Class: String

Inherits:
Object show all
Includes:
Comparable
Defined in:
mrblib/string.rb,
src/string.c,
mrblib/string.rb,
mrbgems/mruby-sprintf/mrblib/string.rb,
mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb

Overview

String

ISO 15.2.10

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from Comparable

#<, #<=, #>, #>=, #between?, #clamp

Constructor Details

#new(str = "") ⇒ String

Returns a new string object containing a copy of str.



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1630

static mrb_value
mrb_str_init(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str2;

  if (mrb_get_args(mrb, "|S", &str2) == 0) {
    struct RString *s = str_new(mrb, 0, 0);
    str2 = mrb_obj_value(s);
  }
  str_replace(mrb, mrb_str_ptr(self), mrb_str_ptr(str2));
  return self;
}

Class Method Details

.try_convert(obj) ⇒ Object

call-seq: String.try_convert(obj) -> string or nil

Try to convert obj into a String, using to_str method. Returns converted string or nil if obj cannot be converted for any reason.

String.try_convert("str")     #=> "str"
String.try_convert(/re/)      #=> nil



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 14

def self.try_convert(obj)
  if obj.respond_to?(:to_str)
    obj.to_str
  else
    nil
  end
end

Instance Method Details

#%(args) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-sprintf/mrblib/string.rb', line 2

def %(args)
  if args.is_a? Array
    sprintf(self, *args)
  else
    sprintf(self, args)
  end
end

#*(integer) ⇒ String

Copy—Returns a new String containing integer copies of the receiver.

“Ho! “ * 3 #=> “Ho! Ho! Ho! “

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 823

static mrb_value
mrb_str_times(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int n,len,times;
  struct RString *str2;
  char *p;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "i", &times);
  if (times < 0) {
    mrb_raise(mrb, E_ARGUMENT_ERROR, "negative argument");
  }
  if (times && MRB_INT_MAX / times < RSTRING_LEN(self)) {
    mrb_raise(mrb, E_ARGUMENT_ERROR, "argument too big");
  }

  len = RSTRING_LEN(self)*times;
  str2 = str_new(mrb, 0, len);
  str_with_class(mrb, str2, self);
  p = RSTR_PTR(str2);
  if (len > 0) {
    n = RSTRING_LEN(self);
    memcpy(p, RSTRING_PTR(self), n);
    while (n <= len/2) {
      memcpy(p + n, p, n);
      n *= 2;
    }
    memcpy(p + n, p, len-n);
  }
  p[RSTR_LEN(str2)] = '\0';

  return mrb_obj_value(str2);
}

#+ ⇒ Object

String(“abcdefg”) = String(“abcd”) + String(“efg”)

Returns a new string object containing a copy of str.



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# File 'src/string.c', line 782

static mrb_value
mrb_str_plus_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "S", &str);
  return mrb_str_plus(mrb, self, str);
}

#<<(integer) ⇒ String #concat(integer) ⇒ String #<<(obj) ⇒ String #concat(obj) ⇒ String

Append—Concatenates the given object to str. If the object is a Integer, it is considered as a codepoint, and is converted to a character before concatenation.

a = “hello “ a « “world” #=> “hello world” a.concat(33) #=> “hello world!”

Overloads:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 157

static mrb_value
mrb_str_concat_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &str);
  if (mrb_fixnum_p(str))
    str = mrb_fixnum_chr(mrb, str);
  else
    str = mrb_string_type(mrb, str);
  mrb_str_concat(mrb, self, str);
  return self;
}

#<=>(other_str) ⇒ -1, ...

Comparison—Returns -1 if other_str is less than, 0 if other_str is equal to, and +1 if other_str is greater than str. If the strings are of different lengths, and the strings are equal when compared up to the shortest length, then the longer string is considered greater than the shorter one. If the variable $= is false, the comparison is based on comparing the binary values of each character in the string. In older versions of Ruby, setting $= allowed case-insensitive comparisons; this is now deprecated in favor of using String#casecmp.

<=> is the basis for the methods <, <=, >, >=, and between?, included from module Comparable. The method String#== does not use Comparable#==.

“abcdef” <=> “abcde” #=> 1 “abcdef” <=> “abcdef” #=> 0 “abcdef” <=> “abcdefg” #=> -1 “abcdef” <=> “ABCDEF” #=> 1

Returns:

  • (-1, 0, +1) 


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# File 'src/string.c', line 912

static mrb_value
mrb_str_cmp_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str1)
{
  mrb_value str2;
  mrb_int result;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &str2);
  if (!mrb_string_p(str2)) {
    if (!mrb_respond_to(mrb, str2, mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "to_s"))) {
      return mrb_nil_value();
    }
    else if (!mrb_respond_to(mrb, str2, mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "<=>"))) {
      return mrb_nil_value();
    }
    else {
      mrb_value tmp = mrb_funcall(mrb, str2, "<=>", 1, str1);

      if (mrb_nil_p(tmp)) return mrb_nil_value();
      if (!mrb_fixnum_p(tmp)) {
        return mrb_funcall(mrb, mrb_fixnum_value(0), "-", 1, tmp);
      }
      result = -mrb_fixnum(tmp);
    }
  }
  else {
    result = mrb_str_cmp(mrb, str1, str2);
  }
  return mrb_fixnum_value(result);
}

#==(obj) ⇒ Boolean

Equality— If obj is not a String, returns false. Otherwise, returns false or true

caution:if str <=> obj returns zero.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'src/string.c', line 979

static mrb_value
mrb_str_equal_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str1)
{
  mrb_value str2;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &str2);

  return mrb_bool_value(mrb_str_equal(mrb, str1, str2));
}

#=~(re) ⇒ Object

ISO 15.2.10.5.3

Raises:



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 247

def =~(re)
  raise TypeError, "type mismatch: String given" if re.respond_to? :to_str
  re =~ self
end

#[](fixnum) ⇒ Fixnum? #[](fixnum, fixnum) ⇒ String? #[](range) ⇒ String? #[](regexp) ⇒ String? #[](regexp, fixnum) ⇒ String? #[](other_str) ⇒ String? #slice(fixnum) ⇒ Fixnum? #slice(fixnum, fixnum) ⇒ String? #slice(range) ⇒ String? #slice(other_str) ⇒ String?

Element Reference—If passed a single Fixnum, returns the code of the character at that position. If passed two Fixnum objects, returns a substring starting at the offset given by the first, and a length given by the second. If given a range, a substring containing characters at offsets given by the range is returned. In all three cases, if an offset is negative, it is counted from the end of str. Returns nil if the initial offset falls outside the string, the length is negative, or the beginning of the range is greater than the end.

If a String is given, that string is returned if it occurs in str. In both cases, nil is returned if there is no match.

a = “hello there” a[1] #=> 101(1.8.7) “e”(1.9.2) a[1.1] #=> “e”(1.9.2) a[1,3] #=> “ell” a[1..3] #=> “ell” a[-3,2] #=> “er” a[-4..-2] #=> “her” a[12..-1] #=> nil a[-2..-4] #=> “” a[“lo”] #=> “lo” a[“bye”] #=> nil

Overloads:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1130

static mrb_value
mrb_str_aref_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value a1, a2;
  mrb_int argc;

  argc = mrb_get_args(mrb, "o|o", &a1, &a2);
  if (argc == 2) {
    mrb_int n1, n2;

    mrb_regexp_check(mrb, a1);
    mrb_get_args(mrb, "ii", &n1, &n2);
    return str_substr(mrb, str, n1, n2);
  }
  if (argc != 1) {
    mrb_raisef(mrb, E_ARGUMENT_ERROR, "wrong number of arguments (%S for 1)", mrb_fixnum_value(argc));
  }
  return mrb_str_aref(mrb, str, a1);
}

#[]=(*args) ⇒ Object

Modify +self+ by replacing the content of +self+. The portion of the string affected is determined using the same criteria as +String#[]+.



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 195

def []=(*args)
  anum = args.size
  if anum == 2
    pos, value = args
    case pos
    when String
      posnum = self.index(pos)
      if posnum
        b = self[0, posnum.to_i]
        a = self[(posnum + pos.length)..-1]
        self.replace([b, value, a].join(''))
      else
        raise IndexError, "string not matched"
      end
    when Range
      head = pos.begin
      tail = pos.end
      tail += self.length if tail < 0
      unless pos.exclude_end?
        tail += 1
      end
      return self[head, tail-head]=value
    else
      pos += self.length if pos < 0
      if pos < 0 || pos > self.length
        raise IndexError, "index #{args[0]} out of string"
      end
      b = self[0, pos.to_i]
      a = self[pos + 1..-1]
      self.replace([b, value, a].join(''))
    end
    return value
  elsif anum == 3
    pos, len, value = args
    pos += self.length if pos < 0
    if pos < 0 || pos > self.length
      raise IndexError, "index #{args[0]} out of string"
    end
    if len < 0
      raise IndexError, "negative length #{len}"
    end
    b = self[0, pos.to_i]
    a = self[pos + len..-1]
    self.replace([b, value, a].join(''))
    return value
  else
    raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments (#{anum} for 2..3)"
  end
end

#__sub_replace(pre, m, post) ⇒ Object

private method for gsub/sub



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 28

def __sub_replace(pre, m, post)
  s = ""
  i = 0
  while j = index("\\", i)
    break if j == length-1
    t = case self[j+1]
        when "\\"
          "\\"
        when "`"
          pre
        when "&", "0"
          m
        when "'"
          post
        when "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"
          ""
        else
          self[j, 2]
        end
    s += self[i, j-i] + t
    i = j + 2
  end
  s + self[i, length-i]
end

#bytes ⇒ Object

Returns an array of bytes in str.

str = “hello” str.bytes #=> [104, 101, 108, 108, 111]



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2714

static mrb_value
mrb_str_bytes(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(str);
  mrb_value a = mrb_ary_new_capa(mrb, RSTR_LEN(s));
  unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *)(RSTR_PTR(s)), *pend = p + RSTR_LEN(s);

  while (p < pend) {
    mrb_ary_push(mrb, a, mrb_fixnum_value(p[0]));
    p++;
  }
  return a;
}

#bytesize ⇒ Object 



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# File 'src/string.c', line 806

static mrb_value
mrb_str_bytesize(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int len = RSTRING_LEN(self);
  return mrb_fixnum_value(len);
}

#byteslice ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 42

static mrb_value
mrb_str_byteslice(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value a1;
  mrb_int len;

  if (mrb_get_argc(mrb) == 2) {
    mrb_int pos;
    mrb_get_args(mrb, "ii", &pos, &len);
    return mrb_str_substr(mrb, str, pos, len);
  }
  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o|i", &a1, &len);
  switch (mrb_type(a1)) {
  case MRB_TT_RANGE:
    {
      mrb_int beg;

      len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
      switch (mrb_range_beg_len(mrb, a1, &beg, &len, len, TRUE)) {
      case 0:                   /* not range */
        break;
      case 1:                   /* range */
        return mrb_str_substr(mrb, str, beg, len);
      case 2:                   /* out of range */
        mrb_raisef(mrb, E_RANGE_ERROR, "%S out of range", a1);
        break;
      }
      return mrb_nil_value();
    }
#ifndef MRB_WITHOUT_FLOAT
  case MRB_TT_FLOAT:
    a1 = mrb_fixnum_value((mrb_int)mrb_float(a1));
    /* fall through */
#endif
  case MRB_TT_FIXNUM:
    return mrb_str_substr(mrb, str, mrb_fixnum(a1), 1);
  default:
    mrb_raise(mrb, E_TYPE_ERROR, "wrong type of argument");
  }
  /* not reached */
  return mrb_nil_value();
}

#capitalize ⇒ String

Returns a copy of str with the first character converted to uppercase and the remainder to lowercase.

“hello”.capitalize #=> “Hello” “HELLO”.capitalize #=> “Hello” “123ABC”.capitalize #=> “123abc”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1199

static mrb_value
mrb_str_capitalize(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  str = mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  mrb_str_capitalize_bang(mrb, str);
  return str;
}

#capitalize! ⇒ String?

Modifies str by converting the first character to uppercase and the remainder to lowercase. Returns nil if no changes are made.

a = “hello” a.capitalize! #=> “Hello” a #=> “Hello” a.capitalize! #=> nil

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1163

static mrb_value
mrb_str_capitalize_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  char *p, *pend;
  mrb_bool modify = FALSE;
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(str);

  mrb_str_modify(mrb, s);
  if (RSTR_LEN(s) == 0 || !RSTR_PTR(s)) return mrb_nil_value();
  p = RSTR_PTR(s); pend = RSTR_PTR(s) + RSTR_LEN(s);
  if (ISLOWER(*p)) {
    *p = TOUPPER(*p);
    modify = TRUE;
  }
  while (++p < pend) {
    if (ISUPPER(*p)) {
      *p = TOLOWER(*p);
      modify = TRUE;
    }
  }
  if (modify) return str;
  return mrb_nil_value();
}

#casecmp(str) ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.casecmp(other_str) -> -1, 0, +1 or nil

Case-insensitive version of String#<=>.

“abcdef”.casecmp(“abcde”) #=> 1 “aBcDeF”.casecmp(“abcdef”) #=> 0 “abcdef”.casecmp(“abcdefg”) #=> -1 “abcdef”.casecmp(“ABCDEF”) #=> 0



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 144

def casecmp(str)
  self.downcase <=> str.to_str.downcase
rescue NoMethodError
  nil
end

#casecmp?(str) ⇒ Boolean

call-seq: str.casecmp?(other) -> true, false, or nil

Returns true if str and other_str are equal after case folding, false if they are not equal, and nil if other_str is not a string.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 157

def casecmp?(str)
  c = self.casecmp(str)
  return nil if c.nil?
  return c == 0
end

#chars(&block) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 321

def chars(&block)
  if block_given?
    self.split('').each do |i|
      block.call(i)
    end
    self
  else
    self.split('')
  end
end

#chomp(separator = "\n") ⇒ String

Returns a new String with the given record separator removed from the end of str (if present). If $/ has not been changed from the default Ruby record separator, then chomp also removes carriage return characters (that is it will remove \n, \r, and \r\n).

“hello”.chomp #=> “hello” “hello\n”.chomp #=> “hello” “hello\r\n”.chomp #=> “hello” “hello\n\r”.chomp #=> “hello\n” “hello\r”.chomp #=> “hello” “hello \n there”.chomp #=> “hello \n there” “hello”.chomp(“llo”) #=> “he”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1304

static mrb_value
mrb_str_chomp(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  str = mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  mrb_str_chomp_bang(mrb, str);
  return str;
}

#chomp!(separator = "\n") ⇒ String?

Modifies str in place as described for String#chomp, returning str, or nil if no modifications were made.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1217

static mrb_value
mrb_str_chomp_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value rs;
  mrb_int newline;
  char *p, *pp;
  mrb_int rslen;
  mrb_int len;
  mrb_int argc;
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(str);

  argc = mrb_get_args(mrb, "|S", &rs);
  mrb_str_modify(mrb, s);
  len = RSTR_LEN(s);
  if (argc == 0) {
    if (len == 0) return mrb_nil_value();
  smart_chomp:
    if (RSTR_PTR(s)[len-1] == '\n') {
      RSTR_SET_LEN(s, RSTR_LEN(s) - 1);
      if (RSTR_LEN(s) > 0 &&
          RSTR_PTR(s)[RSTR_LEN(s)-1] == '\r') {
        RSTR_SET_LEN(s, RSTR_LEN(s) - 1);
      }
    }
    else if (RSTR_PTR(s)[len-1] == '\r') {
      RSTR_SET_LEN(s, RSTR_LEN(s) - 1);
    }
    else {
      return mrb_nil_value();
    }
    RSTR_PTR(s)[RSTR_LEN(s)] = '\0';
    return str;
  }

  if (len == 0 || mrb_nil_p(rs)) return mrb_nil_value();
  p = RSTR_PTR(s);
  rslen = RSTRING_LEN(rs);
  if (rslen == 0) {
    while (len>0 && p[len-1] == '\n') {
      len--;
      if (len>0 && p[len-1] == '\r')
        len--;
    }
    if (len < RSTR_LEN(s)) {
      RSTR_SET_LEN(s, len);
      p[len] = '\0';
      return str;
    }
    return mrb_nil_value();
  }
  if (rslen > len) return mrb_nil_value();
  newline = RSTRING_PTR(rs)[rslen-1];
  if (rslen == 1 && newline == '\n')
    newline = RSTRING_PTR(rs)[rslen-1];
  if (rslen == 1 && newline == '\n')
    goto smart_chomp;

  pp = p + len - rslen;
  if (p[len-1] == newline &&
     (rslen <= 1 ||
     memcmp(RSTRING_PTR(rs), pp, rslen) == 0)) {
    RSTR_SET_LEN(s, len - rslen);
    p[RSTR_LEN(s)] = '\0';
    return str;
  }
  return mrb_nil_value();
}

#chop ⇒ String

Returns a new String with the last character removed. If the string ends with \r\n, both characters are removed. Applying chop to an empty string returns an empty string. String#chomp is often a safer alternative, as it leaves the string unchanged if it doesn’t end in a record separator.

“string\r\n”.chop #=> “string” “string\n\r”.chop #=> “string\n” “string\n”.chop #=> “string” “string”.chop #=> “strin” “x”.chop #=> “”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1373

static mrb_value
mrb_str_chop(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;
  str = mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  mrb_str_chop_bang(mrb, str);
  return str;
}

#chop! ⇒ String?

Processes str as for String#chop, returning str, or nil if str is the empty string. See also String#chomp!.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1323

static mrb_value
mrb_str_chop_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(str);

  mrb_str_modify(mrb, s);
  if (RSTR_LEN(s) > 0) {
    mrb_int len;
#ifdef MRB_UTF8_STRING
    const char* t = RSTR_PTR(s), *p = t;
    const char* e = p + RSTR_LEN(s);
    while (p<e) {
      mrb_int clen = utf8len(p, e);
      if (p + clen>=e) break;
      p += clen;
    }
    len = p - t;
#else
    len = RSTR_LEN(s) - 1;
#endif
    if (RSTR_PTR(s)[len] == '\n') {
      if (len > 0 &&
          RSTR_PTR(s)[len-1] == '\r') {
        len--;
      }
    }
    RSTR_SET_LEN(s, len);
    RSTR_PTR(s)[len] = '\0';
    return str;
  }
  return mrb_nil_value();
}

#chr ⇒ String

Returns a one-character string at the beginning of the string.

a = “abcde” a.chr #=> “a”

Returns:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 259

static mrb_value
mrb_str_chr(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  return mrb_str_substr(mrb, self, 0, 1);
}

#clear ⇒ Object

call-seq: string.clear -> string

Makes string empty.

a = “abcde” a.clear #=> “”



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 31

def clear
  self.replace("")
end

#codepoints(&block) ⇒ Object Also known as: each_codepoint 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 341

def codepoints(&block)
  len = self.size

  if block_given?
    self.split('').each do|x|
      block.call(x.ord)
    end
    self
  else
    self.split('').map{|x| x.ord}
  end
end

#<<(integer) ⇒ String #concat(integer) ⇒ String #<<(obj) ⇒ String #concat(obj) ⇒ String

Append—Concatenates the given object to str. If the object is a Integer, it is considered as a codepoint, and is converted to a character before concatenation.

a = “hello “ a « “world” #=> “hello world” a.concat(33) #=> “hello world!”

Overloads:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 157

static mrb_value
mrb_str_concat_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &str);
  if (mrb_fixnum_p(str))
    str = mrb_fixnum_chr(mrb, str);
  else
    str = mrb_string_type(mrb, str);
  mrb_str_concat(mrb, self, str);
  return self;
}

#cover?(obj) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if +obj+ is between the begin and end of the range.

This tests begin <= obj <= end when #exclude_end? is +false+ and begin <= obj < end when #exclude_end? is +true+.

(“a”..”z”).cover?(“c”) #=> true (“a”..”z”).cover?(“5”) #=> false (“a”..”z”).cover?(“cc”) #=> true

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-range-ext/src/range.c', line 42

static mrb_value
mrb_range_cover(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value range)
{
  mrb_value val;
  struct RRange *r = mrb_range_ptr(mrb, range);
  mrb_value beg, end;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &val);

  beg = r->edges->beg;
  end = r->edges->end;

  if (r_le(mrb, beg, val)) {
    if (r->excl) {
      if (r_lt(mrb, val, end))
        return mrb_true_value();
    }
    else {
      if (r_le(mrb, val, end))
        return mrb_true_value();
    }
  }

  return mrb_false_value();
}

#delete_prefix(prefix) ⇒ String

Returns a copy of str with leading prefix deleted.

“hello”.delete_prefix(“hel”) #=> “lo” “hello”.delete_prefix(“llo”) #=> “hello”

Returns:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 699

static mrb_value
mrb_str_del_prefix(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int plen, slen;
  char *ptr;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "s", &ptr, &plen);
  slen = RSTRING_LEN(self);
  if (plen > slen) return mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  if (memcmp(RSTRING_PTR(self), ptr, plen) != 0)
    return mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  return mrb_str_substr(mrb, self, plen, slen-plen);
}

#delete_prefix!(prefix) ⇒ self?

Deletes leading prefix from str, returning nil if no change was made.

“hello”.delete_prefix!(“hel”) #=> “lo” “hello”.delete_prefix!(“llo”) #=> nil

Returns:

  • (self, nil) 


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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 666

static mrb_value
mrb_str_del_prefix_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int plen, slen;
  char *ptr, *s;
  struct RString *str = RSTRING(self);

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "s", &ptr, &plen);
  slen = RSTR_LEN(str);
  if (plen > slen) return mrb_nil_value();
  s = RSTR_PTR(str);
  if (memcmp(s, ptr, plen) != 0) return mrb_nil_value();
  if (!MRB_FROZEN_P(str) && (RSTR_SHARED_P(str) || RSTR_FSHARED_P(str))) {
    str->as.heap.ptr += plen;
  }
  else {
    mrb_str_modify(mrb, str);
    s = RSTR_PTR(str);
    memmove(s, s+plen, slen-plen);
  }
  RSTR_SET_LEN(str, slen-plen);
  return self;
}

#delete_suffix(suffix) ⇒ String

Returns a copy of str with leading suffix deleted.

“hello”.delete_suffix(“hel”) #=> “lo” “hello”.delete_suffix(“llo”) #=> “hello”

Returns:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 754

static mrb_value
mrb_str_del_suffix(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int plen, slen;
  char *ptr;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "s", &ptr, &plen);
  slen = RSTRING_LEN(self);
  if (plen > slen) return mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  if (memcmp(RSTRING_PTR(self)+slen-plen, ptr, plen) != 0)
    return mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  return mrb_str_substr(mrb, self, 0, slen-plen);
}

#delete_suffix!(suffix) ⇒ self?

Deletes trailing suffix from str, returning nil if no change was made.

“hello”.delete_suffix!(“llo”) #=> “he” “hello”.delete_suffix!(“hel”) #=> nil

Returns:

  • (self, nil) 


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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 723

static mrb_value
mrb_str_del_suffix_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int plen, slen;
  char *ptr, *s;
  struct RString *str = RSTRING(self);

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "s", &ptr, &plen);
  slen = RSTR_LEN(str);
  if (plen > slen) return mrb_nil_value();
  s = RSTR_PTR(str);
  if (memcmp(s+slen-plen, ptr, plen) != 0) return mrb_nil_value();
  if (!MRB_FROZEN_P(str) && (RSTR_SHARED_P(str) || RSTR_FSHARED_P(str))) {
    /* no need to modify string */
  }
  else {
    mrb_str_modify(mrb, str);
  }
  RSTR_SET_LEN(str, slen-plen);
  return self;
}

#downcase ⇒ String

Returns a copy of str with all uppercase letters replaced with their lowercase counterparts. The operation is locale insensitive—only characters ‘A’ to ‘Z’ are affected.

“hEllO”.downcase #=> “hello”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1423

static mrb_value
mrb_str_downcase(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  str = mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  mrb_str_downcase_bang(mrb, str);
  return str;
}

#downcase! ⇒ String?

Downcases the contents of str, returning nil if no changes were made.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1390

static mrb_value
mrb_str_downcase_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  char *p, *pend;
  mrb_bool modify = FALSE;
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(str);

  mrb_str_modify(mrb, s);
  p = RSTR_PTR(s);
  pend = RSTR_PTR(s) + RSTR_LEN(s);
  while (p < pend) {
    if (ISUPPER(*p)) {
      *p = TOLOWER(*p);
      modify = TRUE;
    }
    p++;
  }

  if (modify) return str;
  return mrb_nil_value();
}

#dump ⇒ String

Produces a version of str with all nonprinting characters replaced by \nnn notation and all special characters escaped.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2449

mrb_value
mrb_str_dump(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_int len;
  const char *p, *pend;
  char *q;
  struct RString *result;

  len = 2;                  /* "" */
  p = RSTRING_PTR(str); pend = p + RSTRING_LEN(str);
  while (p < pend) {
    unsigned char c = *p++;
    switch (c) {
      case '"':  case '\\':
      case '\n': case '\r':
      case '\t': case '\f':
      case '\013': case '\010': case '\007': case '\033':
        len += 2;
        break;

      case '#':
        len += IS_EVSTR(p, pend) ? 2 : 1;
        break;

      default:
        if (ISPRINT(c)) {
          len++;
        }
        else {
          len += 4;                /* \NNN */
        }
        break;
    }
  }

  result = str_new(mrb, 0, len);
  str_with_class(mrb, result, str);
  p = RSTRING_PTR(str); pend = p + RSTRING_LEN(str);
  q = RSTR_PTR(result);
  *q++ = '"';
  while (p < pend) {
    unsigned char c = *p++;

    switch (c) {
      case '"':
      case '\\':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = c;
        break;

      case '\n':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = 'n';
        break;

      case '\r':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = 'r';
        break;

      case '\t':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = 't';
        break;

      case '\f':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = 'f';
        break;

      case '\013':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = 'v';
        break;

      case '\010':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = 'b';
        break;

      case '\007':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = 'a';
        break;

      case '\033':
        *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = 'e';
        break;

      case '#':
        if (IS_EVSTR(p, pend)) *q++ = '\\';
        *q++ = '#';
        break;

      default:
        if (ISPRINT(c)) {
          *q++ = c;
        }
        else {
          *q++ = '\\';
          *q++ = 'x';
          q[1] = mrb_digitmap[c % 16]; c /= 16;
          q[0] = mrb_digitmap[c % 16];
          q += 2;
        }
    }
  }
  *q = '"';
  return mrb_obj_value(result);
}

#each_byte(&block) ⇒ Object

Call the given block for each byte of +self+.



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 182

def each_byte(&block)
  bytes = self.bytes
  pos = 0
  while pos < bytes.size
    block.call(bytes[pos])
    pos += 1
  end
  self
end

#each_char(&block) ⇒ Object

Call the given block for each character of +self+.



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 171

def each_char(&block)
  pos = 0
  while pos < self.size
    block.call(self[pos])
    pos += 1
  end
  self
end

#each_line(rs = "\n", &block) ⇒ Object

Calls the given block for each line and pass the respective line.

ISO 15.2.10.5.15



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 12

def each_line(rs = "\n", &block)
  return to_enum(:each_line, rs, &block) unless block
  return block.call(self) if rs.nil?
  rs = rs.to_str
  offset = 0
  rs_len = rs.length
  this = dup
  while pos = this.index(rs, offset)
    block.call(this[offset, pos + rs_len - offset])
    offset = pos + rs_len
  end
  block.call(this[offset, this.size - offset]) if this.size > offset
  self
end

#empty? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if str has a length of zero.

