatitis A virus, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water, or transmitted_by direct contact with an infected person. The infection has_symptom fever, has_symptom fatigue, has_symptom loss of appetite, has_symptom nausea, has_symptom vomiting, has_symptom abdominal pain, has_symptom clay-colored bowel movements, has_symptom joint pain, and has_symptom jaundice.
hepatite A
hepatitis A
hérnia de hiato
A disease of anatomical entity which occurs in the blood, heart, blood vessels or the lymphatic system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells or lymph to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis.
disease of subdivision of hemolymphoid system
doença do sistema cadiovascular
Circulação fetal
Circulação fetal persistente
Circulação fetal persistente (distúrbio)
Hipertensão pulmonar persistente do recém-nascido (distúrbio)
Persistent fetal circulation syndrome (disorder)
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (disorder)
Síndrome da circulação fetal persistente (distúrbio)
congenital alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins
displasia capilar alveolar congênita com desalinhamento da artéria pulmonar veias
hipertensão pulmonar persistente do recém-nascido
persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
síndrome da circulação fetal persistente
A sphenoid sinusitis which lasts for less than 4 weeks.
A pre-eclampsia that has_symptom at least one of the following: SBP of 160mm HG or higher or DPB of 110mm HG or higher on 2 occasions at least 6 hours apart, proteinuria more than 5g in a 24-hour collection, pulmonary edema or cyanosis, oliguria, persistent headaches, epigastric pain and/or impaired liver function, thrombocytopenia, oligohydramnios, decreased fetal growth or placental abruption.
Pré-eclâmpsia grave, com parto
pré-eclâmpsia grave
pré-eclâmpsia grave anteparto
pré-eclâmpsia grave pós-parto
A severe pre-eclampsia characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme and low platelet count.
syndrome of haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet
síndrome de HELLP
início da hipertensão secundária
hipertensão renovascular benigna
A toxoplasmosis that involves a reactivated infection of the mother transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy. Spontaneous abortion and stillbirth may occur.
congenital toxoplasmosis
toxoplasmose congênita
A pre-eclampsia characterized by the presence of seizures.
Eclâmpsia no puerpério (distúrbio)
Eclâmpsia pós-parto
eclâmpsia
A female reproductive system disease that is characterized by the absence of menstruation.
absence of menstruation
amenia
amenorreia
amenorrhea
A disease by infectious agent that is carried out by a parasite which by definition is a pathogen that simultaneously injures and derives sustenance from its host.
doença parasitária infecciosa
parasitic infectious disease
An ovarian disease that is characterized by irregular or absent ovulation.
disfunção ovariana
ovarian dysfunction
A frontal sinusitis which lasts for less than 4 weeks.
A thyroid gland disease which involves an underproduction of thyroid hormone.
hipotiroidismo
A disease that involves a psychological or behavioral pattern generally associated with subjective distress or disability that occurs in an individual, and which are not a part of normal development or culture.
disease of mental health
doença da saúde mental
A disease of anatomical entity that located_in the respiratory system which extends from the nasal sinuses to the diaphragm.
doença do sistema respiratório
A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the integumentary system comprising the skin and its appendages.
integumentary system disease
cardiopatia congênita, defeito do coração; malformação cardíaca; anomalia congênita do coração; defeitos cardíacos congênitos; defeito congênito do coração
doença cardíaca congênita
A disease of anatomical entity that occurs in the muscular and/or skeletal system.
doença do sistema músculo-esquelético
cetoacidose diabética
A drug dependence that involves the continued use of cannabis despite problems related to use of the substance.
dependência da maconha
cannabis dependence
dependência da cannabis
A viral infectious disease that results_in inflammation located_in liver, has_material_basis_in Hepatitis C virus, which is transmitted_by blood from an infected person enters the body of an uninfected person. The infection has_symptom fever, has_symptom fatigue, has_symptom loss of appetite, has_symptom nausea, has_symptom vomiting, has_symptom abdominal pain, has_symptom clay-colored bowel movements, has_symptom joint pain, and has_symptom jaundice.
hepatite C
hepatitis C
A hepatitis that involves viral infection causing inflammation of the liver.
Unspecified viral hepatitis with hepatic coma
Viral hepatitis with hepatic coma (disorder)
hepatite viral
viral hepatitis
A gonadal disease that is characterized by atypical development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex.
sex development disorder
sex differentiation disease
disorder of sexual development
transtorno do desenvolvimento sexual
A viral infectious disease that results_in inflammation located_in liver, has_material_basis_in Hepatitis B virus, which is transmitted_by sexual contact, transmitted_by blood transfusions, and transmitted_by fomites like needles or syringes. The infection has_symptom fever, has_symptom fatigue, has_symptom loss of appetite, has_symptom nausea, has_symptom vomiting, has_symptom abdominal pain, has_symptom clay-colored bowel movements, has_symptom joint pain, and has_symptom jaundice.
hepatite B
hepatitis B
An autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract that results_in inflammation located_in liver caused by the body's immune system attacking the liver cells.
autoimmune hepatitis with centrilobular necrosis
autoimmune hepatitis
hepatite autoimune
A maxillary sinusitis which lasts for less than 4 weeks.
A sinusitis which involves infection of maxillary sinuses that causes pain or pressure over the cheeks just below the eyes, tooth ache, and headache.
sinusite maxilar
acute and subacute liver necrosis (disorder)
acute and subacute liver necrosis NOS (disorder)
hepatite
hepatitis
An endocrine system disease that is located_in the gonads.
doença gonadal
gonadal disease
A reproductive system disease that impairs the ability to reproduce and is located in the uterus, vagina, cervix, ovaries or fallopian tubes.
doença do sistema reprodutor feminino
anormalidade congênita do sistema nervoso
A drug dependence that involves the continued use of opiate drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.
dependência de opiáceos
opiate dependence
An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of morphine despite despite problems related to use of the substance.
dependência da morfina
morphine dependence
A drug dependence that involves the continued use of barbiturates despite problems related to use of the substance.
barbiturate dependence
dependência de barbitúricos
A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in endocrine glands which secretes a type of hormone directly into the bloodstream to regulate the body.
doença do sistema endôcrino
A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the immune system.
doença do sistema imunológico
immune system disease
A hypersensitivity reaction type I disease that is an abnormal response to a food, triggered by the body's immune system.
alergia a comida
food allergy
alergia a trigo
wheat allergy
An integumentary system disease that is located_in skin.
Genodermatosis
skin and subcutaneous tissue disease
skin disease
A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism.
Term IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031
disease
doença
A heart disease involving one or more of the four valves of the heart (the aortic and mitral valves on the left and the pulmonary and tricuspid valves on the right).
doença da válvula cardíaca
heart valve disease
doença hepática
liver disease
An integumentary system disease that is located_in nail.
nail disease
A primary bacterial infectious disease that is a sexually transmitted systemic disease, has_material_basis_in Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum, which is transmitted_by sexual contact, transmitted_by blood product transfusion, transmitted_by congenital method from mother to fetus or transmitted_by contact with infectious lesions. If left untreated, produces chancres, rashes, and systemic lesions in a clinical course with three stages continued over many years.
syphilis
sífilis
hiperglicemia
hyperglycemia
An integumentary system disease that is located_in hair.
doença capilar
hair disease
A food allergy that results in adverse immune reaction to one or more of the proteins in cow's milk and/or the milk of other animals, which are normally harmless to the non-allergic individual.
alergia ao leite
milk allergy
A food allergy that is an allergy or hypersensitivity to dietary substances from the yolk or whites of eggs, causing an overreaction of the immune system which may lead to severe physical symptoms.
alergia a ovo
egg allergy
A food allergy that is an allergy or hypersensitivity to dietary substances from peanuts causing an overreaction of the immune system which in a small percentage of people may lead to severe physical symptoms.
alergia a amendoim
peanut allergy
alergia a nozes
nut allergy
Lymphatic edema (morphologic abnormality)
linfoedema
lymphedema
A viral infectious disease that results_in destruction of immune system, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers, has_material_basis_in Human immunodeficiency virus 1 or has_material_basis_in Human immunodeficiency virus 2, which are transmitted_by sexual contact, transmitted_by transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or breast milk, transmitted_by congenital method, and transmitted_by contaminated needles. The virus infects helper T cells (CD4+ T cells) which are directly or indirectly destroyed, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The infection has_symptom diarrhea, has_symptom fatigue, has_symptom fever, has_symptom vaginal yeast infection, has_symptom headache, has_symptom mouth sores, has_symptom muscle aches, has_symptom sore throat, and has_symptom swollen lymph glands.
Doença infecciosa do vírus da imunodeficiência humana
human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease
DVOP
doença venooclusiva pulmonar
pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (disorder)
doença veno-oclusiva pulmonar
pulmonary venoocclusive disease
EPV
doença da valva pulmonar
estenose pulmonar valvar
pulmonary valve disease
A heart disease that is characterized by any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the heart to fill with or pump a sufficient amount of blood throughout the body.
ICC
congestive heart failure
insuficiência cardíaca congestiva
heart valve insufficiency
valvulopatia, insuficiência da válvula cardíaca, insuficiência da válvula mitral
Rheumatic disease of mitral valve (disorder)
chronic rheumatic mitral valve (disorder)
doença da válvula mitral
mitral valve disease
A hypertension characterized by an increase of blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein or pulmonary capillaries.
hipertensão pulmonar
pulmonary hypertension
A sebaceous gland disease characterized by areas of blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, greasy skin, and possibly scarring.
Acne varioliformis
acne vulgaris
frontalis acne
acne
A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure.
disease of anatomical entity
doença de entidade anatômica
premenstrual tension
tensão pré-menstrual
An immune system disease that is located_in the lymphatic system.
disorder of lymph node and lymphatics (disorder)
doença do sistema linfático
lymphatic system disease
A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract.
doença do sistema gastrointestinal
gastrointestinal system disease
A thyroid gland disease that involves an over production of thyroid hormone.
hipertiroidismo
hyperthyroidism
A skin disease that is located_in the sebaceous gland.
doença da glândula sebácea
sebaceous gland disease
A ethmoid sinusitis which lasts for 12 weeks or more.
chronic ethmoiditis
A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Viruses.
doença infecciosa viral
viral infectious disease
A glucose metabolism disease characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
diabetes
diabetes mellitus
A diabetes mellitus that involves high blood glucose resulting from cells fail to use insulin properly.
diabetes tipo 2
diabetes mellitus tipo 2
type 2 diabetes mellitus
A ethmoid sinusitis which lasts for less than 4 weeks.
acute ethmoiditis
A sinusitis which involves infection of ethmoid sinuses that causes pain or pressure behind and between the eyes, tearing, and headache over the forehead.
ethmoid sinusitis
sinusite etmoidal
A diabetes mellitus that results from the body's failure to produce insulin and has_material_basis_in autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.
diabetes tipo 1
diabetes mellitus tipo 1
type 1 diabetes mellitus
aneurisma cardíaco
heart aneurysm
A coccidiosis that has_material_basis_in protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. The parasite effects most genera of warm-blooded animals, including humans, but the primary host is the felid (cat) family. Animals are infected by eating infected meat, by ingestion of feces of a cat that has itself recently been infected, or transmission_by mother to fetus. The symptoms include bilateral, nontender cervical or axillary lymphadenopathy, fever, malaise, myalgia, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia and leukopenia.
toxoplasmose
toxoplasmosis
A substance-related disorder that involves the continued use of alcohol or other drugs despite problems related to use of the substance.
dependência de substâncias
substance dependence
A substance dependence that involves the continued use of drugs despite problems related to use of the substance.
drogadição, toxicodependência
dependência de drogas
drug dependence
A drug dependence that is a psychological dependency on the regular use of cocaine.
cocaine dependence
dependência da cocaína
An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of heroin despite problems related to use of the substance.
dependência da heroína
heroin dependence
A drug dependence that involves the continued use of hallucinogenic drugs despite problems related to use of the substance.
dependência alucinógenos
hallucinogen dependence
hiporglicemia
hypoglycemia
A material processing technique that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury or to help improve bodily function or appearance.
cirurgia
surgery
An ovaectomy may be performed for a patient with ovarian cancer.
Surgical removal of one or both ovaries.
ovarectomia
parede pélvica
peloe do peito
Anatomical cavity, which is surrounded by all morphological parts of an organ; is continuous within the organ; contains one or more body substances. Examples: pericardial cavity, cavity of stomach, uterine cavity.
cavidade do orgão
hormônio
coluna vertebral
Cardinal organ part which is bounded predominantly by bonafide boundaries. Examples: lobe of lung, osteon, acinus, submucosa, anterior leaflet of mitral valve, capsule of kidney, cortical bone, muscle fasciculus.
componente do orgão
veia ovariana direita
veia ovariana
veia ovariana esquerda
reto
artéria ovariana
artéria ovariana direita
artéria ovariana esquerda
ânus
Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the right and left ureters and distally with the urethra. Examples: There is only one urinary bladder.
pelve feminina
Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the right and left uterine tubes and distally is connected to the vagina. Examples: There is only one uterus.
útero
zona do útero
parede do útero
fundo do útero
corpo do útero
colo do útero
endométrio
miométrio
cavidade do útero
orifício cervical interno
Organ with organ cavity which connects the uterine cavity to the peritoneal cavity. Examples: There are only two uterine tubes, the right and the left uterine tubes.
Oviduto
trompa de Falópio
trompa uterina
zona trompa uterina
parede da trompa uterina
ampola da trompa uterina
istmo da trompa uterina
infundíbulo da trompa uterina
fímbria da trompa uterina
trompa uterina direita
trompa uterina esquerda
artéria umbilical
artéria umbilical direita
artéria umbilical esquerda
artéria uterina
artéria uterina direita
artéria uterina esquerda
artéria vaginal
artéria vaginal direita
artéria vaginal esquerda
veia uterina
veia uterina direita
veia uterina esquerda
veia vaginal
veia vaginal direita
veia vaginal esquerda
orifício uretral externo
Organ with organ cavity which connects the cavity of the urinary bladder to the exterior. Examples: There is only one urethra.
uretra
uretra feminina
mesovário
mesométrio
mesovário direito
mesovário esquerdo
mesométrio direito
mesométrio esquerdo
ligamento inguinal
mama feminina, seio da mulher
seio feminino
seio femnino esquerdo
seio femnino direito
Organ with organ cavity which connects the cervical canal of uterus to the vestibule of vagina. Examples: There is only one vagina.
vagina
vestíbulo da vagina
glande do clitóris
hímen da vagina
prepúcio do clitóris
Anatomical cavity that connects an organ cavity, organ cavity subdivision or cavity of body part subdivision to the exterior, completely or partially surrounded by organs or organ parts that are lined by epithelium. Examples: preputial cavity, vestibule of vagina.
vestíbulo
períneo feminino
lábios maiores
lábios maiores direito
lábios maiores esquerdo
lábios menores
lábios menores direito
lábios menores esquerdo
Anatomical structure which is the aggregate material substance of an individual member of the Homo sapiens species. Examples: There is only one human body.
corpo humano
orifício cervical
vulva
tronco feminino
sistema urinário feminino
tórax feminino
garganta
Subdivision of head which consists of the viscerocranium and all layers superficial to it. Examples: There is only one face.
face
axila
Anatomical structure which is the aggregate material substance of an individual member of a species.
corpo
parede do abdômen
abdômen da mulher
abdômen feminino
conteúdo do abdômen
duto
Anatomical conduit space that connects two adjacent body spaces, surrounded by two or more subdivisions of two or more organs or organ parts. Examples: right atrioventricular orifice, orifice of artery, hilum of kidney, porta hepatis.
orifício anatômico
axila direita
axila esquerda
intestino
genitália externa
genitália externa feminina
genitália interna
genitália interna feminina
*Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the urinary bladder and the urethra.
sistema genital feminino
*Subdivision of face which consists of the nasal skeleton, nasal septum and nasal cavity.
nariz
bochecha
parede da pélvis feminina
Organ with cavitated organ parts, which primarily consists of compact (cortical) and cancellous bone, which surround bone marrow cavities; together with other bones, cartilages and joints, it constitutes the skeletal system. Examples: femur, sternum, maxilla, vertebra, talus.
órgão ósseo
Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of skeletal muscle tissue aggregated into macroscopic fasciculi by connective tissue; together with other muscles, it constitutes the muscular system. Examples: biceps, diaphragm, masseter, right third external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani, serratus anterior.
órgão muscular
Nonparenchymatous organ that consists of organ parts composed of various types of connective tissue; it surrounds and interconnects various organs and body parts, and establishes the anatomical integrity of body parts and organ systems. Examples: superficial fascia, investing fascia, fat pad.
órgão fáscia
Subdivision of arterial tree (organ) which consists of branching sets of tubes (arterial trunk) that form a tree; together with other arterial trees (organ part), it constitutes an arterial tree (organ). Examples: pulmonary arterial tree, right coronary arterial tree, superior mesenteric tree.
artéria
Subdivision of venous tree (organ) which consists of branching sets of tubes (venous trunks) that form a tree; together with other venous trees (organ part), it constitutes a venous tree (organ). Examples: subclavian venous tree, jugular tree, extrahepatic portal tree, common iliac venous tree.
ouvido
ouvido externo
ouvido esquerdo
olho
olho esquerdo
olho esquedo
Organ region with one or more floating fiat boundaries. Examples: apical zone of lung, superior pole of kidney, gingiva, apex of prostate, ascending colon proper.
Organ region with floating fiat boundary
Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of acini connected to the surface of the areola or to a lactiferous duct by the duct of areolar gland. Examples: There are variable numbers of areolar glands.
Lower inner quadrant of right female breast
Lower inner quadrant of left female breast
Lower outer quadrant of right female breast
Lower outer quadrant of left female breast
Upper inner quadrant of right female breast
Upper inner quadrant of left female breast
Upper outer quadrant of right female breast
Upper outer quadrant of left female breast
Lobular organ which consist of a lactiferous duct tree and the set of lactiferous acini that are connected to duct tree. Examples: There are variable numbers of lactiferous duct trees.
anticorpo
imunoglobulina
lipoproteína
LDL
lipoproteína de baixa densidade
HDL
lipoproteína de alta densidade
Anatomical structure which has as its parts one or more ordered aggregates of nucleotide, amino acid fatty acid or sugar molecules bonded to one another. Examples: collagen, DNA, neurotransmitter, troponin.
Anatomical structure, which is the developmental form of a vertebrate animal or any of its parts at any given time from fertilization of the egg by the sperm to parturition. Examples: embryo, embryonic structure, fetus, fetal heart.
estrutura gestacional
Fetal structure, which is a developmental form of a vertebrate animal at any given time point from 8 weeks of gestation to birth (or hatching). Examples: There is only one fetus.
feto
Gestational structure, which is the developmental form of a vertebrate animal or any of its parts at any given time point from 8 weeks of gestation to parturition. Examples: fetus, fetal organ, fetal body part, placenta.
estrutura fetal
proteína
lipídio
parede do vaso sanguíneo
Anatomical structure which has as its direct parts portions of two or more types of tissue or two or more types of cardinal organ part which constitute a maximally connected anatomical structure demarcated predominantly by a bona fide anatomical surface. Examples: femur, biceps, liver, heart, skin, tracheobronchial tree, ovary.
orgão
Anatomical structure, which consists of a specific set of the members of (predominantly) one organ or organ part subclass interconnected by zones of continuity or body substances; is demarcated from other subdivisions of the same organ system by one or more zones of continuity or anatomical lines; together with other subdivisions of the same organ system, it constitutes an organ system. Examples: rib cage, facial skeleton, portal system, central nervous system, upper respiratory tract, muscle group of back.
Cardinal organ part which is a fiat subdivision of an organ. Examples: lingula of left lung, tail of pancreas, artery, trochanter, nodulus of semilunar valve, right side of heart, duodenum, fundus of stomach.
Subdivision of breast which consists of skin, connective tissue and smooth muscle bundle, modified sebaceous glands and papillary part of lactiferous duct.
Subdivision of breast which consists of skin, connective tissue and smooth muscle bundle and modified sebaceous glands and which surrounds the nipple.
Anatomical structure which is the aggregate material substance of an individual member of the Homo sapiens species which is a woman?
corpo humano feminino
Artery of right round ligament of uterus
Organ with cavitated organ parts, which is continuous with the systemic and pulmonary arterial and venous trees. Examples: There is only one heart.
Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the esophagus and distally with the small intestine. Examples: There is only one stomach.
Anatomical structure, which has as its direct parts instances of one or more organ types which are interconnected with one another by zones of continuity. Examples: skeletal system, cardiovascular system, alimentary system.
sistemas do corpo humano
Cardinal body part, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the skull, it is partially surrounded by skin of head. Examples: There is only one head.
Subdivision of body proper, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the cervical vertebral coumn, it is partially surrounded by skin of neck. Examples: There is only one neck.
Organ system which consists of structures involved in respiration.
sistema genital
sistema reprodutivo
Organ system which consists of the heart, the systemic and pulmonary arterial and venous system, the lymphatic and the portal venous system.
Nonparenchymatous organ that consists of the epidermis, dermis and sets of hair and nails and which surrounds the entire body. Subdivisions of the skin surround various body parts; as a whole, the skin constitutes the external layer of the body. Examples: There is only one skin.
Subdivision of body proper, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the ribcage, thoracic and lumbar vertebral column, sacrum and coccyx, it is partially surrounded by skin of trunk. Examples: There is only one trunk.
tronco
Lobular organ which has as its parts alveoli connected to the tracheobronchial tree. Examples: There are only two instances, right lung and left lung.
Lobular organ which has as its parts lobules connected to the biliary tree. Examples: There is only one liver.
Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of glandular acini which communicate via a duct system with the duodenum. Examples: There is only one pancreas.
Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the stomach and distally with the large intestine. Examples: There is only one small intestine.
Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the small intestine and distally with the anal canal. Examples: There is only large intestine.
Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the cystic duct and distally terminates in the fundus of the gallbladder. Examples: There is only one gallbladder.
ovário
ovário direito
ovário esquerdo
FSH
hormônio estimulante folicular
hormônio luteinizante
Organ system subdivision which consists of the skin and the superficial fascia. Examples: There is only one integument.
orifício cervical externo
âmnio
Anatomical organ component enclosing an organ cavity.
parede do órgão
glicose
hormônio esteróide
andrógeno
estrogênio
estrutura extra embrionária
Cardinal organ part which is a fiat subdivision of an organ component. Examples: cervical part of wall of esophagus, mucosa of body of stomach.
Organ region with one or more anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyeball.
Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the neck by the plane of the superior thoracic aperture and from the abdomen internally by the inferior surface of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin and associated with the thoracic vertebral column and ribcage and from the back of the thorax by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines; together with the abdomen and the perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper. Examples: There is only one thorax.
tórax
Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the thorax internally by the inferior surface of the sternocostal part of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin, from the back of abdomen by the external surface of the posterior abdominal wall, from the perineum by the superior surface of the urogenital diaphragm and from the lower limbs by the inguinal folds; together with the thorax, and perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper. Examples: There is only one abdomen.
abdômen
Subdivision of abdomen, which is demarcated from the abdomen proper by the plane of the superior pelvic aperture, and from the perineum by the inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm; together with the abdomen proper, it constitutes the abdomen. Examples: There is only one pelvis.
bacia
pélvis
Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the pelvis by the inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm and from the lower limbs by the perineofemoral lines; together with the thorax, and abdomen, it constitutes the trunk. Examples: There is only one perineum.
períneo
Subdivision of the pectoral part of the chest which consists of the nipple, areola and breast proper.
mama
seio
Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of ductless, glandular follicles filled with colloid. Examples: thyroid gland proper, accessory thyroid gland, lingual thyroid gland.
Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state, with or without the admixture of cells and biological macromolecules; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures. Examples: saliva, semen, cerebrospinal fluid, respiratory air, urine, feces, blood, plasma, lymph.
porção de subsância do corpo
Body substance which consists of plasma and blood cells
sangue
porção de sangue
sistema imunológico
clitóris
The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms.
reproduction
A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective.
The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth.
female pregnancy
The reproductive process in which the parent is separated from its offspring either by giving birth to live young or by laying eggs.
parturition
The elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity. These products include water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogenous compounds.
The sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot; it may be divided into three stages: stage 1, the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin converting principle; stage 2, the formation of thrombin; stage 3, the formation of stable fibrin polymers.
coagulação sanguínea
The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli.
Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC.
comportamento
The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products.
blood circulation
circulação sanguínea
Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.
Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this.
The neurological system process in which a signal is transmitted through the nervous system by a combination of action potential propagation and synaptic transmission.
A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents.
reproductive process
The progression of physiological phases, occurring in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. The menstrual cycle is an ovulation cycle where the endometrium is shed if pregnancy does not occur.
fase do ciclo menstrual
Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another.
The beginning of the menstrual cycle; the first menstrual cycle in an individual.
menarca
Cessation of menstruation, occurring in (e.g.) the human female usually around the age of 50.
menopausa
The type of sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years.
The cyclic, physiologic discharge through the vagina of blood and endometrial tissues from the nonpregnant uterus.
menses
menstruação
A type of ovulation cycle where the endometrium is shed if pregnancy does not occur.
The process in which a fluid solution, or part of it, changes into a solid or semisolid mass.
coagulação
An organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the neurological system.
The process that involves the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system.
Protrusion of the contents of the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal.
Inguinal hernia appears as a bulge in the groin.
PERSON: Fernanda Farinelli OntONeo development prioritizes the reuse of classes and entities from FMA ontology to deal with human anatomy approaches. Originally this class has reference to UBERON:0000468. UBERON ontology has cross-reference annotation (database_cross_reference) of UBERON: 0000468 to FMA_256135. Due this cross-reference annotation we opted to replace the UBERON:0000468 by FMA_256135.
This is the root of the phenotypic abnormality subontology of the HPO.
The uterus (womb) is normally held in place by a muscles, tissue and ligaments. If these tissues can no longer support the uterus it can slip down from its normal position.
Body weight that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess fats in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the body mass index (BMI), a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese.
Protrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall musculature around the umbilicus. Skin and subcutaneous tissue overlie the defect.
The presence of a hernia in which the upper part of the stomach, i.e., mainly the gastric cardia protrudes through the diaphragmatic esophageal hiatus.
A tendency for the upper part of the stomach to herniate into the thorax because of a weakness of the esophageal hiatus, which is the hole in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes. Hiatus hernia can be asymptomatic or can lead to acid reflux symptoms (heartburn).
Ventral hernia refers to a condition in which abdominal contents protrude through a weakened portion of the abdominal wall.
An abdominal hernia that occurs at a site of weakness in the abdominal wall resulting from an incompletely-healed surgical wound.
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) can be diagnosed prenatally if ultrasound shows a cystic or solid lung tumor. A CCAM does not have systemic arterial blood supply (in contrast to bronchopulmonary sequenstration). It is a cystic area within the lung that originates from abnormal embryogenesis.
malformação adenomatóide cística congênita, MAC
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) results in a multicystic mass that replaces the normal lung structure. CCAM is usually unilateral and confined to a single lobe of the lung.
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung
malformação adenomatóide cística congênita do pulmão
Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital
Excessive fat around the stomach and abdomen.
PERSON: Fernanda Farinelli OntONeo development prioritizes the reuse of classes and entities from FMA ontology to deal with human anatomy approaches. Originally this class was defined as by HP ontology as "inheres in UBERON: 0000916". UBERON ontology has cross-reference annotation (database_cross_reference) of UBERON: 0000916 to FMA:9577. Due this cross-reference annotation we opted to replace the UBERON: 0000916 by FMA:9577.
An extra or unusual sound heard during a heartbeat caused vibrations resulting from the flow of blood through the heart.
Heart murmurs can be appreciated by auscultation of the heart by stethoscope. Murmurs can be further categorized by intensity (6 grades), duration, timing (systolic, diastolic, or continuous), location, transmission, and quality (musical, vibratory, blowing, etc).
A hernia which occurs just below the inguinal ligament, where abdominal contents pass through a naturally occurring weakness called the femoral canal.
Femoral hernias are a relatively uncommon type, accounting for only 3% of all hernias. Femoral hernia appears as a bulge in the upper thigh.
measurement unit label
rótulo de unidade de medição
Examples of measurement unit labels are liters, inches, weight per volume.
Exemplos de rótulos de unidade de medição são litros, polegadas, peso por volume.
A measurement unit label is a label that is part of a scalar measurement datum and denotes a unit of measure.
Um rótulo de unidade de medição é um rótulo que faz parte de um dado de medição escalar e denota uma unidade de medida.
2009-03-16: review of this term done during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
unidade de medida
especificação objetiva
objective specification
A directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification, the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved.
Uma entidade de informação diretiva que descreve um ponto final de processo pretendido. Quando parte de uma especificação de plano, a concretização é realizada em um processo planejado no qual o portador tenta modificar o mundo para que o ponto final do processo seja alcançado.
narrative object
objeto narrativo
A narrative object is an information content entity that is a set of propositions.
Um objeto narrativo é uma entidade de conteúdo de informação que constitui um conjunto de proposições.
action specification
especificação de ação
Despeje o conteúdo do frasco 1 no frasco 2
Pour the contents of flask 1 into flask 2
a directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take
uma entidade de informação diretiva que descreve uma ação que o portador tomará
datum label
rótulo de dado
A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label.
Um rótulo é um símbolo que faz parte de outro dado e é usado para definir parcialmente a denotação desse dado ou para fornecer um meio de identificá-lo como membro do conjunto de dados com o mesmo rótulo.
information carrier
portador de informação
In the case of a printed paperback novel, the physicality of the ink and paper form part of the information bearer. The qualities of appearing black and having a certain pattern for the ink and appearing white for the paper form part of the information carrier in this case.
No caso de um romance impresso em brochura, a fisicalidade da tinta e do papel faz parte do portador de informação. As qualidades de parecer preto e ter um certo padrão para a tinta e parecer branco para o papel fazem parte do portador de informação nesse caso.
A quality of an information bearer that imparts the information content.
Uma qualidade de um portador de informação que transmite o conteúdo informacional.
data item
Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries.
An information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements.
2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers.
2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum.
2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym.
2014-03-31: See discussion at http://odontomachus.wordpress.com/2014/03/30/aboutness-objects-propositions/
JAR: datum -- well, this will be very tricky to define, but maybe some information-like stuff that might be put into a computer and that is meant, by someone, to denote and/or to be interpreted by some process... I would include lists, tables, sentences... I think I might defer to Barry, or to Brian Cantwell Smith JAR: A data item is an approximately justified approximately true approximate belief
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Chris Stoeckert
data
item de dados
information content entity
Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs.
A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing.
2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ).
information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity.
entidade de conteúdo de informação
dado de medição escalar
scalar measurement datum
10 feet. 3 ml.
10 pés. 3 ml.
a scalar measurement datum is a measurement datum that is composed of two parts, numerals and a unit label.
um dado de medição escalar é um dado de medição composto por duas partes: números e um rótulo de unidade.
An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process.
2009-03-16: provenance: a term realizable information entity was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000337) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was "is the specification of a process that can be concretized and realized by an actor" with alternative term "instruction".It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.
2013-05-30 Alan Ruttenberg: What differentiates a directive information entity from an information concretization is that it can have concretizations that are either qualities or realizable entities. The concretizations that are realizable entities are created when an individual chooses to take up the direction, i.e. has the intention to (try to) realize it.
8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Changed label from "information entity about a realizable" after discussions at ICBO
Werner pushed back on calling it realizable information entity as it isn't realizable. However this name isn't right either. An example would be a recipe. The realizable entity would be a plan, but the information entity isn't about the plan, it, once concretized, *is* the plan. -Alan
PERSON: Bjoern Peters
directive information entity
entidade de diretrizes de informação
data set
Intensity values in a CEL file or from multiple CEL files comprise a data set (as opposed to the CEL files themselves).
A data item that is an aggregate of other data items of the same type that have something in common. Averages and distributions can be determined for data sets.
2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg. The intention is that this term represent collections of like data. So this isn't for, e.g. the whole contents of a cel file, which includes parameters, metadata etc. This is more like java arrays of a certain rather specific type
2014-05-05: Data sets are aggregates and thus must include two or more data items. We have chosen not to add logical axioms to make this restriction.
person:Allyson Lister
person:Chris Stoeckert
conjunto de dados
plan specification
PMID: 18323827.Nat Med. 2008 Mar;14(3):226.New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice.
A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts, and that may be concretized as a realizable entity that, if realized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified.
2009-03-16: provenance: a term a plan was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000344) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was " a plan is a specification of a process that is realized by an actor to achieve the objective specified as part of the plan". It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.
2014-03-31: A plan specification can have other parts, such as conditional specifications.
2022-01-16 Updated definition to that proposed by Clint Dowloand, IAO Issue 231.
Alternative previous definition: a plan is a set of instructions that specify how an objective should be achieved
Clint Dowland
OBI Plan and Planned Process branch
2/3/2009 Comment from OBI review. Action specification not well enough specified. Conditional specification not well enough specified. Question whether all plan specifications have objective specifications. Request that IAO either clarify these or change definitions not to use them
especificação do plano
dado de medição
measurement datum
Examples of measurement data are the recoding of the weight of a mouse as {40,mass,"grams"}, the recording of an observation of the behavior of the mouse {,process,"agitated"}, the recording of the expression level of a gene as measured through the process of microarray experiment {3.4,luminosity,}.
Exemplos de dados de medição incluem o registro do peso de um camundongo como {40,massa,"gramas"}, o registro de uma observação do comportamento do camundongo {,processo,"agitado"}, o registro do nível de expressão de um gene medido através do processo de experimento de microarray {3.4,luminosidade,}.
A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device.
Um dado de medição é uma entidade de conteúdo informacional que é um registro do resultado de uma medição, como o produzido por um dispositivo.
2/2/2009 is_specified_output of some assay?
textual entity
Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities
A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc.
Uma entidade textual é parte de uma manifestação (sentido FRBR), um continuante genericamente dependente cujas concretizações são padrões de glifos destinados a serem interpretados como palavras, fórmulas, etc.
AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc.
MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities.
PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
text
entidade textual
citation
citação
Verspoor, K., Cohen, KB., Hunter, L. Textual characteristics of traditional and Open Access scientific journals are similar, BMC Bioinformatics 2009, 10:183.
a textual entity intended to identify a particular publication
document title
Textual characteristics of traditional and Open Access scientific journals are similar
A textual entity that names a document
título do documento
table
| T F --+----- T | T F F | F F
A textual entity that contains a two-dimensional arrangement of texts repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, such that the spatial relationships among the constituent texts expresses propositions
tabela
figure
Any picture, diagram or table
An information content entity consisting of a two dimensional arrangement of information content entities such that the arrangement itself is about something.
figura
document
A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book
A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole
documento
publication
journal article, newspaper story, book, etc.
A document that is the output of a publishing process.
PERSON: Jie Zheng
published document
Revisit the term in Octorber 2020. Improve the defintion.
publicação
document part
An abstract, introduction, method or results section.
An information content entity that is part of a document.
parte do documento
dado de medição de tempo
time measurement datum
A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measuring a temporal interval
Um dado de medição escalar que é o resultado de medir um intervalo temporal
2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case
email address
endereço de e-mail
Alan Ruttenberg 1/3/2012 - Provisional id, see issue at http://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=130&thanks=130&ts=1325636583
email
endereço de email
documentação
documenting
Recording the current temperature in a laboratory notebook. Writing a journal article. Updating a patient record in a database.
