Omission Bias
type: Ontology
creator: Rana Coskun
comment: Omission bias is a cognitive bias that describes the tendency of people to judge harmful actions (commissions) as worse, or less moral, than equally harmful inactions (omissions), even if the outcomes are the same or similar. This bias can affect decision-making processes in various contexts, including moral and ethical judgments, health decisions, and legal interpretations. Essentially, individuals might perceive the act of not doing something as more acceptable or less blameworthy than actively doing something that leads to a similar negative outcome. This can lead to situations where passive decisions are favored over active ones, even if the active decision would result in a better outcome or prevent harm.

isPerformedBy
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: performs

isRaisedBy
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: raise
comment: Inverse of raise.

performs
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Biased Agent
range: Omission

raise
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Deciding
range: Action
comment: An activity raises an action

hasEngagement
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: inActivity
comment: Inverse of inActivity.

inActivity
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Engagement
range: Deciding
comment: what activity/ies are affecting or affected by a certain engagement

includes
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Deciding
range: Observation
comment: A relation of mereological nature that connects a given observation with the activity that originates them: it strengthens the argument that observations are always active processes from a cognitive standpoint, regardless of how conscious they may be. A standard mereological property from another content pattern may be used in lieu of this one and therefore aligned with it.

isEngagedIn
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Biased Agent
range: Engagement
comment: Because an activity may engage other participants than the one performing it, engagements are in general considered individual rather than collective, therefore each participants has their own engagement and only some of them will be conscious and/or documented.

isReflectedUponIn
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isReflectionOn
comment: Inverse of isReflectionOn.

isReflectionOn
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Observation
range: Engagement
comment: Used to connect the subjective elements of an experience with the corresponding observation, which is extrapolated from the content being interacted with and in itself may not be including a critique.

affects
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isAffectedBy
comment: Inverse of isAffectedBy.

isAffectedBy
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Biased Agent
range: Omission Bias
comment: Describes the relationship between a cognitive bias and an individual on the base of influence.

Action
type: Class
comment: Action can produce more than a single event. Mutiple events can share the same position in the sequence

Engagement
type: Class
comment: The product of a reflection upon an observation, which embodies subjective traits of an experience.

Observation
type: Class
comment: The product of an act of scrutiny which may or may not have been performed with a critical disposition

Comission
type: Class
subclass of: Action
disjoint with: Omission
comment: Comission is defined as action with physical movement in psychology.

Omission
type: Class
subclass of: Action
comment: Omission is defined as inaction in psychology.

Biased Agent
type: Class
subclass of: People
comment: Represents an entity that experiences the bias.

Cognitive Bias
type: Class
comment: Represents the overarching concept of cognitive biases.

Omission Bias
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Bias
comment: Omission bias is a cognitive bias that describes the tendency of people to judge commissions as less moral than equally harmful inactions omissions.

Deciding
type: Class
comment: A Cognizer makes a Decision, which may be about an entity or a course of action.

People
type: Class
comment: Denotes a human being and express that we are talking about human cognitive biases.

Belief Not Pulling Less Harmful
type: NamedIndividual
type: Observation
isReflectionOn: Trolley Lever Conflict
comment: The belief that not pulling the lever is less harmful in the trolley lever conflict, reflecting the omission bias in decision-making

Bob
type: NamedIndividual
type: Biased Agent
performs: Not Pulling The Lever
isEngagedIn: Trolley Lever Conflict
comment: A biased agent involved in the trolley lever conflict, demonstrating omission bias.

Not Pulling The Lever
type: NamedIndividual
type: Omission
isPerformedBy: Bob
comment: An instance of omission where Bob decides not to pull the lever in the trolley conflict scenario.

Pulling Action
type: NamedIndividual
type: Action
isRaisedBy: To Pull Or Not To Pull
comment: The action must be taken in the trolley lever conflict, raising a moral decision-making scenario.

Pulling The Lever
type: NamedIndividual
type: Comission
comment: The action of pulling the lever, raising a moral decision-making scenario.

To Pull Or Not To Pull
type: NamedIndividual
type: Deciding
raise: Pulling Action
hasEngagement: Trolley Lever Conflict
includes: Belief Not Pulling Less Harmful
comment: A decision-making scenario where the choice to pull or not pull the lever reflects omission bias.

Trolley Lever Conflict
type: NamedIndividual
type: Engagement
inActivity: To Pull Or Not To Pull
isReflectedUponIn: Belief Not Pulling Less Harmful