“hello”.empty? #=> false ““.empty? #=> true

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'src/string.c', line 1443

static mrb_value
mrb_str_empty_p(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(self);

  return mrb_bool_value(RSTR_LEN(s) == 0);
}

#end_with?([suffixes]) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if +str+ ends with one of the +suffixes+ given.

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 213

static mrb_value
mrb_str_end_with(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value *argv, sub;
  mrb_int argc, i;
  mrb_get_args(mrb, "*", &argv, &argc);

  for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
    size_t len_l, len_r;
    int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
    sub = mrb_string_type(mrb, argv[i]);
    mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
    len_l = RSTRING_LEN(self);
    len_r = RSTRING_LEN(sub);
    if (len_l >= len_r) {
      if (memcmp(RSTRING_PTR(self) + (len_l - len_r),
                 RSTRING_PTR(sub),
                 len_r) == 0) {
        return mrb_true_value();
      }
    }
  }
  return mrb_false_value();
}

#eql?(other) ⇒ Boolean

Two strings are equal if the have the same length and content.

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'src/string.c', line 1458

static mrb_value
mrb_str_eql(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str2;
  mrb_bool eql_p;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &str2);
  eql_p = (mrb_type(str2) == MRB_TT_STRING) && str_eql(mrb, self, str2);

  return mrb_bool_value(eql_p);
}

#getbyte ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 8

static mrb_value
mrb_str_getbyte(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_int pos;
  mrb_get_args(mrb, "i", &pos);

  if (pos < 0)
    pos += RSTRING_LEN(str);
  if (pos < 0 ||  RSTRING_LEN(str) <= pos)
    return mrb_nil_value();

  return mrb_fixnum_value((unsigned char)RSTRING_PTR(str)[pos]);
}

#gsub(*args, &block) ⇒ Object

Replace all matches of +pattern+ with +replacement+. Call block (if given) for each match and replace +pattern+ with the value of the block. Return the final value.

ISO 15.2.10.5.18

Raises:



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 60

def gsub(*args, &block)
  return to_enum(:gsub, *args) if args.length == 1 && !block
  raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments" unless (1..2).include?(args.length)

  pattern, replace = *args
  plen = pattern.length
  if args.length == 2 && block
    block = nil
  end
  if !replace.nil? || !block
    replace = replace.to_str
  end
  offset = 0
  result = []
  while found = index(pattern, offset)
    result << self[offset, found - offset]
    offset = found + plen
    result << if block
      block.call(pattern).to_s
    else
      replace.__sub_replace(self[0, found], pattern, self[offset..-1] || "")
    end
    if plen == 0
      result << self[offset, 1]
      offset += 1
    end
  end
  result << self[offset..-1] if offset < length
  result.join
end

#gsub!(*args, &block) ⇒ Object

Replace all matches of +pattern+ with +replacement+. Call block (if given) for each match and replace +pattern+ with the value of the block. Modify +self+ with the final value.

ISO 15.2.10.5.19

Raises:



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 98

def gsub!(*args, &block)
  raise FrozenError, "can't modify frozen String" if frozen?
  return to_enum(:gsub!, *args) if args.length == 1 && !block
  str = self.gsub(*args, &block)
  return nil if str == self
  self.replace(str)
end

#hash ⇒ Fixnum

Return a hash based on the string’s length and content.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1499

static mrb_value
mrb_str_hash_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int key = mrb_str_hash(mrb, self);
  return mrb_fixnum_value(key);
}

#hex ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 238

static mrb_value
mrb_str_hex(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  return mrb_str_to_inum(mrb, self, 16, FALSE);
}

#include?(other_str) ⇒ Boolean #include?(fixnum) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if str contains the given string or character.

“hello”.include? “lo” #=> true “hello”.include? “ol” #=> false “hello”.include? ?h #=> true

Overloads:

  • #include?(other_str) ⇒ Boolean

    Returns:

    • (Boolean)
  • #include?(fixnum) ⇒ Boolean

    Returns:

    • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'src/string.c', line 1519

static mrb_value
mrb_str_include(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str2;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "S", &str2);
  if (str_index_str(mrb, self, str2, 0) < 0)
    return mrb_bool_value(FALSE);
  return mrb_bool_value(TRUE);
}

#index(substring[, offset]) ⇒ Fixnum? #index(fixnum[, offset]) ⇒ Fixnum? #index(regexp[, offset]) ⇒ Fixnum?

Returns the index of the first occurrence of the given substring, character (fixnum), or pattern (regexp) in str. Returns nil if not found. If the second parameter is present, it specifies the position in the string to begin the search.

“hello”.index(‘e’) #=> 1 “hello”.index(‘lo’) #=> 3 “hello”.index(‘a’) #=> nil “hello”.index(101) #=> 1(101=0x65=’e’) “hello”.index(/[aeiou]/, -3) #=> 4

Overloads:

  • #index(substring[, offset]) ⇒ Fixnum?

    Returns:

  • #index(fixnum[, offset]) ⇒ Fixnum?

    Returns:

  • #index(regexp[, offset]) ⇒ Fixnum?

    Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1551

static mrb_value
mrb_str_index_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value *argv;
  mrb_int argc;
  mrb_value sub;
  mrb_int pos, clen;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "*!", &argv, &argc);
  if (argc == 2) {
    mrb_get_args(mrb, "oi", &sub, &pos);
  }
  else {
    pos = 0;
    if (argc > 0)
      sub = argv[0];
    else
      sub = mrb_nil_value();
  }
  mrb_regexp_check(mrb, sub);
  clen = RSTRING_CHAR_LEN(str);
  if (pos < 0) {
    pos += clen;
    if (pos < 0) {
      return mrb_nil_value();
    }
  }
  if (pos > clen) return mrb_nil_value();
  pos = chars2bytes(str, 0, pos);

  switch (mrb_type(sub)) {
    default: {
      mrb_value tmp;

      tmp = mrb_check_string_type(mrb, sub);
      if (mrb_nil_p(tmp)) {
        mrb_raisef(mrb, E_TYPE_ERROR, "type mismatch: %S given", sub);
      }
      sub = tmp;
    }
    /* fall through */
    case MRB_TT_STRING:
      pos = str_index_str(mrb, str, sub, pos);
      break;
  }

  if (pos == -1) return mrb_nil_value();
  pos = bytes2chars(RSTRING_PTR(str), pos);
  BYTES_ALIGN_CHECK(pos);
  return mrb_fixnum_value(pos);
}

#replace(other_str) ⇒ String

s = “hello” #=> “hello” s.replace “world” #=> “world”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1614

static mrb_value
mrb_str_replace(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value str2;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "S", &str2);
  return str_replace(mrb, mrb_str_ptr(str), mrb_str_ptr(str2));
}

#insert(idx, str) ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.insert(index, other_str) -> str

Inserts other_str before the character at the given index, modifying str. Negative indices count from the end of the string, and insert after the given character. The intent is insert aString so that it starts at the given index.

"abcd".insert(0, 'X')    #=> "Xabcd"
"abcd".insert(3, 'X')    #=> "abcXd"
"abcd".insert(4, 'X')    #=> "abcdX"
"abcd".insert(-3, 'X')   #=> "abXcd"
"abcd".insert(-1, 'X')   #=> "abcdX"



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 273

def insert(idx, str)
  if idx == -1
    return self << str
  elsif idx < 0
    idx += 1
  end
  self[idx, 0] = str
  self
end

#inspect ⇒ String

Returns a printable version of str, surrounded by quote marks, with special characters escaped.

str = “hello” str[3] = “\b” str.inspect #=> “"hel\bo"”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2638

mrb_value
mrb_str_inspect(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  const char *p, *pend;
  char buf[CHAR_ESC_LEN + 1];
  mrb_value result = mrb_str_new_lit(mrb, "\"");

  p = RSTRING_PTR(str); pend = RSTRING_END(str);
  for (;p < pend; p++) {
    unsigned char c, cc;
#ifdef MRB_UTF8_STRING
    mrb_int clen;

    clen = utf8len(p, pend);
    if (clen > 1) {
      mrb_int i;

      for (i=0; i<clen; i++) {
        buf[i] = p[i];
      }
      mrb_str_cat(mrb, result, buf, clen);
      p += clen-1;
      continue;
    }
#endif
    c = *p;
    if (c == '"'|| c == '\\' || (c == '#' && IS_EVSTR(p+1, pend))) {
      buf[0] = '\\'; buf[1] = c;
      mrb_str_cat(mrb, result, buf, 2);
      continue;
    }
    if (ISPRINT(c)) {
      buf[0] = c;
      mrb_str_cat(mrb, result, buf, 1);
      continue;
    }
    switch (c) {
      case '\n': cc = 'n'; break;
      case '\r': cc = 'r'; break;
      case '\t': cc = 't'; break;
      case '\f': cc = 'f'; break;
      case '\013': cc = 'v'; break;
      case '\010': cc = 'b'; break;
      case '\007': cc = 'a'; break;
      case 033: cc = 'e'; break;
      default: cc = 0; break;
    }
    if (cc) {
      buf[0] = '\\';
      buf[1] = (char)cc;
      mrb_str_cat(mrb, result, buf, 2);
      continue;
    }
    else {
      buf[0] = '\\';
      buf[1] = 'x';
      buf[3] = mrb_digitmap[c % 16]; c /= 16;
      buf[2] = mrb_digitmap[c % 16];
      mrb_str_cat(mrb, result, buf, 4);
      continue;
    }
  }
  mrb_str_cat_lit(mrb, result, "\"");

  return result;
}

#intern ⇒ Object #to_sym ⇒ Object

Returns the Symbol corresponding to str, creating the symbol if it did not previously exist. See Symbol#id2name.