Registrar a temperatura atual em um caderno de laboratório. Escrever um artigo de jornal. Atualizar um registro de paciente em um banco de dados.
a planned process in which a document is created or added to by including the specified input in it.
um processo planejado no qual um documento é criado ou complementado incluindo o insumo especificado nele.
dado de medição com carimbo de tempo
time stamped measurement datum
identificador
identifier
A proper name is an information content entity that is the outcome of a dubbing process and is used to refer to one instance of entity shared by a group of people to refer to that individual entity.
Um nome próprio é uma entidade de conteúdo informacional resultante de um processo de nomeação usado para se referir a uma instância de entidade compartilhada por um grupo de pessoas para se referir àquela entidade individual.
nome próprio
proper name
nome pessoal
personal name
A personal name is a proper name identifying an individual person.
Um nome pessoal é um nome próprio que identifica uma pessoa individual.
nome da pessoa
given name
prenome
A given name, in Western contexts often referred to as a first name, is a personal name that specifies and differentiates between members of a group of individuals, especially in a family, all of whose members usually share the same family name (surname). A given name is purposefully given, usually by a child's parents at or near birth, in contrast to an inherited one such as a family name.
Um prenome, em contextos ocidentais frequentemente referido como "primeiro nome", é um nome pessoal que especifica e diferencia os membros de um grupo de indivíduos, especialmente em uma família, todos os quais geralmente compartilham o mesmo sobrenome. Um prenome é dado intencionalmente, geralmente pelos pais da criança no momento ou próximo ao nascimento, em contraste com um herdado, como um sobrenome.
primeiro nome
family name
sobrenome
A family name (in Western contexts often referred to as a surname or last name) is typically a part of a person's name which has been passed, according to law or custom, from one or both parents to their children.
Um sobrenome (em contextos ocidentais frequentemente referido como "nome de família" ou "último nome") é normalmente uma parte do nome de uma pessoa que foi transmitida, de acordo com a lei ou o costume, de um ou ambos os pais para seus filhos.
sobrenome, último nome
nome de família
a document that denotes some identity and is concretized by the bearer of some credential role
identity document
a documented identity is the aggregate of all data items about an entity. Notice that a documented identity is not itself a document since a document is intended to be understood as a whole and data items about an individual are usually scattered across different documents.
is an aggregate of ICEs also an ICE? yes Is part_of the appropriate relation to use for data items and documented identities?
documented identity
I order a beer and the bartender authenticates my age by looking at my DOB on my driver's license. I sign into my email account, and the system authenticates my permission to read the email by checking the password I enter against my password listed in the database.
Authentication is the act of checking or verifying an identity claim (that is either tacit or explicit).
authentication
a role that inheres in a concretization of an identity document and is realized by an authentication process
Amanda Hicks
credential role
The process of transferring blood or blood-based products from one person into the circulatory system of another.
transfusão sanguínea
An infection that is clinically abnormal.
infectious disorder
the observable morphological, physiological, behavioral and other characteristics of mammalian organisms that are manifested through development and lifespan
altered ability or inability of the blood to clot
abnormal blood coagulation
coagulação sanguínea anormal
strong dependence on an addictive compound such as alcohol or narcotics that results in uncontrollable cravings for such compounds
vício
any anomaly in the actions, reactions, or performance of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli compared to controls
comportamento indequado
comportamento anormal
Formation within a tissue or the vascular lumen of a thrombus, an aggregation of coagulated blood containing platelets, fibrin, and entrapped cellular elements [database_cross_reference: MGI:cwg][database_cross_reference: ISBN:0-397-51047-0]
the observable actions or reactions of mammalian organisms that are manifested through development and lifespan
virus
Viruses
vírus
Hepatitis B virus
Vírus da hepatite B
Hepatitis C virus
Vírus da hepatite C
Hepatovirus A
Hepatitis A virus
Vírus da hepatite A
Bacteria
bactéria
Archaea
arquea
Zika vírus
Zika virus
vírus Zika
humano, ser humano
Homo sapiens
Person
Pessoa
medical intervention is a planned process that has the goal of diagnosing, preventing or relieving illness or injury.
The act of intervening, interfering or interceding with the intent of modifying the outcome. In medicine, an intervention is usually undertaken to help treat or cure a condition. For example, "Acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention is widely practiced in the United States," Reference: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=34214 . Some interventions can be used for diagnosis.
WEB: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_medical_intervention
intervenção médica
a medical intervention where a patient is administered with a drug
A surgery where incisions are made through a woman's abdomen and uterus to deliver her baby.
WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cesarean+section
Off label use is the use of pharmaceutical drugs for an unapproved indication or in an unapproved age group, unapproved dosage, or unapproved form of administration.
WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-label_use
a medical intervention that refers to any series of pre-defined steps that should be followed to achieve a desired result.
WEB: http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-difference-between-a-surgery-and-a-procedure.htm
medical procedure
planned process
Injecting mice with a vaccine in order to test its efficacy
A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification.
A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification.
'Plan' includes a future direction sense. That can be problematic if plans are changed during their execution. There are however implicit contingencies for protocols that an agent has in his mind that can be considered part of the plan, even if the agent didn't have them in mind before. Therefore, a planned process can diverge from what the agent would have said the plan was before executing it, by adjusting to problems encountered during execution (e.g. choosing another reagent with equivalent properties, if the originally planned one has run out.)
We are only considering successfully completed planned processes. A plan may be modified, and details added during execution. For a given planned process, the associated realized plan specification is the one encompassing all changes made during execution. This means that all processes in which an agent acts towards achieving some objectives is a planned process.
6/11/9: Edited at workshop. Used to include: is initiated by an agent
This class merges the previously separated objective driven process and planned process, as they the separation proved hard to maintain. (1/22/09, branch call)
processo planejado
processed material
Examples include gel matrices, filter paper, parafilm and buffer solutions, mass spectrometer, tissue samples
Is a material entity that is created or changed during material processing.
material processing
A cell lysis, production of a cloning vector, creating a buffer.
A planned process which results in physical changes in a specified input material
material transformation
OBI branch derived
population
PMID12564891. Environ Sci Technol. 2003 Jan 15;37(2):223-8. Effects of historic PCB exposures on the reproductive success of the Hudson River striped bass population.
a population is a collection of individuals from the same taxonomic class living, counted or sampled at a particular site or in a particular area
1/28/2013, BP, on the call it was raised that we may want to switch to an external ontology for all populatin terms: http://code.google.com/p/popcomm-ontology/
PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra
adapted from Oxford English Dictionnary
rem1: collection somehow always involve a selection process
população
organization
PMID: 16353909.AAPS J. 2005 Sep 22;7(2):E274-80. Review. The joint food and agriculture organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives and its role in the evaluation of the safety of veterinary drug residues in foods.
An entity that can bear roles, has members, and has a set of organization rules. Members of organizations are either organizations themselves or individual people. Members can bear specific organization member roles that are determined in the organization rules. The organization rules also determine how decisions are made on behalf of the organization by the organization members.
BP: The definition summarizes long email discussions on the OBI developer, roles, biomaterial and denrie branches. It leaves open if an organization is a material entity or a dependent continuant, as no consensus was reached on that. The current placement as material is therefore temporary, in order to move forward with development. Here is the entire email summary, on which the definition is based: 1) there are organization_member_roles (president, treasurer, branch editor), with individual persons as bearers 2) there are organization_roles (employer, owner, vendor, patent holder) 3) an organization has a charter / rules / bylaws, which specify what roles there are, how they should be realized, and how to modify the charter/rules/bylaws themselves. It is debatable what the organization itself is (some kind of dependent continuant or an aggregate of people). This also determines who/what the bearer of organization_roles' are. My personal favorite is still to define organization as a kind of 'legal entity', but thinking it through leads to all kinds of questions that are clearly outside the scope of OBI. Interestingly enough, it does not seem to matter much where we place organization itself, as long as we can subclass it (University, Corporation, Government Agency, Hospital), instantiate it (Affymetrix, NCBI, NIH, ISO, W3C, University of Oklahoma), and have it play roles. This leads to my proposal: We define organization through the statements 1 - 3 above, but without an 'is a' statement for now. We can leave it in its current place in the is_a hierarchy (material entity) or move it up to 'continuant'. We leave further clarifications to BFO, and close this issue for now.
organização
The process of a scientist thinking about and deciding what reagents to use as part of a protocol for an experiment. Note that the scientist could be human or a "robot scientist" executing software.
a process of creating or modifying a plan specification
7/18/2011 BP: planning used to itself be a planned process. Barry Smith pointed out that this would lead to an infinite regression, as there would have to be a plan to conduct a planning process, which in itself would be the result of planning etc. Therefore, the restrictions on 'planning' were loosened to allow for informal processes that result in an 'ad hoc plan '. This required changing from 'has_specified_output some plan specifiction' to 'has_participant some plan specification'.
planejamento
planning
papel de hospedeiro
Na biologia, um hospedeiro é um organismo que abriga um vírus ou parasita, ou um simbionte mutualista ou comensal, geralmente fornecendo nutrição e abrigo. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host_(biology) 30 de março de 2009
In biology, a host is an organism that harbors a virus or parasite, or a mutual or commensal symbiont, typically providing nourishment and shelter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host_(biology) 30 March 09
O papel de hospedeiro é um papel desempenhado por um organismo e realizado ao fornecer nutrição, abrigo ou um meio de reprodução para outro organismo dentro do organismo que desempenha o papel de hospedeiro.
host role is a role played by an organism and realized by providing nourishment, shelter or a means of reproduction to another organism within the organism playing the host role
30 de março de 2009 - Um vírus se reproduz dentro de uma célula; bactérias causam uma doença; o hospedeiro pode ser prejudicado ou não. Queremos evitar exemplos como um gato sentado no meu colo ou um técnico de cuidados com animais; esses não são exemplos de hospedeiros. Cáries dentárias ocorrem no dente, mas fazem parte da camada externa do dente, portanto, são cobertas pelo termo "dentro" na definição.
30Mar09 virus reproducing inside a cell; bacteria causing a disease, host can be harmed or not. we want to avoid a cat sitting on my lap and an animal care technician; these are not examples or hosts; dental cares = on tooth, but part of outer layer of tooth, so covered by "within" in the definition
age measurement datum
Um dado de medição temporal que é o resultado da medição da idade de um organismo.
A time measurement datum that is the result of measurement of age of an organism
note that we are currently defining subtypes of age measurement datum that specify when the age is relative to, e.g. planting, as we don't have adequate temporal predicates yet. life of bearer doesn't imply organism this assay measures time not developmental stage. we recognize that development can take different time periods under different conditions such as media / temperature age as a quality is dubious; we plan to revisit stages in development are currently handled with controlled vocabulary, such as 2-somite stage
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg, Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng
In MageTab file, we use initialTimePoint (a process) + age (a number expected) + TimeUnit (definied in UO, such as year, hour, day, etc.) Now we use the term label indicating the start time point of measuring the age, (number + TimeUnit) are expected instances of the class
discussed on Nov 15, dev call All subtype will be defined by textual definition now.
dado de medição de idade
age since fertilization measurement datum
An age measurement datum that is the result of the measurement of the age of an organism since fertilization, the process of the union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
Definition of fertilization comes from GO.
age since birth measurement datum
An age measurement datum that is the result of the measurement of the age of an organism since birth, the process of emergence and separation of offspring from the mother.
idade desde o nascimento
selection criterion
rats should be aged between 6 and 8 weeks and weight between 180-250grams
A directive information entity which defines and states a principle of standard by which selection process may take place.
Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra
selection rule
OBI discussion summarized under the following tracker item : http://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/678/
selection
PMID: 24023800. In this study, a set of eleven genes (VATP16, 60 S, UQCC, SMD3, EF1α, UBQ, SAND, GAPDH, ACT, PsaB, PTB2) was evaluated to identify reference genes during the first hours of interaction (6, 12, 18 and 24 hpi) between two V. vinifera genotypes and P. viticola. Two analyses were used for the selection of reference genes: direct comparison of susceptible, Trincadeira, and resistant, Regent, V. vinifera cultivars at 0 h, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours post inoculation with P. viticola (genotype effect); and comparison of each genotype with mock inoculated samples during inoculation time-course (biotic stress effect). Three statistical methods were used, GeNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper, allowing to identify UBQ, EF1α and GAPDH as the most stable genes for the genotype effect.
A planned process which results in the creation of group of entity from a larger group by the application of predefined criteria.
A planned process with the objective to create a group of entities by applying a predefined criteria to a larger group of entities.
this term refers to a planned process and therefore is distinct from the notion of 'natural selection', a process covering the operation of natural causes by which those individuals of a species that are best adapted to the environment tend to be preserved and to transmit their characters, while those less adapted die out, so that in the course of generations the degree of adaptation to the environment tends progressively to increase. (as defined by Oxford English Dictionary)
selection process
OBI
seleção
animal
fungus
plant
A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs.
10/21/09: This is a placeholder term, that should ideally be imported from the NCBI taxonomy, but the high level hierarchy there does not suit our needs (includes plasmids and 'other organisms')
13-02-2009: OBI doesn't take position as to when an organism starts or ends being an organism - e.g. sperm, foetus. This issue is outside the scope of OBI.
WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism
data transformation
The application of a clustering protocol to microarray data or the application of a statistical testing method on a primary data set to determine a p-value.
A planned process that produces output data from input data.
Elisabetta Manduchi
Helen Parkinson
James Malone
Melanie Courtot
Richard Scheuermann
Ryan Brinkman
Tina Hernandez-Boussard
data analysis
data processing
Branch editors
transformação de dados
acquisition
Downloading a 3D structure from the PDB. Purchasing antibodies from sigma.
A planned process with the objective of gaining possession of an entity.
the planned process of gaining possession of a continuant
5/31/2012 - OBI workshop: This process is not implying ownership of the material / information.
Following OBI call November 2012,5th: addition of a restriction to acquisition class to capture the need of having selection criteria Relates to the creation of a class 'selection rule'
Bjoern Peters
IEDB
This needs to be fleshed out and logical definitions added that will allow to place the children terms automatically under acquisition
aquisição
material acquisition
Acquiring 50 C57BL/6 mice bred in the animal facility of the institute as a service to investigators. Purchasing 1 mg of peptides synthesized by Mimotopes at 80% purity. Getting a gift of purified CD4+ specific antibodies presented by Stephen Schoenberger at LIAI.
An acquisition in which possession of a material entity is gained.
The assumption is that the object already exists in its current state, e.g, an available mouse strain purchased from the Jackson Lab, this is the differentia from specimen creation
This excludes processes that create or change materials, such as material transformations.
Bjoern Peters, Alan Ruttenberg, Helen Parkinson
aquisição de material
information acquisition
Gathering all influenza HA sequences from GenBank, Retrieveing HLA allele frequencies in the North American populations from dbMHC
An acquisition in which possession of information is gained.
This excludes processes that create or change information, such as assays and data transformations.
aquisição de informação
immunization
Infection with influenza (the immunogen) leading to B cells producing antibodies (the effector function) against surface regions of the HA protein (the epitope).
The process of an epitope that is part of or derived from an immunogen coming into contact with adaptive immune cells resulting in these cells acquiring immune effector functions specific for the epitope.
imunização
A representation that is either the output of a clinical history taking or a physical examination or an image finding, or some combination thereof.
descobertas clínicas
A series of statements representing health-relevant qualities of a patient and of a patient's family.
A representation of clinically significant bodily components, dispositions, and/or bodily processes of a human being that is inferred from relevant clinical findings.
A representation of an image that supports an inference to an assertion about some quality of a patient.
achado de imagem
A representation of a quality of a specimen that is the output of a laboratory test and that can support an inference to an assertion about some quality of the patient.
achado de laboratório
A quality of a patient that is observed by the patient or a processual entity experienced by the patient, either of which is hypothesized by the patient to be a realization of a disease.
sintoma
symptom
A quality of a patient, a material entity that is part of a patient, or a processual entity that a patient participates in, any one of which is observed in a physical examination and is deemed by the clinician to be of clinical significance.
sinal
A physical sign in which a non-zero value is standardly considered to be an indication that the organism is alive.
SSVV
sinal vital
A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism.
A material entity which is clinically abnormal and part of an extended organism. Disorders are the physical basis of disease.
disordem
A disorder whose etiology involves (1) a modification to the patient's genomic DNA which leads to alterations in the normal expression pattern of the genome, but is (2) not a change in the nucleotide sequence.
A disorder whose etiology involves an abnormality in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genome.
A genetic disorder acquired by a single cell in an organism that leads to a population of cells within the organism bearing the disorder.
A genetic disorder inherited during conception that is part of all cells in the organism.
A health care process in which a clinician elicits a description of previous sign and symptoms of disease from a patient or from a third party who is reporting on behalf of the patient.
A measurement assay that has as input a patient-derived specimen and as output a data item that is about a quality of the specimen.
A measurement assay that has as input a patient-derived specimen, and as output a result that represents a quality of the specimen.
exame laboratorial
teste de laboratório
A sequence of acts of observing and measuring qualities of a patient performed by a clinician; measurements may occur with and without elicitation.
Uma sequência de atos de observação e medição de qualidades de um paciente realizada por um clínico; as medições podem ocorrer com e sem elicitação.
PERSON: Fernanda Farinelli A process that has participant some human body and realizes some patient role, inhering to some Homo sapiens which has a genotypic sex quality.
exame físico
physical examination
A bodily process that is clinically abnormal.
