column,description,unit,source
country,Country - Geographic location.,,Our World in Data - Regions (2024)
year,Year - Year of observation.,,Our World in Data - Regions (2024)
iso_code,ISO code - ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 three-letter country codes.,,International Organization for Standardization - Regions (2023)
population,"Population - Population by country, available from 10,000 BCE to 2100, based on data and estimates from different sources.",people,Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
gdp,Gross domestic product (GDP) - Total economic output of a country or region per year. This data is adjusted for inflation and for differences in living costs between countries.,international-$ in 2011 prices,Bolt and van Zanden - Maddison Project Database 2023 [https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/historicaldevelopment/maddison/releases/maddison-project-database-2023]
biofuel_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in biofuel consumption - Includes biogasoline (such as ethanol) and biodiesel. Volumes have been adjusted for energy content.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
biofuel_cons_change_twh,Annual change in biofuel consumption - Includes biogasoline (such as ethanol) and biodiesel. Volumes have been adjusted for energy content.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
biofuel_cons_per_capita,Biofuel consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
biofuel_consumption,Primary energy consumption from biofuels - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
biofuel_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from bioenergy per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
biofuel_electricity,Electricity generation from bioenergy - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]
biofuel_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by bioenergy - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
biofuel_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from biofuels - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
carbon_intensity_elec,"Carbon intensity of electricity generation - Greenhouse gases emitted per unit of generated electricity, measured in grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour.",grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
coal_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in coal consumption,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
coal_cons_change_twh,Annual change in coal consumption,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
coal_cons_per_capita,Coal consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
coal_consumption,Primary energy consumption from coal - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
coal_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from coal per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
coal_electricity,Electricity generation from coal - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
coal_prod_change_pct,Annual change in coal production - Measured as a percentage of the previous year's production.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
coal_prod_change_twh,Annual change in coal production - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
coal_prod_per_capita,Coal production per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per capita.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
coal_production,Coal production - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
coal_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by coal - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
coal_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from coal - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
electricity_demand,Electricity demand - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]
electricity_demand_per_capita,Total electricity demand per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
electricity_generation,Total electricity generation - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
electricity_share_energy,"Total electricity generation as share of primary energy - Measured as a percentage of total, direct primary energy consumption.",%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
energy_cons_change_pct,Annual change in primary energy consumption,%,U.S. Energy Information Administration - International Energy Data (2023) [https://www.eia.gov/opendata/bulkfiles.php]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
energy_cons_change_twh,Annual change in primary energy consumption,terawatt-hours,U.S. Energy Information Administration - International Energy Data (2023) [https://www.eia.gov/opendata/bulkfiles.php]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
energy_per_capita,Primary energy consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours per person,U.S. Energy Information Administration - International Energy Data (2023) [https://www.eia.gov/opendata/bulkfiles.php]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
energy_per_gdp,Primary energy consumption per GDP - Measured in kilowatt-hours per international-$.,kilowatt-hours per $,U.S. Energy Information Administration - International Energy Data (2023) [https://www.eia.gov/opendata/bulkfiles.php]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Bolt and van Zanden - Maddison Project Database 2023 [https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/historicaldevelopment/maddison/releases/maddison-project-database-2023]
fossil_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in fossil fuel consumption,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
fossil_cons_change_twh,Annual change in fossil fuel consumption,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
fossil_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from fossil fuels per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
fossil_electricity,Electricity generation from fossil fuels - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
fossil_energy_per_capita,Fossil fuel consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
fossil_fuel_consumption,Primary energy consumption from fossil fuels - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
fossil_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by fossil fuels - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
fossil_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from fossil fuels - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
gas_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in gas consumption,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
gas_cons_change_twh,Annual change in gas consumption,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
gas_consumption,Primary energy consumption from gas - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
gas_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from gas per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
gas_electricity,Electricity generation from gas - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
gas_energy_per_capita,Gas consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
gas_prod_change_pct,Annual change in gas production - Measured as a percentage of the previous year's production.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
gas_prod_change_twh,Annual change in gas production - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
gas_prod_per_capita,Gas production per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per capita.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
gas_production,Gas production - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
gas_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by gas - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
gas_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from gas - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
greenhouse_gas_emissions,Emissions from electricity generation - Measured in megatonnes of CO₂ equivalents.,million tonnes CO₂ equivalents,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]
hydro_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in hydropower consumption - Figures are based on gross primary hydroelectric generation and do not account for cross-border electricity supply.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
hydro_cons_change_twh,Annual change in hydropower consumption - Input-equivalent energy is based on gross generation and does not account for cross-border electricity supply.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
hydro_consumption,"Primary energy consumption from hydropower - Measured in terawatt-hours, using the substitution method.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
hydro_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from hydropower per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
hydro_electricity,Electricity generation from hydropower - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
hydro_energy_per_capita,Hydropower consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
hydro_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by hydropower - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
hydro_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from hydropower - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
low_carbon_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in low-carbon energy consumption - Figures are based on gross generation and do not account for cross-border electricity supply.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
low_carbon_cons_change_twh,Annual change in low-carbon energy consumption - Input-equivalent energy is based on gross generation and does not account for cross-border electricity supply.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
low_carbon_consumption,"Primary energy consumption from low-carbon sources - Measured in terawatt-hours, using the substitution method.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
low_carbon_elec_per_capita,"Electricity generation from low-carbon sources per person - Low-carbon sources correspond to renewables and nuclear power, that produce significantly less greenhouse-gas emissions than fossil fuels.",kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
low_carbon_electricity,"Electricity generation from low-carbon sources - Low-carbon sources correspond to renewables and nuclear power, that produce significantly less greenhouse-gas emissions than fossil fuels.",terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