“Koala”.intern #=> :Koala s = ‘cat’.to_sym #=> :cat s == :cat #=> true s = ‘@cat’.to_sym #=> :@cat s == :@cat #=> true

This can also be used to create symbols that cannot be represented using the :xxx notation.

‘cat and dog’.to_sym #=> :”cat and dog”



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1664

MRB_API mrb_value
mrb_str_intern(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  return mrb_symbol_value(mrb_intern_str(mrb, self));
}

#last ⇒ Object #last(n) ⇒ Array

Returns the last object in the range, or an array of the last +n+ elements.

Note that with no arguments +last+ will return the object that defines the end of the range even if #exclude_end? is +true+.

(10..20).last #=> 20 (10…20).last #=> 20 (10..20).last(3) #=> [18, 19, 20] (10…20).last(3) #=> [17, 18, 19]

Overloads:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-range-ext/src/range.c', line 84

static mrb_value
mrb_range_last(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value range)
{
  mrb_value num;
  mrb_value array;
  struct RRange *r = mrb_range_ptr(mrb, range);

  if (mrb_get_args(mrb, "|o", &num) == 0) {
    return r->edges->end;
  }

  array = mrb_funcall(mrb, range, "to_a", 0);
  return mrb_funcall(mrb, array, "last", 1, mrb_to_int(mrb, num));
}

#length ⇒ Integer

Same as sym.to_s.length.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 799

static mrb_value
mrb_str_size(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int len = RSTRING_CHAR_LEN(self);
  return mrb_fixnum_value(len);
}

#lines ⇒ Object

Returns strings per line;

a = “abc\ndef” a.lines #=> [“abc\n”, “def”]



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 319

static mrb_value
mrb_str_lines(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value result;
  mrb_value blk;
  int ai;
  mrb_int len;
  mrb_value arg;
  char *b = RSTRING_PTR(self);
  char *p = b, *t;
  char *e = b + RSTRING_LEN(self);

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "&", &blk);

  result = mrb_ary_new(mrb);
  ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
  if (!mrb_nil_p(blk)) {
    while (p < e) {
      t = p;
      while (p < e && *p != '\n') p++;
      if (*p == '\n') p++;
      len = (mrb_int) (p - t);
      arg = mrb_str_new(mrb, t, len);
      mrb_yield_argv(mrb, blk, 1, &arg);
      mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
      if (b != RSTRING_PTR(self)) {
        ptrdiff_t diff = p - b;
        b = RSTRING_PTR(self);
        p = b + diff;
      }
      e = b + RSTRING_LEN(self);
    }
    return self;
  }
  while (p < e) {
    t = p;
    while (p < e && *p != '\n') p++;
    if (*p == '\n') p++;
    len = (mrb_int) (p - t);
    mrb_ary_push(mrb, result, mrb_str_new(mrb, t, len));
    mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
  }
  return result;
}

#ljust(idx, padstr = ' ') ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.ljust(integer, padstr=’ ‘) -> new_str

If integer is greater than the length of str, returns a new String of length integer with str left justified and padded with padstr; otherwise, returns str.

"hello".ljust(4)            #=> "hello"
"hello".ljust(20)           #=> "hello               "
"hello".ljust(20, '1234')   #=> "hello123412341234123"

Raises:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 294

def ljust(idx, padstr = ' ')
  raise ArgumentError, 'zero width padding' if padstr == ''
  return self if idx <= self.size
  pad_repetitions = (idx / padstr.length).ceil
  padding = (padstr * pad_repetitions)[0...(idx - self.length)]
  self + padding
end

#lstrip ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.lstrip -> new_str

Returns a copy of str with leading whitespace removed. See also String#rstrip and String#strip.

” hello “.lstrip #=> “hello “ “hello”.lstrip #=> “hello”



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 45

def lstrip
  a = 0
  z = self.size - 1
  a += 1 while a <= z and " \f\n\r\t\v".include?(self[a])
  (z >= 0) ? self[a..z] : ""
end

#lstrip! ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.lstrip! -> self or nil

Removes leading whitespace from str, returning nil if no change was made. See also String#rstrip! and String#strip!.

” hello “.lstrip #=> “hello “ “hello”.lstrip! #=> nil

Raises:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 97

def lstrip!
  raise FrozenError, "can't modify frozen String" if frozen?
  s = self.lstrip
  (s == self) ? nil : self.replace(s)
end

#match(re, &block) ⇒ Object

ISO 15.2.10.5.27



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 254

def match(re, &block)
  if re.respond_to? :to_str
    if Object.const_defined?(:Regexp)
      r = Regexp.new(re)
      r.match(self, &block)
    else
      raise NotImplementedError, "String#match needs Regexp class"
    end
  else
    re.match(self, &block)
  end
end

#oct ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 244

static mrb_value
mrb_str_oct(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  return mrb_str_to_inum(mrb, self, 8, FALSE);
}

#ord ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 518

static mrb_value
mrb_str_ord(mrb_state* mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  if (RSTRING_LEN(str) == 0)
    mrb_raise(mrb, E_ARGUMENT_ERROR, "empty string");
  return mrb_fixnum_value((unsigned char)RSTRING_PTR(str)[0]);
}

#partition(sep) ⇒ Object

Raises:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 163

def partition(sep)
  raise TypeError, "type mismatch: #{sep.class} given" unless sep.is_a? String
  n = index(sep)
  unless n.nil?
    m = n + sep.size
    [ slice(0, n), sep, slice(m, size - m) ]
  else
    [ self, "", "" ]
  end
end

#prepend(arg) ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.prepend(other_str) -> str

Prepend—Prepend the given string to str.

a = “world” a.prepend(“hello “) #=> “hello world” a #=> “hello world”



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 364

def prepend(arg)
  self[0, 0] = arg
  self
end

#replace(other_str) ⇒ String

s = “hello” #=> “hello” s.replace “world” #=> “world”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1614

static mrb_value
mrb_str_replace(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value str2;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "S", &str2);
  return str_replace(mrb, mrb_str_ptr(str), mrb_str_ptr(str2));
}

#reverse ⇒ String

Returns a new string with the characters from str in reverse order.

“stressed”.reverse #=> “desserts”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1795

static mrb_value
mrb_str_reverse(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value str2 = mrb_str_dup(mrb, str);
  mrb_str_reverse_bang(mrb, str2);
  return str2;
}

#reverse! ⇒ String

Reverses str in place.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1733

static mrb_value
mrb_str_reverse_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
#ifdef MRB_UTF8_STRING
  mrb_int utf8_len = RSTRING_CHAR_LEN(str);
  mrb_int len = RSTRING_LEN(str);

  if (utf8_len == len) goto bytes;
  if (utf8_len > 1) {
    char *buf;
    char *p, *e, *r;

    mrb_str_modify(mrb, mrb_str_ptr(str));
    len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
    buf = (char*)mrb_malloc(mrb, (size_t)len);
    p = buf;
    e = buf + len;

    memcpy(buf, RSTRING_PTR(str), len);
    r = RSTRING_PTR(str) + len;

    while (p<e) {
      mrb_int clen = utf8len(p, e);
      r -= clen;
      memcpy(r, p, clen);
      p += clen;
    }
    mrb_free(mrb, buf);
  }
  return str;

 bytes:
#endif
  {
    struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(str);
    char *p, *e;
    char c;

    mrb_str_modify(mrb, s);
    if (RSTR_LEN(s) > 1) {
      p = RSTR_PTR(s);
      e = p + RSTR_LEN(s) - 1;
      while (p < e) {
      c = *p;
      *p++ = *e;
      *e-- = c;
      }
    }
    return str;
  }
}

#rindex(substring[, fixnum]) ⇒ Fixnum? #rindex(fixnum[, fixnum]) ⇒ Fixnum? #rindex(regexp[, fixnum]) ⇒ Fixnum?

Returns the index of the last occurrence of the given substring, character (fixnum), or pattern (regexp) in str. Returns nil if not found. If the second parameter is present, it specifies the position in the string to end the search—characters beyond this point will not be considered.

“hello”.rindex(‘e’) #=> 1 “hello”.rindex(‘l’) #=> 3 “hello”.rindex(‘a’) #=> nil “hello”.rindex(101) #=> 1 “hello”.rindex(/[aeiou]/, -2) #=> 1

Overloads:

  • #rindex(substring[, fixnum]) ⇒ Fixnum?

    Returns:

  • #rindex(fixnum[, fixnum]) ⇒ Fixnum?

    Returns:

  • #rindex(regexp[, fixnum]) ⇒ Fixnum?

    Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1822

static mrb_value
mrb_str_rindex(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value *argv;
  mrb_int argc;
  mrb_value sub;
  mrb_int pos, len = RSTRING_CHAR_LEN(str);

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "*!", &argv, &argc);
  if (argc == 2) {
    mrb_get_args(mrb, "oi", &sub, &pos);
    if (pos < 0) {
      pos += len;
      if (pos < 0) {
        mrb_regexp_check(mrb, sub);
        return mrb_nil_value();
      }
    }
    if (pos > len) pos = len;
  }
  else {
    pos = len;
    if (argc > 0)
      sub = argv[0];
    else
      sub = mrb_nil_value();
  }
  pos = chars2bytes(str, 0, pos);
  mrb_regexp_check(mrb, sub);

  switch (mrb_type(sub)) {
    default: {
      mrb_value tmp;

      tmp = mrb_check_string_type(mrb, sub);
      if (mrb_nil_p(tmp)) {
        mrb_raisef(mrb, E_TYPE_ERROR, "type mismatch: %S given", sub);
      }
      sub = tmp;
    }
     /* fall through */
    case MRB_TT_STRING:
      pos = str_rindex(mrb, str, sub, pos);
      if (pos >= 0) {
        pos = bytes2chars(RSTRING_PTR(str), pos);
        BYTES_ALIGN_CHECK(pos);
        return mrb_fixnum_value(pos);
      }
      break;

  } /* end of switch (TYPE(sub)) */
  return mrb_nil_value();
}

#rjust(idx, padstr = ' ') ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.rjust(integer, padstr=’ ‘) -> new_str

If integer is greater than the length of str, returns a new String of length integer with str right justified and padded with padstr; otherwise, returns str.

"hello".rjust(4)            #=> "hello"
"hello".rjust(20)           #=> "               hello"
"hello".rjust(20, '1234')   #=> "123412341234123hello"

Raises:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 313

def rjust(idx, padstr = ' ')
  raise ArgumentError, 'zero width padding' if padstr == ''
  return self if idx <= self.size
  pad_repetitions = (idx / padstr.length).ceil
  padding = (padstr * pad_repetitions)[0...(idx - self.length)]
  padding + self
end

#rpartition(sep) ⇒ Object

Raises:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 174

def rpartition(sep)
  raise TypeError, "type mismatch: #{sep.class} given" unless sep.is_a? String
  n = rindex(sep)
  unless n.nil?
    m = n + sep.size
    [ slice(0, n), sep, slice(m, size - m) ]
  else
    [ "", "", self ]
  end
end

#rstrip ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.rstrip -> new_str

Returns a copy of str with trailing whitespace removed. See also String#lstrip and String#strip.

” hello “.rstrip #=> “ hello” “hello”.rstrip #=> “hello”



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 62

def rstrip
  a = 0
  z = self.size - 1
  z -= 1 while a <= z and " \f\n\r\t\v\0".include?(self[z])
  (z >= 0) ? self[a..z] : ""
end

#rstrip! ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.rstrip! -> self or nil

Removes trailing whitespace from str, returning nil if no change was made. See also String#lstrip! and String#strip!.

” hello “.rstrip #=> “ hello” “hello”.rstrip! #=> nil

Raises:

  • (RuntimeError) 


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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 114

def rstrip!
  raise RuntimeError, "can't modify frozen String" if frozen?
  s = self.rstrip
  (s == self) ? nil : self.replace(s)
end

#scan(reg, &block) ⇒ Object

Calls the given block for each match of +pattern+ If no block is given return an array with all matches of +pattern+.

ISO 15.2.10.5.32



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 112

def scan(reg, &block)
  ### *** TODO *** ###
  unless Object.const_defined?(:Regexp)
    raise NotImplementedError, "scan not available (yet)"
  end
end

#setbyte ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 22

static mrb_value
mrb_str_setbyte(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_int pos, byte;
  mrb_int len;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "ii", &pos, &byte);

  len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
  if (pos < -len || len <= pos)
    mrb_raisef(mrb, E_INDEX_ERROR, "index %S is out of array", mrb_fixnum_value(pos));
  if (pos < 0)
    pos += len;

  mrb_str_modify(mrb, mrb_str_ptr(str));
  byte &= 0xff;
  RSTRING_PTR(str)[pos] = (unsigned char)byte;
  return mrb_fixnum_value((unsigned char)byte);
}

#length ⇒ Integer

Same as sym.to_s.length.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 799

static mrb_value
mrb_str_size(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int len = RSTRING_CHAR_LEN(self);
  return mrb_fixnum_value(len);
}

#[](fixnum) ⇒ Fixnum? #[](fixnum, fixnum) ⇒ String? #[](range) ⇒ String? #[](regexp) ⇒ String? #[](regexp, fixnum) ⇒ String? #[](other_str) ⇒ String? #slice(fixnum) ⇒ Fixnum? #slice(fixnum, fixnum) ⇒ String? #slice(range) ⇒ String? #slice(other_str) ⇒ String?

Element Reference—If passed a single Fixnum, returns the code of the character at that position. If passed two Fixnum objects, returns a substring starting at the offset given by the first, and a length given by the second. If given a range, a substring containing characters at offsets given by the range is returned. In all three cases, if an offset is negative, it is counted from the end of str. Returns nil if the initial offset falls outside the string, the length is negative, or the beginning of the range is greater than the end.

If a String is given, that string is returned if it occurs in str. In both cases, nil is returned if there is no match.

a = “hello there” a[1] #=> 101(1.8.7) “e”(1.9.2) a[1.1] #=> “e”(1.9.2) a[1,3] #=> “ell” a[1..3] #=> “ell” a[-3,2] #=> “er” a[-4..-2] #=> “her” a[12..-1] #=> nil a[-2..-4] #=> “” a[“lo”] #=> “lo” a[“bye”] #=> nil

Overloads:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1130

static mrb_value
mrb_str_aref_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_value a1, a2;
  mrb_int argc;

  argc = mrb_get_args(mrb, "o|o", &a1, &a2);
  if (argc == 2) {
    mrb_int n1, n2;

    mrb_regexp_check(mrb, a1);
    mrb_get_args(mrb, "ii", &n1, &n2);
    return str_substr(mrb, str, n1, n2);
  }
  if (argc != 1) {
    mrb_raisef(mrb, E_ARGUMENT_ERROR, "wrong number of arguments (%S for 1)", mrb_fixnum_value(argc));
  }
  return mrb_str_aref(mrb, str, a1);
}

#slice!(arg1, arg2 = nil) ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.slice!(fixnum) -> new_str or nil str.slice!(fixnum, fixnum) -> new_str or nil str.slice!(range) -> new_str or nil str.slice!(other_str) -> new_str or nil

Deletes the specified portion from str, and returns the portion deleted.

string = “this is a string” string.slice!(2) #=> “i” string.slice!(3..6) #=> “ is “ string.slice!(“r”) #=> “r” string #=> “thsa sting”

Raises:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 201

def slice!(arg1, arg2=nil)
  raise FrozenError, "can't modify frozen String" if frozen?
  raise "wrong number of arguments (for 1..2)" if arg1.nil? && arg2.nil?

  if !arg1.nil? && !arg2.nil?
    idx = arg1
    idx += self.size if arg1 < 0
    if idx >= 0 && idx <= self.size && arg2 > 0
      str = self[idx, arg2]
    else
      return nil
    end
  else
    validated = false
    if arg1.kind_of?(Range)
      beg = arg1.begin
      ed = arg1.end
      beg += self.size if beg < 0
      ed += self.size if ed < 0
      ed -= 1 if arg1.exclude_end?
      validated = true
    elsif arg1.kind_of?(String)
      validated = true
    else
      idx = arg1
      idx += self.size if arg1 < 0
      validated = true if idx >=0 && arg1 < self.size
    end
    if validated
      str = self[arg1]
    else
      return nil
    end
  end
  unless str.nil? || str == ""
    if !arg1.nil? && !arg2.nil?
      idx = arg1 >= 0 ? arg1 : self.size+arg1
      str2 = self[0...idx] + self[idx+arg2..-1].to_s
    else
      if arg1.kind_of?(Range)
        idx = beg >= 0 ? beg : self.size+beg
        idx2 = ed>= 0 ? ed : self.size+ed
        str2 = self[0...idx] + self[idx2+1..-1].to_s
      elsif arg1.kind_of?(String)
        idx = self.index(arg1)
        str2 = self[0...idx] + self[idx+arg1.size..-1] unless idx.nil?
      else
        idx = arg1 >= 0 ? arg1 : self.size+arg1
        str2 = self[0...idx] + self[idx+1..-1].to_s
      end
    end
    self.replace(str2) unless str2.nil?
  end
  str
end

#split(pattern = "\n", [limit]) ⇒ Array

Divides str into substrings based on a delimiter, returning an array of these substrings.

If pattern is a String, then its contents are used as the delimiter when splitting str. If pattern is a single space, str is split on whitespace, with leading whitespace and runs of contiguous whitespace characters ignored.

If pattern is a Regexp, str is divided where the pattern matches. Whenever the pattern matches a zero-length string, str is split into individual characters.

If pattern is omitted, the value of $; is used. If $; is nil (which is the default), str is split on whitespace as if ‘ ‘ were specified.

If the limit parameter is omitted, trailing null fields are suppressed. If limit is a positive number, at most that number of fields will be returned (if limit is 1, the entire string is returned as the only entry in an array). If negative, there is no limit to the number of fields returned, and trailing null fields are not suppressed.