The representation of a conclusion of a diagnostic process.
diagnóstico
A value for a quality reported in a lab report and asserted by the testing lab or the kit manufacturer to be normal based on a statistical treatment of values from a reference population.
valor normal
Uma informação que é um tipo de achado clínico e corresponde a um resultado observado, medido ou identificado durante a realização de um exame físico, podendo indicar normalidade ou anormalidade em um paciente.
achados diagnósticos do exame físico
achados do exame físico
physical examination finding
A communication from a patient about something they perceive as being abnormal about their body or life.
sintomas reportados pelo paciente
A structurally anomalous part of an organism acquired during fetal development and present at birth (but not necessarily hereditary) which is hypothesized to be harmful for the organism.
A planned process whose completion is hypothesized by a health care provider to eliminate, prevent, or alleviate a disorder, the signs and symptoms of a disorder, or a pathological process
tratamento
A processual entity which has as parts all the processes in which a given organism is participant.
curso de vida
A planned process with the objective to improve the health status of a patient that directly involves the treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of disease or injury of a patient
A social process that has at least one human participant and that includes as parts the treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of disease or injury--or the following of instructions of another human for treatment, diagnosis, or prevention--of a participant in the process
A temporally-connected health care process that has as participants an organization or person realizing the health care provider role and a person realizing the patient role. The health care provider role and patient are realized during the health care encounter
atendimento médico
consulta médica
TODO
09/16/2020 Is this same as admission? Is this the same as inpatient encounter?
A disorder that involves some structural damage that is immediately caused by a catastrophic external force.
At the scale of organism (as opposed to the cellular scale or the population scale), an injury is typically the result of a catastrophic event. Consider the implications of making 'injury' a subtype of 'disorder'. Note: Adopted subtype of disorder, and injury can occur at the scale of organism down to cellular level.
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/ca0ad373f27774c5 OGMS call adoption- 16 SEPT 2015 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1iiV1-fTS7BUUSzDw3N_Afx42698YWf54-FOTY2NkAxo/edit
creation date: 2011-09-20T09:57:44Z edited date: 30 SEPT 2015
lesão
A health care process that involves the interpretation of a clinical picture from a given patient (input) and the assertion to the effect that the patient has a disease, disorder, or syndrome of a certain type, or none of these (output).
A health care process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies.
A data item that is about a patient and is the specified output of a health care process assay or diagnostic process
clinical data item
A congenital disorder arising as a result of an infectious process
A congenital disorder arising as a result of a drug exposure causing an anatomical abnormality
A disorder of some macroscopic part of a tissue
A tissue disorder that has resulted from a dysregulation of cell proliferation leading to a net increase in mass
A telephone number is a textual entity consisting of a sequence of digits used to call from one telephone line to another in a public switched telephone network.
MB: This class should probably be a subclass to CRID. However, the textual definition of CRID right now states that each instance has the CRID identifier as a part. This is not the case for telephone numbers. Therefore, they cannot be subsumed under CRID now. I am looking into changing IAO accordingly. Once that is done, the class ought to be a subclass of CRID.
telephone number
medical record
prontuário médico
A document that contains information representing health-relevant qualities of a patient written in a chronological manner and that is primarily used for patient care in a clinical setting.
Um documento que contém informações que representam qualidades relevantes para a saúde de um paciente, escrito de forma cronológica e usado principalmente para o cuidado do paciente em um ambiente clínico.
prontuário do paciente, registro do paciente, registro médico
It is used interchangeably with health record and medical chart. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_record
É usado de forma intercambiável com registro de saúde e ficha médica. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_record
prontuário médico de amostra
sample medical record
A medical record of a specimen donor.
Um prontuário médico de um doador de amostra.
A human social role borne by a human being being realized in behaviour which is considered socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex in the context of a specific culture.
Mathias Brochhausen
gender role
A gender role borne by a human being that is realized in behaviour which is considered socially appropriate for individuals of the male sex in the context of the culture in question.
male gender
male gender role
A gender role borne by a human being that is realized in behaviour which is considered socially appropriate for individuals of the female sex in the context of the culture in question.
female gender
female gender role
A role in human social processes that is realized by health care processes such as seeking or providing treatment for disease and injury, diagnosing disease and injury, or undergoing diagnosis.
William R. Hogan
health care role
human health care role
A role borne by an organism and that is realized by presenting to a health care provider in a clinical encounter.
patient
CAFE domain expert working group.
In order to avoid the presumption of the formal structures and institutions of Western civilization, bearing a patient role does not entail that the organism presents at an official place of business, with an organization formally and legally registered with various gov't entities, with a person endowed by the gov't with certain certifications.
papel de paciente
patient role
A human health care role inhering in an organization or human being that is realized by a process of providing health care services to an organism.
health care provider role
papel de prestador de cuidados de saúde
A health care role borne by a human being and realized by promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments.
physician
physician role
A health care role borne by a human being and realized by the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.
nurse
based on: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing
nurse role
A role that inheres in an organization and that is realized by the providing of services in a health care encounter.
health care provider organization role
A health care provider organization role that inheres in an organization consisting of two or more physicians.
physician practice
A health care provider organization role that inheres in an organization that is comprised of other organizations.
integrated delivery network
A patient role that inheres in a human being.
human patient role
papel de paciente humano
material entity role
organism role
organization role
A healthcare provider role that inheres in an organization and is realized by providing inpatient care.
hospital role
A trauma patient role that inheres in a homo sapiens who is under the age of 15 years.
pediatric trauma patient
pediatric trauma patient role
A patient role that inheres an organism suffering one or more injuries.
injured patient
injured patient role
A patient role that inheres in an organism suffering a thermal, electrical, chemical or radiation burn.
burn patient
burn patient role
A physician role that is created by training and certification in rehabilitation/physical medicine and that is realized by the provision of or supervising of the provision of rehabilitation or physical therapy to a patient.
physiatrist
Definition updated May 5, 2016. Original definitions was, a health care role borne by a human being and realized by training and certification in rehabilitation medicine.
physiatrist role
A patient role that inheres in an organism with some non-superficial traumatic injury. The role is realized by admision to a hospital, transfer from one hospital to another for the purpose of trauma care, or has death as a result of the traumatic injury.
trauma patient
trauma patient role
A racial identity is an information content entity that is the output of some racial identitification process and is intended to be a truthful statement about the genetic or cultural race of a person. Unlike data items they are not necessilary contributed or acquired by a reliable method.
dado de identificação racial
racial identity datum
racial identification process
An ethnic identity datum is an information content entity that is the output of some ethnic identitification process and is intended to be a truthful statement about the cultural or national heritage of a person. Unlike data items they are not necessilary contributed or acquired by a reliable method.
dado de identificação étnica
ethnic identity datum
ethnic identification process
A human health care provider role that inheres in a human being that is created by state licensing and that is realized by taking patient histories, performing physical exams, diagnosing illnesses, developing treatment plans, ordering lab tests, prescribing medications, counselling and educating patients, suturing wounds, and assisting in surgery under the supervision of a physician or a surgeon.
US physician assistant role
A physician role that inheres a human being and, if it is realized, is realized either by administering medication for the temporary general or local suppression of sensory or motor nerve function during some health care encounter or by making decisions independently of a supervising physician regarding the adminstration of such medication.
anesthesiologist role
An identity datum is an information content entity that is the output of some identitification process and is intended to be a truthful statement about a person's social identity. Unlike data items they are not necessilary contributed or acquired by a reliable method.
identity datum
A gender identity is an information content entity that is the output of some gender identitification process and is intended to be a truthful statement about a person's subjective sense of their gender. Unlike data items they are not necessilary contributed or acquired by a reliable method.
dado de identificação do gênero
gender identity datum
identification process
gender identification process
A role that inheres in some entity that is realized in a social act.
Um papel que é inerente a alguma entidade e é realizado em um ato social.
Matthew Diller
Previous definition: A role played by an entity in human social processes.
papel em processos sociais humanos
role in human social processes
A physical examination that has participant some Female human body and realizes some patient role, inhering to some Homo sapiens which has female genotypic sex quality.
Um exame físico que tem como participante algum corpo humano feminino e realiza um papel paciente, inerente a algums Homo sapiens, que tem a como qualidade genotípica o sexo feminino.
exame físico feminino
female physical examination
A physical examination that involves the participation of a human body and includes inspection and palpation of the head, including the skull, scalp, face, and associated structures, aiming to identify structural or functional alterations.
Um exame físico que tem como participante algum corpo humano e que envolve a inspeção e palpação da cabeça, incluindo crânio, couro cabeludo, face e estruturas associadas, com o objetivo de identificar alterações estruturais ou funcionais.
exame da cabeça
head examination
A physical examination that involves the participation of a female human body and includes clinical or imaging evaluation of the breasts, aiming to identify structural, functional, or pathological alterations.
Um exame físico que tem como participante algum corpo humano feminino e que envolve a avaliação clínica ou por imagem das mamas, com o objetivo de identificar alterações estruturais, funcionais ou patológicas.
exame da mama feminina
female breast examination
An abdominal examination that involves the participation of a female human body and may include the assessment of specific organs of the female reproductive system, such as the uterus and ovaries, in addition to other abdominal organs.
Um exame abdominal que tem como participante algum corpo humano feminino e que pode incluir a avaliação de órgãos específicos do sistema reprodutor feminino, como útero e ovários, além dos demais órgãos abdominais.
exame do abdome feminino
exame abdominal feminino
female abdominal examination
A pelvic examination in which a physician performs a thorough check of a woman's pelvic region and its pelvic organs.
Um exame pélvico em que um médico realiza uma verificação completa da região pélvica de uma mulher e seus órgãos pélvicos.
exame da pélvis feminina
Durante um exame pélvico feminino, um profissional de saúde, por exemplo, um médico ou enfermeira, identifica o tamanho e posição da vagina, colo do útero, útero e ovários.
During a female pelvic examination a health care provider, for instance, a doctor or nurse, identify the size and position of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries.
exame pélvico feminino
female pelvic examination
A physical examination that involves the participation of a female human body and includes inspection and palpation of the vagina and associated structures, which may include a vaginal examination by touch, aiming to assess gynecological health and identify potential anatomical or pathological alterations.
Um exame físico que tem como participante algum corpo humano feminino e que envolve a inspeção e palpação da vagina e estruturas associadas, podendo incluir o toque vaginal, com o objetivo de avaliar a saúde ginecológica e identificar possíveis alterações anatômicas ou patológicas.
exame vaginal, exame da vagina
vaginal examination
exame vaginal
A physical examination that involves the participation of a human body and includes inspection and functional assessment of the eyes, including visual acuity tests, pupillary response, ocular motility, and inspection of external eye structures, aiming to identify potential visual or ophthalmological alterations.
Um exame físico que tem como participante algum corpo humano e que envolve a inspeção e avaliação funcional dos olhos, incluindo testes de acuidade visual, resposta pupilar, motilidade ocular e inspeção das estruturas externas do olho, com o objetivo de identificar possíveis alterações visuais ou oftalmológicas.
exame dos olhos
eyes examination
A clinical procedure in which the female breast is manually examined to detect abnormalities, such as lumps or changes in tissue consistency.
Um exame da mama feminina no qual a mama feminina é examinada manualmente para detectar anomalias, como nódulos ou alterações na consistência do tecido.
female breast palpation
palpação da mama feminina
A clinical procedure that involves visually examining the female breast to detect abnormalities such as skin changes, asymmetries, or visible masses.
Um exame da mama feminina que envolve a inspeção visual da mama feminina para detectar anomalias, como alterações na pele, assimetrias ou massas visíveis.
female breast inspection
inspeção da mama feminina
A gynecological procedure in which the examiner inserts two fingers into the vagina while the other hand is placed on the abdomen to assess the size, shape, and position of pelvic organs.
Procedimento ginecológico no qual o examinador insere dois dedos na vagina enquanto a outra mão é posicionada sobre o abdômen para avaliar o tamanho, formato e posição dos órgãos pélvicos.
exame vaginal bimanual
vaginal bimanual examination
A gynecological examination where one finger is inserted into the vagina and another into the rectum to assess the posterior pelvic structures, including the rectovaginal septum.
Exame ginecológico no qual um dedo é inserido na vagina e outro no reto para avaliar as estruturas pélvicas posteriores, incluindo o septo retovaginal.
exame retovaginal
vaginal rectovaginal examination
medical record part
seção do prontuário médico
seção sobre exame físico
physical examination section
seção de exame físico
caesarean section plan
protocolo de casariana
human parturition plan
protocolo de parto
A representation that is the result of an abdominal examination and describes some observable characteristic related to the abdominal cavity or its organs.
Uma representação que é o resultado de um exame abdominal e descreve alguma característica observável relacionada à cavidade abdominal ou seus órgãos.
achados do exame abdominal da mulher, achados do exame abdominal feminino
abdominal examination finding
achado no exame abdominal
A representation that is the result of a physical breast examination and describes some observable characteristic related to the breasts, including structural, functional, or pathological changes.
Uma representação que é o resultado de um exame físico da mama e descreve alguma característica observável relacionada às mamas, incluindo alterações estruturais, funcionais ou patológicas.
achados do exame de mama da mulher
achado no exame de mama
breast examination finding
A representation that is the result of a general physical examination and describes some observable characteristic in multiple systems or anatomical regions of the human body.
Uma representação que é o resultado de um exame físico geral e descreve alguma característica observável em múltiplos sistemas ou regiões anatômicas do corpo humano.
achados do exame físico geral
general examination finding
An information entity that is a type of physical examination finding and corresponds to a result observed, measured, or identified during the performance of a pelvic examination, which may indicate normality or abnormality in the female reproductive organs, pelvic structures, or adjacent tissues.
Uma informação que é um tipo de achado de exame físico e corresponde a um resultado observado, medido ou identificado durante a realização de um exame pélvico, podendo indicar normalidade ou anormalidade nos órgãos reprodutivos femininos, estruturas pélvicas ou tecidos adjacentes.
achados do exame pélvico
pelvic examination finding
An information entity that is a type of pelvic examination finding and corresponds to a result observed, measured, or identified during the performance of a vaginal examination, which may indicate normality or abnormality in the vaginal mucosa, structural integrity, presence of secretions, or other characteristics relevant to gynecological health.
Uma informação que é um tipo de achado de exame pélvico e corresponde a um resultado observado, medido ou identificado durante a realização de um exame vaginal, podendo indicar normalidade ou anormalidade na mucosa vaginal, na integridade estrutural, na presença de secreções ou em outras características relevantes para a saúde ginecológica.
achados do exame vaginal
vaginal examination finding
A physical examination that involves the participation of a human body and includes inspection, palpation, and, when applicable, functional assessment of hearing and balance, aiming to identify structural or functional alterations in the external, middle, or inner ear.
Um exame físico que tem como participante algum corpo humano e que envolve a inspeção, palpação e, quando aplicável, a avaliação funcional da audição e do equilíbrio, com o objetivo de identificar alterações estruturais ou funcionais no ouvido externo, médio ou interno.
ears examination
exame dos ouvidos
horário da medida
measurement time
.A physical examination that involves the participation of a human body and includes clinical or imaging evaluation of the breasts, aiming to identify structural, functional, or pathological alterations.
Um exame físico que tem como participante algum corpo humano e que envolve a avaliação clínica ou por imagem das mamas, com o objetivo de identificar alterações estruturais, funcionais ou patológicas.
breast examination
exame da mama
An examination that is a type of physical examination and involves the inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation of the abdominal region to assess internal organs and identify signs of diseases or abnormalities in the abdominal cavity.
Um exame que é um tipo de exame físico e envolve a inspeção, palpação, percussão e ausculta da região abdominal para avaliar órgãos internos e identificar sinais de doenças ou anormalidades na cavidade abdominal.
abdominal examination
exame abdominal
A physical examination in which a physician check the pelvic region and its organs.
Um exame físico em que um médico verificar a região pélvica e seus órgãos.
exame da pélvis
exame pélvico
pelvic examination
An examination that is a type of physical examination and consists of a comprehensive assessment of the patient, including the observation and measurement of general bodily signs and characteristics, aiming to identify potential abnormalities or health conditions.
Um exame que é um tipo de exame físico e consiste em uma avaliação abrangente do paciente, incluindo a observação e medição de sinais e características gerais do corpo, com o objetivo de identificar possíveis anormalidades ou condições de saúde.
exame físico geral
general physical examination
A physical examination that has participant some male human body and realizes some patient role, inhering to some Homo sapiens which has male genotypic sex quality.
Um exame físico que tem como participante algum corpo humano masculino e realiza um papel paciente, inerente a algums Homo sapiens, que tem a como qualidade genotípica o sexo masculino.
exame físico masculino
male physical examination
psychiatric examination
documentação do prontuário médico
medical record documentation
nose examination
exame de garganta
throat examination
cardiovascular examination
exame cardiovascular
exame respiratório
respiratory examination
exame gastrointestinal
gastrointestinal examination
exame neurológico
neurologic examination
endocrine examination
exame endócrino
exame musculoesquelético
musculoskeletal examination
exame da pele
skin examination
exame imunológico
immunologic examination
exame hematológico e linfático
hematologic and lymphatic examination
constitutional examination
exame da constituição do organismo
obstetrician role
papel de obstetra
gynecologist role
papel de ginecologista
papel de pediatra
pediatrician role
altura medida
dado de medição de altura
height measurement data
dado de medição do peso
weight measurement data
unidade de medida de peso
weight unit
A measurement unit that is a standard vertical distance measured between two points where the lowest point is at ground level and the highest point is above the lowest point.
Uma unidade medida que é uma medida padrão da distância vertical entre dois pontos onde o ponto inferior está no nível do chão e o ponto mais alto está acima do ponto mais baixo.
height unit
unidade de medida da altura
body height measurement data
dado de medição de altura corporal
body weight measurement data
dado de medição do peso corporal
A one-dimensional temporal region which a medical encounter occurs.
Uma região temporal unidimensional que ocorre uma consulta médica.
data do atendimento médico
data da consulta médica
date of medical encounter
A date of medical encounter that refers to the date when an examination was performed.
Uma data de encontro médico que se refere à data em que um exame foi realizado.
data do exame
date of examination
A zero-dimensional temporal region that labels a point of time delimited by a system of numbering. This system here is the Gregorian calendar, which is the most widely used around the world and defines a date considering a year, a month of the year, and a day of the month.
Uma região temporal de dimensão zero que marca um ponto de tempo delimitado por um sistema de numeração. Este sistema é o calendário gregoriano, que é o mais utilizado em todo o mundo e define uma data considerando um ano, um mês do ano e um dia do mês.
date
seção de sinais vitais
vital signs section
An information entity that is a type of physical examination finding and corresponds to a result observed, measured, or identified during the assessment of a vital sign, which may indicate normality or abnormality in essential physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature.
Uma informação que é um tipo de achado de exame físico e corresponde a um resultado observado, medido ou identificado durante a avaliação de um sinal vital, podendo indicar normalidade ou anormalidade em parâmetros fisiológicos essenciais, como frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial, frequência respiratória e temperatura corporal.
impressões sobre os sinais vitais
descoberta sobre os sinais vitais
vital sign finding
diastolic blood pressure measurement datum
pressão arterial diastólica medida
seção de dados demográficas
demographic information section
seção de informações demográficas
pressão arterial sistólica medida
systolic blood pressure measurement datum
An examination of the female breast that is a type of female breast inspection and involves the visual observation of the breast at rest, without active arm or torso movement, allowing the detection of visible skin abnormalities, asymmetries, or superficial masses.
Um exame da mama feminina que é um tipo de inspeção da mama feminina e envolve a observação visual da mama em repouso, sem movimentação ativa dos braços ou do tronco, permitindo a detecção de anomalias visíveis na pele, assimetrias ou massas superficiais.
inspeção estática da mama
static breast inspection
An examination of the female breast that is a type of female breast inspection and involves the visual observation of the breast during active arm or torso movement, allowing the identification of abnormalities that become more evident with muscle contraction or positional changes.
Um exame da mama feminina que é um tipo de inspeção da mama feminina e envolve a observação visual da mama durante a movimentação ativa dos braços ou do tronco, permitindo a identificação de anomalias que se tornam mais evidentes com a contração muscular ou mudanças na posição.
dinamic breast inspection
inspeção dinâmica da mama
data da medição
measurement date datum
A textual entity used to identify the place or location that is a residence of a person or a family.
Uma entidade textual usada para identificar a localização onde que é residência de uma pessoa ou de uma família.
endereço residencial
residential address
A data set that covers the needed information of the patient partner.
Um conjunto de dados que cobre as informações necessárias sobre o parceiro do paciente.
conjunto de dados do parceiro do paciente
patient partner data set
A data set that covers the needed information of the patient emergency contact.
Um conjunto de dados que cobre as informações necessárias do contato de emergência do paciente.
Conjunto de dados de contato de emergência
emergency contact data set
cuidado pré-natal, consulta pré-natal, monitoramento pré-natal
prenatal care, prenatal monitoring
acompanhamento pré-natal
prenatal encounter
A part of the female body formed by the cervix, vagina, and vulva through which the fetus passes during birth.
Uma parte do corpo feminino formado pelo colo do útero, vagina e vulva através do qual o feto passa durante o nascimento.
birth canal
canal de parto
An information content entity that is the result of an enrollment process and is used to refer to a single occurrence of a certain entity instance in the context of the enrollment made.
Uma entidade de conteúdo de informação que é o resultado de um processo de cadastramento e é usada para se referir a uma uma única ocorrência de certa instância de entidade no contexto do cadastro realizado.
código de identificação
identifier code
A document created by an organism which has role health care provider with the plan of care instructions to another organism which has role patient and included the indication of medicines in which this organism should take.
Um documento criado por um organismo que tem papel prestador de cuidados de saúde com o plano de instruções de cuidados para outro organismo que tem papel paciente, e inclui a indicação de medicamentos em que este organismo deve tomar.
medical prescription
receita médica
Código de identificação de um indivídual referente a seu cadastro de pessoas físicas.
CPF
Cada inscrito é unicamente identificado por um número de inscrição no CPF de 11 dígitos decimais. Esse número jamais muda senão por decisão judicial ou administrativa.
O Cadastro de Pessoas Físicas (CPF) é um banco de dados gerenciado pela Secretaria da Receita Federal do Brasil – RFB, que armazena informações cadastrais de contribuintes obrigados à inscrição no CPF, ou de cidadãos que se inscreveram voluntariamente.
cadastro de pessoas físicas
individual taxpayer registry
Documento nacional de identificação civil no Brasil.
Brazilian general civil registry
registro geral
Um código de identificação ou registro de identidade civil, que integra todos os estados federados e o Distrito Federal, garantindo, através de processos multibiométricos e integração de bases de dados, a identificação unívoca do brasileiro nato ou naturalizado.
RIC
Brazilian civil identity registry
registro de identidade civil
CNS
número do cartão SUS
O Cartão Nacional de Saúde (CNS) é um documento numerado que possibilita a identificação de qualquer pessoa no Brasil ao utilizar os serviços de saúde. Ele pode ser considerado uma carteira de identidade da saúde.
Brazilian national health card number
número do cartão nacional de saúde
cartão nacional de saúde
national health card number
A data calculada para o provável parto considerando a data do primeiro dia da última menstruação da grávida e uma gravidez de 40 semanas.
A time measurement datum that is the estimated date for the probable birth calculated by considering the date of the first day of the last menstruation of the pregnant woman and a pregnancy of 40 weeks.
DPP
EDD
estimated childbirth due date
estimated due date
data provável do parto
estimated date of delivery
first prenatal visit
primeira consulta pré-natal
first prenatal encounter
primeiro encontro pré-natal
An health care process tha is a monitoring a person's health over time after treatment. This includes keeping track of the health of people who participate in a clinical study or clinical trial for a period of time, both during the study and after the study ends.
NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms URL: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?cdrid=44671
acompanhamento
follow-up
acompanhamento clínico
clinical follow-up
acompanhamento ginecológico
gynecological follow-up
acompanhamento psicológico
psychological follow-up
orthopaedic surgery
cirurgia ortopédica
orthopedic surgery
cirurgia ginecológica
gynecological surgery
cirurgia obstétrica
obstetric surgery
cirurgia neurológica
neurological surgery
cirurgia plástica
plastic surgery
cirurgia torácica
thoracic surgery
cirurgia vascular
vascular surgery
cirurgia gastrointestinal
gastrointestinal surgery
bariatric surgery
cirurgia bariátrica
cardiac surgery
cirurgia cardíaca
A planned process that is a collection of some material to create a material sample of a material examination process.
coleta de material
material collection
A planned process that results is a collection of some blood portion to create a blood sample of a blood examination process.
blood portion collection
coleta de sangue
diagnóstico pré-natal
prenatal diagnosis
An organization that can bear health care provider organization role.
Uma organização que pode desempenhar o papel de organização prestadora de cuidados de saúde.
health care provider organization
organização prestadora de cuidados de saúde
A health care provider organization of the Brazilian health care system that bears health care provider organization role and has function the primary care function.
Uma organização prestadora de cuidados de saúde do sistema de saúde brasileiro que desempenha o papel de organização prestadora de cuidados de saúde e tem como função a atenção primária.
UBS
Brazilian basic health unit
unidade básica de saúde
UBS I
UBS I abriga, no mínimo, uma equipe de Saúde da Família.
Brazilian basic health unit I
unidade básica de saúde I
UBS II
UBS II abriga, no mínimo, duas equipes de Saúde da Família.
Brazilian basic health unit II
unidade básica de saúde II
UBS III
UBS III abriga, no mínimo, três equipes de Saúde da Família.
Brazilian basic health unit III
unidade básica de saúde III
UBS IV
UBS IV abriga, no mínimo, quatro equipes de Saúde da Família.
Brazilian basic health unit IV
unidade básica de saúde IV
papel de atenção primária
primary care role
função de atenção primária
primary care function
A quantitative human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) test measures the specific level of HCG in the blood. HCG is a hormone produced in the body during pregnancy. Source: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003510.htm
Exame de sangue que verifica os níveis do hormônio HCG no sangue. Usado para identifica possível gravidez.
exame bHCG
bHCG test
exame Beta HCG
A medical intervention that uses medical imaging to detect, identify, or quantify, inside a body, clues about a health condition, and also to evaluate organ functions, to help establish or confirm a diagnosis, and establish the nature of a condition or disease.
Uma intervenção médica que usa imagens médicas para detectar, identificar ou quantificar, dentro de um corpo, pistas sobre uma condição de saúde, e ainda avaliar as funções dos órgãos, ajudar a estabelecer ou confirmar um diagnóstico e estabelecer a natureza de uma doença ou condição.
exame radiológico
radiology test
X-ray examination
exame de raio X
USG
ultrasound
ultrassom
A radiology test that uses x-rays to create pictures of cross-sections of the body.
Um exame radiológico que usa raios-x para criar imagens de seções transversais do corpo.
computed tomography
tomografia computadorizada
PET
PET-CT
positron emission tomography
tomografia por emissão de pósitrons
A radiology test that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to create pictures of the body. It does not use radiation (x-rays).
Um exame radiológico que utiliza campos magnéticos fortes, ondas de rádio e gradientes de campo para gerar imagens do interior do corpo. Este exame não usa radiação (raios-x).
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
ressonância magnética
A radiology test that based on the absorption of electromagnetic radiation of a specific frequency by an atomic nucleus in the presence of a strong, static, magnetic field, used in medicine to monitor tissue metabolism and to distinguish between normal and abnormal cells.
Um exame radiológico que gera imagens do interior do corpo baseado na absorção de radiação eletromagnética de uma freqüência específica por um núcleo atômico na presença de um forte campo magnético estático, e que é usado em medicina para monitorar o metabolismo do tecido e para distinguir entre células normais e anormais.
NMR
RNM
nuclear magnetic resonance
ressonância nuclear magnética
urina I
exame de urina
urine test
A urine test to check for bacteria or other germs in a urine sample.
URC
urine culture
urocultura
A laboratory test that has as input a sample of feces from an organism, and as output the qualities measures for this feces sample.
Um teste de laboratório que tem como entrada uma amostra de fezes de um organismo, e como saída as qualidades medidas para esta amostra de fezes.
exame de fezes
stool test
A laboratory test that has as input a sample of feces from an organism, and checks the feces sample to detect blood hidden (occult) in it.
Um teste de laboratório que tem como entrada uma amostra de fezes de um organismo, e verifica a amostra de fezes para detectar sangue escondido (oculto) nele.
FIT
FOBT
fecal immunochemical test
exame de sangue oculto nas fezes
fecal occult blood test
A blood examination that consists of counting several components and features of a portion of blood, especially red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Um exame de sangue que consiste em contar vários componentes e características de uma porção de sangue, especialmente glóbulos vermelhos, glóbulos brancos e plaquetas.
hemograma
complete blood count
hemograma completo
A blood examination that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of antibodies against a specific antigen.
Um exame de sangue que consiste no teste do soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos contra um antígeno específico.
Teste sorológico
serology
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence and amount of IgM immunoglobulin (antibody) to an against a specific antigen.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença e quantidade de imunoglobulina IgM (anticorpo) contra um antígeno específico.
IgM serology
sorologia IgM
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence and amount of IgA immunoglobulin (antibody) to an against a specific antigen.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença e quantidade de imunoglobulina IgA (anticorpo) contra um antígeno específico.
IgA serology
sorologia IgA
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence and amount of IgE immunoglobulin (antibody) to an against a specific antigen.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença e quantidade de imunoglobulina IgE (anticorpo) contra um antígeno específico.
IgE serology
sorologia IgE
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence and amount of IgG immunoglobulin (antibody) to an against a specific antigen.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença e quantidade de IgG imunoglobulina (anticorpo) contra um antígeno específico.
IgG serology
sorologia IgG
A blood examination that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of antibodies against a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos contra o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV).
sorologia para Aids
teste sorológico para Aids
teste sorológico para HIV
HIV serology
sorologia para HIV
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence antibodies against the bacteria that cause syphilis.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos contra as bactérias que causam sífilis.
VDRL serology
sorologia VDRL
prenatal follow-up
A zero-dimensional temporal region that is the date of the first day of menstruation before a presenting illness or the advent of pregnancy-related amenorrhea. The date is used in estimating the expected date of delivery.
Uma região temporal zero-dimensional que é a data do primeiro dia da menstruação antes da apresentação de uma doença ou o advento da amenorréia relacionada à gravidez. A data é usada para estimar a data esperada de entrega.
DUM
LMP
date of last menstrual period
last menstrual period
Source link: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/last+menstrual+period
data da última menstruação
date of last menstruation
A quality of blood based on the presence and absence of antibodies and also based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells.
Uma qualidade do sangue determinada pela presença e ausência, na superfície das hemácias, tanto de anticorpos como também de antígenos de natureza bioquímica variada.
blood type
tipo sanguíneo
blood group
grupo sanguíneo
A blood group whose blood has A antigens on the surface of its red blood cells, with anti-B antibodies in the plasma.
Um grupo sanguíneo cujo sangue têm o antígeno A na superfície de suas hemácias, e o soro sanguíneo contido na Imunoglobulina M são anticorpos contra o antígeno B.
BT A
GS A
blood type A
blood group A
grupo sanguíneo A
A blood group whose blood has B antigens on the surface of its red blood cells, with anti-A antibodies in the plasma.
Um grupo sanguíneo cujo sangue têm o antígeno B na superfície de suas hemácias, e o soro sanguíneo contido na Imunoglobulina M são anticorpos contra o antígeno A.
BT B
GS B
blood type B
blood group B
grupo sanguíneo B
A blood group whose blood has both A and B antigens on the surface of its red blood cells but no antibodies in the plasma.
Um grupo sanguíneo cujo sangue têm tanto antígeno A e B na superfície de suas hemácias, e nenhum anticorpo.
BT AB
GS AB
blood type AB
blood group AB
grupo sanguíneo AB
A blood group whose blood has no antigens, but has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma.
Um grupo sanguíneo cujo sangue não possui nenhum antígeno na superfície de suas hemácias, mas o soro sanguíneo deles contém Imunoglobulina M com anticorpos anti-A e anti-B contra os antígenos A e B.
BT O
GS O
blood type O
blood group O
grupo sanguíneo O
A blood group based on the presence and absence of Rh antigens (Rh factor) on the surface of their red blood cells.
Grupo sanguíneo baseado na presença e ausência de antígenos Rh (fator Rh) na superfície de seus glóbulos vermelhos.
Rh blood group
grupo sanguíneo Rh
A blood group based on the presence of Rh antigens (Rh factor) on the surface of their red blood cells.
Grupo sanguíneo baseado na presença de antígenos Rh (fator Rh) na superfície de seus glóbulos vermelhos.
Rh+
Rh positive blood group
grupo sanguíneo Rh positivo
A blood group based on the absence of Rh antigens (Rh factor) on the surface of their red blood cells.
Grupo sanguíneo baseado na ausência de antígenos Rh (fator Rh) na superfície de seus glóbulos vermelhos.
Rh-
Rh negative blood group
grupo sanguíneo Rh negativo
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of antibodies against a Zika virus.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos contra um vírus Zika.
teste sorológico para vírus Zika
Zika virus serology
sorologia para vírus Zika
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos IgM e IgG contra Rubéola.
teste sorológico para rubéola
Rubella serology
sorologia para rubéola
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of antibodies to Hepatitis A virus.
Serologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos contra o vírus da Hepatite A.
hepatitis A serology
sorologia hepatite A
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of substances in the blood that show an active or past Hepatitis B virus infection.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de substâncias no sangue que apresentem uma infecção do vírus da hepatite B activa ou passada.
hepatitis B serology
sorologia hepatite B
A hepatitis B serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HbsAg). It indicates current hepatitis B infection.
Sorologia da hepatite B consistindo em soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença do antígeno de superfície do vírus da hepatite B (HbsAg). Indica a infecção por hepatite B atual.
Hepatitis B surface antigen – Shortened to HBsAg, the Hepatitis B surface antigen is a protein on the surface of the virus. HBsAg can be detected in high levels in the blood during acute or chronic Hepatitis B infection. The presence of HBsAg indicates that the person is infectious. Source: http://www.hepatitiscentral.com/news/understanding-hepatitis-b-serology/
HBsAg serology
sorologia HBsAg
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of IgM antibody to Hepatitis A virus.
Serologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpo IgM contra o vírus da Hepatite A.
Anti-HAV IgM serology
Sorologia IgM anti-HAV
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of IgG antibody to Hepatitis A virus.
Serologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos IgG contra o vírus da hepatite A.
Anti-HAV IgG serology
Sorologia IgG anti-HAV
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to Hepatitis A virus.
Serologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos IgM e IgG contra o vírus da Hepatite A.
Anti-HAV total serology
Sorologia total anti-HAV
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of IgM antibody to Hepatitis B virus.
Serologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpo IgM contra o vírus da Hepatite B.
Anti-HBc IgM serology
Sorologia IgM anti-HBc
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of IgG antibody to Hepatitis B virus.
Serologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos IgG contra o vírus da hepatite B.
Anti-HBc IgG serology
Sorologia IgG Anti-HBc
A hepatitis B serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of the antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen.
Serologia de hepatite B constituída pelo teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença do anticorpo contra o antígeno de superfície da hepatite B.
HBsAb serology
sorologia HBsAb
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of antibodies to Hepatitis C virus.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos contra o vírus da Hepatite C.
hepatitis C serology
sorologia hepatite C
A serology that consists of the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to toxoplasmosis.
Sorologia que consiste no teste de soro sanguíneo para detectar a presença de anticorpos IgM e IgG contra toxoplasmose.
sorologia para toxoplasmose
toxoplasmosis serology
A laboratory test that has as input a sample of feces from an organism, and checks for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infections.
Exame de fezes que verifica infecções por enterococos resistentes à vancomicina (ERV).
VRE test
exame ERV
A blood examination that consists of identifying total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count and leukocyte morphology in a blood sample.
Um exame de sangue que consiste em identificar a contagem total de leucócitos, a contagem diferencial de leucócitos e a morfologia dos leucócitos numa amostra de sangue.
leukocyte profile
leucograma
leukogram
Intentional rupture of the amniotic membrane with a small instrument called an amniotome. The amniotic sac is opened during labor to initiate the expulsive stage (not to be performed before the cervix is dilated to at least 4-5 cm). Augmented laborWhen contractions begin spontaneously but are not sufficiently strong and regular, medications such as oxytocin are administered to stimulate the uterine muscles and shorten the birth process. This method is advisable if labor has been prolonged and the woman is too exhausted to push. Source: http://www.genico.ch/en/childbirth_glossary
amniotomia
amniotomy
A movement that the baby makes during birth so that the head and shoulders can emerge from the last part of the birth canal.
Um movimento que o bebê faz durante o nascimento para que a cabeça e os ombros possam emergir da última parte do canal do parto.
disengagement
encaixe
A medical procedure that an obstetrician performs.
Um procedimento médico que um obstetra executa.
obstetric procedure
procedimento obstétrico
An episiotomy is a surgical incision made in the area between the vagina and anus (perineum). This is done during the last stages of labor and delivery to expand the opening of the vagina to prevent tearing during the delivery of the baby. Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/episiotomy
Uma episiotomia é uma incisão cirúrgica feita na área entre a vagina eo ânus (períneo). Isto é feito durante os últimos estágios do trabalho de parto e parto para expandir a abertura da vagina para evitar rasgar durante o parto do bebê.
episiotomia
episiotomy
A movement made by the baby during the birth, which consists of the baby's entry into the birth canal in preparation for expulsion from the uterus.
Um movimento feito pelo bebê durante o nascimento, que consiste na entrada do bebê no canal de parto em preparação para a expulsão do útero.
http://www.genico.ch/en/childbirth_glossary and http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/engagement
It requires complete dilation of the cervix.
engajamento fetal
fetal engagement
Kristeller maneuver
manobra de Kristeller
Doença que se caracteriza pela dimensão exagerada de todas as partes do corpo.
The condition of having an abnormally large body.
macrossomatia
macrosomatia
macrossomia
A human being that is biologically consider female because has the genotype female.
Um ser humano que é considerado biologicamente feminino pois possui o genótipo feminino.
mulher
woman
A woman who has not yet given birth.
Uma mulher que nunca pariu.
nullipara
nulípara
A document on which the important events of the birth process are recorded in a chart or graphic display. Provides an overview of everything that happens during labor, with accurate records physiological parameters of the mother and offspring, recorded periodically along with details of medical intervention.
Um documento em que são registrados em um formato gráfico os eventos importantes do processo de nascimento. Fornece uma visão geral de tudo o que acontece durante o trabalho de parto, com registros precisos parâmetros fisiológicos da mãe e prole, registrados periodicamente, juntamente com detalhes de intervenção médica.
partogram
partograma
A biological process that consists on the tear of the amniotic sac, causing the amniotic fluid to flow out through the vagina. It usually happens shortly before the birth, the expectant mother feels wetness and notices a clear odorless fluid.
Um processo biológico que consiste na ruptura do saco amniótico, fazendo com que o líquido amniótico flua para fora através da vagina. Geralmente acontece pouco antes do nascimento, a gestante sente umidade e percebe um líquido claro e inodoro.
ruptura de membranas
rupture of membranes
AFI
amniotic fluid index
a rare condition in which amniotic fluid or fetal cells enter the maternal bloodstream and trigger an overwhelming, often fatal, allergic reaction.
AFE
amniotic fluid embolism
mammography
mamografia
A telephone number that is used to call from any kind of telephone line to another in which is a mobile device.
Um número de telefone que é usado para chamar de qualquer tipo de linha telefônica para outra em que é um dispositivo móvel.
MIN
MSIN
cellphone number
mobile phone number
mobile subscription identification number
mobile identification number
número do telefone celular
fax number
A telephone number that is assigned to a particular fax machine and used in making connections to it.
Um número de telefone que é atribuído a um determinado aparelho de fax e usado para estabelecer conexões com ele.
fax identification number
número do fax
A telephone number that is assigned to a particular phone located at a place of someone residence.
Um número de telefone atribuído a um determinado telefone localizado na residência de alguém.
número de telefone residencial
residential phone number
A telephone number that is assigned to a particular phone located at a place of someone work.
Um número de telefone atribuído a um determinado telefone localizado no local de trabalho de alguém.
commercial phone number
número de telefone comercial
A textual entity used to identify the place or location that is a work place of a person.
Uma entidade textual usada para identificar a localização do local de trabalho de uma pessoa.
commercial address
endereço comercial
O descolamento da placenta, que também pode ser conhecido como placenta abrupta, consiste na separação da placenta do tecido interior do útero e, por isso, é uma situação grave que pode causar complicações tanto na mãe como no bebê, como hemorragia ou parto prematuro, por exemplo.
Placental abruption (also known as abruptio placentae) is a complication of pregnancy, wherein the placental lining has separated from the uterus of the mother prior to delivery.
abruptio placenta
It cause the mother to hemorrhage possibly requiring a Cesarean delivery.
descolamento da placenta
placenta abrupta
placenta abruption
A plan specification that orients how to estimated both the gestational age and the estimated due date to childbirth.
Um plano de especificação que orienta como estimar tanto a idade gestacional como a data estimada para o parto.
method for EDD determination
método para determinação da DPP
A measurement data that gives the amount of something or someone, which was obtained by a counting process or an identification process.
Um dado de medição que fornece a quantidade de algum sujeito (coisa ou pessoa), que foi obtido ou por um processo de contagem ou por um processo de identificação.
quantidade
quantidade medida
dado de medição da quantidade
quantity measurement datum
A date of medical encounter that refers to the date when the first prenatal medical encounter occurs.
Uma data de encontro médico que se refere à data em que ocorre a primeira consulta médica pré-natal.
data da primeira consulta pré-natal
date of first prenatal visit
number of living children
quantidade de crianças vivas
quantity of living children
number of prenatal visits
quantidade de visitas pré-natal
quantity of prenatal visits
quantidade de abortos
quantity of abortion
quantidade de abortos espontâneos
quantity of spontaneous abortion
quantidade de abortos induzidos
quantity of induced abortion
quantidade de gestações anteriores
quantity of previous pregnancies
quantidade de partos anteriores
quantity of previous deliveries
quantidade de gestações ectópicas
quantity of ectopic pregnancy
quantidade de parto vaginal
quantity of vaginal birth
quantidade de partos cesáreos
quantidade de cesárea
quantity of Cesarean birth
quantidade de partos vaginais após cesárea
quantity of vaginal birth after cesarean
quantidade de partos induzidos
quantity of induced labor
quantidade de partos via forceps
quantity of forceps delivery
quantidade de partos assistidos a vácuo
quantity of vacuum extraction
quantidade de partos de gravidez múltipla
quantity of multiple pregnancy births
multiple gestation
multiple pregnancy
multiple female pregnancy
twin pregnancy
triplet pregnancy
higher-order pregnancy
single gestation
single pregnancy
single female pregnancy
quads pregnancy
a mulher que se encontra grávida pela primeira vez
a woman who is pregnant for the first time.
gravida I
grávida I
primigrávida
primigesta
primigravida
A woman who is carrying a developing offspring within her body.
Uma mulher que está carregando um embrião ou feto em desenvolvimento dentro de seu corpo.
mulher grávida
pregnant woman
A woman who is not carrying a developing offspring within her body.
Uma mulher que não está carregando um embrião ou feto em desenvolvimento dentro de seu corpo.
mulher não grávida
not pregnant woman
A woman who has given birth to only one child.
Uma mulher que pariu apenas uma vez.
primipara
primípara
A woman who gave birth several times, at least three times.
Uma mulher que pariu várias vezes, pelos menos 3 vezes.
multipara
multípara
a mulher que se encontra grávida pela segunda vez
a woman who is pregnant for the second time.
GII
gravida II
grávida II
secundigesta
secundigravida
Uma mulher que está grávida e esteve grávida pelo menos duas vezes antes.
a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnant at least twice before.
plurigravida
multigesta
multigravida
cirurgia uterina
uterine surgery
A uterine surgery that consists in the removal of fibroids (noncancerous tumors) from the wall of the uterus.
Uma cirurgia uterina que consiste na remoção de dos miomas uterinos (tumores não cancerosos), fibróides ou fibroma, da parede do útero preservando o útero.
leiomyomas
myomectomy. (n.d.) Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. (2008). Retrieved January 5 2017 from http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myomectomy
miomectomia
myomectomy
Simply explained a uterine window is a weakness in the uterine muscle. A uterine window can happen in any woman who has had uterine surgery but the most common reason is a previous c-section. Uterine windows are often discovered in the third trimester at the time of c-section. When a uterine window occurs the uterine wall becomes as thin as Saran Wrap and the baby can clearly be seen through the thin uterine muscle. Hence the term ‘uterine window’. It is commonly believed uterine windows will eventually progress to rupture of the uterus if enough time and stress are allowed. https://www.tubal-reversal.net/blog/uterine-window-and-uterine-rupture-is-tubal-ligation-necessary/
janela uterina
uterine window
Uterine perforation is a potential complication of any intrauterine procedure. It may be associated with injury to surrounding blood vessels or viscera such as the bladder or intestine. If not diagnosed at the time of the procedure it can occasionally result in massive hemorrhage or sepsis; however, the majority of uterine perforations are sub-clinical and safely resolve by themselves without treatment and do not cause any significant long-term damage. Risk factors include cervical stenosis during trans-cervical procedures or decreased strength of the myometrial wall as in pregnancy or menopause. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterine_perforation
perfuração uterina
uterine perforation
Uterine rupture is a potentially catastrophic event during childbirth by which the integrity of the myometrial wall is breached. In an incomplete rupture the peritoneum is still intact. With a complete rupture the contents of the uterus may spill into the peritoneal cavity or the broad ligament. A uterine rupture is a life-threatening event for mother and baby. A uterine rupture typically occurs during active labor, but may also develop during late pregnancy. Uterine dehiscence is a similar condition, but involves fewer layers, less bleeding, and less risk. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterine_rupture
ruptura uterina
uterine rupture
An obstetric procedure that allows a physician to look through the vagina and neck of the uterus (cervix) to inspect the cavity of the uterus.
Um procedimento obstétrico que permite um médico visualizar para uma vagina e colo uterino para inspecionar uma cavidade do útero.
hysteroscopy. (n.d.) McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. (2002). Retrieved January 5 2017 from http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hysteroscopy
histeroscopia
hysteroscopy
A congenital malformation resulting from an interruption of normal development of the müllerian ducts.
Uma malformação congênita resultante de uma interrupção do desenvolvimento normal dos ductos müllerianos.
ADM
MDA
Mullerian malformation
Müllerian duct anomaly
anomalias dos ductos de Müller
anomalias dos ductos müllerianos
Chandler, T. M., Machan, L. S., Cooperberg, P. L., Harris, A. C., & Chang, S. D. (2009). Müllerian duct anomalies: from diagnosis to intervention. The British Journal of Radiology, 82(984), 1034–1042. http://doi.org/10.1259/bjr/99354802
anomalias dos ductos mullerianos
mullerian duct anomalies
A cesarean section that is made through a vertical midline incision of the upper segment of the uterus.
Uma cesariana que é feita através de uma incisão na linha média vertical do segmento superior do útero.
cesariana de segmento superior
classical cesarean section
upper segment caesarean section
It is the fastest method of cesarean delivery in which is usually used when a rapid delivery is necessary or for very preterm fetuses.
É o método mais rápido de cesariana em que normalmente é utilizado quando é necessário um parto rápido ou para fetos muito prematuros.
cesariana clássica
cesariana tradicional
classical caesarean section
A lower segment cesarean section that is made through a transverse incision in the thin supracervical part of the lower uterine segment, behind the bladder and the bladder flap.
Seção cesariana de segmento inferior que é feita através de uma incisão transversal na parte supracervical fina do segmento uterino inferior, atrás da bexiga e da aba da bexiga.
low transverse cesarean section
cesariana transversal do segmento inferior
low transverse caesarean section
O peso corporal de um organismo identificado no instante mais próximo após o nascimento.
The body weight of an organism identified at the closest instant after birth.
peso ao nascer
weight at birth
O peso corporal de um organismo grávido no início da gravidez.
The body weight of a pregnant organism at pregnancy onset.
Geralmente identificado na primeira consulta pré-natal.
Usually identified at the first prenatal visit.
peso no início da gravidez
weight at pregnancy onset
hematoma vaginal
vaginal hematoma
A lower segment cesarean section that is made through a vertical incision in the lower uterine segment.
Um segmento de cesariana de segmento inferior que é feito através de uma incisão vertical no segmento uterino inferior.
low vertical cesarean section
A low vertical incision might be used if your baby is in an awkward position (top right). Source: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/c-section/multimedia/uterine-incisions-used-during-c-sections/img-20006738
cesariana vertical do segmento inferior
low vertical caesarean section
agenesia mülleriana
müllerian agenesis
unicornuate uterus
útero unicorno
uterus didelphys
útero didelfo
bicornuate uterus
útero bicorno
septated uterus
útero septado
arcuate uterus
útero arqueado
DES-related uterus
family clinical history
história clínica familiar
história obstétrica
obstetric history
gynecological history
história ginecológica
A dilation process of the diameter of the cervix, that is the opening of the cervix.
Um processo de dilatação do diâmetro do colo do útero, em outra palavras, é a abertura do colo do útero.
cervical dilatation
dilatação da cérvix
dilatação do colo do útero
dilatação do colo uterino
cervical dilation
dilatação cervical
A scalar measurement that refers to the diameter of the opening of the cervix measured during the cervical dilation process.
Uma medida escalar que se refere ao diâmetro da abertura do colo do útero medida durante o processo de dilatação cervical.
cervical dilation measurement
valor da dilatação do colo do útero
It is expressed in centimeters or finger breadths; one finger breadth is approximately 2 cm. At full dilation the diameter of the cervical opening is 10 cm. Source: Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 9th edition. © 2009, Elsevier, found at <http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cervical+dilation>
cervix diameter measurement datum
medida do diâmetro do colo do útero
A biological process that the cervix stretches and gets thinner.
Um processo biológico que o colo uterino se estica e fica mais fino.
apagamento cervical
apagamento do colo do útero
cervical ripening
apagamento do colo uterino
cervical effacement
A position inhering in a fetus by virtue of the fetus head's spatial location relative to the the mother's birth canal, during the parturition.
Uma posição inerente a um feto em virtude da localização espacial da cabeça do feto em relação ao canal de nascimento da mãe, durante o parto.
station of the fetus
station. (n.d.) Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. (2003). Retrieved January 4 2017 from http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/station
estação fetal
fetal station
A measurement datum that refers to the fetal station measured during a vaginal delivery.
Um dado de medida da estação fetal medida durante um parto vaginal.
fetal station measurement datum
valor da estação fetal
Number of previous pregnancy with more than one fetus.
quantidade de gestações múltiplas anteriores
quantity of previous multiple pregnancy
quantidade de gestação única
quantity of single pregnancy
quantidade de gestações de gêmeos
quantity of twins pregnancy
quantidade de gestações de trigêmeos
quantity of triplets pregnancy
quantidade de gestações de quadrigêmeos
quantity of quads pregnancy
quantidade de gestações de maior grau
quantity of higher-order pregnancy
An obstetric procedure to remove a woman’s uterus.
Um procedimento obstétrico para remover o útero de uma mulher.
histerectomia
hysterectomy
A cesarean section that is made through an incision in the lower uterine segment.
Uma cesariana que é feita através de uma incisão no segmento uterino inferior.
LSCS
LUCS
cesariana do segmento inferior uterino
cesariana de segmento inferior
lower segment caesarean section
O peso corporal de um organismo grávido identificado no instante mais próximo do parto.
The body weight of a pregnant organism identified at the closest instant prior the labor.
peso no parto
weight at delivery
A cabeça do feto.
A head that is part of a fetus.
cabeça do feto
fetal head
number of days of bleeding
número de dias de sangramento menstrual
duração da menstruação
length of periods
number of days between periods
duração do ciclo menstrual
length of menstrual cycle
postcoital bleeding
sangramento pós-coito
intermenstrual bleeding
sangramento intermenstrual
irregular bleeding
sangramento irregular
An injury associated with the uterus.
Uma lesão associada ao útero.
lesão uterina
uterine injury
lesão vaginal
vaginal injury
breast injury
lesão mamária
O último período menstrual que é identificado por uma data específicada.
The last menstrual period that is identified by a specified date.
last menstruation
últma mesntruação
A time measurement datum that is the result of measurement of the gestational age of a pregnant organism.
Um dado de medida de tempo que é o resultado da medição da idade gestacional de um organismo grávido.
gestational age measurement datum
idade gestacional medida
A presumed age of the embryo or fetus measured from the time of fertilization. Usually calculated from the last menstruation, which in 28 days menstrual cycle, might occurs 2 weeks before fertilization.
Uma idade presumida do embrião ou feto medida a partir do momento da fertilização. Normalmente calculado a partir da última menstruação, que em 28 dias do ciclo menstrual, pode ocorrer 2 semanas antes da fertilização.
embryonic age
idade embrionária
A time measurement datum that is the result of measurement of the embryonic age of an embryo or fetus.
