13/6/2024 Evgeniia Vdovichenko Empathy Gap Bias specification of Cognitive Bias Ontology The "empathy gap" refers to a cognitive bias where people underestimate the influences of visceral drives on their own attitudes, preferences, and behaviors. Typically, this gap manifests when a person is in one state (e.g., calm, content) and fails to accurately predict their behavior or decisions when in a different state (e.g., angry, hungry, in pain). This can also apply when judging others' actions without considering their emotional or physical state, leading to misunderstandings or misjudgments. Empathy Gap module of the Cognitive Bias Ontology 2.0 http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/parameter.owl# http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/reaction.owl.v0.1# https://delicias.dia.fi.upm.es/ontologies/ObjectWithStates.owl https://softeng.polito.it/rsctx/ https://w3id.org/framester/data/framestercore/ https://www.cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html# It's Sunday evening, and Alex is feeling particularly motivated after a weekend of relaxation and light activities. Looking to capitalize on this burst of energy, Alex decides it's the perfect time to commit to a new fitness routine. They sign up for a series of 6:00 AM workout sessions at the local gym, confident in their ability to wake up early and energized by the thought of transforming their fitness level. However, as the week progresses, Alex's initial enthusiasm begins to wane. The comfort of a warm bed and the chill of the early morning make getting up increasingly difficult. By Wednesday, the alarm clock's siren call is met with dread, and by Friday, Alex hits the snooze button one too many times, missing the workout entirely. Reflecting on the week's challenges, Alex realizes they underestimated how their morning disposition could change, especially when faced with the reality of early wake-up calls. Determined to not let this setback derail their fitness goals, Alex starts looking for strategies to make morning workouts more appealing. A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16 hasParameter http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Submissions:Parameter A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16 isParameterFor http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Submissions:Parameter http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/reaction.owl.v0.1#isPerformedBy isPerformedBy http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Submissions:Reaction http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/reaction.owl.v0.1#performs performs http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Submissions:Reaction hasState http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Submissions:Object_with_states Defines the object that has an state isStateOf http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Submissions:Object_with_states Describes the relationship between a Cognitive Bias and an Individual on the base of influence. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/cbi.owl#affectedBy affectedBy Inverse of AffectedBy. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/cbi.owl#affects affects An entity having and effect on the other entity https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/cbi.owl#influences influences This property documents that an instance of E89 Propositional Object has as subject an instance of E1 CRM Entity. This differs from P67 refers to (is referred to by), which refers to an instance of E1 CRM Entity, in that it describes the primary subject or subjects of an instance of E89 Propositional Object. https://www.cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html#isAbout isAbout https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html#P129 Parametrizes values from a datatype. For example, a Parameter AgeForDriving hasParameterDataValue 18 on datatype xsd:int, in the Italian traffic code. In this example, AgeForDriving isDefinedIn the Norm ItalianTrafficCodeAgeDriving. http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/parameter.owl#hasParameterDataValue hasParameterDataValue This property allows sub-typing of entities – a form of specialization – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owl#hasPhysicalType hasPhysicalType This property allows sub-typing of entities – a form of specialization – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owl#hasEmotionalType hasEmotionalType States are the different states that an object can have. States must belong to a single collection of non-duplicate elements (i.e., to a set). https://delicias.dia.fi.upm.es/ontologies/ObjectWithStates.owl#State State A cognitive bias where a person underestimates the influence of different emotional or physical states on their decisions or behaviors. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owlEmpathyGap EmpathyGap Represents an entity that experiences the bias. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/cbi.owl#BiasedAgent BiasedAgent Represents the overarching concept of cognitive biases. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/cbi.owl#CognitiveBias CognitiveBias Represents an idealized entity that makes decisions based on objective analysis, facts, and logical reasoning, without being affected by cognitive biases. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/cbi.owl#NonBiasedAgent NonBiasedAgent negative positive Refers to the current condition of an entity's body, encompassing aspects like health, energy levels, fatigue, and overall physical well-being. Has a type (predefined string as positive, negative, etc.) https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owlPhysicalState PhysicalState negative positive The state of a person's emotions (especially with regard to pleasure or dejection). Has type which is a predefined sting. In our case: positive and negative or other predefined values. https://softeng.polito.it/rsctx/EmotionalState EmotionalState low Presents the accuracy of predicting of decisions. https://w3id.org/framester/data/framestercore/Accuracy Accuracy Models activity of taking decision. https://w3id.org/framester/data/framestercore/Deciding Deciding Denotes a human being and express that we are talking about human cognitive biases. https://w3id.org/framester/data/framestercore/People People Models the activity of predicting the decisions. https://w3id.org/framester/data/framestercore/Predicting Predicting Prediction of future activity https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owl#ActionPrediction ActionPrediction Alex is an individual who experiences the empathy gap while trying to establish a new fitness routine. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owl#Alex Alex The situation of expiriencing the Empathy Gap Bias https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owl#EmpathyGapInstance EmpathyGapInstance positive Feeling particularly motivated after a weekend of relaxation and light activities. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owl#Excited Excited Accuracy of predictions made by Alex https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owl#PredictionAccuracy PredictionAccuracy The decision of Alex signing up for the 6:00 AM workout sessions at the gym. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ranacoskun/cognitive_bias_ontology/main/Empathy%20Gap/EmpathyGap.owl#SigningUp Signing Up