2026-04-22 recommended Alien-Species Alien-Species See Groom et al. (2019). Improving Darwin Core for research and management of alien species. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards, 3: e38084. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.3.38084. A bdqffdq:UseCase that involves the identification and analysis of whether the occurrence of a taxon is native to a location or not, how it got there and to what extent the taxon has become a permanent feature of the location in order to improve the management and reduce the spread of alien species. A bdqffdq:UseCase that involves the identification and analysis of whether the occurrence of a taxon is native to a location or not, how it got there and to what extent the taxon has become a permanent feature of the location in order to improve the management and reduce the spread of alien species. Alien-Species Data are fit for this use when occurrence records can be reliably interpreted for alien-species management: the organism identity, observation status, and establishment context are present and standard.

Organism identity is usable: Taxon/scientific name terms (e.g., dwc:scientificName, related dwc:Taxon terms, and identifiers where provided) are present, resolvable to a taxonomic authority, and consistent.
Establishment context is usable: Terms defining the invasion status (dwc:establishmentMeans, dwc:degreeOfEstablishment, dwc:pathway) are present when relevant, valid and standard.
Observation Status is present in valid form to reliably distinguish between presence and absence records; dwc:occurrenceStatus is present, valid and standardizable.
Metadata context (dwc:basisOfRecord and dc:type) is present, valid, and standard so record meaning is consistent in downstream use.

Darwin Core Occurrences 2026-04-26 recommended Species-Distribution-Modeling-Trees Species-Distribution-Modeling-Trees References:

Gill, A.M., Belbin, L. and Chippendale, G.M. (1985). Phytogeography of EUCALYPTUS in Australia. Bureau of Flora and Fauna, Australian Flora and Fauna Series, 3. Canberra. 53p. ISBN: 0644040815.
Phillips, S. J., Anderson, R. P., and Schapire, R. E. (2006). Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecological Modeling, 190(3-4), 231-259.
Guisan, A. Edwards, T.C. and Hastie, T. (2002). Generalized linear and generalized additive models in studies of species distributions: setting the scene. Ecological Modeling 157, 89-100.

A bdqffdq:UseCase for improving the quality of, and selecting dwc:Occurrence records suitable for predicting the spatial distribution of tree species. This Use Case filters for occurrence records that meet criteria for a known species at a known location and date. Records can be further filtered to meet the requirements of the predictive modeling of specific tree species distributions (e.g., Eucalypts) using high-precision occurrence data and environmental variables to evaluate modeling methodologies and refine expert distribution envelopes. A bdqffdq:UseCase for improving the quality of, and selecting dwc:Occurrence records suitable for predicting the spatial distribution of tree species. This Use Case filters for occurrence records that meet criteria for a known species at a known location and date. Records can be further filtered to meet the requirements of the predictive modeling of specific tree species distributions (e.g., Eucalypts) using high-precision occurrence data and environmental variables to evaluate modeling methodologies and refine expert distribution envelopes. SDM-Trees Data are fit for the use case bdquc:Species-Distribution-Modeling-Trees when records have valid:

dwc:scientificName identified to species level.
dwc:basisOfRecord = "Occurrence".
dwc:occurrenceStatus = "present".
dwc:decimalLatitude and dwc:decimalLongitude.
dwc:coordinateUncertaintyInMeters less than 500.
dwc:dataGeneralizations = bdqval:empty.
dwc:year or dwc:eventDate within provided temporal limits.

Darwin Core Occurrences 2026-04-22 recommended Spatial-Temporal Patterns Spatial-Temporal Patterns See Rees ER and Nicholls M (2020) Data Quality Use Case Study Results. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4: e50889, suppl. 2. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.50889.suppl2. A bdqffdq:UseCase that pertains to dwc:Occurrence data where the Information Elements concerning what dwc:Organism occurred when at what location are used for analysies such as of taxon distributions across space and time to quantify biodiversity patterns, identify range shifts, or modeling of ecological niches. A bdqffdq:UseCase that pertains to dwc:Occurrence data where the Information Elements concerning what dwc:Organism occurred when at what location are used for analysies such as of taxon distributions across space and time to quantify biodiversity patterns, identify range shifts, or modeling of ecological niches. Spatial-Temporal_Patterns Data are fit for the Use Case bdquc:Spatial-Temporal_Patterns when occurrence records can be reliably interpreted as organism occurrences in space and time: the organism identity is usable, the location is usable (with adequate precision and metadata), textual geography data is consistent with the coordinates, the event date is usable and internally consistent, and any generalization (spatial or temporal) is detectable so users can decide whether the record is fit at the intended analysis scale.

Organism identity is usable: Taxon and scientific name terms (e.g., dwc:scientificName and related taxon terms) are present and sufficiently resolvable and consistent to support analyses of spatio-temporal patterns of organisms.
Location is usable and interpretable (including precision and metadata): Coordinates are present, are in-range, and are accompanied by adequate spatial metadata (e.g., uncertainty and spatial reference such as datum); obvious artifact coordinates (e.g., zeros) are detectable.
Textual geography is coherent with coordinates: Textual geography fields (e.g., dwc:countryCode, dwc:country, dwc:stateProvince) are valid and standardizable and consistent with the coordinates.
Date is usable and internally consistent: dwc:eventDate is present, valid, in standard form and consistent with other temporal terms (e.g. dwc:year) terms when those are provided. Generalization and low precision are detectable: Any indication that the record has been generalized (via dwc:dataGeneralizations) is available along with coordinate uncertainty, broad and interval event dates, and taxonomic rank so that users can judge whether records are fit for the intended spatial and temporal resolution.

Darwin Core Occurrences 2026-04-22 recommended Taxon-Management Taxon-Management See Rees ER and Nicholls M (2020) Data Quality Use Case Study Results. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4: e50889, suppl. 2. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.50889.suppl2. A bdqffdq:UseCase that involves the nomenclatural audit, taxonomic verification, and systematic organization of taxon names and associated metadata to ensure identification stability and compliance with global taxonomic standards. A bdqffdq:UseCase that involves the nomenclatural audit, taxonomic verification, and systematic organization of taxon names and associated metadata to ensure identification stability and compliance with global taxonomic standards. Taxon-Management Data are fit for this use when when taxonomic information is sufficient to unambiguously determine which taxon is being referenced and to position it within a nomenclatural hierarchy. Taxon terms are sufficient to resolve an organism they may be applied to (or flag ambiguity), core name and rank terms (e.g., dwc:scientificName, dwc:taxonRank) are present and align with an appropriate bdqval:sourceAuthority, name strings are consistent with atomized name fields and identifiers or authorship.

Taxon can be resolved: Taxon terms are present and sufficient to support unambiguous resolution (dwc:scientificName, dwc:scientificNameAuthorship, dwc:scientificNameID).
Names and ranks are authoritative: dwc:scientificName and required rank and classification terms are present, standardizable, and consistent with the bdqval:sourceAuthority.
Name fields are consistent: dwc:scientificName agrees with atomized name fields; authorship is provided where needed.
Identifiers are usable: Identifiers (e.g., dwc:scientificNameID) are present when available and correctly formed; dwc:taxonRank is present and valid.

Darwin Core dwc:Taxon terms. application/rdf+xml Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG)