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%%CreationDate: 27 October 1994 17:19
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(Installing and Running Mach-US)SH
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26349 10647 MT
(Mary R. Thompson)SH
26875 12330 MT
(27 October 1994)SH
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(1. Introduction)SH
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(The Mach-US multi-server system is comprised of a set)
1 W( separate servers supplying generalized system)SH
7200 18937 MT
(services\050file systems, network server, process management, tty server ...\051 and)
269 W( an emulation library)270 W
7200 20363 MT
(loaded into each user process.)
5 W( The currently distributed emulation library \050bsd_all.lib\051 uses the services to)4 W
7200 21789 MT
(generate the semantics of BSD 4.3 Unix.)
10 W( The servers themselves are written to use the services provided)11 W
7200 23215 MT
(by the Mach micro-kernel and the other servers.)SH
8312 25782 MT
(This document will describe two ways to start up the multi servers. It will also explain the file system)93 W
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(layout and scripts that we use.)SH
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(2. Overview)SH
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(In addition to the servers that provide OS)
180 W( services, there are three support servers needed to get)181 W
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(things started: a bootstrap server, the configuration server and the diagnostic server.)
231 W( The bootstrap)230 W
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(server is the user-level program that the Mach micro-kernel started. It must provide enough)
306 W( Unix)307 W
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(functionality to support a shell script)296 W
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(exec'ing)SH
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(Unix load format files)
296 W( from a Unix file system. The)295 W
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(configuration server starts the rest of the)
181 W( servers and sets up some connections between them. The)182 W
7200 39519 MT
(diagnostic server is used by the servers to write out error messages. Depending on its configuration)
20 W( it will)19 W
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(use Unix style write calls or call the micro-kernel device_write interface on the console device.)SH
8312 43512 MT
(Either the UX server or the POE server can be used)
120 W( as the bootstrap server. The only function this)121 W
7200 44938 MT
(server needs to provide is the exec'ing of the various programs that)
145 W( comprise the multi-server, output)144 W
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(onto stderr and input from files or stdin. Once the servers have been started and if)
97 W( they were built in a)98 W
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(stand-alone configuration, they should not make any further use of the bootstrap server.)SH
8312 50357 MT
(Starting the multi-servers from the UX server has the advantage of having a complete stable Unix)178 W
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(system running on the)
298 W( machine which can be used to debug the multi-server servers. It has the)299 W
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(disadvantage of having to partition the disks so)
76 W( that only the Unix server or the multi-server UFS server)75 W
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(can write on any given file-system. Normally this is)
52 W( accomplished by setting aside one or more partitions)53 W
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(that are not mounted by the UX server and are mounted read-write by the multi-server, and then)271 W
7200 57487 MT
(mounting UX system partitions read-only by the multi-server.)
22 W( \050Note:)
324 W( there is no coordination between US)23 W
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(and UX file systems, when a partition is mounted in both systems, writing it in one system and)
50 W( reading it)49 W
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(from the other can lead to unexpected results, writing from both can cause filesystem corruption.\051)SH
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(The setup procedure described here)
27 W( assumes that you have been running Mach 3.0 with a Unix single)28 W
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(server and want to continue to run a single server system either in)
92 W( alternation with a stand-alone multi-)91 W
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(server system or alongside the multi-server. We have chosen to have)
104 W( a different root partition for each)105 W
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(system, in order to allow the systems to each)
30 W( write on their own root partition. Most of the directories and)29 W
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(files on the root partitions can be shared via symbolic links but a few must be different.)SH
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(1)SH
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(3. Hardware and System Prerequisites)SH
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(Mach-US runs on a Mach)
303 W( 3.0 kernel and supports the I386Mach-BSD4.3-Tahoe API that CMU)304 W
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(distributes to licensed sites. All of our developement and testing)
204 W( has been done on i386/483 ATbus)203 W
7200 12353 MT
(machines. While there is not much machine specific code in Mach-US, there is some assembly language)30 W
7200 13779 MT