Um dado de medida de tempo que é o resultado da medição da idade embrionária de um embrião ou feto.
embryonic age measurement datum
idade embrionária medida
content of estimated date of delivery
conteúdo da data estimada para o parto
conteúdo de data
date content
date identification process
processo de identificação de data
date of birth identification process
processo de identificação da data de nascimento
date of last menstruation identification process
processo de identificação da última data de menstruação
birth date content
conteúdo de data de nascimento
A female pregnancy that the pregnant woman has between 37 weeks and 0 days through 38 weeks and 6 days of gestational age (between 259 and 272 days).
Uma gravidez que a grávida tem entre 37 semanas e 0 dias a 38 semanas e 6 dias de idade gestacional (entre 259 e 272 dias).
early term pregnancy
Gravidez pré-termo
preterm pregnancy
A female pregnancy that the pregnant woman has between 39 weeks and 0 days through 40 weeks and 6 days of gestational age (between 273 and 286 days).
Uma gravidez que a grávida tem entre 39 semanas e 0 dias a 40 semanas e 6 dias de idade gestacional (entre 273 e 286 dias).
full term pregnancy
gravidez a termo
term pregnancy
A female pregnancy that the pregnant woman has 42 weeks and 0 days or more of gestational age (294 days or more).
Uma gravidez que a grávida tem 42 semanas e 0 dias ou mais de idade gestacional (294 dias ou mais).
gravidez pós-termo
postterm pregnancy
A female pregnancy that the pregnant woman has between 41 weeks and 0 days through 41 weeks and 6 days of gestational age (between 287 and 293 days).
Uma gravidez que a grávida tem entre 41 semanas e 0 dias até 41 semanas e 6 dias de idade gestacional (entre 287 e 293 dias).
gravidez tardia
late term pregnancy
Processo pelo qual um conjunto de fenômenos mecânicos e fisiológicos acontecem com a finalidade de expulsar o feto, e seus anexos, do utero materno.
childbirth
dar à luz
delivery
giving birth
A parturition which a pregnant woman is separated from its offspring by giving birth.
human parturition
parto humano
A human parturition where the birth of a baby happens with less than 37 weeks gestational age.
Um parto onde o nascimento de um bebê acontece com menos de 37 semanas da idade gestacional.
premature birth
preterm birth
preterm labor
parto prematuro
preterm labour
A female labour technique applied to a vaginal delivery.
A técnica usada para o parto normal vaginal
normal vaginal delivery
parto vaginal
vaginal birth
A assisted vaginal delivery that a pregnant female requires help to deliver her baby through a forceps instrument, which gets the baby's head to guide the baby out of the birth canal.
Um parto vaginal assistido que uma fêmea grávida precisa de ajuda para entregar seu bebê através de um instrumento de fórceps, que obtém a cabeça do bebê para orientar o bebê fora do canal de parto.
forceps birth
forceps-assisted delivery
parto fórceps
A assisted vaginal delivery that a pregnant female requires a vacuum device to assist delivering her baby.
Um parto vaginal assistido que uma grávida precisa de um dispositivo de vácuo para ajudar a dar à luz a seu bebê.
vacuum extraction
ventouse birth
parto por vácuo extrator
vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery
A vaginal birth that a pregnant female requires a labor induction by administration of drugs or manual techniques to initiate the process of labor.
Um parto vaginal que uma grávida requer uma indução de trabalho por administração de drogas ou técnicas manuais para iniciar o processo de trabalho.
IDV
induced labor
parto induzido
induced vaginal delivery
parto vaginal induzido
A vaginal birth technique that a pregnant female delivers goes into labor and requires the use of special instruments to deliver her baby vaginally.
Uma técnica de parto vaginal que uma grávida entra em trabalho de parto e requer o uso de instrumentos especiais para entregar seu bebê pela vagina.
AVD
IVD
instrumental vaginal delivery
parto assistido
parto dirigido
parto instrumental
parto não eutócico
assisted vaginal delivery
parto vaginal assistido
A vaginal birth that a pregnant female delivers her baby in the normal manner, without the use of drugs or techniques to induce labor, and without instrumentals, or a cesarean section.
Um nascimento vaginal que uma mulher grávida dá a luz da maneira normal, sem o uso de drogas ou técnicas para induzir trabalho de parto, e sem instrumental, ou uma cesariana.
SVD
parto espontâneo
parto eutócico
parto natural
spontaneous vaginal delivery
A vaginal birth that the baby is born presenting first his feet or breech instead of his head. Most babies in the breech position are born by a caesarean section because it is seen as safer than being born vaginally.
Um parto vaginal que o bebê nasce apresentando primeiro seus pés ou nádegas em vez de sua cabeça. A maioria dos bebês na posição de nádegas nasce por uma cesariana, porque é visto como mais seguro do que nascer vaginalmente.
breech birth
parto agripino
A vaginal birth in a woman who had one C-section delivery previously.
Um parto vaginal que a mulher que já passou por cesariana antes.
PNAP
VBAC
parto vaginal após cesárea
vaginal birth after cesarean
A technique or method applied to delivery a baby.
Uma técnica ou método aplicado para um determinado parto.
human parturition procedure
método de parto
A slow fetal heart rate.
Uma frequência cardíaca fetal lenta.
bradicardia fetal
fetal bradycardia
A female labour that the birth of baby is through the vagina.
Um parto que o nascimento do bebê é através da vagina.
A normal vaginal delivery (NVD) is a term for a vaginal delivery, whether or not assisted or induced, usually used in statistics or studies to contrast with a delivery by cesarean section. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginal_delivery
parto normal
vaginal delivery
A human parturition where the birth of a baby happens at or after 42 completed weeks (294 days) of gestatiol age.
Um parto onde o nascimento de um bebê acontece com 42 semanas da idade gestacional ou mais.
parto tardio
postterm birth
A parturition that presents difficult delivery or abnormally slow progress of labor.
Parto que apresenta um quadro de dificuldade no nascimento ou um progresso anormalmente lento do parto.
dysfunctional labor
parto distócico
A human parturition that is a result of a multiple pregnancy and where a pregnant delivers more than one baby.
Um parto que é o resultado de uma gravidez múltipla e onde uma grávida da a luz a mais de um bebê.
multiple birth
parto gemelar
FCF
FHR
fetal heart rate
freqüência cardíaca fetal
fetal heart rate measurement datum
frequência cadíaca fetal medida
A rapid fetal heart rate.
Uma frequência cardíaca fetal rápida.
fetal tachycardia
taquicardia fetal
A rapid and irregular fetal heart rate.
Uma frequência cardíaca fetal rápida e irregular.
fetal tachyarrhythmia
taquiarritmia fetal
dado de identificação religiosa
religion identity datum
dado de identificação ocupacional
occupation identity datum
PERSON: Fernanda Farinelli The IRI of this term is provisory because it was submitted to be part of OMRSE ontology and is waiting for the approval. After the approval, the IRI will be defined according to the OMRSE acronym.
processo de identificação da religião
religion identification process
occupation identification process
processo de identificação da ocupação
education level identity datum
education level identification process
processo de identificação do nível de escolaridade
dado de identificação de estado civil
marital status identity datum
marital status identification process
processo de identificação do estado civil
C-section
cesariana, cesárea
cesarean section
operação cesariana
A time quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of how long the bearer has existed.
idade
An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved.
A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure.
A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc).
Shapes are invariant on size transformations. Shapes can be subdivided into 2D and 3D shapes, We can also make a distinction between shapes of complete self-connected objects, and shapes of parts of objects.
TODO: define this or obsolete it and move children somewhere else.
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the whether the bearer differs from normal or average.
A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude.
A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's vertical dimension of extension.
altura
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
comprimento
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter.
massa
A physical quality inhering in a bearer that has mass near a gravitational body.
peso
A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity.
A physical quality of the thermal energy of a system.
temperatura
A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence per unit time.
rate
A quality in which events occur in sequence.
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's deviation from normal or average.
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting no deviation from normal or average.
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's protruding or projecting from the body.
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's bodily structure that has protruded through an abnormal opening in the wall that contains it.
A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being distorted during formation.
malformação
malformado
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width.
A 3-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of 3-dimensional space it occupies.
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite.
A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities.
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of force per unit area it exerts.
pressão
A quality which inheres in a continuant.
multiply inhering quality of a physical entity
Relational qualities are qualities that hold between multiple entities. Normal (monadic) qualities such as the shape of a eyeball exist purely as a quality of that eyeball. A relational quality such as sensitivity to light is a quality of that eyeball (and connecting nervous system) as it relates to incoming light waves/particles.
A 2-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's two dimensional extent.
A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's downward or backward or inward dimenision.
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary.
A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being distorted in form.
A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in one dimension.
A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in two dimensions.
A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in three dimensions.
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being abnormal and having a destructive effect on living tissue.
A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism.
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's bodily structure that has protruded through an abnormal opening in the wall that contains it into the surface or boundary of another entity.
A biological sex quality inhering in an individual based upon genotypic composition of sex chromosomes.
Note that the chromosomal constitution of genotypic sex varies in different organisms. In human, we have XY, XX, though abnormal XXY, X0, XYY, and other combinations are possible.
genótipo do sexo
A biological sex quality inhering in an individual based upon genotypic composition that confers the capability for an organism to differentiate male gonads.
Note that the chromosomal constitution of genotypic sex varies in different organisms. In human, this would be XY, though abnormal XXY and XYY would also result in a male phenotypic outcome.
genótipo para sexo masculino
A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population based upon genotypic composition that confers the capability for an organism to differentiate female gonads.
Note that the chromosomal constitution of genotypic sex varies in different organisms. In human, this would be XX, though abnormal X0 and XXX would also result in a female phenotypic outcome.
genótipo para sexo feminino
A general symptom that is characterized as an act, instance, or result of being bled or the process by which something is bled: as a the escape of blood from vessels.
sangramento
Blister is a skin and integumentary tissue symptom characterized as a fluid-filled elevation of the epidermis.
A urinary system symptom characterized by the presence of blood or blood cells in the urine.
hematúria
Hyperpigmentation is a skin and integumentary tissue symptom characterized as an excess pigmentation in a bodily part or tissue, as the skin.
Inflammation is a general symptom where there is a local response to cellular injury that is marked by capillary dilatation, leukocytic infiltration, redness, heat, pain, swelling, and often loss of function and that serves as a mechanism initiating the elimination of noxious agents and of damaged tissue.
inflamação
Lethargy is a fatigue characterized as abnormal drowsiness.
A sensation perception where there is an unpleasant sensation that usually indicates the body is threatened or damaged. The sensation may be sharp or dull, short-lived or chronic, intermittent or continual, confined to one area or spread over the entire body.
Prostration is a general symptom characterized by complete physical or mental exhaustion.
prostração
Skin ulcer is a skin lesion characterized as a break in skin with loss of surface tissue, disintegration and necrosis of epithelial tissue, and often pus.
Sneezing is a respiratory system and chest symptom characterized by a sudden violent spasmodic audible expiration of breath through the nose and mouth especially as a reflex act following irritation of the nasal mucous membrane.
fraqueza
perda de peso
Abortion is a reproductive system symptom resulting in the expulsion of a fetus of a domestic animal often due to infection at any time before completion of pregnancy.
abortamento
aborto
Miscarriage is a reproductive system symptom characterized by the spontaneous expulsion of a human fetus before it is viable and especially between the 12th and 28th weeks of gestation.
aborto espontâneo
Spontaneous abortion is a abortion characterized by the naturally occurring expulsion of a nonviable fetus.
Afebrile is a fever that is characterized as the state of being free from fever.
Coilc is a pain characterized by the condition marked by recurrent episodes of prolonged and uncontrollable crying and irritability in an otherwise healthy infant that is of unknown cause and usually subsides after three to four months of age.
Congestion is a respiratory system and chest symptom characterized by an excessive accumulation especially of blood or mucus.
Cyclic fever is a fever that occurs during periodic episodes.
Epididymitis is a reproductive system symptom characterized by an inflammation of the epididymis.
epididimite
epididimorquite
Bronchitis is a respiratory system and chest symptom characterized by an acute or chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
Premature labor is a reproductive system symptom characterized by labor occurring before 37 full weeks of pregnancy.
Runny nose is a nose symptom characterized by an excessive mucous secretion from the nose.
Mastitis is a skin and integumentary tissue symptom characterized as an inflammation of the mammary gland or udder usually caused by infection.
mastite
corrimento vaginal
ganho de peso
Vaginismus is a reproductive system symptom characterized by a painful spasmodic contraction of the vagina.
vaginismo
Bruise is a skin and integumentary tissue symptom characterized as an injury transmitted through unbroken skin to underlying tissue causing rupture of small blood vessels and escape of blood into the tissue with resulting discoloration.
loss of consciousness due to insuffiecient blood flow to the brain
Hyperthermia is a fever that involves an exceptionally high fever especially when induced artificially for therapeutic purposes.
Anxiety is a neurological and physiological symptom characterized by a painful or apprehensive uneasiness of mind usually over an impending or anticipated ill.
Dyspepsia is a digestive system symptom referred to as indigestion resulting from an impairment to digestion caused by ulcer, gall bladder disease or inflamed colon. Related symptoms include weakness, loss of appetite, and depression.
A symptom of peptic ulcer disease, however, dyspepsia is also a condition with it's own set of conidtions. Should this term stay in the symptom ontology ?
Urticaria is a skin and integumentary tissue symptom characterized by raised red skin wheals (welts) commonly caused by an allergic reaction with wheals that may vary in size from about 5 mm (0.2 inches) in diameter to the size of a dinner plate that are described as severely itchy a stingnig or burning sensation, and having a pale border.
sangramento uterino anormal, SUA
abnormal vaginal bleeding
sangramento vaginal anormal
perda de cabelo
A nose symptom that involves a is loss of blood from the tissue lining the nose.
Nausea is a digestive system symptom characterized by an uneasy or unsettled feeling in the stomach together with an urge to vomit.
sintoma abdominal
nutrition, metabolism, and development symptom
Dysuria is a urinary system symptom characterized by the difficult or painful discharge of urine.
disúria
sintoma do sistema urinário
A skin and integumentary tissue symptom characterized as an eruption on the body typically with little or no elevation above the surface.
Urinary incontinence is a urinary system symptom characterized by the an inability of the body to control the evacuative functions.
incontinência urinaria
Renal colic is a colic characterized by the severe pain produced by the passage of a calculus from the kidney through the ureter.
Headache is a pain characterized by a pain in the head.
dor de cabeça
Hemoptysis is a respiratory system and chest symptom characterized by an expectoration of blood from some part of the respiratory tract.
Palpitation is a cardiovascykar system symptom characterized by an abnormal awareness of the beating of the heart,whether it is too slow, too fast, irregular, or at its normal frequency when excited by violent exertion, strong emotion, or disease.
Diarrhea is a feces and droppng symptom involving the abnormally frequent intestinal evacuations with more or less fluid stools.
Orthopnea is a respiratory abnormality characterized by a difficulty in breathing that occurs when lying down and is relieved upon changing to an upright position (as in congestive heart failure).
Wheezing is a respiratory abnormality characterized by breathing with difficulty usually with a whistling sound.
Fever is a neurological and physiological symptom characterized by a rise of body temperature above the normal whether a natural response (as to infection) or artificially induced for therapeutic reasons.
Cough is a respiratory system and chest symptom characterized by an explosive expulsion of air from the lungs acting as a protective mechanism to clear the air passages or as a symptom of pulmonary disturbance.
secreção
Acute diarrhea is a diarrhea with either or both a rapid onset or a short course.
Chronic cough is a cough characterized by an explosive expulsion of air from the lungs acting as a protective mechanism to clear the air passages or as a symptom of pulmonary disturbance marked by long duration, by frequent recurrence over a long time, and often by slowly progressing seriousness.
Chronic fatigue syndrome is a fatigue characterized by a disorder of uncertain cause that is characterized by persistent profound fatigue usually accompanied by impairment in short-term memory or concentration, sore throat, tender lymph nodes, muscle or joint pain, and headache unrelated to any preexisting medical condition and that typically has an onset at about 30 years of age.
cólica
Infertility is a reproductive system symptom characterized as the biological inability of a man or a woman to contribute to conception or the state of a woman who is unable to carry a pregnancy to full term.
infertilidade
Gum bleeding is a mouth symptom characterized by a copious discharge of blood from the blood vessels of the mucosal tissue that lies over the alveolar bone.
A reproductive system symptom characterized by an abnormally profuse menstrual flow.
menstruação pesada, fluxo menstrual intenso
menorragia
Sore eyes is a eye symptom characterized by an inflammation of the thin covering of the eyeball and the inner eyelid brought about by a viral infection which may be highly contagious.
Stillbirth is a reproductive system symptom characterized by the birth of a dead fetus, occurs when a fetus which has died in the uterus or during labor or delivery exits a woman's body.
natimorto
Hypermenorrhea is a menorrhagia characterized by an abnormally profuse or prolonged menstrual flow.
sangramento prolongado, menstruação anormalmente longa, menstruação prolongada
hipermenorreia
Metrorrhagia is a menorrhagia characterized by an irregular uterine bleeding especially between menstrual periods.
sangramento uterino
metrorragia
Breathing problems is a respiratory abnormality characterized by a shortness of breath, a hard or uncomfortable intake of air, or the feeling that you're not getting enough air.
Nasal congestion is a congestion characterized by a blockage of the nasal passages usually due to membranes lining the nose becoming swollen from inflamed blood vessels.
Icteric eyes is a eye symptom characterized by yellowed eyes due to bile or bilirubin accumulation.
