msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version:Tecno Recursos 2023Report-Msgid-Bugs-To:POT-Creation-Date:2023-11-25 17:54+0100PO-Revision-Date:YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONELast-Translator:FULL NAME Language:enLanguage-Team:en Plural-Forms:nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1)MIME-Version:1.0Content-Type:text/plain; charset=utf-8Content-Transfer-Encoding:8bitGenerated-By:Babel 2.9.0" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To:EMAIL@ADDRESS" "POT-Creation-Date:2024-11-07 12:56+0100" "PO-Revision-Date:YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE" "Last-Translator:FULL NAME " "Language-Team:LANGUAGE " "MIME-Version:1.0" "Content-Type:text/plain; charset=utf-8" "Content-Transfer-Encoding:8bit" "Generated-By:Babel 2.9.0" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:9 msgid "El comparador con histéresis" msgstr "The comparator with hysteresis" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:10 msgid "" "El circuito comparador con histéresis utiliza un amplificador operacional " "con realimentación **positiva** para conseguir que la comparación tenga dos " "valores separados de encendido y de apagado del circuito." msgstr "" "The hysteresis comparator circuit uses an operational amplifier with " "**positive** feedback to make the comparison have two separate on and off " "values ​​of the circuit." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:14 msgid "" "Esta separación entre el valor de encendido y el valor de apagado se " "denomina valor de **histéresis**." msgstr "" "This separation between the on value and the off value is called the " "**hysteresis** value." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:22 msgid "Esquema simplificado de un comparador con histéresis." msgstr "Simplified diagram of a comparator with hysteresis." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:25 msgid "Funcionamiento" msgstr "Operation" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:26 msgid "" "El circuito sin la resistencia R2 funciona igual que un comparador " "tradicional, que compara la tensión 'Vin' con la tensión de tierra." msgstr "" "The circuit without resistor R2 works the same as a traditional comparator, " "which compares the voltage 'Vin' with the ground voltage." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:29 msgid "" "Al añadir la resistencia R2, añadimos realimentación positiva, porque R2 va " "conectada entre la salida y el terminal de entrada positivo. Esta " "realimentación positiva tiene el resultado de reforzar la tensión de salida." msgstr "" "By adding resistor R2, we add positive feedback, because R2 is connected " "between the output and the positive input terminal. This positive feedback " "has the result of boosting the output voltage." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:34 msgid "" "Si la salida es positiva, el terminal de entrada V+ será positivo y la " "tensión de entrada Vin tendrá que ser mayor que cero para conseguir que la " "salida vuelva a ser negativa." msgstr "" "If the output is positive, the input terminal V+ will be positive and the " "input voltage Vin will have to be greater than zero to make the output " "negative again." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:38 msgid "" "Por el contrario si la salida es negativa, el terminal de entrada V+ será " "negativo y la tensión de entrada Vin tendrá que ser menor que cero para " "conseguir que la salida vuelva a ser positiva." msgstr "" "On the other hand, if the output is negative, the input terminal V+ will be " "negative and the input voltage Vin will have to be less than zero to make " "the output positive again." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:42 msgid "" "El resultado es una separación entre el valor de entrada que produce una " "salida positiva y el valor de entrada que produce una salida negativa." msgstr "" "The result is a separation between the input value that produces a positive " "output and the input value that produces a negative output." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:46 msgid "Simulación" msgstr "Simulation" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:47 msgid "" "En la siguiente simulación podemos ver un comparador con histéresis " "funcionando como control de una calefacción:" msgstr "" "In the following simulation we can see a comparator with hysteresis " "functioning as a heating control:" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:50 msgid "El led de salida representa el calefactor calentando el recinto." msgstr "The output LED represents the heater heating the room." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:51 msgid "" "La resistencia R1 representa el termostato en el que podemos cambiar la " "temperatura deseada del recinto." msgstr "" "Resistor R1 represents the thermostat in which we can change the desired " "temperature of the room." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:53 msgid "La resistencia R3 representa el sensor de temperatura ambiente." msgstr "Resistor R3 represents the ambient temperature sensor." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:54 msgid "" "La resistencia R4 aporta realimentación positiva y es la que produce la " "histéresis." msgstr "" "Resistor R4 provides positive feedback and is what produces the hysteresis." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:63 msgid "" "Al aumentar el valor de la temperatura en R3, el led terminará apagándose " "para que la temperatura del recinto disminuya." msgstr "" "By increasing the temperature value in R3, the LED will end up turning off " "so that the room temperature decreases." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:66 msgid "" "Si en ese caso disminuimos el valor de la temperatura en R3, el led " "terminará encendiéndose para que la temperatura del recinto aumente." msgstr "" "If in that case we decrease the temperature value in R3, the LED will end up" " turning on so that the room temperature increases." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:69 msgid "" "Si retiramos la resistencia R4, el circuito es un comparador tradicional que" " compara la tensión de referencia de R1 con la tensión de R2 y R3, que son " "un sensor de temperatura." msgstr "" "If we remove resistor R4, the circuit is a traditional comparator that " "compares the reference voltage of R1 with the voltage of R2 and R3, which " "are a temperature sensor." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:73 msgid "" "Con R4 conectada, las temperaturas de encendido y de apagado no coinciden, " "sino que están separadas varios grados, lo que se denomina temperatura de " "**histéresis**." msgstr "" "With R4 connected, the on and off temperatures do not coincide, but are " "several degrees apart, which is called **hysteresis** temperature." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:77 msgid "" "Si ambas temperaturas de encendido y de apagado coincidieran, la calefacción" " se encendería y se apagaría continuamente, con mucha frecuencia, y eso " "podría dañarla." msgstr "" "If both on and off temperatures are considered, the heater would turn on and" " off continuously, very frequently, and that could damage it." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:83 msgid "Ejercicios" msgstr "Exercises" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:84 msgid "" "¿En qué se diferencia el comparador con histéresis del comparador " "tradicional? Explica las diferencias de funcionamiento y de diseño del " "circuito." msgstr "" "How is the hysteresis comparator different from the traditional comparator? " "Explain the differences in circuit operation and design." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:88 msgid "¿Qué es la tensión o la temperatura de histéresis?" msgstr "What is voltage or temperature hysteresis?" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:90 msgid "" "¿Qué es mayor en este circuito simulado, la temperatura de encendido o la " "temperatura de apagado?" msgstr "" "Which is higher in this simulated circuit, the on temperature or the off " "temperature?" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:93 msgid "" "¿En un refrigerador qué será mayor, la temperatura de encendido o la de " "apagado del refrigerador? Justifica tu respuesta." msgstr "" "In a refrigerator, what will be higher, the on or off temperature of the " "refrigerator? Justify your answer." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:96 msgid "" "Simula el cambio de temperatura en el termistor R3 para comprobar cómo se " "comporta el circuito. La luz roja del diodo representa el encendido de un " "calefactor." msgstr "" "Simulate the temperature change in thermistor R3 to check how the circuit " "behaves. The red light on the diode represents the ignition of a heater." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:100 msgid "¿A qué temperatura se enciende el calefactor?" msgstr "At what temperature does the heater turn on?" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:102 msgid "¿A qué temperatura se apaga el calefactor?" msgstr "At what temperature does the heater turn off?" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:104 msgid "¿Por qué hay esa diferencia entre ambos?" msgstr "Why is there this difference between the two?" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:106 msgid "" "Cambia la resistencia R4 a un valor menor (100k). ¿Qué ocurre con la " "histéresis?" msgstr "" "Change resistor R4 to a lower value (100k). What happens with hysteresis?" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:109 msgid "" "Cambia la resistencia R4 a un valor mayor (800k). ¿Qué ocurre con la " "histéresis?" msgstr "" "Change resistor R4 to a higher value (800k). What happens with hysteresis?" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:112 msgid "" "¿Qué ventajas y qué inconvenientes tiene utilizar una menor histéresis en el" " circuito calentador?" msgstr "" "What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a lower hysteresis in the" " heater circuit?" #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:115 msgid "" "Cambia el valor de la resistencia variable R1 para que la calefacción " "funcione entre los rangos 20ºC y 22ºC." msgstr "" "Change the value of the variable resistor R1 so that the heating works " "between the ranges 20ºC and 22ºC." #: ../../source/electronic-operational-hysteresis.rst:118 msgid "Mantén la resistencia R4 con el valor de 800k del ejercicio anterior." msgstr "Keep resistance R4 with the value of 800k from the previous exercise."