(code that would need to be added before it could be run on a different architecture.)SH
8312 16346 MT
(Most of our recent testing has been done on the MK83 release of)
118 W( the micro-kernel. Mach-US has a)117 W
7200 17772 MT
(rather different pattern of kernel use than the UX server and)
92 W( has often found kernel bugs that UX does)93 W
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(not. Therefore, we recommend caution in using it with other kernel releases.)SH
8312 21765 MT
(Running the multi-server on a machine)
12 W( with less than 16Megabytes of memory is not recommended. In)11 W
7200 23191 MT
(our most recent experience of running the stripped servers, standalone on a machine with 12M of)252 W
7200 24617 MT
(memory, too much time was spent paging.)SH
8312 27184 MT
(I386 machines do not always gracefully handle more than 16M of memory. The)
156 W( more recent Mach)155 W
7200 28610 MT
(kernels can be patched to use all the available)
96 W( memory if they do not have SCSI disk controllers.  The)97 W
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(kernel variable use_all_mem needs to be set to 1.)SH
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(4. Initial Setup Procedure)SH
11 SS 
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(4.1. SUP'ing Mach_US sources and executables)SH
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(If your host)
99 W( has been enabled to SUP any of the licensed mach3 collections from CMU, the sources)98 W
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(and executables for Mach_US also can be SUP'ed using the following SUP command line.)SH
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8400 42130 MT
(mach3.us release=default host=x29.mach.cs.cmu.edu hostbase=/usr2)SH
12000 43261 MT
(base=<your-base-directory>/us crypt=<your_crypt>)SH
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(See the note in ../public/FAQ/mach3_supinfo if you need more information about SUP'ing)
338 W( Mach3)339 W
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(collections.)SH
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(4.2. Install the multi-server executables)SH
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(You can get a)
63 W( copy of the multi-server executables either by building them from the sources or taking)62 W
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(them from the release directory \050.../src/us\051 SUP'ed as part of the mach3.us collection.)SH
8312 55648 MT
(If you are building)
273 W( from the sources, after the)274 W
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(build_all)SH
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(pass is completed, you need to run)274 W
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(odemake)SH
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(again with)4 W
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(install_all)SH
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(target. This pass will copy the libraries, servers, programs and scripts)3 W
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(that were built into a release directory specified by the make variable)106 W
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(TOSTAGE)SH
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(. In)
492 W( order to match the)107 W
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(default names coded into the configuration server this release directory should be either)
41 W( named or linked)40 W
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(to by the name)46 W
/Courier SF
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(/mach_servers/us)SH
/Helvetica SF
(. There is no)
46 W( easy way to change this name. Even though you may)47 W
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(have specified an alternative directory name for the startup program during the)
15 W( boot sequence, that name)14 W
7200 64204 MT
(is not passed through to the multi-server.)
123 W( This)
525 W( directory must be readable by the bootstrap server.  It)124 W
7200 65630 MT
(should not be on the multi-server root partition.)SH
8312 68197 MT
(There are two different configurations for the tty_server. One)
25 W( is built with the MACH_US flag, is named)24 W
7200 69623 MT
(tty_server.us and is used when the system is started with POE. The other is built with the)
95 W( MACH_VUS)96 W
7200 71049 MT
(flag, is named tty_server.vus and)
36 W( is used when the system is started by UX.  Whichever one you want to)35 W
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(2)SH
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(use must be linked to by the name)SH
/Courier SF
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(/mach_servers/us/bin/tty_server)SH
/Helvetica SF
(.)SH
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(The emulation library)145 W
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(lib/bsd_all.lib)SH
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(must be copied to the directory)145 W
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(/lib)SH
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(on the multi-server)146 W
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(root partition. The script described in the next section does this for you, but if you subsequently install a)71 W
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(new version of this file you must remember to copy it to multi-server)SH
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(/lib)SH
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(directory.)SH
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(4.3. Create a root partition for the multi-server)SH
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8312 18456 MT
(You need a partition with an empty file system that is not flagged for mounting by /etc/fstab. There)
32 W( is a)33 W
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(C-shell script)60 W
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(us-setup)SH
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(that will setup this empty partition to)
60 W( be the multi-server root partition. This script)59 W
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(mostly creates symbolic links from the multi-server)
135 W( root partition to the directories on the single-server)136 W
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(root. It creates new directories for)78 W
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(/dev)SH
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(since devices are handled rather differently by the multi-server,)77 W
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(and for)20 W
/Courier SF
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(/tmp)SH
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(and)SH
/Courier SF
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(/usr)SH
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(so that the)
20 W( multi-server can write in those directories when it is running alongside)21 W
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(the single-server.  The)96 W
/Courier SF
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(/etc)SH
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(and)SH
/Courier SF
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(/lib)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(directories are new directories that are populated with symlinks)95 W
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(back to the single server)
120 W( disk partitions for most files. The file)121 W
/Courier SF
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(bsd_all.lib)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(is copied in to the)121 W
/Courier SF
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(/lib)SH
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(directory and the file)74 W
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(inetd.conf)SH
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(in the)74 W
/Courier SF
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(/etc)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(directory is considerably simplified from a standard)
74 W( Unix)73 W
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(one.)SH
8312 32431 MT
(Some of the links to file)
171 W( system partitions are special "TRANSPARENT" links. These links point to)172 W
7200 33857 MT
("prefix names".  References)
92 W( to these names will be mapped through the prefix_table to the UFS server)91 W
7200 35283 MT
(that is handling access for that partition. So the)
56 W( names used in the us-setup script for "TRANSPARANT")57 W
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(links must agree with the names set in)
57 W( the)56 W
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(prefix.config)SH
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(table. See the section "A note about Name)56 W
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(Spaces" for more explanation of the prefix table.)SH
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(A template)
306 W( for this script is released as)307 W
/Courier SF
28218 XM
(etc/us_setup.template)SH
/Helvetica SF
(. It)
892 W( should be renamed to)307 W
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(us_setup and edited to reflect the actual names of the disk partitions on your machine.  When running this)3 W
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(script, you should be)SH
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(cd'ed)SH
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(to the empty partition that you wish to initialize.)SH
8312 46121 MT
(At this point the "/usr" links)
10 W( created to user home directories of Mach-US users should be replaced with)11 W
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(actual directories in the /usr directory on the multi-server root partition.)SH
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(4.4. Edit the host specific configuration files)SH
10 /Helvetica AF
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(There are four files)
10 W( in addition to the us_script that are used to provide information about the local host.)9 W
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(Templates for these files are released into the directory)63 W
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32444 XM
(etc)SH
/Helvetica SF
(. They should be copied from)
63 W( <file>.template)64 W
7200 55507 MT
(to <file> and then edited to)
66 W( reflect your local environment. The template files assume the host has three)65 W
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(partitions)SH
/Courier SF
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(/, /usr,)
37 W( /usr1)38 W
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(that are normally mounted when running the Unix server and that the multi-)38 W
7200 58359 MT
(server is to have read-only access to these partitions.)SH
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(prefix.config)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(Used by the configuration server to initialize the)
79 W( emulation prefix table. Contains the)78 W
16096 61374 MT
(mapping of name prefixes to the server that)
166 W( handles the objects starting with that)167 W
16096 62517 MT
(prefix. It)
278 W( needs to be edited to reflect the UFS partitions that you have on your host.)SH
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(rc.us)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(A shell script run by the configuration server to start all the other)
42 W( servers.  This script)41 W
16096 65286 MT
(needs to be edited to start a UFS server for)
114 W( each partition that you want the multi-)115 W
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(server to access)SH
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(STARTUP.fsadmin)SH
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(Mounts the servers in the pathname)
150 W( server's name space.  Needs to be edited to)151 W
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(mount the UFS servers that have been started by)SH
/Courier SF
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(rc.us)SH
/Helvetica SF
(.)SH
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(start_net)SH
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(Run to start the network)
68 W( server. Needs to have the local host's IP address, Ethernet)67 W
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(3)SH
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(net device and gateway address.)SH
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(init_env.template)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(Can be "sourced" by the first multi-server)
69 W( process to initialize its environment. Edit it)70 W
16096 10698 MT
(to set whatever PATH's and aliases you feel comfortable with. It can)
26 W( be copied to the)25 W
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(multi-server root partition since that is where the first process starts up.)SH
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(5. The Bootstrap Process)SH
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(When the Mach micro-kernel is booted it will start one user level server. By default this)
3 W( is the program it)4 W
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(finds in)169 W
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(/mach_servers/startup)SH
/Helvetica SF
(. This)
615 W( document describes the cases where the startup server is)168 W
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(either the UX server or the POE server.  See)1351 W
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(Setup for Mach 3.0)1352 W
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(,)SH
7200 21300 MT
(\050.../public/doc/unpublished/mach3_setup.{ps,doc}\051, for details of)
384 W( how to use a directory other than)383 W
/Courier SF
7200 22726 MT
(/mach_servers)SH
/Helvetica SF
15370 XM
(so that you can choose the startup program during the)
92 W( boot sequence.  Both of POE)93 W
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(and UX will look for a script /<mach_servers_dir>/)SH
/Courier SF
(rc)SH
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(to execute before starting up a user shell.)SH
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(5.1. Starting the multi-server from POE)SH
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(1.)SH
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(Choose)SH
/Courier SF
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(/poe_servers)SH
/Helvetica SF
21928 XM
(as the name of your alternative)95 W
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(mach_servers_dir)SH
/Helvetica SF
(. Make)
466 W( sure)94 W
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(the)SH
/Courier SF
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(startup)SH
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(program is POE rather than the UX server and that poe_emulator and)284 W
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(poe_init are in place. See the document)368 W
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(A Brief Description)
368 W( of the POE server)367 W
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(,)SH
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(\050.../public/doc/unpublished/poe_notes.{ps,doc}, for all the details)
121 W( on how to boot POE and)122 W
10536 33807 MT
(how to have alternative mach_servers directories.)SH
9424 35622 MT
(2.)SH
10536 XM
(Place the following script in)SH
/Courier SF
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(/poe_servers/rc)SH
12936 37028 MT
(echo Starting POE rc)SH
12936 38059 MT
(/etc/fsck -p)SH
12936 39090 MT
(echo About to mount)SH
12936 40121 MT
(/etc/mount -a)SH
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(echo starting US)SH
12936 42183 MT
(/mach_servers/us/bin/config_server \134)SH
17136 43214 MT
(/mach_servers/us/bin/emul_init \134)SH
17136 44245 MT
(-t /dev/console /bin/csh)SH
12936 45276 MT
(echo POE.rc complete)SH
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(Note that the)272 W
/Courier SF
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(/etc/mount -a)272 W
/Helvetica SF
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(should not cause the multi-server root partition to be)272 W
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(mounted.)SH
9424 50049 MT
(3.)SH
10536 XM
(Be sure that you have the MACH_US configuration of the tty_server)
449 W( installed as)450 W
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(/mach_servers/us/bin/tty_server)SH
/Helvetica SF
(.)SH
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(4.)SH
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(Reboot the system.)SH
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(5.)SH
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(When it gives)
38 W( you a prompt, you will be talking to a)37 W
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(/bin/csh)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(that is a multi-server client and)37 W
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(thus any program you start will be a multi-server client.)SH
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(6.)SH
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(At this point you are running as the super-root and can source the)65 W
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(init_env)SH
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(script to set up)66 W
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(the environment or you can run)38 W
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(/bin/login)SH
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(and become any user that has an account)
38 W( on the)37 W
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(machine.)SH
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(5.2. Starting the multi-server from UX)SH
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(1.)SH
10536 XM
(Be sure that you have the)
393 W( MACH_VUS configuration of the tty_server installed as)394 W
/Courier SF
10536 66292 MT
(/mach_servers/us/bin/tty_server)SH
/Helvetica SF
(.)SH
9424 68107 MT
(2.)SH
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(Create a window to run the multi-server process in.  In that window type)SH
/Courier SF
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(tty)SH
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(3.)SH
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(remember the tty device that was returned and type)SH
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(4)SH
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(sleep 90000)SH
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10536 9335 MT
(This reserves this window/tty for use by the multi-server processes.)SH
9424 11150 MT
(4.)SH
10536 XM
(In another window type)SH
/Courier SF
12936 12556 MT
(/mach_servers/us/bin/multi <tty> &)SH
/Helvetica SF
10536 14067 MT
(Where <tty> is the value was returned by)
43 W( the "tty" command. This tells emul_init to use the)42 W
10536 15210 MT
(other window as the tty for the multi-server process.)26 W
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(multi)SH
/Helvetica SF
36638 XM
(is a script)
26 W( that arranges to log its)27 W
10536 16353 MT
(output, kills off any previous multi-server incarnation \050via the)103 W
/Helvetica-Bold SF
38306 XM
(kemul)SH
/Helvetica SF
41577 XM
(script\051, and starts the)102 W
10536 17496 MT
(configuration_server with an emulation command line)
106 W( to run emul_init. The user that runs)107 W
10536 18639 MT
(the multi script must be able to)52 W
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24739 XM
(fsck)SH
/Helvetica SF
26847 XM
(the multi-server's partition. e.g)52 W
/Courier SF
40726 XM
(/dev/rhd0f)SH
/Helvetica SF
47056 XM
(and must)51 W
10536 19782 MT
(also be able to get the device port from the mach kernel.  e.g. either uid=root\0500\051 or)276 W
10536 20925 MT
(gid=kmem\0502\051. The output from this command will be logged in)59 W
/Courier SF
38775 XM
(~/multi.log)SH
/Helvetica SF
45712 XM
(unless the)
59 W( -l)58 W
10536 22068 MT
(<logfile> option is used to chose a different name.)SH
9424 23883 MT
(5.)SH
10536 XM
(As the result of the multi command a prompt will appear in the first window. This is)
68 W( from a)69 W
10536 25026 MT
(multi-server)SH
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
16148 XM
(csh)SH
/Helvetica SF
(. Any)
502 W( processes started up in)
112 W( this new)111 W
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
36106 XM
(csh)SH
/Helvetica SF
38051 XM
(will be running a multi-server)111 W
10536 26169 MT
(client as root.)SH
9424 27984 MT
(6.)SH
10536 XM
(At this point you are running as the super-root and can source the)65 W
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40730 XM
(init_env)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(script to set up)66 W
10536 29127 MT
(the environment or you can run)38 W
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24882 XM
(/bin/login)SH
/Helvetica SF
29200 XM
(and become any user that has an account)
38 W( on the)37 W
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(machine.)SH
11 /Helvetica-Bold AF
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(5.3. Bootstrapping details)SH
10 /Helvetica AF
8312 35378 MT
(The POE)630 W
/Courier SF
13963 XM
(rc)SH
/Helvetica SF
16071 XM
(script or the)
630 W( UX servers)631 W
/Courier SF
29949 XM
(multi)SH
/Helvetica SF
33858 XM
(command runs the configuration server,)631 W
/Courier SF
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(bin/config_server)SH
/Helvetica SF
18051 XM
(to start the rest of the multi)
373 W( servers.  The command line syntax for the)372 W
7200 38230 MT
(configuration is of the form:)SH
/Courier SF
9600 39636 MT
(config_server [-d<debug level>] [-p<prefix file>])SH
18000 40667 MT
([-s<startup script>] [emulation command line])SH
/Helvetica SF
7200 42178 MT
(With no arguments the configuration server will start the servers)
401 W( by running the C-shell script,)402 W
/Courier SF
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(/mach_servers/us/etc/rc.us)SH
/Helvetica SF
(, fork a C thread to do port)
125 W( name service, initialize a prefix table for)124 W
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(names used by the emulation)
197 W( library from)198 W
/Courier SF
27200 XM
(/mach_servers/us/etc/prefix.config)SH
/Helvetica SF
(, and execute)198 W
/Courier SF
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(/mach_servers/us/bin/emul_init)SH
/Helvetica SF
25636 XM
(which starts the first multi-user process on the)
158 W( console.  This)157 W
7200 47882 MT
(default behavior assumes)
119 W( you are bringing up the multi-server environment stand-alone, i.e. started by)120 W
7200 49308 MT
(POE.)SH
8312 51875 MT
(You can)
190 W( specify a prefix file other than /mach_servers/us/etc/prefix.config by using the "-p" option.)189 W
7200 53301 MT
(Using the "-s" option, you can specify a server startup script other than /mach_servers/us/etc/rc.us.)SH
8312 55868 MT
(If you just want to start the servers and not)
18 W( the emulation, you can specify the emulation command line)19 W
7200 57294 MT
(to be something innocuous like)
8 W( "/bin/csh".  You can then run the emulation command separately in a shell)7 W
7200 58720 MT
(where the configuration server is providing port name service.)SH
8312 61287 MT
(In order to satisfy the default names,)45 W
/Courier SF
25080 XM
(/mach_servers/us)SH
/Helvetica SF
35003 XM
(should be)
45 W( a link to the directory containing)46 W
7200 62713 MT
(the multi-server executables. The directory must be on a partition readable by the bootstrap server.)SH
8312 65280 MT
(Once all the servers have been started, the)1061 W
/Courier SF
36199 XM
(rc.us)SH
/Helvetica SF
40538 XM
(script runs)
1061 W( the program)1060 W
/Courier SF
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(/mach_servers/us/bin/fsadmin)SH
/Helvetica SF
24401 XM
(with)SH
/Courier SF
26580 XM
(/mach_servers/us/etc/STARTUP.fsadmin)SH
/Helvetica SF
48582 XM
(as the input)124 W
7200 68132 MT
(script. This program mounts the various servers with the)
201 W( pathname server.)200 W
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43064 XM
(fsadmin)SH
/Helvetica SF
47376 XM
(is a command)200 W
7200 69558 MT
(interpreter which makes calls directly on the multi-servers. It)
119 W( understands about 2 dozen commands in)120 W
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(addition to)SH
/Courier SF
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(mount)SH
/Helvetica SF
15370 XM
(and can be used for testing and debugging the servers.)SH
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(5)SH
/Helvetica SF
8312 7929 MT
(After the)207 W
/Courier SF
12784 XM
(rc.us)SH
/Helvetica SF
16269 XM
(script has been completed, the configuration server)
207 W( will fork. The parent process)206 W
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(remains to provide port name service via the snames/netname interface and the child)
37 W( process)38 W
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(exec's)SH
/Helvetica SF
52610 XM
(the)SH
7200 10781 MT
(emulation command.  If this command is)324 W
/Courier SF
27640 XM
(/mach_servers/us/bin/emul_init)SH
/Helvetica SF
(, the process will)323 W
7200 12207 MT
(replace the bootstrap server's)
74 W( emulation library with the multi-server emulation library, thus transforming)75 W
7200 13633 MT
(the task)
4 W( into a multi-server task. It then)3 W
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
24677 XM
(exec's)SH
/Helvetica SF
27792 XM
(whatever is left on the emul command line that was passed)3 W
7200 15059 MT
(to the configuration server. Normally this is)24 W
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
26541 XM
(/bin/sh, /bin/csh)25 W
/Helvetica SF
33817 XM
(or)SH
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
35009 XM
(/bin/login)SH
/Helvetica SF
(. This instantiation of the shell will)25 W
7200 16485 MT
(be a multi-server client and thus any programs that it runs will be also be)
53 W( multi-server clients, i.e. loaded)52 W
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(with the multi-server emulation library.)SH
12 /Helvetica-Bold AF
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(6. A note about Name Spaces)SH
10 /Helvetica AF
8312 23092 MT
(There are several disjoint name spaces maintained in the multi-server environment.  The)
SH( first one is the)1 W
/Helvetica-Bold SF
7200 24518 MT
(port name space)91 W
/Helvetica SF
15698 XM
(maintained by the configuration server. This)
91 W( consists of a mapping of ports to server)90 W
7200 25944 MT
(names. These names are known by convention to)
208 W( other servers or programs.  The interface to this)209 W
7200 27370 MT
(service is defined by the calls)255 W
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22013 XM
(netname_check_in)SH
/Helvetica SF
30939 XM
(and)SH
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33140 XM
(netname_look_up)SH
/Helvetica SF
41621 XM
(as specified in)254 W
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
48997 XM
(netname.h)SH
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(.)SH
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(These calls are made on the predefined port)SH
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(name_server_port)SH
/Helvetica SF
(.)SH
8312 31363 MT
(The second name space is the)83 W
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23067 XM
(pathname space)83 W
/Helvetica SF
(. This)
83 W( space is maintained by the pathname server)84 W
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(with the ns_resolve interface that maps a pathname to a proxy for the object.)SH
8312 35356 MT
(There is a third name space defined by a)16 W
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26854 XM
(prefix table)16 W
/Helvetica SF
32498 XM
(maintained by the emulation library. This table is)15 W
7200 36782 MT
(initialized by the configuration server with)
15 W( some "system" entries defined in the)16 W
/Courier SF
42333 XM
(prefix.config)SH
/Helvetica SF
50427 XM
(file. The)16 W
7200 38208 MT
(prefix table maps the beginning)
53 W( of path names to the server that handles names starting with that prefix.)52 W
7200 39634 MT
(Unix-style references to pathnames are handled by)
7 W( the emulation library which strips off the longest prefix)8 W
7200 41060 MT
(it knows about and hands the rest of the name to the appropriate server for an ns_resolve.)SH
8312 43627 MT
(Most servers maintain a name space for the objects they manage. There is a UFS server for every)131 W
7200 45053 MT
(mounted partition, the tty server has a name entry)