Otitis is a ear symptom characterized as a general term for inflammation or infection of the ear, in both humans and other animals.
Transient fever is a fever that is characterized as a rise of body temperature above the normal that is sustained for only a short period of time.
Low-grade fever is a fever that does not exceed 38.5 degree centrigrade.
Prolonged fever is a fever that persists over a prolonged period of time.
Mild fever is a fever that occurs in a mild form.
High fever is a fever that involved an elevated temperature.
Very high fever is a fever that involves extremely high temperatures.
Hyperpyrexia is a fever with an extreme elevation of body temperature greater than or equal to 41.5 degree Celsius (106.7 degree Fahrenheit).
Pel-Epstein fever is a fever that is associated with Hodgkin's lymphoma where the fever alternates weekly from high to low.
Continuous fever is a fever where temperature remains above normal throughout the day and does not fluctuate more than 1 degree Celsius in 24 hours.
Remittent fever is a fever where the temperature remains above normal throughout the day and fluctuates more than 1degree Celsius in 24 hours.
Relapsing fever is a fever where the body temperature periodically rises and falls.
Sensation perception is a nervous system symptom where the information perceived by sensory receptors are interpreted.
Vomiting is a digestive system symptom characterized by throwing up the stomach contents.
Dyspnea is a respiratory abnormality characterized by difficult or labored respiration.
Muscle pain is a pain characterized by pain in one or more muscles.
Fatigue is a neurological and physiological symptom characterized by a weariness or exhaustion from labor, exertion, or stress.
Constipation is a feces and droppings symptom involving the abnormally delayed or infrequent passage of dry hardened feces.
The stage of development at which the animal is fully formed, including immaturity and maturity. Includes both sexually immature stage, and adult stage.
A stage that is part of the embryo stage.
A life cycle stage that starts with fertilization and ends with the fully formed embryo.
The organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that produces spermatozoa.
By far, sexual reproduction is the more common pattern among living vertebrate forms and its widespread occurrence suggests that it is the plesiomorphic, or primitive, reproductive mode among the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
ISBN:978-0792383369 Lombardi J, Comparative vertebrate reproduction (1998) p.43
stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure
In birds, the postnatal stage begins when the beak penetrates the shell (i.e., external pipping) (Brown et al. 1997)
An entire span of an organism's life. In metazoans, commences with the zygote stage and ends with the death of the organism.
ciclo de vida completo
tempo de vida
tempo de vida completo
vida
ciclo de vida
A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism.
this class represents a proper part of the life cycle of an organism. The class 'life cycle' should not be placed here
the WBls class 'all stages' belongs here as it is the superclass of other WBls stages
we map the ZFS unknown stage here as it is logically equivalent to saying *some* life cycle stage
A stage at which the organism is a single cell produced by means of sexual reproduction.
As in all metazoans, eumetazoan development begins with a fertilized egg, or zygote.[well established][VHOG]
The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg; Stage consisting of division of cells in the early embryo. The zygotes of many species undergo rapid cell cycles with no significant growth, producing a cluster of cells the same size as the original zygote. The different cells derived from cleavage are called blastomeres and form a compact mass called the morula. Cleavage ends with the formation of the blastula.
An early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence.
consider adding a preceding stage 'morula stage' as part of cleavage
A stage defined by complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
Staged defined by the formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system.
A stage at which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism.
The stage of being a sexually immature adult animal[XAO:1000010].
In mammals this would include infant (nourishment from lactation) and juvenile (prepubertal no longer dependent on mother)
The stage of being a sexually mature adult animal.
Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. It allows the fetus to move freely without the walls of the uterus being too tight against its body. Buoyancy is also provided. The composition of the fluid changes over the course of gestation. Initially, amniotic fluid is similar to maternal plasma, mainly water with electrolytes. As the fetus develops, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, phospholipids originating from the lungs, fetal cells, and urea are deposited in the fluid.
The organs and associated structures associated with bearing offspring in a female animal.
blood that remains in the placenta and in the attached umbilical cord after childbirth[WP].
Cord blood is collected because it contains stem cells, which can be used to treat hematopoietic and genetic disorders.[WP]
sangue do cordão umbilical
A vaccine is a processed material with the function that when administered, it prevents or ameliorates a disorder in a target organism by inducing or modifying adaptive immune responses specific to the antigens in the vaccine.
Many vaccines are developed to protect against infectious pathogens. Many vaccines are also being developed against some diseases such as cancer and autoimmune diseases. Vaccine is developed against a disease. Allergy.
a role that inheres in a prepared material entity that is designed to induce protection or treament for a diease or infection in vivo.
vacina
a medical intervention that involves in adding vaccine into a host (e.g., human, mouse) in vivo with the intent to invoke an adaptive immune response.
a process of administering substance in vivo that involves in adding a vaccine into a host (e.g., human) in vivo with the intent to invoke a protective or therapeutic adaptive immune response.
administração de vacinas, administração de vacina
vaccination
vacinação
vaccine function is a function that inheres in a vaccine that induces protective immune response against a disease. It is realized in the immunization process in the host.
PERSPN: Oliver He: There has been hot discussion about whether we use 'vaccine function' or 'vaccine role'. Vaccine role may not be the good term to use. Vaccine is designed to be 'vaccine', so it should be vaccine function. One special case is cowpox virus. The cowpox virus can be mixed with some liquid like water and used as a smallpox vaccine. In this case, people often say: the cowpox virus has a 'vaccine role'. However, the cowpox virus vaccine is a processed material of a mix of the virus with water. The virus is a virus, it is not a vaccine per se. Therefore, vaccine role may not be an accurate term.
Active immunization is an immunization process that entails the introduction of a foreign molecule into the body, which causes the body itself to generate adaptive immunity against the target.
WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunization
Active immunization entails the introduction of a foreign molecule into the body, which causes the body itself to generate immunity against the target. This immunity comes from the T cells and the B cells with their antibodies. Active immunization can occur naturally when a person comes in contact with, for example, a microbe. If the person has not yet come into contact with the microbe and has no pre-made antibodies for defense (like in passive immunization), the person becomes immunized. The immune system will eventually create antibodies and other defenses against the microbe. The next time, the immune response against this microbe can be very efficient; this is the case in many of the childhood infections that a person only contracts once, but then is immune. Artificial active immunization is where the microbe, or parts of it, are injected into the person before they are able to take it in naturally. If whole microbes are used, they are pre-treated, Attenuated vaccine. (Wikipedia)
imunização ativa
Passive immunization is an immunization process where pre-synthesized elements of the immune system are transferred to an organism so that the body does not need to produce these elements itself.
Currently, antibodies can be used for passive immunization. This method of immunization works very quickly. However, it is short lasting. The antibodies are naturally broken down. If there are no B cells to produce more antibodies, they will disappear.
imunização passiva
artificial active immunization is an active immunization that occurs when a person or animal is vaccinated with a specific vaccine.
imunização artificial ativa
imunização por vacina
organismo humano vacinado
humano vacinado
vaccine preparation is a manufacturing process to produce a vaccine.
a role of host that contains vaccine. It is a role that inheres in an organism that is the target of a vaccine administration (vaccination process).
an organism that is vaccinated with a vaccine
organismo vacinado
vacinado
an organism that is immunized for a disease
immunized organism
organismo imunizado
an organism that is unvaccinated with a vaccine
organismo não vacinado
unvaccinated organism
The pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels.
Unless otherwise specified, a clinical report of a blood pressure is systolic left ventricular pressure over diastolic left ventricular pressure.
PA, pressão sanguínea
blood pressure
pressão arterial
valor da pressão arterial
blood pressure measurement datum
pressão arterial medida
blood pressure measurement process
processo de medição da pressão arterial
The temperature of a part of the human body
body temperature
temperatura corporal
body temperature measurement datum
temperatura corporal medida
body temperature measurement process
processo de medição da temperatura corporal
These phases belong in some OBO foundry ontology of cardiac physiology. Should include the subprocesses of systole and diastole as illustrated here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_cycle .
cardiac cycle phase
fase do ciclo cardíaco
core body temperature
The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the heart fills with blood.
diastole
diástole
Pad, pressão sanguínea diastólica
diastolic blood pressure
pressão arterial diastólica
The rate at which an artery pulses (i.e., participates in expansion-contraction cycles) as blood passes through it.
pulsação, batimentos cardíacos, pulso
freqüência cardíaca
pulse rate
FR, P, pulso, pulsação, pulsação medida
freqüência cardíaca medida
pulse rate measurement datum
processo de medição da freqüência cardíaca
pulse rate measurement process
respiração
freqüência respiratória
respiratory rate
FR, respiração medida
freqüência respiratória medida
respiratory rate measurement datum
processo de medição da freqüência respiratória
respiratory rate measurement process
The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the heart contracts.
systole
sístole
Pas, pressão sanguínea sistólica
pressão arterial sistólica
systolic blood pressure
movement is the process in which an object is spatially displaced.
movement
a middle name is a name assigned to an individual that is not the first or last name.
middle name
nome do meio
a cellular phone number is a number to connect to a mobile device
cellular phone number
a fax number is a number to connect to fax device
a work phone number is the number to connect to an phone at a place of work.
work phone number
a home phone number is the number to connect to an phone at a place of residence.
home phone number
Fungi are either unicellular or multicellular and include yeasts, molds, mushrooms, etc. Several parasitic fungi exist, which infect animals and plants, e.g., Aspergillus flavus, Claviceps purpurea, Pneumocystis jirovecii, etc.
fungi
fungo
Protozoans are single celled organisms, some of which are parasitic, e.g., Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania mexicana, Trypanosoma brucei, etc which cause malaria, leishmaniasis, and sleeping sickness, respectively.
protozoan
protozoário
A temporal measurement of the time period elapsed since an identifiable point in the life cycle of an organism. If a developmental stage is specified, the identifiable point would be the beginning of that stage. Otherwise the identifiable point must be specified such as planting (e.g. 3 days post planting).
idade medida
A developmental stage is spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism, e.g. blastula stage
This branch will be replaced by, and if necessary merged with an Uberon import in future.
The observable form taken by some character (or group of characters) in an individual or an organism, excluding pathology and disease. The detectable outward manifestations of a specific genotype.
The life of an organism, a surgical operation as processual context for a nosocomical infection, the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis, the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor.
A temporal entity is an entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. An occurrent is something which exists over time, rather than existing completely at many times
edição temporal
A measurement is an information entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by an instrument.
medição
The quality of an organism that has successful reproduced.
The stage of the mother from immediately after the birth of offspring and extending for about six weeks
The state or condition of having a developing embryo or fetus in the body (uterus), after union of an ovum and spermatozoon, during the period from conception to birth.
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
The quality of an organism that has never been sexually active.
virgem
Clinical manifestations that can be either objective when observed by a physician, or subjective when perceived by the patient.
Objective evidence of disease perceptible to the examining physician (sign) and subjective evidence of disease perceived by the patient (symptom).
The first MENSTRUAL CYCLE marked by the initiation of MENSTRUATION.
The age of onset of (human) menarche, the beginning of the first menstrual cycle in an individual
The age of onset of (human) menopause, the beginning of the first menstrual cycle in an individual
The age, measured from some defined time point e.g. birth at which a subject (e.g. a human patient) is diagnosed with some disease e.g. breast cancer.
A temporal measurement related to disease progression
The point in time at which an individual was born.
data de nascimento
date of birth
The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.
idade gestacional
The age at which a breast cancer diagnosis was made in a human patient
A measurement of the age at which a woman gave birth to her first live child
medição da idade no primeiro parto
A measurement of the age at which a woman became pregnant for the final time in her reproductive life.
medição da idade na última gravidez
A measurement of the age at which a person has the first sexual intercourse.
age at first sexual intercourse measurement
medição da idade da primeira relação sexual
Age at initiation of a medical treatment, such as a drug, therapy or medical device.
age at initiation of treatment
Age at initiation of hormone replacement therapy, the therapeutic use of hormones to alleviate the effects of hormone deficiency.
age at initiation of hormone replacement therapy
Age at initiation of the use of an oral contraceptive pill.
age at initiation of oral contraceptive pill use
Age at the time of a specific medical procedure or intervention intended to alter the course of a disease.
age at medical procedure
female genotypic sex of woman 2
female genotypic sex of woman 3
female genotypic sex of woman 1
female abdomen of woman 1
female abdomen of woman 2
female abdomen of woman 3
woman 1 patient role
female physical examination of woman 1
woman 2 patient role
woman 3 patient role
female physical examination of woman 2
female physical examination of woman 3
female abdominal examination of woman 1
abdominal examination finding of woman 1
abdominal examination finding of woman 2
abdominal examination finding of woman 3
female abdominal examination of woman 3
female abdominal examination of woman 2
body height measurement data of woman 2
body height measurement data of woman 1
body height measurement data of woman 3
general examination finding of woman 1
general examination finding of woman 2
general examination finding of woman 3
patient symptom report 1 of woman 1
patient symptom report 2 of woman 1
headache of woman 1
constitutional examination of woman 1
physical examination section of woman 1s medical record
EHR of woman 1
24 de Maio de 2011
May 24, 2011
18 de Novembro de 2010
November 18, 2010
12 de Janeiro de 2012
January 12, 2012
general examination of woman 1
date of examination 1 of woman 1
date of examination 1 of woman 2
physical examination section of woman 2s medical record
physical examination section of woman 3s medical record
body weight measurement data of woman 1
body weight measurement data of woman 2
body weight measurement data of woman 3
vital sign TS of woman 1
vital sign TS of woman 2
vital sign TS of woman 3
age w1
age w2
age w3
BP1 w1
BP1 w2
BP1 w3
BP2 w1
BP3 w1
BT w1
BT w2
BT w3
vsf w1
health care encounter 1 of woman 1
health care encounter 1 of woman 2
health care encounter 1 of woman 3
vsf w2
vsf w3
PR w1
PR w2
PR w3
RR w1
RR w2
RR w3
health care encounter 2 of woman 1
health care encounter 3 of woman 1
health care encounter 2 of woman 3
March 16, 2013
October 07, 2012
September 24, 2014
A relation that applies between a cell(c) and a gene(g) , where the process of 'transcription, DNA templated (GO_0006351)' is occuring in in cell c and that process has input gene g.
x 'cell expresses' y iff: cell(x) AND gene(y) AND exists some 'transcription, DNA templated (GO_0006351)'(t) AND t occurs_in x AND t has_input y
x 'regulates in other organism' y if and only if: (x is the realization of a function to exert an effect on the frequency, rate or extent of y) AND (the agents of x are produced by organism o1 and the agents of y are produced by organism o2).
X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)
ends after
finaliza após
X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y).
ends during
finaliza durante
Relation between a neuron and an anatomical structure that its soma is part of.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some ( <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043025> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some ?Y)
has soma location
X continuous_with Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary.
The label for this relation was previously connected to. I relabeled this to "continuous with". The standard notion of connectedness does not imply shared boundaries - e.g. Glasgow connected_to Edinburgh via M8; my patella connected_to my femur (via patellar-femoral joint)
continuous with
x develops_in y if x is located in y whilst x is developing
develops in
Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 3; Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 4 [Kardong]
x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y
has developmental contribution from
t1 induced_by t2 if there is a process of developmental induction (GO:0031128) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor anatomical structure type T to T', where T' develops_from T
Developmental Biology, Gilbert, 8th edition, figure 6.5(F)
We place this under 'developmentally preceded by'. This placement should be examined in the context of reciprocal inductions[cjm]
developmentally induced by
p results in the developmental progression of s iff p is a developmental process and s is an anatomical structure and p causes s to undergo a change in state at some point along its natural developmental cycle (this cycle starts with its formation, through the mature structure, and ends with its loss).
This property and its subproperties are being used primarily for the definition of GO developmental processes. The property hierarchy mirrors the core GO hierarchy. In future we may be able to make do with a more minimal set of properties, but due to the way GO is currently structured we require highly specific relations to avoid incorrect entailments. To avoid this, the corresponding genus terms in GO should be declared mutually disjoint.
results in developmental progression of
Hydrozoa (NCBITaxon_6074) SubClassOf 'has habitat' some 'Hydrozoa habitat' where 'Hydrozoa habitat' SubClassOf overlaps some ('marine environment' (ENVO_00000569) and 'freshwater environment' (ENVO_01000306) and 'wetland' (ENVO_00000043)) and 'has part' some (freshwater (ENVO_00002011) or 'sea water' (ENVO_00002149)) -- http://eol.org/pages/1795/overview
x 'has habitat' y if and only if: x is an organism, y is a habitat, and y can sustain and allow the growth of a population of xs.
A population of xs will possess adaptations (either evolved naturally or via artifical selection) which permit it to exist and grow in y.
has habitat
ABal nucleus child nucleus of ABa nucleus (in C elegans)
c is a child nucleus of d if and only if c and d are both nuclei and parts of cells c' and d', where c' is derived from d' by mitosis and the genetic material in c is a copy of the generic material in d
This relation is primarily used in the worm anatomy ontology for representing lineage at the level of nuclei. However, it is applicable to any organismal cell lineage.
A coral reef environment is determined by a particular coral reef
s determined by f if and only if s is a type of system, and f is a material entity that is part of s, such that f exerts a strong causal influence on the functioning of s, and the removal of f would cause the collapse of s.
The label for this relation is probably too general for its restricted use, where the domain is a system. It may be relabeled in future
A relation that holds between two entities that have the property of being sequences or having sequences.
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
The domain and range of this relation include entities such as: information-bearing macromolecules such as DNA, or regions of these molecules; abstract information entities encoded as a linear sequence including text, abstract DNA sequences; Sequence features, entities that have a sequence or sequences. Note that these entities are not necessarily contiguous - for example, the mereological sum of exons on a genome of a particular gene.
Holds between p and c when p is locomotion process and the outcome of this process is the change of location of c