” now’s the time”.split #=> [“now’s”, “the”, “time”] “ now’s the time”.split(‘ ‘) #=> [“now’s”, “the”, “time”] “ now’s the time”.split(/ /) #=> [””, “now’s”, “”, “the”, “time”] “hello”.split(//) #=> [“h”, “e”, “l”, “l”, “o”] “hello”.split(//, 3) #=> [“h”, “e”, “llo”]

“mellow yellow”.split(“ello”) #=> [“m”, “w y”, “w”] “1,2,,3,4,,”.split(‘,’) #=> [“1”, “2”, “”, “3”, “4”] “1,2,,3,4,,”.split(‘,’, 4) #=> [“1”, “2”, “”, “3,4,,”] “1,2,,3,4,,”.split(‘,’, -4) #=> [“1”, “2”, “”, “3”, “4”, “”, “”]

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1917

static mrb_value
mrb_str_split_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  mrb_int argc;
  mrb_value spat = mrb_nil_value();
  enum {awk, string, regexp} split_type = string;
  mrb_int i = 0;
  mrb_int beg;
  mrb_int end;
  mrb_int lim = 0;
  mrb_bool lim_p;
  mrb_value result, tmp;

  argc = mrb_get_args(mrb, "|oi", &spat, &lim);
  lim_p = (lim > 0 && argc == 2);
  if (argc == 2) {
    if (lim == 1) {
      if (RSTRING_LEN(str) == 0)
        return mrb_ary_new_capa(mrb, 0);
      return mrb_ary_new_from_values(mrb, 1, &str);
    }
    i = 1;
  }

  if (argc == 0 || mrb_nil_p(spat)) {
    split_type = awk;
  }
  else {
    if (mrb_string_p(spat)) {
      split_type = string;
      if (RSTRING_LEN(spat) == 1 && RSTRING_PTR(spat)[0] == ' ') {
          split_type = awk;
      }
    }
    else {
      mrb_noregexp(mrb, str);
    }
  }

  result = mrb_ary_new(mrb);
  beg = 0;
  if (split_type == awk) {
    mrb_bool skip = TRUE;
    mrb_int idx = 0;
    mrb_int str_len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
    unsigned int c;
    int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);

    idx = end = beg;
    while (idx < str_len) {
      c = (unsigned char)RSTRING_PTR(str)[idx++];
      if (skip) {
        if (ISSPACE(c)) {
          beg = idx;
        }
        else {
          end = idx;
          skip = FALSE;
          if (lim_p && lim <= i) break;
        }
      }
      else if (ISSPACE(c)) {
        mrb_ary_push(mrb, result, byte_subseq(mrb, str, beg, end-beg));
        mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
        skip = TRUE;
        beg = idx;
        if (lim_p) ++i;
      }
      else {
        end = idx;
      }
    }
  }
  else if (split_type == string) {
    mrb_int str_len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
    mrb_int pat_len = RSTRING_LEN(spat);
    mrb_int idx = 0;
    int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);

    while (idx < str_len) {
      if (pat_len > 0) {
        end = mrb_memsearch(RSTRING_PTR(spat), pat_len, RSTRING_PTR(str)+idx, str_len - idx);
        if (end < 0) break;
      }
      else {
        end = chars2bytes(str, idx, 1);
      }
      mrb_ary_push(mrb, result, byte_subseq(mrb, str, idx, end));
      mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
      idx += end + pat_len;
      if (lim_p && lim <= ++i) break;
    }
    beg = idx;
  }
  else {
    mrb_noregexp(mrb, str);
  }
  if (RSTRING_LEN(str) > 0 && (lim_p || RSTRING_LEN(str) > beg || lim < 0)) {
    if (RSTRING_LEN(str) == beg) {
      tmp = mrb_str_new_empty(mrb, str);
    }
    else {
      tmp = byte_subseq(mrb, str, beg, RSTRING_LEN(str)-beg);
    }
    mrb_ary_push(mrb, result, tmp);
  }
  if (!lim_p && lim == 0) {
    mrb_int len;
    while ((len = RARRAY_LEN(result)) > 0 &&
           (tmp = RARRAY_PTR(result)[len-1], RSTRING_LEN(tmp) == 0))
      mrb_ary_pop(mrb, result);
  }

  return result;
}

#start_with?([prefixes]) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if +str+ starts with one of the +prefixes+ given.

“hello”.start_with?(“hell”) #=> true

# returns true if one of the prefixes matches. “hello”.start_with?(“heaven”, “hell”) #=> true “hello”.start_with?(“heaven”, “paradise”) #=> false “h”.start_with?(“heaven”, “hell”) #=> false

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 184

static mrb_value
mrb_str_start_with(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value *argv, sub;
  mrb_int argc, i;
  mrb_get_args(mrb, "*", &argv, &argc);

  for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
    size_t len_l, len_r;
    int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
    sub = mrb_string_type(mrb, argv[i]);
    mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
    len_l = RSTRING_LEN(self);
    len_r = RSTRING_LEN(sub);
    if (len_l >= len_r) {
      if (memcmp(RSTRING_PTR(self), RSTRING_PTR(sub), len_r) == 0) {
        return mrb_true_value();
      }
    }
  }
  return mrb_false_value();
}

#strip ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.strip -> new_str

Returns a copy of str with leading and trailing whitespace removed.

” hello “.strip #=> “hello” “\tgoodbye\r\n”.strip #=> “goodbye”



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 78

def strip
  a = 0
  z = self.size - 1
  a += 1 while a <= z and " \f\n\r\t\v".include?(self[a])
  z -= 1 while a <= z and " \f\n\r\t\v\0".include?(self[z])
  (z >= 0) ? self[a..z] : ""
end

#strip! ⇒ Object

call-seq: str.strip! -> str or nil

Removes leading and trailing whitespace from str. Returns nil if str was not altered.

Raises:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/mrblib/string.rb', line 127

def strip!
  raise FrozenError, "can't modify frozen String" if frozen?
  s = self.strip
  (s == self) ? nil : self.replace(s)
end

#sub(*args, &block) ⇒ Object

Replace only the first match of +pattern+ with +replacement+. Call block (if given) for each match and replace +pattern+ with the value of the block. Return the final value.

ISO 15.2.10.5.36



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 126

def sub(*args, &block)
  unless (1..2).include?(args.length)
    raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments (given #{args.length}, expected 2)"
  end

  pattern, replace = *args
  pattern = pattern.to_str
  if args.length == 2 && block
    block = nil
  end
  unless block
    replace = replace.to_str
  end
  result = []
  this = dup
  found = index(pattern)
  return this unless found
  result << this[0, found]
  offset = found + pattern.length
  result << if block
    block.call(pattern).to_s
  else
    replace.__sub_replace(this[0, found], pattern, this[offset..-1] || "")
  end
  result << this[offset..-1] if offset < length
  result.join
end

#sub!(*args, &block) ⇒ Object

Replace only the first match of +pattern+ with +replacement+. Call block (if given) for each match and replace +pattern+ with the value of the block. Modify +self+ with the final value.

ISO 15.2.10.5.37

Raises:



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# File 'mrblib/string.rb', line 161

def sub!(*args, &block)
  raise FrozenError, "can't modify frozen String" if frozen?
  str = self.sub(*args, &block)
  return nil if str == self
  self.replace(str)
end

#succ ⇒ Object 



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 451

static mrb_value
mrb_str_succ(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  str = mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  mrb_str_succ_bang(mrb, str);
  return str;
}

#succ ⇒ String

Returns next sequence of the string;

a = “abc” a.succ #=> “abd”

Returns:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 373

static mrb_value
mrb_str_succ_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value result;
  unsigned char *p, *e, *b, *t;
  const char *prepend;
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(self);
  mrb_int l;

  if (RSTRING_LEN(self) == 0)
    return self;

  mrb_str_modify(mrb, s);
  l = RSTRING_LEN(self);
  b = p = (unsigned char*) RSTRING_PTR(self);
  t = e = p + l;
  *(e--) = 0;

  // find trailing ascii/number
  while (e >= b) {
    if (ISALNUM(*e))
      break;
    e--;
  }
  if (e < b) {
    e = p + l - 1;
    result = mrb_str_new_lit(mrb, "");
  }
  else {
    // find leading letter of the ascii/number
    b = e;
    while (b > p) {
      if (!ISALNUM(*b) || (ISALNUM(*b) && *b != '9' && *b != 'z' && *b != 'Z'))
        break;
      b--;
    }
    if (!ISALNUM(*b))
      b++;
    result = mrb_str_new(mrb, (char*) p, b - p);
  }

  while (e >= b) {
    if (!ISALNUM(*e)) {
      if (*e == 0xff) {
        mrb_str_cat_lit(mrb, result, "\x01");
        (*e) = 0;
      }
      else
        (*e)++;
      break;
    }
    prepend = NULL;
    if (*e == '9') {
      if (e == b) prepend = "1";
      *e = '0';
    }
    else if (*e == 'z') {
      if (e == b) prepend = "a";
      *e = 'a';
    }
    else if (*e == 'Z') {
      if (e == b) prepend = "A";
      *e = 'A';
    }
    else {
      (*e)++;
      break;
    }
    if (prepend) mrb_str_cat_cstr(mrb, result, prepend);
    e--;
  }
  result = mrb_str_cat(mrb, result, (char*) b, t - b);
  l = RSTRING_LEN(result);
  mrb_str_resize(mrb, self, l);
  memcpy(RSTRING_PTR(self), RSTRING_PTR(result), l);
  return self;
}

#swapcase ⇒ String

Returns a copy of str with uppercase alphabetic characters converted to lowercase and lowercase characters converted to uppercase. Note: case conversion is effective only in ASCII region.