126 W( for each potential tty or pty, the task_master has a)127 W
7200 46479 MT
(name space for all active tasks, and the pipenet server has a name space for)
88 W( any active pipes.  These)87 W
7200 47905 MT
(name spaces can be accessed through the)SH
/Helvetica-Bold SF
26544 XM
(/servers)SH
/Helvetica SF
30658 XM
(directory.)SH
8312 50472 MT
(In the current configuration setup, all the servers)
48 W( that the configuration server starts are entered in the)49 W
7200 51898 MT
(port name space, \050see)199 W
/Courier SF
18222 XM
(rc.us)SH
/Helvetica SF
21698 XM
(for the servers and their names\051. The pathname server and the UFS)198 W
7200 53324 MT
(servers are given initial entries in the prefix table \050see)102 W
/Courier SF
32118 XM
(prefix.config)SH
/Helvetica SF
(\051. The UFS servers, tty_server,)103 W
7200 54750 MT
(task_master, pipenet_server and net_server are all given entries)
76 W( in the pathname space in the directory)75 W
/Courier SF
7200 56176 MT
(/servers)SH
/Helvetica SF
(. \050see)170 W
/Courier SF
15119 XM
(STARTUP.fsadmin)SH
/Helvetica SF
(\051. The)
618 W( UFS servers and pathname server)
170 W( are given)171 W
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48942 XM
(transparent)SH
7200 57602 MT
(symlinks)SH
/Helvetica SF
11311 XM
(in the)SH
/Helvetica-Bold SF
14035 XM
(/)SH
/Helvetica SF
14591 XM
(directory in order to make this directory look more like a traditional Unix root directory.)SH
12 /Helvetica-Bold AF
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(7. A Note about Building the Mach_US tree)SH
10 /Helvetica AF
8312 62783 MT
(The programs in the Mach_US tree are built)
47 W( with the same tools and procedures as the rest the Mach)46 W
7200 64209 MT
(3.0 system. The tools)
93 W( are available in the mach3.release collection. A description of the tools and build)94 W
7200 65635 MT
(procedure is given in the document)SH
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23041 XM
(Building Mach 3.0)SH
/Helvetica SF
31821 XM
(\050.../public/doc/unpublished/mach3_build.{ps,doc}\051.)SH
8312 68202 MT
(There are a)
328 W( few variations specific to this tree.  There is an additional make rules file called)327 W
7200 69628 MT
(osf.cmu_machus.std which defines the compile variables for c++ files)
250 W( as well as a few compilation)251 W
7200 71054 MT
(constants that are unique to the multi-server. This file is)
135 W( distributed in the directory)134 W
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(src/mach_us/mk)SH
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(6)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(and is exported to the standard place:)SH
/Courier SF
24488 XM
(export/@sys/lib/mk)SH
/Helvetica SF
8312 10496 MT
(In order to provide stability and independence from the other source)
133 W( trees, the mach_us tree builds)134 W
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(with its own copy)
36 W( of the kernel and unix include files. These include files and the libraries are exported to)35 W
7200 13348 MT
(the directories)217 W
/Courier SF
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(export/@sys/us/{include,unix_include,lib})SH
/Helvetica SF
(. These directories are)
217 W( searched)218 W
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(during the build before)
146 W( the standard export directories,)145 W
/Courier SF
32653 XM
(export/@sys/{include,lib})SH
/Helvetica SF
(. The libraries)145 W
7200 16200 MT
(are distributed in the)66 W
/Courier SF
16802 XM
(release/@sys/us/lib)SH
/Helvetica SF
28546 XM
(directory. If you are doing a shadow)
66 W( build you can either)67 W
7200 17626 MT
(add this directory to your LPATH after)
367 W( you run the setvar script or move these libraries up to)366 W
/Courier SF
7200 19052 MT
(release/@sys/lib)SH
/Helvetica SF
(.)SH
8312 21619 MT
(When doing a shadow build, you have to go though the)
8 W( include part of the export pass to populate your)9 W
7200 23045 MT
(local)SH
/Courier SF
10095 XM
(export/@sys/us/{include,unix_include})SH
/Helvetica SF
33134 XM
(directories before attempting)
561 W( to build any)560 W
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(programs. To do this run)SH
/Courier SF
18371 XM
(odemake export_all)SH
/Helvetica SF
29449 XM
(and kill it when it starts building libraries.)SH
8312 27038 MT
(In looking at the Makefiles or code, you may notice a CONFIGURATION build variable which is used)
10 W( to)11 W
7200 28464 MT
(select the version of LIBMACH3 to use and is passed as a -D flag to cc. Currently there are two different)39 W
7200 29890 MT
(configurations for servers:)SH
7200 31762 MT
(MACH3_US)SH
16096 XM
(for components that)
3 W( must operate directly on top of the Mach 3.0 micro-kernel with no)4 W
16096 32905 MT
(access to Unix system calls but with)
243 W( access to all normal services of the multi-)242 W
16096 34048 MT
(servers.)SH
7200 35674 MT
(MACH3_VUS)SH
16096 XM
(for components that normally operate on top of)
23 W( the Mach 3.0 kernel, but have access)24 W
16096 36817 MT
(to Unix system calls as well as the multi-servers.)SH
8312 39384 MT
(The effective difference between MACH3_US and MACH3_VUS is in)
69 W( the handling of I/0. MACH3_US)68 W
7200 40810 MT
(programs use the diag_server to handle output)
55 W( \050normally for logging error messages\051 and do not do any)56 W
7200 42236 MT
(input. MACH3_VUS load with the stdio routines from libc and thus end up)
56 W( doing read and write syscalls.)55 W
7200 43662 MT
(These traps are handled by the bootstrap server that was used to load the multi-server.)SH
8312 46229 MT
(The version of the stdio routines that are used is a function)
120 W( of the LIBMACH3 library that is loaded.)121 W
7200 47655 MT
(LIBMACH3 defined as "libmach3_sa.a" for the MACH3_US configuration.)
