Mood-Congruent Memory module of the Cognitive Bias Ontology
type: Ontology
created: 13/6/2024
creator: Evgeniia Vdovichenko
description: Mood-Congruent Memory Bias specification of Cognitive Bias Ontology
comment: Mood-congruent memory bias is a cognitive bias that affects how we recall past events. This bias occurs when our current mood influences the way we remember information, leading us to recall memories that are consistent with our current mood more easily than those that are not. For instance, if you're feeling happy, you're more likely to remember positive events, while if you're feeling sad, you're more likely to recall negative or sad events. This bias can impact both the recall of personal memories and the interpretation of events, potentially reinforcing our current mood by selectively recalling mood-consistent memories.
version info: 2.0
has component: http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Submissions:ActivitySpecification
has component: http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Submissions:Experience_%26_Observation#
has component: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation_v1.owl
has component: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/reaction.owl.v0.1#
has component: https://delicias.dia.fi.upm.es/ontologies/ObjectWithStates.owl#
has component: https://softeng.polito.it/rsctx/#
has component: https://w3id.org/framester/data/framestercore/
has component: https://www.cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html#
user story: On a quiet morning, Lisa, overwhelmed by anxiety, realizes her medical procedure is just a day away. With each tick of the clock, her heart races as memories of past health scares flood her mind. Sitting in her dimly lit room, she feels the weight of her worries growing, each thought darker than the last. Hesitantly, she reaches for her medical reports, her hands trembling as she reads through them. The clinical language and cold facts do little to comfort her; instead, they bring back vivid memories of times when her health faltered, increasing her dread for the upcoming procedure. Attempting to distract herself, Lisa tries to focus on positive outcomes, but the anxiety has made her recall only the negative experiences. She remembers the long recovery after her last surgery, the discomfort of treatments, and the isolation of hospital stays. These worrying memories make her current fear even more intense, casting a shadow over her ability to stay optimistic. As the day progresses, Lisa's room feels colder, and the silence louder. She knows she should reach out to someone—perhaps a friend or a counselor—but the anxiety makes it hard to find the words or the will. Instead, she curls up on her sofa, wrapped in a blanket, trying to find a semblance of peace in old books and movies that once brought her joy. Finally, as night falls, Lisa decides to write down her fears in her journal, hoping to externalize some of the anxiety. With each word, she feels a slight release but knows the true test will come in the morning, at the hospital. She falls asleep with a mix of dread and a faint hope that maybe, just as stories can have unexpected positive turns, her procedure might go better than her anxious mind anticipates.

hasPrecondition
type: ObjectProperty
domain: RememberingExperience
range: EmotionalState

isEngagedIn
type: ObjectProperty
domain: BiasedAgent
range: RememberingExperience
comment: Because an activity may engage other participants than the one performing it, engagements are in general considered individual rather than collective, therefore each participants has their own engagement and only some of them will be conscious and/or documented.

hasParticipant
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isParticipantIn
domain: Event
range: BiasedAgent

isParticipantIn
type: ObjectProperty
domain: BiasedAgent
range: Event

hasConsequence
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isConsequenceOf
domain: Event
range: EmotionalState

isConsequenceOf
type: ObjectProperty
domain: EmotionalState
range: Event

hasState
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isStateOf
domain: BiasedAgent
range: EmotionalState
comment: Defines the state of an object.

isStateOf
type: ObjectProperty
domain: EmotionalState
range: BiasedAgent

affectedBy
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: affects
domain: BiasedAgent
range: MoodCongruentMemory
comment: Describes the relationship between a Cognitive Bias and an Individual on the base of influence.

affects
type: ObjectProperty
domain: MoodCongruentMemory
range: BiasedAgent
comment: Inverse of AffectedBy.

hasEmotionalType
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: EmotionalState
range: string
comment: This property allows sub-typing of entities – a form of specialization – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus.

hasType
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: RememberingExperience
range: string
comment: This property allows sub-typing of entities – a form of specialization – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus.

BiasedAgent
type: Class
subclass of: People
comment: Represents an entity that experiences the bias.

CognitiveBias
type: Class
comment: Represents the overarching concept of cognitive biases.

MoodCongruentMemory
type: Class
subclass of: CognitiveBias
comment: Mood-congruent memory bias is a cognitive bias that affects how we recall past events. This bias occurs when our current mood influences the way we remember information, leading us to recall memories that are consistent with our current mood more easily than those that are not. For instance, if you're feeling happy, you're more likely to remember positive events, while if you're feeling sad, you're more likely to recall negative or sad events. This bias can impact both the recall of personal memories and the interpretation of events, potentially reinforcing our current mood by selectively recalling mood-consistent memories.

EmotionalState
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Restriction
    on property: hasEmotionalType
    has value: negative
  union of: Restriction
    on property: hasEmotionalType
    has value: positive
comment: The state of a person's emotions (especially with regard to pleasure or dejection). Has type which is a predefined sting. In our case: positive, negative or other predefined values.

Event
type: Class
comment: Models any possible event in general on the abstract level.

People
type: Class
comment: Denotes a human being and express that we are talking about human cognitive biases.

RememberingExperience
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Restriction
    on property: hasType
    has value: negative
  union of: Restriction
    on property: hasType
    has value: positive
comment: Captures the result of remembering activity.

Anxiety
type: NamedIndividual
type: EmotionalState
isConsequenceOf: HospitalStaying
isStateOf: Lisa
hasEmotionalType: negative
comment: The overwhelming feeling that Lisa experiences as she anticipates her medical procedure.

HospitalMemories
type: NamedIndividual
type: RememberingExperience
hasPrecondition: Anxiety
hasType: negative
comment: Lisa's memories about her previous medical issues and staying in the hospital.

HospitalStaying
type: NamedIndividual
type: Event
hasParticipant: Lisa
hasConsequence: Anxiety
comment: Lisa's expirience in hospitals

Lisa
type: NamedIndividual
type: BiasedAgent
isEngagedIn: HospitalMemories
isParticipantIn: HospitalStaying
hasState: Anxiety
affectedBy: Mood-CongruentMemoryInstance
comment: Lisa is an individual expiriencing the bias.

Mood-CongruentMemoryInstance
type: NamedIndividual
type: MoodCongruentMemory
affects: Lisa
comment: The situation of expiriencing the Mood-Congruent Memory