“Hello”.swapcase #=> “hELLO” “cYbEr_PuNk11”.swapcase #=> “CyBeR_pUnK11”

Returns:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 130

static mrb_value
mrb_str_swapcase(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  str = mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  mrb_str_swapcase_bang(mrb, str);
  return str;
}

#swapcase! ⇒ String?

Equivalent to String#swapcase, but modifies the receiver in place, returning str, or nil if no changes were made. Note: case conversion is effective only in ASCII region.

Returns:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 93

static mrb_value
mrb_str_swapcase_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  char *p, *pend;
  int modify = 0;
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(str);

  mrb_str_modify(mrb, s);
  p = RSTRING_PTR(str);
  pend = p + RSTRING_LEN(str);
  while (p < pend) {
    if (ISUPPER(*p)) {
      *p = TOLOWER(*p);
      modify = 1;
    }
    else if (ISLOWER(*p)) {
      *p = TOUPPER(*p);
      modify = 1;
    }
    p++;
  }

  if (modify) return str;
  return mrb_nil_value();
}

#to_f ⇒ Float

Returns the result of interpreting leading characters in str as a floating point number. Extraneous characters past the end of a valid number are ignored. If there is not a valid number at the start of str, 0.0 is returned. This method never raises an exception.

“123.45e1”.to_f #=> 1234.5 “45.67 degrees”.to_f #=> 45.67 “thx1138”.to_f #=> 0.0

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2365

static mrb_value
mrb_str_to_f(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  return mrb_float_value(mrb, mrb_str_to_dbl(mrb, self, FALSE));
}

#to_i(base = 10) ⇒ Integer

Returns the result of interpreting leading characters in str as an integer base base (between 2 and 36). Extraneous characters past the end of a valid number are ignored. If there is not a valid number at the start of str, 0 is returned. This method never raises an exception.

“12345”.to_i #=> 12345 “99 red balloons”.to_i #=> 99 “0a”.to_i #=> 0 “0a”.to_i(16) #=> 10 “hello”.to_i #=> 0 “1100101”.to_i(2) #=> 101 “1100101”.to_i(8) #=> 294977 “1100101”.to_i(10) #=> 1100101 “1100101”.to_i(16) #=> 17826049

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2254

static mrb_value
mrb_str_to_i(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_int base = 10;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "|i", &base);
  if (base < 0) {
    mrb_raisef(mrb, E_ARGUMENT_ERROR, "illegal radix %S", mrb_fixnum_value(base));
  }
  return mrb_str_to_inum(mrb, self, base, FALSE);
}

#to_s ⇒ String #to_str ⇒ String

Returns the receiver.

Overloads:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2380

static mrb_value
mrb_str_to_s(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  if (mrb_obj_class(mrb, self) != mrb->string_class) {
    return mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  }
  return self;
}

#to_s ⇒ String #to_str ⇒ String

Returns the receiver.

Overloads:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2380

static mrb_value
mrb_str_to_s(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  if (mrb_obj_class(mrb, self) != mrb->string_class) {
    return mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  }
  return self;
}

#intern ⇒ Object #to_sym ⇒ Object

Returns the Symbol corresponding to str, creating the symbol if it did not previously exist. See Symbol#id2name.

“Koala”.intern #=> :Koala s = ‘cat’.to_sym #=> :cat s == :cat #=> true s = ‘@cat’.to_sym #=> :@cat s == :@cat #=> true

This can also be used to create symbols that cannot be represented using the :xxx notation.

‘cat and dog’.to_sym #=> :”cat and dog”



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# File 'src/string.c', line 1664

MRB_API mrb_value
mrb_str_intern(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  return mrb_symbol_value(mrb_intern_str(mrb, self));
}

#upcase ⇒ String

Returns a copy of str with all lowercase letters replaced with their uppercase counterparts. The operation is locale insensitive—only characters ‘a’ to ‘z’ are affected.

“hEllO”.upcase #=> “HELLO”

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2430

static mrb_value
mrb_str_upcase(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
{
  mrb_value str;

  str = mrb_str_dup(mrb, self);
  mrb_str_upcase_bang(mrb, str);
  return str;
}

#upcase! ⇒ String?

Upcases the contents of str, returning nil if no changes were made.

Returns:



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# File 'src/string.c', line 2397

static mrb_value
mrb_str_upcase_bang(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value str)
{
  struct RString *s = mrb_str_ptr(str);
  char *p, *pend;
  mrb_bool modify = FALSE;

  mrb_str_modify(mrb, s);
  p = RSTRING_PTR(str);
  pend = RSTRING_END(str);
  while (p < pend) {
    if (ISLOWER(*p)) {
      *p = TOUPPER(*p);
      modify = TRUE;
    }
    p++;
  }

  if (modify) return str;
  return mrb_nil_value();
}

#upto(other_str, exclusive = false) {|s| ... } ⇒ String #upto(other_str, exclusive = false) ⇒ Object

Iterates through successive values, starting at str and ending at other_str inclusive, passing each value in turn to the block. The String#succ method is used to generate each value. If optional second argument exclusive is omitted or is false, the last value will be included; otherwise it will be excluded.

If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.

“a8”.upto(“b6”) {|s| print s, ‘ ‘ } for s in “a8”..”b6” print s, ‘ ‘ end

produces:

a8 a9 b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 a8 a9 b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6

If str and other_str contains only ascii numeric characters, both are recognized as decimal numbers. In addition, the width of string (e.g. leading zeros) is handled appropriately.

“9”.upto(“11”).to_a #=> [“9”, “10”, “11”] “25”.upto(“5”).to_a #=> [] “07”.upto(“11”).to_a #=> [“07”, “08”, “09”, “10”, “11”]

Overloads:

  • #upto(other_str, exclusive = false) {|s| ... } ⇒ String

    Yields:

    • (s)

    Returns:



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# File 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c', line 568

static mrb_value
mrb_str_upto(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value beg)
{
  mrb_value end;
  mrb_value exclusive = mrb_false_value();
  mrb_value block = mrb_nil_value();
  mrb_value current, after_end;
  mrb_int n;
  mrb_bool excl;

  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o|o&", &end, &exclusive, &block);

  if (mrb_nil_p(block)) {
    return mrb_funcall(mrb, beg, "to_enum", 3, mrb_symbol_value(mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "upto")), end, exclusive);
  }
  end = mrb_string_type(mrb, end);
  excl = mrb_test(exclusive);

  /* single character */
  if (RSTRING_LEN(beg) == 1 && RSTRING_LEN(end) == 1 &&
  ISASCII(RSTRING_PTR(beg)[0]) && ISASCII(RSTRING_PTR(end)[0])) {
    char c = RSTRING_PTR(beg)[0];
    char e = RSTRING_PTR(end)[0];
    int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);

    if (c > e || (excl && c == e)) return beg;
    for (;;) {
      mrb_yield(mrb, block, mrb_str_new(mrb, &c, 1));
      mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
      if (!excl && c == e) break;
      c++;
      if (excl && c == e) break;
    }
    return beg;
  }
  /* both edges are all digits */
  if (ISDIGIT(RSTRING_PTR(beg)[0]) && ISDIGIT(RSTRING_PTR(end)[0]) &&
      all_digits_p(RSTRING_PTR(beg), RSTRING_LEN(beg)) &&
      all_digits_p(RSTRING_PTR(end), RSTRING_LEN(end))) {
    mrb_int min_width = RSTRING_LEN(beg);
    mrb_int bi = mrb_int(mrb, mrb_str_to_inum(mrb, beg, 10, FALSE));
    mrb_int ei = mrb_int(mrb, mrb_str_to_inum(mrb, end, 10, FALSE));
    int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);

    while (bi <= ei) {
      mrb_value ns, str;

      if (excl && bi == ei) break;
      ns = mrb_format(mrb, "%S", mrb_fixnum_value(bi));
      if (min_width > RSTRING_LEN(ns)) {
        str = mrb_str_new(mrb, NULL, min_width);
        memset(RSTRING_PTR(str), '0', min_width-RSTRING_LEN(ns));
        memcpy(RSTRING_PTR(str)+min_width-RSTRING_LEN(ns),
               RSTRING_PTR(ns), RSTRING_LEN(ns));
      }
      else {
        str = ns;
      }
      mrb_yield(mrb, block, str);
      mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
      bi++;
    }

    return beg;
  }
  /* normal case */
  n = mrb_int(mrb, mrb_funcall(mrb, beg, "<=>", 1, end));
  if (n > 0 || (excl && n == 0)) return beg;

  after_end = mrb_funcall(mrb, end, "succ", 0);
  current = mrb_str_dup(mrb, beg);
  while (!mrb_str_equal(mrb, current, after_end)) {
    int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
    mrb_value next = mrb_nil_value();
    if (excl || !mrb_str_equal(mrb, current, end))
      next = mrb_funcall(mrb, current, "succ", 0);
    mrb_yield(mrb, block, current);
    if (mrb_nil_p(next)) break;
    current = mrb_str_to_str(mrb, next);
    if (excl && mrb_str_equal(mrb, current, end)) break;
    if (RSTRING_LEN(current) > RSTRING_LEN(end) || RSTRING_LEN(current) == 0)
      break;
    mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
  }

  return beg;
}