76 W( This library includes a version)75 W
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(of)SH
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
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(_filbuf)SH
/Helvetica SF
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(that returns EOF and)128 W
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
21642 XM
(_flsbuf)SH
/Helvetica SF
24995 XM
(that calls the diag server.  It also provides versions of the non-)129 W
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(syscall parts of libc.a.)SH
8312 53074 MT
(LIBMACH3 is defined as "libmach3_vus.a -lc" for the)
12 W( MACH3_VUS configurations. libmach3_vus.a has)11 W
7200 54500 MT
(no version of)22 W
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(_filbuf)SH
/Helvetica SF
16237 XM
(and a version of)22 W
/Helvetica-Oblique SF
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(_flsbuf)SH
/Helvetica SF
26964 XM
(that makes a write syscall.)
22 W( Since it is loading with the normal)23 W
7200 55926 MT
(libc.a, the)
1 W( syscalls are handled via the emulation library by the bootstrap server, i.e. the server that loaded)SH
7200 57352 MT
(the program.)SH
8312 59919 MT
(Applications written to run)
10 W( on a multi-server system should either link with libmach3_vus -lc if they want)11 W
7200 61345 MT
(to use Unix,)
83 W( multi-server and Mach 3 features, or just -lc if they only want to use generic Unix features.)82 W
7200 62771 MT
(These programs when run by)
111 W( a multi-server shell will be loaded with the multi-server emulation library.)112 W
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(This library directs Unix syscalls to the appropriate multi-server function.)SH
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(7)SH
12 SS 
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(8. Useful Programs)SH
10 /Helvetica AF
8312 9501 MT
(There are some useful programs \050other than the system servers\051 in the .../release/us/bin directory:)SH
/Symbol SF
9242 10973 MT
(\267)SH
/Helvetica-Bold SF
9980 XM
(Fsadmin)SH
/Helvetica SF
14383 XM
(can be run within Mach-US as well)
13 W( as at setup.  It can be used for directly querying)12 W
9980 12116 MT
(the various servers)
40 W( directly \050without the interposition of the emulation lib\051.  It is an interactive)41 W
9980 13259 MT
(program and help is included.)SH
/Symbol SF
9242 15074 MT
(\267)SH
/Helvetica-Bold SF
9980 XM
(Us_ps)SH
/Helvetica SF
13263 XM
(is run within Mach-US to list the process)
4 W( ids and their exec strings.  More process info)3 W
9980 16217 MT
(can be found by running "ls" in the)SH
/Courier SF
25421 XM
(/servers/tm/*)SH
/Helvetica SF
33499 XM
(directories.)SH
/Symbol SF
9242 18032 MT
(\267)SH
/Helvetica-Bold SF
9980 XM
(Gdb)SH
/Helvetica SF
(: A version that works better for attaching to processes and continuing)
24 W( them.  This is run)25 W
9980 19175 MT
(under the UX server, one may attach to a process by machid)
7 W( \050from the ms program\051 by using)6 W
9980 20318 MT
(the negative of the id value.)SH
/Symbol SF
9242 22133 MT
(\267)SH
/Helvetica-Bold SF
9980 XM
(Fsck)SH
/Helvetica SF
(: The default version supplied with the CMU TahoeBSD release prints out messages)139 W
9980 23276 MT
(warning about fast symlinks.  This version does not.)SH
ES
%%Page: i 9
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(i)SH
12 SS 
25533 8075 MT
(Table of Contents)SH
11 SS 
9036 9319 MT
(1. Introduction)SH
53388 XM
(0)SH
9036 10563 MT
(2. Overview)SH
53388 XM
(0)SH
9036 11807 MT
(3. Hardware and System Prerequisites)SH
53388 XM
(1)SH
9036 13051 MT
(4. Initial Setup Procedure)SH
53388 XM
(1)SH
10 SS 
11092 14200 MT
(4.1. SUP'ing Mach_US sources and executables)SH
53444 XM
(1)SH
11092 15349 MT
(4.2. Install the multi-server executables)SH
53444 XM
(1)SH
11092 16498 MT
(4.3. Create a root partition for the multi-server)SH
53444 XM
(2)SH
11092 17647 MT
(4.4. Edit the host specific configuration files)SH
53444 XM
(2)SH
11 SS 
9036 18891 MT
(5. The Bootstrap Process)SH
53388 XM
(3)SH
10 SS 
11092 20040 MT
(5.1. Starting the multi-server from POE)SH
53444 XM
(3)SH
11092 21189 MT
(5.2. Starting the multi-server from UX)SH
53444 XM
(3)SH
11092 22338 MT
(5.3. Bootstrapping details)SH
53444 XM
(4)SH
11 SS 
9036 23582 MT
(6. A note about Name Spaces)SH
53388 XM
(5)SH
9036 24826 MT
(7. A Note about Building the Mach_US tree)SH
53388 XM
(5)SH
9036 26070 MT
(8. Useful Programs)SH
53388 XM
(7)SH
ES
%%Trailer
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