low_carbon_energy_per_capita,Low-carbon energy consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
low_carbon_share_elec,"Share of electricity generated by low-carbon sources - Low-carbon sources correspond to renewables and nuclear power, that produce significantly less greenhouse-gas emissions than fossil fuels.",%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
low_carbon_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from low-carbon sources - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
net_elec_imports,"Net electricity imports - Electricity imports minus exports, measured in TWh.",terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]
net_elec_imports_share_demand,"Net electricity imports as a share of demand - Electricity imports minus exports, measured as a percentage of total electricity demand.",%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]
nuclear_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in nuclear power consumption - Figures are based on gross generation and do not account for cross-border electricity supply.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
nuclear_cons_change_twh,Annual change in nuclear power consumption - Input-equivalent energy is based on gross generation and does not account for cross-border electricity supply.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
nuclear_consumption,"Primary energy consumption from nuclear power - Measured in terawatt-hours, using the substitution method.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
nuclear_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from nuclear power per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
nuclear_electricity,Electricity generation from nuclear - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
nuclear_energy_per_capita,Nuclear power consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
nuclear_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by nuclear power - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
nuclear_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from nuclear power - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
oil_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in oil consumption,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
oil_cons_change_twh,Annual change in oil consumption,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
oil_consumption,Primary energy consumption from oil - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
oil_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from oil per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
oil_electricity,Electricity generation from oil - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
oil_energy_per_capita,Oil consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
oil_prod_change_pct,Annual change in oil production - Measured as a percentage of the previous year's production.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
oil_prod_change_twh,Annual change in oil production - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
oil_prod_per_capita,Oil production per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per capita.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
oil_production,Oil production - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; The Shift Data Portal - Energy production from fossil fuels (2019) [https://www.theshiftdataportal.org/]
oil_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by oil - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
oil_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from oil - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
other_renewable_consumption,"Primary energy consumption from other renewables - Measured in terawatt-hours, using the substitution method.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
other_renewable_electricity,"Electricity generation from other renewables, including bioenergy - Measured in terawatt-hours.",terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
other_renewable_exc_biofuel_electricity,"Electricity generation from other renewables, excluding bioenergy - Measured in terawatt-hours.",terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]
other_renewables_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in other renewables consumption - Figures are based on gross generation and do not account for cross-border electricity supply.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
other_renewables_cons_change_twh,"Annual change in other renewables consumption - Input-equivalent energy, in terawatt-hours, is based on gross generation and does not account for cross-border electricity supply.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
other_renewables_elec_per_capita,"Electricity generation from other renewables, including bioenergy, per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.",kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
other_renewables_elec_per_capita_exc_biofuel,"Electricity generation from other renewables, excluding bioenergy, per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.",kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
other_renewables_energy_per_capita,Other renewables consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
other_renewables_share_elec,"Share of electricity generated by other renewables, including bioenergy - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.",%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
other_renewables_share_elec_exc_biofuel,"Share of electricity generated by other renewables, excluding bioenergy - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.",%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
other_renewables_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from other renewables - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
per_capita_electricity,Total electricity generation per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
primary_energy_consumption,Primary energy consumption - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,U.S. Energy Information Administration - International Energy Data (2023) [https://www.eia.gov/opendata/bulkfiles.php]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
renewables_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in renewables consumption,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
renewables_cons_change_twh,Annual change in renewables consumption,terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
renewables_consumption,"Primary energy consumption from renewables - Measured in terawatt-hours, using the substitution method.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
renewables_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from renewables per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
renewables_electricity,Electricity generation from renewables - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
renewables_energy_per_capita,Renewables consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
renewables_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by renewables - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
renewables_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from renewables - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
solar_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in solar power consumption - Figures are based on gross generation and do not account for cross-border electricity supply.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
solar_cons_change_twh,"Annual change in solar power consumption - Input-equivalent energy, in terawatt-hours, is based on gross generation and does not account for cross-border electricity supply.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
solar_consumption,"Primary energy consumption from solar power - Measured in terawatt-hours, using the substitution method.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
solar_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from solar power per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
solar_electricity,Electricity generation from solar power - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
solar_energy_per_capita,Solar power consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
solar_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by solar power - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
solar_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from solar power - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
wind_cons_change_pct,Annual percentage change in wind power consumption - Figures are based on gross generation and do not account for cross-border electricity supply.,%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
wind_cons_change_twh,"Annual change in wind power consumption - Input-equivalent energy, in terawatt-hours, is based on gross generation and does not account for cross-border electricity supply.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
wind_consumption,"Primary energy consumption from wind power - Measured in terawatt-hours, using the substitution method.",terawatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
wind_elec_per_capita,Electricity generation from wind power per person - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2024) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
wind_electricity,Electricity generation from wind power - Measured in terawatt-hours.,terawatt-hours,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
wind_energy_per_capita,Wind power consumption per capita - Measured in kilowatt-hours per person.,kilowatt-hours,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]; Population based on various sources (2023) [https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources]
wind_share_elec,Share of electricity generated by wind power - Measured as a percentage of total electricity.,%,Ember - Yearly Electricity Data Europe (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2025) [https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/]; Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]
wind_share_energy,"Share of primary energy consumption that comes from wind power - Measured as a percentage of the total primary energy, using the substitution method.",%,Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) [https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/]